[Federal Register Volume 84, Number 69 (Wednesday, April 10, 2019)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 14554-14579]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2019-06581]



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Vol. 84

Wednesday,

No. 69

April 10, 2019

Part III





 Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission





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29 CFR Part 2200





 Rules of Procedure; Final Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 84 , No. 69 / Wednesday, April 10, 2019 / 
Rules and Regulations  

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION

29 CFR Part 2200


Rules of Procedure

AGENCY: Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission 
(``OSHRC'' or ``Commission'') is making comprehensive revisions to the 
procedural rules governing practice before the Occupational Safety and 
Health Review Commission.

DATES: These revised rules will take effect on June 10, 2019. They 
apply to all cases docketed on or after that date. They also apply to 
proceedings in cases pending on that date, except to the extent that 
their application would be infeasible or would work an injustice, in 
which event the present rules apply.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ron Bailey, via telephone at 202-606-
5410, or via email at [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Background

    On September 7, 2018, the Commission published in the Federal 
Register an Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPR). 83 FR 45366 
(September 7, 2018). In that notice the Commission announced that it 
was considering comprehensive revisions to its procedural rules in 
light of technological advances, including implementation of the 
Commission's electronic-filing system, and the evolution of practice 
before the Commission since the last comprehensive revision of its 
rules of procedure in 2005. The Commission expressed interest in 
recommended changes to any rule and announced that it was especially 
interested in whether: Rules on the computation of time should be 
simplified; electronic filing and service should be mandatory and, if 
so, what exceptions, if any, should be allowed; the definition of 
``affected employee'' should be broadened; citing to Commission 
decisions as posted on the agency's website should be allowed; the rule 
on the staying of a final order is not needed and should be eliminated; 
the requirement for agency approval of settlements should be narrowed 
or eliminated; the grounds for obtaining Commission review of 
interlocutory orders issued by its administrative law judges should be 
revised; protection of sensitive personal information should be 
broadened; and whether the threshold amount for cases referred for 
mandatory settlement proceedings should be increased. The Commission 
thanks those who responded to the ANPR for their time and interest; the 
submitted comments were helpful and aided the Commission in formulating 
a number of these rule changes.

II. Revisions to Rules

    Following an internal review of the rules and having considered all 
the comments submitted in response to the ANPR, the Commission has made 
comprehensive revisions to the procedural rules governing practice 
before the Commission. To aid the public in identifying the numerous 
revisions, the Commission will also publish on its website a 
``redline'' version of the rules that will show the changes. Some of 
these revisions are technical and clarifying in nature. For example, 
cross-references to rules have been added throughout; all references to 
``mail,'' ``United States Mail,'' and ``U.S. Mail'' have been changed 
to ``U.S. Mail'' for clarity and consistency; all references to 
``paper'' have been changed to ``document'' to include both 
electronically-filed and conventionally-filed documents; and, in the 
interest of plain language, sentences have been rewritten to eliminate 
words such as ``herein,'' ``therein,'' and ``thereafter,'' among 
others. In addition, gender-neutral language is now used throughout the 
rules. To that end, gender-specific pronouns have been eliminated where 
possible. Finally, references to ``unrepresented parties'' have been 
changed to ``self-represented parties'' to recognize parties (excluding 
the Secretary) that are represented in Commission proceedings by one of 
their officers or managers.
    Other changes have been made to make the rules easier to read and 
understand, particularly for self-represented parties. For example, 
Rule 52(f) has been broken into two subparts. In another example, a 
phrase in Rule 60 formerly read, ``notice of the time, place, and 
nature of the first hearing shall be given to the parties and 
intervenors,'' while the revised version reads, ``when a hearing is 
first set, the Judge shall give the parties and intervenors notice of 
the time, place, and nature of the hearing.''

Subpart A--General Provisions

    In the definition section, the definition of ``authorized employee 
representative'' has been revised to specify that it means a labor 
organization that represents affected employees who are members of the 
collective bargaining unit. This conforms the definition's language 
with Rule 22(b).
    The Commission has amended Rule 4, Computing time, to facilitate 
and clarify practice before the Commission. Previously, time periods of 
11 days or more were calculated based on calendar days, but time 
periods of less than 11 days were calculated based on working days. 
This bifurcated approach to calculating time periods, which was 
reported as confusing and problematic, particularly for self-
represented parties, has been eliminated. Most time periods are now 
based on calendar days--referred to simply as ``days''--and have been 
adjusted so that the actual amount of time provided is either the same 
as, or more than, before. Some periods, however, remain specified in 
``working days'' when that is how the corresponding period is expressed 
in specific sections of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 
(``Act''), 29 U.S.C. 651 et seq.
    The elimination of the ``less than 11 days'' method of computing 
time is consistent with a 2009 change to Federal Rule of Civil 
Procedure 6, Computing and Extending Time; Time for Motion Papers, that 
eliminated a similar provision. As part of that revision, most 10-day 
periods in the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure were expanded to 14 
(calendar) days. Similarly, throughout the revised rules of procedure, 
the Commission has expanded most, but not all, of the existing time 
periods of less than 11 days. Ogletree Deakins Nash Smoak & Stewart, 
P.C. (``Ogletree'') recommended further adopting the 2009 changes to 
the federal rules by changing all 10- and 20-day periods to periods 
measured in weeks, specifically 14 and 21 days. Ogletree pointed out 
that whole-week periods provide the advantage that the final day will 
always fall on the same day of the week as the event that triggered the 
period, so deadlines will always fall on weekdays. Where practicable 
and not otherwise governed by statute, the periods in the Commission 
rules have been similarly revised.
    To further facilitate time calculation and practice before the 
Commission, the Commission has revised Rule 7, Service, notice, and 
posting, to use plain language to explain service methods and when 
service is deemed accomplished. For clarity and consistency, the rules 
have been revised throughout to begin stated time periods based on 
``service,'' rather than on ``receipt'' or ``transmission.'' In certain 
rules, however, ``receipt'' was retained as the beginning of a time 
period where ``receipt'' is stated in the corresponding section of the 
Act. The Commission has also consolidated all requirements for

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the service of show cause orders in new paragraph (o), to which cross-
references have been added throughout the rules.
    The Commission requested comment on whether it should make 
electronic filing mandatory. Four commenters (Ogletree; the 
Occupational Safety & Health Law Project (``OSH Law Project''); Conn 
Maciel Carey LLP; and the Occupational Safety and Health Division, 
Office of the Solicitor, U.S. Department of Labor (``SOL'')) 
recommended that it be mandatory. Three of those commenters (Ogletree, 
Conn Maciel Carey, and SOL) suggested creating an exception for self-
represented parties and one (Ogletree) requested an exception for 
privileged materials or materials filed under seal. One commenter 
(James Sassaman) recommended keeping the current non-mandatory filing 
system, noting that the Commission cannot assist e-filing parties and 
not every practitioner has an information technology department at the 
ready.
    The Commission has decided to make e-filing mandatory for parties 
represented by attorneys or non-attorney representatives. Self-
represented parties have the option of using the Commission's E-File 
System or filing documents by conventional means. Once e-filing has 
been elected, the party must continue to file all documents 
electronically, but, because the Commission cannot guarantee the 
confidentiality of documents filed in the E-File System, confidential 
and privileged documents cannot be filed electronically. Conforming 
revisions have been made throughout where necessary, particularly to 
Rule 6, Record address, Rule 7, Service, notice, and posting, and Rule 
8, Filing.
    The Commission also requested comment on whether to permit citation 
to Commission decisions that are posted on the agency's website. Four 
commenters (James Sassaman, the OSH Law Project, Ogletree, and Conn 
Maciel Carey) suggested that this be allowed. Rule 12, References to 
cases, has been revised to allow citations to the website and specifies 
the citation format that should be followed, depending on whether the 
PDF version (which shows page numbers) or the HTML version (which does 
not show page numbers) of the case is being cited. Specifically, 
because the HTML version does not show page numbers, when citing that 
version the party must identify the paragraph number (or numbers) of 
the cited text.

Subpart B--Parties and Representatives

    The Commission has amended Rule 20, Party status, to specify that 
an individual who, at the time of the violation, met the definition of 
``affected employee'' set forth in Rule 1(e) and was employed by the 
cited employer, but who, as the case progresses, is no longer employed 
by the cited employer, is permitted to elect party status. This 
revision to the rule is in conformity with the Commission's decision in 
S. Scrap Materials Co., 23 BNA OSHC 1596, 1613 n.15 (No. 94-3393, 2011) 
(``[Rule 20(a)] does not preclude participation in OSHA proceedings by 
employees who, at the time of the hearing, are no longer employed by 
the cited employer.'').
    In response to comments the Commission received on whether the 
definition of ``affected employee'' should be broadened, the Commission 
has revised Rule 21, Intervention; Appearance by non-parties. The OSH 
Law Project asked that the Commission broaden the definition of 
``affected employee'' to include temporary or contract employees as 
well as workers who may be affected by exposures created or controlled 
by a cited employer, even if they are not directly employed by the 
cited employer. Four commenters (the Chamber of Commerce of the United 
States and the Associated General Contractors (``Chamber/AGC''), the 
Coalition of Workplace Safety (``CWS''), Ogletree, and Conn Maciel 
Carey) recommended that the Commission not broaden the definition. Conn 
Maciel Carey asserted that non-employees and those not working in areas 
affected by the citations could not reasonably provide better value to 
the litigation process than those employees actually exposed to the 
hazard. The other three commenters asserted that the employees referred 
to by the OSH Law Project could instead participate as intervenors, 
pursuant to Rule 21.
    As the OSH Law Project pointed out, under the current definition of 
``affected employee'' a worker not employed by the cited employer and 
not exposed to or without access to the cited hazard is unable to elect 
party status under Rule 20. In addition, although it seems clear that 
employees of a non-cited employer working on the worksite and/or 
exposed to hazards substantially similar to the cited hazard would be 
eligible to participate in the proceedings as intervenors in accordance 
with Rule 21--in that they would have an interest in the proceeding and 
would be able to assist in the determination of the issues in 
question--the rules did not require intervenor status to be granted.
    The Commission has decided to retain the current definition of 
``affected employee'' in Rule 1 and revise Rule 21 to clarify how an 
exposed employee can meet the criteria set forth in that rule. The 
revision also requires intervenor status to be granted when the 
specified criteria are met.
    The OSH Law Project also suggested that the Commission clarify in 
Rule 22, Representation of parties and intervenors, that employees may 
designate any person to represent their interests before the 
Commission. The Commission has revised the language to state that any 
party or intervenor may appear in person, through an attorney, or 
through any non-attorney representative.
    Rule 23(b), Withdrawal of counsel, has been revised to require 
counsel or representatives of record who are withdrawing their 
appearance to provide current contact information for the client. This 
revision was made to ensure that clients continue to receive important 
communications from the Judge and the Commission.

Subpart C--Pleadings and Motions

    In an effort to assist self-represented parties, the Commission has 
added a note to Rule 33, Notices of contest, to explain that, in 
extraordinary circumstances, an employer that fails to meet the 15-
working day statutory deadline to file a notice of contest may seek 
relief from the resulting final order pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil 
Procedure 60, Relief from a Judgment or Order. The Commission has also 
reorganized the text of Rule 33 for clarity.
    The Commission has made a number of revisions to Rule 40, Motions 
and requests, to clarify the requirements for how and when to make a 
motion and specify the form and content of motions. For example, the 
requirement that moving parties confer or make reasonable efforts to 
confer with all other parties before filing a motion in the existing 
rules has now been highlighted in a separate provision. Also, in light 
of SOL's comment suggesting that the Commission incorporate Federal 
Rule of Civil Procedure 56, Summary Judgment, into its rules, guidance 
specifying that the provisions of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56 
apply to motions for summary judgment before the Commission has been 
moved from Rule 61 to new paragraph (j) for clarity and consistency.

Subpart D--Prehearing Procedures and Discovery

    Ogletree commented that paragraph (a)(1) of Rule 52, General 
provisions governing discovery, which specifies that the provisions of 
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(a) do not apply to

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Commission proceedings, has generated considerable confusion. 
Specifically, Ogletree asserts that there have been inconsistent 
rulings among the Commission's Judges regarding whether initial 
disclosures, written expert reports, and pretrial disclosures may be 
exchanged. The Commission has added language explaining that Judges may 
use scheduling orders to direct prehearing disclosures, including 
disclosure of expert testimony and written reports. In addition, new 
paragraph (a)(4) has been added to allow parties to make stipulations 
about discovery procedures. This paragraph mirrors the language in 
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 29, Stipulations about Discovery 
Procedure.
    SOL suggested that the Commission clarify whether the 
proportionality requirements for discovery specified in Federal Rule of 
Civil Procedure 26(b) apply to proceedings before the Commission. To 
improve clarity, paragraphs (b) and (c) of Rule 52 have been revised to 
conform the Commission's rules to the 2015 amendments to the Federal 
Rules of Civil Procedure.
    Both SOL and Ogletree suggested that Rule 54, Request for 
admissions, be revised to be consistent with the analogous Federal Rule 
of Civil Procedure 36(a). The Commission has revised Rule 54 to be 
consistent with Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 36(a), as tailored to 
Commission practice.
    The Commission received comments from Conn Maciel Carey suggesting 
an increase in the permitted number of requests for admissions and 
interrogatories for cases involving numerous citation items. In the 
experience of the Commission's Judges, the parties are generally able 
to agree to more requested admissions or interrogatories as 
appropriate. Rule 54 and Rule 55, Interrogatories, have been revised to 
clarify that the number of requested admissions or interrogatories can 
exceed 25 upon agreement of the parties or by order of the Commission 
or the Judge.
    For clarity, the Commission has streamlined Rule 56, Depositions. 
Edits have also been made for consistency with Federal Civil Rule of 
Procedure 30(b)(3). In addition, guidance regarding depositions 
formerly located in Rule 65 (Subpart E) has been relocated to Rule 56 
for clarity and organizational consistency. The Commission has also 
made several revisions to clarify that parties cannot introduce audio 
or audiovisual depositions without a transcript of the introduced 
portion of the deposition.
    Finally, the Commission has combined the subpoena provisions 
formerly set forth in Rule 57 with the subpoena provisions set forth in 
Rule 65 so that all subpoena practice provisions will be in one rule. 
This results in the deletion of former Rule 57.

Subpart E--Hearings

    The Commission has revised Rule 64, Failure to appear, to clarify 
the consequences of failing to appear at a hearing. If the Secretary 
fails to appear, the Judge will consider the Secretary to have 
abandoned the case. If the Respondent fails to appear, the Judge will 
deem the Respondent to have admitted the facts alleged and consented to 
the relief sought by the Secretary.
    In addition to revising Rule 65 to include the subpoena provisions 
formerly set forth in Rule 57, the Commission has made clarifying edits 
throughout this section to explain the process of issuing, serving, 
revoking, or modifying a subpoena, as well as the consequences of 
failing to comply with a subpoena. SOL suggested that the Commission 
clarify that nationwide service of Commission subpoenas is permissible. 
Language has been added to paragraph (b) stating that a subpoena may be 
served anywhere in the United States or its territories and may command 
the production of documents or tangible things, and a person to attend, 
from any place in the United States or its territories.
    Rule 68, Recusal of the Judge, formerly referred to the 
``disqualification'' of the Judge. The Commission has revised this 
section to instead refer to the ``recusal'' of the Judge to reflect 
current parlance and remove any negative connotation suggested by the 
word ``disqualification.'' The Commission has also added guidelines to 
clarify which situations may require the recusal of a Judge.
    The Commission has added a provision to Rule 72, Objections, to 
conform the Commission's rules with language in Federal Rule of 
Evidence 103, Rulings on Evidence, specifying the circumstances in 
which a party need not continuously renew an objection or offer of 
proof.
    Two commenters responded to the Commission's request for 
recommendations on revisions to Rule 73, Interlocutory review. Ogletree 
recommended deleting the phrase ``and that immediate review of the 
ruling may materially expedite the final disposition of the 
proceedings,'' asserting that the phrase required the Commission to 
attempt to predict the effect of interlocutory review on future 
litigation in the proceedings. SOL recommended leaving the rule 
unchanged. Based on the Commission's experience with interlocutory 
matters, the Commission has revised the requirements for granting 
interlocutory review. Most significantly, the Commission has deleted 
the phrase ``about which there is substantial ground for difference of 
opinion'' because under that language, cases in which the error is 
obvious may be construed as not meeting the criteria for interlocutory 
review. The rule has also been revised to make clear that the important 
question presented must control the outcome of the case for the 
Commission to review it on an interlocutory basis. Rather than delete 
the phrase ``may materially expedite the final disposition of the 
proceedings,'' the Commission has instead revised it to replace ``may'' 
with ``will.'' Finally, based on language in the Model Adjudication 
Rules adopted by the Administrative Conference of the United States in 
October 2018, the Commission has also added an alternative 
consideration to the ``materially expedite'' phrase: that subsequent 
review by the Commission may provide an inadequate remedy.

Subpart F--Posthearing Procedures

    Revisions to Rule 90, Decisions and reports of Judges, clarify that 
after a Judge's decision has become a final order of the Commission, 
the Commission or the Judge may correct a clerical mistake or a mistake 
arising from oversight or omission under Federal Rule of Civil 
Procedure 60(a).
    In Rule 91, Discretionary review, the Commission has sought to 
eliminate confusion regarding where to file petitions for discretionary 
review by revoking the part of the rule that allowed such petitions to 
be filed with the Judge during the 10-day period specified in Rule 
90(b)(2). Under the revised rule, petitions can only be filed with the 
Executive Secretary. The Commission has also revised paragraph (f) to 
clarify that filing a petition for review with the Commission is 
required before seeking review of a Judge's decision in a U.S. Circuit 
Court of Appeals.
    The Commission has revised Rule 92, Review by the Commission, in 
two ways. Revisions to paragraph (a) clarify that the Commission has 
complete discretion to decide which issues to consider on review. The 
Commission deleted the list of issues that are normally considered to 
avoid implying that there is any constraint on the Commissioners when 
deciding which cases or particular issues to review. Furthermore, the 
Commission ordinarily specifies which issues are to be

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considered in a briefing notice, not in the direction for review. The 
language in paragraph (b) is rephrased to reflect that the Act does not 
restrict which cases the Commission can direct for review on a 
Commissioner's own motion and to explain what factors Commissioners 
typically consider when directing review on their own motion.
    Revisions have been made to Rule 93, Briefs before the Commission, 
with respect to the sequence in which briefs are to be filed. These 
edits are made in the interest of fairness and track Federal Rule of 
Appellate Procedure 28.1.
    Rule 94, Stay of final order, has been deleted because the 
Commission's jurisdiction under the Act terminates once there is a 
final order. See section 10(c) of the Act, 29 U.SC. 659(c). 
Accordingly, the Commission cannot act on any motions for a stay of a 
final order.
    The Commission has revised paragraph (d)(3) of Rule 95, Oral 
argument before the Commission, to reflect the Commission's practice of 
generally allowing counsel time for rebuttal. Counsel may use rebuttal 
time only to respond to the opposing counsel and are not permitted to 
reserve points of substance for presentation during rebuttal. Rules for 
allocating time to amicus curiae seeking to participate in the oral 
argument have been added to paragraph (k)(1) and specify that amicus 
curiae must generally share time with the party in whose interest the 
amicus curiae seeks to participate.

