[Federal Register Volume 77, Number 44 (Tuesday, March 6, 2012)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 13248-13251]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2012-5335]


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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Fish and Wildlife Service

50 CFR Part 17

[FWS-R1-ES-2011-N251; FXES11130100000C4-123-FF01E00000]


Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 5-Year Status 
Reviews of 46 Species in Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Nevada, Montana, 
Hawaii, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands

AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.

ACTION: Notice of initiation of reviews; request for information.

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SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, are initiating 5-year 
reviews for 46 species in Idaho, Oregon, Washington, Nevada, Montana, 
Hawaii, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands under the Endangered 
Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act). We request any new information 
on these species that may have a bearing on their classification as 
endangered or threatened. Based on the results of our 5-year reviews we 
will determine whether these species are properly classified under the 
Act.

DATES: To ensure consideration in our reviews, we are requesting 
submission of new information no later than May 7, 2012. However, we 
will continue to accept new information about any listed species at any 
time.

ADDRESSES: For the 44 species in Hawaii, Guam, and the Northern Mariana 
Islands (see Table 1 below), submit information to: Field Supervisor, 
Attention: 5-Year Review, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific 
Islands Fish

[[Page 13249]]

and Wildlife Office, 300 Ala Moana Blvd., Room 3-122, Box 50088, 
Honolulu, HI 96850. Information can also be submitted by email to: 
[email protected].
    For the Snake River physa snail and bull trout, submit information 
to: Branch Chief, Classification and Recovery, Attention: 5-Year 
Review, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Idaho Fish and Wildlife Office, 
1387 S. Vinnell Way, Room 368, Boise, ID 83709. Information can also be 
submitted by email to: [email protected].

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jess Newton, U.S. Fish and Wildlife 
Service, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (see ADDRESSES), 808-
792-9400 (for species in Hawaii, Guam, and the Northern Mariana 
Islands); or Susan Burch, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Idaho Fish 
and Wildlife Office, 208-378-5243 (for Snake River physa snail and bull 
trout). Individuals who are hearing impaired or speech impaired may 
call the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8337 for TTY assistance.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Why do we conduct 5-year reviews?

    Under the Act (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), we maintain Lists of 
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants (which we collectively 
refer to as the List) in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) at 50 
CFR 17.11 (for animals) and 17.12 (for plants). Section 4(c)(2)(A) of 
the Act requires us to review each listed species' status at least once 
every 5 years. Then, under section 4(c)(2)(B), we determine whether to 
remove any species from the List (delist), to reclassify it from 
endangered to threatened, to reclassify it from threatened to 
endangered, or to conclude that the current listing is appropriate. Any 
change in Federal classification requires a separate rulemaking 
process.
    We use the following definitions, from 50 CFR 424.02, in our 
analysis of classification status:
    (A) Species includes any species or subspecies of fish, wildlife, 
or plant, and any distinct population segment of any species of 
vertebrate, that interbreeds when mature;
    (B) Endangered species means any species that is in danger of 
extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range; and
    (C) Threatened species means any species that is likely to become 
an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a 
significant portion of its range.
    Our regulations at 50 CFR 424.21 require that we publish a notice 
in the Federal Register announcing those species under active review.

II. What species are under review?

    This notice announces our active review of the 46 species listed in 
Table 1.

