[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 251 (Thursday, December 31, 2020)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 86871-86876]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-28931]


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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

Internal Revenue Service

26 CFR Part 300

[REG-114615-16]
RIN 1545-BP75


User Fee for Estate Tax Closing Letter

AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: This document contains proposed regulations establishing a new 
user fee for authorized persons who wish to request the issuance of IRS 
Letter 627, also referred to as an estate tax closing letter. The 
Independent Offices Appropriations Act of 1952 authorizes charging user 
fees in appropriate circumstances. The proposed regulations affect 
persons who request an estate tax closing letter.

DATES: Written or electronic comments and requests for a public hearing 
must be received by March 1, 2021. Requests for a public hearing must 
be submitted as prescribed in the ``Comments and Requests for a Public 
Hearing'' section.

ADDRESSES: Commenters are strongly encouraged to submit public comments 
electronically. Submit electronic submissions via the Federal 
eRulemaking Portal at http://www.regulations.gov (indicate IRS and REG-
114615-16) by following the online instructions for submitting 
comments. Once submitted to the Federal eRulemaking Portal, comments 
cannot be edited or withdrawn. The IRS expects to have limited 
personnel available to process public comments that are submitted on 
paper through mail. Until further notice, any comments submitted on 
paper will be considered to the extent practicable. The Department of 
the Treasury (Treasury Department) and the IRS will publish for public 
availability any comment submitted electronically, and to the extent 
practicable on paper, to its public docket. Send paper submissions to: 
CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG-114615-16), Room 5203, Internal Revenue Service, P.O. 
Box 7604, Ben Franklin Station, Washington, DC 20044.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Concerning submissions of comments 
and/or requests for a public hearing, Regina Johnson, at (202) 317-
5177; concerning cost methodology, Michael Weber, at (202) 803-9738; 
concerning the proposed regulations, Juli Ro Kim, at (202) 317-6859 
(not toll-free numbers).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

[[Page 86872]]

Background and Explanation of Provisions

A. Overview

    This document contains proposed amendments to the User Fee 
Regulations (26 CFR part 300) to establish a user fee applicable to 
requests for estate tax closing letters provided by the IRS to an 
authorized person. (The term ``authorized person'' is used herein to 
refer to a decedent's estate or other person properly authorized under 
section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) to receive, and 
therefore, to request, an estate tax closing letter with respect to the 
estate.) The IRS issues estate tax closing letters upon request of an 
authorized person only after an estate tax return (generally, Form 706, 
United States Estate (and Generation-Skipping Transfer) Tax Return) has 
been accepted by the IRS (1) as filed, (2) after an adjustment to which 
the estate has agreed, or (3) after an adjustment in the deceased 
spousal unused exclusion (DSUE) amount. An estate tax closing letter 
informs an authorized person of the acceptance of the estate tax return 
and certain other return information, including the amount of the net 
estate tax, the State death tax credit or deduction, and any 
generation-skipping transfer tax for which the estate is liable.\1\
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    \1\ In the context of a Form 706 (a ``return'' as defined in 
section 6103(b)(1)), the term ``return information'' is broadly 
defined in section 6103(b)(2) to include not only information 
appearing on the Form 706, but also whether the estate's return was, 
is being, or will be examined or subject to other investigation or 
processing, or any other data, received by, recorded by, prepared 
by, furnished to, or collected by the Secretary of the Treasury or 
his delegate (Secretary) with respect to the Form 706 or with 
respect to the determination of the existence, or possible 
existence, of liability (or the amount thereof) of any person under 
the Code for any tax, penalty, interest, fine, forfeiture, or other 
imposition, or offense.
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    The IRS understands that knowledge of the acceptance by the IRS of 
the estate tax return--including the amount of the gross estate and the 
estate tax liability--is important to executors or other persons 
administering estates because of the unique nexus between an estate's 
Federal estate tax obligations and State and local law obligations to 
administer and close a probate estate. This knowledge aids an 
executor's ability to make the final division and distribution of 
estate assets and to avoid potential personal liability for unpaid 
estate tax in making such distribution. Personal liability can be 
imposed on an executor when the executor makes preferential payments to 
creditors or distributions to beneficiaries, leaving insufficient funds 
for the full payment of the tax owed to the government. See 31 U.S.C. 
3713(b). On the other hand, an estate tax closing letter does not 
indicate whether any of the estate tax has been paid or the amount of 
estate tax that has been paid.
    The estate tax closing letter also includes relevant procedural and 
substantive explanations. Addressing the potential for conflating an 
estate tax closing letter with a formal closing agreement, the letter 
confirms that it is not a formal closing agreement with the IRS that is 
described under section 7121 of the Code. Additionally, the estate tax 
closing letter explains that, consistent with Rev. Proc. 2005-32, 2005-
1 C.B. 1206, the IRS will not reopen or examine the estate tax return 
to determine the estate tax liability of a decedent's estate unless the 
estate notifies the IRS of changes to the estate tax return or if there 
is (1) evidence of fraud, malfeasance, collusion, concealment, or 
misrepresentation of a material fact, (2) a clearly defined substantial 
error based upon an established IRS position, or (3) a serious 
administrative omission. However, the estate tax closing letter does 
not limit or foreclose future adjustments to the DSUE amount shown on 
the estate tax return, so the estate tax closing letter further 
explains that the IRS has authority to examine returns of a decedent in 
the context of determining the DSUE amount for portability purposes. 
(See part C of this section for a discussion of portability of the DSUE 
amount.) Finally, the estate tax closing letter includes explanations 
related to the potential application of sections 6166 and 6324A 
(installment payments and special extended lien), 2204 (discharge of 
personal liability), and 6324 (estate tax lien). Currently, the IRS 
does not charge for providing an estate tax closing letter to 
authorized persons.

