[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 210 (Thursday, October 29, 2020)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 68421-68429]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-21437]



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 Rules and Regulations
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  Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 210 / Thursday, October 29, 2020 / 
Rules and Regulations  

[[Page 68421]]



DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Agricultural Marketing Service

7 CFR Part 51

[Document Number AMS-SC-17-0076, SC-18-327]


U.S. Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States Other 
Than Florida, California, and Arizona) and U.S. Standards for Grades of 
Oranges (Texas and States Other Than Florida, California, and Arizona)

AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing Service, USDA.

ACTION: Final rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) of the U.S. 
Department of Agriculture (USDA) is revising the U.S. Standards for 
Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, California, 
and Arizona) and the U.S. Standards for Grades of Oranges (Texas and 
States other than Florida, California, and Arizona). The revision will 
convert the Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) tables from showing the 
acceptable number of allowable defective fruit in each grade to showing 
the percentage of defects permitted in each grade; revise the minimum 
sample size to 25 fruit; update size classifications; remove references 
to Temple oranges from the orange standards for grade; and more closely 
align terminology in both grade standards with Florida and California 
citrus standards.

DATES: Effective November 30, 2020.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Olivia L. Banks, USDA, Specialty Crops 
Inspection Division, 100 Riverside Parkway, Suite 101, Fredericksburg, 
VA 22406; by phone (540) 361-1120; fax (540) 361-1199; or, email 
[email protected]. Copies of the revised U.S. Standards for Grades 
of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than Florida, California, and 
Arizona) and U.S. Standards for Grades of Oranges (Texas and States 
other than Florida, California, and Arizona) are available at https://www.ams.usda.gov/grades-standards/fruits.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The changes convert the AQL tables in the 
U.S. Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than 
Florida, California, and Arizona) and the U.S. Standards for Grades of 
Oranges (Texas and States other than Florida, California, and Arizona) 
from showing the acceptable number of allowable defective fruit in each 
grade to showing the percentage of defects permitted in each grade, 
revise minimum sample size to 25 fruit, update size classifications, 
remove reference to Temple orange in the orange standards for grade, 
and more closely align terminology in both grade standards with Florida 
and California citrus standards. These revisions also affect the grade 
requirements under the marketing order (Order) Oranges and Grapefruit 
Grown in Lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas, 7 CFR part 906, issued under 
the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 (7 U.S.C. 601-674) and 
applicable imports.

Executive Orders 12866, 13771, and 13563

    This rule falls within a category of regulatory actions that the 
Office of Management and Budget (OMB) exempted from Executive Order 
12866 review. Additionally, because this rule does not meet the 
definition of a significant regulatory action, it does not trigger the 
requirements contained in Executive Order 13771. See OMB's Memorandum 
titled ``Interim Guidance Implementing Section 2 of the Executive Order 
of January 30, 2017, titled `Reducing Regulation and Controlling 
Regulatory Costs' '' (February 2, 2017). Executive Orders 12866 and 
13563 direct agencies to assess all costs and benefits of available 
regulatory alternatives and, if regulation is necessary, to select 
regulatory approaches that maximize net benefits, including potential 
economic, environmental, public health and safety effects, and 
distributive impacts and equity. Executive Order 13563 emphasizes the 
importance of quantifying both costs and benefits, reducing costs, 
harmonizing rules, and promoting flexibility.

Executive Order 13175

    This action has been reviewed in accordance with the requirements 
of Executive Order 13175, Consultation and Coordination with Indian 
Tribal Governments. The review reveals that this regulation would not 
have substantial and direct effects on Tribal governments and would not 
have significant Tribal implications.

Executive Order 12988

    This rule has been reviewed under Executive Order 12988, Civil 
Justice Reform. It is not intended to have retroactive effect. There 
are no administrative procedures that must be exhausted prior to any 
judicial challenge to the provisions of this rule.

Background

    AMS continuously reviews fruit and vegetable grade standards to 
assess their effectiveness in the industry and to modernize language. 
On September 20, 2016, AMS received a request from the TVCC to 
modernize the language of and clarify the Texas citrus standards by 
removing outdated AQL tables. The standards were last revised in 
September 2003. AMS worked closely with the TVCC throughout the 
development of the proposed revisions, soliciting their comments and 
suggestions about the standards through discussion drafts that outlined 
the conversion from AQL tables to a defined percentage of defects 
permitted in each grade. The revised percentages correspond to those 
currently allowed in the AQL tables and more closely align with 
California and Florida orange and grapefruit standards.
    Additional revisions to the Texas grapefruit standard include 
adding size 64 to the size classifications to align with sizes in the 
Order; changing the minimum sample size from 33 to 25 fruit; and 
changing the scoring basis for defects from a 70-size fruit to a 4\1/
8\-inch grapefruit. Revisions to the Texas orange standard also include 
adding size 163 to the size classifications to align with sizes in the 
Order; changing the minimum sample size from 50 to 25 fruit; changing 
the scoring basis for defects from a 200-size fruit to a 2\7/8\-inch 
orange; and removing Temple oranges from the standard.
    AMS also conducted a grapefruit shape survey with the TVCC to 
identify areas of the standards for revision in

[[Page 68422]]

