[Federal Register Volume 70, Number 200 (Tuesday, October 18, 2005)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 60608-60656]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 05-20145]



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Part II





Department of the Interior





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Fish and Wildlife Service



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50 CFR Part 17



Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposed Designation of 
Critical Habitat for the Alameda Whipsnake; Proposed Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 200 / Tuesday, October 18, 2005 / 
Proposed Rules  

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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Fish and Wildlife Service

50 CFR Part 17

RIN 1018-AT93


Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposed 
Designation of Critical Habitat for the Alameda Whipsnake

AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), propose to 
designate critical habitat for the Alameda whipsnake (Masticophis 
lateralis euryxanthus) pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973, 
as amended (Act). In total, approximately 203,342 acres (ac) (82,289 
hectares (ha)) fall within the boundaries of the proposed critical 
habitat designation. The proposed critical habitat is located in Contra 
Costa, Alameda, San Joaquin, and Santa Clara counties, California.

DATES: We will accept comments from all interested parties until 
December 19, 2005. We must receive requests for public hearings, in 
writing, at the address shown in the ADDRESSES section by December 2, 
2005.

ADDRESSES: If you wish to comment, you may submit your comments and 
materials concerning this proposal by any one of several methods:
    1. You may submit written comments and information to Wayne White, 
Field Supervisor, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sacramento Fish and 
Wildlife Office, 2800 Cottage Way, Room 2605, Sacramento, California 
95825-1846.
    2. You may hand-deliver written comments to our Sacramento Fish and 
Wildlife Office, at the above address.
    3. You may send comments by electronic mail (e-mail) to [email protected]. Please see the Public Comments Solicited section 
below for file format and other information about electronic filing.
    4. You may fax your comments to Wayne White, Field Supervisor, 
Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office at (916) 414-6712.
    Comments and materials received, as well as supporting 
documentation used in the preparation of this proposed rule, will be 
available for public inspection, by appointment, during normal business 
hours at the Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office, 2800 Cottage Way, 
Room 2605, Sacramento, California 95825-1846 (telephone (916) 414-
6600).

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Arnold Roessler, Listing Branch Chief, 
Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office, at the address or telephone number 
above.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Public Comments Solicited

    We intend that any final action resulting from this proposal will 
be as accurate and as effective as possible. Therefore, comments or 
suggestions from the public, other concerned governmental agencies, the 
scientific community, industry, or any other interested party 
concerning this proposed rule are hereby solicited. Comments 
particularly are sought concerning:
    (1) The reasons any habitat should or should not be determined to 
be critical habitat as provided by section 4 of the Act, including 
whether the benefit of designation will outweigh any threats to the 
subspecies due to designation;
    (2) Specific information on the amount and distribution of Alameda 
whipsnake habitat and occurrence records, and what habitat features are 
essential to the conservation of the subspecies and why;
    (3) Land use designations and current or planned activities in the 
subject areas and their possible impacts on proposed critical habitat;
    (4) Information regarding the benefits of excluding specific lands 
from, or including specific lands in, the designation of critical 
habitat including but not limited to, State lands contained within the 
Mount Diablo State Park in Contra Costa County; Department of Energy 
lands in Alameda and San Joaquin Counties; and Bureau of Land 
Management lands within Contra Costa County, including specific 
information about existing management plans in place for these lands, 
and the provisions of such plans for the conservation of the Alameda 
whipsnake and its habitat;
    (5) Any foreseeable economic, national security, or other potential 
impacts resulting from the proposed and/or final designation of 
critical habitat and, in particular, any impacts on small entities; and
    (6) Whether our approach to designating critical habitat could be 
improved or modified in any way to provide for greater public 
participation and understanding, or to assist us in accommodating 
public concerns and comments.
    If you wish to comment, you may submit your comments and materials 
concerning this proposal by any one of several methods (see ADDRESSES 
section). Please submit Internet comments to [email protected] 
in ASCII file format and avoid the use of special characters or any 
form of encryption. Please also include ``Attn: Alameda whipsnake'' in 
your e-mail subject header and your name and return address in the body 
of your message. If you do not receive a confirmation from the system 
that we have received your Internet message, contact us directly by 
calling our Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office at (916) 414-6600. 
Please note that the Internet address ([email protected]) will 
be closed out at the termination of the public comment period.
    Our practice is to make comments, including names and home 
addresses of respondents, available for public review during regular 
business hours. Individual respondents may request that we withhold 
their home addresses from the rulemaking record, which we will honor to 
the extent allowable by law. There also may be circumstances in which 
we would withhold from the rulemaking record a respondent's identity, 
as allowable by law. If you wish us to withhold your name and/or 
address, you must state this prominently at the beginning of your 
comment. However, we will not consider anonymous comments. We will make 
all submissions from organizations or businesses, and from individuals 
identifying themselves as representatives or officials of organizations 
or businesses, available for public inspection in their entirety. 
Comments and materials received will be available for public 
inspection, by appointment, during normal business hours at the 
Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office (see ADDRESSES).

Designation of Critical Habitat Provides Little Additional Protection 
to Species

    In 30 years of implementing the Act, the Service has found that the 
designation of statutory critical habitat provides little additional 
protection to most listed species, while consuming significant amounts 
of available conservation resources. The Service's present system for 
designating critical habitat has evolved since its original statutory 
prescription into a process that provides little real conservation 
benefit, is driven by litigation and the courts rather than biology, 
limits our ability to fully evaluate the science involved, consumes 
enormous agency resources, and imposes huge social and economic costs). 
The Service believes that additional agency discretion would allow our 
focus to return to those actions that provide the greatest benefit to 
the species most in need of protection.

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Role of Critical Habitat in Actual Practice of Administering and 
Implementing the Act

    While attention to and protection of habitat is paramount to 
successful conservation actions, we have consistently found that, in 
most circumstances, the designation of critical habitat is of little 
additional value for most listed species, yet it consumes large amounts 
of conservation resources. Sidle (1987) stated, ``Because the Act can 
protect species with and without critical habitat designation, critical 
habitat designation may be redundant to the other consultation 
requirements of section 7.'' Currently, only 466 species or 37 percent 
of the 1,268 listed species in the United States under the jurisdiction 
of the Service have designated critical habitat.
    We address the habitat needs of all 1,268 listed species through 
conservation mechanisms such as listing, section 7 consultations, the 
section 4 recovery planning process, the section 9 protective 
prohibitions of unauthorized take, section 6 funding to the States, and 
the section 10 incidental take permit process. The Service believes 
that it is these measures that may make the difference between 
extinction and survival for many species.
    We note, however, that two courts found our definition of adverse 
modification to be invalid (March 15, 2001, decision of the United 
States Court Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, Sierra Club v. U.S. Fish 
and Wildlife Service et al., F.3d 434 and the August 6, 2004, Ninth 
Circuit judicial opinion, Gifford Pinchot Task Force v. United State 
Fish and Wildlife Service). In response to these decisions, we are 
reviewing the regulatory definition of adverse modification in relation 
to the conservation of the species.

Procedural and Resource Difficulties in Designating Critical Habitat

    We have been inundated with lawsuits for our failure to designate 
critical habitat, and we face a growing number of lawsuits challenging 
critical habitat determinations once they are made. These lawsuits have 
subjected the Service to an ever-increasing series of court orders and 
court-approved settlement agreements, compliance with which now 
consumes nearly the entire listing program budget. This leaves the 
Service with little ability to prioritize its activities to direct 
scarce listing resources to the listing program actions with the most 
biologically urgent species conservation needs.
    The consequence of the critical habitat litigation activity is that 
limited listing funds are used to defend active lawsuits, to respond to 
Notices of Intent to sue relative to critical habitat, and to comply 
with the growing number of adverse court orders. As a result, listing 
petition responses, the Service's own proposals to list critically 
imperiled species, and final listing determinations on existing 
proposals are all significantly delayed.
    The accelerated schedules of court ordered designations have left 
the Service with almost no ability to provide for adequate public 
participation or to ensure a defect-free rulemaking process before 
making decisions on listing and critical habitat proposals due to the 
risks associated with noncompliance with judicially-imposed deadlines. 
This in turn fosters a second round of litigation in which those who 
fear adverse impacts from critical habitat designations challenge those 
designations. The cycle of litigation appears endless, is very 
expensive, and in the final analysis provides relatively little 
additional protection to listed species.
    The costs resulting from the designation include legal costs, the 
cost of preparation and publication of the designation, the analysis of 
the economic effects and the cost of requesting and responding to 
public comment, and in some cases the costs of compliance with the 
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4321-4347). None of 
these costs result in any benefit to the species that is not already 
afforded by the protections of the Act enumerated earlier, and they 
directly reduce the funds available for direct and tangible 
conservation actions.

Background

Subspecies Description

    The Alameda whipsnake is a member of the family Colubridae 
(Stebbins 1985), and one of two subspecies of Masticophis lateralis. 
The Alameda whipsnake is a slender, fast-moving, diurnally active snake 
with a slender neck, broad head, and large eyes. Alameda whipsnakes 
range from 3 to 4 feet (ft) (91 to 122 centimeters (cm)) in length. The 
Alameda whipsnake is distinguished from the more common chaparral 
whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis lateralis) by a sooty black back area, 
wider yellow-orange stripes that run laterally down each side, the lack 
of a dark line across the scale near the tip of the nose, an 
uninterrupted light stripe between the tip of the nose and eye, and the 
virtual absence of spotting on the underside of the head and neck. For 
more information on the Alameda whipsnake, refer to the final listing 
rule and previous final critical habitat designation published in the 
Federal Register on December 5, 1997 (62 FR 64306), and October 3, 2000 
(65 FR 58933), respectively.

Life History

    Members of the genus Masticophis are slender, fast-moving, diurnal 
snakes with a broad head, large eyes, and slender neck. When hunting, 
these snakes commonly move with the head held high and occasionally 
move it from side to side, possibly to aid in depth perception. Prey is 
seized with great speed, pinioned under loops of the body, and engulfed 
without constriction. The Alameda whipsnake is a lizard-eating 
specialist, although its diet may include other prey (e.g.), 
rattlesnakes and nesting birds) depending on an individual's size, sex, 
age, and location. These snakes are good climbers that can escape into 
scrub or trees. Additionally, they seek shelter in rock piles, 
outcrops, or small mammal burrows (Stebbins 1985).
    In a study of the thermal responses of the Alameda whipsnake, 
Hammerson (1979) observed that snakes emerged from burrows in the 
morning with a low body temperature, often exposing just the head 
first, then basking in full or partial sun until they reached a body 
temperature of 91.4 to 93.4 degrees Fahrenheit (33.0 to 34.1 degrees 
Celsius). Alameda whipsnakes maintained a high body temperature 
(compared to other snakes) during the day, and retreated to burrows 
when soil surface temperatures began to fall. Alameda whipsnakes have a 
higher degree of body temperature stability than other snakes (Swaim 
1994). Alameda whipsnakes maintain this high, stable body temperature 
by using open and partially open and or low growing shrub communities 
that provide cover from predators. Alameda whipsnakes require a mosaic 
of sunny and shady areas to regulate their body temperature.
    Swaim (1994) used trapping and radio telemetry to study several 
aspects of Alameda whipsnake life history at multiple sites in Alameda 
and Contra Costa counties. Adult snakes had a bimodal seasonal activity 
pattern with peaks during the spring mating season and a smaller peak 
during late summer and early fall. Although short, above-ground 
movements may occur during the winter, Alameda whipsnakes generally 
retreat in November into a hibernaculum (i.e.), a protective site where 
the snakes remain over the

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winter) and emerge in March. Courtship and mating were observed from 
late March through mid-June. During this time males move around 
throughout their home ranges, but females appear to remain at or near 
their hibernacula where mating occurs. The home range of a male Alameda 
whipsnake ranged from 4.7 to 21.5 ac (1.9 to 8.7 ha) in size (mean of 
13.6 ac (5.5 ha), n = 4), and showed a high degree of spatial overlap. 
Suspected egg-laying sites for two female snakes were located in 
grassland with scattered shrub habitat. Similarly, recent trapping 
studies have documented captures of spent females (i.e., 
morphologically identifiable as having recently laid eggs) within scrub 
communities (Swaim 2002a), suggesting that these areas are in close 
association with egg-laying sites. Typically, clutches of 6 to 11 eggs 
are laid between May and July (Stebbins 1985), with young hatching and 
emerging in late summer to early fall (Swaim 1994). These hatchlings 
have been seen and captured above ground from August through November. 
Prey items were occasionally detected in the stomachs of captured 
hatchlings during this period, indicating that some hatchlings feed 
prior to winter hibernation.
    Three individual snakes monitored by Swaim (1994) for nearly an 
entire activity season appeared to maintain stable home ranges. 
Movements of these individuals were multi-directional and individual 
snakes returned to specific areas and retreat sites after long 
intervals of nonuse. Snakes had one or more core areas (i.e., areas of 
concentrated use) within their home range as described above, with 
large areas of the home range receiving little use.

Geographical Range

    The Alameda whipsnake currently inhabits the inner coast range 
mostly in Contra Costa and Alameda counties (Jennings 1983; McGinnis 
1992; Swaim 1994), with additional occurrence records in San Joaquin 
and Santa Clara counties (CNDDB 2005; Swaim 2004). Compared to the much 
more common chaparral whipsnake, the Alameda whipsnake subspecies 
historic range has always had a very restricted distribution. The 
subspecies historic range most likely included the entirety of the 
coastal scrub and oak woodland communities throughout the East Bay in 
Contra Costa, Alameda, and parts of San Joaquin and Santa Clara 
counties (McGinnis 1992). The current distribution of the subspecies 
has been reduced from the known historic range to five separate areas 
with little or no interchange due to habitat loss, alteration, and 
fragmentation. The five populations remain centered in: (1) Sobrante 
Ridge, Tilden/Wildcat Regional Parks to the Briones Hills, in Contra 
Costa County (Tilden-Briones population); (2) Oakland Hills, Anthony 
Chabot area to Las Trampas Ridge, in Contra Costa County (Oakland-Las 
Trampas population); (3) Hayward Hills, Palomares area to Pleasanton 
Ridge, in Alameda County (Hayward-Pleasanton Ridge population); (4) 
Mount Diablo vicinity and the Black Hills, in Contra Costa County 
(Mount Diablo-Black Hills population); and (5) Wauhab Ridge, Del Valle 
area to the Cedar Mountain Ridge, in (Sunol-Cedar Mountain population). 
For more information on the current distribution of the subspecies, 
refer to the Federal Register notices listing the species on December 
5, 1997 (62 FR 64306) and the previous designation of critical habitat 
on October 3, 2000 (65 FR 58933).

Habitat

    The distribution of the Alameda whipsnake coincides most closely 
with scrublands broken by grassy patches, and rocky hillsides (Stebbins 
1985). Recent telemetry data indicate that, although home ranges of 
Alameda whipsnakes are centered on scrub plant communities, Alameda 
whipsnakes frequently venture out into adjacent habitats, including 
grassland, oak savannah, and occasionally oak-bay woodland. The Alameda 
whipsnake occurs typically within a mosaic of habitat types containing 
scrub/shrub (chamise-redshank chaparral, mixed chaparral, coastal 
scrub) communities, with a significant component of annual grassland, 
as well as other wooded habitats such as blue oak-foothill pine, blue 
oak woodland, coastal oak woodland, valley oak woodland, and riparian 
communities (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995; Mayer and Laudenslayer 1988; 
CDFG 1998) or rock outcrops. Alameda whipsnakes exhibit a preference 
for open-canopy stands and habitats with woody debris and exposed rock 
outcrops because these habitats provide areas for basking, cover from 
predators, and an ample source of prey. Until recently, Alameda 
whipsnakes were most often found on southeast, south, and southwest 
facing slopes (McGinnis 1992; Swaim 1994). Swaim (1994) reported that 
Alameda whipsnakes have been shown to travel distances greater than 500 
ft (152.5 meters (m)) over grassland and other vegetation types and 
communities to exposed rock outcrops.
    However, additional study has established that concentrated 
activity and/or movement occurs on all slope aspects, including 
northern exposures, riparian areas (e.g. stream corridors), and through 
both open and closed canopy woodlands (Swaim 2000; Swaim 2002b; Swaim 
2004; Swaim 2005b-d). Recent data from incidental sighting on free-
ranging Alameda whipsnakes and recapture trapping surveys show regular 
use of habitats a distance of greater than 656 ft (200 m) from scrub 
and chaparral and include observations of Alameda whipsnakes up to 
23,950 yards (yd) (7,300 m) from scrub (Swaim 2003; Swaim 2004; Swaim 
2005b), and movement of marked snakes of several thousand feet (meters) 
(Swaim 2005c) in a matter of 4 to 10 days.
    Telemetry data indicate that Alameda whipsnakes remain in 
grasslands for periods of several hours to weeks at a time (Swaim 
1994). Grassland habitats are extensively used by male Alameda 
whipsnakes during the spring mating season. Female Alameda whipsnakes 
use grassland areas after mating, possibly in search of egg-laying 
sites.
    Rock outcrops are considered an important feature of Alameda 
whipsnake habitat because they provide shelter and potential 
hibernacula. Rock outcrops also support lizard populations. Lizards, 
especially the western fence lizard (Sceloporus occcidentalis), are a 
major prey item of Alameda whipsnakes (Stebbins 1985; Swaim 1994). Most 
telemetered locations of Alameda whipsnakes were within rock outcrops 
and talus.

Threats

    Current threats to Alameda whipsnake habitat are urban development 
and associated impacts that result from increased human population 
densities, fire suppression and resulting likelihood of catastrophic 
wildfires, increased predation pressure, and incompatible grazing 
practices. McGinnis (1992) identified the loss of large blocks of prime 
habitat due to relatively recent urban development as the principle 
reason for the decline in the subspecies. The central and western 
portions of Alameda and Contra Costa counties are highly urbanized and 
continue to be subjected to increased urbanization. Habitat 
fragmentation from urban development and associated infrastructure 
(e.g., highway and road construction) has led to isolation of the five 
populations by wholly preventing or severely reducing movement of 
individuals between each of the areas occupied by the five populations. 
Consequently, these activities have reduced the total amount of habitat 
available for the Alameda whipsnake.

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Previous Federal Action

    On December 5, 1997, we published a final rule listing the Alameda 
whipsnake as threatened (62 FR 64306). On October 3, 2000, we published 
a final rule designating critical habitat for the Alameda whipsnake 
within Alameda, Contra Costa, San Joaquin, and Santa Clara counties (65 
FR 58933).
    On June 7, 2001, the Home Builders Association of Northern 
California and others filed a lawsuit in the Eastern District of 
California against the Service, challenging the final designation of 
critical habitat for the Alameda whipsnake (Home Builders Association 
of Northern California, et al. v. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, et 
al., CV F 01-5722 AWI SMS). On May 9, 2003, the U.S. District Judge 
vacated and remanded the October 3, 2000, final rule designating 
critical habitat for the Alameda whipsnake. On January 14, 2004, the 
Service was ordered to complete and publish a proposed rule on critical 
habitat designation for the Alameda whipsnake no later than October 1, 
2005, and to complete and publish a final rule no later than October 1, 
2006. For more information on previous Federal actions concerning the 
Alameda whipsnake, refer to the final listing rule published in the 
Federal Register (62 FR 64306).

Critical Habitat

    Critical habitat is defined in section 3 of the Act as--(i) the 
specific areas within the geographical area occupied by a species, at 
the time it is listed in accordance with the Act, on which are found 
those physical or biological features (I) essential to the conservation 
of the species and (II) that may require special management 
considerations or protection; and (ii) specific areas outside the 
geographical area occupied by a species at the time it is listed, upon 
a determination that such areas are essential for the conservation of 
the species. ``Conservation'' means the use of all methods and 
procedures that are necessary to bring an endangered or a threatened 
species to the point at which listing under the Act is no longer 
necessary.
    Critical habitat receives protection under section 7 of the Act 
through the prohibition against destruction or adverse modification of 
critical habitat with regard to actions carried out, funded, or 
authorized by a Federal agency. Section 7 requires consultation on 
Federal actions that are likely to result in the destruction or adverse 
modification of critical habitat. The designation of critical habitat 
does not affect land ownership or establish a refuge, wilderness, 
reserve, preserve, or other conservation area. Such designation does 
not allow government or public access to private lands.
    To be included in a critical habitat designation, the habitat 
within the area occupied by the species at the time of listing must 
first have features that are ``essential to the conservation of the 
species.'' Critical habitat designations identify, to the extent known 
using the best scientific data available, habitat areas that provide 
essential life cycle needs of the species (i.e., areas on which are 
found the primary constituent elements (PCEs), as defined at 50 CFR 
424.12(b)).
    Habitat occupied at the time of listing may be included in critical 
habitat only if the essential features thereon may require special 
management or protection. Thus, we do not include areas where existing 
management is sufficient to conserve the species. (As discussed below, 
such areas may also be excluded from critical habitat pursuant to 
section 4(b)(2) of the Act.) Accordingly, when the best available 
scientific data do not demonstrate that the conservation needs of the 
species so require, we will not designate critical habitat in areas 
outside the geographical area occupied by the species at the time of 
listing. An area currently occupied by the species but was not known to 
be occupied at the time of listing will likely be essential to the 
conservation of the species and, therefore, included in the critical 
habitat designation.
    The Service's Policy on Information Standards Under the Act, 
published in the Federal Register on July 1, 1994 (59 FR 34271), and 
Section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act 
for Fiscal Year 2001 (Pub. L. 106-554; H.R. 5658) and the associated 
Information Quality Guidelines issued by the Service, provide criteria, 
establish procedures, and provide guidance to ensure that decisions 
made by the Service represent the best scientific data available. They 
require Service biologists, to the extent consistent with the Act and 
with the use of the best scientific data available, to use primary and 
original sources of information as the basis for recommendations to 
designate critical habitat. When determining which areas are critical 
habitat, a primary source of information is generally the listing 
package for the species. Additional information sources include the 
recovery plan for the species, articles in peer-reviewed journals, 
conservation plans developed by States and counties, scientific status 
surveys and studies, biological assessments, or other unpublished 
materials and expert opinion or personal knowledge. All information is 
used in accordance with the provisions of Section 515 of the Treasury 
and General Government Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (Pub. L. 
106-554; H.R. 5658) and the associated Information Quality Guidelines 
issued by the Service.
    Section 4 of the Act requires that we designate critical habitat on 
the basis of the best scientific data available. Habitat is often 
dynamic and may change over time due to vegetational succession, 
climate, or catastrophic events (e.g., fire, landslides). As a result 
of habitat change a species may move from one area to another over 
time. Furthermore, we recognize that designation of critical habitat 
may not include all of the habitat areas that may eventually be 
determined to be necessary for the recovery of the species. For these 
reasons, critical habitat designations do not signal that habitat 
outside the designation is unimportant or may not be required for 
recovery.
    Areas that support populations, but are outside the critical 
habitat designation, will continue to be subject to conservation 
actions implemented under section 7(a)(1) of the Act and to the 
regulatory protections afforded by the section 7(a)(2) jeopardy 
standard, as determined on the basis of the best available information 
at the time of the action. Federally funded or permitted projects 
affecting listed species outside their designated critical habitat 
areas may still result in jeopardy findings in some cases. Similarly, 
critical habitat designations made on the basis of the best available 
information at the time of designation will not control the direction 
and substance of future recovery plans, habitat conservation plans, or 
other species conservation planning efforts if new information 
available to these planning efforts calls for a different outcome.

Methods

    As required by section 4(b)(1)(A) of the Act, we use the best 
scientific data available in determining areas that contain the 
features that are essential to the conservation of the Alameda 
whipsnake, including information gathered for the Draft Recovery Plan, 
information from local subspecies experts, published and unpublished 
research papers (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles in the public 
domain), academic theses, abstracts of presentations at scientific 
meetings, notes from our attendance at such presentations, consultation 
with recognized experts in the field, and review of case studies of 
other critical habitat designations. We assembled the

[[Page 60612]]

best and most recently available information on soil, vegetation, 
Alameda whipsnake records, topography, urban development, road systems, 
and aerial imagery, into a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) 
database. We are not proposing to designate any areas as critical 
habitat that lie outside the geographical area presently occupied by 
the subspecies.
    We have also reviewed available information that pertains to the 
habitat requirements of this subspecies, including reports submitted 
during section 7 consultations and by biologists holding section 
10(a)(1)(A) recovery permits; research published in peer-reviewed 
articles and presented in academic theses and agency reports; and 
regional GIS coverages.
    As mentioned in the Habitat and Primary Constituent Elements 
sections, Alameda whipsnakes have the capability and need for long 
range movement. These movements are essential for establishment of home 
ranges, finding retreats, maintenance of gene flow, recolonization of 
habitat, relocation in response to disturbance, and finding mates. Such 
movements have been documented by observation of snake distance from 
scrub habitat (Swaim 2003) and tracking of snake movements (Swaim 2005 
b-d), and are well within the general range as exemplified by other 
snake species in the same family (Loughheed et al. 1999; Blouin-Demers 
and Weatherhead 2002). Habitat determined to be occupied included that 
habitat between recorded observations within the capable and necessary 
range of movement, which has relatively high quality habitat for the 
Alameda whipsnake, PCEs, and other factors (see Criteria for 
Identification of Critical Habitat, below). Only such occupied habitat 
has been considered in the designation of critical habitat for this 
subspecies. All proposed units were occupied at the time of listing and 
are currently occupied by the Alameda whipsnake.
    A GIS database was constructed to overlay key layers which served 
as indices of habitat quality. The critical habitat boundary was 
adjusted as warranted by major landforms and features (e.g., 
ridgelines, water courses), soils, development, distance from known 
records, and barriers to movement.
    We determined that soil type could be employed to distinguish those 
areas most likely to support Alameda whipsnake and/or its PCEs. To 
determine suitability, soils were ranked by the number of Alameda 
whipsnake records falling within individual soil types. We decided to 
map those soil layers with a minimum of three Alameda whipsnake 
records. Because of the inherent biases in Alameda whipsnake data 
collection techniques, we believe this criterion does not over-
represent areas with a single observation, nor under-represent those 
areas that had numerous records as a consequence of more frequent 
scientific study. The soil types associated with three or more Alameda 
whipsnake records included rock outcrop, wisflat-arburua-san timoteo 
complex, various types of loams, rocky loams, clay loams, and silt 
loams, and riverwash. Although rock outcrops and rocky soils accounted 
for a disproportionate number of Alameda whipsnake observations, 
multiple Alameda whipsnake records were also associated with other soil 
types. Many of the same soils associated with multiple Alameda 
whipsnake records are also associated strongly with chaparral or 
coastal scrub. Thus, soil type associated with multiple Alameda 
whipsnake records was considered a useful indicator of the presence of 
appropriate vegetation and rocky land or talus.
    Vegetation quality was evaluated by examining the distribution and 
pattern of the grassland and woodland vegetation types used by Alameda 
whipsnake. Two primary sources were used: (1) The GIS-based land-cover 
map for California (California GAP Analysis 1998), and (2) visual 
inspection of digital aerial imagery from several sources. The visual 
inspection was necessary because the mapping unit for the GAP is 
relative large (i.e., 100 ha) and because of a somewhat restrictive GAP 
mapping criterion (designations reflect a dominant canopy species, 
i.e., greater than 20 percent). In some cases, vegetation very similar 
in appearance to chaparral could be seen in the aerials but was not 
reported as dominant in the GAP layer. Much smaller amounts of 
chaparral are likely to be distributed more widely, but could not be 
detected with either the GAP or aerial imagery layers. In general, 
habitat quality was deemed to be higher where all PCEs were present in 
abundance, and where the vegetation consisted of a more finely 
dissected mosaic. Additionally, areas which had chaparral were 
considered of greater importance because of the stronger association of 
snake records with this vegetation type. Quantitative limits for 
average patch dimension and/or minimum amount of chaparral were not 
established due to the varying size of chaparral known to support the 
Alameda whipsnake.
    We also examined the digital imagery for roads, structures, 
cultivation, or other disturbances that would affect habitat quality 
for Alameda whipsnake. Some areas were not included as critical habitat 
because the level of such disturbance was determined to be high to 
support the Alameda whipsnake over time.

Criteria Used To Identify Critical Habitat

    The criteria we utilized to designate critical habitat for Alameda 
whipsnake are based on the best scientific information available about 
the biology and ecology of the subspecies. In our determination of 
critical habitat for the Alameda whipsnake, we selected areas that 
possess the physical and biological features essential to the 
conservation of the subspecies and that may require special management 
considerations or protection. Application of these criteria (1) 
protects the best quality habitat in areas where Alameda whipsnake 
occurs; (2) maintains the current geographical, elevational, and 
ecological distribution of habitat and the subspecies, thereby 
preserving genetic variation within the range of the Alameda whipsnake, 
and minimizing the effects of local extinction; (3) minimizes 
fragmentation by establishing unit boundaries that would result in the 
lowest possible ratio of perimeter/unit area, maintaining the essential 
need for snake movement, dispersal, and interaction within the 
population. The specific habitat quality factors that we considered in 
determining critical habitat included soil type, vegetation type, 
vegetation mosaic, and degree of included development (e.g., roads, 
structures).
    There is no firm information on the actual population of Alameda 
whipsnake within its range. In addition, there has been no analysis of 
the minimum viable population size necessary to maintain a stable or 
increasing population of Alameda whipsnake. However, expert opinion is 
that the subspecies persists in relatively low numbers throughout its 
range (McGinnis 1992). Moreover, irretrievable loss of occupied Alameda 
whipsnake habitat due to recent urban development is significant in 
areas adjacent to several of the proposed critical habitat units. This 
development has likely resulted in a commensurate reduction in 
population size for the Alameda whipsnake. Accordingly, the general 
pattern of habitat loss and fragmentation was taken into consideration 
in the designation of critical habitat.
    Connectivity has been applied as a criterion to those areas where 
designation would result in a relatively high potential for dispersal 
between and within units. The need for special

[[Page 60613]]

management considerations was applied where such management may be 
essential to enhance the connectivity or the integrity of high quality 
habitat within a unit.
    We are proposing to designate critical habitat on lands that we 
have determined are occupied at the time of listing and that contain 
the features found to be essential to the conservation of the Alameda 
whipsnake (PCEs). Within the boundaries of critical habitat, land that 
contains developed areas such as buildings, paved areas, and other 
structures has been excluded from this designation.
    Section 10(a)(1)(B) of the Act authorizes us to issue permits for 
the take of listed species incidental to otherwise lawful activities. 
An incidental take permit application must be supported by a habitat 
conservation plan (HCP) that identifies conservation measures that the 
permittee agrees to implement for the species to minimize and mitigate 
the impacts of the requested incidental take. We often exclude non-
Federal public lands and private lands that are covered by an existing 
operative HCP and executed implementation agreement (IA) under section 
10(a)(1)(B) of the Act from designated critical habitat because the 
benefits of exclusion outweigh the benefits of inclusion as discussed 
in section 4(b)(2) of the Act. We are proposing to exclude critical 
habitat from portions of Unit 4 based on the development of the draft 
East Contra Costa County HCP and lands within the East Bay Regional 
Park District. See Relationship of Critical Habitat to the Draft East 
Contra Costa County Habitat Conservation Plan (ECCHCP) below.

