[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 119 (Friday, June 19, 2020)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 37040-37057]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-13262]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Patent and Trademark Office

37 CFR Parts 2 and 7

[Docket No. PTO-T-2019-0027]
RIN 0651-AD42


Trademark Fee Adjustment

AGENCY: United States Patent and Trademark Office, Department of 
Commerce.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: The United States Patent and Trademark Office (Office or 
USPTO) proposes to set or adjust certain trademark fees, as authorized 
by the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (AIA), as amended by the Study 
of Underrepresented Classes Chasing Engineering and Science Success Act 
of 2018 (SUCCESS Act). The proposed fees are intended to recover the 
prospective aggregate costs of future strategic and operational 
trademark and Trademark Trial and Appeal Board (TTAB or Board) goals 
(based on workload projections included in the USPTO fiscal year (FY) 
2021 Congressional Justification), including associated administrative 
costs. The proposed fees will further USPTO strategic objectives by: 
Better aligning fees with costs, protecting the integrity of the 
trademark register, improving the efficiency of agency processes, and 
ensuring financial sustainability to facilitate effective trademark 
operations. Before a final rule is issued, the USPTO will consider the 
state of the U.S. economy, the operational needs of the agency, and 
public comments submitted pursuant to this rulemaking. The USPTO will 
make adjustments as necessary to the substance and timing of any final 
rule based on all of these considerations.

DATES: Written comments must be received on or before August 3, 2020.

ADDRESSES: The USPTO prefers that comments be submitted electronically 
via email to [email protected]. Written comments may also be 
submitted by mail to Commissioner for Trademarks, P.O. Box 1451, 
Alexandria, VA 22313-1451, attention Catherine Cain; by hand delivery 
to the Trademark Assistance Center, Concourse Level, James Madison 
Building-East Wing, 600 Dulany Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, 
attention Catherine Cain; or via the Federal eRulemaking Portal. See 
the Federal eRulemaking Portal website (https://www.regulations.gov) 
for additional instructions on providing comments via the portal. All 
comments submitted directly to the USPTO or provided on the Federal 
eRulemaking Portal should include the docket number (PTO-T-2019-0027).
    Although comments may be submitted by postal mail, the USPTO 
prefers to receive comments electronically because the Office may more 
easily share such comments with the public. The USPTO prefers that 
comments submitted electronically be in plain text, but they also may 
be submitted in portable document format (PDF) or a word processing 
file format (DOC or DOCX). Comments not submitted electronically should 
be submitted on paper in a format that facilitates convenient digital 
scanning into PDF.
    The comments will be available for public inspection on the USPTO's 
website at http://www.uspto.gov, on the Federal eRulemaking Portal, and 
at the Office of the Commissioner for Trademarks, Madison East, Tenth 
Floor, 600 Dulany Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314. Because comments 
will be made available for public inspection, information that is not 
desired to be made public, such as an address or phone number, should 
not be included.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Catherine Cain, Office of the Deputy 
Commissioner for Trademark Examination Policy, at 571-272-8946, or by 
email at [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The USPTO conducted a fee assessment in 
January 2019 that formed the basis for this regulatory process to 
propose adjusting and setting new trademark user fees. While trademark-
related costs of operations have risen, trademark fees have not changed 
since January 2017. The revenue and workload assumptions in this notice 
of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) are based on the assumptions found in the 
FY 2021 Congressional Justification. However, projections of aggregate 
revenues and costs are based on point-in-time estimates, and the 
circumstances surrounding these assumptions can change quickly. 
Notably, since the FY 2021 Congressional Justification was published, 
fee collections have been lower than anticipated, in part due to lower 
than expected application filings as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak.
    The USPTO is also mindful of the current difficulties many USPTO 
users are experiencing as a result of the pandemic. The USPTO has 
undertaken many efforts to provide various types of relief, including 
deadline extensions and fee postponements. Ultimately, the goal of the 
USPTO is to ensure not only that businesses and entrepreneurs can 
weather this storm, but that they can hit the ground running once it 
passes.
    The USPTO anticipates that the earliest any proposed trademark fee 
changes could take effect is October 2020. Before a final rule is 
issued, the USPTO will consider the state of the U.S. economy, the 
operational needs of the agency, and public comments submitted pursuant 
to this NPRM. The USPTO will make adjustments as necessary to the 
substance and timing of any final rule based on all of these 
considerations.
    As part of the multi-year fee-setting process, the Trademark Public 
Advisory Committee (TPAC) held a public hearing at the USPTO on 
September 23, 2019. The Office considered and analyzed all comments, 
advice, and recommendations received from the TPAC before publishing 
this NPRM. The USPTO is now moving to the next step in the process. 
This NPRM proposes changes to fees and also proposes new fees in order 
to solicit public comment.
    Purpose: The USPTO protects consumers and provides benefits to 
businesses by effectively and efficiently carrying out the trademark 
laws of the United States. As a fee funded agency, appropriate fees are 
critically important for the USPTO to maintain the quality and 
timeliness of examination and other services, and to stabilize and 
modernize aging information technology (IT) infrastructure. The fee 
schedule proposed in this rulemaking will recover the USPTO's aggregate 
estimated future costs and ensure the USPTO can achieve strategic and 
operational goals, such as effectively using resources to maintain low 
trademark pendency and high quality, fostering business effectiveness 
(ensuring quality results for employees and managers), stabilizing and 
modernizing trademark IT systems, continuing programs for stakeholder 
and public outreach, enhancing operations of the TTAB, and ensuring 
financial sustainability to facilitate effective trademark operations.
    Section 10 of the AIA authorizes the Director of the USPTO 
(Director) to set or adjust by rule any fee established, authorized, or 
charged under the Trademark Act of 1946, 15 U.S.C. 1051

[[Page 37041]]

et seq., as amended (the Trademark Act or the Act) for any services 
performed by, or materials furnished by, the Office. See section 10 of 
the AIA, Public Law 112-29, 125 Stat. 284, 316-17, as amended by the 
SUCCESS Act, Public Law 115-273, 132 Stat. 4158. Section 10 of the AIA 
prescribes that trademark fees may be set or adjusted only to recover 
the aggregate estimated costs to the USPTO for processing, activities, 
services, and materials relating to trademarks, including 
administrative costs to the USPTO with respect to such trademark and 
TTAB operations. However, this authority includes the flexibility to 
set individual fees to advance key policy objectives. Thus, the 
Director may set individual fees at, below, or above their respective 
associated costs, while taking into account the aggregate estimated 
costs to the USPTO.
    Section 10 of the AIA also establishes certain procedural 
requirements for setting or adjusting fee regulations, including public 
hearings by, and input from, the TPAC. See section 10(c) of the AIA, 
Public Law 112-29, 125 Stat. at 317. Accordingly, on August 28, 2019, 
the Director notified the TPAC of the USPTO's intent to set or adjust 
trademark fees and submitted a preliminary trademark fee proposal with 
supporting materials, available at http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.
    On September 23, 2019, the TPAC held a public hearing in 
Alexandria, Virginia. Transcripts of this hearing and comments 
submitted to the TPAC in writing are available for review at http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.
    The TPAC subsequently released a report (TPAC report), dated 
October 31, 2019, regarding the preliminary proposed fees. The report 
recognized that fee adjustments are warranted to achieve strategic and 
operational goals and evaluated the various proposed fees in view of 
the USPTO's stated rationales for setting or adjusting fees for certain 
services and activities, as well as the public comments regarding the 
fee proposals. The TPAC report expressed support for an increase in 
fees that would support USPTO operations by recovering costs and 
maintaining a sufficient operating reserve but raised concerns 
regarding some of the proposed fee increases and their potential impact 
on customers. The TPAC report offered recommendations to address these 
concerns. The report is available at http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.
    After careful consideration of the comments and recommendations 
provided in the TPAC report and in testimony by users at the public 
hearing, and keeping in mind the fee setting goals of this proposed 
rule, the USPTO has made various changes to the initial fee proposal, 
including the withdrawal of proposed fees for filing a motion for 
summary judgment and for filing a request for suspension and remand and 
the proposed increase in the fee for filing an affidavit under section 
15 of the Act. Other fees in the preliminary proposal were retained or 
modified, as reflected in this proposed rule and explained in further 
detail below. The USPTO seeks comments on the fee proposals, including 
in relation to the current environment.
    The USPTO estimates, based on the assumptions found in the FY 2021 
Congressional Justification, that the additional aggregate revenue 
derived from the proposed fee schedule will recover the future costs of 
implementing strategic and operational goals, including the cost of 
necessary IT stabilization and modernization activities, with the 
expectation that the proposal will gradually build the operating 
reserve to achieve sustainable funding that will mitigate the risk of 
immediate unplanned financial disruptions. Under this proposal, based 
on the assumptions found in the FY 2021 Congressional Justification, 
the Office estimates reaching the optimal six-month trademark operating 
reserve level in FY 2025.
    Summary of major provisions: The USPTO proposes to set or adjust 
trademark fees codified in 37 CFR parts 2 and 7. Fees are proposed to 
be increased for all application filing types (i.e., paper 
applications, applications filed via the Trademark Electronic 
Application System (TEAS), and requests for extension of protection 
under section 66(a) of the Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. 1141f). The 
proposed per-class fee increases range from $25 for a TEAS Plus 
application to $150 for a paper application. Fee increases of $100 per 
class are also proposed for filing affidavits or declarations of use or 
excusable non-use under section 8 or section 71 of the Act (section 8 
or section 71 affidavits), 15 U.S.C. 1058, 1141k. As described in 
further detail below, these proposed increases address policy 
considerations related to ensuring a more accurate register as well as 
reflecting increased processing costs to the Office in handling these 
filings.
    This proposed rule creates two levels of fees for petitions, one 
for petitions to the Director under Sec. Sec.  2.146 and 2.147 and a 
lower fee for a petition to revive an abandoned application under Sec.  
2.66. Currently, the fees for these petitions are $200 if filed on 
paper and $100 if filed through TEAS. The USPTO proposes to set the fee 
for petitions under Sec. Sec.  2.146 and 2.147 at $350 if filed on 
paper and $250 if filed through TEAS. The fees for a petition to revive 
under Sec.  2.66 are proposed to be set at $250 if filed on paper and 
$150 if filed through TEAS. These proposed fees take into account the 
different processing costs of these filings.
    New fees are proposed for requests for reconsideration under Sec.  
2.63(b)(3) that are filed more than three months after the issue date 
of a final action (at $500 for paper filing and $400 for filing through 
TEAS or the Electronic System for Trademark Trials and Appeals 
(ESTTA)). Requests for reconsideration are documents filed after a 
final action that respond to the outstanding refusals or requirements 
(see Trademark Manual of Examining Procedure (TMEP) Sec.  709.05). They 
include an applicant's request to the TTAB, filed within six months of 
the issue date of a final action, whether filed with or after a notice 
of appeal and whether it is denominated as a request for 
reconsideration or is captioned as something else, such as a request 
for remand. It does not include any filing with the TTAB after the 
applicant has filed its appeal brief (see Trademark Trial and Appeal 
Board Manual of Procedure (TBMP) Sec.  1209.04). This new proposed fee, 
imposed when the filing is more than three months after the issue date 
of a final action, is designed to encourage applicants to submit these 
filings earlier in the response period and to recover costs associated 
with processing all requests for reconsideration.
    A new $50 fee is also proposed for filing a letter of protest, 
along with new regulations that codify letter-of-protest procedures. 
The new proposed fee and procedures are designed to help offset 
processing costs and deter the filing of unsupported or irrelevant 
letters of protest, while not discouraging the filing of relevant, 
well-supported letters of protest. The new regulatory section is based 
on existing, longstanding procedures for letters of protest, which are 
currently set forth in the TMEP, as well as the procedures set out in 
the patents rules in 37 CFR 1.290 and 1.291 and the Manual of Patent 
Examining Procedure (MPEP) governing third-party submissions concerning 
pending applications, which serve a function similar to letters of 
protest.
    The Office proposes a new fee structure to encourage registrants to 
proactively perform sufficient due

