[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 127 (Wednesday, July 1, 2020)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 39782-39817]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-14014]



[[Page 39781]]

Vol. 85

Wednesday,

No. 127

July 1, 2020

Part IV





 Department of Labor





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 Wage and Hour Division





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29 CFR Part 810





High-Wage Components of the Labor Value Content Requirements Under the 
United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act; Interim Final 
Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 127 / Wednesday, July 1, 2020 / Rules 
and Regulations  

[[Page 39782]]


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DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Wage and Hour Division

29 CFR Part 810

RIN 1235-AA36


High-Wage Components of the Labor Value Content Requirements 
Under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act

AGENCY: Wage and Hour Division, Department of Labor.

ACTION: Interim final rule with request for comments.

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SUMMARY: In accordance with section 210(b) of the United States-Mexico-
Canada Agreement Implementation Act, the U.S. Department of Labor is 
issuing regulations necessary to administer the high-wage components of 
the labor value content requirements as set forth in section 202A of 
that Act.

DATES: This interim final rule is effective on July 1, 2020. Interested 
persons are invited to submit written comments on this interim final 
rule (``IFR'') on or before August 31, 2020.

ADDRESSES: To facilitate the receipt and processing of written comments 
on this IFR, the Department encourages interested persons to submit 
their comments electronically. You may submit comments, identified by 
Regulatory Information Number (RIN) 1235-AA36, by either of the 
following methods:
    Electronic Comments: Follow the instructions for submitting 
comments on the Federal eRulemaking Portal http://www.regulations.gov.
    Mail: Address written submissions to Amy DeBisschop, Director of 
the Division of Regulations, Legislation, and Interpretation, Wage and 
Hour Division, U.S. Department of Labor, Room S-3502, 200 Constitution 
Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20210.
    Instructions: This IFR is available through the Federal Register 
and the http://www.regulations.gov website. You may also access this 
document via the Wage and Hour Division's (WHD) website at https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd. All comment submissions must include the 
agency name and Regulatory Information Number (RIN 1235-AA36) for this 
IFR. Response to this IFR is voluntary. The Department requests that no 
business proprietary information, copyrighted information, or 
personally identifiable information be submitted in response to this 
IFR. Submit only one copy of your comment by only one method (e.g., 
persons submitting comments electronically are encouraged not to submit 
paper copies). Anyone who submits a comment (including duplicate 
comments) should understand and expect that the comment will become a 
matter of public record and will be posted without change to http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided. All 
comments must be received by 11:59 p.m. on the date indicated for 
consideration in this IFR; comments received after the comment period 
closes will not be considered. Commenters should transmit comments 
early to ensure timely receipt prior to the close of the comment 
period. Electronic submission via http://www.regulations.gov enables 
prompt receipt of comments submitted as the Department continues to 
experience delays in the receipt of mail in our area. For access to the 
docket to read background documents or comments, go to the Federal 
eRulemaking Portal at http://www.regulations.gov.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Amy DeBisschop, Division of 
Regulations, Legislation, and Interpretation, Wage and Hour Division, 
U.S. Department of Labor, Room S-3502, 200 Constitution Avenue NW, 
Washington, DC 20210; telephone: (202) 693-0406 (this is not a toll-
free number). Copies of this IFR may be obtained in alternative formats 
(Large Print, Braille, Audio Tape or Disc), upon request, by calling 
(202) 693-0675 (this is not a toll-free number). TTY/TDD callers may 
dial toll-free 1-877-889-5627 to obtain information or request 
materials in alternative formats.
    Questions of interpretation and/or enforcement of the agency's 
regulations may be emailed to [email protected]. Alternatively, 
if unable to send by email, inquiries can also be made by calling (866) 
4US-WAGE ((866) 487-9243) between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. in your local time 
zone.

I. Executive Summary

    On January 29, 2020, the United States-Mexico-Canada Implementation 
Act (``USMCA Implementation Act'' or ``Act'') was signed into law, 
which ratified the Agreement between the United States of America, the 
United Mexican States, and Canada (``USMCA'') and implemented its 
provisions. In general, and as relevant to the Department of Labor 
(``Department'') for this IFR, the Act requires that to receive 
preferential tariff treatment, a producer of a covered vehicle must 
file a certification that the production of the covered vehicle meets 
the high-wage components of the labor value content (``LVC'') 
requirements. The Act authorizes the Secretary of Labor 
(``Secretary''), in consultation with the Commissioner of U.S. Customs 
and Border Protection (``CBP''), to check the certification for 
omissions or errors and to verify whether a covered vehicle is in 
compliance with the high-wage components of the LVC requirements. This 
IFR implements the Act's requirements and establishes procedures for 
producers to follow concerning the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements. Any entity seeking preferential tariff treatment when 
importing covered vehicles into the United States must comply with the 
Department's regulations set forth in this IFR, including for plants 
located in Mexico and Canada that it uses to satisfy the high-wage 
components of the LVC requirements.
    The Act tasks the Department with enforcing the high-wage 
components of the three LVC requirements: The high-wage material and 
manufacturing expenditures, the high-wage technology expenditures 
credit, and the high-wage assembly expenditures credit. The high-wage 
material and manufacturing expenditures component requires a producer 
to have records demonstrating that a minimum percentage of the cost of 
the covered vehicle is composed of vehicle assembly labor and/or parts 
and materials from a North American (United States, Mexico, or Canada) 
plant or facility with a production wage rate, or average hourly base 
wage rate,\1\ of at least US$16 per hour (or its equivalent in Mexican 
or Canadian currency). The high-wage assembly expenditures credit 
component allows a producer to receive a credit of five percent towards 
the total LVC requirement if it demonstrates that it operates, or has a 
long term contract with, a qualified assembly plant that has an average 
hourly base wage rate of at least US$16 per hour for hours worked in 
direct production. This IFR explains how producers must calculate the 
average hourly base wage rate, including what kind of work must be 
included in the calculation and how to treat certain workers for 
purposes of the calculation. The high-wage technology expenditures 
credit component allows a producer to receive an up to 10 percent 
credit towards its total LVC requirement based on its annual 
expenditures in North America on wages for research and development and 
information technology. This IFR explains how

[[Page 39783]]

producers must calculate the high-wage technology expenditures credit. 
Other agencies administer the other components of the LVC requirements, 
and these regulations explain how the Department will coordinate with 
CBP and other federal agencies to fulfill its statutory mandate.
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    \1\ The USMCA refers to the ``average hourly base wage rate'' 
while the Uniform Regulations use the term ``average base hourly 
wage rate.'' See Uniform Regulations, Part IV, Sec. 12, ] 1. This 
rule uses the treaty language.
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    The Act requires that for a covered vehicle to receive preferential 
tariff treatment, a producer must certify that its production of 
covered vehicles meets the LVC requirements, including the high-wage 
components, and requires the Secretary, in consultation with CBP, to 
review the certification for omissions or errors before it is 
considered properly filed. This IFR details what information the 
producer submits to CBP in its certification that the Department will 
review for omissions or errors. The Act further gives the Secretary, in 
conjunction with the Secretary of the Treasury, authority to verify 
whether a covered vehicle complied with the LVC requirements. This IFR 
defines the scope of the Secretary's role in conducting these 
verifications and the process by which the Secretary will conduct these 
verifications.
    To aid the Secretary in verifying producer compliance, the Act 
gives the Secretary authority to require a producer to make, keep, and 
render for examination and inspection, records and supporting 
documentation related to a producer's certification of compliance with 
the high-wage components of the LVC requirements. Pursuant to this 
authority and consistent with the USMCA's recordkeeping provisions, 
this IFR explains producers' recordkeeping responsibilities and the 
scope of the Secretary's authority to inspect such records.
    This IFR also provides for an administrative review process of the 
Department's analysis and findings concerning a producer's compliance 
with the high-wage components of the LVC requirements. The 
administrative review will be conducted by either the WHD Administrator 
(``Administrator'') or by an official the Administrator designates as 
the presiding official; the presiding official may refer disputed 
questions of fact to the Chief Administrative Law Judge for a 
recommended decision.
    The Act provides whistleblower protections to individuals who 
provide information relating to, or otherwise cooperate or seek to 
cooperate in, a verification of the LVC requirements. To implement 
these protections, this IFR describes the Department's whistleblower 
enforcement processes, including the filing of complaints, 
investigations, issuance of determinations, and the administrative 
review process.
    The Department's estimates of the economic impact of this IFR are 
discussed in sections V. and VI. Pursuant to Executive Order 12866, the 
Office of Management and Budget's (``OMB'') Office of Information and 
Regulatory Affairs (``OIRA'') has determined that this IFR is 
economically significant. The Department has conducted a Regulatory 
Impact Analysis (``RIA'') to demonstrate the IFR's potential effects 
through a qualitative and quantitative analysis, consistent with 
Executive Order 13563. The Department quantified two direct costs to 
businesses: (1) Regulatory familiarization costs and (2) recordkeeping 
costs. Annualizing over 10 years, these costs are estimated to be $6.1 
million per year at both a 3 percent and 7 percent discount rate. 
Producer adjustment costs, consumer costs, economic costs, and 
Departmental costs are discussed qualitatively. This IFR is exempt from 
Executive Order 13771, because this Executive Order expressly exempts 
regulations issued with respect to foreign affairs functions (5 U.S.C. 
553).
    Pursuant to the Congressional Review Act (5 U.S.C. 801, et seq.), 
OIRA designated this rule as a ``major rule,'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 
804(2).

II. Background

A. The Agreement Between the United States of America, the United 
Mexican States, and Canada

    On May 23, 2017, the United States Trade Representative (``USTR'') 
published in the Federal Register a notice of the United States' 
intention to begin negotiations with Canada and Mexico regarding 
modernization of the North American Free Trade Agreement (``NAFTA''). 
See 82 FR 23699. Through these negotiations, the United States sought 
to create more balanced, reciprocal trade that supports high-paying 
jobs for Americans and grows the North American economy. On November 
30, 2018, the Governments of the United States of America, the United 
Mexican States, and Canada signed the Protocol Replacing the North 
American Free Trade Agreement with the Agreement between the United 
States of America, the United Mexican States, and Canada (``USMCA''), 
and on December 10, 2019 the three countries agreed to a Protocol of 
Amendments to the USMCA. All three countries ratified the USMCA; Mexico 
on December 12, 2019, the United States on January 29, 2020, and Canada 
on March 13, 2020.
    The USMCA recognizes that international trade, investment, and 
economic growth can be facilitated through the implementation of 
government-wide practices that promote regulatory quality through 
greater transparency, objective analysis, accountability, and 
predictability. The USMCA also seeks to promote the protection and 
enforcement of labor rights, the improvement of working conditions, and 
the strengthening of cooperation on labor issues.
    In support of these goals, the USMCA includes new rules of origin 
criteria for claiming preferential tariff treatment for automotive 
goods, including LVC requirements as set forth in Article 7 of the 
Appendix to Annex 4-B of the USMCA (``Automotive Appendix''). The LVC 
requirements promote more high-wage jobs for the U.S. auto industry by 
requiring that a significant portion of motor vehicles be made with 
high-wage labor.\2\ The LVC requirements state that for a passenger 
vehicle, light truck, or heavy truck (``covered vehicle'') to be 
eligible for preferential tariff treatment, a minimum percentage of the 
cost of the vehicle must involve certain high-wage expenditures. After 
a transition period of 3 years with gradually increasing percentages 
(or longer if a producer successfully petitions to be covered under the 
USMCA's alternative staging regime),\3\ as discussed in Articles 7 and 
8 of the Automotive Appendix, at least 40 percent of the value of 
passenger vehicles and 45 percent of the value of light and heavy 
trucks must meet these high-wage expenditure requirements. The three 
categories of high-wage expenditures are as follows:
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    \2\ United States-Mexico-Canada Trade Fact Sheet: Rebalancing 
Trade to Support Manufacturing, Office of the United States Trade 
Representative, https://ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements/united-states-mexico-canada-agreement/fact-sheets/rebalancing.
    \3\ The alternative staging regime provides for a phase-in 
period of the LVC requirements and additional time to meet those 
requirements. See 85 FR 22238, 22239 (Apr. 21, 2020).
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    i. High-wage material and manufacturing expenditures.\4\ The high-
wage material and manufacturing expenditures provision requires that, 
after a phase-in period, beginning on July 1, 2023 at least 25 percent 
of the annual purchase value or net cost of a passenger vehicle, or 30 
percent of the annual purchase value or net cost of a light truck or 
heavy truck, come from parts and materials used in the production of 
those vehicles, and

[[Page 39784]]

produced in a North American production plant or facility, or from any 
labor costs in a North American vehicle assembly plant or facility, 
with a production wage rate of at least US$16 per hour.
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    \4\ The USMCA refers to ``high-wage material and manufacturing 
expenditures'' while the Uniform Regulations use the term ``high-
wage material and labor expenditures.'' See, e.g., Uniform 
Regulations, Part IV, Sec. 18, ] 1. This rule uses the treaty 
language.
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    ii. High-wage technology expenditures. The high-wage technology 
expenditures provision allows producers to claim a credit towards the 
LVC requirements of up to 10 percent. The credit is equal to the 
vehicle producer's total annual expenditures on wages in North America 
for research and development or information technology as a percentage 
of the producer's total annual expenditures on production wages.
    iii. High-wage assembly expenditures. The high-wage assembly 
expenditures provision permits producers to claim a single credit of 
five percent towards the LVC requirements if the producer has an 
engine, transmission, or advanced battery assembly plant meeting 
certain production capacity standards, or has a long term contract with 
such a plant, in North America with an average production wage rate of 
at least US$16 per hour.
    The USMCA also states that a claim for preferential tariff 
treatment, including preferential tariffs for automotive goods, must be 
based on a certification of origin completed by the importer, exporter, 
or producer. An importer claiming preferential tariff treatment for a 
good imported into a USMCA Country (the United States, Mexico, or 
Canada) must maintain all documentation, records, and information 
necessary to demonstrate the basis for the claim. Exporters and 
producers must maintain all records necessary to support a claim for 
preferential tariff treatment for a good for which the exporter or 
producer provided a certification of origin.
    The USMCA further provides that the USMCA Countries may conduct a 
verification of a certification or claim for preferential tariff 
treatment. Pursuant to the USMCA, such verifications may include 
written requests for information and documentation, onsite visits to 
production plants and facilities, as well as other procedures to be 
decided by the USMCA Countries.

B. United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act

    On January 29, 2020, the United States-Mexico-Canada Implementation 
Act (``USMCA Implementation Act'' or ``Act'') was signed into law, 
ratifying the USMCA and implementing its provisions. Section 202A of 
the Act, codified at 19 U.S.C. 4532, provides that a covered vehicle is 
eligible for preferential tariff treatment when imported into the 
United States only if the producer has provided a certification that 
the production of the covered vehicle meets the LVC requirements, 
including the high-wage components. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(c)(1)(A). The 
producer must have information on record to support the calculations on 
which its certification is based, and maintain records supporting such 
calculations. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(c)(1)(A). The Secretary, in 
consultation with the Commissioner of CBP, must review these 
certifications for errors or omissions before the certification can be 
considered properly filed. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(c)(1)(B).
    The Act also describes the procedures for verification of 
preferential tariff claims, including preferential tariff claims for 
covered vehicles. Section 4532(e)(1) authorizes the Secretary of the 
Treasury, in conjunction with the Secretary, to verify whether a 
covered vehicle is in compliance with the LVC requirements. See 19 
U.S.C. 4532(e)(1). The Secretary is charged, in cooperation with the 
Secretary of the Treasury, with verifying whether the production of 
covered vehicles meets the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements, including the high-wage material and manufacturing 
expenditures, high-wage technology expenditures, and high-wage assembly 
expenditures discussed above. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(2). As part of 
these verifications, the Act authorizes the Secretary to examine any 
record, and request information from any officer, employee, or agent of 
a producer of automotive goods that may be relevant with respect to 
whether the production of the covered vehicle complied with the high-
wage components of the LVC requirements. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(4)(A). 
Relevant records and information include records and information 
relating to wages, hours, job responsibilities, and other information 
in any plant or facility relied on by the producer to demonstrate 
compliance with the high-wage components of the LVC requirements. See 
19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(4)(B). The Act also prohibits retaliation against any 
person who discloses information relating to a verification or 
otherwise cooperates in a verification. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(5).

C. Interim Guidance From USTR and CBP

    CBP published its USMCA Interim Implementing Instructions on April 
20, 2020, and on June 16, 2020 published a revised version (``CBP 
Implementing Instructions''). This guidance is intended to provide 
information as to how to make preferential tariff claims under the 
USMCA pending the issuance of applicable regulations.\5\ These 
instructions, which do not have legal or binding effect, provide 
general guidelines as to the rules of origin and regional value content 
requirements for goods imported into the United States from Canada or 
Mexico, how importers may claim preferential tariff treatment for 
imported goods, and the general process for submitting a certification 
of origin.\6\ The instructions also describe CBP's general 
recordkeeping requirements for importers who have made a preferential 
treatment claim and for any person who has completed a USMCA 
certification of origin or provided a written representation for a good 
exported from the United States to another USMCA Country. They also 
provide information as to how CBP will conduct a verification of a 
claim to preferential tariff treatment and issue a determination 
conveying the verification results.
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    \5\ U.S. Customs and Border Protection, United States-Mexico-
Canada Agreement (USMCA) Interim Implementing Instructions, modified 
June 16, 2020, available at https://www.cbp.gov/document/guidance/usmca-interim-implementation-instructions.
    \6\ The CBP Implementing Instructions state: ``This document is 
for advance informational and advisory purposes only. It is not 
final and is subject to further revision. It is not intended to have 
legal or binding effect. Any decisions a reader makes based on this 
draft document are made with the understanding that the information 
in this document is advisory only and may change. The reader is 
responsible for monitoring the CBP website to ensure awareness of 
the status of any revisions to this document.''
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    In addition to this general guidance on preferential tariff claims 
under the USMCA, the CBP Implementing Instructions provide more 
specific information about the additional requirements applicable to 
automotive goods. For example, the CBP Implementing Instructions 
provide, in part, information relating to the rules of origin for 
automotive goods and LVC certification procedures and requirements. 
Annex B of the CBP Implementing Instructions, developed in coordination 
with the Department, provides guidance on what certification 
information the Department will review for omissions or errors. This 
topic is discussed in more detail in this IFR. Certain aspects of the 
Department's regulations may differ from the information provided in 
the CBP Implementing Instructions. If there are such differences, the 
Department's regulations are controlling.
    On April 21, 2020, USTR published the Procedures for the Submission 
of Petitions by North American Producers of Passenger Vehicles or Light 
Trucks

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To Use the Alternative Staging Regime for the USMCA Rules of Origin for 
Automotive Goods, a notice in the Federal Register providing guidance 
to vehicle producers for requesting an alternative to the standard 
staging regime for the USMCA rules of origin for automotive goods, 
including the LVC requirements. See 85 FR 22238. The notice specifies 
the vehicle producers that are eligible to petition for an alternative 
staging regime and the requirements that must be met during and after 
the alternative staging regime. It sets forth the timeline for filing 
petitions for alternative staging and details the information that must 
be included in the petitions. The notice also describes the process 
that USTR will use to review and approve such petitions. The notice 
also explains the process for requesting a modification of an approved 
alternative staging plan, which the vehicle producer must make whenever 
there are material changes to information contained in a petition that 
will affect the producer's ability to meet any of the requirements set 
forth in Articles 2 through 7 of the Automotive Appendix after the 
alternative staging period has expired. The notice also specifies that 
vehicle producers that do not meet the requirements of the alternative 
staging regime are not eligible for preferential tariff treatment 
pursuant to the alternative staging regime.

D. Uniform Regulations

    The USMCA provides that the parties to the agreement shall, by 
entry into force of the agreement, adopt Uniform Regulations regarding 
the interpretation, application, and administration of, in part, 
Chapter 4 (Rules of Origin) and other matters as may be decided by the 
parties to the agreement. See USMCA, Article 5.16. The Uniform 
Regulations regarding, in part, Chapter 4 (Rules of Origin) and Chapter 
5 (Origin Procedures) adopted on June 3, 2020 represent a trilateral 
agreement between the United States of America, the United Mexican 
States, and Canada regarding the interpretation, application, and 
administration of Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 of the USMCA. The Department 
intends the regulations set forth in this IFR to be consistent with the 
Uniform Regulations.

E. Inapplicability of Notice and Delayed Effective Date Requirements 
Procedures

    Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553(a)(1), public notice and comment 
procedures are inapplicable to these interim regulations because they 
involve a ``foreign affairs function of the United States.'' The delay 
caused by public notice and comment procedures would prevent these 
regulations from being in place on the date that the USMCA enters into 
force. A failure to have the regulations in place setting forth the 
procedures implementing important rules for preferential tariff 
treatment of automobiles would provoke undesirable international 
consequences by inhibiting the execution of the United States' 
obligations under the USMCA and creating international uncertainty 
about the United States' enforcement of tariff preferences.
    In addition, the Department for good cause finds, pursuant to 5 
U.S.C. 553(b)(B), that the public notice and comment requirements are 
impracticable and contrary to the public interest, and thus should not 
apply to these regulations. The USMCA's LVC requirements, which the 
Department is tasked in part with enforcing, apply once the USMCA 
enters into force. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(h). Accordingly, these 
regulations establish procedures that the public must know by the 
entry-into-force date in order to claim the benefit of a tariff 
preference under the USMCA. The Uniform Regulations, which required the 
agreement of the United States of America, the United Mexican States, 
and Canada, were only adopted on June 3, 2020. This IFR's regulations, 
however, must be consistent with the Uniform Regulations and could not 
be completed and prepared for public notice and comment until the 
Uniform Regulations were adopted. Given the recent adoption of the 
Uniform Regulations and the approaching date on which the USMCA enters 
into force, following public notice and comment procedures could 
prevent the implementation of these regulations by the entry-into-force 
date, leading to harmful consequences for stakeholders throughout the 
automotive industry. Furthermore, because these are interim 
regulations, the public will have an opportunity to comment and provide 
input for the final rule, reducing any impact from the lack of notice.
    Finally, for the above-listed reasons, the Department has 
determined that good cause exists under 5 U.S.C. 553(d)(3) for 
dispensing with a delayed effective date.

III. Additions for 29 CFR Part 810

    The provisions relating to the Department's role in enforcing the 
high-wage components of the LVC requirements of the USMCA are described 
and interpreted by the Secretary in regulations to appear in new part 
810 of Title 29 of the Code of Federal Regulations, and addressed 
below.

Subpart A--General

Section 810.2 Purpose and Scope
    This section briefly describes the purpose of the USMCA and the 
Act, and the Department's role in enforcing the wage-related components 
of the USMCA's LVC requirements. WHD is issuing the regulations in part 
810 in accordance with 19 U.S.C. 4535(b), which requires the Secretary 
to prescribe regulations necessary to carry out the LVC determination 
under 19 U.S.C. 4532, and 19 U.S.C. 1508(b)(4), which grants the 
Secretary authority to prescribe regulations relating to the 
recordkeeping requirements detailed in 19 U.S.C. 1508(b)(4). The 
Secretary has delegated this authority to the Administrator. The 
Department administers the high-wage components of the LVC 
determination. Other agencies administer the other components of the 
LVC requirements, and the regulations in this part explain how the 
Department will coordinate with CBP and other federal agencies to 
fulfill its statutory mandate.
    The Department's principal responsibility under the USMCA is to 
evaluate and verify worker wage rates. For assessing high-wage material 
and manufacturing expenditures and high-wage assembly expenditures, the 
Department must determine whether workers earned an average hourly base 
wage rate of at least US$16 per hour for the time worked in direct 
production. For assessing the high-wage technology expenditures credit, 
the Department must evaluate wages paid to research and development and 
information technology workers.
Section 810.3 Definitions and Use of Terms
    This section defines terms that are used throughout this IFR. Many 
of the terms in this IFR are already defined in the USMCA. Where noted 
in this section, these terms invoke the USMCA's definitions; however, 
because of variations in how certain terms are used in the USMCA, the 
meanings of certain terms vary slightly across the IFR. For example, 
the terms ``importer'' and ``exporter'' are defined in Appendix 5 of 
the USMCA. Except where indicated otherwise, the term ``producer'' as 
used in this rule encompasses the terms ``importer'' and ``exporter,'' 
as these three terms are often referenced together in the treaty, and 
the regulations generally apply uniformly to all three types of 
entities. However, when used in Sec.  810.405, for example, the term 
``producer'' means only ``producer of the covered vehicle.'' This 
exception is necessary because

[[Page 39786]]

only the producer of the covered vehicle may provide a certification 
that the covered vehicle meets the applicable LVC requirements. See 19 
U.S.C. 4532(c)(1)(A).
    Many of the terms used in this rule are most relevant to the 
portions of the LVC requirements within CBP's purview. Unless otherwise 
stated, the definitions used in these regulations are intended to be 
consistent with CBP's use of the terms. Where these regulations use 
terms relating to the LVC requirements without providing a 
corresponding definition, the Department intends such terms to have the 
meaning as understood by CBP and (where applicable) explained in its 
guidance and regulations.
    Other definitions are provided in this rule to ensure that there is 
a uniform use and understanding of the terms, which will aid in this 
rule's administration. These terms, such as ``Administrative Law 
Judge'' and ``Administrator,'' adopt standard Department definitions 
used in other rules.

