[Federal Register Volume 75, Number 170 (Thursday, September 2, 2010)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 53925-53938]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2010-21823]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

50 CFR Part 223

[Docket No. 0808071080-91228-01]
RIN 0648-AW93


Sea Turtle Conservation; Shrimp and Summer Flounder Trawling 
Requirements

AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce.

ACTION: Proposed rule; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: NMFS proposes to revise the turtle excluder device (TED) 
requirements to allow the use of new materials and modifications to 
existing approved TED designs. Specifically, proposed allowable 
modifications include the use of flat bar, rectangular pipe, and oval 
pipe as construction materials in currently-approved TED grids; an 
increase in maximum mesh size on escape flaps from 1\5/8\ to 2 inches 
(4.1 to 5.1 cm); the inclusion of the Boone Big Boy TED for use in the 
shrimp fishery; the use of three large TED and Boone Wedge Cut escape 
openings; and the use of the Chauvin

[[Page 53926]]

shrimp deflector to improve shrimp retention. NMFS also proposes to 
allow a new TED for use in the summer flounder fishery. Additionally, 
there are proposed corrections to the TED regulations to rectify an 
oversight regarding the maximum size chain that can be used on the 
Parker TED escape opening flap, and the proposed addition of a brace 
bar as an allowable modification to hard TEDs.

DATES: Written comments (see ADDRESSES) will be accepted through 
October 18, 2010.

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments on this proposed rule, identified by 
0648-AW93, by any of the following methods:
     Electronic Submissions: Submit all electronic public 
comments via the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov.
     Mail: Michael Barnette, Southeast Regional Office, NMFS, 
263 13th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701.
     Fax: 727-824-5309; Attention: Michael Barnette.
    Instructions: All comments received are a part of the public record 
and will generally be posted to http://www.regulations.gov without 
change. All Personal Identifying Information (for example, name, 
address, etc.) voluntarily submitted by the commenter may be publicly 
accessible. Do not submit Confidential Business Information or 
otherwise sensitive or protected information.
    NMFS will accept anonymous comments (enter N/A in the required 
fields, if you wish to remain anonymous). You may submit attachments to 
electronic comments in Microsoft Word, Excel, WordPerfect, or Adobe PDF 
file formats only.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Michael Barnette, 727-551-5794.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    All sea turtles that occur in U.S. waters are listed as either 
endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 
(ESA). The Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii), leatherback 
(Dermochelys coriacea), and hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) turtles 
are listed as endangered. The loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and green 
(Chelonia mydas) turtles are listed as threatened, except for breeding 
populations of green turtles in Florida and on the Pacific coast of 
Mexico, which are listed as endangered.
    Sea turtles are incidentally taken, and some are killed, as a 
result of numerous activities, including fishery-related trawling 
activities in the Gulf of Mexico and along the Atlantic seaboard. Under 
the ESA and its implementing regulations, the taking of sea turtles is 
prohibited, with exceptions identified in 50 CFR 223.206(d), or 
according to the terms and conditions of a biological opinion issued 
under section 7 of the ESA, or according to an incidental take permit 
issued under section 10 of the ESA. The incidental taking of turtles 
during shrimp or summer flounder trawling is exempted from the taking 
prohibition of section 9 of the ESA if the conservation measures 
specified in the sea turtle conservation regulations (50 CFR 223.205) 
are followed. The regulations require most vessels defined as ``shrimp 
trawlers'' and ``summer flounder trawlers'' (50 CFR 222.102) operating 
in the southeastern United States (Atlantic area, Gulf area, and summer 
flounder sea turtle protection area, see 50 CFR 223.206) to have a 
NMFS-approved TED installed in each net that is rigged for fishing to 
allow sea turtles to escape. TEDs currently approved by NMFS include 
single-grid hard TEDs and hooped hard TEDs conforming to a generic 
description, the flounder TED, and one type of soft TED--the Parker 
soft TED (see 50 CFR 223.207). Most approved hard TEDs are described in 
the regulations (50 CFR 223.207(a)) according to generic criteria based 
upon certain parameters of TED design, configuration, and installation, 
including height and width dimensions of the TED opening through which 
the turtles escape.
    TEDs incorporate an escape opening, usually covered by a webbing 
flap, which allows sea turtles to escape from trawl nets. To be 
approved by NMFS, a TED design must be shown to be 97 percent effective 
in excluding sea turtles during testing based upon NMFS-approved 
scientific testing protocols (50 CFR 223.207(e)(1)). NMFS-approved 
testing protocols established to date include the ``small turtle test'' 
(55 FR 41092, October 9, 1990) and the ``wild turtle test'' (52 FR 
24244, June 29, 1987). Additionally, NMFS has established a leatherback 
model testing protocol to evaluate a candidate TED's ability to exclude 
adult leatherback sea turtles (66 FR 24287, May 14, 2001). Because 
testing with live leatherbacks is impossible, NMFS obtained the 
carapace measurements of 15 nesting female leatherback turtles and used 
these data to construct an aluminum pipe-frame model of a leatherback 
turtle measuring 40 inches (101.6 cm) in width, 60 inches (152.4 cm) in 
length, and 21 inches (53.3 cm) in height. If the leatherback model and 
a diver with full scuba gear are able to pass through the escape 
opening of a candidate TED, that escape opening is judged to be capable 
of excluding adult leatherback sea turtles, as well as other large 
adult sea turtles.

Proposed TED Modifications

    The new TED designs and modifications included in this rule were 
developed and tested by NMFS' gear specialists with the Southeast 
Fisheries Science Center's Harvesting Systems and Engineering Branch, 
aided by input from the commercial fishing industry. Additionally, 
information for a study conducted by the Gulf and South Atlantic 
Fisheries Foundation, Incorporated (2008) was also considered during 
TED development.

