[Federal Register Volume 71, Number 154 (Thursday, August 10, 2006)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 45996-46025]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 06-6579]



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Part IV





Department of Energy





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10 CFR Parts 820 and 835



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Procedural Rules for DOE Nuclear Activities and Occupational Radiation 
Protection; Proposed Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 154 / Thursday, August 10, 2006 / 
Proposed Rules  

[[Page 45996]]


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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

10 CFR Parts 820 and 835

[Docket No. EH-RM-02-835]
RIN 1901-AA95


Procedural Rules for DOE Nuclear Activities and Occupational 
Radiation Protection

AGENCY: Department of Energy.

ACTION: Proposed rule and opportunity for public comment.

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SUMMARY: The Department of Energy (DOE or the Department) proposes to 
amend its Procedural Rules for DOE Nuclear Activities, and its 
Occupational Radiation Protection requirements. The proposed amendments 
to the Procedural Rules for DOE Nuclear Activities would update its 
provisions to take into account the establishment of the National 
Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA). The proposed amendments to the 
Occupational Radiation Protection requirements would update its 
provisions to take into account lessons learned since the initial 
adoption of these regulations, input from the Defense Nuclear 
Facilities Safety Board (DNFSB) and members of the public, new 
recommendations from the International Commission on Radiological 
Protection (ICRP), and the establishment of the NNSA.

DATES: Public comments on the proposed rule must be received on or 
before October 10, 2006. A public hearing will be held on September 21, 
2006 at the DOE Auditorium, located on 19901 Germantown Road, 
Germantown, Maryland. The hearing will be held from 9 a.m. to 12 noon 
and, if needed, from 1 p.m. to 4 p.m. All meeting attendees will be 
required to show a photo identification to access the DOE Germantown 
property and Auditorium. Motor vehicles will also be inspected when 
entering the DOE property.
    Requests to speak at the public hearing should be mailed to Mr. 
Peter O'Connell, Office of Worker Protection Policy and Programs, U.S. 
Department of Energy, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 
20585. You may also e-mail your request to speak to 
Peter.O'[email protected] or telephone Mr. O'Connell at (301) 903-
5641. Requests to speak must be received by September 7, 2006 for the 
Germantown, Maryland hearing. Each presentation is limited to no more 
than 10 minutes to ensure that all persons have an opportunity to 
speak.

ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by Docket Number EH-RM-
02-835 and/or RIN 1901-AA-95, by any of the following methods:
     Federal eRulemaking Portal: http//www.regulations.gov. 
Follow the instructions for submitting comments.
     E-mail: Peter.O'[email protected]. Include Docket Number 
EH-RM-02-835 and/or RIN 1901-AA-95 in the subject line of the message.
     Mail: Mr. Peter O'Connell, Office of Worker Protection 
Policy and Programs (EH-52), U.S. Department of Energy, 1000 
Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585.
    Copies of the public hearing transcript, written comments, and any 
other docket material may be reviewed and copied between 9 a.m. and 4 
p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays, at the U.S. 
Department of Energy Freedom of Information Reading Room, Room 1E-190, 
1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585, (202) 586-3142. 
The docket material for this rulemaking will be filed under ``EH-RM-02-
835.''
    The public hearing for this rulemaking will be held at the 
following address: DOE Auditorium, 19901 Germantown Road, Germantown, 
Maryland 20874-1290.
    We encourage all interested persons to email a copy of their 
written comments, if possible, to avoid delays that have occurred in 
processing mail addressed to the Department. However, we request that 
you send one signed copy of your comments for the record.
    Copies of any docket material may be reviewed and copied between 9 
a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays, at the 
U.S. Department of Energy Freedom of Information Reading Room, Room 1E-
190, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585, (202) 586-
3142. The docket material for this rulemaking will be filed under ``EH-
RM-02-835.''

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For further information concerning 
public participation in this rulemaking proceeding, see Section VI of 
this notice of proposed rulemaking (Opportunity for Public Comment).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Introduction and Background for Proposed Changes to 10 CFR Part 
820
    A. What is the Purpose and History of 10 CFR Part 820?
    B. Why is DOE Proposing Changes to 10 CFR Part 820?
    C. In General, What are the Proposed Changes to 10 CFR Part 820?
II. Summary of Changes to 10 CFR Part 820
    A. What are the Proposed Changes with Respect to References to 
the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Naval Reactors?
    B. What are the Proposed Changes in the Definition of 
``Secretarial Officer'?
    C. What are the Proposed Changes Relating to Investigations?
    D. What is the Proposed Change Relating to Direction of NNSA 
Contractors?
    E. What Changes are Being Proposed to the Appendix on 
Enforcement Policy?
III. Introduction and Background for Proposed Changes to 10 CFR Part 
835
    A. What is the Purpose and History of 10 CFR Part 835?
    B. Why is DOE Proposing Changes to 10 CFR Part 835?
    C. In General, What are the Proposed Changes to 10 CFR Part 835?
IV. Summary of Changes to 10 CFR Part 835
    A. What are the Proposed Changes to the Scope of 10 CFR Part 
835?
    B. What are the Proposed Changes to the Definitions in 10 CFR 
Part 835?
    C. What is the Proposed Change to Radiological Units in 10 CFR 
Part 835?
    D. What is the Effect of the Proposed Change on Radiation 
Protection Programs?
    E. What is the Proposed Change in the General Requirements for 
Monitoring Individuals and Areas in 10 CFR Part 835?
    F. What is the Proposed Change in the Monitoring of Packages 
Containing Radioactive Material in 10 CFR Part 835?
    G. What is the Proposed Change in the Exception for Labeling 
Requirements in 10 CFR Part 835?
    H. What are the Proposed Changes in the Individual Monitoring 
Records Requirements in 10 CFR Part 835?
    I. What are the Proposed Changes to Radiation Safety Training?
    J. What are the Proposed Changes in the Design and Control 
Requirements in 10 CFR Part 835?
    K. What are the Proposed Changes in the General Provisions to 
Emergency Exposure Situations in 10 CFR Part 835?
    L. What are the Proposed Changes to the DAC Values, Introductory 
Paragraph, and Footnotes in Appendix A in 10 CFR Part 835?
    M. What are the Proposed Changes to the DAC Values, Introductory 
Paragraph, and Footnotes in Appendix C in 10 CFR Part 835?
    N. What are the Proposed Changes to the Text and Footnotes in 
Appendix D in 10 CFR Part 835?
    O. What are the Proposed Changes to the Text and Footnote in 
Appendix E in 10 CFR Part 835?
    P. For these Proposed Changes in 10 CFR Part 835, Does DOE Plan 
to Issue Guidance Documents?
    Q. Would a Contractor Need to Submit Any Documents for DOE 
Approval?
V. Procedural Requirements
    A. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act
    B. Review Under Executive Order 12866
    C. Review Under Regulatory Flexibility Act
    D. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995
    E. Review Under Executive Order 13132
    F. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
    G. Review Under Executive Order 12988
    H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government 
Appropriations Act, 1999

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    I. Review Under Executive Order 13211
    J. Review Under the Treasury and General Government 
Appropriations Act, 2001
    K. Approval of the Office of the Secretary of Energy
VI. Opportunity for Public Comment
    A. Written Comments
    B. Public Hearing

I. Introduction and Background for Proposed Changes to 10 CFR Part 820

A. What is the Purpose and History of 10 CFR Part 820?

    Part 820 sets forth the procedural rules relating to DOE nuclear 
safety requirements. Among other things, 10 CFR part 820 sets forth the 
process for granting exemptions from nuclear safety requirements and 
the process for issuing civil penalties for violations of nuclear 
safety requirements. DOE proposed 10 CFR part 820 on December 9, 1991 
(56 FR 64290) and issued a clarification on May 15, 1992 (57 FR 20796). 
DOE published 10 CFR part 820 as a final rule on August 17, 1993 (58 FR 
43680) and amended it on October 8, 1997 (62 FR 52479) and on March 22, 
2000 (65 FR 15218).

B. Why is DOE Proposing Changes to 10 CFR Part 820?

    The legislation that established the NNSA contained several 
provisions that affect 10 CFR part 820. In particular, non-NNSA 
personnel (other than the Secretary and Deputy Secretary) are 
prohibited from giving direction to NNSA contractors. In addition, 
several Assistant Secretaries and the Deputy Assistant Secretary for 
Naval Reactors were converted into NNSA Deputy Administrators. Since 
the establishment of the NNSA, 10 CFR part 820 has been applied in a 
manner consistent with these provisions. The proposed changes would 
revise 10 CFR part 820 to reflect these provisions explicitly.

C. In General, What are the Proposed Changes to 10 CFR Part 820?

    The proposed changes to 10 CFR part 820 would: (1) Revise 
references to the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Naval Programs to 
reflect conversion of the Deputy Assistant Secretary into a Deputy 
Administrator; (2) include NNSA Administrator and Deputy Administrators 
in the definition of Secretarial Officer; (3) clarify that, with 
respect to NNSA contractors, the Secretarial Officer primarily 
responsible for environment, safety and health matters is the NNSA 
Deputy Administrator with such responsibility; (4) formalize the use of 
enforcement letters; and (5) make explicit the role of NNSA in giving 
direction to NNSA contractors pursuant to 10 CFR part 820.

II. Summary of Changes to 10 CFR Part 820

A. What are the Proposed Changes with Respect to References to the 
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Naval Reactors?

    The NNSA Act converted the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Naval 
Reactors into the Deputy Administrator for Naval Reactors. DOE is 
proposing to revise 820.1(c) by replacing the phrase ``Assistant 
Secretary for Naval Reactors'' with ``Deputy Administrator for Naval 
Reactors.'' DOE also is proposing to delete the last sentence in the 
definition of ``Secretarial Officer'' because the inclusion of ``Deputy 
Administrator'' in the first sentence makes the last sentence 
unnecessary. In addition, DOE is proposing to update the citation for 
the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program to include Public Law 106-65. No 
substantive change in the treatment of the Office of Naval Reactors 
under 10 CFR part 820 is being proposed.

B. What are the Proposed Changes in the Definition of ``Secretarial 
Officer''?

    The NNSA Act converted several Assistant Secretaries into Deputy 
Administrators. DOE is proposing to include the phrase ``Deputy 
Administrator'', in addition to the phrase ``NNSA Administrator'', in 
the definition of ``Secretarial Officer'' to reflect this change. In 
addition, DOE is proposing to add a sentence to the definition of 
``Secretarial Officer'' to make clear that, with respect to NNSA 
activities, the Secretarial Officer primarily responsible for 
environment, safety and health matters is the NNSA Administrator or 
NNSA Deputy Administrator with such responsibilities.

C. What Are the Proposed Changes Relating to Investigations?

    DOE is proposing to add two new subsections to 820.21 to codify 
current practices. Proposed 820.21(g) would recognize the use of 
enforcement letters to communicate expectations during an investigation 
into a possible violation of a nuclear safety requirement. Proposed 
820.21(h) would recognize that the Director may sign, issue and serve 
subpoenas during an investigation.

D. What Is the Proposed Change Relating to Direction of NNSA 
Contractors?

    The NNSA Act provides at 50 U.S.C. 2410(b) that non-NNSA personnel 
(other than the Secretary and Deputy Secretary) are prohibited from 
giving direction to NNSA contractors. Since the establishment of the 
NNSA, the NNSA and other elements of DOE, including the Office of 
Enforcement, have worked together to ensure 10 CFR part 820 operated in 
a manner consistent with section 2410(b). DOE is proposing a new 
section (820.13) to codify current practices and make clear that NNSA 
is responsible for signing, issuing and serving actions that give 
direction to NNSA contractors.

E. What Changes Are Being Proposed to the Appendix on Enforcement 
Policy?

    DOE is proposing to update the Appendix on Enforcement Policy to 
reflect the proposed changes to 10 CFR part 820.

III. Introduction and Background for Proposed Changes to 10 CFR Part 
835

A. What Is the Purpose and History of 10 CFR Part 835?

    10 CFR part 835 sets forth the nuclear safety requirements that 
provide radiological protection for DOE workers and members of the 
public. DOE proposed 10 CFR part 835 on December 9, 1991 (56 FR 64334) 
and published it as final on December 14, 1993, (58 FR 65458). DOE 
amended 10 CFR part 835 on November 4, 1998, (63 FR 59662).

B. Why Is DOE Proposing Changes to 10 CFR Part 835?

    DOE is proposing changes for a number of reasons. In some cases, an 
analysis of the operating experience with 10 CFR part 835 indicates 
DOE's needs can be met more effectively if there is a change. In other 
cases, the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board or members of the 
public have suggested changes. In addition, the International 
Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has issued newer 
recommendations on areas covered by 10 CFR part 835.

C. In General, What Are the Proposed Changes to 10 CFR Part 835?

    The proposed changes to 10 CFR part 835 would: (1) Clarify which 
requirements in 10 CFR part 835 apply to radioactive material 
transportation, (2) exclude from the scope of 10 CFR part 835 material, 
equipment and real property approved for release in accordance with DOE 
approved authorized limits which have been approved by a Secretarial 
Officer in consultation with the Office of the Assistant Secretary for 
Environment, Safety and Health, (3) update the dosimetric models and 
dose terms to be consistent with newer recommendations from ICRP, 
including use of updated tissue and radiation weighting factors and 
updated derived air concentration values, (4) establish derived air 
concentration values for tritiated

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particulate aerosols and organically bound tritium, (5) lower the upper 
limit on the amount of material which need not be labeled, (6) allow 
use of thresholds for recording occupational exposures, (7) establish 
derived air concentration default values for radionuclides not listed 
in the rule, (8) clarifies the role of NNSA to approve planned special 
exposures and approve dosimetry monitoring programs that are 
substantially equivalent to those accredited by the DOE Laboratory 
Accreditation Program (DOELAP), (9) establish strontium-90 
contamination limits based on the percentage of strontium-90 in 
contamination consisting of mixed fission products, and (10) revise 
values in Appendix E to be consistent with newer dosimetric models and 
add values for tritiated particulates and organically bound tritium.

IV. Summary of Changes to 10 CFR Part 835

A. What are the Proposed Changes to the Scope of 10 CFR Part 835?

    1. Material, Equipment and Real Property Exclusion. DOE proposes to 
amend Sec.  835.1 (Scope) by inserting a new paragraph (b)(6) which 
would exclude radioactive material on or within material, equipment and 
real property that is approved for release when the radiological 
conditions of the material, equipment and real property have been 
documented to comply, pursuant to DOE Order 5400.5, Radiation 
Protection of the Public and the Environment, with the criteria for 
release set forth in a DOE authorized limit which has been approved by 
a Secretarial Officer in consultation with the Office of the Assistant 
Secretary for Environment, Safety and Health. As DOE moves to a more 
risk based approach to radiological protection, inconsistencies may 
arise between DOE's occupational radiation protection requirements, 
which are prescribed for a specified radiological hazard, and DOE's 
environmental radiation protection requirements, which may be applied 
based on an assessment of risk. Under DOE Order 5400.5, real property 
on a DOE site and material and equipment from a DOE site may be 
released for unrestricted or restricted use by members of the public in 
accordance with a process to determine the risk to an individual from 
the residual radioactive material remaining on or within the material, 
equipment or property. Such material, equipment or property may 
sometimes contain contaminated surfaces which exceed the surface 
contamination levels in 10 CFR part 835 appendix D. The appendix D 
values trigger application of occupational radiological control for 
contaminated areas. Accordingly, under the current requirements, even 
though DOE may have determined that this material, equipment or 
property poses a minimal risk to individuals, if DOE activities are 
still associated with the material, equipment or property, certain 
radiological controls in 10 CFR part 835, such as those for access 
control, posting and training must be applied to portions of this 
material, equipment or property.
    To eliminate this potential inconsistency, DOE proposes a new 
section 835.1(b)(6) that would exclude from the scope of 10 CFR part 
835 radioactive material on or within material, equipment and real 
property which has been approved by DOE for release. This exclusion 
would only apply when the radiological conditions of the material, 
equipment and property, and the method for meeting the conditions, have 
been documented to comply with criteria for release specified in a DOE 
authorized limit for that material, equipment and property, and the 
criteria have been approved by a Secretarial Officer in consultation 
with the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety and 
Health. DOE recognizes that, depending on the potential exposure, this 
level of approval may be higher than that required by DOE Order 5400.5. 
However, this level of approval is consistent with other provisions of 
10 CFR part 835 for which there are alternative means of compliance, 
such as alternatives to the DOELAP, use of planned special exposures, 
and exemption from specified provisions of 10 CFR part 835. The 
requirement for consultation with the Office of the Assistant Secretary 
for Environment, Safety and Health would be satisfied by providing 
copies of a Secretarial Officer's approved authorized limits and 
supporting documentation to the cognizant office within the Office of 
the Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety and Health (currently 
the Office of Air, Water and Radiation Protection Policy and Guidance 
(EH-41)) for review and comment. EH-41 will coordinate the review and 
comment with EH-52. After comments have been resolved, the consultation 
process is complete. The intent for this proposed change is to allow 
for the exclusion to apply even for material, equipment or property 
which has not yet been released from DOE control.
    2. Radioactive Material Transportation. DOE proposes to revise 
section 835.1 to clarify which requirements in 10 CFR part 835 apply to 
the transportation of radioactive material by or on behalf of the DOE. 
Specifically, existing 835.1(b)(4) would be deleted and replaced by a 
new 835.1(d) that would state clearly that subparts F (Entry Control 
Program) and G (Posting and Labeling) do not apply to radioactive 
material transportation conducted by a DOE individual or DOE 
contractor, when the radioactive material is under the continuous 
observation and control of an individual who is knowledgeable of and 
implements required exposure control measures. This proposed change is 
not intended to affect the existing situation where the requirements in 
the other subparts of 10 CFR part 835 do apply to radioactive material 
transportation.
    DOE does not intend Part 835 to apply to transportation by the U.S. 
Postal Service or a commercial carrier, such as Fedex or UPS, that 
transport radioactive material as part of their normal operations. A 
company or subsidiary of a corporation that operates a DOE facility 
would not be considered a commercial carrier--even if such an 
organization transports radioactive material as part of their 
contractual agreement with DOE. This position is consistent with NRC 
practice. See, for example, 10 CFR 30.13, 40.12, and 70.12. DOE is 
requesting comments as to whether there should be an explicit exclusion 
of these carriers.
    DOE also is proposing editorial changes to the definition of 
``radioactive material transportation'' in Sec.  835.2(a). These 
proposed changes are not intended to affect the existing scope of this 
definition, which excludes activities related to transportation such as 
the preparation of material or packagings for transportation, storage 
of material awaiting transportation, or application of markings and 
labels required for transportation.

B. What are the Proposed Changes to the Definitions in 10 CFR Part 835?

    DOE proposes to change most of the dosimetric terms used in 10 CFR 
part 835 to reflect the recommendations for assessing dose and 
associated terminology from ICRP Publications 60 and 68. DOE proposes 
this change mainly because these recommendations are based on updated 
scientific models and more accurately reflect the occupational doses to 
workers than the models currently used by DOE, i.e., the models used in 
developing Radiation Protection Guidance to Federal agencies for 
Occupational Exposures (Environmental Protection Agency, 52 FR 2822, 
January 27, 1987) which are based upon 1977 recommendations from the 
ICRP. DOE notes that other

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Federal agencies, including the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 
the Food and Drug Administration, and the National Institute of 
Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), have already adopted the 
current ICRP recommendations in recent guidance documents and 
requirements. NIOSH uses the newer recommendations in performing DOE 
worker dose assessments under the Energy Employees Occupational Illness 
Compensation Program Act of 2000, which is contained in the Floyd D. 
Spence National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (Public 
Law 106-398). The EPA has adopted the recommendations in Federal 
Guidance Report Number 13, Cancer Risk Coefficients for Environmental 
Exposure to Radionuclides. In addition, recommendations published by 
the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) 
for the past several years, as well as several standards issued by the 
American National Standards Institute, have used the newer dosimetric 
quantities and units endorsed by the ICRP.
    Consistent with the current rule, internal doses would still be 
calculated based on a 50 year committed dose. The following ``cross-
walk'' is provided to show the new terms DOE proposes in this 
rulemaking and the current definitions of terms that would be replaced:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                 Proposed dosimetric
      Current dosimetric definitions                 definitions
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Committed effective dose equivalent.......  Committed effective dose.
Committed dose equivalent.................  Committed equivalent dose.
Cumulative total effective dose equivalent  Cumulative total effective
                                             dose.
Deep dose equivalent......................  Deep equivalent dose.
Dose equivalent...........................  Equivalent dose.
Effective dose equivalent.................  Effective dose.
Lens of the eye dose equivalent...........  Lens of the eye equivalent
                                             dose.
Quality factor............................  Radiation weighting factor.
Shallow dose equivalent...................  Shallow equivalent dose.
Weighting factor..........................  Tissue weighting factor.
Total effective dose equivalent...........  Total effective dose.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: Throughout the text of the proposed rule, the above terms would be
  revised.