[[Page 37042]]

diligence before filing a section 8 or section 71 affidavit to 
determine the goods or services for which the registered mark is no 
longer in use and delete them from the registration. The USPTO herein 
proposes two fee levels for amendments to registrations to delete 
goods, services, and/or classes. The USPTO proposes a $0 fee if the 
only amendment made in a request under section 7 of the Act (section 7 
request), 15 U.S.C. 1057(e), that is filed prior to submission of a 
section 8 or section 71 affidavit is the deletion of goods, services, 
and/or classes. As always, no additional fee would be incurred for 
section 8 or section 71 affidavits that specify fewer than all of the 
goods or services listed in the registration when the affidavit is 
filed, which results in the deletion of goods or services not included 
in the affidavit from the registration. However, if goods, services, 
and/or classes are deleted in a section 7 request, a response to Office 
action, or a voluntary amendment after submission and prior to 
acceptance of a section 8 or section 71 affidavit, the proposed per-
class fee of $250 for submissions filed through TEAS and $350 for 
submissions permitted to be filed on paper would be charged. To 
implement the new fee requirement, corresponding new regulations are 
also proposed at Sec. Sec.  2.161(c) and 7.37(c). In addition, the 
USPTO proposes to revise the section titles and restructure Sec. Sec.  
2.161 and 7.37 to set out the requirements for section 8 and section 71 
affidavits more clearly. Except for the new provision regarding the fee 
required for deletions made after submission and prior to acceptance of 
the affidavit, the substantive text of Sec. Sec.  2.161 and 7.37 has 
not otherwise been revised.
    Finally, as discussed below, 16 fees related to TTAB filings are 
established or adjusted in this proposed rule: 10 fees would be 
increased for initiating a proceeding, and six new filing fees would be 
established. The new and adjusted fees are generally designed to 
recover more of the costs of TTAB procedures, to reduce the extent to 
which they are subsidized by trademark fee collections, and to advance 
policy objectives. The USPTO also proposes to revise Sec.  2.114(a) to 
provide that a partial refund of the filing fee for a petition to 
cancel may be made in cases involving only a nonuse or abandonment 
claim, when default judgment is entered in the case, where there was no 
appearance by a defendant, and where no filings were made other than 
the petition to cancel.
    Rulemaking goals and strategies: Consistent with federal fee 
setting standards, the Office conducted a biennial review of fees, 
costs, and revenues that began in 2019 and found that fee adjustments 
are necessary to provide the resources needed to improve trademark 
operations and to implement the USPTO 2018-2022 Strategic Plan 
(Strategic Plan). As a result, the proposed fee adjustments outlined in 
this proposed rule directly align with the Office's strategic goals and 
key objectives as outlined in this section. Consistent with the USPTO's 
strategic goals and obligations under the AIA, the overall objective of 
this rulemaking is to ensure the fee schedule generates sufficient 
revenue to recover the prospective aggregate costs of trademark and 
TTAB strategic improvements and operations, including the associated 
administrative costs. Fees must be set at levels projected to cover the 
cost of future budgetary requirements and maintain an operating reserve 
at a sufficient level. Trademark applications in FY 2019 represented 
filings in a record number of over 673,000 classes of goods/services. 
However, in the last two recessions, new application filings declined 
(2001, by -21.0%; 2002, by -12.7%; and 2009, by -12.3%), demonstrating 
the sensitivity of trademark filings, and therefore total revenues, to 
general economic conditions. So far, the current economic downturn has 
produced similar estimates of trademark application filing declines. 
However, during ordinary economic times, application filings generally 
have increased by an average historical rate of between 7% and 8% per 
year. USPTO anticipates a return to this historical trend as trademark 
applicants return to expected activities. To ensure its ability to keep 
pace with demand, the USPTO is in the midst of a multi-year IT systems 
and infrastructure upgrade, which is critical to the future of the U.S. 
trademark registration system and represents a significant cost to the 
Office.
    The current fee schedule is insufficient to meet future budgetary 
requirements to: (1) Meet the expenses that will result from projected 
filings based on expectations for fee revenues; (2) recover the costs 
necessary to support trademark and TTAB operations and administrative 
services; (3) make necessary investments in IT systems, intellectual 
property (IP) policy, and USPTO programs related to trademark and TTAB 
operations; and (4) achieve optimal operating reserve levels to ensure 
financial sustainability. Budgetary requirements have increased by 22% 
from FY 2019 to FY 2020 to address unplanned pay raises, additional 
review for potential fraud, post-registration audits, agency 
administrative operations, and continued investments in IT that require 
additional funding beginning in FY 2020. Without the proposed fee 
adjustments, based on the assumptions found in the FY 2021 
Congressional Justification, budgetary requirements would exceed 
revenues and available operating reserve balances beginning in FY 2022 
through FY 2025 (see Table 1).

                   Table 1--Trademark Financial Outlook Without Proposed Fees--FY 2021-FY 2025
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                                                                Dollars in millions
                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      FY 2021         FY 2022         FY 2023         FY 2024         FY 2025
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Projected Fee Collections.......            $367            $390            $412            $430            $447
Other Income....................               6               6               6               6               6
Total Projected Fee Collections              373             396             418             436             453
 and Other Income...............
Budgetary Requirements..........             419             460             462             478             497
Funding to (+) and from (-)                  -46             -64             -44             -42             -44
 Operating Reserve..............
EOY Operating Reserve Balance...              26            (38)            (81)           (123)           (167)
Over/(Under) $75M Minimum Level.            (49)           (113)           (156)           (198)           (242)
Over/(Under) Optimal Level......           (184)           (268)           (312)           (362)           (415)
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    Table 2 below shows the available revenue and operating reserve 
balances by fiscal year, including the proposed fee rates in the 
projected fee collections. The numbers in the table below can be found 
in the FY 2021 Congressional

[[Page 37043]]

Justification and were developed in late calendar year 2019, prior to 
the COVID-19 outbreak. Under current circumstances, it is difficult to 
predict what the actual numbers will be. However, since USPTO was 
projecting insufficient funding even during an economic expansion (see 
Table 1) and the trademark financial outlook has only worsened since 
the onset of the pandemic, USPTO still believes that a fee increase 
will be necessary to put the Office on a sustainable financial path.

                  Table 2--Trademark Financial Outlook Including Proposed Fees--FY 2021-FY 2025
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                                                                Dollars in millions
                                 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      FY 2021         FY 2022         FY 2023         FY 2024         FY 2025
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Projected Fee Collections.......            $445            $472            $498            $519            $539
Other Income....................               6               6               6               6               6
Total Projected Fee Collections              451             478             504             525             545
 and Other Income...............
Budgetary Requirements..........             419             460             462             478             497
Funding to (+) and from (-)                   31              18              42              47              48
 Operating Reserve..............
EOY Operating Reserve Balance...             103             121             163             211             259
Over/(Under) $75M Minimum Level.              28              46              88             136             184
Over/(Under) Optimal Level......           (107)           (109)            (68)            (28)              10
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    Additional information on estimated costs can be found in the USPTO 
FY 2021 Congressional Justification at https://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/budget-and-financial-information, which 
includes two revenue estimates, one based on the current fee schedule 
and another based on this proposed rule (see Appendix IV: USPTO Fees--
Change from FY 2020 PB to FY 2021 PB).
    The USPTO, as a fully fee-funded agency, retains an operating 
reserve to ensure sufficient financial resources are available to 
support and promote public confidence in the U.S. IP system. The 
operating reserve enables the USPTO to maintain operations by absorbing 
and responding to immediate and temporary changes in its economic and 
operating environments or circumstances, such as unexpected economic 
downturns, reducing the risk for short-term financial actions and 
providing the security for long-term strategic investments, such as IT 
development projects that are crucial to operations and customer 
support. An adequate operating reserve also allows the USPTO to 
continue serving its users in the event of a short-term lapse in 
congressional appropriations or a sudden economic downturn. Trademark 
filings exhibit a strong connection to domestic and global economic 
activity, responding quickly to economic shocks, as experienced in the 
2001-2002 and 2009 recessions and most recently in 2020. The operating 
reserve is the primary tool to mitigate the sudden impact of these 
unforeseen events.
    Another fee setting goal of this rulemaking is to set individual 
fees to further key IP protection policy objectives while taking into 
account the cost of a particular service. The USPTO seeks to enhance 
trademark protection for IP rights holders by offering application-
processing options and promoting IP protection strategies.
    Aligning fees with costs: The first fee setting policy 
consideration is to set and adjust trademark fees to more closely align 
those fees with the costs of providing the relevant services. The 
overall goal is to achieve total cost recovery from fee collections for 
trademark and TTAB operations, including associated administrative 
services. In determining which fees to set or adjust, this proposed 
rule targets changes to the category of fees where the gap between the 
cost of the service and the current fee rate is the greatest, and 
addresses policy objectives. Application filing fees, petition fees, 
and TTAB fees do not fully cover the costs of processing and 
examination for those services. Instead, these costs are recovered or 
subsidized from fees paid for intent-to-use and post-registration 
maintenance filings that return more than the costs of processing such 
filings. For example, using FY 2019 earned revenue compared to costs or 
expenses, application filing fees recovered 65% of expenses, petition 
(trademark processing) fees recovered 50% of expenses, and TTAB fees 
recovered just 31% of expenses (see Table 3).

                            Table 3--Earned Revenue vs. Expense by Trademark Product
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                                                                                                 Earned revenue
                                           FY 2019 earned                                        vs. expense or
           Trademark products                  revenue       FY 2019 expense  FY 2019 variance    cost recovery
                                                                                                       (%)
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Application Filings.....................      $190,457,284      $291,678,207    ($101,220,923)                65
Intent to Use/Use Fees..................        49,885,175        17,154,805        32,730,370               291
Trademark Processing Fees...............         2,619,600         5,212,800       (2,593,200)                50
Maintaining Exclusive Rights............        79,942,987        13,991,853        65,951,134               571
Madrid Protocol.........................         4,294,675         1,006,834         3,287,841               427
Other Trademark Fees....................        10,571,283         8,902,431         1,668,852               119
Trademark Trial and Appeal Board........         8,452,900        27,633,083      (19,180,183)                31
                                         -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    Total...............................       346,223,905       365,580,013      (19,356,109)  ................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The proposed fee schedule would increase the percentage of fee 
revenues for application filings by 21%, for petition filings by 101%, 
and for TTAB filings by 58% overall, thereby increasing the cost 
recovery for these services (see Table 4). If the proposed fee schedule 
were implemented, based on the assumptions found in the FY

[[Page 37044]]

2021 Congressional Justification, the USPTO projects that trademark fee 
collections in total would increase by an average of 21% per year, or 
$77 million, to $92 million per year over the five-year planning period 
as compared to the baseline (see Table 5).

                               Table 4--Increase in Cumulative Revenue, by Product
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                                                             Projected cumulative revenue, FY
                                                                         2021-2025
                    Trademark products                     ------------------------------------   Increase (%)
                                                               Current fee
                                                            rates (baseline)   NPRM fee rates
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Application Filings.......................................    $1,078,986,925    $1,300,666,600                21
Maintaining Exclusive Rights..............................       517,806,550       659,008,548                27
Intent to Use/Use.........................................       292,887,325       292,887,325                 0
Madrid....................................................        29,201,550        42,258,078                45
TTAB......................................................        52,602,400        83,164,508                58
Petition..................................................        17,508,400        35,147,450               101
Other Processing Fees.....................................        58,391,905        58,391,905                 0
                                                           -----------------------------------------------------
    Total.................................................     2,047,385,055     2,471,524,413                21
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                                     Table 5--Annual Increases in Aggregate Revenue
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              FY 2021         FY 2022         FY 2023         FY 2024         FY 2025         Average
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Aggregate Revenue--Baseline.............................    $367,001,856    $390,327,171    $412,360,921    $430,391,196    $447,303,911    $409,477,011
Aggregate Revenue--NPRM.................................    $443,946,233    $471,660,715    $497,754,151    $519,026,516    $539,136,798    $494,304,883
$ Increase..............................................     $76,944,377     $81,333,544     $85,393,230     $88,635,320     $91,832,887     $84,827,872
% Increase..............................................           21.0%           20.8%           20.7%           20.6%           20.5%           20.7%
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Estimated revenues are based on adjustments made from public 
comments included in this rulemaking.
    Protecting the integrity of the trademark register: The second fee 
setting policy consideration is to set or adjust fees to improve the 
accuracy of the trademark register. The accuracy of the trademark 
register as a reflection of marks that are actually in use in commerce 
in the U.S. for the goods/services identified in the registrations 
listed therein serves a critical purpose for the public and for all 
registrants. An accurate register allows the public to rely on the 
register to determine potential trademark rights. By registering 
trademarks, the USPTO has a significant role in protecting consumers, 
as well as providing important benefits to American businesses, by 
allowing them to strengthen and safeguard their brands and related 
investments. The public relies on the register to determine whether a 
chosen mark is available for use or registration. When a person's 
search of the register discloses a potentially confusingly similar 
mark, that person may incur a variety of resulting costs and burdens, 
such as those associated with investigating the actual use of the 
disclosed mark to assess any conflict, initiating proceedings to cancel 
the registration or oppose the application of the disclosed mark, 
engaging in civil litigation to resolve a dispute over the mark, or 
changing business plans to avoid the use of that person's chosen mark. 
In addition, such persons may incur costs and burdens unnecessarily if 
a registered mark is not actually in use in commerce in the U.S. or is 
not in use in commerce in connection with all the goods/services 
identified in the registration. An accurate and reliable trademark 
register helps avoid such needless costs and burdens.
    This proposed rule sets and adjusts fees to encourage actions by 
trademark filers that help facilitate more efficient processing and the 
prompt conclusion of application prosecution by assessing fees for 
requests for reconsideration filed more than three months after a final 
Office action and for second and subsequent extension requests to file 
appeal briefs. In addition, filings that may result in a less accurate 
register, including post-registration filings to maintain registrations 
that may include goods or services for which the mark is no longer in 
use, are among those filings targeted under this objective. The new fee 
structure for requests for reconsideration and requests to delete 
goods, services, and/or classes from a registration would protect the 
integrity of the register and the efficiency of the process by 
incentivizing both more timely filings and proactive action by 
applicants and registrants. The increased efficiencies realized through 
the proposed rule will benefit all applicants and registrants by 
allowing registrations to be granted sooner and more efficiently by 
removing unused marks and unsupported goods and services from the 
register.
    Improving the efficiency of USPTO processes: The third fee setting 
policy consideration pertains to improving the efficiency of the 
trademark and TTAB processes. To that end, this proposed rule targets 
changes to fees that will administratively improve application and 
appeal processing by incentivizing more complete and timely filings and 
prosecution. For example, TEAS Plus, the lowest-cost TEAS application 
filing option, has more stringent initial application requirements and 
thus tends to result in a more complete application, which expedites 
processing, shortens pendency, minimizes manual processing and the 
potential for data-entry errors, and is thus more efficient for both 
the filer and the USPTO. While the per-class fee for TEAS Plus would 
increase by $25 to $250 under this proposal, the per-class fee for TEAS 
Standard, which has less stringent initial application requirements, is 
proposed to increase by $75 to $350, resulting in a difference of $100 
in the per-class fees of the respective filing options (double the 
current difference of $50), providing an increased financial incentive 
to choose the TEAS Plus filing option.
    Ensuring financial sustainability to facilitate effective trademark 
operations: The fourth fee setting policy consideration pertains to 
ensuring

