[Federal Register Volume 74, Number 249 (Wednesday, December 30, 2009)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 69194-69217]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: E9-30500]



[[Page 69193]]

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Part II





Environmental Protection Agency





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40 CFR Part 63



National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Area 
Sources: Chemical Preparations Industry; Final Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 74 , No. 249 / Wednesday, December 30, 2009 / 
Rules and Regulations  

[[Page 69194]]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 63

[EPA-HQ-OAR-2009-0028; FRL-9095-1]
RIN 2060-AN46


National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Area 
Sources: Chemical Preparations Industry

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: EPA is promulgating national emissions standards for control 
of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) from the chemical preparations area 
source category. These final emissions standards for new and existing 
sources reflect EPA's final determination regarding the generally 
available control technology or management practices (GACT) for the 
source category.

DATES: This final rule is effective on December 30, 2009.

ADDRESSES: EPA has established a docket for this action under Docket ID 
No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2009-0028. All documents in the docket are listed in the 
Federal Docket Management System index at http://www.regulations.gov. 
Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly 
available, e.g., confidential business information (CBI) or other 
information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other 
material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet 
and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly 
available docket materials are available either electronically in 
http://www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Area Source NESHAP 
for Chemical Preparations Manufacturing Docket, EPA/DC, EPA West, Room 
3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC. The Public Reading 
Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, 
excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public Reading 
Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the Air Docket is 
(202) 566-1742.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Warren Johnson, Outreach and 
Information Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards 
(C404-05), Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, 
North Carolina 27711, telephone number: (919) 541-5124; fax number: 
(919) 541-0242; e-mail address: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 
    Outline. The information in this preamble is organized as follows:

I. General Information
    A. Does This Action Apply to Me?
    B. Where Can I Get a Copy of This Document?
    C. Judicial Review
II. Background Information for This Final Rule
III. Summary of Changes Since Proposal
IV. Summary of Final Standards
    A. Do the Final Standards Apply to My Source?
    B. When Must I Comply With the Final Standards?
    C. What Are My Final Standards?
    D. What Are My Initial and Continuous Monitoring Requirements?
    E. What Are My Notification, Recordkeeping, and Reporting 
Requirements?
    F. What Are the Title V Permit Requirements?
V. Summary of Comments and Responses
    A. Source Category Listing and Applicability
    B. Alternative Standards
    C. GACT Limits
    D. Initial Compliance
    E. Continuous Monitoring, Inspections and Reporting
    F. Title V Permitting
    G. Cost Impacts
    H. Miscellaneous
VI. Impacts of the Final Standards
    A. What Are the Air Impacts?
    B. What Are the Cost Impacts?
    C. What Are the Economic Impacts?
    D. What Are the Non-Air Health, Environmental, and Energy 
Impacts?
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
    A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review
    B. Paperwork Reduction Act
    C. Regulatory Flexibility Act
    D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
    E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
    F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With 
Indian Tribal Governments
    G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From 
Environmental Health and Safety Risks
    H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use
    I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
    J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address 
Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income 
Populations
    K. Congressional Review Act

I. General Information

A. Does this Action Apply to Me?

    The regulated category and entities potentially affected by the 
final standards include:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                      NAICS      Examples of regulated
             Category                code \1\           entities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
All other miscellaneous chemical       325998  Area source facilities
 product and preparation                        that manufacture
 manufacturing.                                 chemical preparations
                                                containing metal
                                                compounds of chromium,
                                                lead, manganese, or
                                                nickel, except for
                                                manufacturers of
                                                indelible ink, India
                                                ink, writing ink, and
                                                stamp pad ink. Chemical
                                                preparations include,
                                                but are not limited to,
                                                fluxes, water treatment
                                                chemicals, rust
                                                preventatives and
                                                plating chemicals,
                                                concrete additives,
                                                gelatin, and drilling
                                                fluids.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ North American Industry Classification System.

    This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a 
guide for readers regarding entities likely to be affected by this 
action. Chemical preparation operations described by the NAICS code 
325998 that manufacture indelible ink, India ink, writing ink, and 
stamp pad ink are subject to area source regulations for paints and 
allied products (40 CFR Subpart CCCCCCC). See 40 CFR 63.11599. 
Therefore, chemical preparation operations that manufacture indelible 
ink, India ink, writing ink or stamp pad ink, or any combination 
thereof, are subject to the paints and allied products area source rule 
and those operations must comply all applicable requirements specified 
in Subpart CCCCCCC. Such operations are not subject to the final 
chemical preparations area source rule. To determine whether operations 
at your facility are regulated by this action, you should examine the 
applicability criteria in 40 CFR 63.11579 of subpart BBBBBBB (NESHAP 
for Area Sources: Chemical Preparations Industry). If you have any 
questions regarding the applicability of this action to a particular 
entity or operations at your

[[Page 69195]]

facility, consult either the delegated authority for the entity or your 
EPA regional representative as listed in 40 CFR 63.13 of subpart A 
(General Provisions).

B. Where Can I Get a Copy of This Document?

    In addition to being available in the docket, an electronic copy of 
this final action will also be available on the Worldwide Web (WWW) 
through the Technology Transfer Network (TTN). Following signature, a 
copy of this final action will be posted on the TTN's policy and 
guidance page for newly final or promulgated rules at the following 
address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg/. The TTN provides information 
and technology exchange in various areas of air pollution control.

C. Judicial Review

    Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean Air Act (CAA), judicial review 
of this final rule is available only by filing a petition for review in 
the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit 
by March 1, 2010. Under section 307(b)(2) of the CAA, the requirements 
established by this final rule may not be challenged separately in any 
civil or criminal proceedings brought by EPA to enforce these 
requirements.
    Section 307(d)(7)(B) of the CAA further provides that ``[o]nly an 
objection to a rule or procedure which was raised with reasonable 
specificity during the period for public comment (including any public 
hearing) may be raised during judicial review.'' This section also 
provides a mechanism for EPA to convene a proceeding for 
reconsideration, ``[i]f the person raising an objection can demonstrate 
to EPA that it was impracticable to raise such objection within [the 
period for public comment] or if the grounds for such objection arose 
after the period for public comment (but within the time specified for 
judicial review) and if such objection is of central relevance to the 
outcome of the rule.'' Any person seeking to make such a demonstration 
to us should submit a Petition for Reconsideration to the Office of the 
Administrator, U.S. EPA, Room 3000, Ariel Rios Building, 1200 
Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460, with a copy to both the 
person(s) listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT 
section, and the Associate General Counsel for the Air and Radiation 
Law Office, Office of General Counsel (Mail Code 2344A), U.S. EPA, 1200 
Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460.

II. Background Information for This Final Rule

    Section 112(d) of the CAA requires EPA to establish national 
emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) for both major 
and area sources of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) that are listed for 
regulation under CAA section 112(c). A major source emits or has the 
potential to emit 10 tons per year (tpy) or more of any single HAP or 
25 tpy or more of any combination of HAP. An area source is a 
stationary source that is not a major source.
    Section 112(k)(3)(B) of the CAA calls for EPA to identify at least 
30 HAP that, as the result of emissions from area sources, pose the 
greatest threat to public health in the largest number of urban areas. 
EPA implemented this provision in 1999 in the Integrated Urban Air 
Toxics Strategy (64 FR 38715, July 19, 1999). Specifically, in the 
Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy, EPA identified 30 HAP that pose 
the greatest potential health threat in urban areas, and these HAP are 
referred to as the ``30 urban HAP.'' Section 112(c)(3) requires EPA to 
list sufficient categories or subcategories of area sources to ensure 
that area sources representing 90 percent of the emissions of the 30 
urban HAP are subject to regulation. We also implemented these 
requirements through the Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy. A 
primary goal of the Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy is to achieve 
a 75 percent reduction in cancer incidence attributable to HAP emitted 
from stationary sources.
    Under CAA section 112(d)(5), we may elect to promulgate standards 
or requirements for area sources ``which provide for the use of 
generally available control technology or management practices (GACT) 
by such sources to reduce emissions of hazardous air pollutants.'' 
Additional information on GACT is found in the Senate report on the 
legislation (Senate Report Number 101-228, December 20, 1989), which 
describes GACT as:

    * * * methods, practices and techniques which are commercially 
available and appropriate for application by the sources in the 
category considering economic impacts and the technical capabilities 
of the firms to operate and maintain the emissions control systems.

    Consistent with the legislative history, we can consider costs and 
economic impacts in determining GACT, which is particularly important 
when developing regulations for source categories, like this one, that 
have almost 40 percent of firms classified as small businesses 
according to the Small Business Administration (SBA) standards in 13 
CFR 121.201. For this source category, small businesses are defined as 
those with fewer than 500 employees.
    Determining what constitutes GACT involves considering the control 
technologies and management practices that are generally available to 
the area sources in the source category. We also consider the standards 
applicable to major sources in the same industrial sector to determine 
if the control technologies and management practices employed by those 
sources are transferable and generally available to area sources. In 
appropriate circumstances, we may also consider technologies and 
practices at area and major sources in similar categories to determine 
whether such technologies and practices could be considered generally 
available for the area source category being considered. Finally, as 
noted above, in determining GACT for a particular category of area 
sources, we consider the costs and economic impacts of using available 
control technologies and management practices on sources in that 
category.
    We are promulgating these national emission standards in response 
to a court-ordered deadline that requires EPA to sign final rules 
establishing emission standards for two source categories listed 
pursuant to section 112(c)(3) and (k) by December 16, 2009 (Sierra Club 
v. Johnson, no. 01-1537, D.D.C., March 2006). We intend to publish a 
separate rulemaking in the Federal Register for the other source 
category due in December 2009.

III. Summary of Changes Since Proposal

    The final rule contains several revisions and clarifications to the 
proposed rule in response to public comments. We explain the reasons 
for the following changes in detail in the summary of comments and 
responses (section V of this preamble):
     Revised the definition of chemical preparation to mean a 
target HAP-containing product, or intermediate used in the manufacture 
of other products, manufactured in a process operation described by the 
NAICS code 325998 if the operation manufactures target HAP-containing 
products or intermediates other than indelible ink, India ink, writing 
ink, and stamp pad ink. Indelible ink, India ink, writing ink, and 
stamp pad ink manufacturing operations are subject to regulation under 
the paints and allied products area source rule (40 CFR part 63, 
subpart CCCCCCC), not this rule.
     Revised the emission standard for existing sources to 
include an

[[Page 69196]]

alternative standard of 0.03 grains per dry standard cubic foot (gr/
dscf) particulate matter (PM) concentration at the outlet of the 
control device as an alternative to routing process vent streams to a 
control device with a 95 percent PM reduction efficiency.
     Added standards for new sources that require either 
routing process vent streams to a control device with a 98 percent PM 
efficiency or meeting the 0.03 gr/dscf alternative standard mentioned 
above.
     Revised the standards to include a mechanism that allows 
sources (which in these standards means the collection of emission 
points from chemical preparations operations) to demonstrate and 
certify that the process vent streams in the chemical preparation 
operations at the facility will not exceed PM concentrations of 0.03 
gr/dscf. This revision is intended to significantly reduce monitoring, 
recordkeeping and reporting requirements for sources that have, or can 
establish, very small process emissions.
     Revised the monitoring requirements to provide options for 
the use of bag leak detection systems, audible parameter monitor alarm 
systems, or a continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS). We also 
removed the use of a continuous emissions monitoring systems (CEMS) as 
an alternative to a CPMS, since we are unaware of any existing chemical 
preparations area sources currently using CEMS to monitor PM emissions, 
and do not expect any sources to operate a CEMS system to monitor 
compliance with the final standards (see discussion in section V.E.).
     Clarified the averaging requirements for sources using a 
CPMS so that the average is calculated on the basis of either a 24-hour 
rolling period or a batch period (i.e., the period that equipment is 
processing a batch of target HAP-containing materials), whichever is 
less.
     Revised the reporting requirements to require only annual 
reporting if no deviations occur, but semiannual reporting if a 
deviation occurred within the reporting period.
     Modified the inspection requirements for vent collection 
system ductwork that is difficult or dangerous to access.
     Revised the definition of ``responsible official'' to make 
it easier for sources to identify the appropriate person at a chemical 
preparations facility.
     Corrected a typographical error in Table 2 to specify that 
the PM test method is Method 5, not 5A.
     Corrected a typographical error in Sec.  63.11585 where 
there were two paragraphs identified as paragraph (b).
     Clarified the definition of ``chemical preparation'' to 
specify that it applies to target HAP-containing products or 
intermediates.
     Revised the definition of ``target HAP-containing'' to 
clarify separate minimum concentration levels for trivalent and 
hexavalent chromium compounds.

IV. Summary of Final Standards

A. Do the Final Standards Apply to My Source?

    The final subpart BBBBBBB standards apply to each existing and new 
area source chemical preparations facility, as defined in the final 
rule. The standards do not apply to research or laboratory facilities, 
as defined in section 112(c)(7) of the CAA. They also do not apply to 
chemical preparation operations described by the NAICS code 325998 that 
manufacture indelible ink, India ink, writing ink, and stamp pad ink, 
which are subject to area source regulations for paints and allied 
products (40 CFR part 63, Subpart CCCCCCC).

B. When Must I Comply With the Final Standards?

    All existing area source facilities subject to this final rule are 
required to comply with the rule requirements no later than December 
30, 2010. New sources are required to comply with the rule requirements 
by December 30, 2009 or upon startup of the facility, whichever is 
later.
    Because the majority of existing sources in this category are 
already well-controlled, we believe that one year is a reasonable 
amount of time to allow existing sources to conduct compliance 
demonstrations and prepare the initial reports required for compliance 
with the final rule.

C. What Are My Final Standards?

    As we explained in the proposed rule, PM is a surrogate for the 
target HAP (i.e., metal compounds of chromium, lead, manganese, and 
nickel). The final standards for existing sources require process vent 
streams from chemical manufacturing processes with equipment that uses, 
contains or contacts target HAP to either be routed to a control device 
with a 95 percent PM reduction efficiency or to meet an outlet 
concentration of 0.03 gr/dscf, with or without control. For new sources 
the final standards require these process vent streams to either be 
routed to a control device with a 98 percent PM reduction efficiency or 
the process vent stream must meet an outlet concentration of 0.03 gr/
dscf, with or without control. On a process by process basis, if an 
existing source can demonstrate and certify that the PM concentration 
of each of the process vent streams from equipment that uses, contains 
or contacts target HAP within a chemical preparation operation will not 
exceed 0.03 gr/dscf, then the source is not required to route the 
process vent streams to a control device with a 95 percent PM reduction 
efficiency. The final rule includes appropriately reduced recordkeeping 
and reporting requirements for sources that can comply with the 0.03 
gr/dscf alternative standard without the use of a control device.

D. What Are My Initial and Continuous Monitoring Requirements?

    The final standards require an initial compliance assessment that 
process vent streams are either being routed to a control device with a 
95 percent (98 percent for new sources) PM reduction efficiency or with 
an outlet PM concentration of 0.03 gr/dscf, or a certification that 
process vent streams from equipment that either contains, contacts, or 
is processing target HAP-containing materials will not exceed a PM 
concentration of 0.03 gr/dscf. The owner and operator must also 
establish parameter values (e.g., liquid flow or pressure drop) for the 
control device that will be monitored to demonstrate continuous 
compliance or must install a bag system leak detection system or 
audible parameter monitoring alarm which indicates failure of the 
particulate control system.
    The rule provides alternatives for demonstrating initial 
compliance. Specifically, initial compliance assessments to determine 
whether the PM percent reduction standard or outlet concentration 
standard are being met may consist of performance testing, control 
device manufacturer performance guarantees, or engineering 
calculations. Sources that opt to demonstrate and certify that the PM 
concentration of each of the process vent streams from equipment that 
either contains, contacts, or is processing target HAP-containing 
materials within a chemical preparation operation will not exceed 0.03 
gr/dscf must provide either emission test data or engineering 
calculations to support their certification.
    For existing sources, the final standards require owners or 
operators to conduct the initial compliance assessment by June 28, 
2011. Owners or operators of new sources are required to

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conduct compliance assessments by June 28, 2010 or 180 days after 
startup, whichever is later.
    The rule provides alternative for demonstrating continuous 
compliance. Continuous compliance with the final emission limits is 
demonstrated by monitoring control device operating parameters 
established during the initial compliance assessment or with a bag leak 
detector system. For an existing source that opts to use a CPMS, the 
final standards for demonstrating continuous compliance are based upon 
an overall average per batch or over 24 hours, whichever is less, when 
the equipment either contains, contacts, or is processing target HAP-
containing materials. As alternatives to a CPMS, sources must install 
either a bag leak detection system, such as a triboelectric monitor and 
alarm, or a parameter monitor alarm that will alert operators of 
periods when the device parameters (such as pressure drop or scrubber 
liquid flow rate) are outside the operating upper or lower threshold or 
range specified by the control device manufacturer.
    In the final rule, sources certifying that the particulate matter 
concentration of each of the process vent streams from equipment that 
uses, contains or contacts target HAP within a chemical preparation 
operation will not exceed 0.03 gr/dscf have appropriately reduced duct 
collection system inspection requirements to ensure that the basis for 
the grain loading does not change. In addition, they must record 
material loss information that supports their certification for each 
subsequent quarter and must continue to operate in accordance with 
their certifications.

