[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 111 (Friday, June 11, 2021)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 31152-31165]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2021-10435]



[[Page 31152]]

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 DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

28 CFR Part 31

[Docket No.: OJP (OJJDP) 1782]
RIN 1121-AA83


Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act Formula Grants 
Program

AGENCY: Office of Justice Programs, Department of Justice.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, is 
amending the Formula Grants Program implementing regulation authorized 
under title II, part B, of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act (JJDP Act) and promulgated in 1996, to remove sections 
and/or provisions that were rendered obsolete by amendments made to the 
JJDP Act in 2002 or in 2018; are redundant; or are ultra vires. 
Additional technical corrections reflect an editorial reclassification 
of the United States Code, implemented on September 1, 2017, that 
reorganized certain existing provisions of the United States Code into 
a new title, and citations are updated to reflect sections of the Act 
that were re-numbered by the 2002 amendments. Finally, the definitions 
in the regulation have been rearranged to be listed in alphabetical 
order.

DATES: This rule is effective June 11, 2021.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Keith Towery, Grants Management 
Specialist, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, at 
202-307-0648.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Executive Summary

A. Purpose of the Regulatory Action

    The purpose of this regulatory action is to amend the Formula 
Grants Program implementing regulation at 28 CFR part 31, subpart A, 
authorized under title II, part B, of the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDP Act) and promulgated in 1996, to 
remove sections and/or provisions that (1) were rendered obsolete by 
amendments made to the JJDP Act in 2002 by Public Law 107-273 (the 
``2002 amendments'') or by Public Law 115-385 (the ``2018 
amendments''); (2) are redundant; or (3) are ultra vires. Additional 
technical corrections reflect an editorial reclassification of the 
United States Code, implemented on September 1, 2017, that reorganized 
certain existing provisions of the United States Code from title 42 
into a new title 34, and citations are updated to reflect sections of 
the Act that were re-numbered by the 2002 amendments. Finally, the 
definitions in the regulation have been rearranged to be listed in 
alphabetical order.\1\ OJP implements this rule pursuant to the 
rulemaking authority under 34 U.S.C. 11111.
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    \1\ For a redlined version that shows the changes made to the 
Formula Grants Program regulation by this Final Rule, please visit 
OJJDP's website at www.ojjdp.gov. See also Appendix A for a table 
that indicates, by section, where edits have been made to the 
regulation.
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B. Estimated Costs and Benefits

    As noted in the preamble above, this rule removes provisions of the 
Formula Grants Program regulation that (1) were rendered obsolete by 
amendments made to the JJDP Act in 2002 by Public Law 107-273 (the 
``2002 amendments'') or by Public Law 115-385 (the ``2018 
amendments''); (2) are redundant; or (3) are ultra vires. This rule 
also makes technical corrections to the regulation. These changes, 
overall, reasonably can be expected to save at least a de minimis 
amount of grantee staff time in understanding program requirements when 
compared to the current rule, and thus the rule is deregulatory. With 
respect to the provisions of the Formula Grants Program regulation to 
be removed as obsolete, States have been advised by OJJDP not to follow 
those provisions, and/or OJJDP has not been enforcing those provisions. 
Thus, removing those provisions will result in no additional or reduced 
burden on states. The removal of provisions that are redundant, because 
they simply parrot language in the JJDPA, do not impose or reduce 
requirements of state grantees, and accordingly neither increase nor 
decrease costs or burdens on states. This rule makes technical 
corrections to the Formula Grants Program regulation that reflect the 
2002 and 2018 amendments, most of which reflect simple renumbering of 
sections or provisions of the JJDPA, but do not make changes that would 
impose additional requirements on states. Finally, the three provisions 
in the regulation that are being removed as ultra vires have not been 
enforced by OJJDP in recent years; their removal will not result in any 
additional costs, and may result in de minimis savings in grantee staff 
time, as noted above.

II. Background

    This rule amends the regulation implementing the JJDP Act Formula 
Grants Program at 28 CFR part 31, subpart A. OJJDP administers the 
Formula Grants Program, pursuant to title II, part B, of the JJDP Act, 
now codified at 34 U.S.C. 11131-11133, which authorizes OJJDP to 
provide an annual grant to each State to improve its juvenile justice 
system and to support juvenile delinquency prevention programs. Title 
II, part B, of the JJDP Act authorizes OJJDP to provide formula grants 
to states to assist them in planning, establishing, operating, 
coordinating, and evaluating projects directly or through grants and 
contracts with public and private agencies for the development of more 
effective education, training, research, prevention, diversion, 
treatment, and rehabilitation programs in the area of juvenile 
delinquency and programs to improve the juvenile justice system. The 
JJDP Act was originally enacted in 1974, authorizing the Formula Grants 
Program under title II, part B, and was reauthorized and/or amended in 
1980,\2\ 1984,\3\ 1988,\4\ 1992,\5\ 2002,\6\ and 2018.\7\ It should be 
noted that this final rule, which is purely technical in character, 
does not reflect amendments made by the Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 
2018 (Pub. L. 115-385), unless they are purely technical in nature, or 
reflect provisions that were rendered obsolete. Any substantive changes 
will be made in a future regulation that will be published for notice 
and public comment.
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    \2\ Public Law 96-509.
    \3\ Public Law 98-473.
    \4\ Public Law 100-690.
    \5\ Public Law 102-586.
    \6\ Public Law 107-273.
    \7\ Public Law 115-385.
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    OJP's Formula Grants Program implementing regulation was first 
published on May 31, 1995, and amended on December 31, 1996. In the 
2002 amendments to the JJDP Act, several statutory provisions were 
repealed, but those statutory amendments were not reflected in the only 
post-1996 amendment to the implementing regulation (promulgated in 
January 2017). This final rule, among other things, amends the 
regulation to reflect the repeal, in 2002, of those statutory 
provisions, as well as the repeal of statutory provisions based on the 
2018 amendments. Finally, it should be noted that many provisions that 
currently exist in this regulation have been superseded by 2 CFR part 
200 (Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit 
Requirements for Federal Awards), references to which are to be 
understood as references to part 200 as adopted for the Department of 
Justice by 28 CFR part 2800. In addition, it should be noted that, 
among other things, title II

[[Page 31153]]

of the JJDP Act adopts by reference certain provisions of the Omnibus 
Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, making them applicable to 
the title II Formula Grants Program. See 34 U.S.C. 11182(b) and (c). 
These referenced provisions include, but are not limited to, the 
provisions found at 34 U.S.C. 10228(c) (prohibition on discrimination); 
34 U.S.C. 10230(a) (recordkeeping requirement); 34 U.S.C. 10230(b) 
(access to records for audit and examination); 34 U.S.C. 10230(c) 
(audit and examination period after completion of program or project); 
34 U.S.C. 10231(a) (research or statistical information; immunity from 
process; prohibition against admission as evidence or use in any 
proceedings).

III. Discussion of Changes Made by This Rule 8
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    \8\ Please see the table at Appendix A detailing the reasons for 
specific changes made by this Final Rule.
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A. Removal of Sections That Are Obsolete

    The current regulation prescribes requirements that were pertinent 
to Formula Grants Program requirements that were repealed in the 2002 
and 2018 amendments. Those provisions of the current regulation that 
purport to implement requirements that were repealed by the 2002 and 
2018 statutory amendments are not valid. See, e.g., Hadson Gas Sys., 
Inc. v. FERC, 316 U.S. App. D.C. 98, 75 F.3d 680, 684 (D.C. Cir. 1996) 
(where Congress enacts a new statute or amends an existing one, 
administrative regulations may be rendered unnecessary or obsolete and 
the prior regulations need not be repealed by notice and comment); 
Messick ex rel. Kangas v. United States, 70 Fed. Cl. 319, 328 (2006) 
(holding that a regulation that had failed to keep up with statutory 
changes was to be ``disregarded''), rev'd on other grounds sub nom. 
Amber-Messick ex rel. Kangas v. United States, 483 F.3d 1316 (Fed. Cir. 
2007).

B. Removal of Sections That Merely Repeat Provisions of the JJDP Act or 
Other Law

    Several sections of the Formula Grants Program regulation do no 
more than parrot existing statutory provisions within the JJDP Act or 
provisions such as those in the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets 
Act of 1968 that are noted above, and thus are unnecessarily repeated 
in the regulation.