Table 1--Species for Which We Are Initiating a Status Review to Determine if They Are Appropriately Listed Under
                                         the U.S. Endangered Species Act
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Common name              Scientific name         Status           Where listed     Final listing rule
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                     Animals
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Akepa, Maui.....................  Loxops coccineus    Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  35 FR 16047; 10/13/
                                   ochraceus.                                                  1970.
Creeper, Molokai................  Paroreomyza         Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  35 FR 16047; 10/13/
                                   flammea.                                                    1970.
Crow, Mariana (=aga)............  Corvus kubaryi....  Endangered........  Western Pacific     49 FR 33885; 8/27/
                                                                           Ocean--U.S.A.       1984.
                                                                           (Guam, Rota).
Duck, Laysan....................  Anas laysanensis..  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  32 FR 4001; 3/11/
                                                                                               1967.
Finch, Laysan...................  Telespyza cantans.  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  32 FR 4001; 3/11/
                                                                                               1967.
Fruit bat, Mariana..............  Pteropus mariannus  Threatened........  Western Pacific     70 FR 1190; 1/06/
                                   mariannus.                              Ocean--U.S.A.       2005.
                                                                           (GU, MP).
Honeycreeper, crested...........  Palmeria dolei....  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  32 FR 4001; 3/11/
                                                                                               1967.
Kingfisher, Guam Micronesian....  Halcyon             Endangered........  Western Pacific     49 FR 33885; 8/27/
                                   cinnamomina                             Ocean--U.S.A.       1984.
                                   cinnamomina.                            (Guam).
Parrotbill, Maui................  Pseudonestor        Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  32 FR 4001; 3/11/
                                   xanthophrys.                                                1967.
Po`ouli.........................  Melamprosops        Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  40 FR 44151; 9/25/
                                   phaeosoma.                                                  1975.
Rail, Guam......................  Rallus owstoni....  Endangered, Non-    Western Pacific     49 FR 33881; 8/27/
                                                       Essential           Ocean--U.S.A.       1984.
                                                       Experimental        (Guam, Rota).
                                                       Population.
Snail, Snake River physa........  Physa natricina...  Endangered........  U.S.A. (ID).......  57 FR 59244; 12/14/
                                                                                               1992.
Thrush, Molokai.................  Myadestes           Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  35 FR 16047; 10/13/
                                   lanaiensis rutha.                                           1970.
Trout, bull.....................  Salvelinus          Threatened........  U.S.A.,             64 FR 58910; 11/01/
                                   confluentus.                            coterminous         1999.
                                                                           (lower 48
                                                                           states); occurs
                                                                           in ID, OR, WA,
                                                                           NV, and MT.
White-eye, bridled..............  Zosterops           Endangered........  Western Pacific     49 FR 33885; 8/27/
                                   conspicillatus                          Ocean--U.S.A.       1984.
                                   conspicillatus.                         (Guam).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                     Plants
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
No common name..................  Abutilon            Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  56 FR 47694; 9/20/
                                   eremitopetalum.                                             1991.

[[Page 13250]]

 
Liliwai.........................  Acaena exigua.....  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 20787; 5/15/
                                                                                               1992.
Pua `ala........................  Brighamia rockii..  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 46339; 10/8/
                                                                                               1992.
Kamanomano......................  Cenchrus            Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  61 FR 53123; 10/10/
                                   agrimonioides.                                              1996.
Haha............................  Cyanea dunbarii...  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  61 FR 53137; 10/10/
                                                                                               1996.
Haha............................  Cyanea hamatiflora  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  64 FR 48323; 9/3/
                                   ssp. hamatiflora.                                           1999.
Haha............................  Cyanea lobata.....  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 20787; 5/15/
                                                                                               1992.
Haha............................  Cyanea macrostegia  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  56 FR 47694; 9/20/
                                   ssp. gibsonii.                                              1991.
Haha............................  Cyanea mceldowneyi  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 20787; 5/15/
                                                                                               1992.
Haha............................  Cyanea procera....  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 46339; 10/8/
                                                                                               1992.
No common name..................  Diplazium           Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  59 FR 49031; 9/26/
                                   molokaiense.                                                1994.
Na`ena`e........................  Dubautia            Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  64 FR 48323; 9/3/
                                   plantaginea ssp.                                            1999.
                                   humilis.
Gardenia (=Na`u), Hawaiian......  Gardenia brighamii  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  50 FR 33731; 8/21/
                                                                                               1985.
Kopa............................  Hedyotis            Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  64 FR 48323; 9/3/
                                   schlechtendahlian                                           1999.
                                   a var. remyi.
Wawae`iole......................  Huperzia mannii...  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 20787; 5/15/
                                                                                               1992.
Kohe malama malama o kanaloa....  Kanaloa             Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  64 FR 48323; 9/3/
                                   kahoolawensis.                                              1999.
Koki`o, Cooke's.................  Kokia cookei......  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  44 FR 62471; 10/30/
                                                                                               1979.
Kamakahala......................  Labordia triflora.  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  64 FR 48323; 9/3/
                                                                                               1999.
Nehe............................  Lipochaeta          Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 20787; 5/15/
                                   kamolensis.                                                 1992.
No common name..................  Lysimachia maxima.  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  61 FR 53137; 10/10/
                                                                                               1996.
Alani...........................  Melicope            Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  59 FR 62352; 12/5/
                                   adscendens.                                                 1994.
Alani...........................  Melicope knudsenii  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  59 FR 9327; 2/25/
                                                                                               1994.
Alani...........................  Melicope            Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 20787; 5/15/
                                   mucronulata.                                                1992.
No common name..................  Phyllostegia        Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  73 FR 9078; 2/19/
                                   hispida.                                                    2008.
No common name..................  Platanthera         Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  61 FR 53123; 10/10/
                                   holochila.                                                  1996.
Lo`ulu..........................  Pritchardia munroi  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 46339; 10/8/
                                                                                               1992.
No common name..................  Pteris lidgatei...  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  59 FR 49031; 9/26/
                                                                                               1994.
Remya, Maui.....................  Remya mauiensis...  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  56 FR 1453; 1/14/
                                                                                               1991.
Naupaka, dwarf..................  Scaevola coriacea.  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  51 FR 17974; 5/16/
                                                                                               1986.
No common name..................  Silene alexandri..  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 46339; 10/8/
                                                                                               1992.
No common name..................  Stenogyne bifida..  Endangered........  U.S.A. (HI).......  57 FR 46339; 10/8/
                                                                                               1992.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

