[Federal Register Volume 68, Number 117 (Wednesday, June 18, 2003)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 36487-36495]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 03-15363]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Parts 257 and 258

[FRL-7514-7]
RIN 2050-AE86


Criteria for Classification of Solid Waste Disposal Facilities 
and Practices and Criteria for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills: 
Disposal of Residential Lead-Based Paint Waste

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: To help accelerate the pace of lead-based paint removal from 
residences, and thereby reduce exposure to children and adults from the 
health risks associated with lead, EPA is promulgating a change to its 
definition of ``municipal solid waste landfill unit'' in both the 
Criteria for Classification of Solid Waste Disposal Facilities and 
Practices and the Criteria for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills. In 
addition, EPA is promulgating two new definitions for ``construction 
and demolition (C&D) landfill'' and ``residential lead-based paint 
waste.'' This final rule will expressly allow residential lead-based 
paint waste that is exempted from the hazardous waste management 
requirements as household waste to be disposed of in construction and 
demolition landfills by stating that a construction and demolition 
landfill accepting residential lead-based paint waste, and no other 
household waste, is not a municipal solid waste landfill unit. Today's 
action would not prevent a municipal solid waste landfill unit from 
continuing to receive residential lead-based paint waste.

DATES: This final rule will become effective on June 18, 2003. The 
Agency finds good cause to make this rule effective immediately because 
today's final rule provides an additional disposal option for 
residential lead-based paint waste.

ADDRESSES: Copies of the documents relevant to this action (Docket No. 
RCRA-2001-0017) are available for public inspection during normal 
business hours from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, 
excluding federal holidays, at the RCRA Information Center (RIC), 
located at EPA West, Room B-102, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW. 
Washington, DC.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For general information, contact the 
RCRA Hotline at (800) 424-9346 or TDD (800) 553-7672 (hearing 
impaired). In the Washington, DC, metropolitan area, call (703) 412-
9810 or TDD (703) 412-3323.
    For information on specific aspects of this rule, contact Paul 
Cassidy, Municipal and Industrial Solid Waste Division, Office of Solid 
Waste (mail code 5306W), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 
HQ), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460; (703) 308-
7281, [email protected]. The index and some supporting materials are 
available on the Internet. You can find these materials at http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/non-hw/muncpl/landfill/pb-paint.htm.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. General Information

A. Regulated Entities

    Entities potentially covered by this regulation are public or 
private individuals or groups that generate residential lead-based 
paint (LBP) waste as a result of abatement, rehabilitation, renovation 
and remodeling in homes, residences, and other households. By 
``households,'' we mean single and multiple residences, hotels and 
motels, bunkhouses, ranger stations, crew quarters, campgrounds, picnic 
grounds, and day-use recreation areas. Affected categories and entities 
include:

[[Page 36488]]



------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Category                  Examples of affected entities
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Individuals and firms who      Contractors and do-it-yourselfers who
 generate residential LBP       generate and dispose of residential LBP
 wastes.                        waste as a result of abatement,
                                rehabilitation, renovation and
                                remodeling in homes, residences, and
                                other households.
Construction and demolition    Owners or operators of construction and
 waste disposal firms.          demolition landfills that accept
                                residential LBP waste for disposal.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The table above is not intended to be exhaustive but, rather, is 
intended to provide examples of entities likely to be regulated by this 
action. To determine whether your facility would be impacted by this 
action, you should carefully examine the applicability criteria in this 
rule. If you have questions regarding the applicability of this action 
to a particular facility, please contact Paul Cassidy, U.S. EPA, Office 
of Solid Waste (5306W), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington, DC 
20460; telephone 703-308-7281; e-mail: [email protected].

B. How Can I Get Copies of This Document and Other Related Information?

    1. Docket. EPA has established an official public docket for this 
action under Docket ID No. RCRA-2001-0017. The official public docket 
consists of the documents specifically referenced in this action, any 
public comments received and other information related to this action. 
The official public docket is the collection of materials that is 
available for public viewing at the RCRA Information Center (RIC), 
located at EPA West, Room B-102, 1301 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington 
DC. The Docket Facility is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday 
through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the 
Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744. In the Washington, DC, 
metropolitan area, call 202-566-0270 or TDD 703-412-3323 (hearing 
impaired). To review the docket materials in person, we recommend that 
the public make an appointment by calling 202-566-0270. The public can 
copy a maximum of 100 pages from the docket at no charge. Additional 
copies cost $0.15/page. If you access the information electronically, 
you can download or print copies free of charge.
    2. Electronic Access. You may access this Federal Register document 
electronically through the EPA Internet under the ``Federal Register'' 
listings at http.www.epa.gov/fedrgstr.
    An electronic version of the public docket is available through 
EPA's electronic public docket and comment system, EPA Dockets. You may 
use EPA Dockets at http://www.epa.gov/edocket/ to access the index 
listing of the contents of the official public docket, and to access 
those documents in the public docket that are available electronically. 
Once in the system, select ``search,'' then key in the appropriate 
docket identification number. Although not all docket materials may be 
available electronically, you may still access any of the publicly 
available docket materials through the docket facility identified above 
in Unit I.B.