Primary Constituent Elements

    In accordance with section 3(5)(A)(i) of the Act and regulations at 
50 CFR 424.12, in determining which areas to propose as critical 
habitat, we are required to base critical habitat determinations on the 
best scientific data available and to consider those physical and 
biological features (PCEs) that are essential to the conservation of 
the species, and that may require special management considerations and 
protection. These include, but are not limited to: space for individual 
and population growth and for normal behavior; food, water, air, light, 
minerals, or other nutritional or physiological requirements; cover or 
shelter; sites for breeding, reproduction, and rearing (or development) 
of offspring; and habitats that are protected from disturbance or are 
representative of the historic geographical and ecological 
distributions of a species. The specific PCEs essential for the 
conservation of the Alameda whipsnake are derived from the biological 
and ecological needs of the Alameda whipsnake as described in the 
Background section of this proposal and in previous listing and 
critical habitat rules for the species, as well as derived from the 
abiotic and biotic needs of the species as described below.
    The specific feeding and foraging habits of Alameda whipsnake are 
relatively well known (Stebbins 1985; Swaim 1994; Green 1998). Alameda 
whipsnake prey extensively on western fence lizards (Sceloporus 
occidentalis), but also have been known to prey on western skinks 
(Eumeces skiltonianus), as well as frogs, birds, and other snakes 
(Stebbins 1985; Swaim 1994). Its specialization on lizard prey and mode 
of foraging require areas that both support abundant prey populations 
and provide prey-viewing and capture opportunities. The Alameda 
whipsnake is most frequently recorded in close association with 
chaparral or scrub patches. These patches serve as the center of home 
ranges, and provide for concealment from predators and prey-viewing 
opportunities while foraging. Snakes venture into adjacent grasslands 
or wooded habitats that exhibit, at a minimum, a partially open canopy. 
The open canopy character is believed to allow both development of the 
primary lizard prey base used by the snake, and efficient 
thermoregulation and foraging activities. The Alameda whipsnake hunts 
by sight, holding its head off the ground to peer over grass or rocks 
for potential prey capture opportunities. Essential features of Alameda 
whipsnake habitat must therefore include consideration of the habitat 
needs of the prey species and for prey captures. Such opportunities, as 
well as the prey base, are provided for by what is termed a ``scrub 
community.'' The particular arrangement of the landscape mosaic that 
supports Alameda whipsnake commonly consists of scrub patches within an 
open canopy of interspersed grasslands and rocklands, but may include 
closed or nearly closed scrub areas, including rocklands, and a much 
lower complement of grasses. Typical scrub communities within the range 
of the Alameda whipsnake include diablan sage scrub, coyote bush scrub, 
and chamise chaparral (Swaim 1994), also classified as coastal scrub, 
mixed chaparral, and chamise-chaparral (Mayer and Laudenslayer 1998), 
and chamise, chamise-eastwood manzanita, chaparral whitethorn, and 
interior live oak shrub vegetation series as identified in the Manual 
of California Vegetation (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995), A Guide to 
Wildlife Habitats of California (Mayer and Laudenslayer 1988), and 
California Wildlife Habitat Relationship System (CDFG 1998). These 
vegetation series are characterized as being less than 20 ft (6 m) in 
height with sparse ground cover (the interior live oak shrub vegetation 
series having variable ground cover) and form a nearly continuous cover 
of closely spaced shrubs often with intertwining branches. Sufficient 
light penetrates through the canopy to support a herbaceous understory. 
The soils are usually nutrient poor and rocky, and stands are best 
developed on steep slopes. Because of complex patterns of topographic, 
edaphic, and climatic variations, these vegetation series form a mosaic 
pattern with inclusions of other vegetation series (blue oak, coast 
live oak, California Bay, California buckeye, California annual 
grassland) or open spaces. The percentage cover for these vegetation 
series is variable depending on species composition and aspect. Bare 
zones about 3 ft (1 m) wide may be interspersed within these vegetation 
series and extend around and out into adjacent vegetation series. These 
vegetation series occur on all slope aspects with patch sizes varying 
from square feet (meters) to square miles (kilometers) in dimension. 
The plant species associated with these vegetation series include, but 
are not limited to: chamise (Adenostoma sp.), manzanita (Artostaphylos 
sp.), Ceanothus sp., buckwheat (Eriogonum sp.), bush monkey flower 
(Diplacus sp.), toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia), scrub oak (Quercus 
sp.), interior live oak (Q. wislizenii), canyon live oak (Q. 
chrysolepis), California coffeberry Rhamnus sp.), California buckeye 
(Aesculus californica), poison oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum), yerba 
santa (Eriodictyon californicum), and mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus 
sp.).
    Swaim (1994) found that core areas (i.e., areas of concentrated use 
by Alameda whipsnakes, based on telemetry and trapping data) were 
predominantly located on east, southeast, south, or southwest facing 
slopes and were characterized by open or partially-open canopy or 
grassland within 500 ft (150 m) of scrub. In early studies, Alameda 
whipsnakes were captured primarily where the canopy cover was open 
(less than 75 percent cover) or partially open (75 to 90 percent 
cover). However, more recent trapping efforts have collected Alameda 
whipsnakes in scrub ranging from nearly complete or completely closed 
canopies, to very open canopies with a

[[Page 60614]]

few patches of high quality scrub present (Swaim 2005b). These core 
areas provide sun-shade mosaics that offer an opportunity for the snake 
to achieve temperatures necessary for foraging, while providing retreat 
from predators (Swaim 1994). The open scrub habitat supports prey 
viewing opportunities, aiding foraging opportunities for this diurnal 
sight-hunting snake (Swaim 1994). As previously mentioned, capture of 
spent females within scrub communities (Swaim 2002a) indicates scrub 
areas are in very close association with egg-laying sites, probably 
located in nearby grassland. Because they provide the primary foraging, 
breeding, and shelter areas for Alameda whipsnake, scrub communities 
are considered a PCE essential to the conservation of this subspecies.
    Although much of Alameda whipsnake activity occurs in scrub 
communities, other types of vegetation are also used for foraging and 
are necessary for normal behavior, breeding, reproduction, population 
interaction, and dispersal. Core areas used by the snake can be 
sustained by very small patches of scrub embedded within a larger 
mosaic of other dominant vegetation types (Swaim 2005b). Our review of 
available vegetation data and aerial imagery indicate that much of the 
distribution of Alameda whipsnake does not consist of large unbroken 
tracts of scrub community. The vegetation types adjacent to the scrub 
habitat that the Alameda whipsnake needs for foraging, dispersal, and 
population interactions include annual grassland, blue oak-foothill 
pine, blue oak woodland, coastal oak woodland, valley oak woodland, 
eucalyptus, redwood, and riparian communities (e.g. stream corridors). 
McGinnis (1992) has documented Alameda whipsnakes using oak woodland/
grassland habitat as a corridor between stands of northern coastal 
scrub.
    Grassland habitats are used extensively by both sexes of Alameda 
whipsnake during the breeding season. Males used these areas most 
extensively during the spring mating season, possibly in search and 
selection of mates (Swaim 1994). Female use occurred after mating, 
possibly looking for egg laying sites or for dispersal to scrub habitat 
(Swaim 1994, Swaim 2002a). Specifically, concentrated activity of 
gravid females, and hence the suspected location of egg laying sites, 
was in grassland areas with scattered shrubs within 10 to 20 ft (3 to 6 
m) of true scrub habitat (Swaim 1994).
    Embedded within these scrub communities and adjacent habitats are 
areas consisting of rocky habitat (either rock outcrops or rock debris 
piles, known as ``talus'') and small rodent burrows; however, brush 
piles and deep soil crevices are also used by the snake (Swaim 1994). 
These areas are essential for normal behavior, breeding, reproduction, 
dispersal, and foraging because they provide shelter from predators, 
egg laying sites, over night retreats, and winter hibernacula (Swaim 
1994) and are associated with areas that have increased numbers of 
foraging opportunities (Stebbins 1985; Swaim 1994). Swaim (1994) found 
rock outcrops were typically abundant in core areas and observed 
Alameda whipsnakes mating in these outcrops. During the mating season 
females remain near the retreat sites while males disperse throughout 
their home ranges (Swaim 1994). Hammerson (1979 in litt.) observed 
Alameda whipsnake emerging from burrows in the morning, basking in the 
sun, and retreating into burrows when the soil surface temperatures 
began to fall. Alameda whipsnakes retreat into winter hibernacula (e.g. 
rodent burrows, crevices between rocks) around November and emerge in 
March. Trapping of gravid females close to scrub communities in 
grassland with scattered shrubs (Swaim 1994) and spent females in true 
scrub communities (Swaim 2002a) suggests that rock outcrops, talus, and 
burrows (mating habitats) need to be relatively close to scrub and 
nearby grassland habitat (suspected egg laying habitats).
    Dispersal habitats are essential for the conservation of Alameda 
whipsnake. Protecting the ability of Alameda whipsnake to move freely 
across the landscape in search of habitats is essential for: (1) 
Sustaining populations by providing opportunity for movement and 
establishment of home ranges by juvenile recruits, (2) maintaining gene 
flow by the movement of both juveniles and adults between 
subpopulations, and (3) allowing recolonization of habitat after fires 
or other natural events that have resulted in local extirpations. The 
available information on movements of other colubrid snakes is limited 
to a small minority of species, but indicates a general potential for 
significant mobility. Loughheed et al. (1999) found evidence of 
substantial genetic exchange among local hibernacula greater than 3.75 
miles (6 km) apart, although gene flow over distances of 6.25 miles (10 
km) and greater appears to be substantially less. Based on extensive 
radio-tracking data, Blouin-Demers and Weatherhead (2002) found that 
male and female ratsnake (Elaphe obsolete) (a species similar in size 
and characteristics to the Alameda whipsnake) travel up to 5 miles (8 
km) from hibernacula to mate. Therefore, it is likely that medium-sized 
species of this group, such as the Alameda whipsnake, move between 
areas up to a few miles apart. This is consistent with the distribution 
of vegetation types in portions of the Alameda whipsnake range, where 
the vegetation often has more dense closed canopy on the northeast-
facing slopes, and less dense open canopy on southwest-facing slopes. 
Very recent trapping data has shown several instances of snakes 
residing in and moving through predominantly north-facing slopes in two 
of the six proposed units (Swaim 2005c, Swaim 2005d). Habitat with a 
more open canopy would provide the greatest range of essential 
functions. However closed-canopy areas are considered essential because 
they provide avenues of dispersal and interaction between sub-
populations, and movement through such closed-canopy areas has been 
documented (Swaim 2002b).
    Additional trapping data has shown the maximum distance between 
Alameda whipsnake observations from the nearest scrub is much larger, 
up to 4.5 miles (7.3 km), than either the home range diameter or 
average movements, suggesting more extensive use of grassland for 
either foraging or corridor movement (Swaim 2000; Swaim 2003; Swaim 
2005b). The scale of these grassland patches is on the order of several 
miles (kilometers) across, and movement of this degree would permit 
Alameda whipsnakes to disperse to other adjacent habitat. Large blocks 
of contiguous habitat, relatively uninterrupted by roads, structures, 
or other development, fulfills the essential need for interchange and 
interaction among individuals and subpopulations within the limited 
distribution of Alameda whipsnake. Thus, other vegetation (e.g., annual 
grassland, blue oak-foothill pine, blue oak woodland, coastal oak 
woodland, valley oak woodland, eucalyptus, redwood, and riparian 
communities) adjacent to scrub habitat is considered a feature 
essential to the conservation of the Alameda whipsnake.
    The characteristics and composition of the vegetation series 
adjacent to scrub or rocky habitats which are used by Alameda whipsnake 
for foraging, short and long distant dispersal, and mating can be 
variable depending on location, topography, soils, and rainfall. The 
woodland vegetation series are comprised of slow growing, long-lived 
deciduous and evergreen trees 15 to 70 ft (4 to 21 m) tall with a mixed

[[Page 60615]]

understory of grass and herbaceous vegetation or shrub vegetation. Some 
common species associated with the woodland vegetation series include: 
blue oak (Quercus douglassi), valley oak (Quercus lobata), canyon live 
oak, California black oak (Quercus kellogi), interior live oak, madrone 
(Arbutus menziesii), foothill pine (Pinus sabatiana), California bay, 
California buckeye, coyote brush, manzanita, gooseberry (Ribes sp.), 
redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), and Eucalyptus sp. Some common species 
associated with the California annual grassland vegetation series 
include: wild oats (Avena sp.), soft chess (Bromus mollis), brome sp., 
barley (Hordeum sp.), and fescue (Festuca sp.). Some remnant perennial 
grasses may also be distributed within this grassland vegetation series 
comprised of species such as needlegrass (Nassella sp.), California 
onion grass (Melica californica), and California fescue (Festuca 
californica). Herbaceous vegetation within the woodland and grassland 
vegetation series includes filaree sp., turkey mullein (Eremocarpus 
sp.), popcorn flower (Plagiobothrys sp.), and California poppy 
(Eschscholtzia california).

Primary Constituent Elements for the Alameda Whipsnake

    Based on our current knowledge of the life history, biology, and 
ecology of the Alameda whipsnake and the requirements of the habitat 
necessary to sustain the essential life history functions of the 
subspecies, we have determined that the primary constituent elements 
for the Alameda whipsnake are:
    (1) Scrub/shrub communities with a mosaic of open and closed 
canopy: Scrub/shrub vegetation dominated by low to medium-stature woody 
shrubs with a mosaic of open and closed canopy as characterized by the 
chamise, chamise-eastwood manzanita, chaparral whitethorn, and interior 
live oak shrub vegetation series as identified in the Manual of 
California Vegetation (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995), A Guide to 
Wildlife Habitats of California (Mayer and Laudenslayer 1988), and 
California Wildlife Habitat Relationship System (CDFG 1998), occurring 
at elevations from sea level to approximately 3,850 ft (1,170 m). Such 
scrub/shrub vegetation within these series form a pattern of open and 
closed canopy which is used by the Alameda whipsnake to provide shelter 
from predators, temperature regulation by providing sunny and shady 
locations, prey-viewing opportunities, and nesting habitat and 
substrate. These features contribute to support a prey base consisting 
of western fence lizards and other prey species such as skinks, frogs, 
snakes, and birds.
    (2) Woodland or annual grassland plant communities contiguous to 
lands containing PCE 1: Woodland or annual grassland vegetation series 
comprised of one or more of the following: blue oak, coast live oak 
(Quercus sp.), California bay (Umbellularia californica), California 
buckeye, and California annual grassland vegetation series (as 
identified in the Manual of California Vegetation (Sawyer and Keeler-
Wolf 1995), A Guide to Wildlife Habitats of California (Mayer and 
Laudenslayer 1988), and California Wildlife Habitat Relationship System 
(CDFG 1998)) are PCE 2. This mosaic of vegetation supports a prey base 
consisting of western fence lizards and other prey species such as 
skinks, frogs, snakes, and birds and provides opportunities for: (1) 
Foraging by allowing snakes to come in contact with and visualize, 
track, and capture prey (especially western fence lizards along with 
other prey such as skinks, frogs, birds); (2) short and long distance 
dispersal within, between, or to adjacent to areas containing essential 
features (i.e., PCE 1 or PCE 3); and (3) contact with other Alameda 
whipsnakes for mating and reproduction.
    (3) Lands containing rock outcrops, talus, and small mammal 
burrows. These areas are used for retreats (shelter), hibernacula, 
foraging, dispersal, and provide additional prey population support 
functions.

Special Management Considerations or Protections

    When designating critical habitat, we assess whether the features 
essential to the conservation of the whipsnake that have been 
identified as PCEs that may require special management considerations 
or protections. Special management is required when threats to the 
species and features essential to its conservation exist and must be 
reduced by management to conserve the species. The greatest threat to 
all six units is continued urban development, which destroys and 
fragments the features essential to the conservation of the subspecies 
and thus the habitat used by the Alameda whipsnake. Second, 
fragmentation and destruction of features essential to the conservation 
of the subspecies and thus the habitat also results from road 
development and widening in all six units. Third, the features 
essential to the conservation of the subspecies are threatened directly 
and indirectly by the effects of fire suppression. Fire suppression 
exacerbates the effects of wildfires through the buildup of fuel (i.e., 
underbrush and woody debris), creating conditions for slow-moving, hot 
fires that completely burn all sources of cover for the Alameda 
whipsnake. Highest intensity fires occur in the summer and early fall, 
when accumulated fuel is abundant and dry. During this period, 
hatchling and adult Alameda whipsnakes are aboveground (Swaim 1994), 
resulting in populations being more likely to sustain heavy losses from 
fires. Fire suppression has led to the encroachment of non-indigenous 
and ornamental trees into grassland habitats, further increasing 
flammable fuel loads in and around Alameda whipsnake habitat. Fire 
suppression has also lead to the change of scrub communities from open/
closed mosaics to closed canopy stands. As described above, Alameda 
whipsnakes prefer scrub communities consisting of an open/closed 
mosaic. The closed scrub canopy also results in a buildup of flammable 
fuels over time (Parker 1987). Special management would be required to 
properly manage fuel load and prevent catastrophic fire within the six 
units.
    Finally, the features essential to the conservation of the 
subspecies and thus the habitat within all six units are subject to 
increased predatory pressure from introduced species, such as rats 
(Rattus spp.), feral pigs (Sus scrofa), and feral and domestic cats 
(Felis domestica) and dogs (Canis familiaris). These additional threats 
become particularly acute where urban development immediately abuts 
Alameda whipsnake habitat. A growing movement to maintain feral cats in 
parklands is an additional potential threat to the Alameda whipsnake. 
The East Bay Regional Park District (EBRP) is currently facing public 
pressure to allow private individuals to maintain feral cats on park 
lands (DelVecchio 1997). Although the actual impact of predation under 
such situations has not been studied, feral cats are known to prey on 
reptiles, including yellow racers (Coluber sp. (Hubbs 1951)), a fast, 
diurnal snake closely related to the Alameda whipsnake (Stebbins 1985). 
Alameda whipsnakes may be adversely affected in areas that lie adjacent 
to urban development because of the associated loss of cover habitats 
in combination with increased native and nonnative predators using 
these areas. Special management of nonnative predators would be 
required within all six units.

[[Page 60616]]

Proposed Critical Habitat Designation

    We are proposing six units as critical habitat for the Alameda 
whipsnake. The critical habitat areas described below constitute our 
assessment of areas that have been determined to be occupied at the 
time of listing, that contain the PCEs, and that may require special 
management. The six areas proposed for designation as critical habitat 
for the Alameda whipsnake are described below.
    Table 1 below provides the approximate area (ac/ha) determined to 
be essential to the Alameda whipsnake and the area proposed for 
exclusion from the final critical habitat designation by unit.

 Table 1.--Areas With Essential Features for the Alameda Whipsnake and the Area Proposed for Exclusion From the
                                       Final Critical Habitat Designation.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                    Area with essential      Area Proposed for
                                                                         features           exclusion from the
                                                                 ------------------------ Final Critical Habitat
                              Unit                                                              Designation
                                                                      ac          ha     -----------------------
                                                                                              ac          ha
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1...............................................................      34,119      13,808       8,108       3,281
2...............................................................      24,524       9,925       4,408       1,784
3...............................................................      27,551      11,150         404         163
4...............................................................      69,598      28,165      46,306      18,739
5A..............................................................      24,723      10,005         246         100
5B..............................................................      18,214       7,371         361         146
6...............................................................       4,612       1,866         272         110
                                                                 -------------
    Total.......................................................     203,342      82,289      60,105      24,323
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The approximate area encompassed within each proposed critical 
habitat unit by ownership is shown in Table 2.

                                             Table 2.--Critical Habitat Units Proposed for Alameda Whipsnake
                                    [Area (ac/ha) estimates reflect all land within critical habitat unit boundaries]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Federal              State               Local              Private              Total
                        Unit                         ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                         ac        ha        ac        ha        ac        ha        ac        ha        ac        ha
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1...................................................  ........  ........  ........  ........     8,108     3,281    26,012    10,527    34,119    13,808
2...................................................  ........  ........  ........  ........     4,408     1,784    20,116     8,141    24,524     9,925
3...................................................  ........  ........  ........  ........       404       164    27,146    10,986    27,551    11,149
4...................................................        61        25    13,873     5,615     3,641     1,474    52,022    21,053    69,598    28,165
5A..................................................     2,492     1,009  ........  ........       246        99    21,986     8,897    24,723    10,005
5B..................................................  ........  ........  ........  ........       361       146    17,854     7,225    18,214     7,371
6...................................................  ........  ........  ........  ........       272       110     4,340     1,756     4,612     1,867
                                                     -----------
    Total...........................................     2,553     1,033    13,873     5,615    17,440     7,057   169,476    68,584    03,342    82,289
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    We present brief descriptions of all units, and reasons why they 
are essential for the conservation of the Alameda whipsnake below.
Unit 1: Tilden-Briones; Alameda and Contra Costa Counties (34,119 ac 
(13,808 ha))
    Unit 1 is bordered approximately by State Highway 4 and the cities 
of Pinole, Hercules, and Martinez to the north; by State Highway 24 and 
the City of Orinda Village to the south; Interstate 80, and the cities 
of Berkeley, El Cerrito, and Richmond, to the west; and Interstate 680 
and the City of Pleasant Hill to the east. Unit 1 is connected to Unit 
6 to the south. Land ownership within the proposed unit includes 
approximately 8,108 ac (3,281 ha) of East Bay Regional Park (EBRP) 
lands with the remainder of land being privately owned. We propose to 
exclude from critical habitat a portion of the East Bay Regional Park 
from this unit (see section ``Relationship of Critical Habitat to the 
East Bay Regional Park--Exclusion Under Section 4(b)(2)'' below).
    The unit contains a complex mosaic pattern of grassland with woody 
scrub vegetation of several types (PCE 1 and PCE 2) as well as rock 
outcrops or other talus features (PCE 3) which are uniformly 
distributed throughout the unit with little habitat fragmentation. 
Alameda whipsnake records occur within the unit and are also uniformly 
distributed with the dates of Alameda whipsnake records spanning a time 
period ranging from before the subspecies' listing to after the time of 
listing (1986-present). Very limited development or habitat 
fragmentation is present, with the exception of a few structures 
presumably associated with livestock management. The distribution of 
essential features throughout the unit allows Alameda whipsnake 
populations to utilize and freely disperse within the unit, making the 
overall population less vulnerable to local extinction which could 
result from fire, landslide, or some other natural event (e.g. drought, 
disease). The unit is included in proposed critical habitat because it 
contains features essential to the conservation of the Alameda 
whipsnake, it is occupied, and represents the northwestern portion of 
the subspecies range and one of five population centers. The special 
management actions which may be required within the unit include

[[Page 60617]]

prescribed burns, and management of grazing activities to maintain a 
mosaic of open habitat. Additional special management which may be 
required for this unit includes management of trespass, unauthorized 
trail construction, dumping, feral animal control and other activities 
associated with urban interface.
Unit 2: Oakland-Las Trampas; Contra Costa and Alameda Counties (24,524 
ac (9,925 ha))
    Unit 2 is located south of State Route 24, north of Interstate 580, 
east of State Route 13, and west of Interstate 680 and the cities of 
Danville, San Ramon, and Dublin. Unit 2 is connected to Unit 6 to the 
north. Land ownership includes 4,408 ac (1,784 ha) of East Bay Regional 
Park and East Bay Municipal Utilities District (EBMUD) lands with the 
remainder of lands being privately owned. We propose to exclude from 
critical habitat a portion of the East Bay Regional Park from this unit 
(see section ``Relationship of Critical Habitat to the East Bay 
Regional Park--Exclusion Under Section 4(b)(2)'' below).
    Unit 2 contains a range of vegetation (PCE 1 and PCE 2), soil 
types, and rocky features (PCE 3) essential to the conservation of the 
subspecies, supports viable Alameda whipsnake populations, and has 
minimal development such as roads and structures. Areas with 
development or reduced soil and vegetation characteristics were not 
included as proposed critical habitat for this unit. Essential features 
within Unit 2 which contain denser woodland habitat may be subject to 
special management considerations, such as prescribed burns, to improve 
the habitat quality and enhance the potential for Alameda whipsnake 
movement between units. Additional special management which may be 
required throughout this unit includes management of trespass, 
unauthorized trail construction, dumping, feral animal control and 
other activities associated with urban interface. Alameda whipsnake 
records have been documented by multiple records within the unit as 
well as adjacent to the unit. Dispersal between Units 2 and 1 occurs 
directly through Unit 6, and impediments to such movement do not appear 
to be present. Unit 2 is included in the proposed critical habitat 
because it contains features essential to the conservation of the 
Alameda whipsnake, it is occupied by the subspecies, and represents the 
central distribution of Alameda whipsnake and one of the five 
population centers.
Unit 3: Hayward-Pleasanton Ridge; Alameda County (27,551 ac (11,149 
ha))
    Unit 3 is generally located immediately to the west of Interstate 
680 and to the south of Interstate 580. Land ownership includes 404 ac 
(164 ha) of East Bay Regional Park with the remainder of lands being 
privately owned. We propose to exclude from critical habitat a portion 
of the East Bay Regional Park from this unit (see section 
``Relationship of Critical Habitat to the East Bay Regional Park--
Exclusion Under Section 4(b)(2)'' below).
    Unit 3 contains the mosaic of scrub and chaparral vegetation and 
rocky outcrops considered as essential features (PCE 1). The unit also 
includes a variation in vegetation patch size, abundant edge between 
grassland and woodland, and minimal amount of development or planned 
development. The soils present are considered supportive of the scrub 
and rock outcrop features essential for Alameda whipsnake. The Alameda 
whipsnake records within this unit are associated with Gaviota rocky 
sandy loams in particular, which likely provide talus (PCE 3) and 
appear to coincide in aerial imagery to scrub or chaparral vegetation 
preferred by Alameda whipsnake. Vegetation is largely woodland of 
variable densities (PCE 2) and statures (trees, shrubs) interspersed 
with grassland. Some peripheral portions of habitat around this unit 
were not included as proposed critical habitat due to the high degree 
of development-related disturbance and fragmentation of the habitat. 
The unit is included in proposed critical habitat because it contains 
features essential to the conservation of the Alameda whipsnake, it is 
occupied by the subspecies, and represents the southwestern portion of 
the subspecies range and one of the five population centers. The 
special management which may be required throughout this unit includes 
management of controlled burns and grazing, trespass, unauthorized 
trail and road construction, dumping, feral animal control and other 
activities associated with urban or recreational interface.
Unit 4: Mount Diablo-Black Hills; Contra Costa and Alameda counties 
(69,598 ac (28,165 ha))
    This unit encompasses Mount Diablo State Park and surrounding 
lands, and is largely within Contra Costa County except a small portion 
that lies in Alameda County. Lands are owned by the Bureau of Land 
Management (61 ac (25 ha)), State Department of Parks and Recreation 
(13,874 ac (5,615 ha)), East Bay Regional Park (3,641 ac (1,475 ha)), 
and private landowners (52,022 ac (21,053 ha)).
    Numerous Alameda whipsnake observations (i.e., greater than 50 
records from 1972 to present) occur throughout the unit, many of which 
are associated with dense rock outcrops (PCE 3) and chaparral, scrub, 
and oak woodland (PCE 1, PCE 2). The pattern of woody vegetation with 
grassland and rock outcrops forms an intricate landscape mosaic that is 
highly functional habitat for the Alameda whipsnake. The vegetation and 
soil characteristics, the mosaic habitat pattern, the abundance of 
Alameda whipsnake records, and the lack of surrounding development and 
relative absence of roadways, together indicate that this unit likely 
provides some of the very highest quality and largest contiguous blocks 
of habitat within the range of the subspecies, as well as some of its 
most robust populations. Special management, such as prescribed burns, 
may be required for portions of the unit with dense vegetation. Special 
management required throughout this unit includes management of 
grazing, trespass, unauthorized trail and road construction, dumping, 
feral animal control and other activities associated with urban or 
recreational interface. The unit is included in proposed critical 
habitat because it contains features essential to the conservation of 
the Alameda whipsnake, is occupied by the subspecies, and represents 
the northeastern portion of the subspecies range and one of the five 
population centers. We propose to exclude from critical habitat a 
portion of the East Bay Regional Park from this unit (see section 
``Relationship of Critical Habitat to the East Bay Regional Park--
Exclusion Under Section 4(b)(2)'' below).
Unit 5A: Cedar Mountain; Alameda and San Joaquin Counties (24,723 ac 
(10,005 ha))
    The unit is generally located east of Lake Del Valle along Cedar 
Mountain Ridge and Crane Ridge to Corral Hollow west of Interstate 580. 
Land ownership within the proposed unit includes approximately 2,492 ac 
(1,009 ha) of Department of Energy land and 246 ac (99 ha) of East Bay 
Regional Park. Lands within the remainder of the unit are privately 
owned.
    The vegetation pattern within this unit consists of dominance by 
various woodland, scrub, and/or chaparral communities on northeast-
facing slopes (PCE 1, PCE 2). More open, grassland-dominated 
communities are prominent on southwest-facing slopes, but there is also 
a significant component of

[[Page 60618]]

woodland habitat on these slopes. Significant areas of vegetation types 
known to support Alameda whipsnake are present, including coastal oak, 
chamise-chaparral, mixed chaparral, blue-oak-foothill pine woodland, 
blue oak woodland, valley oak woodland, and montane hardwood. In most 
instances, the proposed boundaries for critical habitat designation 
correspond to natural breaks in plant communities and soil quality, 
and/or landform (ridgelines, water features). A moderate number of 
light roads are present within the unit, although there are very few 
structures or other land modifications. Special management, such as 
prescribed burns, may be required for portions of the unit with dense 
vegetation. The special management which may be required throughout 
this unit includes management of grazing, trespass, unauthorized trail 
and road construction, dumping, feral animal control and other 
activities associated with urban or recreational interface. The unit is 
included in proposed critical habitat because it contains features 
essential to the conservation of the Alameda whipsnake, it is occupied 
by the subspecies, and represents the southern and eastern most 
distribution of Alameda whipsnake and one of five population centers 
for the subspecies. We propose to exclude from critical habitat a 
portion of the East Bay Regional Park from this unit (see section 
``Relationship of Critical Habitat to the East Bay Regional Park--
Exclusion Under Section 4(b)(2)'' below).
Unit 5B: Alameda Creek; Alameda and Santa Clara Counties (18,214 ac 
(7,371 ha))
    This unit is located northeast of Calaveras Reservoir, south of the 
town of Sunol including the area along Wauhab Ridge in Alameda County 
and Oak Ridge in Santa Clara County. Alameda Creek is located at the 
west margin of the unit, and the unit contains the Sunol Regional 
Wilderness and Camp Ohlone Regional Park (approximately 361 ac (146 
ha)) which are managed by the East Bay Regional Park. Vegetation is a 
mix of blue oak-foothill pine and annual grassland with a significant 
amount of woodland patches. Coastal live oak is present in the vicinity 
of Lleyden Creek. Soil types in which Alameda whipsnakes are found 
dominate the unit. This subunit contains six Alameda whipsnake records 
documented between 1972 and 2000. Significant areas of vegetation types 
know to support Alameda whipsnake are present, including coastal oak, 
chamise-chaparral, mixed chaparral, blue-oak-foothill pine woodland, 
blue oak woodland, valley oak woodland, and montane hardwood 
interspersed with rock outcrops or talus (PCEs 1, 2, 3). The proposed 
boundaries for critical habitat designation correspond to natural 
breaks in plant communities, soil type, and or landform. A moderate 
number of light roads are present within the unit, although there are 
very few structures or other land modifications. Development pressure 
within or adjacent to the unit is small, as a result the survey efforts 
for the Alameda whipsnake have also not been as extensive as in the 
other proposed units. Special management, such as prescribed burns, may 
be required for portions of the unit with dense vegetation. The special 
management which may be required throughout this unit includes 
management of grazing, trespass, unauthorized trail and road 
construction, dumping, feral animal control and other activities 
associated with urban or recreational interface. The unit is included 
in proposed critical habitat because it contains features essential to 
the conservation of the Alameda whipsnake, it is occupied, and 
represents the southern most distribution of Alameda whipsnake and one 
of the five population centers for the subspecies. We propose to 
exclude from critical habitat a portion of the East Bay Regional Park 
from this unit (see section ``Relationship of Critical Habitat to the 
East Bay Regional Park--Exclusion Under Section 4(b)(2)'' below).
Unit 6: Caldecott Tunnel; Contra Costa and Alameda Counties (4,612 ac 
(1,867 ha))
    This proposed critical habitat unit lies between Units 1 and 2, 
along the Alameda and Contra Cost County line. Land ownership within 
this unit includes 272 ac (110 ha) of East Bay Regional Park lands with 
the remainder of lands being privately owned. We propose to exclude 
from critical habitat a portion of the East Bay Regional Park from this 
unit (see section ``Relationship of Critical Habitat to the East Bay 
Regional Park--Exclusion Under Section 4(b)(2)'' below).
    The unit is bounded by dense urban development to the east and 
west. However, the vegetation and soil types that are known to support 
Alameda whipsnake are dominant throughout the unit (PCEs 1, 2, 3). 
About eight Alameda whipsnake records are known from the unit between 
1990 and 2002. Special management considerations may be warranted to 
consolidate existing roads or limit additional road construction in 
order to preserve a corridor function in this unit as a consequence of 
the restricted width of the unit and the current presence of a moderate 
number of roads. Prescribed burns may also be required to maintain the 
habitat mosaic considered essential. The unit is included in proposed 
critical habitat because it contains features essential to the 
conservation of the Alameda whipsnake, it is occupied, and represents 
the last remaining habitat connecting two of the five population 
centers for the subspecies. Maintaining connectivity between units 
allows for dispersal between units for the subspecies and allows for 
genetic exchange between two of the five population centers for the 
Alameda whipsnake.

