[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 201 (Wednesday, October 17, 2018)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 52726-52749]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2018-22393]



[[Page 52725]]

Vol. 83

Wednesday,

No. 201

October 17, 2018

Part IV





 Department of the Treasury





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 Internal Revenue Service





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26 CFR Parts 1 and 301





De Minimis Error Safe Harbor Exceptions to Penalties for Failure To 
File Correct Information Returns or Furnish Correct Payee Statements; 
Proposed Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 83 , No. 201 / Wednesday, October 17, 2018 / 
Proposed Rules  

[[Page 52726]]


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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

Internal Revenue Service

26 CFR Parts 1 and 301

[REG-118826-16]
RIN 1545-BN59


De Minimis Error Safe Harbor Exceptions to Penalties for Failure 
To File Correct Information Returns or Furnish Correct Payee Statements

AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: This document contains proposed regulations relating to 
penalties for failure to file correct information returns or furnish 
correct payee statements. The proposed regulations contain safe harbor 
rules that, for penalty purposes, generally treat as correct payee 
statements or corresponding information returns that contain errors 
relating to de minimis incorrect dollar amounts. They prescribe the 
time and manner in which a payee may elect not to have the safe harbor 
rules apply. They also update penalty amounts and update references to 
information reporting obligations. Finally, they provide rules relating 
to the reporting of basis of securities by brokers as this reporting 
relates to the de minimis error safe harbor rules. The proposed 
regulations affect persons required to either file information returns 
or to furnish payee statements (filers), and recipients of payee 
statements (payees).

DATES: Written or electronic comments and requests for a public hearing 
must be received by December 17, 2018.

ADDRESSES: Send submissions to: CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG-118826-16), Room 
5203, Internal Revenue Service, P.O. Box 7604, Ben Franklin Station, 
Washington, DC 20044. Submissions may be hand-delivered between the 
hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. to CC:PA:LPD:PR (REG-118826-16), Courier's 
Desk, Internal Revenue Service, 1111 Constitution Avenue NW, 
Washington, DC, or sent via the Federal eRulemaking Portal at 
www.regulations.gov (REG-118826-16).

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Concerning the proposed regulations 
Mark A. Bond of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Procedure and 
Administration), (202) 317-6844; concerning the submission of comments 
and a request for a public hearing, Regina L. Johnson, (202) 317-6901 
(not toll-free numbers).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Paperwork Reduction Act

    The collection of information contained in this notice of proposed 
rulemaking has been submitted to the Office of Management and Budget 
for review in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 
U.S.C. 3507(d)). Comments on the collection of information should be 
sent to the Office of Management and Budget, Attn: Desk Officer for the 
Department of the Treasury, Office of Information and Regulatory 
Affairs, Washington, DC 20503, with copies to the Internal Revenue 
Service, Attn: IRS Reports Clearance Officer, SE:CAR:MP:T:T:SP, 
Washington, DC 20224. Comments on the collection of information should 
be received by December 17, 2018. Comments are specifically requested 
concerning:
    Whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the 
proper performance of the Internal Revenue Service, including whether 
the information will have practical utility;
    The accuracy of the estimated burden associated with the proposed 
collection of information (see below);
    How the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be 
collected may be enhanced;
    How the burden of complying with the proposed collection of 
information may be minimized, including through the application of 
automated collection techniques or other forms of information 
technology; and
    Estimates of capital or start-up costs and costs of operation, 
maintenance, and purchase of service to provide information.
    The collection of information in these proposed regulations is in 
proposed regulations Sec. Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii) regarding the 
payee election, 301.6722-1(d)(3)(v)(B) regarding the filer 
notification, 301.6722-1(d)(3)(vii) regarding the payee revocation, and 
301.6722-1(d)(4) regarding record retention. The information in 
proposed regulations Sec. Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii) and 301.6722-
1(d)(3)(vii) will be used by payees to make and revoke elections and by 
filers to determine whether they are required to furnish corrected 
payee statements to payees and file corrected information returns with 
the IRS to avoid application of penalties under sections 6721 and 6722. 
The information under proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v)(B) 
will be used to give filers and payees flexibility in establishing 
reasonable alternative manners for elections. And the information in 
proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(4) will be used by the IRS to 
determine whether filers are subject to penalties under sections 6721 
and 6722. The collection of information in proposed regulations 
Sec. Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii) regarding the payee election, 
301.6722-1(d)(3)(v)(B) regarding the filer notification, and 301.6722-
1(d)(3)(vii) regarding the payee revocation is voluntary to obtain a 
benefit. The collection of information in proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(4) regarding record retention is mandatory. The likely 
respondents are individuals, state or local governments, farms, 
business or other for-profit institutions, nonprofit institutions, and 
small businesses or organizations.
    Estimated total annual reporting burden: 992,102 hours.
    Estimated average annual burden hours per respondent: approximately 
0.10 hours.
    Estimated number of respondents: 10,057,746.
    Estimated annual frequency of responses: 16,123,292.
    An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required 
to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a valid 
control number assigned by the Office of Management and Budget.
    Books or records relating to a collection of information must be 
retained as long as their contents may become material in the 
administration of any internal revenue law. Generally, tax returns and 
tax return information are confidential, as required by 26 U.S.C. 6103.

Background

    This document contains proposed amendments to the Income Tax 
Regulations (26 CFR part 1) under section 6045(g) of the Internal 
Revenue Code (Code) relating to returns of brokers in the case of 
securities transactions, as well as proposed amendments to the 
Procedure and Administration Regulations (26 CFR part 301) under 
section 6721(c)(3) relating to the safe harbor exception for certain de 
minimis errors from the penalty for failure to file correct information 
returns, section 6722(c)(3) relating to the safe harbor exception for 
certain de minimis errors from the penalty for failure to furnish 
correct payee statements, and section 6724 relating to the reasonable 
cause waiver to the section 6721 and section 6722 penalties. It also 
contains proposed amendments to the regulations under sections 6721, 
6722, and 6724 to update penalty amounts and references to specific 
information reporting obligations.
    Section 6045 provides for information reporting by persons doing 
business as

[[Page 52727]]

brokers. Section 6045(g) provides for specific rules in the case of 
reporting of securities transactions, including for the reporting of 
basis amounts.
    Section 6721 imposes a penalty when a person fails to file an 
information return on or before the prescribed date, fails to include 
all of the information required to be shown on the information return, 
or includes incorrect information on the information return. Section 
6722 imposes a penalty when a person fails to furnish a payee statement 
on or before the prescribed date, fails to include all of the 
information required to be shown on the payee statement, or includes 
incorrect information on the payee statement. Section 6724 provides 
definitions, special rules, and a reasonable cause waiver from 
penalties for a failure relating to an information reporting 
requirement.

PATH Act Amendments

    Section 202(a) of the Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes Act of 
2015, Public Law 114-113 (129 Stat. 2242, 3077 (2015)) (PATH Act), 
added section 6721(c)(3), effective for information returns required to 
be filed after December 31, 2016. Section 202(b) of the PATH Act added 
section 6722(c)(3), effective for payee statements required to be 
furnished after December 31, 2016. Section 202(c) of the PATH Act added 
section 6045(g)(2)(B)(iii), effective for information returns required 
to be filed, and payee statements required to be furnished, after 
December 31, 2016.
    Sections 6721(c)(3)(A) and 6722(c)(3)(A) provide that an 
information return or payee statement that includes one or more de 
minimis errors in a dollar amount appearing on the information return 
or payee statement shall be treated as correct for penalty purposes. An 
error in a dollar amount is de minimis if the difference between any 
single amount in error and the correct amount does not exceed $100 and, 
if the difference is with respect to an amount of tax withheld, the 
difference is not more than $25.
    Under section 6722(c)(3)(B), the safe harbor exception does not 
apply to any payee statement when the person to whom the payee 
statement is required to be furnished (that is, the payee) makes an 
election, at the time and in the manner as the Secretary may prescribe, 
that the safe harbor exception not apply with respect to such 
statement. Under section 6721(c)(3)(B), an election by the payee with 
respect to a payee statement operates to make the safe harbor exception 
for de minimis errors inapplicable to errors on the corresponding 
information return.
    Sections 6721(c)(3)(C) and 6722(c)(3)(C) provide that the Secretary 
may issue regulations to prevent the abuse of the safe harbor 
exceptions, including regulations providing that the safe harbor 
exceptions shall not apply to the extent necessary to prevent abuse.
    Section 6045(g)(2)(B)(iii) provides that except as otherwise 
provided by the Secretary, a customer's adjusted basis for purposes of 
section 6045 shall be determined by treating any incorrect dollar 
amount which is not required to be corrected by reason of section 
6721(c)(3) or section 6722(c)(3) as the correct amount.

Other Statutory Amendments

    Section 1211(b)(2) of the Pension Protection Act of 2006, Public 
Law 109-280 (120 Stat. 780, 1073 (2006)), added section 6721(e)(2)(D), 
providing for calculation of the section 6721 penalty for failures due 
to intentional disregard in the case of a return required to be filed 
under section 6050V, effective for acquisitions of contracts after 
August 17, 2006.
    Section 2102 of the Creating Small Business Jobs Act of 2010, 
Public Law 111-240 (124 Stat. 2504, 2561-64 (2010)), increased penalty 
amounts throughout sections 6721 and 6722 for information returns 
required to be filed and payee statements required to be furnished on 
or after January 1, 2011.
    Section 208 of the Tax Increase Prevention Act of 2014, Public Law 
113-295 (128 Stat. 4010, 4074 (2014)), amended sections 6721(f)(1) and 
6722(f)(1) effective for information returns required to be filed and 
payee statements required to be furnished after December 31, 2014. The 
amended paragraphs provide for annual inflationary adjustments to the 
section 6721 and section 6722 penalties.
    Section 806 of the Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015, Public 
Law 114-27 (129 Stat. 362, 416-18 (2015)), increased the penalty 
amounts throughout sections 6721 and 6722, effective for returns 
required to be filed and statements required to be furnished after 
December 31, 2015.
    Section 6724 and the regulations thereunder define the terms 
``information return'' and ``payee statement'' and provide that the 
penalties under sections 6721 and 6722 will not be imposed with respect 
to any failure if it is shown that the failure was due to reasonable 
cause and not to willful neglect.
    Section 2004 of the Surface Transportation and Veterans Health Care 
Choice Improvement Act of 2015, Public Law 114-41 (129 Stat. 443, 454-
55 (2015)), amended section 6724(d)(1) and 6724(d)(2) to add 
information reporting under section 6035, relating to basis information 
with respect to property acquired from decedents, to the definitions of 
information return and payee statement, respectively.
    Section 13520(c) of An Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant 
to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for 
fiscal year 2018, Public Law 115-97 (131 Stat. 2054, 2150 (2017)) (Pub. 
L. 115-97), amended section 6724(d)(1) and 6724(d)(2) to add 
information reporting under section 6050Y, regarding returns relating 
to certain life insurance contract transactions, to the definitions of 
information return and payee statement, respectively.
    Section 206(o) of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2018, 
Public Law 115-141 (132 Stat. 348, 1182 (2018)), amended section 
6724(d)(2) to add information reporting under section 6226(a)(2) 
(regarding statements relating to alternative to payment of imputed 
underpayment by a partnership) or under any other provision of Title 26 
which provides for the application of rules similar to section 
6226(a)(2), to the definition of payee statement.

Notice 2017-09, 2017-4 I.R.B. 542, and Comments in Response to the 
Notice

    On January 4, 2017, the Treasury Department and the IRS released 
Notice 2017-09, 2017-4 I.R.B. 542, ``De Minimis Error Safe Harbor to 
the I.R.C. Sec. Sec.  6721 and 6722 Penalties,'' to provide guidance 
regarding the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions from information 
reporting penalties under sections 6721 and 6722. The notice provided 
requirements for the payee election under section 6722(c)(3)(B), 
including the time and manner for making the election. The notice 
clarified that the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions do not apply 
in the case of an intentional error or if a filer fails to file an 
information return or furnish a payee statement. The notice required 
filers to retain certain records. The notice announced the intention of 
the Treasury Department and the IRS to issue regulations with respect 
to the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions and the payee election 
to have the safe harbor exceptions not apply, and stated that to the 
extent the regulations incorporate the rules contained in the notice, 
the regulations will be effective for returns required to be filed, and 
payee statements required to be furnished, after December 31, 2016. The 
notice solicited comments regarding the rules contained in the notice 
and regarding any potential abuse of the de minimis error safe harbor 
exceptions. In

[[Page 52728]]

response to the notice, the Treasury Department and IRS received 11 
comments. The Treasury Department and IRS have considered all of the 
comments and addressed them in this preamble.
    One comment in response to the notice focused on the administrative 
burden of the election process provided for by Notice 2017-09 and 
requested that the IRS consider this burden. The comment stated that 
the framework in Notice 2017-09 misses Congressional intent to reduce 
the burden of increased penalties as a result of the Trade Preferences 
Extension Act of 2015 and the costs of correcting information returns 
for de minimis amounts. Additionally, the comment stated that it could 
not envision a single reason an individual, financial institution, or 
the IRS would want a corrected information return issued for a de 
minimis amount. Congress determined that there was a need for the payee 
election; therefore, the Treasury Department and the IRS do not propose 
to deny payees the ability to elect to have a corrected information 
return filed and payee statement furnished when an error is de minimis, 
in particular, prior to the issuance of regulations providing the time 
and manner for how such an election is to be made. The Treasury 
Department and the IRS have determined that potential administrative 
burden on filers is one, but not the only, factor that must be 
considered in implementing these provisions.
    The comment requested that the concept of de minimis and the minor 
dollar amounts subject to the payee election be weighed against the 
cost and complexity of instituting and monitoring the payee election 
process described in Notice 2017-09. It stated that a way to ensure 
reasonability is to integrate the payee election process into existing 
procedures, systems, and data structures. The Treasury Department and 
the IRS acknowledge the potential administrative burden on filers 
inherent to any new rules; however, the Treasury Department and the IRS 
note that filers are free to integrate the payee election process 
allowed by the proposed regulations within existing procedures, 
systems, and data structures. Further, the Treasury Department and the 
IRS have determined that potential administrative burden on filers is 
one, but not the only, factor that must be considered in implementing 
these provisions and that the need to provide an effective framework 
for payees to make the payee election is an additional factor that must 
be considered.
    The comment further stated that the best framework to satisfy 
Congressional intent would be one in which a filer could alert a payee 
at account opening, or on a one-time basis for currently opened 
accounts, to the fact that the filer will not issue a corrected 
statement for any errors that fall within the de minimis error limits 
of $100 and $25. Under the comment's proposal, the notice would specify 
that the payee could elect to receive corrected payee statements by 
making an election in a manner prescribed by the filer. The Treasury 
Department and the IRS note that proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(v) incorporates rules similar to this proposal by providing the 
option for filers to give notification to every payee to whom the filer 
furnishes a payee statement of the payee's ability to elect that the 
safe harbor exception for de minimis errors not apply and by providing 
the payee reasonable alternative options to make the election, such as 
by telephone or through a website. Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(v)(D)(2) provides that in cases where valid notification has 
been provided with respect to a particular account, no further 
notification is required unless the filer wishes to change the 
reasonable alternative manner. This rule balances the need for payees 
to have up-to-date information of any reasonable alternative manners 
proposed by each filer furnishing statements to the payee with the 
administrative costs to filers who opt to provide notifications.
    The comment stated that the payee election should be on an annual 
basis, applied only to transactions reportable in the year the election 
is made. Because this suggestion would place considerable burden on 
payees to make annual elections, either as a precautionary measure or 
after monitoring payee statements for accuracy, proposed regulation 
Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(ii) adopts a different rule, providing that the 
election shall remain in effect until revoked. This rule allows payees 
to elect to receive corrections whenever they may become necessary, 
regardless of whether it is the payee or the filer who becomes aware of 
the de minimis error. In general, the filer will be best positioned to 
first become aware of any de minimis error. An election with indefinite 
effect obviates the need for payees to make annual cautionary 
elections, in case there is an error of which they are not aware.
    The comment also stated that an election without the specific 
account number associated with it should not be valid and that the 
election should not include the payee's taxpayer identification number 
(TIN) and address information. The comment raised the issue of 
fraudulent activity through identity theft, but the comment did not 
provide details regarding how providing TIN and address information in 
a payee election raises identify theft concerns. The Treasury 
Department and the IRS recognize that in some instances the provision 
of an account number will be expedient for filers, but also recognize 
that payees, particularly those who have had accounts for extended 
periods, may not have ready access to their full account numbers. 
Further, the provision of a payee's TIN and address information ensures 
that filers will have at their disposal information reasonably 
sufficient to identify the payee that is making the payee election. 
Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii) therefore provides that 
as a default rule a filer shall treat an election as valid regardless 
of whether the payee provides an account number, and it requires the 
payee's TIN and address information.
    Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v), however, also 
provides that if the filer provides notification to the payee under 
proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v)(B), the filer may specify 
that an election using a reasonable alternative manner under proposed 
regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v) need not include the payee's TIN 
and address information, and must include the payee's account 
information. These rules would apply only if the payee decides to make 
use of the alternative election manner proposed by the filer under 
proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v) and not the default 
election manner under proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii). 
The proposed rules thus generally provide for flexibility for filers 
who choose to send notifications to payees, while maintaining a simple 
default election option for payees.
    The comment also proposed that an election relating to a specific 
account should apply to all payee statements or to no payee statements 
in that account. It focused on the burden to filers of elections 
applied on a statement-by-statement basis, and the potential that an 
election might apply to payee statements made in composite form. 
Additionally, the comment requested that the IRS provide some of the 
reasons it expects a taxpayer will request corrected returns in the de 
minimis error context on a statement-by-statement basis. The comment's 
suggested rule is inconsistent with the statutory framework of sections 
6721 through 6724, which applies generally on a per statement basis. 
Section 6722(c)(3)(A) prescribes the de minimis