C. Removal of Sections That Are Ultra Vires

    The following three provisions of the regulation are being removed 
because they are contrary to specific provisions within the JJDP Act, 
or are generally outside the scope of the Administrator's authority, 
and are, therefore, ``ultra vires''--``unauthorized; beyond the scope 
of power allowed or granted by a corporate charter or by law.'' Black's 
Law Dictionary (10th ed. 2014).
Section 31.301(e)
    This provision of the current regulation purports to describe how 
OJJDP may use funds that were originally allocated to a state that is 
subsequently determined to be ineligible for a formula grant award 
(including because it has not met one or more of the 33 eligibility 
requirements set forth at section 223(a) of the JJDP Act), or has 
chosen not to submit an application for a formula grant award. Section 
223(d) of the JJDP Act, however, requires that OJJDP must ``endeavor to 
make that State's allocation [excluding the allocation for the state 
advisory group authorized under 34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(3)] available to 
local public and private nonprofit agencies'' within the state and goes 
on to provide that, if the Administrator is unable to make such an 
award, the funds must be made available ``on an equitable basis and to 
those States that have achieved full compliance with the core 
requirements.'' (Emphasis added.) Thus, by the express terms of this 
statutory provision, those funds may not be reallocated to states that 
were determined to be out of compliance. The third sentence of section 
31.301(e) states that, upon ``a request for extension, which 
demonstrates compelling circumstances'' OJJDP may reallocate the 
formula grant funds ``back to the State for which the funds were 
initially allocated,'' and thus purports to provide something 
manifestly contrary to the plain language of section 223(d) of the JJDP 
Act (34 U.S.C. 11133(d)). Section 31.301(e) is, therefore, ultra vires 
and must be removed.
Section 31.303(f)(1)(i)(A)
    Section 31.303(f)(1)(i)(A) purports to require that a state 
identify in its monitoring universe ``all residential facilities which 
might hold juveniles pursuant to public authority.'' The word 
``residential'' is deleted because, section 223(a)(14) of the JJDP Act 
(34 U.S.C. 11133 (a)(14)) requires that States monitor all ``jails, 
lock-ups, detention facilities, and correctional facilities,'' and, 
plainly, is not limited in scope to ``residential'' facilities. 
Accordingly, the language in this paragraph that purports to limit the 
reach of the statutory requirement is ultra vires. Consequently, 
section 31.303(f)(1)(i)(A) must be amended accordingly.
Section 31.303(f)(3)(vii)
    Among other things, section 223(a)(11)(A)(ii) of the JJDP Act 
provides that ``a juvenile shall not be placed in a secure detention 
facility or a secure correctional facility'' if the juvenile is (in 
common parlance) a ``non-offender'' who ``is an alien[ ] or is alleged 
to be dependent, neglected, or abused.'' A ``non-offender,'' pursuant 
to 28 CFR 31.304(i), is a ``juvenile who is subject to the jurisdiction 
of the juvenile court . . . for reasons other than legally prohibited 
conduct of the juvenile'' (emphasis added); and violation of a valid 
court order is, as a matter of law, ``legally prohibited conduct.'' 
Thus, by definition, a juvenile who has violated a valid court order is 
not, and cannot be, a ``non-offender.'' Section 31.303(f)(3)(vii) of 
the current regulation, however, purports to provide that an erstwhile 
``non-offender . . . cannot [sic] be placed in secure detention or 
correctional facilities [sic] for violating a valid court order.'' 
Consequently, section 31.303(f)(3)(vii) of the current regulation, 
which purports to extend section 223(a)(11)(A)(ii) of the JJDP Act 
(which relates only to ``non-offenders'') to juveniles who are not 
``non-offenders'' is ultra vires and must be removed.

D. Technical Corrections

    Several amendments to the Formula Grants Program regulation reflect 
an editorial reclassification of the United States Code, implemented on 
September 1, 2017, that reorganized certain existing provisions of the 
United States Code from title 42 into a new title 34. Additionally, 
other citations in the current regulation are being updated to reflect 
sections of the JJDP Act that were re-numbered following the 2002 
amendments.

IV. Regulatory Requirements

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601-612) applies to rules 
that are subject to notice and comment under section 553(b) of the APA. 
As noted in the discussion, below, regarding the applicability of the 
APA, this rule is exempt from the 553(b) notice and comment 
requirements. Consequently, the RFA does not apply.
    Nevertheless, consistent with the analysis typically required by 
the

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Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 605(b)), the Office of Juvenile 
Justice and Delinquency Prevention has reviewed this regulation and, by 
approving it, certifies that it will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities. The Formula Grants 
Program provides funding to States pursuant to a statutory provision, 
which is not affected by this regulation. Because States have complete 
discretion as to which local governments and other entities will 
receive formula grant funds through subgrants, as well as the amount of 
any subgrants, this rule will have no direct effect on any particular 
local governments or entities.

Executive Order 12866, Regulatory Planning and Review, 13563 and 
Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review

    This final rule was developed in accordance with the principles of 
E.O. 12866 and 13563. E.O. 12866, section 1(b), 58 FR 51, 735 (Sept. 
30, 1993), which direct agencies to assess all costs and benefits of 
available regulatory alternatives and, if regulation is necessary, to 
select regulatory approaches that maximize net benefits (including 
potential economic, environmental, public health, and safety effects; 
distributive impacts; and equity). E.O. 13563 is supplemental to and 
reaffirms the principles, structures, and definitions governing 
regulatory review as established in E.O. 12866.
    OJP has determined that this regulation is not a ``significant 
regulatory action'' under Executive Order No. 12866. As set forth 
above, this final rule will not have the economic effects described in 
E.O. 12866, sec. 3(f) (e.g., annual effect on the economy of $100 
million or more). It will not create any serious inconsistency or 
otherwise interference with an action taken or planned by another 
agency because this rule merely updates an OJJDP program rule. It does 
not materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, user 
fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients 
thereof because it merely updates the program rule to conform to 
existing statutory law and makes technical corrections. For the same 
reasons, it does not raise novel legal or policy issues. Consequently, 
in accordance with the general principles of Executive Order No. 12866, 
the Office of Management and Budget has declined review.
    This final rule is not a significant regulatory action under E.O. 
12866, and it does not impose a cost greater than zero.

Administrative Procedure Act

    This rule issued by the Office of Justice Programs changes the 
regulations for the OJJDP Formula Grant Program, and thus concerns 
matters relating to ``grants, benefits, or contracts,'' 5 U.S.C. 
553(a)(2). This rule is therefore exempt from the requirement of notice 
and comment and a 30-day delay in the effective date.
    Moreover, the purpose of this final rule is (a) to remove 
provisions of the current regulation that are contrary to the statute 
upon which they purport to have been predicated when originally 
promulgated, or that merely parrot or repeat language in the JJDP Act 
or the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968; and (b) to 
make technical corrections. Public comments on this final rule would 
have no effect on the legal necessity of removing the regulatory 
provisions that are contrary to statute, no effect on the legal 
redundancy of the parroting or repeating language, and no effect on the 
making of technical corrections. Finally, the rule would not adversely 
affect any segment of the public whatsoever, as it does not impose any 
burdens or requirements on any entities, including Formula Grants 
Program recipients, and therefore advance notice and public comment are 
unnecessary.
    In addition, these rule amendments remove provisions of the 
regulation that were rendered null and void by subsequent amendments to 
the JJDP Act, (which repealed the predicate statutory provisions upon 
which the regulatory provisions were based), and ``parroting'' 
regulations that unnecessarily repeat other provisions of law, and 
otherwise make only technical corrections to U.S. Code citations in 
cross-references. Where provisions of the regulation are predicated on 
defunct or amended statutory provisions, it causes confusion as to the 
requirements that Formula Grants Program grantees must meet.
    For these reasons, it is contrary to the public interest to delay 
implementation of this rule.

Executive Order 13132--Federalism

    The Formula Grants Program does not impose any mandates on States; 
nor does it interfere with States' sovereignty, authorities, or rights. 
States, rather, participate in the Program voluntarily and, as a 
condition of receipt of funding to improve their juvenile justice 
systems and to operate juvenile delinquency prevention programs, agree 
to comply with the Program's requirements.
    This rule will not have substantial direct effects on the States, 
on the relationship between the federal government and the States, or 
on distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels 
of government. The rule will not impose substantial direct compliance 
costs on State and local governments, or preempt any State laws. 
Therefore, in accordance with Executive Order No. 13132, it is 
determined that this rule does not have sufficient federalism 
implications to warrant the preparation of a Federalism Assessment.

Executive Order 12988--Civil Justice Reform

    This rule meets the applicable standards set forth in sections 3(a) 
and (b)(2) of Executive Order No. 12988. Pursuant to section 3(b)(1)(I) 
of the Executive Order, nothing in this or any previous rule (or in any 
administrative policy, directive, ruling, notice, guideline, guidance, 
or writing) directly relating to the Program that is the subject of 
this rule is intended to create any legal or procedural rights 
enforceable against the United States, except as the same may be 
contained within subpart A of part 31 of title 28 of the Code of 
Federal Regulations.

Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995

    This rule will not result in the expenditure by State, local and 
tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the private sector, of 
$100,000,000 or more in any one year, and it will not significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments. The Formula Grants Program provides 
funds to States to improve their juvenile justice systems and to 
support juvenile delinquency prevention programs. As a condition of 
funding, States agree to comply with the Formula Grants Program 
requirements. Therefore, no actions are necessary under the provisions 
of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995.

Congressional Review Act

    This rule is not a major rule as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804. This rule 
will not result in an annual effect on the economy of $100,000,000 or 
more; a major increase in costs or prices; or significant adverse 
effects on competition, employment, investment, productivity, 
innovation, or on the ability of United States-based companies to 
compete with foreign-based companies in domestic and export markets.

Paperwork Reduction Act

    This rule does not propose any new, or changes to existing, 
``collection[s] of information'' as defined by the Paperwork Reduction 
Act of 1995 (44

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U.S.C. 3501, et seq.) and its implementing regulations at 5 CFR part 
1320.