Effects of Critical Habitat Designation

Section 7 Consultation

    Section 7 of the Act requires Federal agencies, including the 
Service, to ensure that actions they fund, authorize, or carry out are 
not likely to destroy or adversely modify critical habitat. In our 
regulations at 50 CFR 402.2, we define destruction or adverse 
modification as ``a direct or indirect alteration that appreciably 
diminishes the value of critical habitat for both the survival and 
recovery of a listed species. Such alterations include, but are not 
limited to: Alterations adversely modifying any of those physical or 
biological features that were the basis for determining the habitat to 
be critical.'' We are currently reviewing the regulatory definition of 
adverse modification in relation to the conservation of the subspecies.
    Section 7(a) of the Act requires Federal agencies, including the 
Service, to evaluate their actions with respect to any species that is 
proposed or listed as endangered or threatened and with respect to its 
critical habitat, if any is proposed or designated. Regulations 
implementing this interagency cooperation provision of the Act are 
codified at 50 CFR part 402.
    Section 7(a)(4) of the Act requires Federal agencies to confer with 
us on any action that is likely to jeopardize the continued existence 
of a proposed species or result in destruction or adverse modification 
of proposed critical habitat. Conference reports provide conservation 
recommendations to assist the agency in eliminating conflicts that may 
be caused by the proposed action. We may issue a formal conference 
report if requested by a Federal agency. Formal conference reports on 
proposed critical habitat contain an opinion that is prepared according 
to 50 CFR 402.14, as if critical habitat were designated. We may adopt

[[Page 60619]]

the formal conference report as the biological opinion when the 
critical habitat is designated, if no substantial new information or 
changes in the action alter the content of the opinion (see 50 CFR 
402.10(d)). The conservation recommendations in a conference report are 
advisory.
    If a species is listed or critical habitat is designated, section 
7(a)(2) requires Federal agencies to ensure that activities they 
authorize, fund, or carry out are not likely to jeopardize the 
continued existence of such a species or to destroy or adversely modify 
its critical habitat. If a Federal action may affect a listed species 
or its critical habitat, the responsible Federal agency (action agency) 
must enter into consultation with us. Through this consultation, the 
action agency ensures that their actions do not destroy or adversely 
modify critical habitat.
    When we issue a biological opinion concluding that a project is 
likely to result in the destruction or adverse modification of critical 
habitat, we also provide reasonable and prudent alternatives to the 
project, if any are identifiable. ``Reasonable and prudent 
alternatives'' are defined at 50 CFR 402.02 as alternative actions 
identified during consultation that can be implemented in a manner 
consistent with the intended purpose of the action, that are consistent 
with the scope of the Federal agency's legal authority and 
jurisdiction, that are economically and technologically feasible, and 
that the Director believes would avoid destruction or adverse 
modification of critical habitat. Reasonable and prudent alternatives 
can vary from slight project modifications to extensive redesign or 
relocation of the project. Costs associated with implementing a 
reasonable and prudent alternative are similarly variable.
    Regulations at 50 CFR 402.16 require Federal agencies to reinitiate 
consultation on previously reviewed actions in instances where critical 
habitat is subsequently designated and the Federal agency has retained 
discretionary involvement or control over the action or such 
discretionary involvement or control is authorized by law. 
Consequently, some Federal agencies may request reinitiation of 
consultation or conference with us on actions for which formal 
consultation has been completed, if those actions may affect designated 
critical habitat or adversely modify or destroy proposed critical 
habitat.
    Federal activities that may affect Alameda whipsnakes or their 
critical habitat will require section 7 consultation. Activities on 
private or State lands requiring a permit from a Federal agency, such 
as a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers under section 404 of 
the Clean Water Act, a section 10(a)(1)(B) permit from the Service, or 
some other Federal action, including funding (e.g., Federal Highway 
Administration or Federal Emergency Management Agency funding), will 
also continue to be subject to the section 7 consultation process. 
Federal actions not affecting listed species or critical habitat and 
actions on non-Federal and private lands that are not federally funded, 
authorized, or permitted do not require section 7 consultation.
    Each of the specific areas designated in this rule as critical 
habitat for the Alameda whipsnake have been determined to contain 
sufficient PCEs to provide for one or more of the life history 
functions for the whipsnake. In some cases, the PCEs exist as a result 
of ongoing Federal actions. As a result, ongoing Federal actions at the 
time of designation will be included in the baseline in any 
consultation pursuant to section 7 of the Act conducted subsequent to 
this designation.
    Section 4(b)(8) of the Act requires us to briefly evaluate and 
describe in any proposed or final regulation that designates critical 
habitat those activities involving a Federal action that may destroy or 
adversely modify such habitat, or that may be affected by such 
designation. Activities that may destroy or adversely modify critical 
habitat may also jeopardize the continued existence of the Alameda 
whipsnake. Federal activities that, when carried out, may adversely 
affect critical habitat for the Alameda whipsnake include, but are not 
limited to:
    (1) Actions that would result in altered or degraded chaparral 
scrub or oak woodland communities. Such activities could include, but 
are not limited to, urban development, unmanaged fire suppression 
activities, and livestock overgrazing. These activities could eliminate 
or reduce the habitat essential for reproduction, growth, or shelter of 
Alameda whipsnake.
    (2) Actions that would result in complete loss of habitat or 
impediments to migration by development of partial or complete barriers 
through habitat areas. These activities are most often funded or 
permitted by the Federal Highway Administration or the State highway 
system, or involve licensing of construction for communication sites by 
the Federal Communications Commission. Such activities could include, 
but are not limited to, new road construction, right-of-way 
designation, routine maintenance and operation of existing roads, or 
installation of new radio equipment and facilities. These activities 
could eliminate foraging, resting, or denning habitat, as well as 
reduce movement corridors essential for reproduction, sheltering, or 
growth of Alameda whipsnake. Such activities could also lead to 
increased road kill incidences for the subspecies.
    (3) Actions that result in a discharge of dredged or fill material 
into waters of the United States by the Army Corps under section 404 of 
the Clean Water Act. Such activities could include, but are not limited 
to, placement of fill into wetlands or channelization of stream 
corridors. These activities could eliminate or reduce the habitat 
essential for the reproduction, feeding, or growth of Alameda 
whipsnake.
    All six proposed critical habitat units are occupied by the 
subspecies at the time of listing due to documented records of Alameda 
whipsnakes in those units. All lands proposed for critical habitat 
designation are within the historical geographical area occupied by the 
subspecies, and are likely to be used by the Alameda whipsnake whether 
for foraging, breeding, growth of juveniles, dispersal, migration, 
genetic exchange, or sheltering. We consider all units included in this 
proposed designation to include features essential to the conservation 
of the Alameda whipsnake.

Application of Sections 3(5)(A) and 4(a)(3) and Exclusions Under 
Section 4(b)(2) of the Act

    We are not proposing to exempt any lands from critical habitat 
pursuant to section 4(a)(3) of the Act.
    Section 4(b)(2) of the Act states that critical habitat shall be 
designated, and revised, on the basis of the best available scientific 
data after taking into consideration the economic impact, national 
security impact, and any other relevant impact of specifying any 
particular area as critical habitat. An area may be excluded from 
critical habitat if it is determined that the benefits of exclusion 
outweigh the benefits of specifying a particular area as critical 
habitat, unless the failure to designate such area as critical habitat 
will result in the extinction of the species.
    In our critical habitat designations, we use both the provisions 
outlined in sections 3(5)(A) and 4(b)(2) of the Act to evaluate those 
specific areas that we consider proposing to designate as critical 
habitat. Lands we have found that do not meet the definition of 
critical habitat under section 3(5)(A) or have excluded pursuant to 
section

[[Page 60620]]

4(b)(2) include those covered by the following types of plans if they 
provide assurances that the conservation measures they outline will be 
implemented and effective: (1) Endangered Species Management Plans 
prepared by the DOD (where a 4(a)(3) exemption is not possible due to a 
unsigned Integrated Natural Resource Management Plan (INRMP)); (2) 
legally operative HCPs that cover the subspecies and provide assurances 
that the conservation measures for the subspecies will be implemented 
and effective; (3) draft HCPs that cover the subspecies, have undergone 
public review and comment, and provide assurances that the conservation 
measures for the subspecies will be implemented and effective (i.e., 
pending HCPs); (4) Tribal conservation plans/programs that cover the 
subspecies and provide assurances that the conservation measures for 
the subspecies will be implemented and effective; (5) State 
conservation plans/programs that provide assurances that the 
conservation measures for the subspecies will be implemented and 
effective; (6) National Wildlife Refuges with Comprehensive 
Conservation Plans (CCPs) or programs that provide assurances that the 
conservation measures for the subspecies will be implemented and 
effective; and (7) Partnerships, conservation plans/easements, or other 
type of formalized relationship/agreement on private lands where a 
conservation plan or program provide assurances that the conservation 
measures for the subspecies will be implemented and effective.

Relationship of Critical Habitat to Habitat Conservation Plan Lands--
Exclusions Under Section 4(b)(2) of the Act

    Section 4(b)(2) of the Act requires us to consider other relevant 
impacts, in addition to economic impacts, when designating critical 
habitat. Section 10(a)(1)(B) of the Act authorizes us to issue permits 
for the take of listed wildlife species incidental to otherwise lawful 
activities. Development of an HCP is a prerequisite for the issuance of 
an incidental take permit pursuant to section 10(a)(1)(B) of the Act. 
An incidental take permit application must be supported by an HCP that 
identifies conservation measures that the permittee agrees to implement 
for the species to minimize and mitigate the impacts of the permitted 
incidental take. HCPs vary in size and may provide for incidental take 
coverage and conservation management for one or many Federally-listed 
species. Additionally, more than one applicant may participate in the 
development and implementation of an HCP. Large regional HCPs expand 
upon the basic requirements set forth in section 10(a)(1)(B) of the Act 
because they reflect a voluntary, cooperative approach to large-scale 
habitat and species conservation planning. Many of the large regional 
HCPs in southern California have been, or are being, developed to 
provide for the conservation of numerous Federally-listed species and 
unlisted sensitive species and the habitat that provides for their 
biological needs. These HCPs are designed to proactively implement 
conservation actions to address future projects that are anticipated to 
occur within the planning area of the HCP. However, given the broad 
scope of these regional HCPs, not all projects envisioned to 
potentially occur may actually take place. The State of California also 
has a NCCP process that is very similar to the Federal HCP process and 
is often completed in conjunction with the HCP process. We recognize 
that many of the projects with HCPs also have State-issued NCCPs. In 
the case of approved regional HCPs and accompanying Implementing 
Agreements (IAs) (e.g., those sponsored by cities, counties, or other 
local jurisdictions) that provide for incidental take coverage, a 
primary goal of these regional plans is to provide for the protection 
and management of habitat essential for species conservation, while 
directing development to other areas. We are considering excluding 
lands within the Draft East Contra Costa County HCP from the 
designation of critical habitat for the Alameda whipsnake pursuant to 
section 4(b)(2) of the Act. This draft HCP includes lands within a 
portion of proposed critical habitat Unit 4. We believe the benefits of 
excluding lands within this draft HCP from the final critical habitat 
designation outweigh the benefits of including them and seeking public 
comment on this proposed exclusion. The following represents our 
rationale for excluding this area.

Draft East Contra Costa County Habitat Conservation Plan (ECCHCP)

    The draft ECCHCP is currently under review and open for public 
comment until December 1, 2005. The document is available at the 
following Web site: http://www.cocohcp.org. The document will also be 
available for public inspection, by appointment, during normal business 
hours at the Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office [see ADDRESSES].
    We expect a finalized plan before the end of 2006. Participants in 
the draft ECCHCP include the County of Contra Costa; the cities of 
Brentwood, Clayton, Oakley, and Pittsburg, California; the Contra Costa 
Water District; and the East Bay Regional Park District. The draft 
ECCHCP encompasses the eastern portion of Contra Costa County from 
approximately west of Concord to Sand Mound Slough and Clifton Court 
Forebay on the east. The draft ECCHCP is also a subregional plan under 
the State's Natural Community Conservation Planning (NCCP) process and 
was developed in cooperation with the California Department of Fish and 
Game. The draft ECCHCP identifies the Alameda whipsnake as a covered 
species and has identified areas where growth and development are 
expected to occur, as well as several conservation measures, including: 
(1) Preserving between 12,254 to 13,983 ac (4,959 to 5,659 ha) of 
Alameda whipsnake habitat; (2) preserving major habitat connections 
linking existing public lands; (3) incorporating a range of habitat and 
population management and enhancement measures including monitoring, 
prescribed burning, and recreational use controls; (4) fully mitigating 
the impacts to covered species; (5) maintaining ecosystem processes; 
and (6) contributing to the recovery of covered species. When the 
conservation measures are implemented they will benefit Alameda 
whipsnake conservation by preserving and restoring existing core area 
and upland movement habitat for the species. We expect that the draft 
ECCHCP will provide substantial protection for all three of the primary 
constituent elements for the Alameda whipsnake, and that protected 
lands will receive the special management they require through funding 
mechanisms that will be implemented under the ECCHCP.
(1) Benefits of Inclusion
    The primary benefit to designation of critical habitat is the 
requirement that Federal agencies consult with the Service under 
section 7 of the Act to ensure that their actions are not likely to 
result in the destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat. 
If critical habitat were designated in these areas, primary constituent 
elements in these areas would be protected from destruction or adverse 
modification by Federal actions using a conservation standard based on 
the Ninth Circuit's decision in Gifford Pinchot. This requirement would 
be in addition to the requirement that proposed Federal actions would 
not be likely to jeopardize the species' continued

[[Page 60621]]

existence. However, inasmuch as these areas are currently occupied by 
the species, consultation for activities that might adversely impact 
the species, including habitat modification (see definition of ``harm'' 
at 50 CFR 17.3), would be required even without the critical habitat 
designation. Because habitat modification is considered under the 
jeopardy analysis, we believe the benefits of habitat protection from 
critical habitat is now small to moderate.
    As discussed above, we expect the ECCHCP to provide substantial 
protection of the PCEs and protection of essential features for the 
Alameda whipsnake on ECCHCP conservation lands. We expect the ECCHCP to 
provide a greater level of management for the Alameda whipsnake on 
private lands than would designation of critical habitat on private 
lands. As a result, we do not anticipate any action on these lands 
would destroy or adversely modify the areas proposed as critical 
habitat. Therefore, we do not expect that including those areas in the 
final designation will lead to any changes to actions on the 
conservation lands to avoid destroying or adversely modifying that 
habitat. Therefore in this case, because of the ECCHCP protections, 
there is little to no additional protection from critical habitat, and 
thus the benefits of inclusion are small.
    A benefit of including an area in a critical habitat designation is 
the education of landowners and the public regarding the potential 
conservation value of the area. The inclusion of an area as critical 
habitat may focus and contribute to conservation efforts by other 
parties by clearly delineating areas of high conservation values for 
certain species. However, we believe that this conservation benefit has 
largely been achieved for the Alameda whipsnake through the hearings 
and workshops that have been held in the East Bay area associated with 
the listing of the species and previous critical habitat designation. 
In addition, the HCP itself undergoes public review and comment, 
providing another layer of educational benefit as the importance of 
this area for conservation of the species. Therefore the benefits of 
inclusion for educational purposes are extremely small.
(2) Benefits of Exclusion
    The benefits of excluding lands within HCPs from critical habitat 
designation include relieving landowners, communities, and counties of 
any additional regulatory burden that might be imposed by a critical 
habitat designation. Many HCPs, particularly large regional HCPs such 
as the ECCHCP, take many years to develop and, upon completion, become 
regional conservation plans that are consistent with the recovery 
objectives for listed species that are covered within the plan area. In 
fact, designating critical habitat in areas covered by a pending HCP 
could result in the loss of species' benefits if participants abandon 
the voluntary HCP process, in part because of the burden of the 
perceived additional regulatory compliance that such designation would 
entail. The time and cost of regulatory compliance for a critical 
habitat designation do not have to be quantified for them to be 
perceived as additional Federal regulatory burden sufficient to 
discourage continued voluntary participation in plans targeting listed 
species conservation.
    The conservation benefits of critical habitat are primarily 
regulatory or prohibitive in nature. Where consistent with the 
discretion provided by the Act, the Service believes it is necessary to 
implement policies that provide positive incentives to private 
landowners to voluntarily conserve natural resources and that remove or 
reduce disincentives to conservation (Wilcove et al. 1996). Thus, we 
believe it is essential for the recovery of the Alameda whipsnake to 
build on continued conservation activities such as the ECCHCP, and to 
provide positive incentives for other local government or private 
landowners who might be considering implementing voluntary conservation 
activities but have concerns about incurring incidental regulatory or 
economic impacts.
    Furthermore, an HCP or NCCP/HCP application must itself be 
consulted upon. Such a consultation would review the effects of all 
activities covered by the HCP that might adversely impact the species, 
including possibly significant habitat modification (see definition of 
``harm'' at 50 CFR 17.3), even without the critical habitat 
designation. In addition, Federal actions not covered by the HCP in 
areas occupied by listed species would still require consultation under 
section 7 of the Act and would be reviewed for possibly significant 
habitat modification in accordance with the definition of harm 
referenced above. This standard also would apply to all consultation 
conducted in the interim period prior to finalization of the ECCHCP, 
whether or not incidental take exemption is provided under section 7 or 
section 10 of the Act. Therefore, we consider the benefits of exclusion 
to be moderate.
(3) Benefits of Exclusion Outweigh the Benefits of Inclusion
    We have reviewed and evaluated the conservation measures identified 
for the Alameda whipsnake identified in the ECCHCP. Based on this 
evaluation, we currently find that the benefits of exclusion of the 
lands containing features essential to the conservation of the Alameda 
whipsnake in the planning area for the draft ECCHCP outweigh the 
benefits of including those portions of the draft ECCHCP area within 
Unit 4 as critical habitat. Our final determination will be made after 
we receive public comment on this proposed critical habitat 
designation.
    The exclusion of these lands from critical habitat would help 
preserve the partnerships that we have developed with the local 
jurisdiction and project proponent in the development of the ECCHCP. 
The educational benefits of critical habitat, including informing the 
public of areas that are essential for the long term conservation of 
the species, are still accomplished from material provided on our 
website and through public notice and comment procedures required to 
establish the ECCHCP. The public also has been informed through the 
public participation that occurs during the development of this 
regional HCP. For these reasons, we believe that designating critical 
habitat has little benefit in areas covered by the draft ECCHCP.
(4) Exclusion Will Not Result in Extinction of the Species
    We believe that exclusion of these lands, which are considered 
occupied habitat, will not result in the extinction of the Alameda 
whipsnake. Actions that might adversely affect the subspecies are 
expected to have a Federal nexus, and would thus undergo a consultation 
with the Service under section 7 of the Act. The jeopardy standard of 
section 7 of the Act, and routine implementation of habitat 
preservation through the section 7 process, as discussed in the 
economic analysis, provide assurance that the subspecies will not go 
extinct. In addition, the subspecies is protected from take 
prohibitions in section 9 of the Act. The exclusion leaves these 
protections unchanged from those that would exist if the excluded areas 
were designated as critical habitat.
    Critical habitat is being proposed for designation for the Alameda 
whipsnake in other areas that will be accorded the protection from 
adverse modification by Federal actions using the conservation standard 
based on the Ninth Circuit decision in Gifford Pinchot. Additionally, 
the species occurs on

[[Page 60622]]

lands protected and managed either explicitly for the species, or 
indirectly through more general objectives to protect natural values; 
this factor acts in concert with the other protections provided under 
the Act for these lands absent designation of critical habitat on them, 
and acts in concert with protections afforded each species by the 
remaining critical habitat designation for the species, which leads us 
to find that exclusion of these lands will not result in extinction of 
the Alameda whipsnake. We do not believe that this exclusion would 
result in the extinction of the subspecies because the draft ECCHCP 
seeks to: (1) Preserve between 12,254 to 13,983 ac (4,959 to 5,659 ha) 
of Alameda whipsnake habitat; (2) preserve major habitat connections 
linking existing public lands; (3) incorporate a range of habitat and 
population management and enhancement measures including monitoring, 
prescribed burning, and recreational use controls; (4) fully mitigate 
the impacts to covered species; (5) maintain ecosystem processes; and 
(6) contribute to the recovery of covered species.

Relationship of Critical Habitat to the East Bay Regional Park--
Exclusion Under Section 4(b)(2)

    The East Bay Regional Park District (EBRPD) manages 65 regional 
parks, recreation areas, wilderness, shorelines, preserves, and land 
bank areas covering over 95,000 ac (34,446 ha) in Alameda and Contra 
Costa counties. The EBRPD Board of Directors adopted the EBRPD Plan on 
December 17, 1996, under Resolution Number 1996-12-349. The EBRPD Plan 
provides for monitoring and conservation of rare, threatened, and 
endangered species, including the Alameda whipsnake. Species 
conservation efforts take precedence over other park activities if 
EBRPD activities are determined to have a significant adverse effect on 
rare, threatened, or endangered species (EBRPD 1997).
    We are proposing to exclude lands within the administrative 
boundaries for EBRPD from the designation of critical habitat for the 
Alameda whipsnake pursuant to section 4(b)(2) of the Act. A total of 
approximately 17,440 ac (7,057 ha) is being considered for exclusion.
(1) Benefits of Inclusion
    As stated previously, the benefits of designating critical habitat 
on lands within the boundaries of approved management plans are small. 
The EBRPD Plan provides for priority management and conservation of 
threatened and endangered species where park activities conflict with 
threatened and endangered species management. The EBRPD Plan provides a 
mechanism to accomplish these goals for the Alameda whipsnake through 
the implementation of specific conservation objectives outlined above. 
The principal benefit of designating critical habitat is that federally 
authorized or funded activities that may affect a species' critical 
habitat would require consultation with us under section 7 of the Act. 
In the case of the EBRPD Plan, consultation must be initiated for any 
activity involving the Alameda whipsnake to evaluate the impact of the 
activity on the species for which the participants are seeking 
incidental take permits, pursuant to section 7 of the Act. The EBRPD 
currently holds a Service recovery permit, pursuant to section 
10(a)(1)(A) of the Act. As with HCPs, the benefits of designating 
critical habitat on lands within the boundaries of areas properly 
managed for threatened and endangered species are small.
(2) Benefits of Exclusion
    The benefits of excluding lands within approved management plans 
from critical habitat designation include relieving landowners, 
communities, and counties of any additional regulatory burden that 
might be imposed by critical habitat. Many conservation plans like the 
EBRPD Plan provide conservation benefits to unlisted sensitive species. 
Imposing an additional regulatory review as a result of the designation 
of critical habitat may undermine conservation efforts and partnerships 
in many areas. In fact, it could result in the loss of species' 
benefits if participants abandon any voluntary HCP process in which 
they may be involved. The EBRPD is participating in the ECCHCP, and 
part of the strategy of the HCP is to link with lands such as those 
managed by the EBRPD for the conservation of the Alameda whipsnake. The 
loss of these connecting linkages as a part of the ECCHCP would reduce 
the conservation benefit for the Alameda whipsnake. Designation of 
critical habitat within the boundaries of management plans which 
provide conservation for a species could be viewed as a disincentive to 
those entities currently developing these plans or contemplating them 
in the future, because one of the incentives for undertaking 
conservation is greater ease of permitting where listed species are 
affected. Addition of a new regulatory requirement would remove a 
significant incentive for undertaking the time and expense of 
management planning.
    A related benefit of excluding lands within management plans from 
critical habitat designation is the unhindered, continued ability to 
seek new partnerships with future plan participants including States, 
counties, local jurisdictions, conservation organizations, and private 
landowners, which together can implement conservation actions that we 
would be unable to accomplish otherwise. If lands within approved 
management plan areas are designated as critical habitat, it would 
likely have a negative effect on our ability to establish new 
partnerships to develop these plans, particularly plans that address 
landscape-level conservation of species and habitats. By preemptively 
excluding these lands, we preserve our current partnerships and 
encourage additional conservation actions in the future.
    An applicant and any agency carrying out a Federally funded 
activity that may adversely affect Alameda whipsnake must enter into 
consultation with the Service under section 7 of the Act. While these 
consultations will not look specifically at the issue of adverse 
modification to critical habitat, unless critical habitat has already 
been designated within the proposed plan area, it will determine if the 
actions jeopardize the species in the plan area. The jeopardy analysis 
is similar to the analysis of adverse modification to critical habitat. 
Additionally, Federal actions not covered by an HCP or approved 
management plan in areas occupied by listed species would still require 
consultation under section 7 of the Act. Plans such as the EBRPD Plan 
typically provide greater conservation benefits to the covered species 
than section 7 consultations because they: (1) Assure the long-term 
protection and management of a covered species and its habitat; (2) 
include the development of biological information to guide conservation 
efforts and assist in species conservation; and (3) create innovative 
solutions to conserve species while still allowing public use of the 
area.
    Maps delineating essential habitat for the Alameda whipsnake, 
overlaid with the boundary area for the EBRPD, are available for public 
review and comment at the Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office (see 
ADDRESSES). These maps are provided to allow the public the opportunity 
to adequately comment on these potential exclusions.
(3) Benefits of Exclusion Outweigh the Benefits of Inclusion
    We have reviewed and evaluated the conservation measures identified 
for the Alameda whipsnake identified in the EBRPD. Based on this 
evaluation, we

[[Page 60623]]

currently find that the benefits of exclusion of the lands essential to 
the conservation of the Alameda whipsnake within the boundaries of the 
EBRPD land outweigh the benefits of including those portions of land as 
critical habitat. Our final determination will be made after we receive 
public comment on this proposed critical habitat designation.
    The exclusion of these lands from critical habitat would help 
preserve the partnerships that we have developed with the local 
jurisdiction. The educational benefits of critical habitat, including 
informing the public of areas that are essential for the long term 
conservation of the species, are still accomplished from material 
provided on our website and through public notice and required comment 
procedures. The public also has been informed through the public 
participation that occurs during the development of this proposed 
designation and previous listing and critical habitat actions for the 
subspecies. For these reasons, we believe that designating critical 
habitat has little benefit in areas managed by the EBRPD.
(4) Exclusion Will Not Result in Extinction of the Species
    We believe that exclusion of these lands, which are considered 
occupied habitat, would not result in the extinction of the Alameda 
whipsnake. Actions which might adversely affect the subspecies are 
expected to have a Federal nexus, and would thus undergo a consultation 
with the Service under section 7 of the Act. The jeopardy standard of 
section 7 of the Act, and routine implementation of habitat 
preservation through the section 7 process, provide assurance that the 
subspecies will not go extinct. In addition, the subspecies is 
protected from the take prohibitions under section 9 of the Act. The 
exclusion leaves these protections unchanged from those that would 
exist if the excluded areas were designated as critical habitat.
    Critical habitat is being proposed for designation for the Alameda 
whipsnake in other areas that will be accorded the protection from 
adverse modification by Federal actions using the conservation standard 
based on the Ninth Circuit decision in Gifford Pinchot. Additionally, 
the subspecies occurs on lands protected and managed either explicitly 
for the subspecies, or indirectly through more general objectives to 
protect natural values; this factor acts in concert with the other 
protections provided under the Act for these lands absent designation 
of critical habitat on them, and acts in concert with protections 
afforded the subspecies by the remaining critical habitat designation 
for the subspecies, which leads us to find that exclusion of these 
lands will not result in extinction of the Alameda whipsnake. We do not 
believe that this exclusion would result in the extinction of the 
subspecies because the subspecies is found in other areas and the EBRPD 
Plan provides for monitoring and conservation of rare, threatened, and 
endangered species, including the Alameda whipsnake. Species 
conservation efforts take precedence over other park activities if 
EBRPD activities are determined to have a significant adverse effect on 
rare, threatened, or endangered species (EBRPD 1997).

Relationship of Critical Habitat to the State Park Lands--Exclusion 
Under Section 4(b)(2)

Mount Diablo State Park
    Approximately 97 percent of the lands within the boundary of Mount 
Diablo State Park are currently being proposed as critical habitat. The 
total amount of State-owned lands proposed for critical habitat within 
Mount Diablo State Park is approximately 13,874 ac (5,615 ha). 
Currently, we know of no specific management plan or conservation 
activities for the Alameda whipsnake within Mount Diablo State Park. 
However, the lands within the park are publicly owned, and the natural 
resources within the park are managed in a way to preserve the 
ecological diversity of the area. The designation of critical habitat 
would not have any appreciable effect on the development or 
implementation of public education programs because these lands already 
are publicly owned, and critical habitat designation provides little 
gain in the way of increased recognition for special habitat values on 
lands publicly protected and managed lands. Exclusion of these lands 
would not increase the likelihood that management activities would be 
proposed that would appreciably diminish the value of the habitat for 
conservation of the Alameda whipsnake.
    We are, however, not currently proposing to exclude from the 
designation the State Park lands at Mount Diablo State Park. Should 
information become available during the public comment period on this 
proposed rule that would support an exclusion of these State lands, we 
will conduct an analysis of such information and make our determination 
of the appropriateness of such an exclusion in our final designation.

Relationship of Critical Habitat to Department of Energy Lands--
Exclusion Under Section 4(b)(2)

    Approximately 2,492 ac (1,009 ha) of proposed critical habitat for 
the Alameda whipsnake within Unit 5A are owned by the Department of 
Energy. The lands are located in eastern Alameda and western San 
Joaquin counties. The Department of Energy has used these lands within 
the past as a testing facility. Currently, we know of no specific 
management plan or conservation activities for the Alameda whipsnake on 
these lands. However, the lands are publicly owned and currently 
protected from development. Any activities that may take place which 
may affect the Alameda whipsnake or its habitat would be subject to 
consultation under section 7 of the Act.
    We are, however, not currently proposing to exclude from critical 
habitat designation the Department of Energy lands in eastern Alameda 
and western San Joaquin counties. Should information become available 
during the public comment period on the proposed rule that would 
support an exclusion of the Department of Energy lands, we will conduct 
an analysis of such information and make our determination of the 
appropriateness of such an exclusion in our final designation.

Economic Analysis

    An analysis of the economic impacts of proposing critical habitat 
for the Alameda whipsnake is being prepared. We will announce the 
availability of the draft economic analysis as soon as it is completed, 
at which time we will seek public review and comment on the analysis. 
At that time, copies of the draft economic analysis will be available 
for downloading from the Internet at http://www.fws.gov/pacific/sacramento, or by contacting the Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office 
directly (see ADDRESSES).
    After reviewing the economic analysis, the public comment on it, 
and the public comment on this proposal, we may exclude additional 
areas under section 4(b)(2) based on economic or other relevant impact. 
Our regulations expressly contemplate that these decisions would occur 
after the comment period (50 CFR 424.19), and do not require advance 
public notice of intent to make specific exclusions. While we are 
seeking public comment on those possible exclusions of which we are now 
aware, we also want to insure that the public is aware that the 
economic analysis and all public comments may lead us to exclude other 
areas.

[[Page 60624]]

Peer Review

    In accordance with our joint policy published in the Federal 
Register on July 1, 1994 (59 FR 34270), we will seek the expert 
opinions of at least three appropriate and independent specialists 
regarding this proposed rule. The purpose of such review is to ensure 
that our critical habitat designation is based on scientifically sound 
data, assumptions, and analyses. We will send these peer reviewers a 
copy of this proposed rule immediately following publication in the 
Federal Register. We will invite these peer reviewers to comment, 
during the public comment period, on the specific assumptions and 
conclusions regarding the proposed designation of critical habitat.
    We will consider all comments and information received during 
public comment periods on this proposed rule during preparation of a 
final rulemaking. Accordingly, the final decision may differ from this 
proposal.

Public Hearings

    The Act provides for one or more public hearings on this proposal, 
if requested. Requests for public hearings must be made in writing at 
least 15 days prior to the close of the public comment period (see 
DATES). We will schedule public hearings on this proposal, if any are 
requested, and announce the dates, times, and places of those hearings 
in the Federal Register and local newspapers at least 15 days prior to 
the first hearing.

Clarity of the Rule

    Executive Order 12866 requires each agency to write regulations and 
notices that are easy to understand. We invite your comments on how to 
make this proposed rule easier to understand, including answers to 
questions such as the following: (1) Are the requirements in the 
proposed rule clearly stated? (2) Does the proposed rule contain 
technical jargon that interferes with the clarity? (3) Does the format 
of the proposed rule (groupings and order of the sections, use of 
headings, paragraphing, and so forth) aid or reduce its clarity? (4) Is 
the description of the notice in the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section 
of the preamble helpful in understanding the proposed rule? What else 
could we do to make this proposed rule easier to understand?
    Send a copy of any comments on how we could make this proposed rule 
easier to understand to: Office of Regulatory Affairs, Department of 
the Interior, Room 7229, 1849 C Street, NW., Washington, DC 20240. You 
may e-mail your comments to this address: [email protected].