Flat Bar TED

    Current TED regulations require the use of specific construction 
materials for single-grid hard TEDs (50 CFR 223.207(a)(1)(i)). These 
include solid steel rod with a minimum outside diameter of \1/4\ inch 
(0.64 cm); fiberglass or aluminum rod with a minimum outside diameter 
of \1/2\ inch (1.27 cm); or steel or aluminum tubing with a minimum 
outside diameter of \1/2\ inch (1.27 cm) and a minimum wall thickness 
of \1/8\ inch (0.32 cm; also known as schedule 40 tubing). These 
minimum material requirements were designated to insure a TED grid was 
strong enough to withstand the conditions typically experienced during 
standard fishing activities, and to insure the integrity of a TED and 
its ability to exclude sea turtles is not compromised. As offshore 
shrimp fishers became increasingly aware of the benefits of using 
larger sized TEDs, TEDs were built using stronger materials such as 
aluminum and steel pipe to prevent bending of the frame. However, some 
fishers noticed a decrease in shrimp catch rates with pipe TEDs when 
compared to TEDs made from thinner materials. Using a flume tank 
facility in 2005, NMFS' gear specialists measured the internal water 
flow patterns between an aluminum pipe TED and a TED with deflector 
bars constructed from aluminum flat bar. Comparisons of these 
measurements indicated a loss of water behind the pipe TED frame and a 
measurable diversion of water out of the TED escape opening. In 
contrast, almost no water diversion was measured with the flat bar TED. 
In 2005-2007, a fishery-dependent study by the Gulf and South Atlantic 
Fisheries Foundation, Incorporated (2008) found that the aluminum flat 
bar TED had statistically significant increases in shrimp catch rates 
when compared to an aluminum pipe TED. These studies have

[[Page 53927]]

demonstrated flat bar TEDs may perform better for shrimp retention than 
pipe TEDs, and, when properly constructed, may be stronger and less 
prone to bending compared to pipe TEDs.
    When using a flat bar less than \3/8\ inch (0.95 cm) in thickness, 
a brace bar constructed of aluminum or steel rod or tubing specified in 
50 CFR 223.207(a)(1)(i)(A) through (C) must be added to a flat bar TED 
to prevent spreading of the deflector bars beyond the maximum allowable 
4 inch (10 cm) spacing between the bars (50 CFR 223.207(a)(4)). The 
brace bar must be attached to the frame and each individual deflector 
bar, and may be welded directly to the aft face of the grid or may be 
attached with spacer bars no longer than 5 inches (12.7 cm) in length 
that are welded to the aft face of each deflector bar. Spacer bars 
attached to the deflector bars must be constructed of the same material 
as the deflector bars (e.g., aluminum flat bar \1/4\ inch (0.63 cm) in 
thickness and 1\1/2\ inch (3.8 cm) in depth). These spacers will be 
squared off on one end, which will be welded to the deflector bar, 
while the other end will need a concave (i.e., half-moon) shape to be 
welded to the brace bar.
    A TED with deflector bars constructed from aluminum flat bar stock, 
\1/4\ inch (0.63 cm) in thickness and 1\1/2\ inch (3.8 cm) in depth, 
was evaluated using the small turtle test protocol (55 FR 41092) in 
June 2006. In a sample size of 25 turtles, the bottom-opening control 
TED captured 1 turtle. A turtle is considered captured if it fails to 
escape through the TED within 5 minutes. Based on the performance of 
the control TED, this meant that a candidate TED would fail the test 
with 2 turtle captures because of the statistical probability the 
candidate TED may not achieve the standard (i.e., control TED 
performance) turtle exclusion rate of 97 percent or more. The flat bar 
TED was tested in a bottom-opening configuration with a double-cover 
flap, resulting in 1 capture out of a sample size of 25 turtles, 
passing the certification test under the small turtle testing protocol.
    NMFS' gear specialists with the Southeast Fisheries Science 
Center's Harvesting Systems and Engineering Branch also determined that 
rectangular and oval pipe, using the same minimum size and 
configuration specifications as round pipe, was acceptable for use in 
TED construction. While not subjected to the small turtle testing 
protocol, based on the results of the flat bar TED and known 
performance of TEDs constructed of round pipe, NMFS determined there 
would be no discernable difference in turtle exclusion rates using 
similar-shaped materials, specifically rectangular and oval pipe. 
Additionally, as previously mentioned, the list of approved 
construction materials for single-grid hard TEDs (50 CFR 
223.207(a)(1)(i)) is based on the material's strength and integrity to 
withstand conditions typically experienced during standard fishing 
activities. Therefore, if the minimum specifications (i.e., minimum 
outside diameter/width of \1/2\ inch and a minimum wall thickness of 
\1/8\ inch) are employed when using rectangular or oval pipe, NMFS 
determined the resulting TED grid would be strong enough for use in the 
fishery.

Allowable TED Escape Flap Mesh Size

    Current regulations specify that TED escape flap webbing may not 
exceed 1\5/8\ inch (4.1 cm) in stretched mesh length (50 CFR 
223.207(d)(3). Shrimp fishers have requested that mesh sizes up to 2 
inches (5.1 cm) be allowed for TED flaps. This would enable them to 
keep a ready stock of flap material on hand should the flaps need 
repair, as this size would incorporate the mesh sizes of 1\3/4\- (4.4-) 
and 2-inch (5.1-cm) mesh used in the body and codends of most shrimp 
trawls.
    The small turtle testing protocol was applied in June 2004 to both 
the double-cover flap and the 71-inch (180-cm) flap using 2-inch (5.1-
cm), 36 twine flap webbing. Both tests were conducted using a 
top-opening, bent-bar TED with dimensions of 51 inches (129.5 cm) in 
height by 42 inches (106.7 cm) in width. In a sample size of 25 
turtles, the top-opening control TED captured 2 turtles. A turtle is 
considered captured if it fails to escape through the TED within 5 
minutes. Based on the performance of the control TED, this meant that a 
candidate TED would fail the test with 4 turtle captures because of the 
statistical probability the candidate TED may not achieve the standard 
(i.e., control TED performance) turtle exclusion rate of 97 percent or 
more. Testing of the double cover and 71-inch (180-cm) flap openings 
with 2 inch (5.1 cm) stretched mesh webbing resulted in 0 captures and 
25 escapes, and 1 capture and 24 escapes, respectively. Accordingly, 
use of 2-inch mesh flap webbing passed the certification test under the 
small turtle testing protocol.

Boone Big Boy TED

    NMFS is also proposing to amend 50 CFR 223.207(b) to allow the use 
of additional hard TED designs in the shrimp fishery. A straight bar 
style TED (often referred to as the Georgia Jumper TED) is allowable 
for use in a bottom-opening configuration with a maximum grid angle at 
45 degrees in special areas of the South Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico 
(within these areas, known as Shrimp Fishery-Sea Turtle Conservation 
Areas, enhanced sea turtle conservation measures are required due to 
the presence of important nearshore habitat for benthic immature and 
subadult sea turtles, particularly Kemp's ridleys, and the likelihood 
of negative interactions with heavy shrimp trawling activity; 50 CFR 
223.207(a)(3)(ii)). Bottom opening bent bar TEDs have been legal for 
use at angles up to 55 degrees as long as the last 4 inches of the bars 
are at an angle no greater than 45 degrees. The developer of the 
Georgia Jumper believed that his bottom-opening, straight-bar TED would 
pass the small turtle tests at an angle of 55 degrees with an enlarged 
escape opening.
    The Boone Big Boy TED is a large Georgia Jumper grid with an 
enlarged escape opening. Specifically, the Boone Big Boy TED grid is 48 
inches high by 36.5 inches wide. Due to the size of this TED, a brace 
bar is attached to the aft face of the grid.
    The Boone Big Boy TED was submitted for testing with the small 
turtle testing protocol in June 2008. The Boone Big Boy TED was 
installed at 54 degrees and was outfitted with a bottom-oriented Boone 
Wedge Cut escape opening. Testing resulted in 1 capture and 24 escapes, 
which passes the certification test under the small turtle testing 
protocol.