    In addition, the following definitions would be revised: Annual 
limit on intake, Derived air concentration, Radiation area, 
Radiological worker, Dose, External dose or exposure, and Internal dose 
or exposure. Also, consistent with ICRP Publication 60, the table of 
weighting factors for neutrons would no longer list a column for 
neutron flux density.
    DOE recognizes that the proposed changes to most of the dosimetric 
terms used in 10 CFR part 835 to reflect the recommendations for 
assessing dose and associated terminology from ICRP Publications 60 and 
68 will require revising many site documents and the updating of 
training materials. Although, in June 2004, the ICRP released a draft 
of updated recommendations, which include some adjustment of Tissue 
Weighting Factors and Radiation Weighting Factors, DOE believes that 
this is still an opportune time to make these changes rather than 
waiting for the draft recommendations to be finalized. It may be 
several years before the ICRP will finalize and issue the revised 
recommendations and accompanying dose conversion factors. DOE evaluated 
the effect of the proposed revisions to Tissue Weighting Factors on 
derivation of dose conversion factors. The evaluation found, for 
radionuclides of most interest to DOE, that the ICRP proposed Tissue 
Weighting Factors revisions would have minimal impact on the secondary 
limits derived using the Tissue Weighting Factors (i.e., the Derived 
Air Concentrations and Sealed Radioactive Source Accountability 
values). Any future need by DOE to revise weighting factors should have 
minimal administrative impact for such activities as revising 
procedures and training materials. It is envisioned that, over time, 
updated recommendations to make revisions to dosimetry calculation 
models will periodically be made by national and international 
consensus groups. Given that fact, and the significant financial and 
resource impact, DOE recognizes that historical doses, recorded and 
reported to individuals prior to the effective implementation date of 
this proposed amendment, should still be considered to be the official 
dose of record. Barring some other unforeseen reason, e.g., discovery 
of a site or vendor specific miscalculation in assigned doses, DOE 
would not require the updating of historical doses to reflect these 
changes. DOE considered several options for this proposed change 
including:
     Allowing sites to choose either converting to the newer 
dosimetric terminology and Tissue and Radiation Weighting Factors or 
remaining with the existing terminology and Tissue and Radiation 
Weighting Factors;
     Not specifying in the Rule a specific set of Tissue and 
Radiation Weighting Factors, but requiring sites to specify in their 
DOE approved Radiation Protection Program the weighting factors to be 
used and the technical basis for that determination;
     Updating the Tissue and Radiation Weighting Factors to 
reflect the newer research without revising the dose terminology;
     Updating the Tissue and Radiation Weighting Factors to 
reflect the newer research and revising the dose terminology; and
     Converting to the newer dosimetric terminology and Tissue 
and Radiation Weighting Factors and not updating the Derived Air 
Concentration values (Appendices A and B to part 835) and Appendix E to 
part 835 values.
    DOE considers the best approach to convert all terminology and 
methodology, including the appendix A, B and E to part 835 values, to 
reflect ICRP Publications 60 and 68. However, DOE solicits comments on 
these different options.
    DOE recognizes that the dosimetric changes will result in the need 
to update numerous site documents and proposes a three year 
implementation schedule to alleviate the burden of making the changes 
(i.e., many of the changes can be made during the regularly scheduled 
document updating processing). An extended implementation date also 
would recognize that the benefit of updating documents to reflect the 
dosimetric changes may not justify the cost at sites nearing closure. 
For closure sites which are scheduled to continue operation beyond the 
implementation date for the proposed changes, the exemption process in 
10 CFR part 820 may be used to request relief, if appropriate. DOE 
requests input on any other constructive ways to reduce the costs of 
implementing this proposed change.
    As discussed in other sections of this preamble, the definitions of 
``authorized limit'' and ``real property'' would be added and the 
definition of ``radioactive material transportation'' would be revised.

C. What Is the Proposed Change to Radiological Units in 10 CFR Part 
835?

    DOE proposes to revise the text of Sec.  835.4 to allow use of 
additional units, such as dpm, mass units, uCi/cc, and dpm/
100cm2, in records required by this part. The original 
intent of this provision was to preclude the exclusive use of the SI 
units of becquerel, gray and sievert. The intent was not to preclude 
use of other conventional units, such as the ones previously listed. 
This

[[Page 46000]]

proposed change would achieve the original intent.

D. What Is the Effect of the Proposed Change on Radiation Protection 
Programs?

    DOE is proposing to add a new sentence at the end of Sec.  
835.101(f) that would read ``Unless otherwise specified in this part, 
compliance with the amendment to this part published on August 10, 
2006, [DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FR] shall be achieved no later than 
[DATE 3 YEARS FOLLOWING THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE FINAL RULE].'' DOE is 
proposing to require compliance with the amended requirements of this 
part to be achieved no later than three years after the effective date 
of this amendment. The reasons for an extended implementation date are 
the same as those discussed in connection with the proposed changes to 
the dosimetric terms.

E. What Is the Proposed Change in the General Requirements for 
Monitoring Individuals and Areas in 10 CFR Part 835?

    DOE proposes to amend Sec.  835.401(a)(5) by revising the text 
``engineering and process controls'' to read ``engineering and 
administrative controls''. This change is proposed in order to make the 
use of the terms consistent with DOE Policy 450.4 ``Safety Management 
System Policy''. DOE considers the terms to be equivalent.

F. What Is the Proposed Change in the Monitoring of Packages Containing 
Radioactive Material in 10 CFR Part 835?

    Certain DOE sites have stated that the requirement in Sec.  
835.405(c)(2) to perform a measurement of radiation levels was unclear. 
Under this provision, a measurement of radiation levels is required for 
receipt of packages of radioactive material ``unless the package 
contains less than a Type A quantity (as defined at 10 CFR 71.4) of 
radioactive material''. The definition of a Type A quantity in 10 CFR 
71.4 is a quantity of radioactive material which does not exceed a 
value provided in a specified table. Any quantity of radioactive 
material less than or equal to the value provided in the table is a 
Type A quantity. For example, if the table lists a quantity of 16 
Curies (Ci) for an isotope, any quantity of that isotope up to and 
including 16 Ci is a Type A quantity. DOE received statements that the 
only quantity less than a Type A quantity would be a zero quantity or a 
negative quantity.
    The intent of the requirement has always been that a measurement of 
the radiation level is required for receipt of packages containing more 
than a Type A quantity. Title 10 CFR 71.4 defines a Type B quantity as 
a quantity of radioactive material which exceeds a Type A quantity. 
Accordingly, to clarify the requirement, DOE proposes to amend Sec.  
835.405(c)(2) by changing ``unless the package contains less than a 
Type A quantity'' to ``if the package contains a Type B quantity''.

G. What Is the Proposed Change in the Exception for Labeling 
Requirements in 10 CFR Part 835?

    DOE proposes to establish an upper limit of 0.1 Ci for a quantity 
of radioactive material which would be excepted from the labeling 
requirement in Sec.  835.606(a)(2). After the establishment of the 
radioactive material labeling requirements in the 1998 amendment to 10 
CFR part 835, it was noted that the exception to labeling requirements 
for radioactive materials appeared excessive for certain isotopes. DOE 
exempts from labeling items and containers if a quantity of radioactive 
material is less than one tenth of the values specified in appendix E 
of 10 CFR part 835. For some isotopes this quantity is significant. For 
example, a container of tritiated water does not need to be labeled 
``Caution, Radioactive Material'' as long as there is less than 16 Ci 
of tritiated water in the container. While the basis for this 
exception, as discussed in the preamble to the 1998 amendment to 10 CFR 
part 835, is technically defensible, DOE believes that it is prudent to 
establish an upper limit for the labeling exception. The approach DOE 
is proposing is similar to that taken by the NRC, with the exception 
that the NRC upper limit is 0.001 Ci. DOE believes that the 0.1 Ci 
upper limit would provide an acceptable level of protection, based on 
the exposure scenario discussed in the preamble to the 1998 amendment 
(63 FR 59662), and still provides for sufficient operational 
flexibility in not being overly restrictive in the labeling 
requirements.

H. What Are the Proposed Changes in the Individual Monitoring Records 
Requirements in 10 CFR Part 835?

    DOE proposes to revise Sec.  835.702(b) to give sites the option of 
not assessing and recording any internal dose monitoring result 
estimated to be less than 10 millirem committed equivalent dose. This 
change is proposed in response to concerns that, under the current 
requirements, there is no threshold of positive internal dose 
monitoring result which need not be assessed and a dose recorded. DOE 
believes that this flexibility will be of most benefit for routine 
bioassay results from tritium and uranium operations. In particular for 
tritium, current requirements for recording internal doses may be 
considered to be overly burdensome. For tritium, positive bioassay 
results could result in needing to determine and record doses that are 
less than one millirem. The proposed revision allows some relief from 
needing to perform a dose assessment and to record these very small 
doses. This may most easily be achieved through the development and use 
of default values, below which no further dose assessment or recording 
is required. Establishing a dose threshold for any single bioassay and/
or air monitoring result makes the DOE requirements consistent with 
nationally accepted standards as discussed in American National 
Standard for Design of Internal Dosimetry Programs (ANSI/HPS N13.39-
2000). The provision still requires the maintenance of bioassay and/or 
air monitoring results in case they are needed by DOE in the future.
    DOE's policy has been that the current monitoring threshold of 100 
millirem should not be interpreted as an objective for internal dose 
monitoring (i.e., DOE fully recognizes that routine internal dose 
monitoring is not capable of detecting doses at the monitoring 
threshold for some radionuclides). Consistent with that policy, these 
proposed threshold values for assessing internal dose should not be 
construed as the establishment of thresholds for internal dose 
monitoring.
    The proposed revision would provide flexibility for assessing and 
recording doses for any single bioassay and/or air monitoring result 
and also includes an annual limit for doses that need not be assessed 
or recorded based on 50 percent of the applicable monitoring threshold 
at Sec. Sec.  835.402(c)(1) through (4). DOE recognizes that sites 
wishing to invoke the flexibility offered by this proposed change would 
need to develop and implement a program to track bioassay results to 
ensure that dose constraints are not exceeded without recording the 
doses. DOE will provide guidance on acceptable implementation methods.

I. What Are the Proposed Changes to Radiation Safety Training?

    DOE proposes to amend Sec.  835.901(b) by adding the text ``applied 
training,'' after ``by successful completion of.'' The training and 
applied training is to be commensurate with the hazards in the area and 
the required controls. DOE already requires, in Sec.  835.901(c), that

[[Page 46001]]

each individual demonstrate knowledge of the radiation safety training 
topics by successful completion of an examination and performance 
demonstrations. The current requirement for performance demonstration 
implies that the training will include practical factors or ``applied 
training''. Accordingly, DOE considers the proposed change to be only 
editorial.
    DOE is considering options for adding a provision for retention 
testing. DOE has provided, and still maintains several guidance 
documents which address retention testing. These include:
     DOE G 441.1-12, Radiation Safety Training Implementation 
Guide
     DOE-STD-1098-99, Radiological Control
     DOE-HDBK-1131-98, General Employee Radiological Training
     DOE-HDBK-1130-98, Radiological Worker Training
    In particular, DOE-HDBK-1131-98 includes an attachment ``Evaluating 
the Effectiveness of Radiological Training.'' This attachment discusses 
a recommended approach to implementing a retention testing program. DOE 
is soliciting comments on including, in 10 CFR part 835, a requirement 
for retention testing.
    In addition, DOE is soliciting comments on adding a provision, in 
subpart J, for radiological control technician (RCT) training. 
Currently, 10 CFR part 835 requires individuals responsible for 
developing and implementing measures necessary for ensuring compliance 
with the requirements of 10 CFR part 835 to have the appropriate 
education, training, and skills. This provision applies to RCTs. To 
assist sites in meeting this requirement, DOE has provided, and 
continues to maintain, several guidance documents discussing the 
training, retraining and qualifications of RCTs. These include:
     DOE G 441.1-1, Management and Administration of Radiation 
Protection Programs Implementation Guide
     DOE-STD-1098-99, Radiological Control
     DOE STD-1107-97, Knowledge, Skills, and Abilities for Key 
Radiation Protection Positions at DOE Facilities
     DOE-DBK-1122-99, Radiological Control Technician Training.
    All of the above provide guidance on DOE's expectations for the 
appropriate level of training, retraining, testing and qualification of 
RCTs. DOE is soliciting comments on including, in 10 CFR part 835, 
requirements for RCT of training, retraining, testing and 
qualification.

J. What Are the Proposed Changes in the Design and Control Requirements 
in 10 CFR Part 835?

    DOE proposes to amend Sec.  835.1001(a) by replacing the text 
``physical design features and administrative control'' with 
``engineering and administrative controls''. DOE also proposes to amend 
Sec.  835.1001(b) by replacing the text ``physical design features'' 
with ``engineering controls'' and proposes to amend Sec.  835.1003 by 
replacing the text ``physical design features and administrative 
controls'' with ``engineering and administrative controls''. These 
changes are proposed in order to make the use of the terms consistent 
with DOE Policy 450.4 ``Safety Management System Policy''. DOE 
considers the terms to be equivalent.

K. What Are the Proposed Changes in the General Provisions to Emergency 
Exposure Situations in 10 CFR Part 835?

    DOE proposes to amend the general provisions to emergency exposure 
situations to clarify that the resumption of operations, pursuant to 
Sec.  835.1301(d), only applies to operations which have been suspended 
as a result of a dose in excess of the limits specified in section 
Sec.  835.202. DOE considers the proposed change to be only editorial.

L. What Are the Changes to the DAC Values, Introductory Paragraph, and 
Footnotes in Appendix A to 10 CFR Part 835?

    One of the options discussed earlier in this preamble is the 
adoption of the system of dosimetry for intake of radioactive materials 
set forth in more recent ICRP Publications. Because provisions 
pertaining to the control of internal dose reference appendix A, DOE 
proposes to modify the derived air concentration values contained in 
appendix A to reflect the previously mentioned ICRP publications. The 
salient changes would be:
     The use of updated dose per unit intake conversion factors 
specified in ICRP Publication 68 instead of the dose per unit intake 
conversion factors in the EPA Federal Guidance Report Number 11, 
Limiting Values of Radionuclide Intake and Air Concentration and Dose 
Conversion Factors for Inhalation, Submersion, and Ingestion, which is 
the basis for the current appendix A values. ICRP Publication 68 lists 
committed effective dose coefficients which are used in deriving the 
derived air concentration limit based on the stochastic limit of 5 rem. 
In order to determine if the non-stochastic (organ) limit of 50 rem to 
any organ or tissue is more limiting, DOE used the ICRP computer 
program, The ICRP Database of Dose Coefficients: Workers and Members of 
the Public, ISBN 0 08 043 8768. As in the current set of derived air 
concentration values, the more limiting value (stochastic or non-
stochastic) is used.
     The use of the ICRP Publication 66 classification of 
radioactive material by absorption rate [F(fast), M(medium), and 
S(slow)] instead of by lung clearance classes [D(days), W(weeks), and 
Y(years)] as specified in ICRP Publication 30.
     The use of default particle size distribution of 5 [mu]m 
instead of a default particle size distribution of 1 [mu] if the actual 
particle size distribution is not known.
    These proposed changes are explained in the introduction to 
appendix A.
    In addition to the changes in the dosimetric models used to 
calculate the DACs in appendix A, several other changes to this 
appendix are proposed. One proposed change is to establish derived air 
concentration values for tritiated particulate aerosols, insoluble 
organically bound tritium and default values for radionuclides not 
listed in the appendix.
    Subsequent to the November 4, 1998, amendment to 10 CFR part 835, 
Occupational Radiation Protection (63 FR 59662), the Department and its 
contractors have been researching and developing appropriate guidance 
for individual exposure to tritiated particulate aerosols and insoluble 
organically bound tritium. In 1999, the DOE Office of Worker Protection 
Policy and Programs (EH-52) issued Radiological Control Technical 
Position RCTP 99-02, Acceptable Approach for Developing Air 
Concentration Values for Controlling Exposures to Tritiated Particulate 
Aerosols and Organically-Bound Tritium, which provided guidance on use 
of acceptable air concentration values. In 2004 EH-52 also published a 
technical standard, Radiological Control Programs for Special Tritium 
Compounds, DOE-HDBK-1184-2004, which provides additional guidance on 
use of acceptable air concentration values. The ICRP publications do 
not list dose coefficients for tritiated particulate aerosols and do 
not specifically address insoluble organically bound tritium. 
Therefore, DOE proposes including derived air concentration values for 
these substances based on the methodology described in DOE-HDBK-1184-
2004, adjusted to use the ICRP 60 dosimetric quantities. This handbook 
is available for review at: http://

[[Page 46002]]

www.eh.doe.gov/radiation/ts.html and the Freedom of Information Reading 
Room.
    Appendix A to 10 CFR part 835 does not include default values for 
radionuclides not listed in the appendices. Consistent with the NRC 
practice, DOE proposes to establish default values for radionuclides 
not listed in appendix A. One default value would apply for any isotope 
not already listed with a decay mode other than alpha emission or 
spontaneous fission and with a radioactive half-life greater than two 
hours. The default value would be the most restrictive applicable 
derived air concentration value already listed in appendix A for that 
type of decay, i.e., 1.E-10 [mu]Ci/ml (4 Bq/m3). The second 
default value would apply for any isotope not already listed with a 
decay mode of alpha emission or spontaneous fission, or any mixture for 
which the identity or the concentration of any radionuclide in the 
mixture is not known. The default value would likewise be the most 
restrictive applicable derived air concentration value already listed 
in appendix A, i.e., 2.E-13 [mu]Ci/ml (8.E-03 Bq/m3).

M. What Are the Proposed Changes to the DAC Values, Introductory 
Paragraph, and Footnotes in Appendix C to 10 CFR Part 835?

    DOE proposes to amend appendix C to 10 CFR part 835 by changing the 
term ``contaminated atmospheric cloud'' to ``cloud of airborne 
radioactive material''. DOE considers this change to be only editorial. 
Consistent with DOE's proposal to adopt the system of dosimetry for 
intake of radioactive materials set forth in more recent ICRP 
publications, DOE proposes to replace the air immersion derived air 
concentration values in appendix C with new values which were 
determined using ICRP Publication 68 methodology. Specifically, the 
proposed values are derived from the dose conversion factors in Annex D 
of ICRP publication 68 and assumes 250 days (50 weeks times 5 days per 
week) exposure per year to get an effective dose of 5 rem in a year. 
Consistent with the NRC, DOE also proposes to establish a default value 
for any single radionuclide not listed in the appendix. The default 
value would apply for any isotope not already listed with a decay mode 
other than alpha emission or spontaneous fission and with a radioactive 
half-life less than two hours. The derived air concentration would be 
the most restrictive value already listed, i.e., 6.E-06 [mu]Ci/ml 
(2.E+04 Bq/m3).

N. What Are the Proposed Changes to the Text and Footnotes in Appendix 
D to 10 CFR Part 835?

    Several changes to appendix D are proposed in order to codify 
guidance issued by the Department in Radiological Control Technical 
Positions (RCTP) and to enhance the clarity of this section. In 10 Code 
of Federal Regulations Part 835 Appendix D--Surface Radioactivity 
Values, RCTP 96-02, DOE provided guidance on the application of 
footnote 5 to this appendix that addresses surface contamination values 
for mixed fission products containing Sr-90. Based on this guidance, 
DOE proposes to revise appendix D as follows: In the second group of 
nuclides (total surface radioactivity value--1000 dpm/100 
cm2; removable surface radioactivity value--200 dpm/100 
cm2) the parenthetical phrase ``including mixed fission 
products where the Sr-90 fraction is 90 percent or more of the total 
activity'' would be inserted. A new group would be added to appendix D 
(between the existing second and third groups) that consists of mixed 
fission products where the Sr-90 fraction is more than 50 percent but 
less than 90 percent of the total activity. For this new group, the 
total surface radioactivity value would be 3000 dpm/100 cm2 
and the removable surface radioactivity value would be 600 dpm/100 
cm2. In the group of beta-gamma emitters (total surface 
radioactivity value--5000 dpm/100 cm2; removable surface 
radioactivity value--1000 dpm/100 cm2) the term ``Sr-90 and 
others'' would be replaced by the word ``those''.
    In addition, DOE proposes to clarify footnote seven to Appendix D 
by replacing the term ``(alpha)'' with the sentence ``These limits only 
apply to the alpha emitters within the respective decay series.
    DOE is not proposing changes to the surface radioactivity values in 
Appendix D at this time. DOE is aware of newly developed surface 
radioactivity criteria (see American National Standard--Surface and 
Volume Radioactivity Standards for Clearance (ANSI/HPS N13.12-1999)), 
for the release of property and other items, which are more clearly 
based on potential risks than the surface contamination values in 
appendix D. However, to maintain a consistent application in the use of 
surface radioactivity values for both protection of workers and for 
protection of the public and the environment, DOE intends to continue 
evaluation of appendix D surface contamination values as a coordinated 
project that addresses both occupational and environmental aspects of 
this topic.
    DOE-HDBK-1184-2004 recommends applying the 10 CFR part 835 subpart 
L provisions when the contamination levels from insoluble tritiated 
particles fixed to a surface exceed the removable tritium limit. DOE is 
soliciting comments on the need to revise the rule to reflect this 
recommendation.

O. What Are the Proposed Changes to the Text and Footnote in Appendix E 
to 10 CFR Part 835?

    As discussed earlier, DOE proposes to adopt the system of dosimetry 
for intake of radioactive materials set forth in more recent ICRP 
Publications. The appendix E values would be revised using the ICRP 60 
methodology and using the same exposure scenarios as were discussed in 
the 1998 amendment to 10 CFR part 835. In summary, the values would be 
based on the more limiting of the quantity of radioactive material 
which results in either an external or internal whole body dose, from 
either inhalation or ingestion, of 100 millirem. The external exposure 
scenario assumes a photon exposure for 12 hours a day for 365 days with 
the source distance being at 1 meter. The internal exposure scenario 
assumes an instantaneous intake of 0.001% of the material by an 
individual. Consistent with the other proposed changes, appendix E 
values have been recalculated to reflect the previously mentioned ICRP 
publications.
    DOE also proposes to add a footnote to appendix E that any type of 
tritiated particulate aerosol or organically-bound tritiated compound 
has a value of 10 Ci. This proposed change would be made to keep 
appendix E consistent with the proposed change to appendix A which 
includes the addition of tritiated compounds. The value of 10 Ci was 
derived using the same method as the other proposed values in appendix 
E, i.e., they are based on the exposure scenario discussed in the 
preamble to the 1998 amendment. Specifically, the inhalation exposure 
scenario used to derive the 10 Ci value assumes a 100 mrem dose from a 
Type S hafnium tritide particle (the most restrictive tritiated 
particulate aerosol or organically-bound tritiated compound) with a 
release fraction to be inhaled of 0.001%. A dose conversion value of 
2.6 E-10 Sv/Bq, using the methodology from Radiological Control 
Programs for Special Tritium Compounds, DOE-HDBK-1184-2004, adjusted to 
using the ICRP 60 dosimetric quantities, was used.
    In addition, the appendix E value for Californium-252, which decays 
by

[[Page 46003]]

spontaneous fission emitting neutrons, would be lower if the external 
exposure assumption was for neutron instead of photon exposure. 
Accordingly, DOE calculated the proposed appendix E value for 
Californium-252 by substituting a neutron exposure for the photon 
exposure in the external exposure scenario using values from Reference 
Neutron Radiations--Part 1: Characteristics and Methods of Production, 
ISO/CD, 8529-1.

