[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 1 (Monday, January 4, 2021)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 4-25]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-27662]


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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

10 CFR Part 431

[EERE-2017-BT-TP-0047]
RIN 1904-AE18


Energy Conservation Program: Test Procedures for Small Electric 
Motors and Electric Motors

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of 
Energy.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: In this final rule, the Department of Energy (``DOE'') is 
further harmonizing its test procedures with industry practice by 
updating a currently incorporated testing standard to reference that 
standard's latest version, incorporating a new industry

[[Page 5]]

testing standard that manufacturers would be permitted to use in 
addition to those industry standards currently incorporated by 
reference, and harmonizing certain test conditions with current 
industry standards to improve the comparability of test results for 
small electric motors. None of these changes would affect the measured 
average full-load efficiency of small electric motors or the measured 
nominal full-load efficiency of electric motors when compared to the 
current test procedures.

DATES: The effective date of this rule is February 3, 2021. The final 
rule changes will be mandatory for product testing starting July 6, 
2021. The incorporation by reference of certain publications listed in 
the rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register on 
February 3, 2021. The incorporation by reference of certain other 
publications listed in this rulemaking was approved by the Director of 
the Federal Register on June 4, 2012.

ADDRESSES: The docket, which includes Federal Register notices, public 
meeting attendee lists and transcripts, comments, and other supporting 
documents/materials, is available for review at http://www.regulations.gov. All documents in the docket are listed in the 
http://www.regulations.gov index. However, some documents listed in the 
index, such as those containing information that is exempt from public 
disclosure, may not be publicly available.
    A link to the docket web page can be found at https://www.regulations.gov/docket?D=EERE-2017-BT-TP-0047. The docket web page 
contains instructions on how to access all documents, including public 
comments, in the docket.
    For further information on how to review the docket contact the 
Appliance and Equipment Standards Program staff at (202) 287-1445 or by 
email: [email protected].

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 
Mr. Jeremy Dommu, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office, EE-2J, 
1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: 
(202) 586-9870. Email: [email protected].
    Mr. Michael Kido, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the General 
Counsel, GC-33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20585-0121. 
Telephone: (202) 586-8145. Email: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:  DOE maintains or updates previously 
approved incorporations by reference and newly incorporates by 
reference the following industry standards into 10 CFR part 431:

Canadian Standards Association (``CSA'') C390-10, ``Test methods, 
marking requirements, and energy efficiency levels for three-phase 
induction motors,'' March 2010.
CSA C747-09, ``Energy efficiency test methods for small motors,'' 
October 2009.

    Copies of CSA C390-10 and CSA C747-09 can be obtained from 
Canadian Standards Association, Sales Department, 5060 Spectrum Way, 
Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, L4W 5N6, Canada, 1-800-463-6727, or 
by visiting http://www.shopcsa.ca/onlinestore/welcome.asp.

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (``IEEE'') 112-
2017, ``IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors 
and Generators,'' approved December 6, 2017.
IEEE 114-2010, ``Test Procedure for Single-Phase Induction Motors,'' 
approved September 30, 2010.

    Copies of IEEE 112-2017 and IEEE 114-2010 can be obtained from 
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, 
P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, (732) 981-0060, or by 
visiting http://www.ieee.org.

International Electrotechnical Commission (``IEC'') 60034-1:2010, 
Edition 12.0 2010-02, ``Rotating electric machines--Part 1: Rating 
and performance.''
IEC 60034-2-1:2014, Edition 2.0 2014-06, ``Rotating electrical 
machines--Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining losses and 
their efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction 
vehicles).''
IEC 60051-1:2016, Edition 6.0 2016-02, ``Direct acting indicating 
analogue electrical measuring instruments and their accessories--
Part 1: Definitions and general requirements common to all parts.''

    Copies of IEC 60034-2-1:2014, IEC 60034-1:2010, and IEC 60051-
1:2016 may be purchased from International Electrotechnical 
Commission, 3 rue de Varemb[eacute], 1st Floor, P.O. Box 131, CH--
1211 Geneva 20--Switzerland, +41 22 919 02 11, or by visiting 
https://webstore.iec.ch/home.

National Electrical Manufacturers Association (``NEMA'') MG 1-2016, 
``American National Standard for Motors and Generators (``NEMA MG 1-
2016''), ANSI approved June 1, 2018.

    Copies of NEMA MG 1-2016 may be purchases from National 
Electrical Manufacturers Association, 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 
900, Arlington, Virginia 22209, +1 703 841 3200, or by visiting 
https://www.nema.org.

    For a further discussion of these standards, see section IV.O.

Table of Contents

I. Authority and Background
    A. Authority
    B. Background
II. Synopsis of the Final Rule
III. Discussion
    A. Scope of the Test Procedures for Currently Regulated Small 
Electric Motors and Electric Motors
    1. Definition of ``Small Electric Motor''
    2. Scope of the Small Electric Motor Test Procedure
    3. Scope of the Electric Motor Test Procedure
    B. Industry Standards
    1. IEEE 112-2017
    2. IEC 60034-2-1:2014
    C. Rated Output Power and Breakdown Torque of Small Electric 
Motors
    D. Rated Values Specified for Testing Small Electric Motors
    1. Rated Frequency
    2. Rated Load
    3. Rated Voltage
    E. Effective and Compliance Date
    F. Test Procedure Costs and Impacts
    1. Cost Impacts for Small Electric Motors
    2. Cost Impacts for Electric Motors
    3. Additional Amendments
IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
    A. Review Under Executive Order 12866
    B. Review Under Executive Orders 13771 and 13777
    C. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
    D. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
    E. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
    F. Review Under Executive Order 13132
    G. Review Under Executive Order 12988
    H. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
    I. Review Under the Treasury and General Government 
Appropriations Act, 1999
    J. Review Under Executive Order 12630
    K. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations 
Act, 2001
    L. Review Under Executive Order 13211
    M. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration 
Act of 1974
    N. Congressional Notification
    O. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference
IV. Approval of the Office of the Secretary

I. Authority and Background

    The Department of Energy (``DOE'') is authorized to establish and 
amend energy conservation standards and test procedures for small 
electric motors and electric motors.\1\ (42 U.S.C. 6311(1)(A); 42 
U.S.C. 6317(b)) The current DOE test procedures for small electric 
motors appear at subpart X, part 431 of Title 10 of the Code of Federal 
Regulations (``CFR''). See 10 CFR 431.444. The current DOE test 
procedures for electric motors appear in appendix B to subpart

[[Page 6]]

B of 10 CFR part 431 (``Appendix B''). The following sections discuss 
DOE's authority to amend test procedures for small electric motors and 
electric motors, as well as relevant background information regarding 
DOE's consideration of test procedures for these motors.
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    \1\ EPCA authorized DOE to prescribe test procedures and energy 
conservation standards for small electric motors pending a 
determination of feasibility and justification (42 U.S.C. 6317(b)), 
completed on July 10, 2006. 71 FR 38799. DOE is obligated to review 
(and amend as needed) its test procedures and standards under 42 
U.S.C. 6314(a) and 6316(a).
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A. Authority

    The Energy Policy and Conservation Act, as amended (``EPCA'') \2\ 
(42 U.S.C. 6291-6317), among other things, authorizes DOE to regulate 
the energy efficiency of a number of consumer products and industrial 
equipment. Title III, Part C \3\ of EPCA, added by Title IV, section 
441(a) of the National Energy Conservation Policy Act (Pub. L. 95-619 
(Nov. 9, 1978)), established the Energy Conservation Program for 
Certain Industrial Equipment, which set forth a variety of provisions 
designed to improve the energy efficiency of certain industrial 
equipment. Later, the Energy Policy Act of 1992, Public Law 102-486 
(October 24, 1992), further amended EPCA by adding, among other things, 
provisions governing the regulation of small electric motors. EPCA was 
further amended by the American Energy Manufacturing Technical 
Corrections Act, Public Law 112-210 (December 18, 2012), which 
explicitly permitted DOE to examine the possibility of regulating 
``other motors'' in addition to those electric and small electric 
motors that Congress had already otherwise defined and required DOE to 
regulate. (42 U.S.C. 6311(1)(A), 42 U.S.C. 6311(2)(B)(xiii); 42 U.S.C. 
6317(b))
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    \2\ All references to EPCA in this document refer to the statute 
as amended through America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018, 
Public Law 115-270 (Oct. 23, 2018).
    \3\ For editorial purposes, upon codification into the U.S. 
Code, Part C was re-designated as Part A-1.
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    The energy conservation program under EPCA consists essentially of 
four parts: (1) Testing, (2) labeling, (3) Federal energy conservation 
standards, and (4) certification and enforcement procedures. Relevant 
provisions of EPCA include definitions (42 U.S.C. 6311), test 
procedures (42 U.S.C. 6314), labeling provisions (42 U.S.C. 6315), 
energy conservation standards (42 U.S.C. 6313), and the authority to 
require information and reports from manufacturers (42 U.S.C. 6316). 
EPCA includes specific authority for DOE to establish test procedures 
and standards for small electric motors. (42 U.S.C. 6317(b))
    Federal energy efficiency requirements for covered equipment 
established under EPCA generally supersede State laws and regulations 
concerning energy conservation testing, labeling, and standards. (42 
U.S.C. 6316(a) and (b); 42 U.S.C. 6297)
    The Federal testing requirements consist of test procedures that 
manufacturers of covered equipment must use as the basis for: (1) 
Certifying to DOE that their equipment complies with the applicable 
energy conservation standards adopted pursuant to EPCA (42 U.S.C. 
6316(a); 42 U.S.C. 6295(s)), and (2) making representations about the 
efficiency of that equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6314(d)) Similarly, DOE uses 
these test procedures to determine whether the equipment complies with 
relevant standards promulgated under EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6316(a); 42 
U.S.C. 6295(s))
    Under 42 U.S.C. 6314, EPCA sets forth criteria and procedures for 
prescribing and amending test procedures for covered equipment. EPCA 
provides in relevant part that any test procedures prescribed or 
amended under this section must be reasonably designed to produce test 
results which reflect the energy efficiency, energy use, or estimated 
annual operating cost of covered equipment during a representative 
average use cycle and requires that test procedures not be unduly 
burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(2))
    In addition, if DOE determines that a test procedure amendment is 
warranted, it must publish test procedures and offer the public an 
opportunity to present oral and written comments on them. (42 U.S.C. 
6314(b))
    EPCA also requires that, at least once every 7 years, DOE evaluate 
test procedures for each type of covered equipment including small 
electric motors to determine whether amended test procedures would more 
accurately or fully comply with the requirements for the test 
procedures to not be unduly burdensome to conduct and be reasonably 
designed to produce test results that reflect the energy efficiency, 
energy use, and estimated operating costs during a representative 
average use cycle. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(1)) If the Secretary determines 
that a test procedure amendment is warranted, the Secretary must 
publish test procedures in the Federal Register and afford interested 
persons an opportunity (of not less than 45 days' duration) to present 
oral and written data, views, and arguments on the test procedures. (42 
U.S.C. 6314(b)) DOE is publishing this final rule to satisfy the 7-year 
review requirement for small electric motors specified in EPCA, which 
requires that DOE publish either a final rule amending the test 
procedures or a determination that amended test procedures are not 
required. (42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(1)(A)) This final rule also responds to 
petitions for rulemaking received from the National Electrical 
Manufacturers Association (``NEMA'') and Underwriters Laboratory 
(``UL'') pertaining to small electric motors and electric motors. (See 
section I.B)

B. Background

    EPCA defines ``small electric motor,'' as ``a NEMA general purpose 
alternating current single-speed induction motor, built in a two-digit 
frame number series in accordance with NEMA Standards Publication MG 1-
1987.'' (42 U.S.C. 6311(13)(G)) EPCA directed DOE to establish a test 
procedure for those small electric motors for which DOE makes a 
determination that energy conservation standards would be 
technologically feasible and economically justified and would result in 
significant energy savings. (42 U.S.C. 6317(b)(1)) On July 10, 2006, 
DOE published its determination that energy conservation standards for 
certain polyphase and certain single-phase, capacitor-start, induction-
run, small electric motors are technologically feasible and 
economically justified, and would result in significant energy savings. 
71 FR 38799. DOE later adopted test procedures for small electric 
motors. 74 FR 32059 (July 7, 2009) (``July 2009 final rule''). EPCA 
also required that following establishment of the required test 
procedures, DOE establish energy conservation standards for those small 
electric motors for which test procedures were prescribed. (42 U.S.C. 
6317(b)(2)) DOE complied with this requirement when it established 
energy conservation standards for small electric motors. 75 FR 10874 
(March 9, 2010) (``March 2010 final rule'').\4\
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    \4\ A technical correction was published on April 5, 2010, to 
correct the compliance date. 75 FR 17036.
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    Subsequently, DOE published an update to the test procedures for 
small electric motors on May 4, 2012. 77 FR 26608. The test procedures 
for small electric motors appear at 10 CFR 431.444, and incorporate 
certain industry standards from the Institute of Electrical and 
Electronics Engineers (``IEEE'') and Canadian Standards Association 
(``CSA''), as listed in Table I-1.

[[Page 7]]



  Table I-1--Industry Standards Currently Incorporated by Reference for
                          Small Electric Motors
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         Equipment description               Industry test procedure
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Single-phase small electric motors.....  IEEE 114-2010, CSA C747-09.
Polyphase small electric motors less     IEEE 112-2004 Test Method A,
 than or equal to 1 horsepower.           CSA C747-09.
Polyphase small electric motors greater  IEEE 112-2004 Test Method B,
 than 1 horsepower.                       CSA C390-10.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    More recently, DOE published a request for information pertaining 
to the test procedures for small electric motors and electric motors in 
July 2017. 82 FR 35468 (July 31, 2017) (``July 2017 RFI''). In the July 
2017 RFI, DOE solicited public comments, data, and information on all 
aspects of, and any issues or problems with, the existing DOE test 
procedure for small electric motors, including on any needed updates or 
revisions. DOE also discussed potential categories of electric motors 
(as defined at 10 CFR 431.12) that may be considered in future DOE test 
procedures. 82 FR 35470-35474. At the request of commenters, DOE 
extended the comment period for the July 2017 RFI in a notice published 
on August 30, 2017. 82 FR 41179.
    Separate from the July 2017 RFI, NEMA and Underwriter Laboratories 
(``UL'') independently submitted written petitions requesting that 
certain portions of International Electrotechnical Commission (``IEC'') 
60034-2-1:2014 be adopted as a permitted alternative test method for 
small electric motors and electric motors.\5\ DOE published a notice of 
receipt of these petitions on November 2, 2017. 82 FR 50844 (``November 
2017 notice of petition'').
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    \5\ The NEMA petition and work paper are available at https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2017-BT-TP-0047-0028. The UL 
petition and supporting documentation are available at https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2017-BT-TP-0047-0029.
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    On April 23, 2019, DOE published a NOPR (``April 2019 NOPR'') 
responding to the comments received to the July 2017 RFI and proposing 
to further clarify the test procedures for small electric motors and 
incorporate an additional industry test method, IEC 60034-2-1:2014 
industry test standard, for testing small electric motors and electric 
motors.\6\ 84 FR 17004 (April 23, 2019). The April 2019 NOPR also 
addressed the test procedures for electric motors in response to the 
November 2017 notice of petition. Id.
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    \6\ All comments received in response to the July 2017 TP RFI 
are available for review at http://www.regulations.gov under docket 
number EERE-2017-BT-TP-0047.
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    DOE received four comments in response to the April 2019 NOPR from 
the interested parties listed in Table I-2.

               Table I-2--April 2019 NOPR Written Comments
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                                    Reference in this
         Organization(s)               final rule      Organization type
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Appliance Standards Awareness      Efficiency          Efficiency
 Project, Alliance to Save          Advocates.          Organizations.
 Energy, California Energy
 Commission, Natural Resources
 Defense Council.
Association of Home Appliance      AHAM and AHRI.....  Trade
 Manufacturers & Air-                                   Associations.
 Conditioning, Heating, and
 Refrigeration Institute.
Pacific Gas and Electric Company,  CA IOUs...........  Utilities.
 San Diego Gas and Electric, and
 Southern California Edison.
National Electrical Manufacturers  NEMA..............  Trade
 Association.                                           Association.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

II. Synopsis of the Final Rule

    In this final rule, DOE is amending 10 CFR part 431 as follows:
    (1) Updating the referenced industry testing standard for measuring 
the energy efficiency of small electric motors and electric motors to 
its latest version, IEEE 112-2017, ``IEEE Standard Test Procedure for 
Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators;''
    (2) Incorporating by reference as an alternative test procedure for 
the measurement of energy efficiency in small electric motors and 
electric motors testing standard IEC 60034-2-1:2014, ``Standard methods 
for determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines 
for traction vehicles);''
    (3) Adding definitions for ``rated load,'' ``rated output power,'' 
and ``breakdown torque'' of small electric motors based on NEMA MG 1-
2016; and \7\
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    \7\ Approved by ANSI on June 1, 2018 with 2018 supplements. DOE 
is not incorporating by reference these supplements as part of this 
final rule.
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    (4) Specifying the frequency used for testing by defining ``rated 
frequency,'' and specify that manufacturers select the voltage used for 
testing by defining ``rated voltage.''
    Table II-1 summarizes the test procedure amendments compared to the 
current test procedure as well as the reason for each change.