[[Page 37045]]

sufficient revenue to recover the aggregate costs of trademark 
operations in future years. Additional fees are necessary to fund the 
multi-year project to upgrade IT systems and infrastructure, while also 
maintaining a sufficient operating reserve balance to ensure 
sustainable funding that will mitigate the risk of unplanned financial 
disruptions that could threaten operations and planned investments. 
Operating reserves are intended to mitigate operational risk caused by 
a lack of financial resources. The USPTO defines an optimal balance and 
a minimum acceptable balance for each operating reserve--the patent 
operating reserve and the trademark operating reserve. The optimal 
balances set the goal for building and maintaining the operating 
reserves. The optimal trademark reserve has been determined to be six 
months of operating or budgetary requirements based on a review of 
environmental risk factors and financial volatility. Risks related to 
spending and fee collections are analyzed, considering the likelihood 
and consequence of each and its impact to financial stability, in 
determining the optimal reserve levels.
    An increase in fees will provide a stable financial foundation to 
fulfill the USPTO mission and maintain performance. The budgetary 
requirements of the USPTO are comprised of substantial fixed costs, 
which may require increased fee rates to ensure revenue sufficient to 
recover aggregate costs. The trademark fee schedule proposed here, 
based on the assumptions found in the FY 2021 Congressional 
Justification, will produce sufficient revenue to recover the aggregate 
costs of trademark and TTAB operations, including executing USPTO 
strategic goals, policy objectives, and initiatives in FY 2020 and 
beyond; creating a better and fairer cost-recovery system that balances 
subsidizing costs to encourage broader usage of IP rights-protection 
mechanisms and participation by more trademark owners; promoting a 
strong incentive for more efficient filing behaviors; and protecting 
the federal trademark register as a reliable indicator of marks in use 
in commerce. The projections of aggregate revenues and costs are based 
on point-in-time estimates and assumptions that are subject to change. 
There is considerable uncertainty in estimating both fee collections 
and budgetary requirements in ordinary times, and even more so now. In 
addition to the pandemic, a number of other risks could materialize 
(e.g., even lower applications volumes, decreased renewals, the 
recompetitions of major contracts, lease renewals, changing assumptions 
about Presidentially authorized or congressionally mandated employee 
pay raises, etc.) that could change the USPTO's budgetary outlook. 
These estimates are refreshed annually in the formulation of the 
USPTO's Budget, and the USPTO continues to gain new data as the 
pandemic unfolds. As noted above, in addition to these dynamics 
factors, the budgetary requirements of the USPTO are comprised of 
substantial fixed costs, which could also influence increased fee rates 
to ensure aggregate revenue recovers aggregate costs.
    Individual fee rationale: Based on the assumptions found in the FY 
2021 Congressional Justification, the USPTO projects the aggregate 
revenue generated from current and proposed trademark fees will recover 
the prospective aggregate costs of its trademark and TTAB operations 
and associated administrative services. However, each individual 
proposed fee is not set at an amount equal to the estimated cost of 
performing the activities related to the fee. Instead, as described 
above, some of the proposed fees are set to address increases in 
budgetary requirements as well as balance several key policy factors, 
and executing these policy factors through the trademark fee schedule 
is consistent with the goals and objectives outlined in the Strategic 
Plan. Once the cost recovery and key policy objectives are considered, 
fees are set at, above, or below individual cost-recovery levels for 
the service provided. Additional details on the cost methodologies used 
to derive the historical fee unit expenses can be found in ``USPTO Fee 
Setting--Activity Based Information and Trademark Fee Unit Expense 
Methodology'' at http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.
    Trademark application filing fees: This proposed rule would 
increase all application filing fees by varying amounts. The filing fee 
for a paper trademark application would increase by $150, from $600 per 
class to $750 per class. The TEAS Plus application filing fee would 
increase by $25, from $225 per class to $250 per class. The TEAS 
Standard application filing fee would increase by $75, from $275 per 
class to $350 per class. The fee for filing an application under 
section 66(a) of the Act would increase by $100, from the equivalent of 
$400 per class, as paid in Swiss francs, to the equivalent of $500 per 
class, as paid in Swiss francs.
    Also proposed is a decrease of the processing fee from $125 to $100 
per class for failure to meet the filing requirements under Sec.  
2.22(a) for a TEAS Plus application. Thus, if the processing fee is 
required in a TEAS Plus application, the resulting per-class fee would 
equal the per-class fee for a TEAS Standard application. If a decrease 
in the processing fee were not enacted, the per-class fee for an 
application initially filed as TEAS Plus would exceed the fee for TEAS 
Standard, creating a disincentive to choose TEAS Plus, which, as noted 
above, tends to be more efficient for both filers and the USPTO.
    Fees for paper trademark filings: This proposed rule maintains the 
cost differential for all paper filings to better align fees with 
costs, with all trademark processing fees for paper filings set $100 to 
$200 higher than the corresponding electronic filing fees (per class, 
when applicable). Overall, it is more costly for the USPTO to process 
paper filings than electronic filings, and that cost is not recovered 
by the current fees for paper filings. Raising the fees for paper 
filings will help offset the higher processing costs and move the USPTO 
closer to total cost recovery.
    At present, most filings are submitted electronically. For example, 
in FY 2019, less than 0.02% of initial applications were filed on 
paper. Moreover, a final rule published on July 31, 2019 (84 FR 37081), 
which became effective on February 15, 2020 (84 FR 69330), requires all 
applicants, registrants, and parties to TTAB proceedings to file 
electronically through TEAS all trademark applications based on section 
1 and/or section 44 of the Act, 15 U.S.C. 1051, 1126, and all 
submissions filed with the USPTO concerning applications or 
registrations, with limited exceptions. Thus, an increase to paper 
filing fees would have no impact on the vast majority of applicants and 
registrants who are required to file documents electronically.
    Other trademark processing fees: The USPTO also proposes to 
increase certain other trademark processing fees to further key policy 
goals. This proposed rule sets out increases to the fees for petitions 
to the Director as well as section 8 and section 71 affidavits. In 
addition, this proposed rule sets new fees and procedural regulations 
for filing a letter of protest and new fees for filing a request for 
reconsideration more than three months after a final Office action, and 
for deleting goods, services, and/or classes from a registration after 
submission and prior to acceptance of a section 8 or section 71 
affidavit.
    (1) Petitions to the Director in trademark matters: The USPTO 
proposes to establish two levels of fees for petitions. This proposed 
rule would increase the current fee for filing a

[[Page 37046]]

petition to the Director for petitions filed under Sec. Sec.  2.146 or 
2.147. It would also establish a separate fee for petitions to revive 
filed under Sec.  2.66 that would be less than the fee for petitions 
filed under Sec. Sec.  2.146 or 2.147. The proposed fees are intended 
to facilitate effective trademark operations. The fee for 
electronically filing a petition to the Director under Sec. Sec.  2.146 
or 2.147 would increase from $100 to $250, and the fee for filing on 
paper would increase from $200 to $350. The fee for electronically 
filing a petition to revive an abandoned application under Sec.  2.66 
would increase from $100 to $150, and the fee for filing on paper would 
increase from $200 to $250.
    Generally, petitions under Sec.  2.146 extend the trademark 
registration and post-registration processes by introducing additional 
processing and examination into the timeline, which may lead to 
applications and registration maintenance documents remaining pending 
for longer periods of time, potentially blocking others. By increasing 
fees for these filings, the USPTO would discourage misuse of the 
process through unnecessary filings that delay prosecution of an 
application or registration maintenance document. The comments provided 
in the TPAC report received by the USPTO also generally supported the 
increases to the fees for petitions to the Director under Sec.  2.146 
and a smaller increase for petitions under Sec.  2.66.
    (2) Section 8 or section 71 affidavits: Fees from post-registration 
filings have historically been set to recover more than the costs of 
processing the filings. The fees are used to offset cost recovery for 
application processing and examination as well as TTAB proceedings and 
appeals. In general, fewer post-registration maintenance filings are 
made by pro se and foreign registrants. Compounding this issue, pro se 
and foreign owners comprise a growing share of new applicants. Based on 
recent pre-pandemic trends, the overall percentage of registrations 
being maintained is decreasing. Therefore, the USPTO anticipates that 
it will face a continuing decrease in revenue from maintenance filings 
going forward if adjustments are not made. Increasing fees for section 
8 and section 71 affidavits is necessary to continue to provide cost-
recovery offsets and allow other fees to remain below their individual 
unit costs.
    Increased fees are also proposed for these filings in part because 
of the post-registration audit program, which was implemented as a 
result of the 2012 Post-Registration Proof-of-Use Pilot Program. During 
the pilot program, section 8 or section 71 affidavits for 500 
registrations were reviewed as to actual use of the marks in connection 
with the goods and/or services identified in the registrations in order 
to assess the accuracy and integrity of the trademark register. The 
findings of the pilot program demonstrated a need for ongoing measures 
for additional review of these filings on a permanent basis. Since 
codifying the authority to require additional information and evidence 
concerning the use of registered marks in connection with section 8 and 
71 maintenance filings in 2017 (82 FR 6259), the USPTO has conducted 
additional reviews of the actual use of the marks in 8,276 section 8 or 
section 71 affidavits through January 1, 2020. In more than 50% of the 
registrations undergoing the additional review, the registrations have 
either been removed from the register or had goods or services deleted, 
resulting in a more accurate trademark register. The proposed fee 
increases would support the cost of this additional review.
    (3) Letters of protest in trademark applications: The USPTO 
proposes a new $50 fee for filing a letter of protest. A letter of 
protest allows a third party to bring to the attention of the USPTO 
evidence bearing on the registrability of a mark in a pending 
application. The letter-of-protest procedure exists for the 
administrative convenience of the Office and is not a substitute for 
the statutory opposition and cancellation procedures available to third 
parties who believe they would be damaged by registration of the 
involved mark. It is intended to aid in examination without causing 
undue delay and without compromising the integrity and objectivity of 
the ex parte examination process, which involves only the applicant and 
the Office. For this reason, the protestor is not permitted to submit 
legal arguments, contact the examining attorney assigned to the subject 
application, or participate in any Office proceedings relating to the 
protest or the application to which it is directed. The limited 
involvement of the third party ends with the filing of the protest. The 
questions of whether or not evidence is relevant to a refusal ground 
appropriate in ex parte examination, a refusal should be made, or a 
registration will issue are matters for the Office to determine during 
the ex parte examination process that occurs between the applicant and 
the Office acting on behalf of the public.
    Filing a letter of protest currently requires no fee, but the 
Office incurs costs associated with the work of reviewing and 
processing each letter. The filing volume for letters of protest has 
steadily increased in recent years, with the USPTO receiving 2,726 in 
FY 2017, 3,480 in FY 2018, and 4,106 in FY 2019. Thus, letters of 
protest continue to generate increasing additional expenses, and under 
the current schedule where letters can be filed without any fee, these 
expenses would likely only increase in the future.
    Many preliminary commenters expressed concerns about this proposed 
fee, noting that letters of protest provide a valuable service to the 
USPTO and should not be discouraged by requiring a fee for submission. 
The USPTO recognizes that, in many cases, letters of protest assist the 
Office in obtaining evidence to support refusals of registration, 
helping to avoid marks that are ineligible for registration being 
placed on the trademark register. Currently, all letters of protest 
must be reviewed in accordance with the procedures set out in TMEP 
Sec.  1715 to determine whether: (1) The issue raised is an appropriate 
subject for a letter of protest; (2) the protest was submitted before 
or after publication of the subject application; (3) the nature, 
amount, and format of the evidence complies with the requirements set 
out in the TMEP; and (4) the submitted evidence meets the relevant 
standard for entry in the record and review by the examining attorney. 
If the letter of protest is filed before publication of the subject 
application, the evidence must be relevant to the identified ground(s) 
for refusal, and the entry of evidence into the application record 
merely serves to bring the submitted evidence to the attention of the 
examining attorney, who determines whether a refusal or requirement 
should be raised or ultimately made final. If the letter of protest is 
filed on the date of, or within 30 days after, publication of the 
subject application, the evidence must establish a prima facie case for 
refusal on the identified ground(s), such that failure to issue a 
refusal would likely result in the issuance of a registration in 
violation of the Act or regulations under parts 2 or 7 of this section.
    In FY 2019, the evidence in approximately 25% of pre-publication 
letters of protest and 94% of post-publication letters of protest was 
not forwarded to the examining attorney. This suggests that a 
significant portion of filings do not contain relevant information or 
evidence, or are otherwise unnecessary. These filings generate 
additional costs without a corresponding benefit.
    Seeking to balance the commenters' concerns with the need to 
recover some costs, the proposed fee of $50 is set at a level high 
enough to partially offset processing costs and deter the filing of