P. For These Proposed Changes in 10 CFR Part 835, Does DOE Plan To 
Issue Guidance Documents?

    The primary implementation guides which define DOE's expectations 
for the existing rule are the DOE G 441.1 series of 13 Implementation 
Guides for use with 10 CFR part 835. All of these guides are available 
through the DOE directives Web page on ``http://www.directives.doe.gov/serieslist.html''.
    DOE plans on updating these 13 guides to reflect the amended 
requirements. DOE also plans to review and, as necessary, incorporate 
the DOE Radiological Control Technical Positions issued by the DOE 
Office of Worker Protection Policy and Programs into the Implementation 
Guides. DOE Technical Standards developed by the DOE Office of Worker 
Protection Policy and Programs will be updated as part of their routine 
five year reaffirmation process. In particular, these Technical 
Standards include: DOE-STD-1098-99 Radiological Control, DOE-STD-1121-
98 Internal Dosimetry and the series of handbook relating to radiation 
protection training.

Q. Would a Contractor Need To Submit Any Documents for DOE Approval?

    Section 835.101(g) requires contractors to update their Radiation 
Protection Program (RPP) and submit it to the DOE within 180 days of 
the effective date of any modifications to part 835. In accordance with 
10 CFR 835.101(f), the RPP shall include plans, schedules, and other 
measures for achieving compliance no later than three years following 
the effective date of the amendment. DOE has issued guidance on 
submittal of RPPs in DOE G 441.1-1A, Management and Administration of 
Radiation Protection Programs.

V. Procedural Requirements

A. Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act

    DOE has reviewed these proposed amendments to 10 CFR parts 820 and 
835 under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1969 (42 
U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), the Council on Environmental Quality's 
regulations (40 CFR parts 1500-08), and DOE's implementing regulations 
(10 CFR part 1021). Categorical Exclusion A5 in Appendix A to Subpart D 
of 10 CFR part 1021 (rulemaking that amends an existing rule without 
changing the environmental effect of the amended rule) applies to this 
rulemaking. Accordingly, DOE has not prepared an environmental impact 
statement or an environmental assessment pursuant to NEPA.

B. Review Under Executive Order 12866

    This proposed rule has been determined not to be a ``significant 
regulatory action'' within the scope of section 3(f) of the Executive 
Order 12866, ``Regulatory Planning and Review'' (58 FR 51735, October 
4, 1993. Accordingly, this proposed rule was not reviewed under the 
Executive Order by the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in 
the Office of Management and Budget.

C. Review Under Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C. 601 et seq., requires that 
a Federal agency prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis for any rule 
for which the agency is required to publish a general notice of 
proposed rulemaking. The requirement to prepare an analysis does not 
apply, however, if the agency certifies that a rule will not have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. 
As required by Executive Order 13272, ``Proper Consideration of Small 
Entities in Agency Rulemaking,'' 67 FR 53461 (August 16, 2002), DOE 
published procedures and policies on February 19, 2003, to ensure that 
the potential impacts of its rules on small entities are properly 
considered during the rulemaking process (68 FR 7990). DOE has made its 
procedures and policies available on the Office of General Counsel's 
Web site: http://www.gc.doe.gov.
    The impact of the changes to 10 CFR part 820 are primarily for 
DOE's administration of its enforcement program. The impact of the 
changes to 10 CFR part 835 are primarily with respect to large 
management and operating contractors. Subcontractors and suppliers are 
expected to satisfy the provisions of 10 CFR part 835 primarily through 
the programs and procedures established by prime contractors. The 
impacts to small entities with respect to changes to 10 CFR parts 820 
and 835 are expected to be minor and the costs of compliance are 
reimbursable under contracts with DOE. On this basis, DOE certifies 
that this rule will not have a significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities and, therefore, no analysis has 
been prepared.

D. Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

    The information collection provisions of this proposed rule are not 
substantially different from those contained in DOE contracts with DOE 
prime contractors covered by this proposed rule. The information 
collection was previously approved by the Office of Management and 
Budget (OMB) and assigned OMB Control No. 1910-0300. Accordingly, no 
additional Office of Management and Budget clearance is required by the 
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.).

E. Review Under Executive Order 13132

    Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999), requires 
agencies to develop an accountable process to ensure meaningful and 
timely input by State and local officials in the development of 
regulatory policies that have ``federalism implications.'' Policies 
that have federalism implications are defined in the Executive Order to 
include regulations that have substantial direct effects on the States, 
on the relationship between the national government and the States, or 
on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various 
levels of government. DOE has examined the proposed changes to 10 CFR 
parts 820 and 835 and determined that they do not have a substantial 
direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national 
government and the States, or on the distribution of power and 
responsibilities among various levels of government. No further action 
is required by Executive Order 13132.

F. Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995

    Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995, 2 U.S.C. 1531 
et seq., requires each Federal agency, to the extent permitted by law, 
to prepare a written assessment of the effects of any Federal mandate 
in an agency rule that may result in the expenditure by State, local, 
and tribal governments, in the aggregate or by the private sector, of 
$100 million or more (adjusted annually for inflation) in any one year.
    This proposed rule would amend 10 CFR parts 820 and 835. The 10 CFR 
part 835 changes would apply only to activities conducted by or for DOE

[[Page 46004]]

involving individual exposure to ionizing radiation. Any costs 
resulting from implementation of DOE's management, operation, and 
enforcement of its nuclear safety program are ultimately borne by the 
Federal Government. Therefore, the requirements of Title II of the 
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 do not apply.

G. Review Under Executive Order 12988

    With respect to the review of existing regulations and the 
promulgation of new regulations, section 3 of Executive Order 12988, 
``Civil Justice Reform,'' 61 FR 4729 (February 7, 1996), imposes on 
Executive agencies the general duty to eliminate drafting errors and 
ambiguity, write regulations to minimize litigation, provide a clear 
legal standard for affected conduct rather than a general standard, and 
promote simplification and burden reduction. Section 3(c) of Executive 
Order 12988 requires Executive agencies to review regulations in light 
of applicable standards in section 3(a) and section 3(b) to determine 
whether they are met. DOE has completed the required review and 
determined that, to the extent permitted by law, this notice of 
proposed rulemaking to amend 10 CFR parts 820 and 835 meets the 
relevant standards of Executive Order 12988.

H. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 
1999

    Section 654 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations 
Act, 1999 (Pub. L. 105-277) requires Federal agencies to issue a Family 
Policymaking Assessment for any proposed rule or policy that may affect 
family well-being. The proposed amendments to 10 CFR parts 820 and 835 
would not impact on the autonomy or integrity of the family 
institution. Accordingly, DOE has concluded that it is not necessary to 
prepare a Family Policymaking Statement.

I. Review under Executive Order 13211

    Executive Order 13211, ``Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use'' (66 FR 
28355, May 22, 2001) requires Federal agencies to prepare and submit to 
the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the Office of 
Management and Budget a Statement of Energy Effects for any significant 
energy action. Today's proposed rule is not a significant energy 
action, as that term is defined in the Executive Order. Accordingly, 
DOE has not prepared a Statement of Energy Effects.

J. Review Under the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act, 
2001

    The Treasury and General Government Appropriation Act, 2001 (44 
U.S. C. 3516, note) provides for agencies to review most dissemination 
of information to the public under guidelines established by each 
agency pursuant to general guidelines issued by OMB. OMB'S guidelines 
were published at 67 FR 8452 (February 22, 2002), and DOE's guidelines 
were published at 67 FR 62446 (October 7, 2002). DOE has reviewed 
today's notice under the OMB and DOE guidelines and has concluded that 
it is consistent with applicable policies in those guidelines.

K. Approval of the Office of the Secretary of Energy

    The Office of the Secretary has approved the issuance of this 
notice of proposed rulemaking.

VI. Opportunity for Public Comment

A. Written Comments

    Interested persons are invited to participate in this proceeding by 
submitting data, views, or comments on this proposed rule. Three copies 
of written comments should be submitted to the address indicated in the 
ADDRESSES section of this notice of proposed rulemaking. Comments 
should be identified on the outside of the envelope and on the comments 
themselves with the designated ``Docket No. EH-RM-02-835'' or ``RIN 
1901-AA95.'' All comments received on or before the date specified at 
the beginning of this notice will be considered before final action is 
taken in this rulemaking. Because of recent delays in the delivery of 
mail to DOE, we recommend that comments also be sent by email to the 
address given at the beginning of this notice of proposed rulemaking.
    All submitted comments will be available for public inspection as 
part of the administrative record for this rulemaking in the DOE 
Freedom of Information Reading Room at the address given in the 
ADDRESSES section of this notice of proposed rulemaking.
    Pursuant to the provisions of 10 CFR 1004.11, anyone submitting 
information or data that he or she believes to be confidential and 
exempt by law from public disclosure should submit one complete copy of 
the document, as well as two copies, if possible, from which the 
information has been deleted. DOE will make its determination as to the 
confidentiality of the information and treat it accordingly.

B. Public Hearing

    A public hearing will be held at the time, date, and location 
indicated in the DATES and ADDRESSES sections of this notice. DOE 
invites any person who has an interest in the proposed rule, or who is 
a representative of a group or class of persons that has an interest, 
to make a request for an opportunity to make an oral presentation at 
the hearing. Requests to speak should be sent to the mailing address or 
e-mail address or made by calling the telephone number given in the 
DATES section of this notice. Requests must be received by the time 
specified in the DATES section of this notice. The person making the 
request should provide a daytime telephone number. Each person selected 
to speak at a public hearing will be notified as to his or her 
approximate speaking time. DOE reserves the right to select persons to 
be heard at each hearing, to schedule their presentations, and to 
establish procedures governing the conduct of the hearing. The length 
of each presentation will be limited to 10 minutes, unless the hearing 
officer determines that the number of persons requesting to speak 
permits longer presentation times.
    A departmental official will be designated to preside at the 
hearing. The hearing will not be a judicial or a trial-type hearing but 
will be conducted in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 553 and section 501 of 
the Department of Energy Organization Act, 42 U.S.C. 7191. Only those 
persons conducting the hearing may ask questions. At the conclusion of 
all initial oral statements, each person will be given the opportunity 
to make a rebuttal statement. The rebuttal statements will be given in 
the same order as the initial statements. Any further procedural rules 
needed for the proper conduct of the hearing will be announced by the 
Presiding Officer at the hearing.
    DOE will retain the record of the full hearing, including the 
transcript, and make it available for inspection and copying in the DOE 
Freedom of Information Reading Room at the address provided in the 
ADDRESSES section of this notice. Transcripts may be purchased from the 
court reporter.
    If DOE must cancel the hearing, every effort will be made to 
publish an advance notice of such cancellation in the Federal Register. 
Notice of cancellation also will be given to all persons scheduled to 
speak at the hearing. The hearing date may be canceled in the event no 
public testimony has been scheduled in advance.

[[Page 46005]]

List of Subjects

10 CFR Part 820

    Administrative practice and procedure, Federal buildings and 
facilities, Government contracts, Nuclear energy, Nuclear materials, 
Nuclear power plants and reactors, Nuclear safety, Penalties, Public 
health, and Radiation protection.

10 CFR Part 835

    Federal buildings and facilities, Nuclear energy, Nuclear 
materials, Nuclear power plants and reactors, Nuclear safety, 
Occupational safety and health, Radiation protection, and Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements.

    Issued in Washington, DC on July 6, 2006.
C. Russell H. Shearer,
Acting Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety and Health.

    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, Parts 820 and 835 of 
Chapter III, Title 10, of the Code of Federal Regulations are proposed 
to be amended as set forth below.

PART 820--PROCEDURAL RULES FOR DOE NUCLEAR ACTIVITIES

    1. The authority citation for part 820 is revised to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 2201; 2282(a); 7191; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; 
50 U.S.C. 2410.

    2. In Sec.  820.1 paragraph (c) is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  820.1  Purpose and Scope.

* * * * *
    (c) Exclusion. Activities and facilities covered under E.O. 12344, 
42 U.S.C. 7158 note, pertaining to Naval nuclear propulsion are 
excluded from the requirements of subparts D and E of this part 
regarding interpretations and exemptions related to this part. The 
Deputy Administrator for Naval Reactors or his designee will be 
responsible for formulating, issuing, and maintaining appropriate 
records of interpretations and exemptions for these facilities and 
activities.
    3. In Sec.  820.2 revise the definitions for ``Director'', and 
``Secretarial Officer'', and add a new definition for ``NNSA'', in 
alphabetical order to read as follows:


Sec.  820.2  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Director means a DOE Official to whom the Secretary has assigned 
the authority to investigate the nature and extent of compliance with 
the requirements of this part. With regard to activities and facilities 
covered under E.O. 12344, 42 U.S.C. 7158 note, pertaining to Naval 
nuclear propulsion, the Director shall mean the Deputy Administrator 
for Naval Reactors or his designee.
* * * * *
    NNSA means the National Nuclear Security Administration.
* * * * *
    Secretarial Officer means the Assistant Secretary, NNSA 
Administrator, Deputy Administrator, Program Office Director, or 
equivalent DOE official who has primary line management responsibility 
for a contractor.
* * * * *
    4. Section 820.13 is added to read as follows:


Sec.  820.13  Direction to NNSA contractors.

    (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, and pursuant 
to section 3220 of Public Law 106-65, as amended, the NNSA 
Administrator, rather than the Director, signs, issues and serves the 
following actions that direct NNSA contractors:
    (1) Subpoenas;
    (2) Orders to compel attendance;
    (3) Disclosures of information or documents obtained during an 
investigation or inspection;
    (4) Preliminary notices of violations; and
    (5) Final notices of violations.
    (b) The NNSA Administrator shall act after consideration of the 
Director's recommendation.
    5. In Sec.  820.21, paragraphs (g) and (h) are added to read as 
follows:


Sec.  820.21  Investigations.

* * * * *
    (g) The Director may issue enforcement letters that communicate 
DOE's expectations with respect to any aspect of the requirements of 
DOE's Nuclear Safety Requirements, including identification and 
reporting of issues, corrective actions, and implementation of the 
DOE's Nuclear Safety Requirements, provided that an enforcement letter 
may not create the basis for any legally enforceable requirement 
pursuant to this part.
    (h) The Director may sign, issue and serve subpoenas.
    6. In Appendix A to part 820, revise sections IV and VIII to read 
as follows:

Appendix A to Part 820--General Statement of Enforcement Policy

* * * * *

IV. Responsibilities

    (a) The Director, as the principal enforcement officer of the 
DOE, has been delegated the authority to:
    (1) Conduct enforcement inspections, investigations, and 
conferences;
    (2) Issue Notices of Violations and proposed civil penalties, 
Enforcement Letters, Consent Orders, and subpoenas; and
    (3) Issue orders to compel attendance and disclosure of 
information or documents obtained during an investigation or 
inspection.
    (b) The NNSA Administrator, pursuant to section 3212 of Public 
Law 106-65, as amended, has responsibility for environment, safety 
and health operations within NNSA and is authorized to sign, issue 
and serve the following actions that direct NNSA contractors:
    (1) Subpoenas;
    (2) Orders to compel attendance;
    (3) Disclosure of information or documents obtained during an 
investigation or inspection;
    (4) Preliminary Notices of Violations; and
    (5) Final Notices of Violations.
    The NNSA Administrator acts after consideration of the 
Director's recommendation.
* * * * *

VIII. Enforcement Letter

    (a) In cases where DOE has decided not to conduct an 
investigation or inspection or issue a Preliminary Notice of 
Violation (PNOV), DOE may send an Enforcement Letter to the 
contractor, signed by the Director. Enforcement Letters issued to 
NNSA contractors will be coordinated with the Deputy Administrator 
of the NNSA with primary responsibility for environment, safety and 
health matters prior to issuance. The Enforcement Letter is intended 
to communicate the basis of the decision not to pursue enforcement 
action for a noncompliance. The Enforcement Letter is intended to 
inform contractors of the desired level of worker safety and health 
performance. It may be used when DOE concludes the specific 
noncompliance at issue is not of the level of significance warranted 
to conduct an investigation or inspection or for issuance of a PNOV. 
Even where a noncompliance may be significant, the Enforcement 
Letter recognizes that the contractor's actions may have attenuated 
the need for enforcement action. The Enforcement Letter will 
typically recognize how the contractor handled the circumstances 
surrounding the noncompliance, address additional areas requiring 
the contractor's attention, and address DOE's expectations for 
corrective action.
    (b) In general, Enforcement Letters communicate DOE's 
expectations with respect to any aspect of the requirements of this 
part, including identification and reporting of issues, corrective 
actions, and implementation of the contractor's safety and health 
program. DOE might, for example, wish to recognize some action of 
the contractor that is of particular benefit to worker safety and 
health that is a candidate for emulation by other contractors. On 
the other hand, DOE may wish to bring a program shortcoming to the 
attention of the contractor that, but for the lack of worker safety 
and health significance of the immediate issue, might have resulted 
in the issuance of a PNOV. An Enforcement Letter is not an 
enforcement action.

[[Page 46006]]

    (c) With respect to many noncompliances, DOE may decide not to 
send an Enforcement Letter. When DOE decides that a contractor has 
appropriately corrected a noncompliance or that the significance of 
the noncompliance is sufficiently low, it may close out its review 
simply through an annotation in the DOE Noncompliance Tracking 
System (NTS). A closeout of a noncompliance with or without an 
Enforcement Letter may only take place after DOE has confirmed that 
corrective actions have been completed. Closeout of any NNSA 
contractor noncompliance will be coordinated with NNSA prior to 
closeout.
* * * * *

PART 835--OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION PROTECTION

    7. The authority citation for part 835 is revised to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 2201; 7191; 50 U.S.C. 2410.

    8. Section 835.1 is amended:
    a. In the introductory text of paragraph (b), remove the word 
``discussed'' and add in its place ``provided''.
    b. Paragraph (b)(2) is revised.
    c. Paragraph (b)(4) is removed.
    d. Paragraph (b)(5) is redesignated as (b)(4) and the word ``or'' 
at the end of the paragraph is removed.
    e. Paragraph (b)(6) is redesignated as (b)(5) and the period at the 
end of the paragraph is removed and ``; or'' is added in its place.
    f. A new paragraph (b)(6) is added.
    g. Paragraph (c) is revised.
    h. A new paragraph (d) is added.
    The revisions and additions specified above read as follows:


Sec.  835.1  Scope.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (2) Activities conducted under the authority of the Deputy 
Administrator for Naval Reactors, as described in Public Law 98-525 and 
106-65;
* * * * *
    (6) Radioactive material on or within material, equipment and real 
property which is approved for release when the radiological conditions 
of the material, equipment and real property have been documented to 
comply with the criteria for release set forth in a DOE authorized 
limit which has been approved by a Secretarial Officer in consultation 
with the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Environment, Safety and 
Health.
    (c) Occupational doses received as a result of excluded activities 
listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) and (b)(6) of this section, 
shall be included to the extent practicable when determining compliance 
with the occupational dose limits at Sec. Sec.  835.202 and 835.207, 
and with the limits for the embryo/fetus at Sec.  835.206. Occupational 
doses resulting from authorized emergency exposures and planned special 
exposures shall not be considered when determining compliance with the 
dose limits at Sec. Sec.  835.202 and 835.207.
    (d) The requirements in subparts F and G of this part do not apply 
to radioactive material transportation, provided the radioactive 
material is under the continuous observation and control of an 
individual who is knowledgeable of and implements required exposure 
control measures.
    9. Section 835.2 is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  835.2  Definitions.