                              Table II-1--Synopsis of the Notice of Test Procedure
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                                                                    Final rule test
        Current test procedure           NOPR test procedure           procedure                  Reason
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Incorporates by reference IEEE 112-    --Proposed adding IEEE   Replaces IEEE 112-2004   --Achieves consistency
 2004 to measure full-load efficiency   112-2017 as an           with IEEE 112-2017       with industry update
 of polyphase small electric motors.    alternative to IEEE      (considered              to IEEE 112-2017.
                                        112-2004. The IEEE 112-  equivalent).            --Addresses comments in
                                        2017 version includes                             response to the April
                                        the following updates                             2019 NOPR that
                                        compared to IEEE 112-                             including both the
                                        2004:                                             2004 and 2017 versions
                                       (1) Updates to certain                             of IEEE 112 is
                                        requirements regarding                            unnecessary because
                                        measurement instrument                            they are equivalent.
                                        selection and                                     See section III.B.1
                                        accuracy..                                        for further
                                                                                          discussion.

[[Page 8]]

 
                                       (2) Alignment of core
                                        loss calculation with
                                        CSA 390-10 and Method
                                        2-1-1B of IEC 60034-2-
                                        1:2014.
Does not incorporate by reference IEC  --Proposed adding        Identical to the NOPR..  Addresses suggestions
 60034-2-1:2014.                        Method 2-1-1B of IEC                              offered in industry
                                        60034-2-1:2014 as an                              petition (EERE-2017-BT-
                                        alternative to IEEE                               TP-0047-0030).
                                        112-2004 Test Method
                                        B, IEEE 112-2017 Test
                                        Method B and CSA C390-
                                        10.
                                       --Proposed adding
                                        Method 2-1-1A of IEC
                                        60034-2-1:2014 as an
                                        alternative to IEEE
                                        114-2010, IEEE 112-
                                        2004, IEEE 112-2017
                                        Test Method A and CSA
                                        C747-09.
For Small Electric Motors: Specifies   --Proposed defining      Similar to the NOPR.     --Reflects industry
 testing at rated load but does not     ``rated load'' (and      Clarifies that DOE       practice and improves
 define that term.                      ``rated output power''   will not require         the representativeness
                                        and ``breakdown          additional testing and   of the test procedure.
                                        torque'' to support      measurement of          --Addresses comments to
                                        the definition of        breakdown torque. Also   the April 2019 NOPR
                                        ``rated load'') of       clarifies the            regarding testing and
                                        small electric motors    definition of            reporting. See section
                                        based on NEMA MG 1-      breakdown torque.        III.C for further
                                        2016.                                             discussion.
For Small Electric Motors: Specifies   --Proposed defining      Similar to the NOPR.     Improves repeatability
 testing at rated voltage and rated     ``rated voltage,''       Clarifies further that   of the test procedure.
 frequency, but does not define those   which provides that      the rated voltage must
 terms.                                 manufacturers select     be one of the voltages
                                        the voltage that is      used by the
                                        used for testing, and    manufacturer for
                                        ``rated frequency''.     making representation
                                                                 of the small electric
                                                                 motor performance.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE has determined that the amendments described in section III of 
this notice will not alter the measured efficiency of small electric 
motors or electric motors, and that the test procedures will not be 
unduly burdensome to conduct. Discussion of DOE's actions are addressed 
in detail in section III of this document.

III. Discussion

A. Scope of the Test Procedures for Currently Regulated Small Electric 
Motors and Electric Motors

    This final rule does not change the scope of the test procedure 
with respect to small electric motors and electric motors. The scope of 
the test procedure as applied to currently regulated motors is 
discussed in sections III.A.1 through III.A.3.
1. Definition of ``Small Electric Motor''
    EPCA defines the term ``small electric motor'' as ``a NEMA general 
purpose alternating current single-speed induction motor, built in a 
two-digit frame number series in accordance with NEMA Standards 
Publication MG 1-1987.'' 42 U.S.C. 6311(13)(G) In the July 2009 final 
rule, DOE adopted a modified version of this definition at 10 CFR 
431.442 to specify that the term also encompasses those motors that are 
built as ``IEC metric equivalent motors.'' 74 FR 32059, 32062; 10 CFR 
431.442. This specification ensures that motors that otherwise satisfy 
the small electric motor definition but are built in accordance with 
metric-units are treated in a like manner as their counterparts that 
are built in accordance with U.S. customary units of measurement.
    The current definition at 10 CFR 431.442 lists the criteria that 
must be met for a motor to be defined as a ``small electric motor.'' 
Under these criteria, a small electric motor is:
    A NEMA general purpose motor \8\ that:
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    \8\ In response to questions from NEMA and various motor 
manufacturers, DOE issued a guidance document that identifies some 
key design elements for consideration when determining whether a 
given individual motor meets the small electric motor definition and 
is subject to the energy conservation standards promulgated for 
small electric motors. See https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2017-BT-TP-0047-0082.
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     Uses alternating current,
     Is single-speed,
     Is an induction motor; and
     Is built in a two-digit frame size in accordance with NEMA 
Standards Publication MG 1-1987, including IEC metric equivalent 
motors. See 10 CFR 431.442.
    DOE did not propose to modify the definition of ``small electric 
motor'' in the April 2019 NOPR (See 84 FR 17004, 17007) and DOE did not 
receive any comments suggesting that it do so. Accordingly, DOE is not 
modifying the current definition of small electric motor.
2. Scope of the Small Electric Motor Test Procedure
    In the March 2010 final rule, DOE concluded that the following 
motor topologies satisfy the small electric motor definition: 
Capacitor-start induction-run (``CSIR''), capacitor-start capacitor-run 
(``CSCR''), and certain polyphase motors. 75 FR 10874, 10882-10883. DOE 
determined for purposes of its regulations that only CSIR, CSCR, and 
polyphase motors are able to meet the performance requirements in NEMA 
MG1 and are widely considered general purpose alternating current 
motors, as shown by the listings found in manufacturers' catalogs. Id. 
As such, DOE concluded that CSIR, CSCR, and polyphase motors are the 
only motor categories that would satisfy the relevant criteria set by 
EPCA to be regulated as small electric motors. 75 FR 10874, 10883. DOE 
established test procedures for these three topologies in subpart X of 
10 CFR part 431.
    In response to the April 2019 NOPR, DOE received a number of 
comments relevant to the scope of applicability for the small electric 
motors test procedures. NEMA commented that there have been no 
significant technological advancements for small electric motors since 
the last rulemaking and that it supported maintaining the current scope 
of applicability. (NEMA, No. 84 at p. 2) \9\ AHAM and AHRI also 
supported the current scope of the test procedure, (AHAM and AHRI, No. 
85 at pp. 1-2), and opposed developing separate test procedures and 
energy conservation standards for special and definite purpose motors. 
In their view, an expanded test procedure scope would increase costs 
(equipment cost,

[[Page 9]]

testing costs, and costs related to certification) and would not 
increase energy savings because original equipment manufacturers 
already consider efficient small electric motors as a design option to 
meet the energy conservation standards for those finished products 
regulated by DOE. Id. They added that an expanded scope to include 
definite and special purpose motors could impact the availability of 
replacement parts. They noted that home appliances and heating, 
ventilation, and air conditioning (``HVAC'') equipment have long 
lifetimes and often have sizing constraints. They asserted that, if 
motor sizes increase in response to efficiency requirements, 
replacement motors may no longer fit in those products using small 
electric motors.\10\ (AHAM and AHRI, No. 85 at p. 3)
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    \9\ A notation in the form ``NEMA, No. 84 at p. 2'' identifies a 
written comment: (1) Made by NEMA; (2) recorded in document number 
84 that is filed in the docket of this test procedure rulemaking 
(Docket No. EERE-2017-BT-TP-0047) and available for review at http://www.regulations.gov; and (3) which appears on page 2 of document 
number 84.
    \10\ One of the methods for improving the efficiency of an 
electric motor is to increase its stack length--i.e., the number of 
rotors and stators that are stacked together to fit along a given 
motor's shaft. While this may increase the efficiency of a given 
motor with specified horsepower and torque ratings, it also results 
in increasing the overall dimensions of the motor, thereby affecting 
its ability to fit within a given application.
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    The CA IOUs and Efficiency Advocates supported expanding the scope 
of the small electric motors test procedures to cover a broader range 
of motors. In their view, DOE should expand the scope of the small 
electric motors test procedure to address a wide range of motors that 
the market considers ``small.'' (CA IOUs, No. 86 at p. 2) The 
Efficiency Advocates stated that DOE previously found that motors with 
the same characteristics as currently regulated small electric motors 
are widely available in larger horsepower ranges. They referenced DOE's 
preliminary identification presented in the July 2017 RFI of 11 motor 
categories that may represent significant shipment volumes and energy 
consumption and that were capable of being tested using existing test 
procedures. The Efficiency Advocates stated that these motor categories 
include both inefficient designs (e.g., shaded-pole) and high-
efficiency topologies (e.g., permanent magnet and switched reluctance). 
(Efficiency Advocates, No. 87 at p. 1)
    As previously stated, DOE is not modifying the test procedure's 
scope. The test procedure continues to apply only to small electric 
motors that are currently subject to DOE's existing test procedure at 
10 CFR 431.444. As explained in the March 2010 final rule, under the 
definition of ``small electric motor'' prescribed by EPCA, CSIR, CSCR, 
and polyphase motors are the only motor categories that are general 
purpose motors (which is a key element to the statutory definition of 
this term), and therefore the only categories for which DOE has 
authority to regulate as a small electric motor. 75 FR 10874, 10881. 
Special purpose and definite purpose motors are not general purpose 
motors and therefore are not covered under the statutory or regulatory 
definition of ``small electric motor'' and are not ``small electric 
motors'' under DOE's statutory or regulatory framework.\11\ (See 42 
U.S.C. 6311(13)(G) (defining ``small electric motor''), 42 U.S.C. 
6311(13)(C) (defining ``definite purpose motor'') and 42 U.S.C. 
6311(13)(D) (defining ``special purpose motor''); see also generally 10 
CFR 431.442)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \11\ Under EPCA, the term ``definite purpose motor'' means ``any 
motor designed in standard ratings with standard operating 
characteristics or standard mechanical construction for use under 
service conditions other than usual or for use on a particular type 
of application and which cannot be used in most general purpose 
applications.'' 42 U.S.C. 6311(13)(C). Similarly, EPCA defines a 
``special purpose motor'' as ``any motor, other than a general 
purpose motor or definite purpose motor, which has special operating 
characteristics or special mechanical construction, or both, 
designed for a particular application.'' 42 U.S.C. 6311(13)(D). 
Given that EPCA treats these motors as being separate from small 
electric motors, and that these two categories of motors generally 
fall outside of general purpose motor applications, coverage of 
definite purpose and special purpose motors cannot be accomplished 
through DOE's authority to regulate small electric motors.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the July 2017 RFI, DOE indicated that it may consider setting 
test procedures for electric motors that are considered ``small'' by 
customers and the electric motors industry, but that are not currently 
subject to the small electric motor test procedure. 82 FR 35468, 35470-
35471. DOE discussed that the motors identified in the July 2017 RFI 
may have similarities to motors that are currently regulated as small 
electric motors (such as horsepower) and may be used in similar 
applications. However, DOE had not concluded that the identified motors 
are small electric motors or electric motors (nor did DOE propose such 
a conclusion). While certain commenters urged DOE to expand the scope 
of the test procedures to include some or all of the 11 categories of 
motors identified in the July 2017 RFI, these commenters did not 
provide an explanation for how such expansion would be consistent with 
DOE's authority under EPCA, or how such motors should be classified and 
tested.
    AHAM and AHRI referenced the statutory exemption regarding the 
application of energy conservation standards for small electric motors 
that are components of covered products (42 U.S.C. 6317(b)(3)) and 
requested that DOE interpret the exemption to apply to all small 
electric motors destined for or used in covered products or equipment. 
(AHAM and AHRI, No. 85 at p. 4)
    By statute, the small electric motor standards established by DOE 
shall not apply to any such motor that is a component of a covered 
product, or of covered equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6317(b)(3)) Accordingly, 
consistent with the statute, the test procedure as amended in this 
final rule does not apply to a motor that is a component of a covered 
product, or of covered equipment.
3. Scope of the Electric Motor Test Procedure
    As noted in section I.B, this final rule also addresses the test 
procedure for electric motors in response to a petition for 
rulemaking.\12\ The current electric motor test procedure is codified 
at subpart B of 10 CFR part 431. DOE did not propose to amend the scope 
of the electric motor test procedure. Accordingly, this final rule does 
not change the scope of that test procedure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \12\ The NEMA petition and work paper are available at https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2017-BT-TP-0047-0028. The UL 
petition and supporting documentation are available at https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EERE-2017-BT-TP-0047-0029.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

B. Industry Standards

    The DOE test procedures rely on industry standards that are 
incorporated by reference at 10 CFR 431.443 for small electric motors 
and 10 CFR 431.15 for electric motors. Specifically, the existing DOE 
test procedures for small electric motors and electric motors rely on 
the following test methods:
    (1) For single-phase small electric motors: Either IEEE 114-2010, 
or CSA C747-09 (see 10 CFR 431.443(b)(1); 10 CFR 431.443(c)(2); 10 CFR 
431.444(b)(1));
    (2) For polyphase small electric motors of less than or equal to 1 
hp, either Section 6.3 ``Efficiency Test Method A, Input-Output'' of 
IEEE 112-2004, ``IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction 
Motors and Generators'' (``IEEE 112-2004'') or CSA C747-09 (see 10 CFR 
431.443(b)(1); 10 CFR 431.443(c)(1)(i); 10 CFR 431.444(b)(2)); and
    (3) For polyphase small electric motors of greater than 1 hp and 
electric motors, either Section 6.4 ``Efficiency Test Method B, Input-
Output with Loss Segregation'' of IEEE 112-2004; or CSA C390-10 (see 10 
CFR 431.443(b)(2); 10 CFR 431.443(c)(1)(ii); 10 CFR 431.444(b)(3); 10 
CFR 431.16 and Appendix B).