Appendix A

 Table of Amendments to OJJDP Formula Grants Program Regulation--28 CFR
                                 Part 31
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                             Reason(s) for removal or
          Regulatory provision                 technical correction
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31.1(a)................................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The text
                                          of this paragraph is
                                          simplified for clarity.
31.1(b)................................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: As many
                                          current provisions that parrot
                                          regulations found outside this
                                          subpart are removed by this
                                          rule, this paragraph is added
                                          to provide notice that
                                          regulations found outside this
                                          subpart may be applicable.
31.1(c)................................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: This
                                          paragraph is added to clarify
                                          that the myriad references in
                                          this subpart to provisions of
                                          Federal law outside this
                                          subpart are general (not
                                          specific) references and thus
                                          include any subsequent
                                          amendment to the provision.
31.2...................................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in this paragraph is updated
                                          to reflect the 2017
                                          reorganization of title 42 of
                                          the U.S. Code into a new title
                                          34.
31.3...................................  OBSOLETE: The first sentence,
                                          which indicates the submission
                                          deadline for applications for
                                          years prior to 1995, is
                                          removed as obsolete.
                                         TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          second sentence is removed
                                          because the application
                                          deadline in any given year
                                          will depend upon the date that
                                          the solicitation is posted in
                                          that year.
31.100.................................  REDUNDANT: This section is
                                          removed because the
                                          eligibility requirements are
                                          set forth at sections 103(7)
                                          and 221 of the Juvenile
                                          Justice and Delinquency
                                          Prevention Act (the Act) (34
                                          U.S.C. 11103(7) and 11131).
31.101.................................  REDUNDANT: This section is
                                          removed because it restates
                                          state agency designation
                                          requirements found at sections
                                          223(a)(1) and (2) of the Act
                                          (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(1) and
                                          (2)).
                                         OBSOLETE: The second sentence
                                          of this section was authorized
                                          by, and refers to, a section
                                          of the Act (section 299(c))
                                          that was repealed in
                                          amendments made to the Act by
                                          Public Law 107-273 in 2002
                                          (the 2002 amendments).
31.102.................................  OBSOLETE: The statutory
                                          provision authorizing the
                                          Administrator to establish
                                          requirements for, and approve,
                                          the state agency designated by
                                          the governor or chief
                                          executive of the state, was
                                          repealed by Public Law 115-385
                                          in 2018 (the 2018 amendments).
31.103.................................  OBSOLETE: This section was made
                                          obsolete by the 2002
                                          amendments which added section
                                          223(e) (see 34 U.S.C.
                                          11133(e)).
31.200.................................  REDUNDANT: This section is
                                          removed because it references
                                          general requirements,
                                          established elsewhere, that
                                          are not specific to the
                                          Formula Grants Program and
                                          need not be included in this
                                          regulation.
31.201.................................  REDUNDANT: This section is
                                          removed because it references
                                          several audit requirements,
                                          established elsewhere, that
                                          are not specific to the
                                          Formula Grants Program and
                                          need not be included in this
                                          regulation.
31.202(a)(1)...........................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph is
                                          removed because the
                                          requirement is found elsewhere
                                          (see 28 CFR 42.505(d)).
31.202(a)(2)...........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: This
                                          section is removed because the
                                          reference to ``Council'' is a
                                          remnant of earlier versions of
                                          the regulation, which referred
                                          to the ``State Criminal
                                          Justice Council'' that was
                                          required under 402(b)(1) of
                                          title I of Public Law 90-351,
                                          which section was repealed in
                                          1984 by section 606 of title
                                          II of Public Law 98-473. Prior
                                          versions of the JJDP Act
                                          adopted that requirement by
                                          reference, but the JJDP Act
                                          was amended to remove those
                                          references. (See Pub. L. 98-
                                          473, title II, sec. 626.)
31.202(b)(1)...........................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph is
                                          removed because the
                                          requirement is found elsewhere
                                          (see 28 CFR 42.204(a)).
31.202(b)(2)...........................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph is
                                          removed because the
                                          requirement is found elsewhere
                                          (see 28 CFR 42.204(b)).
31.202(b)(3)...........................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph is
                                          removed because the
                                          requirement is found elsewhere
                                          (see 28 CFR 42.405.
31.202(b)(4)...........................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph is
                                          removed because its substance
                                          is covered elsewhere (see 34
                                          U.S.C. 10230 and 2 CFR
                                          200.337(a).
31.202(b)(5)...........................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph is
                                          removed as redundant because
                                          it repeats a requirement found
                                          at 28 CFR 42.204(c).
31.203.................................  OBSOLETE: The first part of the
                                          first sentence is removed
                                          because it references a
                                          section of the Act (section
                                          299(c)) that was repealed in
                                          the 2002 amendments.
31.300.................................  REDUNDANT: This section is
                                          removed because it is
                                          redundant; see section 31.1 of
                                          this regulation.

[[Page 31156]]

 
31.301(a)..............................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph,
                                          regarding state funding
                                          allocations, is removed
                                          because it is redundant; see
                                          section 222 of the Act (34
                                          U.S.C. 11132).
31.301(b)..............................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: In the
                                          first sentence of this
                                          paragraph, ``application'' is
                                          replaced with ``allocation''
                                          because it is not consistent
                                          with the language in section
                                          222 of the JJDP Act (34 U.S.C.
                                          11132)).
                                         TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The last
                                          sentence of this paragraph is
                                          removed because it references
                                          a section of the regulation
                                          that is removed as redundant
                                          (section 31.301(b)(1)).
31.301(b)(1)...........................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph,
                                          regarding tribal eligibility
                                          and use of funds, is removed
                                          because it is redundant; see
                                          section 223(a)(5)(C) of the
                                          Act (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(5)(C))
                                          and section 103(18) of the Act
                                          (34 U.S.C. 11103(18)).
31.301(b)(4)...........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: This
                                          reference to paragraphs
                                          (b)(1)(i)-(iii) of this
                                          section is removed because
                                          paragraphs (b)(1)(i)-(iii) are
                                          removed as redundant.
31.301(b)(5)...........................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph,
                                          requiring consultation with
                                          Indian tribes, is removed
                                          because it is redundant; see
                                          section 223(a)(4) of the Act
                                          (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(4)).
31.301(c)..............................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph,
                                          describing the match
                                          requirement, is removed
                                          because it is redundant; see
                                          section 222(c) of the Act (34
                                          U.S.C. 11132(c)).
31.301(e)..............................  REDUNDANT: The first sentence,
                                          describing how unallocated
                                          funds from nonparticipating
                                          states may be used by OJJDP,
                                          is removed as redundant; see
                                          section 223(d) of the Act (34
                                          U.S.C. 11133(d)).
                                         REDUNDANT: The second sentence,
                                          regarding the allowable use of
                                          funds awarded to a recipient
                                          within a nonparticipating
                                          state, is removed as
                                          redundant; see section 223(d)
                                          of the Act (34 U.S.C.
                                          11133(d)).
                                         ULTRA VIRES: The third
                                          sentence, allowing the
                                          reallocation of funds to
                                          states initially deemed
                                          ineligible, is removed as
                                          ultra vires because section
                                          223(d) of the Act (34 U.S.C.
                                          11133(d)) requires that funds
                                          withheld from nonparticipating
                                          states be made available to a
                                          local public or private
                                          nonprofit entity within the
                                          state.
                                         OBSOLETE: The reference to the
                                          date after which the
                                          unallocated funding from
                                          nonparticipating states will
                                          be made available to another
                                          entity within the state is
                                          obsolete because the date has
                                          passed and is no longer
                                          meaningful.
                                         OBSOLETE: This reference to
                                          publication of program
                                          announcements in the Federal
                                          Register is removed as
                                          obsolete because program
                                          announcements (i.e.,
                                          solicitations) are no longer
                                          published in the Federal
                                          Register.
31.302(a)..............................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph,
                                          regarding the designation of
                                          the state agency responsible
                                          for administration of the
                                          Formula Grants Program, is
                                          redundant; see sections
                                          223(a)(1) and (2) of the Act
                                          (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(1) and
                                          (2)).
                                         OBSOLETE: This paragraph also
                                          refers to a section of the Act
                                          (section 299(c)) that was
                                          repealed in the 2002
                                          amendments.
31.302(b)(1)...........................  REDUNDANT: The first sentence,
                                          describing the state advisory
                                          group and membership
                                          requirements, is redundant;
                                          see section 223(a)(3) of the
                                          Act (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(3)).
31.302(b)(2)...........................  OBSOLETE: Section 223(a)(3)(A)
                                          and (B) of the Act (34 U.S.C.
                                          11133(a)(3)(A) and (B))
                                          prescribe membership
                                          requirements for the state
                                          advisory groups (SAGs). This
                                          paragraph simply makes
                                          recommendations for SAG
                                          membership based on a
                                          statutory provision that was
                                          repealed in the 2002
                                          amendments.
31.302(c)..............................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph is
                                          removed because it simply
                                          provides that states must
                                          comply with cited sections of
                                          the Act that, of their own
                                          force, require compliance by
                                          formula grant recipients.
31.303(a)..............................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph is
                                          removed because all Office of
                                          Justice Programs (OJP) grant
                                          recipients are subject to a
                                          requirement, established
                                          elsewhere, that they submit
                                          assurances that they have
                                          complied with applicable
                                          statutory, regulatory, and
                                          other program requirements
                                          when they submit their
                                          application, and thus need not
                                          be included in this
                                          regulation.
31.303(b)..............................  OBSOLETE: This paragraph simply
                                          makes a recommendation for the
                                          use of formula grant funds
                                          based on a finding that was
                                          deleted in the 2002 amendments
                                          and a statutory provision that
                                          does not specifically describe
                                          efforts to address serious and
                                          violent offenders in the
                                          permissible programs
                                          delineated in section
                                          223(a)(9) of the Act (34
                                          U.S.C. 11133(a)(9)).