[[Page 37047]]

unsupported or irrelevant filings, but low enough so as not to 
discourage the filing of relevant, well-supported letters of protest. 
This fee level is also consistent with the TPAC recommendations in that 
it falls within the $20 to $100 fee range suggested by the TPAC report.
    In connection with this proposed fee, the USPTO also proposes a new 
regulatory section, at 37 CFR 2.149, which sets out the procedures for 
letters of protest. The new regulatory section is based on the existing 
longstanding procedures for letters of protest, which are currently set 
forth in the TMEP, with appropriate modifications that more closely 
align the procedures with those for similar third-party submissions and 
protests in patent applications under 37 CFR 1.290 and 1.291 and as set 
out in MPEP Sec. Sec.  1134 and 1901. This action is being undertaken 
at this time due to the rising volume of letters of protest in recent 
years, which has resulted in the need to codify procedures for 
submission of such protests in the regulations.
    Under the procedures set forth in the proposed regulatory text at 
Sec.  2.149, a letter of protest must be timely filed through TEAS and 
must include: (1) The proposed fee; (2) the serial number of the 
pending application that is the subject of the protest; (3) an itemized 
evidence index that includes identification of the documents, or 
portions of documents, being submitted as evidence and a concise 
factual statement of the relevant grounds for refusal of registration 
appropriate in ex parte examination that each identified item supports; 
and (4) a clear and legible copy of the supporting evidence identified 
in the evidence index. As noted above, if the letter of protest is 
filed before publication of the subject application, the evidence must 
be relevant to the identified ground(s) for refusal. If filed on or 
within 30 days after publication of the subject application, the 
evidence must establish a prima facie case for refusal on the 
identified grounds, such that failure to issue a refusal or make a 
requirement would likely result in issuance of a registration in 
violation of the Act or regulations under parts 2 or 7 of this section.
    The letter-of-protest process is intended to provide an opportunity 
for the protestor to efficiently and effectively provide relevant 
evidence in support of the proposed legal grounds for refusing 
registration of the application identified in the submission. It is 
inappropriate for the protestor to ``dump'' evidence and leave it to 
the Office to determine its possible relevance. Therefore, an index is 
required for all submissions listing the documents submitted as 
evidence and the ground(s) for refusal each item of evidence supports. 
In addition, the proposed procedures also require that the submission 
not total more than 10 items of evidence in support of a specified 
ground of refusal and more than 75 total pages of evidence without a 
detailed and sufficient explanation that establishes the special 
circumstances that necessitate providing more than 10 items of evidence 
per refusal ground or more than 75 total pages of evidence. This 
requirement encourages the submission of evidence that is succinct, not 
duplicative, and limited to the most relevant evidence. It should be a 
rare situation in which more than 10 items of evidence or 75 total 
pages of evidence is necessary to support the proposed legal grounds 
for refusal. However, some examples of situations that might constitute 
such special circumstances are when: (1) A subject application includes 
multiple classes and the protestor needs to provide evidence of 
relatedness of the goods/services for all classes in the application; 
(2) evidence submitted to support a refusal for descriptiveness 
consists of fewer than 10 discrete items, but each item comprises 
multiple pages, totaling more than 75 pages; or (3) a protestor raises 
more than one ground for refusal and the evidence necessary to support 
all grounds raised totals more than 10 items or 75 pages.
    A letter of protest submitted by a third party is not made part of 
the application record to preserve the ex parte nature of examination. 
If the USPTO determines that the submission complies with the proposed 
regulations, only the specified grounds for refusal and the provided 
evidence relevant to the grounds for refusal would be included in the 
application record for consideration by the examining attorney. A third 
party filing a letter of protest will not receive any communication 
from the USPTO relating to the submission other than acknowledgement 
that it has been received by the Office and notification of whether the 
submission is found to be compliant or non-compliant. Also, the Office 
will not accept amendments to a non-compliant submission that was 
previously filed or requests to reconsider a compliance determination. 
Rather, the third party may submit a new letter of protest that is 
compliant if the time period for submitting a letter of protest has not 
closed. A protestor does not, by the mere filing of a protest, obtain a 
``right'' to argue the protest before the Office. As noted above, the 
questions of whether or not evidence is relevant to a refusal ground 
appropriate in ex parte examination, a refusal will be made, or a 
registration will issue are matters for the Office to determine as part 
of the ex parte examination process that occurs between the applicant 
and the Office acting on behalf of the public. Therefore, the proposed 
procedures also provide that: (1) The Office's determination whether to 
include submitted evidence in the record of an application would be 
final and non-petitionable, (2) the limited involvement of the third 
party ends with the filing of the letter of protest, and (3) the third 
party may not directly contact the examining attorney assigned to the 
application.
    (4) Requests for reconsideration in trademark applications: The 
USPTO proposes a new fee for a request for reconsideration filed more 
than three months, but within six months, after the issue date of a 
final action or with a petition to revive an abandoned application. The 
proposed fee is $400 for a TEAS submission and $500 for a paper 
submission. No fee would be incurred for requests filed within three 
months of the issue date of a final action.
    As noted above, a request for reconsideration is a document filed 
within six months of the issue date of a final action that responds to 
the outstanding refusals or requirements. In some cases, it may also be 
filed with a petition to revive an application abandoned for failure to 
respond to a final action within the six-month response period. In such 
cases, the request for reconsideration would be filed more than six 
months after the issue date of the final action. It also includes an 
applicant's request to the TTAB, filed within six months of the issue 
date of a final action, whether filed with or after a notice of appeal 
and whether it is denominated as a request for reconsideration or is 
captioned as something else, such as a request for remand (see TMEP 
Sec.  709.05 and TBMP Sec.  1209.04). In some cases, multiple requests 
are filed. Examining attorneys must review the request(s) for 
reconsideration and take appropriate action, which frequently involves 
issuing a subsequent Office action that discusses any new evidence 
submitted with the request. In some circumstances, Office procedure 
requires the examining attorney to issue a new refusal, with a new six-
month response deadline.
    Because requests for reconsideration require additional 
examination, they generate additional costs for the USPTO. In addition, 
requests for reconsideration

[[Page 37048]]

lengthen the examination process, thereby increasing overall 
examination pendency, particularly when filed later in the response 
period or after the filing of a notice of appeal and prior to the 
expiration of six months from the issue date of the final action. The 
proposed fee is intended to recover costs associated with requests for 
reconsideration and encourage applicants to submit these filings 
earlier in the response period for the final action.
    The TPAC report expressed concerns that the proposed fee was too 
high and could discourage the filing of requests for reconsideration, 
which often resolve issues and avoid the need for an appeal. The TPAC 
report therefore suggested that the Office consider not charging a fee 
for requests filed within three months of the final Office action. The 
USPTO has considered and adopted the suggestion from the TPAC report.
    (5) Deletion of goods, services, and/or classes from registrations: 
The USPTO initially proposed fees for each good or service deleted as a 
result of a post-registration audit or an adverse TTAB finding of $200 
if submitted on paper or $100 if submitted through TEAS. The TPAC 
report expressed concerns regarding how the fees would be assessed 
because it could be difficult to determine what is a separate good or 
service in some situations, and some registrants with extensive goods 
and services could potentially be assessed onerous fees to delete 
specific goods or services within a class. The TPAC report supported a 
fee for the deletion of goods or services as a result of a post-
registration audit if the proposed fees were charged per each class in 
which goods or services are deleted. The report also supported a no-fee 
option for voluntarily cancelling goods or services from a registration 
at any time prior to an audit. The TPAC report did not support the 
proposed new fees following an adverse TTAB finding, stating that it 
would be unclear when the fee would apply and how it would be 
implemented.
    Currently, amendments to registrations may be made by filing a 
section 7 request for amendment or correction of a registration for 
$100, if submitted through TEAS, or $200, if filed on paper. After 
consideration of the TPAC response, the USPTO proposes to set a $0 fee 
for a section 7 request that is filed through TEAS prior to the 
submission of a section 8 or section 71 affidavit and consists only of 
a request to delete specified goods, services, and/or classes. As noted 
above, no additional fee would be incurred for section 8 or section 71 
affidavits that specify fewer than all of the goods or services listed 
in the registration when the affidavit is filed, which results in the 
deletion of goods or services not included in the affidavit from the 
registration. However, if goods, services, and/or classes are deleted 
in a section 7 request, a response to Office action, or a voluntary 
amendment filed after submission and prior to acceptance of a section 8 
or section 71 affidavit, the USPTO proposes a new fee of $250 per 
class, if filed through TEAS, or $350 per class, if a paper filing is 
permitted, for deleting goods, services, and/or classes from the 
registration.
    The proposed no-fee option would be available to, and the $250 (or 
$350) per-class fee would be assessed against, all registrants. Thus, 
they are not related to a post-registration proof-of-use audit or a 
TTAB finding. The proposals are intended to improve the accuracy and 
integrity of the register by encouraging all registrants to proactively 
perform sufficient due diligence before filing a section 8 or section 
71 affidavit to determine the goods, services, and/or classes for which 
the registered mark is no longer in use and delete them from the 
registration.
    TTAB fees: The Office proposes to set or adjust 16 TTAB-related 
fees: 10 fees would be increased for initiating a proceeding, and six 
new filing fees would be established. The TTAB would also obtain 
discretion to grant a refund of a portion of the filing fee for a 
petition to cancel.
    (1) Existing fees at the TTAB: In an attempt to address better 
alignment of fees with the costs of providing TTAB services, the 
initial fee proposal presented to the TPAC included an across-the-board 
increase in TTAB fees for petitions for cancellation, notices of 
opposition, and ex parte appeals of $200 per class. The TPAC report 
generally supported an increase in filing fees for petitions to cancel 
and notices of opposition on the basis that the proposed increases are 
justified on a cost-recovery rationale, noting the high average unit 
cost for these proceedings. The TPAC report and some commenters 
observed that many petitions to cancel and notices of opposition are 
decided by default judgment. Commenters objecting to the preliminary 
proposed fee increase for petitions to cancel expressed their belief 
that the increase could deter filings based on abandonment or nonuse, 
which would impact the USPTO's objective of removing marks from the 
trademark register that are no longer being used.
    In consideration of these observations, the Office proposes an 
increase of $200 per class for petitions for cancellation and notices 
of opposition. The Office also proposes to amend Sec.  2.114(a) to 
allow the USPTO discretion to refund a portion of the petition fee in 
cases of default judgment where there is no appearance by a defendant 
and no filings are made other than the petition to cancel, reflecting 
reduced work needed on the part of the TTAB; consequently, this amount 
is in excess of that required to offset TTAB costs. The resulting lower 
net fee for a petition to cancel that meets these characteristics also 
furthers the policy goal of not discouraging the filing of petitions to 
cancel by petitioners with knowledge that a registered mark is no 
longer in use, or was never put to use, and therefore should be removed 
from the register. The refund would be in the amount of $200. Compared 
to cancellation proceedings, an opposition is less likely to be 
determined by default judgment based on abandonment or nonuse, because 
the applicants involved tend to be actively engaged with the USPTO 
through the examination process up to the opposition, and the Office is 
not proposing to allow for refunds concerning notices of opposition.
    The TPAC report expressed some concern about the preliminary 
proposed increase for filing a notice of ex parte appeal, noting that, 
for various reasons, many appeals are resolved before an appeal brief 
is filed. Some commenters expressed their belief that the proposed 
increase would negatively impact small businesses and individuals. In 
consideration of the comments, the Office herein proposes to increase 
the filing fees for a notice of appeal to $325 per class if filed on 
paper and $225 per class if filed through ESTTA, which is a $25 
increase (rather than the $200 increase to both fees in the preliminary 
proposal).
    Fee increases are proposed for filing requests for an extension of 
time to file an opposition. Under the current structure, applicants may 
request: (1) An initial 30-day extension for no fee, (2) a subsequent 
60-day extension for a fee of $100 for electronic filings and $200 for 
paper filings, and (3) a final 60-day extension for a fee of $200 for 
electronic filings and $300 for paper filings. The Office proposes to 
maintain this tiered structure with an increase of $100 for the first 
60-day electronic extension and $200 for the final 60-day electronic 
extension. Paper-filed extension requests are proposed to increase by 
$200 for each filing. The current and proposed filing fees are per 
application, not per class.
    These proposed fees are designed to yield efficiencies by 
encouraging

