[Federal Register Volume 84, Number 169 (Friday, August 30, 2019)]
[Notices]
[Pages 45821-45823]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2019-18838]


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OFFICE OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE


Notice of Modification of Section 301 Action: China's Acts, 
Policies, and Practices Related to Technology Transfer, Intellectual 
Property, and Innovation

AGENCY: Office of the United States Trade Representative.

ACTION: Notice of modification of action.

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SUMMARY: In accordance with the specific direction of the President, 
the U.S. Trade Representative has determined to modify the action being 
taken in this Section 301 investigation by increasing the rate of 
additional duty from 10 to 15 percent for the products of China covered 
by the $300 billion tariff action published on August 20, 2019.

DATES: For products covered by Annex A of the August 20, 2019 notice 
(84 FR 43304), the rate of additional duty will be 15 percent on the 
current effective date of September 1, 2019. For products covered by 
Annex C of the August 20 notice, the rate of additional duty will be 15 
percent on the current effective date of December 15, 2019.

[[Page 45822]]


FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For questions about this action, 
contact Associate General Counsel Arthur Tsao or Assistant General 
Counsel Megan Grimball, or Director of Industrial Goods Justin Hoffmann 
at (202) 395-5725. For questions on customs classification or 
implementation of additional duties on products identified in the 
Annexes to this notice, contact [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

A. Prior Determinations in the Investigation

    On August 18, 2017, the U.S. Trade Representative initiated an 
investigation into certain acts, policies, and practices of the 
Government of China related to technology transfer, intellectual 
property, and innovation. 82 FR 40213 (August 23, 2017). In April 2018, 
the U.S. Trade Representative published a notice of a determination 
that the acts, policies, and practices of China under investigation are 
unreasonable or discriminatory and burden or restrict U.S. commerce, 
and are thus actionable under Section 301(b) of the Trade Act of 1974, 
as amended (Trade Act). 83 FR 14906 (April 6, 2018).
    Up through early May 2019, the U.S. Trade Representative, at the 
direction of the President, determined to take actions resulting in the 
imposition of an additional 25 percent ad valorem duty on products of 
China with an aggregate annual trade value of approximately $250 
billion in order to obtain the elimination of China's acts, policies, 
and practices covered in the investigation. As explained in prior 
notices, the actions do not relate to China's acts, policies, and 
practices involving technology licensing, which are being addressed 
separately in a WTO dispute settlement proceeding.
    The U.S. Trade Representative imposed these additional duties in 
three tranches. Tranche 1 covered 818 tariff subheadings, with an 
approximate annual trade value of $34 billion. See 83 FR 28710 (June 
20, 2018). Tranche 2 covered 279 tariff subheadings, with an 
approximate annual trade value of $16 billion. See 83 FR 40823 (August 
16, 2018). Tranche 3 covered 5,733 tariff subheadings, with an 
approximate annual trade value of $200 billion. See 83 FR 47974 
(September 21, 2018); 83 FR 49153 (September 28, 2018); and 84 FR 20459 
(May 9, 2019).
    As of mid-May 2019, China's statements and conduct indicated that 
action at a $250 billion level was insufficient to obtain the 
elimination of China's unfair and harmful policies. Accordingly, the 
President directed the U.S. Trade Representative to consider a possible 
modification of the action being taken in the form of additional duties 
of up to 25 percent on products of China with an annual aggregate trade 
value of approximately $300 billion. In a notice published on May 17, 
2019 (84 FR 22564), the Office of the United States Trade 
Representative invited public comments and announced a public hearing 
with regard to the possible imposition of additional duties of up to 25 
percent on a specific list of tariff subheadings with an approximate 
annual trade value of $300 billion. The notice and comment process 
concluded in early July 2019.
    In August 2019, the U.S. Trade Representative, at the direction of 
the President, determined to modify the action being taken in the 
investigation by imposing an additional 10 percent ad valorem duty on 
products of China with an annual aggregate trade value of approximately 
$300 billion. 84 FR 43304 (August 20, 2019). The August 20 notice 
contains two separate lists of tariff subheadings, with two different 
effective dates. List 1, which is set out in Annex A of the August 20 
notice, is effective September 1, 2019. List 2, which is set out in 
Annex C of the August 20 notice, is effective December 15, 2019.