[[Page 10]]

    In preparation for the April 2019 NOPR, DOE reviewed each of the 
referenced industry standards to determine whether they still represent 
the most current procedures developed by industry. On February 14, 
2018, IEEE published an updated edition of the IEEE 112 standard. The 
other referenced industry standards incorporated into DOE's test 
procedure developed by CSA and IEEE remain current or have been 
reaffirmed without changes.\13\ This final rule maintains the 
references to IEEE 114-2010, CSA C390-10, and CSA C747-09. As discussed 
in Section III.B.1 of this document, DOE is updating the reference to 
IEEE 112 to reference the updated IEEE 112-2017 standard. As discussed 
in section III.B.2, DOE is also incorporating by reference IEC 60034-2-
1:2014 as an additional alternative test procedure for small electric 
motors and electric motors. IEEE 112-2017 and IEC 60034-2-1:2014 are 
discussed in the following paragraphs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \13\ Both CSA C747-09 and CSA C390-10 have been reaffirmed in 
2014 and 2015, respectively.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. IEEE 112-2017
    On February 14, 2018, IEEE approved IEEE 112-2017, ``IEEE Standard 
Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators.'' DOE 
conducted a full review of that revised testing standard to identify 
any changes made relative to the industry test methods that are 
incorporated by reference from IEEE 112-2004. In the April 2019 NOPR, 
DOE highlighted the following changes between the 2004 and 2017 
version: (1) Section 4, ``Measurements'' of IEEE 112-2017, includes 
several updates regarding instrument selection and measurement 
accuracy; and (2) the method for calculating core loss used in Section 
6.4, ``Efficiency Test Method B--Input-Output with Loss Segregation'' 
of IEEE 112-2017 was revised and aligned with the efficiency test 
method specified in CSA C390-10, currently incorporated by reference at 
10 CFR 431.443(b)(2). 84 FR 17004, 17011. DOE further noted that this 
change also aligns with the Method 2-1-1B approach of IEC 60034-2-
1:2014. Id. In the April 2019 NOPR, DOE noted that the revisions in the 
2017 version aligned measurement, calculation methods, and 
instrumentation requirements with industry practice, and that the 
differences between the IEEE 112-2004 and IEEE 112-2017 calculation 
methods were minimal, with both tests resulting in an accurate and 
similar measurement of efficiency. 84 FR 17004, 17011-17012. DOE noted 
that, in the small electric motor and electric motor final rule 
published on May 4, 2012, commenters indicated the difference in 
efficiency outcome between IEEE 112-2004 and CSA C390-10 to be within 
0.2 percent. 84 FR 17004, 17012 citing 77 FR 26608, 26622. DOE stated 
that the core loss calculation in IEEE 112-2017 aligns with the core 
loss calculation in CSA C390-10, and that based on this comparison of 
IEEE 112-2004 and CSA C390-10, the impact of the core loss calculation 
between IEEE 112-2004 and IEEE 112-2017 should be no greater than 0.2 
percent. 84 FR 17004, 17012. To avoid any potential need to retest 
motors that have relied on IEEE 112-2004 for purposes of compliance, 
DOE proposed to incorporate the IEEE 112-2017 test method as an 
alternative to the test methods incorporated in the current test 
procedure, while retaining the currently incorporated IEEE 112-2004 
method, and requested data comparing the results of the IEEE 112-2004 
and IEEE 112-2017. 84 FR 17004, 17012.
    In response to the April 2019 NOPR, NEMA supported updating the 
reference to IEEE 112 to its latest 2017 version and noted that IEEE 
112-2017 Method B resolves previous technical differences between IEEE 
112-2004 Method B and CSA C390-10. NEMA added that both versions of 
IEEE 112 led to equivalent results. (NEMA, No. 84 at p. 2) The 
Efficiency Advocates supported referencing the latest version of IEEE 
112 and urged DOE not to continue referencing the older version since 
referencing two different procedures introduces additional variability 
into the DOE test procedure. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 87 at p. 2)
    DOE has determined that IEEE 112-2017 will result in an accurate 
and similar measurement of efficiency as compared to IEEE 112-2004. 
Given the expected variation of tested efficiency values for small 
electric motors and electric motors due to manufacturing and material 
differences, any minor differences between IEEE 112-2004 and IEEE 112-
2017 will not result in any significant change in overall energy 
efficiency test results. This determination is consistent with DOE's 
prior comparison of IEEE 112-2004 and CSA C390-10, as affirmed by 
NEMA's comment. Given the functional equivalency of testing under IEEE 
112-2004 and IEEE 112-2017, DOE is incorporating IEEE 112-2017 in place 
of IEEE 112-2004. Referencing only the most recent version of IEEE 112 
avoids the potential concerns identified by the Efficiency Advocates. 
Additionally, incorporating this update further aligns DOE's test 
procedures with current industry practice and reduces manufacturer test 
burden, while ensuring that motors that have demonstrated compliance 
under IEEE 112-2004 methods do not require retesting (see section 
III.F.1 for more details).
    Therefore, the updates to IEEE 112-2017 are in the following 
sections of the CFR (as amended by this final rule):
    For small electric motors, 10 CFR 431.443 ``Materials incorporated 
by reference,'' paragraph (d)(1); 10 CFR 431.444 ``Test procedures for 
the measurement of energy efficiency,'' paragraphs (b)(1)(vi), 
(b)(3)(i) and (b)(4)(i); and 10 CFR 431.447 ``Department of Energy 
recognition of nationally recognized certification programs,'' 
paragraphs (b)(4) and (c)(4).
    For electric motors, 10 CFR 431.12 ``Definitions'' (the definition 
for ``accreditation''); 10 CFR 431.15 ``Materials incorporated by 
reference,'' paragraph (d)(1); 10 CFR 431.19 ``Department of Energy 
recognition of accreditation bodies,'' paragraphs (b)(4) and (c)(4); 10 
CFR 431.20 ``Department of Energy recognition of nationally recognized 
certification programs,'' paragraphs (b)(4) and (c)(4); and Appendix B 
to Subpart B of Part 431 ``Uniform test method for measuring nominal 
full load efficiency of electric motors,'' Sections 0(d),\14\ 2(3), 3.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \14\ Appendix B to subpart B of part 431 was reorganized to 
include a new section 0 in this final rule. Section 0 details the 
applicability of the industry testing standards incorporated by 
reference and provides the specific provisions of the industry 
testing standards that are applicable to the DOE test procedure and 
the sections of the DOE test procedure in which the industry testing 
standards are incorporated. Because of this re-organization, the 
instruction in section 3 of Appendix B to subpart B of part 431 
regarding the applicability of subsequent editions of the 
incorporated industry testing standards was duplicative to those in 
section 0, and therefore removed in this final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. IEC 60034-2-1:2014
    As discussed in section I.B, NEMA and UL independently submitted 
written petitions requesting that certain portions of IEC 60034-2-
1:2014 be adopted as a permitted alternative test method for small 
electric motors and electric motors. Specifically, NEMA's petition 
requested that DOE incorporate IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B \15\ as 
an alternative to IEEE 112-2004 Test Method B and CSA C390-10, which 
are currently referenced in Appendix B. (NEMA, No. 28.2 at p. 1) UL 
requested that (1) IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B be approved for 
Appendix B and section 431.444 of 10 CFR part 431 (as an alternative to 
IEEE 112-2004 Test

[[Page 11]]

Method B and CSA C390-10) and (2) that IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A 
\16\ be approved for section 431.444 of 10 CFR part 431 (as an 
alternative to IEEE 112-2004 Test method A, IEEE 114-2010, and CSA 
C747-09). (UL, No. 29.1 at p. 1) The NEMA and UL petitions included and 
referenced papers that compare the testing methodologies presented in 
IEC 60034-2-1:2014 to the IEEE and CSA standards currently referenced 
in the small electric motors and electric motors test procedures at 10 
CFR part 431.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \15\ IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B (2014), ``Rotating 
Electrical Machines--Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining 
losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction 
vehicles),'' ``Summation of losses, additional load losses according 
to the method of residual loss.''
    \16\ IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A (2014), ``Rotating 
Electrical Machines--Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining 
losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction 
vehicles),'' ``Direct Measurement of Input and Output.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The NEMA petition included a ``work paper'' that summarizes an 
evaluation conducted by the NEMA Motor and Generator Section technical 
committee, which found that IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B was a 
suitable alternative to the IEEE 112-2004 Test Method B and CSA C390-10 
test methods. (NEMA, No. 28.3 at p. 1) This evaluation relied on (1) 
comparison of instrumentation accuracy, test method, and calculation 
approach among the IEC, IEEE, and CSA industry standards, (2) analysis 
of test results from over 500 motors tested at the Hydro-Qu[eacute]bec 
Research Institute, and (3) reference to one scientific research paper 
(the ``Angers et al. study''), which also concluded that all three 
methods provide results that are very closely aligned. (NEMA, No. 28.3 
at pp. 1-3)
    The UL petition included two papers comparing the IEC 60034-2-1 
test methods with the respective IEEE and CSA standards. The first 
paper was the Angers et. al. study, which concluded that the IEC 60034-
2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B test method provides results that are very 
closely aligned with the IEEE 112-2004 Test Method B and CSA C390-10 
test methods. (UL, No. 29.2 at pp. 1-8) The second paper, written by 
IEEE member Wenping Cao, compared the IEEE 112 and IEC 60034-2-1 
standards and concluded that the resulting efficiency values were found 
to be equal or otherwise closely aligned. (UL, No. 29.3 at p. 7) UL 
requested that DOE incorporate IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B as an 
alternative to IEEE 112-2004 Test Method B and CSA C390-10 because of 
an increased use of the IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B. (UL, No 29.1 
at p.1) In its comments, UL did not quantify how broadly IEC 60034-2-
1:2014 Method 2-1-1B is currently being used.
    In the April 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed to permit use of IEC 60034-2-
1:2014 Method 2-1-1A, with certain limitations regarding torque 
measurement, as an alternative to IEEE 112-2004 Test Method B and CSA 
C390-10. 84 FR 17004, 17012-17013. DOE also proposed to permit use of 
IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B as a permitted alternative to the test 
methods IEEE 112-2004 Test Method B and CSA C390-10. 84 FR 17004, 
17014. DOE requested comment on its proposals regarding IEC 60034-2-
1:2014 Method 2-1-1A and Method 2-1-1B, including data comparing test 
results of those standards with the corresponding CSA and IEEE test 
procedures. 84 FR 17004, 17013-17014.
    The CA IOUs questioned whether alternative testing standards are 
truly equivalent to one another and commented that DOE should evaluate 
the possibility that one equivalent test procedure may produce a 
disproportionately favorable result compared to another. The CA IOUs 
recommended that, to avoid confusion in the market and maintain 
consistency in results, the DOE should specify a single version of a 
test procedure to be used for enforcement testing. (CA IOUs, No. 86 at 
p. 2-3)
    As discussed in the April 2019 NOPR and in the following sections, 
DOE evaluated the various industry tests as well as the results of 
comparative testing and concludes that the relevant test methods in IEC 
60034-2-1:2014 are equivalent to the corresponding industry standards 
currently referenced in the test procedures for small electric motors 
and electric motors. Permitting use of the test methods in IEC 60034-2-
1:2014 further harmonizes DOE's test standards with industry and 
reduces test burden while ensuring that the test procedure reflects the 
energy efficiency of the relevant motors during a representative 
average use cycle.
a. Method 2-1-1A
    Among multiple testing methods provided in IEC 60034-2-1:2014, 
Method 2-1-1A ``Direct measurement of input and output'' is the 
standard's preferred testing method for single-phase motors. It is 
based on direct measurement of electrical input power to the motor and 
mechanical output power (in the form of torque and speed) from the 
motor. This approach is analogous to the methods of the other industry 
standards, IEEE 114-2010 and CSA C747-09, currently incorporated by 
reference for testing single-phase motors, and IEEE 112-2004 Test 
Method A, currently incorporated by reference for the purpose of 
testing polyphase motors of output power less than or equal to one 
horsepower.
    In the April 2019 NOPR, DOE tentatively determined that IEC 60034-
2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A is likely to produce accurate and reproducible 
results that are consistent with results from the other test methods 
permitted under subparts X and B of 10 CFR part 431. 84 FR 17004, 
17013. DOE proposed to incorporate by reference IEC 60034-2-1:2014 
Method 2-1-1A as an alternative to the currently incorporated industry 
testing standards IEEE 112-2004 Test Method A and CSA C747-09 in 10 CFR 
431.443. Id. However, DOE also initially determined that the process 
for dynamometer torque correction in section 6.1.2.2 of IEC 60034-2-
1:2014, Method 2-1-1A is insufficiently described. 84 FR 17004, 17013. 
Specifically, IEEE 114-2010 \17\ and CSA C747-09 \18\ contain more 
detailed descriptions of torque correction procedures, but both state 
that torque correction is not required when torque is measured using 
either an inline, rotating torque transducer or stator reaction torque 
transducer. The insufficient specificity of IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 
2-1-1A regarding dynamometer torque correction can be avoided by using 
a torque measurement method that does not require correction. 
Consequently, DOE proposed to permit use of IEC 60034-2-1:2014 with 
limitations to limit torque measurement to methods that do not require 
dynamometer torque correction (i.e., either in-line, shaft-coupled, 
rotating torque transducers or stationary, stator reaction torque 
transducers). 84 FR 17004, 17012-17013.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \17\ Section 5.2.1.1.1 of IEEE 114-2010 addressees when torque 
correction is required.
    \18\ Section 6.7.1 of CSA C747-09 addresses when torque 
correction is required.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In response to the April 2019 NOPR, NEMA reiterated its support to 
have the option of using IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A. (NEMA, No. 
84 at p. 3) DOE did not receive any other comment on the incorporation 
of IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A generally, or regarding the 
proposal to limit torque measurement.
    For the reasons discussed in the April 2019 NOPR, DOE is 
referencing IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A as an alternative to the 
referenced industry testing standards IEEE 112-2017 Test Method A (per 
the amendment in this final rule) and CSA C747-09 in 10 CFR 431.443. As 
proposed, this final rule requires torque measurement, when using IEC 
60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A, to be made using either in-line, shaft-
coupled, rotating torque transducers or stationary, stator reaction 
torque transducers. This change will

[[Page 12]]

further harmonize DOE's test procedures with current industry practice 
and reduce manufacturer test burden (see section III.F.1 for more 
details).
    For small electric motors, DOE is adding a reference to IEC 60034-
2-1 in 10 CFR 431.443 ``Materials incorporated by reference,'' 
paragraph (c)(2) and making a more specific set of references to IEC 
60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A in 10 CFR 431.444 ``Test procedures for 
the measurement of energy efficiency,'' paragraphs (b)(2)(iii) and 
(b)(3)(iii) and in 10 CFR 431.447 ``Department of Energy recognition of 
nationally recognized certification programs,'' paragraphs (b)(4) and 
(c)(4).
    In addition, section 6.1.2.2 of IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A 
specifies that motors under test should be operated at the ``required 
load'' until thermal equilibrium is achieved. As required under DOE's 
test procedure, the motor must be rated and tested at rated load. For 
clarity and consistency, in the April 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed to modify 
these instructions by replacing the term ``required load'' with ``rated 
load.'' 84 FR 17004, 17013. DOE did not receive any stakeholder 
comments on this proposal and is modifying these instructions by 
replacing the term ``required load'' with ``rated load.''
    Furthermore, IEC 60034-2-1:2014 references IEC 60034-1:2010 and IEC 
60051-1:2016 to specify required test conditions and procedures when 
applying the test methods for measuring energy efficiency in the 
following sections: (1) Section 5.4.1 of IEC 60034-2-1:2014 specifies 
that the supply voltage shall be in accordance with sections 7.2 (and 
8.3.1 for thermal tests) of IEC 60034-1:2010; (2) section 5.5.2 of IEC 
60034-2-1:2014 specifies that the measuring instruments shall have the 
equivalent of an accuracy class of 0.2 in case of a direct test and 0.5 
in case of an indirect test in accordance with IEC 60051; \19\ and (3) 
section 5.7.1 of IEC 60034-2-1:2014 states that the measured resistance 
at the end of the thermal test shall be determined in a similar way to 
the extrapolation procedure as described in section 8.6.2.3.3 of IEC 
60034-1, using the shortest possible time instead of the time interval 
specified in Table 5 therein, and extrapolating to zero. Therefore, in 
this final rule, DOE is also incorporating by reference IEC 60034-
1:2010 and IEC 60051-1:2016 to specify the test conditions and 
procedures as referenced in IEC 60034-2-1:2014.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \19\ Section 3.8.2 of IEC 60051-1:2016 defines ``accuracy 
class'' as a ``class of measuring instruments, all of which are 
intended to comply with a set of specifications regarding 
uncertainty.'' Furthermore, IEC 6005-1:2016 specifies that an 
accuracy class always specifies a limit of uncertainty, whatever 
other metrological characteristics it specifies. While IEC 60051-
1:2006 does not define a metric for this term, in practice, accuracy 
classes are used to designate percentage uncertainties. For example, 
section 5.5.2 of IEC 60034-2-1:2014 states that ``for an accuracy 
class of 0.2, the measuring equipment shall reach an overall 
uncertainty of 0.2% of reading at power factor of 1.0.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