[[Page 37049]]

potential opposers to make decisions regarding filing an opposition 
sooner, thus reducing delays to applicants whose filings have been made 
the subject of extensions of time to oppose. Additionally, by 
encouraging earlier decisions to initiate proceedings, the uncertainty 
experienced by these applicants will be ameliorated by having their 
applications proceed to determination on the merits sooner. This should 
also help to protect the integrity of the trademark register by 
encouraging timely decisions and filings to ensure that the rights of 
other applicants and the public are not adversely affected.
    The TPAC report expressed some concerns over the proposed increase 
in these fees, noting that extension fees were implemented about three 
years prior and that raising them may result in a higher number of 
oppositions being filed because the decision is rushed. Some commenters 
were concerned that the proposed increases would impact smaller 
entities and deter parties from working to settle prior to filing a 
notice of opposition. Given that the USPTO also proposes increasing the 
fee for the notice of opposition, the USPTO believes that the proposed 
fees for extensions of time to oppose should encourage earlier 
calculated decisions based on all of the available information, 
including fees. Furthermore, the tiered fee structure reduces the 
likelihood of potential opposers using the extensions merely to delay 
registration of pending applications.
    Approximately two-thirds of the cost of TTAB operations is 
subsidized currently by revenue from other trademark processing fees. 
The proposed increases in these TTAB fees will not recover the full 
costs of TTAB operations but will increase revenues by 7% to bring fees 
closer to the costs in order to provide better alignment between costs 
and fees and bring the TTAB closer to full cost recovery. In general, 
the TPAC commenters supported most of the proposed fee increases with 
some modification because of the recognized costs for processing and 
the cost differential.
    Finally, these fees will help offset TTAB processing costs. In FY 
2019, the USPTO received 20,502 requests for extensions of time to file 
a notice of opposition. It is customary for requests that delay 
processing of records, such as extensions, to incur a fee, which 
offsets costs associated with processing the filing, as well as the 
overall cost of processing appeals and trials. These fees are necessary 
to help attain primary Office goals of recovering the aggregate costs 
of operations, along with key policy considerations, such as 
encouraging efficient processing.
    (2) Fees for filing an appeal brief at the TTAB: The Office 
proposes an increase in the fee for filing a notice of appeal of $25 
per class, based on inflation, and the establishment of new fees for 
filing an appeal brief of $300 per class if filed on paper and $200 per 
class if filed through ESTTA. In its initial proposal submitted to the 
TPAC, the Office had proposed raising the current fees for filing a 
notice of appeal to the TTAB by $200 per class and also instituting new 
fees for filing briefs in a notice of appeal. The TPAC supported 
maintaining the current fees for filing a notice of appeal and the 
proposed new fees for filing an appeal brief. This modification 
addresses the TPAC report recommendations to apply the majority of the 
aggregate increases in appeal fees to the costs incurred when an appeal 
brief is filed, which increases the likelihood that the appeal will 
have to be decided on the merits.
    (3) Fees for filing requests for extension of time to file an 
appeal brief at the TTAB: New fees are proposed for second and 
subsequent requests for extensions of time to file an appeal brief. The 
proposed fees are $200 per application if filed on paper and $100 per 
application if filed through ESTTA. No fee is proposed for a first 
request for extension of time to file an appeal brief.
    In its report on the initial proposal, the TPAC expressed support 
for the proposed new fees. Some commenters objected to the proposed new 
fees, expressing their belief that minimal USPTO resources are required 
to process such requests and that they increase the overall costs to 
smaller entities. These proposed fees yield efficiencies by encouraging 
applicants to move forward with their appeals, resulting in a quicker 
resolution of the appeal, the pendency of which can adversely impact 
the rights of other applicants and registrants. Implementing a two-
tiered fee structure minimizes costs to smaller entities, as there is 
no fee for a first request for extension of time to file the appeal 
brief.
    (4) Fees for oral hearing at the TTAB: A new fee is proposed for a 
request for an oral hearing. The proposed fee is $500 per proceeding.
    In its report on the initial proposal, the TPAC expressed support 
for the proposed new fee, noting that the TTAB incurs significant costs 
in conducting oral hearings and all users subsidize the few parties 
requesting oral hearings. Some commenters opposed the fee due to the 
impact on small businesses and individuals. Oral hearings are not 
requested in the vast majority of cases before the TTAB. They are 
optional and are most useful when cases involve complex issues, a 
complex record, or highly technical goods and services. The proposed 
fee would help offset the costs of scheduling and conducting the 
hearing, as well as the maintenance of equipment for remote 
participation.

Discussion of Proposed Rule Changes

    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(1)(i) to increase the 
per-class fee for filing an initial application on paper from $600 to 
$750.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(1)(ii) to increase the 
per-class fee for filing an application under section 66(a) of the Act 
from $400 to $500.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(1)(iii) to increase the 
per-class fee for filing a TEAS Standard application from $275 to $350.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(1)(iv) to increase the 
per-class fee for filing a TEAS Plus application from $225 to $250.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(1)(v) to decrease the 
processing fee under Sec.  2.22(c) from $125 to $100 per class.
    The USPTO proposes to add Sec.  2.6(a)(11)(iii) to establish a fee 
of $0 for filing a section 7 request to amend a registration through 
TEAS prior to submission of a section 8 or section 71 affidavit and 
that consists only of the deletion of goods, services, and/or classes.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(12)(i) and (ii) to 
increase the per-class fee for filing a section 8 affidavit from $225 
to $325 for a paper submission and from $125 to $225 for a TEAS 
submission.
    The USPTO proposes to add Sec.  2.6(a)(12)(iii) and (iv) to 
establish fees for the deletion of goods, services, and/or classes 
after submission and prior to acceptance of a section 8 affidavit. The 
proposed Sec.  2.6(a)(12)(iii) and (iv) set the per-class fee at $350 
for a paper submission and $250 for a TEAS submission.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(15) to establish separate 
fees for petitions to the Director under Sec. Sec.  2.146 or 2.147 and 
petitions to revive an abandoned application under Sec.  2.66. The 
proposed revisions to Sec.  2.6(a)(15)(i) and (ii) set the fee for 
filing a petition to the Director under Sec. Sec.  2.146 or 2.147 at 
$350 for a paper submission and $250 for a TEAS submission. The 
proposed addition of Sec.  2.6(a)(15)(iii) and (iv) set the fee for 
filing a petition to revive an abandoned application under Sec.  2.66 
at

[[Page 37050]]

$250 for a paper submission and $150 for a TEAS submission.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(16)(i) and (ii) to 
increase the per-class fee for filing a petition to cancel from $500 to 
$700 for a paper submission and from $400 to $600 for an ESTTA 
submission.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(17)(i) and (ii) to 
increase the per-class fee for filing a notice of opposition from $500 
to $700 for a paper submission and from $400 to $600 for an ESTTA 
submission.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(18) to increase the fee 
for filing an ex parte appeal and to establish new fees for requests 
for an extension of time to file an appeal brief and for filing a brief 
in an ex parte appeal. The proposed revisions to Sec.  2.6(a)(18)(i) 
and (ii) increase the per-class fee for filing an ex parte appeal from 
$300 to $325 for a paper submission and from $200 to $225 for an ESTTA 
submission. The proposed addition of Sec.  2.6(a)(18)(iii) sets the 
per-application fee for filing a first request for an extension of time 
to file an appeal brief at $0. The proposed addition of Sec.  
2.6(a)(18)(iv) and (v) sets the per-application fee for filing a second 
or subsequent request for an extension of time to file an appeal brief 
at $200 for a paper submission and $100 for an ESTTA submission. The 
proposed addition of Sec.  2.6(a)(18)(vi) and (vii) set the per-class 
fee for filing a brief in an ex parte appeal at $300 for a paper 
submission and $200 for an ESTTA submission.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(22)(i) and (ii) to 
increase the fee for filing a request for an extension of time to file 
a notice of opposition pursuant to Sec.  2.102(c)(1)(ii) or (c)(2) from 
$200 to $400 for a paper submission and from $100 to $200 for an ESTTA 
submission.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.6(a)(23)(i) and (ii) to 
increase the fee for filing a request for an extension of time to file 
a notice of opposition pursuant to Sec.  2.102(c)(3) from $300 to $500 
for a paper submission and from $200 to $400 for an ESTTA submission.
    The USPTO proposes to add Sec.  2.6(a)(24) to establish a fee for 
filing a request for an oral hearing before the TTAB of $500 per 
proceeding.
    The USPTO proposes to add Sec.  2.6(a)(25) to establish a fee of 
$50 for the filing of a letter of protest per subject application.
    The USPTO proposes to add Sec.  2.6(a)(26) to set out fees for a 
request for reconsideration filed more than three months after a final 
action and within six months of the issue date of a final action or 
with a petition to revive an abandoned application. The USPTO proposes 
to add Sec.  2.6(a)(26)(i) to establish a fee of $0 for filing a 
request for reconsideration within three months after the issue date of 
a final action through TEAS. The USPTO proposes to add Sec.  
2.6(a)(26)(ii) and (iii) to establish a fee of $500 for a paper 
submission and $400 for a TEAS or ESTTA submission for a request for 
reconsideration filed more than three months after and within six 
months of the issue date of a final Office action.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  2.114(a) to provide that a 
partial refund of the fee for a petition to cancel, equal to the 
increase in that fee otherwise proposed by this rulemaking, may be made 
in cases of default judgment where there was no appearance by a 
defendant and no filings are made other than the petition to cancel.
    The USPTO proposes to add Sec.  2.149, which codifies the 
procedures and requirements for letters of protest.
    The USPTO proposes to revise the section title and to restructure 
Sec.  2.161 to set out the requirements for section 8 affidavits or 
declarations more clearly. The USPTO also proposes to add, at revised 
Sec.  2.161(c), a provision stating that if goods, services, and/or 
classes are deleted from a registration after submission and prior to 
the acceptance of a section 8 affidavit or declaration, the deletion 
must be accompanied by the relevant fee under proposed Sec.  
2.6(a)(12)(iii) or (iv) for each class from which goods, services, and/
or classes are deleted.
    The USPTO proposes to revise Sec.  7.6(a)(6)(i) and (ii) to 
increase the per-class fee for filing a section 71 affidavit from $225 
to $325 for a paper submission and from $125 to $225 for a TEAS 
submission.
    The USPTO proposes to add Sec.  7.6(a)(6)(iii) and (iv) to 
establish fees for the deletion of goods, services, and/or classes 
after submission and prior to acceptance of a section 71 affidavit. The 
proposed Sec.  7.6(a)(iii) and (iv) set the per-class fee at $350 for a 
paper submission and $250 for a TEAS submission.
    The USPTO proposes to revise the section title and to restructure 
Sec.  7.37 to set out the requirements for section 71 affidavits or 
declarations more clearly. The USPTO also proposes to add, at revised 
Sec.  7.37(c), a provision stating that if goods, services, and/or 
classes are deleted from a registration after submission and prior to 
acceptance of a section 71 affidavit or declaration, the deletion must 
be accompanied by the relevant fee under proposed Sec.  7.6(a)(6)(iii) 
or (iv) for each class from which goods, services, and/or classes are 
deleted.

Rulemaking Requirements

    A. America Invents Act: This rulemaking proposes to set and adjust 
fees under section 10(a) of the AIA as amended by the SUCCESS Act. 
Section 10(a) of the AIA authorizes the Director to set or adjust by 
rule any trademark fee established, authorized, or charged under the 
Trademark Act for any services performed by, or materials furnished by, 
the USPTO (see section 10 of the AIA, Pub. L. 112-29, 125 Stat. 284, 
316-17, as amended by Pub. L. 115-273, 132 Stat. 4158). Section 10(e) 
of the AIA sets forth the general requirements for rulemakings that set 
or adjust fees under this authority. In particular, section 10(e)(1) 
requires the Director to publish in the Federal Register any proposed 
fee change under section 10 and include in such publication the 
specific rationale and purpose for the proposal, including the possible 
expectations or benefits resulting from the proposed change. For such 
rulemakings, the AIA requires that the USPTO provide a public comment 
period of not less than 45 days.
    The TPAC advises the Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual 
Property and Director of the USPTO on the management, policies, goals, 
performance, budget, and user fees of trademark operations. When 
adopting fees under section 10 of the AIA, the AIA requires the 
Director to provide the TPAC with the proposed fees at least 45 days 
prior to publishing them in the Federal Register. The TPAC then has at 
least 30 days within which to deliberate, consider, and comment on the 
proposal, as well as hold a public hearing(s) on the proposed fees. The 
TPAC must make a written report available to the public of the 
comments, advice, and recommendations of the committee regarding the 
proposed fees before the USPTO issues any final fees. The USPTO will 
consider and analyze any comments, advice, or recommendations received 
from the TPAC before finally setting or adjusting fees.
    Consistent with the requirements of the AIA, on August 28, 2019, 
the Director notified the TPAC of the USPTO's intent to set or adjust 
trademark fees and submitted a preliminary trademark fee proposal with 
supporting materials. The preliminary trademark fee proposal and 
associated materials are available at http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.
    The TPAC held a public hearing in Alexandria, Virginia, on 
September 23, 2019. Transcripts of this hearing and

[[Page 37051]]

comments submitted to the TPAC in writing are available for review at 
http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting. The TPAC subsequently issued a report, dated October 31, 
2019, regarding the preliminary proposed fees. The report can be found 
online at http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.
    B. Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis: The USPTO publishes 
this Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA) as required by the 
Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) to examine the 
impact of the USPTO's proposed changes to trademark fees on small 
entities and to seek the public's views. Under the RFA, whenever an 
agency is required by 5 U.S.C. 553 (or any other law) to publish an 
NPRM, the agency must prepare and make available for public comment an 
IRFA, unless the agency certifies under 5 U.S.C. 605(b) that the 
proposed rule, if implemented, will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities (see 5 U.S.C. 603, 
605). This IRFA incorporates the discussion of the proposed changes in 
the preamble above.
    Items 1-5 below discuss the five items specified in 5 U.S.C. 
603(b)(1)-(5) to be addressed in an IRFA. Item 5 below discusses 
alternatives to this proposal that the USPTO considered.