[[Page 31157]]

 
31.303(c)..............................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in the paragraph is updated to
                                          reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 and 2018 amendments.
31.303(c)(1)...........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: This
                                          citation is amended to conform
                                          to proper Code of Federal
                                          Regulations citation form.
31.303(c)(4)...........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in this paragraph is updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 and 2018 amendments.
31.303(c)(5)...........................  OBSOLETE: This paragraph is
                                          removed as obsolete because it
                                          references a report required
                                          by a provision in the Act
                                          (section 223(a)(12)(B)) that
                                          was repealed by the 2002
                                          amendments.
31.303(d)..............................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The term
                                          ``contact,'' for the purposes
                                          of the separation requirement,
                                          is replaced with ``sight or
                                          sound contact'' each place it
                                          appears in this paragraph, to
                                          reflect a change to the
                                          separation requirement in
                                          section 223(a)(12) of the Act
                                          (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(12)), made
                                          by the 2018 amendments.
                                         TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The term
                                          ``incarcerated adults'' is
                                          replaced with ``adult
                                          inmates'' each place it
                                          appears in this paragraph, to
                                          reflect a change to the
                                          separation requirement in
                                          section 223(a)(12) of the Act
                                          (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(12)), made
                                          by the 2002 amendments.
31.303(d)(1)...........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in this paragraph is changed
                                          to reflect that the separation
                                          provision is found in section
                                          223(a)(12) of the Act (34
                                          U.S.C. 11133(a)(12)).
31.303(d)(1)(i)........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The term
                                          ``juvenile offenders'' is not
                                          consistent with the separation
                                          requirement in section
                                          223(a)(12) and is replaced
                                          with the word ``juveniles''
                                          each place it appears in this
                                          paragraph.
                                         OBSOLETE: The term ``contact,''
                                          for the purposes of the
                                          separation requirement, has
                                          been replaced with the term
                                          ``sight or sound contact'' by
                                          the 2018 amendments, at 34
                                          U.S.C. 11133(a)(12), and the
                                          definition of ``contact'' has
                                          been replaced with a
                                          definition of ``sight or sound
                                          contact'' at 34 U.S.C.
                                          11103(25).
                                         OBSOLETE: The term ``contact,''
                                          defined in this regulatory
                                          provision, was replaced with
                                          the term ``sight or sound
                                          contact'' by the 2018
                                          amendments at 34 U.S.C.
                                          11133(a)(12). ``Sight or sound
                                          contact'' is defined at 34
                                          U.S.C. 11103(25), and
                                          expressly excludes contact
                                          that is ``brief and
                                          inadvertent,'' but not contact
                                          that is ``accidental.''
                                         TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          separation requirement
                                          prohibits sight or sound
                                          contact between ``juveniles
                                          alleged to be or found to be
                                          delinquent or those within the
                                          purview of [34 U.S.C.
                                          11133(a)(11)]'' and adult
                                          inmates.
31.303(d)(2)...........................  OBSOLETE: This provision is
                                          removed as obsolete because it
                                          required immediate
                                          implementation at the time
                                          this regulation was
                                          promulgated in 1996 and thus
                                          is no longer meaningful.
31.303(e)(1)...........................  OBSOLETE: The reference to the
                                          date after which states must
                                          describe their plan,
                                          procedure, and timetable for
                                          complying with the jail
                                          removal requirement is deleted
                                          because it has passed and is
                                          no longer meaningful.
                                         OBSOLETE: The second sentence
                                          is deleted because it refers
                                          to section 31.303(f)(4) of
                                          this regulation, which is
                                          removed.
31.303(e)(2)...........................  REDUNDANT: The second sentence
                                          is removed because section
                                          223(a)(13) of the Act (34
                                          U.S.C. 11133(a)(13)) sets
                                          forth the exceptions to the
                                          jail removal requirement.
31.303(e)(3)(i)........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``(e)(3)(i)(C)(1)
                                          through (4)'' is changed to
                                          ``(e)(3)(i)(C)(1), (2), and
                                          (4)'' because (e)(3)(i)(C)(3),
                                          requiring separate staff in
                                          collocated facilities, is
                                          removed.
31.303(e)(3)(i)(A).....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to (e)(3)(i)(C)(3)
                                          is deleted because that
                                          subparagraph is removed.
31.303(e)(3)(i)(B).....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``four'' criteria
                                          is deleted, because
                                          (e)(3)(i)(C)(3) is removed and
                                          there are now only three
                                          criteria.
                                         TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``(e)(3)(i)(C)(1)
                                          through (4)'' is changed to
                                          ``(e)(3)(i)(C)(1), (2), and
                                          (4)'' because (e)(3)(i)(C)(3),
                                          requiring separate staff in
                                          collocated facilities, is
                                          removed.
31.303(e)(3)(i)(C).....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``four'' criteria
                                          is deleted, because
                                          (e)(3)(i)(C)(3) is removed and
                                          there are now only three
                                          criteria.

[[Page 31158]]

 
31.303(e)(3)(i)(C)(1) and (2)..........  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The terms
                                          ``adults'' and ``incarcerated
                                          adults'' are replaced with
                                          ``adult inmates'' each place
                                          they appear in subparagraphs
                                          (C)(1) and (2) to reflect a
                                          change to the separation
                                          requirement in section
                                          223(a)(12) of the Act (34
                                          U.S.C. 11133(a)(12)), made by
                                          the 2002 amendments.
31.303(e)(3)(i)(C)(3)..................  OBSOLETE: This provision is
                                          removed as obsolete because it
                                          is based on a statutory
                                          provision within the
                                          separation requirement
                                          (requiring separate staff)
                                          that was repealed by the 2002
                                          amendments.
31.303(e)(3)(ii).......................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``four'' criteria
                                          is deleted, because
                                          (e)(3)(i)(C)(3) is removed and
                                          there are now only three
                                          criteria. Two words are added
                                          for clarity.
                                         TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``(e)(3)(i)(C)(1)
                                          through (4)'' is changed to
                                          ``(e)(3)(i)(C)(1), (2), and
                                          (4)'' because (e)(3)(i)(C)(3),
                                          requiring separate staff in
                                          collocated facilities, is
                                          removed.
31.303(e)(3)(iii)......................  OBSOLETE: This provision is
                                          removed as obsolete because it
                                          is based on a statutory
                                          provision within the
                                          separation requirement
                                          (requiring separate staff)
                                          that was repealed by the 2002
                                          amendments.
31.303(e)(3)(iv).......................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``(e)(3)(i)(C)(1)
                                          through (4)'' is changed to
                                          ``(e)(3)(i)(C)(1), (2), and
                                          (4)'' because (e)(3)(i)(C)(3),
                                          requiring separate staff in
                                          collocated facilities, is
                                          removed.
31.303(e)(4)...........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in this paragraph is updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(1)...........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in this paragraph is updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(1)(i)(A).....................  ULTRA VIRES: The word
                                          ``residential'' is deleted
                                          because, section 223(a)(14) of
                                          the Act (34 U.S.C. 11133
                                          (a)(14)) requires that States
                                          monitor all ``jails, lock-ups,
                                          detention facilities, and
                                          correctional facilities,''
                                          and, plainly, is not limited
                                          in scope to ``residential''
                                          facilities. Accordingly, the
                                          language in this paragraph
                                          that purports to limit the
                                          reach of the statutory
                                          requirement is ultra vires.
31.303(f)(1)(i)(B).....................  OBSOLETE: In this paragraph the
                                          words ``or nonsecure'' are
                                          deleted because the
                                          requirement at section
                                          223(a)(14) (34 U.S.C.
                                          11133(a)(14)) that states
                                          monitor nonsecure facilities
                                          was repealed by the 2018
                                          amendments.
31.303(f)(1)(i)(C)(2)..................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citations referenced
                                          in this paragraph are updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(1)(i)(D).....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citations referenced
                                          in this paragraph are updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
                                         TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          second clause in the second
                                          sentence is deleted because
                                          the reporting period was
                                          changed to 12 months in the
                                          2017 amendments to the
                                          regulation, at section
                                          31.303(f)(5).
31.303(f)(1)(ii).......................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citations referenced
                                          in this paragraph are updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(1)(iii)......................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citations referenced
                                          in this paragraph are updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(2)...........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in this paragraph is updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(3)(i)........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The term
                                          ``juvenile'' is replaced with
                                          ``status offender'' in each
                                          place that it appears in this
                                          paragraph to reflect a change
                                          in section 223(a)(23) of the
                                          Act (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(23)),
                                          made by the 2018 amendments.
31.303(f)(3)(iii)......................  REDUNDANT: This paragraph,
                                          describing a requirement
                                          related to the valid court
                                          order exception, is removed
                                          because it is redundant; see
                                          section 31.303(f)(3)(v).
31.303(f)(3)(iv).......................  OBSOLETE: This paragraph,
                                          describing requirements that
                                          must be met in order to use
                                          the valid court order (VCO)
                                          exception, is removed as
                                          obsolete because the VCO
                                          requirements are set forth in
                                          section 223(a)(23) of the Act,
                                          as amended in 2002.
31.303(f)(3)(v)(A).....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The term
                                          ``juvenile'' is replaced with
                                          ``status offender'' to reflect
                                          a change in section 223(a)(23)
                                          of the Act (34 U.S.C.
                                          11133(a)(23)), made by the
                                          2018 amendments.