b. Method 2-1-1B
    Among the multiple testing methods provided in IEC 60034-2-1:2014, 
Method 2-1-1B ``Summation of losses, additional load losses according 
to the method of residual loss'' is the IEC 60034-2-1:2014 standard's 
preferred testing method for three-phase motors. This method relies on 
the indirect calculation of motor losses using a combination of 
measured values (e.g., winding resistance) and assumptions so that 
direct measurement of motor torque is not needed. This method is 
analogous to the methods of the other industry standards, IEEE 112-2004 
and CSA C390-10, currently incorporated by reference for testing 
polyphase small electric motors of output power greater than one 
horsepower and electric motors.
    DOE reviewed IEC 60034-2-1:2014, Method 2-1-1B, and stakeholder 
responses to the November 2017 notice of petition, as well as all of 
the research papers referenced in the NEMA and UL petitions. The 
research papers evaluated IEC 60034-2-1:2014, Method 2-1-1B and the 
IEEE 112-2004 Test Method B and CSA C390-10 testing standards with 
respect to a comparison of the instrumentation accuracy, test method, 
and calculation approach, in addition to an analysis of any variability 
of actual test results. DOE also considered a comparison of results 
from a round robin test program among 11 participants, which concluded 
that the same motor tested at multiple test facilities showed a maximum 
deviation of 0.4 percentage points, using the same IEEE 
112-2004 Test Method B for each test.\20\ 84 FR 17013-17014. DOE noted 
that the largest difference reported by stakeholders between measured 
efficiency values using IEC 60034-2-1:2014, Method 2-1-1B and IEEE 112-
2004 Test Method B did not exceed 0.2 percentage points. 84 
FR 17004, 17014.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \20\ Hydro-Quebec Research Institute, NEMA Motor Round Robin, 
November 2018. Motor Summit 2018 Proceedings. Available at https://www.motorsummit.ch/sites/default/files/2018-11/MS18_proceedings.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE initially concluded that (1) these methods are not identical, 
but the differences between these standards are within the expected 
measurement variation of the existing test procedure; (2) all three 
tests would result in measurements of efficiency that would yield the 
same results with respect to motor compliance; and (3) given the 
variable nature of tested efficiency values for electric motors and 
small electric motors due to manufacturing and material differences, 
the variation in the calculated efficiency is insignificant and not 
likely to result in any significant change in overall energy efficiency 
test results. 84 FR 17004, 17014. Accordingly, in the April 2019 NOPR, 
DOE proposed to incorporate by reference IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-
1B as an alternative to the currently incorporated industry testing 
standards IEEE 112-2004 Test Method B and CSA C390-10 and to IEEE 112-
2017 Test Method B. Id.
    In response to the April 2019 NOPR, NEMA reaffirmed its request for 
the addition of IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B as an alternative test 
standard for polyphase small electric motors greater than 1 hp and 
electric motors. (NEMA, No. 84 at p. 3)
    Based on the considerations presented in the April 2019 NOPR, DOE 
affirms its initial conclusions regarding IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-
1-1B. Allowing manufacturers to test according to IEC 60034-2-1:2014 
Method 2-1-1B further harmonizes DOE's test procedures with current 
industry practice and reduces manufacturer test burden (see section 
III.F.2 for more details) while ensuring that the test procedure 
reflects the energy efficiency of the relevant motors during a 
representative average use cycle. Therefore, in this final rule, DOE is 
referencing IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B as a permitted alternative 
to the current test methods IEEE 112-2004 Test Method B (which in this 
final rule will be replaced with IEEE 112-2017 Test Method B) and CSA 
C390-10. In addition, as described in section III.B.2.a, DOE is also 
incorporating by reference IEC 60034-1:2010 and IEC 60051-1:2016, which 
specify the test conditions and procedures for IEC 60034-2-1:2014.
    Accordingly, reference to IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B is being 
added to the following sections of the CFR:
    For small electric motors, IEC 60034-2-1 is referenced in 10 CFR 
431.443 ``Materials incorporated by reference,'' paragraph (c)(2). The 
specific references to IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B are in 10 CFR 
431.444 ``Test procedures for the measurement of energy efficiency,'' 
paragraph (b)(4)(iii) and 10 CFR 431.447 ``Department of Energy 
recognition of nationally recognized

[[Page 13]]

certification programs,'' paragraphs (b)(4) and (c)(4).
    For electric motors, IEC 60034-2-1 is referenced in 10 CFR 431.12 
``Definitions'' (the definition for ``accreditation''); and 10 CFR 
431.15 ``Materials incorporated by reference,'' paragraph (c)(3). The 
specific references to IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B are in 10 CFR 
431.19 ``Department of Energy recognition of accreditation bodies,'' 
paragraphs (b)(4) and (c)(4); 10 CFR 431.20 ``Department of Energy 
recognition of nationally recognized certification programs,'' 
paragraphs (b)(4) and (c)(4); and Appendix B to Subpart B of Part 431 
``Uniform test method for measuring nominal full load efficiency of 
electric motors,'' Sections 2(2) and 3.

C. Rated Output Power and Breakdown Torque of Small Electric Motors

    The current regulations for small electric motors specify that the 
metric for energy conservation standards, average full-load efficiency, 
is to be measured at ``full rated load.'' 10 CFR 431.442. The industry 
testing standards referenced in the small electric motor test procedure 
do not provide a method to determine the rated load of the tested unit 
but instead rely on manufacturer-specified output power, which is 
typically listed on a motor's nameplate, to determine average full-load 
efficiency at full rated load.\21\ The industry standards do not define 
rated output power; rather, the output power is a manufacturer 
declaration.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \21\ See e.g., CSA C747-09, Section 3, Definition of ``full 
load''; CSA C390-10, Section 3.1, Definition of ``rating''; IEEE 
112-2017, Section 3.3.2 (``Specified temperature''); and IEEE 114-
2010, Section 8.2 (``Determination of efficiency'').
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As explained in the April 2019 NOPR, the motors subject to the 
small electric motors test procedures are capable of operating over a 
continuous range of loads. 84 FR 17004, 17014. For example, a motor 
that is rated at 1 hp is also capable of delivering 0.75 hp, but likely 
with a different speed, torque, and efficiency than those of when it is 
delivering its rated load of 1 hp. The output power of the motor 
depends on the load and the design of the motor. Therefore, the load 
point at which the motor must be tested is not an intrinsic parameter 
of the motor, but rather a parameter that must be defined or specified. 
The test's load point is relevant to efficiency testing because the 
efficiency of small electric motors varies according to load.
    In the April 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed to define rated output power 
using breakdown torque as specified in NEMA MG 1-2016. 84 FR 17004, 
17014-17016. In concept, breakdown torque describes the maximum torque 
the motor can develop without slowing down and stalling. The maximum 
torque over the entire speed range could occur at a different condition 
(e.g., the motor start-up, zero speed condition) than the breakdown 
condition. As explained in the April 2019 NOPR, breakdown torque 
corresponds to a local maximum torque (on a plot of torque versus 
speed) that is nearest to the rated torque. 84 FR 17004, 17014. The 
phrase ``abrupt drop in speed'' corresponds to the expectation that the 
motor will slow down or stall if the load increases and indicates that 
minor reductions in speed observed due to measurement sensitivities are 
not considered.
    The breakdown torque for a specific horsepower rating is specified 
as a range as a function of input frequency and synchronous speed of 
the motor in two tables: Table 10-5 of NEMA MG 1-2016, which applies to 
induction motors, except permanent-split capacitor (``PSC'') and 
shaded-pole motors; and Table 10-6 of NEMA MG 1-2016, which applies to 
shaded-pole and PSC motors for fan and pump applications. For polyphase 
motors, section 12.37 of NEMA MG 1-2016 specifies that the breakdown 
torque of a general-purpose polyphase squirrel-cage small motor shall 
not be less than 140 percent of the breakdown torque of a single-phase 
general purpose motor of the same horsepower and speed rating.
    In the April 2019 NOPR, DOE initially determined that NEMA MG 1-
2016's Table 10-5 can apply to all small electric motors subject to 
DOE's standards and that most manufacturers already use the breakdown 
torque method as a standard practice to determine rated output power. 
84 FR 17004, 17016. Accordingly, DOE proposed to define ``rated output 
power'' as ``the mechanical output power that corresponds to the small 
electric motor's breakdown torque as specified in NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 
10-5 for single-phase motors or 140 percent of the breakdown torque 
values specified in NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 10-5 for polyphase motors.'' 
\22\ Id. DOE also proposed defining ``breakdown torque'' as ``the 
maximum torque that the motor will develop with rated voltage and 
frequency applied without an abrupt drop in speed, determined in 
accordance with NEMA MG 1-2016.'' Id. DOE requested comment on the 
proposed definitions for ``rated output power'' and ``breakdown 
torque.'' Additionally, DOE requested comment on how to determine when 
an ``abrupt drop in speed'' (e.g., the local maximum of the torque-
speed plot closest to the rated torque) has occurred when testing the 
breakdown torque of a small electric motor. Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \22\ For purposes of this definition, NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 10-5 
can be applied to all small electric motors, regardless of whether 
elements of NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 10-5 are identified as for small or 
medium motors.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In response to the April 2019 NOPR, NEMA commented that there is no 
need to define ``breakdown torque'' or ``abrupt drop in speed'' for the 
purposes of testing electric motors. (NEMA, No. 84 at p. 3) 
Specifically, NEMA stated that incorporating breakdown torque as the 
method to define the rated output power of the motor is unnecessary 
because NEMA MG 1-2016, Part 1.40 already states the output rating of a 
machine ``shall'' consist of the output power. Instead, NEMA 
recommended that the declared values of output power be used as 
provided on the manufacturer's nameplate and that DOE not require a 
declaration of breakdown torque. (NEMA, No. 84 at pp. 3-4). NEMA 
further stated that the ``abrupt drop in speed'' corresponds to the 
expectations that the motor will slow down or stall if the torque 
applied to the motor exceeds the local maximum value of torque that is 
most closely located to the rated torque of the motor (i.e., the 
breakdown torque). Finally, NEMA claimed that performing any additional 
speed-torque tests for determining ``abrupt drop in speed'' would 
increase manufacturer burden. (NEMA, No. 84 at pp. 3-5) No other 
comments were received in regard to this issue.
    In the April 2019 NOPR, DOE did not intend to suggest that it would 
require manufacturers to test or report the value of breakdown torque 
used to establish the rated output power of a small electric motor. 
Rather, the intent of defining ``breakdown torque,'' through reference 
to the industry standard NEMA MG 1-2016, was to in turn define ``rated 
output power'' for the purpose of measuring average full-load 
efficiency. As noted previously, NEMA responded to the April 2019 NOPR 
by explaining that NEMA MG 1-2016 Part 1.40 already states the output 
rating of a machine shall consist of the output power. (NEMA, No. 84 at 
p. 3-4) As indicated by its inclusion in NEMA MG 1-2016, the breakdown 
torque method is commonly used by industry for determining rated output 
power. Defining rated output power based on NEMA MG 1-2016 provides 
additional detail that allows for the accurate comparison of small 
electric motors.
    Therefore, in this final rule, DOE defines ``rated output power'' 
as, the mechanical output power that corresponds to the small electric 
motor's

[[Page 14]]

breakdown torque as specified in NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 10-5 for single-
phase motors or 140 percent of the breakdown torque values specified in 
NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 10-5 for polyphase motors. For purposes of this 
definition, NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 10-5 can be applied to all small 
electric motors, regardless of whether elements of NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 
10-5 are identified as for small or medium motors.
    DOE also is defining ``breakdown torque.'' Consistent with the 
proposed definition, DOE is defining ``breakdown torque,'' in part, as 
``the maximum torque that the motor will develop with rated voltage and 
frequency applied without an abrupt drop in speed.'' As previously 
noted, the phrase ``abrupt drop in speed'' references the intrinsic 
behavior of motors, in which a motor will slow down or stall if the 
load applied to the motor exceeds the breakdown torque, and indicates 
that minor reductions in speed observed due to measurement 
sensitivities are not considered. To provide additional specification 
for determining breakdown torque based on the physical attributes of a 
small electric motor, DOE is also including in the definition that the 
breakdown torque of a motor is the local maximum of the torque-speed 
plot of the motor, closest to the synchronous speed of the motor.\23\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \23\ The synchronous speed of a motor is calculated as follows: 
120 x f / p where f is the frequency at which the motor is operating 
and p is the number of poles of the motor.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Both the April 2019 NOPR and NEMA's comments explained that on a 
torque-speed plot, the breakdown torque is the local maximum torque in 
the region of the plot characterized through reference to the rated 
torque. The relevant region of the plot can also be characterized 
through reference to the synchronous speed. The local maximum of the 
torque-speed plot in the region characterized by the rated torque is 
the same value as the local maximum of the torque-speed plot in the 
region characterized by the synchronous speed. DOE is providing 
additional detail to define breakdown torque using the synchronous 
speed, as it is a physical attribute of the motor rather than rated 
torque, which is a manufacturer declared value.
    For the reasons discussed in the preceding paragraphs, DOE is 
defining ``breakdown torque'' as the maximum torque that the motor will 
develop with rated voltage and frequency applied without an abrupt drop 
in speed. The breakdown torque is the local maximum of the torque-speed 
plot of the motor, closest to the synchronous speed of the motor, 
determined in accordance with NEMA MG 1-2016.

D. Rated Values Specified for Testing Small Electric Motors

    DOE notes that the definition of average full-load efficiency at 10 
CFR 431.442 specifies that it is determined when the motor operates at 
the rated frequency, rated load, and rated voltage. Additionally, 
industry standards refer to these rated values, which are expected to 
be known or provided (e.g., on the nameplate). However, ``rated 
frequency,'' ``rated load,'' and ``rated voltage'' are not defined. To 
provide additional specificity regarding these terms, in the April 2019 
NOPR, DOE proposed to define them to further ensure the comparability 
of results between motors, and to better ensure reproducible testing 
for all equipment. 84 FR 17004, 17017-17018. In this final rule, DOE is 
amending 10 CFR 431.442 to establish definitions for ``rated 
frequency,'' ``rated load,'' and ``rated voltage,'' as discussed in the 
following sections.
1. Rated Frequency
    The test procedures and energy conservation standards established 
under EPCA apply to those regulated motors that are distributed in 
commerce within the United States. Within the United States, 
electricity is supplied at 60 hertz (``Hz''); in other regions of the 
world, electricity is supplied at 50 Hz. Small electric motors could be 
designed to operate at frequencies in addition to 60 Hz (e.g., motors 
designed to operate at either 60 or 50 Hz). Therefore, it could be 
unclear at which frequency the test should be performed. DOE proposed 
to amend the small electric motor test procedure at 10 CFR 431.442 by 
defining the term ``rated frequency'' as ``60 hertz.'' See 84 FR 17004, 
17017.
    NEMA commented that explicitly stating that rated frequency is 60 
Hz would be beneficial in the case of a motor marked as 60/50 hertz. 
(NEMA, No. 84 at p. 4) The CA IOUs supported DOE's proposal that all 
tests be performed using a rated frequency of 60 Hz. (CA IOUs, No. 86 
at p. 3) The Efficiency Advocates supported DOE's proposal to specify 
that all small electric motor tests be performed using a rated 
frequency of 60 Hz to remove ambiguity in the test procedure and to 
ensure that the test procedure reflects the operating frequency in the 
U.S. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 87 at p. 2) DOE did not receive any 
comments opposing the proposed definition.
    DOE notes that 60 Hz as the tested input frequency matches the 
frequency experienced by the motor when installed in the field. In 
addition, commenters also recommended DOE require testing at a rated 
frequency of 60 Hz, as noted. Therefore, in this final rule, DOE is 
amending 10 CFR 431.442 to establish a definition of ``rated 
frequency'' as ``60 hertz.''
2. Rated Load
    ``Rated load'' \24\ is a term used in industry standards to specify 
a loading point for motor testing (e.g., sections 5.6 and 6.1 in IEEE 
112-2004, and section 8.2.1 in IEEE 114-2010). Typically, a rated load 
represents a power output expected from the motor (e.g., a horsepower 
value on the nameplate). The rated load will have a corresponding rated 
speed and rated torque. In the April 2019 NOPR, DOE proposed to amend 
10 CFR 431.442 by defining ``rated load'' as ``the rated output power 
of a small electric motor'' (see section III.C for definition of rated 
output power). 84 FR 17004, 17017. DOE also proposed that the rated 
output power (given on the motor nameplate) be used for any reference 
to rated load, full rated load, rated full-load, or full-load in an 
industry standard used for testing small electric motors. Id
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \24\ Also referred to as ``rated full-load,'' ``full rated 
load,'' or ``full-load'' interchangeably.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Efficiency Advocates supported DOE's proposed definition for 
rated load, commenting that this specification will help ensure that 
test procedures are applied consistently. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 87 
at p. 2) The CA IOUs supported the definition for ``rated load'' for 
small electric motors based on NEMA MG 1-2016. (CA IOUs, No. 86 at p. 
3) NEMA commented that qualifying that the rated output power stamped 
on the name plate of a small motor is equivalent to rated load, full 
rated load, rated full load or full-load in an industry standard is 
beneficial and eliminates questions regarding interpretation. (NEMA, 
No. 84 at p. 4)
    Providing a definition for ``rated load'' further ensures the 
comparability of results between motors, and better ensures 
reproducible testing. In addition, qualifying that the rated output 
power is equivalent to rated load, rated full-load, full rated load, or 
full-load in an industry standard used for testing small electric 
motors removes any confusion on the interpretation of terms. Commenters 
also supported clarifying the term ``rated load.'' Accordingly, 
consistent with its proposal, DOE is amending 10 CFR 431.442 to 
establish a definition of ``rated load'' as ``the rated output power of 
a small electric motor.''