Required Determinations

Regulatory Planning and Review

    In accordance with Executive Order 12866, this document is a 
significant rule in that it may raise novel legal and policy issues, 
but it is not anticipated to have an annual effect on the economy of 
$100 million or more or affect the economy in a material way. Due to 
the tight timeline for publication in the Federal Register, the Office 
of Management and Budget (OMB) has not formally reviewed this rule. We 
are preparing a draft economic analysis of this proposed action, which 
will be available for public comment, to determine the economic 
consequences of designating the specific area as critical habitat. This 
economic analysis also will be used to determine compliance with 
Executive Order 12866, Regulatory Flexibility Act, Small Business 
Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act, and Executive Order 12630.
    Further, Executive Order 12866 directs Federal Agencies 
promulgating regulations to evaluate regulatory alternatives (Office of 
Management and Budget, Circular A-4, September 17, 2003). Pursuant to 
Circular A-4, once it has been determined that the Federal regulatory 
action is appropriate, then the agency will need to consider 
alternative regulatory approaches. Since the determination of critical 
habitat is a statutory requirement pursuant to the Endangered Species 
Act of 1973, as amended (Act) (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), we must then 
evaluate alternative regulatory approaches, where feasible, when 
promulgating a designation of critical habitat.
    In developing our designations of critical habitat, we consider 
economic impacts, impacts to national security, and other relevant 
impacts pursuant to section 4(b)(2) of the Act. Based on the discretion 
allowable under this provision, we may exclude any particular area from 
the designation of critical habitat providing that the benefits of such 
exclusion outweigh the benefits of specifying the area as critical 
habitat and that such exclusion would not result in the extinction of 
the species. As such, we believe that the evaluation of the inclusion 
or exclusion of particular areas, or a combination thereof, in a 
designation constitutes our regulatory alternative analysis.
    Within these areas, the types of Federal actions or authorized 
activities that we have identified as potential concerns are listed 
above in the section on Section 7 Consultation. The availability of the 
draft economic analysis will be announced in the Federal Register and 
in local newspapers so that it is available for public review and 
comment. When completed, the draft economic analysis can be obtained 
from the Internet website at http://www.fws.gov/pacific/sacramento/ or 
by contacting the Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office directly (see 
ADDRESSES).

Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.)

    Our assessment of economic effect will be completed prior to any 
final rulemaking based upon review of the draft economic analysis 
prepared pursuant to section 4(b)(2) of the Act and E.O. 12866. This 
analysis is for the purposes of compliance with the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act and does not reflect our position on the type of 
economic analysis required by New Mexico Cattle Growers Assn. v. U.S. 
Fish & Wildlife Service 248 F.3d 1277 (10th Cir. 2001).
    Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq., as 
amended by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act 
(SBREFA) of 1996), whenever an agency is required to publish a notice 
of rulemaking for any proposed or final rule, it must prepare and make 
available for public comment a regulatory flexibility analysis that 
describes the effects of the rule on small entities (i.e., small 
businesses, small organizations, and small government jurisdictions). 
However, no regulatory flexibility analysis is required if the head of 
the agency certifies the rule will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities. The SBREFA amended 
the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) to require Federal agencies to 
provide a statement of the factual basis for certifying that the rule 
will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of 
small entities.
    At this time, the Service lacks the available economic information 
necessary to provide an adequate factual basis for the required RFA 
finding. Therefore, the RFA finding is deferred until completion of the 
draft economic analysis prepared pursuant to section 4(b)(2) of the Act 
and E.O. 12866. This draft economic analysis will provide the required 
factual basis for the RFA finding. Upon completion of the draft 
economic analysis, the Service will publish a notice of availability of 
the draft economic analysis of the proposed designation and reopen the 
public comment period for the proposed designation. The Service will 
include with the notice of availability, as appropriate, an initial 
regulatory flexibility analysis or a certification that

[[Page 60625]]

the rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial 
number of small entities accompanied by the factual basis for that 
determination. The Service has concluded that deferring the RFA finding 
until completion of the draft economic analysis is necessary to meet 
the purposes and requirements of the RFA. Deferring the RFA finding in 
this manner will ensure that the Service makes a sufficiently informed 
determination based on adequate economic information and provides the 
necessary opportunity for public comment.

Executive Order 13211

    On May 18, 2001, the President issued an Executive Order (E.O. 
13211) on regulations that significantly affect energy supply, 
distribution, and use. Executive Order 13211 requires agencies to 
prepare Statements of Energy Effects when undertaking certain actions. 
This proposed rule to designate critical habitat for the Alameda 
whipsnake is not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 
12866, and it is not expected to significantly affect energy supplies, 
distribution, or use. Therefore, this action is not a significant 
energy action, and no Statement of Energy Effects is required.

Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.)

    In accordance with the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (2 U.S.C. 
1501), the Service makes the following findings:
    (a) This rule will not produce a Federal mandate. In general, a 
Federal mandate is a provision in legislation, statute, or regulation 
that would impose an enforceable duty upon State, local, tribal 
governments, or the private sector and includes both ``Federal 
intergovernmental mandates'' and ``Federal private sector mandates.'' 
These terms are defined in 2 U.S.C. 658(5)-(7). ``Federal 
intergovernmental mandate'' includes a regulation that ``would impose 
an enforceable duty upon State, local, or tribal governments'' with two 
exceptions. It excludes ``a condition of Federal assistance.'' It also 
excludes ``a duty arising from participation in a voluntary Federal 
program,'' unless the regulation ``relates to a then-existing Federal 
program under which $500,000,000 or more is provided annually to State, 
local, and tribal governments under entitlement authority,'' if the 
provision would ``increase the stringency of conditions of assistance'' 
or ``place caps upon, or otherwise decrease, the Federal Government's 
responsibility to provide funding,'' and the State, local, or tribal 
governments ``lack authority'' to adjust accordingly. At the time of 
enactment, these entitlement programs were: Medicaid; AFDC work 
programs; Child Nutrition; Food Stamps; Social Services Block Grants; 
Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants; Foster Care, Adoption 
Assistance, and Independent Living; Family Support Welfare Services; 
and Child Support Enforcement. ``Federal private sector mandate'' 
includes a regulation that ``would impose an enforceable duty upon the 
private sector, except (i) a condition of Federal assistance or (ii) a 
duty arising from participation in a voluntary Federal program.''
    The designation of critical habitat does not impose a legally 
binding duty on non-Federal government entities or private parties. 
Under the Act, the only regulatory effect is that Federal agencies must 
ensure that their actions do not destroy or adversely modify critical 
habitat under section 7 of the Act. While non-Federal entities that 
receive Federal funding, assistance, or permits, or that otherwise 
require approval or authorization from a Federal agency for an action, 
may be indirectly impacted by the designation of critical habitat, the 
legally binding duty to avoid destruction or adverse modification of 
critical habitat rests squarely on the Federal agency. Furthermore, to 
the extent that non-Federal entities are indirectly impacted because 
they receive Federal assistance or participate in a voluntary Federal 
aid program, the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act would not apply; nor 
would critical habitat shift the costs of the large entitlement 
programs listed above on to State governments.
    (b) Due to current public knowledge of the subspecies' protection, 
and the prohibition against take of the subspecies both within and 
outside of the designated areas, we do not anticipate that this rule 
will significantly or uniquely affect small governments. As such, a 
Small Government Agency Plan is not required. We will, however, further 
evaluate this issue as we conduct our economic analysis and revise this 
assessment if appropriate.

Federalism

    In accordance with Executive Order 13132, the rule does not have 
significant Federalism effects. A Federalism assessment is not 
required. In keeping with Department of Interior and Department of 
Commerce policy, we requested information from, and coordinated 
development of, this proposed critical habitat designation with 
appropriate State resource agencies in California. The designation may 
have some benefit to these governments in that the areas essential to 
the conservation of the subspecies are more clearly defined, and the 
PCEs of the habitat necessary to the survival of the subspecies are 
specifically identified. While making this definition and 
identification does not alter where and what federally sponsored 
activities may occur, it may assist these local governments in long-
range planning (rather than waiting for case-by-case consultations 
under section 7 of the Act to occur).

Civil Justice Reform

    In accordance with Executive Order 12988, the Office of the 
Solicitor has determined that the rule does not unduly burden the 
judicial system and meets the requirements of sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2) 
of the Order. We have proposed designating critical habitat in 
accordance with the provisions of the Act. This proposed rule uses 
standard property descriptions and identifies the PCEs within the 
designated areas to assist the public in understanding the habitat 
needs of the Alameda whipsnake.

Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.)

    This rule does not contain any new collections of information that 
require approval by OMB under the Paperwork Reduction Act. This rule 
will not impose recordkeeping or reporting requirements on State or 
local governments, individuals, businesses, or organizations. An agency 
may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, 
a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB 
control number.

National Environmental Policy Act

    It is our position that, outside the Tenth Circuit, we do not need 
to prepare environmental analyses as defined by the NEPA in connection 
with designating critical habitat under the Act. We published a notice 
outlining our reasons for this determination in the Federal Register on 
October 25, 1983 (48 FR 49244). This assertion was upheld in the courts 
of the Ninth Circuit (Douglas County v. Babbitt, 48 F.3d 1495 (9th Cir. 
Ore. 1995), cert. denied 116 S. Ct. 698 (1996)).

Government-to-Government Relationship With Tribes

    In accordance with the President's memorandum of April 29, 1994, 
``Government-to-Government Relations with Native American Tribal

[[Page 60626]]

Governments'' (59 FR 22951), Executive Order 13175, and the Department 
of Interior's manual at 512 DM 2, we readily acknowledge our 
responsibility to communicate meaningfully with recognized Federal 
Tribes on a government-to-government basis. We have determined that 
there are no tribal lands essential for the conservation of the Alameda 
whipsnake. Therefore, critical habitat for the Alameda whipsnake is not 
being proposed on Tribal lands.

References Cited

    A complete list of all references cited in this rulemaking is 
available upon request from the Field Supervisor, Sacramento Fish and 
Wildlife Office (see ADDRESSES).

Author(s)

    The primary authors of this package are the staff of the Sacramento 
Fish and Wildlife Office.

List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 17

    Endangered and threatened species, Exports, Imports, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Transportation.

Proposed Regulation Promulgation

    Accordingly, we propose to amend part 17, subchapter B of chapter 
I, title 50 of the Code of Federal Regulations, as set forth below:

PART 17--[AMENDED]

    1. The authority citation for part 17 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1361-1407; 16 U.S.C. 1531-1544; 16 U.S.C. 
4201-4245; Pub. L. 99-625, 100 Stat. 3500; unless otherwise noted.

    2. In Sec.  17.95(c), revise the entry for ``Alameda Whipsnake 
(Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus'' to read as follows:


Sec.  17.95  Critical habitat--fish and wildlife.

* * * * *
    (c) Reptiles.
* * * * *
Alameda Whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus)
    (1) Critical habitat units are depicted for Alameda, Contra Costa, 
San Joaquin, and Santa Clara counties, California, on the maps below.
    (2) The primary constituent elements (PCEs) of critical habitat for 
the Alameda whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus) are:
    (i) Scrub communities with a mosaic of open and closed canopy: 
Scrub/shrub vegetation dominated by low to medium-stature woody shrubs 
with a mosaic of open and closed canopy as characterized by the 
chamise, chamise-eastwood manzanita, chaparral whitethorn, and interior 
live oak shrub vegetation series as identified in the Manual of 
California Vegetation (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995), A Guide to 
Wildlife Habitats of California (Mayer and Laudenslayer 1988), and 
California Wildlife Habitat Relationship System (CDFG 1998). These 
vegetation series occur within the range of the Alameda whipsnake from 
near sea level to approximately 3,850 ft (1,170 m). Such scrub/shrub 
vegetation within these series form a pattern of open and closed canopy 
which is used by the Alameda whipsnake to provide shelter from 
predators, temperature regulation by providing sunny and shady 
locations, prey-viewing opportunities, and nesting habitat and 
substrate. These features contribute to support a prey base consisting 
of western fence lizards and other prey species such as skinks, frogs, 
snakes, and birds. These areas are the core areas where Alameda 
whipsnakes reside most frequently and are used for retreats (shelter), 
thermoregulation, foraging, and provide additional prey population 
support functions.
    (ii) Other lands adjacent to the Alameda whipsnake's home range as 
described in PCE 1, i.e., scrub communities with a mosaic of open and 
closed canopy of varying vegetation types: Other lands adjacent to PCE 
1 composed of either one or both woodland or annual grassland 
vegetation series such as blue oak, coast live oak (Quercus sp.), 
California bay (Umbellularia californica), California buckeye, and 
California annual grassland vegetation series (as identified in the 
Manual of California Vegetation (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995), A Guide 
to Wildlife Habitats of California (Mayer and Laudenslayer 1988), and 
California Wildlife Habitat Relationship System (CDFG 1998)) are PCE 2. 
These vegetation series establish a pattern of vegetation which provide 
opportunities for:
    (A) Foraging by allowing snakes to come in contact with and 
visualize, track, and capture prey (especially western fence lizards 
along with other prey such as skinks, frogs, birds);
    (B) Short and long distance dispersal within, between, or to 
adjacent to areas containing essential features (i.e., PCE 1 or PCE 3); 
and
    (C) Contact with other Alameda whipsnakes for mating and 
reproduction.
    (iii) Rock outcrops, talus, and small mammal burrows within the 
essential core scrub or adjacent areas containing essential features 
identified in PCE 1 and 2: Rock outcrops, talus, and small mammal 
burrows within either rock outcrops or grassland or other vegetation 
series identified in PCE 2 located in close proximity to or embedded 
within those essential core scrub/shrub areas (PCE 1) and intervening 
non-scrub communities (PCE 2) that support a prey base, are PCE 3. 
These areas are used for retreats (shelter), hibernacula, foraging, 
dispersal, mating, and provide additional prey population support 
functions.
    (3) Critical habitat does not include manmade structures existing 
on the effective date of this rule such as buildings, aqueducts, 
airports, and roads, and the land on which such structures are located.
    (4) GIS data layers defining map units were created on a base of 
USGS 7.5' quadrangles, and critical habitat units were then mapped 
using Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates.
    (5) Note: Map 1 (index map) follows:
BILLING CODE 4310-55-U

[[Page 60627]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18OC05.000

BILLING CODE 4310-55-C

[[Page 60628]]

    (6) Unit 1: Tilden-Briones Unit, Alameda and Contra Costa Counties, 
California.
    (i) From USGS 1:24,000 scale quadrangles Benicia, Richmond, Briones 
Valley, Walnut Creek. Land bounded by the following UTM Zone 10, NAD83 
coordinates (E,N): 568816,4192719; 568794,4192710; 568668,4192690; 
568516,4192684; 568350,4192684; 568198,4192684; 568154,4192688; 
568059,4192697; 567874,4192737; 567735,4192796; 567596,4192862; 
567470,4192915; 567365,4192955; 567193,4193015; 567014,4193041; 
566895,4193034; 566776,4192988; 566650,4192915; 566650,4192915; 
566627,4192907; 566624,4192906; 566624,4192905; 566624,4192905; 
566597,4192895; 566552,4192888; 566521,4192917; 566488,4192936; 
566462,4192947; 566440,4192960; 566427,4192961; 566400,4192966; 
566374,4192986; 566356,4193003; 566343,4193028; 566329,4193054; 
566313,4193082; 566303,4193114; 566300,4193137; 566308,4193173; 
566304,4193194; 566299,4193206; 566295,4193224; 566289,4193242; 
566272,4193263; 566264,4193283; 566257,4193304; 566244,4193328; 
566218,4193353; 566191,4193372; 566172,4193392; 566153,4193417; 
566142,4193427; 566130,4193452; 566116,4193473; 566110,4193492; 
566107,4193514; 566107,4193528; 566135,4193541; 566161,4193552; 
566206,4193554; 566224,4193561; 566242,4193562; 566256,4193561; 
566279,4193564; 566318,4193554; 566350,4193555; 566369,4193539; 
566383,4193537; 566412,4193510; 566443,4193494; 566492,4193479; 
566516,4193476; 566576,4193472; 566614,4193469; 566635,4193452; 
566659,4193446; 566685,4193446; 566726,4193452; 566775,4193453; 
566815,4193462; 566865,4193470; 566882,4193472; 566928,4193481; 
566957,4193473; 566973,4193477; 566999,4193498; 567067,4193498; 
567140,4193530; 567231,4193610; 567262,4193679; 567196,4193738; 
567112,4193745; 567064,4193797; 566998,4193888; 566914,4193947; 
566907,4193947; 566744,4194028; 566704,4194054; 566645,4194123; 
566629,4194171; 566590,4194250; 566542,4194313; 566475,4194340; 
566430,4194341; 566357,4194341; 566306,4194332; 566236,4194326; 
566187,4194311; 566166,4194288; 566181,4194263; 566226,4194236; 
566297,4194219; 566346,4194200; 566359,4194141; 566321,4194109; 
566219,4194071; 566123,4194045; 566121,4194043; 566085,4194028; 
566045,4194009; 566000,4193982; 565973,4193974; 565949,4193974; 
565929,4193985; 565924,4194001; 565935,4194013; 565972,4194030; 
565986,4194039; 565987,4194043; 565994,4194065; 565999,4194093; 
565974,4194197; 565965,4194189; 565956,4194186; 565953,4194186; 
565949,4194187; 565945,4194192; 565943,4194195; 565945,4194202; 
565948,4194209; 565948,4194210; 565950,4194215; 565949,4194231; 
565939,4194249; 565923,4194263; 565904,4194273; 565885,4194283; 
565866,4194296; 565852,4194308; 565845,4194312; 565841,4194314; 
565831,4194315; 565821,4194311; 565811,4194302; 565798,4194289; 
565779,4194291; 565761,4194300; 565755,4194322; 565755,4194340; 
565752,4194362; 565770,4194383; 565785,4194398; 565819,4194420; 
565866,4194442; 565891,4194460; 565919,4194465; 565958,4194462; 
565969,4194455; 565986,4194446; 566001,4194440; 566020,4194434; 
566040,4194431; 566058,4194437; 566074,4194447; 566088,4194458; 
566099,4194472; 566109,4194480; 566121,4194495; 566126,4194508; 
566112,4194521; 566103,4194532; 566069,4194560; 566057,4194586; 
566045,4194618; 566026,4194655; 566019,4194681; 566006,4194705; 
565985,4194738; 565976,4194749; 565920,4194749; 565872,4194728; 
565854,4194719; 565832,4194719; 565820,4194726; 565795,4194734; 
565773,4194719; 565761,4194712; 565747,4194694; 565734,4194685; 
565721,4194674; 565702,4194663; 565686,4194654; 565668,4194651; 
565650,4194655; 565637,4194648; 565622,4194645; 565601,4194642; 
565588,4194640; 565575,4194637; 565559,4194637; 565538,4194643; 
565522,4194648; 565509,4194650; 565472,4194660; 565458,4194661; 
565442,4194671; 565435,4194687; 565439,4194719; 565454,4194754; 
565456,4194779; 565460,4194815; 565455,4194847; 565447,4194877; 
565445,4194905; 565447,4194921; 565447,4194956; 565448,4194986; 
565456,4195011; 565466,4195024; 565463,4195042; 565454,4195052; 
565441,4195063; 565419,4195084; 565408,4195090; 565396,4195102; 
565382,4195127; 565370,4195137; 565359,4195146; 565343,4195143; 
565325,4195121; 565306,4195101; 565295,4195090; 565281,4195074; 
565258,4195057; 565219,4195034; 565190,4195018; 565160,4195014; 
565127,4195009; 565113,4195012; 565081,4195008; 565051,4194998; 
565029,4194989; 565013,4194970; 564996,4194953; 564979,4194948; 
564964,4194951; 564949,4194967; 564948,4194986; 564949,4195005; 
564953,4195018; 564955,4195044; 564957,4195058; 564951,4195077; 
564942,4195097; 564931,4195114; 564920,4195131; 564911,4195141; 
564876,4195174; 564861,4195179; 564840,4195187; 564817,4195200; 
564795,4195226; 564762,4195259; 564738,4195281; 564712,4195315; 
564683,4195340; 564665,4195356; 564642,4195375; 564626,4195391; 
564612,4195406; 564592,4195421; 564575,4195441; 564565,4195453; 
564553,4195473; 564540,4195468; 564532,4195474; 564512,4195476; 
564481,4195468; 564449,4195463; 564420,4195458; 564390,4195452; 
564373,4195446; 564348,4195701; 564487,4195799; 564397,4195881; 
564368,4195873; 564342,4195867; 564314,4195886; 564283,4195904; 
564263,4195925; 564253,4195948; 564232,4195968; 564224,4195980; 
564213,4196012; 564194,4196038; 564172,4196029; 564139,4196011; 
564101,4195997; 564069,4195996; 564028,4196023; 564005,4196063; 
563978,4196099; 563970,4196131; 563963,4196161; 563954,4196194; 
563912,4196245; 563874,4196195; 563837,4196235; 563814,4196215; 
563672,4196374; 563668,4196379; 563374,4196709; 563398,4196736; 
563353,4196786; 563374,4196806; 563372,4196815; 563368,4196838; 
563324,4196856; 563294,4196891; 563274,4196912; 563271,4196960; 
563277,4196964; 563271,4196972; 563265,4196984; 563255,4196996; 
563235,4197007; 563205,4197055; 563186,4197043; 563163,4197088; 
563149,4197105; 563120,4197133; 563107,4197145; 563084,4197172; 
563070,4197195; 563045,4197174; 563026,4197197; 563000,4197243; 
562983,4197271; 562945,4197316; 562925,4197338; 562792,4197491; 
562755,4197535; 562721,4197596; 562710,4197616; 562691,4197651; 
562660,4197663; 562660,4197668; 562654,4197671; 562641,4197682; 
562622,4197704; 562612,4197722; 562597,4197755; 562582,4197785; 
562563,4197812; 562545,4197821; 562522,4197832; 562498,4197840; 
562481,4197843; 562454,4197845; 562433,4197852; 562412,4197866; 
562392,4197882; 562380,4197892; 562385,4197969; 562334,4197999; 
562286,4198022; 562253,4198072; 562234,4198106; 562340,4198202; 
562293,4198255; 562274,4198273; 562204,4198341; 562172,4198372; 
562161,4198373; 562136,4198392; 562126,4198391; 562028,4198432; 
561938,4198488; 561911,4198517; 561858,4198567; 561833,4198643; 
561789,4198671; 561716,4198706;

[[Page 60629]]


561475,4198986; 561222,4199269; 561229,4199290; 561241,4199326; 
561058,4199464; 561057,4199464; 561046,4199476; 560935,4199588; 
560590,4199939; 560545,4199874; 560535,4199859; 560524,4199843; 
560435,4199926; 560447,4199939; 560510,4200002; 560509,4200103; 
560508,4200141; 560507,4200172; 560445,4200222; 560418,4200390; 
560502,4200435; 560502,4200435; 560499,4200577; 560482,4200603; 
560460,4200629; 560443,4200647; 560423,4200667; 560410,4200681; 
560384,4200707; 560347,4200709; 560305,4200700; 560224,4200695; 
560218,4200724; 560170,4200698; 560075,4200679; 560069,4200592; 
560069,4200590; 560066,4200591; 560040,4200605; 559975,4200626; 
559910,4200633; 559865,4200650; 559821,4200653; 559787,4200684; 
559678,4200689; 559675,4200682; 559668,4200687; 559655,4200696; 
559633,4200718; 559617,4200742; 559611,4200753; 559601,4200788; 
559591,4200818; 559589,4200848; 559600,4200866; 559610,4200873; 
559622,4200883; 559668,4200910; 559715,4200943; 559727,4200952; 
559753,4200969; 559781,4200994; 559806,4201021; 559817,4201037; 
559840,4201073; 559850,4201093; 559874,4201113; 559895,4201123; 
559909,4201130; 559929,4201135; 559955,4201148; 560009,4201170; 
560047,4201192; 560059,4201212; 560058,4201230; 560055,4201250; 
560049,4201289; 560047,4201306; 560041,4201332; 560035,4201363; 
560029,4201381; 560024,4201403; 560018,4201432; 560016,4201456; 
560009,4201486; 560008,4201508; 560027,4201518; 560061,4201509; 
560277,4201575; 560304,4201584; 560308,4201587; 560316,4201583; 
560411,4201602; 560673,4201602; 560694,4201602; 560784,4201604; 
560794,4201635; 560795,4201674; 560794,4201701; 560795,4201737; 
560793,4201770; 560784,4201808; 560789,4201847; 560781,4201888; 
560778,4201912; 560787,4201944; 560802,4201953; 560814,4201960; 
560827,4201961; 560841,4201962; 560859,4201967; 560885,4201957; 
560924,4201964; 560963,4201972; 561010,4201974; 561046,4201975; 
561085,4201974; 561112,4201969; 561131,4201962; 561143,4201941; 
561158,4201908; 561162,4201880; 561176,4201857; 561200,4201847; 
561244,4201832; 561286,4201830; 561337,4201830; 561384,4201835; 
561422,4201840; 561464,4201835; 561497,4201814; 561518,4201778; 
561523,4201757; 561522,4201714; 561523,4201670; 561535,4201628; 
561567,4201583; 561633,4201578; 561664,4201585; 561676,4201599; 
561698,4201630; 561743,4201673; 561773,4201694; 561793,4201727; 
561809,4201771; 561825,4201815; 561840,4201826; 561863,4201820; 
561892,4201798; 561922,4201775; 561950,4201759; 561983,4201753; 
562031,4201743; 562087,4201741; 562142,4201740; 562201,4201735; 
562251,4201731; 562327,4201726; 562402,4201715; 562451,4201695; 
562483,4201684; 562515,4201676; 562520,4201673; 562524,4201668; 
562648,4201533; 562609,4201434; 562618,4201405; 562618,4201401; 
562629,4201363; 562660,4201340; 562698,4201311; 562741,4201294; 
562778,4201281; 562820,4201273; 562852,4201262; 562877,4201265; 
562892,4201277; 562923,4201298; 562949,4201336; 562974,4201369; 
563001,4201384; 563007,4201373; 563208,4201106; 563205,4201067; 
563205,4201065; 563161,4201021; 563142,4200970; 563186,4200952; 
563142,4200832; 563139,4200818; 563123,4200790; 563125,4200770; 
563146,4200742; 563162,4200718; 563186,4200699; 563215,4200696; 
563243,4200706; 563272,4200721; 563288,4200746; 563308,4200752; 
563332,4200763; 563376,4200779; 563421,4200784; 563442,4200782; 
563501,4200700; 563552,4200705; 563575,4200685; 563598,4200656; 
563709,4200752; 563829,4200743; 564014,4200365; 564039,4200383; 
564043,4200372; 564054,4200336; 564087,4200298; 564131,4200262; 
564176,4200238; 564206,4200230; 564240,4200230; 564288,4200239; 
564318,4200251; 564348,4200269; 564383,4200299; 564422,4200330; 
564466,4200350; 564498,4200363; 564540,4200391; 564575,4200417; 
564612,4200445; 564623,4200459; 564628,4200460; 564628,4200465; 
564626,4200508; 564625,4200550; 564601,4200580; 564489,4200581; 
564471,4200581; 564471,4200584; 564477,4200616; 564487,4200636; 
564471,4200649; 564475,4200653; 564528,4200688; 564593,4200648; 
564634,4200740; 564648,4200799; 564514,4200855; 564437,4200917; 
564365,4200985; 564332,4201032; 564294,4201014; 564285,4201011; 
564265,4201031; 564236,4201060; 564207,4201086; 564224,4201161; 
564184,4201193; 564147,4201209; 564148,4201210; 564178,4201233; 
564210,4201259; 564246,4201295; 564274,4201321; 564316,4201359; 
564319,4201361; 564442,4201318; 564455,4201349; 564461,4201348; 
564501,4201340; 564549,4201331; 564564,4201357; 564567,4201388; 
564566,4201432; 564555,4201478; 564531,4201503; 564495,4201540; 
564480,4201553; 564654,4201564; 564602,4201626; 564638,4201649; 
564692,4201649; 564764,4201721; 564810,4201767; 564900,4201803; 
564973,4201957; 565036,4202002; 565145,4201993; 565263,4202011; 
565354,4202038; 565390,4201984; 565444,4201984; 565535,4201921; 
565616,4201757; 565689,4201739; 565707,4201776; 565761,4201748; 
565807,4201767; 565825,4201803; 565916,4201839; 565943,4201739; 
565861,4201667; 565816,4201585; 565816,4201522; 565897,4201576; 
566015,4201603; 566079,4201522; 566197,4201495; 566287,4201513; 
566323,4201540; 566396,4201549; 566441,4201612; 566423,4201694; 
566378,4201803; 566342,4201893; 566278,4201975; 566233,4202066; 
566224,4202093; 566242,4202183; 566251,4202256; 566414,4202156; 
566421,4202175; 566459,4202274; 566532,4202637; 566577,4203099; 
566668,4203507; 567592,4204522; 568182,4205111; 568472,4205447; 
568476,4205455; 568831,4206130; 568847,4206125; 568875,4206127; 
568906,4206134; 568926,4206141; 568939,4206151; 568947,4206174; 
568941,4206195; 568937,4206225; 568932,4206254; 568928,4206288; 
568927,4206308; 568925,4206339; 568921,4206370; 568913,4206408; 
568910,4206442; 568899,4206491; 568895,4206528; 568900,4206560; 
568915,4206578; 568948,4206582; 568959,4206575; 568975,4206565; 
568998,4206552; 569027,4206533; 569052,4206513; 569089,4206488; 
569127,4206468; 569163,4206457; 569207,4206436; 569241,4206414; 
569271,4206411; 569306,4206389; 569333,4206380; 569376,4206378; 
569391,4206415; 569400,4206433; 569400,4206513; 569403,4206596; 
569397,4206647; 569375,4206689; 569320,4206753; 569275,4206791; 
569231,4206839; 569195,4206859; 569173,4206878; 569173,4206904; 
569224,4206929; 569269,4206942; 569317,4206952; 569368,4206958; 
569439,4206971; 569512,4206993; 569560,4207000; 569653,4207009; 
569717,4207019; 569781,4207019; 569826,4207028; 569839,4207044; 
569861,4207055; 569880,4207074; 569899,4207089; 569928,4207115; 
569965,4207146; 570045,4207198; 570111,4207248; 570172,4207285; 
570215,4207316; 570262,4207355; 570304,4207381; 570355,4207412; 
570424,4207449; 570451,4207464; 570507,4207492; 570534,4207505; 
570605,4207531; 570687,4207563; 570733,4207594; 570760,4207613;

[[Page 60630]]