E. What Are My Notification, Recordkeeping, and Reporting Requirements?

    Affected new and existing sources are required to comply with 
certain reporting requirements set forth in this final rule as well as 
certain requirements set forth in the General Provisions (40 CFR part 
63, subpart A), as identified in Tables 5 and 6 of this final rule. The 
General Provisions include specific requirements for notifications, 
recordkeeping, and reporting. Among other requirements, each facility 
is required to submit an initial notification that complies with the 
requirements in 40 CFR 63.9(b) of the General Provisions within 120 
days of the effective date of the final rule and a notification of 
compliance status that complies with the requirements in 40 CFR 63.9(h) 
within 60 days after completion of the initial compliance assessment. 
Sources must keep records to identify periods when equipment contains, 
contacts, or is processing target HAP-containing materials, as well as 
records of control device performance guarantees, inspections and 
monitoring system calibrations for CPMS, if applicable. Facilities are 
also required to submit semi-annual compliance summary reports if a 
deviation occurs within the reporting period. If no deviation occurs, 
then annual compliance summary reports must be submitted.
    Sources certifying that the particulate matter concentration of 
each of the process vent streams from equipment that either contains, 
contacts, or is processing target HAP-containing materials within a 
chemical preparation operation will not exceed 0.03 gr/dscf have 
appropriately reduced recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

F. What Are the Title V Permit Requirements?

    This final rule exempts the chemical preparations manufacturing 
area source category from title V permitting requirements unless the 
affected source is otherwise required by law to obtain a title V 
permit. For example, sources that have title V permits because they are 
major sources under the criteria pollutant program would maintain those 
permits.

V. Summary of Comments and Responses

    During the comment period on the proposed rule, we received eleven 
comment letters, which were submitted by industry, small business 
environmental assistance programs and environmental advocacy groups. 
Sections V.A. through V.H. summarize some of the more significant 
comments and explain our response. For comment summaries and responses 
not addressed in this preamble, see the response to comment document in 
the docket for this rule, Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2009-0028.

A. Source Category Listing and Applicability

    Comment. Several commenters contended that EPA did not provide the 
opportunity to comment on the addition of the chemical preparations 
source category to the area source category list and that chemical 
preparations should not be regulated as a source category per sections 
112(c)(3) and 112(k)(3)(B)(ii) of the CAA.
    Response. We listed the chemical preparations source category on 
November 22, 2002, under CAA section 112(c)(3) in one of a series of 
amendments (67 FR 70427) to the original source category list included 
in the 1999 Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy, for which there was 
opportunity to comment. We included this source category on the section 
112(c)(3) area source category list, based upon emissions data for the 
1990 baseline year, for its contribution toward meeting the CAA section 
112(c)(3)'s requirement that we list sufficient categories and 
subcategories of sources to ensure that area sources representing 90 
percent of the area source emissions of the 30 hazardous air pollutants 
that present the greatest threat to public health in the largest number 
of urban areas are subject to regulation under CAA section 112. The 
chemical preparations area source category was listed for its 
contributions toward meeting the 90 percent requirement for compounds 
of chromium, manganese, lead and nickel. The commenters in this case 
were concerned that this source category would overlap with other 
source categories for which they are subject. The overlap concerns are 
addressed in the following comment response.
    Comment. Several commenters contended that the chemical 
preparations area source category as defined in the proposed rule 
overlaps with the chemical manufacturing and paint and allied products 
source categories and advocated that the applicability of the rule be 
further clarified to avoid confusion regarding which area source 
regulation applies to a particular operation.
    Response. When the chemical preparations area source category was 
initially listed, it was identified as consisting of facilities covered 
by standard industrial classification (SIC) code 2899. We subsequently 
moved to the use of North American Industrial Classification System 
(NAICS) codes, rather than SIC codes, to identify the types of 
facilities included in a particular area source category. SIC codes are 
translated to NAICS codes using the U.S. Census Bureau's ``bridge''. 
The ``bridge'' correlates the four-digit SIC code to the corresponding 
six-digit NAICS code or codes. As discussed in the background 
information document for the proposal (See Docket EPA-HQ-OAR-2009-
0028), under the ``bridge'' the 2899 SIC code translates to four 
separate NAICS codes (311942--Spice and extract manufacturing, 325199--
All other basic organic chemical manufacturing, 325510--Paint and 
coating manufacturing, 325998--All other miscellaneous chemical product 
and preparation manufacturing). As a result,

[[Page 69198]]

at the time of proposal, we believed that it was possible for the 
chemical preparations source category to consist of operations that 
could be classified under one of these four possible North American 
Industrial Classification System (NAICS) codes, depending on the 
product or intermediate the operation was producing. In the proposed 
rule, we, therefore, identified all four categories as potentially 
containing sources subject to the chemical preparations area source 
rule. Based on comments we received on the proposal, however, we now 
recognize that the chemical preparations area source category as listed 
consists exclusively of sources classified by NAICS code 325998. (For a 
more detailed discussion of the circumstances, see the final technical 
support document included in the docket for this final rule.) We also 
realized that the NAICS code 311942, spice and extract manufacturing, 
is not a source of target HAP emissions, since operations conducted at 
facilities included in that NAICS code produce table salt and other 
food products. In addition, we have determined that sources in NAICS 
code 325999 are subject to the chemical manufacturing area source rule 
(40 CFR part 63, subpart VVVVVV) and that sources in NAICS code 325510 
are subject to the paint and allied products area source rule (40 CFR 
part 63, subpart CCCCCCC). For these reasons, this final rule only 
applies to facilities classified by NAICS code 325998. (40 CFR 63.11579 
and 63.11588.) Based on these comments, we also recognized that even 
within the 325998 NAICS code there was some overlap with the paint and 
allied products area source rule (40 CFR part 63, subpart CCCCCCC). 
Specifically, we recognized that sources in the 325998 NAICS code that 
manufacture indelible ink, India ink, writing ink, and stamp pad ink 
are subject to regulation under the paint and allied products area 
source rule. (40 CFR 63.11599) Operations at sources in the 325998 
NAICS code that manufacture indelible ink, India ink, writing ink, or 
stamp pad ink, or any combination thereof, are, therefore, not subject 
to this final rule. (40 CFR 63.11579 and 63.11588.)
    To facilitate these changes, the definition of ``chemical 
preparation'' in the final rule has been revised to read as follows:
    Chemical preparation means a target HAP-containing product, or 
intermediate used in the manufacture of other products, manufactured in 
a process operation described by the NAICS code 325998 if the operation 
manufactures target HAP-containing products or intermediates other than 
indelible ink, India ink, writing ink, and stamp pad ink. Indelible 
ink, India ink, writing ink, and stamp pad ink manufacturing operations 
are subject to regulation by the paints and allied products area source 
rule (40 CFR part 63, subpart CCCCCCC).

B. Alternative Standards

    Comment. Several commenters asked questions regarding whether their 
operations were subject to the rule and, presuming their operations 
were subject, expressed support for including an alternative compliance 
option based on a PM concentration. One commenter described an 
operation where liquids containing target HAP compounds were mixed in a 
closed tank. According to the commenter, PM matter is not emitted from 
this mixing operation. The commenter further stated that demonstrating 
95 percent control would be difficult, since there were no discernable 
PM emissions from this operation.
    Response. We agree with the commenter, and have added an 
alternative standard of 0.03 gr/dscf PM concentration to the final 
rule. Sources may either meet the requirement to route the process vent 
stream to a control device with a 95 percent PM reduction efficiency or 
the 0.03 gr/dscf PM concentration standard. Furthermore, sources 
demonstrating and providing a certification statement that each of the 
process vent streams from equipment that either contains, contacts, or 
is processing target HAP-containing materials within a chemical 
preparation operation will not exceed 0.03 gr/dscf have appropriately 
reduced reporting, recordkeeping and inspection requirements (to ensure 
that the basis for the PM concentration certification does not change).

C. GACT Limits

    Comment. One commenter contends that, ``EPA failed to calculate any 
potential HAP reductions from the proposed rule, because the proposed 
rule will not actually lead to any reductions.'' The commenter believes 
that the proposed rule is `` * * * to preserve the status quo * * *'' 
and that the level of control currently in place is the accepted level 
of control.
    Response. The commenter does not challenge any aspect of EPA's 
proposed GACT determination for this area source category. Instead, the 
commenter makes a blanket assertion that EPA is not acting consistently 
with the purposes of the area source provisions in the CAA (i.e., 
sections 112(c)(3) and 112(k)(3)(B)), because it is not requiring 
emission reductions beyond the level that is currently being achieved 
from this well-controlled source category. In support of this 
assertion, the commenter compares the requirements in the proposed rule 
to the area source category's current emission and control status. Such 
a comparison is flawed.
    Congress promulgated the relevant CAA area source provisions in 
1990 in light of the level of area source HAP emissions at that time. 
Congress directed EPA to identify not less than 30 HAP which, as a 
result of emissions from area sources, present the greatest threat to 
public health in the largest number of urban areas, and to list 
sufficient area source categories to ensure that area sources 
representing 90 percent of the 30 HAP listed are subject to regulation. 
As explained in the Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy, EPA based its 
listing decisions on the baseline National Toxics Inventory (NTI) that 
the Agency compiled for purposes of implementing its air toxics program 
after the 1990 CAA Amendments (64 FR 38706, 38711, n.10). The baseline 
NTI reflected HAP emissions from chemical preparations manufacturing 
area sources in 1990. Thus, contrary to the commenter's suggestion, the 
relevant emission level for comparison is the emission level reflected 
in our baseline NTI, not the current emission level.
    Furthermore, in promulgating the area source provisions in the CAA, 
Congress did not require EPA to issue area source standards that must 
achieve a specific level of emission reduction. Rather, Congress 
authorized EPA to issue standards under section 112(d)(5) for area 
sources that reflect GACT for the source category. To qualify as being 
generally available, a GACT standard would most likely be an existing 
control technology or management practice: ``[A]n equipment standard 
would require neighborhood dry cleaning establishments to employ the 
commercially available systems associated with the lowest measured 
emissions * * *. S. Rep. 101-128, at 171-172 (emphasis added). Thus, it 
is both reasonable and consistent with Congressional intent that the 
GACT-based standards being finalized today codify the use of the 
existing effective PM control approach being used by sources in the 
category. For all of these reasons, this final rule is consistent with 
sections 112(c)(3), 112(k)(3)(B), and 112(d)(5).
    Comment. One commenter asserted that, although section 112(d)(5) 
does authorize EPA to issue GACT standards in lieu of maximum 
achievable control

[[Page 69199]]

technology (MACT) standards, the Agency's decision to do so is subject 
to familiar administrative law requirements. The commenter maintained 
that to be non-arbitrary, the decision must--at a minimum--be supported 
by a rational explanation. The commenter stated that EPA has provided 
no explanation whatsoever for its apparent decision to issue GACT 
standards instead of MACT standards and, for this reason alone, its 
decision is arbitrary and capricious.
    The commenter stated that EPA's decision to issue GACT standards 
pursuant to CAA section 112(d)(5), instead of MACT standards pursuant 
to section 112(d)(2) and (3), is arbitrary and capricious because EPA 
provided no rationale for its decision to issue GACT standards. The 
commenter also claimed that the proposed standards are based solely on 
cost and are thus unlawful and arbitrary. The commenter claims that CAA 
section 112(d)(5) does not direct EPA to set standards based on what is 
cost effective; rather, according to the commenter EPA must establish 
GACT based on the ``methods, practices and techniques which are 
commercially available and appropriate for application by the sources 
in the category considering economic impacts.'' The commenter stated 
that, because cost effectiveness is not relevant under CAA section 
112(d)(5), the reliance on cost effectiveness as the sole determining 
factor in establishing GACT renders the proposed standards unlawful.
    Response. As the commenter recognizes, in section 112(d)(5), 
Congress gave EPA explicit authority to issue alternative emission 
standards for area sources. Specifically, section 112(d)(5), which is 
titled, ``Alternative standard for area sources,'' provides:

    With respect only to categories and subcategories of area 
sources listed pursuant to subsection (c) of this section, the 
Administrator may, in lieu of the authorities provided in paragraph 
(2) and subsection (f) of this section, elect to promulgate 
standards or requirements applicable to sources in such categories 
or subcategories which provide for the use of generally available 
control technologies or management practices by such sources to 
reduce emissions of hazardous air pollutants. See CAA section 
112(d)(5).

    There are two critical aspects to section 112(d)(5). First, section 
112(d)(5) applies only to those categories and subcategories of area 
sources listed pursuant to section 112(c). The commenter does not 
dispute that EPA listed the chemical preparations area source category 
pursuant to section 112(c). Second, section 112(d)(5) provides that, 
for area sources listed pursuant to section 112(c)(3), EPA ``may, in 
lieu of'' the authorities provided in section 112(d)(2) and 112(f), 
elect to promulgate standards pursuant to section 112(d)(5).
    Section 112(d)(2) provides that emission standards established 
under that provision ``require the maximum degree of reduction in 
emissions'' of HAP (also known as MACT). Section 112(d)(3), in turn, 
defines what constitutes the ``maximum degree of reduction in 
emissions'' for new and existing sources. See section 112(d)(3). 
Webster's dictionary defines the phrase ``in lieu of'' to mean ``in the 
place of'' or ``instead of.'' See Webster's II New Riverside University 
(1994). Thus, section 112(d)(5) authorizes EPA to promulgate standards 
under section 112(d)(5) that provide for the use of GACT, instead of 
issuing MACT standards pursuant to section 112(d)(2) and (d)(3). The 
statute does not set any condition precedent for issuing standards 
under section 112(d)(5) other than that the area source category or 
subcategory at issue must be one that EPA listed pursuant to section 
112(c)(3), which is the case here.
    The commenter argues that EPA must provide a rationale for issuing 
GACT standards under section 112(d)(5), instead of MACT standards. The 
commenter is incorrect. Had Congress intended that EPA first conduct a 
MACT analysis for each area source category, Congress would have stated 
so expressly in section 112(d)(5). Congress did not require EPA to 
conduct any MACT analysis, floor analysis or beyond-the-floor analysis 
before the Agency could issue a section 112(d)(5) standard. Rather, 
Congress authorized EPA to issue GACT standards for area source 
categories listed under section 112(c)(3), and that is precisely what 
EPA has done in this rulemaking.
    Although EPA need not justify its exercise of discretion in 
choosing to issue a GACT standard for an area source listed pursuant to 
section 112(c)(3), EPA still must have a reasoned basis for the GACT 
determination for the particular area source category. The legislative 
history supporting section 112(d)(5) provides that GACT is to 
encompass:

    * * * methods, practices and techniques which are commercially 
available and appropriate for application by the sources in the 
category considering economic impacts and the technical capabilities 
of the firms to operate and maintain the emissions control systems. 
See Senate Report on the 1990 Amendments to the Act (S. Rep. No. 
101-228, 101st Cong. 1st session. 171-172). The discussion in the 
Senate report clearly provides that EPA may consider costs in 
determining what constitutes GACT for the area source category.