Subpart G--Miscellaneous Provisions

    The Commission requested comment on whether the requirement for 
agency approval of settlements in Rule 100, Settlement, should be 
narrowed or eliminated. Ogletree suggested a series of revisions to 
clarify that the Commission does not approve the contents of settlement 
agreements but only hears procedural objections to them. The OSH Law 
Project asked that the Commission insist that the Secretary comply with 
section 6(e) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. 655(e), which requires the Secretary 
to publish a statement of reasons for settling a penalty in the Federal 
Register. SOL asked the Commission to clarify the length of time a 
settlement must be posted.
    Rule 100 has been extensively revised to reflect that the 
Commission has no authority to approve the contents of settlement 
agreements. Under the revised rule, settlement agreements will not be 
submitted to the Commission or the Judge. Instead, in a joint 
submission, the parties will notify the Judge that a settlement has 
been reached and will specify certain information as required by the 
revised rule. Although the Commission has never approved the contents 
of settlement agreements, this change to the rule should eliminate the 
past practice of parties requesting that the Commission correct errors 
in settlement agreements that had been ``approved'' by the Judge, often 
after the settlement had become a final order of the Commission. The 
revised rule clarifies that the parties can correct a mistake in the 
agreement themselves without having to ask the Commission to alter the 
record or take any other action. Once the parties correct the agreement 
themselves, the revised rule requires the employer to follow the 
posting rules so that employees are properly notified. As suggested by 
SOL, the revised rule also specifies the amount of time a settlement 
must be posted (14 days). Only if the employer fails to follow the 
posting rules, or if there is an objection by an employee, would the 
Secretary (or affected employee or authorized employee representative) 
need to seek relief from the Commission (under Federal Rule of 
Procedure 60, if the final order date has passed).
    The only scenario in this regard in which there would be a need to 
request Commission action on a settled case is if the parties 
mistakenly notify the Judge that the case has been completely settled 
when in fact one or more citation items have not been settled. If the 
final order date has passed, requesting relief under Federal Rule of 
Civil Procedure 60 would be required to litigate the remaining 
unsettled items. In an attempt to prevent such errors, the revised rule 
requires parties to include in the notification of settlement a list of 
the contested items that have been settled as well as a list of any 
items that remain to be decided.
    The revisions also specify that if party status has been elected 
under Rule 20, certification is required that the party was afforded an 
opportunity to provide input on all matters pertaining to the 
settlement before the agreement was finalized. This revision is in 
accordance with the Commission's decision in Boise Cascade Corp. that 
employees must have an ``opportunity to provide input on all matters 
pertaining to the settlement before the agreement is finalized.'' 14 
BNA OSHC 1993, 1997 (No. 89-3087, 1991).
    The revisions made to Rule 100 are in accordance with federal 
practice. The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure require parties who have 
settled a matter to file settlement agreements only in limited 
circumstances (such as class actions, shareholder derivative actions, 
unincorporated association class member actions, and receiver actions). 
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 41(a), Voluntary Dismissal of Actions, 
allows the plaintiff or stipulating parties to dismiss an action 
without a court order. Federal district courts only retain jurisdiction 
to enforce a settlement agreement if a court order of dismissal 
contains a provision that the court retains jurisdiction or if the 
terms of the settlement agreement are incorporated in the order. See 
Kokkonen v. Guardian Life Ins. Co., 511 U.S. 375 (1994).
    The Commission has revised paragraph (c) of Rule 103, Expedited 
proceeding, to delete the clause allowing Judges to order daily 
transcripts because doing so is financially burdensome and because 
Judges have discretion to make the appropriate rulings necessary to 
expedite proceedings.
    Finally, the Commission has revised Rule 106, Amendment to rules, 
to allow the public, including stakeholders, to email suggestions for 
revisions to the rules of procedure.

Subpart H--Settlement Part

    The Commission specifically requested comment on whether the 
threshold amount for cases referred for mandatory settlement 
proceedings in Rule 120, Settlement procedure, should be increased. Two 
commenters, Ogletree and Conn Maciel Carey, asked that the threshold 
amount not be increased. They explained that mandatory settlement 
proceedings have been a great success and recommended against making 
fewer cases eligible for the program. SOL proposed increasing the 
threshold amount to account for recent and future changes in the 
statutory maximum for OSHA penalties. It recommended increasing the 
amount to $185,000 and proportionately increasing that amount every 
three years to maintain the same or similar ratio to the maximum 
penalty for willful or repeat violations.
    In light of the increasing statutory maximum penalty amounts for 
willful and repeat violations required by the Inflation Adjustment Act 
of 2015, the Commission has determined that it would be an inefficient 
use of resources to maintain the current threshold amount for cases 
referred for mandatory settlement proceedings. As the maximum penalty 
amounts increase, a single willful or repeat violation would make a 
case eligible for mandatory settlement. This would result in too many 
cases being assigned to mandatory settlement, taking too much time away 
from other cases and increasing travel expenses for the Commission's 
Judges. Regarding the comments submitted by

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Ogletree and Conn Maciel Carey, the Commission points out that parties 
can always ask to participate in voluntary settlement proceedings in 
the event that their case no longer meets the eligibility requirements 
for mandatory settlement.
    Accordingly, paragraph (b)(1) has been revised to set the threshold 
amount to $185,000. The rule also specifies that this threshold amount 
will be periodically and proportionately adjusted upon consideration of 
the penalty increases required by the Inflation Adjustment Act. Rather 
than revise the rules every time the threshold amount is increased, the 
rule directs parties to the Commission website to find the adjusted 
threshold penalty amount.
    The Commission has also revised the rules governing mandatory 
settlement proceedings in paragraph (b)(3) to reflect current practice. 
The paragraph describes the varied methods and broad discretion of the 
Settlement Judge when conducting a settlement conference. The 
confidentiality of settlement discussions will be strictly maintained; 
the only exception is the rare circumstance in which disclosure is 
required by applicable law or public policy, and the revised rules 
reflect that limited exception. The OSH Law Project commented that the 
Commission's current confidentiality rule is too broad and that factual 
information disclosed during settlement discussions is treated as 
confidential, a view which appears to read the rule too broadly. The 
Commission has added language to paragraph (d)(3)(iv) to clarify that 
factual information disclosed in the settlement proceeding may be used 
in litigation if also obtained through appropriate discovery or 
subpoena. Finally, the timing and duration of the settlement process is 
amended to more accurately reflect current practice.

Subpart M--Simplified Proceedings

    The Commission's revisions to the rules governing Simplified 
Proceedings are made largely for clarity, ease of understanding, and to 
conform the rules to current Commission practice. Rule 200, Purpose, 
and Rule 209(e), Oral and written argument at the hearing, have been 
revised to specify that the Judge may either allow or require post-
hearing briefs. Rule 204, Discontinuance of Simplified Proceedings, has 
been revised to specify that the Judge may deny a motion to discontinue 
simplified proceedings filed less than 30 days before a scheduled 
hearing date. Rule 209(c), Evidence, has been revised to allow parties 
to stipulate that the Federal Rules of Evidence will apply in whole or 
in part, though generally the Federal Rules of Evidence do not control 
the admission of evidence in simplified proceedings. Finally Rule 
209(f), Judge's decision, has been revised to give Judges 60 days to 
issue a written decision.

III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Executive Orders 12866, 13132, 13563, and the Unfunded Mandates 
Reform Act of 1995: OSHRC is an independent regulatory agency and, as 
such, is not subject to the requirements of E.O. 12866, E.O. 13132, E.O 
13563 or the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act, 2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.
    Regulatory Flexibility Act: Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 605(a), a 
regulatory flexibility analysis is not required because these rules 
concern ``interpretative rules, general statements of policy, or rules 
of agency organization, procedure, or practice'' under 5 U.S.C. 553(b).
    Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995: OSHRC has determined that the 
Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., does not apply because 
these rules do not contain any information collection requirements that 
require the approval of OMB.
    Congressional Review Act: These revisions do not constitute a 
``rule,'' as defined by the Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 
804(3)(C), because they involve changes to ``agency organization, 
procedure, or practice'' that do not ``substantially affect the rights 
or obligations of non-agency parties.''

List of Subjects in 29 CFR Part 2200

    Administrative practice and procedure, Hearing and appeal 
procedures.

    Dated: March 28, 2019.
Heather L. MacDougall,
Chairman.
Cynthia L. Attwood,
Commissioner.
James J. Sullivan,
Commissioner.

0
For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Occupational Safety and 
Health Review Commission revises 29 CFR part 2200 to read as follows:

PART 2200--RULES OF PROCEDURE

Subpart A--General Provisions
Sec.
2200.1 Definitions.
2200.2 Scope of rules; applicability of Federal Rules of Civil 
Procedure; construction.
2200.3 Use of gender and number.
2200.4 Computing time.
2200.5 Extension of time.
2200.6 Record address.
2200.7 Service, notice, and posting.
2200.8 Filing.
2200.9 Consolidation.
2200.10 Severance.
2200.11 [Reserved]
2200.12 References to cases.
Subpart B--Parties and Representatives
2200.20 Party status.
2200.21 Intervention; appearance by non-parties.
2200.22 Representation of parties and intervenors.
2200.23 Appearances and withdrawals.
2200.24 Brief of an amicus curiae.
Subpart C--Pleadings and Motions
2200.30 General rules.
2200.31 Caption; titles of cases.
2200.32 Signing of pleadings and motions.
2200.33 Notices of contest.
2200.34 Employer contests.
2200.35 Disclosure of corporate parents, subsidiaries, and 
affiliates.
2200.36 [Reserved]
2200.37 Petitions for modification of the abatement period.
2200.38 Employee contests.
2200.39 Statement of position.
2200.40 Motions and requests.
2200.41 [Reserved]
Subpart D--Prehearing Procedures and Discovery
2200.50 [Reserved]
2200.51 Prehearing conferences and orders.
2200.52 General provisions governing discovery.
2200.53 Production of documents and things.
2200.54 Request for admissions.
2200.55 Interrogatories.
2200.56 Depositions.
2200.57 [Reserved]
Subpart E--Hearings
2200.60 Notice of hearing; location.
2200.61 Submission without hearing.
2200.62 Postponement of hearing.
2200.63 Stay of proceedings.
2200.64 Failure to appear.
2200.65 Issuance of subpoenas; petitions to revoke or modify 
subpoenas; payment of witness fees and mileage; right to inspect or 
copy data.
2200.66 Transcript of testimony.
2200.67 Duties and powers of judges.
2200.68 Recusal of the judge.
2200.69 Examination of witnesses.
2200.70 Exhibits.
2200.71 Rules of evidence.
2200.72 Objections.
2200.73 Interlocutory review.
2200.74 Filing of briefs and proposed findings with the Judge; oral 
argument at the hearing.
Subpart F--Posthearing Procedures
2200.90 Decisions and reports of judges.
2200.91 Discretionary review; petitions for discretionary review; 
statements in opposition to petitions.
2200.92 Review by the Commission.
2200.93 Briefs before the Commission.
2200.94 [Reserved]
2200.95 Oral argument before the Commission.

[[Page 14559]]

2200.96 Commission receipt of copies of petitions for judicial 
review of Commission orders when petitions for review are filed in 
two or more courts of appeals with respect to the same order.
Subpart G--Miscellaneous Provisions
2200.100 Settlement.
2200.101 Failure to obey rules.
2200.102 Withdrawal.
2200.103 Expedited proceeding.
2200.104 Standards of conduct.
2200.105 Ex parte communication.
2200.106 Amendment to rules.
2200.107 Special circumstances; waiver of rules.
2200.108 Official Seal of the Occupational Safety and Health Review 
Commission.
Subpart H--Settlement Part
2200.120 Settlement procedure.
Subparts I-L [Reserved]
Subpart M--Simplified Proceedings
2200.200 Purpose.
2200.201 Application.
2200.202 Eligibility for Simplified Proceedings.
2200.203 Commencing Simplified Proceedings.
2200.204 Discontinuance of Simplified Proceedings.
2200.205 Filing of pleadings.
2200.206 Disclosure of information.
2200.207 Pre-hearing conference.
2200.208 Discovery.
2200.209 Hearing.
2200.210 Review of Judge's decision.
2200.211 Applicability of subparts A through G.

    Authority:  29 U.S.C. 661(g), unless otherwise noted.
    Section 2200.96 is also issued under 28 U.S.C. 2112(a).

Subpart A--General Provisions


Sec.  2200.1  Definitions.

    As used in this part:
    (a) Act means the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, 29 
U.S.C. 651-678.
    (b) Commission, person, employer, and employee have the meanings 
set forth in section 3 of the Act, 29 U.S.C. 652.
    (c) Secretary means the Secretary of Labor or the Secretary's duly 
authorized representative.
    (d) Executive Secretary means the Executive Secretary of the 
Commission.
    (e) Affected employee means an employee of a cited employer who is 
exposed to or has access to the hazard arising out of the allegedly 
violative circumstances, conditions, practices, or operations.
    (f) Judge means an Administrative Law Judge appointed by the 
Chairman of the Commission pursuant to section 12(j) of the Act, 29 
U.S.C. 661(j), as amended by Public Law 95-251, 92 Stat. 183, 184 
(1978).
    (g) Authorized employee representative means a labor organization 
that has a collective bargaining relationship with the cited employer 
and that represents affected employees who are members of the 
collective bargaining unit.
    (h) Representative means any person, including an authorized 
employee representative, authorized by a party or intervenor to 
represent it in a proceeding.
    (i) Citation means a written communication issued by the Secretary 
to an employer pursuant to section 9(a) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. 658(a).
    (j) Notification of proposed penalty means a written communication 
issued by the Secretary to an employer pursuant to section 10(a) or (b) 
of the Act, 29 U.S.C. 659(a) or (b).
    (k) Day means a calendar day.
    (l) Working day means all days except Saturdays, Sundays, or 
Federal holidays.
    (m) Proceeding means any proceeding before the Commission or before 
a Judge.
    (n) Pleadings are complaints and answers filed under Sec.  2200.34, 
statements of reasons and employers' responses filed under Sec.  
2200.38, and petitions for modification of abatement and objecting 
parties' responses filed under Sec.  2200.37. A motion is not a 
pleading within the meaning of these rules.


Sec.  2200.2  Scope of rules; applicability of Federal Rules of Civil 
Procedure; construction.

    (a) Scope. These rules shall govern all proceedings before the 
Commission and its Judges.
    (b) Applicability of Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. In the 
absence of a specific provision, procedure shall be in accordance with 
the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
    (c) Construction. These rules shall be construed to secure an 
expeditious, just, and inexpensive determination of every case.


Sec.  2200.3  Use of gender and number.

    (a) Number. Words importing the singular number may extend and be 
applied to the plural and vice versa.
    (b) Gender. Words importing the masculine or feminine gender apply 
equally to all genders.


Sec.  2200.4  Computing time.

    (a) Computation. The following rules apply in computing any time 
period specified in these rules or by any order that does not specify a 
method of computing time.
    (1) Period stated in days or longer unit. When the period is stated 
in days or a longer unit of time:
    (i) Exclude the day of the event that triggers the period;
    (ii) Count every day, including intermediate Saturdays, Sundays, 
and Federal holidays; and
    (iii) Include the last day of the period, but if the last day is a 
Saturday, Sunday, or Federal holiday, the period continues to run until 
the end of the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or Federal 
holiday.
    (2) Period stated in working days. When the period is stated in 
working days, count every day except intermediate Saturdays, Sundays, 
and Federal holidays.
    (3) Operating status of receiving Commission office. Unless the 
Commission or the Judge orders otherwise, if the receiving Commission 
office is closed on the last day for filing due to inclement weather or 
other circumstance, then the time for filing is extended to the first 
day the office is open that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or Federal 
holiday.
    (4) ``Last day'' defined. Unless a different time is set by a rule 
or order, the last day ends:
    (i) For documents filed electronically in the Commission's E-File 
System, at 11:59 p.m. in the time zone of the receiving Commission 
office; and
    (ii) For filing by other means, when the receiving Commission 
office is scheduled to close.
    (5) ``Next day'' defined. The ``next day'' is determined by 
continuing to count forward when the period is measured after an event 
and backward when measured before an event.
    (6) ``Federal holiday'' defined. ``Federal holiday'' means:
    (i) The day set aside by statute for observing New Year's Day, 
Martin Luther King Jr.'s Birthday, Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, 
Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans' Day, Thanksgiving 
Day, or Christmas Day; and,
    (ii) Any day declared a holiday by the President or Congress.
    (b) Additional time after service by U.S. Mail. When a party may or 
must act within a specified time after service and service is made by 
U.S. Mail under Sec.  2200.7, 3 days are added after the period would 
otherwise expire under Sec.  2200.4(a). Provided, however, that this 
provision does not apply to computing the time for filing a petition 
for discretionary review under Sec.  2200.91(b).


Sec.  2200.5  Extension of time.

    The Commission or the Judge on their own initiative or, upon motion 
of a

[[Page 14560]]

party, for good cause shown, may enlarge or shorten any time prescribed 
by these rules or prescribed by an order. All such motions shall be in 
writing and shall conform with Sec.  2200.40, but, in exigent 
circumstances in a case pending before a Judge, an oral request may be 
made and shall be followed by a written motion filed with the Judge 
within such time as the Judge prescribes. A request for an extension of 
time should be received in advance of the date on which the pleading or 
document is due to be filed. However, in exigent circumstances, an 
extension of time may be granted even though the request was filed 
after the designated time for filing has expired. In such 
circumstances, the party requesting the extension must show, in 
writing, the reasons for the party's failure to make the request before 
the time prescribed for the filing had expired. The motion may be acted 
upon before the time for response has expired.


Sec.  2200.6  Record address.

    (a) Every pleading or document filed by any party or intervenor 
shall contain the name, current address, telephone number, and email 
address of the party or intervenor's representative or, if there is no 
representative, the party or intervenor's own name, current address, 
telephone number, and email address. Any change in such information 
shall be communicated promptly in writing to the Judge, or the 
Executive Secretary if no Judge has been assigned, and to all other 
parties and intervenors. A party or intervenor who fails to furnish 
such information shall be deemed to have waived its right to notice and 
service under these rules.
    (b) Representatives, parties, and intervenors who file case 
documents electronically in the Commission's E-File System pursuant to 
Sec.  2200.8(c) are responsible for both maintaining a valid email 
address associated with the registered account and regularly monitoring 
that email address.


Sec.  2200.7  Service, notice, and posting.