order to more closely align the Texas citrus standards with those of 
Florida and California. On May 23, 2018, AMS met with the TVCC to 
review the proposed revisions. These efforts culminated with the TVCC 
submitting a petition to AMS on June 12, 2018 to revise the U.S. 
standards for Texas oranges and grapefruit as discussed and approved at 
the May 2018 meeting. The revisions more closely align terminology 
related to defects and grade requirements with the Florida citrus grade 
standards as requested by the TVCC and align the standards with current 
industry practices.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    Pursuant to requirements set forth in the Regulatory Flexibility 
Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601-612), AMS has considered the economic impact of 
this rule on small entities. Accordingly, AMS has prepared this 
regulatory flexibility analysis.
    The purpose of the RFA is to fit regulatory actions to the scale of 
businesses subject to such actions in order that small businesses will 
not be unduly or disproportionately burdened.
    This rule will revise the U.S. Standards for Grades of Grapefruit 
(Texas and States other than Florida, California, and Arizona) and U.S. 
Standards for Grades of Oranges (Texas and States other than Florida, 
California, and Arizona) that were issued under the Agricultural 
Marketing Act of 1946. Standards issued under the 1946 Act are 
voluntary.
    There are approximately 170 producers of grapefruit and oranges in 
the production area and 22 handlers subject to regulation under the 
Order. Small agricultural producers are defined by the Small Business 
Administration (SBA) as those having annual receipts less than 
$1,000,000, and small agricultural service firms are defined as those 
whose annual receipts are less than $30,000,000 (13 CFR 121.201).
    According to Texas Valley Citrus Committee (TVCC) data, the average 
price for Texas citrus during the 2018-19 season prices ranged from 
$11.69 to $25.78 per carton. The average price was $22.23 per carton 
($11.69 plus $25.78 equals $37.47, divided by 2 equals $18.74 per 
carton) and total shipments were 6.6 million cartons. Using the average 
price, shipment information, and number of handlers, and assuming a 
normal distribution, the majority of handlers would have average annual 
receipts of less than $30,000,000 ($22.23 per carton times 6.6 million 
cartons equals $123.7 million, divided by 22 equals $5.6 million per 
handler).
    In addition, based on National Agricultural Statistics Service 
information, the average Free on Board (f.o.b.) price for Texas citrus 
during the 2018-19 season was approximately $33.27 per carton. Using 
the average f.o.b. price, shipment information, and the number of 
producers, and assuming a normal distribution, the majority of 
producers would have annual receipts of $1.3 million, which is more 
than $1,000,000 ($33.27 per carton times 6.6 million cartons equals 
$219.6 million, divided by 170 equals $1.3 million per producer). Thus, 
the majority of producers of Texas citrus may be classified as large 
entities, while the majority of handlers of Texas citrus may be 
classified as small entities.
    This rule will convert the AQL Tables from showing the acceptable 
number of allowable defective fruit in each grade to a percentage of 
defects permitted in each grade, revise minimum sample size to 25 
fruit, update size classifications, remove references to Temple orange 
from the orange standards for grade, and more closely align terminology 
in both standards for grade with Florida and California citrus 
standards.
    This action will make the standards more consistent with current 
marketing trends and practices. This action will not impose any 
additional reporting or recordkeeping requirements on small or large 
orange or grapefruit producers or handlers. USDA has not identified any 
Federal rules that duplicate, overlap, or conflict with this rule. 
However, there are marketing programs that regulate the handling of 
oranges and grapefruit under 7 CFR part 906. Oranges and grapefruit 
subject to the Order must meet certain requirements set forth in the 
grade standards for oranges and grapefruit.
    On March 10, 2020, AMS published a Proposed Rule in the Federal 
Register (85 FR 13833) soliciting comments on revisions to the U.S. 
Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than 
Florida, California, and Arizona) and U.S. Standards for Grades of 
Oranges (Texas and States other than Florida, California, and Arizona). 
One comment was submitted by May 11, 2020, the closing date of the 
public comment period.
    The comment fully supported the revisions and commended the USDA 
for taking steps to bring standardization to the grading system used 
for Texas citrus, putting Texas in line with systems used in other 
citrus production areas of the United States.
    Based on the information gathered, AMS is revising the U.S. 
Standards for Grades of Grapefruit (Texas and States other than 
Florida, California, and Arizona), and U.S. Standards for Grades of 
Oranges (Texas and States other than Florida, California, and Arizona).

List of Subjects in 7 CFR Part 51

    Food grades and standards, Fruits, Nuts, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Vegetables.

    For reasons set forth in the preamble, 7 CFR part 51 is amended as 
follows:

PART 51--FRESH FRUITS, VEGETABLES AND OTHER PRODUCTS (INSPECTION, 
CERTIFICATION, AND STANDARDS)

0
1. The authority citation for part 51 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 7 U.S.C. 1621-1627.

SUBPART D--APPLICATION OF TOLERANCES

0
2. Revise the heading for subpart D to read as set forth above:

0
3. Revise Sec.  51.620 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.620  U.S. Fancy.

    ``U.S. Fancy'' consists of grapefruit which meet the following 
requirements:
    (a) Basic requirements:
    (1) Discoloration: Not more than one-tenth of the surface, in the 
aggregate, may be affected by discoloration. (See Sec.  51.638.);
    (2) Firm;
    (3) Mature;
    (4) Similar varietal characteristics;
    (5) Smooth texture;
    (6) Well formed; and
    (7) Well colored.
    (b) Free from:
    (1) Ammoniation;
    (2) Bruises;
    (3) Buckskin;
    (4) Decay;
    (5) Growth cracks;
    (6) Scab;
    (7) Skin breakdown;
    (8) Sprayburn;
    (9) Unhealed skin breaks; and
    (10) Wormy fruit.
    (c) Free from injury caused by:
    (1) Green spots;
    (2) Hail;
    (3) Oil spots;
    (4) Scale;
    (5) Scars; and
    (6) Thorn scratches.
    (d) Free from damage caused by:
    (1) Dryness or mushy condition;
    (2) Insects;
    (3) Sprouting;
    (4) Sunburn; and
    (5) Other means.
    (e) For tolerances see Sec.  51.628.

0
4. Revise Sec.  51.621 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.621  U.S. No. 1.

    ``U.S. No. 1'' consists of grapefruit which meet the following 
requirements:

[[Page 68423]]

    (a) Basic requirements:
    (1) Discoloration: Not more than one-half of the surface, in the 
aggregate, may be affected by discoloration. (See Sec.  51.638.);
    (2) Fairly smooth texture;
    (3) Fairly well colored;
    (4) Fairly well formed;
    (5) Firm;
    (6) Mature; and
    (7) Similar varietal characteristics.
    (b) Free from:
    (1) Bruises;
    (2) Caked melanose;
    (3) Decay;
    (4) Growth cracks;
    (5) Sprayburn;
    (6) Unhealed skin breaks; and
    (7) Wormy fruit.
    (c) Free from damage caused by:
    (1) Ammoniation;
    (2) Buckskin;
    (3) Caked melanose;
    (4) Dryness or mushy condition;
    (5) Green spots;
    (6) Hail;
    (7) Oil spots;
    (8) Scab;
    (9) Scale;
    (10) Scars;
    (11) Skin breakdown;
    (12) Sprayburn;
    (13) Sprouting;
    (14) Sunburn;
    (15) Thorn scratches; and
    (16) Other means.
    (d) For tolerances see Sec.  51.628.