    (a) As used in this part:
    Accountable sealed radioactive source means a sealed radioactive 
source having a half-life equal to or greater than 30 days and an 
isotopic activity equal to or greater than the corresponding value 
provided in appendix E of this part.
    Airborne radioactive material or airborne radioactivity means 
radioactive material dispersed in the air in the form of dusts, fumes, 
particulates, mists, vapors, or gases.
    Airborne radioactivity area means any area, accessible to 
individuals, where:
    (1) The concentration of airborne radioactivity, above natural 
background, exceeds or is likely to exceed the derived air 
concentration (DAC) values listed in appendix A or appendix C of this 
part; or
    (2) An individual present in the area without respiratory 
protection could receive an intake exceeding 12 DAC-hours in a week.
    ALARA means ``As Low As is Reasonably Achievable,'' which is the 
approach to radiation protection to manage and control exposures (both 
individual and collective) to the work force and to the general public 
to as low as is reasonable, taking into account social, technical, 
economic, practical, and public policy considerations. As used in this 
part, ALARA is not a dose limit but a process which has the objective 
of attaining doses as far below the applicable limits of this part as 
is reasonably achievable.
    Annual limit on intake (ALI) means the derived limit for the amount 
of radioactive material taken into the body of an adult worker by 
inhalation or ingestion in a year. ALI is the smaller value of intake 
of a given radionuclide in a year by the reference man (ICRP 
Publication 23) that would result in a committed effective dose of 5 
rems (0.05 sievert) or a committed equivalent dose of 50 rems (0.5 
sievert) to any individual organ or tissue. ALI values for intake by 
ingestion and inhalation of selected radionuclides are based on 
International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 68, 
Dose Coefficients for Intakes of Radionuclides by Workers, published 
July, 1994 (ISBN 0 08 042651 4). This document is available from 
Elsevier Science Inc., Tarrytown, NY.
    Authorized limit means a limit on the concentration of residual 
radioactive material on the surfaces or within the property that has 
been derived consistent with DOE directives including the as low as is 
reasonably achievable (ALARA) process requirements, given the 
anticipated use of the property and has been authorized by DOE to 
permit the release of the property from DOE radiological control.
    Background means radiation from:
    (1) Naturally occurring radioactive materials which have not been 
technologically enhanced;
    (2) Cosmic sources;
    (3) Global fallout as it exists in the environment (such as from 
the testing of nuclear explosive devices);
    (4) Radon and its progeny in concentrations or levels existing in 
buildings or the environment which have not been elevated as a result 
of current or prior activities; and
    (5) Consumer products containing nominal amounts of radioactive 
material or producing nominal amounts of radiation.
    Bioassay means the determination of kinds, quantities, or 
concentrations, and, in some cases, locations of radioactive material 
in the human body, whether by direct measurement or by analysis and 
evaluation of radioactive materials excreted or removed from the human 
body.
    Calibration means to adjust and/or determine either:
    (1) The response or reading of an instrument relative to a standard 
(e.g., primary, secondary, or tertiary) or to a series of 
conventionally true values; or
    (2) The strength of a radiation source relative to a standard 
(e.g., primary, secondary, or tertiary) or conventionally true value.
    Contamination area means any area, accessible to individuals, where 
removable surface contamination levels exceed or are likely to exceed 
the removable surface contamination values specified in appendix D of 
this part, but do not exceed 100 times those values.
    Controlled area means any area to which access is managed by or for 
DOE to protect individuals from exposure to radiation and/or 
radioactive material.
    Declared pregnant worker means a woman who has voluntarily declared 
to her employer, in writing, her pregnancy

[[Page 46007]]

for the purpose of being subject to the occupational dose limits to the 
embryo/fetus as provided in Sec.  835.206. This declaration may be 
revoked, in writing, at any time by the declared pregnant worker.
    Derived air concentration (DAC) means, for the radionuclides listed 
in appendix A of this part, the airborne concentration that equals the 
ALI divided by the volume of air breathed by an average worker for a 
working year of 2000 hours (assuming a breathing volume of 2400 m\3\). 
For the radionuclides listed in appendix C of this part, the air 
immersion DACs were calculated for a continuous, non-shielded exposure 
via immersion in a semi-infinite cloud of radioactive material. The 
values are based upon International Commission on Radiological 
Protection Publication 68, Dose Coefficients for Intakes of 
Radionuclides by Workers, published July, 1994 (ISBN 0 08 042651 4). 
This document is available from Elsevier Science Inc., Tarrytown, NY.
    Derived air concentration-hour (DAC-hour) means the product of the 
concentration of radioactive material in air (expressed as a fraction 
or multiple of the DAC for each radionuclide) and the time of exposure 
to that radionuclide, in hours.
    DOE activity means an activity taken for or by DOE in a DOE 
operation or facility that has the potential to result in the 
occupational exposure of an individual to radiation or radioactive 
material. The activity may be, but is not limited to, design, 
construction, operation, or decommissioning. To the extent appropriate, 
the activity may involve a single DOE facility or operation or a 
combination of facilities and operations, possibly including an entire 
site or multiple DOE sites.
    Entrance or access point means any location through which an 
individual could gain access to areas controlled for the purpose of 
radiation protection. This includes entry or exit portals of sufficient 
size to permit human entry, irrespective of their intended use.
    General employee means an individual who is either a DOE or DOE 
contractor employee; an employee of a subcontractor to a DOE 
contractor; or an individual who performs work for or in conjunction 
with DOE or utilizes DOE facilities.
    High contamination area means any area, accessible to individuals, 
where removable surface contamination levels exceed or are likely to 
exceed 100 times the removable surface contamination values specified 
in appendix D of this part.
    High radiation area means any area, accessible to individuals, in 
which radiation levels could result in an individual receiving a deep 
equivalent dose in excess of 0.1 rem (0.001 sievert) in 1 hour at 30 
centimeters from the radiation source or from any surface that the 
radiation penetrates.
    Individual means any human being.
    Member of the public means an individual who is not a general 
employee. An individual is not a ``member of the public'' during any 
period in which the individual receives an occupational dose.
    Minor means an individual less than 18 years of age.
    Monitoring means the measurement of radiation levels, airborne 
radioactivity concentrations, radioactive contamination levels, 
quantities of radioactive material, or individual doses and the use of 
the results of these measurements to evaluate radiological hazards or 
potential and actual doses resulting from exposures to ionizing 
radiation.
    Nonstochastic effects means effects due to radiation exposure for 
which the severity varies with the dose and for which a threshold 
normally exists (e.g., radiation-induced opacities within the lens of 
the eye).
    Occupational dose means an individual's ionizing radiation dose 
(external and internal) as a result of that individual's work 
assignment. Occupational dose does not include doses received as a 
medical patient or doses resulting from background radiation or 
participation as a subject in medical research programs.
    Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, firm, 
association, trust, estate, public or private institution, group, 
Government agency, any State or political subdivision of, or any 
political entity within a State, any foreign government or nation or 
other entity, and any legal successor, representative, agent or agency 
of the foregoing; provided that person does not include the Department 
or the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
    Radiation means ionizing radiation: alpha particles, beta 
particles, gamma rays, X-rays, neutrons, high-speed electrons, high-
speed protons, and other particles capable of producing ions. 
Radiation, as used in this part, does not include non-ionizing 
radiation, such as radio- or micro-waves, or visible, infrared, or 
ultraviolet light.
    Radiation area means any area, accessible to individuals, in which 
radiation levels could result in an individual receiving a deep 
equivalent dose in excess of 0.005 rem (0.05 millisievert) in 1 hour at 
30 centimeters from the source or from any surface that the radiation 
penetrates.
    Radioactive material area means any area within a controlled area, 
accessible to individuals, in which items or containers of radioactive 
material exist and the total activity of radioactive material exceeds 
the applicable values provided in appendix E of this part.
    Radioactive material transportation means the movement of 
radioactive material by aircraft, rail, vessel, or highway vehicle. 
Radioactive material transportation does not include preparation of 
material or packagings for transportation, storage of material awaiting 
transportation, or application of markings and labels required for 
transportation.
    Radiological area means any area within a controlled area defined 
in this section as a ``radiation area,'' ``high radiation area,'' 
``very high radiation area,'' ``contamination area,'' ``high 
contamination area,'' or ``airborne radioactivity area.''
    Radiological worker means a general employee whose job assignment 
involves operation of radiation producing devices or working with 
radioactive materials, or who is likely to be routinely occupationally 
exposed above 0.1 rem (0.001 sievert) per year total effective dose.
    Real property means land and anything permanently affixed to the 
land such as buildings, fences and those things attached to the 
buildings, such as light fixtures, plumbing and heating fixtures, or 
other such items that would be personal property if not attached.
    Real-time air monitoring means measurement of the concentrations or 
quantities of airborne radioactive materials on a continuous basis.
    Respiratory protective device means an apparatus, such as a 
respirator, worn by an individual for the purpose of reducing the 
individual's intake of airborne radioactive materials.
    Sealed radioactive source means a radioactive source manufactured, 
obtained, or retained for the purpose of utilizing the emitted 
radiation. The sealed radioactive source consists of a known or 
estimated quantity of radioactive material contained within a sealed 
capsule, sealed between layer(s) of non-radioactive material, or firmly 
fixed to a non-radioactive surface by electroplating or other means 
intended to prevent leakage or escape of the radioactive material. 
Sealed radioactive sources do not include reactor fuel elements, 
nuclear explosive devices, and radioisotope thermoelectric generators.

[[Page 46008]]

    Source leak test means a test to determine if a sealed radioactive 
source is leaking radioactive material.
    Stochastic effects means malignant and hereditary diseases for 
which the probability of an effect occurring, rather than its severity, 
is regarded as a function of dose without a threshold, for radiation 
protection purposes.
    Very high radiation area means any area, accessible to individuals, 
in which radiation levels could result in an individual receiving an 
absorbed dose in excess of 500 rads (5 grays) in one hour at 1 meter 
from a radiation source or from any surface that the radiation 
penetrates.
    Week means a period of seven consecutive days.
    Year means the period of time beginning on or near January 1 and 
ending on or near December 31 of that same year used to determine 
compliance with the provisions of this part. The starting and ending 
date of the year used to determine compliance may be changed provided 
that the change is made at the beginning of the year and that no day is 
omitted or duplicated in consecutive years.
    (b) As used in this part to describe various aspects of radiation 
dose:
    Absorbed dose (D) means the average energy absorbed by matter from 
ionizing radiation per unit mass of irradiated material. The absorbed 
dose is expressed in units of rad (or gray) (1 rad = 0.01 gray).
    Committed effective dose (E50) means the sum of the 
committed equivalent doses to various tissues or organs in the body 
(HT,50), each multiplied by the appropriate weighting factor 
(wT)--that is, [sigma]50 = 
[Sigma]wTHT,50. Committed effective 
dose is expressed in units of rem (or sievert).
    Committed equivalent dose (HT,50) means the 
equivalent dose calculated to be received by a tissue or organ over a 
50-year period after the intake of a radionuclide into the body. It 
does not include contributions from radiation sources external to the 
body. Committed equivalent dose is expressed in units of rem (or 
sievert) (1 rem = 0.01 sievert).
    Cumulative total effective dose means the sum of all total 
effective dose values recorded for an individual plus, for occupational 
exposures received before the implementation date of this amendment, 
the sum of all total effective dose equivalent (as defined in the 
November 4, 1998 amendment to this rule) values recorded for an 
individual, where available, for each year occupational dose was 
received, beginning January 1, 1989.
    Deep equivalent dose means the equivalent dose derived from 
external radiation at a depth of 1 cm in tissue.
    Dose is a general term for absorbed dose, equivalent dose, 
effective dose, committed equivalent dose, committed effective dose, or 
total effective dose as defined in this part.
    Effective dose (E) means the summation of the products of the 
equivalent dose received by specified tissues or organs of the body 
(HT) and the appropriate tissue weighting factor 
(wT)--that is, E = [Sigma]wTHT. It 
includes the dose from radiation sources internal and/or external to 
the body. For purposes of compliance with this part, deep equivalent 
dose to the whole body may be used as effective dose for external 
exposures. The effective dose is expressed in units of rem (or 
sievert).
    Equivalent dose (HT) means the product of average 
absorbed dose (DT,R) in rad (or gray) in a tissue 
or organ and a radiation weighting factor (wR). Equivalent 
dose is expressed in units of rem (or sievert) (1 rem = 0.01 sievert).
    External dose or exposure means that portion of the equivalent dose 
received from radiation sources outside the body (i.e., ``external 
sources'').
    Extremity means hands and arms below the elbow or feet and legs 
below the knee.
    Internal dose or exposure means that portion of the equivalent dose 
received from radioactive material taken into the body (i.e., 
``internal sources'').
    Lens of the eye equivalent dose means the external exposure of the 
lens of the eye and is taken as the equivalent dose at a tissue depth 
of 0.3 cm.
    Radiation weighting factor (wR) means the modifying 
factor used to calculate the equivalent dose from the average tissue or 
organ absorbed dose; the absorbed dose (expressed in rad or gray) is 
multiplied by the appropriate radiation weighting factor. The radiation 
weighting factors to be used for determining equivalent dose in rem are 
as follows:

                   Radiation Weighting Factors \1\, wR
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Radiation
                    Type and energy range                      weighting
                                                                factor
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Photons, electrons and muons, all energies \2\..............           1
Neutrons, energy < 10 keV \3\...............................           5
Neutrons, energy 10 keV to 100 keV \3\......................          10
Neutrons, energy > 100 keV to 2 MeV \3\.....................          20
Neutrons, energy > 2 MeV to 20 MeV \3\......................          10
Neutrons, energy > 20 MeV \3\...............................           5
Protons, other than recoil protons, energy > 2 MeV..........           5
Alpha particles, fission fragments, heavy nuclei............         20
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ All values relate to the radiation incident on the body or, for
  internal sources, emitted from the source.
\2\ Excluding Auger electrons emitted from nuclei bound to DNA.
\3\ When spectral data are insufficient to identify the energy of the
  neutrons, a radiation weighting factor of 20 shall be used.

    Shallow equivalent dose means the equivalent dose deriving from 
external radiation at a depth of 0.007 cm in tissue.
    Tissue weighting factor (wT) means the fraction of the 
overall health risk, resulting from uniform, whole body irradiation, 
attributable to specific tissue (T). The equivalent dose to tissue, 
(HT), is multiplied by the appropriate tissue weighting factor to 
obtain the effective dose (E) contribution from that tissue. The tissue 
weighting factors are as follows:

         Tissue Weighting Factors for Various Organs and Tissues
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                Tissue
                    Organs or tissues, T                       weighting
                                                              factor, wT
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gonads......................................................        0.20
Red bone marrow.............................................        0.12
Colon.......................................................        0.12
Lungs.......................................................        0.12
Stomach.....................................................        0.12
Bladder.....................................................        0.05
Breast......................................................        0.05
Liver.......................................................        0.05
Esophagus...................................................        0.05
Thyroid.....................................................        0.05
Skin........................................................        0.01
Bone surfaces...............................................        0.01
Remainder \1\...............................................        0.05
Whole body \2\..............................................       1.00
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ ``Remainder'' means the following additional tissues and organs:
  adrenal glands, brain, extrathoracic airways, upper large intestine,
  small intestine, kidney, muscle, pancreas, spleen, thymus, and uterus.
  In those cases in which a single one of the remainder tissues or
  organs receives an equivalent dose in excess of the highest dose in
  any of the twelve organs or tissues for which a tissue weighting
  factor is specified, a tissue weighting factor of 0.025 shall be
  applied to that tissue or organ and a tissue weighting factor of 0.025
  to the average dose in the rest of the remainder.
\2\ For the case of uniform external irradiation of the whole body, a
  tissue weighting factor (wT) equal to 1 may be used in determination
  of the effective dose.

    Total effective dose (TED) means the sum of the effective dose (for 
external exposures) and the committed effective dose (for internal 
exposures).

[[Page 46009]]

    Whole body means, for the purposes of external exposure, head, 
trunk (including male gonads), arms above and including the elbow, or 
legs above and including the knee.
    (c) Terms defined in the Atomic Energy Act or in 10 CFR part 820 
and not defined in this part are used consistent with the meanings 
given in the Act or in 10 CFR part 820.
    10. Section 835.4 is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  835.4  Radiological units.

    Unless otherwise specified, the quantities used in the records 
required by this part shall be clearly indicated in special units of 
curie, rad, roentgen, or rem, including multiples and subdivisions of 
these units, or other conventional units, such as, dpm, dpm/100 
cm2 or mass units. The SI units, becquerel (Bq), gray (Gy), 
and sievert (Sv), may be provided parenthetically in this part for 
reference with scientific standards.
    11. Section 835.101 is amended by revising paragraph (f) to read as 
follows:


Sec.  835.101  Radiation protection programs.

* * * * *
    (f) The RPP shall include plans, schedules, and other measures for 
achieving compliance with regulations of this part. Unless otherwise 
specified in this part, compliance with the amendments to this part 
published on [DATE OF PUBLICATION IN THE FR] shall be achieved no later 
than [DATE 3 YEARS FOLLOWING THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE FINAL RULE].
* * * * *
    12. Section 835.202 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(1) 
through (a)(4) to read as follows:


Sec.  835.202  Occupational dose limits for general employees.

    (a) * * *
    (1) A total effective dose of 5 rems (0.05 sievert);
    (2) The sum of the deep equivalent dose for external exposures and 
the committed equivalent dose to any organ or tissue other than the 
skin or the lens of the eye of 50 rems (0.5 sievert);
    (3) A lens of the eye equivalent dose of 15 rems (0.15 sievert); 
and
    (4) The sum of the shallow equivalent dose for external exposures 
and the committed equivalent dose to the skin or to any extremity of 50 
rems (0.5 sievert).
* * * * *
    13. Section 835.203 is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  835.203  Combining internal and external equivalent doses.

    (a) The total effective dose during a year shall be determined by 
summing the effective dose from external exposures and the committed 
effective dose from intakes during the year.
    (b) Determinations of the effective dose shall be made using the 
tissue weighting factor values provided in Sec.  835.2.
    14. In Sec.  835.205 paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2), (b)(3) introductory 
text, and (b)(3)(ii) are revised to read as follows:


Sec.  835.205  Determination of compliance for non-uniform exposure of 
the skin.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) Area of skin irradiated is 100 cm \2\ or more. The non-uniform 
equivalent dose received during the year shall be averaged over the 100 
cm \2\ of the skin receiving the maximum dose, added to any uniform 
equivalent dose also received by the skin, and recorded as the shallow 
equivalent dose to any extremity or skin for the year.
    (2) Area of skin irradiated is 10 cm \2\ or more, but is less than 
100 cm \2\. The non-uniform equivalent dose (H) to the irradiated area 
received during the year shall be added to any uniform equivalent dose 
also received by the skin and recorded as the shallow equivalent dose 
to any extremity or skin for the year. H is the equivalent dose 
averaged over the 1 cm \2\ of skin receiving the maximum absorbed dose, 
D, reduced by the fraction f, which is the irradiated area in cm \2\ 
divided by 100 cm \2\ (i.e., H = fD). In no case shall a value of f 
less than 0.1 be used.
    (3) Area of skin irradiated is less than 10 cm \2\. The non-uniform 
equivalent dose shall be averaged over the 1 cm \2\ of skin receiving 
the maximum dose. This equivalent dose shall:
* * * * *
    (ii) Not be added to any other shallow equivalent dose to any 
extremity or skin recorded as the equivalent dose for the year.
    15. In Sec.  835.206, paragraphs (a) and (c) are revised to read as 
follows:


Sec.  835.206  Limits for the embryo/fetus.

    (a) The equivalent dose limit for the embryo/fetus from the period 
of conception to birth, as a result of occupational exposure of a 
declared pregnant worker, is 0.5 rem (0.005 sievert).
* * * * *
    (c) If the equivalent dose to the embryo/fetus is determined to 
have already exceeded 0.5 rem (0.005 sievert) by the time a worker 
declares her pregnancy, the declared pregnant worker shall not be 
assigned to tasks where additional occupational exposure is likely 
during the remaining gestation period.
    16. Section 835.207 is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  835.207  Occupational dose limits for minors.

    The equivalent dose limits for minors occupationally exposed to 
radiation and/or radioactive materials at a DOE activity are 0.1 rem 
(0.001 sievert) total effective dose in a year and 10% of the 
occupational dose limits specified at Sec.  835.202(a)(3) and (a)(4).
    17. Section 835.208 is revised to read as follows:


Sec.  835.208  Limits for members of the public entering a controlled 
area.

    The total effective dose limit for members of the public exposed to 
radiation and/or radioactive material during access to a controlled 
area is 0.1 rem (0.001 sievert) in a year.
    18. In Sec.  835.401, paragraph (a)(5) is revised to read as 
follows:


Sec.  835.401  General requirements.

    (a) * * *
    (5) Verify the effectiveness of engineering and administrative 
controls in containing radioactive material and reducing radiation 
exposure; and
* * * * *
    19. Section 835.402 is amended:
    a. Paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (ii), and (iii) are revised.
    b. Paragraph (a)(2) is revised.
    c. Paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) are revised.
    The revisions read as follows:


Sec.  835.402  Individual monitoring.

    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (i) An effective dose of 0.1 rem (0.001 sievert) or more in a year;
    (ii) A shallow equivalent dose to the skin or to any extremity of 5 
rems (0.05 sievert) or more in a year;
    (iii) A lens of the eye equivalent dose of 1.5 rems (0.015 sievert) 
or more in a year;
    (2) Declared pregnant workers who are likely to receive from 
external sources an equivalent dose to the embryo/fetus in excess of 10 
percent of the applicable limit at Sec.  835.206(a);
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) Radiological workers who, under typical conditions, are likely 
to receive a committed effective dose of 0.1 rem (0.001 sievert) or 
more from all occupational radionuclide intakes in a year;
    (2) Declared pregnant workers likely to receive an intake or 
intakes resulting

[[Page 46010]]

in a equivalent dose to the embryo/fetus in excess of 10 percent of the 
limit stated at Sec.  835.206(a);
* * * * *


Sec.  835.405  [Amended]

    20. Section 835.405 is amended in paragraph (c)(2) by removing 
``unless the package contains less than a Type A'' and adding in its 
place ``if the package contains a Type B''.


Sec.  835.502  [Amended]

    21. Section 835.502 is amended in paragraph (a)(2) and paragraph 
(b) introductory text by removing the word ``dose'' before 
``equivalent'' and adding it after ``equivalent''.


Sec.  835.602  [Amended]

    22. Section 835.602 is amended in paragraph (a) by removing the 
word ``equivalent''.


Sec.  835.606  [Amended]

    23. Section 835.606 is amended in paragraph (a)(2) by adding ``and 
less than 0.1 Ci'' after the word ``part'' and before the punctuation.
    24. Section 835.702 is amended:
    a. Paragraph (a) is revised.
    b. Paragraph (b) is revised.
    c. Paragraphs (c)(3)(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) are revised.
    d. Paragraphs (c)(4)(i) and (ii) are revised.
    e. Paragraph (c)(5)(i), (ii) and (iii) are revised.
    f. Paragraph (c)(6) is revised.
    The revisions read as follows:


Sec.  835.702  Individual monitoring records.