    (a) When service is required. At the time of filing pleadings or 
other documents, the filer shall serve a copy on every other party or 
intervenor. Every document relating to discovery required to be served 
on a party shall be served on all parties and intervenors. Every order 
required by its terms to be served shall be served on all parties and 
intervenors.
    (b) Service on represented parties or intervenors. Service upon a 
party or intervenor who has appeared through a representative shall be 
made only upon such representative unless the Judge orders service on 
the party or intervenor.
    (c) How accomplished. Unless otherwise ordered, service may be 
accomplished by the following methods:
    (1) Commission's E-File System. For electronically-filed documents, 
service shall be deemed accomplished by the simultaneous service of the 
document by email on all other parties and intervenors in the case, 
together with proof of service pursuant to paragraph (d) of this 
section.
    (2) U.S. Mail. Service shall be deemed accomplished upon depositing 
the item in the U.S. Mail with first-class or higher class (such as 
priority mail) postage pre-paid addressed to the recipient's record 
address provided pursuant to Sec.  2200.6.
    (3) Commercial or other personal delivery. Service shall be deemed 
accomplished upon delivery to the recipient's record address provided 
pursuant to Sec.  2200.6.
    (4) Facsimile transmission. Service by facsimile transmission shall 
be deemed accomplished upon delivery to the receiving facsimile 
machine. The party serving a document by facsimile is responsible for 
the successful transmission and legibility of documents intended to be 
served.
    (d) Proof of service. Service shall be documented by a written 
certificate of service setting forth the date and manner of service. 
The certificate of service shall be filed with the pleading or 
document.
    (e) Proof of posting. Where service is accomplished by posting, 
proof of such posting shall be filed not later than the first working 
day following the posting.
    (f) Service on represented employees. Service and notice to 
employees represented by an authorized employee representative shall be 
deemed accomplished by serving the representative in a manner 
prescribed in paragraph (c) of this section.
    (g) Service on unrepresented employees. In the event there are 
affected employees who are not represented by an authorized employee 
representative, the employer shall post, immediately upon receipt, the 
docketing notice for the notice of contest or petition for modification 
of the abatement period. The posting shall be at or near where the 
citation is required to be posted pursuant to section 9(b) of the 
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, 29 U.S.C. 658(b), and 29 
CFR 1903.16. The employer shall post:
    (1) A copy of the notice of contest or petition for modification of 
the abatement period;
    (2) A notice informing the affected employees of their right to 
party status; and
    (3) A notice informing the affected employees of the availability 
of all pleadings for inspection and copying at reasonable times.
    (4)(i) A notice in the following form shall be deemed to comply 
with this paragraph:

(Name of employer)
    Your employer has been cited by the Secretary of Labor for 
violation of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. The 
citation has been contested and will be the subject of a hearing 
before the OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION. 
Affected employees are entitled to participate in this hearing as 
parties under terms and conditions established by the OCCUPATIONAL 
SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION in its Rules of Procedure. 
Notice of intent to participate must be filed no later than 14 days 
before the hearing. Any notice of intent to participate should be 
sent to: Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission, Office of 
the Executive Secretary, One Lafayette Centre, 1120 20th Street, NW, 
Suite 980, Washington, DC 20036-3457. All pleadings relevant to this 
matter may be inspected at: (Place reasonably convenient to 
employees, preferably at or near workplace.)

    (ii) Where appropriate, the second sentence of the above notice 
will be deleted and the following sentence will be substituted:

    The reasonableness of the period prescribed by the Secretary of 
Labor for abatement of the violation has been contested and will be 
the subject of a hearing before the OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 
REVIEW COMMISSION.

    (h) Special service requirements; authorized employee 
representatives. The authorized employee representative, if any, shall 
be served with the notice set forth in paragraph (g) of this section 
and with a copy of the notice of contest or petition for modification 
of the abatement period.
    (i) Notice of hearing to unrepresented employees. Immediately upon 
receipt, a copy of the notice of the hearing to be held before the 
Judge shall be served by the employer on affected employees who are not 
represented by an authorized employee representative by posting a copy 
of the notice of such hearing at or near the place where the citation 
is required to be posted pursuant to section 9(b) of the Occupational 
Safety and Health Act of 1970, 29 U.S.C. 658(b), and 29 CFR 1903.16.
    (j) Notice of hearing to represented employees. Immediately upon 
receipt of the notice of the hearing to be held before the Judge, the 
employer shall

[[Page 14561]]

serve a copy of the notice on the authorized employee representative of 
affected employees in the manner prescribed in paragraph (c) of this 
section. The employer need not serve the notice of hearing, as stated 
above, if on or before the date the hearing notice is received, the 
authorized employee representative has entered an appearance in 
conformance with Sec. Sec.  2200.22 and 2200.23.
    (k) Employee contest; service on other employees. (1) Where a 
notice of contest with respect to the reasonableness of the abatement 
period is filed under Sec.  2200.38 by an affected employee who is not 
represented by an authorized employee representative and there are 
other affected employees who are represented by an authorized employee 
representative, the unrepresented affected employee shall serve the 
following documents on the authorized employee representative:
    (i) The notice of contest with respect to the reasonableness of the 
abatement period; and
    (ii) A copy of the Secretary's statement of reasons, filed in 
conformance with Sec.  2200.38(b).
    (2) Service on the authorized employee representative shall be in 
the manner prescribed in paragraph (c) of this section. The 
unrepresented affected employee shall file proof of such service.
    (l) Employee contest; Service on employer. Where a notice of 
contest with respect to the reasonableness of the abatement period is 
filed by an affected employee or an authorized employee representative, 
a copy of the notice of contest and response filed in support of the 
notice of contest shall be provided to the employer for posting in the 
manner prescribed in paragraph (g) of this section.
    (m) Employee contest; Service on other authorized employee 
representatives. An authorized employee representative who files a 
notice of contest with respect to the reasonableness of the abatement 
period shall be responsible for serving any other authorized employee 
representative whose members are affected employees in the manner 
prescribed in paragraph (c) of this section.
    (n) Duration of posting. Where posting is required by this section, 
such posting shall be maintained until the commencement of the hearing 
or until earlier disposition.
    (o) Service of show cause orders--(1) Service on parties and 
intervenors using Commission's E-File System. Service of show cause 
orders shall be deemed completed by service through the Commission's E-
File System on a representative who has entered an appearance for a 
party or intervenor under Sec.  2200.23 or on a self-represented party 
or intervenor who has elected service through the Commission's E-File 
System. See also Sec.  2200.101(a).
    (2) Service on self-represented parties or intervenors not using 
the Commission's E-File System. In addition to the service methods 
permitted by Sec.  2200.7(c), the Commission or the Judge shall serve a 
show cause order on a party or intervenor who is self-represented and 
is not using the Commission's E-File System by certified mail or by any 
other method (including commercial delivery service) that provides 
confirmation of delivery to the addressee's record address provided 
under Sec.  2200.6.


Sec.  2200.8  Filing.

    (a) What to file--(1) General. All documents required to be served 
on a party or intervenor shall be filed either before service or within 
a reasonable time after service.
    (2) Discovery documents. Discovery documents generated pursuant to 
Sec. Sec.  2200.52 through 2200.56 shall not be filed with the 
Commission or the Judge. Filing and retention of such discovery 
documents shall comply with Sec.  2200.52(i) and (j).
    (b) Where to file. Prior to assignment of a case to a Judge, all 
documents shall be filed electronically in the Commission's E-File 
System or with the Executive Secretary at One Lafayette Centre, 1120 
20th Street NW, Suite 980, Washington, DC 20036-3457. After the 
assignment of the case to a Judge, all documents shall be filed 
electronically in the Commission's E-File System or with the Judge at 
the address given in the notice of assignment. After the docketing of 
the Judge's report, all documents shall be filed with the Executive 
Secretary, except as provided in Sec.  2200.90(b)(4).
    (c) Electronic filing with the Commission--(1) Mandatory e-filing. 
Parties and intervenors who are represented by an attorney or non-
attorney representative, as provided in Sec.  2200.22, must file 
documents electronically in the Commission's E-File System by following 
the instructions on the Commission's website (www.oshrc.gov), unless 
the documents are exempt from e-filing under paragraph (c)(5) of this 
section.
    (2) Non-mandatory e-filing. (i) Self-represented parties or 
intervenors, as provided in Sec.  2200.22, may file documents 
electronically in the Commission's E-File System by following the 
instructions on the Commission's website (www.oshrc.gov). Self-
represented parties or intervenors who elect e-filing must file all 
documents electronically, unless excused by the Commission or the Judge 
or the documents are exempt from e-filing under paragraph (c)(5) of 
this section.
    (ii) Self- represented parties or intervenors who do not elect e-
filing must file documents by postage-prepaid first class or higher 
class U.S. Mail, commercial delivery service, personal delivery, or 
facsimile transmission as described in paragraph (d) of this section.
    (3) If technical difficulties prevent the successful submission of 
electronically filed documents, the e-filer should refer to the 
instructions for electronic filing on the Commission's website 
(www.oshrc.gov).
    (4) Documents filed electronically in the Commission's E-File 
System may contain an electronic signature of the filer which will have 
the same legal effect, validity, and enforceability as if signed 
manually. The term ``electronic signature'' means an electronic symbol 
or process attached to or logically associated with a contact or other 
record and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the 
document.
    (5) Confidential and privileged documents. The following documents 
must not be filed electronically in the Commission's E-File System:
    (i) Documents that may not be released to the public because the 
information is covered by a protective order or has been placed ``under 
seal'' pursuant to Sec.  2200.52(d) and (e).
    (ii) Documents submitted for in camera inspection by the Commission 
or the Judge, including material for which a privilege is claimed. 
Claims regarding privileged information must comply with Sec.  
2200.52(d).
    (iii) Confidential settlement documents filed with the Judge 
pursuant to settlement procedures pursuant to Sec.  2200.120.
    (iv) Applications for subpoenas made ex parte pursuant to Sec.  
2200.65.
    (6) Sensitive information. Unless the Commission or the Judge 
orders otherwise, all sensitive information in documents filed 
electronically in the Commission's E-File System must be redacted 
pursuant to paragraph (d)(5) of this section.
    (7) Date of filing. The date of filing for documents filed 
electronically is the day that the complete document is successfully 
submitted in the Commission's E-File System pursuant to Rule 
4(a)(4)(i). Electronic filing shall be completed by following the 
instructions

[[Page 14562]]

on the Commission's website (www.oshrc.gov).
    (8) Timeliness. Representatives and self-represented parties and 
intervenors bear the sole responsibility for ensuring that a filing is 
timely made.
    (9) Certificate of service. Proof of service shall accompany each 
document filed in the Commission's E-File System. The certificate of 
service shall certify simultaneous service of the document by email on 
all other parties and intervenors in the case. It is the responsibility 
of the filing party to retain records showing the date of transmission, 
including receipts.
    (d) Documents that are not filed in the Commission's E-File System; 
alternative filing methods--(1) How to file. Documents may be filed by 
postage-prepaid first class or higher class U.S. Mail, commercial 
delivery service, personal delivery, electronic transmission, or 
facsimile transmission.
    (2) Number of copies. Unless otherwise ordered or stated in this 
part, only the original of a document shall be filed.
    (3) Filing date. (i) Except for the documents listed in paragraph 
(d)(3)(ii) of this section, if filing is by U.S. first class mail (or 
higher class mail, such as priority mail), then filing is deemed 
completed upon depositing the material in the U.S. Mail. If filing is 
by any other means (e.g., personal delivery, commercial delivery 
service, or facsimile transmission) then filing is deemed completed 
upon receipt by the Commission.
    (ii) Filing is completed upon receipt by the Commission for 
petitions for interlocutory review (Sec.  2200.73), petitions for 
discretionary review (Sec.  2200.91), and EAJA applications (Sec.  
2204.301).
    (iii) Representatives and self-represented parties and intervenors 
bear the sole responsibility for ensuring that a filing is timely made.
    (4) Certificate of service. A certificate of service shall 
accompany each document filed. The certificate shall set forth the 
dates and manner of filing and service.
    (5) Sensitive information. Unless the Commission or the Judge 
orders otherwise, in any filing with the Commission, information that 
is sensitive (e.g., Social Security numbers, driver's license numbers, 
passport numbers, taxpayer-identification numbers, birthdates, mother's 
maiden names, names of minors, an individual's physical personal 
address, financial account numbers) but not privileged shall be 
redacted. Parties shall exercise caution when filing medical records, 
medical treatment records, medical diagnosis records, employment 
history, and individual financial information, and shall redact or 
exclude materials unnecessary to the case.
    (6) Privileged information. Claims regarding privileged information 
shall comply with Sec.  2200.52(d).


Sec.  2200.9  Consolidation.

    Cases may be consolidated on the motion of any party conforming to 
Sec.  2200.40, on the Judge's own motion, or on the Commission's own 
motion, where there exist common parties, common questions of law or 
fact or in such other circumstances as justice or the administration of 
the Act require.


Sec.  2200.10  Severance.

    Upon its own motion, or upon motion of any party or intervenor 
conforming to Sec.  2200.40, where a showing of good cause has been 
made by the party or intervenor, the Commission or the Judge may order 
any proceeding severed with respect to some or all claims or parties.


Sec.  2200.11  [Reserved]


Sec.  2200.12  References to cases.

    (a) Citing decisions by Commission and Judges--(1) Generally. 
Parties citing decisions by the Commission should include in the 
citation the name of the employer, the OSHRC docket number, the year of 
the decision, and a citation to a print or electronic reference source. 
Citations to Commission and ALJ decisions published on the Commission's 
website (www.oshrc.gov) are also accepted. For example,
    (i) Print:
    (A) Hackensack Steel Corp., 20 BNA OSHC 1387, 1388 (No. 97-0755, 
2003).
    (B) Hackensack Steel Corp., 2002-2004 CCH OSHD ] 32,690, p. 51,558 
(No. 97-0755, 2003).
    (ii) Electronic:
    (A) Hackensack Steel Corp., No. 97-0755, 2003 WL 22232017, at *4 
(OSHRC Sept. 25, 2003).
    (B) Hackensack Steel Corp., No. 97-0755, 2003 LEXIS 450392, at *2 
(OSHRC Sept. 25, 2003).
    (iii) Commission website (www.oshrc.gov):
    (A) PDF versions of cases should be cited as follows and identify 
the relevant page number: Jacobs Field Servs. N. Am., No. 10-2659, at 5 
(OSHRC 2015).
    (B) HTML versions of cases should be cited as follows and identify 
the relevant paragraph number: Jacobs Field Servs. N. Am., No. 10-2659, 
at ] 9 (OSHRC 2015).
    (2) Parenthetical statements. When citing the decision of a Judge, 
the digest of an opinion, or the opinion of a single Commissioner, a 
parenthetical statement identifying that the decision is non-
precedential (e.g. ``ALJ'') must be included. For example, Rust 
Engineering Co., 1984 CCH OSHD ] 27,023 (No.79-2090, 1984) (view of 
Chairman ___), vacating direction for review of 1980 CCH OSHD ] 24,269 
(1980) (ALJ) (digest).
    (b) References to court decisions. (1) Citation to court decisions 
should be to the official reporter whenever possible. For example:
    (i) W.G. Yates & Sons Constr. Co. v. OSHRC, 459 F.3d 604, 608-09 
(5th Cir. 2006).
    (ii) Martin v. OSHRC (CF & I Steel Corp.), 499 U.S. 144, 150-51 
(1991).
    (2) Name of employer to be indicated. When a court decision is 
cited in which the first-listed party on each side is either the 
Secretary of Labor (or the name of a particular Secretary of Labor), 
the Commission, or a labor union, the citation should include in 
parenthesis the name of the employer in the Commission proceeding. For 
example, Donovan v. Allied Industrial Workers (Archer Daniels Midland 
Co.), 760 F.2d 783 (7th Cir. 1985); Donovan v. OSHRC (Mobil Oil Corp.), 
713 F. 2d 918 (2d Cir. 1983).

Subpart B--Parties and Representatives


Sec.  2200.20  Party status.

    (a) Affected employees. (1) Affected employees and authorized 
employee representatives may elect party status concerning any matter 
in which the Act confers a right to participate. The election shall be 
accomplished by filing a written notice of election at least 14 days 
before the hearing. A notice of election filed less than 14 days prior 
to the hearing is ineffective unless good cause is shown for not timely 
filing the notice.
    (2) A notice of election shall be served on all other parties in 
accordance with Sec.  2200.7.
    (b) Employees no longer employed by cited employer. An employee of 
a cited employer who was exposed to or had access to the hazard arising 
out of the allegedly violative circumstances, conditions, practices, or 
operations and who is no longer employed by the cited employer is 
permitted to participate as a party.
    (c) Employee contest. (1) Where a notice of contest is filed by an 
employee or by an authorized employee representative with respect to 
the reasonableness of the period for abatement of a violation, the 
employer charged with the responsibility of abating the violation may 
elect party

[[Page 14563]]

status by a notice filed at least 14 days before the hearing.
    (2) A notice of election shall be served on all other parties in 
accordance with Sec.  2200.7.


Sec.  2200.21  Intervention; appearance by non-parties.

    (a) When allowed. A petition for leave to intervene may be filed at 
any time prior to 14 days before commencement of the hearing. A 
petition filed less than 14 days prior to the commencement of the 
hearing will be denied unless good cause is shown for not timely filing 
the petition. A petition shall be served on all parties in accordance 
with Sec.  2200.7.
    (b) Requirements of petition. (1) The petition shall set forth the 
interest of the petitioner in the proceeding and show that the 
participation of the petitioner will assist in the determination of the 
issues in question and that the intervention will not unduly delay the 
proceeding.
    (2) If the petitioner is an employee who is not employed by the 
cited employer but who performed work at the cited worksite, the 
petition, in addition to the requirements of paragraph (b)(1) of this 
section, shall set forth material facts sufficient to demonstrate that 
the petitioner was exposed to or has access to the hazard arising out 
of the allegedly violative circumstances, conditions, practices, or 
operations.
    (c) Ruling on petition. (1) For petitions filed by an employee, as 
defined in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the Commission or the 
Judge shall grant the petition for intervention.
    (2) For all other petitions, the Commission or the Judge may grant 
a petition for intervention that meets the requirements of paragraph 
(b)(1) of this section.
    (3) An order granting a petition shall specify the extent and terms 
of an intervenor's participation in the proceedings.


Sec.  2200.22  Representation of parties and intervenors.

    (a) Representation. Any party or intervenor may appear in person, 
through an attorney, or through any non-attorney representative. A 
representative must file an appearance in accordance with Sec.  
2200.23. In the absence of an appearance by a representative, a party 
or intervenor will be deemed to appear for itself. A corporation or 
unincorporated association may be represented by an authorized officer 
or agent.
    (b) Affected employees in collective bargaining unit. Where an 
authorized employee representative (see Sec.  2200.1(g)) elects to 
participate as a party, affected employees who are members of the 
collective bargaining unit may not separately elect party status. If 
the authorized employee representative does not elect party status, 
affected employees who are members of the collective bargaining unit 
may elect party status in the same manner as affected employees who are 
not members of the collective bargaining unit. See paragraph (c) of 
this section.
    (c) Affected employees not in collective bargaining unit. Affected 
employees who are not members of a collective bargaining unit may elect 
party status under Sec.  2200.20(a). If more than one employee so 
elects, the Judge shall provide for them to be treated as one party.
    (d) Control of proceeding. A representative of a party or 
intervenor shall be deemed to control all matters respecting the 
interest of such party or intervenor in the proceeding.


Sec.  2200.23  Appearances and withdrawals.

    (a) Entry of appearance--(1) General. A representative of a party 
or intervenor shall enter an appearance by signing the first document 
filed on behalf of the party or intervenor in accordance with paragraph 
(a)(2) of this section or subsequently by filing an entry of appearance 
in accordance with paragraph (a)(3) of this section.
    (2) Appearance in first document or pleading. If the first document 
filed on behalf of a party or intervenor is signed by a representative, 
the representative shall be recognized as representing that party. No 
separate entry of appearance by the representative is necessary, 
provided the document contains the information required by Sec.  
2200.6.
    (3) Subsequent appearance. Where a representative has not 
previously appeared on behalf of a party or intervenor, the 
representative shall file an entry of appearance with the Executive 
Secretary, or Judge if the case has been assigned. The entry of 
appearance shall be signed by the representative and contain the 
information required by Sec.  2200.6.
    (b) Withdrawal of counsel. Any counsel or representatives of record 
desiring to withdraw their appearance, or any parties desiring to 
withdraw the appearance of their counsel or representatives of record, 
must file a motion conforming with Sec.  2200.40 with the Commission or 
the Judge requesting leave to withdraw, showing that prior notice of 
the motion has been given by the counsel or representative or party to 
the client or counsel or representative, as the case may be, and 
providing current contact information for the client, including street 
address, email address, and phone number. The motion of counsel to 
withdraw may, in the discretion of the Commission or the Judge, be 
denied where it is necessary to avoid undue delay or prejudice to the 
rights of a party or intervenor.


