[Federal Register Volume 81, Number 55 (Tuesday, March 22, 2016)]
[Notices]
[Pages 15363-15366]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2016-06408]


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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

[Release No. 34-77388; File No. SR-NYSE-2016-21]


Self-Regulatory Organizations; New York Stock Exchange LLC; 
Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of Proposed Rule Change 
Adopting a Decommission Extension Fee for Receipt of the NYSE BBO and 
NYSE Trades Market Data Products

March 17, 2016.
    Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) \1\ of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934 (the ``Act'') \2\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\3\ notice is hereby 
given that, on March 8, 2016, New York Stock Exchange LLC (``NYSE'' or 
the ``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
(the ``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in Items I, 
II, and III below, which Items have been prepared by the self-
regulatory organization. The Commission is publishing this notice to 
solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons.
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    \1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
    \2\ 15 U.S.C. 78a.
    \3\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance 
of the Proposed Rule Change

    The Exchange proposes to adopt a Decommission Extension Fee for 
receipt of the NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades market data products. The 
proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's Web site at 
www.nyse.com, at the principal office of the Exchange,

[[Page 15364]]

and at the Commission's Public Reference Room.

II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and 
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

    In its filing with the Commission, the self-regulatory organization 
included statements concerning the purpose of, and basis for, the 
proposed rule change and discussed any comments it received on the 
proposed rule change. The text of those statements may be examined at 
the places specified in Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared 
summaries, set forth in sections A, B, and C below, of the most 
significant parts of such statements.

A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and the 
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change

1. Purpose
    The Exchange proposes to adopt a Decommission Extension Fee for 
receipt of the NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades market data products,\4\ as set 
forth on the NYSE Proprietary Market Data Fee Schedule (``Fee 
Schedule''). Recipients of NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades would continue to 
be subject to the already existing subscription fees currently set 
forth in the Fee Schedule. The proposed Decommission Extension Fee 
would apply only to those subscribers who decide to continue to receive 
the NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades feeds in their legacy format for up to two 
months after those feeds otherwise will be distributed exclusively in 
the new format explained below.
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    \4\ See Securities Exchange Act Release Nos. 61914 (Apr. 14, 
2010), 74 FR 21077 (Apr. 22, 2010) (SR-NYSE-2010-30) (notice--NYSE 
BBO); 62181 (May 26, 2010), 75 FR 31488 (June 3, 2010) (SR-NYSE-
2010-30) (approval order--NYSE BBO); 59309 (Jan. 28, 2009), 74 FR 
6073 (Feb. 4, 2009) (SR-NYSE-2009-04) (notice--NYSE Trades); and 
59309 (Mar. 19, 2009), 74 FR 13293 (Mar. 26, 2009) (approval order--
NYSE Trades) (SR-NYSE-2009-04) and 62038 (May 5, 2010), 75 FR 26825 
(May 12, 2010) (SR-NYSE-2010-22).
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    NYSE Trades is an NYSE-only last sale market data feed. NYSE Trades 
currently allows vendors, broker-dealers and others to make available 
on a real-time basis the same last sale information that the Exchange 
reports under the Consolidated Tape Association (``CTA'') Plan for 
inclusion in the CTA Plan's consolidated data streams. Specifically, 
the NYSE Trades feed includes, for each security traded on the 
Exchange, the real-time last sale price, time and size information and 
bid/ask quotations at the time of each sale and a stock summary 
message. The stock summary message updates every minute and includes 
NYSE's opening price, high price, low price, closing price, and 
cumulative volume for the security.\5\
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    \5\ Id.
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    NYSE BBO is an NYSE-only market data feed that allows a vendor to 
redistribute on a real-time basis the same best-bid-and-offer 
information that the Exchange reports under the Consolidated Quotation 
(``CQ'') Plan for inclusion in the CQ Plan's consolidated quotation 
information data stream. The data feed includes the best bids and 