Subpart B--Calculating the High-Wage Component of Material and 
Manufacturing Expenditures

Section 810.100 Scope and Purpose of This Subpart
    The USMCA Implementation Act authorizes the Secretary, in 
conjunction with the Secretary of the Treasury, to verify whether 
covered vehicle production complies with the high-wage components of 
the LVC requirements set forth in the USMCA. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(e). The 
high-wage material and manufacturing expenditures component of the LVC 
requires producers to demonstrate that a minimum percentage of the cost 
of the vehicle is composed of vehicle assembly labor costs, and/or 
parts and materials expenditures, from a North American plant or 
facility with an average hourly base wage rate of at least US$16 per 
hour. The Department works in conjunction with CBP to verify producer 
compliance. Specifically, the Department is responsible for verifying 
whether workers engaged in direct production work at a plant or 
facility included in a producer's material and manufacturing 
expenditures calculation earn an average hourly base wage rate of at 
least US$16 per hour. This subpart addresses calculation of this high-
wage aspect. All other aspects of material and manufacturing 
expenditures, including determining the percentage of the cost of a 
covered vehicle that assembly labor or specific parts and components 
constitutes, are within the purview of CBP and/or other federal 
agencies and addressed by their regulations and other guidance.
Section 810.105 Calculating the Average Hourly Base Wage Rate
    Subsection 810.105(a) sets forth the overarching rule that the 
average hourly base wage rate for a plant or facility is calculated by 
dividing the total base wages paid for all hours worked in direct 
production by the total number of hours worked in direct production. 
The USMCA does not define ``average hourly base wage rate,'' but 
instead defines ``production wage rate'' for a plant or facility as 
``the average hourly base wage rate, not including benefits, of 
employees directly involved in the production of the part or component 
used to calculate the LVC[.]'' See Automotive Appendix, Article 7.3 
n.77. Thus, the terms ``production wage rate'' and ``average hourly 
base wage rate'' are interchangeable for purposes of calculating a 
producer's high-wage material and manufacturing expenditures for a 
plant or facility. The Department considers the term ``average hourly 
base wage rate'' more descriptive and useful for calculation purposes, 
and generally uses that term.
    Subsection 810.105(b) describes the three components of the average 
hourly base wage rate calculation: The hourly base wage rate, hours 
worked in direct production, and total base wages.
    The hourly base wage rate is the rate of compensation a worker is 
paid for each hour worked in direct production work. The hourly base 
wage rate refers to the base rate of pay for an individual worker, 
whereas the average hourly base wage rate refers to the average rate of 
pay for a group of workers in a plant or facility. In determining the 
hourly base wage rate for each worker, the producer must exclude all 
benefits, bonuses, premium payments, incentive pay, overtime premiums, 
and all other similar payments. ``Similar payments'' include, for 
example, profit-sharing bonuses, tooling allowances, collective 
bargaining agreement ratification bonuses, and performance bonuses. 
Excluding such payments from the average hourly base wage rate 
calculation adopts a bright-line rule that is consistent with both the 
plain meaning of the term ``base'' and with the USMCA's language that 
the ``production wage rate is the average hourly base wage rate, not 
including benefits[.]'' See Automotive Appendix, Article 7, n.77. In 
contrast, including other types of payments in the base wage rate would 
undermine the treaty's plain meaning and increase administrative 
complexity. The Department's approach also strengthens the US$16 per 
hour standard, which increases the likelihood that producers will use 
American plants to meet the LVC requirements, and in turn promotes more 
high-wage jobs for U.S. auto industry workers.
    Amounts deducted from a worker's pay generally may be included in 
the hourly base wage rate to the extent they are for the benefit of the 
worker and are reasonable. WHD will look to the principles outlined in 
29 CFR part 531 to determine whether a deduction is for the benefit of 
the employee and is reasonable, and therefore may be included in the 
hourly base wage rate. For example, reasonable amounts deducted for 
board and lodging may be included in a worker's hourly base wage rate, 
see 29 CFR 531.3, as may amounts deducted for taxes assessed against 
the employee, see 29 CFR 531.38, and amounts deducted for payments to 
third persons pursuant to a court order, see 29 CFR 531.39. Conversely, 
amounts deducted for tools, equipment, or uniforms may not be included 
in a worker's hourly base wage rate, see 29 CFR 531.32(c).
    The second component of the average hourly base wage rate 
calculation is to determine the number of hours worked in direct 
production by each worker. This means all time a worker spends 
personally involved in the production of passenger vehicles, light 
trucks, heavy trucks, or parts used in the production of these vehicles 
at a plant or facility located in North America, or directly involved 
in the set-up, operation, or maintenance of equipment or tools used in 
the production of those vehicles or parts at that plant or facility. 
The total number of hours worked in direct production at a plant or 
facility, as referenced in subsection (a), is calculated by adding 
together hours in direct production (as calculated under subsections 
(b)(2)(i) and (b)(2)(ii)) for all workers who perform direct production 
work at that plant or facility.
    Subsection (b)(2)(i) provides that, except for executive and 
management staff, certain engineers, and other workers described in 
Sec.  810.130, if at least 85 percent of a worker's total work hours 
are worked in direct production during the time period the producer 
uses to calculate the average hourly base wage rate, see Sec.  
810.105(d), the worker's total work hours are considered hours worked 
in direct production, and are included in the average hourly base wage 
rate calculation. This is consistent with the Uniform Regulations, 
which provide that ``[f]or direct production workers, the average base 
hourly wage rate of pay is calculated based on all their working 
hours[,]'' and define

[[Page 39787]]

``direct production worker'' as ``any worker whose primary 
responsibilities are direct production work, meaning at least 85 
percent of the worker's time is spent performing direct production 
work.'' Uniform Regulations, Part VI, Sec. 12, ] 1. Subsection (i) is 
also consistent with the USMCA's production wage rate definition, which 
emphasizes the wage rate of workers ``directly involved in the 
production of the part or component used to calculate the LVC.'' See 
Automotive Appendix, Article 7, n.77.
    Subsection (b)(2)(ii) provides that, except for workers described 
in Sec.  810.130 (for whom all hours worked are excluded), if less than 
85 percent of a worker's total work hours are worked in direct 
production, only the worker's hours worked in direct production are 
included in the average hourly base wage rate calculation. This is 
similarly consistent with the Uniform Regulations provision that 
``[f]or other workers performing direct production work [who are not 
direct production workers], the average hourly rate is calculated based 
on the amount of hours performing direct production work.'' Uniform 
Regulations, Part VI, Sec. 12, ] 1.
    The 85 percent threshold described in Sec.  810.105(b) should 
simplify compliance with the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements by permitting producers to count all hours (and pay) for 
workers who spend most of their time performing direct production work. 
This bright-line approach minimizes compliance burdens and promotes 
administrative efficiency. Also, including in the average hourly base 
wage rate all direct production hours for any worker who performs 
direct production work (except for workers described in Sec.  810.130), 
helps ensure that the average hourly base wage rate appropriately 
reflects wages paid for direct production work.
    The third component of the average hourly base rate calculation is 
calculating ``total base wages''--i.e., the cumulative base wages for 
all time that workers spend performing direct production work. This 
calculation involves two steps. First, multiply each worker's hourly 
base wage rate by that worker's number of hours worked in direct 
production at that rate. The hourly base wage rate is set forth in 
subsection (b)(1) and hours worked in direct production is set forth in 
subsection (b)(2). Second, total the values calculated in step one to 
obtain total base wages paid for all hours worked in direct production 
at the plant or facility. As previously discussed, all of a worker's 
hours worked are considered hours worked in direct production (and are 
included in the average hourly base wage rate calculation) for workers 
who satisfy the 85 percent threshold in Sec.  810.105(b)(2)(i), while 
for workers under Sec.  810.105(b)(2)(ii), only hours worked in direct 
production are included. This calculation does not include any hours 
(whether in direct production or otherwise) for workers described in 
Sec.  810.130 (e.g., executives, management, research and development 
workers, certain engineers, and other personnel).
    Once the above calculations are performed (for the appropriate time 
period as set forth below), the average hourly base wage rate is 
calculated by dividing the total base wages by the total number of 
hours worked in direct production.
    Neither the USMCA, its implementing legislation, nor the Uniform 
Regulations address how to calculate the hourly base wage rate 
``average.'' The Department has chosen to calculate this average by 
dividing workers' total base wages for direct production work by their 
total number of hours worked in direct production, rather than by 
calculating the hourly base wage rate for each worker, and then 
averaging those individual rates.\7\ The Department believes that its 
chosen approach is more consistent with the Department counting hours 
worked in direct production toward the average hourly base wage rate. 
In contrast, the alternative approach is less consistent because it 
uses a single wage rate for each worker, including for workers who 
receive that rate in part for performing work that is not direct 
production work. The chosen approach may also strengthen the US$16 per 
hour standard because computing the average using the total number of 
hours worked in direct production may prevent an upward skewing of the 
average that could occur under the alternative method, under which 
highly paid workers working relatively few hours in direct production 
would have equal computational weight to lower-paid workers who work 
all or virtually all hours in direct production. Finally, as addressed 
in more detail in the discussion of Sec.  810.120, by dividing by the 
total number of hours workers spend performing direct production work, 
the Department's chosen approach allows employers to appropriately 
weight the wages of full- and part-time workers, without having to 
apply any special rules or computations for part-time workers. This 
uniform approach decreases administrative complexity and promotes 
efficiency.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \7\ These approaches can yield different results. For example, 
assume Worker A earned $800 in base wages for 40 hours of direct 
production work and Worker B earned $200 in base wages for 20 hours 
of direct production work. Under the chosen approach, a producer 
would compute the average by dividing the total base wages ($1,000) 
by the total hour worked in direct production (60), producing an 
average hourly base wage rate of $16.67 (which satisfies the US$16 
per hour LVC threshold). Under the alternative approach, the 
producer would average the hourly rate for each worker ($20 for 
Worker A and $10 for Worker B), resulting in an average hourly base 
wage rate of $15 per hour, which is less than the LVC threshold. The 
outcome could change (with the chosen approach resulting in a lower 
rate than the alternative approach) depending on the facts in a 
particular case. How to compute the average is distinct from 
determining what pay to include in the hourly base wage rate (under 
Sec.  810.105(b)(1)) and what work hours to include when calculating 
the average hourly base wage rate (as discussed in Sec.  
810.105(b)(2)).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Subsection 810.105(c) provides that a producer must include all 
hours worked in direct production at a plant or facility (other than by 
workers described in Sec.  810.130), and the pay for such hours, when 
calculating the average hourly base wage rate for that plant or 
facility. This is consistent with the Article 7.3 of the Automotive 
Appendix, which provides that the average hourly base wage rate at a 
``vehicle assembly plant or facility'' must be at least US$16 per hour 
for the parts or materials produced in that facility and, if the 
producer elects, labor costs in vehicle assembly at that facility count 
towards the high-wage material and manufacturing expenditures. 
Automotive Appendix, Article 7.3(a). Additionally, where a worker is 
paid by a third party (such as a temporary employment agency), only the 
wages received by the worker (and deductions that are for the worker's 
benefit and are reasonable, as described in Sec.  810.105(b)(1)(ii)) 
are included in the average hourly base wage rate calculation.
    Subsection 810.105(d) provides the time period over which a 
producer can calculate the average hourly base wage rate. The time 
period options are taken from Article 7.5 of the Automotive Appendix, 
which permits calculating the LVC over any one of the following 
periods: (1) The previous fiscal year of the producer; (2) the previous 
calendar year; (3) the quarter or month to date in which the vehicle is 
produced or exported; (4) the producer's fiscal year to date in which 
the vehicle is produced or exported; or (5) the calendar year to date 
in which the vehicle is produced or exported. In computing the average 
hourly base wage rate, the producer may use only base wages earned and 
hours worked in direct production (as set forth in subsection 
810.105(b)(2)) during the selected time period. Thus, for example, if 
in 2022 a producer elects to calculate

[[Page 39788]]

the average hourly base wage rate using the previous calendar year 
(under Sec.  810.105(d)(2)), its calculations would encompass hourly 
base wage rates for hours worked in direct production from January 1, 
2021 through December 31, 2021.
Section 810.110 Examples of Direct Production Work
    Section 810.110 provides a non-exhaustive list of examples of types 
of work that constitute direct production work for purposes of 
calculating the average hourly base wage rate. The Department includes 
these examples to help producers understand which types of work to 
include when properly calculating the average hourly base wage rate. 
These examples are consistent with the USMCA, as they describe types of 
work performed by ``employees directly involved in . . . 
production[.]'' Automotive Appendix, Article 7.3 n.77.
    Consistent with the Uniform Regulations, subsection (a) explains 
that direct production work includes production of vehicles and parts, 
including both manufacture and assembly, as well as the operation or 
maintenance of equipment used in the production of vehicles and parts. 
Direct production work is not specific to a single location in the 
plant or facility; it may take place on a production line, at a 
workstation, on the shop floor, or in another production area. As to 
specific tasks, direct production work includes material handling of 
vehicles or parts; inspections of vehicles or parts, including 
inspections that are normally categorized as quality control, and for 
heavy trucks, pre-sale inspections carried out at the place where the 
vehicle is produced; on-the-job training regarding the execution of a 
specific production task; and maintaining and ensuring the operation of 
the production line or production area and the operation of tools and 
equipment used in the production of vehicles or parts, including the 
cleaning of the line or production area and the places around it. 
Direct production work may be performed by skilled tradespeople, such 
as process or production engineers, mechanics, technicians, and other 
employees, responsible for maintaining and ensuring the operation of 
the production line or tools and equipment used in the direct 
production of vehicles or parts. Consistent with Article 7.3 of the 
Automotive Appendix and the Uniform Regulations, direct production work 
does not include research and development work or engineering work 
unrelated to maintaining and ensuring the operation of the production 
line or tools and equipment used in the production of vehicles or 
parts.
    Subsection (b) explains that except for workers described in Sec.  
810.130, time spent, for example, by line supervisors and team leads, 
engaged in providing on-the-job training regarding the execution of a 
specific production task or relieving a worker in the performance of 
direct production duties is direct production work. On-the-job training 
generally involves direct production work and often occurs on the 
production line, at a workstation, on the shop floor, or in another 
production area. Such activities would include, for example, a line 
supervisor staying at a workstation with a worker to guide the worker 
through how to perform a task the worker has been assigned. Relief work 
also constitutes hours worked in direct production because in such 
instances the supervisor is performing the same direct production work 
performed by the relieved worker, and which would normally be included 
in that worker's hours worked in direct production. However, time spent 
managing workers, including supervising workers performing direct 
production work, is not itself direct production work, and therefore is 
not included in the average hourly base wage rate calculation.
    The Department invites comments from stakeholders concerning what, 
if any, additional examples of direct production work should be 
included in the final rule.
Section 810.115 Paid Meal Time and Paid Break Time
    Section 810.115 explains how to treat paid meal and break times 
when calculating the average hourly base wage rate. Such time counts as 
direct production work for purposes of determining (under Sec.  
810.105(b)(2)(i)) whether at least 85 percent of a worker's total work 
hours--a figure that includes paid meal time and paid break time for 
purposes of the USMCA--are hours worked in direct production. However, 
if less than 85 percent of a worker's total work hours are worked in 
direct production, paid meal time and paid break time are not 
considered hours worked in direct production when applying Sec.  
810.105(b)(2)(ii). Unpaid meal time and unpaid break time are never 
included in the average hourly base wage rate calculation.
    Counting paid meal and break time toward the 85 percent threshold 
is a fair approach that will simplify the average hourly base wage rate 
calculation and ease burdens on producers. In contrast, a simple 
example illustrates how excluding such time from the 85 percent 
threshold could undermine the threshold and thus the USMCA's 
objectives. A full-time worker who works 8 hours per day, 5 days per 
week, during the producer's certification period must spend at least 34 
hours per week (i.e., 85 percent of 40 hours) performing direct 
production work to meet the 85 percent threshold. If such a worker 
received a 30-minute paid meal break and two 15-minute paid rest breaks 
each work day (totaling 5 hours per week), and such hours did not count 
toward the 85 percent threshold (but were considered part of total 
hours worked), the worker would not meet the 85 percent threshold if 
the worker spent more than 1 additional hour per week performing work 
that is not direct production work. This outcome could result in more 
workers who spend virtually all of their time performing direct 
production work nonetheless not meeting the 85 percent threshold. Such 
a result could undermine the interests in administrative efficiency 
underlying the 85 percent threshold, and create disincentives to 
providing workers paid meal and break times--time which may help to 
promote worker efficiency. Given such consequences, the Department 
believes its treatment of paid meal time and paid break time is 
consistent with the Uniform Regulations.
Section 810.120 Part-Time, Temporary, Seasonal, and Contract Workers
    Subsection 810.120(a) provides that hours of part-time workers, 
temporary workers, and seasonal workers are treated the same as hours 
of full-time workers for purposes of calculating the average hourly 
base wage rate. The Department understands that such workers are common 
in the automobile industry, and sees no basis in the USMCA or the Act 
for treating such workers differently than permanent full-time workers 
when calculating the average hourly base wage rate. What matters for 
USMCA purposes is the worker's base rate of pay and the type of work 
the worker performs, not the timing of the worker's work or whether it 
technically is provided on a part-time or full-time basis. The 
Department's equal treatment of all workers is reflected in the average 
hourly base wage rate calculation, which appropriately weights the pay 
and hours worked for all workers by simply dividing the total base 
wages paid for all hours worked in direct production by the total 
number of hours worked in direct production. A different approach (such 
as granting producers discretion to exclude these workers from its

[[Page 39789]]

calculations under certain circumstances) could skew the calculations 
so that they do not accurately represent the actual average hourly base 
wage rates for time workers spent performing direct production work. 
Without accurate average hourly base wage rates, the Department could 
not effectively verify whether producers have complied with the high-
wage components of the LVC requirements, thereby undermining the 
purpose of the USMCA and the Act.
    Subsection 810.120(b) provides that workers' hours are included in 
the average hourly base wage rate calculation even if the workers do 
not have an employment relationship with the producer. This could 
include, for example, contract workers and workers employed by staffing 
agencies who perform direct production work. This approach is 
consistent with the treaty text, which emphasizes whether employees are 
directly involved in production work, see Automotive Appendix, Article 
7.3 n.77, not whether they are directly employed by the producer or 
another entity. In addition, Sec.  810.120(b) promotes transparency by 
helping ensure that all direct production work is included in the 
average hourly base wage rate calculation, regardless of how a working 
relationship is structured. As with the workers addressed in Sec.  
810.120(a), the inclusion of these workers' hours will result in more 
representative calculations that more precisely reflect the actual 
average hourly base wage rates, which will allow the Department to 
accurately verify whether producers have complied with the high-wage 
components of the LVC requirements.
Section 810.125 Workers Paid on a Non-Hourly Basis
    Section 810.125 explains how to factor the wages of workers paid on 
a non-hourly basis into the average hourly base wage rate calculation. 
While the USMCA refers to the average hourly base wage rate, the 
Department recognizes that not all workers who perform direct 
production work are paid on an hourly basis. Given this reality, and to 
help ensure that the average hourly base wage rate calculation does not 
exclude workers who perform direct production work based solely on 
whether they are paid hourly, the Department interprets the USMCA as 
permitting workers paid on a basis other than hourly to be included in 
the average hourly base wage rate calculation. To do otherwise would in 
effect force a producer to convert to hourly status any worker it wants 
to include in its average hourly wage rate calculations. This promotes 
neither the USMCA's purpose nor efficient business practices.
    Accordingly, if any worker performing direct production work is 
compensated by a method other than hourly, such as a salary, piece-
rate, or day-rate basis, the worker's hourly base wage rate shall be 
calculated by converting the salary, piece-rate, or day-rate to an 
hourly equivalent. The Department will follow standard WHD practices in 
converting non-hourly wages to an hourly equivalent. WHD regularly does 
such conversions in the Fair Labor Standards Act (``FLSA'') context and 
for several other statutes it enforces. After performing the 
conversion, the hourly equivalent rate is then multiplied by the 
worker's number of hours worked in direct production for purposes of 
calculating the average hourly base wage rate.
    Subsection 810.125(b) provides examples of specific types of 
conversions using standard WHD practices where a salary, piece-rate, or 
day-rate wage is paid to a worker on a (1) weekly or bi-weekly, (2) 
semi-monthly, or (3) a monthly basis.
Section 810.130 Executive, Management, Research and Development, 
Engineering, and Other Personnel
    Section 810.130 provides a list of the types of workers whose hours 
worked are never included in the average hourly base wage rate 
calculation. Subsection (a) excludes from the average hourly base wage 
rate any hours worked by executive or management staff who generally 
have the authority to make final decisions to hire, fire, promote, 
transfer, and discipline employees. This regulation, which largely 
tracks the Uniform Regulations and is consistent with its intent, is 
meant to provide helpful guidance to the regulated community on the 
duties indicative of executive or management staff. It is not intended 
to condone including in the average hourly base wage rate direct 
production work hours of executive or management staff who, for 
example, perform all but one of the enumerated duties, or make 
decisions on all of the listed duties, but not ``final decisions'' on 
one of the listed duties. The Department will closely scrutinize the 
designation of employees as not falling within this category when 
conducting verifications in order to ensure compliance with the USMCA's 
position that the average hourly base wage rate exclude the ``salaries 
of management[.]'' See Automotive Appendix, Article 7, n.77.
    Subsection 810.130(b) excludes from the average hourly base wage 
rate any hours worked by workers engaged in research and development. 
Subsection 810.130(c) excludes engineers, mechanics, or technicians, if 
such personnel are not responsible for maintaining and ensuring the 
operation of the production line or tools and equipment used in the 
production of vehicles or parts. These provisions are consistent with 
the Uniform Regulations, which provide that direct production work does 
not include ``any work by workers engaged in research and development, 
or work by engineering or other personnel that are not responsible for 
maintaining and ensuring the operation of the production line or tools 
and equipment used in the production of vehicles or parts.'' Uniform 
Regulations, Part VI, Sec. 12, ] 1. The Department interprets ``or 
other personnel'' in the Uniform Regulations to encompass mechanics or 
technicians--skilled workers who, under the Uniform Regulations, 
perform direct production work when they are ``responsible for 
maintaining and ensuring the operation of the production line or tools 
and equipment used in the production of vehicles or parts,'' but who do 
not perform direct production work, and thus cannot be included in the 
average hourly base wage rate calculation, when they do not meet that 
requirement. Uniform Regulations, Part VI, Sec. 12, ] 1. A contrary 
interpretation of ``other personnel'' that, for example, encompassed 
all other types of workers, could unduly exclude direct production work 
from the average hourly base wage rate calculation in a manner that the 
Department believes is contrary to the USMCA and the intent underlying 
the Uniform Regulations.
Section 810.135 Interns, Students, and Trainees
    Section 810.135 provides that hours worked by an intern, student, 
or trainee who does not have an express or implied compensation 
agreement with the employer are not considered hours worked in direct 
production. Accordingly, the hours worked by such workers are not 
included in the average hourly base wage rate calculation. Conversely, 
if an intern, student, or trainee has an express or implied 
compensation agreement with the employer, the intern, student, or 
trainee's hours and pay are treated like any other worker in the 
average hourly base wage rate calculation, as described in Sec.  
810.105. This approach is consistent with the Uniform Regulations, 
which address interns, students, and trainees in the average

[[Page 39790]]

base hourly wage rate and direct production work definitions. See 
Uniform Regulations, Part VI, Sec. 12, ] 1.
Section 810.140 High-Wage Transportation or Related Costs for Shipping 
a High-Wage Part or Material
    Section 810.140 provides that a producer may include in its high-
wage material and manufacturing costs high-wage transportation or 
related costs for shipping a high-wage part or material within the 
USMCA Countries, if these high-wage transportation or related costs 
have not otherwise already been included in the annual purchase value 
calculations. This section tracks the Automotive Appendix, Article 7.3 
n.75, and properly credits a producer who uses high-wage labor to 
perform transportation and shipping work. As defined and described in 
more detail in the Uniform Regulations, ``high-wage transportation or 
related costs for shipping'' refers to the costs that a producer incurs 
on transportation, logistics, or material handling services where the 
relevant service provider paid an average hourly base wage rate of at 
least US$16 per hour to the provider's direct production workers 
performing these services. For purposes of this section, such workers 
include, for example, drivers and loaders performing the 
transportation, logistics, or material handling of a part or component. 
The Department may verify the hourly base wage rate for such workers by 
examining the transportation or shipping providers' contracts, 
including collective bargaining agreements entered into by the 
transportation or shipping company, and other indications of the wages 
paid to these workers.
Section 810.145 Currency Exchange
    Section 810.145 explains that the high-wage component of material 
and manufacturing expenditures (and assembly expenditures under Sec.  
810.300) is expressed in U.S. dollars--US$16 per hour. Pursuant to the 
USMCA and its implementing statute, the Department may review 
certifications and conduct verifications of plants or facilities in 
Mexico and Canada that pay wages in the Mexican peso or Canadian 
dollar. Accordingly, the Department may need to review average hourly 
base wage rate calculations of producers based on wages paid in the 
respective domestic currencies. In reviewing those calculations, the 
Department will follow the rules governing currency exchange set forth 
in the Uniform Regulations, e.g., Uniform Regulations, Part I, Sec. 2, 
] 1; Part IV, Sec. 12, ] 1, and regulations and/or guidance issued by 
the Department of the Treasury and/or CBP.
Section 810.150 Adjustment of the Average Hourly Base Wage Rate
    This section provides that in the event the USMCA Countries agree 
to adjust the average hourly base wage rate from US$16 per hour, the 
Department's regulations will continue to apply and the Department will 
use the new average hourly base wage rate. A change in this dollar 
amount does not affect the principles set forth in the Department's 
regulations, and so continuing to apply these regulations is 
appropriate. This section will ensure continuity and avoid the 
misimpression that a change to the average hourly base wage rate would 
require the Department to promulgate new regulations. In addition, to 
ensure that the regulated community is aware of the change, WHD will 
publish a notice in the Federal Register alerting the public of the new 
dollar amount of the average hourly base wage rate requirement.