1. Description of the Reasons That Action by the USPTO Is Being 
Considered

    The USPTO proposes setting and adjusting certain trademark fees as 
authorized by section 10 of the AIA, as amended by Public Law 115-273, 
132 Stat. 4158 (the SUCCESS Act). The fee schedule proposed under 
section 10 in this rulemaking will, based on the assumptions found in 
the FY 2021 Congressional Justification, recover the aggregate 
estimated costs to the USPTO while achieving strategic and operational 
goals, such as implementing measures to maintain trademark pendency and 
high trademark quality, modernizing the trademark IT systems, 
continuing important programs for stakeholder and public outreach, 
enhancing operations of the TTAB, and maintaining a sufficient 
operating reserve. Aggregate costs are estimated through the USPTO 
budget formulation process with the annual preparation of a five-year 
performance-based budget request. Revenues are estimated based on the 
projected demand (workload) for trademark products and services and fee 
rates.

2. Succinct Statement of the Objectives of, and Legal Basis for, the 
Proposed Rule

    The policy objectives of the proposed rule are to: (1) Better align 
fees with costs, (2) protect the integrity of the trademark register, 
(3) improve the efficiency of USPTO processes related to trademark and 
TTAB operations, and (4) ensure financial sustainability to facilitate 
effective trademark operations. The legal basis for the proposed rule 
is section 10 of the AIA, as amended, which provides the authority for 
the Director to set or adjust by rule any fee established, authorized, 
or charged under the Trademark Act of 1946, 15 U.S.C. 1051 et seq., as 
amended. See also section 31 of the Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. 1113.

3. Description of and, Where Feasible, Estimate of the Number of 
Affected Small Entities

    The USPTO does not collect or maintain statistics in trademark 
cases on small- versus large-entity applicants, and this information 
would be required in order to determine the number of small entities 
that would be affected by the proposed rule.
    This proposed rule would apply to any entity filing trademark 
documents with the USPTO. The USPTO estimates, based on the assumptions 
found in the FY 2021 Congressional Justification, that during the first 
full fiscal year under the fees as proposed, the USPTO would expect to 
collect approximately $77 million more in trademark processing and TTAB 
fees in FY 2021. The USPTO would receive an additional $40 million in 
fees from applications for the registration of a mark, including 
requests for extension of protection and subsequent designations; $3 
million more from petitions, letters of protest, and requests for 
reconsideration; and $28 million more for section 8 and section 71 
affidavits. TTAB fees would increase by $6 million.
    Trademark fees are collected for trademark-related services and 
products at different points in time in the trademark application 
examination process and over the lifecycle of the registration. 
Approximately 55% of all trademark fee collections are from application 
filing fees. Fees for TTAB proceedings and appeals comprise 2.5% of 
revenues. Fees from other trademark activities, petitions, assignments 
and certifications, and Madrid processing are approximately 5% of 
revenues. Fees for filing post-registration and intent-to-use filings, 
which subsidize the costs of filing, search, examination, and TTAB 
activities, comprise 37.5%.
    The USPTO's five-year estimated aggregate trademark fee revenue is 
based on the number of trademark applications and other fee-related 
filings it expects to receive for a given fiscal year and work it 
expects to process in a given fiscal year (an indicator of future fee 
workload and budgetary requirements). Within the iterative process for 
estimating aggregate revenue, the USPTO adjusts individual fee rates up 
or down based on policy and cost considerations and then multiplies the 
resulting fee rates by appropriate workload volumes to calculate a 
revenue estimate for each fee, which is then used to calculate the 
aggregate revenue. Additional details about the USPTO's aggregate 
revenue, including projected workloads by fee, are available at https://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.

4. Description of the Reporting, Recordkeeping, and Other Compliance 
Requirements of the Proposed Rule, Including an Estimate of the Classes 
of Small Entities Which Will Be Subject to the Requirement and the Type 
of Professional Skills Necessary for Preparation of the Report or 
Record

    The proposed rule imposes no new reporting or recordkeeping 
requirements. The main purpose of the proposed rule is to set and 
adjust trademark fees. However, the rule proposes new procedural 
regulations at 37 CFR 2.149 for the submission of letters of protest. 
The USPTO does not collect or maintain statistics in trademark cases on 
small versus large entity applicants and is unable to provide an 
estimate of the classes of small entities that will be subject to the 
new procedural requirements.

5. Description of Any Significant Alternatives to the Proposed Rule 
Which Accomplish the Stated Objectives of Applicable Statutes and Which 
Minimize Any Significant Economic Impact of the Rule on Small Entities

    The USPTO considered four alternatives, based on the assumptions 
found in the FY 2021 Congressional Justification, before recommending 
this proposal: (1) The adjustments included in this proposal, (2) an 
across-the-board adjustment of 22%, (3) the unit cost of providing 
services based on FY 2019 costs, and (4) no change to the baseline of 
current fees. The alternatives are each explained here with additional 
information regarding how each proposal was developed and the aggregate 
revenue estimated. A description of the Aggregate Revenue Methodologies 
is available at http://

[[Page 37052]]

www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-
adjusting.
    The USPTO proposes to set or adjust trademark fees codified in 37 
CFR parts 2 and 7. Fees are adjusted for all application filing types 
(i.e., paper applications, applications filed via TEAS, and requests 
for extension of protection under section 66(a) of the Trademark Act 
(15 U.S.C. 1141f)). The USPTO also proposes to set or adjust certain 
other trademark processing fees to further effective administration of 
the trademark system. For example, the proposed rule increases the fees 
for certain petitions to the Director as well as section 8 and section 
71 affidavits, sets a new fee and proposes procedural regulations for 
filing a letter of protest, and sets new fees for filing a request for 
reconsideration more than three months after a final Office action and 
for deleting goods, services, and/or classes from a registration after 
submission and prior to acceptance of a section 8 or section 71 
affidavit.
    The USPTO chose the alternative proposed in this rule because it 
will enable the Office to achieve its goals effectively and efficiently 
without unduly burdening small entities, erecting barriers to entry, or 
stifling incentives to innovate. The alternative proposed here secures 
the USPTO's objectives for meeting the strategic goals of encouraging 
broader usage of IP rights-protection mechanisms and participation by 
more trademark owners and more efficient resolution of appeals and 
inter partes proceedings at the TTAB by increasing revenue to meet the 
Office's aggregate future costs. In particular, the new fee structure 
for requests for reconsideration and requests to delete goods, 
services, and/or classes from a registration would protect the 
integrity of the register and the efficiency of the process by 
incentivizing both more timely filings and proactive action by 
applicants and registrants. The increased efficiencies realized through 
the proposed rule will benefit all applicants and registrants by 
allowing registrations to be granted sooner and more efficiently by 
removing unused marks and unsupported goods and services from the 
register. All trademark applicants should benefit from the efficiency 
that will be realized under the proposed alternative.
    With regard to the new regulations governing the filing of letters 
of protest, the USPTO anticipates that the impact to affected entities 
would be small. The proposed fee of $50 is set at a level high enough 
to recognize there are processing costs and deter the filing of 
unsupported or irrelevant filings, but low enough so as not to 
discourage the filing of relevant, well-supported letters of protest. 
In addition, the new procedural regulations for filing letters of 
protest are not anticipated to significantly impact affected entities 
because the proposed new regulations are based on existing informal 
procedures set out in the TMEP.
    Finally, the proposed new provision at Sec.  2.114(a) provides that 
a partial refund of the fee for a petition to cancel may be made in 
cases of default judgement where there was no appearance by a defendant 
and no filings were made other than the petition to cancel. This change 
would likely balance the cost recovery obtained from the increase in 
the fee for a petition to cancel, a case type that has increased 
markedly in recent years, against the benefit of having petitions to 
cancel filed to remove registrations from the register when petitioners 
have determined through their investigations that the registered marks 
are no longer in use. In such situations, default judgments often 
result, efficiently clearing the register of marks that would otherwise 
stand as potential bars to applications seeking to register similar 
marks. This reduces costs for applicants filing such applications.
    The proposed fee schedule for this alternative (labeled 
``Alternative 1--Proposed Alternative'') is available in the document 
entitled ``Initial Regulatory Flexibility Act Tables'' at http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.
    Another alternative to setting and adjusting the proposed fees that 
was considered was to increase all fees by the same 22% across the 
board. This alternative would maintain the status quo structure of cost 
recovery, where processing and examination costs are subsidized by fees 
paid for intent-to-use and post-registration maintenance filings (both 
of which exceed the cost of performing these services), given that all 
fees would be adjusted by the same escalation factor. This structure 
would promote innovation strategies and allow applicants to gain access 
to the trademark system through fees set below cost, while registrants 
pay maintenance fees above cost to subsidize the below-cost front-end 
fees. This alternative was ultimately rejected. Although this 
alternative generates sufficient aggregate revenue to recover aggregate 
operating costs, unlike the proposed fee structure, there would be no 
improvements in fee schedule design. As such, this alternative would 
not accomplish the stated objective of enhancing the integrity of the 
register by incentivizing users to maintain accurate goods and 
services. Further, it would not enhance the efficiency of the process, 
as it would offer no new incentives for users to timely file 
applications and other filings or to resolve appeals and inter partes 
proceedings at the TTAB more expeditiously. The proposed fee schedule 
for this alternative (labeled ``Alternative 2--Across-the-Board 
Adjustment'') is available in the document entitled ``Initial 
Regulatory Flexibility Act Tables'' at http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.
    A third alternative that was considered was to set all trademark 
fees to allow for the USPTO to recover 100% of the unit costs 
associated with each product or service provided, based on the 
historical unit costs of the products and services provided by the 
USPTO. The USPTO uses activity based information to determine the unit 
costs of activities that contribute to the services and processes 
provided by individual fees. It is common practice in the federal 
government to set a particular fee at a level that recovers the cost of 
a given good or service. In Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 
Circular A-25, User Charges, the OMB states that user charges (fees) 
should be sufficient to recover the full cost to the federal government 
of providing the particular service, resource, or good, when the 
government is acting in its capacity as sovereign. Under the unit cost 
recovery alternative, fees are generally set in line with the FY 2019 
cost of providing the product or service. This alternative would 
produce a structure in which application and processing fees would 
increase significantly for all applicants and intent-to-use and post-
registration maintenance filing fees would decrease dramatically when 
compared with current fees. In addition, these fees would change from 
year to year with the ebb and flow in the number of applications 
submitted. This alternative was rejected because it was determined that 
the unit costs for any given product or service can vary from year to 
year, such that a yearly review of all, and an adjustment to many, 
trademark fees would be continually required and could also lead to 
consumer confusion regarding the amount at which any given trademark 
fee was currently set and what the relevant fee would be in the future. 
Additionally, this alternative does not address improvements in fee 
design to accomplish the stated objectives of encouraging broader usage 
of IP rights-protection mechanisms and participation by more trademark 
owners as well as practices that improve the

[[Page 37053]]

efficiency of the process. The USPTO recognizes that this approach does 
not account for changes in the fee structure or inflationary factors 
that could likely increase the costs of certain trademark services and 
necessitate higher fees in the out-years. However, the USPTO contends 
that the FY 2019 data is the best unit cost data available to inform 
this analysis. The proposed fee schedule for this alternative (labeled 
``Alternative 3--Unit Cost Recovery'') is available in the document 
entitled ``Initial Regulatory Flexibility Act Tables'' at http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.
    A final alternative to setting and adjusting the proposed fees 
would be to take no action at this time regarding trademark fees and to 
leave all trademark fees as currently set. This alternative was 
rejected because, due to changes in demand for certain services and 
rising costs, the Office has determined that a fee increase is needed 
to meet future budgetary requirements as described in the FY 2021 
Budget. As previously explained, the proposed fee schedule will assist 
in promoting access to the trademark system, protecting the integrity 
of the register, and promoting the efficiency of the trademark 
registration process by incentivizing: (1) Maintenance of registrations 
for goods and services for which marks are actually in use, (2) more 
timely filing of applications and other documents, and (3) faster 
resolution of appeals and inter partes proceedings at the TTAB. The fee 
schedule for this alternative (labeled ``Alternative 4--Baseline--
Current Fee Schedule'') is available in the document entitled ``Initial 
Regulatory Flexibility Act Tables'' at http://www.uspto.gov/about-us/performance-and-planning/fee-setting-and-adjusting.

