[Federal Register Volume 85, Number 78 (Wednesday, April 22, 2020)]
[Notices]
[Pages 22466-22470]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2020-08489]
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-88668; File No. SR-NASDAQ-2020-016]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC;
Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change To
Adopt a New Rule Titled Transfer of Positions Within Options 6, Section
5
April 16, 2020.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice is hereby given that
on April 14, 2020, The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (``Nasdaq'' or
``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in Items I and
II, below, which Items have been prepared by the Exchange. The
Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the
proposed rule change from interested persons.
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\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange proposes to adopt a new rule of The Nasdaq Stock
Market LLC (``NOM'') titled ``Transfer of Positions'' within NOM
Options 6, Section 5.
The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's
website at http://nasdaq.cchwallstreet.com, at the principal office of
the Exchange, and at the Commission's Public Reference Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in
sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to adopt a new rule titled, ``Transfer of
Positions'' within NOM Options 6, Section 5, which is currently
reserved. Today, NOM does not permit transfers. This proposed rule
specifies the specific limited circumstances under which a Participant
may effect transfers of positions. This rule would permit market
participants to move positions from one account to another without
first exposure of the transaction on the NOM. This rule would permit
transfers upon the occurrence of significant, non-recurring events. The
proposed rule change is similar to Cboe Rule 6.7.\3\
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\3\ See Securities and Exchange Act Release No. 88424 (March 19,
2020), 85 FR 16981 (March 25, 2020) (SR-Cboe-2019-035) (Notice of
Filing of Amendment Nos. 1 and 2 and Order Granting Accelerated
Approval of a Proposed Rule Change, as Modified by Amendment Nos. 1
and 2, Regarding Off-Floor Position Transfers).
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Permissible Transfers
The Exchange proposes to adopt new Options 6, Section 5 titled
``Transfer of Positions'' to provide for the circumstances pursuant to
which Participants may transfer their options positions without first
exposing the order. This rule states that a Participant must be on at
least one side of the transfer. This rule is similar to CBOE Rule 6.7.
Currently, NOM has no rule that specifically addresses transfers.
The Exchange proposes to provide at proposed Options 6, Section
5(a), ``Permissible Transfers. Existing positions in options listed on
the Exchange of a Participant or non-Participant that are to be
transferred on, from, or to the books of a Clearing Participant may be
transferred off the if the transfer involves one or more of the
following events:
(1) Pursuant to General 9, Section 1, an adjustment or transfer in
connection with the correction of a bona fide error in the recording of
a transaction or the transferring of a position to another account,
provided that the original trade documentation confirms the error;
(2) the transfer of positions from one account to another account
where no change in ownership is involved (i.e., accounts of the same
Person, provided the accounts are not in separate aggregation units or
otherwise subject to information barrier or account segregation
requirements;
[[Page 22467]]
(3) the consolidation of accounts where no change in ownership is
involved;
(4) a merger, acquisition, consolidation, or similar non-recurring
transaction for a Person;
(5) the dissolution of a joint account in which the remaining
Participant assumes the positions of the joint account;
(6) the dissolution of a corporation or partnership in which a
former nominee of the corporation or partnership assumes the positions;
(7) positions transferred as part of a Participant's capital
contribution to a new joint account, partnership, or corporation;
(8) the donation of positions to a not-for-profit corporation;
(9) the transfer of positions to a minor under the Uniform Gifts to
Minors Act; or
(10) the transfer of positions through operation of law from death,
bankruptcy, or otherwise.\4\
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\4\ See Cboe Rule 6.7(a).
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The Exchange proposes to define ``Person'' as ``an individual,
partnership (general or limited), joint stock company, corporation,
limited liability company, trust or unincorporated organization, or any
governmental entity or agency or political subdivision thereof.'' \5\
The proposed rule change makes clear that the transferred positions
must be on, from, or to the books of a Clearing Member. The proposed
rule change states that existing positions of a Participant or a non-
Participant may be subject to a transfer, except under specified
circumstances in which a transfer may only be effected for positions of
a Participant.\6\ The Exchange notes transfers of positions in
Exchange-listed options may also be subject to applicable laws, rules,
and regulations, including rules of other self-regulatory
organizations.\7\ Except as explicitly provided in the proposed rule
text, the proposed rule change is not intended to exempt position
transfers from any other applicable rules or regulations, and proposed
paragraph (h) makes this clear in the rule.
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\5\ See Cboe Rule 1.1.