Subpart C--Calculating the High-Wage Technology Expenditures Credit

Section 810.200 High-Wage Technology Expenditures Credit
    This section explains how to calculate the second high-wage 
component of the LVC requirements, the high-wage technology 
expenditures credit. Article 7.3 of the Automotive Appendix provides 
that a producer is entitled to a high-wage technology expenditures 
credit equal to ``the annual vehicle producer expenditures in North 
America on wages for research and development (``R&D'') or information 
technology (``IT'') as a percentage of total annual vehicle producer 
expenditures on production wages in North America.'' As explained in 
this section, a producer may receive a 10 percent credit towards its 
total LVC requirement by demonstrating that the sum of its annual 
expenditures in North America on wages for R&D and IT is equal to or 
greater than 10 percent of its annual expenditures on production wages 
in North America. If a producer's annual expenditures in North America 
on wages for R&D and IT are less than 10 percent of the producer's 
annual expenditures in North America on production wages, then the 
producer is eligible for a credit equal to the actual percentage of the 
producer's annual expenditures in North America on wages for R&D and IT 
as a percentage of its total annual expenditures in North America on 
production wages. In other words, the high-wage technology expenditures 
credit is calculated as follows, with a maximum allowable credit of 10 
percent:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR01JY20.010

    Consistent with the USMCA, and as described in more detail in the 
Uniform Regulations, for purposes of the calculation, ``annual 
expenditures in North America on wages for R&D'' means total annual 
corporate spending in North America on wages for research and 
development, including prototype development, design, engineering, 
testing, or certifying operations. See Automotive Appendix, Article 
7.3, n. 79; see also Uniform Regulations, Part VI, Sec. 12, ] 1. 
Likewise, ``annual expenditures in North America on wages for IT'' 
means total annual corporate spending in North America on wages for 
information technology, including software development, technology 
integration, vehicle communications, and information technology support 
operations. See Automotive Appendix, Article 7.3, n. 80. The Department 
invites comment on the types of R&D and IT work performed for 
automotive producers, including how often such workers perform other 
types of work in addition to their R&D and IT duties. Similarly, 
consistent with the USMCA, ``annual expenditures in North America on 
production wages'' means total annual corporate spending on wages for 
production of passenger vehicles, light trucks, and heavy trucks in 
North America. See Automotive Appendix, Article 7.
    The Department interprets the term ``wages'' for purposes of the 
high-wage technology expenditures credit as meaning all wages paid to 
relevant

[[Page 39791]]

workers, including bonuses, premium payments, incentive pay, and 
overtime premiums. ``Wage'' in this context is distinct from the 
``hourly base wage rate'' defined in Sec.  810.105(b)(1), as the treaty 
language addressing the high-wage technology expenditures credit refers 
to ``wages'' broadly as opposed to the narrower ``base wages'' used for 
calculating the high-wage material and manufacturing expenditures 
component and the high-wage assembly expenditures credit. Thus, for 
purposes of calculating the numerator in the above formula, producers 
must total expenditures for all wages paid to workers in North America 
for the research and development and information technology work 
described above. Similarly, for purposes of calculating the denominator 
in the above formula, producers must total expenditures for all wages 
paid to workers in North America who perform direct production work. 
Producers often keep this data regarding total expenditures on wages in 
the normal course of business, and thus this interpretation of 
``wages'' should provide administrative efficiency for producers.

Subpart D--Calculating the High-Wage Assembly Expenditures Credit

Section 810.300 High-Wage Assembly Expenditures Credit
    This section describes the requirements for calculating the high-
wage assembly expenditures credit, the third high-wage component of the 
LVC requirements. Consistent with Article 7 of the Automotive Appendix, 
Sec.  810.300(a) explains that a producer may receive a credit of five 
percent towards the total LVC requirement if it demonstrates that it 
operates, or has a long term contract with, a qualified assembly plant. 
An assembly plant qualifies a producer for the high-wage assembly 
expenditures credit if it is a North American high-wage engine assembly 
plant, transmission assembly plant, or advanced battery assembly plant 
that meets certain minimum annual production capacity requirements. 
Five percent is the only possible assembly expenditures credit that 
producers may receive; producers may not receive a credit of less than 
five percent if they qualify for the high-wage assembly expenditures 
credit and may not receive a credit of greater than five percent if 
they identify more than one qualified assembly plant.
    Subsections 810.300(a)(1)-(3) explain the three types of assembly 
plants that may qualify a producer for the high-wage assembly 
expenditures credit. Qualified assembly plants may be engine, 
transmission, or advanced battery assembly plants, must be ``high-
wage,'' and must meet certain levels of minimum annual production 
capacities of originating parts. As detailed in Sec.  810.300(c), these 
minimum annual production capacity levels are set forth in Article 7 of 
the Automotive Appendix and in the Uniform Regulations. The required 
minimum annual production capacity levels are not included in this 
section because they are outside of the Department's authority and are 
instead within CBP's purview. Thus, producers should consult the 
Uniform Regulations and CBP guidance to ensure that relevant assembly 
plants meet the required minimum annual production capacity levels 
required for the producer to qualify for the high-wage assembly 
expenditures credit.
    Subsection 810.300(b) further explains that in order to be 
considered ``high-wage'' for purposes of the high-wage assembly 
expenditures credit, an assembly plant must have an average hourly base 
wage rate of at least US$16 per hour for the entire plant. This 
requirement is consistent with Article 7 of the Automotive Appendix, 
which requires an assembly plant to have an average production wage of 
at least US$16 per hour to qualify for the high-wage assembly 
expenditures credit. To ensure consistency across calculations for the 
LVC requirements, the average production wage for the high-wage 
assembly expenditures credit is determined by calculating the average 
hourly base wage rate in the same manner as for the high-wage material 
and manufacturing expenditures credit, as detailed in Sec.  810.105.
    Subsection 810.300(d) clarifies that the definition of ``long term 
contract'' for purposes of this section is set forth in the Uniform 
Regulations. See Uniform Regulations, Part IV, Sec. 18, ]] 12-14.
    Subsection 810.300(e) allows a producer to use an assembly plant 
that it relied on to satisfy the high-wage material and manufacturing 
expenditures component of the LVC requirement to also qualify for the 
high-wage assembly expenditures credit if that assembly plant meets the 
requirements of Sec.  810.300(a). The Department recognizes that an 
assembly plant used by a producer to meet the high-wage material and 
manufacturing expenditures component could also be a qualified plant 
for purposes of the high-wage assembly expenditures component. 
Therefore, this section permits producers to use the same plant for 
both high-wage components if all requirements are met.

Subpart E--Certification Provisions

Section 810.400 Scope and Purpose of This Subpart
    In order to receive preferential tariff treatment under the Act, a 
producer must certify that its production of covered vehicles meets the 
LVC requirements, including the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements that the Department administers. See 19 U.S.C. 
4532(c)(1)(A). The Secretary, in consultation with CBP, must ensure 
that the producer's certification submitted to CBP does not contain 
omissions or errors before the certification is considered properly 
filed. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(c)(1)(B)(i). Consistent with the Act, the 
Department's certification role is limited to reviewing the high-wage 
components of the LVC certification for omissions or errors. All other 
certification matters are outside of the Secretary's purview, and are 
addressed in the Uniform Regulations and regulations and/or guidance 
issued by CBP or other federal agencies.
Section 810.405 Certification
    Consistent with the requirements of the Act, and to aid the 
Department in fulfilling its statutory mandate, this section lists the 
information submitted by producers to CBP that WHD will review for 
omissions or errors. The certification information described in this 
section that WHD will review relates to the high-wage components of the 
LVC requirements that the Department administers.
    Under subsection 810.405(a)(1), WHD will review the certifying 
vehicle producer's name, corporate address, Federal Employer 
Identification Number or alternative unique identification number of 
the producer's choosing, such as a Business Number (BN) issued by the 
Canada Revenue Agency, Registro Federal de Contribuyentes (RFC) number 
issued by Mexico's Tax Administration (SAT), Legal Entity Identifier 
(LEI) number issued by the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation 
(GLEIF), or an identification number issued to the person or enterprise 
by CBP, and a point of contact. This information will provide context 
for the certification and help streamline the verification process.
    Under subsection 810.405(a)(2), WHD will review the vehicle class, 
model line, or other relevant category the motor vehicles covered by 
the certification. The producer need not provide a detailed description 
of the vehicles, but need only provide

[[Page 39792]]

sufficient information to enable WHD to distinguish other 
certifications filed by the same producer. This information will enable 
WHD to review certifications more efficiently by eliminating 
potentially duplicative submissions.
    Under subsection 810.405(a)(3), WHD will review the time period the 
producer is using for its LVC calculations. The time period options are 
taken from Article 7 of the Automotive Appendix, which permits 
calculating the LVC over any one of the following periods: (1) The 
previous fiscal year of the producer; (2) the previous calendar year; 
(3) the quarter or month to date in which the vehicle is produced or 
exported; (4) the producer's fiscal year to date in which the vehicle 
is produced or exported; or (5) the calendar year to date in which the 
vehicle is produced or exported. The period a producer selects will be 
the period its LVC certification is valid. See 19 U.S.C. 
4532(c)(1)(B)(ii). WHD must know the date range the producer used to 
perform its calculations in order to ensure that the high-wage 
components of the certification are properly filed for a given import, 
and to review the relevant records in the event of a verification.
    Under subsection 810.405(a)(4), WHD will review the name, address, 
and Federal Identification Number or alternative unique identification 
number of the producer's choosing, such as a Business Number (BN) 
issued by the Canada Revenue Agency, Registro Federal de Contribuyentes 
(RFC) number issued by Mexico's Tax Administration Service (SAT), Legal 
Entity Identifier (LEI) number issued by the Global Legal Entity 
Identifier Foundation (GLEIF), or an identification number used by CBP, 
for each plant or facility the producer of the covered vehicle is 
relying on to meet the high-wage material and manufacturing 
expenditures component of the LVC requirements. WHD will use this 
information to learn what plants and facilities the producer is relying 
on to meet the LVC requirements. In addition, this information will 
streamline the verification process if WHD needs to contact a plant or 
facility during a verification.
    Under subsection 810.405(a)(5), WHD will review the producer's 
affirmative statement that the average hourly base wage rate meets or 
exceeds US$16 per hour for each plant or facility identified in Sec.  
810.405(a)(4). Including this information in the certification form 
will assist WHD in identifying potential errors in the producer's 
determination that it may use a particular plant or facility to meet 
the high-wage components of the LVC requirements, and will streamline 
the verification process.
    If the producer is using high-wage transportation or related costs 
to meet the high-wage material and manufacturing expenditures 
component, under Sec.  810.405(a)(6) WHD will review the producer's 
affirmative statement that indicates such use, and review the company 
name and other identifying information for each company the producer 
used to calculate its high-wage transportation or related costs. This 
information will allow WHD to identify the transportation companies 
that the producer is using so that, in the event of a verification, WHD 
can confirm the companies' average hourly base wage rates.
    If the producer is using the high-wage technology expenditures 
credit to meet the LVC requirements, under Sec.  810.405(a)(7) WHD will 
review the producer's affirmative statement that indicates such use, 
and the percentage the producer is claiming as a credit towards the 
total LVC requirement. Documenting the percentage the producer is 
claiming as a high-wage technology expenditures credit as part of the 
certification will demonstrate that the producer has performed this 
calculation as required, ensure that producers recognize that a record 
of qualifying expenditures must be maintained in connection with this 
certification, and streamline the verification process.
    If the producer is using the high-wage assembly expenditures credit 
to meet the LVC requirements, under Sec.  810.405(a)(8) WHD will review 
the producer's affirmative statement that indicates such use, and the 
plant name and other identifying information for the assembly plant the 
producer used to qualify for the high-wage assembly expenditures 
credit. Under this subsection, WHD will also review the producer's 
affirmative statement that the average hourly base wage rate meets or 
exceeds US$16 per hour for the assembly plant identified in the 
certification. This information will assist WHD in identifying 
potential errors or omissions in the producer's certification and will 
streamline the verification process.
    Subsection 810.405(b) requires a producer of the covered vehicle to 
ensure that records are kept of information to support its compliance 
with the high-wage components of the LVC requirements, including the 
calculations submitted under Sec. Sec.  810.405(a)(5), (a)(7), and 
(a)(8)(ii). This subsection is consistent with the implementing 
statute. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(c)(1)(A)(ii). Such information will 
generally be in records that producers must ensure are kept under the 
recordkeeping requirements set forth at Sec.  810.600, and should not 
be submitted as part of the certification. This subsection further 
explains that producers are responsible for ensuring that records are 
provided to the Department upon request, as described in Sec.  
810.600(c), but that these records may be physically maintained by a 
supplier or contractor and that the Department will accept records 
directly from a supplier or contractor if, for example, the producer 
has contracted for such an arrangement. As discussed in more detail 
later in this preamble, the Department may request this supporting 
information when conducting a verification to determine whether a 
producer met the high-wage components of the LVC requirements.
    Subsection 810.405(c) explains that requirements in subsection 
810.405(a) apply to all producers of covered vehicles whether or not 
they are subject to the alternative staging regime. While the LVC 
percentage benchmarks change for producers subject to the alternative 
staging regime period, the high-wage components of the LVC requirements 
that the Department verifies do not change. Specifically, the US$16 per 
hour requirement (for high-wage material and manufacturing expenditures 
and assembly expenditures) and the wage calculation for high-wage 
technology expenditures are fixed. Accordingly, producers subject, and 
not subject, to the alternative staging regime will submit, and WHD 
will review, the same information described in Sec.  810.405. This 
uniform approach decreases regulatory complexity and will simplify and 
help expedite the Department's review of producer certifications.
Section 810.410 Administrator's Review for Omissions or Errors
    The Act requires the Secretary, in consultation with CBP, to ensure 
that each producer's certification does not contain omissions or errors 
before the certification is considered properly filed. See 19 U.S.C. 
4532(c)(1)(B)(i). The Administrator will review each certification for 
omissions or errors relating to the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements. An omission would include, for example, the producer 
failing to include with its certification any portion of the 
information listed in Sec.  810.405(a). An error would include, for 
example, a certification based on the wrong type of information (such 
as a time period not

[[Page 39793]]

listed in Sec.  810.405(a)(3)). If the Administrator determines that 
the high-wage components of the certification contain no omissions or 
errors, WHD will notify CBP that the high-wage components of the 
certification have been properly filed.
    USMCA Article 5.7 states that a USMCA Country ``shall not reject a 
certification of origin due to minor errors or discrepancies that do 
not create doubts concerning the correctness of the import 
documentation'' and provides importers ``not less than five working 
days to provide the customs administration [of the importing country] a 
corrected certification of origin.'' Consistent with this requirement 
and as described in Sec.  810.410(b), if the Administrator determines 
that the certification contains an omission or error, WHD will notify 
CBP, and CBP will require the producer to submit a modified 
certification, or otherwise contest the Administrator's determination 
that the certification contains an omission or error. If the producer 
submits a modified certification in response to this notice, the 
Administrator will review the modified certification for omissions or 
errors.
    If, upon review of the original or modified certification, the 
Administrator determines that it contains no omissions or errors, WHD 
will notify CBP that the high-wage components of the certification have 
been properly filed. If the producer does not successfully contest the 
notice of deficiency or submit a modified certification in response to 
the notice, or if the modified certification contains omissions or 
errors, WHD will notify CBP that the high-wage components of the 
certification have not been properly filed. The producer may appeal 
this decision pursuant to the regulation at Sec.  810.700. Regardless 
of the Administrator's determination of filing status, however, CBP 
retains complete authority over all decisions concerning whether to 
grant or deny preferential tariff treatment based on certification 
information reviewed by WHD.

Subpart F--Verification of the Labor Value Content's Wage Components

Section 810.500 Scope and Purpose of This Subpart
    This provision details the authority of the Secretary to 
participate in verifications of compliance with the USMCA's LVC 
requirements as well as the scope of the Secretary's role in those 
verifications. The Act gives the Secretary of the Treasury, in 
conjunction with the Secretary, authority to verify whether a covered 
vehicle complied with the LVC requirements set forth in the USMCA. See 
19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(1). The purpose of the regulations in this subpart is 
to define the Secretary's role in conducting these verifications and 
the process by which the Secretary will conduct these verifications. 
Specifically, the Secretary, through the Administrator, will verify 
compliance with the high-wage components of the LVC requirements. 
Verifications of other components of the LVC requirements are outside 
of the Secretary's purview and are described in the Uniform Regulations 
and regulations and guidance issued by CBP and/or the Department of the 
Treasury.
Section 810.505 Scope of Verification
    Subsection 810.505(a) permits the Administrator, or the 
Administrator's designee, to verify, through investigation, whether a 
producer complied with the high-wage components of any part of the LVC 
requirements. The regulation explains that the producer is responsible 
for all aspects of compliance with the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements at its plants and facilities as well as the plants and 
facilities of the suppliers and contractors listed in its 
certification. For example, notwithstanding any agreement between the 
producer and a supplier or contractor, as discussed in Sec.  
810.600(d), it is ultimately the responsibility of the producer to 
ensure that records are properly maintained and provided to the 
Department upon request. For the wage component of the high-wage 
material and manufacturing expenditures provision of the LVC 
requirements, the Administrator may verify whether the average hourly 
base wage rate in any plant or facility relied on by the producer in 
its certification meets the US$16 per hour requirement. If the 
producer's certification claims transportation or related costs for 
shipping as part of its high-wage material and manufacturing 
expenditures calculation, as detailed in Sec.  810.405(a)(6), the 
Administrator may verify whether any transportation, logistics, or 
material handling provider relied on by the producer in its 
certification meets the US$16 per hour requirement. Verifications of 
other components of the material and manufacturing expenditures 
provision of the LVC requirements are conducted by CBP. The 
Administrator may also verify that the producer properly claimed a 
credit for high-wage technology expenditures, as explained in Sec.  
810.200. For verifications of the high-wage assembly expenditures 
provision of the LVC requirements, the Administrator may also verify 
whether an engine, transmission, or advanced battery assembly facility 
that a producer relied on in its certification has an average hourly 
base wage rate of at least US$16 per hour. Verifications of any other 
component of the high-wage assembly expenditures credit are conducted 
by CBP.
    Subsection 810.505(b) provides the investigation methods the 
Administrator may use in the course of a verification. The Act grants 
the Secretary authority, which has been delegated to the Administrator, 
to examine, or cause to be examined, upon reasonable notice, any record 
(including any statement, declaration, document, or electronically 
generated or machine-readable data) described in the Administrator's 
notice with reasonable specificity. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(4)(A)(i). The 
Act states that the Secretary shall assist the Secretary of the 
Treasury to carry out these actions. 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(4)(A). The 
Department interprets this provision to mean that the Secretary of the 
Treasury, through CBP, has the primary role of conducting verifications 
of the LVC requirements, and that the Secretary will assist CBP by 
using these methods to verify whether the production of covered 
vehicles meets the high-wage components of the LVC requirements.
    The Administrator may examine these records in person as part of a 
verification visit, or may request the producer to provide them 
electronically or by mail. Article 5.9, paragraph 7 of the USMCA 
explains that for verifications, each USMCA Country must provide 
producers at least 30 days to respond to written requests for 
information and 30 days to respond to requests to open facilities for a 
verification visit. Accordingly, the Department interprets the term 
``reasonable notice'' as used in the Act to mean 30 days' notice. The 
Act grants the Secretary authority to request information from any 
officer, employee, or agent of a producer of automotive goods, as 
necessary, that may be relevant with respect to whether the production 
of covered vehicles meets the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(4)(A)(ii). As the statute gives the 
Secretary broad authority to request information that may be relevant, 
the Department interprets the term ``employee'' in this context to 
include any worker at a plant or facility relied on in the producer's 
certification, regardless of the worker's employment relationship with 
the producer. This encompasses, for example, workers

[[Page 39794]]

employed by a staffing agency. To help ensure receipt of accurate 
information, the information may be obtained under oath, at the 
discretion of the Administrator.
    Subsection 810.505(c) describes the specific content of the records 
the Administrator is authorized to request and examine. As the 
Administrator's role in verifications is to verify the high-wage 
components of the LVC requirements, the Administrator may request and 
examine records relating to wages, hours, job responsibilities, or any 
other information related to the producer's certification that it meets 
the high-wage components of the LVC requirements. The specific types of 
records that the Administrator may request are those that producers are 
required to maintain under this rule's recordkeeping requirements, see 
Sec.  810.600, and will often include worker time records, payroll 
records, and information that the producer is required (under 19 U.S.C. 
1508(b)(4)) to keep on record to support its certification 
calculations. The Administrator will review the provided records to 
verify that the high-wage components of the producer's LVC calculations 
are correct.
    Subsection 810.505(d) explains that the Administrator will conduct 
its verification consistent with the timelines in Article 5.9 of the 
USMCA. Article 5.9 details the requirements for verification of all the 
rules of origin, of which the LVC requirements make up just one. It 
provides timelines for requesting verification visits or information 
from producers, producers' responses to those requests, completion of 
the verification, and issuance of a written determination. Most of the 
timelines apply to actions within the purview of CBP, e.g., issuance of 
a written determination. However, the Administrator will conduct 
verifications consistent with these timelines to the extent they are 
applicable to the Administrator's verification. For example, paragraph 
10 of Article 5.9 pertains to requests from producers for postponement 
of a verification visit. Consistent with paragraph 10, the 
Administrator (acting through, and subject to approval by, CBP) will 
allow a producer, on a single occasion, within 15 days of receipt of a 
notification requesting a verification visit, to request the 
postponement of the proposed verification visit for a period not 
exceeding 30 days from the proposed date of the visit.
Section 810.510 Notice to a Producer That a Verification of Compliance 
With Labor Value Content Requirements Has Been Initiated
    This section provides that CBP will notify a producer that a 
verification of LVC compliance has been initiated, regardless of which 
component(s) of the LVC requirements are the subject of that 
verification. CBP makes determinations regarding grants or denials of 
preferential tariff treatment and thus is responsible for notifying 
producers if a verification of LVC compliance that may implicate such 
preferential tariff treatment has been initiated.
    CBP is responsible for notifying a producer that a verification of 
LVC compliance has been initiated, both for verifications that CBP 
initiates, and for verifications the Administrator has initiated with 
CBP. The Administrator's role in initiating verifications with CBP is 
limited to verifications concerning all aspects of the high-wage 
components of a producer's LVC certification and supporting records and 
calculations. CBP may initiate and conduct verifications of the 
components of a producer's LVC certification and may ask the 
Administrator to conduct a verification of the high-wage components. 
Regardless of how the verification is initiated, CBP will provide 
notice to the producer.
Section 810.515 Conduct of Verifications
    This section explains how the Administrator will conduct 
verification visits, where appropriate. Article 5.9 of the USMCA 
authorizes an importing USMCA Country to use a variety of techniques to 
conduct verifications, including verification visits to the premises of 
the producer of the good in order to request documents and other 
information, and observe the production process and the related 
facilities. As the Administrator is authorized to conduct 
verifications, the Administrator may conduct verification visits. 
During these visits, the Administrator may request and inspect 
documents, interview workers or others on the premises, inspect the 
facility, and gather any other information as the Administrator deems 
necessary to the verification. As the Administrator can verify 
compliance only with a portion of the LVC requirements, the 
Administrator will coordinate with CBP and other federal agencies in 
the course of conducting any verifications, as appropriate. The 
Administrator also retains discretion to involve other federal 
agencies, as well as agencies within the Department such as the Bureau 
of International Labor Affairs, in its verifications, as appropriate.
Section 810.520 Confidentiality
    This section provides that the Administrator will protect the 
confidentiality of any person who provides information to the 
Department in confidence in the course of a verification under this 
subpart to the full extent possible under existing law. This includes, 
for example, invoking the government informant's privilege where 
appropriate. The intent of this section is to provide assurances of 
confidentiality, to the extent possible, to any person who provides 
information to the Department, in the hope that such assurances 
encourage those with information relevant to the Department's 
investigations or verifications to provide information to, or speak 
openly with, the Department. Retaliation against any person who 
provides such information is prohibited under the Act's whistleblower 
provisions, as implemented in Sec.  810.800.
Section 810.525 Notice Provided to CBP Regarding the Administrator's 
Findings
    This section provides that upon completion of a verification, the 
Administrator will provide CBP with the verification findings and a 
written analysis explaining the basis for those findings. Article 5.9, 
paragraph 14, of the USMCA requires the importing USMCA Country to 
provide the producer subject to a verification with a written 
determination of whether the goods at issue qualify for preferential 
tariff treatment, including the findings of facts and legal basis for 
that determination. As discussed supra, CBP makes all determinations 
regarding grants or denials of preferential tariff treatment. 
Accordingly, CBP will provide this written determination to the 
producer at the conclusion of a verification. If, however, the 
Administrator participated in a verification because it involved the 
verification of one or more of the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements, the Administrator will provide CBP with the verification 
findings and an analysis explaining the basis of those findings so that 
CBP can include relevant information in the written determination 
ultimately provided to the producer.