[[Page 31159]]

 
31.303(f)(3)(vi).......................  OBSOLETE: This paragraph,
                                          describing requirements that
                                          must be met in order to use
                                          the valid court order (VCO)
                                          exception, is removed as
                                          obsolete because the VCO
                                          requirements are set forth in
                                          section 223(a)(23) of the Act,
                                          as amended in 2002.
31.303(f)(3)(vii)......................  ULTRA VIRES: This paragraph is
                                          ultra vires because a juvenile
                                          who has violated a valid court
                                          order is not a non-offender
                                          and therefore the provisions
                                          of section 223(a)(11)(A)(ii)
                                          of the Act (relating to non-
                                          offenders) do not apply to
                                          such a juvenile.
31.303(f)(4)...........................  OBSOLETE: This paragraph is
                                          removed as obsolete because
                                          the jail removal requirement
                                          in section 223(a)(13) of the
                                          Act (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(13))
                                          was amended in 2002 to provide
                                          exceptions to the requirement.
31.303(f)(5)...........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citations referenced
                                          in this paragraph are updated
                                          to reflect the 2017
                                          reorganization of title 42 of
                                          the U.S. Code into a new title
                                          34.
31.303(f)(5)(i)........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in this paragraph is updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(5)(i)(D).....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The word
                                          ``Title'' has been changed to
                                          lower case to match the
                                          formatting in the rest of the
                                          part.
31.303(f)(5)(ii).......................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in this paragraph is updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(5)(iii)......................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in this paragraph is updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
                                         TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The term
                                          ``criminal offenders'' is
                                          replaced with ``inmates'' each
                                          place it appears in this
                                          paragraph to reflect a change
                                          to the separation requirement
                                          in section 223(a)(12) of the
                                          Act (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(12)),
                                          made by the 2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(5)(iv).......................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citation referenced
                                          in this paragraph is updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(5)(iv)(F)....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``paragraph
                                          (f)(4)'' (jail removal
                                          exceptions) in this paragraph
                                          is deleted because that
                                          paragraph (section
                                          31.303(f)(4)) is removed.
31.303(f)(5)(iv)(J)....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``paragraph
                                          (f)(4)'' (jail removal
                                          exceptions) in this paragraph
                                          is deleted because that
                                          paragraph (section
                                          31.303(f)(4)) is removed.
31.303(f)(5)(iv)(K)....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``paragraph
                                          (f)(4)'' (jail removal
                                          exceptions) in this paragraph
                                          is deleted because that
                                          paragraph (section
                                          31.303(f)(4)) is removed.
31.303(f)(5)(iv)(L)....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``paragraph
                                          (f)(4)'' (jail removal
                                          exceptions) in this paragraph
                                          is deleted because that
                                          paragraph (section
                                          31.303(f)(4)) is removed.
31.303(f)(5)(iv)(M)....................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          reference to ``paragraph
                                          (f)(4)'' (jail removal
                                          exceptions) in this paragraph
                                          is deleted because that
                                          paragraph (section
                                          31.303(f)(4)) is removed.
31.303(f)(6)(i)........................  OBSOLETE: The numerical
                                          standard used to determine
                                          states' compliance with the
                                          DSO, separation, and jail
                                          removal requirements, based on
                                          their 2016 compliance data, is
                                          no longer meaningful.
31.303(f)(6)(ii).......................  OBSOLETE: The numerical
                                          standard used to determine
                                          states' compliance with the
                                          DSO, separation, and jail
                                          removal requirements, based on
                                          their 2017 compliance data, is
                                          no longer meaningful.
31.303(f)(6)(iii)......................  OBSOLETE: The numerical
                                          standard used to determine
                                          states' compliance with the
                                          DSO, separation, and jail
                                          removal requirements, based on
                                          their 2018 data, is no longer
                                          meaningful. With the removal
                                          of the reference to ``FY
                                          2018,'' the phrase ``and
                                          subsequent years'' is no
                                          longer necessary.
31.303(f)(7)...........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citations referenced
                                          in this paragraph are updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments, and the word
                                          ``Act'' is added after
                                          ``JJDP'' to match the phrasing
                                          in the rest of the part.
31.303(f)(7)(i)........................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citations referenced
                                          in this paragraph are updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.303(f)(7)(ii).......................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          statutory citations referenced
                                          in this paragraph are updated
                                          to reflect renumbering in the
                                          2002 amendments, and the word
                                          ``Sections'' is changed to
                                          lowercase to match the
                                          formatting in the rest of the
                                          part.

[[Page 31160]]

 
31.303(g)..............................  REDUNDANT: This provision is
                                          removed as redundant because
                                          section 223(a)(7) of the Act
                                          sets forth the requirements of
                                          the juvenile crime analysis.
31.303(h)..............................  TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          citation to section 223(a) is
                                          deleted because the correct
                                          reference to the statutory
                                          provision requiring the annual
                                          performance report is provided
                                          immediately following this
                                          deleted text. Additionally,
                                          the correct reference is to a
                                          statutory provision that was
                                          renumbered by the 2002
                                          amendments.
                                         TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          correct citation to the
                                          juvenile crime analysis
                                          requirement is found at
                                          section 223(a)(7) of the Act
                                          (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(7)).
31.303(j)..............................  OBSOLETE: This provision is
                                          removed because the
                                          disproportionate minority
                                          confinement provision was
                                          repealed and replaced with
                                          section 223(a)(22) of the Act
                                          (the disproportionate minority
                                          contact provision) (34 U.S.C.
                                          11133(a)(22)) by the 2002
                                          amendments, which in turn, was
                                          repealed by the 2018
                                          amendments and replaced with
                                          the requirement to reduce
                                          racial and ethnic disparities
                                          in section 233(a)(15) of the
                                          Act (34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(15)).
31.303(k)..............................  OBSOLETE: This provision is
                                          removed as obsolete because
                                          the statutory basis for the
                                          provision was repealed by the
                                          2002 amendments.
31.304.................................  REDUNDANT: Four definitions
                                          have been deleted (section
                                          31.304(h), (m), (n), and (o))
                                          as redundant, because
                                          definitions for these terms
                                          are provided in the Act.
                                         TECHNICAL CORRECTION: The
                                          remaining definitions have
                                          been rearranged in
                                          alphabetical order.
31.304(h)..............................  REDUNDANT: The term ``status
                                          offender'' is defined in
                                          section 103(42) of the Act (34
                                          U.S.C. 11103(42)).
31.304(m)..............................  REDUNDANT: The term ``jail or
                                          lockup for adults'' is defined
                                          in section 103(22) of the Act
                                          (34 U.S.C. 11103(22)).
31.304(n)..............................  REDUNDANT: The term ``jail or
                                          lockup for adults'' is defined
                                          in section 103(22) of the Act
                                          (34 U.S.C. 11103(22)).
31.304(o)..............................  REDUNDANT: The term ``valid
                                          court order'' is defined in
                                          section 103(16) of the Act (34
                                          U.S.C. 11103(16)).
31.400.................................  REDUNDANT: This section is
                                          removed as redundant because
                                          it merely references general
                                          requirements, established
                                          elsewhere, with which states
                                          must comply (without citation
                                          to those requirements). When
                                          accepting a grant award,
                                          states must provide assurances
                                          that they will comply with all
                                          statutory, regulatory, and
                                          other applicable requirements.
31.401.................................  REDUNDANT: This section is
                                          removed as redundant because
                                          it merely references general
                                          requirements, established
                                          elsewhere, with which states
                                          must comply (without citation
                                          to those requirements). When
                                          accepting a grant award,
                                          states must provide assurances
                                          that they will comply with all
                                          statutory, regulatory, and
                                          other applicable requirements.
31.403.................................  REDUNDANT: This section is
                                          removed because it references
                                          general requirements,
                                          established elsewhere, that
                                          are not specific to the
                                          Formula Grants Program and
                                          need not be included in this
                                          regulation.
31.404.................................  REDUNDANT: This section merely
                                          references a requirement
                                          prescribed in 28 CFR part 38.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

List of Subjects in 28 CFR Part 31

    Administrative practice and procedure, juvenile delinquency 
prevention, juvenile justice, Formula Grants Program, Juvenile Justice 
and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDP Act).

    Accordingly, for the reasons set forth in the preamble, part 31 of 
chapter I of title 28 of the Code of Federal Regulations is amended as 
follows:

0
1. The general authority citation for part 31 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C 5611(b); 42 U.S.C. 5631-5633.

0
2. Subpart A is revised to read as follows:
Subpart A--Formula Grants

General Provisions

Sec.
31.1 General.
31.2 Statutory authority.
31.3 [Reserved]

Eligible Applicants

31.100 [Reserved]
31.101 [Reserved]
31.102 [Reserved]
31.103 [Reserved]

General Requirements

31.200 [Reserved]
31.201 [Reserved]
31.202 [Reserved]
31.203 Open meetings and public access to records.

Juvenile Justice Act Requirements

31.300 [Reserved]
31.301 Funding.
31.302 Applicant State agency.
31.303 Substantive requirements.
31.304 Definitions.

General Conditions and Assurances

31.400 [Reserved]
31.401 [Reserved]
31.402 Application on file.
31.403 [Reserved]
31.404 [Reserved]

    Authority:  34 U.S.C. 11111(b); 34 U.S.C. 11131.

[[Page 31161]]

Subpart A--Formula Grants

General Provisions


Sec.  31.1  General.