Boone Wedge Cut Escape Opening

    NMFS is also proposing to amend 50 CFR 223.207(a)(7)(ii) to allow 
the use of additional TED escape openings in the shrimp fishery. The 
Boone Wedge Cut escape opening is an enlarged escape opening created by 
a triangular panel of additional webbing inserted into the trawl as an 
alternative to the removal of webbing from the trawl to achieve a 71-
inch (180-cm) or larger opening for single grid hard TEDs.
    The Boone Wedge Cut escape opening is made by making two cuts in 
the TED extension; one cut is fore and aft (i.e., along the length of 
the extension) and the other cut is horizontal to the extension. The 
horizontal cut is 50 meshes long and begins at a point 4 inches (10.2 
cm) inward from the outside edge of the grid on one side and runs to 
the same point on the opposite side of the grid. The fore and aft cut 
begins in the middle of the horizontal cut and runs forward 49.5 inches 
(125.7 cm) toward the front edge of the TED extension. The added wedge 
of webbing is attached along its two leading edges to the edges of the 
fore and aft cut. The webbing wedge is made of 1\7/8\ inch (4.8 cm) 
webbing and must have at least 41

[[Page 53928]]

meshes measuring at least 72 inches wide (182.9 cm) along its base (aft 
edge). The height of the wedge must measure at least 48.5 inches (123.2 
cm). The top of the wedge is two bars across the leading edge then cut 
with a 1 point then 6 bar taper.
    An important element of the Boone Wedge Cut escape opening is the 
aforementioned taper of the webbing wedge sewn into the slit of the 
extension webbing. Taper is usually expressed as the ratio between the 
cuts in the components of the mesh that reduce the width of the panel 
of webbing and the cuts straight aft that extend the length of the 
panel of webbing. An understanding of net-making terminology is 
necessary to comprehend the conventions used in describing taper. An 
individual mesh is composed of four equal lengths of twine, joined by 
four knots, and the webbing is usually hung in the body of a trawl so 
that all the meshes form diamond shapes, with the long axis of the 
diamonds oriented fore-and-aft. The two lengths of twine and the 
intervening knot on the left and right sides of the mesh are known as 
``points,'' and the individual lengths of twine are known as ``bars.'' 
Since a single bar is half the width of an entire mesh, cutting a bar 
on the outside edge of a panel of webbing reduces the width of that row 
of meshes by one half mesh. Continuing cutting in the same direction 
through the bars on the opposite sides of each mesh and leaving an 
uncut edge of bars all lying in the same line produce an ``all-bar'' 
taper. An all-bar taper reduces the width of a panel of webbing by one 
mesh for every two rows of twine cut. The all-bar taper is the steepest 
angle of taper that is used in any portion of the escape opening. 
Lesser degrees of taper can be produced by interspersing bar cuts with 
point cuts--cuts straight aft through both lengths of twine in a point. 
A point cut extends the length of a webbing panel by one mesh without 
reducing the width. For example, the ``6 bars, 1 point'' (6b1p) taper 
of the Boone Wedge Cut escape opening indicates a taper in which the 
net maker would cut a sequence of six bars (inward) followed by one 
point (aft). A ``straight'' or ``all-point'' cut indicates a cut that 
leaves all points along the cut edge and that does not reduce the width 
of the webbing panel. Figure 1 illustrates the components of trawl 
webbing and offers examples of different tapers:
BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

[[Page 53929]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP02SE10.001

BILLING CODE 3510-22-C
    During testing in 2003 under the small turtle testing protocol, the 
Boone Wedge Cut escape opening was installed in a 180-mesh 
(circumference) by 51-mesh (depth) TED extension; the mesh size of the 
TED extension was 1\7/8\ inch (4.8 cm) stretched mesh. The TED frame 
was installed in a bottom-opening configuration and was measured at 50 
degrees. Two K-50 Spongex floats were attached to the upper outside 
half of the TED frame. In a sample size of 25 turtles, the bottom-
opening control TED captured 0 turtles. A turtle is considered captured 
if it fails to escape through the TED within 5 minutes. Based on the 
performance of the control TED, this meant that a candidate TED would 
fail the test with 1 turtle capture because of the statistical 
probability the candidate TED may not achieve the standard (i.e.,

[[Page 53930]]

control TED performance) turtle exclusion rate of 97 percent or more. 
Testing of the Boone Wedge Cut escape opening in 2003 resulted in 2 
captures and 23 escapes. This result failed to meet the minimum test 
requirement for certification. NMFS' gear specialists believed the 50-
degree fishing angle of the TED was the likely cause of the two turtle 
captures.
    The Boone Wedge Cut escape opening was re-tested via the small 
turtle testing protocol in 2004 in a top-opening configuration. The TED 
angle was measured at 50 degrees. All other aspects of the TED 
installation and opening design were identical to that which was tested 
in 2003. In a sample size of 25 turtles, the top-opening control TED 
captured 2 turtles. A turtle is considered captured if it fails to 
escape through the TED within 5 minutes. Based on the performance of 
the control TED, this meant that a candidate TED would fail the test 
with 4 turtle captures because of the statistical probability the 
candidate TED may not achieve the standard (i.e., control TED 
performance) turtle exclusion rate of 97 percent or more. Testing of 
the Boone Wedge Cut escape opening in 2004 resulted in 0 captures in a 
sample of 25 turtles, passing the certification test under the small 
turtle testing protocol.
    The Boone Wedge Cut escape opening was also tested for leatherback 
turtle exclusion through the use of an aluminum frame model of an adult 
leatherback sea turtle controlled by a diver within the trawl and 
pushing it through the experimental TED opening. This model was used to 
design and test the current 71-inch and double-cover TED openings. The 
leatherback model measured 40 inches (101.6 cm) in width, 60 inches 
(152.4 cm) in length, and 21 inches (53.3 cm) in height. The evaluation 
was conducted in two separate trials pushing the model through the 
opening in a carapace-up and carapace-down configuration. In both 
configurations, the model passed through the Boone Wedge Cut escape 
opening easily.
    Additional evaluations of the Boone Wedge Cut escape opening were 
conducted in November and December 2004, during trawling operations 
aboard the R/V GEORGIA BULLDOG, and permitted pursuant to 50 CFR 
223.207(e)(2). The evaluations were conducted using remote cameras 
during actual fishing operations in near-shore waters off the coast of 
Georgia and Florida. During the evaluations, 30 wild turtles were 
observed escaping from a bottom-shooting Boone Wedge Cut escape 
opening; no turtle captures (i.e., failing to escape through the TED 
within 5 minutes) were observed.