[[Page 39795]]

Section 810.530 Verification of Labor Value Content Compliance for 
Producers Subject to Alternative Staging Regime
    Verification procedures outlined in this subpart apply to producers 
as soon as the USMCA enters into force, whether or not the producers 
are subject to the alternative staging regime. The Act provides that 
the Administrator may conduct verifications of compliance with the LVC 
requirements, regardless of whether the producer is subject to the 
alternative stage regime. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(d)-(e). The 
Administrator's role in administering the LVC requirements does not 
change if a producer is subject to the alternative staging regime. 
Accordingly, verifications conducted by the Administrator are conducted 
in the same manner when a producer is subject to the alternative 
staging regime.

Subpart G--Recordkeeping Requirements

Section 810.600 Recordkeeping Requirements
    Article 5.8 of the USMCA requires USMCA Countries to require 
importers, exporters, and producers to maintain records necessary to 
demonstrate the validity of certifications of origin. These records 
include those relating to the production of goods, including covered 
vehicles. Article 5.9 of the USMCA authorizes USMCA Countries to 
request such documentation during the verification process. The Act 
requires importers who claim preferential tariff treatment under the 
USMCA for goods imported into the United States from a USMCA Country, 
and vehicle producers whose goods are the subject of a claim for 
preferential tariff treatment under the USMCA, to make, keep, and, 
pursuant to rules and regulations promulgated by the Secretary, render 
for examination and inspection records and supporting documents related 
to the labor value content requirements. See 19 U.S.C. 1508(b)(4). The 
Act further grants the Secretary authority during the course of a 
verification to request any records relating to wages, hours, job 
responsibilities, or any other information in any plant or facility 
relied on by a producer of covered vehicles to demonstrate that the 
production of those vehicles meets the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(4)(B). Pursuant to these 
authorities, this section of the rule details the recordkeeping 
obligations of importers, exporters, and producers of covered vehicles 
necessary to demonstrate compliance with the high-wage components of 
the LVC requirements.
    Subsection 810.600(b) provides that although electronic records are 
generally preferred, as such records are easily generated, maintained, 
and made available for inspection, the records described in this 
section may be made and maintained in any form or format. However, 
pursuant to Article 5.8, paragraph 3 of the USMCA, the records must be 
in a form or format that allows the records to be promptly retrieved 
and printed or copied.
    Consistent with the verification procedures set forth in Article 
5.9 of the USMCA and 19 U.S.C. 4532(e), Sec.  810.600(c) provides that 
the records described in this section must be made available to an 
authorized representative of the Department for inspection, copying, 
and transcription upon written request to the producer. The request 
will describe the records that are being sought, and the party 
receiving the request will have 30 days from the date of the written 
request to provide the requested records to the Department in an 
accessible format, unless the party has requested and obtained an 
extension of that time.
    Consistent with Article 5.8 of the USMCA, Sec.  810.600(d) provides 
that importers must ensure that the records described in Sec.  810.600 
are maintained for 5 years from the date of importation of any vehicle 
for which preferential tariff treatment was claimed, and exporters and 
producers must ensure that the records described in Sec.  810.600 are 
maintained for 5 years from the date on which the certification of 
origin was completed. To the extent the producer relies in its 
certification on plants or facilities it does not operate, the plant or 
facility may maintain its records relevant to the producer's 
certification, provided the producer can ensure such records to support 
its certification are properly maintained and provided to the 
Department upon request within the 30-day timeframe provided for in 
Sec.  810.600(c). The same obligation applies where a plant or 
facility, whether operated by the producer or another entity, uses 
contract workers, such as workers employed through a staffing agency, 
or where the producer counts high-wage transportation or related costs 
for shipping toward its LVC obligations. Thus, in such instances, the 
producer must either have or be able to produce (or have the contractor 
produce) upon request within the 30-day timeframe provided for in Sec.  
810.600(c) the records described in this section for such workers, if 
such records are relevant to the producer's certification. The 
Department will accept records directly from a supplier or contractor 
where, for example, the producer and supplier or contractor have 
contracted for such an approach.
    Subsection 810.600(e) details the specific records that must be 
preserved and maintained to demonstrate compliance with the high-wage 
material and manufacturing expenditures component and eligibility for 
the high-wage assembly expenditures credit. These records are necessary 
for the Department to verify that wages for all hours worked in direct 
production have been appropriately included in the computation of the 
average hourly base wage rate, and to ensure that benefits, bonuses, 
premium payments, incentive pay, overtime premiums, or other similar 
payments have been properly excluded from that calculation. Moreover, 
to enable the Department to verify that a producer's average hourly 
base wage rate calculation is correct, the records described in this 
section must cover the entirety of the time period used by the producer 
to calculate the average hourly base wage rate for each plant or 
facility relied upon to meet the LVC requirements.
    Subsection 810.600(e) provides that producers must maintain certain 
records for all workers who worked at any plant or facility relied upon 
by the producer to meet the high-wage material and manufacturing 
expenditures component or to qualify for the high-wage assembly 
expenditures credit and who are subject to the FLSA recordkeeping 
requirements under 29 CFR 516.2. If such workers are employed outside 
the United States, but if employed in the United States would be 
subject to the recordkeeping requirements under 29 CFR 516.2, the 
producer must also maintain the records detailed in this subsection for 
such workers. Since, due to recordkeeping obligations under the FLSA, 
plants and facilities in the United States generally already maintain 
records for most workers who work in direct production, the 
requirements in Sec.  810.600(e) should impose little to no additional 
recordkeeping burden for those plants and facilities.
    Producers must also maintain the records required under subsection 
810.600(e) for workers in any USMCA Country who have performed direct 
production work during the relevant time period but who are exempt from 
the recordkeeping requirements of 29 CFR 516.2, if the producer relied 
on those workers in its computation of the average hourly base wage 
rate. Such workers include, for example, workers who are exempt from 
the FLSA's minimum wage and overtime requirements under 29 CFR part 541

[[Page 39796]]

and those workers who would be exempt if employed in the United States 
(i.e., where the FLSA applies).
    The specific records producers are required to maintain for the 
workers discussed above are outlined in Sec. Sec.  810.600(e)(1)-(6). 
Subsection 810.600(e)(1) explains that these records must contain, for 
each worker, the full name (or identifying symbol or number if one is 
used in place of the worker's name on any time, work, or payroll 
records), job title, home address, and other available contact 
information. These records are needed for the Department to determine 
which workers should be interviewed during a verification to obtain 
information about hours worked in direct production, job duties, and 
pay. This information also enables the Department to locate for 
interviews workers who are no longer working at the plant or facility 
in question.
    Subsection 810.600(e)(2) provides that producers must keep records 
of the total number of daily and weekly hours worked by each worker. 
Such records are necessary to help the Department determine whether all 
hours worked in direct production were correctly included in the 
computation of the hourly base wage rate by, for example, comparing 
workers' hours worked in direct production with their total hours 
worked in the same time period. This subsection also explains that if a 
worker has a fixed schedule, working the same shifts and the same 
number of hours each week, the producer may instead maintain a record 
of the worker's scheduled hours. However, if this recordkeeping method 
is used, there must be verification by some method each week that the 
worker did in fact work the scheduled hours, and, in the occasional 
workweeks when the worker does not work the scheduled hours, a record 
of the actual hours worked each day and in total for those workweeks.
    Subsection 810.600(e)(3) requires producers to keep certain 
earnings records. These earnings records include payroll records 
showing the date wages were paid and the time period covered by such 
wage payments, each worker's hourly rate of pay and basis of pay (e.g., 
hourly, salary, piece rate, day rate, etc.), total daily or weekly 
straight-time earnings, total premium pay for any overtime hours 
worked, total pay for the pay period, and any deductions taken from 
each worker's pay. To the extent that a worker's rate of pay or 
straight-time earnings include benefits, bonuses, premium payments, 
incentive pay, or other similar payments excluded from the hourly base 
wage rate, as defined in Sec.  810.105(b)(1), the producer must keep 
records that clearly identify those payments and state the amount of 
such payments. This information is necessary for the Department to 
verify that each worker's hourly base wage rate was correctly 
calculated when computing the average hourly base wage rate for the 
relevant time period. For example, identifying the hourly rate and the 
basis of pay allows the Department to confirm that the hourly base wage 
rate has been correctly computed for workers who are paid on a salary, 
piece-rate, day-rate, or other basis. Identification of premiums, 
benefit payments, and other similar payments, such as incentive pay or 
bonuses, is necessary to ensure that such payments were not incorrectly 
included in the hourly base wage rate, while deductions must also be 
examined to ensure that the deductions were properly factored into the 
hourly base wage rate. WHD will apply the principles outlined in 29 CFR 
part 531 to determine whether a deduction may be included in the hourly 
base wage rate. For example, amounts deducted for board and lodging 
generally will be included in a worker's hourly base wage rate, while 
amounts deducted for tools and equipment will not.
    Subsection 810.600(e)(4) provides that producers must keep records 
of any collective bargaining agreements, written agreements or 
memoranda, individual contracts, plans, trusts, employment contracts, 
or written memorandum summarizing oral agreements or understandings 
applicable to any workers who work in direct production. Such 
agreements help verify the average hourly base rate by showing the pay 
rates that have been agreed upon for such workers, as well as 
disclosing additional agreed-upon payments or benefits, so that the 
Department can confirm that such payments or benefits were not included 
in the computation of the average hourly base wage rate.
    To ensure that the average hourly base wage rate has been 
calculated correctly for the high-wage material and manufacturing 
expenditures and the high-wage assembly expenditures components, Sec.  
810.600(e)(5) requires a record to be maintained of all hours worked in 
direct production, as defined at Sec.  810.105(b)(2), by workers at any 
plant or facility used to meet the high-wage component of the LVC 
requirements during the relevant time period. This record must include 
each worker's name, type of direct production work performed, hours 
worked by each worker that constitute direct production work, the 
hourly base wage rate paid to each worker for the direct production 
hours worked, and the total wages paid to workers for those direct 
production hours worked. These records must distinguish hours worked in 
direct production from other hours worked, to the extent that workers 
perform both direct production work and work not in direct production 
during the relevant time period. However, if at least 85 percent of a 
worker's total work hours are hours worked in direct production, a 
record may be kept of total work hours during the time period used for 
certification purposes. In that case, the recordkeeping system must 
also record hours worked in direct production and hours spent not 
performing direct production work in weeks when both types of work are 
performed, must record the hours at the time the work is performed, and 
must ensure the hours worked in direct production are clearly 
ascertainable so that WHD can verify, if necessary, that the 85 percent 
threshold was in fact reached for such workers.
    If a producer uses high-wage transportation or related costs for 
shipping a high-wage part or component in calculating the high-wage 
material and manufacturing costs, Sec.  810.600(e)(6) requires 
maintenance of records demonstrating that the transportation, 
logistics, or material handling provider paid production workers 
performing the transportation of the part or component, such as drivers 
and loaders, an average hourly base wage rate of at least US$16. Such 
records might include, for example, the contracts with the 
transportation or shipping provider, collective bargaining agreements 
entered into by the transportation or shipping company, and other 
indications of the wages paid to these workers. This information is 
necessary to enable the Department to verify the accuracy of the 
producer's LVC calculations in those instances where transportation or 
related costs have been used to calculate the high-wage material and 
manufacturing expenditures.
    Subsection 810.600(f) requires any producer claiming a credit for 
high-wage technology expenditures to maintain records demonstrating the 
wages paid by the producer for research and development or information 
technology work in North America, as well as the wages paid by the 
producer for production work in North America. The credit for high-wage 
technology expenditures is obtained through a comparison of 
expenditures on wages for research and development and information 
technology work in North America to expenditures on wages for 
production work in North America. Producers claiming this credit must 
therefore maintain a record of all wages

[[Page 39797]]

paid to workers who perform research and development and information 
technology work in North America, including the workers' names and the 
type of research and development or information technology work 
performed by each worker. Producers also must maintain a record of the 
total wages paid to workers who perform direct production work in North 
America, including the workers' names and the type of production work 
performed by each worker. Maintenance of records demonstrating this 
information is necessary for the Department to verify that the credit 
was calculated correctly.
    The records listed in Sec.  810.600(e) are not necessarily an 
exhaustive list of the records producers must keep. As explained in 
Sec.  810.600(g), if a producer relied on any additional records not 
listed in Sec. Sec.  810.600(e) or (f) to support its calculations 
demonstrating that it meets the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements, then the producer must also maintain those additional 
records. This requirement is consistent with 19 U.S.C. 
4532(c)(1)(a)(ii), which requires producers to have information on 
record to support the LVC calculations submitted in its certification.
    Subsection 810.600(h) provides that nothing in Sec.  810.600 shall 
excuse any producer with facilities in the United States from complying 
with any recordkeeping or reporting requirement imposed by any other 
federal, state, or local law, ordinance, regulation, or rule. This 
includes, but is not limited to, recordkeeping requirements under the 
FLSA, the Family and Medical Leave Act, and state wage and hour laws, 
as well as any recordkeeping requirements concerning other components 
of the LVC requirements as set forth in regulations issued by CBP or 
any other federal agency.

Subpart H--Administrative Review of the Department's Analysis and 
Findings

Section 810.700 Administrative Review Procedures
    This section describes the procedures the Department will use to 
engage in an administrative review of its initial verification analysis 
conducted under subpart F. As set forth in 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(6), a 
protest filed with CBP under 19 U.S.C. 1514 (the Tariff Act of 1930) 
may relate to a producer's eligibility for preferential tariff 
treatment of a covered vehicle. If such a protest involves the 
Department's analysis relating to the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements, the Secretary must conduct an administrative review of 
the decision and provide the results of that review to CBP. See 19 
U.S.C. 4532(e)(6)(A)(i)-(ii). The procedures outlined in this section 
describe how the Department will implement these requirements. In 
addition, and to promote simplicity and uniformity, the Department will 
follow these procedures when responding to a producer's appeal of a 
written notification under Sec.  810.410(b) that the high-wage 
components of the producer's certification were not properly filed due 
to an omission or error.
    Under Sec.  810.700(a), consistent with 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(6)(A)(i), 
upon being notified by CBP that a protest has been filed under 19 
U.S.C. 1514 that relates to the Department's analysis of the high-wage 
components of the LVC requirements, the Department will conduct an 
administrative review of its initial analysis.
    Subsection 810.700(b) provides that this administrative review will 
be conducted either by the Administrator or by an official designated 
to be the presiding official by the Administrator. During the 
proceedings described below, the presiding official will possess the 
full authority of the Administrator. The presiding official must be of 
higher rank than the official who issued the initial verification 
analysis under review. This tiered approach ensures a robust 
administrative review process, and is consistent with WHD's process for 
reviewing its investigative findings under several other existing 
statutory enforcement regimes. Under subsection 810.700(c), the 
presiding official has the discretion to refer disputed questions of 
fact to the Chief Administrative Law Judge for a recommended decision. 
The Chief Judge must then designate an Administrative Law Judge to hear 
the disputed questions under the Department's rules of practice and 
procedure at 29 CFR part 18. The Administrative Law Judge must issue a 
recommended decision within 120 days of when the Administrator referred 
the questions of fact to the Chief Administrative Law Judge, or longer 
with consent of the parties. Ultimately, the Administrative Law Judge 
will issue a recommended decision to the presiding official on the 
referred question(s), which the presiding official has the discretion 
to accept or reject in whole or in part. Relatedly, under Sec.  
810.700(d), the presiding official has discretion to consider any 
evidence he or she deems relevant to rendering a determination and may 
request additional information from the protestor or additional 
verification from WHD.
    Subsections 810.700(c) and (d) are intended to provide the 
Administrator with the flexibility and additional resources needed for 
ruling on the difficult factual questions that administrative reviews 
may present. This approach is similar to a process the Department may 
use when enforcing section 14(c) of the FLSA (which concerns payment of 
subminimum wages to workers with disabilities), and will help ensure 
that issues raised by producers are fully and properly considered. This 
thorough review will also promote efficiency by increasing the 
likelihood of satisfactorily resolving a protest at the administrative 
level, thereby decreasing the need for review before the Court of 
International Trade. The presiding official retains sole discretion to 
determine whether to refer factual questions to an administrative law 
judge, request additional verification by WHD, or to take both or 
neither of these steps. Factors that may influence the presiding 
official's decision may include, for example, the complexity of the 
factual issues presented or whether the protest raises issues or 
factual questions that did not arise during the initial verification.
    Under subsection 810.700(e), the Administrator will strive to issue 
a decision within one year from the date the Administrator receives 
notice of the protest from CBP, not including any time during which 
additional verification or collection of information is taking place. 
While there is no adverse consequence to the Department for failing to 
meet this goal, see, e.g., Hitachi Home Electronics (America), Inc. v. 
U.S., 661 F.3d 1343 (Fed. Cir. 2011) (holding that Tariff Act did not 
provide a consequence for agency's failure to meet statutory deadline 
for government action), this timeframe comports with CBP's regulations, 
which state that CBP will review and act on a protest filed in 
accordance with 19 U.S.C. 1514 within two years from the date the 
protest was filed. See 19 CFR 174.21(a).
    Under Sec.  810.700(f), and consistent with 19 U.S.C. 
4532(e)(6)(A)(ii), the Administrator will provide a copy of the 
Administrator's decision to CBP before the end of that time period.

Subpart I--Whistleblower Protections

Section 810.800 Prohibited Acts
    Subpart I outlines anti-retaliation provisions provided for 
whistleblowers pursuant to 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(5), which explicitly 
protects any person from retaliation for providing information relating 
to, or otherwise cooperating or seeking to cooperate with, a 
verification

[[Page 39798]]

of the LVC requirements, including a verification under subpart F. The 
Act provides that it is unlawful to ``intimidate, threaten, restrain, 
coerce, blacklist, discharge, or in any other manner discriminate 
against any person'' for such cooperation. 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(5)(A). 
These protections are applicable to any person who engages in the 
protected activities, regardless of the person's employment status. 
Such protections are integral to effective verification of producers' 
compliance with the high-wage components of the LVC requirements, as 
verification of the average hourly base wage rate is dependent upon 
receiving accurate information from workers and others that they may 
not be willing to provide in the absence of such protections.
    The Act authorizes the Secretary to ``take such actions under 
existing law, including imposing appropriate penalties and seeking 
appropriate injunctive relief, as may be necessary to ensure compliance 
with this subsection and as provided for in existing regulations.'' 19 
U.S.C. 4532(e)(5)(B). Accordingly, the enforcement processes described 
in this section, including the filing of complaints, investigations, 
issuance of determinations, and the administrative review process, are 
modeled upon the Department's existing whistleblower and anti-
retaliation protections, primarily the Department's regulations 
relating to the temporary employment in the United States of 
nonimmigrants under H-1B visas. The H-1B regulations provide an 
appropriate model of ``existing law'' to follow, in part because the 
statutory language relating to whistleblower protections under the H-1B 
program, as set forth in section 212(n)(2)(C)(iv) of the Immigration 
and Nationality Act, is very similar to the whistleblower protection 
language in the USMCA Implementation Act. See 8 U.S.C. 
1182(n)(2)(C)(iv). Moreover, as the H-1B program whistleblower 
protections essentially codified Department whistleblower regulations 
at the time, the H-1B statute and regulations are particularly 
appropriate to use as a basis to ensure that the regulations for 
enforcement of the USMCA whistleblower protections are consistent with 
existing whistleblower regulations. See 144 Cong. Rec. S12752 (Oct. 21, 
1998).
    Subsection 810.800(b) of this subpart establishes the procedure for 
filing complaints and is modeled after the H-1B program's complaint 
process as set forth in 20 CFR 655.806. A complaint must be filed 
within 12 months after the alleged discriminatory act occurs, with the 
date of filing being the date of the postmark, facsimile transmittal, 
phone call, email communication, or, where a complaint is made in 
person, the date upon which the complaint is received. No particular 
form or method of complaint is required, so long as the complaint 
provides sufficient facts for the Administrator to determine whether 
there is reasonable cause to believe that a violation has occurred and 
an investigation is warranted. Where the Administrator determines that 
an investigation is warranted, the complaint shall be accepted for 
filing and an investigation shall be conducted. After the 
investigation, a written determination will be issued within 30 
calendar days of the date on which the complaint was filed, unless both 
the complainant and the subject of the investigation agree that 
additional time is warranted, or if, for reasons outside of the control 
of the Administrator, the Administrator needs additional time to obtain 
information from either party or other sources to determine whether a 
violation has occurred. Such reasons may include, for example, delays 
in receiving requested information from either the complainant or the 
subject of the investigation, difficulty scheduling interviews in the 
course of the investigation, or impediments in obtaining other 
information necessary to the investigation.
    Subsection 810.800(c) explains the contents of a determination by 
the Administrator at the conclusion of an investigation. This 
subsection provides that the Administrator's determination, which is 
served on all interested parties and a copy of which is provided to the 
Chief Administrative Law Judge, will describe the Administrator's 
findings and the reason(s) for the Administrator's determination. Where 
the Administrator has determined that a violation has occurred, the 
determination will prescribe any appropriate remedies, including 
monetary relief, injunctive relief, civil money penalties of up to 
$50,000 per violation, and/or any other remedies assessed. Such 
remedies may include equitable relief, such as employment, 
reinstatement, promotion, compensation for any monetary loss incurred 
by the complainant as the result of the violation, or any other relief 
necessary to make the complainant whole. These remedies are consistent 
with the statutory language authorizing the Department to impose 
appropriate penalties and seek appropriate injunctive relief as may be 
necessary to ensure compliance with the whistleblower provisions, see 
19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(5)(B), and are also consistent with existing 
whistleblower statutes and regulations. See, e.g., 20 CFR 655.810. For 
example, the regulation provides that the Administrator has the 
authority to impose civil money penalties of up to $50,000 per 
violation of this section. This interpretation of ``penalties'' as used 
in the statute is consistent with the Department's interpretation of 
``penalties'' as used in other statutes the Department enforces. See, 
e.g., 8 U.S.C. 1188(g)(2); 29 CFR 501.19. Additionally, the maximum 
penalty amount is appropriate to ensure compliance with these 
prohibitions on retaliation given the size of the firms that will be 
certifying under the USMCA and the centrality of these whistleblower 
provisions to the verification of the LVC provisions. The 
Administrator's determination will also inform the interested parties 
of their right to request a hearing, and that if a hearing is not 
requested within 15 days of the date of the determination, that 
determination becomes final.
    Subsection 810.800(d) explains the procedures for administrative 
review of the Administrator's determination, which are consistent with 
standard Department administrative review procedures. Any party 
desiring review of a determination of the Administrator may request an 
administrative hearing by writing to the Chief Administrative Law 
Judge, who must receive the request no later than 15 calendar days from 
the date of the determination for it to be considered timely. Once a 
request for a hearing is timely filed, the Administrator's 
determination is inoperative unless and until the case is dismissed or 
an administrative law judge issues an order affirming the determination 
of the Administrator. All hearings shall be conducted in accordance 
with the standard procedures for administrative law judge hearings in 
29 CFR part 18. The administrative law judge will issue a decision 
within 60 days after the date of the hearing, and if any party desires 
review of the decision, the party must file a timely petition for 
review with the Administrative Review Board.
    Subsection 810.800(e) details the process by which a party may 
appeal a decision of the administrative law judge, and is consistent 
with standard Department procedure for appeals to the Administrative 
Review Board. A party may appeal a decision of the administrative law 
judge by filing a petition for review with the Administrative Review 
Board within 30 days of the date of the administrative law judge's 
decision. If a petition for review is filed with the Administrative 
Review Board, the decision of the administrative law judge becomes

[[Page 39799]]

inoperative unless and until the Administrative Review Board issues an 
order affirming the administrative law judge's decision, or unless and 
until 30 calendar days have passed after the Administrative Review 
Board received the petition for review and the Administrative Review 
Board has not notified the parties that it will review the 
administrative law judge's decision.
    Subsection 810.800(f) provides that an order of the Administrative 
Review Board is subject to discretionary review by the Secretary of 
Labor. See Secretary of Labor's Order 01-2020 (Feb. 21, 2020), 85 FR 
13186 (Mar. 6, 2020); see also Discretionary Review by the Secretary 
Direct Final Rule, 85 FR 13024-01 (Mar. 6, 2020). Secretary's Order 01-
2020, inter alia, delegates to the Administrative Review Board 
authority and assigns responsibility to act for the Secretary of Labor 
in review or on appeal of ``any laws or regulations. . .enacted or 
promulgated [after the date of the Order] that provide for final 
decisions by the Secretary of Labor upon appeal,'' which encompasses 
these regulations. The Order further provides for Secretarial review of 
Administrative Review Board decisions regarding any of the covered laws 
or regulations. As the Order applies to decisions of the Administrative 
Review Board regarding these regulations, the procedures outlined in 
the Order apply to Secretarial review of Administrative Review Board 
decisions under this subpart, including the processes for referral of 
cases to the Secretary for review, review of cases by the Secretary, 
and the finality of Secretarial review.