Sec.  2200.24  Brief of an amicus curiae.

    The brief of an amicus curiae may be filed only by leave of the 
Commission or the Judge. The brief may be conditionally filed with the 
motion for leave conforming to Sec.  2200.40. A motion for leave shall 
identify the interest of the applicant and shall state the reasons why 
a brief of an amicus curiae is desirable. Any amicus curiae shall file 
its brief within the time allowed the party whose position the amicus 
will support unless the Commission or the Judge, for good cause shown, 
grants leave for later filing. In that event, the Commission or the 
Judge may specify within what period an opposing party may answer. The 
brief of an amicus curiae shall conform to Sec.  2200.74 or Sec.  
2200.93.

Subpart C--Pleadings and Motions


Sec.  2200.30  General rules.

    (a) Format. Pleadings and other documents (other than exhibits) 
shall be typewritten, double spaced, with typeface of text being no 
smaller than 12-point and typeface of footnotes being no smaller than 
11-point, on letter size opaque paper (8\1/2\ inches by 11 inches). All 
margins shall be 1\1/2\ inches. Pleadings and other documents shall be 
fastened without the use of staples at the upper left corner.
    (b) Clarity. Each allegation or response of a pleading or motion 
shall be simple, concise, and direct.
    (c) Separation claims. Each allegation or response shall be made in 
separate numbered paragraphs. Each paragraph shall be limited as far as 
practicable to a statement of a single set of circumstances.
    (d) Adoption by reference. Statements in a pleading may be adopted 
by reference in a different part of the same pleading or in another 
pleading or in any motion. A copy of any written instrument which is an 
exhibit to a pleading is a part of the pleading for all purposes.
    (e) Alternative pleading. A party may set forth two or more 
statements of a claim or defense alternatively or hypothetically. When 
two or more statements are made in the alternative and one of them 
would be sufficient if made independently, the pleading is not made 
insufficient by the insufficiency of one or more of the alternative

[[Page 14564]]

statements. A party may state as many separate claims or defenses as it 
has regardless of consistency. All statements shall be made subject to 
the signature requirements of Sec.  2200.32.
    (f) Form of pleadings, motions, and other documents. Any pleading, 
motion, or other document shall contain a caption complying with Sec.  
2200.31 and a signature complying with Sec.  2200.32. The form and 
content of motions shall conform with Sec.  2200.40.
    (g) Burden of persuasion. The rules of pleading established by this 
subpart are not determinative in deciding which party bears the burden 
of persuasion on an issue. By pleading a matter affirmatively, a party 
does not waive its right to argue that the burden of persuasion on the 
matter is on another party.
    (h) Enforcement of pleading rules. The Commission or the Judge may 
refuse for filing any pleading or motion that does not comply with the 
requirements of this subpart.


Sec.  2200.31  Caption; titles of cases.

    (a) Notice of contest cases. Cases initiated by a notice of contest 
shall be titled:
Secretary of Labor,


Complainant,

v.

(Name of Employer),


Respondent.
    (b) Petitions for modification of abatement period. Cases initiated 
by a petition for modification of the abatement period shall be titled:
(Name of employer),


Petitioner,

v.

Secretary of Labor,


Respondent.
    (c) Location of title. The titles listed in paragraphs (a) and (b) 
of this section shall appear at the left upper portion of the initial 
page of any pleading or document (other than exhibits) filed.
    (d) Docket number. The initial page of any pleading or document 
(other than exhibits) shall show, at the upper right of the page, 
opposite the title, the docket number, if known, assigned by the 
Commission.


Sec.  2200.32  Signing of pleadings and motions.

    Pleadings and motions shall be signed by the filing party or by the 
party's representative. The signature of a representative constitutes a 
representation by the representative that the representative is 
authorized to represent the party or parties on whose behalf the 
pleading is filed. The signature of a representative or party also 
constitutes a certificate by the representative that the representative 
has read the pleading, motion, or other document, that to the best of 
the representative's knowledge, information, and belief, formed after 
reasonable inquiry, it is well grounded in fact and is warranted by 
existing law or a good faith argument for the extension, modification, 
or reversal of existing law, and that it is not included for any 
improper purpose, such as to harass or to cause unnecessary delay or 
needless increase in the cost of litigation. If a pleading, motion, or 
other document is signed in violation of this rule, such signing party 
or its representative shall be subject to the sanctions set forth in 
Sec.  2200.101 or Sec.  2200.104. A signature by a party representative 
constitutes a representation by the representative that the 
representative understands that the rules and orders of the Commission 
and its Judges apply equally to attorney and non-attorney 
representatives.


Sec.  2200.33  Notices of contest.

    Within 15 working days after receipt of any of the following 
notices, the Secretary shall notify the Commission of the receipt in 
writing and shall promptly furnish to the Executive Secretary of the 
Commission the original of any documents or records filed by the 
contesting party and copies of all other documents or records relevant 
to the contest:
    (a) Notification that the employer intends to contest a citation or 
proposed penalty under section 10(a) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. 659(a); or
    (b) Notification that the employer wishes to contest a notice of a 
failure to abate or a proposed penalty under section 10(b) of the Act, 
29 U.S.C. 659(b); or
    (c) A notice of contest filed by an employee or representative of 
employees with respect to the reasonableness of the abatement period 
under section 10(c) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. 659(c).

     Note 1 to Sec.  2200.33:  Failure to meet the 15-working day 
deadline to file a notice of contest results in the citation or 
notification of failure to abate becoming a final order of the 
Commission. Under extraordinary circumstances, the cited employer, 
an affected employee, or an authorized employee representative may 
seek relief from the final order pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil 
Procedure 60, by promptly filing a request for such relief with the 
Commission's Executive Secretary, One Lafayette Centre, 1120 20th 
Street NW, Suite 980, Washington, DC 20036-3457. See Brancifort 
Builders, Inc., 9 BNA OSHC 2113, 2116-17 (1981).

Sec.  2200.34  Employer contests.

    (a) Complaint. (1) The Secretary shall file a complaint with the 
Commission no later than 21 days after receipt of the notice of 
contest.
    (2) The complaint shall set forth all alleged violations and 
proposed penalties which are contested, stating with particularity:
    (i) The basis for jurisdiction;
    (ii) The time, location, place, and circumstances of each such 
alleged violation; and
    (iii) The considerations upon which the period for abatement and 
the proposed penalty of each such alleged violation are based.
    (3) Where the Secretary seeks in the complaint to amend the 
citation or proposed penalty, the Secretary shall set forth the reasons 
for amendment and shall state with particularity the change sought.
    (b) Answer. (1) Within 21 days after service of the complaint, the 
party against whom the complaint was issued shall file an answer with 
the Commission.
    (2) The answer shall contain a short and plain statement denying 
those allegations in the complaint which the party intends to contest. 
Any allegation not denied shall be deemed admitted.
    (3) The answer shall include all affirmative defenses being 
asserted. Such affirmative defenses include, but are not limited to, 
``infeasibility,'' ``unpreventable employee misconduct,'' and ``greater 
hazard.''
    (4) The failure to raise an affirmative defense in the answer may 
result in the party being prohibited from raising the defense at a 
later stage in the proceeding, unless the Judge finds that the party 
has asserted the defense as soon as practicable.
    (c) Motions filed in lieu of an answer. A motion filed in lieu of 
an answer pursuant to this subpart shall be filed no later than 21 days 
after service of the complaint. The form and content of the motion 
shall comply with Sec.  2200.40.


Sec.  2200.35  Disclosure of corporate parents, subsidiaries, and 
affiliates.

    (a) General. All answers, petitions for modification of abatement 
period, or other initial pleadings filed under these rules by a 
corporation shall be accompanied by a separate declaration listing all 
parents, subsidiaries, and affiliates of that corporation or stating 
that the corporation has no parents, subsidiaries, or affiliates, 
whichever is applicable.
    (b) Failure to disclose. The Commission or the Judge in its 
discretion may refuse to accept for filing an answer or other initial 
pleading that

[[Page 14565]]

lacks the disclosure declaration required by this paragraph. A party 
that fails to file an adequate declaration may be held in default after 
being given an opportunity to show cause why it should not be held in 
default. All show cause orders issued by the Commission or the Judge 
shall be served in a manner prescribed in Sec.  2200.7(o).
    (c) Continuing duty to disclose. A party subject to the disclosure 
requirement of this paragraph has a continuing duty to notify the 
Commission or the Judge of any change in the information on the 
disclosure declaration until the Commission issues a final order 
disposing of the proceeding.


Sec.  2200.36  [Reserved]


Sec.  2200.37  Petitions for modification of the abatement period.

    (a) Grounds for modifying abatement date. An employer may file a 
petition for modification of abatement date when such employer has made 
a good faith effort to comply with the abatement requirements of a 
citation, but such abatement has not been completed because of factors 
beyond the employer's reasonable control.
    (b) Contents of petition. A petition for modification of abatement 
date shall be in writing and shall include the following information:
    (1) All steps taken by the employer, and the dates of such action, 
in an effort to achieve compliance during the prescribed abatement 
period.
    (2) The specific additional abatement time necessary in order to 
achieve compliance.
    (3) The reasons such additional time is necessary, including the 
unavailability of professional or technical personnel or of materials 
and equipment, or because necessary construction or alteration of 
facilities cannot be completed by the original abatement date.
    (4) All available interim steps being taken to safeguard the 
employees against the cited hazard during the abatement period.
    (c) When and where filed; posting requirement; responses to 
petition. A petition for modification of abatement date shall be filed 
with the Area Director of the United States Department of Labor who 
issued the citation no later than the close of the next working day 
following the date on which abatement was originally required. A later-
filed petition shall be accompanied by the employer's statement of 
exceptional circumstances explaining the delay.
    (1) A copy of such petition shall be posted in a conspicuous place 
where all affected employees will have notice of the petition or near 
each location where the violation occurred. The petition shall remain 
posted for a period of 10 working days.
    (2) Affected employees or the representatives may file an objection 
in writing to such petition with the aforesaid Area Director. Failure 
to file such objection within 10 working days of the date of posting of 
such petition shall constitute a waiver of any further right to object 
to said petition.
    (3) The Secretary or the Secretary's duly authorized agent shall 
have the authority to approve any uncontested petition for modification 
of abatement date filed pursuant to paragraphs (b) and (c) of this 
section. Such uncontested petitions shall become final orders pursuant 
to sections 10(a) and (c) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. 659(a) and (c).
    (4) The Secretary or the Secretary's authorized representative 
shall not exercise the Secretary's approval power until the expiration 
of 15 working days from the date the petition was posted pursuant to 
paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section by the employer.
    (d) Contested petitions. Where any petition is objected to by the 
Secretary or affected employees, such petition shall be processed as 
follows:
    (1) The Secretary shall forward the petition, citation, and any 
objections to the Commission within 10 working days after the 
expiration of the 15 working day period set out in paragraph (c)(4) of 
this section.
    (2) The Commission shall docket and process such petitions as 
expedited proceedings as provided for in Sec.  2200.103 of this Part.
    (3) An employer petitioning for a modification of the abatement 
period shall have the burden of proving in accordance with the 
requirements of section 10(c) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. 659(c), that such 
employer has made a good faith effort to comply with the abatement 
requirements of the citation and that abatement has not been completed 
because of factors beyond the employer's control.
    (4) Where the petitioner is a corporation, it shall file a separate 
declaration listing all parents, subsidiaries, and affiliates of that 
corporation or stating that the corporation has no parents, 
subsidiaries, or affiliates, whichever is applicable, within 10 working 
days after service of the Commission docketing notice of the petition 
for modification of the abatement date. Service of the filed 
declaration on the other parties and intervenors shall be accomplished 
in a manner prescribed in Sec.  2200.7(c). The requirements set forth 
in Sec.  2200.35(b) through (d) shall apply.
    (5) Each objecting party shall file a response setting forth the 
reasons for opposing the abatement date requested in the petition, 
within 10 working days after service of the Commission docketing notice 
of the petition for modification of the abatement date. Service of the 
response on the other parties and intervenors shall be accomplished in 
a manner prescribed in Sec.  2200.7(c).


Sec.  2200.38  Employee contests.

    (a) Secretary's statement of reasons. Where an affected employee or 
authorized employee representative files a notice of contest with 
respect to the abatement period, the Secretary shall, within 14 days 
from receipt of the notice of contest, file a clear and concise 
statement of the reasons the abatement period prescribed by the 
Secretary is not unreasonable.
    (b) Response to Secretary's statement. Not later than 14 days after 
service of the Secretary's statement, referred to in paragraph (a) of 
this section, the contesting affected employee or authorized employee 
representative shall file a response. Service of the filed statement on 
the other parties and intervenors shall be accomplished in a manner 
prescribed in Sec.  2200.7(c).
    (c) Expedited proceedings. All contests under this section shall be 
handled as expedited proceedings as provided for in Sec.  2200.103.


Sec.  2200.39  Statement of position.

    At any time prior to the commencement of the hearing before the 
Judge, any person entitled to appear as a party, or any person who has 
been granted leave to intervene, may file a statement of position with 
respect to any or all issues to be heard. The Judge may order the 
filing of a statement of position.


Sec.  2200.40  Motions and requests.

    (a) How to make. An application or request for an order must be 
made by written motion. A motion shall not be included in another 
pleading or document, such as a brief or petition for discretionary 
review, but shall be made in a separate document. In exigent 
circumstances in cases pending before a Judge, an oral motion may be 
made during an off-the-record telephone conference if the motion is 
subsequently reduced to writing and filed within such time as the judge 
prescribes.
    (b) Form of motions. All motions shall contain a caption complying 
with Sec.  2200.31 and a signature complying with Sec.  2200.32. 
Requests for orders that

[[Page 14566]]

are presented in any other form, such as by a business letter or by an 
email, shall not be considered or granted.
    (c) Content of motions. A motion shall contain a clear and plain 
statement of the relief sought and state with particularity the grounds 
for seeking the order. Written memoranda, briefs, affidavits, or other 
relevant material or documents may be filed in support of the motion or 
a response.
    (d) Duty to confer. Prior to filing a motion, the moving party 
shall confer or make reasonable efforts to confer with all other 
parties and shall state in the motion the efforts undertaken to confer. 
The motion shall also state if any other party opposes or does not 
oppose the motion.
    (e) Proposed order for procedural motions. All procedural motions 
shall be accompanied by a proposed order that would grant the relief 
requested in the motion. A procedural motion may be ruled upon prior to 
the expiration of the time for response.
    (f) Oral motions. Oral motions may be made during a hearing and 
shall be included in the transcript, if a transcript is being made.
    (g) When to make. (1) A motion filed in lieu of an answer pursuant 
to Sec.  2200.34(c) shall be filed no later than 21 days after service 
of the complaint.
    (2) Motions shall be made as soon as the grounds for the motion are 
known. A party is not required to raise by motion any matter that the 
party has previously included in any pleading as defined in Sec.  
2200.1(n), unless the party seeks a ruling on the previously pleaded 
matter prior to the hearing on the merits.
    (3) A motion to postpone a hearing shall comply with Sec.  2200.62.
    (h) Responses. Any party or intervenor upon whom a motion has been 
served shall file a response within 14 days from service of the motion.
    (i) Reconsideration. A party adversely affected by a ruling on any 
motion may file a motion for reconsideration within 7 days of service 
of the ruling.
    (j) Summary judgment motions. The provisions of Federal Rule of 
Civil Procedure 56 apply to motions for summary judgment.


Sec.  2200.41  [Reserved]

Subpart D--Prehearing Procedures and Discovery


Sec.  2200.50  [Reserved]


Sec.  2200.51  Prehearing conferences and orders.

    (a) Scheduling conference. (1) The Judge may, upon the Judge's 
discretion, consult with the attorneys, non-attorney party 
representatives, and any self-represented parties, by a scheduling 
conference, telephone, mail, or other suitable means, and within 30 
days after the filing of the answer, enter a scheduling order that 
limits the time:
    (i) To join other parties and to amend the pleadings;
    (ii) To file and hear motions; and
    (iii) To complete discovery.
    (2) The scheduling order also may include:
    (i) The date or dates for conferences before hearing, a final 
prehearing conference, and hearing; and
    (ii) Any other matters appropriate to the circumstances of the 
case.
    (b) Prehearing conference. In addition to the prehearing procedures 
set forth in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 16, the Judge may, upon 
the Judge's own initiative or on the motion of a party, direct the 
parties to confer among themselves to consider settlement, stipulation 
of facts, or any other matter that may expedite the hearing.
    (c) Compliance. Parties must fully prepare for a useful discussion 
of all procedural and substantive issues involved in prehearing 
conferences and shall participate in such conferences in good faith. 
Parties failing to do so may be subject to sanctions under Sec. Sec.  
2200.101 and 2200.104.


Sec.  2200.52   General provisions governing discovery.