\6\ See proposed Options 6, Section 5(a)(5) and (7).
\7\ See proposed Options 6, Section 5(h).
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Proposed Options 6, Section (b) codifies Exchange guidance
regarding certain restrictions on permissible transfers related to
netting of open positions and to margin and haircut treatment, unless
otherwise permitted by proposed paragraph (f). No position may net
against another position (``netting''), and no position transfer may
result in preferential margin or haircut treatment.\8\ Netting occurs
when long positions and short positions in the same series ``offset''
against each other, leaving no or a reduced position. For example, if a
Participant wanted to transfer 100 long calls to another account that
contained short calls of the same options series as well as other
positions, even if the transfer is permitted pursuant to one of the 10
permissible events listed in the proposed Rule, the Participant could
not transfer the offsetting series, as they would net against each
other and close the positions.\9\
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\8\ For example, positions may not transfer from a customer,
joint back office, or firm account to a Market Maker account.
However, positions may transfer from a Market Maker account to a
customer, joint back office, or firm account (assuming no netting of
positions occurs).
\9\ See Cboe Rule 6.7(b).
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However, netting is permitted for transfers on behalf of a Market
Maker account for transactions in multiply listed options series on
different options exchanges, but only if the Market Maker nominees are
trading for the same Participant, and the options transactions on the
different options exchanges clear into separate exchange-specific
accounts because they cannot easily clear into the same Market Maker
account at the Clearing Corporation. In such instances, all Market
Maker positions in the exchange-specific accounts for the multiply
listed class would be automatically transferred on their trade date
into one central Market Maker account (commonly referred to as a
``universal account'') at the Clearing Corporation. Positions cleared
into a universal account would automatically net against each other.
Options exchanges permit different naming conventions with respect to
Market Maker account acronyms (for example, lettering versus numbering
and number of characters), which are used for accounts at the Clearing
Corporation. A Market Maker may have a nominee with an appointment in
class XYZ on Phlx, and have another nominee with an appointment in
class XYZ on NOM, but due to account acronym naming conventions, those
nominees may need to clear their transactions into separate accounts
(one for Phlx Options transactions and another for NOM transactions) at
the Clearing Corporation rather into a universal account (in which
account the positions may net). The proposed rule change permits
transfers from these separate exchange-specific accounts into the
Market Maker's universal account in this circumstance to achieve this
purpose.
Transfer Price
Proposed Options 6, Section 5(c) states the transfer price, to the
extent it is consistent with applicable laws, rules, and regulations,
including rules of other self-regulatory organizations, and tax and
accounting rules and regulations, at which an transfer is effected may
be: (1) The original trade prices of the positions that appear on the
books of the trading Clearing Participant, in which case the records of
the transfer must indicate the original trade dates for the positions;
provided, transfers to correct bona fide errors pursuant to proposed
subparagraph (a)(1) must be transferred at the correct original trade
prices; (2) mark-to-market prices of the positions at the close of
trading on the transfer date; (3) mark-to-market prices of the
positions at the close of trading on the trade date prior to the
transfer date; \10\ or (4) the then-current market price of the
positions at the time the transfer is effected.\11\
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\10\ For example, for a transfer that occurs on a Tuesday, the
transfer price may be based on the closing market price on Monday.
\11\ See Cboe Rule 6.7(c).
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This proposed rule change provides market participants that effect
transactions with flexibility to select a transfer price based on
circumstances of the transfer and their business. However, for
corrections of bona fide errors, because those transfers are necessary
to correct processing errors that occurred at the time of transaction,
those transfers would occur at the original transaction price, as the
purpose of the transfer is to create the originally intended result of
the transaction.
Prior Written Notice
Proposed Options 6, Section 5(d) requires a Participant and its
Clearing Participant (to the extent that the Participant is not self-
clearing) to submit to the Exchange, in a manner determined by the
Exchange, written notice prior to effecting an transfer from or to the
account of a Participant(s).\12\ The notice must indicate: The
Exchange-listed options positions to be transferred; the nature of the
transaction; the enumerated provision(s) under proposed paragraph (a)
pursuant to which the positions are being transferred; the name of the
counterparty(ies); the anticipated transfer date; the method for
determining the transfer price; and any
[[Page 22468]]
other information requested by the Exchange.\13\ The proposed notice
will ensure the Exchange is aware of all transfers so that it can
monitor and review them (including the records that must be retained
pursuant to proposed paragraph (e)) to determine whether they are
effected in accordance with the Rules.