    Congress plainly recognized that area sources differ from major 
sources, which is why Congress allowed EPA to consider costs in setting 
GACT standards for area sources under section 112(d)(5), but did not 
allow that consideration in setting MACT floors for major sources 
pursuant to section 112(d)(3). This important dichotomy between section 
112(d)(3) and section 112(d)(5) provides further evidence that Congress 
sought to do precisely what the title of section 112(d)(5) states--
provide EPA the authority to issue ``[a]lternative standards for area 
sources.''
    Notwithstanding the commenter's claim, EPA properly issued 
standards for the area source category at issue here under section 
112(d)(5) and in doing so provided a reasoned basis for its selection 
of GACT for the chemical preparations area source category. As 
explained in the proposed rule and below, EPA evaluated the control 
technologies and management practices that reduce PM emissions at 
chemical preparations manufacturing facilities. In its evaluation, EPA 
used information from industry contacts and reviewed operating permits 
to identify the emission controls and management practices that are 
currently used to control PM emissions.
    In our evaluation, we determined that all of the chemical 
preparations operations are currently controlled with either a fabric 
filter or wet scrubber.
    The commenter further argues that EPA inappropriately chose GACT 
based solely on costs, and, according to the commenter, cost is not 
relevant to GACT determinations and as such the standards are unlawful. 
We disagree. Contrary to the commenter's assertions, the Agency's 
consideration of cost effectiveness in establishing GACT and the 
Agency's views on what is a cost effective requirement under section 
112(d)(5) are relevant. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit 
has stated that cost effectiveness is a reasonable measure of cost as 
long as the statute does not mandate a specific method of determining 
cost. See Husqvarna AB v. EPA, 254 F.3d 195, 201 (DC Cir. 2001) 
(finding that EPA's decision to consider costs on a per ton of 
emissions removed basis is reasonable because CAA section 213 did not 
mandate a specific method of cost analysis).
    The commenter also failed to provide any information indicating 
that our cost-effectiveness determinations were unreasonable and, 
likewise, failed to provide any information concerning the

[[Page 69200]]

economic impacts associated with requiring the standards that the 
commenter suggests represent GACT. The commenter appears to take issue 
with the manner in which the Agency establishes GACT but provides no 
alternative approach, instead only attacking the Agency's consideration 
of cost (i.e., cost-effectiveness) as a consideration in the 
establishment of GACT. The Agency proposed GACT standards for the 
chemical preparations area source category that were established 
consistent with the requirements of CAA section 112(d)(5).
    Finally, even though not required, EPA did provide a rationale for 
why it set a GACT standard in the proposed rule. In the proposal, we 
explained that the facilities in the chemical preparations area source 
category at issue here are already well controlled for the urban HAP 
for which the source category was listed pursuant to section 112(c)(3). 
See 74 FR 39018 through and 39019. Consideration of costs and economic 
impacts is especially important for the well-controlled area sources at 
issue in this final action. Given the current, well-controlled emission 
levels, a MACT floor determination, where costs cannot be considered, 
could result in only marginal reductions in emissions at very high 
costs for the area source category.

D. Initial Compliance

    Comment. Several commenters contended that EPA proposed a very 
short compliance deadline for existing sources--only one year from 
issuance of the final rule. The commenters argue that the proposed one-
year compliance deadline is premised upon EPA's assumption, which they 
do not agree with, that sources will not have to install or modify air 
pollution control or monitoring equipment to meet the standards.
    Response. We generally disagree, particularly when additional 
flexibilities included in the final rule are considered. The comment 
appears to be premised on an incorrect assumption that new control 
devices will need to be installed to comply with the PM emission 
limits. We continue to believe that additional add-on controls will not 
be needed to comply with the final GACT standards, particularly since 
we revised the proposed GACT limits by providing an alternative PM 
concentration limit. Likewise, we have revised the proposed monitoring 
requirements by providing compliance alternatives for existing and new 
facilities. Sources may use a CPMS, a bag leak detection system or a 
parameter monitor alarm system that notifies the operator when the 
device is operating outside the manufacturer's recommended range. A bag 
leak detection system or parameter monitor alarm systems are 
significantly less complicated to install and operate than a CPMS and 
provide a comparable level of assurance that the source is operating in 
compliance with applicable requirements. Sources that already operate 
CPMS have the option of continuing to use their existing system to 
demonstrate compliance. Consequently, we believe that the proposed 
compliance deadline of 1 year is adequate.

E. Continuous Monitoring, Inspections and Reporting

    Comment. One commenter stated that CEMS are not applicable to small 
chemical preparations operations.
    Response. We agree with the commenter that current permit data do 
not support requiring CEMS for existing sources. The final rule does 
not contain any CEMS requirements.
    Comment. Several commenters contended that the use of CPMS was 
uncommon at existing chemical preparations facilities, and that the 
costs of installing these systems were not accounted for in the 
proposed rule.
    Response. We agree that requiring CPMS installation and operation 
for existing sources that do not already utilize such a system to 
monitor their control device's performance may not be economically 
feasible based upon data from the commenters. As a result, we have 
revised the rule so that existing and new sources can demonstrate 
continuous compliance through the use of any of the following: (1) A 
CPMS; (2) a bag leak detection system that notifies operators when a 
leak is detected; or (3) a parameter monitor with an audible alarm that 
notifies operators when a monitored control device parameter, such as 
pressure drop or scrubber liquid flow rate, is outside of the control 
device manufacturer's recommendations. Note that neither the bag leak 
detection system nor the parameter monitor alarm systems require a data 
acquisition and handling system to function properly, which, according 
to commenters, is the predominant portion of the cost of a CPMS.
    Comment. Several commenters contended that the inspection 
requirements were too burdensome, arguing that the vent collection 
system may be difficult to access or inspect and that inspections are 
unnecessary because the vent collection systems are induced draft 
systems.
    Response. We disagree that the proposed requirements are too 
burdensome. The required inspections are simple external visual 
assessments of the integrity of the collection system. This should be 
easily accomplished by sources. While these may be induced draft 
systems, we believe that they still warrant inspection. For example, an 
inspection can identify points along the ductwork where PM may be 
building up inside the duct and consequently falling out of leaks in 
the ductwork, indicating not only the existence of a possible leak, but 
that the amount of vacuum that the system was designed to induce is not 
being achieved. We do, however, recognize the need for inspection 
safety and have added provisions to the final rule that reduce 
inspection requirements for sections of ductwork that are deemed to be 
unsafe or difficult to inspect.
    Comment. Several commenters contended that semiannual reporting is 
too burdensome for area sources and is more appropriate for major 
source requirements.
    Response. We have revised the final rule reporting requirements so 
that sources must submit an annual report instead of semi-annual 
reports if no deviations occur. If a deviation occurs, then a semi-
annual report must be submitted that summarizes the deviation and 
describes the corrective actions taken by the facility.

F. Title V Permitting

    Comment. One commenter argued that the agency's proposal to exempt 
the chemical preparations area source category from title V 
requirements is unlawful and arbitrary. The commenter states that 
section 502(a) of the CAA authorizes EPA to exempt area source 
categories from title V permitting requirements if the Administrator 
finds that compliance with such requirements is ``impracticable, 
infeasible or unnecessarily burdensome.'' 42 U.S.C. section 7661a(a). 
The commenter notes that EPA did not claim that title V requirements 
are impracticable or infeasible for the chemical preparations area 
source category it proposes to exempt, but that EPA instead relied 
entirely on its claim that title V would be ``unnecessarily 
burdensome.''
    Response. Section 502(a) of the CAA states, in relevant part, that:

    * * * [t]he Administrator may, in the Administrator's discretion 
and consistent with the applicable provisions of this chapter, 
promulgate regulations to exempt one or more source categories (in 
whole or in part) from the requirements of this subsection if the 
Administrator finds that compliance with such requirements is

[[Page 69201]]

impracticable, infeasible, or unnecessarily burdensome on such 
categories, except that the Administrator may not exempt any major 
source from such regulations. See 42 U.S.C. section 7661a(a).

    The statute plainly vests the Administrator with discretion to 
determine when it is appropriate to exempt non-major (i.e., area) 
sources of air pollution from the requirements of title V. The 
commenter correctly notes that EPA based the proposed exemptions solely 
on a determination that title V is ``unnecessarily burdensome,'' and 
did not rely on whether the requirements of title V are 
``impracticable'' or ``infeasible,'' which are alternative bases for 
exempting area sources from title V.
    To the extent the commenter is asserting that EPA must determine 
that all three criteria in CAA section 502 are met before an area 
source category can be exempted from title V, the commenter misreads 
the statute. The statute expressly provides that EPA may exempt an area 
source category from title V requirements if EPA determines that the 
requirements are ``impracticable, infeasible or unnecessarily 
burdensome.'' See CAA section 502. If Congress had wanted to require 
that all three criteria be met before a category could be exempted from 
title V, it would have stated so by using the word ``and,'' in place of 
``or.'' For the reasons explained in the preamble to the proposed rule, 
we believe that it is appropriate to exempt sources in the chemical 
preparation area source category, which are not otherwise required to 
have a title V permit, from title V permitting and, on that basis, have 
retained the exemption in the final rule.
    Comment. One commenter stated that in order to demonstrate that 
compliance with title V would be ``unnecessarily burdensome,'' EPA must 
show, among other things, that the ``burden'' of compliance is 
unnecessary. According to the commenter, by promulgating title V, 
Congress indicated that it viewed the burden imposed by its 
requirements as necessary as a general rule. The commenter maintained 
that the title V requirements provide many benefits that Congress 
viewed as necessary. Thus, in the commenter's view, EPA must show why, 
for any given category, special circumstances make compliance 
unnecessary. The commenter believed that EPA has not made that showing 
for the chemical preparations area source category it proposes to 
exempt.
    Response. EPA does not agree with the commenter's characterization 
of the demonstration required for determining that title V is 
unnecessarily burdensome for an area source category. As stated above, 
the CAA provides the Administrator discretion to exempt an area source 
category from title V if he/she determines that compliance with title V 
requirements is ``impracticable, infeasible, or unnecessarily 
burdensome'' on an area source category. See CAA section 502(a). In 
December 2005, in a national rulemaking, EPA interpreted the term 
``unnecessarily burdensome'' in CAA section 502 and developed a four 
factor balancing test for determining whether title V is unnecessarily 
burdensome for a particular area source category, such that an 
exemption from title V is appropriate. See 70 FR 75320, December 19, 
2005 (``Exemption Rule''). In addition to interpreting the term 
``unnecessarily burdensome'' and developing the four factor balancing 
test in the Exemption Rule, EPA applied the test to certain area source 
categories.
    The four factors that EPA identified in the Exemption Rule for 
determining whether title V is unnecessarily burdensome on a particular 
area source category include: (1) Whether title V would result in 
significant improvements to the compliance requirements, including 
monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting, that are proposed for an area 
source category (70 FR 75323); (2) whether title V permitting would 
impose significant burdens on the area source category and whether the 
burdens would be aggravated by any difficulty the sources may have in 
obtaining assistance from permitting agencies (70 FR 75324); (3) 
whether the costs of title V permitting for the area source category 
would be justified, taking into consideration any potential gains in 
compliance likely to occur for such sources (70 FR 75325); and (4) 
whether there are implementation and enforcement programs in place that 
are sufficient to assure compliance with the NESHAP for the area source 
category, without relying on title V permits (70 FR 75326).
    In discussing the above factors in the Exemption Rule, we explained 
that we considered on ``a case-by-case basis the extent to which one or 
more of the four factors supported title V exemptions for a given 
source category, and then we assessed whether considered together those 
factors demonstrated that compliance with title V requirements would be 
`unnecessarily burdensome' on the category, consistent with section 
502(a) of the Act.'' See 70 FR 75323. Thus, we concluded that not all 
of the four factors must weigh in favor of exemption for EPA to 
determine that title V is unnecessarily burdensome for a particular 
area source category. Instead, the factors are to be considered in 
combination and EPA determines whether the factors, taken together, 
support an exemption from title V for a particular source category.
    The commenter asserts that ``EPA must show that the ``burden'' of 
compliance is unnecessary.'' This is not, however, one of the four 
factors that we developed in the Exemption Rule in interpreting the 
term ``unnecessarily burdensome'' in CAA section 502, but rather a new 
test that the commenter maintains EPA ``must'' meet in determining what 
is ``unnecessarily burdensome'' under CAA section 502. EPA did not re-
open its interpretation of the term ``unnecessarily burdensome'' in CAA 
section 502 in the August 5, 2009 proposed rule for the chemical 
preparation area source category. Rather, we applied the four factor 
balancing test articulated in the Exemption Rule to this source 
category. Had we sought to re-open our interpretation of the term 
``unnecessarily burdensome'' in CAA section 502 and modify it from what 
was articulated in the Exemption Rule, we would have stated so in the 
August 5, 2009 proposed rule and solicited comments on a revised 
interpretation, which we did not do. Accordingly, we reject the 
commenter's attempt to create a new test for determining what 
constitutes ``unnecessarily burdensome'' under CAA section 502, as that 
issue falls outside the purview of this rulemaking.
    Moreover, had the comment been framed as a request to reopen our 
interpretation of the term ``unnecessarily burdensome'' in CAA section 
502, which it was not, we would deny such request because we have a 
court-ordered deadline to complete this rulemaking by December 16, 
2009. In any event, although the commenter espouses a new 
interpretation of the term ``unnecessarily burdensome'' in CAA section 
502 and attempts to create a new test for determining whether the 
requirements of title V are ``unnecessarily burdensome'' for an area 
source category, the commenter does not explain why EPA's 
interpretation of the term ``unnecessarily burdensome'' is arbitrary, 
capricious or otherwise not in accordance with law. We maintain that 
our interpretation of the term ``unnecessarily burdensome'' in section 
502, as set forth in the Exemption Rule, is reasonable.
    Comment. One commenter stated that exempting a source category from 
title V permitting requirements deprives both the public generally and 
individual members of the public who would obtain and use permitting 
information

[[Page 69202]]