0
5. Revise Sec.  51.623 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.623  U.S. No. 1 Bronze.

    The requirements for this grade are the same as for U.S. No. 1 
except that all fruit must show some discoloration and at least 10 
percent, by count, of the fruit shall have more than one-half of their 
surface, in the aggregate, affected by discoloration. The predominating 
discoloration on each of these fruits shall be of rust mite type. For 
tolerances see Sec.  51.628.

0
6. Revise Sec.  51.624 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.624  U.S. Combination.

    ``U.S. Combination'' consists of a combination of U.S. No. 1 and 
U.S. No. 2 grapefruit: Provided, That at least 55 percent, by count, 
meet the requirements of U.S. No. 1 grade for defects, And provided 
further, That the lot meets the basic requirement for discoloration as 
specified in the U.S. No. 2 grade. For tolerances see Sec.  51.628.

0
7. Revise Sec.  51.625 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.625  U.S. No. 2.

    ``U.S. No. 2'' consists of grapefruit which meet the following 
requirements:
    (a) Basic requirements:
    (1) Discoloration: Not more than two-thirds of the surface, in the 
aggregate, may be affected by discoloration. (See Sec.  51.638.);
    (2) Fairly firm;
    (3) Mature;
    (4) Not more than slightly misshapen;
    (5) Not more than slightly rough texture;
    (6) Slightly colored; and
    (7) Similar varietal characteristics.
    (b) Free from:
    (1) Bruises;
    (2) Decay;
    (3) Growth cracks;
    (4) Unhealed skin breaks; and
    (5) Wormy fruit.
    (c) Free from serious damaged caused by:
    (1) Ammoniation;
    (2) Buckskin;
    (3) Caked melanose;
    (4) Dryness or mushy condition;
    (5) Green spots;
    (6) Hail;
    (7) Oil spots;
    (8) Scab;
    (9) Scale;
    (10) Scars;
    (11) Skin breakdown;
    (12) Sprayburn;
    (13) Sprouting;
    (14) Sunburn;
    (15) Thorn scratches; and
    (16) Other means.
    (d) For tolerances see Sec.  51.628.

0
8. Revise Sec.  51.626 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.626  U.S. No. 2 Russet.

    The requirements for this grade are the same as for U.S. No. 2 
except that at least 10 percent of the fruit shall have more than two-
thirds of their surface, in the aggregate, affected by any type of 
discoloration. For tolerances see Sec.  51.628.

0
9. Revise Sec.  51.627 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.627  U.S. No. 3.

    ``U.S. No. 3'' consists of grapefruit which meet the following 
requirements:
    (a) Basic requirements:
    (1) Mature;
    (2) May be misshapen;
    (3) May be slightly spongy;
    (4) May have rough texture;
    (5) May be poorly colored. Not more than 25 percent of the surface 
may be of a solid dark green color;
    (6) Not seriously lumpy or cracked; and
    (7) Similar varietal characteristics.
    (b) Free from:
    (1) Decay;
    (2) Unhealed skin breaks; and
    (3) Wormy fruit.
    (c) Free from very serious damage caused by:
    (1) Ammoniation;
    (2) Buckskin;
    (3) Caked melanose;
    (4) Dryness or mushy condition;
    (5) Green spots;
    (6) Hail;
    (7) Oil spots;
    (8) Scab;
    (9) Scale;
    (10) Scars;
    (11) Skin breakdown;
    (12) Sprayburn;
    (13) Sprouting;
    (14) Sunburn;
    (15) Thorn scratches; and
    (16) Other means.
    (d) For tolerances see Sec.  51.628.

0
10. Revise Sec.  51.628 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.628  Tolerances.

    In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and 
handling in each of the foregoing grades, the following tolerances, by 
count, based on a minimum 25 count sample, are provided as specified. 
No tolerance shall apply to wormy fruit.
    (a) Defects--(1) U.S. Fancy, U.S. No. 1, U.S. No. 1 Bright, U.S. 
No. 1 Bronze, U.S. No. 2, and U.S. No. 2 Russet--(i) For defects at 
shipping point.1 Not more than 10 percent of the fruit in 
any lot may fail to meet the requirements of the specified grade: 
Provided, That included in this amount not more than 5 percent shall be 
allowed for defects causing very serious damage, including in this 
latter amount not more than 1 percent for decay.
    (ii) For defects en route or at destination. Not more than 12 
percent of the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of 
the specified grade: Provided, That included in this amount not more 
than the following percentages shall be allowed for defects listed:
    (A) 10 percent for fruit having permanent defects; or
    (B) 7 percent for defects causing very serious damage, including 
therein not more than 5 percent for very serious damage by permanent 
defects and not more than 3 percent for decay.
    (2) U.S. Combination--(i) For defects at shipping 
point.1 Not more than 10 percent of the fruit in any lot may 
fail to meet the requirements of the U.S. No. 2 grade: Provided, That 
included in this amount not more than 5 percent shall be allowed for 
defects causing very serious damage, included in this latter amount not 
more than 1 percent for decay.
    (ii) For defects en route or at destination. Not more than 12 
percent of the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of 
the U.S. No. 2 grade: Provided, That included in this amount not more 
than the following percentages shall be allowed for defects listed:
    (A) 10 percent for fruit having permanent defects; or
    (B) 7 percent for defects causing very serious damage, including 
therein not