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\12\ This notice provision applies only to transfers involving a
Participant's positions and not to positions of non-Participant
parties, as they are not subject to the Rules. In addition, no
notice would be required to effect transfers to correct bona fide
errors pursuant to proposed subparagraph (a)(1).
\13\ See Cboe Rule 6.7(d).
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Additionally, requiring notice from the Participant(s) and its
Clearing Participant(s) will ensure both parties are in agreement with
respect to the terms of the transfer. As noted in proposed subparagraph
(d)(2), receipt of notice of an transfer does not constitute a
determination by the Exchange that the transfer was effected or
reported in conformity with the requirements of proposed Section 10(b).
Notwithstanding submission of written notice to the Exchange,
Participants and Clearing Participants that effect transfers that do
not conform to the requirements of proposed Section 10(b) will be
subject to appropriate disciplinary action in accordance with the
Rules.
Records
Similarly, proposed Options 6, Section 5(e) requires each
Participant and each Clearing Participant that is a party to a transfer
must make and retain records of the information provided in the written
notice to the Exchange pursuant to proposed subparagraph (e)(1), as
well as information on the actual Exchange-listed options that are
ultimately transferred, the actual transfer date, and the actual
transfer price (and the original trade dates, if applicable), and any
other information the Exchange may request the Participant or Clearing
Participant provide.\14\
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\14\ See Cboe Rule 6.7(e).
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Presidential Exemption
Proposed paragraph (f) provides exemptions approved by the
Exchange's Chief Executive Officer or President (or senior-level
designee). Specifically, this provision is in addition to the
exemptions set forth in proposed paragraph (a). The Exchange proposes
that the Exchange Chief Executive Officer or President (or senior-level
designee) may grant an exemption from the requirement of this proposed
Rule, on his or her own motion or upon application of the Participant
(with respect to the Participant's positions) or a Clearing Member
(with respect to positions carried and cleared by the Clearing
Members). The Chief Executive Officer, the President or his or her
designee, may permit a transfer if necessary or appropriate for the
maintenance of a fair and orderly market and the protection of
investors and is in the public interest, including due to unusual or
extraordinary circumstances. For example, an exemption may be granted
if the market value of the Person's positions would be compromised by
having to comply with the requirement to trade on the Exchange pursuant
to the normal auction process or when, in the judgment of the Chief
Executive Officer, President or his or her designee, market conditions
make trading on the Exchange impractical.\15\
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\15\ See Cboe Rule 6.7(f).
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Routine, Recurring Transfers
The Exchange proposes within Options 6, Section 5(g) that the
transfer procedure set forth in Options 6, Section 5 is intended to
facilitate non-routine, nonrecurring movements of positions.\16\ The
transfer procedure is not to be used repeatedly or routinely in
circumvention of the normal auction market process.
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\16\ See Cboe Rule 6.7(g).
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Exchange-Listed Options
The Exchange proposes within Options 6, Section 5(h) notes that the
transfer procedure set forth in Options 6, Section 5 is only applicable
to positions in options listed on the Exchange. Transfers of positions
in Exchange-listed options may also be subject to applicable laws,
rules, and regulations, including rules of other self-regulatory
organizations. Transfers of non-Exchange listed options and other
financial instruments are not governed by this Rule.\17\
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\17\ See Cboe Rule 6.7(h).
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2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that its proposal is consistent with Section
6(b) of the Act,\18\ in general, and furthers the objectives of Section
6(b)(5) of the Act,\19\ in particular, in that it is designed to
promote just and equitable principles of trade, to remove impediments
to and perfect the mechanism of a free and open market and a national
market system, and, in general to protect investors and the public
interest.
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\18\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
\19\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
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Specifically, the Exchange believes the proposed transfer rule is
consistent with the Section 6(b)(5) \20\ requirements that the rules of
an exchange be designed to prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and
practices, to promote just and equitable principles of trade, to foster
cooperation and coordination with persons engaged in regulating,
clearing, settling, processing information with respect to, and
facilitating transactions in securities, to remove impediments to and
perfect the mechanism of a free and open market and a national market
system, and, in general, to protect investors and the public interest.
Additionally, the Exchange believes the proposed rule change is
consistent with the Section 6(b)(5) \21\ requirement that the rules of
an exchange not be designed to permit unfair discrimination between
customers, issuers, brokers, or dealers.
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\20\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
\21\ Id.