from the benefit of citizen oversight and enforcement that Congress 
plainly viewed as necessary. According to the commenter, the text and 
legislative history of the CAA provide that Congress intended ordinary 
citizens to be able to get emissions and compliance information about 
air toxics sources and to be able to use that information in 
enforcement actions and in public policy decisions on a State and local 
level.
    The commenter stated that Congress did not think that enforcement 
by States or other government entities was enough; if it had, Congress 
would not have enacted the citizen suit provisions, and the legislative 
history of the CAA would not show that Congress viewed citizens' access 
to information and ability to enforce CAA requirements as highly 
important both as an individual right and as a crucial means to 
ensuring compliance. According to the commenter, if a source does not 
have a title V permit, it is difficult or impossible--depending on the 
laws, regulations and practices of the State in which the source 
operates--for a member of the public to obtain relevant information 
about its emissions and compliance status. The commenter stated that 
likewise, it is difficult or impossible for citizens to bring 
enforcement actions.
    The commenter continued that EPA does not claim--far less 
demonstrate with substantial evidence, as would be required--that 
citizens would have the same ability to obtain compliance and emissions 
information about sources in the categories it proposes to exempt 
without title V permits. The commenter also said that likewise, EPA 
does not claim--far less demonstrate with substantial evidence--that 
citizens would have the same enforcement ability. Thus, according to 
the commenter, the exemptions EPA proposes plainly eliminate benefits 
that Congress thought necessary. The commenter claimed that to justify 
its exemptions, EPA would have to show that the informational and 
enforcement benefits that Congress intended title V to confer--benefits 
which the commenter argues are eliminated by the exemptions--are for 
some reason unnecessary with respect to the categories it proposes to 
exempt.
    The commenter concluded that EPA does not even acknowledge these 
benefits of title V, far less explain why they are unnecessary, and 
that, for this reason alone, EPA's proposed exemptions are unlawful and 
arbitrary.
    Response. Once again, the commenter attempts to create a new test 
for determining whether the requirements of title V are ``unnecessarily 
burdensome'' on an area source category. Specifically, the commenter 
argues that EPA does not claim or demonstrate with substantial evidence 
that citizens would have the same access to information and the same 
ability to enforce under these NESHAP, absent title V. The commenter's 
position represents a significant revision of the fourth factor that 
EPA developed in the Exemption Rule in interpreting the term 
``unnecessarily burdensome'' in CAA section 502. For all of the reasons 
explained above, the commenter's attempt to create a new test for EPA 
to meet in determining whether title V is ``unnecessarily burdensome'' 
on an area source category cannot be sustained. This rulemaking did not 
re-open EPA's interpretation of the term ``unnecessarily burdensome'' 
in CAA section 502. EPA reasonably applied the four factors to the 
facts of the chemical preparation area source category, and the 
commenter has not identified any flaw in EPA's application of the four 
factor test.
    Moreover, as explained in the proposal, we considered 
implementation and enforcement issues in the fourth factor of the four 
factor balancing test. Specifically, the fourth factor of EPA's 
unnecessarily burdensome analysis provides that EPA will consider 
whether there are implementation and enforcement programs in place that 
are sufficient to assure compliance with the NESHAP without relying on 
title V permits. See 74 FR 39021.
    In applying the fourth factor here, EPA determined that there are 
adequate enforcement programs in place to assure compliance with the 
CAA. As stated in the proposal, we believe that State-delegated 
programs are sufficient to assure compliance with the NESHAP and that 
EPA retains authority to enforce this NESHAP under the CAA. See 74 FR 
39021. We also indicated that States and EPA often conduct voluntary 
compliance assistance, outreach, and education programs to assist 
sources and that these additional programs will supplement and enhance 
the success of compliance with this NESHAP. See 74 FR 39021. The 
commenter does not challenge the conclusion that there are adequate 
State and Federal programs in place to ensure compliance with and 
enforcement of the NESHAP. Instead, the commenter provides an 
unsubstantiated assertion that information about compliance by the area 
sources with these NESHAP will not be as accessible to the public as 
information provided to a State pursuant to title V. In fact, the 
commenter does not provide any information indicating that States will 
treat information submitted under these NESHAP differently than 
information submitted pursuant to a title V permit.
    Even accepting the commenter's assertions that it is more difficult 
for citizens to enforce the NESHAP absent a title V permit, which we 
dispute, in evaluating the fourth factor in EPA's balancing test, EPA 
concluded that there are adequate implementation and enforcement 
programs in place to enforce the NESHAP. The commenter has provided no 
information to the contrary or explained how the absence of title V 
actually impairs the ability of citizens to enforce the provisions of 
this NESHAP. Furthermore, the fourth factor is just one of the factors 
that we evaluated in determining if the title V requirements were 
unnecessarily burdensome. As explained above, we considered that factor 
together with the other factors and determined that it was appropriate 
to finalize the proposed exemption for the chemical preparation area 
source category.
    Comment. One commenter explained that title V provides important 
monitoring benefits, and, according to the commenter, EPA assumes that 
title V monitoring would not add any monitoring requirements beyond 
those required by the regulations for the source category. The 
commenter said that in its proposal EPA proposed ``using parametric 
monitoring'' of either process changes or add-on controls. 74 FR at 
39020. The commenter further states that ``EPA argues that its proposed 
standard, by including these requirements, provides monitoring 
`sufficient to assure compliance' with the proposed rule. Id. At 39021. 
The commenter maintains that EPA made conclusory assertions and that 
the Agency failed to provide any evidence to demonstrate that the 
proposed monitoring requirements will assure compliance with the NESHAP 
for the exempt sources. The commenter stated that, for this reason as 
well, EPA's claim that title V requirements are ``unnecessarily 
burdensome'' is arbitrary and capricious, and the exemption is unlawful 
and arbitrary and capricious.
    Response. The EPA used the four factor test to determine if title V 
requirements were unnecessarily burdensome for the chemical preparation 
area source category. In the first factor, EPA considers whether 
imposition of title V requirements would result in significant 
improvements to the compliance requirements that are proposed for the 
area source category. See 70 FR 75323. It is in the context of this 
first factor that

[[Page 69203]]

EPA evaluates the monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting requirements 
of the proposed NESHAP to determine the extent to which those 
requirements are consistent with the requirements of title V.
    The commenter asserts that ``EPA argues that its proposed standard, 
by including these requirements, provides monitoring `sufficient to 
assure compliance' with the proposed rule.'' EPA does in fact believe 
that the requirements in the proposed standard, which are carried 
forward in this final rule, provide monitoring ``sufficient to assure 
compliance.'' The commenter does not provide any evidence that 
contradicts this conclusion.
    Based on the foregoing, we considered whether title V monitoring 
requirements would lead to significant improvements in the monitoring 
requirements in the proposed NESHAP and determined that they would not. 
We believe that the monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting 
requirements in this area source rule are sufficient to assure 
compliance. For the reasons described above and in the proposed rule, 
the first factor supports exempting this area source category from 
title V requirements. Further, as explained above, we determined that 
the factors, weighed together, support exemption of the chemical 
preparations area source category from title V.
    Comment. According to one commenter, EPA argued that compliance 
with title V would not yield any gains in compliance with underlying 
requirements in the relevant NESHAP (74 FR 39021). The commenter stated 
that EPA's conclusory claim could be made equally with respect to any 
major or area source category. According to the commenter, the Agency 
provides no specific reasons to believe--with respect to any of the 
categories it proposes to exempt--that the additional informational, 
monitoring, reporting, certification, and enforcement requirements that 
exist in title V, but not in these NESHAP, would not provide additional 
compliance benefits. The commenter also stated that the only basis for 
EPA's claim is, apparently, its beliefs that those additional 
requirements never confer additional compliance benefits. According to 
the commenter, by advancing such an argument, EPA merely seeks to 
elevate its own policy judgment over Congress' decisions reflected in 
the CAA's text and legislative history.
    Response. The commenter takes out of context certain statements in 
the proposed rule concerning the factors used in the balancing test to 
determine if imposition of title V permitting requirements is 
unnecessarily burdensome for the chemical preparations area source 
category. The commenter also mischaracterizes the first factor of the 
four factor balancing test with regard to determining whether 
imposition of title V would result in significant improvements in 
compliance. In addition, the commenter mischaracterizes the analysis in 
the third factor of the balancing test which instructs EPA to take into 
account any gains in compliance that would result from the imposition 
of the title V requirements.
    First, EPA nowhere states, nor does it believe, that title V never 
confers additional compliance benefits as the commenter asserts. 
Rather, EPA considered potential additional compliance benefits 
resulting from requiring a title V permit for sources in the chemical 
preparations area source category and, nevertheless, concluded that 
requiring title V permits would be unnecessarily burdensome.
    Second, the commenter mischaracterizes the first factor by 
asserting that EPA must demonstrate that title V will provide no 
additional compliance benefits. The first factor calls for a 
consideration of ``whether title V would result in significant 
improvements to the compliance requirements, including monitoring, 
recordkeeping, and reporting, that are proposed for an area source 
category.'' Thus, contrary to the commenter's assertion, the inquiry 
under the first factor is not whether title V will provide any 
compliance benefit, but rather whether it will provide significant 
improvements in compliance requirements.
    EPA believes that the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting 
requirements in the final rule are sufficient both to assure compliance 
with the requirements of the rule and to allow the public the 
opportunity to obtain knowledge about the source, consistent with two 
of the goals of title V permitting. For example, in the Initial 
Notification, the source must identify its size, whether it must meet 
any of the GACT requirements in the rule, and how it plans to comply 
with applicable rule requirements. The source must certify how it is 
complying with the rule and that it has complied with the requirements 
to: (1) Establish recordkeeping to demonstrate compliance with the 
emission limits; (2) establish monitoring of the controls as required; 
and, (3) establish recordkeeping regarding the parametric monitoring 
requirements. The source must keep records to document ongoing 
compliance with the emission limits finalized in this rule. The source 
must also submit semi-annual or annual compliance reports to the 
permitting agency. This information is available to the public once the 
source has filed the required compliance reports with the permitting 
agency.
    The EPA believes that these requirements in the rule itself, 
including the requirement to provide information about the source's 
compliance that is available to the public, are sufficient to ensure 
compliance with the requirements of the rule, and does not feel that 
title V requirements, if applicable to these sources, would offer 
significant improvements in compliance.
    Third, the commenter incorrectly characterizes our statements in 
the proposed rule concerning our application of the third factor. Under 
the third factor, EPA evaluates ``whether the costs of title V 
permitting for the area source category would be justified, taking into 
consideration any potential gains in compliance likely to occur for 
such sources.'' Contrary to what the commenter alleges, EPA did not 
state in the proposed rule that compliance with title V would not yield 
any gains in compliance with the underlying requirements in the 
relevant NESHAP, nor does factor three require such a determination.
    Instead, consistent with the third factor, we considered whether 
the costs of title V are justified in light of any potential gains in 
compliance. In other words, EPA must consider the costs of title V 
permitting requirements in conjunction with any improvement in 
compliance above what the rule requires and, on that basis, determine 
whether those costs would be justified. EPA determined that 
approximately 40 percent (10 of the 26) of the sources that EPA 
believes would be subject to the chemical preparations area source rule 
are small businesses with limited resources. As stated in the proposal 
(74 FR 39021), EPA estimated that the average cost of obtaining and 
complying with a title V permit was $65,700 per source for a 5-year 
permit period, including fees. See Information Collection Request for 
Part 70 Operating Permit Regulations, 72 FR 32290, June 12, 2007, EPA 
ICR Number 1587.07. Based on this information, EPA determined that 
there is a significant cost burden to the industry to require title V 
permitting for all the sources subject to the rule. In addition, in 
analyzing factor one, EPA found that imposition of the title V 
requirements offers no significant improvements in compliance. In 
considering the third

[[Page 69204]]

factor, we stated in part that, ``Because the costs, both economic and 
non-economic, of compliance with title V are high for any small entity, 
and the potential for gains in compliance is low, title V permitting is 
not justified for this source category. Accordingly, the third factor 
supports title V exemptions for this area source category.'' See 74 FR 
39021.
    Most importantly, EPA considered all four factors in the balancing 
test in determining whether title V was unnecessarily burdensome on the 
chemical preparations area source category. EPA found it reasonable 
after considering all four factors to exempt this source category from 
the permitting requirements in title V. This rulemaking did not re-open 
EPA's interpretation of the term ``unnecessarily burdensome'' in CAA 
section 502. Because the commenter's statements do not demonstrate a 
flaw in EPA's application of the four factor balancing test to the 
specific facts of the chemical preparations source category, the 
comments provide no basis for the Agency to reconsider its proposal to 
exempt the area source category from title V.
    Comment. According to one commenter, ``[t]he agency does not 
identify any aspect of any of the underlying NESHAP showing that with 
respect to these specific NESHAP--unlike all the other major and area 
source NESHAP it has issued without title V exemptions--title V 
compliance is unnecessary.'' Instead, according to the commenter, EPA 
merely pointed to existing State requirements and the potential for 
actions by States and EPA that are generally applicable to all 
categories (along with some small business and voluntary programs). The 
commenter said that, absent a showing by EPA that distinguishes the 
sources it proposes to exempt from other sources, the Agency's argument 
boils down to the generic and conclusory claim that it generally views 
title V requirements as unnecessary. The commenter stated that, while 
this may be EPA's view, it was not Congress' view when Congress enacted 
title V, and a general view that title V is unnecessary does not 
suffice to show that title V compliance is unnecessarily burdensome.
    Response. The commenter again takes issue with the Agency's test 
for determining whether title V is unnecessarily burdensome, as 
developed in the Exemption Rule. Our interpretation of the term 
``unnecessarily burdensome'' is not the subject of this rulemaking. In 
any event, as explained above, we believe the Agency's interpretation 
of the term ``unnecessarily burdensome'' is a reasonable one. In 
addition, our determination to exempt the chemical preparations area 
source category from title V is specific to this rule, and is not, as 
the commenter suggests, reflective of a general view that title V 
requirements are unnecessary. We review the facts of each area source 
category individually in determining whether to exempt the category, or 
a portion of the category, from the requirements of title V pursuant to 
section 502. To the extent the commenter asserts that our application 
of the fourth factor is flawed, we disagree. The fourth factor involves 
a determination as to whether there are implementation and enforcement 
programs in place that are sufficient to assure compliance with the 
rule without relying on the title V permits. In discussing the fourth 
factor in the proposal, EPA states that, prior to delegating 
implementation and enforcement to a State, EPA must ensure that the 
State has programs in place to enforce the rule. EPA believes that 
these programs will be sufficient to assure compliance with the rule. 
EPA also retains authority to enforce this NESHAP anytime under CAA 
sections 112, 113 and 114. EPA also noted other factors in the proposal 
that together are sufficient to assure compliance with this area source 
standard.
    The commenter argues that EPA cannot exempt this area source from 
title V permitting requirements because ``[t]he agency does not 
identify any aspect of any of the underlying NESHAP showing that with 
respect to these specific NESHAP--unlike all the other major and area 
source NESHAP it has issued without title V exemptions--title V 
compliance is unnecessary.'' As an initial matter, EPA cannot exempt 
major sources from title V permitting 42 U.S.C. 502(a). As for area 
sources, the standard that the commenter proposes--that EPA must show 
that ``title V compliance is unnecessary''--is not consistent with the 
standard the Agency established in the Exemption Rule and applied in 
the proposed rule in determining if title V requirements are 
unnecessarily burdensome for the chemical preparations area source 
category.
    Furthermore, we disagree that the basis for excluding the chemical 
preparations area source category from title V requirements is 
generally applicable to any source category. As explained in the 
proposal preamble and above, we balanced the four factors considering 
the facts and circumstances of the chemical preparations area source 
category. For example, in assessing whether the costs of requiring the 
sources to obtain a title V permit was burdensome, we concluded that, 
because approximately 40 percent (10 of the 26) of the sources were 
small businesses with limited resource, the costs imposed on the source 
category were significant compared to the additional compliance 
benefits offered by the title V permitting process.
    Comment. One commenter stated that the legislative history of the 
CAA shows that Congress did not intend EPA to exempt source categories 
from compliance with title V unless doing so would not adversely affect 
public health, welfare, or the environment. Nonetheless, according to 
the commenter, EPA does not make any showing that its exemptions would 
not have adverse impacts on health, welfare and the environment. The 
commenter stated that, instead, EPA offered only the conclusory 
assertion that ``the level of control would remain the same'' whether 
title V permits are required or not.
    The commenter continued by stating that EPA relied entirely on the 
conclusory arguments advanced elsewhere in its proposal that compliance 
with title V would not yield additional compliance with the underlying 
NESHAP. The commenter stated that those arguments are wrong for the 
reasons given above, and therefore EPA's claims about public health, 
welfare and the environment are wrong too. The commenter also stated 
that Congress enacted title V for a reason: To assure compliance with 
all applicable requirements and to empower citizens to get information 
and enforce the CAA. The commenter said that those benefits--of which 
EPA's proposed rule deprives the public--would improve compliance with 
the underlying standards and thus have benefits for public health, 
welfare and the environment. According to the commenter, EPA has not 
demonstrated that these benefits are unnecessary with respect to any 
specific source category, but again simply rests on its own apparent 
belief that they are never necessary.
    The commenter concluded that, for the reasons given above, the 
attempt to substitute EPA's judgment for Congress' is unlawful and 
arbitrary.
    Response. Congress gave the Administrator the authority to exempt 
area sources from compliance with title V if, in his or her discretion, 
the Administrator ``finds that compliance with [title V] is 
impracticable, infeasible, or unnecessarily burdensome.'' See CAA 
section 502(a). EPA has interpreted one of the three justifications for 
exempting area sources, ``unnecessarily burdensome,''

[[Page 69205]]

as requiring consideration of the four factors discussed above. EPA 
applied these four factors to the chemical preparations area source 
category and concluded that requiring title V for this area source 
category would be unnecessarily burdensome.
    In addition to determining that title V would be unnecessarily 
burdensome on sources in the chemical preparations area source 
category, consistent with the Exemption Rule, EPA also considered 
whether exempting the chemical preparations area source category from 
title V would adversely affect public health, welfare or the 
environment. As explained in the proposal preamble, we concluded that 
exempting the chemical preparations area source category from title V 
would not adversely affect public health, welfare or the environment 
because the level of control would be the same even if title V applied. 
We further explained that the title V permit program does not generally 
impose new substantive air quality control requirements on sources, but 
instead requires that certain procedural measures be followed, 
particularly with respect to determining compliance with applicable 
requirements. The commenter has not provided any information that 
demonstrates that exemption of the chemical preparations area source 
category from title V will adversely affect public health, welfare or 
the environment.

G. Cost Impacts

    Comment. Several commenters stated that compliance costs are 
underestimated for sources that currently do not have monitoring 
systems and/or controls.
    Response. We generally disagree, particularly considering 
additional flexibilities that are included in the final rule. The 
commenter's assertion appears to be premised on the commenters' 
assumption that sources will need to install new control devices. As we 
indicated in the proposed rule, we do not believe that this will be the 
case. Further, with the inclusion of the alternative 0.03 gr/dscf PM 
standard, along with the options for demonstrating ongoing compliance 
other than CPMS available in the final rule, we believe that no new 
capital costs should be factored into the analysis. As such, we believe 
that the compliance costs previously estimated for the proposed rule 
are a reasonable estimate of the cost of complying with this rule.