offers for all securities that are traded on the Exchange and for which 
NYSE reports quotes under the CQ Plan.
    As part of the Exchange's efforts to regularly upgrade systems to 
support more modern data distribution formats and protocols as 
technology evolves, beginning March 1, 2016, NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades 
will both be transmitted in a new format, Exchange Data Protocol (XDP). 
Beginning March 1, 2016, the Exchange will transmit NYSE BBO and NYSE 
Trades in both the legacy format and in XDP without any additional fee 
being charged for providing these data feeds in both formats. The dual 
dissemination will remain in place until July 1, 2016, the planned 
decommission date of the legacy format. Beginning July 1, 2016, 
recipients of NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades who wish to continue to receive 
NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades in the legacy format will each be subject to 
the proposed Decommission Extension Fee of $5,000 per month. During the 
extension period, recipients of NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades would continue 
to be subject to the subscription fees currently noted in the Fee 
Schedule. The extension period for receiving these data feeds in the 
legacy format will expire on September 1, 2016, on which date 
distribution of NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades in the legacy format will be 
permanently discontinued.
2. Statutory Basis
    The Exchange believes that the proposed rule change is consistent 
with the provisions of Section 6 of the Act,\6\ in general, and 
Sections 6(b)(4) and 6(b)(5) of the Act,\7\ in particular, in that it 
provides an equitable allocation of reasonable fees among users and 
recipients of the data and is not designed to permit unfair 
discrimination among customers, issuers, and brokers.
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    \6\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
    \7\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4), (5).
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    The Exchange believes that adopting an extension fee for 
subscribers of NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades who wish to receive these data 
feeds in the legacy format for a period of time beyond the built-in 
overlap period is reasonable, equitable and not unfairly discriminatory 
because the proposed fee would apply equally to all data recipients 
that currently subscribe to NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades. The Exchange 
believes that it is reasonable to require data recipients to pay an 
additional fee for taking the data feeds in the legacy format beyond 
the period of time specifically allotted by the Exchange for data feed 
customers to adapt to the new XDP format at no extra cost. To that end, 
the extension fee is designed to encourage data recipients to migrate 
to the XDP format in order to continue to receive NYSE BBO and NYSE 
Trades in XDP as the legacy format would no longer be available after 
that date. The Exchange does not intend to support the legacy format at 
all after September 1, 2016.
    The Exchange notes that NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades are entirely 
optional. The Exchange is not required to make NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades 
available or to offer any specific pricing alternatives to any 
customers, nor is any firm required to purchase NYSE BBO and NYSE 
Trades, nor is the Exchange required to offer any feed (NYSE BBO, NYSE 
Trades, or otherwise) in a particular format, and it is a benefit to 
the markets generally that NYSE update its distribution technology to 
make it more efficient (and at the same time eliminate less efficient 
forms of dissemination). Firms that do purchase NYSE BBO and NYSE 
Trades do so for the primary goals of using them to increase revenues, 
reduce expenses, and in some instances compete directly with the 
Exchange (including for order flow); those firms are able to determine 
for themselves whether NYSE BBO and NYSE Trades or any other similar 
products are attractively priced or not.\8\
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    \8\ See, e.g., Proposing Release on Regulation of NMS Stock 
Alternative Trading Systems, Securities Exchange Act Release No. 
76474 (Nov. 18, 2015) (File No. S7-23-15). See also, ``Brokers 
Warned Not to Steer Clients' Stock Trades Into Slow Lane,'' 
Bloomberg Business, December 14, 2015 (Sigma X dark pool to use 
direct exchange feeds as the primary source of price data).
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    The decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the District 
of Columbia Circuit in NetCoalition v. SEC, 615 F.3d 525 (D.C. Cir. 
2010), upheld reliance by the Securities and Exchange Commission 
(``Commission'') upon the existence of competitive market mechanisms to 
set reasonable and equitably allocated fees for proprietary market 
data:

    In fact, the legislative history indicates that the Congress 
intended that the market system

[[Page 15365]]

`evolve through the interplay of competitive forces as unnecessary 
regulatory restrictions are removed' and that the SEC wield its 
regulatory power `in those situations where competition may not be 
sufficient,' such as in the creation of a `consolidated 
transactional reporting system.'

Id. at 535 (quoting H.R. Rep. No. 94-229 at 92 (1975), as reprinted in 
1975 U.S.C.C.A.N. 323). The court agreed with the Commission's 
conclusion that ``Congress intended that `competitive forces should 
dictate the services and practices that constitute the U.S. national 
market system for trading equity securities.' '' \9\
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    \9\ NetCoalition, 615 F.3d at 535.

    As explained below in the Exchange's Statement on Burden on 
Competition, the Exchange believes that there is substantial evidence 
of competition in the marketplace for proprietary market data and that 
the Commission can rely upon such evidence in concluding that the fees 
established in this filing are the product of competition and therefore 
satisfy the relevant statutory standards. In addition, the existence of 
alternatives to the legacy format, such as converting to XDP as soon as 
possible, further ensures that the Exchange cannot set unreasonable 
fees, or fees that are unreasonably discriminatory, when vendors and 
subscribers can select such alternatives.
    As the NetCoalition decision noted, the Commission is not required 
to undertake a cost-of-service or ratemaking approach. The Exchange 
believes that, even if it were possible as a matter of economic theory, 
cost-based pricing for proprietary market data would be so complicated 
that it could not be done practically or offer any significant 
benefits.\10\
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    \10\ The Exchange believes that cost-based pricing would be 
impractical because it would create enormous administrative burdens 
for all parties and the Commission to cost-regulate a large number 
of participants and standardize and analyze extraordinary amounts of 
information, accounts, and reports. In addition, and as described 
below, it is impossible to regulate market data prices in isolation 
from prices charged by markets for other services that are joint 
products. Cost-based rate regulation would also lead to litigation 
and may distort incentives, including those to minimize costs and to 
innovate, leading to further waste. Under cost-based pricing, the 
Commission would be burdened with determining a fair rate of return, 
and the industry could experience frequent rate increases based on 
escalating expense levels. Even in industries historically subject 
to utility regulation, cost-based ratemaking has been discredited. 
As such, the Exchange believes that cost-based ratemaking would be 
inappropriate for proprietary market data and inconsistent with 
Congress's direction that the Commission use its authority to foster 
the development of the national market system, and that market 
forces will continue to provide appropriate pricing discipline. See 
Appendix C to NYSE's comments to the Commission's 2000 Concept 
Release on the Regulation of Market Information Fees and Revenues, 
which can be found on the Commission's Web site at http://www.sec.gov/rules/concept/s72899/buck1.htm. Finally, the prices set 
herein are prices for continuing to support distribution formats the 
Exchange has elected to retire in favor of new and more efficient 
distribution formats, making cost-based analyses even less relevant.
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    For these reasons, the Exchange believes that the proposed fees are 
reasonable, equitable, and not unfairly discriminatory.

B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition

    The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will 
impose any burden on competition that is not necessary or appropriate 
in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. An exchange's ability to 
price its proprietary market data feed products is constrained by 
actual competition for the sale of proprietary market data products, 
the joint product nature of exchange platforms, and the existence of 
alternatives to the Exchange's proprietary data (and in this instance, 
the ability of any firm to switch to the new distribution format in a 
time frame that eliminates the need to pay these fees entirely).
The Existence of Actual Competition
    The market for proprietary data products is currently competitive 
and inherently contestable because there is fierce competition for the 
inputs necessary for the creation of proprietary data and strict 
pricing discipline for the proprietary products themselves. Numerous 
exchanges compete with one another for listings and order flow and 
sales of market data itself, providing ample opportunities for 
entrepreneurs who wish to compete in any or all of those areas, 
including producing and distributing their own market data. Proprietary 
data products are produced and distributed by each individual exchange, 
as well as other entities, in a vigorously competitive market. Indeed, 
the U.S. Department of Justice (``DOJ'') (the primary antitrust 
regulator) has expressly acknowledged the aggressive actual competition 
among exchanges, including for the sale of proprietary market data. In 
2011, the DOJ stated that exchanges ``compete head to head to offer 
real-time equity data products. These data products include the best 
bid and offer of every exchange and information on each equity trade, 
including the last sale.'' \11\
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    \11\ Press Release, U.S. Department of Justice, Assistant 
Attorney General Christine Varney Holds Conference Call Regarding 
NASDAQ OMX Group Inc. and IntercontinentalExchange Inc. Abandoning 
Their Bid for NYSE Euronext (May 16, 2011), available at http://www.justice.gov/iso/opa/atr/speeches/2011/at-speech-110516.html; see 
also Complaint in U.S. v. Deutsche Borse AG and NYSE Euronext, Case 
No. 11-cv-2280 (D.C. Dist.) ] 24 (``NYSE and Direct Edge compete 
head-to-head . . . in the provision of real-time proprietary equity 
data products.'').
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    Moreover, competitive markets for listings, order flow, executions, 
and transaction reports provide pricing discipline for the inputs of 
proprietary data products and therefore constrain markets from 
overpricing proprietary market data. Broker-dealers send their order 
flow and transaction reports to multiple venues, rather than providing 
them all to a single venue, which in turn reinforces this competitive 
constraint. As a 2010 Commission Concept Release noted, the ``current 
market structure can be described as dispersed and complex'' with 
``trading volume . . . dispersed among many highly automated trading 
centers that compete for order flow in the same stocks'' and ``trading 
centers offer[ing] a wide range of services that are designed to 
attract different types of market participants with varying trading 
needs.'' \12\ More recently, SEC Chair Mary Jo White has noted that 
competition for order flow in exchange-listed equities is ``intense'' 
and divided among many trading venues, including exchanges, more than 
40 alternative trading systems, and more than 250 broker-dealers.\13\
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    \12\ Concept Release on Equity Market Structure, Securities 
Exchange Act Release No. 61358 (Jan. 14, 2010), 75 FR 3594 (Jan. 21, 
2010) (File No. S7-02-10). This Concept Release included data from 
the third quarter of 2009 showing that no market center traded more 
than 20% of the volume of listed stocks, further evidencing the 
dispersal of and competition for trading activity. Id. at 3598. Data 
available on ArcaVision show that from June 30, 2013 to June 30, 
2014, no exchange traded more than 12% of the volume of listed 
stocks by either trade or dollar volume, further evidencing the 
continued dispersal of and fierce competition for trading activity. 
See https://www.arcavision.com/Arcavision/arcalogin.jsp.
    \13\ Mary Jo White, Enhancing Our Equity Market Structure, 
Sandler O'Neill & Partners, L.P. Global Exchange and Brokerage 
Conference (June 5, 2014) (available on the Commission Web site), 
citing Tuttle, Laura, 2014, ``OTC Trading: Description of Non-ATS 
OTC Trading in National Market System Stocks,'' at 7-8.
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    If an exchange succeeds in competing for quotations, order flow, 
and trade executions, then it earns trading revenues and increases the 
value of its proprietary market data products because they will contain 
greater quote and trade information. Conversely, if an exchange is less 
successful in attracting quotes, order flow, and trade executions, then 
its market data products may be less desirable to customers in light of 
the diminished content and data products offered by competing venues 
may become more attractive. Thus, competition for quotations, order 
flow, and trade