570788,4207630; 570820,4207650; 570850,4207667; 570868,4207677; 
570918,4207695; 570966,4207705; 571001,4207706; 571057,4207695; 
571070,4207694; 571112,4207711; 571145,4207731; 571159,4207740; 
571170,4207748; 571214,4207783; 571248,4207829; 571264,4207848; 
571286,4207865; 571309,4207875; 571370,4207888; 571421,4207892; 
571456,4207896; 571497,4207895; 571550,4207894; 571617,4207896; 
571671,4207893; 571706,4207895; 571744,4207892; 571777,4207886; 
571811,4207880; 571860,4207871; 571900,4207859; 571961,4207836; 
571997,4207824; 572010,4207821; 572096,4207796; 572124,4207776; 
572155,4207742; 572185,4207709; 572219,4207674; 572245,4207647; 
572261,4207633; 572291,4207609; 572309,4207594; 572318,4207585; 
572336,4207561; 572350,4207536; 572369,4207506; 572385,4207476; 
572402,4207449; 572424,4207421; 572450,4207395; 572491,4207352; 
572526,4207323; 572564,4207295; 572589,4207272; 572622,4207237; 
572641,4207215; 572666,4207187; 572699,4207151; 572733,4207112; 
572768,4207070; 572791,4207041; 572815,4207014; 572831,4206995; 
572845,4206979; 572858,4206959; 572864,4206944; 572878,4206912; 
572881,4206900; 572897,4206859; 572909,4206820; 572924,4206769; 
572934,4206708; 572945,4206655; 572950,4206603; 572952,4206576; 
572955,4206545; 572957,4206510; 572963,4206472; 572969,4206440; 
572976,4206417; 572987,4206395; 573004,4206355; 573022,4206317; 
573043,4206272; 573057,4206243; 573073,4206211; 573094,4206178; 
573116,4206145; 573133,4206121; 573147,4206103; 573180,4206076; 
573205,4206061; 573239,4206048; 573264,4206043; 573281,4206042; 
573300,4206040; 573350,4206038; 573368,4206037; 573405,4206034; 
573453,4206014; 573478,4205993; 573511,4205970; 573542,4205949; 
573613,4205923; 573679,4205909; 573702,4205901; 573714,4205898; 
573740,4205895; 573800,4205892; 573879,4205889; 573957,4205890; 
574007,4205890; 574050,4205891; 574081,4205892; 574182,4205885; 
574218,4205871; 574272,4205858; 574344,4205841; 574407,4205826; 
574430,4205822; 574472,4205813; 574520,4205802; 574554,4205797; 
574589,4205795; 574638,4205745; 574687,4205708; 574737,4205663; 
574789,4205614; 574835,4205564; 574873,4205508; 574890,4205463; 
574898,4205445; 574925,4205416; 574947,4205386; 574948,4205327; 
574950,4205216; 574953,4205090; 574988,4205087; 575042,4204930; 
575062,4204924; 575111,4204861; 575111,4204836; 575172,4204793; 
575241,4204764; 575416,4204759; 575468,4204711; 575555,4204713; 
575553,4204762; 575663,4204768; 575768,4204779; 575854,4204792; 
575859,4204779; 576227,4204939; 576222,4204952; 576383,4205009; 
576392,4205002; 576402,4204994; 576413,4204977; 576471,4204831; 
576517,4204744; 576518,4204744; 576520,4204737; 576537,4204692; 
576563,4204635; 576588,4204586; 576613,4204538; 576635,4204495; 
576656,4204446; 576675,4204407; 576700,4204359; 576724,4204321; 
576743,4204271; 576754,4204241; 576770,4204197; 576783,4204152; 
576795,4204097; 576800,4204053; 576795,4204005; 576791,4203960; 
576765,4203912; 576750,4203894; 576765,4203871; 576573,4203766; 
576477,4203728; 576427,4203685; 576426,4203684; 576431,4203680; 
576441,4203672; 576448,4203667; 576465,4203672; 576511,4203685; 
576513,4203685; 576546,4203664; 576700,4203708; 576699,4203675; 
576712,4203673; 576729,4203671; 576712,4203531; 576654,4203432; 
576645,4203426; 576637,4203399; 576627,4203344; 576612,4203308; 
576609,4203299; 576608,4203299; 576585,4203295; 576559,4203305; 
576542,4203296; 576528,4203277; 576518,4203265; 576494,4203262; 
576457,4203257; 576412,4203264; 576358,4203250; 576332,4203263; 
576215,4203352; 576217,4203332; 576218,4203332; 576218,4203330; 
576219,4203319; 576156,4203317; 576140,4203316; 576129,4203292; 
576136,4203265; 575971,4203325; 575985,4203337; 575981,4203430; 
575812,4203328; 575812,4203328; 575813,4203332; 575793,4203351; 
575733,4203379; 575600,4203414; 575550,4203365; 575550,4203365; 
575544,4203371; 575528,4203379; 575484,4203433; 575442,4203433; 
575406,4203351; 575400,4203338; 575394,4203338; 574863,4203334; 
574863,4203334; 574816,4203333; 574814,4203317; 574805,4203293; 
574789,4203257; 574773,4203228; 574746,4203193; 574722,4203163; 
574695,4203133; 574665,4203106; 574677,4203080; 574665,4203035; 
574719,4202955; 574744,4202888; 574773,4202784; 574779,4202765; 
574777,4202755; 574769,4202706; 574785,4202699; 574788,4202678; 
574793,4202627; 574798,4202578; 574803,4202544; 574446,4202541; 
574352,4202580; 574354,4202445; 574446,4202434; 574534,4202424; 
574559,4202422; 574596,4202398; 574639,4202361; 574686,4202347; 
574749,4202325; 574734,4202316; 574700,4202310; 574679,4202319; 
574650,4202325; 574622,4202340; 574597,4202348; 574566,4202347; 
574557,4202331; 574564,4202309; 574574,4202293; 574593,4202276; 
574623,4202258; 574654,4202248; 574684,4202238; 574706,4202226; 
574737,4202205; 574758,4202188; 574781,4202170; 574781,4202172; 
574783,4202184; 574846,4202186; 574855,4202199; 574862,4202235; 
574877,4202256; 574927,4202280; 574933,4202300; 574974,4202269; 
574973,4202239; 574964,4201505; 575052,4201535; 575241,4201597; 
575195,4201668; 575198,4201759; 575232,4201791; 575271,4201928; 
575242,4201927; 575276,4202021; 575534,4202030; 575603,4201994; 
575630,4201998; 575934,4202051; 576037,4201903; 575925,4201664; 
575940,4201645; 575959,4201630; 575979,4201619; 576000,4201612; 
576024,4201610; 576038,4201606; 576045,4201614; 576066,4201544; 
576150,4201518; 576170,4201561; 576165,4201595; 576222,4201746; 
576282,4201829; 576248,4201881; 576272,4201920; 576235,4201988; 
576323,4202106; 576390,4202154; 576421,4202154; 576452,4202128; 
576506,4202156; 576554,4202156; 576553,4202325; 576572,4202357; 
576752,4202358; 576822,4202289; 576913,4202375; 576922,4202382; 
576934,4202365; 576961,4202338; 576988,4202306; 577016,4202282; 
577035,4202279; 577057,4202280; 577079,4202300; 577096,4202321; 
577104,4202338; 577110,4202362; 577127,4202369; 577142,4202361; 
577143,4202360; 577165,4202394; 577276,4202319; 577286,4202312; 
577299,4202332; 577375,4202446; 577370,4202469; 577358,4202508; 
577328,4202547; 577295,4202574; 577291,4202575; 577261,4202610; 
577272,4202622; 577191,4202613; 577186,4202604; 577102,4202647; 
577004,4202699; 576997,4202698; 576967,4202695; 576954,4202695; 
576903,4202757; 576898,4202764; 576879,4202771; 576865,4202787; 
576861,4202806; 576863,4202821; 576864,4202822; 576857,4202826; 
576834,4202850; 576825,4202860; 576810,4202852; 576807,4202859; 
576803,4202885; 576806,4202886; 576806,4202886; 576795,4202904; 
576806,4202918; 576804,4202960; 576824,4202960; 576829,4203023; 
576828,4203083; 576809,4203080; 576809,4203083; 576811,4203113; 
576822,4203124; 576826,4203141; 576871,4203175; 576875,4203164;

[[Page 60631]]

576875,4203164; 576876,4203165; 576897,4203150; 576931,4203258; 
576973,4203390; 576955,4203427; 576963,4203455; 576949,4203459; 
576995,4203594; 577025,4203581; 577050,4203637; 577032,4203654; 
577085,4203711; 577062,4203730; 577063,4203731; 577045,4203748; 
577064,4203768; 577070,4203780; 577090,4203780; 577122,4203780; 
577152,4203809; 577123,4203838; 577122,4203839; 577126,4203855; 
577126,4203856; 577128,4203858; 577130,4203871; 577129,4203872; 
577128,4203872; 577123,4203886; 577128,4203890; 577248,4203967; 
577503,4204117; 577524,4204130; 577581,4204065; 577547,4204027; 
577516,4203997; 577478,4203946; 577496,4203906; 577427,4203867; 
577404,4203859; 577381,4203855; 577356,4203855; 577348,4203849; 
577347,4203843; 577350,4203832; 577354,4203829; 577370,4203789; 
577398,4203786; 577468,4203821; 577544,4203867; 577613,4203946; 
577628,4203963; 577637,4203955; 577728,4203834; 577827,4203697; 
577839,4203724; 577842,4203721; 577878,4203682; 577922,4203646; 
577968,4203601; 578004,4203568; 578032,4203538; 578036,4203533; 
577989,4203469; 578035,4203421; 578041,4203420; 578026,4203410; 
577997,4203384; 577972,4203354; 577964,4203342; 577926,4203313; 
577834,4203315; 577836,4203269; 577888,4203272; 577940,4203186; 
577956,4203244; 577966,4203246; 578004,4203264; 578032,4203296; 
578067,4203326; 578090,4203349; 578146,4203330; 578173,4203288; 
578187,4203263; 578199,4203229; 578202,4203204; 578222,4203168; 
578242,4203139; 578238,4203134; 578287,4203060; 578331,4202980; 
578377,4203024; 578400,4203000; 578413,4203008; 578439,4202982; 
578457,4202958; 578472,4202938; 578479,4202910; 578463,4202880; 
578446,4202864; 578404,4202846; 578354,4202821; 578317,4202804; 
578296,4202788; 578283,4202763; 578294,4202728; 578311,4202694; 
578326,4202674; 578342,4202655; 578380,4202644; 578420,4202642; 
578455,4202648; 578497,4202651; 578536,4202658; 578585,4202686; 
578609,4202712; 578640,4202741; 578659,4202763; 578673,4202772; 
578690,4202774; 578708,4202769; 578735,4202752; 578755,4202730; 
578782,4202696; 578808,4202675; 578840,4202679; 578866,4202692; 
578904,4202707; 578945,4202699; 578979,4202684; 579013,4202665; 
579036,4202647; 579053,4202628; 579077,4202605; 579074,4202582; 
579053,4202561; 579022,4202548; 578985,4202534; 578959,4202523; 
578952,4202505; 578944,4202480; 578933,4202447; 578907,4202425; 
578880,4202417; 578843,4202414; 578797,4202416; 578774,4202415; 
578748,4202413; 578745,4202394; 578760,4202376; 578802,4202363; 
578839,4202358; 578866,4202350; 578689,4202259; 578647,4202240; 
578514,4202180; 578556,4202165; 578418,4202044; 578395,4202016; 
578347,4201956; 578167,4202075; 578180,4202322; 578129,4202378; 
578067,4202323; 578065,4202314; 578053,4202305; 578040,4202279; 
578030,4202240; 578016,4202196; 578006,4202168; 577990,4202146; 
577967,4202130; 577933,4202116; 577896,4202112; 577877,4202109; 
577851,4202131; 577816,4202100; 577782,4202069; 577749,4202101; 
577564,4202280; 577485,4202199; 577485,4202199; 577485,4202198; 
577460,4202173; 577370,4202080; 577376,4202072; 577433,4202019; 
577363,4201778; 577331,4201778; 577332,4201711; 577396,4201713; 
577394,4201779; 577428,4201779; 577430,4201779; 577512,4201779; 
577530,4201779; 577537,4201779; 577537,4201770; 577538,4201706; 
577545,4201705; 577544,4201700; 577540,4201671; 577542,4201638; 
577541,4201632; 577538,4201611; 577536,4201564; 577534,4201530; 
577538,4201529; 577538,4201402; 577538,4201293; 577537,4201253; 
577536,4201192; 577535,4201120; 577534,4201081; 577536,4201079; 
577534,4201077; 577533,4201030; 577538,4200585; 577552,4200594; 
577608,4200632; 577613,4200617; 577621,4200607; 577640,4200605; 
577659,4200614; 577681,4200630; 577705,4200650; 577728,4200669; 
577767,4200692; 577786,4200702; 577810,4200710; 577827,4200701; 
577834,4200697; 577849,4200689; 578289,4200465; 578511,4200312; 
578408,4200202; 578408,4200201; 578384,4200180; 578284,4200090; 
578248,4200058; 578332,4199980; 578336,4199979; 578335,4199978; 
578400,4199934; 578410,4199922; 578467,4199857; 578476,4199822; 
578457,4199735; 578361,4199646; 578289,4199669; 578237,4199677; 
578204,4199683; 578151,4199678; 578145,4199661; 578199,4199638; 
578317,4199588; 578296,4199524; 578257,4199464; 578209,4199408; 
578213,4199362; 578134,4199277; 578107,4199251; 578080,4199250; 
578043,4199213; 577984,4199186; 578027,4199158; 578065,4199194; 
578090,4199182; 578063,4199113; 578034,4199097; 577976,4199082; 
577965,4199072; 577947,4199026; 577934,4198990; 577989,4199022; 
578085,4199082; 578120,4199131; 578127,4199141; 578202,4199253; 
578307,4199384; 578293,4199408; 578332,4199460; 578353,4199450; 
578376,4199468; 578490,4199606; 578558,4199671; 578548,4199703; 
578627,4199727; 578664,4199697; 578679,4199663; 578696,4199653; 
578746,4199655; 578798,4199609; 578909,4199444; 578515,4199325; 
578494,4199343; 578464,4199342; 578443,4199319; 578444,4199289; 
578465,4199270; 578318,4199132; 578347,4199129; 578393,4199102; 
578412,4199086; 578431,4199059; 578437,4199032; 578442,4199010; 
578428,4198978; 578417,4198958; 578414,4198942; 578402,4198941; 
578203,4199021; 578194,4199011; 578213,4198971; 578220,4198933; 
578265,4198888; 578279,4198865; 578289,4198800; 578291,4198793; 
578298,4198747; 578130,4198670; 578107,4198717; 578107,4198717; 
578063,4198646; 577915,4198592; 577914,4198585; 577904,4198580; 
577903,4198581; 577892,4198559; 577878,4198531; 577861,4198504; 
577848,4198471; 577827,4198453; 577815,4198437; 577799,4198413; 
577796,4198408; 577864,4198261; 577830,4198271; 577780,4198264; 
577731,4198288; 577714,4198260; 577674,4198299; 577671,4198289; 
577672,4198262; 577673,4198232; 577679,4198218; 577680,4198196; 
577686,4198176; 577686,4198160; 577688,4198146; 577688,4198118; 
577689,4198097; 577690,4198088; 577690,4198078; 577682,4198058; 
577672,4198043; 577649,4198017; 577622,4197994; 577589,4197982; 
577556,4197977; 577556,4197951; 577562,4197928; 577572,4197905; 
577584,4197874; 577593,4197853; 577591,4197828; 577567,4197811; 
577536,4197821; 577516,4197831; 577515,4197831; 577516,4197830; 
577508,4197762; 577429,4197762; 577430,4197756; 577441,4197730; 
577451,4197711; 577474,4197673; 577482,4197666; 577488,4197672; 
577535,4197621; 577555,4197599; 577613,4197520; 577653,4197458; 
577684,4197403; 577722,4197348; 577734,4197239; 577737,4197211; 
577741,4197160; 577742,4197127; 577730,4197021; 577724,4196998; 
577737,4196969; 577766,4196954; 577768,4196921; 577735,4196882; 
577708,4196898; 577708,4196898; 577688,4196910; 577627,4196905; 
577596,4196918; 577546,4196938; 577521,4196951; 577509,4196935; 
577483,4196947; 577435,4196939; 577460,4196893; 577412,4196906;

[[Page 60632]]

577402,4196908; 577399,4196911; 577333,4196950; 577294,4196957; 
577242,4196987; 577245,4196840; 577377,4196780; 577413,4196717; 
577438,4196720; 577539,4196735; 577571,4196739; 577621,4196706; 
577720,4196591; 577741,4196567; 577710,4196462; 577815,4196397; 
577817,4196396; 577881,4196284; 577926,4196101; 577928,4196094; 
577946,4196033; 577878,4195883; 577945,4195861; 578135,4195648; 
578135,4195648; 578137,4195644; 578143,4195624; 578143,4195624; 
578080,4195527; 577980,4195616; 577981,4195727; 577958,4195735; 
577905,4195718; 577822,4195567; 577760,4195614; 577761,4195616; 
577777,4195636; 577691,4195699; 577663,4195678; 577578,4195615; 
577329,4195684; 577312,4195688; 577160,4195731; 577157,4195732; 
577125,4195731; 577072,4195730; 577077,4195742; 577099,4195794; 
577015,4195791; 577022,4195747; 577017,4195742; 577026,4195729; 
577008,4195728; 576926,4195727; 576950,4195592; 576895,4195531; 
576936,4195472; 576945,4195478; 576952,4195482; 576961,4195457; 
576950,4195432; 576946,4195423; 576949,4195401; 576946,4195383; 
576932,4195362; 576929,4195344; 576935,4195311; 576935,4195310; 
576940,4195281; 576920,4195284; 576914,4195285; 576803,4195304; 
576757,4195323; 576670,4195356; 576668,4195357; 576669,4195358; 
576705,4195420; 576704,4195475; 576626,4195509; 576615,4195496; 
576613,4195494; 576580,4195522; 576594,4195548; 576538,4195578; 
576499,4195511; 576477,4195438; 576469,4195413; 576454,4195412; 
576389,4195415; 576358,4195435; 576296,4195474; 576238,4195511; 
576169,4195539; 576170,4195542; 576170,4195542; 576090,4195574; 
576020,4195551; 575992,4195558; 575787,4195668; 575829,4195785; 
575829,4195785; 575837,4195804; 575844,4195867; 575776,4195887; 
575766,4195866; 575745,4195856; 575707,4195858; 575653,4195884; 
575639,4195878; 575622,4195870; 575591,4195870; 575590,4196115; 
574917,4196111; 574872,4196072; 574860,4196005; 574704,4196004; 
574702,4196110; 574633,4196109; 574290,4196108; 574366,4196205; 
574365,4196436; 574365,4196444; 574326,4196475; 574294,4196481; 
574227,4196520; 574173,4196532; 574112,4196537; 574000,4196554; 
573946,4196599; 573918,4196596; 573891,4196576; 573830,4196635; 
573840,4196652; 573757,4196656; 573758,4196566; 573750,4196552; 
573365,4196769; 573237,4196937; 572967,4196827; 572909,4196822; 
572715,4196763; 572675,4196764; 572599,4196749; 572520,4196762; 
572458,4196795; 572422,4196970; 572342,4197052; 572025,4197097; 
571893,4197104; 571721,4197127; 571489,4197179; 571327,4197231; 
571031,4197288; 571036,4197334; 570991,4197340; 570939,4197372; 
570919,4197410; 570873,4197450; 570800,4197494; 570797,4197491; 
570794,4197497; 570737,4197520; 570687,4197495; 570620,4197478; 
570582,4197421; 570564,4197372; 570546,4197296; 570513,4197291; 
570439,4197280; 570481,4197264; 570505,4197245; 570540,4197220; 
570529,4197198; 570492,4197209; 570433,4197226; 570473,4197138; 
570360,4197057; 570301,4197053; 570303,4197014; 570266,4196934; 
570274,4196922; 570249,4196902; 570265,4196829; 570235,4196805; 
570245,4196764; 570265,4196669; 570265,4196568; 570293,4196500; 
570298,4196498; 570294,4196490; 570343,4196413; 570371,4196368; 
570323,4196259; 570185,4196258; 570186,4196221; 570182,4196076; 
570191,4196075; 570447,4196078; 570428,4195831; 570413,4195618; 
570626,4195533; 570848,4195445; 570778,4195390; 570184,4194917; 
570160,4194904; 570115,4194878; 570071,4194857; 570058,4194848; 
570056,4194834; 569756,4194603; 569640,4194514; 569633,4194514; 
569631,4194510; 569554,4194466; 569507,4194430; 569495,4194402; 
569413,4194308; 569257,4194294; 569224,4194317; 568839,4194095; 
568798,4193986; 568832,4193941; 568867,4193955; 568902,4193912; 
568958,4193839; 568372,4193367; 568401,4193278; 568467,4193201; 
568479,4193179; 568497,4193087; 568500,4193074; 568535,4192993; 
568652,4192885; 568829,4192725; and returning to 568816,4192719; 
excluding land bounded by: 568937,4195798; 568847,4195830; 
568749,4195819; 568713,4195803; 568677,4195808; 568639,4195841; 
568570,4195855; 568532,4195880; 568504,4195885; 568438,4195877; 
568415,4195884; 568369,4195942; 568308,4195962; 568267,4196007; 
568241,4196050; 568185,4196078; 568164,4196105; 568163,4196194; 
568143,4196225; 568147,4196311; 568139,4196326; 568116,4196331; 
568098,4196351; 568070,4196442; 568006,4196475; 567946,4196576; 
567895,4196591; 567877,4196608; 567877,4196672; 567904,4196718; 
567903,4196845; 567841,4196981; 567843,4197027; 567863,4197091; 
567878,4197111; 567931,4197134; 568010,4197128; 568025,4197135; 
568026,4197148; 568027,4197161; 567994,4197181; 567862,4197169; 
567735,4197153; 567705,4197163; 567671,4197196; 567560,4197151; 
567534,4197164; 567501,4197202; 567505,4197334; 567492,4197351; 
567418,4197399; 567400,4197427; 567405,4197450; 567468,4197473; 
567468,4197516; 567371,4197520; 567351,4197533; 567340,4197576; 
567365,4197642; 567412,4197711; 567415,4197734; 567361,4197736; 
567241,4197606; 567205,4197600; 567182,4197608; 567182,4197638; 
567197,4197676; 567176,4197765; 567153,4197788; 567117,4197805; 
567056,4197817; 567030,4197845; 567030,4197893; 567012,4197906; 
566989,4197905; 566951,4197880; 566936,4197826; 566909,4197790; 
566883,4197790; 566826,4197907; 566857,4197950; 566884,4198016; 
566950,4198052; 566949,4198088; 566926,4198154; 566905,4198171; 
566860,4198174; 566811,4198148; 566749,4198084; 566642,4198088; 
566616,4198115; 566616,4198146; 566646,4198179; 566646,4198192; 
566628,4198220; 566609,4198301; 566530,4198391; 566524,4198432; 
566562,4198488; 566578,4198659; 566555,4198658; 566505,4198635; 
566434,4198556; 566406,4198560; 566383,4198581; 566350,4198631; 
566323,4198776; 566254,4198846; 566233,4198894; 566174,4198957; 
566168,4199021; 566137,4199058; 566109,4199147; 566110,4199254; 
566127,4199312; 566215,4199501; 566275,4199593; 566287,4199601; 
566341,4199604; 566396,4199653; 566565,4199746; 566737,4199831; 
566760,4199874; 566841,4199875; 566828,4199913; 566833,4199961; 
566930,4200163; 566919,4200201; 566897,4200196; 566869,4200137; 
566776,4200022; 566736,4200001; 566657,4200001; 566637,4199990; 
566592,4199916; 566562,4199885; 566519,4199862; 566372,4199812; 
566296,4199802; 566248,4199753; 566078,4199749; 565996,4199796; 
565960,4199796; 565958,4199748; 565997,4199636; 566001,4199570; 
565971,4199478; 565891,4199325; 565871,4199325; 565807,4199370; 
565686,4199435; 565566,4199576; 565444,4199631; 565418,4199725; 
565367,4199771; 565361,4199832; 565343,4199842; 565242,4199861; 
565165,4199912; 565125,4199878; 565094,4199868; 565010,4199872; 
564877,4199656; 564878,4199620; 564977,4199555; 565008,4199524; 
565015,4199497; 565039,4199385; 565060,4199332; 565083,4199317; 
565156,4199348;

[[Page 60633]]

565189,4199315; 565220,4199264; 565216,4199173; 565239,4199148; 
565346,4199105; 565346,4199075; 565313,4199018; 565314,4198968; 
565334,4198947; 565433,4198908; 565464,4198882; 565468,4198722; 
565491,4198715; 565518,4198776; 565553,4198817; 565586,4198822; 
565617,4198789; 565617,4198751; 565600,4198698; 565595,4198644; 
565618,4198609; 565621,4198543; 565650,4198470; 565653,4198406; 
565638,4198355; 565646,4198330; 565644,4198198; 565657,4198193; 
565710,4198201; 565733,4198142; 565756,4198137; 565818,4198182; 
565856,4198167; 565913,4198111; 565931,4198068; 565969,4198018; 
566006,4197947; 566008,4197922; 566026,4197914; 566089,4197714; 
566165,4197710; 566209,4197682; 566232,4197619; 566286,4197594; 
566314,4197574; 566353,4197480; 566381,4197450; 566534,4197360; 
566570,4197355; 566628,4197381; 566712,4197390; 566959,4197351; 
566959,4197318; 566806,4197119; 566799,4197083; 566809,4197063; 
566829,4197071; 566905,4197150; 566968,4197186; 567067,4197208; 
567087,4197198; 567115,4197155; 567178,4197018; 567188,4196978; 
567222,4196940; 567240,4196889; 567378,4196786; 567403,4196784; 
567434,4196820; 567456,4196830; 567487,4196831; 567494,4196818; 
567495,4196780; 567462,4196731; 567463,4196698; 567550,4196610; 
567547,4196600; 567555,4196595; 567558,4196572; 567546,4196524; 
567587,4196481; 567606,4196354; 567621,4196344; 567669,4196355; 
567697,4196330; 567718,4196276; 567711,4196256; 567645,4196238; 
567612,4196214; 567607,4196194; 567617,4196187; 567711,4196195; 
567782,4196181; 567806,4196150; 567827,4196079; 567809,4196046; 
567809,4196026; 567891,4195978; 567907,4195940; 567968,4195918; 
568064,4195911; 568092,4195901; 568116,4195871; 568134,4195821; 
568149,4195805; 568228,4195829; 568253,4195806; 568289,4195797; 
568333,4195754; 568376,4195739; 568444,4195740; 568480,4195722; 
568546,4195746; 568584,4195716; 568645,4195731; 568722,4195691; 
568762,4195692; 568815,4195733; 568815,4195743; 568830,4195756; 
568914,4195744; 568968,4195668; 569004,4195628; 569028,4195567; 
569034,4195453; 569062,4195441; 569084,4195481; 569081,4195573; 
569034,4195664; and returning to 568937,4195798; also excluding land 
bounded by: 570307,4198894; 570321,4198808; 570303,4198589; 
570275,4198541; 570235,4198533; 570165,4198588; 570167,4198669; 
570177,4198705; 570176,4198763; 570158,4198809; 570138,4198806; 
570118,4198783; 570071,4198658; 570040,4198648; 569994,4198688; 
569948,4198705; 569908,4198710; 569908,4198687; 569916,4198674; 
569936,4198632; 569939,4198591; 569932,4198563; 569872,4198471; 
569872,4198451; 569943,4198431; 569967,4198396; 569969,4198357; 
569912,4198301; 569858,4198278; 569851,4198257; 569821,4198227; 
569819,4198173; 569829,4198120; 569718,4198099; 569692,4198109; 
569597,4198209; 569398,4198385; 569349,4198461; 569313,4198461; 
569319,4198412; 569458,4198188; 569553,4198084; 569630,4197978; 
569651,4197935; 569667,4197847; 569713,4197799; 569698,4197745; 
569676,4197732; 569622,4197727; 569553,4197759; 569528,4197759; 
569528,4197731; 569569,4197665; 569567,4197615; 569540,4197579; 
569535,4197551; 569589,4197508; 569600,4197432; 569607,4197427; 
569600,4197396; 569516,4197385; 569437,4197395; 569343,4197447; 
569323,4197450; 569267,4197416; 569209,4197418; 569181,4197393; 
569171,4197372; 569169,4197319; 569182,4197258; 569193,4197159; 
569166,4197029; 569175,4196978; 569248,4196700; 569266,4196677; 
569414,4196617; 569568,4196517; 569801,4196306; 569869,4196304; 
569892,4196317; 569924,4196373; 569928,4196541; 569950,4196597; 
569983,4196618; 570110,4196619; 570145,4196647; 570153,4196683; 
570142,4196705; 570096,4196756; 570053,4196771; 569989,4196765; 
569890,4196784; 569852,4196799; 569808,4196875; 569810,4196906; 
569825,4196929; 569984,4197027; 570007,4197067; 570026,4197162; 
570054,4197167; 570092,4197152; 570156,4197145; 570166,4197155; 
570186,4197222; 570289,4197296; 570297,4197314; 570296,4197370; 
570253,4197372; 570185,4197349; 570106,4197338; 570086,4197348; 
570060,4197378; 570060,4197406; 570095,4197459; 570109,4197515; 
570162,4197574; 570166,4197717; 570203,4197783; 570291,4197903; 
570291,4197964; 570305,4198020; 570341,4198061; 570399,4198090; 
570467,4198101; 570533,4198101; 570683,4198069; 570714,4198039; 
570730,4197999; 570778,4197951; 570802,4197893; 570858,4197850; 
570915,4197741; 570979,4197686; 571068,4197649; 571112,4197621; 
571143,4197571; 571296,4197514; 571360,4197476; 571446,4197447; 
571479,4197444; 571530,4197458; 571626,4197456; 571824,4197514; 
571910,4197512; 572007,4197475; 572137,4197446; 572188,4197446; 
572370,4197486; 572418,4197512; 572555,4197536; 572601,4197508; 
572690,4197542; 572736,4197550; 572794,4197523; 572845,4197485; 
572899,4197460; 573062,4197444; 573115,4197462; 573125,4197475; 
573112,4197493; 572937,4197496; 572873,4197518; 572796,4197594; 
572788,4197617; 572803,4197696; 572777,4197700; 572765,4197690; 
572730,4197616; 572661,4197603; 572626,4197585; 572593,4197579; 
572552,4197599; 572494,4197599; 572478,4197609; 572476,4197634; 
572486,4197662; 572526,4197721; 572525,4197784; 572505,4197792; 
572492,4197782; 572427,4197641; 572418,4197603; 572397,4197580; 
572276,4197574; 572174,4197532; 572139,4197550; 572078,4197552; 
572067,4197572; 572003,4197642; 571914,4197657; 571850,4197682; 
571810,4197684; 571777,4197673; 571675,4197672; 571660,4197690; 
571583,4197702; 571583,4197776; 571557,4197775; 571517,4197752; 
571431,4197744; 571428,4197794; 571372,4197804; 571313,4197837; 
571186,4197835; 571130,4197870; 571084,4197916; 571076,4197933; 
571090,4198033; 571072,4198050; 570963,4198098; 570957,4198123; 
570970,4198166; 571000,4198194; 571071,4198218; 571098,4198246; 
571121,4198284; 571120,4198330; 571108,4198348; 571041,4198380; 
571036,4198398; 571043,4198444; 571068,4198513; 571103,4198551; 
571159,4198582; 571179,4198605; 571211,4198720; 571208,4198773; 
571187,4198796; 571154,4198795; 570986,4198618; 570917,4198620; 
570902,4198595; 570885,4198534; 570867,4198513; 570816,4198518; 
570788,4198540; 570742,4198619; 570706,4198656; 570675,4198656; 
570676,4198626; 570702,4198575; 570702,4198537; 570692,4198527; 
570651,4198516; 570628,4198526; 570580,4198574; 570534,4198581; 
570513,4198606; 570457,4198601; 570447,4198629; 570454,4198705; 
570430,4198865; 570340,4198940; 570315,4198940; and returning to 
570307,4198894.
    (ii) Note: Map 2 (Unit 1) follows:

BILLING CODE 4310-55-U

[[Page 60634]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18OC05.001

BILLING CODE 4310-55-C

[[Page 60635]]