    (a) This implements subpart I of part B of the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, which authorizes a formula grant 
program.
    (b) In addition to this subpart, other rules or regulations may be 
applicable to the formula grant program described in paragraph (a) of 
this section; see, e.g., 2 CFR part 200 (Uniform Administrative 
Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal 
Awards), as adopted by the Department of Justice through 2 CFR part 
2800 or other applicable regulation; and 28 CFR part 42 
(Nondiscrimination in Federally Assisted Programs--Implementation of 
title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964).
    (c) Unless expressly provided otherwise, any reference in this 
subpart to any provision of Federal law not in this subpart shall be 
understood to constitute a general reference and thus to include any 
subsequent amendments to the provision.


Sec.  31.2  Statutory authority.

    The Statute establishing the Office of Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention and giving authority to make grants for juvenile 
justice and delinquency prevention improvement programs is the Juvenile 
Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, as amended (34 U.S.C. 
11101 et seq.)


Sec.  31.3  [Reserved]

Eligible Applicants


Sec.  31.100  [Reserved]


Sec.  31.101  [Reserved]


Sec.  31.102  [Reserved]


Sec.  31.103  [Reserved]

General Requirements


Sec.  31.200  [Reserved]


Sec.  31.201  [Reserved]


Sec.  31.202  [Reserved]


Sec.  31.203  Open meetings and public access to records.

    The State advisory group established pursuant to section 223(a)(3) 
will follow applicable State open meeting and public access laws and 
regulations in the conduct of meetings and the maintenance of records 
relating to their functions.

Juvenile Justice Act Requirements


Sec.  31.300  [Reserved]


Sec.  31.301  Funding.

    (a) [Reserved]
    (b) Funds for local use. At least two-thirds of the formula grant 
allocation to the state (other than the section 222(d) State Advisory 
Group set aside) must be used for programs by local government, local 
private agencies, and eligible Indian tribes, unless the State applies 
for and is granted a waiver by the OJJDP. The proportion of pass-
through funds to be made available to eligible Indian tribes shall be 
based upon that proportion of the state youth population under 18 years 
of age who reside in geographical areas where the tribes perform law 
enforcement functions.
    (1) [Reserved]
    (2) [Reserved]
    (3) To carry out this requirement, OJJDP will annually provide each 
state with the most recent Bureau of Census statistics on the number of 
persons under age 18 living within the state, and the number of persons 
under age 18 who reside in geographical areas where Indian tribes 
perform law enforcement functions.
    (4) Pass-through funds available to tribal entities under section 
223(a)(5)(C) shall be made available within states to Indian tribes, 
combinations of Indian tribes, or to an organization or organizations 
designated by such tribe(s). Where the relative number of persons under 
age 18 within a geographic area where an Indian tribe performs law 
enforcement functions is too small to warrant an individual subgrant or 
subgrants, the state may, after consultation with the eligible 
tribe(s), make pass-through funds available to a combination of 
eligible tribes within the state, or to an organization or 
organizations designated by and representing a group of qualifying 
tribes, or target the funds on the larger tribal jurisdictions within 
the state.
    (5) [Reserved]
    (c) [Reserved]
    (d) [Reserved]
    (e) Nonparticipating States. Formula grant funds allocated to a 
State which has failed to submit an application, plan, or monitoring 
data establishing its eligibility for the funds will be reallocated to 
the nonparticipating State program on September 30 of the fiscal year 
for which the funds were appropriated. Reallocated funds will be 
competitively awarded to eligible recipients pursuant to program 
announcements.


Sec.  31.302   Applicant State agency.

    (a) [Reserved]
    (b) Advisory group. Pursuant to section 223(a)(3) of the JJDP Act, 
the State shall provide a list of all current advisory group members, 
indicating their respective dates of appointment and how each member 
meets the membership requirements specified in this section of the Act.
    (c) [Reserved]


Sec.  31.303   Substantive requirements.

    (a) [Reserved]
    (b) [Reserved]
    (c) Deinstitutionalization of status offenders and non-offenders 
(DSO). Pursuant to section 223(a) (11) of the JJDP Act, the State 
shall:
    (1) Describe its plan, procedure, and timetable covering the three-
year planning cycle, for assuring that the requirements of this section 
are met. Refer to paragraph (f)(3) of this section for the rules 
related to the valid court order exception to this Act requirement.
    (2) Describe the barriers the State faces in achieving full 
compliance with the provisions of this requirement.
    (3) Apply this requirement to alien juveniles under Federal 
jurisdiction who are held in State or local facilities.
    (4) Those States which, based upon the most recently submitted 
monitoring report, have been found to be in full compliance with 
section 223(a)(11) may, in lieu of addressing paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) 
of this section, provide an assurance that adequate plans and resources 
are available to maintain full compliance.
    (5) [Reserved]
    (d) Separation. (1) Pursuant to section 223(a)(12) of the JJDP Act 
the State shall:
    (i) Describe its plan and procedure, covering the three-year 
planning cycle, for assuring that the requirements of this section are 
met. Separation must be accomplished architecturally or through 
policies and procedures in all secure areas of the facility which 
include, but are not limited to, such areas as admissions, sleeping, 
and shower and toilet areas. Brief and inadvertent sight or sound 
contact between juveniles alleged to be or found to be delinquent or 
those within the purview of 34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(11)(A) and adult inmates 
in secure areas of a facility that are not dedicated to use by 
juveniles and which are nonresidential, which may include dining, 
recreational, educational, vocational, health care, sally ports or 
other entry areas, and passageways (hallways), would not require a 
facility or the State to document or report such contact as a 
violation. However, any contact in a dedicated juvenile area,

[[Page 31162]]

including any residential area of a secure facility, between juveniles 
in a secure custody status and adult inmates would be a reportable 
violation.
    (ii) In those instances where accused juvenile criminal-type 
offenders are authorized to be temporarily detained in facilities where 
adults are confined, the State must set forth the procedures for 
assuring no sight or sound contact between such juveniles and adult 
inmates.
    (iii) Describe the barriers which may hinder the separation of 
alleged or adjudicated criminal type offenders, status offenders and 
non-offenders from adult inmates in any particular jail, lockup, 
detention or correctional facility.
    (iv) Those States which, based upon the most recently submitted 
monitoring report, have been found to be in compliance with section 
223(a)(12) may, in lieu of addressing paragraphs (d)(1)(i), (ii), and 
(iii) of this section, provide an assurance that adequate plans and 
resources are available to maintain compliance.
    (v) Assure that adjudicated delinquents are not reclassified 
administratively and transferred to an adult (criminal) correctional 
authority to avoid the intent of separating juveniles from adult 
criminals in jails or correctional facilities. A State is not 
prohibited from placing or transferring an alleged or adjudicated 
delinquent who reaches the State's age of full criminal responsibility 
to an adult facility when required or authorized by State law. However, 
the administrative transfer, without statutory direction or 
authorization, of a juvenile offender to an adult correctional 
authority, or a transfer within a mixed juvenile and adult facility for 
placement with adult criminals, either before or after a juvenile 
reaches the age of full criminal responsibility, is prohibited. A State 
is also precluded from transferring adult offenders to a juvenile 
correctional authority for placement in a juvenile facility. This 
neither prohibits nor restricts the waiver or transfer of a juvenile to 
criminal court for prosecution, in accordance with State law, for a 
criminal felony violation, nor the detention or confinement of a waived 
or transferred criminal felony violator in an adult facility.
    (2) [Reserved]
    (e) Removal of juveniles from adult jails and lockups. Pursuant to 
section 223(a)(13) of the JJDP Act, the State shall:
    (1) Describe its plan, procedure, and timetable for assuring that 
requirements of this section will be met.
    (2) Describe the barriers that a State faces in removing all 
juveniles from adult jails and lockups, except as provided in section 
223(a)(13).
    (3)(i) Determine whether or not a facility in which juveniles are 
detained or confined is an adult jail or lockup. The JJDP Act prohibits 
the detention of juveniles in adult jails and lockups, except as 
otherwise provided under the Act and implementing OJJDP regulations. 
Juvenile facilities collocated with adult facilities are considered 
adult jails or lockups absent compliance with criteria established in 
paragraphs (e)(3)(i)(C)(1), (2), and (4) of this section.
    (A) A collocated facility is a juvenile facility located in the 
same building as an adult jail or lockup, or is part of a related 
complex of buildings located on the same grounds as an adult jail or 
lockup. A complex of buildings is considered ``related'' when it shares 
physical features such as walls and fences, or services beyond 
mechanical services (heating, air conditioning, water and sewer).
    (B) The State must determine whether a collocated facility 
qualifies as a separate juvenile detention facility under the criteria 
set forth in paragraphs (e)(3)(i)(C)(1), (2), and (4) of this section 
for the purpose of monitoring compliance with section 223(a)(12)(A), 
(13) and (14) of the JJDP Act.
    (C) Each of the following criteria must be met in order to ensure 
the requisite separateness of a juvenile detention facility that is 
collocated with an adult jail or lockup:
    (1) Separation between juveniles and adult inmates such that there 
could be no sustained sight or sound contact between juveniles and 
adult inmates in the facility. Separation can be achieved 
architecturally or through time-phasing of common use nonresidential 
areas; and
    (2) Separate juvenile and adult programs, including recreation, 
education, vocation, counseling, dining, sleeping, and general living 
activities. There must be an independent and comprehensive operational 
plan for the juvenile detention facility which provides for a full 
range of separate program services. No program activities may be shared 
by juveniles and adult inmates. Time-phasing of common use 
nonresidential areas is permissible to conduct program activities. 
Equipment and other resources may be used by both populations subject 
to security concerns; and
    (3) [Reserved.]
    (4) In States that have established standards or licensing 
requirements for juvenile detention facilities, the juvenile facility 
must meet the standards (on the same basis as a free-standing juvenile 
detention center) and be licensed as appropriate. If there are no State 
standards or licensing requirements, OJJDP encourages States to 
establish administrative requirements that authorize the State to 
review the facility's physical plant, staffing patterns, and programs 
in order to approve the collocated facility based on prevailing 
national juvenile detention standards.
    (ii) The State must determine that all of the criteria are fully 
met. It is incumbent upon the State to make the determination through 
an on-site facility (or full construction and operations plan) review 
and, through the exercise of its oversight responsibility, to ensure 
that the separate character of the juvenile detention facility is 
maintained by continuing to fully meet the criteria set forth in 
paragraphs (e)(3)(i)(C)(1), (2), and (4) of this section.
    (iii) [Reserved]
    (iv) An annual on-site review of the facility must be conducted by 
the compliance monitoring staff person(s) representing or employed by 
the State agency administering the JJDP Act Formula Grants Program. The 
purpose of the annual review is to determine if compliance with the 
criteria set forth in paragraphs (e)(3)(i)(C)(1), (2), and (4) of this 
section is being maintained.
    (4) Those States which, based upon the most recently submitted 
monitoring report, have been found to be in full compliance with 
section 223(a)(13) may, in lieu of addressing paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) 
of this section, provide an assurance that adequate plans and resources 
are available to maintain full compliance.
    (f) Monitoring of jails, detention facilities and correctional 
facilities. (1) Elements of a compliance monitoring system. Pursuant to 
section 223(a)(14) of the JJDP Act, and except as provided by paragraph 
(f)(7) of this section, the State shall:
    (i) Describe its plan, procedure, and timetable for annually 
monitoring jails, lockups, detention facilities, and correctional 
facilities. The plan must at a minimum describe in detail each of the 
following tasks including the identification of the specific agency(s) 
responsible for each task.
    (A) Identification of monitoring universe: This refers to the 
identification of all facilities which might hold juveniles pursuant to 
public authority and thus must be classified to determine if it should 
be included in the monitoring effort. This includes those facilities 
owned or operated by public and private agencies.