H. Miscellaneous

    Comment. One commenter requested that EPA be more specific as to 
the chemical by giving a chemical abstracts service (CAS) number. 
According to the commenter, this will make it more specific and direct 
(i.e., is trivalent chromium applicable as chromium or not). The 
commenter proceeds to say that giving the CAS numbers and stating the 
fact that only these specific CAS numbers are applicable to the rule 
would clarify applicability. The commenter, along with another 
commenter, also questioned whether there are distinctions between 
trivalent and hexavalent chromium compounds in the rule. One commenter 
noted that the de minimis thresholds are different in OSHA requirements 
and the Toxics Release Inventory's (TRI's) reporting requirements. 
Several commenters asked, in general, whether there were going to be de 
minimis exemptions provided in the applicability requirements of the 
rule.
    Response. The CAA specifically lists ``chromium compounds'' as a 
hazardous air pollutant. In our original listing for the Urban Air 
Toxics Strategy (64 FR 38706, July 19, 1999), we listed ``chromium 
compounds'' as one of the Urban HAP targeted for the Integrated Urban 
Air Toxics Strategy. CAA section 112(c)(3) requires us to list source 
categories accounting for 90 percent of the emissions of each of the 
listed urban HAP, including chromium compounds. As explained above, we 
need the chemical preparations area source category at issue here to 
reach the 90 percent requirement in CAA section 112(c)(3) for chromium 
compounds. Many of our control strategies for chromium and other metal 
HAP involve the use of PM as a surrogate for chromium and other metal 
HAP. These PM control strategies control all chromium compounds along 
with PM and other metal HAP, therefore the form of chromium would not 
change the type of PM control strategy we choose. In summary, although 
we recognize the differences in the health effects of hexavalent and 
trivalent chromium, we are required to regulate chromium compounds from 
the chemical preparations area source category at issue in this rule.
    As we have pointed out in several other area source rulemakings, 
the CAA section 112(k) inventory was primarily based on the 1990 TRI, 
and that is the case for the chemical manufacturing area source 
categories as well. The reporting requirements for the TRI do not 
include de minimis concentrations of toxic chemicals in mixtures, as 
reflected in the above concentration levels; therefore, the CAA section 
112(k) inventory would not have included emissions from operations 
involving chemicals below these concentration levels. See 40 CFR 
372.38, Toxic Chemical Release Reporting: Community Right-To-Know 
(Reporting Requirements). Accordingly, the percentages noted in the 
definition of ``target HAP-containing'' define the scope of the listed 
source category; they are not exemptions.
    To address the potential for inconsistency with reporting 
requirements, we have revised the definition of ``target HAP-
containing'' to reflect the different thresholds for trivalent and 
hexavalent chromium compounds as follows:
    Target HAP-containing means raw materials, intermediates, or 
products that contain one or more target HAP. Any material that 
contains compounds of chromium (VI), lead, or nickel in amounts greater 
than or equal to 0.1 percent by weight (as the metal), or manganese or 
chromium (III) compounds in amounts greater than or equal to 1.0 
percent by weight (as the metal) is considered to be target HAP-
containing. Target HAP content is shown in the formulation data 
provided by the manufacturer or supplier, such as the Material Safety 
Data Sheet for the material.
    Comment. One commenter suggested that the term ``responsible 
official'' be defined in the rule, believing that plant manager at some 
smaller plants may not qualify as a ``responsible official'' according 
to the General Provisions. According to the commenter, this would 
result in facilities having the additional burden of requesting 
delegation of this through an implementing agency. The commenter 
suggests following the approach and definition used in the National 
Perchloroethylene Air Emission Standards for Dry Cleaning Facilities 
Regulation (``Dry Cleaning NESHAP,'' 40 CFR part 63, subpart M).
    Response. We agree with the commenter that there may be unnecessary 
burdens associated with the requirements for delegation of 
``responsible official,'' as set forth in the General Provisions, for 
small facilities affected by the rule. The approach utilized by 40 CFR 
part 63, subpart M seems to be appropriate for the chemical 
preparations area source category also. Therefore, we have revised the 
definition of ``responsible official'' in the final regulation to be 
more consistent with the definition used in the Dry Cleaning NESHAP.

VI. Impacts of the Final Standards

A. What Are the Air Impacts?

    Since 1990, the performance of the PM control technology utilized 
by the

[[Page 69206]]

chemical preparations industry has not advanced significantly. We 
believe, however, that market forces, such as the economic benefits 
inherent in minimizing raw material or product losses from dust 
emissions, have encouraged widespread use of these controls. Further, 
improvements in formulations of products produced by the chemical 
preparations industry, such as reduction or elimination of lead 
chromate in certain products, have enabled the industry to further 
reduce their air impacts. Therefore, while this final rule does not 
require air emission reductions from existing sources beyond those 
currently being achieved by such sources, we believe that this final 
rule reflects significant reductions in emissions since 1990 based on 
the use of effective PM control technology and ensures that affected 
sources maintain and operate the control equipment such that the 
performance level is maintained.

B. What Are the Cost Impacts?

    All existing chemical preparations industry facilities are expected 
to currently be achieving the level of control required by the final 
standards. That is, we believe that all existing sources currently 
either route vent streams from specified equipment that use target HAP 
to a control device with a 95 percent PM reduction efficiency, or have 
an outlet PM concentration at or below 0.03 gr/dscf. Although this 
final rule contains requirements for new area sources, we are not aware 
of any new area sources being constructed now or planned in the next 3 
years, and, consequently, we did not estimate any cost impacts for new 
sources. Therefore, no additional air pollution control devices would 
be required. No other capital costs are associated with this final rule 
and no operational and maintenance costs are expected because we 
believe that facilities are already following the manufacturer's 
instructions for proper operation and maintenance of pollution control 
devices and vent collection systems.
    The annual cost of monitoring (including inspections), reporting, 
and recordkeeping for this final rule is estimated to be approximately 
$6,800 per facility per year after the first year. The costs are, 
therefore, expected to be less than 1 percent of revenues. The annual 
estimate includes 20 hours per facility per year for preparing 
semiannual compliance reports, which are required only if a deviation 
occurs. Sources with no deviations to report must submit annual 
compliance reports, which would result in less burden than estimated.
    The additional cost of one-time activities during the first year of 
compliance is estimated to be approximately $2,400 per facility. This 
includes labor hours for reading and understanding the rule, 
preparation of the Initial Notification of Applicability, preparation 
of the Notification of Compliance Status, development of a record 
system, and personnel training, for an industry-wide average estimate 
of approximately 32 hours per facility in the first year for one-time 
activities. The resulting total hours for one-time activities, ongoing 
inspections, recordkeeping and semiannual compliance reporting (assumes 
worst-case scenario where a deviation occurs) activities for the first 
year of compliance are 113 hours per facility.
    Information on our cost impact estimates on the sources in the 
chemical preparations area source category is available in the docket 
for this final rule. (See Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2009-0028).

C. What Are the Economic Impacts?

    The only measurable costs attributable to these final standards are 
associated with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting 
requirements. These final standards are estimated to impact a total of 
26 area source facilities. We estimate that approximately 40 percent 
(10 of 26) of these facilities are small entities as defined by the 
SBA. Our analysis indicates that compliance with this final rule would 
not have a significant adverse impact on any facilities, large or 
small, since these costs are less than 1 percent of revenues for each 
facility.

D. What Are the Non-Air Health, Environmental, and Energy Impacts?

    No detrimental secondary impacts are expected to occur from 
compliance with the final rule by chemical preparations industry 
sources because all facilities are currently achieving the GACT level 
of control. No additional solid waste would be generated as a result of 
the PM emissions collected and there are no additional energy impacts 
associated with the operation of control devices at chemical 
preparations industry sources. We expect no increase in the generation 
of wastewater or other water quality impacts.

VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review

    Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993), the 
Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has determined that this action 
is a ``significant regulatory action'' because it may raise novel legal 
or policy issues. Accordingly, EPA submitted this action to the OMB for 
review under Executive Order 12866 and any changes made in response to 
the OMB recommendations have been documented in the docket for this 
action.

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

    The information collection requirements in this final rule have 
been submitted to OMB for approval under the Paperwork Reduction Act, 
44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. The information collection requirements are not 
enforceable until OMB approves them.
    The recordkeeping and reporting requirements in this final rule are 
based on the requirements in EPA's NESHAP General Provisions (40 CFR 
part 63, subpart A). The recordkeeping and reporting requirements in 
the General Provisions are mandatory pursuant to section 114 of the CAA 
(42 U.S.C 7414). All information other than emissions data submitted to 
EPA pursuant to the information collection requirements for which a 
claim of confidentiality is made is safeguarded according to with CAA 
section 114(c) and the Agency's implementing regulations at 40 CFR part 
2, subpart B.
    This final NESHAP requires chemical preparations area sources to 
submit an Initial Notification of Applicability and a Notification of 
Compliance Status according to the requirements in 40 CFR 63.9 of the 
General Provisions (subpart A) and to conduct continuous parametric 
monitoring (e.g., device parameter alarm), conduct vent collection 
system and control device inspections and submit semi-annual or annual 
compliance reports (as applicable).
    The total annual burden for this information collection averaged 
over the first three years of this ICR is estimated to be 2,372 labor 
hours per year at a labor cost of approximately $176,000 or 
approximately $6,800 per facility. The total average burden is 
approximately 91 hours per facility per year. Burden is defined at 5 
CFR 1320.3(b).
    An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required 
to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a 
currently valid OMB control number. EPA displays OMB control numbers in 
various ways. For example, EPA lists OMB control numbers for EPA's 
regulations in 40 CFR part 9, which we amend periodically. 
Additionally, we may display the OMB control number in another part of 
the CFR, or in a valid Federal Register notice, or by other

[[Page 69207]]

appropriate means. The OMB control number display will become effective 
the earliest of any of the methods authorized in 40 CFR part 9.
    When this ICR is approved by OMB, the Agency will publish a Federal 
Register notice announcing this approval and displaying the OMB control 
number for the approved information collection requirements contained 
in this final rule. We will also publish a technical amendment to 40 
CFR part 9 in the Federal Register to consolidate the display of the 
OMB control number with other approved information collection 
requirements.

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act generally requires an agency to 
prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis of any rule subject to notice 
and comment rulemaking requirements under the Administrative Procedure 
Act or any other statute unless the agency certifies that the rule 
would not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of 
small entities. Small entities include small businesses, small not-for-
profit enterprises, and small governmental jurisdictions.
    For purposes of assessing the impacts of today's rule on small 
entities, small entity is defined as (1) a small business that is 
engaged in the manufacturing of chemical preparations as defined by the 
Small Business Administration's (SBA) regulations at 13 CFR 121.201; 
(2) a small governmental jurisdiction that is a government of a city, 
county, town, school district or special district with a population of 
less than 50,000; and (3) a small organization that is any not-for-
profit enterprise which is independently owned and operated and is not 
dominant in its field.
    After considering the economic impacts of this final rule on small 
entities, I certify that this action will not have a significant 
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. This final 
rule is estimated to impact all new and 26 existing chemical 
preparations area source facilities. We estimate that 10 of these 
facilities may be small entities. We have determined that small entity 
compliance costs, as assessed by the facilities' cost-to-sales ratio, 
are expected to be less than 1 percent. The costs are so small that the 
impact is not expected to be significant. Although this final rule 
contains requirements for new area sources, we are not aware of any new 
area sources being constructed now or planned in the next 3 years, and, 
consequently, we did not estimate any impacts for new sources.
    Although this final rule will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities, EPA nonetheless has 
tried to minimize the impact of this final rule on small entities. The 
standards represent practices and controls that are common throughout 
the chemical preparations industry. The standards also require only the 
essential recordkeeping and reporting needed to demonstrate and verify 
compliance. These standards were developed based on information 
obtained from consultation with small business representatives at the 
State and national level and industry representatives that are 
affiliated with small businesses.

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    This final rule does not contain a Federal mandate that may result 
in expenditures of $100 million or more for State, local, and Tribal 
governments, in the aggregate, or the private sector in any one year. 
The total annual cost of the rule is estimated at $183,000/yr. This 
final rule is not expected to impact State, local, or Tribal 
governments. Thus, this action is not subject to the requirements of 
sections 202 and 205 of the UMRA.
    This final rule is also not subject to the requirements of section 
203 of UMRA because it contains no regulatory requirements that might 
significantly or uniquely affect small governments. This final rule 
contains no requirements that apply to such governments, imposes no 
obligations upon them, and would not result in expenditures by them of 
$100 million or more in any one year or any disproportionate impacts on 
them.

E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have 
substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship between 
the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power 
and responsibilities among the various levels of government, as 
specified in Executive Order 13132. This final rule does not impose any 
requirements on State and local governments and therefore creates no 
substantial direct effects on the States. Thus, Executive Order 13132 
does not apply to this action. Although section 6 of Executive Order 
13132 does not apply to this action, EPA did solicit comment from State 
program officials and consulted with representatives of State 
governments in developing this action. A summary of these comments and 
EPA's response to these comments is provided in section V of this 
preamble.

F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments

    This action does not have Tribal implications, as specified in 
Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). This final 
action imposes no requirements on Tribal governments; thus, Executive 
Order 13175 does not apply to this action.

G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Health and Safety Risks

    EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those 
regulatory actions that are based on health or safety risks, such that 
the analysis required under section 5-501 of the Executive Order has 
the potential to influence the regulation. This action is not subject 
to Executive Order 13045 because it is based solely on technology 
performance. It is also not ``economically significant''.

H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use

    This action is not a ``significant energy action'' as defined in 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355 (May 22, 2001)) because it is not 
likely to have a significant adverse effect on the supply, 
distribution, or use of energy. We have concluded that this final rule 
will not likely have any significant adverse energy effects because no 
additional pollution controls or other equipment that consume energy 
will be needed to comply with the final rule.

I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act

    Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement 
Act of 1995 (``NTTAA''), Public Law No. 104-113 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) 
directs EPA to use voluntary consensus standards (VCS) in its 
regulatory activities unless to do so would be inconsistent with 
applicable law or otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards 
are technical standards (e.g., materials specifications, test methods, 
sampling procedures, and business practices) that are developed or 
adopted by voluntary consensus standards bodies. NTTAA directs EPA to 
provide Congress, through OMB, explanations when the Agency decides not 
to use available and applicable VCS.
    This final rulemaking involves technical standards. EPA has decided 
to use EPA Methods 1, 1A, 2, 2A, 2C, 2D, 2F, 2G, 3, 3A, 3B, 4, and 5. 
Consistent with the NTTAA, EPA conducted searches to identify voluntary 
consensus

[[Page 69208]]

standards in addition to these EPA methods. The search identified 16 
voluntary consensus standards that were potentially applicable for this 
rule in lieu of EPA reference methods. EPA has decided to use ASME PTC 
19.10-1981, ``Flue and Exhaust Gas Analyses'' as an acceptable 
alternative to EPA Method 3B. EPA determined the 15 other candidate VCS 
(ASTM D3154-00 (2006), ASTM D3464-96 (2007), ASTM D3796-90 (2004), ISO 
10780:1994, ASME B133.9-1994 (2001), ANSI/ASME PTC 19-10-1981 Part 10, 
ISO 10396:1993 (2007), ISO 12039:2001, ASTM D5835-95 (2007), ASTM 
D6522-00 (2005), CAN/CSA Z223.2-M86 (1999), ISO 9096:1992 (2003), ANSI/
ASME PTC-38-1980 (1985), ASTM D3685/D3685M-98 (2005), CAN/CSA Z223.1-
M1977) identified for measuring emissions of pollutants or their 
surrogates subject to emission standards in the final rule would not be 
practical due to lack of equivalency, documentation, validation data 
and other important technical and policy considerations. No applicable 
voluntary consensus standards were identified for EPA Methods 1A, 2A, 
2D, 2F, 2G, and 5.
    Under Sec. Sec.  63.7(f) and 63.8(f) of subpart A of the General 
Provisions, a source may apply to EPA for permission to use alternative 
test methods or alternative monitoring requirements in place of any 
required testing methods, performance specifications, or procedures in 
the final rule.