6. Identification, to the Extent Practicable, of All Relevant Federal 
Rules Which May Duplicate, Overlap, or Conflict With the Proposed Rule

    The proposed rule would not duplicate, overlap, or conflict with 
any other federal rules.
    C. Executive Order 12866 (Regulatory Planning and Review): This 
rule has been determined to be Significant for purposes of Executive 
Order 12866 (Sept. 30, 1993).
    D. Executive Order 13563 (Improving Regulation and Regulatory 
Review): The USPTO has complied with Executive Order 13563 (Jan. 18, 
2011). Specifically, the USPTO has, to the extent feasible and 
applicable: (1) Made a reasoned determination that the benefits justify 
the costs of the rule; (2) tailored the rule to impose the least burden 
on society consistent with obtaining the regulatory objectives; (3) 
selected a regulatory approach that maximizes net benefits; (4) 
specified performance objectives; (5) identified and assessed available 
alternatives; (6) provided the public with a meaningful opportunity to 
participate in the regulatory process, including soliciting the views 
of those likely affected prior to issuing a notice of proposed 
rulemaking, and provided online access to the rulemaking docket; (7) 
attempted to promote coordination, simplification, and harmonization 
across government agencies and identified goals designed to promote 
innovation; (8) considered approaches that reduce burdens and maintain 
flexibility and freedom of choice for the public; and (9) ensured the 
objectivity of scientific and technological information and processes, 
to the extent applicable.
    E. Executive Order 13771 (Reducing Regulation and Controlling 
Regulatory Costs): This proposed rule is not expected to be subject to 
the requirements of Executive Order 13771 (Jan. 30, 2017) because this 
proposed rule is expected to involve a transfer payment.
    F. Executive Order 13132 (Federalism): This rule does not contain 
policies with federalism implications sufficient to warrant preparation 
of a Federalism Assessment under Executive Order 13132 (Aug. 4, 1999).
    G. Executive Order 13175 (Tribal Consultation): This rulemaking 
will not: (1) Have substantial direct effects on one or more Indian 
tribes; (2) impose substantial direct compliance costs on Indian tribal 
governments; or (3) preempt tribal law. Therefore, a tribal summary 
impact statement is not required under Executive Order 13175 (Nov. 6, 
2000).
    H. Executive Order 13211 (Energy Effects): This rulemaking is not a 
significant energy action under Executive Order 13211 because this 
rulemaking is not likely to have a significant adverse effect on the 
supply, distribution, or use of energy. Therefore, a Statement of 
Energy Effects is not required under Executive Order 13211 (May 18, 
2001).
    I. Executive Order 12988 (Civil Justice Reform): This rulemaking 
meets applicable standards to minimize litigation, eliminate ambiguity, 
and reduce burden as set forth in sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2) of 
Executive Order 12988 (Feb. 5, 1996).
    J. Executive Order 13045 (Protection of Children): This rulemaking 
does not concern an environmental risk to health or safety that may 
disproportionately affect children under Executive Order 13045 (Apr. 
21, 1997).
    K. Executive Order 12630 (Taking of Private Property): This 
rulemaking will not affect a taking of private property or otherwise 
have taking implications under Executive Order 12630 (Mar. 15, 1988).
    L. Congressional Review Act: Under the Congressional Review Act 
provisions of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 
1996 (5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), prior to issuing any final rule, the USPTO 
will submit a report containing the final rule and other required 
information to the United States Senate, the United States House of 
Representatives, and the comptroller general of the Government 
Accountability Office. The changes in this rulemaking are not expected 
to result in an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more, a 
major increase in costs or prices, or significant adverse effects on 
competition, employment, investment, productivity, innovation, or the 
ability of United States-based enterprises to compete with foreign-
based enterprises in domestic and export markets. Therefore, this 
rulemaking is not expected to result in a ``major rule'' as defined in 
5 U.S.C. 804(2).
    M. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995: The changes set forth in 
this rulemaking do not involve a Federal intergovernmental mandate that 
will result in the expenditure by State, local, and tribal governments, 
in the aggregate, of $100 million (as adjusted) or more in any one 
year, or a Federal private sector mandate that will result in the 
expenditure by the private sector of $100 million (as adjusted) or more 
in any one year, and will not significantly or uniquely affect small 
governments. Therefore, no actions are necessary under the provisions 
of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995. See 2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.
    N. National Environmental Policy Act: This rulemaking will not have 
any effect on the quality of the environment and is thus categorically 
excluded from review under the National Environmental Policy Act of 
1969. See 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.
    O. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act: The 
requirements of section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and 
Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) are not applicable because 
this rulemaking does not contain provisions that involve the use of 
technical standards.
    P. Paperwork Reduction Act: This rule involves information 
collection requirements that are subject to review and approval by OMB 
under the

[[Page 37054]]

Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). The 
collections of information involved with this proposed rule have been 
reviewed and previously approved by OMB under OMB control numbers 0651-
0009, 0651-0027, 0651-0028, 0651-0040, 0651-0050, 0651-0051, 0651-0054, 
0651-0055, 0651-0056, and 0651-0061. This action proposes to set or 
increase certain trademark fees, which would increase the annual non-
hour cost burdens $42,483,850, as set out in the following table:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                              Estimated increase
                                                                                                in cost burdens
                   OMB control No.                         Information collection title          (fees) due to
                                                                                                 proposed rule
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0651-0009...........................................  Applications for Trademark                     $23,410,200
                                                       Registration.
0651-0040...........................................  Trademark Trial and Appeal Board                 4,833,700
                                                       (TTAB) Actions.
0651-0050...........................................  Response to Office Action and                    7,006,500
                                                       Voluntary Amendment Forms.
0651-0051...........................................  Madrid Protocol.......................             325,100
0651-0054...........................................  Substantive Submissions Made During              3,045,650
                                                       Prosecution of the Trademark
                                                       Application.
0651-0055...........................................  Post Registration (Trademark                     3,862,700
                                                       Processing).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    This estimated cost burden increase is based on the currently OMB 
approved response volumes associated with these information 
collections, which may be slightly different than the workflow 
forecasts cited in other parts of this proposed rule. In addition, any 
updates to the aforementioned information collections as a result of 
this proposed rulemaking will be submitted to OMB for approval prior to 
the effective date of the final rule.
    Comments regarding the collection of information associated with 
this proposed rule, including suggestions for reducing the burden, may 
be sent to the Commissioner for Trademarks, by mail to P.O. Box 1451, 
Alexandria, VA 22313-1451, attention Catherine Cain; by hand delivery 
to the Trademark Assistance Center, Concourse Level, James Madison 
Building-East Wing, 600 Dulany Street, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, 
attention Catherine Cain; or by electronic mail message via the Federal 
eRulemaking Portal (https://www.regulations.gov). All comments 
submitted directly to the USPTO or provided on the Federal eRulemaking 
Portal should include the docket number (PTO-T-2019-0027).
    Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person is required 
to respond to nor shall a person be subject to a penalty for failure to 
comply with a collection of information subject to the requirements of 
the Paperwork Reduction Act unless that collection of information has a 
currently valid OMB control number.

List of Subjects

37 CFR Part 2

    Administrative practice and procedure, Courts, Lawyers, Trademarks.

37 CFR Part 7

    Administrative practice and procedure, Trademarks.

    For the reasons stated in the preamble and under the authority 
contained in section 10(a) of the AIA, 15 U.S.C. 1113, 1123, and 35 
U.S.C. 2, as amended, the USPTO proposes to amend parts 2 and 7 of 
title 37 as follows:

PART 2--RULES OF PRACTICE IN TRADEMARK CASES

0
1. The authority citation for part 2 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1113, 1123; 35 U.S.C. 2; sec. 10, Pub. L. 
112-29, 125 Stat. 284, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 2.99 also issued 
under secs. 16, 17, 60 Stat. 434; 15 U.S.C. 1066, 1067.

0
2. Amend Sec.  2.6 by:
0
a. Revising paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (v);
0
b. Adding paragraph (a)(11)(iii);
0
c. Revising paragraphs (a)(12), (15) through (18), (22), and (23); and
0
d. Adding paragraphs (a)(24) through (26).
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  2.6  Trademark fees.

    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (i) For filing an application on paper, per class--$750.00
    (ii) For filing an application under section 66(a) of the Act, per 
class--$500.00
    (iii) For filing a TEAS Standard application, per class--$350.00
    (iv) For filing a TEAS Plus application under Sec.  2.22, per 
class--$250.00
    (v) Additional processing fee under Sec.  2.22(c), per class--
$100.00
* * * * *
    (11) * * *.
    (iii) For filing an amendment to a registration prior to submission 
of an affidavit under section 8 or section 71 of the Act and consisting 
only of the deletion of goods, services, and/or classes--$0.00
    (12) Affidavit under section 8. (i) For filing an affidavit under 
section 8 of the Act on paper, per class--$325.00
    (ii) For filing an affidavit under section 8 of the Act through 
TEAS, per class--$225.00
    (iii) For deleting goods, services, and/or classes after submission 
and prior to acceptance of an affidavit under section 8 of the Act on 
paper, per class--$350.00
    (iv) For deleting goods, services, and/or classes after submission 
and prior to acceptance of an affidavit under section 8 of the Act 
through TEAS, per class--$250.00
* * * * *
    (15) Petitions to the Director. (i) For filing a petition under 
Sec.  2.146 or Sec.  2.147 on paper--$350.00
    (ii) For filing a petition under Sec.  2.146 or Sec.  2.147 through 
TEAS--$250.00
    (iii) For filing a petition under Sec.  2.66 on paper--$250.00
    (iv) For filing a petition under Sec.  2.66 through TEAS--$150.00
    (16) Petition to cancel. (i) For filing a petition to cancel on 
paper, per class--$700.00
    (ii) For filing a petition to cancel through ESTTA, per class--
$600.00
    (17) Notice of opposition. (i) For filing a notice of opposition on 
paper, per class--$700.00
    (ii) For filing a notice of opposition through ESTTA, per class--
$600.00
    (18) Ex parte appeal. (i) For filing an ex parte appeal to the 
Trademark Trial and Appeal Board on paper, per class--$325.00
    (ii) For filing an ex parte appeal to the Trademark Trial and 
Appeal Board through ESTTA, per class--$225.00
    (iii) For filing a first request for an extension of time to file 
an appeal brief, per application--$0.00
    (iv) For filing a second or subsequent request for an extension of 
time to file an appeal brief on paper, per application--$200.00

[[Page 37055]]

    (v) For filing a second or subsequent request for an extension of 
time to file an appeal brief through ESTTA, per application--$100.00
    (vi) For filing an appeal brief on paper, per class--$300.00
    (vii) For filing an appeal brief through ESTTA, per class--$200.00
* * * * *
    (22) Extension of time for filing a notice of opposition under 
Sec.  2.102(c)(1)(ii) or (c)(2). (i) For filing a request for an 
extension of time to file a notice of opposition under Sec.  
2.102(c)(1)(ii) or (c)(2) on paper--$400.00
    (ii) For filing a request for an extension of time to file a notice 
of opposition under Sec.  2.102(c)(1)(ii) or (c)(2) through ESTTA--
$200.00
    (23) Extension of time for filing a notice of opposition under 
Sec.  2.102(c)(3). (i) For filing a request for an extension of time to 
file a notice of opposition under Sec.  2.102(c)(3) on paper--$500.00
    (ii) For filing a request for an extension of time to file a notice 
of opposition under Sec.  2.102(c)(3) through ESTTA--$400.00
    (24) Oral hearing. For filing a request for an oral hearing before 
the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board, per proceeding--$500.00
    (25) Letter of protest. For filing a letter of protest, per subject 
application--$50.00
    (26) Request for reconsideration. (i) For filing a request for 
reconsideration within three months after the issue date of a final 
Office action through TEAS--$0.00
    (ii) For filing a request for reconsideration more than three 
months after and within six months of the issue date of a final Office 
action, or with a petition under Sec.  2.66, on paper--$500.00
    (iii) For filing a request for reconsideration more than three 
months after and within six months of the issue date of a final Office 
action, or with a petition under Sec.  2.66, through TEAS or ESTTA--
$400.00
* * * * *
0
3. Amend Sec.  2.114 by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:


Sec.  2.114  Answer.

    (a)(1) If no answer is filed within the time initially set, or as 
later may be reset by the Board, the petition may be decided as in the 
case of default. The failure to file a timely answer tolls all 
deadlines, including the discovery conference, until the issue of 
default is resolved.
    (2) If the cancellation proceeding is based solely on abandonment 
or nonuse and default judgment is entered with no appearance by the 
defendant, and no filings are made other than the petition to cancel, 
$200 of the petition to cancel fee may be refunded.
* * * * *
0
4. Add Sec.  2.149 before the center heading ``Certificate'' to read as 
follows:


Sec.  2.149  Letters of protest against pending applications.