Large TED Escape Openings

    NMFS is also proposing to amend 50 CFR 223.207(a)(7)(ii) to allow 
the use of additional TED escape openings in the shrimp fishery. Shrimp 
fishermen in Australia have been using a large triangular cut TED 
escape opening for many years. Because this cut is made along the bars 
of the trawl webbing, the strain of large codend loads is transferred 
more efficiently along edges of the cut. This design results in less 
distortion of the TED opening and flap over time as well as providing 
better support and angle retention for the TED frame, especially with 
larger TED frames and trawls.
    The triangular cut forms an isosceles triangle (i.e., two sides of 
equal length) with dimensions that can be configured to meet the 
minimum dimensional requirements for the exclusion of leatherback sea 
turtles (i.e., per 50 CFR 223.207(a)(7)(ii)(B)). In order for a 
triangular cut to meet the minimum dimensions, the length of the two 
sides of the cut, forward of the TED frame, must be longer than that 
which is needed for a rectangular TED opening. Additionally, the base 
measurement of the triangular cut, that is, the minimum straight-line 
distance of the opening at the TED frame, must be larger. This prevents 
this style of cut from being used on smaller TED frames.
    In 2006, the triangular cut was evaluated by NMFS' gear specialists 
as an alternate opening for the exclusion of leatherback sea turtles. 
The evaluations were conducted with no flap covering the TED opening. 
The evaluations were conducted with the use of an aluminum-frame 
leatherback sea turtle model controlled by a diver within the trawl and 
pushing it through the experimental TED opening. This evaluation 
technique was used to approve the 71-inch (180-cm) offshore and double-
cover offshore TED openings (50 CFR 223.207(a)(7)(ii)(B) and (C)). For 
this evaluation, the triangular cut dimensions were configured to match 
the minimum perimeter dimensions of a rectangular cut, which has 
already been approved for the exclusion of leatherback sea turtles 
(i.e., per 50 CFR 223.207(a)(7)(ii)(B)). For the evaluation, the 
selected triangular cut straight-line measurement at the TED frame was 
40 inches (101.6 cm) in order to match the width of the leatherback 
model.
    Divers experienced no difficulty in pushing the model leatherback 
frame through the triangular TED opening. The evaluation was conducted 
in two separate trials pushing the model through the opening in a 
carapace-up and carapace-down configuration. Based on these 
observations, NMFS concludes a triangular cut TED opening is an 
effective TED escape opening design for the exclusion of leatherback 
sea turtles.
    As TED use is expanded to large-trawl fisheries, larger TED frames 
are needed to better fit the trawls. Alternate escape opening cuts are 
needed, which will maintain the strength of the TED system even when 
large codend loads are experienced. The triangular cut TED opening 
described previously provides one escape opening that also ensures the 
strength of the TED and TED extension are maintained. Additional large 
TED escape openings provide greater flexibility in designing the TED 
escape opening cut to meet variations in large trawl and large TED 
designs, while maintaining minimum opening dimensions required for the 
exclusion of leatherback sea turtles.
    Additional variations of the triangular cut being proposed in this 
rulemaking include a similar all-bar cut, but with an additional 
horizontal leading edge cut that produces a trapezoid escape opening, 
as well as an all-points side cut that produces a rectangular escape 
opening. As with the triangular cut, the sum of the straight line, 
stretched measurements of the opening at the TED frame, the two side 
cuts and the leading edge cut must be equal to or greater than 147 
inches (373.4 cm); therefore, this design will meet the minimum 
circumference measurement in 50 CFR 223.207(a)(7)(ii)(B)) of 142 
inches.

Double Cover Interior Escape Flap

    NMFS is also proposing to amend 50 CFR 223.207(d)(3), to allow the 
use of additional TED escape opening flap configurations in the shrimp 
fishery. In 2008, NMFS evaluated several flap designs for installation 
with the triangular cut TED escape opening. Diver evaluations of the 
triangular cut TED escape opening with either the double-cover or 71-
inch (180-cm) flaps revealed a potential turtle capture problem. With a 
rectangular flap sewn over the triangular cut, pockets were formed 
between the outside of the TED extension and the flap in an area 
between the apex of the cut and the sides of the flap. These areas 
could be problematic for smaller, juvenile turtles as they could become 
entrapped. As a solution to this problem, NMFS' gear specialists 
designed a flap which is installed inside the TED extension, thereby 
eliminating the pocket areas formed with an exterior flap installation. 
This flap system is labeled the double-cover interior flap (DCI flap).

[[Page 53931]]

    The triangular cut and DCI flap opening were evaluated by NMFS' 
gear specialists using the small turtle testing protocol in June 2008. 
The triangular cut with a DCI flap was installed on a 51-inch (129.5-
cm) high by 42-inch (106.7-cm) wide bent-bar TED (50 CFR 
223.207(a)(3)(ii)) in a top-opening configuration. The dimensions of 
the flap met all existing regulatory requirements pertaining to the 
double-cover flap, with the exception that the leading edge and sides 
of each flap piece were attached to the inside of the TED extension. At 
the point where the sides of each flap piece intersected the TED frame, 
the flap sides were then sewn to a row of meshes aft of the TED frame 
and on the outside of the TED extension. NMFS' diver observations 
confirmed that this method of attaching the flap provided a much 
smoother shape and more uniform seal against the TED frame while 
fishing, especially when installed on large TED frames, which require 
larger pieces of flap material to cover the TED opening.
    During the small turtle testing protocol, the top-opening control 
TED scored 0 turtle captures in a sample size of 25 turtles. A turtle 
is considered captured if it fails to escape through the TED within 5 
minutes. Testing of the triangular cut with a DCI flap resulted in 0 
turtle captures in a sample of 25 turtles, thus matching the control 
TED performance and passing the certification test under the small 
turtle testing protocol.
    Additional evaluations of the triangular cut and DCI flap were 
conducted in March 2008, during trawling operations aboard the R/V 
GEORGIA BULLDOG, permitted pursuant to 50 CFR 223.207(e)(2). The 
evaluations were conducted using remote cameras during actual fishing 
operations in near-shore waters off the coast of Georgia. The opening 
was evaluated on a 51-inch (129.5-cm) high by 42-inch (106.7-cm) wide 
bent-bar TED in a bottom-opening configuration. During the evaluations, 
two wild turtles were observed escaping from the triangular opening 
with a DCI flap; no turtle captures (i.e., failing to escape through 
the TED within 5 minutes) were observed.