    (7) Unit 2: Oakland-Las Trampas Unit, Alameda and Contra Costa 
Counties, California
    (i) From USGS 1:24,000 scale quadrangles Oakland East, Las Trampas 
Ridge, Diablo, and Hayward. Land bounded by the following UTM Zone 10, 
NAD83 coordinates (E,N): 571867,4188142; 571869,4188144; 
571870,4188147; 571873,4188153; 571877,4188157; 571881,4188161; 
571886,4188165; 571886,4188165; 571887,4188165; 571887,4188166; 
571888,4188166; 571970,4188166; 572045,4188160; 572146,4188147; 
572259,4188110; 572340,4188072; 572447,4188022; 572560,4187984; 
572686,4187965; 572824,4187978; 572943,4188003; 573050,4188034; 
573163,4188053; 573251,4188072; 573371,4188084; 573484,4188097; 
573597,4188103; 573710,4188122; 573804,4188122; 573898,4188116; 
573986,4188110; 574055,4188110; 574149,4188116; 574237,4188122; 
574257,4188128; 574325,4188147; 574377,4188181; 574417,4188200; 
574462,4188219; 574506,4188251; 574532,4188257; 574559,4188255; 
574595,4188243; 574671,4188202; 574720,4188178; 574784,4188151; 
574851,4188129; 574880,4188128; 574915,4188133; 574952,4188142; 
574985,4188145; 575011,4188148; 575032,4188129; 575085,4188086; 
575123,4188062; 575145,4188029; 575188,4187979; 575247,4187914; 
575286,4187884; 575323,4187866; 575346,4187881; 575374,4187887; 
575422,4187858; 575450,4187851; 575471,4187835; 575514,4187792; 
575542,4187762; 575570,4187738; 575637,4187712; 575669,4187690; 
575696,4187677; 575706,4187662; 575710,4187644; 575705,4187631; 
575693,4187617; 575685,4187605; 575714,4187557; 575731,4187532; 
575756,4187493;575778,4187453; 575796,4187419; 575810,4187401; 
575830,4187378; 575844,4187365; 575883,4187331; 575900,4187309; 
575938,4187268; 575975,4187234; 575999,4187206; 576010,4187191; 
576021,4187178; 576025,4187160; 576017,4187139; 576025,4187109; 
576034,4187085; 576054,4187060; 576071,4187037; 576103,4186998; 
576130,4186976; 576151,4186962; 576165,4186950; 576214,4186909; 
576246,4186887; 576271,4186860; 576285,4186851; 576285,4186887; 
576280,4186901; 576305,4186895; 576323,4186892; 576351,4186868; 
576365,4186840; 576382,4186826; 576403,4186793; 576410,4186758; 
576418,4186721; 576422,4186672; 576431,4186640; 576455,4186595; 
576483,4186563; 576522,4186540; 576540,4186531; 576573,4186516; 
576617,4186500; 576647,4186471; 576698,4186434; 576741,4186412; 
576784,4186389; 576828,4186362; 576865,4186341; 576890,4186319; 
576908,4186301; 576918,4186292; 576919,4186268; 576939,4186211; 
576961,4186191; 576989,4186123; 577003,4186087; 577018,4186047; 
577028,4186006; 577037,4185975; 577048,4185937; 577052,4185907; 
577044,4185888; 577014,4185884; 576994,4185863; 576992,4185806; 
577000,4185748; 577000,4185691; 576995,4185650; 576987,4185615; 
576986,4185589; 576973,4185569; 576956,4185538; 576951,4185517; 
576955,4185497; 576969,4185458; 576987,4185413; 577009,4185384; 
577020,4185357; 577034,4185341; 577052,4185346; 577078,4185351; 
577086,4185361; 577101,4185376; 577129,4185377; 577159,4185364; 
577219,4185358; 577250,4185388; 577260,4185400; 577301,4185373; 
577309,4185354; 577320,4185332; 577333,4185301; 577351,4185280; 
577383,4185260; 577414,4185254; 577441,4185255; 577491,4185234; 
577514,4185223; 577544,4185233; 577561,4185255; 577570,4185278; 
577567,4185291; 577558,4185302; 577542,4185311; 577529,4185314; 
577510,4185312; 577520,4185336; 577542,4185344; 577559,4185346; 
577583,4185348; 577601,4185349; 577630,4185345; 577650,4185329; 
577665,4185322; 577679,4185316; 577693,4185306; 577707,4185296; 
577729,4185273; 577737,4185264; 577734,4185255; 577742,4185226; 
577748,4185173; 577764,4185130; 577775,4185083; 577782,4185053; 
577802,4185000; 577810,4184990; 577859,4184961; 577874,4184960; 
577871,4184928; 577885,4184903; 577920,4184864; 577939,4184840; 
577985,4184805; 578040,4184768; 578085,4184750; 578135,4184742; 
578163,4184741; 578187,4184743; 578212,4184749; 578243,4184761; 
578249,4184800; 578243,4184825; 578238,4184875; 578240,4184897; 
578235,4184935; 578230,4184956; 578226,4184993; 578220,4185031; 
578216,4185050; 578213,4185073; 578227,4185072; 578262,4185046; 
578275,4185042; 578287,4185051; 578298,4185075; 578294,4185105; 
578281,4185129; 578292,4185145; 578303,4185170; 578320,4185191; 
578333,4185222; 578332,4185287; 578326,4185329; 578311,4185376; 
578300,4185413; 578294,4185471; 578284,4185489; 578266,4185508; 
578241,4185518; 578222,4185513; 578211,4185495; 578209,4185446; 
578215,4185404; 578216,4185342; 578209,4185297; 578202,4185265; 
578145,4185242; 578137,4185239; 578084,4185239; 578033,4185229; 
577980,4185239; 577945,4185275; 577934,4185307; 577920,4185350; 
577911,4185403; 577904,4185467; 577904,4185506; 577904,4185540; 
577907,4185634; 577926,4185691; 577956,4185791; 577977,4185843; 
577980,4185850; 578013,4185903; 578038,4185917; 578073,4185943; 
578101,4185961; 578150,4185972; 578206,4185967; 578217,4185958; 
578239,4185947; 578287,4185938; 578330,4185930; 578387,4185914; 
578427,4185911; 578457,4185918; 578486,4185957; 578504,4185965; 
578525,4185975; 578554,4185980; 578587,4185973; 578628,4185976; 
578678,4185983; 578731,4185995; 578768,4186014; 578803,4186041; 
578804,4186044; 578881,4186031; 579094,4186094; 579221,4186099; 
579275,4186121; 579352,4186171; 579424,4186243; 579528,4186334; 
579610,4186361; 579700,4186375; 579777,4186343; 579800,4186343; 
579913,4186384; 580017,4186438; 580053,4186470; 580107,4186587; 
580148,4186623; 580148,4186625; 580116,4186705; 580107,4186773; 
580053,4186881; 579854,4187288; 579795,4187311; 579736,4187393; 
579573,4187424; 579456,4187411; 579420,4187442; 579415,4187469; 
579397,4187533; 579388,4187573; 579352,4187646; 579298,4187791; 
579212,4187953; 579144,4188026; 579130,4188071; 579003,4188302; 
578832,4188302; 578773,4188324; 578732,4188347; 578672,4188405; 
578748,4188508; 578783,4188556; 578895,4188582; 578900,4188576; 
578900,4188576; 578917,4188593; 578922,4188626; 578914,4188660; 
578936,4188693; 578958,4188703; 578984,4188719; 579018,4188732; 
579048,4188745; 579062,4188775; 579063,4188778; 579180,4188868; 
579109,4188917; 579116,4188925; 579117,4188956; 579104,4188979; 
579084,4189001; 579054,4189040; 579046,4189051; 579228,4189052; 
579246,4189157; 579199,4189178; 579168,4189192; 579243,4189244; 
579295,4189281; 579295,4189354; 579217,4189314; 579201,4189306; 
579150,4189399; 579150,4189419; 579149,4189477; 578994,4189492; 
578994,4189414; 578649,4189419; 578612,4189480; 578435,4189486; 
578438,4189519; 578456,4189605; 578474,4189645; 578501,4189704; 
578519,4189713; 578551,4189736; 578619,4189790; 578696,4189835; 
578723,4189903; 578755,4189939; 578777,4189976; 578786,4190071; 
578804,4190138; 578845,4190206;

[[Page 60636]]

578881,4190270; 578913,4190272; 578896,4190263; 578938,4190252; 
578973,4190242; 578980,4190229; 579006,4190209; 579036,4190186; 
579037,4190186; 579067,4190163; 579085,4190150; 579100,4190140; 
579138,4190138; 579147,4190171; 579159,4190185; 579175,4190206; 
579190,4190256; 579201,4190290; 579241,4190339; 579249,4190414; 
579301,4190411; 579350,4190408; 579374,4190373; 579419,4190349; 
579483,4190345; 579606,4190266; 579629,4190235; 579657,4190210; 
579702,4190197; 579793,4190185; 579793,4190185; 579906,4190178; 
579954,4190194; 580009,4190148; 580042,4190149; 580041,4190145; 
580046,4190149; 580041,4190115; 580035,4190084; 580020,4190025; 
580019,4190018; 580003,4190002; 579976,4189965; 579969,4189926; 
579965,4189870; 580170,4189874; 580164,4189928; 580241,4190157; 
580242,4190158; 580246,4190154; 580346,4190092; 580385,4190071; 
580436,4190051; 580513,4190034; 580514,4190033; 580610,4190033; 
580609,4190164; 580605,4190346; 580606,4190349; 580611,4190348; 
580612,4190348; 580654,4190253; 580684,4190258; 580696,4190261; 
580714,4190266; 580734,4190284; 580653,4190471; 580655,4190477; 
580675,4190477; 580712,4190469; 580744,4190468; 580766,4190473; 
580737,4190564; 580735,4190566; 580742,4190598; 580743,4190630; 
580710,4190650; 580654,4190809; 580735,4190839; 580737,4190842; 
580737,4190842; 580695,4190930; 580686,4190949; 580687,4190949; 
580781,4191063; 580791,4191055; 580848,4191065; 580843,4191050; 
580851,4191011; 580866,4190962; 580879,4190918; 580896,4190914; 
580914,4190924; 580941,4190951; 580964,4190983; 580965,4190973; 
580958,4190948; 580962,4190927; 580979,4190903; 580991,4190885; 
581002,4190855; 581003,4190844; 581003,4190819; 581010,4190791; 
581024,4190776; 581032,4190772; 581057,4190768; 581095,4190770; 
581125,4190756; 581145,4190739; 581166,4190732; 581172,4190738; 
581231,4190723; 581287,4190700; 581309,4190678; 581307,4190657; 
581304,4190630; 581305,4190612; 581316,4190579; 581314,4190549; 
581312,4190549; 581193,4190527; 581154,4190396; 581235,4190263; 
581268,4190283; 581308,4190236; 581390,4190258; 581420,4190260; 
581423,4190218; 581421,4190198; 581424,4190175; 581433,4190158; 
581444,4190149; 581475,4190122; 581508,4190096; 581533,4190079; 
581564,4190066; 581594,4190057; 581623,4190058; 581648,4190061; 
581697,4190063; 581733,4190071; 581789,4190070; 581825,4190066; 
581848,4190054; 581868,4190025; 581881,4190004; 581906,4189988; 
581942,4189970; 581956,4189958; 581977,4189921; 581997,4189898; 
582044,4189871; 582080,4189861; 582130,4189842; 582155,4189819; 
582170,4189806; 582194,4189778; 582219,4189760; 582245,4189744; 
582271,4189729; 582295,4189723; 582337,4189715; 582382,4189698; 
582415,4189680; 582442,4189639; 582450,4189615; 582462,4189575; 
582470,4189554; 582476,4189536; 582500,4189503; 582525,4189470; 
582542,4189447; 582575,4189400; 582602,4189346; 582625,4189298; 
582636,4189283; 582645,4189280; 582790,4189203; 582960,4189113; 
582985,4189099; 583060,4189078; 583061,4189078; 583273,4189019; 
583334,4189094; 583230,4189179; 583294,4189284; 583253,4189439; 
583286,4189458; 583324,4189584; 583108,4189725; 583075,4189801; 
583072,4189804; 583072,4189817; 583067,4189850; 583065,4189867; 
583083,4189901; 583113,4189936; 583126,4189941; 583165,4189958; 
583209,4189971; 583220,4189975; 583335,4189977; 583317,4190355; 
583314,4190356; 583317,4190357; 583312,4190446; 583307,4190539; 
583306,4190565; 583336,4190623; 583337,4190625; 583375,4190663; 
583427,4190663; 583499,4190656; 583573,4190755; 583607,4190801; 
583610,4190801; 583609,4190804; 583903,4190822; 583907,4190813; 
583907,4190812; 583907,4190812; 583968,4190690; 583984,4190656; 
584086,4190447; 584114,4190392; 584026,4190377; 583964,4190357; 
583968,4190277; 583887,4190259; 583867,4190323; 583808,4190242; 
583754,4190267; 583694,4190209; 583774,4190138; 583724,4190064; 
583745,4190051; 583765,4190030; 583809,4189998; 583874,4189971; 
583935,4189920; 583964,4189871; 584061,4189766; 584100,4189670; 
584145,4189630; 584135,4189626; 584151,4189608; 584174,4189579; 
584200,4189531; 584200,4189531; 584140,4189507; 584223,4189404; 
584197,4189361; 584148,4189280; 584247,4189222; 584458,4189260; 
584458,4189260; 584481,4189245; 584499,4189212; 584434,4189155; 
584443,4189073; 584546,4189138; 584548,4189129; 584535,4189100; 
584526,4189072; 584502,4189015; 584497,4189002; 584439,4188974; 
584349,4188983; 584349,4188984; 584316,4189004; 584279,4189027; 
584246,4189036; 584226,4189016; 584283,4188956; 584336,4188914; 
584451,4188841; 584511,4188795; 584512,4188795; 584450,4188719; 
584436,4188718; 584277,4188712; 584279,4188665; 584356,4188523; 
584380,4188523; 584376,4188447; 584566,4188447; 584581,4188448; 
584619,4188391; 584619,4188391; 584619,4188391; 584628,4188377; 
584646,4188316; 584649,4188306; 584723,4188326; 584741,4188330; 
584749,4188338; 584784,4188367; 584780,4188373; 584780,4188373; 
584805,4188338; 584972,4188451; 584973,4188448; 584975,4188456; 
584996,4188470; 585065,4188374; 585116,4188289; 585131,4188251; 
585134,4188226; 585137,4188204; 585123,4188175; 585157,4188144; 
585118,4188116; 585122,4188112; 585224,4187998; 585290,4188057; 
585291,4188058; 585293,4188060; 585322,4188086; 585387,4188013; 
585336,4187981; 585336,4187981; 585365,4187930; 585370,4187915; 
585386,4187889; 585406,4187867; 585428,4187842; 585456,4187817; 
585485,4187791; 585513,4187772; 585531,4187752; 585551,4187731; 
585570,4187704; 585585,4187673; 585609,4187636; 585628,4187606; 
585641,4187618; 585647,4187621; 585695,4187639; 585709,4187663; 
585711,4187637; 585724,4187602; 585751,4187575; 585772,4187535; 
585780,4187519; 585714,4187446; 585718,4187289; 585719,4187221; 
585720,4187185; 585720,4187184; 585721,4187158; 585722,4187101; 
585729,4187080; 585729,4187079; 585753,4186996; 585808,4186921; 
585802,4186926; 585805,4186922; 585819,4186897; 585490,4187081; 
585466,4187094; 585461,4186866; 585494,4186824; 585533,4186846; 
585528,4186859; 585832,4186868; 585831,4186866; 585836,4186869; 
585891,4186735; 585890,4186735; 585902,4186689; 585720,4186691; 
585722,4186639; 585750,4186637; 585748,4186628; 585741,4186562; 
585765,4186486; 585761,4186475; 585750,4186437; 585719,4186437; 
585745,4186365; 585812,4186380; 585837,4186402; 585900,4186394; 
585934,4186390; 585988,4186401; 585995,4186425; 586025,4186439; 
586052,4186421; 586070,4186435; 586124,4186384; 586022,4186289; 
585996,4186269; 585948,4186246; 585936,4186157; 585782,4186212; 
585739,4186228; 585739,4186098; 585739,4185967; 585739,4185809; 
585955,4185947; 585968,4185930; 585971,4185926; 586013,4185871; 
585997,4185833; 585968,4185760; 585991,4185775; 586033,4185726;

[[Page 60637]]

586039,4185719; 586083,4185668; 586146,4185594; 586168,4185571; 
586190,4185558; 586248,4185471; 586238,4185448; 586342,4185521; 
586356,4185501; 586400,4185531; 586416,4185526; 586433,4185512; 
586447,4185514; 586465,4185507; 586474,4185506; 586480,4185503; 
586484,4185499; 586500,4185475; 586511,4185461; 586533,4185440; 
586556,4185418; 586571,4185396; 586577,4185379; 586582,4185359; 
586591,4185354; 586610,4185345; 586621,4185333; 586631,4185307; 
586630,4185282; 586632,4185254; 586645,4185199; 586739,4185019; 
587160,4185020; 587162,4185018; 587372,4185015; 587384,4185092; 
587392,4185136; 587415,4185157; 587435,4185174; 587435,4185174; 
587435,4185174; 587485,4185199; 587522,4185217; 587567,4185221; 
587605,4185238; 587608,4185239; 587627,4185246; 587652,4185256; 
587659,4185258; 587690,4185270; 587705,4185252; 587705,4185252; 
587705,4185252; 587694,4185239; 587695,4185200; 587704,4185161; 
587721,4185124; 587743,4185101; 587778,4185076; 587811,4185066; 
587815,4185065; 587817,4185064; 587833,4185059; 587902,4185111; 
587946,4185154; 587948,4185159; 587949,4185158; 587966,4185147; 
587940,4185119; 587932,4185097; 587882,4185037; 587882,4185037; 
587773,4184945; 587740,4184748; 587965,4184460; 588249,4184573; 
588254,4184566; 588267,4184561; 588288,4184557; 588307,4184559; 
588337,4184571; 588367,4184588; 588382,4184598; 588415,4184590; 
588445,4184575; 588479,4184530; 588503,4184503; 588518,4184470; 
588536,4184433; 588551,4184408; 588562,4184384; 588573,4184358; 
588586,4184338; 588605,4184310; 588617,4184282; 588625,4184258; 
588629,4184245; 588642,4184217; 588645,4184210; 588655,4184192; 
588932,4184209; 588954,4184164; 588958,4184164; 588971,4184151; 
588990,4184113; 588997,4184090; 589011,4184066; 589027,4184031; 
589058,4183979; 589063,4183953; 589068,4183934; 589058,4183925; 
589050,4183923; 589009,4183924; 588941,4183911; 588933,4183889; 
588977,4183792; 589121,4183474; 589036,4183450; 588877,4183409; 
588629,4183397; 588617,4183343; 588585,4183204; 588591,4183060; 
588624,4182930; 588678,4182812; 588706,4182764; 588643,4182720; 
588685,4182661; 588748,4182704; 588822,4182599; 589256,4182617; 
589529,4182206; 589528,4182109; 589513,4182107; 589491,4182097; 
589486,4182077; 589492,4182044; 589492,4182044; 589158,4182039; 
589160,4181853; 589160,4181853; 589162,4181692; 589042,4181714; 
588881,4181517; 588560,4181409; 588361,4181441; 588361,4181490; 
588355,4181901; 588056,4181855; 587726,4181803; 587756,4181737; 
587802,4181752; 587849,4181748; 587888,4181742; 587932,4181736; 
587948,4181734; 587990,4181758; 588068,4181705; 588152,4181587; 
588181,4181541; 588177,4181515; 588198,4181453; 588212,4181343; 
588241,4181315; 588185,4181121; 588188,4181098; 588168,4181097; 
588061,4181063; 588040,4181050; 588082,4180960; 588093,4180938; 
588122,4180900; 588145,4180855; 588176,4180802; 588211,4180709; 
588242,4180618; 588237,4180535; 588226,4180513; 587886,4180535; 
587878,4180652; 587855,4180731; 587792,4180864; 587690,4180958; 
587565,4180998; 587502,4180998; 587384,4180990; 587298,4181021; 
587274,4181092; 587274,4181225; 587235,4181398; 587188,4181515; 
587055,4181672; 586874,4181861; 586670,4181994; 586592,4181994; 
586521,4182017; 586474,4182064; 586419,4182096; 586372,4182112; 
586333,4182166; 586074,4182355; 585792,4182527; 585556,4182637; 
585446,4182692; 585266,4182810; 585264,4182807; 585015,4182457; 
585015,4182425; 585038,4182355; 585046,4182300; 585015,4182276; 
584968,4182198; 584944,4182127; 584936,4182049; 584968,4181915; 
584999,4181766; 584973,4181615; 584952,4181477; 584910,4181233; 
584814,4181063; 584825,4180978; 584782,4180936; 584750,4180819; 
584251,4180861; 583806,4181031; 583392,4181382; 582606,4182199; 
581871,4182797; 581863,4182804; 581831,4182687; 581842,4182581; 
581820,4182443; 581672,4182273; 581672,4182264; 581682,4182125; 
581704,4181997; 581672,4181796; 581566,4181605; 581544,4181477; 
581619,4181201; 581651,4181010; 581629,4180777; 581629,4180681; 
581714,4180639; 581873,4180575; 581980,4180479; 582001,4180278; 
582033,4180140; 582043,4179917; 582107,4179768; 582118,4179566; 
582118,4179120; 582224,4179046; 582394,4178961; 582457,4178823; 
582574,4178600; 582606,4178399; 582691,4178303; 582691,4178176; 
582744,4178059; 582680,4177857; 582691,4177730; 582797,4177443; 
582882,4177284; 582893,4177231; 582935,4177125; 583031,4177040; 
583041,4176944; 583036,4176877; 582970,4176854; 582939,4176805; 
582913,4176773; 582882,4176745; 582837,4176717; 582798,4176689; 
582776,4176658; 582779,4176647; 582808,4176613; 582856,4176588; 
582882,4176570; 582903,4176548; 582904,4176536; 582880,4176494; 
582848,4176440; 582838,4176423; 582847,4176412; 582869,4176398; 
582894,4176384; 582926,4176371; 582955,4176337; 582948,4176317; 
582925,4176285; 582894,4176252; 582866,4176226; 582862,4176182; 
582866,4176144; 582852,4176123; 582826,4176101; 582809,4176099; 
582796,4176101; 582771,4176098; 582734,4176089; 582719,4176075; 
582669,4176052; 582649,4176039; 582635,4176024; 582637,4175999; 
582636,4175967; 582649,4175926; 582665,4175887; 582686,4175855; 
582712,4175810; 582711,4175783; 582708,4175736; 582703,4175699; 
582708,4175669; 582720,4175638; 582737,4175608; 582724,4175597; 
582712,4175574; 582697,4175554; 582699,4175539; 582708,4175508; 
582709,4175506; 582687,4175494; 582639,4175468; 582618,4175434; 
582641,4175408; 582628,4175357; 582630,4175355; 582630,4175355; 
582637,4175343; 582647,4175322; 582654,4175300; 582653,4175291; 
582607,4175288; 582530,4175262; 582496,4175180; 582492,4175178; 
582446,4175182; 582316,4175238; 582237,4175262; 582171,4175315; 
582104,4175328; 582038,4175304; 581925,4175267; 581821,4175262; 
581715,4175278; 581663,4175293; 581607,4175291; 581569,4175253; 
581567,4175251; 581567,4175251; 581540,4175233; 581440,4175350; 
581239,4175537; 581168,4175640; 581136,4175763; 581117,4176047; 
581084,4176190; 581052,4176357; 581013,4176538; 581026,4176687; 
581175,4176848; 581317,4176900; 581427,4176978; 581478,4177120; 
581478,4177236; 581311,4177204; 581110,4177062; 580942,4176919; 
580833,4176616; 580787,4176396; 580820,4176261; 580871,4176144; 
580942,4175989; 580858,4175938; 580816,4175992; 580805,4176080; 
580690,4176299; 580633,4176448; 580621,4176690; 580667,4176828; 
579816,4177334; 579793,4177426; 579781,4177564; 579793,4177737; 
579793,4177818; 579666,4177956; 579597,4178082; 579597,4178151; 
579816,4178174; 580000,4178232; 580149,4178335; 580264,4178485; 
580172,4178565; 580057,4178807; 580011,4178957; 579908,4179198; 
579827,4179463; 579770,4179647; 579747,4179808; 579741,4179808; 
579597,4179808; 579597,4179818; 579589,4179826; 579578,4179955;

[[Page 60638]]

579475,4180043; 579404,4180073; 579381,4180108; 579322,4180131; 
579301,4180184; 579243,4180206; 579225,4180234; 579222,4180264; 
579168,4180310; 579168,4180365; 579122,4180398; 579124,4180423; 
579184,4180480; 579184,4180531; 579103,4180540; 579092,4180558; 
579097,4180586; 579117,4180637; 579106,4180677; 579119,4180718; 
579134,4180736; 579133,4180772; 579092,4180804; 579085,4180824; 
579102,4180853; 579120,4180863; 579124,4180921; 579155,4180952; 
579228,4181001; 579288,4181123; 579287,4181169; 579246,4181217; 
579217,4181298; 579220,4181321; 579252,4181357; 579326,4181398; 
579440,4181425; 579516,4181458; 579558,4181502; 579558,4181520; 
579551,4181527; 579482,4181516; 579426,4181488; 579343,4181482; 
579282,4181461; 579249,4181464; 579208,4181483; 579188,4181481; 
579130,4181437; 579089,4181444; 579016,4181426; 578993,4181433; 
578980,4181453; 578964,4181519; 578933,4181511; 578886,4181468; 
578871,4181419; 578846,4181389; 578810,4181383; 578767,4181426; 
578756,4181454; 578753,4181492; 578727,4181545; 578700,4181535; 
578685,4181440; 578696,4181387; 578691,4181347; 578663,4181351; 
578653,4181361; 578616,4181458; 578593,4181468; 578583,4181462; 
578579,4181384; 578567,4181348; 578554,4181340; 578498,4181342; 
578473,4181317; 578435,4181334; 578379,4181300; 578278,4181282; 
578234,4181297; 578216,4181319; 578216,4181360; 578258,4181462; 
578203,4181614; 578195,4181665; 578172,4181690; 578162,4181743; 
578133,4181778; 578120,4181816; 578110,4181824; 578102,4181877; 
578028,4181884; 578018,4181894; 578007,4181942; 578060,4182047; 
578087,4182080; 578105,4182134; 578186,4182134; 578183,4182165; 
578173,4182177; 578178,4182208; 578195,4182223; 578205,4182287; 
578184,4182315; 578189,4182335; 578259,4182442; 578355,4182504; 
578413,4182515; 578451,4182561; 578517,4182590; 578588,4182595; 
578634,4182575; 578700,4182573; 578741,4182554; 578777,4182508; 
578810,4182450; 578834,4182374; 578868,4182313; 578924,4182281; 
578978,4182228; 579031,4182198; 579123,4182199; 579201,4182182; 
579322,4182112; 579375,4182123; 579473,4182169; 579575,4182173; 
579583,4182183; 579580,4182203; 579539,4182238; 579539,4182264; 
579627,4182308; 579635,4182321; 579644,4182422; 579725,4182456; 
579724,4182487; 579714,4182499; 579713,4182593; 579713,4182613; 
579680,4182606; 579660,4182580; 579650,4182519; 579585,4182460; 
579583,4182366; 579561,4182350; 579515,4182350; 579444,4182293; 
579399,4182273; 579335,4182270; 579302,4182279; 579246,4182320; 
579165,4182329; 579109,4182318; 579086,4182331; 578999,4182426; 
578962,4182523; 578954,4182571; 578928,4182586; 578855,4182608; 
578819,4182648; 578778,4182676; 578726,4182734; 578693,4182723; 
578648,4182695; 578597,4182700; 578567,4182720; 578503,4182691; 
578447,4182696; 578414,4182708; 578381,4182741; 578361,4182728; 
578349,4182659; 578280,4182623; 578227,4182625; 578217,4182587; 
578161,4182571; 578149,4182530; 578134,4182505; 578058,4182461; 
578062,4182331; 578034,4182301; 578030,4182275; 577999,4182242; 
577997,4182221; 577987,4182196; 577944,4182157; 577907,4182114; 
577886,4182116; 577866,4182136; 577840,4182197; 577799,4182242; 
577786,4182275; 577775,4182349; 577757,4182377; 577759,4182433; 
577728,4182458; 577727,4182539; 577702,4182592; 577701,4182645; 
577668,4182681; 577664,4182772; 577626,4182802; 577661,4182902; 
577628,4182901; 577579,4182886; 577531,4182895; 577480,4182948; 
577456,4183001; 577408,4183047; 577392,4183074; 577401,4183204; 
577421,4183235; 577500,4183258; 577535,4183320; 577567,4183348; 
577576,4183472; 577644,4183615; 577691,4183682; 577711,4183750; 
577734,4183789; 577746,4183842; 577766,4183881; 577902,4184014; 
577961,4184136; 577989,4184167; 578021,4184251; 578021,4184274; 
578021,4184284; 578001,4184282; 577971,4184230; 577885,4184138; 
577815,4184011; 577770,4183964; 577677,4183905; 577667,4183872; 
577538,4183744; 577516,4183655; 577436,4183522; 577391,4183483; 
577361,4183475; 577305,4183477; 577236,4183535; 577167,4183550; 
577090,4183595; 577082,4183613; 577084,4183661; 577069,4183714; 
577041,4183721; 577008,4183668; 576973,4183660; 576939,4183680; 
576891,4183720; 576895,4183796; 576869,4183834; 576862,4183862; 
576844,4183862; 576834,4183846; 576824,4183790; 576773,4183790; 
576694,4183840; 576561,4183973; 576550,4183996; 576553,4184027; 
576583,4184085; 576572,4184093; 576501,4184100; 576455,4184145; 
576403,4184236; 576374,4184358; 576351,4184398; 576338,4184441; 
576315,4184479; 576289,4184560; 576255,4184603; 576224,4184671; 
576139,4184770; 576113,4184876; 576092,4184914; 576081,4185051; 
576150,4185217; 576233,4185383; 576273,4185436; 576371,4185526; 
576381,4185557; 576378,4185590; 576360,4185625; 576354,4185673; 
576305,4185813; 576266,4185868; 576225,4185906; 576194,4185966; 
576192,4185972; 576202,4185995; 576204,4186045; 576191,4186053; 
576168,4186032; 576151,4186002; 576132,4185831; 576150,4185786; 
576205,4185677; 576205,4185662; 576215,4185652; 576233,4185599; 
576236,4185517; 576227,4185479; 576179,4185428; 576064,4185201; 
576034,4185180; 575948,4185090; 575908,4185077; 575882,4185100; 
575806,4185145; 575772,4185239; 575741,4185271; 575667,4185294; 
575657,4185291; 575657,4185258; 575696,4185218; 575701,4185177; 
575719,4185154; 575722,4185099; 575835,4184985; 575864,4184912; 
575897,4184889; 575938,4184841; 575990,4184710; 576108,4184574; 
576119,4184551; 576121,4184508; 576135,4184470; 576258,4184319; 
576266,4184273; 576299,4184215; 576308,4184167; 576349,4184088; 
576365,4184017; 576399,4183921; 576502,4183787; 576600,4183618; 
576689,4183599; 576745,4183551; 576865,4183506; 576942,4183449; 
576985,4183441; 577125,4183372; 577179,4183324; 577177,4183286; 
577164,4183260; 577160,4183232; 577183,4183197; 577186,4183154; 
577178,4183131; 577179,4183072; 577187,4183060; 577187,4182999; 
577197,4182986; 577213,4182908; 577262,4182875; 577280,4182850; 
577298,4182779; 577431,4182704; 577465,4182661; 577475,4182626; 
577496,4182588; 577540,4182451; 577563,4182416; 577569,4182317; 
577611,4182218; 577645,4182162; 577691,4182125; 577704,4182061; 
577807,4181869; 577869,4181814; 577892,4181746; 577962,4181675; 
577969,4181657; 577967,4181612; 577920,4181550; 577927,4181522; 
577945,4181500; 577984,4181419; 577977,4181388; 577959,4181378; 
577868,4181377; 577781,4181419; 577727,4181485; 577681,4181490; 
577668,4181530; 577617,4181601; 577556,4181628; 577507,4181610; 
577482,4181627; 577454,4181670; 577422,4181749; 577389,4181759; 
577371,4181774; 577358,4181814; 577333,4181847; 577309,4181920; 
577253,4181930; 577225,4181955; 577222,4181993; 577183,4182049; 
577178,4182079; 577155,4182107; 577144,4182150; 577134,4182163;

[[Page 60639]]

577083,4182162; 577058,4182172; 577047,4182190; 576994,4182220; 
576991,4182271; 576952,4182308; 576917,4182333; 576883,4182376; 
576847,4182470; 576818,4182498; 576800,4182543; 576794,4182660; 
576766,4182710; 576679,4182776; 576640,4182816; 576568,4182930; 
576545,4182983; 576522,4183010; 576506,4183015; 576502,4182975; 
576528,4182909; 576625,4182760; 576715,4182667; 576744,4182578; 
576747,4182527; 576770,4182456; 575737,4183687; 575710,4183697; 
575593,4183765; 575520,4183799; 575500,4183829; 575486,4183892; 
575476,4183970; 575413,4184009; 575325,4184048; 575286,4184092; 
575257,4184150; 575208,4184267; 575173,4184358; 574651,4184981; 
574584,4185041; 574438,4185139; 574346,4185217; 574229,4185324; 
574151,4185382; 574063,4185460; 573966,4185529; 573834,4185650; 
573795,4185709; 573727,4185821; 573639,4185933; 573532,4186016; 
573420,4186079; 573298,4186201; 573255,4186220; 573201,4186245; 
573147,4186293; 573079,4186381; 573031,4186444; 572875,4186517; 
572753,4186581; 572690,4186586; 572646,4186595; 572568,4186644; 
572529,4186737; 572485,4186771; 572280,4186912; 572134,4187019; 
572003,4187141; 571939,4187185; 571900,4187234; 571706,4187420; 
571707,4187421; 571716,4187451; 571727,4187468; 571744,4187490; 
571756,4187508; 571757,4187509; 571759,4187532; 571763,4187571; 
571791,4187646; 571825,4187732; 571832,4187744; 571768,4187924; 
571751,4187967; 571760,4187990; 571768,4188011; 571781,4188026; 
571784,4188027; 571801,4188031; 571833,4188037; 571847,4188046; 
571858,4188064; 571875,4188082; 571889,4188088; 571893,4188091; 
571896,4188095; 571896,4188099; 571894,4188105; 571889,4188115; 
571883,4188127; 571882,4188131; 571881,4188133; 571874,4188139; and 
returning to 571867,4188142.
    (ii) Note: Map 3 (Unit 2) follows:
BILLING CODE 4310-55-U