[[Page 31163]]

    (B) Classification of the monitoring universe: This is the 
classification of all facilities to determine which ones should be 
considered as a secure detention or correctional facility, adult 
correctional institution, jail, lockup, or other type of secure 
facility.
    (C) Inspection of facilities: Inspection of facilities is necessary 
to ensure an accurate assessment of each facility's classification and 
record keeping. The inspection must include:
    (1) A review of the physical accommodations to determine whether it 
is a secure or non-secure facility or whether adequate sight and sound 
separation between juvenile and adult offenders exists and
    (2) A review of the record keeping system to determine whether 
sufficient data are maintained to determine compliance with section 
223(a)(11), (12) and/or (13).
    (D) Data collection and data verification: This is the actual 
collection and reporting of data to determine whether the facility is 
in compliance with the applicable requirement(s) of section 223(a)(11), 
(12) and/or (13). The length of the reporting period should be 12 
months of data. If the data is self-reported by the facility or is 
collected and reported by an agency other than the State agency 
designated pursuant to section 223(a)(1) of the JJDP Act, the plan must 
describe a statistically valid procedure used to verify the reported 
data.
    (ii) Provide a description of the barriers which the State faces in 
implementing and maintaining a monitoring system to report the level of 
compliance with section 223(a)(11), (12), and (13) and how it plans to 
overcome such barriers.
    (iii) Describe procedures established for receiving, investigating, 
and reporting complaints of violation of section 223(a)(11), (12), and 
(13). This should include both legislative and administrative 
procedures and sanctions.
    (2) Monitoring for compliance with DSO. For the purpose of 
monitoring for compliance with section 223(a)(11)(A) of the Act, a 
secure detention or correctional facility is any secure public or 
private facility used for the lawful custody of accused or adjudicated 
juvenile offenders or nonoffenders, or used for the lawful custody of 
accused or convicted adult criminal offenders. Accused status offenders 
or nonoffenders in lawful custody can be held in a secure juvenile 
detention facility for up to twenty-four hours, exclusive of weekends 
and holidays, prior to an initial court appearance and for an 
additional twenty-four hours, exclusive of weekends and holidays, 
following an initial court appearance.
    (3) Valid court order. For the purpose of determining whether a 
valid court order exists and a juvenile has been found to be in 
violation of that valid order all of the following conditions (in 
addition to the requirements set out in section 223(a)(23) of the Act) 
must be satisfied prior to secure incarceration:
    (i) The juvenile must have been brought into a court of competent 
jurisdiction and made subject to an order issued pursuant to proper 
authority. The order must be one which regulates future conduct of the 
juvenile. Prior to issuance of the order, the juvenile must have 
received the full due process rights guaranteed by the Constitution of 
the United States.
    (ii) The court must have entered a judgment and/or remedy in accord 
with established legal principles based on the facts after a hearing 
which observes proper procedures.
    (iii) [Reserved]
    (iv) [Reserved]
    (v) Prior to and during the violation hearing the following full 
due process rights must be provided:
    (A) The right to have the charges against the juvenile in writing 
served upon him a reasonable time before the hearing;
    (B) The right to a hearing before a court;
    (C) The right to an explanation of the nature and consequences of 
the proceeding;
    (D) The right to legal counsel, and the right to have such counsel 
appointed by the court if indigent;
    (E) The right to confront witnesses;
    (F) The right to present witnesses;
    (G) The right to have a transcript or record of the proceedings; 
and
    (H) The right of appeal to an appropriate court.
    (vi) [Reserved]
    (4) [Reserved]
    (5) Reporting requirement. The State shall report annually to the 
Administrator of OJJDP on the results of monitoring for the core 
requirements in the JJDPA at 34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(11), (12), and (13). 
The reporting period should provide 12 months of data for each federal 
fiscal year, for 85% of facilities within the State that are required 
to report compliance data, and States must extrapolate and report, in a 
statistically valid manner, data for the remaining 15% of facilities. 
The report shall be submitted to the Administrator of OJJDP by February 
28 of each year, except that the Administrator may grant an extension 
of the reporting deadline to March 31st, for good cause, upon request 
by a State.
    (i) To demonstrate the extent of compliance with section 
223(a)(11)(A) of the JJDP Act, the report must include, at a minimum, 
the following information for the current reporting period:
    (A) Dates covered by the current reporting period;
    (B) Total number of public and private secure detention and 
correctional facilities, the total number reporting, and the number 
inspected on-site;
    (C) The total number of accused status offenders and nonoffenders, 
including out-of-State runaways and Federal wards, held in any secure 
detention or correctional facility for longer than twenty-four hours 
(not including weekends or holidays), excluding those held pursuant to 
the valid court order provision as set forth in paragraph (f)(3) of 
this section or pursuant to section 922(x) of title 18, United States 
Code (which prohibits the possession of a handgun by a juvenile), or a 
similar State law. A juvenile who violates this statute, or a similar 
state law, is excepted from the deinstitutionalization of status 
offenders requirement;
    (D) The total number of accused status offenders (including valid 
court order violators, out of state runaways, and Federal wards, but 
excluding title 18 922(x) violators) and nonoffenders detained in any 
adult jail, lockup, or nonapproved collocated facility for any length 
of time;
    (E) The total number of adjudicated status offenders and 
nonoffenders, including out-of-state runaways and Federal wards, held 
for any length of time in a secure detention or correctional facility, 
excluding those held pursuant to the valid court order provision or 
pursuant to title 18 U.S.C. 922(x);
    (F) The total number of status offenders held in any secure 
detention or correctional facility pursuant to the valid court order 
provision set forth in paragraph (f)(3) of this section; and
    (G) The total number of juvenile offenders held pursuant to title 
18 U.S.C. 922(x).
    (ii) To demonstrate the extent to which the provisions of section 
223(a)(11)(B) of the JJDP Act are being met, the report must include 
the total number of accused and adjudicated status offenders and 
nonoffenders placed in facilities that are:
    (A) Not near their home community;
    (B) Not the least restrictive appropriate alternative; and
    (C) Not community-based.
    (iii) To demonstrate the extent of compliance with section 
223(a)(12) of the JJDP Act, the report must include, at

