[Federal Register Volume 83, Number 61 (Thursday, March 29, 2018)]
[Notices]
[Pages 13517-13519]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2018-06293]


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INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION

[Investigation No. 337-TA-1016]


Certain Access Control Systems and Components Thereof; Notice of 
the Commission's Final Determination Finding a Violation of Section 
337; Issuance of Limited Exclusion Order and Cease and Desist Orders; 
Termination of the Investigation

AGENCY: U.S. International Trade Commission.

ACTION: Notice.

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SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given that the U.S. International Trade 
Commission has found a violation of section 337 in this investigation 
and has issued a limited exclusion order prohibiting importation of 
infringing access control systems and components thereof and issued 
cease and desist orders directed to the following respondents: 
Techtronic Industries Company Ltd. of Tsuen Wan, Hong Kong (``TTi 
HK''); Techtronic Industries North America Inc. of Hunt Valley, 
Maryland (``TTi NA''); One World Technologies, Inc. of Anderson, South 
Carolina (``One World''); and OWT Industries, Inc. of Pickens, South 
Carolina (``OWT''). The investigation is terminated.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Panyin A. Hughes, Office of the 
General Counsel, U.S. International Trade Commission, 500 E Street SW, 
Washington, DC 20436, telephone 202-205-3042. Copies of non-
confidential documents filed in connection with this investigation are 
or will be available for inspection during official business hours 
(8:45 a.m. to 5:15 p.m.) in the Office of the Secretary, U.S. 
International Trade Commission, 500 E Street SW, Washington, DC 20436, 
telephone 202-205-2000. General information concerning the Commission 
may also be obtained by accessing its internet server (https://www.usitc.gov). The public record for this investigation

[[Page 13518]]