    (a) Except as authorized by Sec.  835.702(b), records shall be 
maintained to document doses received by all individuals for whom 
monitoring was conducted and to document doses received during planned 
special exposures, unplanned doses exceeding the monitoring thresholds 
of Sec.  835.402, and authorized emergency exposures.
    (b) Recording of the non-uniform shallow equivalent dose to the 
skin is not required if the dose is less than 2 percent of the limit 
specified for the skin at Sec.  835.202(a)(4). Any internal dose 
estimated to be less than 10 millirem committed equivalent dose need 
not be recorded, if the bioassay and/or air monitoring results used to 
make the estimate are maintained in accordance with Sec.  835.703(b) 
and the unrecorded internal dose estimated for any individual in a year 
does not exceed 50 percent of the applicable monitoring threshold at 
Sec.  835.402(c).
    (c) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (i) The effective dose from external sources of radiation (deep 
equivalent dose may be used as effective dose for external exposure);
    (ii) The lens of the eye equivalent dose;
    (iii) The shallow equivalent dose to the skin; and
    (iv) The shallow equivalent dose to the extremities.
    (4) * * *
    (i) Committed effective dose;
    (ii) Committed equivalent dose to any organ or tissue of concern; 
and
    (iii) * * *
    (5) * * *
    (i) Total effective dose in a year;
    (ii) For any organ or tissue assigned an internal dose during the 
year, the sum of the deep equivalent dose from external exposures and 
the committed equivalent dose to that organ or tissue; and
    (iii) Cumulative total effective dose.
    (6) Include the equivalent dose to the embryo/fetus of a declared 
pregnant worker.
* * * * *
    25. Section 835.901 is amended by revising paragraph (b) 
introductory text:


Sec.  835.901  Radiation safety training.

* * * * *
    (b) Each individual shall demonstrate knowledge of the radiation 
safety training topics established in Sec.  835.901(c), commensurate 
with the hazards in the area and required controls, by successful 
completion of applied training, an examination and performance 
demonstrations:
* * * * *


Sec.  835.1001  [Amended]

    26. Section 835.1001 is amended:
    a. In paragraph (a), first sentence, remove ``physical design 
features and administrative control'' and add in its place 
``engineering and administrative controls.''
    b. In paragraph (b), remove ``physical design features is'' and add 
in its place ``engineering controls are''.


Sec.  835.1003  [Amended]

    27. Section 835.1003 is amended in the introductory text by 
removing ``physical design features and administrative controls'' and 
add in its place ``engineering and administrative controls''.


Sec.  835.1301  [Amended]

    28. In Sec.  835.1301, paragraph (d) is amended by removing ``after 
a dose was received'' and adding in its place ``which have been 
suspended as a result of a dose''.
    29. Appendix A to part 835 is revised to read as follows:

Appendix A to Part 835--Derived Air Concentrations (DAC) for 
Controlling Radiation Exposure to Workers at DOE Facilities

    The data presented in this appendix A are to be used for 
controlling individual internal doses in accordance with Sec.  
835.209, identifying the need for air monitoring in accordance with 
Sec.  835.403, and identifying and posting airborne radioactivity 
areas in accordance with Sec.  835.603(d).
    The DAC values are given for individual radionuclides. For known 
mixtures of radionuclides, determine the sum of the ratio of the 
observed concentration of a particular radionuclide and its 
corresponding DAC for all radionuclides in the mixture. If this sum 
exceeds unity (1), then the DAC has been exceeded. For unknown 
radionuclides, the most restrictive DAC (lowest value) for those 
isotopes not known to be absent shall be used.
    The derived air concentrations (DAC) for limiting radiation 
exposures through inhalation of radionuclides by workers are listed 
in this appendix. The values are based on either a stochastic 
(committed effective dose) dose limit of 5 rems (0.05 Sv) or a 
nonstochastic (organ) dose limit of 50 rems (0.5 Sv) per year, 
whichever is more limiting.


    Note: the 15 rems (0.15 Sv) dose limit for the lens of the eye 
does not appear as a critical organ dose limit.


    The columns in this appendix contain the following information: 
(1) Radionuclide; (2) inhaled air DAC for type F (fast), type M 
(moderate), and type S (slow) materials in units of [mu]Ci/ml; (3) 
inhaled air DAC for type F (fast), type M (moderate), and type S 
(slow) materials in units of Bq/m\3\; (4) an indication of whether 
or not the DAC for each class is controlled by the stochastic 
(effective dose) or nonstochastic (tissue) dose. The material types 
(F, M, and S) have been established to describe the absorption rate 
of the materials from the respiratory tract into the blood. The 
range of half-times for the absorption rates correspond to: Type F, 
100% at 10 minute; Type M, 10% at 10 minute and 90% at 140 day; and 
Type S 0.1% at 10 minute and 99.9% at 7000 day. The DACs are listed 
by radionuclide, in order of increasing atomic mass, and are based 
on the assumption that the particle size distribution of 5 [mu]m is 
used. For situations where the particle size distribution is known 
to differ significantly from 5 [mu]m, appropriate corrections may be 
made to both the estimated dose to workers and the DACs.

[[Page 46011]]



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                  Material type 3                                    Material type 3                     Stochastic or
                                ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------      organ 1
          Radionuclide                               [mu]Ci/ml                                            Bq/m 3                      ------------------
                                ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        F                M                S                F                M                S              (F/M/S)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
H-3 (Water) \2\................  2.E-05           2.E-05           2.E-05           7.E+05           7.E+05           7.E+05           St/St/St
H-3 (Elemental) \2\............  2.E-01           2.E-01           2.E-01           9.E+09           9.E+09           9.E+09           St/St/St
Tritiated Particulate Aerosol    1.E-05           6.E-06           2.E-06           3.E+05           2.E+05           8.E+04           St/St/St
 and Organically Bound H-3
 (Insoluble) \4\.
Organically Bound H-3 (Soluble)  1.E-05           1.E-05           1.E-05           5.E+05           5.E+05           5.E+05           St/St/St
Be-7...........................   -               1.E-05           1.E-05            -               4.E+05           4.E+05            /St/St
Be-10..........................   -               8.E-08           2.E-08            -               3.E+03           1.E+03            /St/St
C-11 (Vapor) \2\...............   -               1.E-04            -                -               6.E+06            -                /St/
C-11 (CO) \2\..................  4.E-04           4.E-04           4.E-04           1.E+07           1.E+07           1.E+07           St/St/St
C-11 (CO2) \2\.................  2.E-04           2.E-04           2.E-04           9.E+06           9.E+06           9.E+06           St/St/St
C-14 (Vapor) \2\...............   -               9.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                /St/
C-14 (CO) \2\..................  7.E-04           7.E-04           7.E-04           2.E+07           2.E+07           2.E+07           St/St/St
C-14 (CO2) \2\.................  8.E-05           8.E-05           8.E-05           3.E+06           3.E+06           3.E+06           St/St/St
F-18...........................  4.E-06           3.E-06           3.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Na-22..........................  2.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               E/ /
Na-24..........................  4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Mg-28..........................  3.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -               ET/St/
Al-26..........................  4.E-08           4.E-08            -               1.E+03           1.E+03            -               St/St/
Si-31..........................  9.E-06           5.E-06           5.E-06           3.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/St/St
Si-32..........................  1.E-07           5.E-08           1.E-08           5.E+03           2.E+03           3.E+02           St/St/St
P-32...........................  5.E-07           1.E-07            -               1.E+04           7.E+03            -               St/St/
P-33...........................  4.E-06           4.E-07            -               1.E+05           1.E+04            -               St/St/
S-35 (Vapor)...................   -               4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /St/
S-35...........................  7.E-06           5.E-07            -               2.E+05           1.E+04            -               St/St/
Cl-36..........................  1.E-06           1.E-07            -               4.E+04           4.E+03            -               St/St/
Cl-38..........................  7.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Cl-39..........................  2.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
K-40...........................  1.E-07            -                -               6.E+03            -                -               St/ /
K-42...........................  2.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               E/ /
K-43...........................  9.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
K-44...........................  8.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
K-45...........................  9.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Ca-41..........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               8.E+04            -                /BS/
Ca-45..........................   -               2.E-07            -                -               9.E+03            -                /St/
Ca-47..........................   -               2.E-07            -                -               9.E+03            -                /St/
Sc-43..........................   -                -               2.E-06            -                -               7.E+04            / /ET
Sc-44m.........................   -                -               2.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            / /St
Sc-44..........................   -                -               1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            / /ET
Sc-46..........................   -                -               1.E-07            -                -               4.E+03            / /St
Sc-47..........................   -                -               7.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            / /St
Sc-48..........................   -                -               2.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            / /ET
Sc-49..........................   -                -               8.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            / /ET
Ti-44..........................  7.E-09           2.E-08           9.E-09           2.E+02           7.E+02           3.E+02           St/St/St
Ti-45..........................  3.E-06           2.E-06           2.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
V-47...........................  8.E-06           6.E-06            -               3.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
V-48...........................  2.E-07           2.E-07            -               9.E+03           7.E+03            -               ET/St/
V-49...........................  1.E-05           2.E-05            -               7.E+05           9.E+05            -               BS/St/
Cr-48..........................  2.E-06           2.E-06           2.E-06           8.E+04           8.E+04           8.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Cr-49..........................  7.E-06           5.E-06           5.E-06           2.E+05           2.E+05           2.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Cr-51..........................  1.E-05           1.E-05           1.E-05           6.E+05           6.E+05           5.E+05           St/St/St
Mn-51..........................  7.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Mn-52m.........................  7.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Mn-52..........................  2.E-07           2.E-07            -               8.E+03           8.E+03            -               ET/ET/
Mn-53..........................  5.E-06           1.E-05            -               2.E+05           5.E+05            -               BS/St/
Mn-54..........................  5.E-07           4.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -               St/St/
Mn-56..........................  2.E-06           2.E-06            -               9.E+04           8.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Fe-52..........................  6.E-07           5.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            -               ET/E/
Fe-55..........................  6.E-07           1.E-06            -               2.E+04           6.E+04            -               St/St/
Fe-59..........................  1.E-07           1.E-07            -               6.E+03           6.E+03            -               St/St/
Fe-60..........................  1.E-09           4.E-09            -               6.E+01           1.E+02            -               St/St/
Co-55..........................   -               5.E-07           5.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            /ET/ET
Co-56..........................   -               1.E-07           1.E-07            -               5.E+03           4.E+03            /St/St
Co-57..........................   -               1.E-06           9.E-07            -               5.E+04           3.E+04            /St/St
Co-58m.........................   -               3.E-05           3.E-05            -               1.E+06           1.E+06            /St/St
Co-58..........................   -               4.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /St/St
Co-60m.........................   -               4.E-04           4.E-04            -               1.E+07           1.E+07            /St/St
Co-60..........................   -               7.E-08           3.E-08            -               2.E+03           1.E+03            /St/St
Co-61..........................   -               6.E-06           6.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            /ET/ET
Co-62m.........................   -               7.E-06           6.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            /ET/ET
Ni-56 (Inorg)..................  4.E-07           4.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -               ET/ET/

[[Page 46012]]

 
Ni-56 (Carbonyl)...............   -               4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
Ni-57 (Inorg)..................  5.E-07           5.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            -                ET/ET/
Ni-57 (Carbonyl)...............   -               7.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /ET/
Ni-59 (Inorg)..................  2.E-06           5.E-06            -               9.E+04           2.E+05            -               St/St/
Ni-59 (Carbonyl)...............   -               6.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /St/
Ni-63 (Inorg)..................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               4.E+04           6.E+04            -               St/St/
Ni-63 (Carbonyl)...............   -               2.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
Ni-65 (Inorg)..................  5.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Ni-65 (Carbonyl)...............   -               8.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                /ET/
Ni-66 (Inorg)..................  7.E-07           2.E-07            -               2.E+04           1.E+04            -               St/St/
Ni-66 (Carbonyl)...............   -               2.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /ET/
Cu-60..........................  5.E-06           4.E-06           4.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Cu-61..........................  3.E-06           3.E-06           3.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Cu-64..........................  4.E-06           3.E-06           3.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/E/E
Cu-67..........................  2.E-06           1.E-06           9.E-07           8.E+04           3.E+04           3.E+04           ET/St/St
Zn-62..........................   -                -               8.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            / /St
Zn-63..........................   -                -               5.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            / /ET
Zn-65..........................   -                -               2.E-07            -                -               7.E+03            / /St
Zn-69m.........................   -                -               1.E-06            -                -               6.E+04            / /St
Zn-69..........................   -                -               7.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            / /ET
Zn-71m.........................   -                -               1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            / /ET
Zn-72..........................   -                -               3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            / /St
Ga-65..........................  1.E-05           9.E-06            -               4.E+05           3.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Ga-66..........................  8.E-07           7.E-07            -               3.E+04           2.E+04            -               ET/St/
Ga-67..........................  3.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           7.E+04            -               ET/St/
Ga-68..........................  6.E-06           4.E-06            -               2.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Ga-70..........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               6.E+05           4.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Ga-72..........................  5.E-07           5.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Ga-73..........................  4.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/St/
Ge-66..........................  2.E-06           2.E-06            -               9.E+04           9.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Ge-67..........................  1.E-05           7.E-06            -               3.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Ge-68..........................  6.E-07           7.E-08            -               2.E+04           2.E+03            -               ET/St/
Ge-69..........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Ge-71..........................  5.E-05           5.E-05            -               2.E+06           1.E+06            -               ET/E/
Ge-75..........................  1.E-05           7.E-06            -               4.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Ge-77..........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               4.E+04           4.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Ge-78..........................  3.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
As-69..........................   -               9.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            -                /ET/
As-70..........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               8.E+04            -                /ET/
As-71..........................   -               1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            -                /St/
As-72..........................   -               4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
As-73..........................   -               8.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                /St/
As-74..........................   -               3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
As-76..........................   -               6.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /St/
As-77..........................   -               1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            -                /St/
As-78..........................   -               3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /ET/
Se-70..........................  2.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           9.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Se-73m.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               5.E+05           4.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Se-73..........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               6.E+04           5.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Se-75..........................  4.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -               St/St/
Se-79..........................  3.E-07           1.E-07            -               1.E+04           6.E+03            -               K/St/
Se-81m.........................  1.E-05           6.E-06            -               3.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Se-81..........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               6.E+05           4.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Se-83..........................  6.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Br-74m.........................  3.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Br-74..........................  4.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Br-75..........................  4.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Br-76..........................  5.E-07           5.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Br-77..........................  2.E-06           2.E-06            -               7.E+04           7.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Br-80m.........................  6.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/St/
Br-80..........................  3.E-05           2.E-05            -               1.E+06           7.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Br-82..........................  3.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Br-83..........................  9.E-06           6.E-06            -               3.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Br-84..........................  7.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Rb-79..........................  8.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Rb-81m.........................  1.E-05            -                -               6.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Rb-81..........................  2.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Rb-82m.........................  8.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Rb-83..........................  5.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Rb-84..........................  3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               St/ /

[[Page 46013]]

 
Rb-86..........................  4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Rb-87..........................  7.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Rb-88..........................  1.E-05            -                -               5.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Rb-89..........................  1.E-05            -                -               3.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Sr-80..........................  3.E-06            -               2.E-06           1.E+05            -               9.E+04           ET/ /St
Sr-81..........................  7.E-06            -               5.E-06           2.E+05            -               2.E+05           ET/ /ET
Sr-82..........................  1.E-07            -               7.E-08           6.E+03            -               2.E+03           St/ /St
Sr-83..........................  1.E-06            -               9.E-07           3.E+04            -               3.E+04           ET/ /ET
Sr-85m.........................  4.E-05            -               3.E-05           1.E+06            -               1.E+06           ET/ /ET
Sr-85..........................  1.E-06            -               8.E-07           3.E+04            -               3.E+04           St/ /St
Sr-87m.........................  1.E-05            -               9.E-06           4.E+05            -               3.E+05           ET/ /ET
Sr-89..........................  4.E-07            -               1.E-07           1.E+04            -               3.E+03           St/ /St
Sr-90..........................  1.E-08            -               7.E-             4.E+02            -               2.E+02           BS/ /St
Sr-91..........................  1.E-06            -               9.E-07           5.E+04            -               3.E+04           ET/ /St
Sr-92..........................  2.E-06            -               1.E-06           8.E+04            -               6.E+04           ET/ /St
Y-86m..........................   -               7.E-06           6.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            /ET/ET
Y-86...........................   -               4.E-07           4.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /ET/ET
Y-87...........................   -               9.E-07           8.E-07            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            /ET/ET
Y-88...........................   -               1.E-07           1.E-07            -               6.E+03           6.E+03            /St/St
Y-90m..........................   -               4.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /St/St
Y-90...........................   -               3.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /St/St
Y-91m..........................   -               2.E-05           2.E-05            -               7.E+05           7.E+05            /ET/ET
Y-91...........................   -               1.E-07           9.E-08            -               4.E+03           3.E+03            /St/St
Y-92...........................   -               2.E-06           2.E-06            -               7.E+04           7.E+04            /St/St
Y-93...........................   -               9.E-07           9.E-07            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            /St/St
Y-94...........................   -               8.E-06           8.E-06            -               3.E+05           3.E+05            /ET/ET
Y-95...........................   -               1.E-05           1.E-05            -               4.E+05           4.E+05            /ET/ET
Zr-86..........................  5.E-07           5.E-07           5.E-07           2.E+04           2.E+04           2.E+04           T/ET/ET
Zr-88..........................  1.E-07           3.E-07           3.E-07           5.E+03           1.E+04           1.E+04           St/St/St
Zr-89..........................  6.E-07           6.E-07           6.E-07           2.E+04           2.E+04           2.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Zr-93..........................  3.E-09           1.E-08           1.E-07           1.E+02           6.E+02           5.E+03           BS/BS/BS
Zr-95..........................  9.E-08           1.E-07           1.E-07           3.E+03           5.E+03           4.E+03           BS/St/St
Zr-97..........................  7.E-07           4.E-07           4.E-07           2.E+04           1.E+04           1.E+04           ET/St/St
Nb-88..........................   -               5.E-06           5.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/ET
Nb-89 (66 min).................   -               3.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/ET
Nb-89 (122 min)................   -               2.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/ET min)
Nb-90..........................   -               3.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /ET/ET
Nb-93m.........................   -               1.E-06           6.E-07            -               7.E+04           2.E+04            /St/St
Nb-94..........................   -               7.E-08           2.E-08            -               2.E+03           8.E+02            /St/St
Nb-95m.........................   -               7.E-07           6.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            /St/St
Nb-95..........................   -               4.E-07           4.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /St/St
Nb-96..........................   -               4.E-07           4.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /ET/ET
Nb-97..........................   -               5.E-06           5.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/ET
Nb-98..........................   -               3.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           .E+05             /ET/ET
Mo-90..........................  8.E-07            -               7.E-07           3.E+04            -               2.E+04           ET/ /ET
Mo-93m.........................  1.E-06            -               1.E-06           3.E+04            -               3.E+04           ET/ /ET
Mo-93..........................  2.E-07            -               4.E-07           7.E+03            -               1.E+04           BS/ /St
Mo-99..........................  1.E-06            -               5.E-07           5.E+04            -               1.E+04           E/ /St
Mo-101.........................  8.E-06            -               6.E-06           3.E+05            -               2.E+05           ET/ /ET
Tc-93m.........................  8.E-06           7.E-06            -               3.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Tc-93..........................  3.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Tc-94m.........................  5.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Tc-94..........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               4.E+04           3.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Tc-95m.........................  8.E-07           6.E-07            -               3.E+04           2.E+04            -               ET/St/
Tc-95..........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               5.E+04           5.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Tc-96m.........................  2.E-05           2.E-05            -               1.E+06           1.E+06            -               ET/ET/
Tc-96..........................  3.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -               ET/ET/
 Tc-97m........................  1.E-06           2.E-07            -               5.E+04           7.E+03            -               St/St/
Tc-97..........................  4.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/St/
Tc-98..........................  3.E-07           9.E-08            -               1.E+04           3.E+03            -               St/St/
Tc-99m.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               5.E+05           4.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Tc-99..........................  1.E-06           1.E-07            -               5.E+04           6.E+03            -               St/St/
Tc-101.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               6.E+05           4.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Tc-104.........................  9.E-06           7.E-06            -               3.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Ru-94..........................  5.E-06           5.E-06           5.E-06           2.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Ru-97..........................  2.E-06           2.E-06           2.E-06           8.E+04           8.E+04           8.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Ru-103.........................  8.E-07           2.E-07           2.E-07           3.E+04           1.E+04           9.E+03           St/St/St
Ru-105.........................  2.E-06           2.E-06           2.E-06           9.E+04           8.E+04           8.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Ru-106.........................  5.E-08           3.E-08           1.E-08           2.E+03           1.E+03           5.E+02           St/St/St

[[Page 46014]]