[[Page 68424]]

more than 5 percent for very serious damage by permanent defects and 
not more than 3 percent for decay.
    (iii) For defects at shipping point 1 and en route or at 
destination. No part of any tolerance shall be allowed to reduce, for 
the lot as a whole, the 55 percent of U.S. No. 1 fruit required in the 
U.S. Combination grade, but individual samples may have not more than 
15 percent less than the required percentage for the grade: Provided, 
That the entire lot averages within the percentage required.
    (3) U.S. No. 3--(i) For defects at shipping point.1 Not 
more than 10 percent of the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the 
requirements of the grade: Provided, That included in this amount not 
more than 1 percent for decay.
    (ii) For defects en route or at destination. Not more than 12 
percent of the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of 
the grade: Provided, That included in this amount not more than the 
following percentages shall be allowed for defects listed:
    (A) 10 percent for fruit having permanent defects; or
    (B) 3 percent for decay.
    (b) Discoloration--(1) U.S. No. 1, U.S. No. 1 Bright, U.S. 
Combination, and U.S. No. 2. Not more than 10 percent of the fruit in 
any lot may fail to meet the requirements relating to discoloration as 
specified in each grade; No sample may have more than 20 percent of the 
fruit with excessive discoloration: Provided, That the entire lot 
averages within the percentage specified.
    (2) U.S. No. 1 Bronze. At least 10 percent of the fruit shall have 
more than one-half of the surface, in the aggregate, affected by 
discoloration, and no part of any tolerance shall be allowed to reduce 
this percentage: Provided, That the entire lot averages within the 
percentage specified. No tolerance is provided for fruit showing no 
discoloration.
    (3) U.S. No. 2 Russet. At least 10 percent of the fruit shall have 
more than two-thirds of the surface, in the aggregate, affected by 
discoloration, and no part of any tolerance shall be allowed to reduce 
this percentage: Provided, That the entire lot averages within the 
percentage specified.

    \1\ Shipping point, as used in these standards, means the point 
of origin of the shipment in the producing area or at port of 
loading for ship stores or overseas shipment, or, in the case of 
shipments from outside the continental United States, the port of 
entry into the United States.


0
11. Revise the undesignated center heading before Sec.  51.629 to read 
as follows:

Application of Tolerances

0
12. Revise Sec.  51.629 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.629  Application of tolerances.

    Individual samples are subject to the following limitations, unless 
otherwise specified in Sec.  51.628. Individual samples shall have not 
more than one and one-half times a specified tolerance of 10 percent or 
more, and not more than double a specified tolerance of less than 10 
percent: Provided, That at least one decayed fruit may be permitted in 
any sample: And provided further, That the averages for the entire lot 
are within the tolerances specified for the grade.

0
13. Revise Sec.  51.630 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.630  Standard pack.

    (a) Fruits shall be fairly uniform in size, unless specified as 
uniform in size. When packed in approved containers, fruit shall be 
arranged according to approved and recognized methods.
    (b) ``Fairly uniform in size'' means that not more than 10 percent 
of fruit in any lot, and not more than double that amount in any 
sample, are outside the ranges of diameters given in Table 1 to this 
section:

      Table 1 to Sec.   51.630 to Paragraph (b)--7/10 Bushel Carton
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                             Diameter in inches
  Pack size/Number of grapefruit   -------------------------------------
                                         Minimum            Maximum
------------------------------------------------------------------------
18................................  4-15/16            5-9/16
23................................  4-5/16             5
27................................  4-2/16             4-12/16
32................................  3-15/16            4-8/16
36................................  3-13/16            4-5/16
40................................  3-10/16            4-2/16
48................................  3-9/16             3-14/16
56................................  3-5/16             3-10/16
64................................  3                  3-8/16
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) ``Uniform in size'' means that not more than 10 percent of 
fruit in any lot, and not more than double that amount in any sample, 
may vary more than the following amounts:
    (1) 32 size and smaller--not more than six-sixteenths inch in 
diameter; and
    (2) 27 size and larger--not more than nine-sixteenths inch in 
diameter.
    (d) In order to allow for variations, other than sizing, incident 
to proper packing, not more than 5 percent of the packages in any lot 
may fail to meet the requirements of standard pack.

0
14. Revise Sec.  51.637 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.637  Injury.

    Injury means any specific defect described in Table 1 to Sec.  
51.652; or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these 
defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which 
slightly detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing 
quality of the fruit.

0
15. Revise Sec.  51.642 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.642  Damage.

    Damage means any specific defect described in Table 1 to Sec.  
51.652; or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these 
defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which 
materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing 
quality of the fruit.

0
16. Revise Sec.  51.646 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.646  Serious damage.

    Serious damage means any specific defect described in Table 1 to 
Sec.  51.652; or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these 
defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which 
seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing 
quality of the fruit.

0
17. Revise Sec.  51.650 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.650  Very serious damage.

    Very serious damage means any specific defect described in Table 1 
to Sec.  51.652; or an equally objectionable variation of any one of 
these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which 
very seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing 
quality of the fruit.

0
18. Revise Sec.  51.652 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.652  Classification of defects.

    All references to area or aggregate area, or length in this 
standard are based on a grapefruit 4\1/8\ inches in diameter, allowing 
proportionately greater areas on larger fruit and lesser areas on 
smaller fruit.

[[Page 68425]]