[[Page 15]]

3. Rated Voltage
    Industry testing standards use ``rated voltage'' to specify the 
voltage supplied to the motor under test (e.g., section 6.1 in IEEE 
112-2004, section 6.1 in IEEE 112-2017, and section 3 in IEEE 114-
2010). The industry test procedures incorporated into DOE's regulations 
permit manufacturers to select the input voltage for testing. DOE 
proposed to continue to permit small electric motors to be tested at 
the nameplate voltage \25\ value selected by the manufacturer and to 
define ``rated voltage'' at 10 CFR 431.442 as ``the input voltage of a 
small electric motor selected by the motor's manufacturer to be used 
for testing the motor's efficiency.'' 84 FR 17004, 17017-17018.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \25\ The April 2019 NOPR used the term ``nameplate voltage'' but 
DOE does not require that a nameplate be affixed to small electric 
motors. ``Nameplate voltage'' was used generally to describe 
representations made by a manufacturer either on a nameplate affixed 
to the unit or in equipment literature provided by the manufacturer.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In response to the April 2019 NOPR, the Efficiency Advocates 
commented that small electric motors should be tested at all nameplate 
voltages \26\ and were concerned that allowing the manufacturer to 
select the voltage for testing will result in inconsistent ratings 
across products and will allow for gaming of the test procedure because 
of the fact that efficiency can vary with input voltage. The Efficiency 
Advocates suggested that DOE require that small electric motors be 
tested at all nameplate voltages and meet the minimum efficiency 
standards at all nameplate voltages. (Efficiency Advocates, No. 87 at 
p. 3) The CA IOUs opposed allowing motor manufacturers to select the 
voltage to be used when testing small electric motors, asserting that 
this creates uncertainty for consumers as to the motor's energy 
performance in the field. Instead, they recommended a prescribed 
voltage in the test procedure or that the motor be tested at all 
voltages listed on the motor nameplate, and that, if the motor is 
tested at multiple voltages, an efficiency level for each tested 
voltage should be listed on the nameplate. (CA IOUs, No. 86 at p. 3-4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \26\ As discussed previously, DOE does not require that a 
nameplate be affixed to small electric motors. DOE understands the 
commenter to be referring to representations made by a manufacturer 
either on a nameplate affixed to the unit or in equipment literature 
provided by the manufacturer. It is in this context that DOE uses 
the term ``nameplate'' in this document.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the March 2010 final rule, DOE noted that the industry test 
procedures incorporated into DOE's regulations permit manufacturers to 
select the input voltage for testing. 75 FR 10874, 10892. In the April 
2019 NOPR, DOE proposed to maintain the practice of permitting small 
electric motors to be tested at any nameplate voltage value and to 
specify this flexibility by defining the term ``rated voltage'' at 10 
CFR 431.442 as referring to the input voltage of a small electric motor 
selected by the motor's manufacturer to be used for testing the motor's 
efficiency. 84 FR 17004, 17081.
    DOE is adopting the proposed definition of ``rated voltage'' with 
additional clarification. In the April 2019 NOPR, DOE stated that the 
proposed definition of ``rated voltage'' would allow small electric 
motors to be tested at any nameplate voltage value. Id. As noted, DOE 
does not require a nameplate to be affixed to a small electric motor. 
To properly describe the voltages from which the voltage is selected 
for testing, DOE is specifying that the selected input voltage must be 
one of the voltages used by the manufacturer for making representations 
of the small electric motor performance (i.e., a represented input 
voltage). Specifically, DOE is defining ``rated voltage'' as ``the 
input voltage of a small electric motor used when making 
representations of the performance characteristics of a given small 
electric motor and selected by the motor's manufacturer to be used for 
testing the motor's efficiency.'' Based on DOE's experience in 
reviewing manufacturer reports and literature, the additional 
description reflects manufacturer practice (i.e., small electric motors 
are tested at one of the voltages at which manufacturer representations 
are made). The additional language also avoids any potential confusion 
as to the input voltage required for testing.
    DOE is not requiring a specific input voltage for testing. As 
discussed in the April 2019 NOPR, NEMA previously indicated that the 
input voltage setting can affect efficiency, noting that, if DOE were 
to require motors to comply with testing performed at the input voltage 
that resulted in the lowest level of efficiency, manufacturers would be 
forced to redesign these motors, since at least some motors would be 
out of compliance at voltages not currently selected for certification. 
84 FR 17004, 17017-17018. In its prior comment, NEMA explained that 
these redesign efforts would result in larger motors to accommodate the 
additional active material required to create a compliant motor and 
could result in the use of larger frame sizes, which would create 
utility problems for end users of the motors. (NEMA, EERE-2014-BT-CE-
0019, No. 10 at p. 10) While the selection of the input voltage for 
testing may affect the measured efficiency, DOE does not have data to 
fully characterize any such impact.
    Moreover, EPCA requires that the test procedures shall be 
reasonably designed to produce test results which reflect energy 
efficiency of small electric motors during a representative average use 
cycle and shall not be unduly burdensome to conduct. (42 U.S.C. 
6314(a)(1) and (2)) DOE does not have data to indicate that a 
represented input voltage selected by a manufacturer is inappropriately 
representative of the average use of that small electric motor as 
compared to a different represented input voltage. Commenters did not 
provide data to indicate that the represented values being selected by 
manufacturers are not representative of average use. Therefore, DOE is 
maintaining the current test procedure direction allowing manufacturers 
to select the input voltage for testing.

E. Effective and Compliance Date

    The effective date (i.e., the date the final rule is legally 
operative after being published in the Federal Register) for the 
adopted test procedure amendments will be 30 days after publication of 
this final rule in the Federal Register. See 10 CFR part 430, subpart 
C, appendix A, section 12(b) and 10 CFR 431.4 (applying 10 CFR part 
430, subpart C, appendix A to commercial/industrial equipment). The 
compliance date (the specific date when manufacturers are required to 
use the amended test procedures requirements to make representations 
concerning the energy efficiency or use of a small electric motor and 
electric motor, including certification that the covered equipment 
meets an applicable energy conservation standard) is 180 days after the 
date of publication of this final rule in the Federal Register. See id. 
at section 12(c).
    EPCA prescribes that all representations of energy efficiency and 
energy use, including those made on marketing materials and product 
labels, must be made in accordance with an amended test procedure, 
beginning 180 days after publication of the final rule in the Federal 
Register. (42 U.S.C. 6314(d)(1)) EPCA also provides an allowance for 
individual manufacturers of consumer products to petition DOE for an 
extension of the 180-day period if the manufacturer may experience 
undue hardship in meeting the deadline. (42 U.S.C. 6314(d)(2)). To 
receive such an extension, petitions must be filed with DOE no later 
than 60 days before the end of the 180-day period and must detail how 
the

[[Page 16]]

manufacturer will experience undue hardship. (Id.)

F. Test Procedure Costs and Impacts

    EPCA requires that test procedures prescribed by DOE not be unduly 
burdensome to conduct. 42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(2). DOE is amending (1) the 
existing test procedure for small electric motors by clarifying the 
existing scope and testing instructions, updating the reference to 
industry standard IEEE 112 to reference the 2017 version in place of 
the 2014 version, and permitting the use of IEC 60034-2-1:2014 as an 
additional alternative test procedure; and (2) the existing test 
procedure for electric motors by permitting the use of IEC 60034-2-
1:2014 as an additional alternative and equivalent test procedure. DOE 
has determined that the test procedures as amended by this final rule 
will not be unduly burdensome for manufacturers to conduct and instead 
will reduce test burden for manufacturers.
    This final rule will result in a net cost savings to manufacturers, 
as summarized in Table III-1 and Table III-2.

   Table III-1--Summary of Cost Impacts for Small Electric Motors and
                             Electric Motors
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Present value     Discount rate
              Category                 (million 2016$)      (percent)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cost Savings:
    Reduction in Future Testing                     0.2                3
     Costs for Small Electric                       0.1                7
     Motors........................
    Reduction in Future Testing                     3.7                3
     Costs for Electric Motors.....                 1.4                7
Total Net Cost Impact:
                                    ------------------------------------
    Total Net Cost Impact..........               (4.0)                3
                                                  (1.5)                7
------------------------------------------------------------------------


   Table III-2--Summary of Annualized Cost Impacts for Small Electric
                       Motors and Electric Motors
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      Annualized value    Discount rate
              Category                (thousand 2016$)      (percent)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Annualized Cost Savings:
    Reduction in Future Testing                       7                3
     Costs for Small Electric                         6                7
     Motors........................
    Reduction in Future Testing                     112                3
     Costs for Electric Motors.....                 100                7
Total Net Annualized Cost Impact:
                                    ------------------------------------
    Total Net Cost Impact..........               (119)                3
                                                  (106)                7
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Further discussion of the analyses of the cost impact of the test 
procedure amendments is presented in the following paragraphs.
1. Cost Impacts for Small Electric Motors
    The clarifications of the existing scope and test instructions will 
not impose any new requirements on manufacturers of regulated small 
electric motors. Instead, this final rule will provide manufacturers 
with greater certainty in the conduct of the test procedures, offer 
additional equivalent testing options, and do not increase test burden. 
Reference to IEEE 112-2017 in place of IEEE 112-2004 will not increase 
test burden or require new testing. As discussed, results under the 
2017 version of IEEE 112 are equivalent to results from testing under 
the 2004 version. Manufacturers will be able to rely on data generated 
under the current test procedure. Additionally, the incorporation of 
IEC 60034-2-1:2014 as an additional alternative test procedure further 
harmonizes DOE's test procedures with current industry practice and 
international standards. Permitting manufacturers to test according to 
IEC 60034-2-1:2014 enables manufacturers who use IEC 60034-2-1:2014 for 
business purposes (for international markets), or to comply with 
regulatory requirements in other countries, to reduce the number of 
tests that they must perform by removing the need to conduct a test 
according to the CSA or IEEE methods \27\ currently referenced in DOE's 
test procedure for small electric motors. As described in section 
III.B.2, NEMA and UL petitioned that certain portions of IEC test 
procedure 60034-2-1:2014 be adopted as a permitted alternative test 
method for small electric motors and electric motors. UL further noted 
in its petition the increasing use of the IEC test procedure 60034-2-
1:2014 by the industry worldwide.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \27\ CSA 747-09, CSA 390-10, IEEE 112-2017 (per the amended 
reference under this final rule), or IEEE 114-2010 depending on the 
category of small electric motor.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Recognizing that some, but not all, manufacturers already test 
their motors using IEC 60034-2-1:2014, DOE (as explained later in this 
section) assumed that 10 percent \28\ of small electric motor models 
sold in the U.S. that are tested with either the CSA or IEEE methods 
referenced in the Federal test procedure are also tested with the IEC 
60034-2-1 method.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \28\ NEMA and UL did not provide quantitative information 
regarding the number of small electric motors that are tested with 
either the CSA method or the IEEE method, and the IEC method, 
although NEMA commented that this is an increasing trend. Based on a 
review of the market, only a small fraction of motors are designed 
for operation on 50 Hz and 60 Hz power (indicating they are suitable 
for sale in both the U.S. and foreign markets), or use NEMA and IEC 
units of measure (hp vs. kW) and other designators. As noted, the 
U.S. electrical grid is operated at 60 Hz, while many other 
countries and regions (e.g., Europe) operate at 50 Hz.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    To calculate the testing cost reduction associated with allowing 
the IEC 60034-2-1:2014 method for testing small electric motors, DOE 
estimated the number of motor models that would not have to be tested 
to both the amended DOE test procedure and the IEC test

[[Page 17]]

method when brought to market. First, DOE reviewed the product catalogs 
of four major small electric motor manufacturers published over a 
seven-year period.\29\ DOE compared the current product offerings to 
the historical catalogs to identify the total number of new models 
listed over that period of time.\30\ DOE then annualized that total 
number of new models.\31\ Next, DOE scaled up that annualized value 
based on the estimated market share of the manufacturers whose catalogs 
were reviewed. This scaled-up annualized value estimated the total 
number of new models listed for sale each year for the entire U.S. 
market.\32\ Then, DOE estimated that 10 percent of new models would be 
tested each year.\33\ DOE made this estimate based on (1) knowledge 
that many motor models are grouped under a single basic model 
classification (and therefore each individual model would not need to 
be tested), (2) observations that only a fraction of electric motor 
basic models are tested (the remainder have efficiency determined 
through an alternative efficiency determination method [``AEDM'']), and 
(3) recognition that many motor models may have been relabeled or 
rebranded but not redesigned (and therefore no new testing is needed). 
Finally, DOE assumed that 10 percent of small electric motor models 
sold in the U.S. that are tested with either the CSA or IEEE methods 
referenced in the Federal test procedure are also tested with the IEC 
60034-2-1 method. Based on these calculations, DOE determined that 
approximately 1 new small electric motor basic model per year (i.e., 10 
percent of 13) that already would be tested with the IEC 60034-2-1 
method would no longer have to conduct an additional test to comply 
with DOE's amended test procedure when introduced into the U.S market 
and therefore would realize costs savings due to the test procedure 
amendments.\34\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \29\ The seven-year period for which DOE reviewed product 
catalogs was from 2009 to 2016. DOE expects this approach will also 
be representative of the market from 2016 to the present. DOE did 
not receive comment on this approach following the publication of 
the April 2019 NOPR.
    \30\ DOE identified 598 small electric motor models introduced 
into the U.S. market by these four manufacturers during the period 
2009-2016.
    \31\ Based on this count, DOE estimates that these four small 
electric motor manufacturers collectively introduced approximately 
85 small electric motor models into the U.S. market each year.
    \32\ This scaled-up calculation yielded a value of 128 small 
electric motor models introduced each year for the entire U.S. 
market, as DOE assumed these four small electric motor manufacturers 
represented approximately 67 percent of the entire U.S. market.
    \33\ DOE estimates that approximately 13 new small electric 
motor models are tested each year.
    \34\ This yields an estimate of 1.28, since DOE estimates 10 
percent of the 12.8 new small electric motor models introduced each 
year are already tested with the IEC 60034-2-1 method.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE estimated the cost of testing a single small electric motor 
unit to be $2,000 at a third-party facility and approximately $500 at 
an in-house facility.\35\ DOE requires at least five units to be tested 
per basic model. 10 CFR 431.445(c)(2) To estimate in-house testing 
costs, DOE assumed testing a single motor unit requires approximately 
nine hours of a mechanical engineer technician time and three hours 
from a mechanical engineer. The mean hourly wage for a mechanical 
engineer technician is $28.00 and the total hourly compensation paid by 
the employer (including all fringe benefits) is $36.25.\36\ The mean 
hourly wage for a mechanical engineer is $44.62 and the total hourly 
compensation paid by the employer (including all fringe benefits) is 
$57.76.\37\ In addition, DOE assumed that 50 percent of tests are 
conducted at third-party facilities and 50 percent of tests are 
conducted at in-house facilities. Based on these estimates, DOE 
anticipates annual cost savings of approximately $8,000 for the small 
electric motors industry.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \35\ Estimate based on standard rates charged by third party 
laboratories.
    \36\ See Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and 
Wages, 17-3027 Mechanical Engineer Technician, May 2018. https://www.bls.gov/oes/2018/may/oes173027.htm. Last accessed February 20, 
2020. United States Census Bureau, Annual Survey of Manufacturers, 
2016 for NAICS Code 335312 ``Motor and Generator Manufacturing''. 
https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2016/econ/asm/2016-asm.html. Last 
accessed February 20, 2020.
    \37\ See Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and 
Wages, 17-2141 Mechanical Engineer, May 2018. https://www.bls.gov/oes/2018/may/oes172141.htm. Last accessed February 20, 2020.
    United States Census Bureau, Annual Survey of Manufacturers, 
2016 for NAICS Code 335312 ``Motor and Generator Manufacturing''. 
https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2016/econ/asm/2016-asm.html. Last 
accessed February 20, 2020.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Cost Impacts for Electric Motors
    Regarding electric motors, DOE is not amending the scope of 
applicability of the test procedure at Appendix B. Consistent with the 
small electric motors analysis, the incorporation of IEC 60034-2-1:2014 
in this test procedure provides manufacturers additional flexibility by 
permitting an alternative and equivalent test procedure for measuring 
energy loss and would further harmonize DOE's test procedures with 
current industry practice and international standards. DOE expects 
that, for those manufacturers who are already using IEC 60034-2-1:2014, 
this change will reduce the number of tests that manufacturers perform 
by avoiding the need to conduct a test according to the CSA or IEEE 
methods \38\ currently referenced in DOE's test procedure.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \38\ CSA 390-10 or IEEE 112-2017 (per the amended reference 
under this final rule) depending on the category of electric motor.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    To calculate the testing cost reduction associated with allowing 
the IEC 60034-2-1:2014 method for testing electric motors, DOE employed 
a similar methodology to the small electric motors analysis and 
estimated the number of electric motor models that would not have to 
test to both the amended DOE test procedure and the IEC test method 
when brought to market. First, DOE reviewed the product catalogs of 
four major electric motor manufacturers published over a six-year 
period.\39\ DOE compared the current product offerings to the 
historical catalogs to identify the total number of new models listed 
over that period of time.\40\ DOE then annualized that total number of 
new models.\41\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \39\ The six-year period for which DOE reviewed product catalogs 
was from 2010 to 2016. DOE expects this approach will also be 
representative of the market from 2016 to the present. DOE did not 
receive comment on this approach following the publication of the 
April 2019 NOPR.
    \40\ DOE identified 8,110 electric motor models introduced into 
the U.S. market by these four manufacturers during the period 2010-
2016.
    \41\ Based on this count, DOE estimates that these four electric 
motor manufacturers collectively introduced approximately 1,352 
electric motor models into the U.S. market each year.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Next, DOE scaled up that annualized value based on the estimated 
market share of the manufacturers whose catalogs were reviewed. This 
scaled-up annualized value estimated the total number of new models 
listed for sale each year for the entire U.S. market.\42\ Then, DOE 
estimated that only 10 percent of new models would be tested each 
year.\43\ DOE made this estimate based on (1) knowledge that many motor 
models are grouped under a single basic model classification (and 
therefore each individual model would not need to be tested), (2) 
observations that only a fraction of electric motor basic models are 
tested (the remainder have efficiency determined through an AEDM), and 
(3) recognition that many motor models that may have been relabeled or 
rebranded but not redesigned (and therefore no new