 
Rh-99m.........................  3.E-06           3.E-06           3.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Rh-99..........................  8.E-07           6.E-07           6.E-07           3.E+04           2.E+04           2.E+04           ET/St/St
Rh-100.........................  5.E-07           5.E-07           5.E-07           1.E+04           1.E+04           1.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Rh-101m........................  1.E-06           1.E-06           1.E-06           6.E+04           6.E+04           6.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Rh-101.........................  3.E-07           3.E-07           1.E-07           1.E+04           1.E+04           6.E+03           St/St/St
Rh-102m........................  2.E-07           2.E-07           1.E-07           1.E+04           7.E+03           4.E+03           St/St/St
Rh-102.........................  6.E-08           1.E-07           6.E-08           2.E+03           4.E+03           2.E+03           St/St/St
Rh-103m........................  4.E-04           2.E-04           2.E-04           1.E+07           8.E+06           8.E+06           St/St/St
Rh-105.........................  3.E-06           1.E-06           1.E-06           1.E+05           5.E+04           4.E+04           ET/St/St
Rh-106m........................  1.E-06           1.E-06           1.E-06           6.E+04           5.E+04           5.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Rh-107.........................  1.E-05           9.E-06           9.E-06           5.E+05           3.E+05           3.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Pd-100.........................  5.E-07           5.E-07           5.E-07           2.E+04           2.E+04           2.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Pd-101.........................  3.E-06           3.E-06           3.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Pd-103.........................  4.E-06           1.E-06           1.E-06           1.E+05           6.E+04           7.E+04           E/St/St
Pd-107.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05           1.E-06           5.E+05           4.E+05           7.E+04           K/St/St
Pd-109.........................  2.E-06           1.E-06           1.E-06           9.E+04           4.E+04           4.E+04           St/St/St
Ag-102.........................  9.E-06           7.E-06           7.E-06           3.E+05           2.E+05           2.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Ag-103.........................  8.E-06           7.E-06           7.E-06           3.E+05           2.E+05           2.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Ag-104m........................  8.E-06           6.E-06           6.E-06           2.E+05           2.E+05           2.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Ag-104.........................  3.E-06           3.E-06           3.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Ag-105.........................  7.E-07           8.E-07           7.E-07           2.E+04           2.E+04           2.E+04           St/St/St
Ag-106m........................  2.E-07           2.E-07           2.E-07           9.E+03           9.E+03           9.E+03           ET/ET/ET
Ag-106.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05           1.E-05           5.E+05           4.E+05           4.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Ag-108m........................  7.E-08           1.E-07           2.E-08           2.E+03           4.E+03           1.E+03           St/St/St
Ag-110m........................  8.E-08           9.E-08           7.E-08           3.E+03           3.E+03           2.E+03           St/St/St
Ag-111.........................  9.E-07           3.E-07           3.E-07           3.E+04           1.E+04           1.E+04           St/St/St
Ag-112.........................  4.E-06           2.E-06           2.E-06           1.E+05           8.E+04           8.E+04           E/St/St
Ag-115.........................  1.E-05           8.E-06           8.E-06           4.E+05           3.E+05           3.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Cd-104.........................  4.E-06           4.E-06           4.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Cd-107.........................  5.E-06           5.E-06           4.E-06           2.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Cd-109.........................  2.E-08           9.E-08           1.E-07           9.E+02           3.E+03           4.E+03           K/K/St
Cd-113m........................  1.E-09           6.E-09           1.E-08           6.E+01           2.E+02           6.E+02           K/K/K
Cd-113.........................  1.E-09           5.E-09           1.E-08           5.E+01           2.E+02           5.E+02           K/K/K
Cd-115m........................  3.E-08           1.E-07           1.E-07           1.E+03           3.E+03           3.E+03           K/St/St
Cd-115.........................  9.E-07           4.E-07           4.E-07           3.E+04           1.E+04           1.E+04           K/St/St
Cd-117m........................  1.E-06           1.E-06           1.E-06           4.E+04           4.E+04           4.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Cd-117.........................  2.E-06           2.E-06           2.E-06           8.E+04           7.E+04           7.E+04           ET/ET/ET
In-109.........................  4.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
In-110 (69 min)................  5.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
In-110 (5 h)...................  9.E-07           9.E-07            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            -               ET/ET/
In-111.........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               5.E+04           5.E+04            -               ET/ET/
In-112.........................  2.E-05           1.E-05            -               9.E+05           6.E+05            -               ET/ET/
In-113m........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               4.E+05           3.E+05            -               ET/ET/
In-114m........................  5.E-08           9.E-08            -               1.E+03           3.E+03            -               St/St/
In-115m........................  6.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
In-115.........................  1.E-09           5.E-09            -               4.E+01           1.E+02            -               St/St/
In-116m........................  4.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
In-117m........................  5.E-06           4.E-06            -               2.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
In-117.........................  7.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
In-119m........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               6.E+05           4.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sn-110.........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               6.E+04           6.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Sn-111.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               6.E+05           5.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sn-113.........................  7.E-07           2.E-07            -               2.E+04           1.E+04            -               St/St/
Sn-117m........................  8.E-07           2.E-07            -               3.E+04           9.E+03            -               BS/St/
Sn-119m........................  1.E-06           3.E-07            -               5.E+04           1.E+04            -               St/St/
Sn-121m........................  5.E-07           1.E-07            -               2.E+04           6.E+03            -               St/St/
Sn-121.........................  4.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           7.E+04            -               ET/St/
Sn-123m........................  1.E-05           7.E-06            -               4.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sn-123.........................  3.E-07           1.E-07            -               1.E+04           3.E+03            -               St/St/
Sn-125.........................  4.E-07           2.E-07            -               1.E+04           7.E+03            -               St/St/
Sn-126.........................  4.E-08           3.E-08            -               1.E+03           1.E+03            -               St/St/
Sn-127.........................  2.E-06           2.E-06            -               9.E+04           7.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Sn-128.........................  2.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           8.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Sb-115.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               5.E+05           4.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sb-116m........................  3.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sb-116.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               4.E+05           3.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sb-117.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               4.E+05           3.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sb-118m........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               4.E+04           4.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Sb-119.........................  6.E-06           6.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sb-120 (16 min)................  2.E-05           2.E-05            -               1.E+06           7.E+05            -               ET/ET/

[[Page 46015]]

 
Sb-120 (6 d)...................  3.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Sb-122.........................  8.E-07           4.E-07            -               3.E+04           1.E+04            -               St/St/
Sb-124m........................  4.E-05           3.E-05            -               1.E+06           1.E+06            -               ET/ET/
Sb-124.........................  2.E-07           1.E-07            -               1.E+04           4.E+03            -               St/St/
Sb-125.........................  2.E-07           1.E-07            -               7.E+03           6.E+03            -               BS/St/
Sb-126m........................  1.E-05           7.E-06            -               3.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sb-126.........................  2.E-07           1.E-07            -               9.E+03           6.E+03            -               ET/St/
Sb-127.........................  7.E-07           3.E-07            -               2.E+04           1.E+04            -               E/St/
Sb-128 (9 h)...................  5.E-07           5.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Sb-128 (10 min)................  1.E-05           9.E-06            -               4.E+05           3.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sb-129.........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               6.E+04           5.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Sb-130.........................  3.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Sb-131.........................  6.E-06           4.E-06            -               2.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Te-116 (Vapor).................   -               6.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                /St/
Te-116.........................  2.E-06           2.E-06            -               8.E+04           7.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Te-121m (Vapor)................   -               4.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                /BS/
Te-121m........................  1.E-07           1.E-07            -               4.E+03           5.E+03            -               BS/St/
Te-121 (Vapor).................   -               1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            -                /St/
Te-121.........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Te-123m (Vapor)................   -               5.E-08            -                -               2.E+03            -                /BS/
Te-123m........................  1.E-07           1.E-07            -               4.E+03           6.E+03            -               BS/St/
Te-123 (Vapor).................   -               1.E-08            -                -               4.E+02            -                /BS/
Te-123.........................  2.E-08           5.E-08            -               1.E+03           1.E+03            -               BS/BS/
Te-125m (Vapor)................   -               1.E-07            -                -               3.E+03            -                /BS/
Te-125m........................  2.E-07           1.E-07            -               9.E+03           7.E+03            -               BS/St/
Te-127m (Vapor)................   -               6.E-08            -                -               2.E+03            -                /BS/
Te-127m........................  1.E-07           9.E-08            -               5.E+03           3.E+03            -               BS/St/
Te-127 (Vapor).................   -               7.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                /St/
Te-127.........................  5.E-06           3.E-06            -               2.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/St/
Te-129m (Vapor)................   -               1.E-07            -                -               5.E+03            -                /St/
Te-129m........................  3.E-07           1.E-07            -               1.E+04           3.E+03            -               St/St/
Te-129 (Vapor).................   -               1.E-05            -                -               5.E+05            -                /St/
Te-129.........................  1.E-05           7.E-06            -               4.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Te-131m (Vapor)................   -               1.E-07            -                -               5.E+03            -                /T/
Te-131m........................  3.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -               T/St/
Te-131 (Vapor).................   -               6.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                /T/
Te-131.........................  1.E-05           7.E-06            -               4.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Te-132 (Vapor).................   -               7.E-08            -                -               2.E+03            -                /T/
Te-132.........................  1.E-07           1.E-07            -               6.E+03           6.E+03            -               T/St/
Te-133m (Vapor)................   -               1.E-06            -                -               6.E+04            -                /T/
Te-133m........................  3.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               T/ET/
Te-133 (Vapor).................   -               7.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                /T/
Te-133.........................  1.E-05           9.E-06            -               4.E+05           3.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Te-134 (Vapor).................   -               6.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                /St/
Te-134.........................  3.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
I-120m (Methyl)................  4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               T/ /
I-120m (Vapor).................   -               3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /St/
I-120m.........................  2.E-06            -                -               8.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
I-120 (Methyl).................  1.E-06            -                -               6.E+04            -                -               T/ /
I-120 (Vapor)..................   -               1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            -                /T/
I-120..........................  2.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               E/ /
I-121 (Methyl).................  5.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               T/ /
I-121 (Vapor)..................   -               4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /T/
I-121..........................  8.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            -                -               T/ /
I-123 (Methyl).................  1.E-06            -                -               7.E+04            -                -               T/ /
I-123 (Vapor)..................   -               1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            -                /T/
I-123..........................  2.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               T/ /
I-124 (Methyl).................  3.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                -               T/ /
I-124 (Vapor)..................   -               2.E-08            -                -               9.E+02            -                /T/
I-124..........................  4.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                -               T/ /
I-125 (Methyl).................  2.E-08            -                -               9.E+02            -                -               T/ /
I-125 (Vapor)..................   -               2.E-08            -                -               7.E+02            -                /T/
I-125..........................  3.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                -               T/ /
I-126 (Methyl).................  1.E-08            -                -               5.E+02            -                -               T/ /
I-126 (Vapor)..................   -               1.E-08            -                -               4.E+02            -                /T/
I-126..........................  2.E-08            -                -               7.E+02            -                -               T/ /
I-128 (Methyl).................  3.E-05            -                -               1.E+06            -                -               T/ /
I-128 (Vapor)..................   -               8.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            -                /St/
I-128..........................  1.E-05            -                -               6.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
I-129 (Methyl).................  3.E-09            -                -               1.E+02            -                -               T/ /

[[Page 46016]]

 
I-129 (Vapor)..................   -               2.E-09            -                -               1.E+02            -                /T/
I-129..........................  5.E-09            -                -               2.E+02            -                -               T/ /
I-130 (Methyl).................  2.E-07            -                -               7.E+03            -                -               T/ /
I-130 (Vapor)..................   -               1.E-07            -                -               6.E+03            -                /T/
I-130..........................  3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               T/ /
I-131 (Methyl).................  1.E-08            -                -               6.E+02            -                -               T/ /
I-131 (Vapor)..................   -               1.E-08            -                -               5.E+02            -                /T/
I-131..........................  2.E-08            -                -               9.E+02            -                -               T/ /
I-132m (Methyl)................  1.E-06            -                -               7.E+04            -                -               T/ /
I-132m (Vapor).................   -               1.E-06            -                -               6.E+04            -                /T/
I-132m.........................  3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               T/ /
I-132 (Methyl).................  1.E-06            -                -               6.E+04            -                -               T/ /
I-132 (Vapor)..................   -               1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            -                /T/
I-132..........................  2.E-06            -                -               7.E+04            -                -               T/ /
I-133 (Methyl).................  9.E-08            -                -               3.E+03            -                -               T/ /
I-133 (Vapor)..................   -               7.E-08            -                -               2.E+03            -                /T/
I-133..........................  1.E-07            -                -               5.E+03            -                -               T/ /
I-134 (Methyl).................  8.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               T/ /
I-134 (Vapor)..................   -               3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /St/
I-134..........................  3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
I-135 (Methyl).................  4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               T/ /
I-135 (Vapor)..................   -               3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /T/
I-135..........................  6.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                -               T/ /
Cs-125.........................  1.E-05            -                -               4.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Cs-127.........................  4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Cs-129.........................  2.E-06            -                -               9.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Cs-130.........................  1.E-05            -                -               6.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Cs-131.........................  7.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Cs-132.........................  9.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Cs-134m........................  8.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Cs-134.........................  5.E-08            -                -               2.E+03            -                -               St/ /
Cs-135m........................  8.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Cs-135.........................  5.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Cs-136.........................  2.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               E/ /
Cs-137.........................  8.E-08            -                -               3.E+03            -                -               St/ /
Cs-138.........................  5.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Ba-126.........................  4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Ba-128.........................  4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Ba-131m........................  4.E-05            -                -               1.E+06            -                -               ET/ /
Ba-131.........................  1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Ba-133m........................  2.E-06            -                -               7.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Ba-133.........................  3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Ba-135m........................  2.E-06            -                -               9.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Ba-139.........................  1.E-05            -                -               3.E+05            -                -               St/ /
Ba-140.........................  3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Ba-141.........................  1.E-05            -                -               4.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Ba-142.........................  9.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
La-131.........................  1.E-05           8.E-06            -               4.E+05           3.E+05            -               ET/ET/
La-132.........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               5.E+04           5.E+04            -               ET/ET/
La-135.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               4.E+05           4.E+05            -               ET/ET/
La-137.........................  4.E-08           2.E-07            -               1.E+03           8.E+03            -               L/L/
La-138.........................  3.E-09           1.E-08            -               1.E+02           4.E+02            -               St/St/
La-140.........................  4.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -               ET/St/
La-141.........................  5.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           9.E+04            -               St/St/
La-142.........................  2.E-06           2.E-06            -               9.E+04           8.E+04            -               ET/ET/
La-143.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               6.E+05           4.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Ce-134.........................   -               3.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /St/St
Ce-135.........................   -               5.E-07           5.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            /ET/ET
Ce-137m........................   -               1.E-06           9.E-07            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            /St/St
Ce-137.........................   -               1.E-05           1.E-05            -               7.E+05           7.E+05            /ET/ET
Ce-139.........................   -               4.E-07           4.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /St/St
Ce-141.........................   -               2.E-07           1.E-07            -               7.E+03           6.E+03            /St/St
Ce-143.........................   -               5.E-07           5.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            /St/St
Ce-144.........................   -               2.E-08           1.E-08            -               9.E+02           7.E+02            /St/St
Pr-136.........................   -               1.E-05           1.E-05            -               3.E+05           3.E+05            /ET/ET
Pr-137.........................   -               9.E-06           9.E-06            -               3.E+05           3.E+05            /ET/ET
Pr-138m........................   -               2.E-06           2.E-06            -               7.E+04           7.E+04            /ET/ET
Pr-139.........................   -               1.E-05           1.E-05            -               5.E+05           5.E+05            /ET/ET
Pr-142m........................   -               6.E-05           5.E-05            -               2.E+06           2.E+06            /St/St
Pr-142.........................   -               8.E-07           7.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            /St/St

[[Page 46017]]

 
Pr-143.........................   -               2.E-07           2.E-07            -               1.E+04           9.E+03            /St/St
Pr-144.........................   -               1.E-05           1.E-05            -               4.E+05           4.E+05            /ET/ET
Pr-145.........................   -               2.E-06           2.E-06            -               8.E+04           8.E+04            /St/St
Pr-147.........................   -               9.E-06           9.E-06            -               3.E+05           3.E+05            /ET/ET
Nd-136.........................   -               4.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/ET
Nd-138.........................   -               1.E-06           1.E-06            -               5.E+04           5.E+04            /St/St
Nd-139m........................   -               1.E-06           1.E-06            -               5.E+04           5.E+04            /ET/ET
Nd-139.........................   -               1.E-05           1.E-05            -               6.E+05           6.E+05            /ET/ET
Nd-141.........................   -               3.E-05           3.E-05            -               1.E+06           1.E+06            /ET/ET
Nd-147.........................   -               2.E-07           2.E-07            -               1.E+04           9.E+03            /St/St
Nd-149.........................   -               4.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/ET
Nd-151.........................   -               9.E-06           9.E-06            -               3.E+05           3.E+05            /ET/ET
Pm-141.........................   -               1.E-05           1.E-05            -               4.E+05           4.E+05            /ET/ET
Pm-143.........................   -               5.E-07           6.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            /St/St
Pm-144.........................   -               1.E-07           1.E-07            -               3.E+03           5.E+03            /St/St
Pm-145.........................   -               1.E-07           4.E-07            -               5.E+03           1.E+04            /BS/St
Pm-146.........................   -               4.E-08           6.E-08            -               1.E+03           2.E+03            /St/St
Pm-147.........................   -               1.E-07           1.E-07            -               4.E+03           6.E+03            /BS/St
Pm-148m........................   -               1.E-07           1.E-07            -               5.E+03           4.E+03            /St/St
Pm-148.........................   -               2.E-07           2.E-07            -               9.E+03           9.E+03            /St/St
Pm-149.........................   -               7.E-07           6.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            /St/St
Pm-150.........................   -               2.E-06           2.E-06            -               8.E+04           8.E+04            /ET/ET
Pm-151.........................   -               9.E-07           8.E-07            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            /St/St
Sm-141m........................   -               5.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                /ET/
Sm-141.........................   -               1.E-05            -                -               4.E+05            -                /ET/
Sm-142.........................   -               4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /ET/
Sm-145.........................   -               4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /BS/
Sm-146.........................   -               2.E-11            -                -               1.E+00            -                /BS/
Sm-147.........................   -               2.E-11            -                -               1.E+00            -                /BS/
Sm-151.........................   -               7.E-08            -                -               2.E+03            -                /BS/
Sm-153.........................   -               8.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                St/
Sm-155.........................   -               1.E-05            -                -               3.E+05            -                /ET/
Sm-156.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               7.E+04            -                /St/
Eu-145.........................   -               5.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /ET/
Eu-146.........................   -               3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /ET/
Eu-147.........................   -               5.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /St/
Eu-148.........................   -               2.E-07            -                -               9.E+03            -                /St/
Eu-149.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               9.E+04            -                /St/
Eu-150 (12 h)..................   -               2.E-06            -                -               7.E+04            -                /St/
Eu-150 (34 yr).................   -               1.E-08            -                -               6.E+02            -                /St/
Eu-152m........................   -               1.E-06            -                -               6.E+04            -                /St/
Eu-152.........................   -               2.E-08            -                -               7.E+02            -                /St/
Eu-154.........................   -               1.E-08            -                -               5.E+02            -                /St/
Eu-155.........................   -               7.E-08            -                -               2.E+03            -                /BS/
Eu-156.........................   -               1.E-07            -                -               6.E+03            -                /St/
Eu-157.........................   -               1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            -                /St/
Eu-158.........................   -               5.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /ET/
Gd-145.........................  9.E-06           7.E-06            -               3.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Gd-146.........................  1.E-07           1.E-07            -               4.E+03           4.E+03            -               St/St/
Gd-147.........................  7.E-07           6.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Gd-148.........................  5.E-12           2.E-11            -               2.E-01           9.E-01            -               BS/BS/
Gd-149.........................  1.E-06           7.E-07            -               4.E+04           2.E+04            -               St/St/
Gd-151.........................  2.E-07           8.E-07            -               9.E+03           3.E+04            -               BS/St/
Gd-152.........................  7.E-12           3.E-11            -               2.E-01           1.E+00            -               BS/BS/
Gd-153.........................  9.E-08           4.E-07            -               3.E+03           1.E+04            -               BS/St/
Gd-159.........................  3.E-06           1.E-06            -               1.E+05           5.E+04            -               St/St/
Tb-147.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /ET/
Tb-149.........................   -               1.E-07            -                -               6.E+03            -                /St/
Tb-150.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               8.E+04            -                /ET/
Tb-151.........................   -               1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            -                /ET/
Tb-153.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               8.E+04            -                /St/
Tb-154.........................   -               5.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /ET/
Tb-155.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               8.E+04            -                /St/
Tb-156m (24 h).................   -               2.E-06            -                -               9.E+04            -                /St/
Tb-156m (5 h)..................   -               4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /St/
Tb-156.........................   -               4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /E/
Tb-157.........................   -               2.E-07            -                -               8.E+03            -                /BS/
Tb-158.........................   -               1.E-08            -                -               6.E+02            -                /BS/
Tb-160.........................   -               1.E-07            -                -               3.E+03            -                /St/
Tb-161.........................   -               4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/

[[Page 46018]]