[[Page 52729]]

error safe harbor exception ``with respect to any payee statement.'' 
Additionally, the comment's proposal would significantly limit payees' 
options for making elections. Further, the Treasury Department and the 
IRS note that the Code permits filers to provide corrected statements 
regardless of the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions or payee 
election. Thus, filers may provide corrections on an account-wide basis 
once a payee makes an election with respect to a single type of payee 
statement associated with that account. For example, if a payee submits 
an election to a filer with respect to the Form 1099-DIV, ``Dividends 
and Distributions,'' that the filer is required to furnish to the 
payee, the filer is required under sections 6721(c)(3) and 6722(c)(3) 
and these proposed regulations to issue corrections even for de minimis 
errors. Under the proposed regulations, if the filer is also required 
to furnish a Form 1099-B, ``Proceeds From Broker and Barter Exchange 
Transactions,'' to the payee, and the payee specifically made the 
payee's election with respect to the Form 1099-DIV (and not the Form 
1099-B), the election under proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(i) does not apply with respect to the Form 1099-B, and the 
filer is not required to correct Forms 1099-B for de minimis errors. 
But the filer may decide that it is more administrable for the filer to 
correct for de minimis errors for every payee statement the filer sends 
to the payee, including the Form 1099-B. Thus, the per-statement 
election provides flexibility to filers. In addition, proposed 
regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iv) provides that if a payee does not 
identify the type of payee statement to which the election relates, the 
filer shall treat the election as applying to all types of payee 
statements the filer is required to furnish to the payee. Finally, as 
described above, filers who choose to provide notification and a 
reasonable alternative manner for the election may provide that as a 
condition of using the reasonable alternative manner the payee must 
provide the filer the payee's account number, and the filer may then 
provide corrections on an account-wide basis. For these reasons, 
proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii) does not adopt the 
comment's suggested rule.
    The comment noted that section 202 of the PATH Act does not contain 
explicit language regarding a payee's ability to revoke a prior 
election under section 6722(c)(3)(B). The comment stated that providing 
for a revocation is unnecessary to accomplish Congress's specific 
mandate and may prove to be more costly and burdensome than continuing 
to issue corrections for de minimis errors. The comment further stated 
that, if revocations are permitted, they should be permitted only on an 
annual basis applied to the next year after the year in which the 
revocation was made. The comment's concern is that the language 
regarding revocations in section 3.02 of Notice 2017-09 could lead to a 
revocation being applicable to a portion of a calendar year, with an 
election applicable to a separate portion of that year. The Treasury 
Department and the IRS do not agree that this will cause significant 
burden to filers because a revocation does not mandate changes in 
behavior on behalf of the filer, but rather provides penalty relief for 
the filer if an information return contains a de minimis error and is 
not corrected. As a result, proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(vii) provides that a revocation will apply to payee statements 
that are furnished or are due to be furnished after the revocation is 
received by the filer.
    The Treasury Department and the IRS note that while the revocation 
may cause the election to apply for only the first part of a calendar 
year, nothing prevents filers from continuing to issue corrections for 
the rest of the calendar year (as they had been doing with respect to 
the portion of the year when the election was in effect). Immediate 
effect of the revocation provides immediate penalty relief for filers 
in the case of a de minimis error that is uncorrected and allows filers 
to stop issuing corrections for de minimis errors as soon after receipt 
of the revocation as they wish. In the unlikely scenario of an election 
in a calendar year, followed by a revocation in the same calendar year, 
followed by another election in the same calendar year, the situation 
will not be that of various rules for various periods within the 
calendar year--rather, because the election is effective for the entire 
calendar year and subsequent years until revoked under proposed 
regulations Sec. Sec.  301.6721-1(e)(3) and 301.6722-1(d)(3)(ii), the 
last, valid election would apply to the same period it would absent the 
prior election and prior revocation. Because the Treasury Department 
and the IRS do not view the potential for multiple filings of elections 
and revocations within a year as a significant concern, the proposed 
regulations do not complicate the rules in an effort to further address 
this issue. Regarding the length of the effectiveness of a revocation, 
an indefinite revocation, rather than an annual revocation system, 
should impose less administrative burden both on filers and payees 
given the decreased frequency of filing.
    The comment also stated that brokers should be specifically 
permitted to ignore the use of the de minimis error safe harbor 
exceptions and continue to issue corrections for de minimis amounts. 
The Treasury Department and the IRS agree that brokers, like other 
filers, may do so without specific permission. Because there is no need 
for the regulations to provide brokers with specific permission, this 
comment was not adopted.
    The comment also commented on the final and temporary regulations 
under Sec. Sec.  1.6081-8 and 1.6081-8T contained in TD 9730, stating 
that the automatic extension to file various information returns 
should, as a general matter, remain in place. This portion of the 
comment is beyond the scope of these regulations.
    In addition the comment asked for clarification of a filer's 
reporting obligations under the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions 
where the threshold reporting obligation is not initially met, but upon 
a subsequent corrective event, the reportable dollar amount exceeds the 
threshold amount but does not exceed the de minimis error limit. The de 
minimis error safe harbor exceptions do not apply to this situation, 
because they do not apply to a failure to file; the safe harbor 
exceptions apply only to inadvertent errors on a filed information 
return or furnished payee statement. This rule is reflected in proposed 
regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(1). The comment further asked whether an 
election applies only to payee statements and information returns 
required to be furnished or filed in the year of the election, or 
later, or to any corrections made after the election, regardless of 
when the reporting to which the correction is related is required. 
Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(ii) addresses this question 
by providing that an election under proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(i) applies to payee statements required to be furnished and 
information returns required to be filed during the calendar year of 
the election, or later; if a payee statement is required to be 
furnished or an information return is required to be filed before the 
beginning of the calendar year of the election, the election would not 
apply, regardless of when the filer realizes a reporting error was 
made. The comment asked whether the language in Notice 2017-09 reading 
``within 30 days of the date of the election'' should instead reference 
30 days from discovery of the error for purposes of the error being

[[Page 52730]]

treated as due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect. The 
``within 30 days of the date of the election'' language in the notice 
is now reflected in proposed regulation Sec.  301.6724-1(h). The 
Treasury Department and the IRS determined that the election, rather 
than the discovery of the error, is the appropriate focus because a 
special rule is needed only in those situations where a payee election 
causes the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions to not apply. In 
cases where a payee has made an election under proposed regulation 
Sec.  301.6722(d)(3)(i) and a filer subsequently discovers an error, 
whether the error is de minimis or not, the normal reasonable cause 
rules under section 6724, such as in Sec.  301.6724-1(d)(1) relating to 
responsible manner, apply. Examples 8 and 9 in proposed regulation 
Sec.  301.6724-1(k) illustrate these rules.
    The comment also requested clarification regarding the following 
language in section 3.02 of Notice 2017-09:

    Nothing in this notice prevents a payee from requesting that the 
filer file a corrected information return or furnish a corrected 
payee statement required to be filed or furnished in a calendar year 
preceding the calendar year in which the payee makes the election.

    The comment asked whether the ``or'' in the phrase ``filed or 
furnished'' should be ``and'' because, regardless of the payee's 
request, the filer would both furnish the corrected payee statement and 
file the corrected information return. The comment also asked whether 
this language places any obligation upon the filer to oblige the 
payee's request pursuant to this language. The Treasury Department and 
the IRS note that the proposed regulations do not include the quoted 
language, so the comment's inquiries regarding it are not applicable.
    Six additional comments concurred with the comments and questions 
made by the one comment that has been described thus far in this 
preamble. One of these six additional comments also emphasized the 
administrative burden needed for financial firms to implement the rules 
described in Notice 2017-09, and the impact especially on smaller or 
midsized firms. The comment stated that the increased cost has no 
tangible benefit or demonstrated revenue-raising impact. The Treasury 
Department and the IRS note that the statute provides payees with the 
ability to elect that the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions not 
apply. The regulations strike a balance between the benefit of the de 
minimis error safe harbor exceptions for filers and the statutory 
ability for payees to elect that the de minimis error safe harbor 
exceptions not apply. The statutory ability for payees to make an 
election that the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions not apply, 
rather than any revenue-raising metric, is the benefit to be weighed 
against administrative burdens to filers.
    The comment also stated that the framework set forth in Notice 
2017-09 runs contrary to the intent of the notice, existing 
regulations, and the Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015, but the 
comment does not provide details as to how this is the case and we 
cannot therefore address this portion of the comment.
    An additional comment quoted the following language from Notice 
2017-09, section 3.01: ``This notice does not prohibit a filer from 
filing corrected information returns and furnishing corrected payee 
statements if the payee does not make an election.'' The comment stated 
that the mitigation of administrative burden of processing corrections 
under the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions is realized not only 
by filers but by payees as well, and recommended that guidance 
discourage corrected statements for de minimis errors. The Treasury 
Department and the IRS do not agree; accurate reporting is an important 
goal that should not be discouraged. Thus, the proposed regulations do 
not adopt the comment's suggestion.
    The comment also stated that requiring a filer to provide each 
payee with written notification of the de minimis error safe harbor 
exception rules and election out provisions would be unduly burdensome 
to filers, shifting administrative burden from processing corrected 
statements to the notification process. The comment recommended that 
the IRS include a general disclosure regarding the de minimis error 
safe harbor exceptions in general instructions relating to information 
returns. The Treasury Department and the IRS decided to not include a 
notification requirement in the proposed regulations. Rather, the 
proposed regulations provide only that if filers wish to set up 
election systems that vary from the default contained in proposed 
regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii), a notification is required for 
that reasonable alternative manner of election under proposed 
regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v). For this reason, the proposed 
regulations do not reflect this comment. The Treasury Department and 
the IRS are considering whether to include references to the de minimis 
error safe harbor exceptions, the election under Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(i), and other information in general instructions or in 
specific forms or instructions, and note that the current (2018) 
General Instructions for Certain Information Returns as well as the 
current (2018) General Instructions for Forms W-2 and W-3 contain 
discussions of the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions and related 
information.
    The comment also requested clarification regarding whether the de 
minimis error safe harbor exception is for the cumulative total of 
multiple errors, or one particular error. The comment noted that the 
safe harbor exception would be easier to apply if it is calculated on 
an error-by-error basis. Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(2) 
clarifies that the safe harbor exception is calculated on an error-by-
error basis.
    The comment further stated that if an error is discovered by the 
filer, the payee should not be able to elect that the de minimis error 
safe harbor exceptions not apply and that the filer should make the 
determination of whether a corrected form is needed, in light of the 
threshold amounts of $100 and $25. The comment stated that the election 
process does not lead to a reduction in the administrative burden. 
Because this suggestion is contrary to section 6722(c)(3)(B), which 
specifically provides for the payee to make the election under section 
6722(c)(3)(B), the proposed regulations do not adopt the suggestion.
    The comment also stated, regarding any notification requirement, 
that errors may be identified by the payee and communicated to the 
filer and then at that point, if the dollar amount is below the 
applicable threshold, the filer should inform the payee of the de 
minimis error safe harbor exceptions and the payee's ability to elect 
that the safe harbor exceptions not apply. As noted above, the proposed 
regulations do not contain a notification requirement.
    The comment stated that additional consideration should be given to 
allow the payee election to expire, noting that such a rule could 
reduce administrative burden for filers, given a resulting decrease in 
required corrections. Because a rule under which the payee election 
expires after a set amount of time would increase the complexity of the 
election and revocation framework both for filers (tracking years in 
which the election is in effect) and for payees (same, and refiling 
elections after expiration, if desired), proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(ii) does not adopt such a rule.
    The comment also requested examples of what a de minimis error 
correction would look like. A de

[[Page 52731]]

minimis error correction would be substantially similar to a correction 
of an error greater than a de minimis error in the context of corrected 
information reporting--that is, the filing of a corrected information 
return, and the furnishing of a corrected payee statement (for example, 
filing a corrected Form 1099-MISC with the IRS, and furnishing a 
corrected Form 1099-MISC to the payee).
    The comment also requested explanation of what ``de minimis'' is 
and is not. Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(2) provides the 
definition of de minimis error, and proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(5) illustrates this definition with examples.
    The comment requested an opt-out provision for filers that, if 
selected, would remove any responsibility to collect information and 
keep records under Notice 2017-09. The Treasury Department and the IRS 
have considered potential expenses that filers might incur in meeting 
the record retention requirements in proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(4) and have determined that an opt-out provision, while 
potentially reducing expenses borne by filers, would render the record 
retention rules ineffective. The record retention requirements 
facilitate tax administration by providing proof of compliance and 
assisting filers to avoid penalties under sections 6721 and 6722. The 
Treasury Department and the IRS note that the notification under 
proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v)(B) is a voluntary 
collection of information because the notification is optional. 
Therefore, the proposed regulations do not adopt this comment.
    Finally, the comment asked whether any notification requirement 
will be effective for payees receiving their statements in 2016. The 
effective/applicability date provisions in proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(g) provide that the rules relating to the optional 
notification by filers under proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(v) are proposed to apply with respect to information returns 
and payee statements due on or after January 1 of the calendar year 
immediately following the date of publication of a Treasury decision 
adopting these rules as final regulations in the Federal Register.
    An additional comment requested that the payee election provisions 
under section 6722(c)(3)(B) and proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(i) not apply to Form 8937, ``Report of Organizational Actions 
Affecting Basis of Securities.'' The comment noted that under section 
6045B(e) and regulation Sec.  1.6045B-1(a)(3) a filer need not file and 
issue individual Forms 8937, but can opt to post a single Form 8937 on 
its public website. The comment noted that the Form 8937 is not 
specific to an individual payee, but instead describes tax basis 
adjustments in the abstract for use by brokers in determining the basis 
reporting for their customers. It noted that the individually-focused 
nature of the payee election is at odds with the public reporting 
enabled by section 6045B(e) and regulation Sec.  1.6045B-1(a)(3). And 
it noted that a single election with respect to a posted Form 8937 
could lead to inefficiencies for numbers of brokers (including those 
who did not make the election) once a correction is issued.
    The Treasury Department and the IRS acknowledge these concerns. 
However, Congress presumably was aware of the public reporting option 
under section 6045B(e) and regulation Sec.  1.6045B-1(a)(3) (enacted 
October 3, 2008, and published October 18, 2010, respectively) when it 
enacted the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions. Congress did not 
provide for authority to exclude information returns or payee 
statements from the de minimis error safe harbor, or the payee 
election, based on administrative inconvenience. The proposed 
regulations therefore do not adopt this comment's suggested rule.
    A final comment requested that the payee election be available only 
as a one-time election and apply prospectively only. The comment stated 
that nothing in the notice prevents a payee from requesting that the 
filer file a corrected information return or furnish a corrected payee 
statement from years preceding the election, and noted that this 
presents burdens and potential for abuse by payees. The comment may 
have misconstrued Notice 2017-09, in part, because nothing in the 
notice provided for an election for a year preceding the year in which 
the election was made. In like manner, proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(ii) provides that an election made by October 15 of a 
calendar year--for example, Calendar Year 1--can apply retrospectively 
to a Form 1099-MISC required to be furnished in January of Calendar 
Year 1, but the election would have no validity with respect to any 
payee statements required to be furnished in any calendar years 
preceding Calendar Year 1. Thus, the retrospective application is 
limited to the current calendar year, along with the potential 
administrative burden and any potential for abuse. The comment does not 
adequately establish that ``cherry picking'' the corrections of de 
minimis dollar amounts poses a significant threat of abuse. Regarding 
potential administrative burden to filers, while a one-time prospective 
election might be less burdensome, this is but one factor that must be 
considered; flexibility for payees in requesting corrected statements 
is another. As discussed below, proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(ii) balances these factors.
    The comment requested the information required for a payee election 
be streamlined to simplify elections as a matter of customer service. 
Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v) allows filers to provide 
a reasonable alternative manner that they view as satisfactory to their 
customers.
    The comment also echoed previous comments in requesting the 
flexibility to issue corrections, despite generally taking advantage of 
the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions, for purposes of cost basis 
adjustments under section 6045. To address this and similar comments, 
proposed regulation Sec.  1.6045-1(d)(6)(vii) provides that when a 
broker both files a corrected information return and issues a corrected 
payee statement showing the correct dollar amount, even though not 
required by section 6721(c)(3) or section 6722(c)(3), the corrected 
amount is the adjusted basis for section 6045 purposes.
    The comment asked that the recordkeeping requirement in section 
3.05 of Notice 2017-09, of ``. . . as long as that information may be 
relevant to the administration of any internal revenue law'' be reduced 
from a potentially open-ended length of time to a range of three years 
(the general statute of limitations on assessment under section 6501) 
to seven years (the time period used for various Securities and 
Exchange Commission and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority 
recordkeeping requirements), stating that the open-ended retention 
schedule is unnecessary and burdensome. Proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(4) does not adopt this comment, because the records under 
this section (such as an election, until revoked) may be relevant to 
tax administration in years beyond the general statute of limitations 
on assessment under section 6501 for a particular year. For example, if 
an election is made in 2019 and not revoked until 2025, that election 
will be relevant with respect to information returns required to be 
filed and payee statements required to be furnished in 2024. The rules 
in proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(4) therefore reflect the 
general record retention rules in section 6001 and Sec.  1.6001-1(e), 
providing for record retention as long as the contents of an election, 
revocation, or

[[Page 52732]]

notification may be material in the administration of any internal 
revenue law.
    Finally, the comment requested guidance regarding how a payee 
election that the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions not apply 
would apply to joint accounts, such as when joint account payees submit 
contrary elections, or one joint account payee submits an election but 
another does not. Absent contrary provisions under the Internal Revenue 
Code or Code of Federal Regulations, the rules that typically govern 
issues of authority over joint accounts should address these matters, 
and a special rule for purposes of de minimis error reporting is 
unnecessary. The Treasury Department and the IRS note that filers have 
the option to ignore the availability of the de minimis error safe 
harbor exceptions and issue corrections for de minimis amounts as was 
required to avoid penalties prior to the enactment of the PATH Act. 
Filers can therefore issue corrections to all joint account payees even 
if joint account payees submit contrary elections, or one joint account 
payee submits an election but another does not.