IV. Paperwork Reduction Act

    The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (``PRA''), 44 U.S.C. 3501 et 
seq., and its attendant regulations, 5 CFR part 1320, require the 
Department to consider the agency's need for its information 
collections, their practical utility, as well as the impact of 
paperwork and other information collection burdens imposed on the 
public, and how to minimize those burdens. The Department is seeking 
emergency approval related to the collection of information described 
herein. Persons are not required to respond to the information 
collection requirements until OMB approves them under the PRA. This IFR 
creates a new information collection specific to recordkeeping 
requirements necessary to verify compliance with the high-wage 
components of the LVC requirements under the USMCA and the Act. The 
Department has created a new information collection request and 
submitted the request to OMB for approval under OMB control number 
1235-0NEW (``High-wage components of Labor Value Content requirements 
under the USMCA'') for this action.
    Summary: The Act implements the USMCA. Section 202A of the Act, 
codified at 19 U.S.C. 4532, in part implements Article 7 of the 
Automotive Appendix of the USMCA. The USMCA establishes LVC 
requirements for passenger vehicles, light trucks, and heavy trucks, 
pursuant to which an importer can only obtain preferential tariff 
treatment for a covered vehicle if the covered vehicle meets certain 
high-wage component requirements. The Act requires importers who claim 
preferential tariff treatment under the USMCA for goods imported into 
the United States from a USMCA Country, and vehicle producers whose 
goods are the subject of a claim for preferential tariff treatment 
under the USMCA, to make, keep, and, pursuant to rules and regulations 
promulgated by the Secretary, render for examination and inspection 
records and supporting documents related to the LVC requirements. See 
19 U.S.C. 1508(b)(4). The Act further grants the Secretary authority 
during the course of a verification to request any records relating to 
wages, hours, job responsibilities, or any other information in any 
plant or facility relied on by a producer of covered vehicles to 
demonstrate that the production of those vehicles meets the high-wage 
components of the LVC requirements. See 19 U.S.C. 4532(e)(4)(B).
    Purpose and Use: This information collection requires certain data 
to be maintained and/or produced upon request. WHD staff will use the 
records provided by the producer upon request to verify producer 
compliance with the high-wage components of the LVC requirements, as 
set forth in the USMCA and the Act.
    Technology: The regulations prescribe no particular order or form 
of records, and a producer may preserve records in forms of their 
choosing, provided that the producer can produce the specified records 
upon request and the producer's facilities are available for inspection 
and transcription of the records.
    Minimizing Small Entity Burden: Although the recordkeeping 
requirements may involve small businesses, the Department minimizes 
respondent burden by requiring no specific order or form of records in 
responding to this information collection.
    Public Comments: The Department is requesting emergency processing 
of this collection. As part of its continuing effort to reduce 
paperwork and respondent burden, the Department conducts a preclearance 
consultation program to provide the general public and federal agencies 
with an opportunity to comment on proposed and continuing collections 
of information in accordance with the PRA. This program helps to ensure 
that the requested data can be provided in the desired format, 
reporting burden (time and money) is minimized, collection instruments 
are clearly understood, and the impact of collection requirements on 
respondents can be properly assessed. The Department seeks public 
comments regarding the burdens imposed by this IFR. Commenters may send 
their views about this information collection to the Department in the 
same manner as all other comments (e.g., through the regulations.gov 
website). Anyone who submits a comment (including duplicate comments) 
should understand and expect that the comment will become a matter of 
public record and will be posted without change to http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided. Any 
comments received specific to the information collection during the IFR 
comment period will be combined and submitted to OMB with comments 
received during the subsequent public notice and comment period that 
the Department will provide (in a notice in the Federal Register) to 
invite comments on the information collection requirements established 
through this IFR.
    The Department has submitted the new information collection under 
1235-0NEW. Interested parties may receive a copy of the full supporting 
statement by sending a written request to the mailing address shown in 
the ADDRESSES section at the beginning of this preamble. In addition to 
having an opportunity to file comments with the Department, comments 
about the paperwork implications may also be addressed to OMB. Comments 
to OMB should be directed to: Office of Information and Regulatory 
Affairs, Attention OMB Desk Officer for the Wage and Hour Division, 
Office of Management and Budget, Room 10235, 725 17th Street NW, 
Washington, DC 20503; by Fax: 202-395-5806 (this is not a toll-free 
number); or by email: [email protected]. OMB will consider 
all written comments that the agency receives. Commenters are 
encouraged, but not required, to send the Department a courtesy copy of 
any comments sent to OMB. The courtesy

[[Page 39800]]

copy may be sent in the same manner as other comments directed to the 
Department.
    The Department is particularly interested in comments that do the 
following:
     Evaluate whether the proposed collection of information is 
necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the agency, 
including whether the information will have practical utility;
     Comment on ways to enhance the quality, utility, and 
clarity of the information to be collected;
     Evaluate the accuracy of the agency's estimate of the 
burden of the proposed collection of information, including the 
validity of the methodology and assumptions used;
     Comment on ways to minimize the burden of the collection 
of information on those who are to respond, including through the use 
of appropriate automated, electronic, mechanical, or other 
technological collection techniques or other forms of information 
technology, e.g., permitting electronic submissions of responses.
    Total annual burden estimates, which reflect the new responses for 
the recordkeeping information collection, are summarized as follows:
    Type of Review: Approval of a new collection.
    Agency: Wage and Hour Division, Department of Labor.
    Title: High-Wage Components of the Labor Value Content Requirements 
under the USMCA.
    OMB Control Number: 1235-0NEW.
    Affected Public: Private Sector: businesses or other for-profits, 
farms, and not-for-profit institutions.
    Estimated Number of Respondents: 9,455.
    Estimated Number of Responses: 5,796,460.
    Estimated Burden Hours: 205,911 hours.
    Estimated Time per Response: Various.
    Frequency: Various.

V. Analysis Conducted in Accordance With Executive Order 12866, 
Regulatory Planning and Review, Executive Order 13563, Improved 
Regulation and Regulatory Review

A. Introduction to Executive Orders

    Under Executive Order 12866, OIRA determines whether a regulatory 
action is significant and, therefore, subject to the requirements of 
the Executive Order and OMB review.\8\ Section 3(f) of Executive Order 
12866 defines a ``significant regulatory action'' as an action that is 
likely to result in a rule that may (1) have an annual effect on the 
economy of $100 million or more, or adversely affect in a material way 
the economy, a sector of the economy, productivity, competition, jobs, 
the environment, public health or safety, or state, local, or tribal 
governments or communities; (2) create serious inconsistency or 
otherwise interfere with an action taken or planned by another agency; 
(3) materially alter the budgetary impacts of entitlement grants, user 
fees, or loan programs, or the rights and obligations of recipients 
thereof; or (4) raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal 
mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in 
the Executive Order. The Department has conducted a Regulatory Impact 
Analysis (RIA) to demonstrate this IFR's potential effects. The 
Department includes this analysis notwithstanding that this rule falls 
under 5 U.S.C. 553(a)(1).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \8\ 58 FR 51735 (Oct. 4, 1993).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Executive Order 13563 directs agencies to propose or adopt a 
regulation only upon a reasoned determination that its benefits justify 
its costs; that it is tailored to impose the least burden on society, 
consistent with achieving the regulatory objectives; and that, in 
choosing among alternative regulatory approaches, the agency has 
selected the approaches that maximize net benefits. Executive Order 
13563 recognizes that some benefits are difficult to quantify and 
provides that, when appropriate and permitted by law, agencies may 
consider and discuss qualitatively values that are difficult or 
impossible to quantify, including equity, human dignity, fairness, and 
distributive impacts.

B. Overview of Analysis

    This RIA discusses the costs, benefits, and transfers associated 
with the IFR. The baseline for this analysis is current production, 
prices, and trade under NAFTA. These impacts are limited to producers 
that import covered vehicles into the United States and parts 
manufacturers in America supplying parts to Canadian and Mexican 
producers for use in vehicles imported to the United States. They do 
not include, for example, the costs for U.S. vehicle exporters to 
comply with Mexican and Canadian USMCA regulations, which are outside 
the scope of this IFR. Where possible, the impacts are limited to the 
LVC requirement and exclude other changes from NAFTA to the USMCA.
    The Department quantified two direct costs to businesses: (1) 
Regulatory familiarization costs and (2) recordkeeping costs. 
Annualizing over 10 years these costs are estimated to be $6.1 million 
per year at both a 3 percent and 7 percent discount rate. Producer 
adjustment costs, consumer costs, and Departmental costs are discussed 
qualitatively.
    The Department estimated there are 6,140 establishments in the 
United States potentially impacted by this rulemaking. There may be 
transfers from employers to employees in some of these establishments 
if companies increase employee pay to meet the LVC requirements.\9\ The 
Department does not have the data necessary to estimate the magnitude 
of these transfers; however, the Department expects these to be small 
because the majority of U.S. workers presently performing direct 
production work in the affected industries already earn more than the 
required average of US$16 per hour. Another potential impact of the 
rule is shifting jobs from Mexico to the United States (and Canada), 
and a corresponding increase in the wages associated with those jobs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \9\ The Department uses the terms ``employee'' and ``worker'' 
interchangeably in this section.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Department also discusses benefits and other intended effects 
qualitatively due to data limitations. These effects include new 
capital investments, increased U.S. automotive parts purchases, and 
increased employment.
    The costs and benefits draw on the existing literature. These 
papers are referenced throughout this analysis and are summarized in 
Table 1.

[[Page 39801]]



         Table 1--Summary of Reports on the Effects of the USMCA
------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Report                    Method             Main findings
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Burfisher et al.............  --Used a global,      --Estimated
                               multisector,          aggregate effects
                               computable-general-   of USMCA were
                               equilibrium model     relatively small.
                               to provide an        --Reduction in trade
                               analytic assessment   among the three
                               of five key           North American
                               provisions of the     partners but a
                               USMCA.                combined net
                              --Examined the         welfare gain.
                               effect of the        --Reductions in
                               removal of U.S.       trade costs and
                               tariffs on steel      border
                               and aluminum          inefficiencies.
                               imports from Canada  --Decline in
                               and Mexico.           automotive
                                                     production in U.S.,
                                                     Canada, and Mexico.
                                                    --Aggregate wages
                                                     are unaffected in
                                                     Canada and the U.S.
Center for Automotive         --Projected impacts   --In all scenarios,
 Research (CAR).               on the U.S. new       estimated increases
                               vehicle market and    in new vehicle
                               broader economy       prices and
                               based on ten          decreases in new
                               scenarios of policy   light-duty vehicle
                               combinations in       sales, U.S. GDP,
                               Section 232           and vehicle
                               tariffs, USMCA, and   dealership
                               Section 301 tariffs.  employment.
                              --Data on current     --Majority of the
                               vehicle models        economic harm is
                               produced and sold     due to Section 232
                               in North America      tariffs.
                               not meeting USMCA    --USMCA leads to a
                               ROO requirements.     slight average
                                                     increase in the
                                                     U.S. consumer
                                                     prices of vehicles
                                                     assembled in Canada
                                                     or Mexico
Office of the U.S. Trade      --Short-term          --Estimated that
 Representative (USTR).        quantitative impact   over five years:
                               of the USMCA's       --$34 billion in new
                               automotive ROO.       automotive
                              --Data compiled from   investments.
                               vehicle producers'   --$23 billion in new
                               compliance plans      annual auto parts
                               and public            purchases.
                               announcements from   --76,000 new
                               automobile            automotive jobs.
                               companies.
Reinsch et al...............  --Examined the North  --May result in
                               American automobile   higher vehicle
                               industry and rules    prices or fewer
                               of origin to make     vehicle options.
                               broad conclusions    --Costs due to
                               about the impact on   USMCA's ROO are
                               global supply         miniscule compared
                               chains.               to those from
                                                     proposed Section
                                                     232 tariffs.
                                                    --Increase
                                                     production in U.S.
                                                     parts suppliers and
                                                     automobile
                                                     industries.
                                                    --Increase
                                                     investment in the
                                                     North American
                                                     automotive supply
                                                     chain.
U.S. International Trade      --Assessment of the   --Increase in GDP of
 Commission (USITC).           likely impact of      $68.2 billion.
                               the USMCA on the     --Increase of
                               U.S. economy and      176,000 jobs.
                               specific industry    --Increases in U.S.
                               sectors.              exports to Canada
                                                     and Mexico of $19.1
                                                     and $14.2 billion,
                                                     respectively.
                                                    --Manufacturing
                                                     industries
                                                     experience the
                                                     largest percentage
                                                     gains in output,
                                                     exports, wages, and
                                                     employment.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

C. Industry Profile

    The Department estimated that in the United States there are 4,999 
firms and 6,140 establishments potentially affected by this rulemaking 
(Table 2).\10\ However, some of these firms and establishments will be 
only indirectly affected. Firm and establishment data are from the U.S. 
Census Bureau's 2017 Statistics of U.S. Businesses (SUSB).\11\ The 
Department believes that most affected companies will be in the North 
American Industry Classification System (NAICS) industries motor 
vehicle manufacturing (NAICS 3361), motor vehicle body manufacturing 
(NAICS 336211), motor vehicle parts manufacturing (NAICS 3363), and 
tire manufacturing (except retreading) (NAICS 326211). In this 
analysis, we refer to NAICS 336211, 3363, and 326211 collectively as 
``parts manufacturing.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \10\ An establishment is commonly understood as a single 
economic unit, such as a farm, a mine, a factory, or a store, that 
produces goods or services. Establishments are typically at one 
physical location and engaged in one, or predominantly one, type of 
economic activity for which a single industrial classification may 
be applied. An establishment contrasts with a firm, or a company, 
which is a business and may consist of one or more establishments. 
See BLS, ``Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages: Concepts,'' 
https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/cew/concepts.htm.
    \11\ The 2017 data are the most recently available. See U.S. 
Census Bureau, Statistics of U.S. Businesses (SUSB). https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/susb.html.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Among motor vehicle manufacturing firms, predominately affected 
companies are those with final assembly operations in Mexico or Canada, 
and that import covered vehicles (i.e., a passenger vehicle, light 
truck, or heavy truck) into the United States. In 2016, there were 17.5 
million new vehicles sold in the United States. Of these, 9.8 million 
were made in the United States and almost 2 million were made in 
Mexico.\12\ Importers include Fiat Chrysler, Ford, General Motors, 
Honda, Nissan, Toyota, Volkswagen, and more.\13\ The motor vehicle 
manufacturing NAICS also includes companies that are engaged in the 
vehicle manufacturing process but do not produce and sell covered 
vehicles, who may not be materially affected by this rulemaking. 
Because the Department is unable to determine exactly which companies 
may not be affected, all companies in this industry have been included 
in this analysis.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \12\ The Journal Times. 2018. 10 popular cars that were made in 
Mexico. https://journaltimes.com/news/national/10-popular-cars-that-were-made-in-mexico/collection_4e1650e4-ae47-505e-b4ce-d2191781a990.html#2. Note that this data may include vehicles that 
were produced or assembled in Mexico, and thus these figures may not 
reflect only final assembly operations.
    \13\ Car and Driver. 2019. Every New Car That May Jump in Price 
from U.S. Tariffs on Mexican Imports. https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a27702580/car-prices-us-tariffs-mexican-imports/.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Among U.S. parts manufacturers, those predominately affected are 
companies who export parts to Mexico or Canada for use in vehicles 
imported

[[Page 39802]]

into the United States. The Department does not have information on how 
many of the 4,723 parts manufacturers in the United States do so. 
However, exports of parts to Mexico and Canada are widespread. 
Additionally, even parts manufacturers who do not export to Mexico or 
Canada may be indirectly impacted if parts production increases in the 
United States, where wages are generally higher, to meet the LVC 
requirements (see section V.F.). Some motor vehicle parts manufacturers 
may not be producing parts for covered vehicles (e.g., parts for 
vehicle repairs), but the Department does not have data on the number 
of these firms.
    Other industries also may be affected but are not included in this 
profile. First, some entities in the transportation industry (NAICS 48) 
may also be affected due to the provision allowing producers to claim 
high-wage transportation or related costs in their calculation of high-
wage material and manufacturing expenditures. Second, some entities 
that produce automotive advanced batteries in the storage battery 
manufacturing industry (NAICS 335911) may be affected due to the high-
wage assembly expenditures credit. This NAICS includes 11 components, 
one of which is automobile storage battery manufacturing. In 2017, this 
detailed industry included only 123 firms and 164 establishments.\14\ 
Third, some entities in the research and development (R&D) or 
information technology (IT) industries may be impacted by the high-wage 
technology expenditure credit if the work is contracted out.\15\ 
Because the number of these entities in these industries is expected to 
be a small percentage of all firms in these industries, the Department 
has not included these entities in the industry profile.\16\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \14\ SUSB 2017.
    \15\ If the R&D or IT work is performed by the automotive 
producer, these entities are already captured in the industry 
profile. Only outsourced R&D and IT would result in additional 
entities being impacted.
    \16\ Additionally, to receive the high-wage assembly 
expenditures credit a producer needs to demonstrate only that a 
battery, transmission, or engine assembly plant meets the high-wage 
requirement. Because all transmission and engine plants are included 
in this industry profile, any associated costs at battery plants may 
just offset costs already attributed to engine or transmission 
plants.
    \17\ Bureau of Transportation Statistics. 2020. Table 1-23: 
World Motor Vehicle Production, Selected Countries (Thousands of 
vehicles). https://www.bts.gov/content/world-motor-vehicle-production-selected-countries.

                                          Table 2--Impacted Industries
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                      Annual
                                                                   Employees [a]  Annual payroll     receipts
           Industry                  Firms       Establishments                      (billions       (billions
                                                                                      $2019)          $2019)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total.........................           4,999             6,140         886,061           $54.0          $650.8
    3361: Motor vehicle manuf.             276               328         208,364            16.8           348.0
        336111: Automobile                 162               175          82,780             7.2           119.0
         manuf................
        336112: Light truck &               49                66          99,097             7.9           201.6
         utility vehicle......
        336120: Heavy duty                  74                87          26,487             1.8            27.4
         truck manuf..........
    Parts and manufacturing...           4,723             5,812         677,697            37.2           302.8
        336211: Motor vehicle              632               733          47,964             2.5            15.1
         body manuf...........
        336300: Motor vehicle            4,010             4,965         584,224            31.9           269.5
         parts manuf..........
        326211: Tire manuf.                 81               114          45,509             2.8            18.2
         (except retreading)..
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: SUSB 2017.
[a] Employees on payroll in the pay period including March 12. Includes employees on paid sick leave, holidays,
  and vacations.

    The volume of trade in vehicles and parts between the United 
States, Mexico, and Canada is substantial. According to the 
International Trade Administration, the United States exported $29.5 
billion in new automobiles and trucks to Canada and $3.3 billion to 
Mexico in 2019 (56 percent of total U.S. vehicle exports) (Figure 1). 
The United States also exported $62.1 billion in parts to these two 
countries (73 percent of all U.S. automotive parts exports). The United 
States imported $191.0 billion in new vehicles and parts from Canada 
and Mexico in 2019. Combined, the United States, Canada, and Mexico 
produced 18 percent of passenger cars and commercial vehicles globally 
in 2018.\17\
BILLING CODE 4510-27-P

[[Page 39803]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR01JY20.011

BILLING CODE 4510-27-C

D. Costs

    The Department quantified two direct costs to businesses: (1) 
Regulatory familiarization costs and (2) recordkeeping costs. 
Annualizing over 10 years, these costs are estimated to be $6.1 million 
per year at both a 3 percent and 7 percent discount rate (Table 3). 
Other potential costs are discussed qualitatively. These include 
additional costs to manufacturers (setup costs and pay adjustment 
costs), consumer costs (increase in vehicle prices due to costs more 
immediately borne by foreign manufacturers, decrease in vehicle 
options), and Departmental costs (setup and enforcement costs to DOL).

                                       Table 3--Overview of Costs ($2019)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                         Costs ($1,000s)
                                               -----------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Regulatory
                                                    familiarization           Recordkeeping            Total
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                Individual Years
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year 1........................................                   $481.9                 $6,060.4          $6,542
Subsequent years..............................                        0                  6,060.4           6,060
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                            10-Year Annualized Costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3% real discount rate.........................                     56.5                  6,060.4           6,117
7% real discount rate.........................                      8.6                  6,060.4           6,129
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In addition to calculating aggregate costs, the Department also 
considers how the IFR would impact individual firms. The following 
numbers use Year 1 costs because costs will be largest in that year. 
For motor vehicle manufacturers, where 276 firms incur aggregate first 
year costs of $367,000, each firm would incur an average cost of 
$1,300. For parts manufacturers, where 4,723 firms incur aggregate 
first year costs of $6.2 million, the average cost per firm would be 
$1,308. If parts suppliers' costs for recordkeeping are fully passed on 
to motor vehicle manufacturers, and all costs are thus ultimately borne 
by motor vehicle manufacturers, and all manufacturers import affected 
vehicles into the United States, then the aggregate costs of $6.5 
million are incurred by 276 firms, for an average of $23,700 per firm.
    Considered in relation to receipts, costs per firm are negligible, 
amounting to less than 0.002 percent of receipts when costs are passed 
along to vehicle manufacturing firms. Total costs per vehicle imported 
into the United States from Mexico or Canada are $1.42 per vehicle 
($6.5 million divided by 4.6 million vehicles).\18\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \18\ Imports of New Passenger Vehicles, Light Trucks, Medium 
Trucks, and Heavy Duty Trucks in 2019. Source: International Trade 
Administration. 2020. Motor Vehicle Trade Data. https://legacy.trade.gov/td/otm/autostats.asp.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 39804]]

i. Regulatory Familiarization Costs
    Regulatory familiarization costs represent direct costs to 
businesses for time spent reviewing the new regulation. To estimate the 
total regulatory familiarization costs, the Department used (1) the 
number of firms in the affected industries; (2) the number of estimated 
hours that each firm will spend reviewing the rule; and (3) the wage 
rate for the staff reviewing the rule. The Department applied different 
time estimates based on the type of manufacturing.
    First, to estimate the number of firms in the affected industries, 
the Department used the 2017 SUSB to estimate that there are 276 firms 
in the motor vehicle manufacturing industry and 4,723 in the parts 
manufacturing industries. As discussed in section V.C., the Department 
believes that (1) most of the affected firms will be in these 
industries and (2) some of these firms may be only marginally affected 
if the vehicles, or parts manufactured for use in these vehicles, are 
not imported from Mexico or Canada. However, the Department includes 
all firms in these industries in calculating regulatory familiarization 
costs. The Department believes regulatory familiarization costs will 
occur at the firm level rather than the establishment level because 
importing decisions and processes happen at a centralized level.
    Second, to estimate the number of hours each firm will spend 
reviewing the rule, the Department used two estimates that vary by 
industry. For firms in the motor vehicle manufacturing industry, the 
Department assumes that it will take, on average, 2.5 hours for each 
firm to review the rule. For parts manufacturers, the Department 
estimates that it will require, on average, 1.5 hours per firm. The 
first category of firms import vehicles and must perform the LVC 
calculations and apply for certification, thus necessitating more time 
to understand the rule's requirements. The parts manufacturers, on the 
other hand, will need only to become familiar enough with the rule to 
understand the type of wage data required to be kept.
    Third, the Department assumes that a business operations specialist 
(SOC 13-1000) (or a staff member in a similar position) will review the 
rule.\19\ According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics' (BLS) 
Occupational Employment Statistics (OES), these workers in the 
transportation equipment manufacturing industry (NAICS 336) had a 
median wage of $38.03 per hour in 2019. Assuming benefits are paid at a 
rate of 46 percent \20\ of the base wage, and overhead costs are 17 
percent \21\ of the base wage, the reviewer's loaded hourly rate is 
$61.99.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \19\ Occupational Employment Statistics (OES). 2019. 13-1000 
Business Operations Specialists. https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_stru.htm#13-0000.
    \20\ Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 2020. Employer Costs for 
Employee Compensation--December 2019. https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/ecec.pdf.
    \21\ Rice, C. 2002. Wage Rates for Economic Analysis of the 
Toxics Release Inventory Program. https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=EPA-HQ-OPPT-2003-0006-0067.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    To derive the aggregate regulatory familiarization costs, the 
number of affected firms is multiplied by the number of hours per firm 
and the wage rate. In Year 1, regulatory familiarization costs are 
estimated to be $481,900 ([276 x 2.5 x $61.99] + ([4,723 x 1.5 x 
$61.99]). Regulatory familiarization costs in future years are assumed 
to be de minimis. This amounts to a 10-year annualized cost of $56,500 
at a discount rate of 3 percent or $68,600 at a 7 percent rate.
ii. Recordkeeping Costs
    In order to qualify for preferential tariff treatment, producers 
must demonstrate that they meet the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements. This may require companies to keep additional records, 
request records from parts producers, perform the high-wage 
calculations, submit certification information, and respond to any DOL 
or CBP inquiries. Recordkeeping costs are quantified here, and comments 
are requested regarding the extent to which certification costs (e.g., 
time spent filling out and submitting certifications forms) are 
attributable to this rule or to forthcoming CBP regulations (because 
CBP is the agency receiving producer certifications). One-time costs to 
adjust payroll or implement new recordkeeping systems are discussed 
qualitatively in section V.D.iii.
    In its estimate of recordkeeping costs, the Department has included 
all establishments in affected industries in the calculation, even 
though some establishments may not be engaged in imports from Mexico or 
Canada. The Department also believes that once the systems are in place 
and establishments have been trained on the necessary requirements, the 
ongoing recordkeeping costs will be minimal. Although establishments 
will need to track employees' hours worked in direct production and the 
hours worked not in direct production, the Department does not believe 
that this additional burden will be substantial. Many firms use 
sophisticated payroll software to track workers' wages and hours, and 
many manufacturing employees likely already clock in and out for their 
hours worked. Therefore, compiling these values for the LVC computation 
should be relatively straightforward. The Department estimates that 
additional recordkeeping will require 1 hour of recordkeeping per 
establishment every two weeks (assuming a pay period is two weeks), for 
a total of 26 hours per year. The same time estimate is used for both 
motor vehicle manufacturers and parts manufacturers.\22\ Small parts 
manufacturers may not have similarly advanced payroll software, and 
thus recordkeeping may be more onerous, but these small establishments 
also have fewer employees' data to track. Thus, the Department has 
chosen to use the same time estimate for all establishments.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \22\ Most assembly plants used in the high-wage assembly 
expenditure credit are included in the affected entities counts and 
costs, but R&D and IT firms are not included. However, these 
additional companies would be affected only if the automobile 
producers contract out for R&D or IT services.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Department believes a payroll and timekeeping clerk (SOC 43-
3051), or similar worker, would be responsible for this work.\23\ 
Payroll and timekeeping clerks in the transportation equipment 
manufacturing industry earn a loaded hourly wage rate of $37.96 ($23.29 
x 1.46 x 1.17). Multiplying the number of affected establishments (328 
motor vehicle manufacturers plus 5,812 parts manufacturers) by the 
number of hours per establishment per year (26) by the loaded hourly 
wage rate ($37.96) yields a total annual recordkeeping cost of $6.1 
million ($0.3 million for motor vehicle manufacturers and $5.7 million 
for parts manufacturers).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \23\ OES. 2019. 43-3051 Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks. https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes433051.htm.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

iii. Producer Adjustment Costs
    Firms may incur three types of one-time adjustment costs: Those to 
implement new systems; those to adjust employee pay; and those to 
adjust their supply chain. These costs may differ between vehicle 
manufacturers and parts manufacturers. They will also differ between 
firms meeting the LVC requirements and those that do not. The 
Department has not quantified these costs due to lack of data. For 
example, the Department does not have data showing how many firms will 
incur few adjustment costs because they already meet the LVC 
requirements. For those not meeting the LVC requirements, the