B. June 2015 Change to IRS Practice in Issuing Estate Tax Closing 
Letters

    The practice of issuing estate tax closing letters to authorized 
persons is not mandated by any provision of the Code or other statutory 
requirement. Instead, the practice is fundamentally a customer service 
convenience offered to authorized persons in view of the unique nature 
of estate tax return filings and the bearing of an estate's Federal 
estate tax obligations on the obligation to administer and close a 
probate estate under applicable State and local law. Essentially, the 
practice takes into account estates' and stakeholders' need for 
information regarding the status of an estate's Federal tax obligations 
in administering and closing a probate estate. Prior to June 2015, the 
IRS generally issued an estate tax closing letter for every estate tax 
return filed. However, for estate tax returns filed on or after June 1, 
2015, the IRS changed its practice and now offers an estate tax closing 
letter only upon the request of an authorized person.
    The IRS changed its practice of issuing estate tax closing letters 
for every filed Form 706 for two primary reasons. First, the volume of 
estate tax return filings increased at the same time that the IRS 
experienced additional budget and resource constraints. In particular, 
the number of estate tax filings increased dramatically due to the 
enactment in December 2010 of portability of a deceased spouse's unused 
applicable exclusion amount (DSUE amount) for the benefit of a 
surviving spouse. (See part C for a discussion of the impact of 
portability of the DSUE amount on estate tax filings.) Second, the IRS 
recognized that an account transcript with a transaction code and 
explanation of ``421--Closed examination of tax return'' is an 
available alternative to the estate tax closing letter. See Notice 
2017-12, I.R.B. 2017-5 (describing the utility of the account 
transcript in lieu of the estate tax closing letter and its 
availability at no charge). Notwithstanding these considerations, the 
IRS was aware that executors, local probate courts, State tax 
departments, and others had come to rely on the convenience of estate 
tax closing letters and the return information and procedural and 
substantive explanations such letters provided for confirmation that 
the examination of the estate tax return by the IRS had been completed 
and the IRS file had been closed. Accordingly, in 2015 the IRS decided 
to continue providing the service of issuing estate tax closing 
letters, still at no charge, but only upon the request of an authorized 
person.
    Until restrictions were added due to the ongoing Coronavirus 
Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, an authorized person was able to 
request an estate tax closing letter by telephone or fax. Now, due to 
the COVID-19 pandemic, an authorized person may request an estate tax 
closing letter only by fax (current procedure and details available at 
http://www.irs.gov).

C. The Continuing Impact of Portability on Estate Tax Return Filings

    Portability of the DSUE amount became effective for estates of 
decedents dying after December 31, 2010, upon enactment of the Tax 
Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 
2010, Public Law 111-312, 124 Stat.