                                            Table 1 to Sec.   51.652
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                 Very serious
             Factor                     Injury              Damage          Serious damage          damage
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammoniation.....................  ..................  Not occurring as    Scars are cracked   Aggregating more
                                                       light speck type.   or dark and         than 25 percent
                                                                           aggregating more    of the surface.
                                                                           than a circle \3/
                                                                           4\ inch in
                                                                           diameter.
Buckskin........................  ..................  Aggregating more    Aggregating more    Aggregating more
                                                       than a circle 1\1/  than 25 percent     than 50 percent
                                                       4\ inches in        of the surface.     of the surface.
                                                       diameter.
Caked melanose..................  ..................  ..................  Aggregating more    Aggregating more
                                                                           than a circle 1     than 25 percent
                                                                           inch in diameter.   of the surface.
Dryness or mushy condition......  ..................  Affecting all       Affecting all       Affecting all
                                                       segments more       segments more       segments more
                                                       than \1/4\ inch     than \1/2\ inch     than \3/4\ inch
                                                       at stem end, or     at stem end, or     at stem end, or
                                                       the equivalent of   the equivalent of   the equivalent of
                                                       this amount, by     this amount, by     this amount, by
                                                       volume, when        volume, when        volume, when
                                                       occurring in        occurring in        occurring in
                                                       other portions of   other portions of   other portions of
                                                       the fruit.          the fruit.          the fruit.
Green spots or oil spots........  More than slightly  Aggregating more    Aggregating more    ..................
                                   affecting           than a circle 1     than a circle 1\1/
                                   appearance.         inch in diameter.   2\ inches in
                                                                           diameter..
Hail............................  Not well healed,    Not well healed,    Not well healed,    Not well healed,
                                   or aggregating      or aggregating      or aggregating      or aggregating
                                   more than a         more than a         more than a         more than a
                                   circle \3/8\ inch   circle \1/2\ inch   circle \5/8\ inch   circle 1 inch in
                                   in diameter.        in diameter.        in diameter.        diameter.
Scab............................  ..................  Materially          Seriously detracts  Aggregating more
                                                       detracts from the   from the shape or   than 25 percent
                                                       shape or texture,   texture, or         of the surface.
                                                       or aggregating      aggregating more
                                                       more than a         than a circle 1
                                                       circle \3/4\ inch   inch in diameter.
                                                       in diameter.
Scale...........................  More than a few     Blotch aggregating  Blotch aggregating  Aggregating more
                                   adjacent to the     more than a         more than a         than 25 percent
                                   ``button'' at the   circle \3/4\ inch   circle 1 inch in    of the surface.
                                   stem end, or more   in diameter, or     diameter, or
                                   than 6 scattered    occurring as a      occurring as a
                                   on other portions   ring more than a    ring more than a
                                   of the fruit.       circle 1\1/4\       circle 1\1/2\
                                                       inches in           inches in
                                                       diameter.           diameter.
Scars...........................  Depressed, not      Very deep or very   Very deep or very   Very deep or very
                                   smooth, or          rough aggregating   rough aggregating   rough or
                                   detracts from       more than a         more than a         unsightly that
                                   appearance more     circle \1/2\ inch   circle 1 inch in    appearance is
                                   than the amount     in diameter; deep   diameter; deep or   very seriously
                                   of discoloration    or rough            rough aggregating   affected.
                                   permitted in the    aggregating more    more than 5
                                   grade.              than 1 inch in      percent of the
                                                       diameter;           fruit surface;
                                                       slightly rough or   slight depth or
                                                       of slight depth     slightly rough
                                                       aggregating more    aggregating more
                                                       than 10 percent     than 15 percent
                                                       of surface.         of surface.
Skin Breakdown..................  ..................  Aggregating more    Aggregating more    Aggregating more
                                                       than a circle \3/   than a circle \5/   than a circle 1\1/
                                                       8\ inch in          8\ inch in          4\ inches in
                                                       diameter.           diameter.           diameter.
Sprayburn.......................  ..................  ..................  Hard or             Aggregating more
                                                                           aggregating more    than 25 percent
                                                                           than a circle 1\1/  of the surface.
                                                                           4\ inches in
                                                                           diameter.
Sprouting.......................  ..................  More than 6 seeds   More than 6 seeds   More than 6 seeds
                                                       are sprouted,       are sprouted,       are sprouted,
                                                       including not       including not       including not
                                                       more than 1         more than 2         more than 3
                                                       sprout extending    sprouts extending   sprouts extending
                                                       to the rind,        to the rind,        to the rind,
                                                       remainder average   remainder average   remainder average
                                                       not over \1/4\      not over \1/2\      not over \3/4\
                                                       inch in length.     inch in length.     inch in length.
Sunburn.........................  ..................  Skin is flattened,  Skin is hard,       Aggregating more
                                                       dry, darkened, or   fruit is            than 50 percent
                                                       hard, aggregating   decidedly one-      of fruit surface.
                                                       more than 25        sided,
                                                       percent of          aggregating more
                                                       surface.            than one-third of
                                                                           surface.
Thorn scratches.................  Not well healed,    Not well healed,    Not well healed,    Aggregating more
                                   or more unsightly   hard concentrated   hard concentrated   than 25 percent
                                   than                thorn injury        thorn injury        of the surface.
                                   discoloration       aggregating more    aggregating more
                                   permitted in the    than a circle \3/   than a circle \7/
                                   grade.              4\ inch in          8\ inch in
                                                       diameter, or        diameter, or
                                                       slight scratches    slight scratches
                                                       aggregating more    aggregating more
                                                       than a circle 1     than a circle 1\1/
                                                       inch in diameter.   4\ inches in
                                                                           diameter.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 68426]]

Subpart E--APPLICATION OF TOLERANCES

0
19. Revise the heading for Subpart E to read as set forth above.

0
20. Revise Sec.  51.681 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.681  U.S. Fancy.

    ``U.S. Fancy'' consists of oranges which meet the following 
requirements:
    (a) Basic requirements:
    (1) Discoloration: Not more than one-tenth of the surface, in the 
aggregate, may be affected by discoloration. (See Sec.  51.700.);
    (2) Firm;
    (3) Mature;
    (4) Similar varietal characteristics;
    (5) Smooth texture;
    (6) Well colored; and
    (7) Well formed.
    (b) Free from:
    (1) Ammoniation;
    (2) Bruises;
    (3) Buckskin;
    (4) Caked melanose;
    (5) Creasing;
    (6) Decay;
    (7) Growth cracks;
    (8) Scab;
    (9) Skin breakdown;
    (10) Sprayburn;
    (11) Undeveloped segments;
    (12) Unhealed skin breaks; and
    (13) Wormy fruit.
    (c) Free from injury caused by:
    (1) Green spots;
    (2) Hail;
    (3) Oil spots;
    (4) Rough, wide or protruding navels;
    (5) Scale;
    (6) Scars;
    (7) Split navels; and
    (8) Thorn scratches.
    (d) Free from damage caused by:
    (1) Dirt or other foreign material;
    (2) Disease;
    (3) Dryness or mushy condition;
    (4) Insects;
    (5) Sunburn; and
    (6) Other means.
    (e) For tolerances see Sec.  51.689.