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The Exchange believes that permitting transfers under new Options
6, Section 5 in very limited circumstances is reasonable to allow a
Member to accomplish certain goals efficiently. The proposed rule
permits transfers in situations involving dissolutions of entities or
accounts, for purposes of donations, mergers or by operation of law.
For example, a Participant that is undergoing a structural change and a
one-time movement of positions may require a transfer of positions or a
Participant that is leaving a firm that will no longer be in business
may require a transfer of positions to another firm. Also, a
Participant may require a transfer of positions to make a capital
contribution. The above-referenced circumstances are non-recurring
situations where the transferor continues to maintain some ownership
interest or manage the positions transferred. By contrast, repeated or
routine transfers between entities or accounts--even if there is no
change in beneficial ownership as a result of the transfer--is
inconsistent with the purposes for which the proposed rule was adopted.
Accordingly, the Exchange believes that such activity should not be
permitted under the rules and thus, seeks to adopt language in proposed
paragraph (f) to proposed Options 6, Section 5 that the transfer of
positions procedures set forth the proposed rule are intended to
facilitate non-recurring movements of positions.
The proposed rule change will provide market participants that
experience these limited, non-recurring events with an efficient and
effective means to transfer positions in these situations. The Exchange
believes the proposed rule change regarding permissible transfer prices
provides market participants with flexibility to determine the price
appropriate for their business, which maintain cost bases in accordance
with normal accounting practices and removes impediments to a free and
open market.
[[Page 22469]]
The proposed rule change which requires notice and maintenance of
records will ensure the Exchange is able to review transfers for
compliance with the Rules, which prevents fraudulent and manipulative
acts and practices. The requirement to retain records is consistent
with the requirements of Rule 17a-3 and 17a-4 under the Act.
Similar to Cboe Rule 6.7, the Exchange would permit a presidential
exemption. The Exchange believes that this exemption is consistent with
the Act because the Exchange's Chief Executive Officer or President (or
senior-level designee) would consider an exemption in very limited
circumstances. The transfer process is intended to facilitate non-
routine, nonrecurring movements of positions and, therefore, is not to
be used repeatedly or routinely in circumvention of the normal auction
market process. Proposed Options 6, Section 5(f) specifically provides
within the rule text that the Exchange's Chief Executive Officer or
President (or senior-level designee) may in his or her judgment allow a
transfer if it is necessary or appropriate for the maintenance of a
fair and orderly market and the protection of investors and is in the
public interest, including due to unusual or extraordinary
circumstances such as the market value of the Person's positions will
be comprised by having to comply with the requirement to trade on the
Exchange pursuant to the normal auction process or, when in the
judgment of President or his or her designee, market conditions make
trading on the Exchange impractical. These standards within proposed
Options 6, Section 5(f) are intended to provide guidance concerning the
use of this exemption which is intended to provide the Exchange with
the ability to utilize the exemption for the maintenance of a fair and
orderly market and the protection of investors and is in the public
interest. The Exchange believes that the exemption is consistent with
the Act because it would allow the Exchange's Chief Executive Officer
or President (or senior-level designee) to act in certain situations
which comply with the guidance within Options 6, Section 5(f) which are
intended to protect investors and the general public. While Cboe grants
an exemption to the President (or senior-level designee),\22\ the
Exchange has elected to grant an exemption to Exchange's Chief
Executive Officer or President (or senior-level designee), who are
similarly situated with the organization as senior-level individuals.
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\22\ See Cboe Rule 6.7(f).
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B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will
impose any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate
in furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
The Exchange does not believe the proposed rule change will impose
an undue burden on intra-market competition as the transfer procedure
may be utilized by any Participant and the rule will apply uniformly to
all Participants. Use of the transfer procedure is voluntary, and all
Participants may use the procedure to transfer positions as long as the
criteria in the proposed rule are satisfied. With this change, a
Participant that experiences limited permissible, non-recurring events
would have an efficient and effective means to transfer positions in
these situations. The Exchange believes the proposed rule change
regarding permissible transfer prices provides market participants with
flexibility to determine the price appropriate for their business,
which determine prices in accordance with normal accounting practices
and removes impediments to a free and open market. The Exchange does
not believe the proposed notice and record requirements are unduly
burdensome to market participants. The Exchange believes the proposed
requirements are reasonable and will ensure the Exchange is aware of
transfers and would be able to monitor and review the transfers to
ensure the transfer falls within the proposed rule.
