[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 78 (Wednesday, April 22, 2020)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 22352-22353]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-08650]


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DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY

U.S. Customs and Border Protection

19 CFR Chapter I


Notification of Temporary Travel Restrictions Applicable to Land 
Ports of Entry and Ferries Service Between the United States and Canada

AGENCY: Office of the Secretary, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; 
U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Department of Homeland 
Security.

ACTION: Notification of continuation of temporary travel restrictions.

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SUMMARY: This document announces the decision of the Secretary of 
Homeland Security (Secretary) to continue to temporarily limit the 
travel of individuals from Canada into the United States at land ports 
of entry along the United States-Canada border. Such travel will be 
limited to ``essential travel,'' as further defined in this document.

DATES: These restrictions go into effect at 12 a.m. Eastern Daylight 
Time (EDT) on April 21, 2020 and will remain in effect until 11:59 p.m. 
EDT on May 20, 2020.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Alyce Modesto, Office of Field 
Operations, U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) at 202-344-3788.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    On March 24, 2020, DHS published notice of the Secretary's decision 
to temporarily limit the travel of individuals from Canada into the 
United States at land ports of entry along the United States-Canada 
border to ``essential travel,'' as further defined in that document.\1\ 
The document described the developing circumstances regarding the 
COVID-19 pandemic and stated that, given the outbreak and continued 
transmission and spread of COVID-19 within the United States and 
globally, the Secretary had determined that the risk of continued 
transmission and spread of COVID-19 between the United States and 
Canada posed a ``specific threat to human life or national interests.'' 
The Secretary's action is currently scheduled to expire at 11:59 p.m. 
EDT on April 20, 2020.
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    \1\ 85 FR 16548 (Mar. 24, 2020). That same day, DHS also 
published notice of the Secretary's decision to temporarily limit 
the travel of individuals from Mexico into the United States at land 
ports of entry along the United States-Mexico border to ``essential 
travel,'' as further defined in that document. 85 FR 16547 (Mar. 24, 
2020).
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    The Secretary has continued to monitor and respond to the COVID-19 
pandemic. As of April 19, there are over 2.2 million confirmed cases 
globally, with over 152,000 confirmed deaths.\2\ There are over 720,000 
confirmed cases within the United States,\3\ over 32,000 in Canada,\4\ 
and over 6,800 in Mexico.\5\
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    \2\ WHO, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report--
90 (Apr. 19, 2020), available at https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200419-sitrep-90-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=551d47fd_4.
    \3\ CDC, Cases of COVID-19 in the U.S. (last updated Apr. 19, 
2020), available at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/cases-in-us.html.
    \4\ WHO, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report--
90 (Apr. 19, 2020).
    \5\ Id.
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Notice of Action

    Given the outbreak and continued transmission and spread of COVID-
19 within the United States and globally, I have determined that the 
risk of continued transmission and spread of

[[Page 22353]]