[[Page 39805]]

Department does not have data showing whether (and how) firms will 
adjust pay, contract with new suppliers, or forego the preferential 
tariff treatment. The Department requests comments on the time and 
expense required for these adjustments.
    In general, the Department believes the average annualized 
adjustment cost per firm will be small. The Department believes most 
producers in the United States either already meet the LVC requirements 
or would be able to with minor adjustments. Additionally, these are 
predominately one-time costs. However, for firms not meeting the LVC 
requirements, these costs may be more substantial.
    Producers generally use advanced payroll and inventory software and 
already track production workers' hours and wages. Therefore, setting 
up systems to compile internal wage and hour data is expected to be 
straightforward. However, producers also may need to coordinate with 
and request wage data from parts suppliers, assembly plants used to 
obtain the high-wage assembly expenditures credit, and entities used to 
obtain the high-wage technology expenditures credit. According to the 
United States International Trade Commission (USITC), a ``single 
vehicle manufacturer can have hundreds of suppliers providing thousands 
of parts for a single vehicle.'' \24\ Even a small amount of time spent 
per supplier could result in a sizable amount of time when 
aggregated.\25\ However, vehicle producers only need to request data 
from enough suppliers to meet the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements. If these requirements can be met using wages paid by 
companies owned by the vehicle producer, no records from outside parts 
manufacturers would be necessary.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \24\ United States International Trade Commission (USITC). 2019. 
U.S.-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement: Likely Impact on the U.S. 
Economy and on Specific Industry Sectors. https://www.usitc.gov/publications/332/pub4889.pdf.
    \25\ For a somewhat analogous example, please see https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=FAR-2014-0025-0933.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Parts manufacturers, which tend to be smaller, may not have as 
advanced payroll software and thus may require more adjustments to 
their systems to track wages and hours. According to USITC, ``[m]any 
parts manufacturers do not have the compliance staff necessary to 
demonstrate to manufacturers that they meet RVC [regional value 
content] or LVC requirements and will need to hire staff and develop 
new compliance processes.'' However, as USITC noted, industry and 
government are working to minimize these costs by standardizing the 
certification process.\26\ Additionally, the smallest companies, which 
would be the least likely to have systems in place, would also likely 
have small contributions to meeting the LVC requirements, and thus 
their data may not be necessary.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \26\ Id.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Pay adjustment costs would occur if a firm either increases base 
pay or adjusts pay components (e.g., a shift from benefits to base pay) 
to meet the LVC requirements. This would include time to assess whether 
increasing pay is preferable to paying the higher tariff rates, 
determine which employees' pay rates to adjust, and enact these 
changes. The Department believes that pay adjustment costs would be 
small because U.S. vehicle manufacturing firms are generally able to 
meet the LVC requirements without adjusting pay at their U.S. plants 
(see section V.E.).
    If vehicle producers do not meet the LVC requirements, they may 
begin purchasing parts from higher-wage suppliers.\27\ These supply 
chain adjustments involve multiple costs. Producers would have to 
identify which suppliers to change, negotiate new contracts, and 
validate the new parts. The Department believes that supply-chain 
adjustments would predominately occur for high-cost parts, which would 
have a larger impact on the LVC calculation. Alternatively, producers 
may move R&D or IT services to North America to qualify for the high-
wage technology credit. Additional information on impacts to the supply 
chain are provided in Reinsch et al., (2019).\28\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \27\ Even if prices at these higher-wage parts facilities are 
higher, this may still be a cost-minimizing solution if using such 
suppliers qualifies the producer for preferential tariff treatment.
    \28\ Reinsch, W. et al., 2019. The Impact of Rules of Origin on 
Supply Chains: USMCA's Auto Rules as a Case Study. CSIS Scholl Chair 
of International Business. https://www.csis.org/analysis/impact-rules-origin-supply-chains-usmcas-auto-rules-case-study.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

iv. Increase in Vehicle Prices
    Vehicle prices for U.S. consumers may increase as a result of the 
high-wage components of the LVC requirements. The Department has 
identified five channels through which prices may increase. Which 
increases, if any, actually occur will depend on the manufacturers' 
cost-minimizing responses.
    1. U.S. manufacturers increase pay to meet the high-wage component 
(although this impact would be experienced as a cost by consumers, it 
is categorized as a transfer under Circular A-4; as explained in 
section V.E., on rule-induced transfers, the Department believes this 
will be uncommon).
    2. Mexican manufacturers increase pay to meet the high-wage 
component.
    3. Production is shifted from the lower-wage Mexican market to the 
higher-wage U.S. or Canadian markets, due to a reduction in Mexico's 
competitive advantage (see section V.F.).
    4. R&D or IT is moved from lower-wage labor markets overseas to 
North America (resulting in cost increases) to qualify for the high-
wage technology expenditures credits.
    5. Higher tariffs on Mexican or Canadian imports to the United 
States result in higher prices for U.S. consumers (although the amounts 
collected as tariffs would be experienced as costs by consumers, under 
Circular A-4, they would be categorized as a transfer to the federal 
government; accompanying deadweight loss is a cost, with consumer 
welfare reductions discussed below).\29\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \29\ The most-favored-nation (MFN) tariff rates would apply. 
These are 2.5 percent for passenger vehicles and 25 percent for 
cargo vehicles, including light-duty pickup trucks and vans.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Researchers have generally predicted small impacts of the USMCA on 
vehicle prices. The aggregate effect is small because many vehicle 
models meet the LVC requirements (and will have few new costs) or do 
not qualify under the current NAFTA requirements (and will likely not 
be impacted by these changes). The literature has generally not 
disaggregated the impact of the high-wage components of the LVC 
requirements from other parts of USMCA's vehicle rules of origin (ROO) 
requirements. The following studies discuss the potential impact on 
consumer prices:

[[Page 39806]]

     The Office of the United States Trade Representative 
(USTR) wrote that ``automakers and parts manufacturers have indicated 
to USTR that the USMCA's rules will not [. . .] significantly affect 
consumer vehicle prices.'' \30\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \30\ Office of the United State Trade Representative (USTR). 
2019. Estimated Impact of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement 
(USMCA) on the U.S. Automotive Sector. https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/files/Press/Releases/USTR%20USMCA%20Autos%20White%20Paper.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     The Center for Automotive Research (CAR) expects the 
change in price for U.S. vehicle imports to be ``relatively small.'' 
\31\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \31\ Center for Automotive Research (CAR). 2019. U.S. Consumer & 
Economic Impacts of U.S. Automotive Trade Policies. https://www.cargroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/US-Consumer-Economic-Impacts-of-US-Automotive-Trade-Policies-.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     The USITC estimated ``prices for all vehicles would 
undergo a modest increase (ranging from 0.37 percent for pickup trucks 
to 1.61 percent for small cars).'' \32\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \32\ USITC. 2019. U.S.-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement: Likely 
Impact on the U.S. Economy and on Specific Industry Sectors. https://www.usitc.gov/publications/332/pub4889.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     Burfisher et al. (2019) contend that the new automotive 
rules of origin would lead to higher vehicle prices.\33\ They estimated 
that the LVC requirements would result in a welfare loss to Americans 
of $380 million. This loss is attributed to the increased prices of the 
vehicles and parts imported from Canada and Mexico.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \33\ Burfisher, M. et al., 2019. NAFTA to USMCA: What is Gained? 
International Monetary Fund Working Paper. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2019/03/26/NAFTA-to-USMCA-What-is-Gained-46680.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    CAR considered specifically the impact that tariffs would have on 
prices paid by U.S. consumers. They estimated 24 vehicle models 
produced in Canada and Mexico that meet the current NAFTA requirements 
would not meet the new USMCA ROO requirements (considering both the LVC 
and the RVC requirements). The average potential tariff for these 24 
vehicle models is estimated to be $635.\34\ CAR notes that these 24 
vehicles fail multiple criteria of the USMCA ROO. Thus, producers are 
unlikely to make the necessary changes to obtain the preferential 
tariff. Because these tariff costs are on a small subset of models, the 
average impact on vehicle prices will be small. Additionally, these 
tariffs may result in a shift in consumption towards U.S.-manufactured 
models or models meeting the USMCA requirements.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \34\ CAR. 2019. U.S. Consumer & Economic Impacts of U.S. 
Automotive Trade Policies. https://www.cargroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/US-Consumer-Economic-Impacts-of-US-Automotive-Trade-Policies-.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

v. Decrease in Consumer Choice
    As explained above, CAR has identified 24 vehicle models produced 
in Canada and Mexico that meet the current NAFTA requirements but would 
not meet the new USMCA ROO requirements. Because these vehicles fail 
multiple criteria of the USMCA ROO, the sale of these vehicles in the 
United States may cease or significantly decrease. This is demonstrated 
by the fact that manufacturers have already announced plans to end 
North American production or U.S. sales of half of these models. This 
possibility has also been confirmed by an industry representative 
interview conducted by USITC.\35\ To the extent that these discontinued 
model lines would be the first preference of some consumers, this 
decrease in consumer choice may result in a decrease in consumer 
welfare. Additionally, producers may reduce the number of options in 
order to streamline the production process and offset USMCA compliance 
costs.\36\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \35\ USITC. 2019. U.S.-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement: Likely 
Impact on the U.S. Economy and on Specific Industry Sectors. https://www.usitc.gov/publications/332/pub4889.pdf.
    \36\ Reinsch, W. et al., 2019. The Impact of Rules of Origin on 
Supply Chains: USMCA's Auto Rules as a Case Study. CSIS Scholl Chair 
of International Business. https://www.csis.org/analysis/impact-rules-origin-supply-chains-usmcas-auto-rules-case-study.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

vi. Decrease in Vehicle Sales and Impact on Gross Domestic Product 
(GDP)
    If vehicle prices increase, this may result in fewer new vehicle 
sales and smaller domestic production. According to USITC, the price 
increase resulting from the USMCA requirements would lead to an 
estimated 140,200 fewer cars sold, representing about 1.25 percent of 
vehicles sold in the United States in 2017.\37\ Similarly, it estimates 
that U.S. passenger vehicle production would decline by 1.31 percent 
and pickup truck production by 0.07 percent. This may result in a 
decrease in consumer welfare and a negative impact on GDP. However, the 
Department believes the increase in domestic parts production may 
offset any, and will offset some, negative impact on GDP (see section 
V.F.).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \37\ USITC. 2019. U.S.-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement: Likely 
Impact on the U.S. Economy and on Specific Industry Sectors. https://www.usitc.gov/publications/332/pub4889.pdf. (Using a partial 
equilibrium model with a price elasticity of -1. Using a less price-
elastic value of -0.4, the projected decrease in new vehicle sales 
would be 66,200, see Table G.1.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    If vehicle sales decrease, there may be secondary impacts on 
vehicle dealerships. However, some of the decrease in new vehicle sales 
may be offset by an increase in used car sales. And, as noted above, 
the potential reduction is fairly small as a share of total sales.
vii. Competitiveness of U.S. Produced Vehicles and Exports
    If Mexican or Canadian exporters do not meet the high-wage 
components of the LVC requirements, then they (or their suppliers) must 
either increase employee compensation or pay the higher non-
preferential tariff rates. This would likely increase the cost of these 
vehicles, and make domestically produced vehicles more competitive. The 
USMCA's impact on U.S. vehicle exports is outside the scope of this 
rule because those costs will be incurred largely due to the 
corresponding Mexican or Canadian regulations. As discussed in section 
V.F., estimates differ regarding the net effect on U.S. exports of 
vehicle parts.
viii. Department of Labor Costs
    Under this IFR, the Department would evaluate certifications 
submitted by vehicle producers for omissions or errors, participate in 
the verification of whether production meets the high-wage components 
of the LVC requirements, conduct administrative reviews of these 
verifications if necessary, and review whistleblower complaints. The 
Department would incur both one-time setup costs and recurring costs. 
It is unclear how much time would be spent on these tasks or how 
frequently they will be performed. For example, the Department does not 
yet know how many certifications it will review, or verifications it 
will conduct, each year. Accordingly, these costs have not been 
estimated.

E. Potential Transfers

    Earnings transfers from automobile and automobile parts 
manufacturing companies to U.S. employees may occur if wages are raised 
to meet the high-wage components of the LVC requirements in order to 
qualify for preferential tariff treatment. The Department has not 
quantified this potential transfer because (1) it is expected to be 
small and (2) there are data limitations, such as a lack of wage rates 
by firm or the labor share of value in production of parts or assembly 
of cars.
    The Department provides some numbers here to demonstrate why 
transfers in the United States are expected to be small. The Department 
used the 2019 Current Population Survey (CPS) Outgoing Rotation Group

[[Page 39807]]

data to estimate current earnings of employees working in production 
occupations in the automobile manufacturing industry. The CPS is a 
monthly survey of about 60,000 households that is jointly sponsored by 
the U.S. Census Bureau and BLS. The CPS Outgoing Rotation Group is a 
subset of the CPS sample with more detailed information.
    The Department estimated the average hourly rates earned by 
production workers in the motor vehicle manufacturing industry.\38\ 
About 89 percent of these workers are paid hourly. For hourly workers, 
their reported regular hourly wage rate, excluding tips, overtime, and 
commissions was used.\39\ For non-hourly workers, the Department 
calculated an hourly wage rate using usual weekly earnings and usual 
hours worked per week.\40\ If a non-hourly worker usually worked 
overtime (more than 40 hours per week), a regular hourly rate was 
calculated based on an assumption of the worker receiving 1.5 times 
their regular hourly rate for overtime hours worked.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \38\ Occupation is identified with the variable ``peio1ocd'' and 
codes 7710 to 8965. Industry is identified with the variable 
``peio1icd'' and code 3570 (motor vehicles and motor vehicle 
equipment manufacturing). Census industry code 3570 equates to NAICS 
codes 3361, 3362, and 3363.
    \39\ The CPS variable is ``prernhly.''
    \40\ The CPS variables are ``prernwa'' and ``pehrusl1.'' The 
Department excluded two observations of non-hourly workers who 
responded to the usual hours question that their ``hours vary.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Based on the CPS data, the Department estimated that the national 
average hourly rate was $18.81 and about 36 percent of these production 
workers earned less than $16 per hour.\41\ Additionally, to better 
approximate the hourly rates of workers by plant, the Department 
estimated the average hourly wage of workers by state. Among states 
with at least 5 observations, the average hourly wage was less than $16 
in only 4 of the 26 states. However, the average hourly wage rate was 
at least $15.70 in these four states, so any increases in wages to meet 
the $16 average rate will likely be minimal. Additionally, any 
potential transfers would likely decrease over time as wages grow.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \41\ The Department excluded four observations from this 
analysis with hourly rates less than the applicable minimum wage.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    These findings are consistent with other studies evaluating the 
impact of the USMCA's automotive ROO requirements. USTR indicated that 
automobile manufacturers would have at most minor changes to meet the 
USMCA rules as ``all automakers with a presence in North America have 
indicated to USTR that they will be able to meet the requirements of 
the new rules--and that they intend to do so (rather than forego 
preferential tariff treatment)--if they are able to benefit from the 
reasonable transition periods available in the agreement to make 
changes to their supply chains.'' \42\ Burfisher modeled the impacts of 
the change from NAFTA to USMCA, finding that for the economy as a 
whole, ``[w]ages for unskilled and skilled labor are unchanged in 
Canada and the United States due to USMCA.'' \43\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \42\ USTR. 2019. Estimated Impact of The United States-Mexico-
Canada Agreement (USMCA) On the U.S. Automotive Sector. https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/files/Press/Releases/USTR%20USMCA%20Autos%20White%20Paper.pdf.
    \43\ Burfisher, M. et al., 2019. NAFTA to USMCA: What is Gained? 
International Monetary Fund Working Paper. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2019/03/26/NAFTA-to-USMCA-What-is-Gained-46680.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    A secondary wage effect may occur if the inflow of production, 
assembly, parts manufacturing, R&D, and IT into the U.S. drives up 
demand for this work and consequently labor prices. The Department 
expects these secondary impacts to be small because the expected 
increase in employment is small relative to the size of the labor 
market.

F. Benefits

    The inclusion of the high-wage components in the LVC requirements 
may incentivize domestic investment, production, and employment, and 
the accompanying gain in producer surplus would qualify as a benefit 
for purposes of this regulatory impact analysis. As noted in section 
V.E., most domestic production is already conducted by workers earning 
at least $16 per hour. Canadian workers also generally meet this 
requirement. However, Mexican workers tend to earn less than workers in 
other USMCA Countries and so producers may need to increase Mexican 
wages or transfer vehicle or parts production to higher-wage U.S. (or 
Canadian) plants to meet this requirement.\44\ If not, Mexican-produced 
covered vehicles would not qualify for preferential tariff treatment. 
Regardless, the cost for Mexican imports would likely increase. This 
would reduce the competitive advantage of Mexican manufacturing and may 
result in production flowing into the United States.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \44\ Average assembly and parts hourly wages are above US$20 per 
hour in Canada. Mexican hourly wages for auto assembly averaged 
US$7.34 and for automotive parts averaged US$3.41 in 2017. CAR. 
2018. NAFTA Briefing: Review of Current NAFTA Proposals and 
Potential Impacts on the North American Automotive Industry. https://www.cargroup.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/nafta_briefing_april_2018_public_version-final.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    These effects are explained and quantified in several papers. The 
analyses consider the impacts of all changes to the automotive ROO. 
Therefore, the quantified impacts associated with the high-wage 
components of the LVC requirements may be smaller than the totals 
presented.
    A USTR white paper quantified three main impacts in the United 
States of USMCA's changes in the ROO: \45\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \45\ USTR. 2019. Estimated Impact of The United States-Mexico-
Canada Agreement (USMCA) On the U.S. Automotive Sector. https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/files/Press/Releases/USTR%20USMCA%20Autos%20White%20Paper.pdf.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

     New capital investments of $34 billion over 5 years.
     Increased U.S. automotive parts purchases of $23 billion 
annually.
     A gain of 76,000 jobs.
    The USITC also estimated the impacts of USMCA's automotive ROO on 
employment and investment.\46\ They conducted a more complex analysis 
using a partial equilibrium model. Their numbers are smaller than those 
estimated by USTR. They estimated a net increase of approximately 
28,100 full-time equivalent employees and an increase in investment of 
$632 million per year. These net increases consider both expected 
decreases in vehicle production in the United States and increased 
parts production.\47\ The USITC estimated that the increase in parts 
production will outweigh the decrease in vehicle production.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \46\ USITC. 2019. U.S.-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement: Likely 
Impact on the U.S. Economy and on Specific Industry Sectors. https://www.usitc.gov/publications/332/pub4889.pdf.
    \47\ The net increase in employment is comprised of an increase 
of 29,700 for parts production and a reduction of 1,600 for vehicle 
production. The net increase in investment includes an increase of 
$683 million for parts production and a reduction of $51 million for 
vehicle production.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Conversely, in a working paper by Burfisher, the authors argue that 
the new automotive ROO would lead to a decline in both North American 
vehicle and parts production by shifting production outside the region 
and reducing demand for new vehicles.\48\ If so, the impacts projected 
by USTR and USITC would not be realized. The authors used a global, 
multisector, computable-general-equilibrium model to assess the impacts 
of certain USMCA provisions on trade, welfare, GDP, vehicle prices, 
wages, and rents. They

[[Page 39808]]

argue that the increased compliance costs associated with the RVC and 
LVC requirements would lead to an increase in imports from non-USMCA 
Countries because the advantage associated with preferential tariff 
treatment has been reduced. If North American manufacturers no longer 
qualify for preferential tariff treatment, the previous incentive to 
produce parts or vehicles in North America has been removed and 
manufacturing may shift overseas.\49\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \48\ Burfisher, M. et al., 2019. NAFTA to USMCA: What is Gained? 
International Monetary Fund Working Paper. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2019/03/26/NAFTA-to-USMCA-What-is-Gained-46680.
    \49\ Reinsch, W. et al., 2019. The Impact of Rules of Origin on 
Supply Chains: USMCA's Auto Rules as a Case Study. CSIS Scholl Chair 
of International Business. https://www.csis.org/analysis/impact-rules-origin-supply-chains-usmcas-auto-rules-case-study.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

VI. Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 (RFA), 5 U.S.C. 601 et seq., 
as amended by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 
1996, Public Law 104-121 (1996), requires federal agencies engaged in 
rulemaking to consider the impact of their proposals on small entities, 
consider alternatives to minimize that impact, and solicit public 
comment on their analyses. The RFA requires the assessment of the 
impact of a regulation on a wide range of small entities, including 
small businesses, not-for-profit organizations, and small governmental 
jurisdictions. Accordingly, the Department examined the regulatory 
requirements of the IFR to determine whether it would have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. 
Costs to small businesses are expected to be de minimis.
    The Department used the Small Business Administration (SBA) size 
standards to identify the number of businesses that are small 
entities.\50\ For the affected industries, the SBA small business size 
standards range from 1,000 to 1,500 employees. These thresholds are 
shown in Table 4.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \50\ SBA, Summary of Size Standards by Industry Sector, 2019, 
www.sba.gov/document/support--table-size-standards.

   Table 4--SBA Small Business Size Standards for Affected Industries
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          Size threshold
           NAICS                       Industry             (number of
                                                            employees)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
326211.....................  Tire manufacturing (except            1,500
                              retreading).
336100.....................  Motor vehicle manufacturing           1,500
336211.....................  Motor vehicle body                    1,000
                              manufacturing.
336310.....................  Motor vehicle gasoline                1,000
                              engine and engine parts
                              manufacturing.
336320.....................  Motor vehicle electrical              1,000
                              and electronic equipment
                              manufacturing.
336330.....................  Motor vehicle steering and            1,000
                              suspension components
                              (except spring).
336340.....................  Motor vehicle brake system            1,250
                              manufacturing.
336350.....................  Motor vehicle transmission            1,500
                              and power train parts
                              manufacturing.
336360.....................  Motor vehicle seating and             1,500
                              interior trim
                              manufacturing.
336370.....................  Motor vehicle metal                   1,000
                              stamping.
336390.....................  Other motor vehicle parts             1,000
                              manufacturing.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Department applied these thresholds to the U.S. Census Bureau's 
2012 Economic Census to obtain the number of entities with employment 
below the small business threshold.\51\ The ratios of small to large 
establishments, firms, and receipts were then applied to the more 
recent 2017 SUSB data. Lastly, receipts were inflated to 2019 dollars 
using the GDP deflator.\52\ The Department estimated there are 4,835 
small affected firms (97 percent of the total affected) and 5,218 small 
affected establishments (85 percent of the total) (Table 5).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \51\ The 2012 data are the most recently available with receipts 
data disaggregated by detailed size categories. https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2012/econ/susb/2012-susb-annual.html.
    \52\ Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2020. Table 1.1.9. Implicit 
Price Deflators for Gross Domestic Product. https://apps.bea.gov/iTable/iTable.cfm?reqid=19&step=3&isuri=1&nipa_table_list=13.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Costs include two components: (1) Regulatory familiarization and 
(2) recordkeeping (as calculated in section V.D.). The Department used 
the same assumptions for costs regardless of entity size. However, 
because larger entities have more establishments, their estimated costs 
tend to be larger than for smaller entities. Some types of costs may be 
higher for small entities than large entities and some may be lower, so 
the Department has chosen not to adjust per-entity costs based on 
entity size. For example, smaller entities have fewer employees that 
will need to be considered in the LVC calculation, making recordkeeping 
costs lower. Conversely, smaller entities may have less advanced 
payroll software, making recordkeeping costs higher. According to 
Reinsch, ``larger, multinational firms in general are better equipped 
to examine and adapt to new rules of origin, whereas smaller firms will 
face upfront costs related to analysis of the rule and administrative 
tasks in adapting to them. Those unequal costs could cause smaller 
firms to unwittingly be out of compliance with the new rules or forced 
into financial belt tightening that otherwise would not occur.'' \53\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \53\ Reinsch, W. et al., 2019. The Impact of Rules of Origin on 
Supply Chains: USMCA's Auto Rules as a Case Study. CSIS Scholl Chair 
of International Business. https://www.csis.org/analysis/impact-rules-origin-supply-chains-usmcas-auto-rules-case-study.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Total costs to small businesses in Year 1 are estimated to be $5.6 
million (86 percent of total costs) (Table 5). This equates to an 
average of $1,162 per small firm ($1,165 for vehicle manufacturers and 
$1,161 for parts manufacturers). Costs in subsequent years would be 
smaller because regulatory familiarization costs are limited to Year 1. 
These estimates do not include producer adjustment costs, as explained 
in section V.D.iii. Inclusion of adjustment costs would increase the 
estimated cost per small business in the first few years when these 
adjustments are being made.