may be viewed on the Commission's electronic docket (EDIS) at https://edis.usitc.gov. Hearing-impaired persons are advised that information 
on this matter can be obtained by contacting the Commission's TDD 
terminal on 202-205-1810.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Commission instituted this investigation 
on August 9, 2016, based on a complaint filed by The Chamberlain Group, 
Inc. of Elmhurst, Illinois (``Chamberlain'' or ``CGI''). 81 FR 52713 
(Aug. 9, 2016). The complaint alleges violations of section 337 of the 
Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. 1337), in the importation 
into the United States, the sale for importation, and the sale within 
the United States after importation of certain access control systems 
and components thereof by reason of infringement of one or more of 
claims 1, 10-12, and 18-25 of U.S. Patent No. 7,196,611 (``the '611 
patent''); claims 1-4, 7-12, 15, and 16 of the '319 patent; and claims 
7, 11-13, 15-23, and 34-36 of the '336 patent. Id. The notice of 
investigation named the following respondents: TTi HK; TTi NA; One 
World; OWT; ET Technology (Wuxi) Co., Ltd. of Zhejiang, China 
(collectively, ``Respondents''); and Ryobi Technologies Inc. of 
Anderson, South Carolina (``Ryobi''). Id. The Office of Unfair Import 
Investigations is not a party to the investigation.
    On October 27, 2016, the Commission determined not to review the 
ALJ's order (Order No. 4) granting a motion to amend the Notice of 
Investigation to include the following two additional respondents: 
Techtronic Trading Limited of Kwai Chung, Hong Kong; and Techtronic 
Industries Factory Outlets Inc., d/b/a Direct Tools Factory Outlet of 
Anderson, South Carolina (collectively, ``Techtronic''). See Order No. 
4, Comm'n Notice of Non-Review (Oct. 27, 2016).
    On November 7, 2016, the Commission determined not to review the 
ALJ's order (Order No. 6) terminating the investigation as to Ryobi. 
See Order No. 6, Comm'n Notice of Non-Review (Nov. 7, 2016).
    On March 15, 2017, the Commission determined not to review the 
ALJ's order (Order No. 15) granting a motion to terminate the 
investigation as to Techtronic. Order No. 15, Comm'n Notice of Non-
Review (Mar. 15, 2017).
    On March 20, 2017, the Commission determined not to review the 
ALJ's order (Order No. 18) granting a motion to terminate the 
investigation as to claims 10, 19-20, and 22 of the '611 patent and 
claims 7, 11-13, 15-18, 35, and 36 of the '336 patent. Order No. 18; 
Comm'n Notice of Non-Review (Mar. 20, 2017).
    On March 27, 2017, the ALJ issued Order No. 23 granting 
Respondents' motion for summary determination of non-infringement of 
the asserted claims of the '319 patent, stemming from the ALJ's 
construction of the claim term ``wall console'' to mean ``a wall-
mounted control unit including a passive infrared detector.'' See Order 
No. 13 (Markman Order at 80).
    The ALJ held an evidentiary hearing from May 1, 2017 through May 3, 
2017, on issues solely relating to the '336 patent.
    On May 3, the Commission determined to review Order No. 23 that 
granted Respondents' motion for summary determination of non-
infringement of the '319 patent. On review, the Commission determined 
to construe ``wall console'' as a ``wall-mounted control unit,'' 
vacated Order No. 23, and remanded the investigation as to the '319 
patent to the ALJ for further proceedings. See Comm'n Op. (May 5, 2017) 
at 1-2.
    On May 31, 2017, the Commission determined not to review the ALJ's 
order (Order No. 28) granting a motion to terminate the investigation 
as to all of the pending claims of the '611 patent. Order No. 28; 
Comm'n Notice of Non-Review (May 31, 2017).
    The ALJ held a second evidentiary hearing from July 12, 2017, 
through July 13, 2017, on issues relating to the '319 patent.
    On November 9, 2017, the Commission determined not to review the 
ALJ's order (Order No. 36) granting a motion to terminate the 
investigation as to certain accused products and claims 19-23 of the 
'336 patent. Order No. 36; Comm'n Notice of Non-Review (Nov. 9, 2017).
    On October 23, 2017, the ALJ issued his final ID, finding a 
violation of section 337 by Respondents in connection with claims 1-4, 
7-12, 15, and 16 of the '319 patent. Specifically, the ALJ found that 
the Commission has subject matter jurisdiction, in rem jurisdiction 
over the accused products, and in personam jurisdiction over 
Respondents. ID at 24-26. The ALJ also found that Chamberlain satisfied 
the importation requirement of section 337 (19 U.S.C. 1337(a)(1)(B)). 
Id. The ALJ further found that the accused products directly infringe 
asserted claims 1-4, 7-12, 15, and 16 of the '319 patent, and that 
Respondents induce infringement of those claims. See ID at 130-141, 
144. The ALJ also found that Respondents failed to establish that the 
asserted claims of the '319 patent are invalid for obviousness. ID at 
151-212. With respect to the '336 patent, the ALJ found that 
Respondents do not directly or indirectly infringe asserted claim 34 
and that claim 34 is not invalid as obvious. ID at 72-74, 105-119. The 
ALJ further found that claims 15, 19, and 34 of the '336 patent are 
invalid under 35 U.S.C. 101 for reciting unpatentable subject matter 
and that claim 15 is invalid for anticipation but that claims 12, 14, 
and 19 have not been shown invalid for anticipation. ID at 74-103. 
Finally, the ALJ found that Chamberlain established the existence of a 
domestic industry that practices the asserted patents under 19 U.S.C. 
1337(a)(2). See ID at 257-261, 288-294.
    Also on October 23, 2017, the ALJ issued his recommended 
determination on remedy and bonding. Recommended Determination on 
Remedy and Bonding (``RD''). The ALJ recommends that in the event the 
Commission finds a violation of section 337, the Commission should 
issue a limited exclusion order prohibiting the importation of 
Respondents' accused products and components thereof that infringe the 
asserted claims of the '319 patent. RD at 2. The ALJ also recommends 
issuance of cease and desist orders against respondents Techtronic 
Industries Company Ltd., Techtronic Industries North America Inc., One 
World Technologies, Inc., and OWT Industries, Inc. based on the 
presence of commercially significant inventory in the United States. RD 
at 5. With respect to the amount of bond that should be posted during 
the period of Presidential review, the ALJ recommends that the 
Commission set a bond in the amount of zero (i.e., no bond) during the 
period of Presidential review. RD at 6-7.
    On November 6, 2017, Respondents filed a petition for review as to 
the '319 patent and a contingent petition for review as to the '336 
patent. See Respondents' Petition for Review. Also on November 6, 2017, 
Chamberlain filed a petition for review of the ID, primarily 
challenging the ALJ's findings of no violation of section 337 as it 
pertains to the '336 patent. See Complainant's Petition for Review of 
Initial Determination on Violation of Section 337.
    On November 14, 2017, Chamberlain and Respondents filed their 
respective responses to the petitions for review. See Complainant's 
Response to Respondents' Petition for Review of Initial Determination 
on Violation of Section 337; Respondents' Response to Complainant's 
Petition for Review.
    On December 22, 2017, the Commission determined to review the final 
ID in part. 82 FR 61792-94 (Dec. 29, 2017). Specifically, for the '319