Chauvin Shrimp Deflector

    NMFS is also proposing to amend 50 CFR 223.207(d) to add a shrimp 
deflector as an allowable modification to hard TEDs. As a means of 
reducing the loss of shrimp through the TED opening, a Louisiana 
fisherman developed a simple shrimp deflector device pursuant to 50 CFR 
223.207(e)(2). The device consists of a length of 3-inch (7.6-cm) 
diameter PVC pipe positioned perpendicular to the flow of water within 
the trawl along the leading edge of the TED escape opening. Shrimp that 
are moving down the top of the trawl and TED extension come in contact 
with the pipe and are deflected down and away from the TED escape 
opening.
    To ensure that the Chauvin shrimp deflector would not interfere 
with the escapement of turtles, the device was evaluated using the 
small turtle testing protocol. The device was installed in a top-
opening, bent-bar TED which measured 52 inches (132.1 cm) in height by 
42 inches (106.7 cm) in width. A double-cover flap was installed over 
the opening and modified by the installation of zippers along the 
leading edge of each flap piece. The zippers allow each flap piece of 
the double-cover flap to be easily rolled back to allow for improved 
fish escapement through the TED. Testing of the Chauvin shrimp 
deflector resulted in 0 turtle captures out of 25 trials, thereby 
passing the test for certification. An additional evaluation was 
conducted to ensure that the device would not prevent the escapement of 
larger sea turtles through the TED escape opening. The evaluation was 
conducted through the use of an aluminum-frame leatherback sea turtle 
model, controlled by a diver within the trawl and pushing it through 
the experimental TED opening. The leatherback model measured 40 inches 
(101.6 cm) in width, 60 inches (152.4 cm) in length, and 21 inches 
(53.3 cm) in height. Divers experienced no difficulty in pushing the 
model leatherback frame through the double-cover TED opening with the 
Chauvin shrimp deflector installed. Due to anticipated issues with 
debris accumulation and subsequent turtle escapement, the Chauvin 
shrimp deflector was not tested in a bottom-opening TED configuration; 
therefore, it may not be installed in a net with a bottom escape 
opening.

Parker TED Offshore Opening

    The current specifications at 50 CFR 223.207(c)(1)(iv)(B) for the 
offshore opening of the Parker TED allow the use of a single row of 
steel chain no larger than \3/16\ inch (0.48 cm) to be sewn on to the 
back edge of the webbing flap. However, when the Parker TED was tested 
and certified by NMFS' gear specialists in June 1997, it was rigged 
with \1/4\ inch (0.64 cm) steel chain. Therefore, the proposed rule 
would amend 50 CFR 223.207(c)(1)(iv)(B) to correct this error and allow 
the use of chain no larger than \1/4\ inch (0.64) to be used on the 
trailing edge of the webbing flap.

Modified Flounder TED

    NMFS is also proposing to amend 50 CFR 223.207(b), to add an 
additional TED for use in the summer flounder fishery. As an 
alternative to the flounder TED specified at 50 CFR 223.207(b)(1), the 
Northeast Fisheries Science Center and industry developed a modified 
flounder TED grid that offered a larger grid surface to mitigate 
potential clogging issues to improve catch retention, and which had the 
ability to be rolled onto a net reel. The modified flounder TED 
consists of two frame sections 36 inches (91.4 cm) in height and 48 
inches (121.9 cm) in width, which are lashed together with heavy twine 
in order to maintain a consistent angle in both sections. The perimeter 
of the modified flounder TED is constructed of round pipe, while the 
deflector bars are constructed of flat bar. The upper frame section 
consists of vertical flat deflector bars, while the lower frame section 
has angled horizontal flat bars. The lower frame section also has three 
rectangles, each with a height of 10 inches (25.4 cm) and a width of 14 
inches (35.6 cm), which are framed using round pipe.
    The modified flounder TED was evaluated using the small turtle test 
protocol in June 2008. In a sample size of 25 turtles, the top-opening 
control TED captured 0 turtles. A turtle is considered captured if it 
fails to escape through the TED within 5 minutes. Based on the 
performance of the control TED, this meant that a candidate TED would 
fail the test with 1 turtle capture because of the statistical 
probability the candidate TED may not achieve the standard (i.e., 
control TED performance) turtle exclusion rate of 97 percent or more. 
The modified flounder TED was tested in a top-opening configuration 
installed at 30 degrees with 5-inch bar spacing in the upper grid, and 
captured 2 turtles in 14 turtle exposures, at which point the 
evaluation was terminated; both of these turtle captures occurred when 
the turtles passed through the 5-inch bar spacing of the upper grid. 
The modified flounder TED was reconfigured with 4-inch bar spacing and 
re-tested. The modified flounder TED with 4-inch bar spacing in the 
upper grid (top-opening configuration installed at 30 degrees) captured 
0 turtles in a sample size of 25 exposures, passing the certification 
test under the small turtle testing protocol; due to time constraints, 
testing was not conducted at higher angles.
    The modified flounder TED was again evaluated using the small 
turtle test

[[Page 53932]]

protocol in July 2009 to determine its effectiveness at higher angles. 
In a sample size of 25 turtles, the top-opening control TED captured 2 
turtles. A turtle is considered captured if it fails to escape through 
the TED within 5 minutes. Based on the performance of the control TED, 
this meant that a candidate TED would fail the test with 1 turtle 
capture because of the statistical probability the candidate TED may 
not achieve the standard (i.e., control TED performance) turtle 
exclusion rate of 97 percent or more. The modified flounder TED was 
tested in a top-opening configuration installed at 55 degrees, and 
captured 3 turtles in 7 exposures, failing the certification test under 
the small turtle testing protocol. The modified flounder TED was re-
installed at 45 degrees, and captured 0 turtles in 25 exposures, 
passing the certification test under the small turtle testing protocol. 
Therefore, the modified flounder TED is certified for use only at 
angles between 30 and 45 degrees.

Addition of Brace Bars as Allowable Modifications to Hard TEDs and 
Special Hard TEDs

    NMFS is also proposing to amend 50 CFR 223.207(d), to allow the use 
of a horizontal brace bar on a TED to increase the strength of the grid 
and prevent flexing of the vertical deflector bars. When properly 
installed on the rear face of the TED grid, a brace bar has no effect 
on turtle exclusion out of the TED escape opening. While a brace bar is 
required on the proposed flat bar TED, NMFS proposes to add brace bars 
as an allowable optional modification to other hard TEDs. Specifically, 
a brace bar constructed of aluminum or steel rod or tubing specified in 
50 CFR 223.207(a)(1)(i)(A) through (C) may be added to a TED to prevent 
spreading of the deflector bars beyond the maximum allowable 4 inch (10 
cm) spacing between the bars (50 CFR 223.207(a)(4)). The brace bar must 
be attached to the frame and each individual deflector bar, and may be 
welded directly to the aft face of the grid or may be attached with 
spacer bars no longer than 5 inches (12.7 cm) in length that are welded 
to the aft face of each deflector bar. Spacer bars attached to the 
deflector bars must be constructed of the same material as the 
deflector bars (e.g., solid steel rod with a minimum outside diameter 
of \1/4\ inch (0.63 cm). For solid bar and tubing, spacers will need 
concave (i.e., half-moon) shaped ends to be welded to the deflector and 
brace bar.