Explanation of Provisions

1. Safe Harbor Exceptions From Penalties for Certain De Minimis Errors

    In accord with sections 6721(c)(3)(A) and 6722(c)(3)(A), proposed 
regulations Sec. Sec.  301.6721-1 and 301.6722-1 provide for safe 
harbor exceptions to the section 6721 and section 6722 penalties. With 
certain exceptions discussed below, the safe harbor exceptions apply in 
circumstances when an information return or payee statement is 
otherwise correct and is timely filed or furnished and includes a de 
minimis error in a dollar amount reported on the information return or 
payee statement. When the safe harbor exception applies to an 
information return or payee statement and the information return or 
payee statement is otherwise correctly and timely filed or furnished, 
no correction is required and, for purposes of sections 6721 or 6722, 
respectively, the information return or payee statement is treated as 
having been filed or furnished with all of the correct required 
information.
    Pursuant to sections 6721(c)(3)(A) and 6722(c)(3)(A), an error is a 
de minimis error if the difference between any single amount in error 
and the correct amount is not more than $100, or, if the difference is 
with respect to an amount of tax withheld, it is not more than $25. 
Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(2) defines tax withheld to 
include any amount required to be shown on an information return or 
payee statement (as defined in section 6724(d)(1) and (d)(2), 
respectively) withheld under section 3402, as well as any such amount 
that is creditable under sections 27, 31, 33, or 1474. This is not an 
exclusive definition but is intended to ensure that all amounts giving 
rise to dollar-for-dollar reductions in tax, including foreign tax 
credits under section 27, are included as tax withheld.

2. Errors Due to Intentional Disregard of Information Reporting 
Requirements

    In accord with sections 6721(e) and 6722(e), proposed regulations 
Sec. Sec.  301.6721-1(e)(1) and 301.6722-1(d)(1) provide that the safe 
harbor exceptions for certain de minimis errors do not apply in cases 
of intentional disregard of the requirements to file correct 
information returns or furnish correct payee statements. In those 
cases, higher penalty amounts imposed by sections 6721(e) and 6722(e) 
and proposed regulations Sec. Sec.  301.6721-1(g) and 301.6722-1(c) 
apply. For example, a person may not choose to forgo filing information 
returns or furnishing payee statements that the person is required to 
file or furnish under the Code and that report amounts less than $100 
and tax withheld less than $25. To do so would be an intentional 
disregard of the filing requirement and result in higher penalties.

3. Payee Election To Receive Corrected Payee Statement

    In accord with sections 6721(c)(3)(B) and 6722(c)(3)(B), proposed 
regulations Sec. Sec.  301.6721-1(e)(3) and 301.6722-1(d)(3)(i) allow a 
payee to elect to have the safe harbor exceptions for certain de 
minimis errors not apply to the information reporting penalties. The 
proposed regulations provide that a payee may elect that the safe 
harbor exception to section 6722 penalties not apply to a payee 
statement, and that the election will also apply to the safe harbor 
exception to section 6721 penalties with respect to corresponding 
information returns. Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(vi) 
provides that the election is not available with respect to information 
that may not be altered under specific information reporting rules. For 
example, Sec.  1.6045-4(i)(5) provides special rules for defining gross 
proceeds in the context of multiple transfers for information reporting 
on real estate transactions, and prohibits altering information after 
the due date for filing the Form 1099-S, ``Proceeds From Real Estate 
Transactions.'' Allowing an election under proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(i) with respect to the Form 1099-S would suggest that 
a correction would or should be made. To resolve any ambiguity between 
these provisions, proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(vi) 
prohibits an election with respect to information that may not be 
altered under specific information reporting rules, such as under Sec.  
1.6045-4(i)(5).
    Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(ii) provides that a 
payee must make any election no later than the later of 30 days after 
the date on which the payee statement is required to be furnished to 
the payee, or October 15 of the calendar year, to receive a correct 
payee statement required to be furnished in that calendar year without 
having the safe harbor exceptions for certain de minimis errors apply. 
The October 15 date coincides with the fully-extended due date an 
individual may have to file an income tax return. In arriving at this 
date, the Treasury Department and the IRS considered both the needs of 
persons who furnish payee statements and the needs of payees, who will 
generally have a filing due date no later than October 15 if their 
taxable year corresponds to the calendar year referenced on the payee 
statements they receive. Prior to promulgation of these proposed 
regulations, the IRS advised payees to request corrected payee 
statements from filers in cases in which information is incorrect, 
without time limit on making this request. Imposing a deadline to elect 
before October 15 could limit a taxpayer's ability to correct errors 
discovered while the payee is preparing his or her return. The 
allowance of an election after the due date for most payee statements 
and through October 15 allows payees to inspect payee statements and 
make elections for purposes of timely filing their income tax returns. 
On the other hand, the existence of an election cutoff date of October 
15 in the case of most payee statements reduces administrative burden 
on filers by eliminating elections after October 15. The 30-day rule 
provides a deadline in cases of payee statements required to be 
furnished later in the calendar year, such as the Schedule K-1 (Form 
1065), ``Partner's Share of Income, Deductions, Credits, etc.,'' 
required to be furnished to payees by fiscal year partnerships.
    To reduce the administrative burden of yearly elections on both 
payees and filers, an election remains in effect for all subsequent 
years until revoked under proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(vii). The effect of a revocation of a prior election is that 
the safe harbor exceptions for de minimis errors apply. The revocation 
will be effective for

[[Page 52733]]

payee statements furnished or due to be furnished after the revocation 
is received. Because a revocation makes the safe harbor for certain de 
minimis errors applicable, potentially reducing the accuracy of 
information returns and payee statements, payees have no need to be 
able to make a retroactive revocation after receipt of any payee 
statements and during the period of preparing individual income tax 
returns. Likewise, the immediate effect of the revocation is beneficial 
to the filer, because it immediately applies the de minimis error safe 
harbor exceptions, eliminating the requirement to issue corrected 
information returns containing only de minimis errors incurred by an 
election under proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(i). If 
issuing corrections is easier for the filer, the filer can always do 
so. A revocation will remain in effect until the payee makes a valid 
and timely election under proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(i).
    For determining the ``date of receipt'' by the filer, paragraphs 
(ii) and (vii) of proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3), relating 
to elections and revocations, respectively, provide that for purposes 
of proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1 the provisions of section 7502 
relating to timely mailing treated as timely delivery apply in 
determining the date an election under proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(ii) or revocation under proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(vii) is considered to be received by the filer, 
treating delivery to the filer as if the filer were an agency, officer, 
or office under section 7502, so that the date of mailing may control 
the timeliness of an election or revocation. These rules provide for 
more clarity regarding the date of an election or revocation.
    Under proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii), the default 
manner for an election by the payee that the de minimis error safe 
harbor exceptions not apply is by writing on paper, mailed to the 
address for the filer appearing on the payee statement the payee 
received from the filer with respect to which the election is being 
made, or as provided to them by the filer. Proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii)(A) through (D) provide the requirements for what 
information must be included in the written election, such as the 
payee's name, address, and taxpayer identification number (TIN). This 
information is necessary for the filer to implement the election.
    Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v) provides that the 
payee may make the election under proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(i) in a reasonable alternative manner if the filer provides a 
valid notification to the payee describing the reasonable alternative 
manner. The reasonable alternative manner, as described in proposed 
regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v)(E), may include electronic 
elections by email or telephonic elections. For a notification under 
proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v) to be valid, and make 
available the reasonable alternative manner, the notification must be 
written (paper or electronic), must be timely under the provisions of 
proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v)(D), must explain to the 
payee the payee's ability to make the election under proposed 
regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(i), must provide an address to which 
the payee may send a written election under proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(i) and (iii), and must describe the information 
required for making the election as described by proposed regulation 
Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii)(A) through (D). To be timely under proposed 
regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v)(D), a notification must be 
provided to the payee with, or at the time of, the furnishing of the 
payee statement, or have previously been timely provided (under the 
with, or at the time of, rule) to the payee with a payee statement 
associated with the relevant account. Under proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(v)(D)(2), if a filer wishes to provide for a different 
reasonable alternative manner than a previous reasonable alternative 
manner, the applicable timeliness rule is under proposed regulation 
Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(v)(D)(1) (the with, or at the time of, rule) and 
the filer must accept payee elections under the previous reasonable 
alternative manner for a period of at least 60 days after the receipt 
of the new notification by the payee.
    To ease the administrative burden on filers, the notification may 
provide that certain of the information otherwise required under 
proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii)(B) is not required, and 
that certain of the information (the otherwise optional account number) 
is required, if the payee decides to use the reasonable alternative 
manner rather than the default manner.
    The combination of the default election under proposed regulation 
Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(iii) and the reasonable alternative manner, 
including electronic and telephonic elections, pursuant to a valid 
notification by the filer, provides a straightforward election process 
for payees who do not have notification provided them, as well as 
additional flexibility to filers who wish to provide notification to 
payees of the election and alternative methods for making the election.
    Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(vii)(A) through (F) 
provides requirements for a revocation that are similar to the 
requirements for an election.

4. Reasonable Cause

    When a payee makes an election under Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(i) by 
the later of 30 days after the date on which the payee statement is 
required to be furnished to the payee, or October 15 of the calendar 
year, the safe harbor exceptions for de minimis errors no longer apply 
with respect to the payee statement, and corresponding information 
return, required to be furnished and filed that year. If the payee 
statement has already been furnished or the information return already 
been filed, and they contain de minimis errors, the section 6721 and 
6722 penalties will apply absent the applicability of an exception 
other than the safe harbor exceptions for certain de minimis errors. 
Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6724-1(h) provides special rules to 
determine whether the exception for reasonable cause applies in this 
situation. Section 301.6724-1(h) only applies when the safe harbor for 
certain de minimis errors would have applied, but for an election under 
Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(i).
    Under this provision, a filer may establish that a failure caused 
by the presence of de minimis errors and an election under Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(i) is due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect 
by filing a corrected information return or furnishing a corrected 
payee statement, or both, as applicable, within 30 days of the date of 
the election. Where specific rules provide for additional time in which 
to furnish a corrected payee statement and file a corrected information 
return, for example with Forms W-2C, the 30-day rule does not apply and 
the specific rules will apply. In the case of filing or furnishing 
outside of the 30-day period the determination of reasonable cause will 
be on a case-by-case basis. Examples 8 and 9 in proposed regulation 
Sec.  301.6724-1(k) illustrate reasonable cause under this provision 
and when reasonable cause might occur under a separate provision.

5. Cost Basis

    To encourage correct reporting, and to facilitate brokers with the 
accurate maintenance of cost basis systems, proposed regulation Sec.  
1.6045-1(d)(6)(vii) provides that voluntary

[[Page 52734]]

corrections by brokers will result in updated adjusted basis under 
section 6045, even when the incorrect dollar amounts are not ``required 
to be corrected by reason of section 6721(c)(3) or section 
6722(c)(3).'' See I.R.C. section 6045(g)(2)(B)(iii). This proposed 
regulation allows brokers who identify a de minimis error in their cost 
basis systems to fix the mismatch between their systems and the 
previously-reported (incorrect) dollar amount through voluntary 
subsequent reporting. The updated adjusted basis under section 6045 has 
no effect on calculating basis under other basis determination 
sections, such as section 1012.

6. Record Retention

    To facilitate proof of compliance, proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(4) provides that filers must retain records of any 
election, revocation, or notification for as long as the contents of 
the election, revocation, or notification may be material in the 
administration of any internal revenue law. Whether an election, 
revocation, or notification was effectively made under these 
regulations can affect whether the section 6721 or 6722 penalties 
apply. Thus, records of any election, revocation, or notification are 
relevant to determining the tax liability of any person under sections 
6721 or 6722. See section 6001 and Sec.  1.6001-1(e).

7. Updates and Conforming Amendments

    To reflect increased penalty amounts due to section 2102 of the 
Creating Small Business Jobs Act of 2010 and section 806 of the Trade 
Preferences Extension Act of 2015, the proposed regulations update 
dollar amounts throughout. Additionally, to reflect the provision for 
annual inflationary adjustments in section 208 of the Tax Increase 
Prevention Act of 2014, proposed regulations Sec. Sec.  301.6721-1(i) 
and 301.6722-1(f) provide for adjustments for inflation.
    To reflect the amendments by section 2004 of the Surface 
Transportation and Veterans Health Care Choice Improvement Act of 2015, 
section 13520(c) of Public Law 115-97, and section 206(o) of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2018 to sections 6724(d)(1) and 
6724(d)(2), proposed regulations Sec. Sec.  301.6721-1(h)(2)(xii) and 
(h)(3)(xxvi) and 301.6722-1(e)(2)(xxxv), (xxxvi), and (xxxvii) are 
added to update the definitions of information return and payee 
statement.
    To reflect the amendments by section 1211(b)(2) of the Pension 
Protection Act of 2006 to section 6721(e)(2), proposed regulation Sec.  
301.6721-1(g)(4)(iv)(D) provides for the calculation of the section 
6721 penalty in case of intentional disregard in the case of a return 
required to be filed under section 6050V.
    Proposed regulation Sec.  301.6724-1(m) provides for updated 
procedures for a taxpayer to use to seek an administrative waiver that 
a failure is due to reasonable cause and not due to willful neglect, as 
the prior language referencing the district director was out of date.
    The proposed regulations remove outdated references to various 
taxable years, replacing with updated years where necessary, such as in 
examples.
    The proposed regulations make numerous conforming amendments to 
reflect the addition and renumbering of paragraphs. Proposed regulation 
Sec.  301.6721-0 provides an updated table of contents.

Proposed Effective/Applicability Date

    The regulations, as proposed, would generally apply with respect to 
information returns required to be filed and payee statements required 
to be furnished on or after January 1 of the calendar year immediately 
following the date of publication of a Treasury decision adopting these 
rules as final regulations in the Federal Register. Proposed regulation 
Sec.  301.6724-1(h), however, would apply with respect to information 
returns required to be filed and payee statements required to be 
furnished on or after January 1, 2017. See I.R.C. section 7805(b)(1)(C) 
and section 4 of Notice 2017-09, IRB-2017-4 (January 23, 2017).

Effect on Other Documents

    Upon the publication of final regulations pursuant to the proposed 
regulations under sections 6045, 6721, 6722, and 6724 in this notice of 
proposed rulemaking in the Federal Register, Notice 2017-09 will be 
superseded with respect to information returns required to be filed and 
payee statements required to be furnished on or after January 1 of the 
calendar year immediately following the date of publication of a 
Treasury decision adopting these rules as final regulations in the 
Federal Register.

Special Analyses

    These regulations are not subject to review under section 6(b) of 
Executive Order 12866 pursuant to the Memorandum of Agreement (April 
11, 2018) between the Treasury Department and the Office of Management 
and Budget regarding review of tax regulations.
    Pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 6), it 
is hereby certified that the collection of information contained in 
these regulations, if adopted, would not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities. Accordingly, a 
regulatory flexibility analysis is not required. As stated in this 
preamble, the proposed regulations would implement the de minimis error 
safe harbor exceptions in sections 6721(c)(3) and 6722(c)(3) to the 
section 6721 and 6722 penalties. Pursuant to section 6722(c)(3)(B), the 
proposed regulations would also provide for the time and manner for 
elections by payees that the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions 
not apply, including optional notifications by filers to provide for an 
alternative reasonable manner for the election. Finally, the proposed 
regulations would provide rules for revocations by payees of elections 
and record retention rules.
    Although the proposed regulations may potentially affect a 
substantial number of small entities, the economic impact on these 
entities is not expected to be significant. The de minimis error safe 
harbor exceptions are expected to greatly reduce the burden on filers 
to file corrected information returns and furnish corrected payee 
statements because of de minimis errors. In those cases where payees 
opt to elect that the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions not 
apply, the expense of making the election will be borne by the payees, 
which generally will not be small entities.
    Filers that are small entities receiving elections may incur costs 
in processing the elections, including initial costs in implementing 
systems or modifying existing systems to process elections, and 
subsequently in time incurred administering these systems. However, 
because section 6722(c)(3)(B) provides for a payee election, costs flow 
from the statute regardless of the proposed regulations. Additionally, 
filers that are small entities generally will have information 
reporting systems currently in place, and any costs incurred pursuant 
to the proposed regulations in modifying and implementing these systems 
are not expected to be significant. The rules in the proposed 
regulations provide clarity regarding the election process, which is 
expected to result in a more streamlined process.
    Similarly, in those cases where payees opt to revoke a prior 
election, the expense of making the revocation will be borne by the 
payees, which generally will not be small entities. Filers that are 
small entities receiving revocations will benefit from the resulting 
applicability

[[Page 52735]]

of the de minimis error safe harbor exceptions, resulting in reduced 
burden to file corrected information returns and furnish corrected 
payee statements because of de minimis errors. Filers that are small 
entities receiving revocations may incur costs in processing the 
revocations similar to those incurred in processing elections; however, 
it is expected that systems implementing payee elections can be 
modified with minimal additional cost to account for revocations in 
addition to elections. Filers that are small entities opting to provide 
the optional notification to payees regarding an alternative reasonable 
manner for making the election may incur costs in providing the 
notification. However, it is expected that filers will only provide 
optional notifications when they have determined that any cost in 
providing the notification is offset by a resulting economic benefit to 
the filer, such as a more cost-efficient election system. The record 
retention rules may also increase expenses for filers that are small 
entities; however, any added expenses are expected to be minimal given 
existing record retention systems. Pursuant to section 7805(f) of the 
Code, this notice of proposed rulemaking has been submitted to the 
Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration for 
comment on its impact on small business.

Comments and Requests for Public Hearing

    Before these proposed regulations are adopted as final regulations, 
consideration will be given to any comments that are timely submitted 
to the IRS as prescribed in the preamble under the ADDRESSES section. 
The Treasury Department and the IRS request comments on all aspects of 
these proposed regulations. All comments submitted will be made 
available at www.regulations.gov or upon request. A public hearing may 
be scheduled if requested in writing by any person that timely submits 
written comments. If a public hearing is scheduled, notice of the date, 
time, and place for the hearing will be published in the Federal 
Register.

Drafting Information

    The principal author of these regulations is Mark A. Bond of the 
Office of the Associate Chief Counsel (Procedure and Administration).

List of Subjects

26 CFR Part 1

    Income taxes.