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patent the Commission determined to review (1) the ID's finding that a 
combination of prior art references Doppelt, Jacobs, and Gilbert fail 
to render the asserted claims obvious; and (2) the ID's finding that a 
combination of prior art references Matsuoka, Doppelt, and Eckel fail 
to render the asserted claims obvious. For the '336 patent the 
Commission determined to review (1) the ID's finding that claim 34 
recites ineligible patent subject matter under 35 U.S.C. 101; and (2) 
the ID's finding that Pruessel, either alone or in combination with 
Koestler, fails to render claim 34 obvious. The Commission requested 
the parties to brief certain issues. Id. On January 5, 2018, the 
parties filed submissions to the Commission's question and on remedy, 
the public interest, and bonding. See Complainant's Response to Request 
for Written Submissions Regarding Issues Under Review; Respondents' 
Response to Request for Written Submissions Regarding Issues Under 
Review. On January 12, 2018, the parties filed reply submissions. See 
Complainant's Reply to Respondents' Submission Addressing the 
Commission's December 22, 2017 Notice; Respondents' Reply to 
Complainant's Submission Regarding Issues Under Review.
    Having examined the record of this investigation, including the 
final ID, and the parties' submissions, for the '319 patent the 
Commission has determined to (1) affirm the ALJ's finding that a 
combination of prior art references Doppelt, Jacobs, and Gilbert fail 
to render the asserted claims obvious and (2) affirm the ALJ's finding 
that a combination of prior art references Matsuoka, Doppelt, and Eckel 
fail to render the asserted claims obvious, but reverse the ALJ's 
finding that Eckel is analogous art. For the '336 patent the Commission 
has determined to (1) affirm the ALJ's finding that Pruessel, either 
alone or in combination with Koestler, fails to render claim 34 obvious 
and (2) take no position on the ALJ's finding that claim 34 recites 
ineligible patent subject matter under 35 U.S.C. 101. The Commission 
adopts the ID's findings to the extent they are not inconsistent with 
the Commission opinion issued herewith.
    Having found a violation of section 337 in this investigation, the 
Commission has determined that the appropriate form of relief is: (1) A 
limited exclusion order prohibiting the unlicensed entry of access 
control systems and components thereof that infringe one or more of 
claims 1-4, 7-12, 15, and 16 of the '319 patent that are manufactured 
by, or on behalf of, or are imported by or on behalf of Respondents or 
any of their affiliated companies, parents, subsidiaries, agents, or 
other related business entities, or their successors or assigns, are 
excluded from entry for consumption into the United States, entry for 
consumption from a foreign-trade zone, or withdrawal from a warehouse 
for consumption, for the remaining term of the '319 patent except under 
license of the patent owner or as provided by law; and (2) cease and 
desist orders prohibiting TTi HK, TTi NA, One World, and OWT from 
conducting any of the following activities in the United States: 
Importing, selling, marketing, advertising, distributing, transferring 
(except for exportation), and soliciting U.S. agents or distributors 
for, access control systems and components thereof covered by one or 
more of claims 1-4, 7-12, 15, and 16 of the '319 patent.
    The Commission has also determined that the public interest factors 
enumerated in section 337(d) and (f) (19 U.S.C. 1337(d) and (f)) do not 
preclude issuance of the limited exclusion order or cease and desist 
orders. Finally, the Commission has determined that a bond in the 
amount of zero is required to permit temporary importation during the 
period of Presidential review (19 U.S.C. 1337(j)) of access control 
system and components thereof that are subject to the remedial orders. 
The Commission's orders and opinion were delivered to the President and 
to the United States Trade Representative on the day of their issuance.
    The authority for the Commission's determination is contained in 
section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. 1337), and 
in Part 210 of the Commission's Rules of Practice and Procedure (19 CFR 
part 210).

    By order of the Commission.

     Issued: March 23, 2018.
Katherine Hiner,
Supervisory Attorney.
[FR Doc. 2018-06293 Filed 3-28-18; 8:45 am]
 BILLING CODE 7020-02-P