Summary of Proposed Revisions to TED Requirements

    Based on the documented results during TED testing, NMFS proposes 
to authorize: the use of \1/4\ inch (0.63 cm) thick and 1\1/2\ inch 
(3.8 cm) deep flat bar, and rectangular and oval pipe meeting the 
current minimum dimensions cited at 50 CFR 223.207(a)(1) as 
construction materials in currently-approved TED grids; an increase in 
maximum mesh size on escape flaps from 1\5/8\ to 2 inches (4.1 to 5.1 
cm); the inclusion of the Boone Big Boy TED for use in the shrimp 
fishery; the use of three large TED and Boone Wedge Cut escape 
openings; and the use of the Chauvin Shrimp Deflector in a top-opening 
TED configuration to improve shrimp retention. NMFS also proposes to 
include a new TED for use in the summer flounder fishery. Additionally, 
there is a proposed correction to the TED regulations to rectify an 
error regarding the maximum size chain that can be used on the Parker 
TED escape opening flap, and the proposed addition of a brace bar as an 
allowable modification to hard TEDs.

References Cited

    Gulf and South Atlantic Fisheries Foundation, Incorporated. 2008. 
An Assessment of Turtle Excluder Devices within the Southeastern Shrimp 
Fisheries of the United States. NOAA/NMFS Cooperative Agreement Number 
NA04NMF4540112;92.

Certifications

    This proposed rule has been determined to be not significant for 
purposes of Executive Order 12866.
    The Chief Counsel for Regulation of the Department of Commerce 
certified to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business 
Administration that this rule would not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities. The basis for this 
certification follows:
    This proposed rule would not impose any new requirements on fishing 
entities in the southeastern shrimp fishery. An exact number of total 
fishing entities in the southeastern shrimp fishery is unavailable, 
though approximately 5,000 vessels are estimated as currently active. 
This proposed rule would simply allow fishermen, at their discretion, 
to use an alternative TED in their shrimp nets. Any decision to use an 
alternative TED would be expected to occur only if a fisherman judges 
it will result in improved fishing performance without a substantial 
increase in cost. As a result, any effects are expected to be positive 
and no adverse economic impacts are expected to accrue. Therefore, an 
initial regulatory flexibility analysis is not required and none has 
been prepared.
    The Endangered Species Act provides the statutory basis for this 
rule.

List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 223

    Endangered and threatened species; Exports; Imports; 
Transportation.

    Dated: August 26, 2010.
Samuel D. Rauch III,
Deputy Assistant Administrator for Regulatory Programs, National Marine 
Fisheries Service.

    For the reasons set out in the preamble, 50 CFR Part 223 is 
proposed to be amended as follows:

PART 223--THREATENED MARINE AND ANADROMOUS SPECIES.

    1. The authority citation for part 223 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority:  16 U.S.C. 1531-1543; subpart B, Sec.  223.201-202 
also issued under 16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.; 16 U.S.C. 5503(d) for 
Sec.  223.206(d)(9).

    2. In Sec.  223.207, paragraph (a)(1)(i) introductory text is 
revised; paragraph (a)(1)(i)(C) is revised; new paragraph (a)(1)(i)(D) 
is added; paragraphs (a)(7)(ii)(D) and(E) are added; new paragraphs 
(b)(3) and(4) are added; paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(B) is revised; paragraphs 
(d)(3) introductory text and (d)(3)(iii) are revised; and paragraphs 
(d)(3)(iv), (d)(8), and (d)(9) are added, to read as follows:


Sec.  223.207  Approved TEDs.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (i) Single-grid and inshore hooped hard TED. A single-grid hard TED 
or an inshore hooped hard TED must be constructed of one or a 
combination of the following materials, unless otherwise specifically 
restricted below, with minimum dimensions as follows:
* * * * *
    (C) Steel or aluminum round, oval, or rectangular tubing with a 
minimum outside diameter or width of \1/2\ inch (1.27 cm) and a minimum 
wall thickness of \1/8\ inch (0.32 cm; also known as schedule 40 
tubing).
    (D) Steel or aluminum flat bar with dimensions no less than \1/4\ 
inch (0.64 cm) in thickness by 1-\1/2\ inches (3.85 cm) in depth. For 
flat bar less than \3/8\ inch (0.95 cm) in thickness, a horizontal 
brace bar to reinforce the deflector bars must be permanently attached 
to the frame and the rear face of each of the deflector bars within 4 
inches (10.2 cm) of the midpoint of the TED frame. The

[[Page 53933]]