[[Page 15366]]

executions puts significant pressure on an exchange to maintain both 
execution and data fees at reasonable levels.
    In addition, in the case of products that are also redistributed 
through market data vendors, such as Bloomberg and Thompson Reuters, 
the vendors themselves provide additional price discipline for 
proprietary data products because they control the primary means of 
access to certain end users. These vendors impose price discipline 
based upon their business models. For example, vendors that assess a 
surcharge on data they sell are able to refuse to offer proprietary 
products that their end users do not or will not purchase in sufficient 
numbers. Vendors will not elect to make available NYSE BBO or NYSE 
Trades in the legacy format unless their customers request it, and 
customers will not elect to pay the proposed fees unless NYSE BBO and 
NYSE Trades can provide value in the legacy formats by sufficiently 
increasing revenues or reducing costs in the customer's business in a 
manner that will offset the fees. The Exchange has provided customers 
with adequate notice that it intends to discontinue dissemination of 
the data feeds in the legacy format. Therefore, the proposed 
Decommission Extension Fee would only be applicable to those customers 
who have a need or desire to continue to take the data feeds in the 
legacy format beyond the period provided for migration to the XDP 
format. Customers who timely migrate to the XDP format to receive the 
data feeds would not need to receive the data feeds in the legacy 
format and therefore would not be subject to the Decommission Extension 
Fee at all. All of these factors operate as constraints on pricing 
proprietary data products.

C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed 
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others

    No written comments were solicited or received with respect to the 
proposed rule change.

III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for 
Commission Action

    The foregoing rule change is effective upon filing pursuant to 
Section 19(b)(3)(A) \14\ of the Act and subparagraph (f)(2) of Rule 
19b-4 \15\ thereunder, because it establishes a due, fee, or other 
charge imposed by the Exchange.
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    \14\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A).
    \15\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(2).
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    At any time within 60 days of the filing of such proposed rule 
change, the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule 
change if it appears to the Commission that such action is necessary or 
appropriate in the public interest, for the protection of investors, or 
otherwise in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. If the Commission 
takes such action, the Commission shall institute proceedings under 
Section 19(b)(2)(B) \16\ of the Act to determine whether the proposed 
rule change should be approved or disapproved.
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    \16\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(2)(B).
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IV. Solicitation of Comments

    Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and 
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule 
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of 
the following methods:

Electronic Comments

     Use the Commission's Internet comment form (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
     Send an email to [email protected]. Please include 
File Number SR-NYSE-2016-21 on the subject line.

Paper Comments

     Send paper comments in triplicate to Brent J. Fields, 
Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE., 
Washington, DC 20549-1090.

All submissions should refer to File Number SR-NYSE-2016-22. This file 
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help 
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently, 
please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on 
the Commission's Internet Web site (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all 
written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are 
filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to 
the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other 
than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the 
provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site viewing and 
printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street NE., 
Washington, DC 20549 on official business days between the hours of 
10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of the filing also will be available 
for inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All 
comments received will be posted without change; the Commission does 
not edit personal identifying information from submissions. You should 
submit only information that you wish to make available publicly. All 
submissions should refer to File Number SR-NYSE-2016-21 and should be 
submitted on or before April 12, 2016.

    For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, 
pursuant to delegated authority.\17\
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    \17\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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Robert W. Errett,
Deputy Secretary.
[FR Doc. 2016-06408 Filed 3-21-16; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P