J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental 
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations

    Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994) establishes 
Federal executive policy on environmental justice. Its main provision 
directs Federal agencies, to the greatest extent practicable and 
permitted by law, to make environmental justice part of their mission 
by identifying and addressing, as appropriate, disproportionately high 
and adverse human health or environmental effects of their programs, 
policies, and activities on minority populations and low-income 
populations in the U.S.
    EPA has determined that this final rule will not have 
disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental 
effects on minority or low-income populations because it increases the 
level of environmental protection for all affected populations.

K. Congressional Review Act

    The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801, et seq., as added by 
the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, 
generally provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency 
promulgating the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy 
of the rule, to each House of Congress and to the Comptroller General 
of the United States. EPA will submit a report containing this final 
rule and other required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House 
of Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States 
prior to publication of this final rule in the Federal Register. A 
major rule cannot take effect until 60 days after it is published in 
the Federal Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 
5 U.S.C. 804(2). This final rule will be effective December 30, 2009.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 63

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Hazardous 
substances, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

    Dated: December 16, 2009.
Lisa P. Jackson,
Administrator.

0
For the reasons stated in the preamble, title 40, chapter I, part 63 of 
the Code of Federal Regulations is amended as follows:

PART 63--[AMENDED]

0
1. The authority citation for part 63 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C 7401, et seq.

0
2. Part 63 is amended by adding subpart BBBBBBB to read as follows:

Subpart BBBBBBB--National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air 
Pollutants for Area Sources: Chemical Preparations Industry

Sec.

Applicability and Compliance Dates

63.11579 Am I subject to this subpart?
63.11580 What are my compliance dates?

Standards and Compliance Requirements

63.11581 What are my standards?
63.11582 What are my compliance requirements?
63.11583 What are my monitoring requirements?
63.11584 What are my initial and continuous compliance management 
practice requirements?
63.11585 What are my notification, recordkeeping, and reporting 
requirements?

Other Requirements and Information

63.11586 Who implements and enforces this subpart?
63.11587 What General Provisions sections apply to this subpart?
63.11588 What definitions apply to this subpart?

Tables of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63

Table 1 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--Emission Reduction and PM 
Concentration Requirements
Table 2 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--Initial Compliance 
Demonstration Methods With the Emission Reduction and PM 
Concentration Requirements in Table 1
Table 3 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--Test Methods
Table 4 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--Continuous Compliance 
Demonstration Methods With the Emission Reduction and PM 
Concentration Requirements in Table 1
Table 5 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--Reporting Requirements
Table 6 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--General Provisions

Subpart BBBBBBB--National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air 
Pollutants for Area Sources: Chemical Preparations Industry

Applicability and Compliance Dates


Sec.  63.11579  Am I subject to this subpart?

    (a) You are subject to this subpart if you meet all of the 
following conditions:
    (1) You own or operate a chemical preparations facility (as defined 
in Sec.  63.11588, ``What definitions apply to this subpart?''),
    (2) The chemical preparations facility is a stationary area source 
of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) (as defined in Sec.  63.2), and
    (3) The chemical preparations facility has at least one chemical 
preparations operation in target HAP service (as defined in Sec.  
63.11588, ``What definitions apply to this subpart?'').
    (b) The affected source is all chemical preparations operations (as 
defined in Sec.  63.11588, ``What definitions apply to this subpart?'') 
located at a facility that meets the criteria specified in paragraph 
(a) of this section.
    (1) An affected source is existing if you commenced construction, 
as defined in Sec.  63.2, of the affected source before August 5, 2009.
    (2) An affected source is new if you commenced construction or 
reconstruction, as defined in Sec.  63.2, of the affected source on or 
after August 5, 2009.
    (c) On and after December 30, 2009, if your chemical preparations 
operation becomes a major source, as defined in Sec.  63.2, you must 
continue to meet the requirements of this subpart in addition to any 
maximum achievable control technology standards which may apply at that 
time.
    (d) This subpart does not apply to research and development 
facilities, as

[[Page 69209]]

defined in section 112(c)(7) of the Clean Air Act.
    (e) You are exempt from the obligation to obtain a permit under 40 
CFR part 70 or 40 CFR part 71, provided you are not otherwise required 
by law to obtain a permit under 40 CFR 70.3(a) or 40 CFR 71.3(a). 
Notwithstanding the previous sentence, you must continuously comply 
with the provisions of this subpart.
    (f) You are exempt from the requirements specified in this subpart 
if the chemical preparations operations at your facility are subject to 
the requirements specified in subpart VVVVVV or subpart CCCCCCC of this 
part.


Sec.  63.11580  What are my compliance dates?

    (a) If you own or operate an existing affected source, you must 
achieve compliance with the applicable provisions in this subpart no 
later than December 30, 2010.
    (b) If you start up a new affected source on or before December 30, 
2009, you must achieve compliance with this subpart no later than 
December 30, 2009.
    (c) If you start up a new affected source after December 30, 2009, 
you must achieve compliance with this subpart upon startup of your 
affected source.

Standards and Compliance Requirements


Sec.  63.11581  What are my standards?

    You must meet one of the requirements in paragraph (a) or (b) of 
this section that apply to you. These standards apply at all times.
    (a) You must meet one of the emission standards in Table 1 of this 
subpart and the management practices in Sec.  63.11584(a) through (c) 
of this subpart, or
    (b) You must demonstrate that the particulate matter concentration 
of each of the process vent streams from equipment in target HAP 
service within a chemical preparation operation will not exceed 0.03 
gr/dscf and meet the management practices in Sec.  63.11584(d).


Sec.  63.11582  What are my compliance requirements?

    (a) You must demonstrate initial compliance with the emission 
reduction or 0.03 gr/dscf particulate matter (PM) concentration 
requirements specified in Table 1 of this subpart as follows:
    (1) Using the methods specified in Table 2 of this subpart, or
    (2) For existing sources only, using the results of an emissions 
test conducted in the past 5 years, provided the test meets the 
following requirements.
    (i) The test was conducted under conditions that represent normal 
operation.
    (ii) The test was performed using the methods specified in Table 3 
of this subpart.
    (iii) The test was conducted with a minimum of three separate test 
runs, as specified in Sec.  63.7(e)(3).
    (b) If you choose to demonstrate compliance with the emission 
reduction or 0.03 gr/dscf PM concentration requirements in Table 1 of 
this subpart by conducting an emissions test, you must follow the 
requirements specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this 
section and include the results in your Notification of Compliance 
Status Report (NOCSR) in accordance with Sec.  63.11585(b)(3).
    (1) You must conduct the tests under conditions that represent 
normal operation.
    (2) You must perform the test using the methods specified in Table 
3 of this subpart.
    (3) You must conduct a minimum of three separate test runs for each 
performance test required in this section, as specified in Sec.  
63.7(e)(3).
    (4) You must use the following equation to demonstrate compliance 
with the emission reduction requirements specified in Table 1 of this 
subpart:

RE = [1 - (Ci - Co)/Ci]*100

Where:

RE = PM removal efficiency, percent.
Ci = Concentration of PM at inlet of control device, gr/dscf.
Co = Concentration of PM at outlet of control device, gr/dscf.

    (c) If you choose to demonstrate compliance with the emission 
reduction or 0.03 gr/dscf PM concentration requirements specified in 
Table 1 of this subpart by providing control device manufacturer's 
performance guarantee information, then you must include the following 
information in your NOCSR (in accordance with Sec.  63.11585(b)(3)).
    (1) Control device make, model, and installation date.
    (2) Performance guarantee certificate provided by the control 
device manufacturer.
    (3) If a filter is used to control PM, performance guarantee 
information for the fabric or fiber filters used in the control device.
    (d) If you choose to demonstrate compliance with the emission 
reduction or 0.03 gr/dscf PM concentration requirements specified in 
Table 1 of this subpart by providing engineering calculations, then the 
calculations and supporting documentation must contain the items 
specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(5) of this section. These 
calculations and supporting documentation must be included in your 
NOCSR (in accordance with Sec.  63.11585(b)(3)).
    (1) Calculations and supporting documentation, such as delivery 
receipts, production logs and raw material safety data sheets that 
quantify the amount of raw materials used in the manufacture of 
chemical preparations (as defined in Sec.  63.11588) in the prior 
calendar year.
    (2) Calculations and supporting documentation, such as sales 
receipts, production logs and product material safety data sheets 
(MSDS) for chemical preparations (as defined in Sec.  63.11588) 
products that quantify the amount of products produced by the chemical 
preparations operations in the prior calendar year.
    (3) Calculations and supporting documentation of raw material 
losses to the atmosphere from the chemical preparations operations. 
This quantity (Qi in the equations in paragraph (5) of this section) is 
the amount of target HAP-containing PM in the uncontrolled air 
emissions from the chemical preparations operation, and does not 
include quantified and documented losses to solid or liquid waste 
streams, or material that is recycled back into the chemical 
preparations operation.
    (4) Calculation and supporting documentation of quantities of 
target HAP-containing PM captured by the vent collection system and PM 
control device for the calendar year prior to the compliance date (Qo 
in the equations in paragraph (5) of this section).
    (5) Use one of the following calculation methods to demonstrate 
compliance with the requirements specified in Table 1 of this subpart:
    (i) For emission reduction, use the results of the calculations 
from paragraphs (d)(3) and (d)(4) of this section in the following 
equation:

RE = [1 - (Qi - Qo)/Qi]*100

Where:

RE = Annual average PM removal efficiency, percent.
Qi = Annual amount of PM in uncontrolled emissions, pounds per year.
Qo = Annual amount of PM captured by control device, pounds per 
year.

    (ii) For the 0.03 gr/dscf PM concentration, use the results of 
calculations from paragraphs (d)(3) and (d)(4) of this section in the 
following equation:

PC = [Qi - Qo]*7000/DCFM*MPY

Where:


[[Page 69210]]


PC = Annual average PM concentration, grains per dry standard cubic 
foot (gr/dscf).
Qi = Annual amount of PM in uncontrolled emissions, pounds per year.
Qo = Annual amount of PM captured by control device, pounds per 
year. (Qo is equal to zero if the process vent stream is not routed 
to a control device.)
DCFM = Process vent stream flowrate, dscf per minute (dscfm).
MPY = Minutes per year equipment are in target HAP service.

    (e) If you are certifying that the particulate matter concentration 
of each of the process vent streams from equipment in target HAP 
service within a chemical preparation operation will not exceed 0.03 
gr/dscf, then you must:
    (1) Include the following information in your NOCSR (in accordance 
with Sec.  63.11585(b)(6)).
    (i) A certification statement by the responsible official that 
certifies that the particulate matter concentration of each of the 
process vent streams from equipment in target HAP service within a 
chemical preparation operation will not exceed 0.03 gr/dscf. The 
statement shall contain that official's name, title, and signature, 
certifying the truth, accuracy, and completeness of the certification 
statement.
    (ii) Engineering calculations and supporting documentation 
containing:
    (A) The annual raw material losses to the atmosphere from paragraph 
(d)(3) of this section; and
    (B) The calculation of the PM concentration of process vent streams 
from equipment in target HAP service from paragraph (d)(5)(ii) of this 
section, using zero for the parameter Qo since there is no control 
device, given in gr/dscf.
    (2) For each subsequent calendar quarter (i.e., three months), 
maintain the following records to ensure that your certification 
statement is valid on a continual basis:
    (A) The quarterly raw material losses to the atmosphere from 
paragraph (d)(3) of this section; and
    (B) The calculation of the PM concentration of process vent streams 
from equipment in target HAP service from paragraph (d)(5)(ii) of this 
section, but on a quarterly basis instead of an annual basis, given in 
gr/dscf. Use zero for the parameter Qo since there is no control 
device.


Sec.  63.11583  What are my monitoring requirements?

    To demonstrate continuous compliance with the emissions standard in 
Table 1, you must use one of the monitoring methods described in 
paragraphs (a), (b) or (c) of this section while equipment within a 
chemical preparation operation are in target HAP service:
    (a) Operate a bag leak detection system with alarm that will alert 
operators of a leak in the control device filter material. If a bag 
leak detection system with alarm is used to demonstrate compliance, 
then the following steps must be performed:
    (1) You must install, calibrate, operate, and maintain each bag 
leak detection system and alarm according to manufacturer's 
specifications, and as specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
    (2) The bag leak detection system and alarm must be maintained and 
operated in a manner consistent with good air pollution control 
practices at all times.
    (b) Operate a control device parameter (such as pressure drop or 
water flow, as appropriate) monitor and alarm system that will alert 
operators that the control device is operating outside the upper or 
lower threshold or range established by the control device manufacturer 
that indicate proper operation of the control device to meet the 
emissions reduction or PM concentration requirements.
    (1) You must install, calibrate, operate, and maintain each control 
device parameter monitor and alarm system according to manufacturer's 
specifications, and as specified in paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
    (2) The control device parameter monitor and alarm system must be 
maintained and operated in a manner consistent with good air pollution 
control practices at all times.
    (c) Operate a continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS) to 
monitor control device operation. If a CPMS is used to demonstrate 
compliance, then the following steps must be performed:
    (1) Establish and maintain site-specific control device parameter 
values that indicate proper operation of the control device to meet the 
emissions reduction or PM concentration requirements.
    (2) You must operate the continuous parameter monitoring system 
(CPMS) during all periods when the process equipment is in target HAP 
service and use all the data collected during these periods in 
assessing the operation of the process vent collection system and 
control device.
    (d) You must install, calibrate, operate, and maintain each control 
device CPMS according to manufacturer's specifications, and as 
specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(5) of this section.
    (1) The CPMS must be maintained and operated in a manner consistent 
with good air pollution control practices at all times.
    (2) The CPMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of operation for 
each successive 15-minute period.
    (3) To determine the 24-hour rolling average for the monitored 
parameter(s), you must:
    (i) Have data from at least three of four equally spaced data 
values for that hour from a CPMS, except as stated in paragraph (c)(2) 
of this section.
    (ii) Determine each successive 24-hour rolling average from all 
recorded readings for each 24-hour period, except as stated in 
paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
    (4) For averaging periods of monitoring data from production in 
target HAP service less than 24 hours, you must:
    (i) Have valid data from at least three of four equally spaced data 
values for each hour from a CPMS that is not out-of-control according 
to your manufacturer's recommendations.
    (ii) Determine the average from all recorded readings for the 
production period, except as stated in Sec.  63.11583(c)(2).
    (5) You must record the results of each calibration and validation 
check of the CPMS.
    (e) For each pressure measurement device, you must meet the 
requirements of paragraph (b) or (c) of this section, as applicable, 
and the following:
    (1) Locate the pressure sensor(s) in, or as close as possible to, a 
position that provides a representative measurement of the pressure.
    (2) Use a gauge with a minimum measurement sensitivity of 0.12 
kiloPascals or a transducer with a minimum measurement sensitivity of 5 
percent of the pressure range.
    (3) Check pressure tap for plugging daily. Perform an accuracy 
check at least quarterly or following an operating parameter deviation:
    (i) According to the manufacturer's procedures; or
    (ii) By comparing the sensor output to redundant sensor output.
    (4) Conduct calibration checks any time the sensor exceeds the 
manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range or install a 
new pressure sensor.
    (5) At least monthly or following an operating parameter deviation, 
perform a leak check of all components for integrity, all electrical 
connections for continuity, and all mechanical connections for leakage, 
if redundant sensors are not used.
    (6) You must record the results of the plugging, accuracy and 
calibration checks specified in paragraphs (e)(3) through (e)(5) of 
this section in accordance with Sec.  63.11585.

[[Page 69211]]

    (f) For each monitoring system required in this section, you must 
develop and make available for inspection by the delegated authority, 
upon request, a site-specific monitoring plan that addresses the 
following:
    (1) Selection and justification of the monitored parameter that 
indicates proper operation of the control device to meet the emissions 
limitation, if the parameter measured is something other than pressure 
drop.
    (2) Installation of the bag leak detector, parameter monitoring 
device, or CPMS at a measurement location relative to each affected 
process unit such that the measurement is representative of control of 
PM emissions (e.g., on the last control device);
    (3) Performance and equipment specifications for the parametric 
signal analyzer, alarm, and the data collection and reduction system, 
as appropriate; and
    (4) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria 
according to the manufacturer (e.g., calibrations).
    (5) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with 
the manufacturer's recommendations or the general requirements of Sec.  
63.8(c)(1) and (c)(3);
    (6) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance with 
the manufacturer's recommendations; and
    (7) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance 
with the general requirements of Sec.  63.10(c), (e)(1), and (e)(2)(i) 
and the requirements of Sec.  63.11585.
    (g) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each bag leak 
detection system, control device parameter monitor and alarm system, or 
CPMS in accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan.
    (h) You must operate and maintain each bag leak detection system, 
control device parameter monitor and alarm system, or CPMS in 
continuous operation, and collect parametric data at all times that 
emissions are routed to the monitored control device.