[[Page 60640]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18OC05.002

BILLING CODE 4310-55-C

[[Page 60641]]

    (8) Unit 3: Hayward-Pleasanton Ridge Unit, Alameda County, 
California
    (i) From USGS 1:24,000 scale quadrangles Hayward, Newark, Dublin, 
and Niles. Land bounded by the following UTM Zone 10, NAD83 coordinates 
(E,N): 588108,4173288; 588135,4173280; 588151,4173269; 588170,4173262; 
588185,4173256; 588193,4173250; 588220,4173238; 588252,4173225; 
588272,4173218; 588275,4173213; 588529,4173138; 588702,4173099; 
588854,4173025; 588988,4172966; 589160,4172888; 589260,4172878; 
589278,4172870; 589288,4172866; 589303,4172859; 589320,4172852; 
589334,4172847; 589349,4172841; 589372,4172834; 589405,4172822; 
589419,4172820; 589429,4172817; 589450,4172811; 589470,4172806; 
589483,4172803; 589516,4172796; 589557,4172780; 589566,4172777; 
589578,4172773; 589617,4172759; 589631,4172757; 589647,4172753; 
589657,4172751; 589675,4172749; 589701,4172744; 589711,4172741; 
589726,4172737; 589746,4172728; 589756,4172718; 589769,4172707; 
589780,4172691; 589785,4172669; 589794,4172663; 589804,4172654; 
589820,4172647; 589834,4172643; 589850,4172644; 589858,4172649; 
589859,4172653; 589866,4172649; 590046,4172523; 590097,4172410; 
590195,4172296; 590238,4172275; 590281,4172276; 590362,4172317; 
590344,4172351; 590351,4172402; 590391,4172433; 590434,4172457; 
590508,4172445; 590579,4172428; 590606,4172421; 590681,4172527; 
590734,4172567; 590740,4172568; 590754,4172571; 590773,4172574; 
590779,4172574; 590806,4172547; 590818,4172492; 590830,4172479; 
591370,4172472; 592495,4172468; 592495,4172469; 592548,4172468; 
592577,4172462; 592597,4172459; 592634,4172451; 592649,4172452; 
592664,4172451; 592673,4172450; 592640,4172397; 592706,4172349; 
592766,4172440; 592771,4172439; 592861,4172439; 592862,4172439; 
592864,4172331; 592864,4172326; 592865,4172264; 592830,4172268; 
592821,4172262; 592821,4172246; 592824,4172235; 592833,4172217; 
592837,4172207; 592848,4172192; 592856,4172180; 592737,4172211; 
592697,4172225; 592685,4172236; 592665,4172235; 592663,4172209; 
592685,4172164; 592723,4172119; 592772,4172075; 592810,4172048; 
592804,4172039; 592794,4172026; 592792,4172006; 592802,4171984; 
592833,4171939; 592851,4171927; 592785,4171852; 592786,4171803; 
592891,4171806; 592891,4171773; 592888,4171769; 592891,4171690; 
592895,4171678; 592891,4171647; 592893,4171628; 592898,4171586; 
592901,4171567; 592915,4171539; 592936,4171510; 592951,4171498; 
592960,4171492; 592977,4171490; 592996,4171486; 593012,4171482; 
593024,4171479; 593034,4171475; 593054,4171474; 593080,4171484; 
593120,4171492; 593139,4171493; 593173,4171488; 593197,4171482; 
593206,4171484; 593206,4171506; 593200,4171531; 593191,4171562; 
593174,4171601; 593174,4171602; 593177,4171602; 593208,4171640; 
593231,4171711; 593231,4171748; 593214,4171764; 593199,4171788; 
593197,4171793; 593225,4171790; 593275,4171783; 593317,4171778; 
593352,4171771; 593391,4171762; 593406,4171759; 593443,4171753; 
593473,4171758; 593530,4171760; 593571,4171766; 593604,4171765; 
593640,4171766; 593695,4171758; 593753,4171746; 593797,4171730; 
593834,4171710; 593880,4171688; 593919,4171664; 593943,4171648; 
593976,4171622; 594006,4171600; 594023,4171581; 594026,4171548; 
593988,4171476; 593945,4171435; 593856,4171366; 593770,4171299; 
593712,4171213; 593704,4171136; 593710,4171038; 593747,4170958; 
593796,4170879; 593869,4170821; 593951,4170779; 594017,4170765; 
594079,4170782; 594081,4170783; 594082,4170783; 594083,4170786; 
594115,4170830; 594117,4170833; 594140,4170830; 594148,4170813; 
594157,4170768; 594181,4170752; 594213,4170763; 594231,4170797; 
594239,4170832; 594253,4170843; 594280,4170811; 594301,4170784; 
594315,4170747; 594336,4170717; 594355,4170714; 594390,4170713; 
594412,4170728; 594542,4170730; 594644,4170753; 594708,4170777; 
594756,4170803; 594769,4170807; 594790,4170820; 594807,4170831; 
594807,4170831; 594833,4170845; 594836,4170848; 594870,4170864; 
594881,4170870; 594969,4170703; 595378,4169293; 595550,4169164; 
595777,4168678; 596053,4168453; 595932,4168389; 595956,4168312; 
595958,4168285; 595947,4168270; 595940,4168263; 595917,4168244; 
595908,4168229; 595906,4168217; 595903,4168183; 595908,4168151; 
595926,4168100; 595939,4168079; 595949,4168069; 595964,4168048; 
595992,4168019; 596003,4168015; 596031,4168000; 596051,4167990; 
596073,4167977; 596091,4167970; 596115,4167950; 596133,4167933; 
596097,4167900; 596072,4167808; 596097,4167764; 596081,4167684; 
596062,4167618; 596084,4167557; 596123,4167529; 596159,4167521; 
596172,4167485; 596189,4167440; 596206,4167390; 596222,4167369; 
596230,4167341; 596233,4167299; 596236,4167275; 596241,4167240; 
596250,4167212; 596265,4167160; 596273,4167144; 596279,4167135; 
596288,4167130; 596303,4167130; 596315,4167130; 596344,4167131; 
596379,4167138; 596402,4167142; 596430,4167152; 596449,4167157; 
596471,4167164; 596487,4167169; 596497,4167171; 596508,4167174; 
596529,4167177; 596547,4167178; 596572,4167177; 596586,4167166; 
596602,4167148; 596616,4167120; 596612,4167094; 596595,4167085; 
596585,4167071; 596552,4167061; 596542,4167058; 596511,4167052; 
596482,4167047; 596472,4167045; 596426,4167035; 596393,4167024; 
596379,4167007; 596367,4166977; 596361,4166963; 596354,4166945; 
596359,4166928; 596363,4166907; 596371,4166892; 596385,4166869; 
596393,4166857; 596403,4166835; 596404,4166820; 596410,4166793; 
596421,4166782; 596433,4166755; 596446,4166722; 596455,4166700; 
596470,4166674; 596482,4166654; 596488,4166641; 596496,4166622; 
596510,4166602; 596522,4166582; 596529,4166569; 596543,4166546; 
596549,4166527; 596552,4166516; 596561,4166488; 596571,4166455; 
596582,4166427; 596594,4166395; 596611,4166366; 596618,4166354; 
596627,4166340; 596649,4166312; 596672,4166279; 596683,4166265; 
596692,4166256; 596721,4166237; 596740,4166223; 596748,4166215; 
596760,4166201; 596779,4166183; 596786,4166172; 596791,4166159; 
596788,4166127; 596779,4166095; 596764,4166067; 596750,4166044; 
596743,4166014; 596741,4166001; 596737,4165952; 596743,4165927; 
596754,4165905; 596767,4165888; 596785,4165869; 596800,4165854; 
596816,4165839; 596845,4165815; 596862,4165797; 596880,4165769; 
596888,4165756; 596895,4165731; 596904,4165706; 596911,4165691; 
596930,4165657; 596942,4165643; 596955,4165629; 596978,4165597; 
597001,4165568; 597026,4165541; 597037,4165534; 597050,4165529; 
597093,4165508; 597105,4165502; 597138,4165479; 597160,4165463; 
597178,4165446; 597209,4165422; 597220,4165409; 597243,4165385; 
597263,4165362; 597275,4165348; 597289,4165326; 597307,4165295; 
597322,4165272; 597337,4165251; 597353,4165235; 597377,4165210; 
597423,4165180; 597442,4165170; 597466,4165157; 597503,4165136; 
597541,4165121; 597557,4165115; 597593,4165106;

[[Page 60642]]

597612,4165120; 597621,4165126; 597632,4165141; 597653,4165161; 
597682,4165182; 597698,4165198; 597710,4165209; 597728,4165225; 
597753,4165242; 597777,4165254; 597797,4165263; 597832,4165279; 
597860,4165292; 597886,4165300; 597907,4165281; 597928,4165249; 
597939,4165230; 597948,4165208; 597957,4165184; 597965,4165174; 
597972,4165166; 597994,4165152; 598026,4165151; 598052,4165157; 
598104,4165164; 598149,4165154; 598170,4165146; 598188,4165136; 
598205,4165121; 598226,4165079; 598241,4165068; 598255,4165059; 
598275,4165038; 598299,4165013; 598316,4164986; 598329,4164959; 
598344,4164932; 598357,4164898; 598364,4164869; 598369,4164856; 
598377,4164835; 598389,4164808; 598401,4164777; 598429,4164725; 
598438,4164716; 598448,4164710; 598468,4164691; 598478,4164685; 
598497,4164678; 598519,4164672; 598546,4164664; 598565,4164657; 
598588,4164644; 598637,4164618; 598649,4164613; 598665,4164601; 
598698,4164578; 598718,4164562; 598727,4164538; 598744,4164497; 
598751,4164455; 598758,4164425; 598772,4164378; 598780,4164350; 
598790,4164316; 598804,4164272; 598820,4164215; 598832,4164180; 
598846,4164141; 598858,4164110; 598865,4164093; 598873,4164072; 
598882,4164049; 598896,4164020; 598912,4163980; 598928,4163941; 
598944,4163907; 598964,4163866; 598980,4163838; 598999,4163798; 
599030,4163743; 599049,4163697; 599076,4163650; 599093,4163620; 
598650,4163199; 598162,4163032; 597935,4162556; 597447,4162401; 
596649,4162377; 596727,4161559; 596679,4161553; 596493,4161501; 
596337,4161460; 596182,4161377; 595985,4161325; 595978,4161334; 
595835,4161377; 595690,4161418; 595607,4161480; 595524,4161563; 
595452,4161646; 595369,4161750; 595234,4161812; 595130,4161853; 
595006,4161884; 594871,4161874; 594799,4161853; 594685,4161791; 
594623,4161729; 594550,4161667; 594426,4161553; 594374,4161480; 
594312,4161377; 594271,4161253; 594229,4161128; 594146,4161066; 
594053,4161035; 593991,4161045; 593939,4161087; 593898,4161128; 
593836,4161190; 593815,4161253; 593815,4161335; 593804,4161418; 
593794,4161543; 593784,4161667; 593753,4161781; 593670,4161843; 
593597,4161864; 593483,4161833; 593359,4161781; 593235,4161729; 
593110,4161698; 593028,4161719; 592945,4161750; 592841,4161760; 
592655,4161791; 592530,4161750; 592489,4161688; 592406,4161605; 
592334,4161501; 592261,4161429; 592199,4161335; 592095,4161149; 
592033,4161025; 591992,4160880; 591950,4160755; 591909,4160704; 
591795,4160610; 591775,4160603; 591660,4160559; 591567,4160486; 
591464,4160424; 591407,4160360; 590912,4160704; 589936,4161024; 
589484,4161385; 588893,4161607; 588409,4162058; 588155,4162354; 
587761,4162321; 587490,4162378; 587244,4162641; 586956,4162846; 
586784,4162879; 586792,4163117; 586644,4163273; 586431,4163527; 
586291,4163766; 586168,4163954; 586029,4164176; 585897,4164233; 
585807,4164324; 585717,4164644; 585701,4164972; 585712,4165171; 
585832,4165497; 585658,4165554; 585646,4165742; 585381,4165840; 
585269,4165999; 585371,4166270; 585519,4166567; 585450,4166770; 
585431,4166955; 585623,4167122; 585713,4167237; 585733,4167344; 
585763,4167406; 585800,4167440; 585819,4167443; 585875,4167470; 
585920,4167470; 585930,4167470; 585952,4167464; 585987,4167462; 
586262,4167359; 586524,4167014; 586710,4167050; 586725,4167112; 
586738,4167184; 586741,4167200; 586738,4167237; 586744,4167250; 
586759,4167275; 586746,4167307; 586733,4167314; 586730,4167349; 
586719,4167443; 586755,4167465; 586782,4167533; 586858,4168170; 
586805,4168239; 586686,4168324; 586681,4168678; 586626,4168705; 
586571,4168705; 586534,4168742; 586351,4168898; 586259,4168990; 
586241,4169091; 586186,4169137; 586149,4169182; 586121,4169237; 
586094,4169348; 586075,4169458; 586048,4169614; 586048,4169733; 
586057,4169870; 586167,4169971; 586314,4170035; 586397,4170091; 
586470,4170155; 586690,4170173; 586881,4170173; 587061,4170205; 
587082,4170332; 587050,4170596; 586818,4170882; 586606,4171263; 
586468,4171475; 586469,4171668; 586479,4171682; 586502,4171722; 
586523,4171744; 586553,4171782; 586571,4171809; 586592,4171842; 
586603,4171866; 586618,4171899; 586631,4171917; 586643,4171939; 
586650,4171954; 586655,4171964; 586665,4171988; 586671,4172002; 
586680,4172037; 586681,4172048; 586673,4172077; 586667,4172100; 
586661,4172111; 586651,4172125; 586637,4172137; 586628,4172145; 
586597,4172164; 586587,4172169; 586571,4172174; 586528,4172189; 
586511,4172196; 586487,4172206; 586437,4172227; 586416,4172240; 
586374,4172262; 586353,4172281; 586332,4172299; 586318,4172319; 
586308,4172335; 586299,4172351; 586291,4172364; 586279,4172382; 
586273,4172393; 586265,4172416; 586253,4172437; 586248,4172453; 
586244,4172468; 586244,4172482; 586244,4172493; 586246,4172512; 
586250,4172531; 586259,4172550; 586270,4172585; 586282,4172626; 
586298,4172653; 586313,4172673; 586325,4172693; 586338,4172714; 
586349,4172731; 586362,4172752; 586373,4172770; 586384,4172789; 
586390,4172810; 586393,4172819; 586399,4172845; 586403,4172869; 
586404,4172883; 586406,4172912; 586408,4172921; 586412,4172933; 
586417,4172946; 586436,4172958; 586460,4172965; 586482,4172977; 
586497,4172989; 586509,4173001; 586519,4173012; 586535,4173024; 
586551,4173037; 586562,4173049; 586582,4173069; 586592,4173077; 
586608,4173092; 586625,4173107; 586645,4173124; 586664,4173140; 
586676,4173149; 586689,4173161; 586706,4173175; 586715,4173184; 
586724,4173195; 586753,4173212; 586764,4173214; 586788,4173216; 
586805,4173223; 586825,4173227; 586856,4173232; 586887,4173239; 
586908,4173243; 586932,4173245; 586958,4173245; 586982,4173250; 
587010,4173255; 587033,4173258; 587055,4173264; 587084,4173269; 
587108,4173270; 587132,4173273; 587171,4173274; 587188,4173277; 
587242,4173279; 587272,4173281; 587285,4173281; 587309,4173280; 
587326,4173280; 587357,4173279; 587389,4173275; 587406,4173275; 
587429,4173275; 587463,4173275; 587475,4173276; 587493,4173279; 
587508,4173280; 587535,4173281; 587544,4173282; 587559,4173282; 
587583,4173283; 587609,4173283; 587628,4173284; 587653,4173284; 
587673,4173285; 587696,4173286; 587708,4173286; 587735,4173286; 
587751,4173285; 587762,4173286; 587781,4173286; 587811,4173283; 
587821,4173283; 587842,4173286; 587872,4173287; 587888,4173291; 
587901,4173293; 587915,4173296; 587934,4173298; 587955,4173301; 
587974,4173305; 588016,4173304; 588037,4173304; 588050,4173302; 
588092,4173292; and returning to 588108,417328.
    (ii) Note: Map 4 (Unit 3) follows:
BILLING CODE 4310-55-U

[[Page 60643]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18OC05.003

BILLING CODE 4310-55-C

[[Page 60644]]

    (9) Unit 4: Mount Diablo-Black Hills Unit, Alameda and Contra Costa 
Counties, California
    (i) From USGS 1:24,000 scale quadrangles Walnut Creek, Clayton, 
Antioch South, Brentwood, Diablo, Tassajara, Byron Hot Springs. Land 
bounded by the following UTM Zone 10, NAD83 coordinates (E,N): 
600579,4204646; 600559,4204566; 600879,4204575; 600886,4203982; 
601430,4204124; 601455,4204117; 601553,4204075; 601647,4204044; 
601681,4204001; 601709,4203959; 601734,4203868; 601771,4203861; 
601819,4203870; 601890,4203763; 601985,4203785; 602106,4203785; 
602092,4203741; 602100,4202971; 602103,4202866; 602381,4202684; 
602463,4202654; 602894,4202653; 603312,4202664; 603427,4202666; 
603435,4202670; 603434,4202643; 603441,4202618; 603500,4202400; 
603493,4202323; 603467,4202245; 603444,4202190; 603413,4202115; 
603413,4202115; 603412,4202114; 603402,4202085; 603382,4202004; 
603377,4201949; 603369,4201911; 603371,4201909; 603369,4201909; 
603356,4201846; 603361,4201757; 603363,4201720; 603342,4201677; 
603361,4201643; 603332,4201384; 603550,4201173; 603334,4201023; 
603412,4200709; 603547,4200630; 603683,4200676; 604021,4200608; 
604487,4200549; 604378,4200404; 604175,4200359; 604199,4200072; 
604394,4199700; 604696,4199573; 604702,4199570; 604731,4199510; 
604769,4199432; 604780,4199381; 604788,4199339; 604808,4199241; 
604815,4198855; 604971,4198679; 604845,4198711; 604633,4198810; 
604335,4198938; 604094,4199008; 603882,4199094; 603612,4199150; 
603116,4199419; 602904,4199490; 602663,4199278; 602521,4199108; 
602436,4199094; 602323,4198824; 602337,4198739; 602295,4198555; 
602238,4198484; 602167,4198413; 602110,4198314; 602011,4198314; 
601884,4198428; 601799,4198357; 601714,4198328; 601544,4198328; 
601374,4198243; 601232,4198172; 601118,4198144; 601019,4198002; 
600948,4197932; 600835,4197903; 600693,4197790; 600594,4197677; 
600495,4197521; 600438,4197393; 600438,4196968; 600679,4196727; 
601090,4196727; 601232,4196642; 601501,4196245; 601501,4196061; 
601742,4195962; 601898,4195905; 602068,4195905; 602153,4195806; 
602167,4195594; 602224,4195494; 602323,4195509; 602450,4195622; 
602450,4195764; 602606,4195905; 602705,4195948; 603074,4195778; 
603159,4195594; 603159,4195494; 603173,4195353; 603439,4195157; 
603442,4195154; 603527,4195154; 603825,4195069; 604165,4194956; 
604307,4194913; 604378,4194913; 604463,4194885; 604533,4194857; 
604661,4194857; 604788,4194942; 604845,4195069; 604859,4195211; 
604888,4195338; 604987,4195608; 605100,4195608; 605228,4195721; 
605327,4195749; 605412,4195721; 605525,4195679; 605724,4195679; 
606305,4195296; 606604,4195099; 607325,4194658; 607736,4194460; 
607934,4194347; 607948,4194191; 607920,4194021; 608048,4193808; 
608161,4193709; 608373,4193709; 608473,4193695; 608501,4193610; 
608600,4193596; 608685,4193525; 608685,4193383; 608898,4193255; 
609181,4193085; 609337,4193057; 609394,4193057; 609564,4192972; 
609790,4192845; 609946,4192859; 610031,4192845; 610159,4192845; 
610244,4192887; 610357,4192901; 610967,4192915; 611009,4192887; 
611250,4192887; 611590,4192915; 611718,4192944; 611803,4192986; 
611987,4192915; 612086,4192845; 612242,4192816; 612426,4192845; 
612525,4192901; 612639,4192958; 612644,4192985; 612695,4193000; 
612710,4192901; 612724,4192802; 612780,4192703; 612823,4192618; 
612894,4192547; 612851,4192349; 612936,4192235; 612823,4192193; 
612667,4192193; 612582,4192193; 612539,4192221; 612483,4192221; 
612440,4192094; 612114,4191867; 612100,4191711; 611817,4191668; 
611845,4191555; 611803,4191456; 611746,4191272; 611661,4191116; 
611335,4191116; 611179,4190861; 611122,4190762; 611023,4190705; 
610839,4190379; 610683,4190308; 610244,4190294; 609961,4190110; 
609861,4190067; 609691,4190039; 609550,4189954; 609493,4189897; 
609465,4189713; 609476,4189701; 609663,4189500; 609734,4189500; 
610244,4189033; 610017,4188820; 609847,4188749; 609691,4188679; 
609578,4188579; 609578,4188494; 609635,4188338; 609564,4188041; 
609535,4187942; 609592,4187758; 609691,4187687; 609734,4187573; 
609762,4187531; 609833,4187531; 609890,4187474; 609932,4187347; 
609989,4187247; 610031,4187191; 610216,4187177; 610329,4187106; 
610683,4186921; 610797,4186879; 610896,4186780; 610949,4186764; 
610949,4186721; 610940,4186617; 610816,4186523; 610684,4186513; 
610608,4186551; 610551,4186598; 610514,4186523; 610466,4186485; 
610400,4186560; 610267,4186674; 610107,4186759; 609974,4186835; 
609775,4186949; 609548,4187128; 609368,4187223; 609264,4187166; 
609283,4187090; 609330,4187043; 609425,4186977; 609453,4186920; 
609482,4186807; 609548,4186608; 609643,4186437; 609747,4186324; 
609787,4186236; 609847,4186175; 609878,4186077; 609915,4185933; 
609961,4185827; 610006,4185781; 610052,4185698; 610067,4185577; 
610052,4185486; 610076,4185438; 610143,4185444; 610209,4185438; 
610246,4185384; 610246,4185348; 610282,4185378; 610342,4185402; 
610403,4185354; 610439,4185305; 610488,4185263; 610506,4185220; 
610512,4185136; 610500,4185051; 610536,4185020; 610548,4184996; 
610536,4184948; 610452,4184851; 610373,4184711; 610342,4184596; 
610373,4184530; 610387,4184506; 610391,4184499; 610421,4184512; 
610458,4184542; 610524,4184621; 610548,4184705; 610627,4184808; 
610694,4184857; 610773,4184845; 610809,4184766; 610827,4184693; 
610995,4184377; 611097,4183660; 611024,4182687; 610973,4181977; 
610929,4181465; 610753,4181311; 610483,4181143; 610146,4181113; 
609883,4181194; 609521,4181339; 609450,4181339; 609295,4181523; 
609153,4181622; 608898,4181749; 608760,4181818; 608728,4181834; 
608643,4181834; 608544,4181806; 608572,4181693; 608448,4181523; 
608176,4181430; 607783,4181421; 607560,4181590; 607603,4181646; 
607599,4181646; 607601,4181648; 607585,4181661; 607565,4181678; 
607566,4181679; 604052,4184768; 603853,4184810; 603542,4184796; 
601470,4184564; 600272,4184571; 600238,4184570; 600195,4184570; 
600147,4184570; 599989,4184567; 599977,4184239; 599550,4184239; 
599550,4183913; 599340,4184011; 598785,4184138; 598786,4184147; 
598772,4184597; 598771,4184647; 598763,4185302; 598761,4185412; 
598758,4185541; 598755,4185742; 598755,4185749; 598754,4185765; 
598750,4186082; 598639,4186080; 598470,4186163; 598367,4186076; 
598252,4186058; 598249,4186065; 598207,4186074; 598159,4186018; 
598117,4186002; 598011,4185918; 597984,4185821; 597924,4185799; 
597753,4185622; 597719,4185636; 597626,4185685; 597525,4185702; 
597426,4185779; 597369,4185868; 597416,4185961; 597493,4186033; 
597548,4185942; 597641,4185957; 597599,4186043; 597618,4186093; 
597687,4186112; 597752,4186146; 597745,4186227; 597804,4186333; 
597826,4186358; 597805,4186397; 597766,4186378; 597734,4186380; 
597646,4186425; 597605,4186411;

[[Page 60645]]

597553,4186316; 597463,4186346; 597449,4186405; 597478,4186430; 
597464,4186469; 597413,4186463; 597382,4186509; 597327,4186508; 
597309,4186656; 597316,4186737; 597342,4186783; 597337,4186788; 
597354,4186834; 597403,4186877; 597481,4186910; 597469,4186984; 
597351,4186920; 597272,4186833; 597170,4186823; 597163,4186771; 
597203,4186697; 597206,4186686; 597204,4186675; 597127,4186611; 
597023,4186628; 596933,4186658; 596921,4186625; 596959,4186587; 
596961,4186540; 597091,4186479; 597095,4186403; 597103,4186386; 
597151,4186191; 597107,4186163; 596981,4186073; 596847,4186065; 
596749,4186139; 596747,4186198; 596669,4186270; 596665,4186338; 
596691,4186540; 596643,4186586; 596616,4186654; 596575,4186713; 
596484,4186784; 596407,4186701; 596360,4186729; 596334,4186756; 
596317,4186745; 596281,4186732; 596201,4186675; 596157,4186654; 
596097,4186656; 596025,4186654; 595957,4186653; 595747,4186647; 
595746,4186683; 596008,4186985; 596001,4187244; 595730,4187237; 
595719,4187540; 595808,4187704; 595759,4187758; 595729,4187774; 
595703,4187743; 595667,4187710; 595585,4187614; 595558,4187648; 
595528,4187667; 595499,4187679; 595487,4187698; 595468,4187800; 
595447,4187855; 595413,4187888; 595429,4187967; 595434,4188064; 
595407,4188098; 595386,4188085; 595340,4188061; 595350,4188041; 
595347,4187986; 595324,4187940; 595291,4187920; 595266,4187812; 
595294,4187742; 595299,4187714; 595293,4187693; 595257,4187654; 
595225,4187582; 595197,4187526; 595193,4187381; 595173,4187306; 
595140,4187260; 595071,4187230; 595069,4187225; 595055,4187217; 
595022,4187220; 594918,4187213; 594836,4187242; 594742,4187278; 
594641,4187318; 594544,4187327; 594544,4187327; 594349,4187395; 
594305,4187448; 594262,4187601; 594259,4187610; 594243,4187669; 
594226,4187687; 594228,4187774; 593800,4187766; 593776,4187904; 
593715,4187966; 593667,4187969; 593636,4187970; 593366,4187931; 
593343,4187957; 593320,4187982; 593151,4187981; 593144,4187981; 
593142,4187978; 593010,4188098; 592921,4188293; 592931,4188292; 
592804,4188582; 592739,4188729; 592734,4188740; 592670,4188720; 
592610,4188712; 592607,4188712; 592608,4188849; 592585,4188842; 
592563,4188852; 592548,4188897; 592581,4188931; 592583,4188954; 
592400,4189066; 592408,4189112; 592460,4189134; 592436,4189221; 
592206,4189212; 592206,4189328; 592216,4189495; 592268,4189579; 
592258,4189799; 592373,4189936; 592436,4190030; 592541,4190082; 
592625,4190103; 592625,4190449; 592531,4190449; 592436,4190460; 
592363,4190481; 592300,4190460; 592216,4190491; 592101,4190533; 
591996,4190596; 591881,4190690; 591839,4190764; 591797,4190837; 
591734,4190879; 591639,4190932; 591493,4191047; 591304,4191110; 
591241,4191162; 591105,4191267; 591010,4191267; 590916,4191298; 
590843,4191246; 590843,4191120; 590769,4190994; 590643,4191068; 
590570,4191120; 590507,4191141; 590423,4191246; 590339,4191372; 
590266,4191382; 590245,4191414; 590235,4191634; 590140,4191917; 
589899,4191739; 589857,4191686; 589763,4191487; 589648,4191519; 
589480,4191529; 589333,4191508; 589092,4191676; 589040,4191644; 
588977,4191644; 588851,4191686; 588851,4191728; 588966,4191969; 
588977,4192085; 588966,4192116; 588872,4192158; 588809,4192252; 
588809,4192305; 588725,4192483; 588788,4192619; 588746,4192630; 
588694,4192630; 588536,4192777; 588410,4192861; 588295,4192944; 
588295,4193007; 588264,4193154; 588159,4193238; 588096,4193353; 
587700,4193738; 587469,4194136; 587939,4194568; 588429,4194484; 
588517,4194568; 588718,4194677; 588894,4194853; 588927,4195024; 
588899,4195658; 588832,4195885; 588601,4196521; 588591,4196523; 
588592,4196524; 588541,4196661; 588513,4196736; 588530,4196754; 
588603,4196809; 588653,4196812; 588711,4196735; 588752,4196709; 
588774,4196773; 588822,4196829; 588817,4196858; 588874,4196856; 
588923,4196851; 588978,4196874; 589014,4196931; 589062,4196960; 
589090,4196976; 589125,4197042; 589163,4197117; 589092,4197248; 
589049,4197337; 588951,4197415; 588878,4197515; 588807,4197513; 
588719,4197544; 588683,4197488; 588634,4197493; 588606,4197473; 
588481,4197436; 588514,4197345; 588387,4197362; 588264,4197341; 
588239,4197371; 588153,4197461; 588048,4197462; 587967,4197688; 
587998,4197701; 588197,4197775; 588208,4197815; 588219,4197874; 
588215,4197923; 588179,4197993; 588116,4198041; 588057,4198145; 
588027,4198240; 588069,4198275; 588049,4198330; 587987,4198461; 
587703,4198447; 587617,4198658; 587635,4198690; 587734,4198896; 
587828,4199024; 587977,4199159; 588113,4199284; 588173,4199495; 
588149,4199683; 588155,4199906; 588236,4200118; 588304,4200203; 
588335,4200186; 588440,4200119; 588492,4199940; 588634,4199995; 
588719,4199995; 588818,4199983; 588976,4199963; 589017,4199991; 
589071,4200049; 589154,4200075; 589213,4200087; 589188,4200511; 
589399,4200536; 589631,4200554; 589737,4200514; 589698,4200337; 
589687,4199962; 589926,4199910; 590103,4199986; 590148,4200033; 
590148,4200067; 590152,4200123; 590162,4200201; 590195,4200260; 
590246,4200302; 590293,4200282; 590317,4200211; 590396,4200148; 
590464,4200138; 590146,4199425; 590122,4199141; 589488,4199124; 
589423,4199065; 589384,4199049; 589399,4198938; 589438,4198871; 
589480,4198804; 589452,4198667; 589395,4198502; 589397,4198419; 
589504,4198350; 589776,4198339; 589897,4198345; 589993,4198339; 
590092,4198309; 590247,4198203; 590537,4198220; 590538,4198167; 
590670,4198170; 590817,4198193; 590863,4198203; 590926,4198279; 
590945,4198364; 590906,4198608; 590870,4198696; 590833,4198733; 
590789,4198708; 590709,4198680; 590648,4198694; 590647,4198732; 
590651,4198775; 590620,4198802; 590589,4198849; 590532,4198870; 
590534,4198952; 590584,4199003; 590603,4199064; 590666,4199146; 
590817,4199193; 590945,4199317; 591040,4199388; 591102,4199345; 
591178,4199279; 591239,4199241; 591391,4199255; 591481,4199212; 
591543,4199099; 591520,4198869; 591538,4198767; 591453,4198726; 
591381,4198591; 591362,4198459; 591353,4198302; 591320,4198212; 
591211,4198198; 591135,4198165; 591135,4198056; 591197,4197833; 
591211,4197738; 591216,4197601; 591211,4197496; 591268,4197411; 
591415,4197312; 591576,4197402; 591708,4197539; 591813,4197710; 
591780,4197904; 591623,4198117; 591509,4198236; 591637,4198378; 
591633,4198482; 591694,4198606; 591788,4198823; 591786,4199113; 
591850,4199167; 591928,4199132; 592049,4199219; 592096,4199199; 
592132,4199246; 592292,4199272; 592418,4199173; 592598,4199027; 
592913,4199015; 592770,4198757; 592675,4198672; 592671,4198558; 
592713,4198506; 592718,4198407; 592675,4198269; 592571,4198250; 
592514,4198250; 592391,4198236; 592268,4198217; 592197,4198146; 
592187,4198061; 592192,4197980; 592173,4197880; 592182,4197757;