horizontal brace bar must be constructed of approved material 
consistent with paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section. The horizontal 
brace bar may be offset behind the deflector bars, using spacer bars, 
not to exceed 5 inches (12.7 cm) in length and constructed of the same 
size or larger flat bar as the deflector bars.
* * * * *
    (7) * * *
    (ii) * * *
    (D) Boone Wedge Cut opening. (Figure 17 to this part). The escape 
opening is made by making two cuts in the TED extension; one cut is 
fore and aft (i.e., along the length of the extension) and the other 
cut is horizontal to the extension. The horizontal cut is 50 meshes 
long and begins at a point 4 inches (10.2 cm) inward from the outside 
edge of the grid on one side and runs to the same point on the opposite 
side of the grid. The fore and aft cut begins in the middle of the 
horizontal cut and runs forward 49.5 inches (125.7 cm) toward the front 
edge of the TED extension. The added wedge of webbing is attached along 
its two leading edges to the edges of the fore and aft cut. The webbing 
wedge is made of 1\7/8\ inch (4.8 cm) webbing and must have at least 41 
meshes measuring at least 72 inches wide (182.9 cm) along its base (aft 
edge). The height of the wedge must measure at least 48.5 inches (123 
cm). The top of the wedge is two bars across the leading edge then cut 
with a 1 point then 6 bar taper. A webbing flap, as described in 
paragraph (d)(3)(iv) of this section, may be used with this escape 
opening, so long as the minimum opening size is achieved.
    (E) Large TED openings. (Figures 18a, 18b, and 18c of this part). 
Large TED escape openings may be utilized in the following 
configurations:
    (1) A triangular cut (Figure 18a to this part), where the base of 
the triangle is defined by a straight-line measurement of the opening 
between the webbing attachment points on the TED frame that is no less 
than 40 inches (102 cm). The two side cuts of the triangle must be an 
all-bar taper from the point at which the webbing attaches to the TED 
frame to the apex of the triangle cut. Each side cut of the triangle 
must measure no less than 53 inches (135 cm). The sum of the straight-
line base measurement and two side cuts must be no less than 147 inches 
(373 cm). The side cuts of the triangular opening may be reinforced 
using rib lines attached from the TED frame to the apex of the opening. 
A webbing flap, as described in either paragraph (d)(3)(ii) or (iii) of 
this section, may be used with this escape opening, so long as the 
minimum opening size is achieved.
    (2) All-bar or all-points side cuts and a horizontal leading edge 
cut (Figures 18b and 18c to this part), where the straight-line 
measurement of the opening between the webbing attachment points on the 
TED frame may not be less than 40 inches (102 cm), and the two side 
cuts of the escape opening must not be less than 26 inches (66 cm) long 
from the points of the cut immediately forward of the TED frame. Only 
all-bar or all-points side cuts may be used; no combination tapers may 
be used when making the side cuts. The sum of the straight-line base 
measurement and the stretched measurements of the side cuts and leading 
edge cut must be no less than 147 inches (373 cm). A webbing flap, as 
described in either paragraph (d)(3)(ii) or (iii) of this section, may 
be used with this escape opening, so long as the minimum opening size 
is achieved.
* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (3) Boone Big Boy TED. The Boone Big Boy TED is a single-grid hard 
TED with a minimum outside horizontal and vertical measurement of 36.5 
inches (92.7 cm) and 48 inches (121.9 cm), respectively. The frame must 
be constructed of steel rod with a minimum outside diameter of \1/2\ 
inch (1.3 cm). The deflector bars must be constructed of steel rod with 
a minimum outside diameter of \1/4\ inch (0.64 cm). The space between 
the deflector bars must not exceed 4 inches (10.2 cm). A horizontal 
brace bar constructed of at least \1/4\ inch (0.64-cm) steel rod must 
be permanently attached to the frame and the rear face of each of the 
deflector bars within 4 inches (10.2 cm) of the midpoint of the TED 
frame. The horizontal brace bar may be offset behind the deflector 
bars, using spacer bars, not to exceed 5 inches (12.7 cm) in length and 
must be constructed of the same size or larger material as the 
deflector bars. The Boone Big Boy TED must be used with the Boone Wedge 
Cut escape opening specified in (a)(7)(ii)(D) of this section. The 
angle of the deflector bars must be between 30[deg] and 55[deg] from 
the normal, horizontal flow through the interior of the trawl. The 
Boone Big Boy TED is exempt from the requirements of paragraph 
(a)(3)(ii) of this section, and may be installed at 55[deg] when 
fishing in the Gulf SFSTCA or the Atlantic SFSTCA.
    (4) Modified flounder TED. (Figure 11 to this part). The modified 
flounder TED is approved for use only in the Atlantic summer flounder 
bottom trawl fishery. The modified flounder TED is not an approved TED 
for use by shrimp trawlers. The modified flounder TED incorporates two 
separate grid frames that are attached together. The frames of the 
grids must be constructed of at least 1\1/4\ inch (3.2 cm) outside 
diameter aluminum or steel pipe with a wall thickness of at least \1/8\ 
inch (0.32 cm). Each of the two grids of the modified flounder TED must 
have outside dimensions of at least 36 inches (91.4 cm) in height and 
at least 48 inches (121.9 cm) in width. The upper grid is equipped with 
vertical deflector bars, which must be constructed of aluminum or steel 
flat bar with a minimum depth of 1\1/4\ inches (3.2 cm) and a minimum 
thickness of \3/8\ inch (0.95 cm). Vertical deflector bars must be 
connected to the top and bottom of the upper grid. The space between 
the deflector bars of the upper grid must not exceed 4 inches (10.2 
cm). The lower grid is fabricated with both horizontal and vertical 
deflector bars, creating four narrow horizontal openings at the top, 
and three large rectangular openings along the bottom of the grid. The 
lower grid must have at least three horizontal deflector bars, 
constructed of aluminum or steel flat bar with a minimum depth of 1\1/
2\ inches (3.8 cm) and a minimum thickness of \3/8\ inch (0.95 cm), 
which are connected to each side of the grid and angled at 30[deg] from 
the horizontal plane. Below this, a fourth horizontal deflector bar 
must be constructed of aluminum or steel pipe with a wall thickness of 
at least \1/8\ inch (0.32 cm) and with a 1\1/4\ inch (3.2 cm) outside 
diameter. These horizontal deflector bars must yield maximum spacings 
of 4\1/2\ inches (11.4 cm), 5\1/2\ inches (14.0 cm), 5\1/2\ inches 
(14.0 cm), and 4\1/2\ inches (11.4 cm), as constructed from top to 
bottom and measured between the leading edges of adjacent deflector 
bars. There must be a maximum 10-inch (25.4 cm) space between the 
bottom-most horizontal deflector pipe bar and the grid frame bottom. 
Two additional vertical pipe sections running from the bottom of the 
grid frame to the bottom-most horizontal deflector pipe bar must divide 
the opening at the bottom into three rectangles, each with a maximum 
height of 10 inches (25.4 cm) and a maximum width of 14 inches (35.6 
cm). This TED must comply with paragraph (a)(2) of this section. The 
upper and lower grids of this TED must be laced together with heavy 
twine no less than \1/4\ inch (0.64 cm) in diameter in order to 
maintain a consistent angle in both sections. There may be a gap 
between the two sections not to exceed 1 inch (2.54 cm). The angle of 
the entire TED frame must be between 30[deg] and 45[deg] from