0
21. Revise Sec.  51.682 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.682  U.S. No. 1.

    ``U.S. No. 1'' consists of oranges which meet the following 
requirements:
    (a) Basic requirements:
    (1) Color:
    (i) Early and midseason varieties shall be fairly well colored.
    (ii) For Valencia and other late varieties, not less than 50 
percent, by count, shall be fairly well colored and the remainder 
reasonably well colored.
    (2) Discoloration: Not more than one-third of the surface, in the 
aggregate, may be affected by discoloration. (See Sec.  51.700.);
    (3) Firm;
    (4) Fairly smooth texture;
    (5) Mature;
    (6) Similar varietal characteristics; and
    (7) Well formed.
    (b) Free from:
    (1) Bruises;
    (2) Caked melanose;
    (3) Decay;
    (4) Growth cracks;
    (5) Sprayburn;
    (6) Undeveloped segments;
    (7) Unhealed skin breaks; and
    (8) Wormy fruit.
    (c) Free from damage caused by:
    (1) Ammoniation;
    (2) Buckskin;
    (3) Creasing;
    (4) Dirt or other foreign material;
    (5) Disease;
    (6) Dryness or mushy condition;
    (7) Green spots;
    (8) Hail;
    (9) Insects;
    (10) Oil spots;
    (11) Scab;
    (12) Scale;
    (13) Scars;
    (14) Skin breakdown;
    (15) Split, rough or protruding navels;
    (16) Sunburn;
    (17) Thorn scratches; and
    (18) Other means.
    (d) For tolerances see Sec.  51.689.

0
22. Revise Sec.  51.684 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.684  U.S. No. 1 Bronze.

    The requirements for this grade are the same as for U.S. No. 1 
except that all fruit must show some discoloration and at least 10 
percent, by count, of the fruit shall have more than one-third of their 
surface, in the aggregate, affected by discoloration. The predominating 
discoloration on these fruits shall be of rust mite type. For 
tolerances see Sec.  51.689.

0
23. Revise Sec.  51.685 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.685  U.S. Combination.

    ``U.S. Combination'' consists of a combination of U.S. No. 1 and 
U.S. No. 2 oranges: Provided, That at least 55 percent, by count, meet 
the requirements of U.S. No. 1 grade for defects, And provided further, 
That the lot meets the basic requirement for discoloration as specified 
in the U.S. No. 2 grade. For tolerances see Sec.  51.689.

0
24. Revise Sec.  51.686 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.686  U.S. No. 2.

    ``U.S. No. 2'' consists of oranges which meet the following 
requirements:
    (a) Basic requirements:
    (1) Discoloration: Not more than one-half of the surface, in the 
aggregate, may be affected by discoloration. (See Sec.  51.700.);
    (2) Fairly firm;
    (3) Mature;
    (4) Not more than slightly misshapen;
    (5) Not more than slightly rough texture;
    (6) Reasonably well colored; and
    (7) Similar varietal characteristics.
    (b) Free from:
    (1) Bruises;
    (2) Decay;
    (3) Growth cracks;
    (4) Unhealed skin breaks; and
    (5) Wormy fruit.
    (c) Free from serious damaged caused by:
    (1) Ammoniation;
    (2) Buckskin;
    (3) Caked melanose;
    (4) Creasing;
    (5) Dirt or other foreign material;
    (6) Disease;
    (7) Dryness or mushy condition;
    (8) Green spots;
    (9) Hail;
    (10) Insects;
    (11) Oil spots;
    (12) Scab;
    (13) Scale;
    (14) Scars;
    (15) Skin breakdown;
    (16) Split, rough or protruding navels;
    (17) Sprayburn;
    (18) Sunburn;
    (19) Thorn scratches; and
    (20) Other means.
    (d) For tolerances see Sec.  51.689.

0
25. Revise Sec.  51.687 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.687  U.S. No. 2 Russet.

    The requirements for this grade are the same as for U.S. No. 2 
except that at least 10 percent by count of the fruit shall have more 
than one-half of their surface, in the aggregate, affected by any type 
of discoloration. For tolerances see Sec.  51.689.

0
26. Revise Sec.  51.688 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.688  U.S. No. 3.

    ``U.S. No. 3'' consists of oranges which meet the following 
requirements:
    (a) Basic requirements:
    (1) Mature;
    (2) May be misshapen;
    (3) May be poorly colored. Not more than 25 percent of the surface 
may be of a solid dark green color;
    (4) May be slightly spongy;
    (5) May have rough texture;
    (6) Not seriously lumpy or cracked; and
    (7) Similar varietal characteristics.
    (b) Free from:
    (1) Decay;
    (2) Unhealed skin breaks; and
    (3) Wormy fruit.
    (c) Free from very serious damage caused by other means.
    (d) For tolerances see Sec.  51.689.

[[Page 68427]]


0
27. Revise Sec.  51.689 to read as follows.


Sec.  51.689  Tolerances.