26 CFR Part 301

    Employment taxes, Estate taxes, Excise taxes, Gift taxes, Income 
taxes, Penalties, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

Proposed Amendments to the Regulations

    Accordingly, 26 CFR parts 1 and 301 are proposed to be amended as 
follows:

PART 1--INCOME TAXES

0
Paragraph 1. The authority citation for part 1 continues to read in 
part as follows:

    Authority:  26 U.S.C. 7805. * * *

0
 Par. 2. Section 1.6045-1 is amended by redesignating paragraph 
(d)(6)(vii) as paragraph (d)(6)(viii), adding paragraphs (d)(6)(vii) 
and (ix), and revising paragraphs (k)(4), (l), and (q) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  1.6045-1  Returns of information of brokers and barter exchanges.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (6) * * *
    (vii) Treatment of de minimis errors. For purposes of this section, 
a customer's adjusted basis shall generally be determined by treating 
any incorrect dollar amount which is not required to be corrected by 
reason of section 6721(c)(3) or section 6722(c)(3) as the correct 
amount. However if a broker, upon identifying a dollar amount as 
incorrect, voluntarily both files a corrected information return and 
issues a corrected payee statement showing the correct dollar amount, 
then regardless of any requirement under section 6721 or section 6722, 
the adjusted basis shall be the correct dollar amount as reported on 
the corrected information return and corrected payee statement.
* * * * *
    (ix) Applicability date. Paragraph (d)(6)(vii) of this section 
applies with respect to information returns required to be filed and 
payee statements required to be furnished on or after January 1 of the 
calendar year immediately following the date of publication of a 
Treasury decision adopting these rules as final regulations in the 
Federal Register.
* * * * *
    (k) * * *
    (4) Cross-reference to penalty. For provisions for failure to 
furnish timely a correct payee statement, see Sec.  301.6722-1 of this 
chapter (Procedure and Administration Regulations). See Sec.  301.6724-
1 of this chapter for the waiver of a penalty if the failure is due to 
reasonable cause and is not due to willful neglect.
    (l) Use of magnetic media. See Sec.  301.6011-2 of this chapter for 
rules relating to filing information returns on magnetic media and for 
rules relating to waivers granted for undue hardship. A broker or 
barter exchange that fails to file a Form 1099 on magnetic media, when 
required, may be subject to a penalty under section 6721 for each such 
failure. See paragraph (j) of this section.
* * * * *
    (q) Applicability date. Except as otherwise provided in paragraphs 
(d)(6)(ix), (m)(2)(ii), and (n)(12)(ii) of this section, and in this 
paragraph (q), this section applies on or after January 6, 2017. 
Paragraphs (k)(4) and (l) of this section apply with respect to 
information returns required to be filed and payee statements required 
to be furnished on or after January 1 of the calendar year immediately 
following the date of publication of a Treasury decision adopting these 
rules as final regulations in the Federal Register. (For rules that 
apply after June 30, 2014, and before January 6, 2017, see this section 
as in effect and contained in 26 CFR part 1, as revised April 1, 2016.)

PART 301--PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION

0
Par. 3. The authority citation for part 301 continues to read in part 
as follows:

    Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805.
* * * * *
0
Par. 4. Section 301.6721-0 is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  301.6721-0  Table of Contents.

    In order to facilitate the use of Sec. Sec.  301.6721-1 through 
6724-1, this section lists the paragraph headings contained in these 
sections.


Sec.  301.6721-1  Failure to file correct information returns.

    (a) Imposition of penalty.
    (1) General rule.
    (2) Failures subject to the penalty.
    (b) Reduction in the penalty when a correction is made within 
specified periods.
    (1) Correction within 30 days.
    (2) Correction after 30 days but on or before August 1.
    (3) Required filing date defined.
    (4) Penalty amount for return with multiple failures.
    (5) Examples.
    (6) Applications to returns not due on January 31, February 28, or 
March 15.
    (c) Exception for inconsequential errors or omissions.
    (1) In general.

[[Page 52736]]

    (2) Errors or omissions that are never inconsequential.
    (3) Examples.
    (d) Exception for a de minimis number of failures.
    (1) Requirements.
    (2) Calculation of the de minimis exception.
    (3) Examples.
    (4) Nonapplication to returns not due on January 31, February 28, 
or March 15.
    (e) Safe harbor exception for certain de minimis errors.
    (1) In general.
    (2) Definition of de minimis error.
    (3) Election to override the safe harbor exception.
    (f) Lower limitations on the $3,000,000 maximum penalty amount with 
respect to persons with gross receipts of not more than $5,000,000.
    (1) In general.
    (2) Gross receipts test.
    (g) Higher penalty for intentional disregard of requirement to file 
timely correct information returns.
    (1) Application of section 6721(e).
    (2) Meaning of ``intentional disregard.''
    (3) Facts and circumstances considered.
    (4) Amount of the penalty.
    (5) Computation of the penalty; aggregate dollar amount of the 
items required to be reported correctly.
    (6) Examples.
    (h) Definitions.
    (1) Information return.
    (2) Statements.
    (3) Returns.
    (4) Other items.
    (5) Payee.
    (6) Filer.
    (i) Adjustment for inflation.
    (j) Applicability date.


Sec.  301.6722-1  Failure to furnish correct payee statements.

    (a) Imposition of penalty.
    (1) General rule.
    (2) Failures subject to the penalty.
    (b) Exception for inconsequential errors or omissions.
    (1) In general.
    (2) Errors or omissions that are never inconsequential.
    (3) Examples.
    (c) Higher penalty for intentional disregard of requirement to 
furnish timely correct payee statements.
    (1) Application of section 6722(e).
    (2) Amount of the penalty.
    (3) Computation of the penalty; aggregate dollar amount of items 
required to be shown correctly.
    (d) Safe harbor exception for certain de minimis errors.
    (1) In general.
    (2) Definition of de minimis error.
    (3) Election to override the safe harbor exception.
    (4) Record retention.
    (6) Examples.
    (e) Definitions.
    (1) Payee.
    (2) Payee statement.
    (3) Other items.
    (4) Filer.
    (f) Adjustment for inflation.
    (g) Applicability date.


Sec.  301.6723-1  Failure to comply with other information reporting 
requirements.

    (a) Imposition of penalty.
    (1) General rule.
    (2) Failures subject to the penalty.
    (3) Exception for inconsequential errors or omissions.
    (4) Specified information reporting requirement defined.
    (b) Examples.


Sec.  301.6724-1  Reasonable cause.

    (a) Waiver of the penalty.
    (1) General rule.
    (2) Reasonable cause defined.
    (b) Significant mitigating factors.
    (c) Events beyond the filer's control.
    (1) In general.
    (2) Unavailability of the relevant business records.
    (3) Undue economic hardship relating to filing on magnetic media.
    (4) Actions of the Internal Revenue Service.
    (5) Actions of agent--imputed reasonable cause.
    (6) Actions of the payee or any other person.
    (d) Responsible manner.
    (1) In general.
    (2) Special rule for filers seeking a waiver pursuant to paragraph 
(c)(6) of this section.
    (e) Acting in a responsible manner--special rules for missing TINs.
    (1) In general.
    (i) Initial solicitation.
    (ii) First annual solicitation.
    (iii) Second annual solicitation.
    (iv) Additional requirements.
    (v) Failures to which a solicitation relates.
    (vi) Exceptions and limitations.
    (2) Manner of making annual solicitations--by mail or telephone.
    (i) By mail.
    (ii) By telephone.
    (f) Acting in a responsible manner--special rules for incorrect 
TINs.
    (1) In general.
    (i) Initial solicitation.
    (ii) First annual solicitation.
    (iii) Second annual solicitation.
    (iv) Additional requirements.
    (2) Manner of making annual solicitation if notified pursuant to 
section 3406(a)(1)(B) and the regulations thereunder.
    (3) Manner of making annual solicitation if notified pursuant to 
section 6721.
    (4) Failures to which a solicitation relates.
    (5) Exceptions and limitations.
    (g) Due diligence safe harbor.
    (1) In general.
    (2) Special rules relating to TINs.
    (3) Effective dates.
    (h) Reasonable cause safe harbor after election under section 
6722(c)(3)(B).
    (i) [Reserved]
    (j) Failures to which this section relates.
    (k) Examples.
    (l) [Reserved]
    (m) Procedure for seeking a waiver.
    (n) Manner of payment.
    (o) Applicability date.
0
Par. 5. Section 301.6721-1 is amended by:
0
1. Revising paragraph (a)(1).
0
2. Revising the ninth sentence of paragraph (a)(2)(ii).
0
3. Revising paragraphs (b)(1), (2), (5), and (6), (c)(1), (c)(2)(iii), 
(c)(3), and (d).
0
4. Redesignating paragraphs (e), (f), and (g) as paragraphs (f), (g), 
and (h).
0
5. Adding a new paragraph (e).
0
6. Revising newly redesignated paragraphs (f)(1), (g)(1) and (4) 
through (6), (h)(1), and (h)(2)(x) and (xi) and adding paragraph 
(h)(2)(xii).
0
7. Revising newly redesignated paragraphs (h)(3)(xvii), (xviii), 
(xxiv), and (xxv) and adding paragraph (h)(3)(xxvi).
0
8. Revising newly redesignated paragraphs (h)(4) and (6).
0
9. Adding paragraphs (i) and (j).
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  301.6721-1  Failure to file correct information returns.

    (a) Imposition of penalty--(1) General rule. A penalty of $250 is 
imposed for each information return (as defined in section 6724(d)(1) 
and paragraph (h) of this section) with respect to which a failure (as 
defined in section 6721(a)(2) and paragraph (a)(2) of this section) 
occurs. No more than one penalty will be imposed under this paragraph 
(a)(1) with respect to a single information return even though there 
may be more than one failure with respect to such return. The total 
amount imposed on any person for all failures during any calendar year 
with respect to all information returns shall not exceed $3,000,000. 
See paragraph (b) of this section for a reduction in the penalty when 
the failures are corrected within specified periods. See paragraph (c) 
of this section for an exception to the

[[Page 52737]]

penalty for inconsequential errors or omissions. See paragraph (d) of 
this section for an exception to the penalty for a de minimis number of 
failures. See paragraph (e) of this section for a safe harbor exception 
for certain de minimis errors. See paragraph (f) of this section for 
lower limitations to the $3,000,000 maximum penalty. See paragraph (g) 
of this section for higher penalties when a failure is due to 
intentional disregard of the requirement to file timely correct 
information returns. See paragraph (i) of this section for inflation 
adjustments to penalty amounts. See Sec.  301.6724-1(a)(1) for waiver 
of the penalty for a failure that is due to reasonable cause.
    (2) * * *
    (ii) * * * Except as provided in paragraph (c)(1) or (e)(1) of this 
section, a failure to include correct information encompasses a failure 
to include the information required by applicable information reporting 
statutes or by any administrative pronouncements issued thereunder 
(such as regulations, revenue rulings, revenue procedures, or 
information reporting forms and form instructions). * * *
    (b) Reduction in the penalty when a correction is made within 
specified periods--(1) Correction within 30 days. The penalty imposed 
under section 6721(a) for a failure to file timely or for a failure to 
include correct information shall be $50 in lieu of $250 if the failure 
is corrected on or before the 30th day after the required filing date 
(``within 30 days''). The total amount imposed on a person for all 
failures during any calendar year that are corrected within 30 days 
shall not exceed $500,000.
    (2) Correction after 30 days but on or before August 1. The penalty 
imposed under section 6721(a) for a failure to file timely or for a 
failure to include correct information shall be $100 in lieu of $250 if 
the failure is corrected after the 30-day period described in paragraph 
(b)(1) of this section but on or before August 1 of the year in which 
the required filing date occurs (``after 30 days but on or before 
August 1''). See paragraph (b)(6) of this section for an exception to 
the provisions of this paragraph (b)(2) for returns that are not due on 
January 31, February 28, or March 15. The total amount imposed on a 
person for all failures during any calendar year corrected after 30 
days but on or before August 1 shall not exceed $1,500,000.
* * * * *
    (5) Examples. The provisions of paragraphs (a) and (b)(1) through 
(4) of this section may be illustrated by the following examples. These 
examples do not take into account any possible application of the de 
minimis exception under paragraph (d) of this section, the safe harbor 
exception for certain de minimis errors under paragraph (e) of this 
section, the lower small business limitations under paragraph (f) of 
this section, the penalty for intentional disregard under paragraph (g) 
of this section, any adjustments for inflation under paragraph (i) of 
this section, or the reasonable cause waiver under Sec.  301.6724-1(a):

    (i) Example 1. Corporation R fails to file timely 23,000 Forms 
1099-MISC (relating to miscellaneous income) for the 2018 calendar 
year. Five thousand of these returns are filed with correct 
information within 30 days, and 18,000 after 30 days but on or 
before August 1, 2019. For the same year R fails to file timely 400 
Forms 1099-INT (relating to payments of interest) which R eventually 
files on September 28, 2019, after the period for reduction of the 
penalty has elapsed. R is subject to a penalty of $100,000 for the 
400 forms which were not filed by August 1 ($250 x 400 = $100,000), 
$1,500,000 for the 18,000 forms filed after 30 days ($100 x 18,000 = 
$1,800,000, limited to $1,500,000 under paragraph (b)(2) of this 
section), and $250,000 for the 5,000 forms filed within 30 days ($50 
x 5,000 = $250,000), for a total penalty of $1,850,000.
    (ii) Example 2.  Corporation T fails to file timely 14,000 Forms 
1099-MISC for the 2018 calendar year. T files the 14,000 Forms 1099-
MISC on September 1, 2019. Because T does not correct the failure by 
August 1, 2019, T is subject to a penalty of $3,000,000, the maximum 
penalty under paragraph (a) of this section. Without the limitation 
of paragraph (a), T would be subject to a $3,500,000 penalty ($250 x 
14,000 = $3,500,000).
    (iii) Example 3.  Corporation U files timely 300 Forms 1099-MISC 
on paper for the 2018 calendar year with correct information. Under 
section 6011(e)(2) a person required to file at least 250 returns 
during a calendar year must file those returns on magnetic media. U 
does not correct its failures to file these returns on magnetic 
media by August 1, 2019. It is therefore subject to a penalty for a 
failure to file timely under paragraph (a)(2) of this section. 
However, pursuant to section 6724(c) and paragraph (a)(2) of this 
section, the penalty for a failure to file timely on magnetic media 
applies only to the extent the number of returns exceeds 250. As U 
was required to file 300 returns on magnetic media, U is subject to 
a penalty of $12,500 for 50 returns ($250 x 50 = $12,500).
    (iv) Example 4.  Corporation V files 300 Forms 1099-B (relating 
to proceeds from broker and barter exchange transactions) on paper 
for the 2018 calendar year. The forms were filed on March 15, 2019, 
rather than on the required filing date of February 28, 2019. Under 
section 6011(e)(2), a person required to file at least 250 returns 
during a calendar year must file those returns on magnetic media. V 
does not correctly file these returns on magnetic media by August 1, 
2019. V is subject to a penalty of $12,500 for filing 250 of the 
returns late ($50 x 250) and $12,500 for failing to file 50 returns 
on magnetic media ($250 x 50) for a total penalty of $25,000.

    (6) Application to returns not due on January 31, February 28, or 
March 15. For returns that are not due on January 31, February 28, or 
March 15 (for example, Forms 8300 reporting certain cash payments of 
$10,000 or more), the penalty is $50 if the failure is corrected within 
30 days. If the failure is corrected after 30 days, the penalty is $250 
rather than $100. There is no period during which the penalty is 
reduced to $100 under paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
    (c) Exception for inconsequential errors or omissions--(1) In 
general. An inconsequential error or omission is not considered a 
failure to include correct information. For purposes of this paragraph 
(c)(1), the term ``inconsequential error or omission'' means any 
failure that does not prevent or hinder the Internal Revenue Service 
from processing the return, from correlating the information required 
to be shown on the return with the information shown on the payee's tax 
return, or from otherwise putting the return to its intended use. See 
paragraph (h)(5) of this section for the definition of ``payee.''
    (2) * * *
    (iii) Any monetary amounts, except as provided in paragraph (e) of 
this section. The Internal Revenue Service may, by administrative 
pronouncement, specify other types of errors or omissions that are 
never inconsequential.
    (3) Examples. The provisions of this paragraph (c) may be 
illustrated by the following examples, which do not take into account 
any possible application of the penalty for intentional disregard under 
paragraph (g) of this section or the reasonable cause waiver under 
Sec.  301.6724-1(a):

    (i) Example 1. A filer files a Form 1099-MISC (relating to 
miscellaneous income) with the Internal Revenue Service. The Form 
1099-MISC is complete and correct except that the word ``street'' is 
misspelled in the payee's address. The error does not prevent or 
hinder the Internal Revenue Service from processing the return, from 
correlating the information required to be shown on the return with 
the information shown on the payee's tax return, or from otherwise 
putting the return to its intended use. Therefore, no penalty is 
imposed under paragraph (a) of this section.
    (ii) Example 2. A filer files a Form 1099-MISC with the Internal 
Revenue Service. The Form 1099-MISC is complete and correct except 
that the payee's first name, William, is misspelled as ``Willaim.'' 
The error does not prevent or hinder the Internal Revenue Service 
from processing the return, from correlating the information 
required to be shown on the return with the information

[[Page 52738]]

shown on the payee's tax return, or from otherwise putting the 
return to its intended use. See paragraph (c)(2) of this section. 
Therefore, no penalty is imposed under paragraph (a) of this 
section.
    (iii) Example 3. A filer files a Form 1099-MISC with the 
Internal Revenue Service. The Form 1099-MISC is complete and correct 
except that the payee's name, ``John Doe,'' is misspelled as ``John 
Ode.'' Under paragraph (c)(2) of this section, supplying an 
incorrect surname for a payee is never considered an inconsequential 
error. Therefore, a penalty is imposed under paragraph (a) of this 
section.

    (d) Exception for a de minimis number of failures--(1) 
Requirements. The penalty under paragraph (a) of this section is not 
imposed for a de minimis number of failures to include correct 
information if the filer corrects such failures on or before August 1 
of the year in which the required filing date occurs. See paragraph 
(d)(4) of this section for special rules relating to returns that are 
not due on January 31, February 28, or March 15.
    (2) Calculation of the de minimis exception. The number of returns 
to which the de minimis exception applies for any calendar year shall 
not exceed the greater of 10 or one-half of one percent of the total 
number of all information returns the filer is required to file during 
the year. If the number of returns on which the filer fails to include 
correct information exceeds the number of returns to which the de 
minimis exception applies, the de minimis exception applies to those 
returns that will afford the filer the greatest reduction in penalty. 
The de minimis exception applies to failures to include correct 
information that exist after the application (if any) of the safe 
harbor exception for certain de minimis errors under paragraph (e) of 
this section and after the application (if any) of the waiver for 
reasonable cause under section 6724(a) and Sec.  301.6724-1. Returns to 
which the de minimis exception applies are treated as having been 
originally filed with correct information.
    (3) Examples. The provisions of this paragraph (d) may be 
illustrated by the following examples. In each of the examples, the 
failures to file and to include correct information are subject to 
penalty under paragraph (a) of this section. The examples do not take 
into account any possible application of the safe harbor exception for 
certain de minimis errors under paragraph (e) of this section, the 
lower small business limitations under paragraph (f) of this section, 
the penalty for intentional disregard under paragraph (g) of this 
section, any adjustment for inflation under paragraph (i) of this 
section, or the reasonable cause waiver under Sec.  301.6724-1(a).