[[Page 86873]]

3296, 3302 (Dec. 17, 2010), and became permanent upon enactment of the 
American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, Public Law 112-240, 126 Stat. 
2313 (January 2, 2013). In order to elect portability of the DSUE 
amount for the benefit of the surviving spouse, the estate of the 
deceased spouse must timely file an estate tax return, even if the sum 
of the value of the gross estate and the amount of adjusted taxable 
gifts is insufficient to trigger a filing requirement under section 
6018(a). In calendar year 2016, the number of estate tax returns filed 
solely to elect portability of the DSUE amount was approximately 
20,000, compared to approximately 12,000 estate tax returns filed 
because of a filing requirement under section 6018(a).

D. Establishment of User Fee for Estate Tax Closing Letters

    The IRS continues to experience significant budget and resource 
constraints that require the IRS to allocate its existing resources as 
efficiently as possible. The volume of estate tax return filings 
remains high (approximately 30,500 estate tax returns filed in 2018), 
in large part attributable to estate tax returns that are filed for 
estates having no tax liability or filing requirement under section 
6018 and that are filed solely to elect portability of the DSUE amount 
for the benefit of the surviving spouse of a decedent.
    While the practice of issuing estate tax closing letters is 
intended as a customer service convenience to authorized persons based 
on an understanding of the unique nexus between an estate's Federal 
estate tax obligations and the estate's obligations under applicable 
local law for State and local estate and inheritance taxes and to 
administer and close a probate estate, the Treasury Department and the 
IRS received feedback from taxpayers and practitioners that the 
procedure for requesting an estate tax closing letter can be 
inconvenient and burdensome. When requests had been accepted by 
telephone, a request could not be made until the IRS's examination of 
the estate tax return had been completed. Taxpayer representatives, 
therefore, often needed to repeat the telephone request, sometimes 
multiple times, before the request could be accepted by the IRS. 
Currently, the instructions on http://www.irs.gov advise that, prior to 
faxing a request, an account transcript should be requested and 
reviewed to ensure the transaction code and explanation of ``421--
Closed examination of tax return'' are present. Account transcripts are 
available online to registered tax professionals using the IRS's 
Transcript Delivery System (TDS) or to authorized persons making 
requests using Form 4506-T.
    In view of the resource constraints and purpose of issuing estate 
tax closing letters as a convenience to authorized persons, the IRS has 
identified the provision of estate tax closing letters as an 
appropriate service for which to establish a user fee to recover the 
costs that the government incurs in providing such letters. 
Accordingly, the Treasury Department and the IRS propose establishing a 
user fee for estate tax closing letter requests (see parts E and F for 
explanation of the authority to establish the user fee). As currently 
determined, the user fee is $67, as detailed in part H.
    Guidance on the procedure for requesting an estate tax closing 
letter and paying the associated user fee is not provided in these 
proposed regulations. The Treasury Department and the IRS expect to 
implement a procedure that will improve convenience and reduce burden 
for authorized persons requesting estate tax closing letters by 
initiating a one-step, web-based procedure to accomplish the request of 
the estate tax closing letter as well as the payment of the user fee. 
As presently contemplated, a Federal payment website, such as http://www.pay.gov, will be used and multiple requests will not be necessary. 
The Treasury Department and the IRS believe implementing such a one-
step procedure will reduce the current administrative burden on 
authorized persons in requesting estate tax closing letters and will 
limit the burden associated with the establishment of a user fee for 
providing such service.