    (a) General--(1) Methods and limitations. In conformity with these 
rules, any party may, without leave of the Commission or the Judge, 
obtain discovery by one or more of the following methods:
    (i) Production of documents or things or permission to enter upon 
land or other property for inspection and other purposes to the extent 
provided in Sec.  2200.53;
    (ii) Requests for admission to the extent provided in Sec.  
2200.54; and
    (iii) Interrogatories to the extent provided in Sec.  2200.55.
    (iv) Discovery is not available under these rules through 
depositions except to the extent provided in Sec.  2200.56.
    (v) In the absence of a specific provision, discovery procedures 
shall be in accordance with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, 
except that the provisions of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(a) do 
not apply to Commission proceedings. This exception does not preclude 
any prehearing disclosures (including disclosure of expert testimony 
and written reports) directed in a scheduling order entered under Sec.  
2200.51.
    (2) Time for discovery. A party may initiate all forms of discovery 
in conformity with these Rules at any time after the filing of the 
first responsive pleading or motion that delays the filing of an 
answer, such as a motion to dismiss. Discovery shall be initiated early 
enough to permit completion of discovery no later than 14 days prior to 
the date set for hearing, unless the Judge orders otherwise.
    (3) Service of discovery documents. Every document relating to 
discovery required to be served on a party shall be served on all 
parties.
    (4) Stipulations about discovery procedures. Unless the Commission 
or the Judge orders otherwise, the parties may stipulate that:
    (i) A deposition may be taken before any person, at any time or 
place, on any notice, and in the manner specified--in which event it 
may be used in the same way as any other deposition; and
    (ii) Other procedures governing or limiting discovery may be 
modified--but a stipulation extending the time for any form of 
discovery must be approved by the Commission or the Judge if it would 
interfere with the time set forth for completing discovery, for hearing 
a motion, or for hearing.
    (b) Scope of discovery. The information or response sought through 
discovery may concern any matter that is not privileged and that is 
relevant to the subject matter involved in the pending case and 
proportional to the needs of the case, considering the importance of 
the issues at stake, the parties' relative access to relevant 
information, the parties' resources, the importance of the discovery in 
resolving the issues, and whether the burden or expense of the proposed 
discovery outweighs its likely benefit. Information within this scope 
of discovery need not be admissible in evidence to be discoverable.
    (c) Limitations. The frequency or extent of the discovery methods 
provided by these rules may be limited by the Commission or the Judge 
if it is determined that:
    (1) The discovery sought is unreasonably cumulative or duplicative, 
or it is obtainable from some other source that is more convenient, 
less burdensome, or less expensive;
    (2) The party seeking discovery has had ample opportunity to obtain 
the information sought by discovery in the action; or
    (3) The proposed discovery is outside the scope permitted by 
paragraph (b) of this section.
    (d) Privilege--(1) Claims of privilege. The initial claim of 
privilege shall specify the privilege claimed and the general nature of 
the material for which the privilege is claimed. In response to

[[Page 14567]]

an order from the Commission or the Judge, or in response to a motion 
to compel, the claim shall: Identify the information that would be 
disclosed; set forth the privilege that is claimed; and allege the 
facts showing that the information is privileged. The claim shall be 
supported by affidavits, depositions, or testimony and shall specify 
the relief sought. The claim may be accompanied by a motion for a 
protective order or by a motion that the allegedly privileged 
information be received and the claim ruled upon in camera, that is, 
with the record and hearing room closed to the public, or ex parte, 
that is, without the participation of parties and their 
representatives. The Judge may enter an order and impose terms and 
conditions on the Judge's examination of the claim as justice may 
require, including an order designed to ensure that the allegedly 
privileged information not be disclosed until after the examination is 
completed.
    (2) Upholding or rejecting claims of privilege. If the Judge 
upholds the claim of privilege, the Judge may order and impose terms 
and conditions as justice may require, including a protective order. If 
the Judge overrules the claim, the person claiming the privilege may 
obtain as of right an order sealing from the public those portions of 
the record containing the allegedly privileged information pending 
interlocutory or final review of the ruling, or final disposition of 
the case, by the Commission. Interlocutory review of such an order 
shall be given priority consideration by the Commission.
    (3) Resolving claims of privilege outside of discovery proceedings. 
A Judge may utilize the procedures set forth in paragraphs (d) and (e) 
of this section outside of discovery proceedings, including during the 
hearing.
    (e) Protective orders. In connection with any discovery procedures 
and where a showing of good cause has been made, the Commission or the 
Judge may make any order including, but not limited to, one or more of 
the following:
    (1) That the discovery not be had;
    (2) That the discovery may be had only on specified terms and 
conditions, including a designation of the time or place;
    (3) That the discovery may be had only by a method of discovery 
other than that selected by the party seeking discovery;
    (4) That certain matters not be inquired into, or that the scope of 
the discovery be limited to certain matters;
    (5) That discovery be conducted with no one present except persons 
designated by the Commission or the Judge;
    (6) That a deposition after being sealed be opened only by order of 
the Commission or the Judge;
    (7) That a trade secret or other confidential research, 
development, or commercial information not be disclosed or be disclosed 
only in a designated way;
    (8) That the parties simultaneously file specified documents or 
information enclosed in sealed envelopes to be opened as directed by 
the Commission or the Judge.
    (f) Failure to cooperate; motions to compel; sanctions--(1) Motions 
to compel discovery. A party may file a motion conforming to Sec.  
2200.40 for an order compelling discovery when another party refuses or 
obstructs discovery. In considering a motion to compel, the Judge shall 
treat an evasive or incomplete answer as a failure to answer.
    (2) Sanctions. If a party fails to comply with an order compelling 
discovery, the Judge may enter an order to redress the failure. Such 
order may issue upon the initiative of a Judge, after affording an 
opportunity to show cause why the order should not be entered, or upon 
the motion of a party conforming to Sec.  2200.40. The order may 
include any sanction stated in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 37, 
including the following:
    (i) An order that designated facts shall be taken to be established 
for purposes of the case in accordance with the claim of the party 
obtaining that order;
    (ii) An order refusing to permit the disobedient party to support 
or to oppose designated claims or defenses or prohibiting it from 
introducing designated matters in evidence;
    (iii) An order striking pleadings or parts of pleadings or staying 
further proceedings until the order is obeyed; and
    (iv) An order dismissing the action or proceeding or any part of 
the action or proceeding or rendering a judgment by default against the 
disobedient party.
    (g) Unreasonable delays. None of the discovery procedures set forth 
in these rules shall be used in a manner or at a time which shall delay 
or impede the progress of the case toward hearing status or the hearing 
of the case on the date for which it is scheduled, unless, in the 
interests of justice, the Judge shall order otherwise. Unreasonable 
delays in utilizing discovery procedures may result in termination of 
the party's right to conduct discovery.
    (h) Show cause orders. All show cause orders issued by the 
Commission or the Judge under paragraph (f) of this section shall be 
served in a manner prescribed in Sec.  2200.7(o).
    (i) Supplementation of responses. A party that has responded to a 
request for discovery with a response that was complete when made is 
under no duty to supplement the response to include information 
subsequently acquired, except as follows:
    (1) A party is under a duty to promptly supplement the response 
with respect to any question directly addressed to:
    (i) The identity and location of persons having knowledge of 
discoverable matters; and
    (ii) The identity of each person expected to be called as an expert 
witness at the hearing, the subject matter on which the person is 
expected to testify, and the substance of the person's testimony.
    (2) A party is under a duty to promptly amend a prior response if 
the party obtains information upon the basis of which:
    (i) The party knows that the response was incorrect when made; or
    (ii) The party knows that the response though correct when made is 
no longer true and the circumstances are such that a failure to amend 
the response is in substance a knowing concealment.
    (3) A duty to supplement responses may be imposed by order of the 
court, agreement of the parties, or at any time prior to the hearing 
through new requests for supplementation of prior responses.
    (j) Filing of discovery. Requests for production or inspection 
under Sec.  2200.53, requests for admission under Sec.  2200.54 and 
responses to requests for admission, interrogatories under Sec.  
2200.55 and the answers to interrogatories, and depositions under Sec.  
2200.56 shall be served upon other counsel or parties, but shall not be 
filed with the Commission or the Judge. The party responsible for 
service of the discovery material shall retain the original and become 
the custodian.
    (k) Relief from discovery requests. If relief is sought under Sec.  
2200.101 or Sec.  2200.52(e), (f), or (g) concerning any 
interrogatories, requests for production or inspection, requests for 
admissions, answers to interrogatories, or responses to requests for 
admissions, copies of the portions of the interrogatories, requests, 
answers, or responses in dispute shall be filed with the Commission or 
the Judge contemporaneously with any motion filed under Sec.  2200.101 
or Sec.  2200.52(e), (f), or (g).
    (l) Use at hearing. If interrogatories, requests, answers, 
responses, or depositions are to be used at the hearing or are 
necessary to a prehearing motion

[[Page 14568]]

which might result in a final order on any claim, the portions to be 
used shall be filed with the Commission or the Judge at the outset of 
the hearing or at the filing of the motion insofar as their use can be 
reasonably anticipated. Section 2200.56(f) prescribes additional 
procedures pertaining to the use of depositions at a hearing.
    (m) Use on review or appeal. When documentation of discovery not 
previously in the record is needed for review or appeal purposes, upon 
an application and order of the Commission or the Judge, the necessary 
discovery documents shall be filed with the Executive Secretary of the 
Commission.


Sec.  2200.53  Production of documents and things.

    (a) Scope. At any time after the filing of the first responsive 
pleading or motion that delays the filing of an answer, such as a 
motion to dismiss, any party may serve on any other party a request to:
    (1) Produce and permit the party making the request, or a person 
acting on the party's behalf, to inspect and copy any designated 
documents, or to inspect and copy, test, or sample any tangible things 
which are in the possession, custody, or control of the party upon whom 
the request is served;
    (2) Permit entry upon designated land or other property in the 
possession or control of the party upon whom the request is served for 
the purpose of inspection and measuring, surveying, photographing, 
testing, or sampling the property or any designated object or operation 
on the property.
    (b) Procedure. The request shall set forth the items to be 
inspected, either by individual item or by category, and describe each 
item and category with reasonable particularity. It shall specify a 
reasonable time, place, and manner of making the inspection and 
performing related acts. The party upon whom the request is served 
shall serve a written response within 30 days after service of the 
request, unless the requesting party allows a longer time. The 
Commission or the Judge may allow a shorter time or a longer time, 
should the requesting party deny an extension. The response shall 
state, with respect to each item or category, that inspection and 
related activities will be permitted as requested, unless the request 
is objected to in whole or in part, in which event the reasons for 
objection shall be stated. If objection is made to part of an item or 
category, that part shall be specified. To obtain a ruling on an 
objection by the responding party, the requesting party shall file a 
motion conforming to Sec.  2200.40 with the Judge and shall annex its 
request to the motion, together with the response and objections, if 
any.


Sec.  2200.54  Request for admissions.

    (a) Scope and procedure--(1) Scope. Any time after the filing of 
the first responsive pleading or motion that delays the filing of an 
answer, such as a motion to dismiss, a party may serve on any other 
party a written request to admit, for purposes of the pending action 
only, the truth of any matters within the scope of Sec.  2200.52(b) 
relating to:
    (i) Facts, the application of law to fact, or opinions about 
either; and
    (ii) The genuineness of any described documents.
    (2) Form; copy of a document. Each matter must be separately 
stated. The number of requested admissions shall not exceed 25, 
including subparts, except upon the agreement of the parties or by 
order of the Commission or the Judge. A request to admit the 
genuineness of a document must be accompanied by a copy of the document 
unless it is, or has been, otherwise furnished or made available for 
inspection and copying.
    (3) Time to respond; effect of not responding. A matter is admitted 
unless, within 30 days after being served, the party to whom the 
request is directed serves on the requesting party a written answer or 
objection addressed to the matter and signed by the party or its 
representative. A shorter or longer time for responding may be provided 
by written stipulation of the parties or by order of the Commission or 
the Judge.
    (4) Answer. If a matter is not admitted, the answer must 
specifically deny it or state in detail why the answering party cannot 
truthfully admit or deny it. A denial must fairly respond to the 
substance of the matter; and when good faith requires that a party 
qualify an answer or deny only a part of a matter, the answer must 
specify the part admitted and qualify or deny the rest. The answering 
party may assert lack of knowledge or information as a reason for 
failing to admit or deny only if the party states that it has made 
reasonable inquiry and that the information it knows or can readily 
obtain is insufficient to enable it to admit or deny.
    (5) Objections. The grounds for objecting to a request must be 
stated. A party must not object solely on the ground that the request 
presents a genuine issue for hearing.
    (6) Motion regarding the sufficiency of an answer or objection. The 
requesting party may move to determine the sufficiency of an answer or 
objection. Unless an objection is sustained, the Commission or the 
Judge must order that an answer be served. On finding that an answer 
does not comply with this rule, the Commission or the Judge may order 
either that the matter is admitted or that an amended answer be served. 
The Commission or the Judge may defer the final decision until a 
prehearing conference or a specified time before hearing.
    (b) Effect of admission; withdrawal or modification. A matter 
admitted under paragraph (a) of this section is conclusively 
established unless the Commission or the Judge on motion permits the 
admission to be withdrawn or amended. The Commission or the Judge may 
permit withdrawal or modification if it would promote the presentation 
of the merits of the case and if the Commission or the Judge is not 
persuaded that it would prejudice the requesting party in maintaining 
or defending the case on the merits. An admission under paragraph (a) 
of this section is not an admission for any other purpose and cannot be 
used against the party in any other proceeding.


Sec.  2200.55  Interrogatories.

    (a) General. At any time after the filing of the first responsive 
pleading or motion that delays the filing of an answer, such as a 
motion to dismiss, any party may serve interrogatories upon any other 
party. The number of interrogatories shall not exceed 25 questions, 
including subparts, except upon the agreement of the parties or by 
order of the Commission or the Judge. The party seeking to serve more 
than 25 questions, including subparts, shall have the burden of 
persuasion to establish that the complexity of the case or the number 
of citation items necessitates a greater number of interrogatories.
    (b) Answers. All answers shall be made in good faith and as 
completely as the answering party's information will permit. The 
answering party is required to make reasonable inquiry and ascertain 
readily obtainable information. An answering party may not give lack of 
information or knowledge as an answer or as a reason for failure to 
answer, unless the answering party states that it has made reasonable 
inquiry and that information known or readily obtainable by it is 
insufficient to enable it to answer the substance of the interrogatory.
    (c) Procedure. Each interrogatory shall be answered separately and 
fully under oath or affirmation. If the interrogatory is objected to, 
the objection shall be stated in lieu of the answer. The answers are to 
be signed by the person

[[Page 14569]]

making them and the objections shall be signed by the party or its 
counsel. The party on whom the interrogatories have been served shall 
serve a copy of its answers or objections upon the propounding party 
within 30 days after the service of the interrogatories. The Judge may 
allow a shorter or longer time. The burden shall be on the party 
submitting the interrogatories to file a motion conforming to Sec.  
2200.40 for an order with respect to any objection or other failure to 
answer an interrogatory.


Sec.  2200.56  Depositions.

    (a) General. Depositions of parties, intervenors, or witnesses 
shall be allowed only by agreement of all the parties or on order of 
the Commission or the Judge following the filing of a motion of a party 
stating good and just reasons. All depositions shall be before an 
officer authorized to administer oaths and affirmations at the place of 
examination. The deposition shall be taken in accordance with the 
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, particularly Federal Rule of Civil 
Procedure 30.
    (b) When to file. A motion to take depositions may be filed after 
the filing of the first responsive pleading or motion that delays the 
filing of an answer, such as a motion to dismiss.
    (c) Notice of taking. Any depositions allowed by the Commission or 
the Judge may be taken after 14 days' written notice to the other party 
or parties. The 14-day notice requirement may be waived by the parties 
pursuant to Sec.  2200.52(a)(4)(i).
    (d) Method of recording and expenses. The party that notices the 
deposition must state in the notice the method for recording the 
testimony. Unless the Commission or the Judge orders otherwise, 
testimony may be recorded by audio, audiovisual, or stenographic means. 
Witnesses whose depositions are taken and the person recording the 
deposition shall each be paid the same fees that are paid for like 
services in the federal courts. Any party may arrange to transcribe a 
deposition. The party noticing the deposition shall pay the recording 
costs, any witness fees, and mileage expense. Deposition subpoenas 
shall comply with Sec.  2200.65.
    (e) Use of depositions. Depositions taken under this rule may be 
used for discovery, to contradict or impeach the testimony of a 
deponent as a witness, or for any other purpose permitted by the 
Federal Rules of Evidence and the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, 
particularly Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 32. An audio or 
audiovisual deposition offered into evidence in whole or in part must 
be accompanied by a transcription of the deposition. All transcription 
costs must be borne by the party offering the deposition into evidence.
    (f) Excerpts from depositions to be offered at hearing. Except when 
used for purposes of impeachment, at least 7 days prior to the hearing, 
the parties or counsel shall furnish to the Judge and all opposing 
parties or counsel the transcribed excerpts from depositions (by page 
and line number) which they expect to introduce at the hearing. Four 
working days later, the adverse party or counsel for the adverse party 
shall furnish to the Judge and all opposing parties or counsel 
additional transcribed excerpts from the depositions (by page and line 
number) which they expect to be read pursuant to Federal Rules of Civil 
Procedure 32(a)(4), as well as any objections (by page and line number) 
to opposing party's or counsel's depositions. With reasonable notice to 
the Judge and all parties or counsel, other excerpts may be read.


Sec.  2200.57  [Reserved]

Subpart E--Hearings


Sec.  2200.60  Notice of hearing; location.

    Except by agreement of the parties, or in an expedited proceeding 
under Sec.  2200.103, when a hearing is first set, the Judge shall give 
the parties and intervenors notice of the time, place, and nature of 
the hearing at least 30 days in advance of the hearing. If a hearing is 
being rescheduled, or if exigent circumstances are present, at least 10 
days' notice shall be given. The Judge will designate a place and time 
of hearing that involves as little inconvenience and expense to the 
parties as is practicable.


Sec.  2200.61  Submission without hearing.

    (a) A case may be fully stipulated by the parties and submitted to 
the Commission or the Judge for a decision at any time. The stipulation 
of facts shall be in writing and signed by the parties or their 
representatives. The submission of a case under this rule does not 
alter the burden of proof, the requirements otherwise applicable with 
respect to adducing proof, or the effect of failure of proof.
    (b) Motions for summary judgment are governed by Sec.  2200.40(j).


Sec.  2200.62  Postponement of hearing.

    (a) Motion to postpone. A hearing may be postponed by the Judge on 
the Judge's own initiative or for good cause shown upon the motion of a 
party. A motion for postponement shall state the position of the other 
parties, either by a joint motion or by a representation of the moving 
party. The filing of a motion for postponement does not automatically 
postpone a hearing. The form and content of such motions shall comply 
with Sec.  2200.40.
    (b) Grounds for postponement. A motion for postponement grounded on 
conflicting engagements of counsel or employment of new counsel shall 
be promptly filed.
    (c) When motion must be received. A motion to postpone a hearing 
must be received at least 10 days prior to the hearing. A motion for 
postponement received less than 10 days prior to the hearing will 
generally be denied unless good cause is shown for late filing.
    (d) Postponement in excess of 60 days. No postponement in excess of 
60 days shall be granted without the concurrence of the Chief 
Administrative Law Judge. The original of any motion seeking a 
postponement in excess of 60 days shall be filed with the Judge and a 
copy sent to the Chief Administrative Law Judge.


Sec.  2200.63  Stay of proceedings.

    (a) Motion for stay. Stays are not favored. A party seeking a stay 
of a case assigned to a Judge shall file a motion for stay conforming 
to Sec.  2200.40 with the Judge and send a copy to the Chief 
Administrative Law Judge. A motion for a stay shall state the position 
of the other parties, either by a joint motion or by the representation 
of the moving party. The motion shall set forth the reasons a stay is 
sought and the length of the stay requested.
    (b) Ruling on motion to stay. The Judge, with the concurrence of 
the Chief Administrative Law Judge, may grant any motion for stay for 
the period requested or for such period as is deemed appropriate.
    (c) Periodic reports required. The parties in a stayed proceeding 
shall be required to submit periodic reports on such terms and 
conditions as the Judge may direct. The length of time between the 
reports shall be no longer than 90 days unless the Judge otherwise 
orders.


Sec.  2200.64  Failure to appear.

    (a) Attendance at hearing. The failure of a party to appear in 
person or by a duly authorized representative at the hearing 
constitutes a waiver of the right to a hearing. A failure of the 
Secretary to appear constitutes abandonment of the case. A failure of 
the Respondent to appear is deemed an admission of the facts alleged 
and consent to the relief sought in the Complaint (or, in Simplified 
Proceedings, the citation and notification of proposed penalty). The 
Judge may default the non-appearing party without further proceeding or 
notice.

[[Page 14570]]

    (b) Requests for reinstatement. Requests for reinstatement must be 
made, in the absence of extraordinary circumstances, within 7 days 
after the scheduled hearing date. See Sec.  2200.90(b)(3).
    (c) Rescheduling hearing. The Commission or the Judge, upon a 
showing of good cause, may excuse such failure to appear. In such 
event, the hearing will be rescheduled as expeditiously as possible 
from the issuance of the Judge's order.


Sec.  2200.65  Issuance of subpoenas; petitions to revoke or modify 
subpoenas; payment of witness fees and mileage; right to inspect or 
copy data.