[[Page 31164]]

a minimum, the following information for the current reporting period:
    (A) Dates covered by the current reporting period;
    (B) The total number of facilities used to detain or confine both 
juvenile offenders and adult inmates during the past 12 months and the 
number inspected on-site;
    (C) The total number of facilities used for detention and 
confinement of both juvenile offenders and adult inmates which did not 
provide sight and sound separation;
    (D) The total number of juvenile offenders and nonoffenders not 
separated from adult inmates in facilities used for the detention and 
confinement of both juveniles and adults;
    (E) The total number of State approved juvenile detention centers 
located within the same building or on the same grounds as an adult 
jail or lockup, including a list of such facilities;
    (F) The total number of juveniles detained in State approved 
collocated facilities that were not separated from the management, 
security or direct care staff of the adult jail or lockup;
    (G) The total number of juvenile detention centers located within 
the same building or on the same grounds as an adult jail or lockup 
that have not been approved by the State, including a list of such 
facilities; and
    (H) The total number of juveniles detained in collocated facilities 
not approved by the State that were not sight and sound separated from 
adult inmates.
    (iv) To demonstrate the extent of compliance with section 
223(a)(13) of the JJDP Act, the report must include, at a minimum, the 
following information for the current reporting period:
    (A) Dates covered by the current reporting period;
    (B) The total number of adult jails in the State AND the number 
inspected on-site;
    (C) The total number of adult lockups in the State AND the number 
inspected on-site;
    (D) The total number of adult jails holding juveniles during the 
past twelve months;
    (E) The total number of adult lockups holding juveniles during the 
past twelve months;
    (F) The total number of accused juvenile criminal-type offenders 
detained in adult jails, lockups, and unapproved collocated facilities 
in excess of six hours, including those held pursuant to the ``removal 
exception'' as set forth in 34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(13)(B);
    (G) The total number of accused juvenile criminal-type offenders 
detained in adult jails, lockups and unapproved collocated facilities 
for less than six hours for purposes other than identification, 
investigations, processing, release to parent(s), transfer to court, or 
transfer to a juvenile facility following initial custody;
    (H) The total number of adjudicated juvenile criminal-type 
offenders detained in adult jails or lockups and unapproved collocated 
facilities in excess of six hours prior to or following a court 
appearance or for any length of time not related to a court appearance;
    (I) The total number of accused and adjudicated status offenders 
(including valid court order violators) and nonoffenders detained in 
adult jails, lockups and unapproved collocated facilities for any 
length of time;
    (J) The total number of adult jails, lockups, and unapproved 
collocated facilities in areas meeting the ``removal exception'' as 
noted in 34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(13)(B), including a list of such facilities 
and the county or jurisdiction in which each is located;
    (K) The total number of juveniles accused of a criminal-type 
offense who were held in excess of six hours but less than 24 hours in 
adult jails, lockups and unapproved collocated facilities pursuant to 
the ``removal exception'' as set forth in 34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(13)(B);
    (L) The total number of juveniles accused of a criminal-type 
offense who were held in excess of 24 hours, but not more than an 
additional 48 hours, in adult jails, lockups and unapproved collocated 
facilities pursuant to the ``removal exception'' as noted in 34 U.S.C. 
11133(a)(13)(B), due to conditions of distance or lack of ground 
transportation; and
    (M) The total number of juveniles accused of a criminal-type 
offense who were held in excess of 24 hours, but not more than an 
additional 24 hours after the time such conditions as adverse weather 
allow for reasonably safe travel, in adult jails, lockups and 
unapproved collocated facilities, in areas meeting the ``removal 
exception'' as noted in 34 U.S.C. 11133(a)(13)(B).
    (6) Compliance. The State must demonstrate the extent to which the 
requirements of sections 223(a)(11), (12), and (13) of the Act are met.
    (i) [Reserved]
    (ii) [Reserved]
    (iii) In determining the compliance standards to be applied to 
States' compliance monitoring data, the Administrator shall take the 
average of the States' compliance monitoring data from not less than 
two years prior to the compliance reporting period with respect to 
which the compliance determination will be made (removing, when 
applicable, one negative outlier in each data collection period for 
DSO, separation, and jail removal) and apply a standard deviation of 
not less than one to establish the compliance standards to be applied, 
except that the Administrator may make adjustments to the methodology 
described in this paragraph as he deems necessary and shall post the 
compliance standards on OJJDP's website by August 31st of each year.
    (7) Monitoring report exemption. States which have been determined 
by the OJJDP Administrator to have achieved full compliance with 
sections 223(a)(11)(A), (a)(13), and compliance with section 223(a)(12) 
of the JJDP Act and wish to be exempted from the annual monitoring 
report requirements must submit a written request to the OJJDP 
Administrator which demonstrates that:
    (i) The State provides for an effective system of monitoring jails, 
law enforcement lockup, detention facilities, to enable an annual 
determination of State compliance with sections 223(a)(11)(A), (12), 
and (13) of the JJDP Act;
    (ii) State legislation has been enacted which conforms to the 
requirements of sections 223(a)(11)(A), (12), and (13) of the JJDP Act; 
and
    (iii) The enforcement of the legislation is statutorily or 
administratively prescribed, specifically providing that:
    (A) Authority for enforcement of the statute is assigned;
    (B) Time frames for monitoring compliance with the statute are 
specified; and
    (C) Adequate procedures are set forth for enforcement of the 
statute and the imposition of sanctions for violations.
    (g) [Reserved]
    (h) Annual performance report. Pursuant to section 223(a)(22)(B), 
the State plan shall provide for submission of an annual performance 
report. The State shall report on its progress in the implementation of 
the approved programs, described in the three-year plan. The 
performance indicators will serve as the objective criteria for a 
meaningful assessment of progress toward achievement of measurable 
goals. The annual performance report shall describe progress made in 
addressing the problem of serious juvenile crime, as documented in the 
juvenile crime analysis pursuant to section 223(a)(7). The annual 
performance report must be submitted to OJJDP no later than June 30 and 
address all formula grant activities carried out during the previous 
complete calendar year, federal fiscal year, or State fiscal year for 
which

[[Page 31165]]

information is available, regardless of which year's formula grant 
funds were used to support the activities being reported on, e.g., 
during a reporting period, activities may have been funded from two or 
more formula grant awards.
    (i) Technical assistance. States shall include, within their plan, 
a description of technical assistance needs. Specific direction 
regarding the development and inclusion of all technical assistance 
needs and priorities will be provided in the ``Application Kit for 
Formula Grants under the JJDPA.''
    (j) [Reserved]
    (k) [Reserved]


Sec.  31.304  Definitions.

    (a) Criminal-type offender. A juvenile offender who has been 
charged with or adjudicated for conduct which would, under the law of 
the jurisdiction in which the offense was committed, be a crime if 
committed by an adult.
    (b) Detain or confine means to hold, keep, or restrain a person 
such that he is not free to leave, or such that a reasonable person 
would believe that he is not free to leave, except that a juvenile held 
by law enforcement solely for the purpose of returning him to his 
parent or guardian or pending his transfer to the custody of a child 
welfare or social service agency is not detained or confined within the 
meaning of this definition.
    (c) Facility. A place, an institution, a building or part thereof, 
set of buildings or an area whether or not enclosing a building or set 
of buildings which is used for the lawful custody and treatment of 
juveniles and may be owned and/or operated by public and private 
agencies.
    (d) Juvenile offender. An individual subject to the exercise of 
juvenile court jurisdiction for purposes of adjudication and treatment 
based on age and offense limitations by defined as State law, i.e., a 
criminal-type offender or a status offender.
    (e) Juvenile who has been adjudicated as having committed an 
offense. A juvenile with respect to whom the juvenile court has 
determined that such juvenile is a juvenile offender, i.e., a criminal-
type offender or a status offender.
    (f) Juvenile who is accused of having committed an offense. A 
juvenile with respect to whom a petition has been filed in the juvenile 
court or other action has occurred alleging that such juvenile is a 
juvenile offender, i.e., a criminal-type offender or a status offender, 
and no final adjudication has been made by the juvenile court.
    (g) Lawful custody. The exercise of care, supervision and control 
over a juvenile offender or non-offender pursuant to the provisions of 
the law or of a judicial order or decree.
    (h) Local private agency. For the purposes of the pass-through 
requirement of section 223(a)(5), a local private agency is defined as 
a private non-profit agency or organization that provides program 
services within an identifiable unit or a combination of units of 
general local government.
    (i) Non-offender. A juvenile who is subject to the jurisdiction of 
the juvenile court, usually under abuse, dependency, or neglect 
statutes for reasons other than legally prohibited conduct of the 
juvenile.
    (j) Other individual accused of having committed a criminal 
offense. An individual, adult or juvenile, who has been charged with 
committing a criminal offense in a court exercising criminal 
jurisdiction.
    (k) Other individual convicted of a criminal offense. An 
individual, adult or juvenile, who has been convicted of a criminal 
offense in court exercising criminal jurisdiction.
    (l) Private agency. A private non-profit agency, organization or 
institution is:
    (1) Any corporation, foundation, trust, association, cooperative, 
or accredited institution of higher education not under public 
supervision or control; and
    (2) Any other agency, organization or institution which operates 
primarily for scientific, education, service, charitable, or similar 
public purposes, but which is not under public supervision or control, 
and no part of the net earnings of which inures or may lawfully inure 
to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual, and which has 
been held by IRS to be tax-exempt under the provisions of section 
501(c)(3) of the 1954 Internal Revenue Code.
    (m) Secure. As used to define a detention or correctional facility 
this term includes residential facilities which include construction 
features designed to physically restrict the movements and activities 
of persons in custody such as locked rooms and buildings, fences, or 
other physical structures. It does not include facilities where 
physical restriction of movement or activity is provided solely through 
facility staff.

General Conditions and Assurances


Sec.  31.400  [Reserved]


Sec.  31.401  [Reserved]


Sec.  31.402  Application on file.

    Any Federal funds awarded pursuant to an application must be 
distributed and expended pursuant to and in accordance with the 
programs contained in the applicant State's current approved 
application. Any departures therefrom, other than to the extent 
permitted by current program and fiscal regulations and guidelines, 
must be submitted for advance approval by the Administrator of OJJDP.


Sec.  31.403  [Reserved]


Sec.  31.404  [Reserved]

    Dated: May 12, 2021.
Maureen A. Henneberg,
Acting Assistant Attorney General, Office of Justice Programs.
[FR Doc. 2021-10435 Filed 6-10-21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4410-18-P