E. User Fee Authority

    The Independent Offices Appropriations Act of 1952 (IOAA) (31 
U.S.C. 9701) authorizes each agency to promulgate regulations 
establishing the charge for services provided by the agency (user 
fees). The IOAA provides that these user fee regulations are subject to 
policies prescribed by the President and shall be as uniform as 
practicable. Those policies are currently set forth in the Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-25, 58 FR 38142 (July 15, 1993; 
OMB Circular).
    The IOAA states that the services provided by an agency should be 
self-sustaining to the extent possible. 31 U.S.C. 9701(a). The OMB 
Circular states that agencies providing services that confer special 
benefits on identifiable recipients beyond those accruing to the 
general public must identify those services, determine whether user 
fees should be assessed for those services, and, if so, establish user 
fees that recover the full cost of providing those services.
    As required by the IOAA and the OMB Circular, agencies are to 
review user fees biennially and update them as necessary to reflect 
changes in the cost of providing the underlying services. During these 
biennial reviews, an agency must calculate the full cost of providing 
each service, taking into account all direct and indirect costs to any 
part of the U.S. Government. The full cost of providing a service 
includes, but is not limited to, salaries, retirement benefits, rents, 
utilities, travel, and management costs, as well as an appropriate 
allocation of overhead and other support costs associated with 
providing the service.
    An agency should set the user fee at an amount that recovers the 
full cost of providing the service unless the agency requests, and the 
OMB grants, an exception to the full cost requirement. The OMB may 
grant exceptions only where the cost of collecting the fees would 
represent an unduly large part of the fee for the activity, or where 
any other condition exists that, in the opinion of the agency head, 
justifies an exception. When the OMB grants an exception, the agency 
does not collect the full cost of providing the service and therefore 
must fund the remaining cost of providing the service from other 
available funding sources. When the OMB grants an exception, the 
agency, and by extension all taxpayers, subsidize the cost of the 
service to the recipients who otherwise would be required to pay the 
full cost of providing the service, as the IOAA and the OMB Circular 
directs.

F. Special Benefits Conferred by Issuance of Estate Tax Closing Letters

    The issuance of an estate tax closing letter, and the return 
information and procedural and substantive explanations such letters 
provide, constitutes the provision of a service and confers special 
benefits on identifiable recipients beyond those accruing to the 
general public. Upon receipt of an estate tax closing letter, 
authorized persons can make use of the return information and 
procedural and substantive explanations provided in the letter for non-
Federal tax purposes, for example, to facilitate the executor's ability 
to make the final distribution of estate assets and to respond as 
needed to non-Federal tax authorities and entities, such as local 
probate courts, State tax departments, and private stakeholders. 
Further, executors of such estates can make use of the return 
information pertaining to the estate's Federal tax

[[Page 86874]]

liability to avoid potential personal liability for payment of the tax 
under 31 U.S.C. 3713.
    Moreover, letters comparable to estate tax closing letters are not 
universally available or provided to taxpayers filing Federal tax 
returns other than estate tax returns, upon request by authorized 
persons or otherwise. By comparison, account transcripts are 
universally provided by the IRS upon request to all taxpayers. After 
issuing Notice 2017-12 to publicize the availability and utility of an 
account transcript as an alternative in lieu of an estate tax closing 
letter, the feedback the IRS received from stakeholders reflects a 
definite preference for the return information and procedural and 
substantive explanations provided by the IRS in an estate tax closing 
letter. While the IRS will continue to offer transcripts as an 
alternative in lieu of estate tax closing letters at no charge, an 
authorized person may choose which service best supports their needs 
based upon the specific circumstances of the decedent's estate. Estate 
tax closing letters are uniquely available for authorized persons that 
have need of such special benefits.
    For these reasons, the issuance of an estate tax closing letter 
constitutes the provision of a service and confers special benefits to 
authorized persons requesting such letters beyond those accruing to the 
general public. Accordingly, the IRS is authorized, pursuant to the 
IOAA and the OMB Circular, to charge a user fee for the issuance of an 
estate tax closing letter that reflects the full cost of providing this 
service. See also section 6103(p)(2)(B) (allowing for a reasonable fee 
for furnishing return information to any person).