    (a) Issuance of subpoenas. On behalf of the Commission or any 
Commission member, the Judge shall, on the application of any party, 
issue to the applying party subpoenas requiring the attendance and 
testimony of witnesses and/or the production of any evidence, 
including, but not limited to, relevant books, records, correspondence, 
or documents, in the witness' possession or under the witness' control, 
at a deposition or at a hearing before the Commission or the Judge. The 
party to whom the subpoena is issued shall be responsible for its 
service. Applications for subpoenas, if filed prior to the assignment 
of the case to a Judge, shall be filed with the Executive Secretary at 
One Lafayette Centre, 1120 20th Street NW, Suite 980, Washington, DC 
20036-3457. After the case has been assigned to a Judge, applications 
shall be filed with the Judge. Applications for subpoena(s) may be made 
ex parte. The subpoena shall show on its face the name and address of 
the party at whose request the subpoena was issued.
    (b) Service of subpoenas. A subpoena may be served by any person 
who is not a party and is not less than 18 years of age. Service of a 
subpoena upon the person it names may be made by service on the person 
named, by certified mail return receipt requested, or by leaving a copy 
at the person's principal place of business or at the person's 
residence with a person of suitable age and discretion who resides 
there. A subpoena may be served at any place in the United States or 
any Territory or possession of the United States. A subpoena may 
command a person to attend and produce documents or tangible things, 
from any place in the United States or any Territory or possession of 
the United States, at any designated place of hearing or deposition.
    (c) Revocation or modification of subpoenas. Any person served with 
a subpoena, whether requiring attendance and testimony (ad 
testificandum) or for the production of evidence (duces tecum), shall, 
within 5 days after the date of service of the subpoena, move in 
writing to revoke or modify the subpoena if the person does not intend 
to comply. All motions to revoke or modify shall be served on the party 
at whose request the subpoena was issued. The Commission or the Judge 
shall revoke or modify the subpoena if in its opinion the evidence 
whose production is required does not relate to any matter under 
investigation or in question in the proceedings or the subpoena does 
not describe with sufficient particularity the evidence to be produced, 
or if for any other reason sufficient in law the subpoena is otherwise 
invalid. The Commission or the Judge shall make a simple statement of 
procedural or other grounds for the ruling on the motion to revoke, 
modify, or affirm. The motion to revoke or modify, any answer filed, 
and any ruling on the motion shall become part of the record.
    (d) Rights of persons compelled to submit data or other information 
in documents. Persons compelled to submit data or other information at 
a public proceeding are entitled to retain documents they submitted 
that contain the data or information, or to procure a copy of such 
documents upon their payment of lawfully prescribed costs. If such 
persons submit the data or other information by testimony, they are 
entitled to a copy of the transcript of their testimony upon their 
payment of the lawfully prescribed costs.
    (e) Witness fees and mileage. Witnesses summoned to appear for a 
deposition or to appear before the Commission or the Judge shall be 
paid the same witness fees and mileage expense that are paid witnesses 
in the federal courts. Witness fees and mileage expense shall be paid 
by the party at whose instance the witness appears.
    (f) Failure to comply with subpoena. Upon the failure of any person 
to comply with the subpoena issued upon the request of a party, the 
Commission by its counsel shall recommend to the U.S. Department of 
Justice that proceedings be initiated in the appropriate district court 
for the enforcement of the subpoena, if in the Commission's judgment 
the enforcement of the subpoena would be consistent with law and with 
policies of the Act. In such instances, neither the Commission nor its 
counsel shall be deemed to have assumed responsibility for the 
effective prosecution of the subpoena before the court.


Sec.  2200.66  Transcript of testimony.

    (a) Hearings. Hearings shall be transcribed verbatim. A copy of the 
transcript of testimony taken at the hearing, duly certified by the 
reporter, shall be filed with the Judge before whom the matter was 
heard.
    (b) Payment for transcript. The Commission shall bear all expenses 
for court reporters' fees and for copies of the hearing transcript 
received by it. Each party is responsible for securing and paying for 
its copy of the transcript.
    (c) Correction of errors. Error in the transcript of the hearing 
may be corrected by the Judge on the Judge's own motion, on joint 
motion by the parties, or on motion by any party. The motion shall 
conform to Sec.  2200.40 and shall state the error in the transcript 
and the correction to be made. The official transcript shall reflect 
the corrections.


Sec.  2200.67  Duties and powers of Judges.

    It shall be the duty of the Judge to conduct a fair and impartial 
hearing, to assure that the facts are fully elicited, to adjudicate all 
issues and avoid delay. The Judge shall have authority with respect to 
cases assigned to the Judge, between the time the Judge is designated 
and the time the Judge issues a decision, subject to the rules and 
regulations of the Commission, to:
    (a) Administer oaths and affirmations;
    (b) Issue authorized subpoenas and rule on petitions to modify, 
remove, or affirm, in accordance with Sec.  2200.65;
    (c) Rule on claims of privilege and claims that information is 
protected and issue protective orders, in accordance with Sec.  
2200.52(d) and (e).
    (d) Rule upon offers of proof and receive relevant evidence;
    (e) Take or cause depositions to be taken whenever the needs of 
justice would be served;
    (f) Regulate the course of the hearing and, if appropriate or 
necessary, exclude persons or counsel from the hearing for contemptuous 
conduct and strike all related testimony of witnesses refusing to 
answer any proper questions;
    (g) Hold conferences for the settlement or simplification of the 
issues;
    (h) Dispose of procedural requests or similar matters, including 
motions referred to the Judge by the Commission and motions to amend 
pleadings; also to dismiss complaints, or portions of complaints, and 
to order hearings reopened or, upon motion, consolidated prior to 
issuance of a decision;
    (i) Make decisions that conform to 5 U.S.C. 557 of the 
Administrative Procedure Act;

[[Page 14571]]

    (j) Call and examine witnesses and to introduce into the record 
documentary or other evidence;
    (k) Approve or appoint an interpreter;
    (l) Request the parties to state their respective positions 
concerning any issue in the case or theory in support of their 
position;
    (m) Adjourn the hearing as the needs of justice and good 
administration require;
    (n) Take any other action necessary under the foregoing and 
authorized by the published rules and regulations of the Commission.


Sec.  2200.68  Recusal of the Judge.

    (a) Discretionary recusal. A Judge may recuse himself or herself 
from a proceeding whenever the Judge deems it appropriate.
    (b) Mandatory recusal. A Judge shall recuse himself or herself 
under circumstances that would require disqualification of a federal 
judge under Canon 3(C) of the Code of Conduct for United States Judges, 
except that the required recusal may be set aside under the conditions 
specified by Canon 3(D).
    (c) Request for recusal. Any party may request that the Judge, at 
any time following the Judge's designation and before the filing of a 
decision, be recused under paragraph (a) or (b) of this section or both 
by filing with the Judge, promptly upon the discovery of the alleged 
facts, an affidavit setting forth in detail the matters alleged to 
constitute grounds for recusal.
    (d) Ruling on request. If the Judge finds that a request for 
recusal has been filed with due diligence and that the material filed 
in support of the request establishes that recusal either is 
appropriate under paragraph (a) of this section or is required under 
paragraph (b) of this section, the Judge shall recuse himself or 
herself from the proceeding. If the Judge denies a request for recusal, 
the Judge shall issue a ruling on the record, stating the grounds for 
denying the request, and shall proceed with the hearing, or, if the 
hearing has closed, proceed with the issuance of a decision under the 
provisions of Sec.  2200.90.


Sec.  2200.69  Examination of witnesses.

    Witnesses shall be examined orally under oath or affirmation. 
Opposing parties have the right to cross-examine any witness whose 
testimony is introduced by an adverse party. All parties shall have the 
right to cross-examine any witness called by the Judge pursuant to 
Sec.  2200.67(j).


Sec.  2200.70  Exhibits.

    (a) Marking exhibits. All exhibits offered in evidence by a party 
shall be marked for identification before or during the hearing. 
Exhibits shall be marked with the case docket number, with a 
designation identifying the party or intervenor offering the exhibit, 
and numbered consecutively.
    (b) Removal or substitution of exhibits in evidence. Unless the 
Judge finds it impractical, a copy of each exhibit shall be given to 
the other parties and intervenors. A party may remove an exhibit from 
the official record during the hearing or at the conclusion of the 
hearing only upon permission of the Judge. The Judge, in the Judge's 
discretion, may permit the substitution of a duplicate for any original 
document offered into evidence.
    (c) Reasons for denial of admitting exhibit. A Judge may, in the 
Judge's discretion, deny the admission of any exhibit because of its 
excessive size, weight, or other characteristic that prohibits its 
convenient transportation and storage. A party may offer into evidence 
photographs, models, or other representations of any such exhibit.
    (d) Rejected exhibits. All exhibits offered but denied admission 
into evidence, except exhibits referred to in paragraph (c) of this 
section, shall be placed in a separate file designated for rejected 
exhibits.
    (e) Return of physical exhibits. A party may on motion request the 
return of a physical exhibit within 30 days after expiration of the 
time for filing a petition for review of a Commission final order in a 
United States Court of Appeals under section 11 of the Act, 29 U.S.C. 
660, or within 30 days after completion of any proceedings initiated in 
a Court of Appeals. The motion shall be addressed to the Executive 
Secretary and provide supporting reasons. The exhibit shall be returned 
if the Executive Secretary determines that it is no longer necessary 
for use in any Commission proceeding.
    (f) Request for custody of physical exhibit. Any person may on 
motion to the Executive Secretary request custody of a physical exhibit 
for use in any court or tribunal. The motion shall state the reasons 
for the request and the duration of custody requested. If the exhibit 
has been admitted in a pending Commission case, the motion shall be 
served on all parties to the proceeding. Any person granted custody of 
an exhibit shall inform the Executive Secretary of the status every 6 
months of the person's continuing need for the exhibit and return the 
exhibit after completion of the proceeding.
    (g) Disposal of physical exhibit. Any physical exhibit may be 
disposed of by the Commission's Executive Secretary subject to the 
requirements of the National Archives and Records Administration.


Sec.  2200.71  Rules of evidence.

    The Federal Rules of Evidence are applicable.


Sec.  2200.72  Objections.

    (a) Statement of objection. Any objection with respect to the 
conduct of the hearing, including any objection to the introduction of 
evidence or a ruling by the Judge, may be stated orally or in writing, 
accompanied by a short statement of the grounds for the objection, and 
shall be included in the record. No such objection shall be deemed 
waived by further participation in the hearing.
    (b) Offer of proof. Whenever evidence is excluded from the record, 
the party offering such evidence may make an offer of proof, which 
shall be included in the record of the proceeding.
    (c) Once the Judge rules definitively on the record--either before 
or at the hearing--a party need not renew an objection or offer of 
proof to preserve a claim of error for appeal.


Sec.  2200.73  Interlocutory review.

    (a) General. Interlocutory review of a Judge's ruling is 
discretionary with the Commission. A petition for interlocutory review 
may be granted only where the petition asserts and the Commission 
finds:
    (1) That the review involves an important question of law or policy 
that controls the outcome of the case, and that immediate review of the 
ruling will materially expedite the final disposition of the 
proceedings or subsequent review by the Commission may provide an 
inadequate remedy; or
    (2) That the ruling will result in a disclosure, before the 
Commission may review the Judge's report, of information that is 
alleged to be privileged.
    (b) Petition for interlocutory review. Within 7 days following the 
service of a Judge's ruling from which review is sought, a party may 
file a petition for interlocutory review with the Commission. Responses 
to the petition, if any, shall be filed within 7 days following service 
of the petition. Service of the filed petition on the other parties and 
intervenors shall be accomplished in a manner prescribed in Sec.  
2200.7(c). A copy of the petition and responses shall be filed with the 
Judge. The petition is denied unless granted within 30 days of the date 
of receipt by the Commission's Executive Secretary. A corporate party 
that files a petition for interlocutory review or a response to such a 
petition under this section shall file with the Commission a copy of 
its declaration of

[[Page 14572]]

corporate parents, subsidiaries, and affiliates previously filed with 
the Judge under the requirements of Sec.  2200.35 or Sec.  
2200.37(d)(4). In its discretion the Commission may refuse to accept 
for filing a petition or response that fails to comply with this 
disclosure requirement. A corporate party filing the declaration 
required by this paragraph shall have a continuing duty to advise the 
Executive Secretary of any changes to its declaration until the 
petition is deemed denied or a decision is issued on the merits.
    (c) Denial without prejudice. The Commission's decision not to 
grant a petition for interlocutory review shall not preclude a party 
from raising an objection to the Judge's interlocutory ruling in a 
petition for discretionary review.
    (d) Stay--(1) Trade secret matters. The filing of a petition for 
interlocutory review of a Judge's ruling concerning an alleged trade 
secret shall stay the effect of the ruling until the petition is deemed 
denied or ruled upon.
    (2) Other cases. In all other cases, the filing or granting of a 
petition for interlocutory review shall not stay a proceeding or the 
effect of a ruling unless otherwise ordered.
    (e) Judge's comments. The Judge may be requested to provide the 
Commission with written views on whether the petition is meritorious. 
When the written comments are filed with the Commission, the Judge 
shall serve the comments on all parties in a manner prescribed in Sec.  
2200.7(c).
    (f) Briefs. Notice shall be given to the parties if the Commission 
decides to request briefs on the issues raised by an interlocutory 
review. See Sec.  2200.93--Briefs before the Commission.
    (g) When filing effective. A petition for interlocutory review is 
deemed to be filed only when received by the Commission, as specified 
in Sec.  2200.8(e)(2).


Sec.  2200.74  Filing of briefs and proposed findings with the Judge; 
oral argument at the hearing.

    (a) General. A party is entitled to a reasonable period at the 
close of the hearing for oral argument, which shall be included in the 
transcript of the hearing. Any party shall be entitled, upon request 
made before the close of hearing, to file a brief, proposed findings of 
fact and conclusions of law, or both, with the Judge. In lieu of 
briefs, the Judge may permit or direct the parties to file memoranda or 
statements of authority.
    (b) Time. Briefs shall be filed simultaneously on a date 
established by the Judge. A motion for extension of time for filing any 
brief shall be made at least 3 working days prior to the due date and 
shall recite that the moving party has conferred with the other parties 
on the motion. Reply briefs shall not be allowed except by order of the 
Judge.
    (c) Untimely briefs. Untimely briefs will not be accepted unless 
accompanied by a motion setting forth good cause for the delay. The 
form and content of motions shall comply with Sec.  2200.40.

Subpart F--Posthearing Procedures


Sec.  2200.90  Decisions and reports of Judges.

    (a) Judge's decision--(1) Contents of Judge's decision. The Judge 
shall prepare a decision that conforms to 5 U.S.C. 557 of the 
Administrative Procedure Act and constitutes the final disposition of 
the proceedings. The decision shall be in writing and shall include 
findings of fact, conclusions of law, and the reasons or bases for 
them, on all the material issues of fact, law, or discretion presented 
on the record. The decision shall include an order affirming, 
modifying, or vacating each contested citation item and each proposed 
penalty or directing other appropriate relief. A decision finally 
disposing of a petition for modification of the abatement period shall 
contain an order affirming or modifying the abatement period.
    (2) Service of the Judge's decision. The Judge shall serve a copy 
of the decision on each party in a manner prescribed in Sec.  
2200.7(c).
    (b) Judge's report--(1) Contents of Judge's report. The Judge's 
report shall consist of the entire record, including the Judge's 
decision.
    (2) Filing of Judge's report. On the eleventh day after service of 
the decision on the parties, the Judge shall file the report with the 
Executive Secretary for docketing.
    (3) Docketing of Judge's report by Executive Secretary. Promptly 
upon filing of the Judge's report, the Executive Secretary shall docket 
the report and notify all parties of the docketing date. The date of 
docketing of the Judge's report is the date that the Judge's report is 
made for purposes of section 12(j) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. 661(j).
    (4) Correction of errors in Judge's report. (i) Until the Judge's 
report has been directed for review or, in the absence of a direction 
for review, until the decision has become a final order as described in 
paragraph (f) of this section, the Judge may correct clerical errors 
arising through oversight or inadvertence in decisions, orders, or 
other parts of the record under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60(a). 
If a Judge's report has been directed for review, the decision may be 
corrected during the pendency of review with leave of the Commission.
    (ii) After a Judge's decision has become a final order as described 
in paragraph (f) of this section, the Commission or the Judge may 
correct a clerical mistake or a mistake arising from oversight or 
omission under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60(a).
    (c) Relief from default. Until the Judge's report has been docketed 
by the Executive Secretary, the Judge may relieve a party of default or 
grant reinstatement under Sec.  2200.101(b), Sec.  2200.52(f), or Sec.  
2200.64(b).
    (d) Filing documents after the docketing date. Except for documents 
filed under paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section, which shall be filed 
with the Judge, on or after the date of docketing of the Judge's report 
all documents shall be filed with the Executive Secretary.
    (e) Settlement. Settlement documents shall be filed in the manner 
prescribed in Sec.  2200.100(c).
    (f) Judge's decision final unless review directed. If no 
Commissioner directs review of a report on or before the thirtieth day 
following the date of docketing of the Judge's report, the decision of 
the Judge shall become a final order of the Commission.


Sec.  2200.91  Discretionary review; petitions for discretionary 
review; statements in opposition to petitions.

    (a) Review discretionary. Review by the Commission is not a right. 
A Commissioner may, as a matter of discretion, direct review on the 
Commissioner's own motion or on the petition of a party.
    (b) Petitions for discretionary review. A party adversely affected 
or aggrieved by the decision of the Judge may seek review by the 
Commission by filing a petition for discretionary review with the 
Executive Secretary at any time following the service of the Judge's 
decision on the parties but no later than 20 days after the date of 
docketing of the Judge's report. Service of the filed petition on the 
other parties and intervenors shall be accomplished in a manner 
prescribed in Sec.  2200.7(c). The earlier a petition is filed, the 
more consideration it can be given. A petition for discretionary review 
may be conditional, and it may state that review is sought only if a 
Commissioner were to direct review on the petition of an opposing 
party.
    (c) Cross-petitions for discretionary review. Where a petition for 
discretionary review has been filed by

[[Page 14573]]

one party, any other party adversely affected or aggrieved by the 
decision of the Judge may seek review by the Commission by filing a 
cross-petition for discretionary review. The cross-petition may be 
conditional. See paragraph (b) of this section. A cross-petition shall 
be filed directly with the Executive Secretary within 27 days after the 
date of docketing of the Judge's report. The earlier a cross-petition 
is filed, the more consideration it can be given.
    (d) Contents of the petition. No particular form is required for a 
petition for discretionary review. A petition should state why review 
should be directed, including: Whether the Judge's decision raises an 
important question of law, policy, or discretion; whether review by the 
Commission will resolve a question about which the Commission's Judges 
have rendered differing opinions; whether the Judge's decision is 
contrary to law or Commission precedent; whether a finding of material 
fact is not supported by a preponderance of the evidence; whether a 
prejudicial error of procedure or an abuse of discretion was committed. 
A petition should concisely state the portions of the decision for 
which review is sought and should refer to the citations and citation 
items (for example, citation 3, item 4a) for which review is sought. A 
petition shall not incorporate by reference a brief or legal 
memorandum. Brevity and the inclusion of precise references to the 
record and legal authorities will facilitate prompt review of the 
petition.
    (e) When filing effective. A petition for discretionary review is 
filed when received by the Commission, as specified in Sec.  
2200.8(e)(2).
    (f) Prerequisite to judicial review; effect of filing. A petition 
for review under this section is, under 5 U.S.C. 704, a prerequisite to 
the seeking of judicial review of the final agency action. The effect 
of filing a petition for review is to stay the decision of the Judge.
    (g) Statements in opposition to petition. Statements in opposition 
to petitions for discretionary review may be filed in the manner 
specified in this section for the filing of petitions for discretionary 
review. Statements in opposition shall concisely state why the Judge's 
decision should not be reviewed with respect to each portion of the 
petition to which it is addressed.