    In order to allow for variations incident to proper grading and 
handling in each of the foregoing grades, the following tolerances, by 
count, based on a minimum 25 count sample, are provided as specified. 
No tolerance shall apply to wormy fruit.
    (a) Defects--(1) U.S. Fancy, U.S. No. 1, U.S. No. 1 Bright, U.S. 
No. 1 Bronze, U.S. No. 2, and U.S. No. 2 Russet Grades--(i) For defects 
at shipping point.\1\ Not more than 10 percent of the fruit in any lot 
may fail to meet the requirements of the specified grade: Provided, 
That included in this amount not more than 5 percent shall be allowed 
for defects causing very serious damage, including in this latter 
amount not more than 1 percent for decay.
    (ii) For defects en route or at destination. Not more than 12 
percent of the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of 
the specified grade: Provided, That included in this amount not more 
than the following percentages shall be allowed for defects listed:
    (A) 10 percent for fruit having permanent defects; or
    (B) 7 percent for defects causing very serious damage, including 
therein not more than 5 percent for very serious damage by permanent 
defects and not more than 3 percent for decay.
    (2) U.S. Combination--(i) For defects at shipping point.\1\ Not 
more than 10 percent of the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the 
requirements of the U.S. No. 2 grade: Provided, That included in this 
amount not more than 5 percent shall be allowed for defects causing 
very serious damage, including in this latter amount not more than 1 
percent for decay.
    (ii) For defects en route or at destination. Not more than 12 
percent of the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of 
the U.S. No. 2 grade: Provided, That included in this amount not more 
than the following percentages shall be allowed for defects listed:
    (A) 10 percent for fruit having permanent defects; or
    (B) 7 percent for defects causing very serious damage, including 
therein not more than 5 percent for very serious damage by permanent 
defects and not more than 3 percent for decay.
    (iii) For defects at shipping point \1\ and en route or at 
destination. No part of any tolerance shall be allowed to reduce for 
the lot as a whole, the 55 percent of U.S. No. 1 fruit required in the 
U.S. Combination grade, but individual samples may have not more than 
15 percent less than the required percentage for the grade: Provided, 
That the entire lot averages within the percentage required.
    (3) U.S. No. 3--(i) For defects at shipping point.\1\ Not more than 
10 percent of the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of 
the grade: Provided, That included in this amount not more than 1 
percent for decay.
    (ii) For defects en route or at destination. Not more than 12 
percent of the fruit in any lot may fail to meet the requirements of 
the grade: Provided, That included in this amount not more than the 
following percentages shall be allowed for defects listed:
    (A) 10 percent for fruit having permanent defects; or
    (B) 3 percent for decay.
    (b) Discoloration--(1) U.S. No. 1, U.S. No. 1 Bright, U.S. 
Combination, and U.S. No. 2. Not more than 10 percent of the fruit in 
any lot may fail to meet the requirements relating to discoloration as 
specified in each grade. No sample may have more than 20 percent of the 
fruit with excessive discoloration: Provided, That the entire lot 
averages within the percentage specified.
    (2) U.S. No. 1 Bronze. At least 10 percent of the fruit shall have 
more than one-third of the surface, in the aggregate, affected by 
discoloration, and no part of any tolerance shall be allowed to reduce 
this percentage. No sample may have less than 5 percent of the fruit 
with required discoloration: Provided, That the entire lot averages 
within the percentage specified. No tolerance shall apply to fruit 
showing no discoloration.
    (3) U.S. No. 2 Russet. At least 10 percent of the fruit shall have 
more than one-half of the surface, in the aggregate, affected by 
discoloration, and no part of any tolerance shall be allowed to reduce 
this percentage. No sample may have less than 5 percent of the fruit 
with the required discoloration: Provided, That the entire lot averages 
within the percentage specified.

    \1\ Shipping point, as used in these standards, means the point 
of origin of the shipment in the producing area or at port of 
loading for ship stores or overseas shipment, or, in the case of 
shipments from outside the continental United States, the port of 
entry into the United States.


0
28. Revise the undesignated center heading before Sec.  51.690 to read 
as follows:

Application of Tolerances

0
29. Revise Sec.  51.690 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.690  Application of tolerances.

    Individual samples are subject to the following limitations, unless 
otherwise specified in Sec.  51.689. Individual samples shall have not 
more than one and one-half times a specified tolerance of 10 percent or 
more, and not more than double a specified tolerance of less than 10 
percent: Provided, That at least one decayed may be permitted in any 
sample: And provided further, That the averages for the entire lot are 
within the tolerances specified for the grade.

0
30. Revise Sec.  51.691 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.691  Standard pack.

    (a) Fruit shall be fairly uniform in size. When packed in approved 
containers, fruit shall be arranged according to approved and 
recognized methods.
    (b) ``Fairly uniform in size'' means that not more than 10 percent 
of fruit in any lot, and not more than double that amount in any 
sample, are outside the ranges of diameters given in Table 1.

       Table 1 to Sec.   51.691 Paragraph (b)--7/10 Bushel Carton
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                             Diameter in inches
    Pack size/Number of oranges    -------------------------------------
                                         Minimum            Maximum
------------------------------------------------------------------------
24................................  3-12/16            5-1/16
32................................  3-6/16             4-9/16
36................................  3-4/16             4-6/16
40................................  3-2/16             4-4/16
48................................  2-15/16            4
56................................  2-13/16            3-13/16
64................................  2-11/16            3-10/16
72................................  2-9/16             3-8/16
88................................  2-8/16             3-4/16
113...............................  2-7/16             3
138...............................  2-6/16             2-12/16
163...............................  2-3/16             2-8/16
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) In order to allow for variations, other than sizing, incident 
to proper packing, not more than 5 percent of the packages in any lot 
may fail to meet the requirements of standard pack.

0
31. Revise Sec.  51.699 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.699  Injury.

    Injury means any specific defect described in Table 1 to Sec.  
51.713; or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these 
defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which 
slightly detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing 
quality of the fruit.

0
32. Revise Sec.  51.702 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.702  Damage.

    Damage means any specific defect described in Table 1 to Sec.  
51.713; or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these 
defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which 
materially detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing 
quality of the fruit.

[[Page 68428]]


0
33. Revise Sec.  51.708 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.708  Serious damage.

    Serious damage means any specific defect described in Table 1 to 
Sec.  51.713; or an equally objectionable variation of any one of these 
defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which 
seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing 
quality of the fruit.

0
34. Revise Sec.  51.711 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.711  Very serious damage.

    Very serious damage means any specific defect described in Table 1 
to Sec.  51.713; or an equally objectionable variation of any one of 
these defects, any other defect, or any combination of defects, which 
very seriously detracts from the appearance, or the edible or marketing 
quality of the fruit.

0
35. Revise Sec.  51.713 to read as follows:


Sec.  51.713  Classification of Defects.

    All references to area or aggregate area, or length in this 
standard are based on an orange 2\7/8\ inches in diameter, allowing 
proportionately greater areas on larger fruit and lesser areas on 
smaller fruit.