B. Modification of Action

    The Section 301 statute (set out in Sections 301 to 308 of the 
Trade Act) (19 U.S.C. 2411-2418) includes authority for the U.S. Trade 
Representative to modify the action being taken in an investigation. In 
particular, Section 307(a)(1) authorizes the U.S. Trade Representative 
to modify or terminate any action taken under Section 301, subject to 
the specific direction, if any, of the President, if the burden or 
restriction on United States commerce of the acts, policies, and 
practices that are the subject of the action has increased or 
decreased, or the action is being taken under Section 301(b) and is no 
longer appropriate.
    The burden or restriction on United States commerce of the acts, 
policies, and practices that are the subject of the Section 301 action 
continues to increase. China's unfair acts, policies, and practices 
include not just its technology transfer and IP polices referenced in 
the notice of initiation in the investigation, but also China's 
subsequent defensive actions taken to maintain those unfair acts, 
policies, and practices as determined in that investigation. China has 
determined to impose tariffs on a substantial majority of U.S. goods 
exported to China, with the goal of pressuring the United States to 
cease its efforts to obtain the elimination of China's unfair policies. 
China has further taken or threatened to take additional 
countermeasures, including non-tariff measures, against commerce of the 
United States. For example, China has taken concrete steps to devalue 
its currency. See https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm751. 
Most recently, shortly following the August 2019 announcement of the 
$300 billion action, China responded by announcing further tariffs on 
U.S. goods, starting September 1, 2019. In short, instead of addressing 
the underlying problems, China has increased tariffs and adopted or 
threatened additional retaliation to further protect the unreasonable 
acts, policies, and practices identified in the investigation, 
resulting in increased harm to the U.S. economy.
    China's most recent response of announcing a new tariff increase on 
U.S. goods has shown that the current action being taken is no longer 
appropriate. The United States is engaging with China with the goal of 
obtaining the elimination of the acts, policies, and practices covered 
in the investigation. The leaders of the United States and China met on 
December 1, 2018, and agreed to hold negotiations on a range of issues, 
including those covered in this Section 301 investigation. See https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/statement-press-secretary-regarding-presidents-working-dinner-china. Since the meeting on 
December 1, 2018, the United States and China have engaged in 
additional rounds of negotiation on these issues, including meetings in 
March, April, May, and July 2019. At certain times in these 
discussions, China has offered specific commitments that were 
constructive towards reaching a resolution of this matter. However, 
China more recently has retreated from these commitments, indicating 
that the action currently being taken is not effective in obtaining the 
elimination of the unfair acts, policies, and practices covered in the 
investigation. And as noted, China's specific response to the $300 
billion action at a 10 percent rate of additional duty was not to 
address U.S. concerns, but rather to impose further retaliatory tariffs 
on U.S. commerce.
    For these reasons, and in accordance with the specific direction of 
the President, the U.S. Trade Representative has determined to modify 
the action being taken in the investigation by increasing the rate of 
additional duty from 10 percent ad valorem to 15 percent ad valorem on 
the goods of China specified in Annex A and Annex C of the August 20 
notice.

[[Page 45823]]

    As noted above, the May 17, 2019 notice invited public comments on 
duties of up to 25 percent on the products covered by the proposed $300 
billion action. The current modification in the rate of additional duty 
takes into account the public comments and testimony, as well as advice 
from advisory committees and the interagency Section 301 committee, 
concerning the action proposed in the May 17 notice.
    The Annex to this notice amends the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of 
the United States to provide that the rate of additional duties for the 
products covered in Annex A and Annex C of the August 20 notice will be 
15 percent. This increase in the rate of duty does not change the 
effective date of Annex A (September 1, 2019) or of Annex C (December 
15, 2019).

Annex

    Effective with respect to goods entered for consumption, or 
withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. 
eastern daylight time on September 1, 2019, subchapter III of chapter 
99 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) is 
modified:
    1. By amending U.S. Note 20(r) to subchapter III of chapter 99, as 
established by the U.S. Trade Representative in a determination 
contained in 84 Federal Register 43304 (August 20, 2019), by deleting 
``10 percent'' each place that it appears, and inserting ``15 percent'' 
in lieu thereof; and
    2. by amending the Rates of Duty 1-General column of heading 
9903.88.15, as established by the U.S. Trade Representative in a 
determination contained in 84 Federal Register 43304 (August 20, 2019), 
by deleting ``10%'', and inserting ``15%'' in lieu thereof.
    Effective with respect to goods entered for consumption, or 
withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. 
eastern daylight time on December 15, 2019, subchapter III of chapter 
99 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States is modified:
    1. By amending U.S. Note 20(t) to subchapter III of chapter 99, as 
established by the U.S. Trade Representative in a determination 
contained in 84 Federal Register 43304 (August 20, 2019), by deleting 
``10 percent'' each place that it appears, and inserting ``15 percent'' 
in lieu thereof; and
    2. by amending the Rates of Duty 1-General column of heading 
9903.88.16, as established by the U.S. Trade Representative in a 
determination contained in 84 Federal Register 43304 (August 20, 2019), 
by deleting ``10%'', and inserting ``15%'' in lieu thereof.

Joseph Barloon,
General Counsel, Office of the U.S. Trade Representative.
[FR Doc. 2019-18838 Filed 8-27-19; 4:15 pm]
 BILLING CODE 3290-F9-P