    (i) Example 1. Corporation T files timely 10,000 Forms 1099-INT 
(relating to payments of interest) for 2018 by February 28, 2019. 
The 10,000 returns are all the information returns that T is 
required to file during the 2019 calendar year. Of the returns 
filed, 70 contained incorrect information. T corrects the failures 
on July 12, 2019. No penalty is imposed for 50 of the failures (that 
is, the greater of 10 or .005 x 10,000 = 50) even though the total 
failures, 70, exceed the number to which the de minimis exception 
may apply. The $100 penalty under paragraph (b)(2) of this section 
is imposed, in lieu of $250, for the remaining 20 failures, which 
were corrected after 30 days but on or before August 1, resulting in 
a total penalty of $2000 ($100 x 20 = $2000).
    (ii) Example 2.  Corporation U files timely 9,500 Forms 1099-INT 
for 2018 by February 28, 2019. Fifty of these returns contain 
incorrect information with respect to which U files correct 
information on August 1, 2019. U also files 500 Forms 1099-INT for 
2018 on August 30, 2019, after the required filing date. The 10,000 
returns are all the information returns that U is required to file 
during the 2019 calendar year. The calculation of the de minimis 
exception is based on the 10,000 returns required to be filed during 
the 2019 calendar year even though 500 of the returns filed during 
the year were not filed timely. Therefore, the number of failures 
for which the de minimis exception applies is 50, and accordingly no 
penalty is imposed for the 50 Forms 1099-INT that were corrected on 
August 1, 2019. However, the $250 penalty under paragraph (a)(1) of 
this section is imposed for each failure to file timely, resulting 
in a total penalty of $125,000 ($250 x 500 = $125,000).
    (iii) Example 3. Corporation V files timely 9,950 Forms 1099-INT 
for 2018 by February 28, 2019. However, V fails to file timely 50 of 
its Forms 1099-INT. The 10,000 returns are all the information 
returns that V is required to file during the 2019 calendar year. 
Upon discovering the error, V files the 50 returns within 30 days of 
February 28, 2019. The 50 returns are complete and correct except 
that V fails to include the taxpayer identification numbers of the 
payees on the returns. V files corrected returns on August 1, 2019. 
Absent application of the de minimis exception, the penalty imposed 
for the failure to include correct information would be $5,000 ($100 
x 50 = $5,000). Because the incorrect returns are corrected on 
August 1, the 50 forms are treated under the de minimis exception as 
originally filed with correct information, and therefore no penalty 
is imposed under paragraph (a) of this section for the failure to 
include correct information. Nevertheless, the penalty under 
paragraph (a) of this section is imposed for the failure to file 
timely the 50 returns because the de minimis exception does not 
apply to the penalty for the failure to file timely. Hence, a 
penalty of $2,500 ($50 x 50 = $2500) is imposed.
    (iv) Example 4. Corporation W files timely 100 Forms 1099-DIV 
and files an additional 50 Forms 1099-DIV late, but within 30 days 
of February 28, 2019. These are all the information returns that W 
was required to file during the 2019 calendar year. W discovers 
errors on 10 of the returns that were filed timely, and on 5 of the 
returns that were filed late. W corrects all the errors on August 1. 
The de minimis exception applies to 10 of the corrected returns. The 
exception will be allocated to the 10 returns that were filed timely 
with incorrect information, because that allocation is most 
favorable to W (that is, applying the exception to a return filed 
late with incorrect information would save W $50, by reducing the 
penalty on that return from $100 to $50, but applying the exception 
to a return filed timely would save W $100, by reducing the penalty 
on that return from $100 to $0). (See paragraph (b)(4) of this 
section.)

    (4) Nonapplication to returns not due on January 31, February 28, 
or March 15. The exception for a de minimis number of failures provided 
in paragraph (d)(1) of this section does not apply to failures with 
respect to returns that are not due on January 31, February 28, or 
March 15 (for example, Forms 8300 reporting certain cash payments of 
$10,000 or more). Nevertheless, the returns that are not due on January 
31, February 28, or March 15 are included in the total number of all 
information returns that the filer is required to file during a year 
for purposes of calculating the number of the returns subject to the de 
minimis exception under paragraph (d)(2) of this section.
    (e) Safe harbor exception for certain de minimis errors--(1) In 
general. Except as provided in paragraph (e)(3) or (g)(4) of this 
section, the penalty under section 6721(a) and paragraph (a) of this 
section is not imposed for a failure described in section 6721(a)(2)(B) 
and paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section (failure to include correct 
information on information return) when the failure relates to an 
incorrect dollar amount and is a de minimis error. When this safe 
harbor applies to an information return and the information return was 
otherwise correct and timely filed, no correction is required and, for 
purposes of this section, the information return is treated as having 
been filed with all of the correct required information.
    (2) Definition of de minimis error. For the definition of de 
minimis error, see Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(2).
    (3) Election to override the safe harbor exception. The safe harbor 
exception provided for by paragraph (e)(1) of this section does not 
apply to any information return if the incorrect dollar amount that 
would qualify as a de minimis error for purposes of this paragraph (e) 
relates to an amount with respect to which an election has been made 
(and has not been revoked) under section 6722(c)(3)(B) and Sec.  
301.6722-

[[Page 52739]]

1(d)(3). See Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3) for additional rules relating to 
the election under section 6722(c)(3)(B) and Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3), 
including rules relating to the revocation of the election and the 
inapplicability of the election to certain information. See Sec.  
301.6724-1(h) for rules relating to waiver of the section 6721 penalty 
in cases where the safe harbor exception provided for by paragraph 
(e)(1) of this section does not apply because of an election under 
Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3).
    (f) Lower limitations on the $3,000,000 maximum penalty amount with 
respect to persons with gross receipts of not more than $5,000,000--(1) 
In general. If a person meets the gross receipts test (as defined in 
paragraph (f)(2) of this section) for any calendar year, the total 
amount of the penalty imposed on such person for all failures described 
in section 6721(a)(2) and paragraph (a)(2) of this section during such 
calendar year shall not exceed $1,000,000. The total amount of the 
penalty imposed under paragraph (b)(1) of this section for failures 
corrected within 30 days shall not exceed $175,000 for such calendar 
year. The total amount of the penalty imposed under paragraph (b)(2) of 
this section for failures corrected after 30 days but on or before 
August 1 shall not exceed $500,000 for such calendar year.
* * * * *
    (g) Higher penalty for intentional disregard of requirement to file 
timely correct information returns--(1) Application of section 6721(e). 
If a failure is due to intentional disregard of the requirement to file 
timely or to include correct information on a return as described in 
paragraph (h) of this section, the amount of the penalty imposed under 
paragraph (a) of this section shall be determined under paragraph 
(g)(4) of this section.
* * * * *
    (4) Amount of the penalty. If one or more failures to file timely 
or to include correct information are due to intentional disregard of 
the requirement to file timely or to include correct information, then, 
with respect to each such failure determined under this paragraph (g)--
    (i) Paragraphs (b), (d), (e), and (f) of this section shall not 
apply;
    (ii) The $3,000,000 limitation under paragraph (a) of this section 
shall not apply, and the penalty under this paragraph (g) shall not be 
taken into account in applying the $3,000,000 limitation (or any 
similar limitation under paragraph (b) or (f) of this section) to 
penalties not determined under this paragraph (g);
    (iii) The penalty imposed under paragraph (a) of this section shall 
be $500 or, if greater, the statutory percentage; and
    (iv) The term ``statutory percentage'' means--
    (A) In the case of a return other than a return required under 
section 6045(a), 6041A(b), 6050H, 6050I, 6050J, 6050K, 6050L, or 6050V, 
10 percent of the aggregate dollar amount of the items required to be 
reported correctly;
    (B) In the case of a return required to be filed by section 
6045(a), 6050K, or 6050L, 5 percent of the aggregate dollar amount of 
the items required to be reported correctly;
    (C) In the case of a return required to be filed under section 
6050I(a), for any transaction (or related transactions), the greater of 
$25,000 or the amount of cash (within the meaning of section 6050I(d)) 
received in such transaction to the extent the amount of such cash does 
not exceed $100,000; or
    (D) In the case of a return required to be filed under section 
6050V, 10 percent of the value of the benefit of any contract with 
respect to which information is required to be included on the return.
    (5) Computation of the penalty; aggregate dollar amount of the 
items required to be reported correctly. The aggregate dollar amount 
used in computing the penalty under this paragraph (g) is the amount 
that is not reported or is reported incorrectly. If the intentional 
disregard relates to a dollar amount, the statutory percentage is 
applied to the difference between the dollar amount reported and the 
amount required to be reported correctly. If the intentional disregard 
relates to any other item on the return, the statutory percentage is 
applied to the aggregate amount of items required to be reported 
correctly. In determining the aggregate amount of items required to be 
reported correctly, no item shall be taken into account more than once. 
For example, if a filer willfully fails to file a Form 1099-INT on 
which $800 of interest and $160 of Federal income tax withheld (that 
is, backup withholding) is required to be reported, only the $800 
amount is taken into account in computing the penalty.
    (6) Examples. The provisions of this paragraph (g) may be 
illustrated by the following examples, which do not take into account 
any adjustments for inflation under paragraph (i) of this section:

    (i) Example 1.  On December 1, 2018, Automobile dealer P 
receives $55,000 from an individual for the purchase of an 
automobile in a transaction subject to reporting under section 
6050I. The individual presents documents to P that identify him as 
``John Doe.'' However, P completes the Form 8300 (relating to cash 
received in a trade or business) and reflects the name of a cartoon 
character as the filer. Because P knew at the time of filing the 
Form 8300 that the filer's name was not the name of the cartoon 
character, he willfully failed to include correct information as 
described under paragraph (g)(2) of this section. Therefore, the 
penalty under paragraph (g)(4) of this section is imposed for the 
intentional disregard of the requirement to include correct 
information. The amount used in computing the penalty under 
paragraph (g)(5) of this section is $55,000 (that is, the amount 
required to be reported on the return with respect to which the 
payee is not correctly identified). The amount of the penalty 
determined under paragraph (g)(4)(iv)(C) of this section is $55,000 
(that is, the greater of $25,000 or the amount of cash received in 
the transaction up to $100,000).
    (ii) Example 2.  On December 1, 2018, Individual B contacts his 
agent, F, to act as his intermediary in the purchase of an 
automobile. B gives F $20,000 and requests F to purchase the 
automobile in F's name, which F does. F prepares the Form 8300 as 
required under section 6050I, but in the area designated for the 
name of the filer, F writes ``confidential.'' Because F knew at the 
time the return was filed that it contained incomplete information, 
the penalty under paragraph (g)(4) of this section is imposed for 
the intentional disregard of the requirement to include correct 
information. The amount used in computing the penalty under 
paragraph (g)(5) of this section is $20,000 (that is, the amount 
required to be reported on the return with respect to which the 
payee is not correctly identified). The amount of the penalty 
determined under paragraph (g)(4)(iv)(C) of this section is $25,000 
(that is, the greater of $25,000 or the amount of cash received in 
the transaction up to $100,000).
    (iii) Example 3.  Corporation M deliberately does not include 
$5,000 of dividends on a Form 1099-DIV (relating to payments of 
dividends) on which a total of $200,000 (including the $5,000 
dividends) is required to be reported under section 6042(a). Because 
the failure was deliberate, Corporation M's failure is due to 
intentional disregard of the requirement to include correct 
information. Accordingly, the amount of the penalty imposed under 
paragraph (a) is determined under paragraph (g)(4) of this section. 
Because the Form 1099-DIV is required to be filed under section 
6042(a), under paragraph (g)(4)(iv)(A) the amount of the penalty 
with respect to such failure is 10 percent of the aggregate dollar 
amount of the items that were required to be but that were not 
reported correctly. Under paragraph (g)(5) of this section, $5,000 
is the difference between the dollar amount reported and the amount 
required to be reported correctly. Therefore, the amount of the 
penalty is $500 ($5,000 x .10 = $500).
    (iv) Example 4.  Form 8027 requires certain large food and 
beverage establishments to report certain information with respect 
to tips. The form requires (among other things) that the 
establishment report its gross receipts from food and beverage 
operations. Establishment A, in intentional disregard of

[[Page 52740]]

the information reporting requirement, reported gross receipts of 
$1,000,000, when the correct amount was $1,500,000. The significance 
of the gross receipts reporting requirement is that section 
6053(c)(3)(A) requires an establishment to allocate as tips among 
its employees the excess of 8 percent of its gross receipts over the 
aggregate amount reported by employees to the establishment as tips 
under section 6053(a). A's misstatement of its gross receipts caused 
A to show $80,000 on the Form 8027 as 8 percent of its gross 
receipts, rather than the correct amount of $120,000. A correctly 
reported the amount of tips reported to it by employees under 
section 6053(a) as $80,000. Thus A reported the excess of 8 percent 
of its gross receipts over tips reported to it as zero, rather than 
as the correct amount of $40,000. The requirement of reporting gross 
receipts is considered merely a step in the computation of the 
excess of 8 percent of gross receipts over tips reported to A under 
section 6053(a), so that the penalty for intentional disregard will 
be $4,000 (that is, 10 percent of the difference between the $40,000 
required to be reported as the excess of 8 percent of gross receipts 
over tips reported under section 6053(a), and the zero amount 
actually reported).

    (h) Definitions--(1) Information return. For purposes of this 
section, the term ``information return'' has the same meaning as 
``information return'' as defined in section 6724(d)(1), including any 
statement described in paragraph (h)(2) of this section, any return 
described in paragraph (h)(3) of this section, and any other items 
described in paragraph (h)(4) of this section.
    (2) * * *
    (x) Section 408(i) (relating to reports with respect to individual 
retirement accounts or annuities on Form 1099-R, ``Distributions From 
Pensions, Annuities, Retirement or Profit-Sharing Plans, IRAs, 
Insurance Contracts, etc.'');
    (xi) Section 6047(d) (relating to reports by employers, plan 
administrators, etc., on Form 1099-R); or
    (xii) Section 6035 (relating to basis information with respect to 
property acquired from decedents, generally Form 8971, ``Information 
Regarding Beneficiaries Acquiring Property From a Decedent'' and the 
Schedule(s) A required to be filed along with it).
    (3) * * *
    (xvii) Section 1060(b) (relating to reporting requirements of 
transferors and transferees in certain asset acquisitions, generally 
reported on Form 8594, ``Asset Acquisition Statement''), or section 
1060(e) (relating to information required in the case of certain 
transfers of interests in entities);
    (xviii) Section 4101(d) (relating to information reporting with 
respect to fuel oils);
* * * * *
    (xxiv) Section 6055 (relating to information returns reporting 
minimum essential coverage);
    (xxv) Section 6056 (relating to information returns reporting on 
offers of health insurance coverage by applicable large employer 
members); or
    (xxvi) Section 6050Y (relating to returns relating to certain life 
insurance contract transactions).
    (4) Other items. The term information return also includes any 
form, statement, or schedule required to be filed with the Internal 
Revenue Service with respect to any amount from which tax is required 
to be deducted and withheld under chapter 3 of the Internal Revenue 
Code (or from which tax would be required to be so deducted and 
withheld but for an exemption under the Internal Revenue Code or any 
treaty obligation of the United States), generally Forms 1042-S, 
``Foreign Person's U.S. Source Income Subject to Withholding,'' and 
8805, ``Foreign Partner's Information Statement of Section 1446 
Withholding Tax.'' The provisions of this paragraph (h)(4) referring to 
Form 8805, shall apply to partnership taxable years beginning after May 
18, 2005, or such earlier time as the regulations under Sec. Sec.  
1.1446-1 through 1.1446-5 of this chapter apply by reason of an 
election under Sec.  1.1446-7 of this chapter.
* * * * *
    (6) Filer. For purposes of this section the term ``filer'' means a 
person that is required to file an information return as defined in 
paragraph (h)(1) of this section under the applicable information 
reporting section described in paragraphs (h)(2) through (4) of this 
section.
    (i) Adjustment for inflation. Each of the dollar amounts under 
paragraphs (a), (b), (f) (other than (f)(2)), and (g) of this section 
and paragraphs (a), (b), (d) (other than paragraph (2)(A)), and (e) of 
section 6721 shall be adjusted for inflation pursuant to section 
6721(f).
    (j) Applicability date. This section applies with respect to 
information returns required to be filed on or after January 1 of the 
calendar year immediately following the date of publication of a 
Treasury decision adopting these rules as final regulations in the 
Federal Register.
0
Par. 6. Section 301.6722-1 is amended by:
0
1. Revising paragraphs (a)(1), (a)(2)(ii), and (b)(2)(i).
0
2. In paragraphs (b)(2)(ii) and (iii), removing the comma at the end of 
each paragraph and adding a semicolon in its place.
0
3. Revising paragraph (b)(3) introductory text.
0
4. In paragraph (b)(3), designate Examples 1 and 2 as paragraphs 
(b)(3)(i) and (ii).
0
5. Revising paragraph (c)(1).
0
6. Redesignating paragraphs (c)(2)(i), (ii), and (iii) as paragraphs 
(c)(2)(ii), (iii), and (iv).
0
7. Adding a new paragraph (c)(2)(i).
0
8. Revising newly redesignated paragraphs (c)(2)(ii) and (iii).
0
9. Redesignating paragraphs (d) and (e) as paragraphs (e) and (g).
0
10. Adding a new paragraph (d).
0
11. Revising newly redesignated paragraphs (e)(1), (e)(2) introductory 
text, and (e)(2)(xxxiii) and (xxxiv).
0
12. Adding paragraphs (e)(2)(xxxv), (xxxvi), and (xxxvii), (e)(4), and 
(f).
0
13. Revising newly redesignated paragraph (g).
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  301.6722-1  Failure to furnish correct payee statements.