[[Page 18]]

testing is needed). Similar to what was done for small electric motors, 
DOE assumed that 10 percent of electric motor models sold in the U.S. 
that are tested with either the CSA or IEEE methods referenced in the 
Federal test procedure are also tested with the IEC 60034-2-1 method. 
Based on these calculations, DOE determined that approximately 20 new 
electric motor basic models per year (i.e., 10 percent of 203) that 
already would be tested with the IEC 60034-2-1 method would no longer 
have to conduct an additional test to comply with DOE's amended test 
procedure when introduced into the U.S market and therefore would 
realize costs savings due to the test procedure amendments.\44\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \42\ This scaled-up calculation yielded a value of 2,028 
electric motor models introduced each year for the entire U.S. 
market, as DOE assumed these four electric motor manufacturers 
represented approximately 67 percent of the entire U.S. market.
    \43\ DOE estimates that approximately 203 new electric motor 
models are tested each year.
    \44\ This yields an estimate of 20.28, since DOE estimates 10 
percent of the 202.8 new electric motor models introduced each year 
are already tested with the IEC 60034-2-1 method.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE estimated the cost of testing a single electric motor unit to 
be $2,000 at a third-party facility and approximately $500 at an in-
house facility. DOE requires at least five units to be tested per basic 
model. 10 CFR 431.17(b)(2) In addition, based on DOE's understanding 
that this equipment is tested both in-house and at third-party testing 
labs, DOE assumed an even split in testing between the two venues. 
Based on these estimates, DOE anticipates annual industry cost savings 
of approximately $127,000 for electric motors that are currently 
subject to the standards at 10 CFR 431.25.
3. Additional Amendments
    The remainder of the amendments adopted in this final rule will not 
impact test costs. The other amendments adopted in this final rule 
include new definitions for ``rated load,'' ``rated output power,'' 
``breakdown torque,'' ``rated frequency,'' and ``rated voltage''. The 
addition of these definitions will improve test procedure 
repeatability. Furthermore, the definitions reflect current industry 
practice, and therefore do not impose any new requirements on 
manufacturers of regulated small electric motors and electric motors.

IV. Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review

A. Review Under Executive Order 12866

    The Office of Management and Budget (``OMB'') has determined that 
this test procedure rulemaking does not constitute a ``significant 
regulatory action'' under section 3(f) of Executive Order (``E.O.'') 
12866, Regulatory Planning and Review, 58 FR 51735 (Oct. 4, 1993). 
Accordingly, this action was not subject to review under the Executive 
Order by the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (``OIRA'') in 
OMB.

B. Review Under Executive Orders 13771 and 13777

    On January 30, 2017, the President issued E.O. 13771, ``Reducing 
Regulation and Controlling Regulatory Costs.'' See 82 FR 9339 (Feb. 3, 
2017). E.O. 13771 stated the policy of the executive branch is to be 
prudent and financially responsible in the expenditure of funds, from 
both public and private sources. E.O. 13771 stated it is essential to 
manage the costs associated with the governmental imposition of private 
expenditures required to comply with Federal regulations.
    Additionally, on February 24, 2017, the President issued E.O. 
13777, ``Enforcing the Regulatory Reform Agenda.'' 82 FR 12285 (March 
1, 2017). E.O. 13777 required the head of each agency designate an 
agency official as its Regulatory Reform Officer (``RRO''). Each RRO 
oversees the implementation of regulatory reform initiatives and 
policies to ensure that agencies effectively carry out regulatory 
reforms, consistent with applicable law. Further, E.O. 13777 requires 
the establishment of a regulatory task force at each agency. The 
regulatory task force is required to make recommendations to the agency 
head regarding the repeal, replacement, or modification of existing 
regulations, consistent with applicable law. At a minimum, each 
regulatory reform task force must attempt to identify regulations that:
    (1) Eliminate jobs, or inhibit job creation;
    (2) Are outdated, unnecessary, or ineffective;
    (3) Impose costs that exceed benefits;
    (4) Create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with 
regulatory reform initiatives and policies;
    (5) Are inconsistent with the requirements of the Information 
Quality Act, or the guidance issued pursuant to that Act, in particular 
those regulations that rely in whole or in part on data, information, 
or methods that are not publicly available or that are insufficiently 
transparent to meet the standard for reproducibility; or
    (6) Derive from or implement Executive Orders or other Presidential 
directives that have been subsequently rescinded or substantially 
modified.
    DOE concludes that this rulemaking is consistent with the 
directives set forth in these executive orders. This final rule is 
estimated to result in a cost savings. The final rule yields annualized 
cost savings of approximately $106,000 using a perpetual time horizon 
discounted to 2016 at a 7 percent discount rate. Therefore, this final 
rule is an E.O. 13771 deregulatory action.

C. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires 
preparation of a final regulatory flexibility analysis (``FRFA'') for 
any final rule where the agency was first required by law to publish a 
rule for public comment, unless the agency certifies that the rule, if 
promulgated, will not have a significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities. As required by E.O. 13272, 
``Proper Consideration of Small Entities in Agency Rulemaking,'' 67 FR 
53461 (Aug. 16, 2002), DOE published procedures and policies on 
February 19, 2003 to ensure that the potential impacts of its rules on 
small entities are properly considered during the DOE rulemaking 
process. 68 FR 7990. DOE has made its procedures and policies available 
on the Office of the General Counsel's website: http://energy.gov/gc/office-general-counsel.
    These amendments would neither expand the scope of test procedure 
applicability to small electric motors beyond those currently subject 
to test procedures, nor would it place additional requirements on those 
small electric motors currently subject to DOE's test procedures. 
Furthermore, this proposal would not place any additional requirements 
on those electric motors that are already subject to DOE's test 
procedures, nor would it require manufacturers to retest existing 
electric motors. Accordingly, manufacturers would not be required under 
this rule to retest any existing small electric motors or electric 
motors already subject to DOE's test procedures.
    These amendments would also not increase testing costs nor would it 
impose any additional testing burden on any manufacturers, including 
all small businesses. Therefore, DOE concludes that the cost effects 
accruing from this rule would not have a ``significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities,'' and that the preparation 
of a FRFA is not warranted. DOE has submitted a certification and 
supporting statement of factual basis to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy 
of the Small Business Administration for review under 5 U.S.C. 605(b).

[[Page 19]]

D. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

    Manufacturers of electric motors must certify to DOE that their 
equipment comply with any applicable energy conservation standards. To 
certify compliance, manufacturers must first obtain test data for their 
equipment according to the DOE test procedures, including any 
amendments adopted for those test procedures. DOE has established 
regulations for the certification and recordkeeping requirements for 
all covered consumer products and industrial equipment, including 
electric motors. (See generally 10 CFR part 431.) The collection-of-
information requirement for the certification and recordkeeping is 
subject to review and approval by OMB under the Paperwork Reduction Act 
(``PRA''). This requirement has been approved by OMB under OMB control 
number 1910-1400. Public reporting burden for the certification is 
estimated to average 35 hours per response, including the time for 
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and 
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the 
collection of information.
    Notwithstanding any other provision of the law, no person is 
required to respond to, nor shall any person be subject to a penalty 
for failure to comply with, a collection of information subject to the 
requirements of the PRA, unless that collection of information displays 
a currently valid OMB Control Number.

E. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

    Pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 
(``NEPA''), DOE has analyzed this action in accordance with NEPA and 
DOE's NEPA implementing regulations (10 CFR part 1021). DOE has 
determined that this rule qualifies for categorical exclusion (``CX'') 
under 10 CFR part 1021, subpart D, Appendix A5 because it is an 
interpretive rulemaking that does not change the environmental effect 
of the rule and meets the requirements for application of a CX. See 10 
CFR 1021.410. Therefore, DOE has determined that promulgation of this 
rule is not a major Federal action significantly affecting the quality 
of the human environment within the meaning of NEPA, and does not 
require an environmental assessment or environmental impact statement.

F. Review Under Executive Order 13132

    Executive Order 13132, ``Federalism,'' 64 FR 43255 (Aug. 10, 1999), 
imposes certain requirements on agencies formulating and implementing 
policies or regulations that preempt State law or that have Federalism 
implications. The Executive Order requires agencies to examine the 
constitutional and statutory authority supporting any action that would 
limit the policymaking discretion of the States and to carefully assess 
the necessity for such actions. The Executive Order also requires 
agencies to have an accountable process to ensure meaningful and timely 
input by State and local officials in the development of regulatory 
policies that have Federalism implications. On March 14, 2000, DOE 
published a statement of policy describing the intergovernmental 
consultation process it will follow in the development of such 
regulations. 65 FR 13735. DOE examined this final rule and determined 
that it will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the 
relationship between the national government and the States, or on the 
distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of 
government. EPCA governs and prescribes Federal preemption of State 
regulations as to energy conservation for the products that are the 
subject of this final rule. States can petition DOE for exemption from 
such preemption to the extent, and based on criteria, set forth in 
EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6297(d)) No further action is required by E.O. 13132.

G. Review Under Executive Order 12988

    Regarding the review of existing regulations and the promulgation 
of new regulations, section 3(a) of E.O. 12988, ``Civil Justice 
Reform,'' 61 FR 4729 (Feb. 7, 1996), imposes on Federal agencies the 
general duty to adhere to the following requirements: (1) Eliminate 
drafting errors and ambiguity; (2) write regulations to minimize 
litigation; (3) provide a clear legal standard for affected conduct 
rather than a general standard; and (4) promote simplification and 
burden reduction. Section 3(b) of E.O. 12988 specifically requires that 
Executive agencies make every reasonable effort to ensure that the 
regulation (1) clearly specifies the preemptive effect, if any; (2) 
clearly specifies any effect on existing Federal law or regulation; (3) 
provides a clear legal standard for affected conduct while promoting 
simplification and burden reduction; (4) specifies the retroactive 
effect, if any; (5) adequately defines key terms; and (6) addresses 
other important issues affecting clarity and general draftsmanship 
under any guidelines issued by the Attorney General. Section 3(c) of 
E.O. 12988 requires Executive agencies to review regulations in light 
of applicable standards in sections 3(a) and 3(b) to determine whether 
they are met or it is unreasonable to meet one or more of them. DOE has 
completed the required review and determined that, to the extent 
permitted by law, this final rule meets the relevant standards of E.O. 
12988.

H. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995

    Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (``UMRA'') 
requires each Federal agency to assess the effects of Federal 
regulatory actions on State, local, and Tribal governments and the 
private sector. Public Law 104-4, sec. 201 (codified at 2 U.S.C. 1531). 
For a regulatory action resulting in a rule that may cause the 
expenditure by State, local, and Tribal governments, in the aggregate, 
or by the private sector of $100 million or more in any one year 
(adjusted annually for inflation), section 202 of UMRA requires a 
Federal agency to publish a written statement that estimates the 
resulting costs, benefits, and other effects on the national economy. 
(2 U.S.C. 1532(a), (b)) The UMRA also requires a Federal agency to 
develop an effective process to permit timely input by elected officers 
of State, local, and Tribal governments on a ``significant 
intergovernmental mandate,'' and requires an agency plan for giving 
notice and opportunity for timely input to potentially affected small 
governments before establishing any requirements that might 
significantly or uniquely affect small governments. On March 18, 1997, 
DOE published a statement of policy on its process for 
intergovernmental consultation under UMRA. 62 FR 12820; also available 
at http://energy.gov/gc/office-general-counsel. DOE examined this final 
rule according to UMRA and its statement of policy and determined that 
the rule contains neither an intergovernmental mandate, nor a mandate 
that may result in the expenditure of $100 million or more in any year, 
so these requirements do not apply.

I. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 
1999

    Section 654 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations 
Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105-277) requires Federal agencies to issue a Family 
Policymaking Assessment for any rule that may affect family well-being. 
This final rule will not have any impact on the autonomy or integrity 
of the family as an institution. Accordingly, DOE has concluded that it 
is not necessary to

[[Page 20]]

prepare a Family Policymaking Assessment.

J. Review Under Executive Order 12630

    DOE has determined, under E.O. 12630, ``Governmental Actions and 
Interference with Constitutionally Protected Property Rights'' 53 FR 
8859 (March 18, 1988), that this regulation will not result in any 
takings that might require compensation under the Fifth Amendment to 
the U.S. Constitution.

K. Review Under Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 
2001

    Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations 
Act, 2001 (44 U.S.C. 3516 note) provides for agencies to review most 
disseminations of information to the public under guidelines 
established by each agency pursuant to general guidelines issued by 
OMB. OMB's guidelines were published at 67 FR 8452 (Feb. 22, 2002), and 
DOE's guidelines were published at 67 FR 62446 (Oct. 7, 2002). DOE has 
reviewed this final rule under the OMB and DOE guidelines and has 
concluded that it is consistent with applicable policies in those 
guidelines.

L. Review Under Executive Order 13211

    E.O. 13211, ``Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly 
Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use,'' 66 FR 28355 (May 22, 
2001), requires Federal agencies to prepare and submit to OMB, a 
Statement of Energy Effects for any significant energy action. A 
``significant energy action'' is defined as any action by an agency 
that promulgated or is expected to lead to promulgation of a final 
rule, and that (1) is a significant regulatory action under Executive 
Order 12866, or any successor order; and (2) is likely to have a 
significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of 
energy; or (3) is designated by the Administrator of OIRA as a 
significant energy action. For any significant energy action, the 
agency must give a detailed statement of any adverse effects on energy 
supply, distribution, or use if the regulation is implemented, and of 
reasonable alternatives to the action and their expected benefits on 
energy supply, distribution, and use.
    This regulatory action is not a significant regulatory action under 
E.O. 12866. Moreover, it would not have a significant adverse effect on 
the supply, distribution, or use of energy, nor has it been designated 
as a significant energy action by the Administrator of OIRA. Therefore, 
it is not a significant energy action, and, accordingly, DOE has not 
prepared a Statement of Energy Effects.

M. Review Under Section 32 of the Federal Energy Administration Act of 
1974

    Under section 301 of the Department of Energy Organization Act 
(Pub. L. 95-91; 42 U.S.C. 7101), DOE must comply with section 32 of the 
Federal Energy Administration Act of 1974, as amended by the Federal 
Energy Administration Authorization Act of 1977. (15 U.S.C. 788; 
``FEAA'') Section 32 essentially provides in relevant part that, where 
a rule authorizes or requires use of commercial standards, the notice 
of rulemaking must inform the public of the use and background of such 
standards. In addition, section 32(c) requires DOE to consult with the 
Attorney General and the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission 
(``FTC'') concerning the impact of the commercial or industry standards 
on competition.
    The modifications to the test procedure for small electric motors 
and electric motors adopted in this final rule incorporate certain 
testing methods contained of the following commercial standards: ``IEC 
60034-2-1:2014, Rotating electrical machines--Part 2-1: Standard 
methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding 
machines for traction vehicles);'' IEC 60034-1:2010, ``Rotating 
electric machines--Part 1: Rating and performance;'' IEC 60051-1:2016, 
``Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments 
and their accessories--Part 1: Definitions and general requirements 
common to all parts;'' ``IEEE 112-2017, IEEE Standard Test Procedure 
for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators;'' and NEMA MG 1-2016 
Motors and Generators. DOE has evaluated these standards and is unable 
to conclude whether they fully comply with the requirements of section 
32(b) of the FEAA (i.e., whether they were developed in a manner that 
fully provides for public participation, comment, and review.) DOE has 
consulted with both the Attorney General and the Chairman of the FTC 
about the impact on competition of using the methods contained in these 
standards and has received no comments objecting to their use.