COVID-19 between the United States and Canada poses an ongoing 
``specific threat to human life or national interests.''
    U.S. and Canadian officials have mutually determined that non-
essential travel between the United States and Canada poses additional 
risk of transmission and spread of COVID-19 and places the populace of 
both nations at increased risk of contracting COVID-19. Moreover, given 
the sustained human-to-human transmission of the virus, returning to 
previous levels of travel between the two nations places the personnel 
staffing land ports of entry between the United States and Canada, as 
well as the individuals traveling through these ports of entry, at 
increased risk of exposure to COVID-19. Accordingly, and consistent 
with the authority granted in 19 U.S.C. 1318(b)(1)(C) and (b)(2),\6\ I 
have determined that land ports of entry along the U.S.-Canada border 
will continue to suspend normal operations and will only allow 
processing for entry into the United States of those travelers engaged 
in ``essential travel,'' as defined below. Given the definition of 
``essential travel'' below, this temporary alteration in land ports of 
entry operations should not interrupt legitimate trade between the two 
nations or disrupt critical supply chains that ensure food, fuel, 
medicine, and other critical materials reach individuals on both sides 
of the border.
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    \6\ 19 U.S.C. 1318(b)(1)(C) provides that ``[n]otwithstanding 
any other provision of law, the Secretary of the Treasury, when 
necessary to respond to a national emergency declared under the 
National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.) or to a specific 
threat to human life or national interests,'' is authorized to 
``take any . . . action that may be necessary to respond directly to 
the national emergency or specific threat.'' On March 1, 2003, 
certain functions of the Secretary of the Treasury were transferred 
to the Secretary of Homeland Security. See 6 U.S.C. 202(2), 203(1). 
Under 6 U.S.C. 212(a)(1), authorities ``related to Customs revenue 
functions'' were reserved to the Secretary of the Treasury. To the 
extent that any authority under section 1318(b)(1) was reserved to 
the Secretary of the Treasury, it has been delegated to the 
Secretary of Homeland Security. See Treas. Dep't Order No. 100-16 
(May 15, 2003), 68 FR 28322 (May 23, 2003). Additionally, 19 U.S.C. 
1318(b)(2) provides that ``[n]otwithstanding any other provision of 
law, the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, when 
necessary to respond to a specific threat to human life or national 
interests, is authorized to close temporarily any Customs office or 
port of entry or take any other lesser action that may be necessary 
to respond to the specific threat.'' Congress has vested in the 
Secretary of Homeland Security the ``functions of all officers, 
employees, and organizational units of the Department,'' including 
the Commissioner of CBP. 6 U.S.C. 112(a)(3).
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    For purposes of the temporary alteration in certain designated 
ports of entry operations authorized under 19 U.S.C. 1318(b)(1)(C) and 
(b)(2), travel through the land ports of entry and ferry terminals 
along the United States-Canada border shall be limited to ``essential 
travel,'' which includes, but is not limited to--
     U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents returning to 
the United States;
     Individuals traveling for medical purposes (e.g., to 
receive medical treatment in the United States);
     Individuals traveling to attend educational institutions;
     Individuals traveling to work in the United States (e.g., 
individuals working in the farming or agriculture industry who must 
travel between the United States and Canada in furtherance of such 
work);
     Individuals traveling for emergency response and public 
health purposes (e.g., government officials or emergency responders 
entering the United States to support federal, state, local, tribal, or 
territorial government efforts to respond to COVID-19 or other 
emergencies);
     Individuals engaged in lawful cross-border trade (e.g., 
truck drivers supporting the movement of cargo between the United 
States and Canada);
     Individuals engaged in official government travel or 
diplomatic travel;
     Members of the U.S. Armed Forces, and the spouses and 
children of members of the U.S. Armed Forces, returning to the United 
States; and
     Individuals engaged in military-related travel or 
operations.
    The following travel does not fall within the definition of 
``essential travel'' for purposes of this Notification--
     Individuals traveling for tourism purposes (e.g., 
sightseeing, recreation, gambling, or attending cultural events).
    At this time, this notification does not apply to air, freight 
rail, or sea travel between the United States and Canada, but does 
apply to passenger rail and ferry travel between the United States and 
Canada. These restrictions are temporary in nature and shall remain in 
effect until 11:59 p.m. EDT on May 20, 2020. This notification may be 
amended or rescinded prior to that time, based on circumstances 
associated with the specific threat.
    The Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is 
hereby directed to prepare and distribute appropriate guidance to CBP 
personnel on the continued implementation of the temporary measures set 
forth in this Notification. The CBP Commissioner may determine that 
other forms of travel, such as travel in furtherance of economic 
stability or social order, constitute ``essential travel'' under this 
notification. Further, the CBP Commissioner may, on an individualized 
basis and for humanitarian reasons or for other purposes in the 
national interest, permit the processing of travelers to the United 
States not engaged in ``essential travel.''
    The Acting Secretary of Homeland Security, Chad F. Wolf, having 
reviewed and approved this document, is delegating the authority to 
electronically sign this document to Chad R. Mizelle, who is the Senior 
Official Performing the Duties of the General Counsel for DHS, for 
purposes of publication in the Federal Register.

Chad R. Mizelle,
Senior Official Performing the Duties of the General Counsel, U.S. 
Department of Homeland Security.
[FR Doc. 2020-08650 Filed 4-20-20; 2:00 pm]
 BILLING CODE 9112-FP-P