                                            Table 1 to Sec.   51.713
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                 Very serious
             Factor                     Injury              Damage          Serious damage          damage
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammoniation.....................  ..................  Not occurring as    Scars are cracked   Aggregating more
                                                       light speck type.   or dark and         than 25 percent
                                                                           aggregating more    of the surface.
                                                                           than a circle \3/
                                                                           4\ inch in
                                                                           diameter or light
                                                                           colored and
                                                                           aggregating more
                                                                           than a circle 1\1/
                                                                           4\ inches in
                                                                           diameter.
Buckskin........................  ..................  Aggregating more    Aggregating more    Aggregating more
                                                       than a circle 1     than 25 percent     than 50 percent
                                                       inch in diameter.   of the surface.     of the surface.
Caked melanose..................  ..................  ..................  Aggregating more    Aggregating more
                                                                           than a circle \3/   than 25 percent
                                                                           4\ inch in          of the surface.
                                                                           diameter.
Creasing........................  ..................  Materially weakens  Seriously weakens   Very seriously
                                                       the skin, or        the skin, or        weakens the skin,
                                                       extends over more   extends over more   or is distributed
                                                       than one-third of   than one-half of    over practically
                                                       the surface.        the surface.        the entire
                                                                                               surface.
Dryness or mushy condition......  ..................  Affecting all       Affecting all       Affecting all
                                                       segments more       segments more       segments more
                                                       than \1/4\ inch     than \1/2\ inch     than \3/4\ inch
                                                       at stem end, or     at stem end, or     at stem end, or
                                                       the equivalent of   the equivalent of   the equivalent of
                                                       this amount, by     this amount, by     this amount, by
                                                       volume, when        volume, when        volume, when
                                                       occurring in        occurring in        occurring in
                                                       other portions of   other portions of   other portions of
                                                       the fruit.          the fruit.          the fruit.
Green spots or oil spots........  More than slightly  Aggregating more    Aggregating more
                                   affecting           than a circle \7/   than a circle 1\1/
                                   appearance.         8\ inch in          4\ inches in
                                                       diameter.           diameter..
Hail............................  Not well healed,    Not well healed,    Not well healed,    Not well healed,
                                   or aggregating      or aggregating      or aggregating      or aggregating
                                   more than a         more than a         more than a         more than a
                                   circle \1/4\ inch   circle \3/8\ inch   circle \1/2\ inch   circle \3/4\ inch
                                   in diameter.        in diameter.        in diameter.        in diameter.
Scab............................  ..................  Materially          Seriously detracts  Aggregating more
                                                       detracts from the   from the shape or   than 25 percent
                                                       shape or texture,   texture, or         of the surface.
                                                       or aggregating      aggregating more
                                                       more than a         than a circle \3/
                                                       circle \5/8\ inch   4\ inch in
                                                       in diameter.        diameter.
Scale...........................  More than a few     Aggregating more    Aggregating more    Aggregating more
                                   adjacent to the     than a circle \5/   than a circle \3/   than 25 percent
                                   ``button'' at the   8\ inch in          4\ inch in          of the surface.
                                   stem end, or more   diameter.           diameter.
                                   than 6 scattered
                                   on other portions
                                   of the fruit.
Scars...........................  Depressed, not      Deep, rough or      Deep, rough         Deep, rough or
                                   smooth, or          hard aggregating    aggregating more    unsightly that
                                   detracts from       more than a         than a circle \1/   appearance is
                                   appearance more     circle \1/4\ inch   2\ inch in          very seriously
                                   than the amount     in diameter;        diameter;           affected.
                                   of discoloration    slightly rough      slightly rough
                                   permitted in the    with slight depth   with slight depth
                                   grade.              aggregating more    aggregating more
                                                       than a circle \7/   than a circle 1\1/
                                                       8\ inch in          4\ inches in
                                                       diameter; smooth    diameter.
                                                       or fairly smooth
                                                       with slight depth
                                                       aggregating more
                                                       than a circle 1\1/
                                                       4\ inches in
                                                       diameter.
Skin breakdown..................  ..................  Aggregating more    Aggregating more    Aggregating more
                                                       than a circle \1/   than a circle \5/   than 25 percent
                                                       4\ inch in          8\ inch in          of the surface.
                                                       diameter.           diameter.

[[Page 68429]]

 
Sunburn.........................  ..................  Skin is flattened,  Affecting more      Aggregating more
                                                       dry, darkened or    than one-third of   than 50 percent
                                                       hard, aggregating   the surface,        of the surface.
                                                       more than 25        hard, decidedly
                                                       percent of the      one-sided, or
                                                       surface.            light brown and
                                                                           aggregating more
                                                                           than a circle 1\1/
                                                                           4\ inches in
                                                                           diameter.
Sprayburn.......................  ..................  ..................  Hard, or            Aggregating more
                                                                           aggregating more    than 25 percent
                                                                           than a circle 1\1/  of the surface.
                                                                           4\ inches in
                                                                           diameter.
Split, rough or protruding        Split is unhealed;  Split is unhealed,  Split is unhealed,  Split is unhealed
 navels.                           navel protrudes     or more than \1/    or more than \1/    or fruit is
                                   beyond general      4\ inch in          2\ inch in          seriously
                                   contour; opening    length, or more     length, or          weakened.
                                   is so wide,         than 3 well         aggregate length
                                   growth so folded    healed splits, or   of all splits
                                   and ridged that     navel protrudes     exceed 1 inch, or
                                   it detracts         beyond the          navel protrudes
                                   noticeably from     general contour,    beyond general
                                   appearance.         and opening is so   contour, and
                                                       wide, folded or     opening is so
                                                       ridged that it      wide, folded and
                                                       detracts            ridged that it
                                                       materially from     seriously
                                                       appearance.         detracts from
                                                                           appearance.
Thorn scratches.................  Not slight, not     Not well healed,    Not well healed,    Aggregating more
                                   well healed, or     or hard             or hard             than 25 percent
                                   more unsightly      concentrated        concentrated        of the surface.
                                   than                thorn injury        thorn injury
                                   discoloration       aggregating more    aggregating more
                                   permitted in the    than a circle \5/   than a circle \3/
                                   grade.              8\ inch in          4\ inch in
                                                       diameter.           diameter.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Bruce Summers,
Administrator, Agricultural Marketing Service.
[FR Doc. 2020-21437 Filed 10-28-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410-02-P