N. Congressional Notification

    As required by 5 U.S.C. 801, DOE will report to Congress on the 
promulgation of this rule before its effective date. The report will 
state that it has been determined that the rule is not a ``major rule'' 
as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).

O. Description of Materials Incorporated by Reference

    In this final rule, DOE incorporates by reference standards 
published by IEC, IEEE and NEMA. The IEC standard, titled ``IEC 60034-
2-1:2014 Rotating electrical machines--Part 2-1: Standard methods for 
determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for 
traction vehicles),'' is an alternative industry standard to those 
currently incorporated by reference (IEEE 112-2004, IEEE 114-2010, CSA 
C747-09, and CSA C390-10) for measurement of small electric motor 
efficiency and electric motor efficiency (See section III.B for more 
details).
    IEC 60034-2-1:2014 establishes methods of determining efficiencies 
from tests and to specify methods of obtaining specific losses. In 
addition, DOE incorporates by reference two additional IEC standards, 
titled ``IEC 60034-1:2010, Rotating electrical machines--Part 1: Rating 
and performance'' and ``IEC 60051-1:2016, Direct acting indicating 
analogue measuring instruments and their accessories--Part 1: 
Definitions and general requirements common to all parts.'' IEC 60034-
1:2010 and IEC 60051-1:2016 specify test conditions and procedures that 
are required for application of the test methods for measurement of 
energy efficiency established in IEC 60034-2-1:2014.
    The IEEE standard, titled ``IEEE 112-2017, Test Procedure for 
Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators'' establishes methods of 
measurement for current and frequency for both small electric motors 
and electric motors. DOE incorporates IEEE 112-2017 Test Method A and 
Test Method B as an update to the industry test methods that are 
currently incorporated by reference from IEEE 112-2004 (See section 
III.B for more details). Such action will harmonize the permitted test 
methods under subparts X (for small electric motors) and B (for 
electric motors) of 10 CFR part 431 and align measurement and 
instrumentation requirements with industry practice.
    The NEMA standard, titled ``NEMA MG 1-2016 Motors and Generators'' 
establishes industry definitions for breakdown torque of small electric 
motors (See section III.C for more details).
    In summary, DOE incorporates by reference the following standards:
    (1) IEC 60034-2-1:2014, ``Rotating electrical machines--Part 2-1: 
Standard methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests 
(excluding machines for traction vehicles)''.

[[Page 21]]

    (2) IEC 60034-1:2010, ``Rotating electric machines--Part 1: Rating 
and performance''.
    (3) IEC 60051-1:2016, ``Direct acting indicating analogue 
electrical measuring instruments and their accessories--Part 1: 
Definitions and general requirements common to all parts''.
    (4) IEEE 112-2017, ``IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase 
Induction Motors and Generators''.
    (5) NEMA MG 1-2016, ``Motors and Generators''.
    Copies of these standards can be obtained from the organizations 
directly at the following addresses:
     IEC, 3 rue de Varemb[eacute], 1st Floor, P.O. Box 131, 
CH--1211 Geneva 20--Switzerland, +41 22 919 02 11, or by visiting 
https://webstore.iec.ch/home.
     IEEE, 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855-
1331, (732) 981-0060, or by visiting http://www.ieee.org.
     NEMA, 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 900, Arlington, 
Virginia 22209, +1 703 841 3200, or by visiting https://www.nema.org.

IV. Approval of the Office of the Secretary

    The Secretary of Energy has approved publication of this final 
rule.

List of Subjects in 10 CFR Part 431

    Administrative practice and procedure, Confidential business 
information, Energy conservation test procedures, Incorporation by 
reference, and Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Signing Authority

    This document of the Department of Energy was signed on December 
11, 2020, by Daniel R Simmons, Assistant Secretary for Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, pursuant to delegated authority from 
the Secretary of Energy. That document with the original signature and 
date is maintained by DOE. For administrative purposes only, and in 
compliance with requirements of the Office of the Federal Register, the 
undersigned DOE Federal Register Liaison Officer has been authorized to 
sign and submit the document in electronic format for publication, as 
an official document of the Department of Energy. This administrative 
process in no way alters the legal effect of this document upon 
publication in the Federal Register.

    Signed in Washington, DC, on December 11, 2020.
Treena V. Garrett,
Federal Register Liaison Officer, U.S. Department of Energy.

    For the reasons stated in the preamble, DOE is amending part 431 of 
Chapter II of Title 10, Code of Federal Regulations as set forth as 
follows:

PART 431--ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAM FOR CERTAIN COMMERCIAL AND 
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT

0
1. The authority citation for part 431 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  42 U.S.C. 6291-6317; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note.


0
2. Section 431.12 is amended by revising the definition of 
``Accreditation'' to read as follows:


Sec.  431.12   Definitions.

* * * * *
    Accreditation means recognition by an accreditation body that a 
laboratory is competent to test the efficiency of electric motors 
according to the scope and procedures given in IEEE 112-2017 Test 
Method B, CSA C390-10, or IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B 
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.15).
* * * * *

0
3. Section 431.15 is amended by:
0
a. Throughout this section, removing the words ``subpart B of part 
431'' and adding, in their place, ``this subpart''
0
b. Revising paragraph (a);
0
c. Redesignating paragraph (c)(4) as paragraph (c)(7) and paragraphs 
(c)(2) and (3) as paragraphs (c)(4) and (5), respectively;
0
d. Adding new paragraphs (c)(2), (3), and (6); and
0
e. Revising paragraph (d)(1).
    The additions and revisions read as follows:


Sec.  431.15   Materials incorporated by reference.

    (a) General. Certain material is incorporated by reference into 
this subpart with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register 
under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other 
than that specified in this section, the Department of Energy must 
publish a document in the Federal Register and the material must be 
available to the public. Standards can be obtained from the sources 
below. All approved material is available for inspection at U.S. 
Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 
Building Technologies Program, Sixth Floor, 950 L'Enfant Plaza SW, 
Washington, DC 20024, (202) 586-2945, or go to http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/. It is also 
available at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). 
For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email: 
[email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html.
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (2) IEC 60034-1, Edition 12.0 2010-02, (``IEC 60034-1:2010''), 
Rotating Electrical Machines--Part 1: Rating and Performance, IBR 
approved for appendix B to this subpart.
    (3) IEC 60034-2-1:2014, Edition 2.0 2014-06, (``IEC 60034-2-
1:2014''), Rotating electrical machines--Part 2-1: Standard methods for 
determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for 
traction vehicles), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  431.12; 431.19; 431.20; 
appendix B to this subpart.
* * * * *
    (6) IEC 60051-1:2016, Edition 6.0 2016-02, (``IEC 60051-1:2016''), 
Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and 
their accessories--Part 1: Definitions and general requirements common 
to all parts, IBR approved for appendix B to this subpart.
* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (1) IEEE 112\TM\-2017 (``IEEE 112-2017''), IEEE Standard Test 
Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators, approved 
December 6, 2017, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  431.12; 431.19; 431.20; 
appendix B to this subpart.
* * * * *

0
4. Section 431.19 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(4) and (c)(4) 
to read as follows:


Sec.  431.19   Department of Energy recognition of accreditation 
bodies.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (4) It must be expert in the content and application of the test 
procedures and methodologies in IEEE 112-2017 Test Method B, CSA C390-
10, or IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B, (incorporated by reference, 
see Sec.  431.15).
    (c) * * *
    (4) Expertise in electric motor test procedures. The petition 
should set forth the organization's experience with the test procedures 
and methodologies in IEEE 112-2017 Test Method B, CSA C390-10, or IEC 
60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B, (incorporated by

[[Page 22]]

reference, see Sec.  431.15). This part of the petition should include 
items such as, but not limited to, a description of prior projects and 
qualifications of staff members. Of particular relevance would be 
documentary evidence that establishes experience in applying the 
guidelines contained in the ISO/IEC Guide 25, General Requirements for 
the Competence of Calibration and Testing Laboratories, (referenced for 
guidance only, see Sec.  431.14) to energy efficiency testing for 
electric motors.
* * * * *

0
5. Section 431.20 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(4) and (c)(4) 
to read as follows:


Sec.  431.20   Department of Energy recognition of nationally 
recognized certification programs.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (4) It must be expert in the content and application of the test 
procedures and methodologies in IEEE 112-2017 Test Method B, CSA C390-
10, or IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B, (incorporated by reference, 
see Sec.  431.15). It must have satisfactory criteria and procedures 
for the selection and sampling of electric motors tested for energy 
efficiency.
    (c) * * *
    (4) Expertise in electric motor test procedures. The petition 
should set forth the program's experience with the test procedures and 
methodologies in IEEE 112-2017 Test Method B, CSA C390-10, or IEC 
60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B, (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  
431.15). This part of the petition should include items such as, but 
not limited to, a description of prior projects and qualifications of 
staff members. Of particular relevance would be documentary evidence 
that establishes experience in applying guidelines contained in the 
ISO/IEC Guide 25, General Requirements for the Competence of 
Calibration and Testing Laboratories (referenced for guidance only, see 
431.14) to energy efficiency testing for electric motors.
* * * * *

0
6. Appendix B to subpart B of part 431 is amended by:
0
a. Removing the introductory note;
0
b. Adding Section 0;
0
c. Revising Section 2;
0
d. Removing Section 3;
0
e. Redesignating Sections 4, 4.1,4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, and 4.8 
as Sections 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, and 3.8 respectively;
0
f. Revising newly redesignated Section 3; and
0
g. In newly redesignated Section 3.8, remove ``IEEE 112 (Test Method 
B)'' at each occurrence and add in its place, ``IEEE 112-2017 Test 
Method B.''
    The additions and revisions read as follows:

Appendix B to Subpart B of Part 431--Uniform Test Method for Measuring 
Nominal Full Load Efficiency of Electric Motors

0. Incorporation by Reference

    (a) In Sec.  431.15, DOE incorporated by reference the entire 
standard for CSA C390-10, IEC 60034-1:2010, IEC 60034-2-1:2014, IEC 
60051-1:2016, and IEEE 112-2017; however, only enumerated provisions 
of those documents are applicable as follows:
    (i) CSA C390-10:
    (1) Section 1.3 ``Scope,'' as specified in section 2(1) of this 
appendix;
    (2) Section 3.1 ``Definitions,'' as specified in section 2(1) of 
this appendix;
    (3) Section 5 ``General test requirements--Measurements,'' as 
specified in section 2(1) of this appendix;
    (4) Section 7 ``Test method,'' as specified in section 2(1) of 
this appendix;
    (5) Table 1 ``Resistance measurement time delay,'' as specified 
in section 2(1) of this appendix;
    (6) Annex B ``Linear regression analysis,'' as specified in 
section 2(1) of this appendix; and
    (7) Annex C ``Procedure for correction of dynamometer torque 
readings'' as specified in section 2(1) of this appendix.
    (ii) IEC 60034-1:2010:
    (1) Section 7.2 as specified in section 2(2) of this appendix;
    (2) Section 8.6.2.3.3 as specified in section 2(2) of this 
appendix; and
    (3) Table 5 as specified in section 2(2) of this appendix.
    (iii) IEC 60034-2-1:2014:
    (1) Method 2-1-1B as specified in section 2(2) and section 3, of 
this appendix;
    (2) Section 3 ``Terms and definitions'' as specified in section 
2(2) of this appendix;
    (3) Section 4 ``Symbols and abbreviations'' as specified in 
section 2(2) of this appendix;
    (4) Section 5 ``Basic requirements'' as specified in section 
2(2) of this appendix; and
    (5) Section 6.1.3 ``Method 2-1-1B--Summation of losses, 
additional load losses according to the method of residual losses'' 
as specified in section 2(2) of this appendix.
    (iv) IEEE 112-2017:
    (1) Test Method B, Input-Output With Loss Segregation as 
specified in section 2(3), section 3, and section 3.8 of this 
appendix;
    (2) Section 3 ``General'' as specified in section 2(3) of this 
appendix;
    (3) Section 4 ``Measurements'' as specified in section 2(3) of 
this appendix;
    (4) Section 5 ``Machine losses and tests for losses'' as 
specified in section 2(3) of this appendix;
    (5) Section 6.1 ``General'' as specified in section 2(3) of this 
appendix;
    (6) Section 6.4 ``Efficiency test method B--Input-output with 
loss segregation'' as specified in section 2(3) of this appendix; 
and
    (7) Section 9.4 ``Form B--Method B'', and Section 9.5 ``Form 
B2--Method B calculations'' as specified in section 2(3) of this 
appendix.
    (b) In Sec.  431.15, DOE incorporated by reference the following 
enumerated provisions of NEMA MG 1-2009:
    (i) Paragraph 12.58.1, ``Determination of Motor Efficiency and 
Losses'' as specified in the introductory paragraph to section 2 of 
this appendix, and
    (ii) [Reserved]
    (c) In cases where there is a conflict, the language of this 
appendix takes precedence over those documents. Any subsequent 
amendment to a referenced document by the standard-setting 
organization will not affect the test procedure in this appendix, 
unless and until the test procedure is amended by DOE. Material is 
incorporated as it exists on the date of the approval, and a notice 
of any change in the material will be published in the Federal 
Register.
* * * * *

2. Test Procedures

    Efficiency and losses must be determined in accordance with NEMA 
MG 1-2009 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.15), paragraph 
12.58.1, ``Determination of Motor Efficiency and Losses,'' and one 
of the following testing methods:
    (1) CSA C390-10 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.15), 
Section 1.3 ``Scope'', Section 3.1 ``Definitions'', Section 5 
``General test requirements--Measurements'', Section 7 ``Test 
method'', Table 1 ``Resistance measurement time delay'', Annex B 
``Linear regression analysis'' and Annex C ``Procedure for 
correction of dynamometer torque readings.''
    (2) IEC 60034-2-1:2014 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  
431.15), Method 2-1-1B, Section 3 ``Terms and definitions'', Section 
4 ``Symbols and abbreviations'', Section 5 ``Basic requirements'', 
Section 6.1.3 ``Method 2-1-1B--Summation of losses, additional load 
losses according to the method of residual losses.'' The supply 
voltage shall be in accordance with section 7.2 of IEC 60034-1:2010 
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.15). The measured 
resistance at the end of the thermal test shall be determined in a 
similar way to the extrapolation procedure described in section 
8.6.2.3.3 of IEC 60034-1:2010, using the shortest possible time 
instead of the time interval specified in Table 5 therein, and 
extrapolating to zero. The measuring instruments for electrical 
quantities shall have the equivalent of an accuracy class of 0,2 in 
case of a direct test and 0,5 in case of an indirect test in 
accordance with IEC 60051-1:2016 (incorporated by reference, see 
Sec.  431.15), or
    (3) IEEE 112-2017, (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  
431.15), Test Method B, Input-Output With Loss Segregation, Section 
3 ``General'', Section 4 ``Measurements'', Section 5 ``Machine 
losses and tests for losses'', Section 6.1 ``General'', Section 6.4 
``Efficiency test method B--Input-output with loss segregation'', 
Section 9.4 ``Form B--Method B'', and Section 9.5 ``Form B2--Method 
B calculations.''

3. Procedures for the Testing of Certain Electric Motor Types

    Prior to testing according to CSA C390-10, IEC 60034-2-1:2014 
Method 2-1-1B, or IEEE

[[Page 23]]

112-2017 Test Method B, each basic model of the electric motor types 
listed below must be set up in accordance with the instructions of 
this section to ensure consistent test results. These steps are 
designed to enable a motor to be attached to a dynamometer and run 
continuously for testing purposes. For the purposes of this 
appendix, a ``standard bearing'' is a 6000 series, either open or 
grease-lubricated double-shielded, single-row, deep groove, radial 
ball bearing.
* * * * *

0
7. Section 431.442 is amended by adding, in alphabetical order, 
definitions for ``Breakdown torque'', ``Rated frequency'', ``Rated 
load'', ``Rated output power'', and ``Rated voltage'', to read as 
follows:


Sec.  431.442   Definitions.