    (a) Imposition of penalty--(1) General rule. A penalty of $250 is 
imposed for each payee statement (as defined in section 6724(d)(2) and 
paragraph (e)(2) of this section) with respect to which a failure (as 
defined in section 6722(a) and paragraph (a)(2) of this section) 
occurs. No more than one penalty will be imposed under this paragraph 
(a) with respect to a single payee statement even though there may be 
more than one failure with respect to such statement. However, the 
penalty shall apply to failures on composite substitute payee 
statements as though each type of payment and other required 
information were furnished on separate statements. A ``composite 
substitute payee statement'' is a single document created by a filer to 
reflect several types of payments made to the same payee. The total 
amount imposed on any person for all failures during any calendar year 
with respect to all payee statements shall not exceed $3,000,000. See 
section 6722(e) and paragraph (c) of this section for higher penalties 
when a failure is due to intentional disregard of the requirement to 
furnish timely correct payee statements. See paragraph (d) of this 
section for a safe harbor exception for certain de minimis errors. See 
paragraph (f) of this section for inflation adjustments to penalty 
amounts. See Sec.  301.6724-1(a)(1) for a waiver of the penalty for a 
failure that is due to reasonable cause.
    (2) * * *
    (ii) A failure to include all of the information required to be 
shown on a payee statement or the inclusion of incorrect information 
(``failure to include correct information''). A failure to furnish 
timely includes a failure to

[[Page 52741]]

furnish a written statement to the payee in a statement mailing as 
required under sections 6042(c), 6044(e), 6049(c), and 6050N(b), as 
well as a failure to furnish the statement on a form acceptable to the 
Internal Revenue Service. Except as provided in paragraph (b) or (d) of 
this section, a failure to include correct information encompasses a 
failure to include the information required by applicable information 
reporting statutes or by any administrative pronouncements issued 
thereunder (such as regulations, revenue rulings, revenue procedures, 
or information reporting forms).
    (b) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (i) A dollar amount, except as provided in paragraph (d) of this 
section;
* * * * *
    (3) Examples. The provisions of this paragraph (b) may be 
illustrated by the following examples which do not take into account 
any possible application of the penalty for intentional disregard under 
paragraph (c) of this section, the safe harbor exception for certain de 
minimis errors under paragraph (d) of this section, or the reasonable 
cause waiver under Sec.  301.6724-1(a):
* * * * *
    (c) Higher penalty for intentional disregard of requirement to 
furnish timely correct payee statements--(1) Application of section 
6722(e). If a failure is due to intentional disregard of the 
requirement to furnish timely correct payee statements, the amount of 
the penalty shall be determined under paragraph (c)(2) of this section. 
Whether a failure is due to intentional disregard of the requirement to 
furnish timely correct payee statements is based upon the facts and 
circumstances surrounding the failure. The facts and circumstances 
considered include those under Sec.  301.6721-1(g)(3), which shall 
apply in determining whether a failure under this section is due to 
intentional disregard.
    (2) * * *
    (i) Paragraph (d) of this section shall not apply;
    (ii) The $3,000,000 limitation under paragraph (a) of this section 
shall not apply and the penalty under this paragraph (c)(2) shall not 
be taken into account in applying the $3,000,000 limitation to 
penalties not determined under this paragraph (c)(2);
    (iii) The penalty imposed under paragraph (a) of this section shall 
be $500 or, if greater, the statutory percentage; and
* * * * *
    (d) Safe harbor exception for certain de minimis errors--(1) In 
general. Except as provided in paragraphs (c) and (d)(3) of this 
section, the penalty under section 6722(a) and paragraph (a) of this 
section is not imposed for a failure described in section 6722(a)(2)(B) 
and paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section (failure to include correct 
information on payee statement) when the failure relates to an 
incorrect dollar amount and is a de minimis error. When this safe 
harbor applies to a payee statement and the payee statement was 
otherwise correct and timely furnished no correction is required and, 
for purposes of this section, the payee statement is treated as having 
been furnished with all of the correct required information.
    (2) Definition of de minimis error. For purposes of paragraph (d) 
of this section, an error in a dollar amount is de minimis if the 
difference between any single amount in error and the correct amount is 
not more than $100, and, if the difference is with respect to an amount 
of tax withheld, it is not more than $25. For purposes of this 
paragraph (d)(2), tax withheld includes any amount required to be shown 
on an information return or payee statement (as defined in section 
6724(d)(1) and (d)(2), respectively) withheld under section 3402, as 
well as any such amount that is creditable under sections 27, 31, 33, 
or 1474.
    (3) Election to override the safe harbor exception--(i) In general. 
Except as provided in paragraphs (d)(3)(vi) and (vii) of this section, 
the safe harbor exception provided for by this paragraph (d) does not 
apply to any payee statement if the person to whom the statement is 
required to be furnished (the payee) makes an election that the safe 
harbor not apply with respect to the statement.
    (ii) Timing of election. The payee must elect no later than the 
later of 30 days after the date on which the payee statement is 
required to be furnished to the payee, or October 15 of the calendar 
year, to receive a correct payee statement required to be furnished in 
that calendar year without having the safe harbor under paragraph 
(d)(1) of this section apply. The date of an election is the date the 
election is received by the filer. For purposes of this section, the 
provisions of section 7502 relating to timely mailing treated as timely 
delivery apply in determining the date an election is considered to be 
received by the filer, treating delivery to the filer as if the filer 
were an agency, officer, or office under such section. The election 
shall remain in effect for all subsequent years unless revoked under 
paragraph (d)(3)(vii) of this section.
    (iii) Manner for making the election. Except as provided in 
paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section, the payee must make the election 
by delivering the election in writing to the filer. Except as provided 
in paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section, the written election must be 
made in writing on paper. The payee may deliver the election in person, 
by mail by United States Postal Service, or by a designated delivery 
service as defined under section 7502(f)(2). If the filer has not 
otherwise provided an address under paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this 
section, the payee shall send the written election to the filer's 
address appearing on the payee statement furnished by the filer to the 
payee with respect to which the election is being made or as directed 
by that person upon appropriate inquiry by the payee. The written 
election must:
    (A) Clearly state that the payee is making the election;
    (B) Provide the payee's name, address, and taxpayer identification 
number (TIN) (as defined in section 7701(a)(41) of the Internal Revenue 
Code) to the filer;
    (C) If the payee wants the election to apply only to specific types 
of statements, identify the type of payee statement(s) and account 
number(s), if applicable, to which the election applies (for example, 
Form 1099-DIV, ``Dividends and Distributions''); and
    (D) Provide any other information required by the Internal Revenue 
Service in forms, instructions, or publications.
    (iv) Payee statements to which the election applies. An election by 
a payee under paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section applies to all types 
of payee statements the filer is required to furnish to the payee, 
unless the payee specifies otherwise on the election under paragraph 
(d)(3)(iii)(C) of this section.
    (v) Reasonable alternative manner for making the election in cases 
of notification by the filer--(A) In general. If the filer satisfies 
the requirements of paragraph (d)(3)(v)(B) of this section, and 
provides for a reasonable alternative manner as described in paragraph 
(d)(3)(v)(E) of this section, a payee may decide to make the election 
under paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section pursuant to that reasonable 
alternative manner.
    (B) Notification of payee of reasonable alternative manner for 
making election. The filer may elect to provide notification to the 
payee of a reasonable alternative manner to make the election under 
paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section, as described in paragraph 
(d)(3)(v)(E) of this section. To provide a valid notification under 
this paragraph

[[Page 52742]]

(d)(3)(v)(B), the filer must provide notification to the payee that:
    (1) Is in writing (either on paper or in electronic format);
    (2) Is timely provided to the payee under paragraph (d)(3)(v)(D) of 
this section;
    (3) Explains to the payee to whom that filer is required to furnish 
a payee statement of the payee's ability to elect, under paragraph 
(d)(3)(i) of this section, that the safe harbor exceptions for de 
minimis errors not apply, and of the payee's ability to choose to make 
the election using the default method under paragraph (d)(3)(iii) of 
this section;
    (4) Provides an address to which the payee may send an election 
under paragraphs (d)(3)(i) and (iii) of this section;
    (5) Provides any reasonable alternative manner or manners, as 
described in paragraph (d)(3)(v)(E) of this section, that the filer is 
making available for the payee to make the election under paragraph 
(d)(3)(i) of this section; and
    (6) Describes the information required for making the election 
described by paragraphs (d)(3)(iii)(A) through (D) of this section. 
Solely for purposes of the reasonable alternative manner, the 
notification may provide that some or all of the information described 
in paragraph (d)(3)(iii)(B) of this section is not required and may 
provide that the provision of an account number as referenced in 
paragraph (d)(3)(iii)(C) of this section is required if the payee 
decides to use the reasonable alternative manner for the election.
    (C) Notification of revocation procedures. A notification under 
this paragraph (d)(3)(v) may also provide the procedures for making a 
revocation of an election under paragraph (d)(3)(vii) of this section. 
Solely for purposes of the reasonable alternative manner, the 
notification may provide that some or all of the information described 
in paragraph (d)(3)(vii)(B) of this section is not required and may 
provide that the provision of an account number as referenced in 
paragraph (d)(3)(vii)(E) of this section is required if the payee 
decides to use a reasonable alternative manner for making a revocation.
    (D) Time for providing notification of reasonable alternative 
manner for making payee election. A notification under this paragraph 
(d)(3)(v) will be timely under paragraph (d)(3)(v)(B)(2) of this 
section if:
    (1) The notification is provided with, or at the time of, the 
furnishing of the payee statement; or
    (2) The filer previously provided a valid notification under 
paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section to the payee with, or at the time 
of, the furnishing of a payee statement associated with a particular 
account, in which case notification will be considered to have been 
timely provided with respect to subsequent payee statements associated 
with that particular account. If the filer wishes to provide for a 
different reasonable alternative manner than a previous reasonable 
alternative manner, the filer must provide new notification in 
compliance with the timeliness rule of paragraph (d)(3)(v)(D)(1) of 
this section, and must accept payee elections under the previous 
reasonable alternative manner for a period of at least 60 days after 
the receipt of the new notification by the payee.
    (E) Reasonable alternative manner. A reasonable alternative manner 
described in a notification under paragraph (d)(3)(v)(B) of this 
section may include that a payee election under paragraph (d)(3)(i) of 
this section may be made electronically (for example, via email or 
website) or telephonically. The reasonable alternative manner may not 
impose any prerequisite, condition, or time limitation on, or otherwise 
limit, the payee's ability to make an election under paragraph 
(d)(3)(iii) of this section, except as described in paragraphs 
(d)(3)(ii) and (iii) of this section; it may only offer a reasonable 
alternative manner or manners for making this election under this 
paragraph (d)(3)(v).
    (vi) Election not available for certain information. The election 
to override the safe harbor exception provided for by paragraph 
(d)(3)(i) of this section is not available with respect to information 
that may not be altered under specific information reporting rules. 
See, for example, Sec.  1.6045-4(i)(5) of this chapter.
    (vii) Revocation of election. The payee may revoke a prior election 
by submitting a revocation to the filer. The effect of a revocation of 
a prior election is that the safe harbor for certain de minimis errors 
will apply to the payee statements that the payee identifies and that 
are furnished or are due to be furnished after the revocation is 
received. The revocation will remain in effect until the payee makes a 
valid and timely election under paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section. 
The date of a revocation is the date the revocation is received by the 
filer. For purposes of this section, the provisions of section 7502 
relating to timely mailing treated as timely delivery apply in 
determining the date a revocation is considered to be received by the 
filer, treating delivery to the filer as if the filer were an agency, 
officer, or office under such section. The revocation must be made in 
the same manner or manners described for making the election, that is 
pursuant to either paragraph (d)(3)(iii) or (v) of this section, as the 
payee chooses if paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section is applicable. 
Except as provided under paragraph (d)(3)(v)(B)(6) of this section, the 
revocation must:
    (A) Clearly state that the payee is revoking the payee's prior 
election;
    (B) Provide the payee's name, address, and TIN to the filer;
    (C) Provide the name of the filer;
    (D) Identify the type of payee statement(s) (for example, Form 
1099-DIV) to which the revocation applies;
    (E) Identify the account number(s), if applicable, to which the 
revocation applies; and
    (F) Provide any other information required by the Internal Revenue 
Service in forms, instructions or publications.
    (viii) Reasonable cause. See Sec.  301.6724-1(h) for rules relating 
to waiver of the section 6722 penalty in cases where the safe harbor 
exception provided for by paragraph (d)(1) of this section does not 
apply because of an election under paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section.
    (4) Record retention. To facilitate proof of compliance with 
reporting and other obligations under the internal revenue laws, filers 
must retain records of any election or revocation by the payee under 
paragraph (d)(3)(i) or (vii) of this section, respectively, and any 
notification made under paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section for as long 
as the contents of the election, revocation, or notification may be 
material in the administration of any internal revenue law. For rules 
regarding record retention, see section 6001 and Sec.  1.6001-1 of this 
chapter. For additional procedures applicable to record retention in 
the context of electronic storage, see Rev. Proc. 97-22, 1997-1 C.B. 
652, Rev. Proc. 98-25, 1998-1 C.B. 689, and any subsequently published 
guidance.
    (5) Examples. The provisions of paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of 
this section may be illustrated by the following examples, which do not 
address any possible application of the penalty for intentional 
disregard under paragraph (c) of this section or the reasonable cause 
waiver under Sec.  301.6724-1(a):

    (i) Example 1.  (A) Filer W is required to file with the IRS by 
February 28, 2019, and furnish to Payee A by February 15, 2019, Form 
1099-B ``Proceeds From Broker and Barter Exchange Transactions,'' 
because Filer W is a broker who sold stocks on behalf of Payee A 
resulting in proceeds of $5000 during calendar year 2018. Filer W 
properly

[[Page 52743]]

withheld an amount of $1736 under applicable backup withholding 
rules because Payee A failed to furnish Payee A's TIN to Filer W. On 
the Form 1099-B, Filer W reports as follows: Box 1d, Proceeds, 
$4900; and Box 4, Federal income tax withheld, $1761. Filer W 
otherwise correctly and timely files and furnishes the Form 1099-B. 
Payee A does not make an election under paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this 
section.
    (B) The safe harbor exception for de minimis errors provided for 
by paragraph (d)(1) of this section applies, because the differences 
between each of the amounts reported in error and the correct 
amounts are not more than the applicable limits. The error in the 
dollar amount reported in Box 1d, Proceeds, is de minimis because 
the difference between the amount in error ($4900) and the correct 
amount ($5000) is not more than $100; it is exactly $100. The error 
in the dollar amount reported in Box 4, Federal income tax withheld, 
is de minimis because the $25 difference between the amount in error 
($1761) and the correct amount ($1736) is not more than $25, the 
limit for an error with respect to an amount reported for tax 
withheld.
    (ii) Example 2.  (A) The facts are the same as in Example 1 in 
paragraph (d)(5)(i) of this section, except that Filer W reports 
$1710 as the amount in Box 4, Federal income tax withheld.
    (B) The safe harbor exception for de minimis errors provided for 
by paragraph (d)(1) of this section does not apply because the Form 
1099-B contains a failure that is not a de minimis error. The 
difference between the amount in error ($1710) and the correct 
amount ($1736) is $26, which is more than the $25 limit for de 
minimis errors with respect to an amount reported for tax withheld.
    (iii) Example 3.  (A) In 2019, Filer X provides Payee B with 
valid notification of a reasonable alternative manner under 
paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section for making the payee election 
under paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section. Payee B timely elects 
pursuant to the reasonable alternative manner during 2019. Payee B 
elects with respect to all payee statements that Filer X is required 
to furnish to Payee B. In January 2020, Filer X decides to provide 
for a different, but also valid, reasonable alternative manner; 
Filer X provides notification of this different reasonable 
alternative manner to Payee B, and Payee B receives notification of 
this different reasonable alternative manner, pursuant to paragraph 
(d)(3)(v)(B) of this section, on January 16, 2020.
    (B) Payee B decides to revoke Payee B's prior election, with 
respect to the Forms 1099-DIV that Filer X is required to furnish to 
Payee B. Under paragraph (d)(3)(vii) of this section, Payee B may 
provide the revocation to Filer X in any of three different manners. 
First, Payee B may provide the revocation to Filer X in the same 
manner as if Payee B were making an election under the default 
manner of paragraph (d)(3)(iii) of this section; Payee B may do so 
at any time. Second, having received notification from Filer X of 
the different reasonable alternative manner on January 16, 2020, 
Payee B may provide the revocation to Filer X in the same manner as 
if Payee B were making an election under the different reasonable 
alternative manner pursuant to paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section. 
Third, because Filer X previously provided notification of a 
reasonable alternative manner (2019 alternative) before providing 
notification of a different reasonable alternative manner on January 
16, 2020, (2020 alternative), Payee B may provide the revocation to 
Filer X in the same manner as if Payee B were making an election 
under the previous reasonable alternative manner (2019 alternative); 
Payee B may do so for a period of 60 days after January 16, 2020, 
pursuant to paragraph (d)(3)(v)(D)(2) of this section.
    (e) Definitions--(1) Payee. See Sec.  301.6721-1(h)(5) for the 
definition of ``payee.''
    (2) Payee statement. For purposes of this section the term ``payee 
statement'' has the same meaning as payee statement as defined by 
section 6724(d)(2), including any statement required to be furnished 
under--
* * * * *
    (xxxiii) Section 6055 (relating to information returns reporting 
minimum essential coverage);
    (xxxiv) Section 6056 (relating to information returns reporting on 
offers of health insurance coverage by applicable large employer 
members);
    (xxxv) Section 6035, other than a statement described in section 
6724(d)(1)(D), (relating to basis information with respect to property 
acquired from decedents, generally Schedule A of Form 8971, 
``Information Regarding Beneficiaries Acquiring Property From a 
Decedent'');
    (xxxvi) Section 6050Y(a)(2), 6050Y(b)(2), or 6050Y(c)(2) (relating 
to certain life insurance contract transactions); or
    (xxxvii) Section 6226(a)(2) (regarding statements relating to 
alternative to payment of imputed underpayment by a partnership) or 
under any other provision of this title which provides for the 
application of rules similar to section 6226(a)(2).
* * * * *
    (4) Filer. For purposes of this section the term ``filer'' means a 
person that is required to furnish a payee statement as defined in 
paragraphs (e)(2) and (3) of this section under the applicable 
information reporting section described in paragraphs (e)(2) and (3) of 
this section.
    (f) Adjustment for inflation. Each of the dollar amounts under 
paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this section and paragraphs (a), (b), 
(d)(1), and (e) of section 6722 shall be adjusted for inflation 
pursuant to section 6722(f).
    (g) Applicability date. This section applies with respect to payee 
statements required to be furnished on or after January 1 of the 
calendar year immediately following the date of publication of a 
Treasury decision adopting these rules as final regulations in the 
Federal Register.
0
Par. 7. Section 301.6724-1 is amended by:
0
1. Revising paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2)(ii).
0
2. Designating the undesignated paragraph following paragraph 
(a)(2)(ii) as paragraph (a)(2)(iii) and revising newly designated 
paragraph (a)(2)(iii).
0
3. Revising paragraphs (b) introductory text and (b)(2)(i) and (ii).
0
4. Designating the undesignated paragraph following paragraph 
(b)(2)(ii) as paragraph (b)(3).
0
5. Revising paragraphs (c)(3)(ii), (e)(1) introductory text, (e)(1)(i), 
(e)(1)(vi)(E) and (F), (f)(1) introductory text, (f)(1)(i), (f)(5)(i) 
and (ii), (g), (h), (k), (m) introductory text, and (m)(1).
0
6. Adding paragraph (o).
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  301.6724-1   Reasonable cause.