[[Page 39809]]



            Table 5--Small Businesses Affected, Applying 2012 Small Business Proportions to 2017 Data
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                      Annual       Total year 1
                                                                     receipts          costs        Costs as a
           Industry                  Firms       Establishments      (billions       (millions      percent of
                                                                      $2019)          $2019)         receipts
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total.........................           4,835             5,218          $138.2            $5.6           0.004
    336100: Motor vehicle                  255               261            12.2             0.3           0.002
     manuf....................
        336111: Automobile                 147               147             4.3             0.2           0.004
         manuf................
        336112: Light truck &               42                46             2.8             0.1           0.002
         utility vehicle......
        336120: Heavy duty                  66                69             5.1             0.1           0.002
         truck manuf..........
    Parts manufacturing.......           4,580             4,957           126.0             5.3           0.004
        336211: Motor vehicle              606               661             9.1             0.7           0.008
         body manuf...........
        336300: Motor vehicle            3,903             4,224           115.2             4.5           0.004
         parts manuf..........
        326211: Tire manuf.                 71                73             1.6             0.1           0.005
         (except retreading)..
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: SUSB 2017, SUSB 2012.
\a\ Employees on payroll in the pay period including March 12. Includes employees on paid sick leave, holidays,
  and vacations.

    The impact of this rule was calculated as the ratio of annual cost 
per entity to average receipts per entity. The annual cost per entity 
is less than 0.01 percent of average annual receipts. The impact of 
this IFR on small entities will be de minimis. The Department certifies 
that the IFR will not have a significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities.
    The Department also considered costs relative to receipts for the 
smallest affected firms by both industry and size. As shown in Table 6, 
even for the smallest firms (those with fewer than 500 employees), 
costs are well below one percent of receipts in Year 1. These costs 
assume single-establishment firms. Costs would be somewhat higher for 
multi-establishment firms; however, multi-establishment firms are 
uncommon in these industries and size categories.

   Table 6--Year 1 Costs and Receipts of the Smallest Businesses, With One Establishment, by Industry and Size
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                   Receipts per
                                                                    Year 1 cost    firm per year    Year 1 cost
                            Industry                                 per firm        (millions     as a percent
                                                                      ($2019)         $2019)        of receipts
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
336100: Motor vehicle manuf.:
    0-4 employees...............................................          $1,142           $1.58            0.07
    5-9 employees...............................................           1,142            3.81            0.03
    10-19 employees.............................................           1,142           29.64            0.00
    20-99 employees.............................................           1,142           25.14            0.00
    100-499 employees...........................................           1,142           95.43            0.00
336211: Motor vehicle body manuf.:
    0-4 employees...............................................           1,080            0.96            0.11
    5-9 employees...............................................           1,080            1.80            0.06
    10-19 employees.............................................           1,080            3.30            0.03
    20-99 employees.............................................           1,080           10.75            0.01
    100-499 employees...........................................           1,080           44.12            0.00
336300: Motor vehicle parts manuf.:
    0-4 employees...............................................           1,080            0.76            0.14
    5-9 employees...............................................           1,080            1.79            0.06
    10-19 employees.............................................           1,080            3.73            0.03
    20-99 employees.............................................           1,080           12.62            0.01
    100-499 employees...........................................           1,080           67.13            0.00
326211: Tire manuf. (except retreading):
    0-4 employees...............................................           1,080            0.49            0.22
    5-9 employees...............................................           1,080            1.71            0.06
    10-19 employees.............................................           1,080            2.87            0.04
    20-99 employees.............................................           1,080           10.78            0.01
    100-499 employees...........................................           1,080          164.27            0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Source: SUSB 2017.

VII. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act Analysis

    The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) \54\ requires 
agencies to prepare a written statement for rules with a federal 
mandate that may result in increased expenditures by state, local, and 
tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the private sector, of $156 
million ($100 million in 1995 dollars adjusted for inflation) or more 
in at least 1 year.\55\ This statement must (1) identify the 
authorizing legislation; (2) present the estimated costs and benefits 
of the rule and, to the extent that such estimates are feasible and 
relevant, its estimated effects on the national economy; (3) summarize 
and evaluate

[[Page 39810]]

state, local, and tribal government input; and (4) identify reasonable 
alternatives and select, or explain the non-selection, of the least 
costly, most cost-effective, or least burdensome alternative. This IFR 
is not expected to result in aggregate costs of $156 million per year 
to governments; however, costs may reach this threshold for the private 
sector.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \54\ See 2 U.S.C. 1501.
    \55\ Calculated using growth in the Gross Domestic Product 
deflator from 1995 to 2019. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Table 
1.1.9. Implicit Price Deflators for Gross Domestic Product.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

VIII. Executive Order 13132 (Federalism)

    This rule does not have substantial direct effects on the states, 
on the relationship between the national government and the states, or 
on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various 
levels of government. Therefore, in accordance with section 6 of 
Executive Order No. 13132, 64 FR 43255 (Aug. 4, 1999), this rule does 
not have sufficient federalism implications to warrant the preparation 
of a federalism summary impact statement.

IX. Effects on Families

    The undersigned hereby certifies that this rule would not adversely 
affect the well-being of families, as discussed under section 654 of 
the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 1999.

X. Executive Order 13175, Indian Tribal Governments

    This rule would not have substantial direct effects on one or more 
Indian tribes, on the relationship between the federal government and 
Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities 
between the federal government and Indian tribes.

List of Subjects in 29 CFR Part 810

    Labor, Wages, Hours of work, Trade agreement, Motor vehicle, 
Tariffs, Imports, Whistleblowing.

    Signed at Washington, DC, this 24th day of June, 2020.
Cheryl M. Stanton,
Administrator, Wage and Hour Division.


0
For the reasons set out in the preamble, the Department of Labor amends 
Title 29 of the Code of Federal Regulations by adding part 810 to read 
as follows:

PART 810--HIGH-WAGE COMPONENTS OF THE LABOR VALUE CONTENT 
REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE UNITED STATES-MEXICO-CANADA AGREEMENT 
IMPLEMENTATION ACT

Subpart A--General
810.1 Introduction.
810.2 Purpose and scope.
810.3 Definitions and use of terms.
Subpart B--Calculating the High-Wage Component of Material and 
Manufacturing Expenditures
810.100 Scope and purpose of this subpart.
810.105 Calculating the average hourly base wage rate.
810.110 Examples of direct production work.
810.115 Paid meal time and paid break time.
810.120 Part-time, temporary, seasonal, and contract workers.
810.125 Workers paid on a non-hourly basis.
810.130 Executive, Management, Research and Development, 
Engineering, and Other Personnel.
810.135 Interns, students, and trainees.
810.140 High-wage transportation or related costs for shipping a 
high-wage part or material.
810.145 Currency exchange.
810.150 Adjustment of the average hourly base wage rate.
Subpart C--Calculating the High-Wage Technology Expenditures Credit
810.200 High-wage technology expenditures credit.
Subpart D--Calculating the High-Wage Assembly Expenditures Credit
810.300 High-wage assembly expenditures credit.
Subpart E--Certification Provisions
810.400 Scope and purpose of this subpart.
810.405 Certification.
810.410 Administrator's review for omissions or errors.
Subpart F--Verification of the Labor Value Content's Wage Components
810.500 Scope and purpose of this subpart.
810.505 Scope of verification.
810.510 Notice to a producer that a verification of compliance with 
labor value content requirements has been initiated.
810.515 Conduct of verifications.
810.520 Confidentiality.
810.525 Notice provided to CBP regarding the Administrator's 
findings.
810.530 Verification of labor value content compliance for producers 
subject to alternative staging regime.
Subpart G--Recordkeeping Requirements
810.600 Recordkeeping requirements.
Subpart H--Administrative Review of the Department's Analysis and 
Findings
810.700 Administrative review procedures.
Subpart I--Whistleblower Protections
810.800 Prohibited acts.

    Authority:  19 U.S.C. 1508(b)(4) & 19 U.S.C. 4535(b).

Subpart A--General


Sec.  810.1  Introduction.

    This part provides the Department of Labor's rules to implement and 
administer the high-wage components of the labor value content 
requirements, as provided in the Agreement between the United States of 
America, the United Mexican States, and Canada, and the United States-
Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act.


Sec.  810.2  Purpose and scope.

    (a) The USMCA replaces the 1994 North American Free Trade 
Agreement. The USMCA Preamble states that the parties to the agreement 
are resolved to, among other things, ``facilitate trade in goods and 
services between the Parties by preventing, identifying, and 
eliminating unnecessary technical barriers to trade, enhancing 
transparency, and promoting good regulatory practices,'' and that the 
Parties are resolved to ``promote the protection and enforcement of 
labor rights, the improvement of working conditions, the strengthening 
of cooperation and the Parties' capacity on labor issues.''
    (b) The purpose of the USMCA Implementation Act is to implement the 
USMCA. Section 202A of the Act, codified at 19 U.S.C. 4532, in part 
implements Article 7 of the Automotive Appendix. This Article 
establishes a labor value content requirement for passenger vehicles, 
light trucks, and heavy trucks, pursuant to which an importer can 
obtain preferential tariff treatment for a covered vehicle only if it 
meets certain minimum percentage benchmarks concerning the portion of 
the vehicle produced by workers who meet certain wage requirements, as 
described in subparts B, C, and D.


Sec.  810.3  Definitions and use of terms.

    As used in this part--
    Administrative law judge. Administrative law judge means a 
Department of Labor official appointed pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 3105.
    Administrator. Administrator means the Administrator of the Wage 
and Hour Division, United States Department of Labor, and such 
authorized representatives as may be designated to perform any of the 
functions of the Administrator under this part.
    Alternative staging regime. Alternative staging regime means the 
alternative to the standard staging regime, and provides for a 
different phase-in of the LVC requirements and additional time to meet 
those requirements.
    Annual purchase value. Annual purchase value, as defined in the 
Uniform Regulations, means the sum of the values of high-wage materials 
purchased annually by a producer for use in the production of passenger 
vehicles, light trucks, or heavy trucks in

[[Page 39811]]

a plant located in the territory of a USMCA Country.
    Automotive Appendix. Automotive Appendix means the Appendix to 
Annex 4-B of the USMCA.
    Automotive good. Automotive good means a covered vehicle or a part, 
component, or material listed in the Automotive Appendix.
    CBP. CBP means United States Customs and Border Protection, 
including its Commissioner.
    Covered vehicle. Covered vehicle means a passenger vehicle, light 
truck, or heavy truck.
    Department. Department means the United States Department of Labor.
    High-wage components of the LVC requirements. High-wage components 
of the LVC requirements means the high-wage components of material and 
manufacturing expenditures, information technology expenditures, and 
assembly expenditures.
    LVC. LVC means labor value content.
    Plant and/or Facility. These terms are used interchangeably 
throughout this part and invoke the terms' meanings as found in the 
USMCA, Uniform Regulations, and applicable CBP guidance and 
regulations.
    Producer. Producer means an individual or entity who engages in the 
production and/or assembly of automotive goods in North America. Except 
where indicated otherwise, the term ``producer'' encompasses the terms 
``importer'' and ``exporter'' and their definitions as found in the 
Uniform Regulations, CBP regulations, and Appendix 5, Article 5.1 of 
the USMCA.
    Secretary. Secretary means the Secretary of Labor or the 
Secretary's designee.
    Uniform Regulations. Uniform Regulations means the regulations 
agreed upon by the United States of America, the United Mexican States, 
and Canada, pursuant to Chapter 5, Article 5.16 of the USMCA, 
regarding, in part, the interpretation, application, and administration 
of Chapter 4 (Rules of Origin) and Chapter 5 (Origin Procedures) of the 
USMCA.
    USMCA. USMCA means the Agreement between the United States of 
America, the United Mexican States, and Canada.
    USMCA Country(ies). USMCA Country means the United States of 
America, the United Mexican States, or Canada. USCMA Countries means 
any combination of the United States of America, the United Mexican 
States, and Canada. These regulations use these terms interchangeably 
with the term ``North America.''
    USMCA Implementation Act. USMCA Implementation Act means the United 
States-Mexico-Canada Agreement Implementation Act, Pub. L. 116-113, 134 
Stat. 11 (2020), which is codified at 19 U.S.C. 1508, as amended, and 
19 U.S.C. 4501 et seq.
    WHD. WHD means the Wage and Hour Division of the U.S. Department of 
Labor.

Subpart B--Calculating the High-Wage Component of Material and 
Manufacturing Expenditures


Sec.  810.100  Scope and purpose of this subpart.

    (a) Section 202A(e) of the USMCA Implementation Act authorizes the 
Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary of the Treasury, to 
participate in a verification of whether covered vehicle production 
complies with the high-wage components of the LVC requirements set 
forth in Article 7 of the Automotive Appendix or, if the producer is 
subject to the alternative staging regime, under Articles 7 and 8 of 
the Automotive Appendix. This subpart addresses calculation of the 
high-wage material and manufacturing expenditures component of the LVC 
(referred to in the Uniform Regulations as high-wage material and labor 
expenditures).
    (b) The regulations in this subpart describe how producers can meet 
the high-wage-related aspect of the material and manufacturing 
expenditures component, which concerns whether workers engaged in 
direct production work at a plant or facility included in a producer's 
material and manufacturing expenditures calculation earn an average 
hourly base wage rate of at least US$16 per hour. All other aspects of 
material and manufacturing expenditures are addressed in the Uniform 
Regulations and regulations and/or guidance issued by CBP or other 
federal agencies.


Sec.  810.105  Calculating the average hourly base wage rate.

    (a) The average hourly base wage rate (also referred to in the 
USMCA as the production wage rate, and in the Uniform Regulations as 
the average base hourly wage rate) is calculated by dividing the total 
base wages paid for all hours worked in direct production at a plant or 
facility by the total number of hours worked in direct production at 
that plant or facility. The average hourly base wage rate must be at 
least US$16 per hour for the plant or facility to count toward a 
producer's LVC obligation.
    (b) The three components of this calculation are computed as 
follows:
    (1) Hourly base wage rate is the rate of compensation a worker is 
paid for each hour worked in direct production.
    (i) Benefits, bonuses, premium payments, incentive pay, overtime 
premiums, and all other similar payments are excluded from the hourly 
base wage rate.
    (ii) Amounts deducted from a worker's pay that are for the benefit 
of the worker and are reasonable may be included in the hourly base 
wage rate. The principles in determining whether deductions are for the 
benefit of the worker and are reasonable, and thus may be included as 
part of the hourly base wage rate, are explained in more detail in 29 
CFR part 531.
    (2) Hours worked in direct production means all time a worker 
spends personally involved in the production of passenger vehicles, 
light trucks, heavy trucks, or parts used in the production of these 
vehicles at a plant or facility located in a USMCA Country, or directly 
involved in the set-up, operation, or maintenance of equipment or tools 
used in the production of those vehicles or parts at that plant or 
facility. The total number of hours worked in direct production at a 
plant or facility, as referenced in paragraph (a) of this section, is 
calculated by adding together hours in direct production (as calculated 
under paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (ii)) for all workers who perform direct 
production work at that plant or facility.
    (i) Except for workers described in Sec.  810.130, if at least 85 
percent of a worker's total work hours are hours worked in direct 
production, the worker's total work hours are considered hours worked 
in direct production, and are included in the average hourly base wage 
rate calculation.
    (ii) Except for workers described in Sec.  810.130, if less than 85 
percent of a worker's total work hours are hours worked in direct 
production, only the worker's hours worked in direct production are 
included in the average hourly base wage rate calculation.
    (3) Total base wages is calculated using a two-step process. First, 
multiply each worker's hourly base wage rate (for the time period 
described in paragraph (d) of this section) by that worker's number of 
hours worked in direct production at that rate (for the same time 
period). Second, add the values calculated in step one to obtain total 
base wages paid for all hours worked in direct production at the plant 
or facility.
    (c) The producer must include all hours worked in direct production 
at a plant or facility (other than by workers described in Sec.  
810.130) when calculating the average hourly base wage rate for that 
plant or facility. Where a worker is paid by a third party

[[Page 39812]]

(such as a temporary employment agency), only the wages received by the 
worker are included in the average hourly base wage rate calculation.
    (d) The producer must elect one of the following periods to 
calculate the average hourly base wage rate:
    (1) The producer's previous fiscal year;
    (2) The previous calendar year;
    (3) The quarter or month to date in which the vehicle is produced 
or exported;
    (4) The producer's fiscal year to date in which the vehicle is 
produced or exported; or
    (5) The calendar year to date in which the vehicle is produced or 
exported.


Sec.  810.110  Examples of direct production work.

    (a) Direct production work includes production of passenger 
vehicles, light trucks, or heavy trucks, or parts for these vehicles, 
as well as the set-up, operation or maintenance of tools or equipment 
used in the production of those vehicles and parts. The work may take 
place on a production line, at a workstation, on the shop floor, or in 
another production area. Direct production work includes material 
handling of vehicles or parts; inspections of vehicles or parts, 
including inspections that are normally categorized as quality control 
and, for heavy trucks, pre-sale inspections carried out at the place 
where the vehicle is produced; on-the-job training regarding the 
execution of a specific production task; and maintaining and ensuring 
the operation of the production line or production area and the 
operation of tools and equipment used in the production of vehicles or 
parts, including the cleaning of the line or production area and the 
places around it.
    (b) Except for workers described in Sec.  810.130, time spent (by, 
for example, line supervisors and team leads) providing on-the-job 
training regarding the execution of a specific production task or 
relieving a worker in the performance of direct production duties is 
direct production work. Time spent managing or supervising workers is 
not direct production work.


Sec.  810.115  Paid meal time and paid break time.

    Paid meal time and paid break time are counted as direct production 
work for purposes of determining whether at least 85 percent of a 
worker's total work hours are hours worked in direct production. 
However, if less than 85 percent of a worker's total work hours are 
worked in direct production, paid meal time and paid break time are not 
included in the average hourly base wage rate calculation.


Sec.  810.120  Part-time, temporary, seasonal, and contract workers.

    (a) Part-time, temporary, and seasonal workers. Hours of part-time 
workers, temporary workers, and seasonal workers are treated the same 
as hours of full-time workers for purposes of calculating the average 
hourly base wage rate.
    (b) Employees. The average hourly base wage rate calculation 
includes workers' hours regardless of whether the workers have an 
employment relationship with the producer.


Sec.  810.125  Workers paid on a non-hourly basis.

    (a) General. If any worker performing direct production work is 
compensated by a method other than hourly, such as a salary, piece-
rate, or day-rate basis, the worker's hourly base wage rate shall be 
calculated by converting the salary, piece-rate, or day-rate to an 
hourly equivalent. This hourly equivalent is then multiplied by the 
number of hours worked in direct production for purposes of calculating 
the average hourly base wage rate.
    (b) Examples. (1) Where the salary, piece-rate, or day-rate wage is 
paid to a worker on a weekly or bi-weekly pay period basis, the total 
salary, piece-rate, or day-rate compensation for that pay period will 
be divided by the total number of hours worked in the pay period to 
determine the hourly equivalent.
    (2) Where the salary, piece-rate, or day-rate wage is paid to a 
worker on a semi-monthly pay period basis, the total salary, piece-
rate, or day-rate compensation will be converted to a weekly equivalent 
by multiplying the compensation by 24 (semi-monthly pay periods in a 
year) and dividing by 52 (weeks per year). This weekly equivalent will 
be divided by the total number of hours worked in the week to determine 
the hourly equivalent.
    (3) Where the salary, piece-rate, or day-rate wage is paid to a 
worker on a monthly pay period basis, the total salary, piece-rate, or 
day-rate compensation will be converted to a weekly equivalent by 
multiplying the compensation by 12 (monthly pay periods in a year) and 
dividing by 52 (weeks per year). This weekly equivalent will be divided 
by the total number of hours worked in the week to determine the hourly 
equivalent.


Sec.  810.130  Executive, Management, Research and Development, 
Engineering, and Other Personnel.

    The average hourly base wage rate does not include any hours worked 
by:
    (a) Executive or management staff who generally have the authority 
to make final decisions to hire, fire, promote, transfer and discipline 
employees;
    (b) Workers engaged in research and development; or
    (c) Engineers, mechanics, or technicians, if such personnel are not 
responsible for maintaining and ensuring the operation of the 
production line or tools and equipment used in the production of 
vehicles or parts.


Sec.  810.135  Interns, students, and trainees.

    Hours worked by an intern, student, or trainee who does not have an 
express or implied compensation agreement with the employer are not 
considered hours worked in direct production, and therefore are not 
included in the average hourly base wage rate calculation.


Sec.  810.140  High-wage transportation or related costs for shipping a 
high-wage part or material.

    (a) High-wage transportation or related costs for shipping a high-
wage part or material within the USMCA Countries may be used to 
calculate high-wage material and manufacturing costs if those costs are 
not otherwise included in the annual purchase value.
    (b) Where the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section are 
met, the producer may claim in its calculation of high-wage material 
and manufacturing expenditures high-wage transportation or related 
costs for shipping a high-wage part or material within the USMCA 
Countries, for each transportation, logistics, or material handling 
provider that paid an average hourly base wage rate of at least US$16 
per hour to its direct production workers performing these services. 
Such workers would include drivers and loaders.


 Sec.  810.145  Currency exchange.

    The high-wage component of material and manufacturing expenditures 
(and assembly expenditures under Sec.  810.300) is expressed in U.S. 
dollars--US$16 per hour. Rules governing currency exchange are set 
forth and addressed in the Uniform Regulations and regulations and/or 
guidance issued by the Department of the Treasury and/or CBP.


Sec.  810.150  Adjustment of the average hourly base wage rate.

    If the USMCA Countries agree to adjust the dollar amount of the 
average hourly base wage rate requirement, WHD will publish a notice of 
the

[[Page 39813]]

adjusted rate in the Federal Register. The regulations in this part 
will apply with respect to the adjusted rate in the same manner they 
applied with respect to the US$16 per hour rate.

Subpart C--Calculating the High-Wage Technology Expenditures Credit


Sec.  810.200  High-wage technology expenditures credit.

    (a) A producer may receive a 10 percent credit towards its total 
LVC requirement by demonstrating that the sum of its annual 
expenditures in North America on wages for research and development and 
information technology is equal to or greater than 10 percent of its 
annual expenditures on production wages in North America. If a 
producer's annual expenditures in North America on wages for research 
and development and information technology is less than 10 percent of 
the producer's annual expenditures in North America on production 
wages, then the producer is eligible for a credit equal to the actual 
percentage of the producer's annual expenditures in North America on 
wages for research and development and information technology as a 
percentage of its total annual expenditures in North America on 
production wages.
    (b) The three components of this calculation are computed as 
follows:
    (1) Annual expenditures in North America on wages for research and 
development means total annual corporate spending in North America on 
wages for research and development, including prototype development, 
design, engineering, testing, or certifying operations.
    (2) Annual expenditures in North America on wages for information 
technology means total annual corporate spending in North America on 
wages for information technology, including software development, 
technology integration, vehicle communications, and information 
technology support operations.
    (3) Annual expenditures on production wages in North America means 
total annual corporate spending on wages for production of passenger 
vehicles, light trucks, and heavy trucks in North America.

Subpart D--Calculating the High-Wage Assembly Expenditures Credit


Sec.  810.300  High-wage assembly expenditures credit.

    (a) A producer may receive a single credit of five percent towards 
the total LVC requirement if it demonstrates any one of the following:
    (1) Operation of (or a long term contract with) a ``high-wage'' 
engine assembly plant in North America with a minimum annual production 
capacity of originating engines;
    (2) Operation of (or a long term contract with) a ``high-wage'' 
transmission assembly plant in North America with a minimum annual 
production capacity of originating transmissions; or
    (3) Operation of (or a long term contract with) a ``high-wage'' 
advanced battery assembly plant in North America with a minimum annual 
production capacity of originating advanced battery packs.
    (b) A plant is ``high-wage'' for purposes of this section if it has 
an average hourly base wage rate of at least US$16 per hour for the 
entire plant. The US$16 per hour average hourly base wage rate for 
high-wage assembly expenditures credit is determined by calculating the 
average hourly base wage rate in the same manner as detailed in Sec.  
810.105.
    (c) Minimum annual production capacity levels are set forth in the 
USMCA and in guidance issued by CBP and are outside the Department's 
authority.
    (d) The definition of ``long term contract'' is set forth in the 
Uniform Regulations.
    (e) If a plant used by a producer to satisfy the material and 
manufacturing expenditures component of the LVC requirement meets the 
requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, the producer may use 
that plant to qualify for the high-wage assembly expenditures credit.