[[Page 60646]]

592230,4197610; 592225,4197444; 592273,4197269; 592495,4197587; 
592614,4197653; 592656,4197748; 592666,4197852; 592761,4197828; 
592832,4197857; 592875,4197980; 592789,4198070; 592917,4198321; 
593001,4198441; 593010,4198200; 593037,4198195; 593804,4198194; 
593800,4197665; 594279,4197678; 594312,4197571; 594789,4197559; 
594789,4197651; 594818,4197723; 594802,4197744; 594740,4197774; 
594680,4197791; 594664,4197824; 594669,4197877; 594703,4197970; 
594725,4197968; 594798,4197908; 594908,4197849; 595047,4197847; 
595116,4197805; 595209,4197802; 595237,4197768; 595402,4197742; 
595425,4197786; 595475,4197790; 595545,4197804; 595610,4197812; 
595624,4197871; 595642,4197992; 595425,4198039; 595349,4198080; 
595153,4198159; 595021,4198217; 594890,4198291; 594895,4198309; 
594930,4198409; 594957,4198410; 595014,4198393; 595135,4198353; 
595203,4198373; 595240,4198349; 595277,4198366; 595278,4198431; 
595267,4198508; 595228,4198569; 595177,4198635; 595152,4198653; 
595076,4198605; 594986,4198615; 594917,4198641; 594809,4198637; 
594678,4198817; 594720,4198951; 594673,4199092; 594539,4199273; 
594432,4199444; 594413,4199471; 594391,4199603; 594404,4199709; 
594482,4199760; 594508,4199841; 594583,4199831; 594620,4199819; 
594697,4199729; 594711,4199658; 594817,4199624; 594888,4199638; 
594947,4199615; 595001,4199567; 595069,4199560; 595200,4199517; 
595182,4199389; 595245,4199342; 595330,4199285; 595395,4199275; 
595381,4199333; 595388,4199509; 595376,4199626; 595400,4199673; 
595375,4199777; 595383,4199791; 595366,4200690; 595384,4200705; 
595374,4200806; 595466,4200870; 595571,4200933; 595728,4201027; 
595948,4201163; 596105,4201174; 596252,4201184; 596305,4201184; 
596430,4201132; 596514,4201090; 596661,4201027; 596734,4200975; 
596839,4200985; 596881,4200996; 596923,4201038; 596996,4201122; 
596996,4201184; 597007,4201258; 597070,4201363; 597154,4201394; 
597248,4201415; 597374,4201447; 597447,4201447; 597510,4201457; 
597594,4201509; 597699,4201520; 597856,4201520; 598003,4201583; 
598192,4201646; 598349,4201656; 598485,4201583; 598642,4201467; 
598758,4201394; 598831,4201384; 598842,4201499; 598884,4201625; 
598904,4201730; 598904,4201866; 598894,4201992; 598957,4202076; 
598967,4202170; 598988,4202327; 599009,4202495; 599041,4202610; 
598967,4202799; 598978,4202862; 598967,4202904; 598967,4202967; 
599041,4203050; 599146,4203208; 599198,4203344; 599209,4203438; 
599219,4203554; 599240,4203638; 599282,4203679; 599355,4203721; 
599429,4203774; 599513,4203868; 599607,4203942; 599775,4203984; 
599900,4204067; 599900,4204120; 599911,4204172; 599963,4204193; 
600110,4204246; 600142,4204350; 600173,4204382; 600320,4204529; 
600341,4204654; 600487,4204875; 600550,4205126; 600718,4205315; 
600727,4205362; 600817,4205364; 600748,4205132; 600742,4205115; 
600660,4204851; 600651,4204819; 600628,4204716; and returning to 
600579,4204646.
    (ii) Note: Map 5 (Unit 4) follows:
BILLING CODE 4310-55-U

[[Page 60647]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18OC05.004

BILLING CODE 4310-55-C

[[Page 60648]]

    (10) Unit 5A: Cedar Mountain Unit, Alameda and San Joaquin 
Counties, California
    (i) From USGS 1:24,000 scale quadrangles Altamont, Midway, 
Mendenhall Springs, and Cedar Mtn.. Land bounded by the following UTM 
Zone 10, NAD83 coordinates (E,N): 624962,4170579; 625090,4170515; 
625154,4170515; 625282,4170515; 625474,4170515; 625645,4170558; 
625731,4170366; 625837,4170216; 626179,4170216; 626478,4170066; 
626585,4170066; 626607,4170195; 626586,4170399; 626612,4170390; 
626615,4170402; 626626,4170412; 626629,4170422; 626647,4170434; 
626684,4170436; 626707,4170437; 626747,4170425; 626770,4170407; 
626790,4170391; 626813,4170378; 626916,4170347; 626952,4170323; 
626958,4170301; 626972,4170253; 626979,4170229; 626989,4170208; 
627014,4170156; 627029,4170132; 627056,4170089; 627067,4170049; 
627082,4170002; 627104,4169947; 627139,4169865; 627167,4169809; 
627195,4169785; 627228,4169767; 627251,4169785; 627304,4169793; 
627382,4169802; 627397,4169763; 627414,4169719; 627433,4169669; 
627458,4169619; 627478,4169587; 627515,4169552; 627558,4169537; 
627589,4169507; 627605,4169498; 627635,4169480; 627660,4169479; 
627680,4169489; 627710,4169497; 627746,4169507; 627774,4169519; 
627799,4169530; 627821,4169526; 627879,4169517; 627925,4169510; 
627973,4169509; 628048,4169503; 628109,4169500; 628174,4169480; 
628209,4169464; 628262,4169442; 628292,4169436; 628335,4169426; 
628368,4169417; 628404,4169394; 628430,4169357; 628450,4169311; 
628467,4169264; 628487,4169239; 628505,4169216; 628508,4169199; 
628522,4169179; 628555,4169134; 628575,4169119; 628598,4169094; 
628639,4169047; 628666,4169011; 628750,4168928; 628805,4168875; 
628842,4168896; 628863,4168894; 628886,4168893; 628938,4168875; 
628971,4168851; 629006,4168810; 629023,4168784; 629021,4168755; 
629020,4168729; 629029,4168691; 629039,4168653; 629035,4168625; 
629041,4168604; 629049,4168574; 629076,4168531; 629098,4168485; 
629141,4168434; 629182,4168396; 629196,4168394; 629218,4168381; 
629270,4168352; 629286,4168227; 629286,4168009; 629326,4167870; 
629564,4167612; 629544,4167413; 629524,4167116; 629504,4166838; 
629643,4166600; 629683,4166342; 629584,4166104; 629385,4165985; 
629167,4166005; 628671,4165925; 628532,4165786; 628314,4165628; 
628155,4165370; 627897,4165012; 627738,4164655; 627599,4164358; 
627183,4164020; 626925,4163643; 626925,4163246; 627024,4162929; 
627202,4162770; 627163,4162631; 626845,4162393; 626627,4162175; 
626250,4161996; 625774,4161798; 625416,4161758; 625297,4161540; 
625357,4161341; 625615,4161063; 625952,4160647; 626270,4160389; 
626309,4160091; 626250,4159575; 626270,4159377; 626409,4159139; 
626349,4158781; 626369,4158385; 626239,4157942; 626171,4157710; 
625893,4157511; 625674,4157492; 625436,4157630; 625278,4157531; 
624901,4157571; 624762,4157412; 624524,4157313; 624206,4157293; 
623809,4157293; 623373,4157273; 623369,4157265; 623273,4157015; 
622122,4157293; 621011,4157928; 620436,4158722; 619801,4159258; 
619761,4159774; 619543,4159754; 619166,4159694; 618888,4159734; 
618531,4159774; 618293,4159833; 617896,4159774; 617538,4159694; 
617360,4159436; 616983,4159337; 616586,4159218; 615732,4159484; 
615878,4159699; 615819,4160001; 615780,4160265; 615771,4160548; 
615878,4160899; 615917,4161191; 615790,4161328; 615771,4161679; 
615653,4162020; 615897,4162459; 616170,4162645; 616375,4163064; 
616328,4163465; 616368,4163901; 616308,4164397; 616658,4164712; 
616715,4164704; 616865,4164811; 617057,4164918; 617164,4165025; 
617207,4165153; 617249,4165196; 617484,4165260; 617698,4165260; 
617912,4165260; 618061,4165174; 618296,4165025; 618339,4164896; 
618446,4164896; 618531,4164854; 618659,4164768; 618745,4164597; 
618830,4164533; 618873,4164405; 618980,4164362; 619108,4164362; 
619236,4164234; 619514,4163999; 619599,4163978; 619792,4163935; 
619941,4163871; 620048,4163871; 620133,4163743; 620411,4163743; 
620603,4163572; 620689,4163572; 620796,4163529; 621137,4163422; 
621244,4163444; 621437,4163358; 621543,4163316; 621672,4163294; 
621800,4163187; 621821,4162995; 621832,4163004; 622206,4163294; 
622206,4163465; 622206,4163572; 622248,4163679; 622013,4163935; 
621928,4163956; 621800,4163999; 621736,4164085; 621714,4164277; 
621565,4164341; 621415,4164384; 621372,4164576; 621330,4164640; 
621266,4164726; 621266,4164832; 621415,4164961; 621522,4165046; 
621650,4165131; 621714,4165238; 621693,4165345; 621672,4165473; 
621714,4165580; 621693,4165815; 621607,4165965; 621586,4166071; 
621565,4166232; 621565,4166285; 621650,4166520; 621821,4166712; 
622013,4166926; 622099,4166947; 622334,4167140; 622547,4167204; 
622633,4167289; 622590,4167396; 622526,4167588; 622526,4167866; 
622526,4167994; 622483,4168144; 622462,4168315; 622676,4168528; 
622782,4168742; 622782,4168891; 622654,4169020; 622505,4169126; 
622355,4169126; 622377,4169233; 622419,4169426; 622419,4169596; 
622419,4169767; 622312,4169810; 624150,4169789; 624342,4169874; 
624492,4170024; 624492,4170152; 624492,4170323; 624534,4170494; 
624705,4170601; 624833,4170643; and returning to 624962,4170579.
    (ii) Note: Map 6 (Unit 5A) follows:
BILLING CODE 4310-55-U

[[Page 60649]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18OC05.005

BILLING CODE 4310-55-C

[[Page 60650]]

    (11) Unit 5B: Alameda Creek Unit, Alameda and Santa Clara Counties, 
California.
    (i) From USGS 1:24,000 scale quadrangles Niles, La Costa Valley, 
Mendenhall Springs, Calaveras Reservoir, and Mt. Day. Land bounded by 
the following UTM Zone 10, NAD83 coordinates (E,N): 602197,4155953; 
602258,4155892; 602394,4155892; 602455,4155938; 602516,4155938; 
602637,4155938; 602698,4155953; 602747,4156027; 602943,4156019; 
603025,4156003; 603122,4156019; 603334,4155905; 603480,4155791; 
603577,4155710; 603724,4155710; 603854,4155726; 603919,4155564; 
604016,4155499; 604114,4155499; 604130,4155353; 604260,4155353; 
604358,4155320; 604520,4155190; 604634,4155174; 604797,4154979; 
604911,4155076; 604927,4155206; 605008,4155336; 605089,4155385; 
605138,4155483; 605220,4155531; 605350,4155580; 605561,4155580; 
605659,4155645; 605805,4155743; 605984,4155613; 606244,4155450; 
606569,4155206; 606699,4155092; 606780,4155011; 606862,4154979; 
606943,4154914; 607089,4154702; 607349,4154670; 607658,4154410; 
607707,4154296; 607772,4154166; 607951,4154052; 608146,4153922; 
608309,4153499; 608471,4153467; 608585,4153402; 608666,4153255; 
608926,4153255; 609008,4153174; 609105,4153174; 609203,4153125; 
609284,4152979; 609495,4152995; 609609,4152995; 609902,4152914; 
610195,4152816; 610357,4152719; 610455,4152524; 610552,4152475; 
610634,4152394; 610666,4152296; 610699,4152198; 610861,4152150; 
610975,4152150; 611089,4152198; 611268,4152198; 611398,4152198; 
611495,4152296; 611625,4152296; 611690,4152345; 611820,4152394; 
611869,4152459; 611983,4152475; 612373,4152475; 612552,4152361; 
612650,4152361; 612763,4152377; 612910,4152426; 613056,4152540; 
613089,4152540; 613186,4152491; 613267,4152491; 613397,4152524; 
613446,4152524; 613495,4152442; 613593,4152361; 613674,4152361; 
613706,4152312; 613788,4152280; 613885,4152263; 613934,4152215; 
614015,4152198; 614097,4152150; 614259,4152052; 614340,4152052; 
614438,4151987; 614487,4151955; 614617,4151961; 614655,4151916; 
614722,4151868; 614780,4151820; 614808,4151743; 614828,4151675; 
614847,4151627; 614876,4151560; 614933,4151454; 614962,4151397; 
614962,4151368; 614933,4151282; 614914,4151205; 614895,4151109; 
614905,4151070; 614953,4151041; 615001,4151003; 615049,4150984; 
615116,4150964; 615202,4150840; 615241,4150715; 615298,4150715; 
615308,4150753; 615366,4150801; 615539,4150801; 615615,4150801; 
615692,4150782; 615750,4150782; 615846,4150657; 615884,4150542; 
615913,4150465; 615952,4150378; 615990,4150254; 616019,4150206; 
616067,4150177; 616163,4150138; 616192,4150109; 616240,4150042; 
616269,4149946; 616317,4149917; 616413,4149812; 616413,4149572; 
616470,4149504; 616499,4149447; 616499,4149360; 616499,4149254; 
616403,4149168; 616307,4149053; 616134,4148909; 615971,4148793; 
615775,4148764; 615641,4148634; 615584,4148470; 615467,4148052; 
615372,4147941; 615144,4147897; 614816,4147815; 614624,4147768; 
614579,4147670; 614189,4147648; 613874,4147530; 613683,4147420; 
613492,4147170; 613184,4147002; 613095,4146958; 613007,4146920; 
612885,4147011; 612824,4147011; 612733,4146904; 612627,4146904; 
612475,4146920; 612354,4147026; 612323,4147102; 612126,4147102; 
611959,4147102; 611853,4147254; 611777,4147406; 611701,4147481; 
611564,4147512; 611504,4147512; 611337,4147588; 611306,4147573; 
611261,4147573; 611185,4147542; 611139,4147618; 610957,4147846; 
610927,4147907; 610866,4148043; 610760,4148119; 610638,4148134; 
610638,4148165; 610699,4148241; 610623,4148301; 610486,4148316; 
610471,4148271; 610441,4148271; 610365,4148286; 610365,4148362; 
610289,4148377; 610243,4148438; 610092,4148575; 610001,4148575; 
609849,4148575; 609667,4148681; 609606,4148681; 609469,4148711; 
609393,4148742; 609302,4148772; 609257,4148800; 609257,4149227; 
609090,4149379; 608938,4149379; 608892,4149349; 608771,4149288; 
608604,4149410; 608513,4149470; 608391,4149531; 608270,4149546; 
608209,4149516; 608057,4149516; 607966,4149607; 607905,4149683; 
607693,4149789; 607617,4149774; 607465,4149698; 607359,4149622; 
607237,4149516; 607161,4149470; 607025,4149470; 606888,4149470; 
606752,4149516; 606645,4149546; 606554,4149652; 606539,4149789; 
606509,4149865; 606478,4149956; 606478,4150032; 606493,4150123; 
606493,4150290; 606463,4150457; 606387,4150518; 606296,4150487; 
606205,4150472; 606038,4150472; 605901,4150472; 605795,4150563; 
605795,4150654; 605780,4150821; 605750,4150913; 605628,4151034; 
605461,4151095; 605340,4151095; 605264,4151110; 605157,4151186; 
605036,4151186; 605006,4151231; 604884,4151292; 604823,4151353; 
604763,4151398; 604641,4151398; 604520,4151383; 604383,4151398; 
604262,4151429; 604186,4151429; 604216,4151307; 604216,4151171; 
604262,4151140; 604292,4151095; 604292,4151019; 604277,4150958; 
604292,4150897; 604277,4150821; 604095,4150821; 604034,4150791; 
604019,4150654; 604034,4150548; 603973,4150472; 603867,4150609; 
603806,4150609; 603685,4150639; 603609,4150670; 603533,4150746; 
603457,4150913; 603412,4151049; 603412,4151201; 603396,4151262; 
603336,4151383; 603229,4151535; 603199,4151565; 603108,4151550; 
603047,4151656; 602971,4151656; 602850,4151717; 602759,4151778; 
602683,4151778; 602577,4151778; 602501,4151793; 602425,4151793; 
602394,4151702; 602377,4151646; 602227,4151550; 602030,4151353; 
601817,4151292; 601681,4151140; 601529,4151064; 601392,4151034; 
601301,4150943; 601362,4150882; 601438,4150852; 601423,4150746; 
601377,4150670; 601286,4150624; 600982,4150624; 600952,4150563; 
600861,4150457; 600724,4150320; 600588,4150320; 600512,4150275; 
600360,4150260; 600239,4150290; 600163,4150412; 600087,4150487; 
600026,4150487; 599874,4150503; 599829,4150548; 599737,4150700; 
599753,4150821; 599737,4150867; 599722,4150943; 599707,4151292; 
599677,4151368; 599586,4151626; 599525,4151717; 599419,4151763; 
599328,4151884; 599267,4151990; 598902,4152355; 599039,4152385; 
599100,4152461; 599191,4152552; 599236,4152658; 599312,4152765; 
599358,4152886; 599388,4153023; 599419,4153220; 599449,4153266; 
599495,4153342; 599510,4153372; 599510,4153448; 599525,4153509; 
599540,4153645; 599358,4153782; 599358,4153827; 599403,4153888; 
599479,4153903; 599555,4153949; 599601,4154070; 599662,4154161; 
599662,4154344; 599646,4154389; 599677,4154526; 599798,4154541; 
599844,4154632; 599965,4154769; 600056,4154860; 600147,4154921; 
600208,4154921; 600314,4154905; 600421,4154936; 600527,4154875; 
600679,4154875; 600800,4154799; 600922,4154799; 601180,4154860; 
601392,4154966; 601514,4155042; 601575,4155179; 601559,4155300; 
601544,4155391; 601544,4155437; 601605,4155482; 601711,4155558; 
601742,4155649; 601757,4155710; 601817,4155786; 601802,4155816; 
601833,4155877; 601878,4155862;

[[Page 60651]]

602015,4155999; 602106,4156074; 602167,4156044; and returning to 
602197,4155953.
    (ii) Note: Map 7 (Unit 5B) follows:
BILLING CODE 4310-55-U

[[Page 60652]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18OC05.006

BILLING CODE 4310-55-C

[[Page 60653]]

    (12) Unit 6: Caldecott Tunnel Unit, Alameda and Contra Costa 
Counties, California
    (i) From USGS 1:24,000 scale quadrangles Briones Valley, and 
Oakland East. Land bounded by the following UTM Zone 10, NAD83 
coordinates (E,N):574257,4188128; 574237,4188122; 574149,4188116; 
574055,4188110; 573986,4188110; 573898,4188116; 573804,4188122; 
573710,4188122; 573597,4188103; 573484,4188097; 573371,4188084; 
573251,4188072; 573163,4188053; 573050,4188034; 572943,4188003; 
572824,4187978; 572686,4187965; 572560,4187984; 572447,4188022; 
572340,4188072; 572259,4188110; 572146,4188147; 572045,4188160; 
571970,4188166; 571888,4188166; 571887,4188166; 571887,4188166; 
571887,4188165; 571886,4188165; 571886,4188165; 571881,4188161; 
571877,4188157; 571873,4188153; 571871,4188149; 571870,4188147; 
571869,4188144; 571867,4188142; 571864,4188142; 571861,4188142; 
571853,4188140; 571840,4188132; 571830,4188124; 571820,4188118; 
571808,4188115; 571795,4188114; 571786,4188115; 571778,4188116; 
571765,4188119; 571749,4188124; 571727,4188134; 571718,4188138; 
571708,4188144; 571698,4188159; 571692,4188165; 571679,4188165; 
571670,4188161; 571655,4188156; 571634,4188158; 571592,4188163; 
571567,4188176; 571565,4188179; 571512,4188141; 571496,4188145; 
571484,4188148; 571473,4188148; 571459,4188148; 571450,4188148; 
571425,4188145; 571395,4188147; 571362,4188155; 571338,4188158; 
571339,4188199; 571336,4188202; 571332,4188206; 571316,4188221; 
571290,4188247; 571267,4188268; 571159,4188361; 571159,4188361; 
571152,4188367; 571152,4188367; 571152,4188369; 571147,4188412; 
571139,4188431; 571124,4188447; 571110,4188455; 571092,4188459; 
571077,4188458; 571059,4188452; 571045,4188442; 571037,4188430; 
571036,4188431; 570979,4188447; 570979,4188503; 570910,4188502; 
570903,4188514; 570896,4188523; 570872,4188536; 570858,4188540; 
570843,4188543; 570813,4188552; 570797,4188566; 570784,4188581; 
570763,4188592; 570733,4188594; 570735,4188667; 570745,4188667; 
570754,4188667; 570787,4188661; 570806,4188660; 570819,4188664; 
570830,4188660; 570833,4188677; 570824,4188685; 570801,4188738; 
570730,4188783; 570704,4188807; 570689,4188832; 570671,4188834; 
570654,4188836; 570578,4188823; 570543,4188823; 570499,4188798; 
570450,4188794; 570423,4188785; 570384,4188767; 570335,4188759; 
570288,4188774; 570200,4188826; 570183,4188850; 570184,4188851; 
570179,4188865; 570182,4188881; 570193,4188893; 570186,4188912; 
570161,4188936; 570136,4188937; 570121,4188952; 570135,4188984; 
570162,4189009; 570165,4189045; 570181,4189074; 570204,4189076; 
570230,4189045; 570247,4189025; 570248,4189024; 570251,4189025; 
570270,4189014; 570308,4189018; 570338,4189018; 570353,4188999; 
570353,4188964; 570383,4188922; 570427,4188910; 570496,4188930; 
570519,4188930; 570539,4188909; 570574,4188886; 570609,4188896; 
570620,4188899; 570660,4188881; 570696,4188864; 570701,4188926; 
570692,4188981; 570673,4189023; 570620,4189064; 570596,4189097; 
570554,4189137; 570547,4189144; 570529,4189180; 570491,4189204; 
570482,4189203; 570441,4189197; 570400,4189209; 570348,4189212; 
570323,4189220; 570308,4189210; 570281,4189189; 570248,4189172; 
570217,4189157; 570202,4189179; 570196,4189212; 570174,4189245; 
570154,4189273; 570142,4189296; 570142,4189321; 570143,4189343; 
570144,4189370; 570134,4189392; 570119,4189422; 570108,4189444; 
570081,4189442; 570074,4189388; 570068,4189365; 570062,4189348; 
570055,4189335; 570039,4189356; 570011,4189362; 569994,4189361; 
569984,4189360; 569972,4189368; 569961,4189370; 569955,4189354; 
569962,4189345; 569981,4189335; 569988,4189319; 569980,4189290; 
569976,4189256; 570005,4189238; 570029,4189224; 570062,4189201; 
570071,4189162; 570093,4189130; 570089,4189070; 570081,4189024; 
570059,4188952; 570045,4188910; 570025,4188867; 570023,4188815; 
570046,4188770; 570046,4188758; 569979,4188748; 569933,4188747; 
569870,4188744; 569870,4188744; 569833,4188740; 569812,4188737; 
569797,4188801; 569800,4188803; 569795,4188810; 569711,4189182; 
569653,4189441; 569641,4189496; 569636,4189583; 569616,4189631; 
569598,4189682; 569594,4189688; 569411,4189917; 569406,4189923; 
569374,4189924; 569274,4189980; 569225,4190030; 569177,4190078; 
569155,4190106; 569136,4190157; 569081,4190173; 569032,4190167; 
569002,4190189; 568998,4190224; 568980,4190269; 568946,4190290; 
568922,4190323; 568917,4190364; 568874,4190407; 568830,4190433; 
568805,4190445; 568769,4190447; 568737,4190460; 568752,4190479; 
568751,4190531; 568734,4190563; 568709,4190593; 568678,4190593; 
568668,4190561; 568653,4190529; 568616,4190528; 568591,4190563; 
568571,4190602; 568571,4190642; 568572,4190676; 568572,4190713; 
568544,4190750; 568497,4190740; 568399,4190730; 568348,4190753; 
568311,4190797; 568321,4190846; 568286,4190879; 568234,4190900; 
568189,4190901; 568159,4190874; 568128,4190840; 568090,4190857; 
568083,4190876; 568077,4190892; 568039,4190907; 568033,4190907; 
567986,4190905; 567927,4190901; 567818,4190895; 567782,4190871; 
567763,4190854; 567732,4190829; 567694,4190812; 567640,4190812; 
567582,4190826; 567531,4190841; 567474,4190848; 567431,4190854; 
567392,4190864; 567365,4190844; 567344,4190817; 567319,4190789; 
567310,4190763; 567291,4190731; 567266,4190713; 567210,4190705; 
567149,4190704; 567059,4190700; 566992,4190697; 566940,4190683; 
566929,4190673; 566907,4190672; 566896,4190683; 566890,4190714; 
566885,4190742; 566880,4190766; 566874,4190792; 566867,4190819; 
566840,4190849; 566817,4190867; 566794,4190872; 566746,4190862; 
566691,4190848; 566634,4190839; 566578,4190827; 566565,4190839; 
566538,4190851; 566505,4190864; 566476,4190886; 566455,4190918; 
566441,4190942; 566440,4190975; 566440,4191017; 566445,4191065; 
566448,4191102; 566445,4191121; 566437,4191147; 566426,4191175; 
566420,4191219; 566417,4191239; 566550,4191256; 566714,4191328; 
566840,4191413; 566850,4191422; 566864,4191428; 566894,4191453; 
566899,4191506; 566850,4191574; 566801,4191623; 566722,4191661; 
566642,4191669; 566549,4191647; 566476,4191647; 566387,4191648; 
566317,4191674; 566287,4191694; 566273,4191731; 566273,4191775; 
566276,4191777; 566275,4191780; 566294,4191824; 566332,4191876; 
566329,4191875; 566330,4191877; 566390,4191931; 566458,4191942; 
566525,4191942; 566600,4191940; 566669,4191935; 566750,4191950; 
566752,4191952; 566839,4191957; 566944,4191974; 567064,4191950; 
567124,4191941; 567186,4191988; 567240,4192047; 567227,4192102; 
567203,4192172; 567156,4192217; 567079,4192271; 567066,4192295; 
567040,4192363; 567037,4192422; 567001,4192463; 566959,4192511; 
566950,4192542; 566937,4192585; 566909,4192628; 566891,4192658; 
566845,4192729; 566798,4192772;

[[Page 60654]]

566741,4192832; 566727,4192843; 566723,4192842; 566687,4192855; 
566647,4192882; 566625,4192904; 566624,4192905; 566624,4192906; 
566627,4192907; 566650,4192915; 566650,4192915; 566776,4192988; 
566895,4193034; 567014,4193041; 567193,4193015; 567365,4192955; 
567470,4192915; 567596,4192862; 567735,4192796; 567874,4192737; 
568059,4192697; 568154,4192688; 568198,4192684; 568350,4192684; 
568516,4192684; 568668,4192690; 568794,4192710; 568816,4192719; 
568885,4192674; 569349,4192659; 570105,4192947; 570104,4192949; 
570201,4192984; 570206,4192985; 570967,4193256; 571027,4193166; 
571060,4193146; 571089,4193100; 571085,4193094; 571113,4193087; 
571153,4193067; 571189,4193034; 571239,4192998; 571292,4192955; 
571345,4192912; 571391,4192879; 571440,4192856; 571474,4192826; 
571493,4192770; 571507,4192720; 571507,4192677; 571509,4192637; 
571500,4192615; 571485,4192563; 571471,4192513; 571463,4192468; 
571449,4192419; 571443,4192379; 571428,4192347; 571426,4192341; 
571396,4192291; 571336,4192158; 571335,4192155; 571309,4192084; 
571230,4191987; 571131,4191901; 571110,4191870; 571063,4191824; 
571036,4191808; 571021,4191784; 571000,4191768; 570982,4191756; 
570968,4191741; 570953,4191723; 570942,4191705; 570924,4191679; 
570902,4191656; 570890,4191641; 570876,4191624; 570855,4191599; 
570818,4191574; 570789,4191551; 570766,4191532; 570748,4191520; 
570730,4191505; 570713,4191489; 570696,4191477; 570666,4191470; 
570652,4191472; 570642,4191487; 570624,4191517; 570623,4191557; 
570610,4191565; 570597,4191564; 570569,4191545; 570544,4191533; 
570522,4191522; 570481,4191513; 570431,4191507; 570377,4191500; 
570335,4191500; 570296,4191493; 570271,4191488; 570228,4191474; 
570182,4191457; 570131,4191433; 570106,4191422; 570052,4191402; 
570011,4191390; 569972,4191372; 569929,4191357; 569883,4191341; 
569840,4191327; 569800,4191313; 569709,4191263; 569680,4191243; 
569662,4191230; 569631,4191209; 569607,4191194; 569587,4191178; 
569562,4191158; 569542,4191128; 569529,4191089; 569518,4191057; 
569512,4191026; 569507,4191000; 569503,4190973; 569497,4190945; 
569491,4190916; 569480,4190893; 569464,4190866; 569458,4190850; 
569450,4190828; 569442,4190801; 569422,4190770; 569400,4190748; 
569378,4190719; 569367,4190704; 569361,4190680; 569366,4190659; 
569394,4190657; 569425,4190659; 569453,4190661; 569483,4190662; 
569506,4190650; 569526,4190643; 569539,4190637; 569548,4190661; 
569558,4190707; 569565,4190747; 569575,4190779; 569593,4190830; 
569602,4190856; 569612,4190892; 569622,4190907; 569630,4190935; 
569639,4190973; 569642,4190993; 569647,4191031; 569650,4191055; 
569660,4191091; 569666,4191105; 569679,4191137; 569688,4191146; 
569718,4191166; 569782,4191200; 569814,4191218; 569865,4191241; 
569965,4191276; 570008,4191299; 570032,4191310; 570064,4191321; 
570101,4191336; 570140,4191343; 570186,4191350; 570223,4191351; 
570235,4191352; 570263,4191311; 570652,4191238; 570706,4191244; 
570724,4191310; 570758,4191385; 570802,4191401; 570818,4191407; 
570862,4191409; 570947,4191357; 571019,4191288; 571101,4191224; 
571197,4191141; 571267,4191087; 571297,4191070; 571401,4191028; 
571488,4191066; 571605,4191066; 571738,4191012; 571892,4190987; 
572050,4190974; 572107,4191055; 572111,4191052; 572145,4191049; 
572192,4191047; 572199,4191048; 572214,4191037; 572264,4191024; 
572345,4191030; 572370,4191043; 572381,4191051; 572416,4191078; 
572491,4191088; 572672,4190749; 572632,4190749; 572566,4190748; 
572571,4190450; 572573,4190347; 572568,4190340; 572604,4190272; 
572607,4190269; 572617,4190259; 572651,4190225; 572629,4190167; 
572625,4190156; 572627,4190154; 572661,4190121; 572834,4189951; 
572923,4189863; 572977,4189880; 573078,4189557; 573124,4189412; 
573209,4189380; 573237,4189455; 573402,4189420; 573445,4189336; 
573625,4188983; 573587,4188867; 573568,4188810; 573554,4188767; 
574038,4188607; 574070,4188596; 574233,4188195; 574259,4188130; and 
returning to 574257,4188128.
    (ii) Note: Map 8 (Unit 6) follows:
BILLING CODE 4310-55-U

[[Page 60655]]

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP18OC05.007


[[Page 60656]]


* * * * *

    Dated: September 30, 2005.
Craig Manson,
Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife and Parks.
[FR Doc. 05-20145 Filed 10-17-05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4310-55-C