    (a) Waiver of the penalty--(1) General rule. The penalty for a 
failure relating to an information reporting requirement as defined in 
paragraph (j) of this section is waived if the failure is due to 
reasonable cause and is not due to willful neglect.
    (2) * * *
    (ii) The failure arose from events beyond the filer's control 
(``impediment''), as described in paragraph (c) of this section.
    (iii) Moreover, the filer must establish that the filer acted in a 
responsible manner, as described in paragraph (d) of this section, both 
before and after the failure occurred. Thus, if the filer establishes 
that there are significant mitigating factors for a failure but is 
unable to establish that the filer acted in a responsible manner, the 
mitigating factors will not be sufficient to obtain a waiver of the 
penalty. Similarly, if the filer establishes that a failure arose from 
an impediment but is unable to establish that the filer acted in a 
responsible manner, the impediment will not be sufficient to obtain a 
waiver of the penalty. See paragraph (g) of this section for the 
reasonable cause safe harbor for persons who exercise due diligence. 
See paragraph (h) of this section for the reasonable cause safe harbor 
after an election under section 6722(c)(3)(B) and Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3).
    (b) Significant mitigating factors. In order to establish 
reasonable cause under this paragraph (b), the filer must satisfy 
paragraph (d) of this section and must show that there are significant

[[Page 52744]]

mitigating factors for the failure. See paragraph (c)(5) of this 
section for the application of this paragraph (b) to failures 
attributable to the actions of a filer's agent. The applicable 
mitigating factors include, but are not limited to--
* * * * *
    (2) * * *
    (i) Whether the filer has incurred any penalty under Sec.  
301.6721-1, Sec.  301.6722-1, or Sec.  301.6723-1 in prior years for 
the failure; and
    (ii) If the filer has incurred any such penalty in prior years, the 
extent of the filer's success in lessening its error rate from year to 
year.
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (ii) The cost of filing on magnetic media was prohibitive as 
determined at least 45 days before the due date of the returns (without 
regard to extensions);
* * * * *
    (e) Acting in a responsible manner--special rules for missing 
TINs--(1) In general. A filer that is seeking a waiver for reasonable 
cause under paragraph (c)(6) of this section will satisfy paragraph 
(d)(2) of this section with respect to establishing that a failure to 
include a TIN on an information return resulted from the failure of the 
payee to provide information to the filer (that is, a missing TIN) only 
if the filer makes the initial and, if required, the annual 
solicitations described in this paragraph (e) (``required 
solicitations''). For purposes of this section, a number is treated as 
a ``missing TIN'' if the number does not contain nine digits or 
includes one or more alpha characters (a character or symbol other than 
an Arabic numeral) as one of the nine digits. A solicitation means a 
request by the filer for the payee to furnish a correct TIN. See 
paragraph (f) of this section for the rules that a filer must follow to 
establish that the filer acted in a responsible manner with respect to 
providing incorrect TINs on information returns. See paragraph 
(e)(1)(vi)(A) of this section for alternative solicitation 
requirements. See paragraph (g) of this section for the safe harbor due 
diligence rules.
    (i) Initial solicitation. An initial solicitation for a payee's 
correct TIN must be made at the time an account is opened. The term 
``account'' includes accounts, relationships, and other transactions. 
However, a filer is not required to make an initial solicitation under 
this paragraph (e)(1)(i) with respect to a new account if the filer has 
the payee's TIN and uses that TIN for all accounts of the payee. For 
example, see Sec.  31.3406(h)-3(a) of this chapter. If the account is 
opened in person, the initial solicitation may be made by oral or 
written request, such as on an account creation document. If the 
account is opened by mail, telephone, or other electronic means, the 
TIN may be requested through such communications. If the account is 
opened by the payee's completing and mailing an application furnished 
by the filer that requests the payee's TIN, the initial solicitation 
requirement is considered met. If a TIN is not received as a result of 
an initial solicitation, the filer may be required to make additional 
solicitations (``annual solicitations'').
* * * * *
    (vi) * * *
    (E) A filer is not required to make annual solicitations by mail on 
accounts with respect to which the filer has an undeliverable address, 
that is, where other mailings to that address have been returned to the 
filer because the address was incorrect and no new address has been 
provided to the filer.
    (F) Except as provided in paragraphs (e)(1)(vi) (A) and (C) of this 
section, no more than two annual solicitations are required under this 
paragraph (e) in order for a filer to establish reasonable cause.
* * * * *
    (f) Acting in a responsible manner--special rules for incorrect 
TINs--(1) In general. A filer that is seeking a waiver for reasonable 
cause under paragraph (c)(6) of this section will satisfy paragraph 
(d)(2) of this section with respect to establishing that a failure 
resulted from incorrect information provided by the payee or any other 
person (that is, inclusion of an incorrect TIN) on an information 
return only if the filer makes the initial and annual solicitations 
described in this paragraph (f). See paragraph (e)(1) of this section 
for the definition of the term ``solicitation.'' See paragraph 
(f)(5)(i) of this section for alternative solicitation requirements. 
See paragraph (g) of this section for the safe harbor due diligence 
rules.
    (i) Initial solicitation. An initial solicitation for a payee's 
correct TIN must be made at the time the account is opened. The term 
``account'' includes accounts, relationships, and other transactions. 
However, a filer is not required to make an initial solicitation under 
this paragraph (f)(1)(i) with respect to a new account if the filer has 
the payee's TIN and uses that TIN for all accounts of the payee. For 
example, see Sec.  31.3406(h)-3(a) of this chapter. No additional 
solicitation is required after the filer receives the TIN unless the 
Internal Revenue Service or, in some cases, a broker notifies the filer 
that the TIN is incorrect. Following such notification the filer may be 
required to make an annual solicitation to obtain the correct TIN as 
provided in paragraphs (f)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this section.
* * * * *
    (5) Exceptions and limitations. (i) The solicitation requirements 
under this paragraph (f) do not apply to the extent that an information 
reporting provision under which a return, as defined in Sec.  301.6721-
1(h), is filed provides specific requirements relating to the manner or 
the time period in which a TIN must be solicited. In that event, the 
requirements of this paragraph (f) will be satisfied only if the filer 
complies with the manner and time period requirement under the specific 
information reporting provisions and this paragraph (f), to the extent 
applicable.
    (ii) An annual solicitation is not required to be made for a year 
under this paragraph (f) with respect to an account if no payments are 
made to the account for such year or if no return as defined in Sec.  
301.6721-1(h) is required to be filed for the account for such year.
* * * * *
    (g) Due diligence safe harbor--(1) In general. A filer may 
establish reasonable cause with respect to a failure relating to an 
information reporting requirement as described in paragraph (j) of this 
section if the filer exercises due diligence with respect to failures 
described in sections 6721 through 6723.
    (2) Special rules relating to TINs--(i) Questions and answers. The 
following questions and answers provide guidance on the exercise of due 
diligence for an exception to a penalty under sections 6721 through 
6723 for a failure to provide a correct TIN on any information return 
as defined in Sec.  301.6721-1(h), payee statement as defined in Sec.  
301.6722-1(e), document as described in Sec.  301.6723-1(a)(4), or the 
failure merely to provide a TIN as described in Sec.  301.6723-
1(a)(4)(ii).
    (ii) General rule--(A) Q-1. Is a filer subject to a penalty for a 
failure to provide a correct TIN on an information return with respect 
to a reportable interest or dividend payment if the payee has 
certified, under penalties of perjury, that the TIN furnished to the 
filer is the payee's correct number, the filer provided that number on 
an information return, and the number is later determined not to be the 
payee's correct number?
    (B) A-1. A filer is not subject to a penalty for failure to provide 
the payee's

[[Page 52745]]

correct TIN on an information return, if the payee has certified, under 
penalties of perjury, that the TIN provided to the filer was his 
correct number, and the filer included such number on the information 
return before being notified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) (or 
a broker) that the number is incorrect.
    (iii) Due Diligence Defined for Accounts Opened and Instruments 
Acquired After December 31, 1983--(A)(1) Q-2. In order for a filer of a 
reportable interest or dividend payment (other than in a window 
transaction) to be considered to have exercised due diligence in 
furnishing the correct TIN of a payee with respect to an account opened 
or an instrument acquired after December 31, 1983, what actions must 
the filer take?
    (2) A-2. (i) In general, the filer of an account or instrument that 
is not a pre-1984 account nor a window transaction must use a TIN 
provided by the payee under penalties of perjury on information returns 
filed with the IRS to satisfy the due diligence requirement. Therefore, 
if a filer permits a payee to open an account without obtaining the 
payee's TIN under penalties of perjury and files an information return 
with the IRS with a missing or an incorrect TIN, the filer will be 
liable for the $250 penalty for the year with respect to which such 
information return is filed. However, in its administrative discretion, 
the IRS will not enforce the penalty with respect to a calendar year if 
the certified TIN is obtained after the account is opened and before 
December 31 of such year, provided that the filer exercises due 
diligence in processing such number, that is, the filer uses the same 
care in processing the TIN provided by the payee that a reasonably 
prudent filer would use in the course of the filer's business in 
handling account information such as account numbers and balances.
    (ii) Once notified by the IRS (or a broker) that a number is 
incorrect, a filer is liable for the penalty for all prior years in 
which an information return was filed with that particular incorrect 
number if the filer has not exercised due diligence with respect to 
such years. A pre-existing certified TIN does not constitute an 
exercise of due diligence after the IRS or a broker notifies the filer 
that the number is incorrect unless the filer undertakes the actions 
described in Sec.  31.3406(d)-5(d)(2)(i) of this chapter with respect 
to accounts receiving reportable payments described in section 
3406(b)(1) and reported on information returns described in sections 
6724(d)(1)(A)(i) through (iv).
    (B)(1) Q-3. Is a filer as described in paragraph (g)(2)(iii)(A)(2) 
of this section liable for the penalty if the filer obtained a 
certified TIN from a payee but inadvertently processed the name or 
number incorrectly on the information return?
    (2) A-3. Yes. The filer is liable for the penalty unless the filer 
exercised that degree of care in processing the TIN and name and in 
furnishing it on the information return that a reasonably prudent filer 
would use in the course of the filer's business in handling account 
information, such as account numbers and account balances.
    (iv) Special rules. (A)(1) Q-4. With respect to an instrument 
transferred without the assistance of a broker, is a filer liable for 
the penalty for filing an information return with a missing or an 
incorrect TIN if the filer records on its books a transfer of a readily 
tradable instrument in a transaction in which the filer was not a 
party?
    (2) A-4. Generally, a filer as described in paragraph 
(g)(2)(iv)(A)(1) of this section will be considered to have exercised 
due diligence with respect to a readily tradable instrument that is not 
part of a pre-1984 account with the filer if the filer records on its 
books a transfer in which the filer was not a party. This exception 
applies until the calendar year in which the filer receives a certified 
TIN from the payee.
    (B)(1) Q-5. Is the filer described in paragraph (g)(2)(iv)(A)(2) of 
this section required to solicit the TIN of a payee of an account with 
a missing TIN in order to be considered as having exercised due 
diligence in a subsequent calendar year?
    (2) A-5. There is no requirement on the filer to solicit the TIN in 
order to be considered to have exercised due diligence in a subsequent 
calendar year under the rule set forth in paragraph (g)(2)(iv)(A)(2) of 
this section.
    (C)(1) Q-6. Is a filer as described in paragraph (g)(2)(iv)(A)(1) 
of this section considered to have exercised due diligence if the payee 
provides a TIN to the filer (whether or not certified), the filer uses 
that number on the information return filed for the payee, and the 
number is later determined to be incorrect?
    (2) A-6. A filer as described in paragraph (g)(2)(iv)(A)(1) of this 
section who records on its books a transfer in which it was not a party 
is considered to have exercised due diligence under the rule set forth 
in paragraph (g)(2)(iv)(A)(2) of this section where the transfer is 
accompanied with a TIN provided that the filer uses the same care in 
processing the TIN provided by a payee that a reasonably prudent filer 
would use in the course of the filer's business in handling account 
information, such as account numbers and account balances. Thus, a 
filer will not be liable for the penalty if the filer uses the TIN 
provided by the payee on information returns that it files, even if the 
TIN provided by the payee is later determined to be incorrect. However, 
a filer will not be considered as having exercised due diligence under 
paragraph (g)(2)(iv)(A)(2) of this section after the IRS or a broker 
notifies the filer that the number is incorrect unless the filer 
undertakes the required additional actions described in paragraph 
(g)(2)(iii)(A)(2)(ii) of this section.
    (D)(1) Q-7. Is a filer liable for a penalty for filing an 
information return with a missing or an incorrect TIN with respect to a 
post-1983 account or instrument if the filer could have met the due 
diligence requirements but for the fact that the filer incurred an 
undue hardship?
    (2) A-7. A filer of a post-1983 account or instrument is not liable 
for a penalty under section 6721(a) for filing an information return 
with a missing or an incorrect TIN if the IRS determines that the filer 
could have satisfied the due diligence requirements but for the fact 
that the filer incurred an undue hardship. An undue hardship is an 
extraordinary or unexpected event such as the destruction of records or 
place of business of the filer by fire or other casualty (or the place 
of business of the filer's agent who under a pre-existing written 
contract had agreed to fulfill the filer's due diligence obligations 
with respect to the account subject to the penalty and there was no 
means for the obligations to be performed by another agent or the 
filer). Undue hardship will also be found to exist if the filer could 
have met the due diligence requirements only by incurring an 
extraordinary cost.
    (E)(1) Q-8. How does a filer obtain a determination from the IRS 
that the filer has met the undue hardship exception to the penalty 
under section 6721(a) for the failure to include the correct TIN on an 
information return for the year with respect to which the filer is 
subject to the penalty?
    (2) A-8. A determination of undue hardship may be established only 
by submitting a written statement to the IRS signed under penalties of 
perjury that sets forth all the facts and circumstances that make an 
affirmative showing that the filer could have satisfied the due 
diligence requirements but for the occurrence of an undue hardship. 
Thus, the statement must describe the undue hardship and make an 
affirmative showing that the filer

[[Page 52746]]

either was in the process of exercising or stood ready to exercise due 
diligence when the undue hardship occurred. A filer may request an 
undue hardship determination by submitting a written statement to the 
address provided with the notice proposing penalty assessment (for 
example, Notice 972CG) or the notice of penalty assessment (for 
example, CP15 or CP215), or as otherwise directed by the Internal 
Revenue Service in forms, instructions or publications.
    (F)(1) Q-9. Is a pre-1984 account or instrument of a filer that is 
exchanged for an account or instrument of another filer as a result of 
a merger of the other filer or acquisition of the accounts or 
instruments of such filer transformed into a post-1983 account or 
instrument if the merger or acquisition occurs after December 31, 1983?
    (2) A-9. No. A pre-1984 account or instrument that is exchanged for 
another account or instrument pursuant to a statutory merger or the 
acquisition of accounts or instruments is not transformed into a post-
1983 account or instrument because the exchange occurs without the 
participation of the payee.
    (G)(1) Q-10. May the acquiring taxpayer described in paragraph 
(g)(2)(iv)(F)(2) of this section rely upon the business records and 
past procedures of the merged filer or the filer whose accounts or 
instruments were acquired in order to establish that due diligence has 
been exercised on the acquired pre-1984 and post-1983 accounts or 
instruments?
    (2) A-10. Yes. The acquiring filer may rely upon the business 
records and past procedures of the merged filer or of the filer whose 
accounts or instruments were acquired in order to establish due 
diligence to avoid the penalty under section 6721(a) with respect to 
information returns that have been or will be filed.
    (H)(1) Q-11. To what extent may a filer rely on the due diligence 
rules set forth in Sec. Sec.  35a.9999-1, 35a.9999-2, and 35a.9999-3 of 
this chapter in effect prior to January 1, 2001 (see Sec. Sec.  
35a.9999-1, 35a.9999-2, and 35a.9999-3 as contained in 26 CFR part 35a, 
revised April 1, 1999).
    (2) A-11. A filer may rely on the due diligence rules set forth in 
Sec. Sec.  35a.9999-1, 35a.9999-2, and 35a.9999-3 of this chapter in 
effect prior to January 1, 2001 (see Sec. Sec.  35a.9999-1, 35a.9999-2, 
and 35a.9999-3 as contained in 26 CFR part 35a, revised April 1, 1999) 
solely for the definitions of terms or phrases used in this paragraph 
(g)(2).
    (3) Effective dates. This paragraph (g) is effective for 
information returns as defined in section 6724(d)(1) required to be 
filed, payee statements as defined in section 6724(d)(2) required to be 
furnished, and specified information as described in section 6724(d)(3) 
required to be reported on or after January 1 of the calendar year 
immediately following the date of publication of a Treasury decision 
adopting these rules as final regulations in the Federal Register. See 
Sec.  301.6724-1(g) in effect prior to January 1 of the calendar year 
immediately following the date of publication of a Treasury decision 
adopting these rules as final regulations in the Federal Register for 
substantially similar rules applicable prior to January 1 of the 
calendar year immediately following the date of publication of a 
Treasury decision adopting these rules as final regulations in the 
Federal Register.
    (h) Reasonable cause safe harbor after election under section 
6722(c)(3)(B). A filer may establish reasonable cause with respect to a 
failure relating to an information reporting requirement as described 
in paragraph (j) of this section under this paragraph (h) if the 
failure is a result of an election under Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(i) and 
the presence of a de minimis error or errors as described in sections 
6721(c)(3) and 6722(c)(3) and Sec. Sec.  301.6721-1(e) and 301.6722-
1(d) on a filed information return or furnished payee statement. This 
paragraph (h) applies only when the safe harbor exceptions provided for 
by Sec.  301.6721-1(e)(1) or Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(1) would have applied, 
but for an election under Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(i). To establish 
reasonable cause and not willful neglect under this paragraph (h), the 
filer must file a corrected information return or furnish a corrected 
payee statement, or both, as applicable, within 30 days of the date of 
the election under Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(3)(i). Where specific rules 
provide for additional time in which to furnish a corrected payee 
statement and file a corrected information return, the 30-day rule does 
not apply and the specific rules will apply. See for example Sec. Sec.  
31.6051-1(c) through (d) and 31.6051-2(b). If the filer rectifies the 
failure outside of this 30-day period, the determination of reasonable 
cause will be on a case-by-case basis.
* * * * *
    (k) Examples. The provisions of this section may be illustrated by 
the following examples:

    (1) Example 1.  (i) On August 1, 2015, Individual A, an 
independent contractor, establishes a relationship (``an account'') 
with Institution L, which pays A amounts reportable under section 
6041. When A opens the account L requests that A supply his TIN on 
the account creation document. A fails to provide his TIN. On 
October 1, 2015, L mails a solicitation for A's TIN that satisfies 
the requirement of paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this section. A does not 
provide a TIN to L during 2015. L timely files an information return 
subject to section 6721, that does not contain A's TIN, for payments 
made during the 2015 calendar year with respect to A's account. A 
penalty is imposed on L pursuant to Sec.  301.6721-1(a)(2) for L's 
failure to file a correct information return because A's TIN was not 
shown on the return. The penalty will be waived, however, if L 
establishes that the failure was due to reasonable cause as defined 
in this section.
    (ii) To establish reasonable cause under this section, L must 
satisfy both paragraphs (c)(6) and (d) of this section. The criteria 
for obtaining a waiver under these paragraphs are as follows:
    (A) L acted in a responsible manner in attempting to satisfy the 
information reporting requirement as described in paragraph (d) of 
this section; and
    (B) L demonstrates that the failure arose from events beyond L's 
control, as described in paragraph (c)(6) of this section.
    (iii) Pursuant to paragraph (d)(2) of this section, L may 
demonstrate that it acted in a responsible manner only by complying 
with paragraph (e) of this section. Paragraph (e) of this section 
requires a filer to request a TIN at the time the account is opened 
(the initial solicitation) and, if the filer does not receive the 
TIN at that time, to solicit the TIN on or before December 31 of the 
year the account is opened (for accounts opened before December) or 
January 31 of the following year (for accounts in the preceding 
December) (the annual solicitation). Because L has performed these 
solicitations within the time and in the manner prescribed by 
paragraph (e) of this section, L has acted in a responsible manner 
as described in paragraph (d) of this section. L satisfies paragraph 
(c)(6) of this section because under the facts, L can show that the 
failure was caused by A's failure to provide a TIN, an event beyond 
L's control. As a result, L has established reasonable cause under 
paragraph (a)(2) of this section. Therefore, the penalty imposed 
under Sec.  301.6721-1(a)(2) for the failure on the 2015 information 
return is waived. See section 3406(a)(1)(A) which requires L to 
impose backup withholding on reportable payments to A if L has not 
received A's TIN.
    (2) Example 2.  (i) On August 1, 2015, Individual B opens an 
account with Bank M, which pays B interest reportable under section 
6049. When B opens the account, M requests that B supply his TIN on 
the account creation document. B provides his TIN to M. On February 
29, 2016, M includes the TIN that B provided on the Form 1099-INT 
for the 2015 calendar year. In October 2016 the Internal Revenue 
Service, pursuant to section 3406(a)(1)(B), notifies M that the 2015 
return filed for B contains an incorrect TIN. In April 2017 a 
penalty is imposed on M pursuant to Sec.  301.6721-1(a)(2) for M's 
failure to file a correct information return for the 2015 calendar 
year, that is, the return did not contain B's correct TIN. The 
penalty will be waived, however, if M establishes that the failure 
was due to reasonable cause as defined in this section.

[[Page 52747]]

    (ii) To establish reasonable cause under this section, M must 
satisfy the criteria in both paragraphs (c)(6) and (d) of this 
section. Pursuant to paragraph (d)(2) of this section, M can 
demonstrate that it acted in a responsible manner only if M complies 
with paragraph (f) of this section. Paragraph (f) of this section 
requires a filer to request a TIN at the time the account is opened, 
an initial solicitation. Under paragraph (f)(4) of this section the 
initial solicitation relates to failures on returns filed for the 
year an account is opened. Because M performed the initial 
solicitation in 2015 in the time and manner prescribed in paragraph 
(f)(1)(i) of this section and reflected the TIN received from B on 
the 2015 return as required by paragraph (f)(1)(iv) of this section, 
M has acted in a responsible manner as described in paragraph (d) of 
this section. M satisfies paragraph (c)(6) of this section because, 
under the facts, M can show that the failure was caused by B's 
failure to provide a correct TIN, an event beyond M's control. As a 
result, M has established reasonable cause under paragraph (a)(2) of 
this section. Therefore, the penalty imposed under Sec.  301.6721-
1(a)(2) for the failure on the 2015 information return is waived. 
See section 3406(a)(1)(B) which requires M to impose backup 
withholding on reportable payments to B if M has not received B's 
correct TIN.
    (3) Example 3.--(i) Table.

                                         Table 1 to Paragraph (k)(3)(i)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 2015                           2/2016                  10/2016                   2/2017
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Account opened (solicits TIN)........  2015 return............  B-notice w/respect to    2016 return filed.
                                                                 2015 return.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


 
                4/2017                         10/2017                   2/2018                   4/2018
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6721 penalty notice for 2015 return..  B-notice w/respect to    2017 return filed......  6721 penalty notice for
                                        2016 return.                                      2016.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) The facts are the same as in Example 2 in paragraph (k)(2) 
of this section. Under Sec.  31.3406(d)-5(d)(2)(i) of this chapter 
and paragraph (f)(3) of this section, within 15 days of the October 
2016 notification of the incorrect TIN from the Internal Revenue 
Service, M solicits the correct TIN from B. B fails to respond. M 
timely files the return for 2016 with respect to the account setting 
forth B's incorrect TIN. In October 2017 the Internal Revenue 
Service notifies M pursuant to section 3406(a)(1)(B) that the 2016 
return contains an incorrect TIN. In April 2018, a penalty is 
imposed on M pursuant to Sec.  301.6721-1(a)(2) for M's failure to 
include B's correct TIN on the return for 2016. The penalty will be 
waived, if M establishes that the failure was due to reasonable 
cause as defined in this section.
    (iii) M must satisfy the reasonable cause criteria in paragraphs 
(c)(6) and (d) of this section. M may demonstrate that it acted in a 
responsible manner as required under paragraph (d) of this section 
only by complying with paragraph (f) of this section. Paragraph (f) 
of this section requires a filer to make an initial solicitation for 
a TIN when an account is opened. Further, a filer must make an 
annual solicitation for a TIN by mail within 15 business days after 
the date that the Internal Revenue Service notifies the filer of an 
incorrect TIN pursuant to section 3406(a)(1)(B). M made the initial 
solicitation for the TIN in 2015 and, after being notified of the 
incorrect TIN in October 2016, the first annual solicitation within 
the time and manner prescribed by Sec.  31.3406(d)-5(d)(2)(i) of 
this chapter and paragraphs (f)(1)(ii) and (f)(2) of this section. M 
acted in a responsible manner. M satisfies paragraph (c)(6) of this 
section because, under the facts, M can show that the failure was 
caused by B's failure to provide his correct TIN, an event beyond 
M's control. As a result M has established reasonable cause under 
paragraph (a)(2) of this section. Therefore, the penalty imposed 
under Sec.  301.6721-1(a)(2) for the failure on the 2016 return is 
waived due to reasonable cause.
    (4) Example 4.--(i) Table.

                                         Table 2 to Paragraph (k)(2)(i)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 2015                           2/2016                  10/2016                   2/2017
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Account opened (solicits TIN)........  2015 return filed......  B-notice w/respect to    2016 return filed.
                                                                 2015 return.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


 
                4/2017                         10/2017                   2/2018                   4/2018
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6721 penalty notice for 2015 return..  B-notice w/respect to    2017 return filed......  6721 penalty notice for
                                        2016 return.                                      2016 return.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) The facts are the same as in Example 3 in paragraph (k)(3) 
of this section. M timely solicits B's TIN in October 2017, which B 
fails to provide. M files the return for 2017 with the incorrect 
TIN. In April 2019 the Internal Revenue Service informs M that the 
2017 return contains an incorrect TIN. M does not solicit a TIN from 
B in 2018 and files a return for 2018 with B's incorrect TIN. M 
seeks a waiver of the penalty under Sec.  301.6721-1(a)(2) for 
reasonable cause. M must satisfy the reasonable cause criteria in 
paragraphs (c)(6) and (d) of this section. Because M made the 
initial and two annual solicitations as required by paragraph (f) of 
this section, M has demonstrated that it acted in a responsible 
manner and is not required to solicit B's TIN in 2018. See paragraph 
(f)(5)(iv) of this section. M satisfies paragraph (c)(6) of this 
section because, under the facts, M can show that the failure was 
caused by B's failure to provide his correct TIN, an event beyond 
M's control. Therefore, M has established reasonable cause under 
paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
    (5) Example 5.  In 2016, Mortgage Finance Company N lends money 
to C to purchase property in a transaction subject to reporting 
under section 6050H and to section 6721. As part of the transaction, 
C gives N a promissory note providing for repayment of principal and 
the payment of interest. At the time C incurs the obligation N 
requests C's TIN, as required under Sec.  1.6050H-2(f) of this 
chapter. C fails to provide the TIN as required by Sec.  1.6050H-
2(f) of this chapter. N sends solicitations by mail in 2016 and 2017 
for the missing TIN, which C fails to provide. However, for 2018 M 
fails to send the solicitation required by Sec.  1.6050H-2(f) of 
this chapter. N files returns for the 2016, 2017, and 2018 calendar 
years pursuant to section 6050H without C's TIN. Although N made the 
initial and the first annual solicitations in 2016 and the second 
annual solicitation in 2017, N did not solicit the TIN in 2018 as 
required under section 6050H, which requires continued annual 
solicitations until the TIN is obtained. Therefore, under paragraph 
(e)(1)(vi)(A) of this section the penalty imposed under Sec.  
301.6721-1(a) for the 2018 information return is not waived.
    (6) Example 6.--(i) Table.

[[Page 52748]]



                                         Table 3 to Paragraph (k)(6)(i)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
               10/2015                          2/2016                  10/2016                   2/2017
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Account opened (solicits TIN)........  2015 return filed......  B-notice w/respect to    2016 return filed.
                                                                 2015 return.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


 
                4/2017                         10/2017                  02/2018                   4/2018
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6721 penalty notice for 2015 return..  B-notice w/respect to    2017 return filed......  6721 penalty notice for
                                        2016 return.                                      2016 return.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) On October 1, 2015, Individual E opens an account with 
Institution R, which pays E amounts reportable under section 6049. 
When E opens the account, R requests that E supply his TIN on an 
account creation document, which E does. Pursuant to paragraph 
(f)(1)(iv) of this section, R uses the TIN furnished by E on the 
information return filed for the 2015 calendar year. In October 2016 
the Internal Revenue Service notifies R pursuant to section 
3406(a)(1)(B) that the information return filed for E for the 2015 
calendar year contained an incorrect TIN. At the time R receives 
this notification, E's account contains the incorrect TIN. On 
December 31, 2016, R telephones E pursuant to paragraphs (f)(2) and 
(e)(2)(ii) of this section and receives different TIN information 
from E. R uses this information on the return that it files timely 
for E for the 2016 calendar year, that is, in February 2017.
    (iii) In April 2017, the Internal Revenue Service notifies R 
pursuant to Sec.  301.6721-1(a)(2) that the information return filed 
for the 2015 calendar year contains an incorrect TIN. The penalty 
will be waived, however, if R establishes the failure was due to 
reasonable cause as defined in this section.
    (iv) To establish reasonable cause under this section, R must 
satisfy the criteria in both paragraphs (c)(6) and (d)(2) of this 
section. Pursuant to paragraph (d)(2) of this section, R can 
demonstrate that it acted in a responsible manner only if it 
complies with paragraph (f) of this section. R solicited E's TIN at 
the time the account was opened (initial solicitation). Under 
paragraphs (d)(2) and (f)(4) of this section, the initial 
solicitation relates to failures on returns filed for the year in 
which an account is opened (that is, 2015) and for subsequent years 
until the calendar year in which the filer receives a notification 
of an incorrect TIN pursuant to section 3406. Because E failed to 
provide the correct TIN upon request, the failure arose from events 
beyond R's control as described in paragraph (c)(6) of this section. 
Therefore, the penalty with respect to the failure on the 2015 
calendar year information return is waived due to reasonable cause.
    (7) Example 7.  (i) The facts are the same as in Example 6 in 
paragraph (k)(6) of this section. In April 2018 the Internal Revenue 
Service notifies R pursuant to Sec.  301.6721-1(a)(2) that the 
information return filed for the 2016 calendar year for E contained 
an incorrect TIN.
    (ii) To establish reasonable cause for the failure under this 
section, R must satisfy the criteria in both paragraphs (c)(6) and 
(d)(2) of this section. Pursuant to paragraph (d)(2) of this section 
R may establish that it acted in a responsible manner only by 
complying with paragraph (f) of this section. Pursuant to paragraph 
(f)(1)(ii) of this section, R must make an annual solicitation after 
being notified of an incorrect TIN if the payee's account contains 
the incorrect TIN at the time of the notification. Paragraph (f)(3) 
of this section provides that if the filer is notified pursuant to 
section 3406(a)(1)(B) the time and manner of making an annual 
solicitation is that required under Sec.  31.3406(d)-5(g)(1)(ii) of 
this chapter. Section 31.3406(d)-5(g)(1)(ii) of this chapter 
requires R to notify E by mail within 15 business days after the 
date of the notice from the Internal Revenue Service, which R failed 
to do. As a result, R has failed to act in a responsible manner with 
respect to the failure on the 2016 information return, and the 
penalty will not be waived due to reasonable cause.
    (8) Example 8.  (i) On January 31, 2017, Institution Q timely 
furnishes Form 1099-MISC to Individual F. Also on January 31, 2017, 
Q timely files a corresponding Form 1099-MISC with the Internal 
Revenue Service. On March 15, 2017, Q becomes aware of de minimis 
errors (within the meaning of Sec.  301.6722-1(d)(2)) made on the 
Form 1099-MISC furnished to F and filed with the Internal Revenue 
Service. On March 20, 2017, F makes an election under Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(i) with respect to the Form 1099-MISC that Q 
furnished to F. Q furnishes a corrected Form 1099-MISC to F and 
files a corrected Form 1099-MISC with the Internal Revenue Service 
by April 19, 2017, which date is 30 days from March 20, 2017.
    (ii) The election by F and the presence of de minimis errors on 
the Forms 1099-MISC make the penalties under sections 6721 and 6722 
applicable to Q. See Sec. Sec.  301.6721-1(e)(3) and 301.6722-
1(d)(3). Q, however, rectified the failures within 30 days of March 
20, 2017, the date F made the election under Sec.  301.6722-
1(d)(3)(i) with respect to the Form 1099-MISC that Q furnished to F. 
Therefore, under paragraph (h) of this section, Q is considered to 
have established reasonable cause, and under section 6724 and 
paragraph (a)(1) of this section the penalties under sections 6721 
and 6722 are inapplicable.
    (9) Example 9.  (i) The facts are the same as in Example 8 in 
paragraph (k)(8) of this section, except that Q does not become 
aware of de minimis errors made on the Form 1099-MISC furnished to F 
and filed with the Internal Revenue Service until June 28, 2017. 
Additionally, Q furnishes the corrected Form 1099-MISC to F and 
files the corrected Form 1099-MISC with the Internal Revenue Service 
after June 28, 2017, but by July 28, 2017, which date is 30 days 
from June 28, 2017.
    (ii) As in the example in paragraph (k)(9)(i), the election by F 
and the presence of de minimis errors on the Forms 1099-MISC make 
the penalties under sections 6721 and 6722 applicable to Q. 
Additionally, because Q did not furnish a corrected Form 1099-MISC 
to F and file a corrected Form 1099-MISC with the Internal Revenue 
Service within 30 days of the date of F's election under Sec.  
301.6722-1(d)(3)(i), paragraph (h) of this section does not apply. 
However, Q may be able to demonstrate reasonable cause under the 
provisions of paragraph (a) of this paragraph. As part of this 
demonstration, for example, Q may be able to demonstrate that Q 
acted in a responsible manner under paragraph (d)(1) of this section 
by rectifying the failure (the de minimis errors) within 30 days of 
discovery.
* * * * *
    (m) Procedure for seeking a waiver. In seeking an administrative 
determination that the failure was due to reasonable cause and not 
willful neglect, the filer must submit a written statement to the 
address provided with the notice proposing penalty assessment (for 
example, Notice 972CG) or the notice of penalty assessment (for 
example, CP15 or CP215), or as otherwise directed by the Internal 
Revenue Service in forms, instructions or publications. The statement 
must--
    (1) State the specific provision under which the waiver is being 
requested, that is, paragraph (b) or under paragraphs (c)(2) through 
(6) or paragraph (h);
* * * * *
    (o) Applicability date. In general, this section applies with 
respect to information returns required to be filed and payee 
statements required to be furnished on or after January 1 of the 
calendar year immediately following the date of publication of a 
Treasury decision adopting these rules as final regulations in the 
Federal Register. See paragraph (g)(3) of this section for effective 
dates applicable to paragraph (g) of this section. Paragraph (h) of 
this section applies with respect to information returns required to be 
filed and payee statements required to be furnished on or after January 
1, 2017. See I.R.C. section 7805(b)(1)(C) and

[[Page 52749]]

section 4 of Notice 2017-09, IRB-2017-4 (January 23, 2017).

 Kirsten Wielobob,
Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2018-22393 Filed 10-12-18; 4:15 pm]
 BILLING CODE 4830-01-P