Subpart E--Certification Provisions


Sec.  810.400  Scope and purpose of this subpart.

    Section 202A(c)(1)(B) of the USMCA Implementation Act requires the 
Secretary, in consultation with CBP, to ensure that a vehicle 
producer's LVC certification does not contain omissions or errors 
before the certification is considered properly filed. The regulations 
in this subpart describe the scope of the Secretary's review under this 
statutory provision, and what certification information a vehicle 
producer submits to CBP related to that review. All matters other than 
reviewing the high-wage components of the LVC certification for 
omissions or errors are outside of the Secretary's purview, and are 
addressed in the Uniform Regulations and regulations and/or guidance 
issued by CBP or other federal agencies.


Sec.  810.405  Certification.

    (a) To satisfy its certification obligation under section 
202A(c)(1)(B)(i) of the USMCA Implementation Act pertaining to the 
high-wage components of the LVC requirements, WHD will review for 
omissions or errors the following information relating to the high-wage 
components of the LVC requirements, which the producer of the covered 
vehicle (rather than the importer or exporter) submits to CBP.
    (1) The certifying vehicle producer's name, corporate address, 
Federal Employer Identification Number or alternative unique 
identification number of the producer's choosing, such as a Business 
Number (BN) issued by the Canada Revenue Agency, Registro Federal de 
Contribuyentes (RFC) number issued by Mexico's Tax Administration 
Service (SAT), Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) number issued by the 
Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF), or an identification 
number issued to the person or enterprise by CBP, and a point of 
contact for the certifying vehicle producer.
    (2) The vehicle class, model line, and/or other category indicating 
the motor vehicles covered by the certification.
    (3) The time period the producer of the covered vehicle is using 
for its LVC calculations. For purposes of calculating the LVC, a 
producer of the covered vehicle may use any one of the time periods 
used for calculating the average hourly base wage rate, as described in 
Sec.  810.105(d).
    (4) The name, address, and Federal Employer Identification Number 
or alternative unique identification number of the producer's choosing, 
such as a Business Number (BN) issued by the Canada Revenue Agency, 
Registro Federal de Contribuyentes (RFC) number issued by Mexico's Tax 
Administration Service (SAT), Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) number 
issued by the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF), or an 
identification number issued to the person or enterprise by CBP, for 
each plant or facility the producer of the covered vehicle is relying 
on to meet the high-wage material and manufacturing expenditures 
component of the LVC requirements.
    (5) A statement that the average hourly base wage rate, calculated 
consistent with Sec.  810.105, meets or exceeds US$16 per hour for each 
plant or facility identified in paragraph (a)(4) of this section.
    (6) If applicable, a statement that the producer is using high-wage 
transportation or related costs to meet the high-wage material and

[[Page 39814]]

manufacturing expenditures component. If the producer is using high-
wage transportation or related costs, the producer must identify the 
company name, address, and Federal Employer Identification Number or 
alternative unique identification number of the producer's choosing, 
such as a Business Number (BN) issued by the Canada Revenue Agency, 
Registro Federal de Contribuyentes (RFC) number issued by Mexico's Tax 
Administration Service (SAT), Legal Entity Identifier (LEI) number 
issued by the Global Legal Entity Identifier Foundation (GLEIF), or an 
identification number issued to the person or enterprise by CBP, for 
each company the producer used to calculate its high-wage 
transportation or related costs.
    (7) If applicable, a statement that the producer is using the high-
wage technology expenditures credit to meet the LVC requirements. If 
the producer is using the high-wage technology expenditures credit, a 
producer must identify the percentage the producer is claiming as a 
credit towards the total LVC requirement.
    (8) If applicable, a statement that the producer is using the high-
wage assembly expenditures credit to meet the LVC requirements. If the 
producer is using the high-wage assembly expenditures credit, the 
producer must identify the following:
    (i) The name, address, and Federal Employer Identification Number 
(for U.S. plants) or alternative unique identification number of the 
producer's choosing, such as a Business Number (BN) issued by the 
Canada Revenue Agency, Registro Federal de Contribuyentes (RFC) number 
issued by Mexico's Tax Administration Service (SAT), Legal Entity 
Identifier (LEI) number issued by the Global Legal Entity Identifier 
Foundation (GLEIF), or an identification number issued to the person or 
enterprise by CBP for the assembly plant the producer used to qualify 
for the high-wage assembly expenditures credit; and
    (ii) A statement that the average hourly base wage rate, calculated 
consistent with Sec. Sec.  810.300 and 810.105, meets or exceeds US$16 
per hour for the assembly plant used to qualify for the high-wage 
assembly expenditures credit.
    (b) Producers of covered vehicles must ensure that records are kept 
of information to support the calculations submitted under paragraphs 
(a)(5), (7), and (8)(ii). Producers must be able to provide records 
upon request by the Department, as described in Sec.  810.600(c), but 
the records may be physically maintained by a supplier or contractor. 
The Department will accept records directly from a supplier or 
contractor where, for example, the producer and supplier or contractor 
have contracted for such an approach.
    (c) This section applies to all producers of covered vehicles 
during the alternative staging regime period and after the alternative 
staging regime period ends.


Sec.  810.410  Administrator's review for omissions or errors.

    (a) The Administrator will review the information submitted under 
Sec.  810.405(a) for omissions or errors. If the Administrator 
determines that the high-wage components of the certification contain 
no omissions or errors, WHD will notify CBP that the high-wage 
components of the certification have been properly filed.
    (b) If the Administrator determines that the high-wage components 
of the certification contain an omission or error, and therefore the 
certification has not been properly filed, WHD will provide written or 
electronic notice of the deficiency to CBP. CBP will require the 
producer of the covered vehicle to respond with a modified 
certification or otherwise. If, upon review of the response, the 
Administrator determines that the high-wage components of the 
certification contain no errors or omissions, WHD will notify CBP that 
the high-wage components of the certification have been properly filed. 
If, upon review of the response, the Administrator continues to find an 
omission or error, or if no response is submitted, WHD will provide 
written or electronic notification to CBP that the high-wage components 
of the certification have not been properly filed. The producer may 
appeal the Administrator's determination pursuant to Sec.  810.700.

Subpart F--Verification of the Labor Value Content's Wage 
Components


Sec.  810.500  Scope and purpose of this subpart.

    Section 202A(e)(1) of the USMCA Implementation Act gives the 
Secretary, in conjunction with the Secretary of the Treasury, authority 
to verify whether a covered vehicle complied with the LVC requirements 
set forth in Article 7 of the Automotive Appendix, or if the producer 
is subject to the alternative staging regime, under Articles 7 and 8 of 
the Automotive Appendix. The Secretary's role in conducting 
verifications is limited to verifying compliance with the high-wage 
components of the LVC requirements. All matters other than the high-
wage components of the LVC verification are outside of the Secretary's 
purview and are addressed in the Uniform Regulations and regulations 
and/or guidance issued by the Department of the Treasury, CBP, or other 
federal agencies.


Sec.  810.505  Scope of verification.

    (a) The Administrator may verify, through investigation, whether 
the producer complied with the high-wage components of any part of the 
LVC requirements, including material and manufacturing expenditures, 
technology expenditures, and assembly expenditures. The producer is 
responsible for all aspects of compliance with the high-wage components 
of the LVC requirements at its plants and facilities as well as the 
plants or facilities of the suppliers and contractors listed in the 
producer's certification.
    (1) For verifications of the wage component of high-wage material 
and manufacturing expenditures, the Administrator may verify whether 
the average hourly base wage rate in any plant or facility relied on by 
the producer in its certification meets the US$16 per hour requirement. 
If the producer's certification includes transportation or related 
costs for shipping as part of its LVC calculation, the Administrator 
may verify whether any transportation, logistics, or material handling 
provider relied on by the producer in its certification meets the US$16 
per hour requirement.
    (2) For verifications of high-wage technology expenditures, the 
Administrator may verify that a producer properly claimed a credit for 
annual expenditures on wages for research and development, information 
technology, and production in North America.
    (3) For verifications of high-wage assembly expenditures, the 
Administrator may verify whether an engine, transmission, or advanced 
battery assembly facility that a producer relied on in its 
certification has an average hourly base wage rate of at least US$16 
per hour.
    (b) The Administrator may, as appropriate:
    (1) Examine, or cause to be examined, upon 30-day notice, any 
record (including any statement, declaration, document, or 
electronically generated or machine-readable data) described in the 
notice with reasonable specificity.
    (2) Request information from any officer, worker, or agent of a 
producer of automotive goods, as necessary, that may be relevant with 
respect to whether the production of covered vehicles

[[Page 39815]]

meets the high-wage components of the LVC requirements set forth in 
Article 7 of the Automotive Appendix, or if the producer is subject to 
the alternative staging regime, Articles 7 and 8 of the Automotive 
Appendix. This information may be obtained under oath, by deposition or 
otherwise, at the discretion of the Administrator.
    (c) The Administrator is authorized to request and examine records 
relating to wages, hours, job responsibilities, or any other 
information in any plant or facility relied on by a producer of covered 
vehicles to demonstrate that the production of such vehicles by the 
producer meets the LVC requirements set forth in Article 7 of the 
Automotive Appendix or, if the producer is subject to the alternative 
staging regime, Articles 7 and 8 of the Automotive Appendix.
    (d) The Administrator will conduct its verification consistent with 
the timelines set forth in Article 5.9 of the USMCA.


Sec.  810.510  Notice to a producer that a verification of compliance 
with labor value content requirements has been initiated.

    CBP will notify a producer that a verification of LVC compliance 
has been initiated, including whether the verification concerns the 
high-wage components of the producer's LVC certification. This 
notification applies to verifications of compliance with the LVC 
referred to the Administrator by CBP, as well as verifications the 
Administrator has initiated with CBP.


Sec.  810.515  Conduct of verifications.

    The Administrator shall conduct verifications as may be appropriate 
and, in connection therewith, enter and inspect any places, inspect any 
records and make transcriptions or copies thereof, question any 
persons, and gather any other information as deemed necessary by the 
Administrator to determine compliance regarding the matters which are 
the subject of the verification. Upon request by the Administrator, an 
employer or other entity whose plant or facility is subject to 
verification shall make available to the Administrator all records, 
information, persons, and places that the Administrator deems necessary 
to copy, transcribe, question, or inspect to determine compliance 
regarding the matters which are the subject of the verification. In 
conducting any verifications, the Administrator will coordinate with 
CBP and other federal agencies (including requesting information from 
such agencies) as appropriate.


Sec.  810.520  Confidentiality.

    The Administrator shall, to the full extent of the law, protect the 
confidentiality of any person who provides information to the 
Department in confidence in the course of a verification or otherwise 
under this subpart.


Sec.  810.525  Notice provided to CBP regarding the Administrator's 
findings.

    The Administrator will provide verification findings and analysis 
to CBP, which retains the authority to make the final determination of 
LVC compliance, based in part on the Administrator's verification 
findings.


Sec.  810.530  Verification of labor value content compliance for 
producers subject to alternative staging regime.

    The verification procedures outlined in this subpart apply to 
producers whether or not they are subject to the alternative staging 
regime, as outlined in Articles 7 and 8 of the Automotive Appendix.

Subpart G--Recordkeeping Requirements


Sec.  810.600  Recordkeeping requirements.

    (a) General. The Administrator is authorized by section 
206(b)(4)(B) of the USMCA Implementation Act to require a producer to 
make, keep, and render for examination and inspection, records and 
supporting documentation related to a producer's certification of 
compliance with the LVC requirements set forth in Article 7 of the 
Automotive Appendix or, if the producer is subject to the alternative 
staging regime, under Articles 7 and 8 of the Automotive Appendix.
    (b) Form of records. No particular order or form of records is 
required, and records may be maintained in any medium; however, the 
Administrator prefers electronically generated or machine-readable 
data.
    (c) Inspection of records. The records described in this section 
must be made available to an authorized representative of the 
Department for inspection, copying, and transcription upon written 
request to the producer. The request will describe with reasonable 
specificity the records that are being sought, and the party receiving 
the request will have 30 days from the date of the written request to 
provide the requested records, unless the party receiving the request 
has requested and obtained an extension of this time period at the 
discretion of the Department.
    (d) Period of retention. Importers must ensure that records 
specified in these regulations are kept for 5 years from the date of 
importation of any vehicle for which preferential tariff treatment was 
claimed, and exporters and producers must ensure that records specified 
in these regulations are kept for 5 years from the date on which the 
certification of origin was completed, or for a longer period if the 
USMCA Countries so specify. Producers must be able to provide records 
upon request by the Department, as described in Sec.  810.600(c), but 
the records may be physically maintained by a supplier or contractor. 
The Department will accept records directly from a supplier or 
contractor where, for example, the producer and supplier or contractor 
have contracted for such an approach.
    (e) Records to be preserved to demonstrate compliance with the 
high-wage material and manufacturing expenditures component and 
eligibility for the high-wage assembly expenditures credit. The records 
and information listed in this paragraph must be maintained for each 
worker for whom records must be maintained pursuant to 29 CFR 516.2 and 
who worked at any plant or facility relied upon by a producer to meet 
the high-wage material and manufacturing expenditures component or the 
high-wage assembly expenditures credit of the LVC requirements, during 
the time period the producer used for calculating the LVC. For workers 
who are employed outside the United States, but if employed in the 
United States would be subject to the recordkeeping requirements under 
29 CFR 516.2, the producer must also maintain the records detailed in 
this paragraph for such workers. These records must also be maintained 
for any other worker (in any USMCA Country) who performed direct 
production work at the plant or facility during the time period used 
for calculating the LVC, even if such workers do not fall within the 
recordkeeping requirements of 29 CFR 516.2.
    (1) Worker information. Full name (and identifying symbol or number 
if used in place of the worker's name on any time, work, or payroll 
records), job title, home address, and other available contact 
information.
    (2) Time records. The total number of daily and weekly hours 
worked. For workers who work a fixed schedule, the producer may instead 
maintain records that show the schedule of daily and weekly hours the 
worker normally works instead of the hours worked each day and each 
workweek. However, if this method is used, in weeks in which a worker 
adheres to this schedule, the worker must indicate by check mark, 
statement or other method that such hours were in fact actually worked, 
and

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in weeks in which more or less than the scheduled hours are worked, the 
records must show the exact number of hours worked each day and each 
week.
    (3) Earnings records. Payroll records showing the date wages were 
paid and the time period covered by such wage payments, each worker's 
hourly rate of pay and basis of pay (hourly, salary, piece rate, day 
rate, etc.), total daily or weekly straight-time earnings, total 
premium pay for overtime hours (if any), total pay for the pay period, 
and any deductions taken from each worker's pay, including the amount 
and reason for the deduction. To the extent that a worker's rate of pay 
or straight-time earnings include benefits, bonuses, premium payments, 
incentive pay, or other similar payments excluded from the hourly base 
wage rate, as defined at Sec.  810.105, records must clearly identify 
those payments and state the amount of such payments.
    (4) Certificates, agreements, plans, notices, collective bargaining 
agreements, etc. Any collective bargaining agreements, written 
agreements or memoranda, individual contracts, plans, trusts, 
employment contracts, or written memorandum summarizing oral agreements 
or understandings applicable to any workers who work in direct 
production.
    (5) Direct production records. A record of all hours that workers 
have worked in direct production, as defined at Sec.  810.105(b)(2), 
including the workers' names, type of direct production work performed, 
hours worked by each worker that constitute direct production, hourly 
base wage rate paid to each worker for the direct production hours 
worked, and total wages paid to workers for those direct production 
hours worked. A producer's records must distinguish hours worked in 
direct production from other hours worked, to the extent that workers 
perform both direct production work and work not in direct production 
during the relevant time period. However, if at least 85 percent of a 
worker's total work hours are hours worked in direct production, the 
producer may simply record such workers' total hours worked during the 
relevant time period, so long as the producer can show that its 
recordkeeping system indicates when such workers work hours not in 
direct production when such situations occur.
    (6) Records relating to high-wage transportation or related costs 
for shipping. Producers must maintain any records relied upon to 
establish the wages their transportation, logistics, or material 
handling service providers paid to their direct production workers 
performing these services. Such records may include, for example, 
contracts for transportation or shipping, union contracts entered into 
by transportation or shipping providers, and other contracts that 
reflect the rates paid to workers employed by transportation or 
shipping contractors that are relied upon by producers to establish 
transportation or related costs for shipping.
    (f) Records to be preserved to demonstrate eligibility for the 
high-wage technology expenditures credit. If a producer is using high-
wage technology expenditures to meet the high-wage components of the 
LVC requirements, the producer must maintain a record of the total 
wages paid to workers in North America who perform research and 
development or information technology work, as defined at Sec.  
810.200(b)(1) and (2), including the workers' names and type of 
research and development or information technology work performed. The 
producer must also maintain a record of the total wages paid to workers 
in North America who perform direct production work, as defined at 
Sec.  810.200(b)(3), including the workers' names and type of 
production work performed.
    (g) Calculations relating to labor value content requirements. 
Producers must also maintain any additional records not described in 
paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section that they relied on to support 
the calculations used to establish they meet the high-wage components 
of the LVC requirements.
    (h) Relation to other recordkeeping requirements. Nothing in this 
section shall excuse any producer from complying with any recordkeeping 
or reporting requirement imposed by any other federal, state or local 
law, ordinance, regulation, or rule. This includes, but is not limited 
to, any recordkeeping requirements concerning other components of the 
LVC requirements as set forth in regulations issued by CBP or any other 
federal agency.

Subpart H--Administrative Review of the Department's Analysis and 
Findings


Sec.  810.700  Administrative review procedures.

    (a) Initiation of review. Upon receipt from CBP of a notice of a 
protest filed under 19 U.S.C. 1514 that meets the requirements of the 
regulations at 19 CFR part 174 and relates to the Department's analysis 
of the high-wage components of the LVC requirements, the Department 
will conduct an administrative review of its initial analysis.
    (b) Procedure for review. Review of the Department's analysis will 
be conducted by the Administrator, or the Administrator's designee, as 
the presiding official. When a presiding official is designated by the 
Administrator, the official must rank higher than the official who 
issued the decision that is the subject of the protest.
    (c) Proceeding before an administrative law judge. In any case 
where the presiding official determines, in the discretion of that 
official, that it is appropriate, and there exist disputed questions of 
fact, the presiding official may refer those questions to the Chief 
Administrative Law Judge for a recommended decision.
    (1) Upon receipt from the Administrator, the Chief Administrative 
Law Judge shall designate an administrative law judge to hear the 
disputed questions of fact.
    (2) Hearings held under this subpart shall be conducted under the 
Department's rules of practice and procedure for administrative 
hearings found in 29 CFR part 18.
    (3) The recommended decision of the administrative law judge shall 
be issued within 120 days of when the Administrator referred the 
questions of fact to the Chief Administrative Law Judge, or longer with 
consent of the parties.
    (4) The recommended decision shall be limited to a determination of 
the questions of fact presented by the Administrator, and shall include 
a statement of findings and recommendations, with reasons and bases 
therefore, for each question of fact presented by the Administrator.
    (5) The Administrator shall have discretion to accept or reject the 
findings of the administrative law judge in full or in part.
    (d) Scope of review. The presiding official, in a review under 
paragraph (b) of this section, shall have the discretion to consider 
any evidence relevant to rendering a determination under this section. 
In the event that new evidence or a new legal argument is made by the 
protestor in a review under paragraph (b) of this section, the 
presiding official may request additional information from the 
protestor, and/or additional verification by WHD.
    (e) Time frame for review. The Administrator will strive to issue a 
decision under this section within 1 year from the date the 
Administrator receives the notice of protest from CBP. This timeframe 
does not include the time during which any additional

[[Page 39817]]

verification or collection of additional information may take place in 
response, for example, to newly raised issues.
    (f) Results of review. After considering the relevant evidence and 
issues, the Administrator shall provide a determination containing the 
results of the administrative review to CBP.

Subpart I--Whistleblower Protections


Sec.  810.800  Prohibited acts.

    (a) Discrimination. (1) It is unlawful to intimidate, threaten, 
restrain, coerce, blacklist, discharge, or in any other manner 
discriminate against any person because the person has--
    (i) Disclosed information to a federal agency or to any person 
relating to a verification of the producer's compliance with the LVC 
requirements, or
    (ii) Cooperated or sought to cooperate in a verification concerning 
the producer's compliance with the LVC requirements.
    (b) Complaints. (1) Any person who believes that he or she has been 
discriminated against in violation of this section may file a complaint 
alleging such discrimination.
    (2) The complaint shall be filed with WHD. A complaint may be filed 
at any WHD local office; the address and telephone number of local 
offices may be found in telephone directories or at the following 
internet address: http://www.dol.gov/whd.
    (3) Within 12 months after the alleged discriminatory act occurs, a 
person who believes that he or she has been discriminated against may 
file, or have filed by any person on that person's behalf, a complaint 
alleging such discrimination. The date of the postmark, facsimile 
transmittal, phone call, or email communication will be considered to 
be the date of filing. If the complaint is filed in person, by hand-
delivery, or other means, the complaint is filed upon receipt.
    (4) No particular form of complaint is required, and complaints may 
be filed in person, in writing, or over the telephone. If oral, the 
complaint shall be reduced to writing by the WHD official who receives 
the complaint. The complaint shall set forth sufficient facts for the 
Administrator to determine whether there is reasonable cause to believe 
that a violation as described in paragraph (a) of this section has been 
committed and, therefore, that an investigation is warranted.
    (5) If the Administrator determines that an investigation of a 
complaint is warranted, the complaint shall be accepted for filing; an 
investigation shall be conducted and a determination issued within 30 
calendar days of the date of filing. The time for the investigation may 
be increased with the consent of both parties (the whistleblower and 
the party that allegedly engaged in discrimination), or if, for reasons 
outside of the control of the Administrator, the Administrator needs 
additional time to obtain information from either party or other 
sources to determine whether a violation has occurred. No hearing or 
appeal pursuant to this subpart shall be available regarding the 
Administrator's determination of whether an investigation on a 
complaint is warranted.
    (c) Administrator's determination. (1) Following an investigation, 
the Administrator shall issue a written determination. Such 
determination shall be served on all known interested parties by 
personal service or by certified mail at the parties' last known 
addresses. Where service by certified mail is not accepted by the 
party, the Administrator may exercise discretion to serve the 
determination by regular mail.
    (2) The Administrator shall file with the Chief Administrative Law 
Judge, U.S. Department of Labor, a copy of the complaint and the 
Administrator's determination.
    (3) The Administrator's determination shall:
    (i) Set forth the determination of the Administrator and the reason 
or reasons therefore, and in the case of a finding of violation(s), 
prescribe any remedies, including monetary relief, injunctive relief, 
civil money penalties of up to $50,000 per violation, and/or any other 
remedies assessed.
    (ii) Inform the interested parties that they may request a hearing 
pursuant to paragraph (d) of this section.
    (iii) Inform the interested parties that in the absence of a timely 
request for a hearing, received by the Chief Administrative Law Judge 
within 15 calendar days of the date of the determination, the 
determination of the Administrator shall become final and not 
appealable.
    (iv) Set forth the procedure for requesting a hearing, and give the 
addresses of the Chief Administrative Law Judge (with whom the request 
must be filed) and the representative(s) of the Solicitor of Labor 
(upon whom copies of the request must be served).
    (d) Administrative review of the Administrator's determination. (1) 
Any party desiring review of a determination issued under paragraph (c) 
of this section, including judicial review, shall make a request for 
such an administrative hearing in writing to the Chief Administrative 
Law Judge at the address stated in the notice of determination. If such 
a request for an administrative hearing is timely filed, the 
Administrator's determination shall be inoperative unless and until the 
case is dismissed or the administrative law judge issues an order 
affirming the decision.
    (2) The request for such hearing shall be received by the Chief 
Administrative Law Judge, at the address stated in the Administrator's 
notice of determination, no later than 15 calendar days after the date 
of the determination.
    (3) Copies of the request for a hearing shall be sent by the 
requestor to the WHD official who issued the Administrator's notice of 
determination, to the representative(s) of the Solicitor of Labor 
identified in the notice of determination, and to all known interested 
parties.
    (4) The hearing shall be conducted in accordance with the 
procedures set forth in 29 CFR part 18.
    (5) Within 60 calendar days after the date of the hearing, the 
administrative law judge shall issue a decision. If the Administrator 
or any party desires review of the decision, including judicial review, 
a petition for review by the Administrative Review Board shall be filed 
pursuant to paragraph (e) of this section.
    (e) Appeal of a decision of the administrative law judge. Any party 
desiring review of the decision of the administrative law judge may 
appeal that decision by filing a petition for review with the 
Administrative Review Board within 30 days of the date of the 
administrative law judge's decision. If a petition for review is filed, 
the decision of the administrative law judge shall be inoperative 
unless and until the Administrative Review Board issues an order 
affirming the decision, or unless and until 30 calendar days have 
passed after the Administrative Review Board's receipt of the petition 
for review and the Administrative Review Board has not issued notice to 
the parties that the Administrative Review Board will review the 
administrative law judge's decision.
    (f) Review of an order of the Administrative Review Board. An order 
of the Administrative Review Board under this subpart is subject to 
discretionary review by the Secretary of Labor (as provided in 
Secretary of Labor's Order 01-2020 or any successor to that order).

[FR Doc. 2020-14014 Filed 6-29-20; 11:15 am]
BILLING CODE 4510-27-P