Sec.  63.11584  What are my initial and continuous compliance 
management practice requirements?

    (a) For each new and existing affected source, you must demonstrate 
initial compliance by conducting the inspection activities in paragraph 
(a)(1) of this section and demonstrate ongoing compliance by conducting 
the inspection activities in paragraph (a)(2) of this section.
    (1) Initial vent collection system and particulate control device 
inspections. You must conduct an initial inspection of each vent 
collection system and particulate control device according to the 
requirements in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section. You 
must record the results of each inspection according to paragraph (b) 
of this section and perform corrective action where necessary. You must 
conduct each inspection no later than 180 days after your applicable 
compliance date for each control device which has been operated within 
180 days following the compliance date. For a control device which has 
not been installed or operated within 180 days following the compliance 
date, you must conduct an initial inspection prior to startup of the 
control device.
    (i) For each wet particulate control system, you must verify the 
presence of water flow to the control equipment. You must also visually 
inspect the vent collection system ductwork and control equipment for 
leaks (as defined in Sec.  63.11588, ``What definitions apply to this 
subpart?'') and inspect the interior of the control equipment (if 
applicable) for structural integrity and the condition of the control 
system.
    (ii) For each dry particulate control system, you must visually 
inspect the vent collection system ductwork and dry particulate control 
unit for leaks (as defined in Sec.  63.11588, ``What definitions apply 
to this subpart?''). You must also inspect the inside of each dry 
particulate control unit for structural integrity and condition.
    (iii) An initial inspection of the internal components of a wet or 
dry particulate control system is not required if there is a record 
that an inspection has been performed within the past 12 months and any 
maintenance actions have been resolved.
    (iv) An initial inspection of ductwork that is unsafe or difficult 
to inspect is not required.
    (2) Ongoing vent collection system and particulate control device 
inspections. Following the initial inspections, you must perform 
periodic inspections of each vent collection system and PM control 
device according to the requirements in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) or (ii) of 
this section. You must record the results of each inspection according 
to paragraph (b) of this section and perform corrective action where 
necessary.
    (i) You must inspect and maintain each wet control system according 
to the requirements in paragraphs (a)(2)(i)(A) through (D) of this 
section.
    (A) You must conduct a daily inspection to verify the presence of 
water flow to the wet particulate control system.
    (B) You must conduct monthly visual inspections of the vent 
collection system ductwork and wet particulate control equipment for 
leaks (as defined in Sec.  63.11588, ``What definitions apply to this 
subpart?'').
    (C) You must conduct inspections of the interior of the wet control 
system (if applicable) to determine the structural integrity and 
condition of the control equipment every 12 months.
    (D) You are required to inspect ductwork that is unsafe or 
difficult to inspect only during periods when it is safe or physically 
possible to do so.
    (ii) You must inspect and maintain each dry particulate control 
unit according to the requirements in paragraphs (a)(2)(ii)(A) through 
(C) of this section.
    (A) You must conduct monthly visual inspections of the vent 
collection system ductwork for leaks (as defined in Sec.  63.11588, 
``What definitions apply to this subpart?'').
    (B) You must conduct inspections of the interior of the dry 
particulate control unit for structural integrity and to determine the 
condition of the fabric filter (if applicable) every 12 months.
    (C) You are required to inspect ductwork that is unsafe or 
difficult to inspect only during periods when it is safe or physically 
possible to do so.
    (b) You must record the information specified in paragraphs (b)(1) 
through (6) of this section for each inspection activity.
    (1) The date, place, and time;
    (2) Person conducting the activity;
    (3) Method of inspection;
    (4) Operating conditions during the activity;
    (5) Results; and
    (6) Description of any correction actions taken.
    (c) At all times the owner or operator must operate and maintain 
any affected source, including associated air pollution control 
equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner consistent with safety 
and good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. The 
general duty to minimize emissions does not require the owner or 
operator to make any further efforts to reduce emissions if levels 
required by this standard have been achieved. Determination of whether 
such operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be based 
on information available to the Administrator which may include, but is 
not limited to, monitoring results, review of operation and maintenance 
procedures, review of

[[Page 69212]]

operation and maintenance records, and inspection of the source.
    (d) If you have provided certification that each process vent 
stream from equipment in target HAP service will not contain a PM 
concentration greater than 0.03 gr/dscf, the management practice 
requirements are as follows:
    (1) You must conduct an initial visual inspection of the vent 
collection system ductwork for leaks (as defined in Sec.  63.11588, 
``What definitions apply to this subpart?'').
    (2) You must conduct monthly visual inspections of the vent 
collection system ductwork for leaks (as defined in Sec.  63.11588, 
``What definitions apply to this subpart?'').
    (3) You are required to inspect ductwork that is unsafe or 
difficult to inspect only during periods when it is safe or physically 
possible to do so.
    (4) You must record the information specified in paragraphs 
(d)(4)(i) through (iv) of this section for each inspection.
    (i) The date, place, and time;
    (ii) Person conducting the activity;
    (iii) Results; and
    (iv) Description of any correction actions taken.


Sec.  63.11585  What are my notification, recordkeeping, and reporting 
requirements?

    (a) What General Provision notification, recordkeeping and 
reporting requirements must I meet? You must meet the requirements of 
40 CFR part 63 subpart A according to Table 6.
    (b) What notifications must I submit and when?
    (1) Initial Notification of Applicability. If you own or operate an 
existing affected source, you must submit an initial notification of 
applicability as required by Sec.  63.9(b)(2) no later than April 29, 
2010. If you own or operate a new affected source, you must submit an 
initial notification of applicability required by Sec.  63.9(b)(2) no 
later than 120 days after initial start-up of operation or April 29, 
2010, whichever is later. The initial notification of applicability 
must include the information specified in Sec.  63.9(b)(2)(i) through 
(iii).
    (2) Notification of Intent to conduct a Performance Test. If you 
elect to conduct a performance test, you must submit a notification of 
intent to conduct a performance test at least 60 calendar days before 
the performance test is scheduled to begin, as required in Sec.  
63.7(b)(1).
    (3) Notification of Compliance Status Report (NOCSR). You must 
submit a NOCSR according to Sec.  63.9(h)(2)(ii). You must submit the 
NOCSR, including the performance test results, if applicable, before 
the close of business on the 60th calendar day following the applicable 
compliance date specified in Sec.  63.11580 or completion of the 
performance test, whichever is sooner. The NOCSR must include the 
information in Sec.  63.9(h)(2)(i)(A) through (G) necessary to 
demonstrate compliance with the emission standard as of the applicable 
compliance date.
    (4) If you have an existing source and are using data from a 
previously conducted performance test to serve as documentation of 
compliance with the emission reduction or 0.03 gr/dscf PM concentration 
requirements of this subpart, you must submit the test data in lieu of 
the initial performance test results with the NOCSR required under 
paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
    (5) You must provide the results of the initial management 
practices required by Sec.  63.11584(a)(1) and (d)(1).
    (6) If you are providing certification that the particulate matter 
concentration of each of the process vent streams from equipment in 
target HAP service within a chemical preparation operation will not 
exceed 0.03 gr/dscf, you must submit this certification in the NOCSR 
required in paragraph (b)(3) of this section. You must submit the 
certification statement, including the supporting calculations or 
performance test results, if applicable. The certification statement 
and supporting documentation must include the information in Sec.  
63.11582(e)(1) necessary to demonstrate compliance with the emission 
standard as of the compliance date.
    (c) What reports must I submit and when?
    (1) You must submit compliance reports as specified in Table 5 of 
this subpart that applies to you.
    (2) Unless the Administrator has approved a different schedule for 
submission of reports under Sec.  63.10(a), you must submit each 
compliance report specified in Table 5 of this subpart according to the 
following dates:
    (i) If deviations occur, then:
    (A) The first compliance report must cover the period beginning on 
the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in Sec.  
63.11580 and ending on June 30 or December 31, whichever date is the 
first date following the end of the first calendar half after the 
compliance date that is specified for your source in Sec.  63.11580 
(i.e., December 31 for a source that is existing with a compliance date 
of December 30, 2010).
    (B) The first compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no 
later than July 31 or January 31, whichever date follows the end of the 
first calendar half after the compliance date that is specified for 
your affected source in Sec.  63.11580 (i.e., January 31 for a source 
that is existing with a compliance date of December 30, 2010).
    (C) Each subsequent compliance report for a period in which 
deviations occur must cover the semiannual reporting period from 
January 1 through June 30 or the semiannual reporting period from July 
1 through December 31.
    (D) Each subsequent compliance report for a period in which 
deviations occur must be postmarked or delivered no later than July 31 
or January 31, whichever date is the first date following the end of 
the semiannual reporting period.
    (ii) If no deviations occur, then:
    (A) The first compliance report must cover the period beginning on 
the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in Sec.  
63.11580 and ending on December 31 following the end of the first 
calendar year after the compliance date that is specified for your 
source in Sec.  63.11580.
    (B) The first compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no 
later than January 31 following the end of the first calendar year 
after the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in 
Sec.  63.11580.
    (C) Each subsequent compliance report for a period in which 
deviations occur must cover the annual reporting period from January 1 
through December 31.
    (D) Each subsequent compliance report for a period in which no 
deviations occur must be postmarked or delivered no later than January 
31 immediately following the previous calendar year.
    (3) The compliance report must contain the following information:
    (i) Company name and address.
    (ii) Statement by a responsible official with that official's name, 
title, and signature, certifying the truth, accuracy, and completeness 
of the content of the report.
    (iii) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the 
reporting period.
    (iv) If there are no deviations from the emission reduction or 0.03 
gr/dscf PM concentration requirements as specified in Table 1, a 
statement that there were no deviations from the emission reduction or 
0.03 gr/dscf PM concentration requirements during the reporting period.
    (v) If there were no periods during which the CPMS (if a CPMS is 
used to demonstrate compliance) was out-of-control as defined by the 
manufacturer's

[[Page 69213]]

recommendations, a statement that there were no periods during which 
the CPMS was out-of-control during the reporting period.
    (vi) A description of any changes in monitoring systems or CPMS, 
processes (including changes that establish the basis for certification 
that the PM concentration from process vents will not exceed 0.03 gr/
dscf or the addition of new processes), or controls since the last 
reporting period or for the first compliance report, since the 
notification of compliance status report.
    (4) For each deviation, as applicable and as defined in Sec.  
63.11588, you must include the information in paragraphs (c)(3)(i) 
through (c)(3)(iii) of this section, and the information in paragraphs 
(c)(4)(i) through (4)(ix) of this section that apply to you.
    (i) The date and time that each deviation started and stopped.
    (ii) The date and time that each bag leak detector, parameter 
monitor, or CPMS was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-
level checks.
    (iii) If a CPMS is used, the date, time and duration that each CPMS 
was out-of-control.
    (iv) A summary of the total duration of the deviation during the 
reporting period and the total duration as a percent of the total 
source operating time during that reporting period.
    (v) A list of reasons for the deviations during the reporting 
period.
    (vi) If a CPMS is used, a summary of the total duration of CPMS 
downtime during the reporting period and the total duration of CPMS 
downtime as a percent of the total source operating time during that 
reporting period.
    (vii) A brief description of the process units.
    (viii) A brief description of the bag leak detector, parameter 
monitor, or CPMS.
    (ix) If a CPMS is used, the date of the latest CPMS certification 
or audit.
    (5) If acceptable to both the Administrator and you, you may submit 
reports and notifications electronically.
    (d) What records must I maintain?
    (1) You must maintain the following records:
    (i) A copy of each notification and report that you submitted to 
comply with this subpart, including all documentation supporting any 
Initial Notification of Applicability or NOCSR that you submitted, 
according to the requirements in Sec.  63.10(b)(2)(xiv).
    (ii) Records identifying periods when the chemical preparations 
operation is in target HAP service using:
    (A) Production records showing the dates and times the chemical 
preparations operation is processing target HAP-containing materials; 
and
    (B) Material safety data sheets (MSDS) of target HAP-containing 
materials being processed.
    (iii) Records of performance tests and performance evaluations as 
required in Sec.  63.10(b)(2)(viii).
    (iv) Records of CPMS (if a CPMS is used to demonstrate compliance) 
calibration checks and adjustments and maintenance performed on CPMS as 
required by Sec.  63.10(b)(2)(x) and (xi).
    (v) Records of CPMS as required by Sec.  63.10(c) and Sec.  
63.11583(d)(5).
    (vi) Records of all inspections as required by Sec.  63.11584(b) 
and pressure measurement device checks (if applicable) as required by 
Sec.  63.11583(e)(6).
    (vii) Records of the site-specific monitoring plan developed 
according to Sec.  63.11583(f).
    (viii) Records of particulate control device manufacturing 
specifications and recommendations.
    (2) You must maintain the records specified in paragraph (d)(1) of 
this section in accordance with paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through 
(d)(2)(iii) of this section.
    (i) Your records must be in a form suitable and readily available 
for expeditious review, according to Sec.  63.10(b)(1).
    (ii) As specified in Sec.  63.10(b)(1), you must keep each record 
for 5 years following the date of each recorded action.
    (iii) You must keep each record onsite for at least 2 years after 
the date of each recorded action according to Sec.  63.10(b)(1). You 
may keep the records offsite for the remaining 3 years.
    (3) If you are providing certification that the particulate matter 
concentration of each of the process vent streams from equipment in 
target HAP service within a chemical preparation operation will not 
exceed 0.03 gr/dscf, you must maintain the following records according 
to paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (d)(2)(iii) of this section:
    (i) Records of the initial certification statement and supporting 
documentation specified in paragraph (b)(6) of this section.
    (ii) Records of ductwork inspections specified in Sec.  
63.11584(d)(4).
    (iii) Records of the quarterly raw material losses to the 
atmosphere and process vent stream PM concentration calculations 
specified in Sec.  63.11582(e)(2).

Other Requirements and Information


Sec.  63.11586  Who implements and enforces this subpart?

    (a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the U.S. 
Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) or a delegated authority 
such as your State, local, or Tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA 
Administrator has delegated authority to your State, local, or Tribal 
agency, then that agency (the delegated authority), in addition to the 
U.S. EPA, has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. You 
should contact your U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out if 
implementation and enforcement of this subpart has been delegated.
    (b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this 
subpart to a State, local, or Tribal agency under 40 CFR part 63, 
subpart E, the following authorities are retained by the Administrator 
of U.S. EPA:
    (1) Approval of alternatives to the requirements in Sec. Sec.  
63.11579, 63.11580, 63.11581, 63.11582, 63.11583, and 63.11584.
    (2) Approval of major changes to test methods under Sec.  
63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f) and as defined in Sec.  63.90.
    (3) Approval of major changes to monitoring under Sec.  63.8(f) and 
as defined in Sec.  63.90.
    (4) Approval of major changes to recordkeeping and reporting under 
Sec.  63.10(f) and as defined in Sec.  63.90.


Sec.  63.11587  What General Provisions sections apply to this subpart?

    You must comply with the requirements of the General Provisions (40 
CFR part 63, subpart A) according to Table 6 of this subpart.


Sec.  63.11588  What definitions apply to this subpart?