 
Dy-155.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /ET/
Dy-157.........................   -               5.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /ET/
Dy-159.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               8.E+04            -                /BS/
Dy-165.........................   -               6.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                /ET/
Dy-166.........................   -               3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
Ho-155.........................   -               1.E-05            -                -               4.E+05            -                /ET/
Ho-157.........................   -               2.E-05            -                -               1.E+06            -                /ET/
Ho-159.........................   -               2.E-05            -                -               9.E+05            -                /ET/
Ho-161.........................   -               3.E-05            -                -               1.E+06            -                /ET/
Ho-162m........................   -               9.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            -                /ET/
Ho-162.........................   -               5.E-05            -                -               2.E+06            -                /ET/
Ho-164m........................   -               3.E-05            -                -               1.E+06            -                /St/
Ho-164.........................   -               2.E-05            -                -               8.E+05            -                /ET/
Ho-166m........................   -               7.E-09            -                -               2.E+02            -                /St/
Ho-166.........................   -               6.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /St/
Ho-167.........................   -               4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /ET/
Er-161.........................   -               3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /ET/
Er-165.........................   -               2.E-05            -                -               1.E+06            -                /ET/
Er-169.........................   -               6.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /St/
Er-171.........................   -               1.E-06            -                -               6.E+04            -                /St/
Er-172.........................   -               4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
Tm-162.........................   -               9.E-06            -                -               3E+05             -                /ET/
Tm-166.........................   -               1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            -                /ET/
Tm-167.........................   -               5.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /St/
Tm-170.........................   -               1.E-07            -                -               4.E+03            -                /St/
Tm-171.........................   -               2.E-07            -                -               9.E+03            -                /BS/
Tm-172.........................   -               4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
Tm-173.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               8.E+04            -                /St/
Tm-175.........................   -               8.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                /ET/
Yb-162.........................   -               1.E-05           1.E-05            -               5.E+05           5.E+05            /ET/ET
Yb-166.........................   -               6.E-07           5.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            /St/St
Yb-167.........................   -               3.E-05           3.E-05            -               1.E+06           1.E+06            /ET/ET
Yb-169.........................   -               2.E-07           2.E-07            -               9.E+03           8.E+03            /St/St
Yb-175.........................   -               8.E-07           8.E-07            -               3.E+04           2.E+04            /St/St
Yb-177.........................   -               6.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            /ET/ET
Yb-178.........................   -               5.E-06           5.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/E
Lu-169.........................   -               9.E-07           9.E-07            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            /ET/ET
Lu-170.........................   -               4.E-07           4.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /ET/ET
Lu-171.........................   -               6.E-07           6.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            /St/St
Lu-172.........................   -               3.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /St/St
Lu-173.........................   -               2.E-07           4.E-07            -               8.E+03           1.E+04            /BS/St
Lu-174m........................   -               2.E-07           2.E-07            -               7.E+03           8.E+03            /BS/St
Lu-174.........................   -               9.E-08           2.E-07            -               3.E+03           8.E+03            /BS/St
Lu-176m........................   -               3.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /St/St
Lu-176.........................   -               3.E-09           1.E-08            -               1.E+02           6.E+02            /BS/St
Lu-177m........................   -               5.E-08           4.E-08            -               2.E+03           1.E+03            /St/St
Lu-177.........................   -               5.E-07           5.E-07            -               2.E+04           1.E+04            /St/St
Lu-178m........................   -               4.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/ET
Lu-178.........................   -               8.E-06           8.E-06            -               3.E+05           3.E+05            /ET/ET
Lu-179.........................   -               3.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /St/St
Hf-170.........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               4.E+04           4.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Hf-172.........................  6.E-09           3.E-08            -               2.E+02           1.E+03            -               BS/BS/
Hf-173.........................  2.E-06           2.E-06            -               9.E+04           8.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Hf-175.........................  5.E-07           6.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            -               BS/St/
Hf-177m........................  2.E-06           1.E-06            -               9.E+04           6.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Hf-178m........................  8.E-10           4.E-09            -               3.E+01           1.E+02            -               BS/BS/
Hf-179m........................  2.E-07           1.E-07            -               8.E+03           6.E+03            -               BS/St/
Hf-180m........................  2.E-06           1.E-06            -               7.E+04           6.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Hf-181.........................  1.E-07           1.E-07            -               4.E+03           5.E+03            -               BS/St/
Hf-182m........................  5.E-06           4.E-06            -               2.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Hf-182.........................  5.E-10           2.E-09            -               2.E+01           9.E+01            -               BS/BS/
Hf-183.........................  6.E-06           4.E-06            -               2.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Hf-184.........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               5.E+04           4.E+04            -               ET/St/
Ta-172.........................   -               5.E-06           5.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/ET
Ta-173.........................   -               3.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /E/E
Ta-174.........................   -               5.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            /ET/ET
Ta-175.........................   -               1.E-06           1.E-06            -               6.E+04           6.E+04            /ET/ET
Ta-176.........................   -               1.E-06           1.E-06            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            /ET/ET
Ta-177.........................   -               4.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /St/St
Ta-178.........................   -               3.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/ET

[[Page 46019]]

 
Ta-179.........................   -               4.E-06           1.E-06            -               1.E+05           7.E+04            /St/St
Ta-180m........................   -               9.E-06           9.E-06            -               3.E+05           3.E+05            /St/St
Ta-180.........................   -               1.E-07           4.E-08            -               4.E+03           1.E+03            /St/St
Ta-182m........................   -               6.E-06           6.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            /ET/ET
Ta-182.........................   -               9.E-08           7.E-08            -               3.E+03           2.E+03            /St/St
Ta-183.........................   -               3.E-07           2.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            /St/St
Ta-184.........................   -               8.E-07           8.E-07            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            /ET/ET
Ta-185.........................   -               5.E-06           5.E-06            -               2.E+05           1.E+05            /ET/ET
Ta-186.........................   -               7.E-06           7.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            /ET/ET
W-176..........................  3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
W-177..........................  5.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
W-178..........................  3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
W-179..........................  1.E-04            -                -               5.E+06            -                -               ET/ /
W-181..........................  1.E-05            -                -               4.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
W-185..........................  2.E-06            -                -               9.E+04            -                -               St/ /
W-187..........................  1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
W-188..........................  6.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                -                St/ /
Re-177.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               6.E+05           4.E+05            -                ET/ET/
Re-178.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05            -               5.E+05           3.E+05            -                ET/ET/
Re-181.........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               5.E+04           4.E+04            -                ;ET/ET/
Re-182 (64 h)..................  4.E-07           3.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -                ET/St/
Re-182 (12 h)..................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               4.E+04           4.E+04            -                ET/ET/
Re-184m........................  6.E-07           1.E-07            -               2.E+04           4.E+03            -                St/St/
Re-184.........................  7.E-07           3.E-07            -               2.E+04           1.E+04            -                ET/St/
Re-186m........................  4.E-07           7.E-08            -               1.E+04           2.E+03            -                St/St/
Re-186.........................  7.E-07           4.E-07            -               2.E+04           1.E+04            -                St/St/
Re-187.........................  2.E-04           1.E-04            -               8.E+06           4.E+06            -                St/St/
Re-188m........................  3.E-05           2.E-05            -               1.E+06           1.E+06            -               St/St/
Re-188.........................  8.E-07           7.E-07            -               3.E+04           2.E+04            -               St/St/
Re-189.........................  1.E-06           9.E-07            -               4.E+04           3.E+04            -               St/St/
Os-180.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05           1.E-05           5.E+05           3.E+05           3.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Os-181.........................  3.E-06           3.E-06           3.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Os-182.........................  1.E-06           9.E-07           9.E-07           3.E+04           3.E+04           3.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Os-185.........................  4.E-07           5.E-07           5.E-07           1.E+04           2.E+04           1.E+04           St/St/St
Os-189m........................  1.E-04           7.E-05           7.E-05           4.E+06           2.E+06           2.E+06           St/St/St
Os-191m........................  1.E-05           4.E-06           4.E-06           5.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           St/St/St
Os-191.........................  1.E-06           4.E-07           3.E-07           5.E+04           1.E+04           1.E+04           St/St/St
Os-193.........................  2.E-06           8.E-07           8.E-07           7.E+04           3.E+04           3.E+04           St/St/St
Os-194.........................  4.E-08           4.E-08           1.E-08           1.E+03           1.E+03           4.E+02           St/St/St
Ir-182.........................  9.E-06           7.E-06           7.E-06           3.E+05           2.E+05           2.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Ir-184.........................  1.E-06           1.E-06           1.E-06           7.E+04           6.E+04           7.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Ir-185.........................  2.E-06           1.E-06           1.E-06           7.E+04           7.E+04           7.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Ir-186 (16 h)..................  8.E-07           7.E-07           7.E-07           2.E+04           2.E+04           2.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Ir-186 (2 h)...................  5.E-06           4.E-06           4.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Ir-187.........................  4.E-06           3.E-06           3.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Ir-188.........................  6.E-07           6.E-07           6.E-07           2.E+04           2.E+04           2.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Ir-189.........................  3.E-06           1.E-06           1.E-06           1.E+05           5.E+04           4.E+04           St/St/St
Ir-190m (3 h)..................  2.E-06           2.E-06           2.E-06           8.E+04           8.E+04           7.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Ir-190m (1 h)..................  9.E-05           5.E-05           5.E-05           3.E+06           2.E+06           1.E+06           ET/St/St
Ir-190.........................  4.E-07           2.E-07           2.E-07           1.E+04           9.E+03           8.E+03           ET/St/St
Ir-192m........................  1.E-07           1.E-07           2.E-08           3.E+03           6.E+03           1.E+03           St/St/St
Ir-192.........................  2.E-07           1.E-07           1.E-07           9.E+03           5.E+03           4.E+03           St/St/St
Ir-194m........................  8.E-08           8.E-08           6.E-08           3.E+03           3.E+03           2.E+03           St/St/St
Ir-194.........................  1.E-06           7.E-07           7.E-07           5.E+04           2.E+04           2.E+04           St/St/St
Ir-195m........................  2.E-06           2.E-06           2.E-06           9.E+04           7.E+04           7.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Ir-195.........................  7.E-06           5.E-06           4.E-06           2.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Pt-186.........................  3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Pt-188.........................  8.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                -               E/ /
Pt-189.........................  3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Pt-191.........................  1.E-06            -                -               7.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Pt-193m........................  2.E-06            -                -               8.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Pt-193.........................  2.E-05            -                -               7.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Pt-195m........................  1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Pt-197m........................  7.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Pt-197.........................  3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Pt-199.........................  1.E-05            -                -               4.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Pt-200.........................  1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Au-193.........................  4.E-06           3.E-06           3.E-06           1.E+05           1.E+05           1.E+05           ET/E/St
Au-194.........................  9.E-07           9.E-07           9.E-07           3.E+04           3.E+04           3.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Au-195.........................  3.E-06           7.E-07           4.E-07           1.E+05           2.E+04           1.E+04           ET/St/St

[[Page 46020]]

 
Au-198m........................  6.E-07           2.E-07           2.E-07           2.E+04           1.E+04           1.E+04           ET/St/St
Au-198.........................  1.E-06           5.E-07           5.E-07           4.E+04           2.E+04           1.E+04           ET/St/St
Au-199.........................  2.E-06           8.E-07           7.E-07           7.E+04           3.E+04           2.E+04           ET/St/St
Au-200m........................  5.E-07           4.E-07           4.E-07           1.E+04           1.E+04           1.E+04           ET/ET/ET
Au-200.........................  1.E-05           7.E-06           7.E-06           4.E+05           2.E+05           2.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Au-201.........................  1.E-05           1.E-05           9.E-06           5.E+05           3.E+05           3.E+05           ET/ET/ET
Hg-193m (Org)..................  1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Hg-193m........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               4.E+04           4.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Hg-193m (Vapor)................   -               1.E-07            -                -               6.E+03            -                /St/
Hg-193 (Org)...................  5.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Hg-193.........................  5.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Hg-193 (Vapor).................   -               5.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
Hg-194 (Org)...................  2.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                -               St/ /
Hg-194.........................  3.E-08           1.E-07            -               1.E+03           3.E+03            -               St/St/
Hg-194 (Vapor).................   -               1.E-08            -                -               5.E+02            -                /St/
Hg-195m (Org)..................  1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Hg-195m........................  1.E-06           8.E-07            -               5.E+04           3.E+04            -               ET/St/
Hg-195m (Vapor)................   -               6.E-08            -                -               2.E+03            -                /St/
Hg-195 (Org)...................  6.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Hg-195.........................  6.E-06           6.E-06            -               2.E+05           2.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Hg-195 (Vapor).................   -               4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
Hg-197m (Org)..................  1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Hg-197m........................  1.E-06           8.E-07            -               5.E+04           3.E+04            -               ET/St/
Hg-197m (Vapor)................   -               9.E-08            -                -               3.E+03            -                /St/
Hg-197 (Org)...................  4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Hg-197.........................  4.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           7.E+04            -               ET/St/
Hg-197 (Vapor).................   -               1.E-07            -                -               4.E+03            -                /St/
Hg-199m (Org)..................  8.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Hg-199m........................  8.E-06           5.E-06            -               3.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Hg-199m (Vapor)................   -               3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /St/
Hg-203 (Org)...................  7.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Hg-203.........................  9.E-07           2.E-07            -               3.E+04           1.E+04            -               St/St/
Hg-203 (Vapor).................   -               8.E-08            -                -               2.E+03            -                /St/
Tl-194m........................  5.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Tl-194.........................  2.E-05            -                -               8.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Tl-195.........................  6.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Tl-197.........................  8.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Tl-198m........................  2.E-06            -                -               9.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Tl-198.........................  1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Tl-199.........................  5.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Tl-200.........................  8.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Tl-201.........................  4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Tl-202.........................  1.E-06            -                -               5.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Tl-204.........................  9.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Pb-195m........................  7.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Pb-198.........................  2.E-06            -                -               9.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Pb-199.........................  4.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Pb-200.........................  1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Pb-201.........................  2.E-06            -                -               7.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Pb-202m........................  1.E-06            -                -               6.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Pb-202.........................  4.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                -               St/ /
Pb-203.........................  2.E-06            -                -               7.E+04            -                -               ET/ /
Pb-205.........................  9.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                -               BS/ /
Pb-209.........................  9.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            -                -               ET/ /
Pb-210.........................  1.E-10            -                -               5.E+00            -                -               BS/ /
Pb-211.........................  4.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                -               ET/ /
Pb-212.........................  5.E-09            -                -               2.E+02            -                -               ET/ /
Pb-214.........................  4.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                -               ET/ /
Bi-200.........................  5.E-06           4.E-06            -               2.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Bi-201.........................  3.E-06           2.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Bi-202.........................  2.E-06           2.E-06            -               9.E+04           9.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Bi-203.........................  7.E-07           7.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Bi-205.........................  4.E-07           4.E-07            -               1.E+04           1.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Bi-206.........................  2.E-07           2.E-07            -               9.E+03           8.E+03            -               ET/ET/
Bi-207.........................  4.E-07           1.E-07            -               1.E+04           6.E+03            -               ET/St/
Bi-210m........................  3.E-09           2.E-10            -               1.E+02           9.E+00            -               K/St/
Bi-210.........................  1.E-07           9.E-09            -               6.E+03           3.E+02            -               K/St/
Bi-212.........................  1.E-08           8.E-09            -               4.E+02           3.E+02            -               ET/ET/
Bi-213.........................  1.E-08           7.E-09            -               4.E+02           2.E+02            -               ET/ET/
Bi-214.........................  1.E-08           1.E-08            -               6.E+02           4.E+02            -               ET/ET/

[[Page 46021]]

 
Po-203.........................  5.E-06           4.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Po-205.........................  4.E-06           3.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            -               ET/ET/
Po-207.........................  1.E-06           1.E-06            -               7.E+04           6.E+04            -               ET/ET/
Po-210.........................  7.E-10           2.E-10            -               2.E+01           9.E+00            -               K/St/
At-207.........................  1.E-06           2.E-07            -               4.E+04           1.E+04            -               St/St/
At-211.........................  7.E-09           5.E-09            -               2.E+02           1.E+02            -               ET/St/
Rn-220 \5\.....................  1.E-08            -                -               6.E+02            -                -                -
Rn-222 \5\.....................  8.E-08            -                -               3.E+03            -                -                -
Fr-222.........................  1.E-08            -                -               3.E+02            -                -               ET/ /
Fr-223.........................  4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                -               St/ /
Ra-223.........................   -               9.E-11            -                -               3.E+00            -                /St/
Ra-224.........................   -               2.E-10            -                -               8.E+00            -                /St/
Ra-225.........................   -               1.E-10            -                -               4.E+00            -                /St/
Ra-226.........................   -               2.E-10            -                -               9.E+00            -                /St/
Ra-227.........................   -               8.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                /BS/
Ra-228.........................   -               1.E-10            -                -               5.E+00            -                /BS/
Ac-224.........................  1.E-08           6.E-09           5.E-09           6.E+02           2.E+02           2.E+02           BS/St/St
Ac-225.........................  2.E-10           9.E-11           8.E-11           7.E+00           3.E+00           3.E+00           BS/St/St
Ac-226.........................  1.E-09           6.E-10           5.E-10           4.E+01           2.E+01           2.E+01           ET/St/St
Ac-227.........................  2.E-13           1.E-12           1.E-11           1.E-02           5.E-02           4.E-01           BS/BS/St
Ac-228.........................  6.E-09           3.E-08           4.E-08           2.E+02           1.E+03           1.E+03           BS/BS/St
Th-226.........................   -               4.E-09           4.E-09            -               1.E+02           1.E+02            /ET/ET
Th-227.........................   -               9.E-11           7.E-11            -               3.E+00           2.E+00            /St/St
Th-228.........................   -               2.E-11           2.E-11            -               7.E-01           8.E-01            /BS/St
Th-229.........................   -               2.E-12           1.E-11            -               7.E-02           4.E-01            /BS/St
Th-230.........................   -               3.E-12           4.E-11            -               1.E-01           1.E+00            /BS/BS
Th-231.........................   -               1.E-06           1.E-06            -               5.E+04           5.E+04            /St/St
Th-232.........................   -               3.E-12           4.E-11            -               1.E-01           1.E+00            /BS/BS
Th-234.........................   -               1.E-07           9.E-08            -               3.E+03           3.E+03            /St/St
Pa-227.........................   -               4.E-09           4.E-09            -               1.E+02           1.E+02            /ET/ET
Pa-228.........................   -               1.E-08           1.E-08            -               3.E+02           4.E+02            /BS/St
Pa-230.........................   -               1.E-09           9.E-10            -               4.E+01           3.E+01            /St/St
Pa-231.........................   -               1.E-12           1.E-11            -               4.E-02           4.E-01            /BS/BS
Pa-232.........................   -               1.E-08           1.E-07            -               6.E+02           7.E+03            /BS/BS
Pa-233.........................   -               2.E-07           1.E-07            -               7.E+03           6.E+03            /St/St
Pa-234.........................   -               7.E-07           7.E-07            -               2.E+04           2.E+04            /ET/ET
U-230..........................  6.E-10           5.E-11           4.E-11           2.E+01           2.E+00           1.E+00           K/St/St
U-231..........................  2.E-06           1.E-06           1.E-06           8.E+04           4.E+04           4.E+04           ET/St/St
U-232..........................  5.E-11           1.E-10           2.E-11           2.E+00           4.E+00           7.E-01           BS/St/ET
U-233..........................  4.E-10           2.E-10           7.E-11           1.E+01           9.E+00           2.E+00           BS/St/ET
U-234..........................  5.E-10           2.E-10           7.E-11           1.E+01           9.E+00           2.E+00           BS/St/ET
U-235..........................  5.E-10           3.E-10           8.E-11           1.E+01           1.E+01           3.E+00           BS/St/ET
U-236..........................  5.E-10           2.E-10           7.E-11           1.E+01           1.E+01           2.E+00           BS/St/ET
U-237..........................  1.E-06           3.E-07           3.E-07           4.E+04           1.E+04           1.E+04           ET/St/St
U-238..........................  5.E-10           3.E-10           8.E-11           2.E+01           1.E+01           3.E+00           BS/St/ET
U-239..........................  1.E-05           9.E-06           9.E-06           5.E+05           3.E+05           3.E+05           ET/ET/ET
U-240..........................  1.E-06           7.E-07           6.E-07           5.E+04           2.E+04           2.E+04           ET/St/St
Np-232.........................   -               3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /BS/
Np-233.........................   -               7.E-05            -                -               2.E+06            -                /ET/
Np-234.........................   -               5.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /ET/
Np-235.........................   -               1.E-06            -                -               4.E+04            -                /BS/
Np-236 (1.E+05 yr).............   -               4.E-11            -                -               1.E+00            -                /BS/
Np-236 (22 h)..................   -               5.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                /BS/
Np-237.........................   -               8.E-12            -                -               3.E-01            -                /BS/
Np-238.........................   -               1.E-07            -                -               4.E+03            -                /BS/
Np-239.........................   -               5.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
Np-240.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               8.E+04            -                /ET/
Pu-234.........................   -               3.E-08           3.E-08            -               1.E+03           1.E+03            /St/St
Pu-235.........................   -               9.E-05           8.E-05            -               3.E+06           3.E+06            /ET/ET
Pu-236.........................   -               1.E-11           7.E-11            -               6.E-01           2.E+00            /BS/St
Pu-237.........................   -               1.E-06           1.E-06            -               7.E+04           6.E+04            /St/St
Pu-238.........................   -               6.E-12           5.E-11            -               2.E-01           1.E+00            /BS/St
Pu-239.........................   -               5.E-12           6.E-11            -               2.E-01           2.E+00            /BS/BS
Pu-240.........................   -               5.E-12           6.E-11            -               2.E-01           2.E+00            /BS/BS
Pu-241.........................   -               2.E-10           2.E-09            -               1.E+01           1.E+02            /BS/BS
Pu-242.........................   -               5.E-12           6.E-11            -               2.E-01           2.E+00            /BS/BS
Pu-243.........................   -               5.E-06           5.E-06            -               1.E+05           1.E+05            /E/E
Pu-244.........................   -               5.E-12           6.E-11            -               2.E-01           2.E+00            /BS/BS
Pu-245.........................   -               9.E-07           8.E-07            -               3.E+04           3.E+04            /St/St
Pu-246.........................   -               8.E-08           8.E-08            -               3.E+03           2.E+03            /St/St

[[Page 46022]]

 
Am-237.........................   -               8.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            -                /ET/
Am-238.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               9.E+04            -                /BS/
Am-239.........................   -               1.E-06            -                -               6.E+04            -                /ET/
Am-240.........................   -               7.E-07            -                -               2.E+04            -                /ET/
Am-241.........................   -               5.E-12            -                -               1.E-01            -                /BS/
Am-242m........................   -               5.E-12            -                -               1.E-01            -                /BS/
Am-242.........................   -               4.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                /St/
Am-243.........................   -               5.E-12            -                -               1.E-01            -                /BS/
Am-244m........................   -               3.E-06            -                -               1.E+05            -                /BS/
Am-244.........................   -               1.E-07            -                -               5.E+03            -                /BS/
Am-245.........................   -               5.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                /ET/
Am-246m........................   -               6.E-06            -                -               2.E+05            -                /ET/
Am-246.........................   -               2.E-06            -                -               9.E+04            -                /ET/
Cm-238.........................   -               1.E-07            -                -               4.E+03            -                /St/
Cm-240.........................   -               3.E-10            -                -               7.E+01            -                /St/
Cm-241.........................   -               2.E-08            -                -               8.E+02            -                /St/
Cm-242.........................   -               1.E-10            -                -               5.E+00            -                /St/
Cm-243.........................   -               7.E-12            -                -               2.E-01            -                /BS/
Cm-244.........................   -               9.E-12            -                -               3.E-01            -                /BS/
Cm-245.........................   -               5.E-12            -                -               1.E-01            -                /BS/
Cm-246.........................   -               5.E-12            -                -               1.E-01            -                /BS/
Cm-247.........................   -               5.E-12            -                -               2.E-01            -                /BS/
Cm-248.........................   -               1.E-12            -                -               5.E-02            -                /BS/
Cm-249.........................   -               8.E-06            -                -               3.E+05            -                /ET/
Cm-250.........................   -               2.E-13            -                -               8.E-03            -                /BS/
Bk-245.........................   -               3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
Bk-246.........................   -               8.E-07            -                -               3.E+04            -                /ET/
Bk-247.........................   -               3.E-12            -                -               1.E-01            -                /BS/
Bk-249.........................   -               1.E-09            -                -               5.E+01            -                /BS/
Bk-250.........................   -               2.E-07            -                -               9.E+03            -                /BS/
Cf-244.........................   -               1.E-08            -                -               5.E+02            -                /ET/
Cf-246.........................   -               1.E-09            -                -               5.E+01            -                /St/
Cf-248.........................   -               5.E-11            -                -               2.E+00            -                /BS/
Cf-249.........................   -               3.E-12            -                -               1.E-01            -                /BS/
Cf-250.........................   -               7.E-12            -                -               2.E-01            -                /BS/
Cf-251.........................   -               3.E-12            -                -               1.E-01            -                /BS/
Cf-252.........................   -               1.E-11            -                -               6.E-01            -                /BS/
Cf-253.........................   -               5.E-10            -                -               2.E+01            -                /St/
Cf-254.........................   -               2.E-11            -                -               8.E-01            -                /BS/
Es-250.........................   -               4.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /BS/
Es-251.........................   -               3.E-07            -                -               1.E+04            -                /St/
Es-253.........................   -               2.E-10            -                -               9.E+00            -                /St/
Es-254m........................   -               1.E-09            -                -               5.E+01            -                /St/
Es-254.........................   -               6.E-11            -                -               2.E+00            -                /BS/
Fm-252.........................   -               2.E-09            -                -               8.E+01            -                /St/
Fm-253.........................   -               1.E-09            -                -               6.E+01            -                /St/
Fm-254.........................   -               6.E-09            -                -               2.E+02            -                /ET/
Fm-255.........................   -               2.E-09            -                -               8.E+01            -                /St/
Fm-257.........................   -               1.E-10            -                -               4.E+00            -                /St/
Md-257.........................   -               2.E-08            -                -               1.E+03            -                /St/
Md-258.........................   -               1.E-10            -                -               4.E+00            -                /St/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For any single radionuclide not listed above with decay mode 
other than alpha emission or spontaneous fission and with 
radioactive half-life greater than two hours, the DAC value shall be 
4.E-11 [mu]Ci/ml (1 Bq/m3).
    For any single radionuclide not listed above that decays by 
alpha emission or spontaneous fission, or any mixture for which the 
identity or the concentration of any radionuclide in the mixture is 
not known, the DAC value shall be 2.E-13 [mu]Ci/ml (8.E-03 Bq/
m3).