Sec.  2200.92  Review by the Commission.

    (a) Jurisdiction of the Commission; issues on review. Unless the 
Commission orders otherwise, a direction for review establishes 
jurisdiction in the Commission to review the entire case. The issues to 
be decided on review are within the discretion of the Commission.
    (b) Review on a Commissioner's motion; issues on review. At any 
time within 30 days after the docketing date of the Judge's report, a 
Commissioner may, on the Commissioner's own motion, direct that a 
Judge's decision be reviewed. Factors that may be considered in 
deciding whether to direct review absent a petition include, but are 
not limited to, whether the case raises novel questions of law or 
policy or involves a conflict between Administrative Law Judges' 
decisions. When a Commissioner directs review on the Commissioner's own 
motion, the issues ordinarily will be those specified in the direction 
for review or any later order.
    (c) Issues not raised before Judge. The Commission will ordinarily 
not review issues that the Judge did not have the opportunity to pass 
upon. In exercising discretion to review issues that the Judge did not 
have the opportunity to pass upon, the Commission may consider such 
factors as whether there was good cause for not raising the issue 
before the Judge, the degree to which the issue is factual, the degree 
to which proceedings will be disrupted or delayed by raising the issue 
on review, whether the ability of an adverse party to press a claim or 
defense would be impaired, and whether considering the new issue would 
avoid injustice or ensure that judgment will be rendered in accordance 
with the law and facts.


Sec.  2200.93  Briefs before the Commission.

    (a) Requests for briefs. The Commission ordinarily will request the 
parties to file briefs on issues before the Commission. After briefs 
are requested, a party may, instead of filing a brief, file a letter 
setting forth its arguments or a letter stating that it will rely on 
its petition for discretionary review or previous brief. A party not 
intending to file a brief shall notify the Commission in writing within 
the applicable time for filing briefs and shall serve a copy on all 
other parties. The provisions of this section apply to the filing of 
briefs and letters filed in lieu of briefs.
    (b) Filing briefs. Unless the briefing notice states otherwise:
    (1) Time for filing briefs. The party required to file the first 
brief shall do so within 40 days after the date of the briefing notice. 
All other parties shall file their briefs within 30 days after the 
first brief is served. Any reply brief permitted by these rules or by 
order shall be filed within 15 days after the second brief is served.
    (2) Sequence of filing. (i) If one petition for discretionary or 
interlocutory review has been filed, the petitioning party shall file 
the first brief.
    (ii) If more than one petition has been filed, the party whose 
petition was filed first shall file the first brief.
    (iii) If no petition has been filed, the parties shall file 
simultaneous briefs.
    (3) Reply briefs. The party that filed the first brief may file a 
reply brief, or, if briefs are to be filed simultaneously, both parties 
may file a reply brief. Additional briefs are otherwise not allowed 
except by leave of the Commission.
    (c) Motion for extension of time for filing brief. An extension of 
time to file a brief will ordinarily not be granted except for good 
cause shown. A motion for extension of time to file a brief shall be 
filed at the Commission no later than 5 days prior to the expiration of 
the time limit prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, shall 
comply with Sec.  2200.40, and shall include the following information: 
when the brief is due, the number and duration of extensions of time 
that have been granted to each party, the length of extension being 
requested, the specific reason for the extension being requested, and 
an assurance that the brief will be filed within the time extension 
requested.
    (d) Consequences of failure to timely file brief. The Commission 
may decline to accept a brief that is not timely filed. If a 
petitioning party fails to respond to a briefing notice or expresses no 
interest in review, the Commission may vacate the direction for review, 
or it may decide the case without that party's brief. If the non-
petitioning party fails to respond to a briefing notice or expresses no 
interest in review, the Commission may decide the case without that 
party's brief. If a case was directed for review upon a Commissioner's 
own motion, and any party fails to respond to the briefing notice, the 
Commission may either vacate the direction for review or decide the 
case without briefs.
    (e) Length of brief. Except by permission of the Commission, a main 
brief, including briefs and legal memoranda it incorporates by 
reference, shall contain no more than 35 pages of text. A reply brief, 
including briefs and legal memoranda it incorporates by reference, 
shall contain no more than 20 pages of text.
    (f) Format. Briefs shall be typewritten, double spaced, with 
typeface of text being no smaller than 12-point and typeface of 
footnotes being no smaller than 11-point, on letter size opaque paper 
(8\1/2\ inches by 11 inches). All margins shall be 1\1/2\ inches.

[[Page 14574]]

    (g) Table of contents. A brief in excess of 15 pages shall include 
a table of contents.
    (h) Failure to meet requirements. The Commission may return briefs 
that do not meet the requirements of paragraphs (e) and (f) of this 
section.
    (i) Brief of an amicus curiae. The Commission may allow a brief of 
an amicus curiae pursuant to the criteria and time period set forth in 
Sec.  2200.23. Any brief of an amicus curiae must meet the requirements 
of paragraphs (b) through (h) of this section. No reply brief of an 
amicus curiae will be received.


Sec.  2200.94  [Reserved]


Sec.  2200.95  Oral argument before the Commission.

    (a) When ordered. Upon motion of any party or upon its own motion, 
the Commission may order oral argument. Parties requesting oral 
argument must demonstrate why oral argument would facilitate resolution 
of the issues before the Commission. Normally, motions for oral 
argument shall not be considered until after all briefs have been 
filed.
    (b) Notice of argument. The Executive Secretary shall advise all 
parties whether oral argument is to be heard. Within a reasonable time 
before the oral argument is scheduled, the Executive Secretary shall 
inform the parties of the time and place therefor, the issues to be 
heard, and the time allotted to the parties.
    (c) Postponement. (1) Except under extraordinary circumstances, a 
request for postponement must be filed at least 10 days before oral 
argument is scheduled.
    (2) The Executive Secretary shall notify the parties of a 
postponement in a manner best calculated to avoid unnecessary travel or 
inconvenience to the parties. The Executive Secretary shall inform all 
parties of the new time and place for the oral argument.
    (d) Order and content of argument. (1) Counsel shall be afforded 
such time for oral argument as the Commission may provide by order. 
Requests for enlargement of time may be made by motion filed reasonably 
in advance of the date fixed for the argument.
    (2) The petitioning party shall argue first. If the case is before 
the Commission on cross-petitions, the Commission will inform the 
parties in advance of the order of appearance.
    (3) Counsel may reserve a portion of the time allowed for rebuttal 
but in opening argument shall present the case fairly and completely 
and shall not reserve points of substance for presentation during 
rebuttal.
    (4) Oral argument should undertake to emphasize and clarify the 
written arguments appearing in the briefs. The Commission will look 
with disfavor on any oral argument that is read from a previously filed 
document.
    (5) At any time, the Commission may terminate a party's argument or 
interrupt the party's presentation for questioning by the 
Commissioners.
    (e) Failure to appear. Should either party fail to appear for oral 
argument, the party present may be allowed to proceed with its 
argument.
    (f) Consolidated cases. Where two or more consolidated cases are 
scheduled for oral argument, the consolidated cases shall be considered 
as one case for the purpose of allotting time to the parties unless the 
Commission otherwise directs.
    (g) Multiple counsel. Where more than one counsel argues for a 
party to the case or for multiple parties on the same side in the case, 
it is counsels' responsibility to agree upon a fair division of the 
total time allotted. In the event of a failure to agree, the Commission 
will allocate the time. The Commission may, in its discretion, limit 
the number of counsel heard for each party or side in the argument. No 
later than 5 days prior to the date of scheduled argument, the 
Commission must be notified of the names of the counsel who will argue.
    (h) Exhibits/visual aids. (1) The parties may use exhibits 
introduced into evidence at the hearing. If a party wishes to use a 
visual aid not part of the record, written notice of the proposed use 
shall be given to opposing counsel 15 days prior to the argument. 
Objections, if any, shall be in writing, served on all adverse parties, 
and filed not fewer than 7 days before the argument.
    (2) No visual aid shall introduce or rely upon facts or evidence 
not already part of the record.
    (3) If visual aids or exhibits other than documents are to be used 
at the argument, counsel shall arrange with the Executive Secretary to 
have them placed in the hearing room on the date of the argument before 
the Commission convenes.
    (4) Parties using visual aids not introduced into evidence shall 
have them removed from the hearing room unless the Commission directs 
otherwise. If such visual aids are not reclaimed by the party within a 
reasonable time after notice is given by the Executive Secretary, such 
visual aids shall be disposed of at the discretion of the Executive 
Secretary.
    (i) Recording oral argument. (1) Unless the Commission directs 
otherwise, oral arguments shall be electronically recorded and made 
part of the record. Any other sound recording in the hearing room is 
prohibited. Oral arguments shall also be transcribed verbatim. A copy 
of the transcript of the oral argument taken by a qualified court 
reporter, shall be filed with the Commission. The Commission shall bear 
all expenses for court reporters' fees and for copies of the hearing 
transcript received by it.
    (2) Persons desiring to listen to the recordings shall make 
appropriate arrangements with the Executive Secretary. Any party 
desiring a written copy of the transcript is responsible for securing 
and paying for its copy.
    (3) Error in the transcript of the oral argument may be corrected 
by the Commission on its own motion, on joint motion by the parties, or 
on motion by any party. The motion shall state the error in the 
transcript and the correction to be made. The official transcript shall 
reflect the corrections.
    (j) Failure to file brief. A party that fails to file a brief shall 
not be heard at the time of oral argument except by permission of the 
Commission.
    (k) Participation in oral argument by amicus curiae. (1) An amicus 
curiae will not be permitted to participate in the oral argument 
without leave of the Commission upon proper motion. Participation 
generally will be limited to a portion of the time allotted to the 
party in whose interest the amicus curiae seeks to participate. In 
extraordinary circumstances, the amicus curiae may be allotted its own 
time for oral argument.
    (2) A motion by amicus curiae seeking leave to participate in oral 
argument shall be filed no later than 14 days prior to the date oral 
argument is scheduled.
    (3) The motion of an amicus curiae for leave to participate at oral 
argument shall identify the interest of the applicant and shall state 
the reason(s) why its participation at oral argument is desirable.
    (4) Motions in opposition to the motion of an amicus curiae for 
leave to participate in the oral argument must be filed within 10 days 
of the date of the motion.


Sec.  2200.96  Commission receipt of copies of petitions for judicial 
review of Commission orders when petitions for review are filed in two 
or more courts of appeals with respect to the same order.

    The Commission officer and office designated to receive, pursuant 
to 28 U.S.C. 2112(a)(1), copies of petitions for review of Commission 
orders, from the persons instituting the review proceedings in a court 
of appeals, are

[[Page 14575]]

the Executive Secretary and the Office of the Executive Secretary at 
the Commission's Office, One Lafayette Centre, 1120 20th Street NW, 
Suite 980, Washington, DC 20036-3457. The petition shall state that it 
is being submitted to the Commission pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 2112 by the 
persons or person who filed the petition in the court of appeals and 
shall be stamped by the court with the date of filing. (28 U.S.C. 
2112(a) contains certain applicable requirements.)

Subpart G--Miscellaneous Provisions


Sec.  2200.100  Settlement.

    (a) Policy. Settlement is permitted and encouraged by the 
Commission at any stage of the proceedings.
    (b) Requirements--(1) Notification of Settlement. If the parties 
have agreed to a partial or full settlement, they shall so notify the 
Judge in a written joint submission (titled ``Notification of 
Settlement'' or ``Notification of Partial Settlement,'' as 
appropriate), in which the parties shall:
    (i) List the contested items that have been settled and, if only a 
partial settlement agreement has been reached, also list the contested 
items that remain to be decided;
    (ii) If posting of the settlement agreement is required by Sec.  
2200.7(g), certify that the parties' settlement agreement has been 
posted in the manner prescribed by that rule and certify the date of 
posting;
    (iii) If party status has been elected under Sec.  2200.20, certify 
that the party has been afforded an opportunity to provide input on all 
matters pertaining to the settlement before the agreement is finalized; 
and
    (iv) If the settlement agreement includes the withdrawal of a 
notice of contest, citation, notification of proposed penalty, or 
petition for modification of abatement period, state whether such 
withdrawal is with prejudice.
    (2) The parties shall not incorporate the settlement agreement in, 
or append it to, the joint submission required in paragraph (b)(1) of 
this section or substitute the settlement agreement for the required 
joint submission.
    (3) Issuance of order terminating proceeding. If the requirements 
of paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section have been met with respect 
to all contested citation items and no affected employees who have 
elected party status have raised an objection to the reasonableness of 
any abatement period, the Judge shall issue an Order acknowledging that 
the parties have resolved all contested citation items and agreed to 
terminate the proceeding before the Commission.
    (c) Filing; service and notice. A Notification of Settlement 
submitted after a Judge's report has been issued shall be filed with 
the Executive Secretary. Proof of service shall be filed with the 
Notification of Settlement, showing service upon all parties and 
authorized employee representatives in the manner prescribed by Sec.  
2200.7(c) and (d) and the posting of notice to non-party affected 
employees in the manner prescribed by Sec.  2200.7(g). The parties 
shall also file a draft order terminating the proceedings for adoption 
by the Judge. If the time has not expired under these rules for 
electing party status, an order acknowledging the termination of the 
proceedings before the Commission because of the settlement shall not 
be issued until at least 14 days after service or posting to consider 
any affected employee's or authorized employee representative's 
objection to the reasonableness of any abatement time. The affected 
employee or authorized employee representative shall file any such 
objection within this time. If such objection is filed, the Commission 
or the Judge shall provide an opportunity for the affected employees or 
authorized employee representative to be heard and present evidence on 
the objection, which shall be limited to the reasonableness of the 
abatement period.


Sec.  2200.101  Failure to obey rules.

    (a) Sanctions. When any party has failed to plead or otherwise 
proceed as provided by these rules or as required by the Commission or 
the Judge, the party may be declared to be in default either on the 
initiative of the Commission or the Judge, after having been afforded 
an opportunity to show cause why the party should not be declared to be 
in default, or on the motion of a party. Subsequently, the Commission 
or the Judge, in their discretion, may enter a decision against the 
defaulting party or strike any pleading or document not filed in 
accordance with these rules.
    (b) Motion to set aside sanctions. For reasons deemed sufficient by 
the Commission or the Judge and upon motion conforming to Sec.  2200.40 
expeditiously made, the Commission or the Judge may set aside a 
sanction imposed under paragraph (a) of this section. See Sec.  
2200.90(c).
    (c) Discovery sanctions and failure to appear. This section does 
not apply to sanctions for failure to comply with orders compelling 
discovery, which are governed by Sec.  2200.52(f), or to a default for 
failure to appear, which is governed by Sec.  2200.64(a).
    (d) Show cause orders. All show cause orders issued by the 
Commission or the Judge under paragraph (a) of this section shall be 
served in a manner prescribed in Sec.  2200.7(o).


Sec.  2200.102  Withdrawal.

    A party may withdraw its notice of contest, citation, notification 
of proposed penalty, or petition for modification of abatement period 
at any stage of a proceeding. The notice of withdrawal shall be served 
in accordance with Sec.  2200.7(c) upon all parties and authorized 
employee representatives that are eligible to elect, but have not 
elected, party status. It shall also be posted in the manner prescribed 
in Sec.  2200.7(g) for the benefit of any affected employees not 
represented by an authorized employee representative who are eligible 
to elect, but have not elected, party status. Proof of service shall 
accompany the notice of withdrawal in accordance with Sec.  2200.7(d).


Sec.  2200.103  Expedited proceeding.

    (a) When ordered. Upon application of any party or intervenor or 
upon its own motion, the Commission may order an expedited proceeding. 
When an expedited proceeding is ordered by the Commission, the 
Executive Secretary shall notify all parties and intervenors.
    (b) Automatic expedition. Cases initiated by employee contests and 
petitions for modification of abatement period shall be expedited. See 
Sec. Sec.  2200.37(d)(2) and 2200.38(c).
    (c) Effect of ordering expedited proceeding. When an expedited 
proceeding is required by these rules or ordered by the Commission, it 
shall take precedence on the docket of the Judge to whom it is 
assigned, or on the Commission's review docket, as applicable, over all 
other classes of cases, and shall be set for hearing or for the 
submission of briefs at the earliest practicable date.
    (d) Time sequence set by Judge. The assigned Judge shall make 
rulings with respect to time for filing of pleadings and with respect 
to all other matters, without reference to times set forth in these 
rules, and shall do all other things appropriate to complete the 
proceeding in the minimum time consistent with fairness.


Sec.  2200.104  Standards of conduct.

    (a) General. All representatives appearing before the Commission 
and its Judges shall comply with the letter and spirit of the Model 
Rules of Professional Conduct of the American Bar Association.

[[Page 14576]]

    (b) Misbehavior before a Judge--(1) Exclusion from a proceeding. A 
Judge may exclude from participation in a proceeding any person, 
including a party or its representative, who engages in disruptive 
behavior, refuses to comply with orders or rules of procedure, 
continuously uses dilatory tactics, refuses to adhere to standards of 
orderly or ethical conduct, or fails to act in good faith. The cause 
for the exclusion shall be stated in writing or may be stated in the 
record if the exclusion occurs during the course of the hearing. Where 
the person removed is a party's attorney or other representative, the 
Judge shall suspend the proceeding for a reasonable time for the 
purpose of enabling the party to obtain another attorney or other 
representative.
    (2) Appeal rights if excluded. Any attorney or other representative 
excluded from a proceeding by a Judge may, within 7 days of the 
exclusion, appeal to the Commission for reinstatement. No proceeding 
shall be delayed or suspended pending disposition of the appeal.
    (c) Disciplinary action by the Commission. If an attorney or other 
representative practicing before the Commission engages in unethical or 
unprofessional conduct or fails to comply with any rule or order of the 
Commission or its Judges, the Commission may, after reasonable notice 
and an opportunity to show cause to the contrary, and after hearing, if 
requested, take any appropriate disciplinary action, including 
suspension or disbarment from practice before the Commission.
    (d) Show cause orders. All show cause orders issued by the 
Commission under paragraph (c) of this section shall be served in a 
manner prescribed in Sec.  2200.7(o).


Sec.  2200.105  Ex parte communication.

    (a) General. Except as permitted by Sec.  2200.120 or as otherwise 
authorized by law, there shall be no ex parte communication with 
respect to the merits of any case not concluded, between any 
Commissioner, Judge, employee, or agent of the Commission who is 
employed in the decisional process and any of the parties or 
intervenors, representatives, or other interested persons.
    (b) Disciplinary action. In the event an ex parte communication 
occurs, the Commission or the Judge may make such orders or take such 
actions as fairness requires. The exclusion of a person by a Judge from 
a proceeding shall be governed by Sec.  2200.104(b). Any disciplinary 
action by the Commission, including suspension or disbarment, shall be 
governed by Sec.  2200.104(c).
    (c) Placement on public record. All ex parte communications in 
violation of this section shall be placed on the public record of the 
proceeding.


Sec.  2200.106  Amendment to rules.

    The Commission may at any time upon its own motion or initiative, 
or upon written suggestion of any interested person setting forth 
reasonable grounds therefor, amend or revoke any of the rules contained 
in this Part. The Commission invites suggestions from interested 
parties to amend or revoke rules of procedure. Such suggestions should 
be sent by email to [email protected] or addressed to the 
Executive Secretary of the Commission at One Lafayette Centre, 1120 
20th Street NW, Suite 980, Washington, DC 20036-3457.