* * * * *
    Breakdown torque means the maximum torque that the motor will 
develop with rated voltage and frequency applied without an abrupt drop 
in speed. The breakdown torque is the local maximum of the torque-speed 
plot of the motor, closest to the synchronous speed of the motor, 
determined in accordance with NEMA MG 1-2016 (incorporated by 
reference, see Sec.  431.443).
* * * * *
    Rated frequency means 60 hertz.
    Rated load (or full load, full rated load, or rated full load) 
means the rated output power of a small electric motor.
    Rated output power means the mechanical output power that 
corresponds to the small electric motor's breakdown torque as specified 
in NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 10-5 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  
431.443) for single-phase motors or 140 percent of the breakdown torque 
values specified in NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 10-5 for polyphase motors. For 
purposes of this definition, NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 10-5 is applied 
regardless of whether elements of NEMA MG 1-2016 Table 10-5 are 
identified as for small or medium motors.
    Rated voltage means the input voltage of a small electric motor 
used when making representations of the performance characteristics of 
a given small electric motor and selected by the motor's manufacturer 
to be used for testing the motor's efficiency.
* * * * *

0
8. Section 431.443 is amended by:
0
a. Revising paragraph (a);
0
b. Redesignating paragraph (c) as (d);
0
c. Adding new paragraph (c);
0
d. Revising newly redesignated paragraph (d)(1); and
0
e. Adding paragraph (e).
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  431.443   Materials incorporated by reference.

    (a) General. Certain material is incorporated by reference into 
subpart X of part 431 with the approval of the Director of the Federal 
Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Material is 
incorporated as it exists on the date of the approval, and a 
notification of any change in the material will be published in the 
Federal Register. Standards can be obtained from the sources below. All 
approved material is available for inspection at U.S. Department of 
Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building 
Technologies Program, Sixth Floor, 950 L'Enfant Plaza SW, Washington, 
DC 20024, (202) 586-2945, or go to http://www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/appliance_standards/. It is also available at the National 
Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the 
availability of this material at NARA, email: [email protected], or 
go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html.
* * * * *
    (c) IEC. International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de 
Varemb[eacute], 1st Floor, P.O. Box 131, CH--1211 Geneva 20--
Switzerland, +41 22 919 02 11, or go to https://webstore.iec.ch/home.
    (1) IEC 60034-1, Edition 12.0 2010-02, (``IEC 60034-1:2010''), 
Rotating electrical machines--Part 1: Rating and performance, IBR 
approved for Sec. Sec.  431.444.
    (2) IEC 60034-2-1:2014, Edition 2.0 2014-06, (``IEC 60034-2-
1:2014''), Rotating electrical machines--Part 2-1: Standard methods for 
determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for 
traction vehicles), IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  431.444, and 431.447.
    (3) IEC 60051-1:2016, Edition 6.0 2016-02, (``IEC 60051-1:2016), 
Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and 
their accessories--Part 1: Definitions and general requirements common 
to all parts, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  431.444.
    (d) * * *
    (1) IEEE 112\TM\-2017 (``IEEE 112-2017''), IEEE Standard Test 
Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators, approved 
December 6, 2017, IBR approved for Sec. Sec.  431.444, and 431.447.
* * * * *
    (e) NEMA. National Electrical Manufacturers Association, 1300 North 
17th Street, Suite 900, Arlington, Virginia 22209, +1 703 841 3200, or 
go to https://www.nema.org.
    (1) NEMA MG 1-2016, American National Standard for Motors and 
Generators, ANSI approved June 1, 2018, IBR approved for Sec.  431.442.
    (2) [Reserved]

0
9. Section 431.444 is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  431.444   Test Procedures for the measurement of energy 
efficiency of small electric motors.

    (a) Scope. Pursuant to section 346(b)(1) of EPCA, this section 
provides the test procedures for measuring the full-load efficiency of 
small electric motors pursuant to EPCA. (42 U.S.C. 6317(b)(1)) For 
purposes of this part 431 and EPCA, the test procedures for measuring 
the efficiency of small electric motors shall be the test procedures 
specified in paragraph (b) of this section.
    (b) Testing and Calculations. Determine the full-load efficiency of 
a small electric motor using one of the test methods listed in this 
paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section.
    (1) Incorporation by reference: In Sec.  431.443, DOE incorporated 
by reference the entire standard for CSA C747-09, CSA C390-10, IEC 
60034-1:2010, IEC 60034-2-1:2014, IEC 60051-1:2016, IEEE 112-2017, and 
IEEE 114-2010 into this section; however, only enumerated provisions of 
those documents referenced in this section are applicable as follows:
    (i) CSA C747-09:
    (A) Section 1.6 ``Scope'' as specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(ii) and 
(b)(3)(ii) of this section;
    (B) Section 3 ``Definitions'' as specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(ii) 
and (b)(3)(ii) of this section;
    (C) Section 5 ``General test requirements'' as specified in 
paragraphs (b)(2)(ii) and (b)(3)(ii) of this section; and
    (D) Section 6 ``Test method'' as specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(ii) 
and (b)(3)(ii) of this section.
    (ii) CSA C390-10:
    (A) Section 1.3, ``Scope'' as specified in paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of 
this section;
    (B) Section 3.1, ``Definitions'' as specified in paragraph 
(b)(4)(ii) of this section;
    (C) Section 5, ``General test requirements--Measurements'' as 
specified in paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section;
    (D) Section 7, ``Test method'' as specified in paragraph (b)(4)(ii) 
of this section;
    (E) Table 1, ``Resistance measurement time delay'' as specified in 
paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section;
    (F) Annex B, ``Linear regression analysis'' as specified in 
paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section; and
    (G) Annex C, ``Procedure for correction of dynamometer torque

[[Page 24]]

readings'' as specified in paragraph (b)(4)(ii) of this section.
    (iii) IEC 60034-1:2010:
    (A) Section 7.2 as specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(iii), 
(b)(3)(iii), and (b)(4)(iii) of this section;
    (B) Section 8.6.2.3.3 as specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(iii), 
(b)(3)(iii), and (b)(4)(iii) of this section; and
    (C) Table 5 as specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(iii), (b)(3)(iii), 
and (b)(4)(iii) of this section.
    (iv) IEC 60034-2-1:2014:
    (A) Method 2-1-1A as specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(iii) and 
(b)(3)(iii) of this section;
    (B) Method 2-1-1B as specified in paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this 
section;
    (C) Section 3 ``Terms and definitions'' as specified in paragraphs 
(b)(2)(iii), (b)(3)(iii), and (b)(4)(iii) of this section;
    (D) Section 4 ``Symbols and abbreviations'' as specified in 
paragraphs (b)(2)(iii), (b)(3)(iii), (b)(4)(iii) of this section;
    (E) Section 5 ``Basic requirements'' as specified in paragraphs 
(b)(2)(iii), (b)(3)(iii), and (b)(4)(iii) of this section;
    (F) Section 6.1.2 ``Method 2-1-1A--Direct measurement of input and 
output'' (except Section 6.1.2.2, ``Test Procedure'') as specified in 
paragraphs (b)(2)(iii) and (b)(3)(iii) of this section;
    (G) Section 6.1.3 ``Method 2-1-1B--Summations of losses, additional 
load losses according to the method of residual losses'' as specified 
in paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section; and
    (H) Annex D, ``Test report template for 2-1-1B'' as specified in 
paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section.
    (v) IEC 60051-1:2016:
    (A) Section 5.2 as specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(iii), (b)(3)(iii) 
and (b)(4)(iii), of this section; and
    (B) [Reserved]
    (vi) IEEE 112-2017:
    (A) Test Method A as specified in paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this 
section;
    (B) Test Method B as specified in paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this 
section;
    (C) Section 3, ``General'' as specified in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) and 
(b)(4)(i) of this section;
    (D) Section 4, ``Measurements'' as specified in paragraphs 
(b)(3)(i) and (b)(4)(i) of this section;
    (E) Section 5, ``Machine losses and tests for losses'' as specified 
in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) and (b)(4)(i) of this section;
    (F) Section 6.1, ``General'' as specified in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) 
and (b)(4)(i) of this section;
    (G) Section 6.3, ``Efficiency test method A--Input-output'' as 
specified in paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section;
    (H) Section 6.4, ``Efficiency test method B--Input-output'' as 
specified in paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section;
    (I) Section 9.2, ``Form A--Method A'' as specified in paragraph 
(b)(3)(i) of this section;
    (J) Section 9.3, ``Form A2--Method A calculations'' as specified in 
paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section;
    (K) Section 9.4, ``Form B--Method B'' as specified in paragraph 
(b)(4)(i) of this section; and
    (L) Section 9.5, ``Form B2--Method B calculations'' as specified in 
paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section.
    (vii) IEEE 114-2010:
    (A) Section 3.2, ``Test with load'' as specified in paragraph 
(b)(2)(i) of this section;
    (B) Section 4, ``Testing Facilities as specified in paragraph 
(b)(2)(i) of this section;
    (C) Section 5, ``Measurements'' as specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) 
of this section;
    (D) Section 6, ``General'' as specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of 
this section;
    (E) Section 7, ``Type of loss'' as specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) 
of this section;
    (F) Section 8, ``Efficiency and Power Factor'' as specified in 
paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section;
    (G) Section 10 ``Temperature Tests'' as specified in paragraph 
(b)(2)(i) of this section;
    (H) Annex A, Section A.3 ``Determination of Motor Efficiency'' as 
specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section; and
    (I) Annex A, Section A.4 ``Explanatory notes for form 3, test 
data'' as specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section.
    (viii) In cases where there is a conflict, the language of this 
appendix takes precedence over those documents. Any subsequent 
amendment to a referenced document by the standard-setting organization 
will not affect the test procedure in this appendix, unless and until 
the test procedure is amended by DOE.
    (2) Single-phase small electric motors. For single-phase small 
electric motors, use one of the following methods:
    (i) IEEE 114-2010, Section 3.2, ``Test with load'', Section 4, 
``Testing Facilities, Section 5, ``Measurements'', Section 6, 
``General'', Section 7, ``Type of loss'', Section 8, ``Efficiency and 
Power Factor''; Section 10 ``Temperature Tests'', Annex A, Section A.3 
``Determination of Motor Efficiency'', Annex A, Section A.4 
``Explanatory notes for form 3, test data'';
    (ii) CSA C747-09, Section 1.6 ``Scope'', Section 3 ``Definitions'', 
Section 5, ``General test requirements'', and Section 6 ``Test 
method'';
    (iii) IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A, Section 3 ``Terms and 
definitions'', Section 4 ``Symbols and abbreviations'', Section 5 
``Basic requirements'', and Section 6.1.2 ``Method 2-1-1A--Direct 
measurement of input and output'' (except Section 6.1.2.2, ``Test 
Procedure''). The supply voltage shall be in accordance with section 
7.2 of IEC 60034-1:2010 (incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.443). 
The measured resistance at the end of the thermal test shall be 
determined in a similar way to the extrapolation procedure described in 
section 8.6.2.3.3 of IEC 60034-1:2010, using the shortest possible time 
instead of the time interval specified in Table 5 therein, and 
extrapolating to zero. The measuring instruments for electrical 
quantities shall have the equivalent of an accuracy class of 0,2 in 
case of a direct test and 0,5 in case of an indirect test in accordance 
with section 5.2 of IEC 60051-1:2016 (incorporated by reference, see 
Sec.  431.443).
    (A) Additional IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A Torque Measurement 
Instructions.
    If using IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A to measure motor 
performance, follow the instructions in paragraph (b)(2)(iii)(B) of 
this section, instead of section 6.1.2.2 of IEC 60034-2-1:2014;
    (B) Couple the machine under test to a load machine. Measure torque 
using an in-line, shaft-coupled, rotating torque transducer or 
stationary, stator reaction torque transducer. Operate the machine 
under test at the rated load until thermal equilibrium is achieved 
(rate of change 1 K or less per half hour). Record U, I, Pel, n, T, 
[thgr]c.
    (3) Polyphase small electric motors of less than or equal to 1 
horsepower (0.75 kW). For polyphase small electric motors with 1 
horsepower or less, use one of the following methods:
    (i) IEEE 112-2017 Test Method A, Section 3, ``General'', Section 4, 
``Measurements'', Section 5, ``Machine losses and tests for losses'', 
Section 6.1, ``General'', Section 6.3, ``Efficiency test method A--
Input-output'', Section 9.2, ``Form A--Method A'', and Section 9.3, 
``Form A2--Method A calculations'';
    (ii) CSA C747-09, Section 1.6 ``Scope'', Section 3 ``Definitions'', 
Section 5, ``General test requirements'', and Section 6 ``Test 
method'';
    (iii) IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A, Section 3 ``Terms and 
definitions'', Section 4 ``Symbols and abbreviations'', Section 5 
``Basic requirements'', and Section 6.1.2 ``Method 2-1-1A--Direct 
measurement of input and output'' (except Section 6.1.2.2, ``Test 
Procedure''). The supply voltage shall be in accordance with section 
7.2 of IEC 60034-1:2010. The measured resistance at the end of the 
thermal test shall be determined in a similar way to the

[[Page 25]]

extrapolation procedure described in section 8.6.2.3.3 of IEC 60034-
1:2010 using the shortest possible time instead of the time interval 
specified in Table 5 therein, and extrapolating to zero. The measuring 
instruments for electrical quantities shall have the equivalent of an 
accuracy class of 0,2 in case of a direct test and 0,5 in case of an 
indirect test in accordance with section 5.2 of IEC 60051-1:2016.
    (A) Additional IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A Torque Measurement 
Instructions.
    If using IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A to measure motor 
performance, follow the instructions in paragraph (b)(3)(iii)(B) of 
this section, instead of section 6.1.2.2 of IEC 60034-2-1:2014;
    (B) Couple the machine under test to load machine. Measure torque 
using an in-line shaft-coupled, rotating torque transducer or 
stationary, stator reaction torque transducer. Operate the machine 
under test at the rated load until thermal equilibrium is achieved 
(rate of change 1 K or less per half hour). Record U, I, Pel, n, T, 
[thgr]c.
    (4) Polyphase small electric motors of greater than 1 horsepower 
(0.75 kW). For polyphase small electric motors exceeding 1 horsepower, 
use one of the following methods:
    (i) IEEE 112-2017 Test Method B, Section 3, ``General''; Section 4, 
``Measurements''; Section 5, ``Machine losses and tests for losses'', 
Section 6.1, ``General'', Section 6.4, ``Efficiency test method B--
Input-output with loss segregation'', Section 9.4, ``Form B--Method 
B'', and Section 9.5, ``Form B2--Method B calculations''; or
    (ii) CSA C390-10, Section 1.3, ``Scope'', Section 3.1, 
``Definitions'', Section 5, ``General test requirements--
Measurements'', Section 7, ``Test method'', Table 1, ``Resistance 
measurement time delay, Annex B, ``Linear regression analysis'', and 
Annex C, ``Procedure for correction of dynamometer torque readings''; 
or
    (iii) IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B Section 3 ``Terms and 
definitions'', Section 4 ``Symbols and abbreviations'', Section 5 
``Basic requirements'', Section 6.1.3 ``Method 2-1-1B--Summation of 
losses, additional load losses according to the method of residual 
losses.'', and Annex D, ``Test report template for 2-1-1B. The supply 
voltage shall be in accordance with section 7.2 of IEC 60034-1:2010. 
The measured resistance at the end of the thermal test shall be 
determined in a similar way to the extrapolation procedure described in 
section 8.6.2.3.3 of IEC 60034-1:2010 using the shortest possible time 
instead of the time interval specified in Table 5 therein, and 
extrapolating to zero. The measuring instruments for electrical 
quantities shall have the equivalent of an accuracy class of 0,2 in 
case of a direct test and 0,5 in case of an indirect test in accordance 
with section 5.2 of IEC 60051-1:2016.

0
10. Section 431.447 is amended by revising paragraphs (b)(4) and 
(c)(4), to read as follows:


Sec.  431.447   Department of Energy recognition of nationally 
recognized certification programs.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (4) It must be expert in the content and application of the test 
procedures and methodologies in IEEE 112-2017 Test Method A, IEEE 112-
2017 Test Method B, IEEE 114-2010, IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A, 
IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B, CSA C390-10, or CSA C747-09 
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.443) or similar procedures 
and methodologies for determining the energy efficiency of small 
electric motors. It must have satisfactory criteria and procedures for 
the selection and sampling of electric motors tested for energy 
efficiency.
    (c) * * *
    (4) Expertise in small electric motor test procedures. The petition 
should set forth the program's experience, as applicable, with the test 
procedures and methodologies in, IEEE 112-2017 Test Method A, IEEE 112-
2017 Test Method B, IEEE 114-2010, IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1A, 
IEC 60034-2-1:2014 Method 2-1-1B, CSA C390-10, and CSA C747-09 
(incorporated by reference, see Sec.  431.443) and with similar 
procedures and methodologies. This part of the petition should include 
items such as, but not limited to, a description of prior projects and 
qualifications of staff members. Of particular relevance would be 
documentary evidence that establishes experience in applying guidelines 
contained in the ISO/IEC Guide 25, General Requirements for the 
Competence of Calibration and Testing Laboratories to energy efficiency 
testing for electric motors.
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 2020-27662 Filed 12-31-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P