Footnotes for Appendix A

    1 A determination of whether the DACs are controlled 
by stochastic (St) or nonstochastic (organ) dose, or if they both 
give the same result (E), for each lung retention class, is given in 
this column. The key to the organ notation for nonstochastic dose 
is: BS = Bone surface, ET = Extrathoracic, K = Kidney, L = Liver, 
and T = Thyroid. A blank indicates that no calculations were 
performed for the material type shown.
    2 The ICRP identifies these materials as soluble or 
reactive gases and vapors or highly soluble or reactive gases and 
vapors. For tritiated water, the inhalation DAC values allow for an 
additional 50% absorption through the skin, as described in ICRP 
Publication No. 68, Dose Coefficients for Intakes of Radionuclides 
by Workers. For elemental tritium, the DAC values include a factor 
that irradiation from gas within the lungs might increase the dose 
by 20%.
    3 A dash indicates no values given for this data 
category.
    4 DAC values derived using hafnium tritide particle 
and are based on observed activity (i.e, only radiation emitted from 
the particle is considered). DAC values derived using methodology 
found in Radiological Control Programs for Special Tritium 
Compounds, DOE-HDBK-1184-2004.

[[Page 46023]]

    5 These values are appropriate for protection from 
radon combined with its short-lived daughters and are based on 
information given in ICRP Publication 65: Protection Against Radon-
222 at Home and at Work and in DOE-STD-1121-98: Internal Dosimetry. 
The values given are for 100% equilibrium concentration conditions 
of the radon daughters with the parent. To allow for an actual 
measured equilibrium concentration or a demonstrated equilibrium 
concentration, the values given in this table should be multiplied 
by the ratio (100%/actual %) or (100%/demonstrated %), respectively. 
Alternatively, the DAC values for Rn-220 and Rn-222 may be replaced 
by 2.5 WL* and 0.83 WL*, respectively, for appropriate limiting of 
daughter concentrations.
    * A ``Working Level'' (WL) is any combination of short-lived 
radon daughters, in one liter of air without regard to the degree of 
equilibrium, that will result in the ultimate emission of 1.3 E+05 
MeV of alpha energy.
    30. Appendix C to part 835 is revised to read as follows:

Appendix C to Part 835--Derived Air Concentration (DAC) for Workers 
From External Exposure During Immersion in a Cloud of Airborne 
Radioactive Material

    a. The data presented in appendix C are to be used for 
controlling occupational exposures in accordance with Sec.  835.209, 
identifying the need for air monitoring in accordance with Sec.  
835.403 and identifying the need for posting of airborne 
radioactivity areas in accordance with Sec.  835.603(d).
    b. The air immersion DAC values shown in this appendix are based 
on a stochastic dose limit of 5 rems (0.05 Sv) per year. Four 
columns of information are presented: (1) radionuclide; (2) half-
life in units of seconds (s), minutes (min), hours (h), days (d), or 
years (yr); (3) air immersion DAC in units of [mu]Ci/ml; and (4) air 
immersion DAC in units of Bq/m3. The data are listed by 
radionuclide in order of increasing atomic mass. The air immersion 
DACs were calculated for a continuous, nonshielded exposure via 
immersion in a semi-infinite cloud of airborne radioactive material. 
The DACs listed in this appendix may be modified to allow for 
submersion in a cloud of finite dimensions.
    c. The DAC values are given for individual radionuclides. For 
known mixtures of radionuclides, determine the sum of the ratio of 
the observed concentration of a particular radionuclide and its 
corresponding DAC for all radionuclides in the mixture. If this sum 
exceeds unity (1), then the DAC has been exceeded. For unknown 
radionuclides, the most restrictive DAC (lowest value) for those 
isotopes not known to be absent shall be used.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                               Air Immersion DASC
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Radionuclide                       Half-Life                ([mu]Ci/ml)               (Bq/m3
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ar-37.................................  35.02 d..................  1.E+00                  4.E+10
Ar-39.................................  269 yr...................  4.E-04                  1.E+07
Ar-41.................................  1.827 h..................  1.E-06                  3.E+04
Kr-74.................................  11.5 min.................  1.E-06                  4.E+04
Kr-76.................................  14.8 h...................  3.E-06                  1.E+05
Kr-77.................................  74.7 h...................  1.E-06                  5.E+04
Kr-79.................................  35.04 h..................  5.E-06                  2.E+05
Kr-81.................................  2.1E+05 yr...............  2.E-04                  9.E+06
Kr-83m................................  1.83 h...................  2.E-02                  9.E+08
Kr-85.................................  10.72 yr.................  2.E-04                  9.E+06
Kr-85m................................  4.48 h...................  9.E-06                  3.E+05
Kr-87.................................  76.3 min.................  1.E-06                  5.E+04
Kr-88.................................  2.84 h...................  6.E-07                  2.E+04
Xe-120................................  40.0 min.................  3.E-06                  1.E+05
Xe-121................................  40.1 min.................  7.E-07                  2.E+04
Xe-122................................  20.1 h...................  2.E-05                  1.E+06
Xe-123................................  2.14 h...................  2.E-06                  8.E+04
Xe-125................................  16.8 h...................  5.E-06                  2.E+05
Xe-127................................  36.406 d.................  5.E-06                  2.E+05
Xe-129m...............................  8.89 d...................  6.E-05                  2.E+06
Xe-131m...............................  11.84 d..................  1.E-04                  6.E+06
Xe-133................................  5.245 d..................  4.E-05                  1.E+06
Xe-133m...............................  2.19 d...................  4.E-05                  1.E+06
Xe-135................................  9.11 h...................  5.E-06                  2.E+05
Xe-135m...............................  15.36 min................  3.E-06                  1.E+05
Xe-138................................  14.13 min................  1.E-06                  4.E+04
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For any single radionuclide not listed above with decay mode 
other than alpha emission or spontaneous fission and with 
radioactive half-life less than two hours, the DAC value shall be 
6.E-06 [mu]Ci/ml (2.E+04 Bq/m3).
    31. Appendix D to part 835 is revised to read as follows:

Appendix D to Part 835--Surface Contamination Values

    The data presented in appendix D are to be used in identifying 
and posting contamination and high contamination areas in accordance 
with Sec.  835.603(e) and (f) and identifying the need for surface 
contamination monitoring and control in accordance with Sec.  
835.1101 and 1102.

            Surface Contamination Values\1\ in dpm/100 cm\2\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          Total (fixed +
              Radionuclide                 Removable 2 4  removable) 2 3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
U-nat, U-235, U-238, and associated            \7\ 1,000       \7\ 5,000
 decay products.........................                        products
Transuranics, Ra-226, Ra-228, Th-230, Th-             20             500
 228, Pa-231, Ac-227, I-125, I-129......

[[Page 46024]]

 
Th-nat, Th-232, Sr-90 (including mixed               200           1,000
 fission products where the Sr-90
 fraction is 90 percent or more of the
 total activity), Ra-223, Ra-224, U-232,
 I-126, I-131, I-133....................
Mixed fission products where the Sr-90               600           3,000
 fraction is more than 50 percent but
 less than 90 percent of the total
 activity...............................
Beta-gamma emitters (nuclides with decay           1,000           5,000
 modes other than alpha emission or
 spontaneous fission) except Sr-90 and
 others noted above \5\.................
Tritium and tritiated compounds \6\.....          10,000             N/A
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The values in this appendix, with the exception noted in footnote 6
  below, apply to radioactive contamination deposited on, but not
  incorporated into the interior or matrix of, the contaminated item.
  Where surface contamination by both alpha- and beta-gamma-emitting
  nuclides exists, the limits established for alpha- and beta-gamma-
  emitting nuclides apply independently.
\2\ As used in this table, dpm (disintegrations per minute) means the
  rate of emission by radioactive material as determined by correcting
  the counts per minute observed by an appropriate detector for
  background, efficiency, and geometric factors associated with the
  instrumentation.
\3\ The levels may be averaged over one square meter provided the
  maximum surface activity in any area of 100 cm\2\ is less than three
  times the value specified. For purposes of averaging, any square meter
  of surface shall be considered to be above the surface contamination
  value if: (1) From measurements of a representative number of sections
  it is determined that the average contamination level exceeds the
  applicable value; or (2) it is determined that the sum of the activity
  of all isolated spots or particles in any 100 cm\2\ area exceeds three
  times the applicable value.
\4\ The amount of removable radioactive material per 100 cm\2\ of
  surface area should be determined by swiping the area with dry filter
  or soft absorbent paper, applying moderate pressure, and then
  assessing the amount of radioactive material on the swipe with an
  appropriate instrument of known efficiency. (Note--The use of dry
  material may not be appropriate for tritium.) When removable
  contamination on objects of surface area less than 100 cm\2\ is
  determined, the activity per unit area shall be based on the actual
  area and the entire surface shall be wiped. It is not necessary to use
  swiping techniques to measure removable contamination levels if direct
  scan surveys indicate that the total residual surface contamination
  levels are within the limits for removable contamination.
\5\ This category of radionuclides includes mixed fission products where
  the Sr-90 fraction is 50 percent or less of the total activity.
\6\ Tritium contamination may diffuse into the volume or matrix of
  materials. Evaluation of surface contamination shall consider the
  extent to which such contamination may migrate to the surface in order
  to ensure the surface contamination value provided in this appendix is
  not exceeded. Once this contamination migrates to the surface, it may
  be removable, not fixed; therefore, a ``Total'' value does not apply.
\7\ These limits only apply to the alpha emitters within the respective
  decay series.

    32. Appendix E to part 835 is revised to read as follows:

Appendix E to Part 835--Values for Establishing Sealed Radioactive 
Source Accountability and Radioactive Material Posting and Labeling 
Requirements

    The data presented in appendix E are to be used for identifying 
accountable sealed radioactive sources and radioactive material 
areas as those terms are defined at Sec.  835.2(a), establishing the 
need for radioactive material area posting in accordance with Sec.  
835.603(g), and establishing the need for radioactive material 
labeling in accordance with Sec.  835.605.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Nuclide                         Activity ([mu]Ci)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
H-3........................................  1.5E+08
Be-7.......................................  3.1E+03
Be-10......................................  1.4E+05
C-14.......................................  4.6E+06
Na-22......................................  1.9E+01
Al-26......................................  1.5E+01
Si-32......................................  4.9E+04
S-35.......................................  2.4E+06
Cl-36......................................  5.2E+05
K-40.......................................  2.7E+02
Ca-41......................................  9.3E+06
Ti-44......................................  1.5E+02
Ca-45......................................  1.1E+06
Sc-46......................................  6.2E+01
V-49.......................................  1.0E+08
Mn-53......................................  7.5E+07
Mn-54......................................  6.5E+01
Fe-55......................................  2.9E+06
Fe-59......................................  1.9E+02
Fe-60......................................  8.1E+03
Co-56......................................  3.9E+01
Co-57......................................  2.3E+02
Co-58......................................  1.3E+02
Co-60......................................  1.7E+01
Ni-59......................................  3.2E+06
Ni-63......................................  1.3E+06
Zn-65......................................  1.1E+02
Ge-68......................................  5.6E+02
As-73......................................  5.3E+02
Se-75......................................  6.3E+01
Se-79......................................  8.7E+05
Rb-83......................................  9.1E+01
Rb-84......................................  2.0E+02
Sr-85......................................  1.2E+02
Sr-89......................................  4.8E+05
Sr-90......................................  3.5E+04
Y-88.......................................  3.3E+01
Y-91.......................................  5.0E+04
Zr-88......................................  1.1E+02
Zr-93......................................  9.3E+04
Zr-95......................................  1.9E+02
Nb-91......................................  6.9E+01
Nb-91m.....................................  3.6E+02
Nb-92......................................  1.8E+01
Nb-93m.....................................  4.4E+02
Nb-94......................................  2.3E+01
Nb-95......................................  3.4E+02
Mo-93......................................  7.7E+01
Tc-95m.....................................  1.3E+02
Tc-97......................................  8.1E+01
Tc-97m.....................................  3.5E+02
Tc-98......................................  2.5E+01
Tc-99......................................  8.4E+05
Rh-101.....................................  8.7E+05
Rh-102.....................................  3.0E+05
Rh-102m....................................  6.4E+05
Ru-103.....................................  4.4E+02
Ru-106.....................................  2.5E+02
Ag-105.....................................  3.3E+06
Ag-108m....................................  1.8E+01
Ag-110m....................................  2.2E+01
Pd-107.....................................  9.3E+06
Cd-109.....................................  1.6E+02
Cd-113m....................................  2.0E+04
Cd-115m....................................  1.0E+04
Sn-113.....................................  3.1E+02
Sn-119m....................................  3.3E+02
Sn-121m....................................  8.1E+05
Sn-123.....................................  1.3E+04
Sn-126.....................................  1.8E+02
In-114m....................................  7.7E+02
Te-121m....................................  1.8E+02
Te-123m....................................  2.8E+02
Te-125m....................................  4.4E+02
Te-127m....................................  8.0E+02
Te-129m....................................  2.3E+03
Sb-124.....................................  9.1E+01
Sb-125.....................................  6.7E+01
I-125......................................  3.5E+02
I-129......................................  1.8E+02
Ba-133.....................................  5.1E+01
Cs-134.....................................  2.6E+01
Cs-135.....................................  1.3E+06
Cs-137.....................................  6.0E+01
La-137.....................................  2.7E+05
Ce-139.....................................  2.4E+02
Ce-141.....................................  2.4E+03
Ce-144.....................................  1.4E+03
Pm-143.....................................  1.3E+02
Pm-144.....................................  2.9E+01
Pm-145.....................................  2.6E+02
Pm-146.....................................  4.4E+01
Pm-147.....................................  7.7E+05
Pm-148m....................................  1.0E+02
Sm-145.....................................  2.4E+06
Sm-146.....................................  4.0E+02
Sm-151.....................................  2.5E+05
Gd-146.....................................  5.1E+05

[[Page 46025]]

 
Gd-148.....................................  9.0E+01
Gd-151.....................................  2.9E+06
Gd-153.....................................  2.1E+02
Eu-148.....................................  1.1E+06
Eu-149.....................................  1.1E+07
Eu-152.....................................  3.1E+01
Eu-154.....................................  3.1E+01
Eu-155.....................................  3.6E+02
Tb-157.....................................  2.5E+03
Tb-158.....................................  9.0E+04
Tb-160.....................................  1.2E+02
Dy-159.....................................  1.0E+07
Ho-166m....................................  2.1E+01
Yb-169.....................................  5.5E+02
Tm-170.....................................  8.4E+03
Tm-171.....................................  2.8E+04
Hf-172.....................................  7.3E+04
Hf-175.....................................  3.0E+06
Hf-178m....................................  8.7E+03
Hf-181.....................................  3.4E+02
Hf-182.....................................  7.5E+03
Lu-173.....................................  1.8E+06
Lu-174.....................................  9.3E+05
Lu-174m....................................  1.0E+06
Lu-177m....................................  5.8E+01
Ta-179.....................................  9.3E+06
Ta-182.....................................  7.3E+01
W-181......................................  1.0E+03
W-185......................................  3.9E+06
W-188......................................  6.3E+04
Re-183.....................................  5.3E+02
Re-184.....................................  2.6E+02
Re-184m....................................  1.5E+02
Re-186m....................................  3.4E+05
Os-185.....................................  1.3E+02
Os-194.....................................  6.4E+04
Ir-192.....................................  1.3E+02
Ir-192m....................................  1.4E+05
Ir-194m....................................  2.7E+01
Pt-193.....................................  8.7E+07
Hg-194.....................................  5.2E+04
Hg-203.....................................  4.9E+02
Au-195.....................................  4.8E+02
Pb-202.....................................  1.9E+05
Pb-205.....................................  9.0E+01
Pb-210.....................................  9.2E+01
Tl-204.....................................  2.2E+04
Bi-207.....................................  1.7E+01
Bi-208.....................................  1.5E+01
Bi-210m....................................  1.2E+03
Po-209.....................................  6.3E+03
Po-210.....................................  1.2E+03
Ra-226.....................................  2.2E+02
Ra-228.....................................  1.5E+03
Ac-227.....................................  4.2E+00
Th-228.....................................  8.4E+01
Th-229.....................................  3.1E+01
Th-230.....................................  5.4E+00
Th-232.....................................  9.3E+01
Pa-231.....................................  3.0E+01
U-232......................................  1.0E+02
U-233......................................  3.9E+02
U-234......................................  2.9E+02
U-235......................................  6.7E+01
U-236......................................  3.1E+02
U-238......................................  3.5E+02
Np-235.....................................  1.1E+02
Np-236.....................................  2.1E+01
Np-237.....................................  4.9E+01
Pu-236.....................................  2.0E+02
Pu-237.....................................  3.3E+02
Pu-238.....................................  9.0E+01
Pu-239.....................................  8.4E+01
Pu-240.....................................  8.4E+01
Pu-241.....................................  4.6E+03
Pu-242.....................................  8.7E+01
Pu-244.....................................  9.0E+01
Am-241.....................................  7.2E+01
Am-242m....................................  1.1E+02
Am-243.....................................  7.3E+01
Cm-241.....................................  1.0E+05
Cm-242.....................................  6.2E+02
Cm-243.....................................  4.8E+01
Cm-244.....................................  1.5E+02
Cm-245.....................................  5.0E+01
Cm-246.....................................  1.0E+02
Cm-247.....................................  8.5E+01
Cm-248.....................................  2.8E+01
Cm-250.....................................  5.4E+00
Bk-247.....................................  6.0E+01
Bk-249.....................................  2.7E+04
Cf-248.....................................  4.4E+02
Cf-249.....................................  5.5E+01
Cf-250.....................................  1.2E+02
Cf-251.....................................  5.3E+01
Cf-252.....................................  5.2E+00
Cf-254.....................................  1.2E+02
Es-254.....................................  6.3E+01
Es-255.....................................  8.8E+03
Fm-257.....................................  5.1E+02
Md-258.....................................  6.1E+02
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Any alpha emitting radionuclide not listed above and mixtures of 
alpha emitters of unknown composition have a value of 10 [mu]Ci.
    Except as discussed below, any radionuclide other than alpha 
emitting radionuclides not listed above and mixtures of beta 
emitters of unknown composition have a value of 100 [mu]Ci.
    Any type of tritiated particulate or organically-bound tritiated 
compound has a value of 10 Ci.

    Note: Where there is involved a combination of radionuclides in 
known amounts, derive the value for the combination as follows: 
determine, for each radionuclide in the combination, the ratio 
between the quantity present in the combination and the value 
otherwise established for the specific radionuclide when not in 
combination. If the sum of such ratios for all radionuclides in the 
combination exceeds unity (1), then the accountability criterion has 
been exceeded.


[FR Doc. 06-6579 Filed 8-9-06; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P