[[Page 53934]]

the normal, horizontal flow through the interior of the trawl. The 
entire width of the escape opening from the trawl must be centered on 
and immediately forward of the frame at the top of the net when the net 
is in its deployed position. The slope of the grids and the vertical 
deflector bars from forward to aft is upward. The modified flounder TED 
must use an escape opening consistent with paragraph (a)(7)(ii)(B), 
(C), (D), or (E) of this section. A webbing flap, as described in 
paragraphs (d)(3)(ii), (iii), or (iv) of this section, may be used with 
this escape opening, so long as the minimum opening size is achieved. 
This TED may not be configured with a bottom escape opening. 
Installation of an accelerator funnel is not permitted with this TED.
    (c) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (iv) * * *
    (B) Offshore opening. A horizontal cut extending from the 
attachment of one side of the deflector panel to the trawl to the 
attachment of the other side of the deflector panel to the trawl must 
be made in a single row of meshes across the top of the trawl and 
measure at least 96 inches (243.8 cm) in taut width. All trawl webbing 
above the deflector panel between the 96-inch (243.8-cm) cut and edges 
of the deflector panel must be removed. A rectangular flap of nylon 
webbing not larger than 2-inch (5.1-cm) stretched mesh may be sewn to 
the forward edge of the escape opening. The width of the flap must not 
be larger than the width of the forward edge of the escape opening. The 
flap must not extend more than 12 inches (30.5 cm) beyond the rear 
point of the escape opening. The sides of the flap may be attached to 
the top of the trawl but must not be attached farther aft than the row 
of meshes through the rear point of the escape opening. One row of 
steel chain not larger than \1/4\ inch (0.64 cm) may be sewn evenly to 
the back edge of the flap. The stretched length of the chain must not 
exceed 96 inches (244 cm). A Parker TED using the escape opening 
described in this paragraph meets the requirements of Sec.  
223.206(d)(2)(iv)(B). This opening or one that is larger must be used 
in all offshore waters and in the inshore waters of Georgia and South 
Carolina. It also may be used in other inshore waters.
* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (3) Webbing flap. A webbing flap may be used to cover the escape 
opening under the following conditions: No device holds it closed or 
otherwise restricts the opening; it is constructed of webbing with a 
stretched mesh size no larger than 2 inches (5.1 cm); it lies on the 
outside of the trawl; it is attached along its entire forward edge 
forward of the escape opening; it is not attached on the sides beyond 
the row of meshes that lies 6 inches (15.2 cm) behind the posterior 
edge of the grid; the sides of the flap are sewn on the same row of 
meshes fore and aft; and the flap does not overlap the escape hole cut 
by more than 5 inches (12.7 cm) on either side.
* * * * *
    (iii) Double cover offshore TED flap. This flap must be composed of 
two equal size rectangular panels of webbing. Each panel must be no 
less than 58 inches (147.3 cm) wide and may overlap each other no more 
than 15 inches (38.1 cm). The panels may only be sewn together along 
the leading edge of the cut. The trailing edge of each panel must not 
extend more than 24 inches (61 cm) past the posterior edge of the grid 
(Figure 16 to this part). Each panel may be sewn down the entire length 
of the outside edge of each panel. Paragraph (d)(3) of this section 
notwithstanding, this flap may be installed on either the outside or 
inside of the TED extension. For interior installation, the flap may be 
sewn to the interior of the TED extension along the leading edge and 
sides to a point intersecting the TED frame; however, the flap must be 
sewn to the exterior of the TED extension from the point at which it 
intersects the TED frame to the trailing edge of the flap. Chafing 
webbing described in paragraph (d)(4) of this section may not be used 
with this type of flap.
    (iv) Boone Wedge Cut opening flap. (Figure 17 to this part). This 
escape opening flap is attached to the trailing edge of the horizontal 
cut and the wedge. The flap is made from a piece of 1-\7/8\ inch (4.8 
cm) webbing that is trapezoid in shape. The leading edge must be at 
least 94 meshes wide, stretching to at least 164.5 inches (417.8 cm). 
The trailing edge is at least 87 meshes wide and at least 152 inches 
(386.1 cm). The two sides are at least 8 meshes long and at least 15 
inches (38.1 cm). The escape opening flap is attached only to the 
leading edge of the escape opening cut and is not attached along its 
sides.
* * * * *
    (8) Chauvin shrimp deflector. (Figures 19a and 19b of this part). 
The Chauvin shrimp deflector may be used on any approved TED design, 
but its installation must not reduce the minimum stretched measurements 
of the TED opening. The Chauvin shrimp deflector may not be installed 
with a bottom escape opening. The Chauvin shrimp deflector is 
constructed from a single piece of 3-inch (7.6-cm) inside diameter PVC 
pipe which measures 30 inches (76.2 cm) in length; the ends of the PVC 
pipe are left uncapped. A webbing or mesh bag is made and is used to 
encase the PVC pipe (Figure 19a to this part). The mesh bag is created 
using a single piece of 1-\5/8\ inch (4.1 cm) stretched-mesh webbing 
made of nylon or polyethylene with dimensions 57 meshes wide by 10 
meshes deep. The leading edge of the 57-mesh piece of webbing is 
attached around the PVC pipe and back to the row of meshes located 7 
meshes down the 10-mesh length. The ends of the webbing are sewn 
together on each end forming a webbing bag to assure the PVC pipe 
remains encased in the webbing. This leaves a 3-mesh tail hanging from 
the encased PVC pipe. The 3-mesh tail of the encased PVC pipe is then 
sewn to a single row of meshes on the inside of the trawl along the 57-
mesh edge, 3 meshes ahead of the forward cut of the TED escape opening. 
This would allow a 3-mesh overlap to the left and right of the forward 
cut (Figure 19b of this part).
    (9) Brace bar. (Figure 14a of this part). A horizontal brace bar 
may be added to a TED if it is constructed of aluminum or steel rod or 
tubing specified in 50 CFR 223.207(a)(1)(i)(A) through (C) and it is 
permanently attached to the frame and the rear face of each of the 
deflector bars within 4 inches (10.2 cm) of the midpoint of the TED 
frame. The horizontal brace bar may be offset behind the deflector 
bars, using spacer bars, not to exceed 5 inches (12.7 cm) in length and 
must be constructed of the same size or larger material as the 
deflector bars.
* * * * *
    3. Add Figure 11 to Part 223 to read as follows:
Figure 11 to Part 223--Modified Flounder TED
BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

[[Page 53935]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP02SE10.002

    5. Add Figure 17 to Part 223 to read as follows:
Figure 17 to Part 223--Boone Wedge Cut Escape Opening

[[Page 53936]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP02SE10.003

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP02SE10.004


[[Page 53937]]


    6. Add Figures 18a, 18b, and 18c to Part 223 to read as follows:
Figures 18a, 18b, and 18c to Part 223--Large Frame TED Escape Opening: 
Minimum Dimensions Using All-Bar Cuts (Triangular Cut); Large Frame TED 
Escape Opening: Minimum Dimensions Using All-Bar Cuts and Leading Edge 
Cut; Large Frame TED Escape Opening: Minimum Dimensions Using All-
Points Side Cut (Rectangular Cut)
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP02SE10.005

    7. Add Figures 19a and 19b to Part 223 to read as follows:
Figures 19a and 19b to Part 223--Chauvin Shrimp Deflector Installation 
Details

[[Page 53938]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP02SE10.006

[FR Doc. 2010-21823 Filed 9-1-10; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-22-C