Adopting an exemption, similar to Cboe Rule 6.7, to permit the
Exchange's Chief Executive Officer or President (or senior-level
designee) to grant an exemption to Options 6, Section 5(a) prohibition
if, in his or her judgment, does not impose an undue burden on
competition. Circumstances where, due to unusual or extraordinary
circumstances such as the market value of the Person's positions would
be comprised by having to comply with the requirement to trade on the
Exchange pursuant to the normal auction process or, would be taken into
consideration in each case where, in the judgment of the Exchange's
Chief Executive Officer or President (or senior-level designee), market
conditions make trading on the Exchange impractical.
The Exchange does not believe the proposed rule change will impose
an undue burden on inter-market competition. The proposed position
transfer procedure is not intended to be a competitive trading tool.
The proposed rule change permits, in limited circumstances, a transfer
to facilitate non-routine, nonrecurring movements of positions. As
provided for in proposed Options 6, Section 5(g), it would not be used
repeatedly or routinely in circumvention of the normal auction market
process. Proposed Options 6, Section 5(a) specifically provides within
the rule text that the Exchange's Chief Executive Officer or President
(or senior-level designee) may in his or her judgment allow a transfer
for the maintenance of a fair and orderly market and the protection of
investors and is in the public interest. The Exchange believes that the
exemption does not impose an undue burden on competition as the
Exchange's Chief Executive Officer or President (or senior-level
designee) would apply the exemption consistent with the guidance within
Options 6, Section 5(f). Additionally, as discussed above, the proposed
rule change is similar to Cboe Rule 6.7. The Exchange believes having
similar rules related to transfer positions to those of other options
exchanges will reduce the administrative burden on market participants
of determining whether their transfers comply with multiple sets of
rules.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were either solicited or received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Because the foregoing proposed rule change does not: (i)
Significantly affect the protection of investors or the public
interest; (ii) impose any significant burden on competition; and (iii)
become operative for 30 days from the date on which it was filed, or
such shorter time as the Commission may designate, it has become
effective pursuant to Section 19(b)(3)(A)(iii) of the Act \23\ and
subparagraph (f)(6) of Rule 19b-4 thereunder.\24\
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\23\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(iii).
\24\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(6). In addition, Rule 19b-4(f)(6)
requires a self-regulatory organization to give the Commission
written notice of its intent to file the proposed rule change at
least five business days prior to the date of filing of the proposed
rule change, or such shorter time as designated by the Commission.
The Exchange has satisfied this requirement.
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A proposed rule change filed under Rule 19b-4(f)(6) normally does
not become operative for 30 days from the
[[Page 22470]]
date of filing. However, Rule 19b-4(f)(6)(iii) \25\ permits the
Commission to designate a shorter time if such action is consistent
with the protection of investors and the public interest. The Exchange
has asked the Commission to waive the 30-day operative delay. The
Commission notes that waiver of the operative delay would provide
Participants with the ability to request a transfer, for limited, non-
recurring types of transfers, without the need for exposing those
orders on the Exchange, similar to Cboe.\26\ The Commission believes
that waiver of the 30-day operative delay is consistent with the
protection of investors and the public interest. Accordingly, the
Commission waives the 30-day operative delay and designates the
proposed rule change operative upon filing.\27\
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\25\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(6)(iii).
\26\ See CBOE Rule 6.7.
\27\ For purposes only of waiving the 30-day operative delay,
the Commission has also considered the proposed rule's impact on
efficiency, competition, and capital formation. See 15 U.S.C.
78c(f).
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At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed rule
change, the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule
change if it appears to the Commission that such action is necessary or
appropriate in the public interest, for the protection of investors, or
otherwise in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. If the Commission
takes such action, the Commission shall institute proceedings to
determine whether the proposed rule should be approved or disapproved.
IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's internet comment form (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an email to [email protected]. Please include
File Number SR-NASDAQ-2020-016 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2020-016. This
file number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To
help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on
the Commission's internet website (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml).
Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written
statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with
the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed
rule change between the Commission and any person, other than those
that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions
of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for website viewing and printing in
the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC
20549, on official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and
3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available for inspection
and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All comments
received will be posted without change. Persons submitting comments are
cautioned that we do not redact or edit personal identifying
information from comment submissions. You should submit only
information that you wish to make available publicly. All submissions
should refer to File Number SR-NASDAQ-2020-016 and should be submitted
on or before May 13, 2020.
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\28\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\28\
J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Assistant Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2020-08489 Filed 4-21-20; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P