Sec.  2200.107  Special circumstances; waiver of rules.

    In special circumstances not contemplated by the provisions of 
these rules and for good cause shown, the Commission or the Judge may, 
upon application by any party or intervenor or on their own motion, 
after 3 working days' notice to all parties and intervenors, waive any 
rule or make such orders as justice or the administration of the Act 
requires.


Sec.  2200.108  Official Seal of the Occupational Safety and Health 
Review Commission.

    The seal of the Commission shall consist of: A gold eagle 
outspread, head facing dexter, a shield with 13 vertical stripes 
superimposed on its breast, holding an olive branch in its claws, the 
whole superimposed over a plain solid white Greek cross with a green 
background, encircled by a white band edged in black and inscribed 
``Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission'' in black letters.

Subpart H--Settlement Part


Sec.  2200.120  Settlement procedure.

    (a) Voluntary settlement--(1) Applicability and duration. (i) 
Voluntary settlement applies only to notices of contests by employers 
and to applications for fees under the Equal Access to Justice Act and 
29 CFR part 2204.
    (ii) Upon motion of any party conforming to Sec.  2200.40 after the 
docketing of the notice of contest, or with the consent of the parties 
at any time in the proceedings, the Chief Administrative Law Judge may 
assign a case to a Settlement Judge for proceedings under this section. 
In the event either the Secretary or the employer objects to the use of 
a Settlement Judge procedure, such procedure shall not be imposed.
    (2) Length of voluntary settlement procedures. Voluntary settlement 
procedures shall be for a period not to exceed 75 days, unless extended 
with the concurrence of the Chief Administrative Law Judge.
    (b) Mandatory settlement--(1) Applicability. Mandatory settlement 
applies only to notices of contest by employers in which the aggregate 
amount of the penalties sought by the Secretary is $185,000 or greater. 
Periodically, the aggregate amount of penalties for case referral to 
Mandatory Settlement Proceedings may be adjusted proportionately upon 
consideration of the penalty increases required by the Inflation 
Adjustment Act of 2015. The adjusted aggregate penalty amount for case 
referral to Mandatory Settlement will be posted on the Commission's 
website (www.oshrc.gov).
    (2) Assignment of case and appointment of Settlement Judge. 
Notwithstanding any other provisions of these rules, upon the docketing 
of the notice of contest, the Chief Administrative Law Judge shall 
assign to the Settlement Part any case which satisfies the criteria set 
forth in paragraph (b)(1) of this section. The Chief Administrative Law 
Judge shall appoint a Settlement Judge, who shall be a Judge other than 
the one assigned to hear and decide the case, except as provided in 
paragraph (f)(2) of this section.
    (3) Mandatory settlement proceedings. (i) The Settlement Judge may 
consult all attorneys, non-attorney representatives, and self-
represented parties by any suitable means to schedule the Settlement 
Conference and to facilitate preparation for the conference.
    (ii) The Settlement Judge may issue a preconference scheduling 
order addressing procedural matters, including but not limited to, 
formal pleadings, settlement status conference calls, ex parte caucus 
calls, and allowing, limiting, or suspending discovery during the 
settlement proceedings.
    (iii) The Settlement Conference shall be conducted as soon as 
practicable, taking into consideration the case size, the complexity of 
the issues, and the time needed to complete preconference preparation.
    (iv) Mandatory settlement procedures under this section shall be 
for a period not to exceed 120 days, unless extended with the 
concurrence of the Chief Administrative Law Judge.

[[Page 14577]]

    (v) If at the conclusion of the settlement proceedings the case has 
not been settled, the Settlement Judge shall promptly inform the Chief 
Administrative Law Judge in accordance with Sec.  2200.120(f)(2).
    (c) Powers and duties of Settlement Judges. (1) The Settlement 
Judge shall confer with the parties regarding the whole or partial 
settlement of the case and seek resolution of as many issues as is 
feasible.
    (2) The Settlement Judge may require the parties to provide 
statements of the issues in controversy and the factual predicate for 
each party's position on each issue and may enter other orders as 
appropriate to facilitate the proceedings.
    (3) The Settlement Judge may allow or suspend discovery during the 
settlement proceedings.
    (4) The Settlement Judge has the discretion to engage in ex parte 
communications throughout the course of settlement proceedings. The 
Settlement Judge may suggest privately to each attorney or other 
representative of a party what concessions the client should consider 
and assess privately with each attorney or other representative the 
reasonableness of the party's case or settlement position.
    (5) The Settlement Judge may, with the consent of the parties, 
conduct such other settlement proceedings as may aid in the settlement 
of the case.
    (d) Settlement conference--(1) General. The Settlement Judge shall 
convene and preside over conferences between the parties. Settlement 
conferences may be conducted telephonically or in person. The 
Settlement Judge shall designate a conference place and time.
    (2) Participation in conference. The Settlement Judge may require 
that any attorney or other representative who is expected to try the 
case for each party be present. The Settlement Judge may also require 
that the party's representative be accompanied by an official of the 
party having full settlement authority on behalf of the party. The 
parties and their representatives or attorneys are expected to be 
completely candid with the Settlement Judge so that the Settlement 
Judge may properly guide settlement discussions. The failure to be 
present at a settlement conference or otherwise to comply with the 
orders of the Settlement Judge or the refusal to cooperate fully within 
the spirit of this rule may result in default or the imposition of 
sanctions under Sec.  2200.101.
    (3) Confidentiality of settlement proceedings. (i) All statements 
made and all information presented during the course of settlement 
proceedings under this section shall be regarded as confidential and 
shall not be divulged outside of these proceedings except with the 
consent of the parties. The Settlement Judge shall issue appropriate 
orders to protect the confidentiality of settlement proceedings.
    (ii) The Settlement Judge shall not divulge any statements or 
information presented during private negotiations with a party or the 
party's representative during settlement proceedings except with the 
consent of that party.
    (iii) The following shall not be admissible in any subsequent 
hearing, except by stipulation of the parties:
    (A) Evidence of statements or conduct in settlement proceedings 
under this section within the scope of Federal Rule of Evidence 408,
    (B) Notes or other material prepared by or maintained by the 
Settlement Judge in connection with settlement proceedings, and
    (C) Communications between the Settlement Judge and the Chief 
Administrative Law Judge in connection with settlement proceedings 
including the report of the Settlement Judge under paragraph (f) of 
this section.
    (iv) Documents and factual information disclosed in the settlement 
proceeding may not be used in litigation unless obtained through 
appropriate discovery or subpoena.
    (v) With respect to the Settlement Judge's participation in 
settlement proceedings, the Settlement Judge shall not discuss the 
merits of the case with any other person, nor appear as a witness in 
any hearing of the case.
    (vi) The requirements of paragraph (d)(3) of this section apply 
unless disclosure is required by any applicable law or public policy.
    (e) Record of settlement proceedings. No material of any form 
required to be held confidential under paragraph (d)(3) of this section 
shall be considered part of the official case record required to be 
maintained under 29 U.S.C. 661(g), nor shall any such material be open 
to public inspection as required by section 661(g), unless the parties 
otherwise stipulate. With the exception of an order approving the terms 
of any partial settlement agreed to between the parties as set forth in 
paragraph (f)(1) of this section, the Settlement Judge shall not file 
or cause to be filed in the official case record any material in the 
Settlement Judge's possession relating to these settlement proceedings, 
including but not limited to communications with the Chief 
Administrative Law Judge and the Settlement Judge's report under 
paragraph (f) of this section, unless the parties otherwise stipulate.
    (f) Report of Settlement Judge. (1) The Settlement Judge shall 
promptly notify the Chief Administrative Law Judge in writing of the 
status of the case at the conclusion of the settlement period or such 
time that the Settlement Judge determines further negotiations would be 
fruitless. If the Settlement Judge has made such a determination and a 
settlement agreement is not achieved within 75 days of the case being 
assigned to voluntary settlement proceedings or within 120 days of 
being assigned for mandatory settlement proceedings, the Settlement 
Judge shall then advise the Chief Administrative Law Judge in writing. 
The Chief Administrative Law Judge may then in the Chief Administrative 
Law Judge's discretion allow an additional period of time, for further 
proceedings under this section. If at the expiration of the period 
allotted under this paragraph the Settlement Judge has not approved a 
full settlement, the Settlement Judge shall furnish to the Chief 
Administrative Law Judge copies of any written stipulations and orders 
embodying the terms of any partial settlement the parties have reached.
    (2) At the termination of the settlement period without a full 
settlement, the Chief Administrative Law Judge shall promptly assign 
the case to an Administrative Law Judge other than the Settlement Judge 
or Chief Administrative Law Judge for appropriate action on the 
remaining issues. If all the parties, the Settlement Judge, and the 
Chief Administrative Law Judge agree, the Settlement Judge may be 
retained as the Hearing Judge.
    (g) Non-reviewability. Notwithstanding the provisions of Sec.  
2200.73 regarding interlocutory review, any decision concerning the 
assignment of any Judge and any decision by the Settlement Judge to 
terminate settlement proceedings under this section is not subject to 
review, appeal, or rehearing.

Subpart I-L [Reserved]

Subpart M--Simplified Proceedings


Sec.  2200.200  Purpose.

    (a) The purpose of the Simplified Proceedings subpart is to provide 
simplified procedures for resolving contests under the Occupational 
Safety and Health Act of 1970, so that parties before the Commission 
may reduce the time and expense of litigation while being assured due 
process and a hearing that meets the requirements of the Administrative 
Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C.

[[Page 14578]]

554. These procedural rules will be applied to accomplish this purpose.
    (b) Procedures under this subpart are simplified in a number of 
ways. The major differences between these procedures and those provided 
in subparts A through G of the Commission's rules of procedure are as 
follows.
    (1) Complaints and answers are not required.
    (2) Pleadings generally are not required. Early discussions among 
the parties and the Judge are required to narrow and define the 
disputes between the parties.
    (3) The Secretary is required to provide the employer with certain 
informational documents early in the proceeding.
    (4) Discovery is not permitted except as ordered by the Judge.
    (5) Interlocutory appeals are not permitted.
    (6) Hearings are less formal. The admission of evidence is not 
controlled by the Federal Rules of Evidence except as provided for in 
Sec.  2200.209(c). The Judge may allow the parties to argue their case 
orally at the conclusion of the hearing, and may allow or require post-
hearing briefs or statements of position. The judge may render a 
decision from the bench.


Sec.  2200.201  Application.

    The rules in this subpart will govern proceedings before a Judge in 
a case chosen for Simplified Proceedings under Sec.  2200.203.


Sec.  2200.202  Eligibility for Simplified Proceedings.

    (a) Those cases selected for Simplified Proceedings will be those 
that do not involve complex issues of law or fact. Cases appropriate 
for Simplified Proceedings will generally include those with one or 
more of the following characteristics:
    (1) Relatively few citation items,
    (2) An aggregate proposed penalty of not more than $20,000,
    (3) No allegation of willfulness or a repeat violation,
    (4) Not involving a fatality,
    (5) A hearing that is expected to take less than 2 days, or
    (6) A small employer whether appearing pro se or represented by 
counsel.
    (b) Those cases with an aggregate proposed penalty of more than 
$20,000, but not more than $30,000, if otherwise appropriate, may be 
selected for Simplified Proceedings at the discretion of the Chief 
Administrative Law Judge.


Sec.  2200.203  Commencing Simplified Proceedings.

    (a) Selection. Upon receipt of a Notice of Contest, the Chief 
Administrative Law Judge may, at the Chief Administrative Law Judge's 
discretion, assign an appropriate case for Simplified Proceedings.
    (b) Party request. Within 21 days of the notice of docketing, any 
party may request that the case be assigned for Simplified Proceedings. 
The request must be in writing. For example, ``I request Simplified 
Proceedings'' will suffice. The request must be sent to the Executive 
Secretary. Copies must be sent to each of the other parties.
    (c) Judge's ruling on request. The Chief Administrative Law Judge 
or the Judge assigned to the case may grant a party's request and 
assign a case for Simplified Proceedings at the Judge's discretion. 
Such request shall be acted upon within 14 days of its receipt by the 
Judge.
    (d) Time for filing complaint or answer under Sec.  2200.34. If a 
party has requested Simplified Proceedings or the Judge has assigned 
the case for Simplified Proceedings, the times for filing a complaint 
or answer will not run. If a request for Simplified Proceedings is 
denied, the period for filing a complaint or answer will begin to run 
upon issuance of the notice denying Simplified Proceedings.


Sec.  2200.204  Discontinuance of Simplified Proceedings.

    (a) Procedure. If it becomes apparent at any time that a case is 
not appropriate for Simplified Proceedings, the Judge assigned to the 
case may, upon motion by any party or upon the Judge's own motion, 
discontinue Simplified Proceedings and order the case to continue under 
conventional rules. Before discontinuing Simplified Proceedings, the 
Judge will consult with the Chief Administrative Law Judge.
    (b) Party motion. At any time during the proceedings any party may 
request that Simplified Proceedings be discontinued and that the matter 
continue under conventional procedures. A motion to discontinue must 
conform to Sec.  2200.40 and explain why the case is inappropriate for 
Simplified Proceedings. Responses to such motions shall be filed within 
the time specified by Sec.  2200.40. Joint motions to return a case to 
conventional proceedings shall be granted by the Judge and do not 
require a showing of good cause, except that the Judge may deny such a 
motion that is filed less than 30 days before a scheduled hearing date.
    (c) Ruling. If Simplified Proceedings are discontinued, the Judge 
may issue such orders as are necessary for an orderly continuation 
under conventional rules.


Sec.  2200.205  Filing of pleadings.

    (a) Complaint and answer. Once a case is designated for Simplified 
Proceedings, the complaint and answer requirements are suspended. If 
the Secretary has filed a complaint under Sec.  2200.34(a), a response 
to a petition under Sec.  2200.37(d)(5), or a response to an employee 
contest under Sec.  2200.38(a), and if Simplified Proceedings has been 
ordered, no response to these documents will be required.
    (b) Motions. Limited, if any, motion practice is contemplated in 
Simplified Proceedings, but all motion practice shall conform with 
Sec.  2200.40.


Sec.  2200.206  Disclosure of information.

    (a) Disclosure to employer. (1) Within 21 days after a case is 
designated for Simplified Proceedings, the Secretary shall provide the 
employer, free of charge, copies of the narrative (Form OSHA 1-A) and 
the worksheet (Form OSHA 1-B) or their equivalents.
    (2) Within 30 days after a case is designated for Simplified 
Proceedings, the Secretary shall provide the employer with 
reproductions of any photographs or videotapes that the Secretary 
anticipates using at the hearing.
    (3) Within 30 days after a case is designated for Simplified 
Proceedings, the Secretary shall provide to the employer any 
exculpatory evidence in the Secretary's possession.
    (4) The Judge shall act expeditiously on any claim by the employer 
that the Secretary improperly withheld or redacted any portion of the 
documents, photographs, or videotapes on the grounds of confidentiality 
or privilege.
    (b) Disclosure to the Secretary. When the employer raises an 
affirmative defense pursuant to Sec.  2200.207(b), the Judge shall 
order the employer to disclose to the Secretary such documents relevant 
to the affirmative defense as the Judge deems appropriate.


Sec.  2200.207  Pre-hearing conference.

    (a) When held. As early as practicable after the employer has 
received the documents set forth in Sec.  2200.206(a)(1), the Judge may 
conduct a pre-hearing conference, which the Judge may hold in person or 
by telephone or electronic means.
    (b) Content. At the pre-hearing conference, the parties may discuss 
the following: Settlement of the case; the narrowing of issues; an 
agreed statement of issues and facts; all defenses;

[[Page 14579]]

witnesses and exhibits; motions; and any other pertinent matter. Except 
under extraordinary circumstances, any affirmative defenses not raised 
at the pre-hearing conference may not be raised later. At the 
conclusion of the conference, the Judge will issue an order that may 
set forth any agreements reached by the parties and that may specify 
the issues to be addressed by the parties at the hearing.


Sec.  2200.208  Discovery.

    Discovery, including requests for admissions, will only be allowed 
under the conditions and time limits set by the Judge.


Sec.  2200.209  Hearing.

    (a) Procedures. As soon as practicable after the conclusion of the 
pre-hearing conference, the Judge will hold a hearing on any issue that 
remains in dispute. The hearing will be in accordance with subpart E of 
these rules, except for Sec.  2200.73 which will not apply.
    (b) Agreements. At the beginning of the hearing, the Judge will 
enter into the record all agreements reached by the parties as well as 
defenses raised during the pre-hearing conference. The parties and the 
Judge then will attempt to resolve or narrow the remaining issues. The 
Judge will enter into the record any further agreements reached by the 
parties.
    (c) Evidence. Except as to matters that are protected by 
evidentiary privilege, the admission of evidence is not controlled by 
the Federal Rules of Evidence, but the Judge may accept a written 
stipulation of the parties that the Federal Rules of Evidence shall 
apply in whole or, as specified, in part. The Judge will receive oral, 
physical, or documentary evidence that is not irrelevant, unduly 
repetitious, or unreliable. Testimony will be given under oath or 
affirmation.
    (d) Reporter. A reporter will be present at the hearing. An 
official verbatim transcript of the hearing will be prepared and filed 
with the Judge. Parties may purchase copies of the transcript from the 
reporter.
    (e) Oral and written argument. Each party may present an oral 
argument at the close of the hearing. The Judge may allow or require 
post-hearing briefs or statements of position upon the request of 
either party or on the Judge's own motion. The form of any post-hearing 
briefs shall conform to Sec.  2200.74 unless the Judge specifies 
otherwise.
    (f) Judge's decision--(1) Bench decision. The Judge may render a 
decision from the bench. In rendering a decision from the bench, the 
Judge shall state the issues in the case and make clear both the 
Judge's findings of fact and conclusions of law on the record. The 
Judge shall reduce the bench decision in the matter to writing and 
serve it on the parties as soon as practicable, but no later than 45 
days after the hearing. If additional time is needed, approval of the 
Chief Administrative Law Judge is required. The decision shall be 
prepared in accordance with Sec.  2200.90(a). The written decision 
shall include, as an appendix, the bench decision as set forth in the 
transcript.
    (2) Written decision. If the Judge does not render a decision from 
the bench, the Judge will issue a written decision within 60 days of 
the close of the record. The record will ordinarily be deemed closed 
upon the latter of the filing of the hearing transcript, or the 
completion of any permitted post-hearing briefing. The decision will be 
in accordance with Sec.  2200.90(a). If additional time is needed, 
approval of the Chief Administrative Law Judge is required.
    (g) Filing of Judge's decision with the Executive Secretary. When 
the Judge issues a written decision, service, filing, and docketing of 
the Judge's written decision shall be in accordance with Sec.  2200.90.


Sec.  2200.210  Review of Judge's decision.

    Any party may petition for Commission review of the Judge's 
decision as provided in Sec.  2200.91. After the issuance of the 
Judge's written decision, the parties may pursue the case following the 
rules in Subpart F of this part.


Sec.  2200.211  Applicability of subparts A through G.

    The provisions of subpart D (Sec. Sec.  2200.50-2200.56) and 
Sec. Sec.  2200.34, 2200.37(d), 2200.38, 2200.71, and 2200.73 will not 
apply to Simplified Proceedings. All other rules contained in subparts 
A through G of the Commission's rules of procedure will apply when 
consistent with the rules in this subpart governing Simplified 
Proceedings.
[FR Doc. 2019-06581 Filed 4-9-19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7600-01-P