    Chemical preparation means a target HAP-containing product, or 
intermediate used in the manufacture of other products, manufactured in 
a process operation described by the NAICS code 325998 if the operation 
manufactures target HAP-containing products or intermediates other than 
indelible ink, India ink, writing ink, and stamp pad ink. Indelible 
ink, India ink, writing ink, and stamp pad ink manufacturing operations 
are subject to regulation by the paints and allied products area source 
rule (40 CFR part 63, subpart CCCCCCC).
    Chemical preparations facility means any facility-wide collection 
of chemical preparation operations.
    Chemical preparations operation means the collection of mixing, 
blending, milling, and extruding equipment used to manufacture chemical 
preparations. A chemical preparation operation may include all, or only 
some, of the equipment listed above, depending on the chemical 
preparation being manufactured. Mixing and blending equipment may be 
used to

[[Page 69214]]

process either wet or dry materials, or a combination of wet and dry 
materials. Milling equipment includes, but is not limited to, various 
types of rolling mills, rotary mills, and grinders. Extruding 
equipment, for the purposes of this subpart, includes direct and 
indirect extruders, spray driers, and prilling towers.
    Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to 
this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source:
    (1) Fails to meet any requirement or management practice 
established by this subpart;
    (2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to 
implement a requirement in this subpart and that is included in the 
operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a 
permit; or
    (3) Fails to meet any emissions limit.
    In target HAP service means that equipment in the chemical 
preparation operation either contains, contacts, or is processing 
target HAP-containing materials.
    Leak means a break in the integrity of the vent collection or 
control device system (i.e., in the duct work, piping, etc.) such that 
visual particulate emissions, liquids or residue form outside the vent 
collection system or control device.
    Process vent stream means a gas stream from any equipment in target 
HAP service at the point where that gas stream is discharged from a 
vent collection system to the atmosphere, or inlet of a control device, 
if any.
    Research and development equipment means any equipment whose 
primary purpose is to conduct research and development to develop new 
processes and products, where such equipment is operated under the 
close supervision of technically trained personnel and is not engaged 
in the manufacture of products for commercial sale in commerce, except 
in a de minimis manner.
    Responsible official means one of the following:
    (1) For a corporation: A president, secretary, treasurer, or vice 
president of the corporation in charge of a principal business 
function, or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-
making functions for the corporation, or a duly authorized 
representative of such person if the representative is responsible for 
the overall operation of one or more chemical preparations facilities;
    (2) For a partnership: A general partner;
    (3) For a sole proprietorship: The owner; or
    (4) For a municipality, State, Federal, or other public agency: 
Either a principal executive officer or ranking official.
    Target HAP means metal compounds for chromium, lead, manganese, and 
nickel.
    Target HAP-containing means raw materials, intermediates, or 
products that contain one or more target HAP. Any material that 
contains compounds of chromium (VI), lead, or nickel in amounts greater 
than or equal to 0.1 percent by weight (as the metal), or manganese or 
chromium (III) compounds in amounts greater than or equal to 1.0 
percent by weight (as the metal) is considered to be target HAP-
containing. Target HAP content is shown in the formulation data 
provided by the manufacturer or supplier, such as the Material Safety 
Data Sheet for the material.
    Unsafe or difficult to inspect means the equipment cannot be 
inspected without elevating the inspection personnel more than two 
meters above a support surface or it is not accessible at anytime in a 
safe manner.
    Vent collection system means hoods, enclosures, ductwork and fans 
utilized to remove particulate emissions from chemical preparations 
operations work areas.

Tables of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63

    Table 1 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--Emission Reduction and PM
                       Concentration Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------
       For each * * *            You must * * *          Using * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Process Vent Stream from   Route the process     Vent collection
 equipment in target HAP       vent stream to a PM   system and PM
 service.                      control device        control device,
                               with:                 such as a wet
                              a. A PM percent        scrubber or fabric
                               reduction             filter, that are
                               efficiency of 95      maintained and
                               percent (98 percent   operated per
                               for new sources),     manufacturer's
                               or.                   recommendations.
                              b. An outlet
                               concentration of
                               0.03 gr/dscf or
                               less.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


 Table 2 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--Initial Compliance Demonstration
  Methods With the Emission Reduction and PM Concentration Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        You must demonstrate initial
     If you are demonstrating        compliance by one of the following
     compliance with the * * *                  methods * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Requirement to route all         a. Perform a PM emissions test using
 process vent streams from           the methods listed in Table 3 to
 equipment in target HAP service     this subpart; or
 to a PM control device with a PM   b. Provide performance guarantee
 percent reduction efficiency of     information from the control device
 95 percent (98 percent for new      manufacturer that certifies the
 sources) or an outlet               device is capable of reducing PM
 concentration of 0.03 gr/dscf or    concentrations by 95 percent (98
 less..                              percent for new sources) or
                                     achieves an outlet concentration of
                                     0.03 gr/dscf or less; or
                                    c. Provide engineering calculations,
                                     such as mass balance and flow rate
                                     calculations, that demonstrate that
                                     the control device is capable of
                                     reducing PM concentration from the
                                     chemical preparations operation
                                     process vent streams by 95 percent
                                     (98 percent for new sources) or
                                     achieving an outlet concentration
                                     of 0.03 gr/dscf or less.
2. Certification that all process   a. Perform a PM emissions test using
 vent streams from equipment in      the methods listed in Table 3 to
 target HAP service will not         this subpart; or
 contain a PM concentration         b. Provide engineering calculations,
 greater than 0.03 gr/dscf.          such as mass balance and flow rate
                                     calculations, that demonstrate that
                                     the PM concentration from the
                                     chemical preparations operation
                                     process vent streams will not be
                                     greater than 0.03 gr/dscf.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


[[Page 69215]]


           Table 3 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--Test Methods
------------------------------------------------------------------------
             For * * *                       You must use * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Selecting the sampling           EPA test method 1 or 1A in appendix
 locations \a\ and the number of     A to part 60.
 traverse points.
2. Determining the velocity and     EPA test method 2, 2A, 2C, 2D, 2F,
 volumetric flow rate.               or 2G, as appropriate, in appendix
                                     A to part 60.
3. Determining the gas molecular    EPA test method 3, 3A, 3B, as
 weight used for flow rate           appropriate, in appendix A to part
 determination.                      60.
4. Measuring the moisture content   EPA test method 4 in appendix A to
 of the stack gas.                   part 60.
5. Measuring the PM emissions.....  EPA test method 5 in appendix A to
                                     part 60.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ The sampling locations must be located at the outlet of the process
  equipment (or control device, if applicable), prior to any releases to
  the atmosphere.


      Table 4 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--Continuous Compliance
 Demonstration Methods With the Emission Reduction and PM Concentration
                              Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------
     If you are demonstrating          You must demonstrate continuous
     compliance with the * * *               compliance by * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Requirement to route all         Using one of the following
 process vent streams from           monitoring methods:
 equipment in target HAP service    a. A bag leak detector and alarm
 to a PM control device with a PM    system, that notifies operators
 percent reduction efficiency of     when a leak in the filter media is
 95 percent (98 percent for new      detected.
 sources) or an outlet              b. A control device parameter
 concentration of 0.03 gr/dscf or    monitor and alarm system, that
 less.                               notifies operators when the control
                                     device is operating outside of the
                                     upper or lower thresholds
                                     established by the control device
                                     manufacturer. Monitored parameters
                                     may include electricity supply to
                                     vent collection system fans,
                                     pressure drop across the control
                                     device, or scrubber liquor flow to
                                     the control device, as appropriate
                                     to the particulate matter control
                                     device being used.
                                    c. A CPMS, and maintaining records
                                     of data verifying that the vent
                                     collection system and control
                                     device were operated within the
                                     range of parameters established to
                                     comply with the emission reduction
                                     or 0.03 gr/dscf PM concentration
                                     requirements (i.e., according to
                                     manufacturer's recommendations or
                                     at the conditions used during the
                                     most recent performance test) while
                                     the chemical preparations operation
                                     was in target HAP service. The
                                     control device monitoring data are
                                     averaged over a 24-hour period or
                                     an overall average per batch,
                                     whichever is less, while the
                                     chemical preparations operation is
                                     in target HAP service. Monitored
                                     parameters may include electricity
                                     supply to vent collection system
                                     fans, pressure drop across the
                                     control device, or scrubber liquor
                                     flow to the control device, as
                                     appropriate to the particulate
                                     matter control device being used.
2. Certification that all process   a. Conducting monthly visual
 vent streams from equipment in      inspections of the vent collection
 target HAP service will not         system ductwork for leaks.
 contain a PM concentration
 greater than 0.03 gr/dscf.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


      Table 5 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--Reporting Requirements
------------------------------------------------------------------------
     If you are demonstrating        You must submit a compliance report
     compliance with the * * *                as follows * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Requirement to route all         a. An initial notice of compliance
 process vent streams from           status report (NOCSR) as specified
 equipment in target HAP service     in Sec.   63.11585(b)(3), and then
 to a PM control device with a PM    as follows in (b) or (c) as
 percent reduction efficiency of     applicable to you:
 95 percent (98 percent for new     b. If there were no deviations
 sources) or an outlet               during the reporting period, you
 concentration of 0.03 gr/dscf or    must submit an annual report
 less.                               containing:
                                    1. A statement that there were no
                                     deviations from the requirement to
                                     route all process vent streams from
                                     equipment in target HAP service to
                                     a PM control device that achieves a
                                     PM percent reduction efficiency of
                                     95 percent (98 percent for new
                                     sources) or an outlet concentration
                                     of 0.03 gr/dscf or less during the
                                     reporting period.
                                    2. If there were no periods during
                                     which the process vent collection
                                     system and control device was not
                                     operating normally (i.e., according
                                     to manufacturer's recommendations
                                     or at the conditions used during
                                     the most recent performance test),
                                     a statement that the vent
                                     collection system and control
                                     device were operated normally at
                                     all times during the reporting
                                     period.
                                    c. If you have a deviation from the
                                     requirement to route all process
                                     vent streams from equipment in
                                     target HAP service to a PM control
                                     device that achieves a PM percent
                                     reduction efficiency of 95 percent
                                     (98 percent for new sources) or to
                                     an outlet concentration of 0.03 gr/
                                     dscf or less, or periods where the
                                     vent collection system or control
                                     device were not operated normally,
                                     then you must submit a semi-annual
                                     report for that reporting period.
                                     The report must contain the
                                     information specified in Sec.
                                     63.11585(c).

[[Page 69216]]

 
2. Certification that all process   a. An initial NOCSR as specified in
 vent streams from equipment in      Sec.   63.11585(b)(3) that contains
 target HAP service will not         the following items:
 contain a PM concentration         1. A statement certifying that all
 greater than 0.03 gr/dscf.          process vent streams from equipment
                                     in target HAP service will not
                                     contain a PM concentration greater
                                     than 0.03 gr/dscf. The statement
                                     shall contain that official's name,
                                     title, and signature, certifying
                                     the truth, accuracy, and
                                     completeness of the certification
                                     statement.
                                    2. Test results or engineering
                                     calculations that demonstrate
                                     process vent streams covered by the
                                     certification will not contain a PM
                                     concentration greater than 0.03 gr/
                                     dscf.
------------------------------------------------------------------------


        Table 6 of Subpart BBBBBBB of Part 63--General Provisions
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           Applies to
           Citation                     Subject          subpart BBBBBBB
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sec.   63.1...................  Applicability.........  Yes.
Sec.   63.2...................  Definitions...........  Yes.
Sec.   63.3...................  Units and               Yes.
                                 Abbreviations.
Sec.   63.4...................  Prohibited Activities.  Yes.
Sec.   63.5...................  Construction/           Yes.
                                 Reconstruction.
Sec.   63.6(a)-(d)............  Compliance with         Yes.
                                 Standards and
                                 Maintenance
                                 Requirements.
Sec.   63.6(e)(1)(i)-(ii).....  Operation and           No.
                                 Maintenance
                                 Requirements.
Sec.   63.6(e)(1)(iii)........  Operation and           Yes.
                                 Maintenance
                                 Requirements.
Sec.   63.6(e)(2).............  [Reserved]............  ................
Sec.   63.6(e)(3).............  Startup, Shutdown, and  No. Subpart
                                 Malfunction Plan.       BBBBBBB does
                                                         not require
                                                         startup,
                                                         shutdown, and
                                                         malfunction
                                                         plans.
Sec.   63.6(f)(1).............  Compliance with Non-    No. The emission
                                 Opacity Emissions       limits apply at
                                 Standards--Applicabil   all times.
                                 ity.
Sec.   63.6(f)(2)-(3).........  Methods for             Yes.
                                 Determining
                                 Compliance and
                                 Finding of Compliance.
Sec.   63.6(g)................  Use of an Alternative   Yes.
                                 Non-Opacity Emission
                                 Standard.
Sec.   63.6(h)................  Opacity/Visible         No. Subpart
                                 Emission (VE)           BBBBBBB does
                                 Standards.              not contain
                                                         opacity or VE
                                                         standards.
Sec.   63.6(i)................  Compliance Extension..  Yes.
Sec.   63.6(j)................  Presidential            Yes.
                                 Compliance Exemption.
Sec.   63.7(a)-(d)............  Performance Testing     Yes.
                                 Requirements.
Sec.   63.7(e)(1).............  Performance Testing     No. Subpart
                                 Requirements.           BBBBBBB
                                                         specifies the
                                                         conditions
                                                         under which
                                                         performance
                                                         tests must be
                                                         conducted.
Sec.   63.7(e)(2)-(4).........  Conduct of Performance  Yes.
                                 Tests and Data
                                 Reduction.
Sec.   63.7(f)-(h)............  Use of Alternative      Yes.
                                 Test Method; Data
                                 Analysis,
                                 Recordkeeping, and
                                 Reporting; and Waiver
                                 of Performance Tests.
Sec.   63.8(a)(1).............  Applicability of        Yes.
                                 Monitoring
                                 Requirements.
Sec.   63.8(a)(2).............  Performance             No. Subpart
                                 Specifications.         BBBBBBB does
                                                         not require
                                                         CEMS to
                                                         demonstrate
                                                         compliance.
Sec.   63.8(a)(3).............  [Reserved]............  ................
Sec.   63.8(a)(4).............  Monitoring with Flares  No.
Sec.   63.8(b)(1).............  Monitoring............  Yes.
Sec.   63.8(b)(2)-(3).........  Multiple Effluents and  Yes.
                                 Multiple Monitoring
                                 Systems.
Sec.   63.8(c)(1).............  Monitoring System       Yes.
                                 Operation and
                                 Maintenance.
Sec.   63.8(c)(1)(i)..........  CMS maintenance.......  Yes.
Sec.   63.8(c)(1)(ii).........  Spare Parts for CMS     Yes.
                                 Malfunction.
Sec.   63.8(c)(1)(iii)........  Compliance with         No. Subpart
                                 Operation and           BBBBBBB does
                                 Maintenance             not require
                                 Requirements.           startup,
                                                         shutdown, and
                                                         malfunction
                                                         plans.
Sec.   63.8(c)(2)-(3).........  Monitoring System       Yes.
                                 Installation.
Sec.   63.8(c)(4).............  CMS Requirements......  No. Subpart
                                                         BBBBBBB does
                                                         not require
                                                         CEMS to
                                                         demonstrate
                                                         compliance.
Sec.   63.8(c)(5).............  COMS Minimum            No. Subpart
                                 Procedures.             BBBBBBB does
                                                         not contain
                                                         opacity or VE
                                                         standards.
Sec.   63.8(c)(6).............  CMS Requirements......  Yes, for CPMS
                                                         provisions
                                                         only. Subpart
                                                         BBBBBBB does
                                                         not require
                                                         CEMS to
                                                         demonstrate
                                                         compliance.
Sec.   63.8(c)(7)-(8).........  CMS Requirements......  No. Subpart
                                                         BBBBBBB does
                                                         not require
                                                         CEMS to
                                                         demonstrate
                                                         compliance.
Sec.   63.8(d)................  CMS Quality Control...  No. Subpart
                                                         BBBBBBB does
                                                         not require
                                                         CEMS to
                                                         demonstrate
                                                         compliance.
Sec.   63.8(e)-(g)............  CMS Performance         No. Subpart
                                 Evaluation.             BBBBBBB does
                                                         not require
                                                         CEMS to
                                                         demonstrate
                                                         compliance.

[[Page 69217]]

 
Sec.   63.9...................  Notification            Yes. Except
                                 Requirements.           Initial
                                                         Notification
                                                         shall be
                                                         submitted in
                                                         accordance with
                                                         the schedule in
                                                         Sec.
                                                         63.11585.
Sec.   63.10(a),(b)(1),         Recordkeeping and       Yes.
 (b)(2)(viii)-(xi),(c),          Reporting
 (e)(1), (e)(2)(i), (f).         Requirements.
Sec.   63.11..................  Control Device and      Yes.
                                 Work Practice
                                 Requirements.
Sec.   63.12..................  State Authority and     Yes.
                                 Delegations.
Sec.   63.13..................  Addresses of State Air  Yes.
                                 Pollution Control
                                 Agencies and EPA
                                 Regional Offices.
Sec.   63.14..................  Incorporations by       Yes.
                                 Reference.
Sec.   63.15..................  Availability of         Yes.
                                 Information and
                                 Confidentiality.
Sec.   63.16..................  Performance Track       No.
                                 Provisions.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

[FR Doc. E9-30500 Filed 12-29-09; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P