III. What information do we consider in the review?

    A 5-year review considers all new information available at the time 
of the review. In conducting these reviews, we consider the best 
scientific and commercial data that has become available since the 
listing determination or most recent status review, such as:
    (A) Species biology including, but not limited to, population 
trends, distribution, abundance, demographics, and genetics;
    (B) Habitat conditions including, but not limited to, amount, 
distribution, and suitability;
    (C) Conservation measures that have been implemented that benefit 
the species;
    (D) Threat status and trends (see five factors under heading ``How 
Do We Determine Whether a Species is Endangered or Threatened?''); and
    (E) Other new information, data, or corrections including, but not 
limited to, taxonomic or nomenclatural changes, identification of 
erroneous information contained in the List, and improved analytical 
methods.

IV. How do we determine whether a species is endangered or threatened?

    Section 4(a)(1) of the Act requires that we determine whether a 
species is

[[Page 13251]]

endangered or threatened based on one or more of the five following 
factors:
    (A) The present or threatened destruction, modification, or 
curtailment of its habitat or range;
    (B) Overutilization for commercial, recreational, scientific, or 
educational purposes;
    (C) Disease or predation;
    (D) The inadequacy of existing regulatory mechanisms; or
    (E) Other natural or manmade factors affecting its continued 
existence.
    Under section 4(b)(1) of the Act, we must base our assessment of 
these factors solely on the best scientific and commercial data 
available.

V. What could happen as a result of this review?

    For each species under review, if we find new information that 
indicates a change in classification may be warranted, we may propose, 
through formal rulemaking, to:
    (A) Reclassify the species from threatened to endangered (uplist);
    (B) Reclassify the species from endangered to threatened 
(downlist); or
    (C) Remove the species from the List (delist).
    If we determine that a change in classification is not warranted, 
then no formal rulemaking is required; the species remains on the List 
under its current status.

VI. Request for New Information

    To ensure that a 5-year review is complete and based on the best 
available scientific and commercial information, we request new 
information from all sources. See ``What Information Do We Consider in 
Our Review?'' for specific criteria. If you submit information, please 
support it with documentation such as maps, bibliographic references, 
methods used to gather and analyze the data, and/or copies of any 
pertinent publications, reports, or letters by knowledgeable sources.
    If you wish to provide information for any species listed above, 
please submit your comments and materials to the appropriate contact in 
either the Idaho or Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office (see 
ADDRESSES section).

VII. Public Availability of Comments

    Before including your address, phone number, email address, or 
other personal identifying information in your comment, you should be 
aware that your entire comment--including your personal identifying 
information--may be made publicly available at any time. While you can 
ask us in your comment to withhold your personal identifying 
information from public review, we cannot guarantee that we will be 
able to do so.
    Comments and materials received will be available for public 
inspection, by appointment, during normal business hours at the offices 
where the comments are submitted.

VIII. Completed and Active Reviews

    A list of all completed and currently active 5-year reviews 
addressing species for which the Pacific Region of the Service has lead 
responsibility is available at: http://www.fws.gov/pacific/ecoservices/endangered/recovery/5year.html.

IX. Authority

    This document is published under the authority of the Endangered 
Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).

    Dated: January 18, 2012.
Richard R. Hannan,
Acting Regional Director, Region 1 Fish and Wildlife Service.
[FR Doc. 2012-5335 Filed 3-5-12; 8:45 am]
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