    (a) A third party may submit, for consideration and entry in the 
record of a trademark application, objective evidence relevant to the 
examination of the application for a ground for refusal of registration 
if the submission is made in accordance with this section.
    (b) A party protesting multiple applications must file a separate 
submission under this section for each application.
    (c) Any submission under this section must be filed no later than 
30 days after the date the application is published for opposition 
under section 12(a) of the Act and Sec.  2.80 of this part. If the 
subject application cannot be withdrawn from issuance of a registration 
while consideration of the protest is pending, the protest may be 
considered untimely.
    (d)(1) If the letter of protest is filed before publication of the 
subject application, the evidence must be relevant to the identified 
ground(s) for refusal, such that it is appropriate for the examining 
attorney to consider whether to issue a refusal or make a requirement 
under the Act or this part.
    (2) If the letter of protest is filed on or within 30 days after 
the date of publication of the subject application, the evidence must 
establish a prima facie case for refusal on the identified ground(s), 
such that failure to issue a refusal or to make a requirement would 
likely result in issuance of a registration in violation of the Act or 
this part.
    (e) Filing a submission under this section does not stay or extend 
the time for filing a notice of opposition.
    (f) Any submission under this section must be made in writing, 
filed through TEAS, and include:
    (1) The fee required by Sec.  2.6(a)(25);
    (2) The serial number of the pending application that is the 
subject of the protest;
    (3) An itemized evidence index that does not identify the protestor 
or its representatives, does not contain legal argument, and includes:
    (i) An identification of the documents, or portions of documents, 
being submitted as evidence. The submission may not total more than 10 
items of evidence in support of a specified ground of refusal and more 
than 75 total pages of evidence without a detailed and sufficient 
explanation that establishes the special circumstances that necessitate 
providing more than 10 items of evidence per refusal ground or more 
than 75 total pages of evidence; and
    (ii) A concise factual statement of the relevant ground(s) for 
refusal of registration appropriate in ex parte examination that each 
item identified supports; and
    (4) A clear and legible copy of each item identified in the 
evidence index where:
    (i) Copies of third-party registrations come from the electronic 
records of the Office and show the current status and title of the 
registration;
    (ii) Evidence from the internet includes the date the evidence was 
published or accessed and the complete URL address of the website; and
    (iii) Copies of printed publications identify the publication name 
and date of publication.
    (g) Any submission under this section may not be entered or 
considered by the Office if:
    (1) Any part of the submission is not in compliance with this 
section;
    (2) The application record shows that the examining attorney 
already considered the refusal ground(s) specified in the submission; 
or
    (3) A provision of the Act or parts 2 or 7 of this chapter 
precludes acceptance of the submission.
    (h) If a submission is determined to be in compliance with this 
section, only the specified ground(s) for refusal and the provided 
evidence relevant to the ground(s) for refusal will be included in the 
application record for consideration by the examining attorney. An 
applicant need not and should not reply to the entry into the 
application record of such evidence in the absence of an Office action 
issuing that includes such evidence.
    (i) Any determination whether to include in an application record 
the ground(s) or evidence for a refusal of registration in a submission 
under this section is not petitionable.
    (j) A third party filing a submission under this section will not 
receive any communication from the Office relating to the submission 
other than acknowledgement that it has been received by the Office and 
notification of whether the submission is found to be compliant or non-
compliant with this section. Communications with the third party will 
not be made of record in the application. The Office will not accept 
amendments to a non-compliant submission that was previously filed. 
Instead, a third party who previously filed a non-compliant submission 
may

[[Page 37056]]

file another submission that meets the requirements of paragraph (f) of 
this section, provided the time period for filing a submission in 
paragraph (c) of this section has not closed.
    (k) The limited involvement of the third party ends with the filing 
of the submission under this section. The third party may not directly 
contact the examining attorney assigned to the application.
0
5. Revise Sec.  2.161 to read as follows:


Sec.  2.161  Requirements for a complete affidavit or declaration of 
use in commerce or excusable nonuse; requirement for the submission of 
additional information, exhibits, affidavits or declarations, and 
specimens; and fee for deletions of goods, services, and/or classes 
from a registration.

    (a) Requirements for a complete affidavit or declaration. A 
complete affidavit or declaration under section 8 of the Act must:
    (1) Be filed by the owner within the period set forth in Sec.  
2.160(a);
    (2) Include a verified statement attesting to the use in commerce 
or excusable nonuse of the mark within the period set forth in section 
8 of the Act. This verified statement must be executed on or after the 
beginning of the filing period specified in Sec.  2.160(a);
    (3) Include the U.S. registration number;
    (4)(i) Include the fee required by Sec.  2.6 for each class that 
the affidavit or declaration covers;
    (ii) If the affidavit or declaration is filed during the grace 
period under section 8(a)(3) of the Act, include the grace period 
surcharge per class required by Sec.  2.6;
    (iii) If at least one fee is submitted for a multiple-class 
registration, but the fee is insufficient to cover all the classes, and 
the class(es) to which the fee(s) should be applied are not specified, 
the Office will issue a notice requiring either submission of the 
additional fee(s) or specification of the class(es) to which the 
initial fee(s) should be applied. Additional fees may be submitted if 
the requirements of Sec.  2.164 are met. If the additional fee(s) are 
not submitted within the time period set out in the Office action and 
the class(es) to which the original fee(s) should be applied are not 
specified, the Office will presume that the fee(s) cover the classes in 
ascending order, beginning with the lowest numbered class;
    (5)(i) Specify the goods, services, or nature of the collective 
membership organization for which the mark is in use in commerce, and/
or the goods, services, or nature of the collective membership 
organization for which excusable nonuse is claimed under paragraph 
(a)(6)(ii) of this section; and
    (ii) Specify the goods, services, or classes being deleted from the 
registration, if the affidavit or declaration covers fewer than all the 
goods, services, or classes in the registration;
    (6)(i) State that the registered mark is in use in commerce; or
    (ii) If the registered mark is not in use in commerce on or in 
connection with all the goods, services, or classes specified in the 
registration, set forth the date when such use of the mark in commerce 
stopped and the approximate date when such use is expected to resume; 
and recite facts to show that nonuse as to those goods, services, or 
classes is due to special circumstances that excuse the nonuse and is 
not due to an intention to abandon the mark; and
    (7) Include one specimen showing how the mark is in use in commerce 
for each class in the registration, unless excusable nonuse is claimed 
under paragraph (a)(6)(ii) of this section. When requested by the 
Office, additional specimens must be provided. The specimen must meet 
the requirements of Sec.  2.56.
    (8) Additional requirements for a collective mark: In addition to 
the above requirements, a complete affidavit or declaration pertaining 
to a collective mark must:
    (i) State that the owner is exercising legitimate control over the 
use of the mark in commerce; and
    (ii) If the registration issued from an application based solely on 
section 44 of the Act, state the nature of the owner's control over the 
use of the mark by the members in the first affidavit or declaration 
filed under paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
    (9) Additional requirements for a certification mark: In addition 
to the above requirements, a complete affidavit or declaration 
pertaining to a certification mark must:
    (i) Include a copy of the certification standards specified in 
Sec.  2.45(a)(4)(i)(B);
    (A) Submitting certification standards for the first time. If the 
registration issued from an application based solely on section 44 of 
the Act, include a copy of the certification standards in the first 
affidavit or declaration filed under paragraph (a)(1) of this section; 
or
    (B) Certification standards submitted in prior filing. If the 
certification standards in use at the time of filing the affidavit or 
declaration have not changed since the date they were previously 
submitted to the Office, include a statement to that effect; if the 
certification standards in use at the time of filing the affidavit or 
declaration have changed since the date they were previously submitted 
to the Office, include a copy of the revised certification standards;
    (ii) State that the owner is exercising legitimate control over the 
use of the mark in commerce; and
    (iii) Satisfy the requirements of Sec.  2.45(a)(4)(i)(A) and (C).
    (10) For requirements of a complete affidavit or declaration of use 
in commerce or excusable nonuse for a registration that issued from a 
section 66(a) basis application, see Sec.  7.37.
    (b) Requirement for the submission of additional information, 
exhibits, affidavits or declarations, and specimens. The Office may 
require the owner to furnish such information, exhibits, affidavits or 
declarations, and such additional specimens as may be reasonably 
necessary to the proper examination of the affidavit or declaration 
under section 8 of the Act or for the Office to assess and promote the 
accuracy and integrity of the register.
    (c) Fee for deletions of goods, services, and/or classes from a 
registration. Deletions by the owner of goods, services, and/or classes 
from a registration after submission and prior to acceptance of the 
affidavit or declaration must be accompanied by the relevant fee in 
Sec.  2.6(a)(12)(iii) or (iv).

PART 7--RULES OF PRACTICE IN FILINGS PURSUANT TO THE PROTOCOL 
RELATING TO THE MADRID AGREEMENT CONCERNING THE INTERNATIONAL 
REGISTRATION OF MARKS

0
6. The authority citation for 37 CFR part 7 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1123, 35 U.S.C. 2, unless otherwise noted.

0
7. Amend Sec.  7.6 by revising paragraph (a)(6) read as follows:


Sec.  7.6  Schedule of U.S. process fees.

    (a) * * *
    (6) Affidavit under section 71. (i) For filing an affidavit under 
section 71 of the Act on paper, per class--$325.00
    (ii) For filing an affidavit under section 71 of the Act through 
TEAS, per class--$225.00
    (iii) For deleting goods, services, and/or classes after submission 
and prior to acceptance of an affidavit under section 71 of the Act on 
paper, per class--$350.00
    (iv) For deleting goods, services, and/or classes after submission 
and prior to acceptance of an affidavit under section 71 of the Act 
through TEAS, per class--$250.00
* * * * *
0
8. Revise Sec.  7.37 to read as follows:

[[Page 37057]]

Sec.  7.37  Requirements for a complete affidavit or declaration of use 
in commerce or excusable nonuse; requirement for the submission of 
additional information, exhibits, affidavits or declarations, and 
specimens; and fee for deletions of goods, services, and/or classes 
from a registration.

    (a) Requirements for a complete affidavit or declaration. A 
complete affidavit or declaration under section 71 of the Act must:
    (1) Be filed by the holder of the international registration within 
the period set forth in Sec.  7.36(b);
    (2) Include a verified statement attesting to the use in commerce 
or excusable nonuse of the mark within the period set forth in section 
71 of the Act. The verified statement must be executed on or after the 
beginning of the filing period specified in Sec.  7.36(b). A person who 
is properly authorized to sign on behalf of the holder is:
    (i) A person with legal authority to bind the holder;
    (ii) A person with firsthand knowledge of the facts and actual or 
implied authority to act on behalf of the holder; or
    (iii) An attorney as defined in Sec.  11.1 of this chapter who has 
an actual written or verbal power of attorney or an implied power of 
attorney from the holder.
    (3) Include the U.S. registration number;
    (4)(i) Include the fee required by Sec.  7.6 for each class that 
the affidavit or declaration covers;
    (ii) If the affidavit or declaration is filed during the grace 
period under section 71(a)(3) of the Act, include the grace period 
surcharge per class required by Sec.  7.6;
    (iii) If at least one fee is submitted for a multiple-class 
registration, but the fee is insufficient to cover all the classes, and 
the class(es) to which the fee(s) should be applied are not specified, 
the Office will issue a notice requiring either submission of the 
additional fee(s) or specification of the class(es) to which the 
initial fee(s) should be applied. Additional fees may be submitted if 
the requirements of Sec.  7.39 are met. If the additional fee(s) are 
not submitted within the time period set out in the Office action, and 
the class(es) to which the original fee(s) should be applied are not 
specified, the Office will presume that the fee(s) cover the classes in 
ascending order, beginning with the lowest numbered class;
    (5)(i) Specify the goods, services, or nature of the collective 
membership organization for which the mark is in use in commerce, and/
or the goods, services, or nature of the collective membership 
organization for which excusable nonuse is claimed under paragraph 
(a)(6)(ii) of this section; and
    (ii) Specify the goods, services, or classes being deleted from the 
registration, if the affidavit or declaration covers fewer than all the 
goods, services, or classes in the registration;
    (6)(i) State that the registered mark is in use in commerce; or
    (ii) If the registered mark is not in use in commerce on or in 
connection with all the goods, services, or classes specified in the 
registration, set forth the date when such use of the mark in commerce 
stopped and the approximate date when such use is expected to resume; 
and recite facts to show that nonuse as to those goods, services, or 
classes is due to special circumstances that excuse the nonuse and is 
not due to an intention to abandon the mark; and
    (7) Include one specimen showing how the mark is in use in commerce 
for each class in the registration, unless excusable nonuse is claimed 
under paragraph (a)(6)(ii) of this section. When requested by the 
Office, additional specimens must be provided. The specimen must meet 
the requirements of Sec.  2.56 of this chapter.
    (8) Additional requirements for a collective mark: In addition to 
the above requirements, a complete affidavit or declaration pertaining 
to a collective mark must:
    (i) State that the holder is exercising legitimate control over the 
use of the mark in commerce; and
    (ii) State the nature of the holder's control over the use of the 
mark by the members in the first affidavit or declaration filed under 
paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
    (9) Additional requirements for a certification mark: In addition 
to the above requirements, a complete affidavit or declaration 
pertaining to a certification mark must:
    (i) Include a copy of the certification standards specified in 
Sec.  2.45(a)(4)(i)(B) of this chapter;
    (A) Submitting certification standards for the first time. In the 
first affidavit or declaration filed under paragraph (a)(1) of this 
section, include a copy of the certification standards; or
    (B) Certification standards submitted in prior filing. If the 
certification standards in use at the time of filing the affidavit or 
declaration have not changed since the date they were previously 
submitted to the Office, include a statement to that effect; if the 
certification standards in use at the time of filing the affidavit or 
declaration have changed since the date they were previously submitted 
to the Office, include a copy of the revised certification standards;
    (ii) State that the holder is exercising legitimate control over 
the use of the mark in commerce; and
    (iii) Satisfy the requirements of Sec.  2.45(a)(4)(i)(A) and (C) of 
this chapter.
    (b) Requirement for the submission of additional information, 
exhibits, affidavits or declarations, and specimens. The Office may 
require the holder to furnish such information, exhibits, affidavits or 
declarations, and such additional specimens as may be reasonably 
necessary to the proper examination of the affidavit or declaration 
under section 71 of the Act or for the Office to assess and promote the 
accuracy and integrity of the register.
    (c) Fee for deletions of goods, services, and/or classes from a 
registration. Deletions by the holder of goods, services, and/or 
classes from a registration after submission and prior to acceptance of 
the affidavit or declaration must be accompanied by the relevant fee in 
Sec.  7.6(a)(6)(iii) or (iv).

    Dated: June 12, 2020.
Andrei Iancu,
Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Director of 
the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
[FR Doc. 2020-13262 Filed 6-18-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-16-P