G. Calculation of User Fees Generally

    User fee calculations begin by first determining the full cost for 
the service. The IRS follows the guidance provided by the OMB Circular 
to compute the full cost of the service, which includes all indirect 
and direct costs to any part of the U.S. Government including but not 
limited to direct and indirect personnel costs, physical overhead, 
rents, utilities, travel, and management costs. The IRS's cost 
methodology is described later in this part G.
    Once the total amount of direct and indirect costs associated with 
a service is determined, the IRS follows the guidance in the OMB 
Circular to determine the costs associated with providing the service 
to each recipient, which represents the average per unit cost of that 
service. This average per unit cost is the amount of the user fee that 
will recover the full cost of the service.
    The IRS follows generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), as 
established by the Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB), 
in calculating the full cost of providing services. The FASAB Handbook 
of Accounting Standards and Other Pronouncements, as amended, which is 
available at http://files.fasab.gov/pdffiles/2019_fasab-handbook.pdf, 
includes the Statement of Federal Financial Accounting Standards 4: 
Managerial Cost Accounting Standards and Concepts (SFFAS No. 4) for the 
Federal Government. SFFAS No. 4 establishes internal costing standards 
under GAAP to accurately measure and manage the full cost of Federal 
programs. The methodology described in the remainder of this part G is 
in accordance with SFFAS No. 4.
1. Cost Center Allocation
    The IRS determines the cost of its services and the activities 
involved in producing them through a cost accounting system that tracks 
costs to organizational units. The lowest organizational unit in the 
IRS's cost accounting system is called a cost center. Cost centers are 
usually separate offices that are distinguished by subject-matter area 
of responsibility or geographic region. All costs of operating a cost 
center are recorded in the IRS's cost accounting system and are 
allocated to that cost center. The costs allocated to a cost center are 
the direct costs for the cost center's activities as well as all 
indirect costs, including overhead, associated with that cost center. 
Each cost is recorded in only one cost center.
2. Determining the per Unit Cost
    To establish the per unit cost, the total cost of providing the 
service is divided by the volume of services provided. The volume of 
services provided includes both services for which a fee is charged as 
well as subsidized services. The subsidized services are those where 
OMB has approved an exception to the full cost requirement, for 
example, to charge a reduced fee to low-income taxpayers. The volume of 
subsidized services is included in the total volume of services 
provided to ensure that the IRS, and not those who are paying full 
cost, subsidizes the cost of the reduced-cost services.
3. Cost Estimation of Direct Labor and Benefits
    Not all cost centers are fully devoted to only one service for 
which the IRS charges a user fee. Some cost centers work on a number of 
different services. In these cases, the IRS estimates the cost incurred 
in those cost centers attributable to the service for which a user fee 
is being calculated by measuring the time required to accomplish 
activities related to the service, and estimating the average time 
required to accomplish these activities. The average time required to 
accomplish these activities is multiplied by the relevant 
organizational unit's average labor and benefits cost per unit of time 
to determine the labor and benefits cost incurred to provide the 
service. To determine the full cost, the IRS then adds an appropriate 
overhead charge, as discussed in part G.4.
4. Calculating Overhead
    Overhead is an indirect cost of operating an organization that 
cannot be immediately associated with an activity that the organization 
performs. Overhead includes costs of resources that are jointly or 
commonly consumed by one or more organizational unit's activities but 
are not specifically identifiable to a single activity.
    These costs can include:
     General management and administrative services of 
sustaining and support organizations;
     Facilities management and ground maintenance services 
(security, rent, utilities, and building maintenance);
     Procurement and contracting services;
     Financial management and accounting services;
     Information technology services;
     Services to acquire and operate property, plants, and 
equipment;
     Publication, reproduction, and graphics and video 
services;
     Research, analytical, and statistical services;
     Human resources/personnel services; and
     Library and legal services.
    To calculate the overhead allocable to a service, the IRS 
multiplies a corporate overhead rate (Corporate Overhead rate) by the 
direct labor and benefits costs determined as discussed above in part 
G.3. The Corporate Overhead rate is the ratio of the sum of the IRS's 
indirect labor and benefits costs from the supporting and sustaining 
organizational units--those that do not interact directly with 
taxpayers--and all non-labor costs to the IRS's labor and benefits 
costs of its organizational units that interact directly with 
taxpayers. The IRS calculates the Corporate Overhead rate annually 
based on cost elements underlying the Statement of Net Cost included in 
the IRS Annual Financial Statements, which are audited

[[Page 86875]]

by the Government Accountability Office.
    The Corporate Overhead rate of 74 percent (rounded to the nearest 
hundredth) for costs reviewed during fiscal year (FY) 2018 was 
calculated based on (FY) 2017 costs, as follows:

Indirect Labor and Benefits Costs: $1,705,152,274
Non-Labor Costs: + $3,213,504,014
Total Indirect Costs: $4,918,656,288
Direct Labor and Benefits Costs: / $6,640,044,003
Corporate Overhead Rate: 74.08%

H. Description and Tables Showing Full Cost Determination for Estate 
Tax Closing Letter

    The IRS followed the guidance provided by the OMB Circular to 
compute the full cost of issuing estate tax closing letters to an 
authorized person. The OMB Circular explains that the full cost 
includes all indirect and direct costs to any part of the Federal 
Government including but not limited to direct and indirect personnel 
costs, physical overhead, rents, utilities, travel, and management 
costs.
1. Request Processing Costs
    Requests for estate tax closing letters are processed by GS Grade 5 
and Grade 8 customer service representatives. Grade 5 representatives 
perform 80 percent of the work and Grade 8 representatives perform the 
remaining 20 percent of the work. The customer service representative 
verifies that the request is authorized and that the address 
information is correct. Because a separate estate tax closing letter is 
prepared for each executor, responding to requests often requires more 
than one letter, with an average of three letters per request. It 
requires approximately 0.65 staff hours for a customer service 
representative to review the return, create the estate tax closing 
letters, and prepare the letters for mailing. The IRS received an 
average of 17,249 requests for estate tax closing letters in FY 2017 
and FY 2018 requiring 11,154 staff hours.
    Total hours allocated to the cost must also include indirect hours 
for campus employees. Indirect hours are calculated by multiplying the 
direct hours by the indirect rate for employees, which is 60 percent. 
Using this information, IRS determined the total staff hours to process 
requests for estate tax closing letters are 17,846 as follows:

Staff Hours: 11,154
Indirect Hours (60%): 6,692
Total Hours: 17,846

    To determine the labor and benefits costs, IRS converted total 
hours to full time employees (FTE) by dividing the total hours by 
2,080, which is the number of hours worked by a full time employee 
during the year, resulting in 8.58 FTE. IRS calculated the cost per FTE 
by adding 80 percent of the average salary and benefits for a GS 5 to 
20 percent of the average salary and benefits for a GS 8 campus 
employee and determined the cost of labor and benefits related to this 
program is $ 578,831 (rounded to the nearest whole dollar), as follows:

GS-5 Salary and Benefits ($62,330 x 80%): $49,864
GS-8 Salary and Benefits ($87,993 x 20%): $17,599
Total Cost per FTE: $67,463
Total FTE: 8.58
Total Labor & Benefits for processing requests: $578,831
2. Quality Assurance Review Costs
    Outgoing estate tax closing letters are subjected to quality review 
performed by GS 8 Grade quality assurance professionals. Specifically, 
five of every 100 estate tax closing letters mailed are reviewed for 
quality assurance. A quality assurance professional opens the return to 
(1) ensure the estate tax closing letter was authorized, (2) verify 
that the correct information was included in the letter, and (3) verify 
the address information. Quality assurance professionals then document 
their review. On average, quality assurance professionals spend .5 
staff hours to review one estate tax closing letter. The estimated 
labor hours for quality assurance related to estate tax closing letters 
are 1,294, determined as follows:

Estimated Volume of Requests: 17,249
Average Number of Letters per Request: x 3
Total Letters Available for Review: 51,747
Estimated Letters Reviewed (5%): 2,587
Hours per Review: x 0.5
Estimated Quality Assurance Hours: 1,294
Indirect Hours (60%): 776
Total Quality Assurance Hours: 2,070
Total FTE: 1.00
Cost Per Grade 8: $87,993
Total Salary and Benefits for Quality Assurance: $87,563
3. Overhead Calculation
    The IRS applied the Corporate Overhead rate to the labor and 
benefits costs to calculate the full cost for issuing an estate tax 
closing letter. The full cost of the program is $ 1,160,058, determined 
as follows:

Total Processing Labor & Benefits: $578,831
Total Quality Assurance Labor & Benefits: $87,563
Total Labor and Benefits: $666,394
Corporate Overhead (74.08%): + $493,664
Full Cost: $1,160,058

    To calculate the cost per request, IRS divided $ 1,160,058 by the 
volume of 17,249 requests. The cost to issue an estate tax closing 
letter is $ 67 (rounded to the nearest whole dollar), determined as 
follows:

Full Cost: $1,160,058
Estimated Volume: / 17,249
Cost Per Request: $67

Proposed Applicability Date

    These regulations are proposed to apply to requests for an estate 
tax closing letter received by the IRS after the date that is 30 days 
after the date of publication in the Federal Register of a Treasury 
decision adopting these rules as final regulations.

Special Analyses

    This regulation is not subject to review under section 6(b) of 
Executive Order 12866 pursuant to the Memorandum of Agreement (April 
11, 2018) between the Treasury Department and the Office of Management 
and Budget regarding review of tax regulations. Pursuant to the 
Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 6), it is hereby certified 
that these regulations will not have a significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities. The proposed regulations, which 
prescribe a fee to obtain a particular service, affect decedents' 
estates, which generally are not ``small entities'' as defined under 5 
U.S.C. 601(6). Thus, these regulations have no economic impact on small 
entities. In addition, the dollar amount of the fee ($67 as currently 
determined) is not substantial enough to have a significant economic 
impact on any entities that could be affected by establishing such a 
fee. Accordingly, the Secretary certifies that the rule will not have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
    Pursuant to section 7805(f) of the Code, this notice of proposed 
rulemaking will be submitted to the Chief Counsel for the Office of 
Advocacy of the Small Business Administration for comment on its impact 
on small business.

Comments and Requests for a Public Hearing

    Before these proposed regulations are adopted as final regulations, 
consideration will be given to any comments that are submitted timely 
to the IRS as prescribed in this preamble under the ADDRESSES heading. 
The Treasury Department and IRS request

[[Page 86876]]

comments on all aspects of the proposed regulations. Any electronic 
comments submitted, and to the extent practicable any paper comments 
submitted, will be available at http://www.regulations.gov or upon 
request.
    A public hearing will be scheduled if requested in writing by any 
person who timely submits electronic or written comments as prescribed 
in this preamble under the DATES heading. Requests for a public hearing 
are also encouraged to be made electronically. If a public hearing is 
scheduled, notice of the date and time for the public hearing will be 
published in the Federal Register. Announcement 2020-4, 2020-17 I.R.B. 
1, provides that until further notice, public hearings conducted by the 
IRS will be held telephonically. Any telephonic hearing will be made 
accessible to people with disabilities.

Drafting Information

    The principal author of these regulations is Juli Ro Kim of the 
Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Passthroughs and Special 
Industries). Other personnel from the Treasury Department and the IRS 
participated in the development of the regulations.

Statement of Availability of IRS Documents

    IRS Revenue Procedures, Revenue Rulings notices, and other guidance 
cited in this document are published in the Internal Revenue Bulletin 
(or Cumulative Bulletin) and are available from the Superintendent of 
Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office, Washington, DC 20402, or 
by visiting the IRS website at http://www.irs.gov.

List of Subjects in 26 CFR Part 300

    Estate taxes, Excise taxes, Gift taxes, Income taxes, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, User fees.

Proposed Amendments to the Regulations

    Accordingly, 26 CFR part 300 is proposed to be amended as follows:

PART 300--USER FEES

0
Paragraph 1. The authority citation for part 300 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  31 U.S.C. 9701.

0
Par. 2. Section 300.0 is amended by adding paragraph (b)(13) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  300.0  User fees; in general.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (13) Requesting an estate tax closing letter.
0
Par. 3. Section 300.13 is added to read as follows:


Sec.  300.13   Fee for estate tax closing letter.

    (a) Applicability. This section applies to the request by a person 
described in paragraph (c) of this section for an estate tax closing 
letter from the IRS.
    (b) Fee. The fee for issuing an estate tax closing letter is $67.
    (c) Person liable for the fee. The person liable for the fee is the 
estate of the decedent or other person properly authorized under 
section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code to receive and therefore to 
request the estate tax closing letter with respect to the estate.
    (d) Applicability date. This section applies to requests received 
by the IRS after [date that is 30 days after these regulations are 
published as final regulations in the Federal Register].

Douglas W. O'Donnell,
Acting Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2020-28931 Filed 12-29-20; 4:15 pm]
BILLING CODE 4830-01-P