C. Acronyms

------------------------------------------------------------------------
              Acronym                             Definition
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CDC................................  Centers of Disease Control and
                                      Prevention.
C&D................................  Construction and Demolition.
CFR................................  Code of Federal Regulations.
EA.................................  Economic Analysis.
EPA................................  Environmental Protection Agency.
FR.................................  Federal Register.
HUD................................  U.S. Department of Housing and
                                      Urban Development.
IQ.................................  Intelligence Quotient.
LBP................................  Lead-Based Paint.
MSWLF..............................  Municipal Solid Waste Landfill.
OMB................................  Office of Management and Budget.
OPPTS..............................  Office of Prevention, Pesticides,
                                      and Toxic Substances.
OSWER..............................  Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
                                      Response.
RCRA...............................  Resource Conservation and Recovery
                                      Act.
RIC................................  RCRA Docket Information Center.
TC.................................  Toxicity Characteristic.
TCLP...............................  Toxicity Characteristic Leaching
                                      Procedure.
TSCA...............................  Toxic Substances Control Act.
USEPA..............................  United States Environmental
                                      Protection Agency.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Outline

I. Legal Authority
II. Summary of Proposed Lead-Based Paint Rule
    A. Proposed Change to the Definition of ``Municipal Solid Waste 
Landfill (MSWLF) Unit''
    B. Proposed Definition of ``Construction and Demolition (C&D) 
Landfill''
    C. Proposed Definition of ``Residential Lead-Based Paint Waste''
    D. Rationale for Proposed Rule
III. Summary of Public Comments and the Agency's Responses to those 
Comments
IV. Other Applicable Federal, State, Tribal, and Local Requirements
V. How Will States and Tribes Implement this Rule?
VI. How Does this Rule Comply with Applicable Statutes and Executive 
Orders? Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
    A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review
    B. Paperwork Reduction Act
    C. Regulatory Flexibility Act
    D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
    E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
    F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination with 
Indian Tribal Governments
    G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children from 
Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks
    H. Executive Order 13211: Actions that Significantly Affect 
Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use
    I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995
    J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions to Address 
Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income 
Populations
    K. Congressional Review Act

I. Legal Authority

    EPA is promulgating this rule pursuant to section 1008(a)(3), 
2002(a), 4004(a) and 4010(c) of the Resource Conservation and Recovery 
Act (RCRA), 42 U.S.C. Secs. 6907(a), 6912(a), 6944(a), 6949a(c). We are 
also correcting a typographical error in the existing statement of 
authority in part 257 by amending the citation to 42 U.S.C. 6949(c) to 
read ``6949a(c).''

II. Summary of Proposed Lead-Based Paint Rule

A. Proposed Change to the Definition of ``Municipal Solid Waste 
Landfill (MSWLF) Unit''

    In its October 23, 2001, proposal (see 66 FR 53566-53573) regarding 
the disposal of residential lead-based paint waste, the Agency proposed 
to expressly allow construction and demolition landfills to receive 
residential lead-based paint (LBP) waste.\1\ This was to be 
accomplished in part by adding a sentence to the definition of 
municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) unit in 40 CFR 257.2 and 258.2, 
as follows: ``A

[[Page 36489]]

construction and demolition landfill that receives residential lead-
based paint waste and does not receive any other household waste is not 
a MSWLF unit.'' The Agency explained in the preamble to the proposal 
that the existing definition of a MSWLF unit includes language which 
states that a disposal unit ``that receives household waste'' is a 
municipal solid waste landfill unit. This language can be construed to 
prohibit the disposal of any household waste into a facility that is 
not designed and operated in conformance with 40 CFR part 258 
regulations. As a result the Agency proposed to amend the definition of 
MSWLF unit, to distinguish residential lead-based paint waste, which 
has been determined to be a household waste, from other types of 
household waste, for purposes of disposal.
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    \1\ EPA published a direct final rule at 66 FR 53535 (Oct. 23, 
2001) together with the proposed rule. EPA withdrew the direct final 
rule after receiving adverse comments. 66 FR 67108 (Dec. 28, 2001). 
Today's rule is final action on the proposed rule.
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    The definition as proposed is as follows: ``Municipal solid waste 
landfill (MSWLF) unit means a discrete area of land or an excavation 
that receives household waste, and that is not a land application unit, 
surface impoundment, injection well, or waste pile, as those terms are 
defined in this section. A MSWLF unit also may continue to receive 
other types of RCRA Subtitle D wastes, such as commercial solid waste, 
nonhazardous sludge, and industrial solid waste. Such a landfill may be 
publicly or privately-owned. A MSWLF unit may be a new MSWLF unit, an 
existing MSWLF unit or a lateral expansion. A construction and 
demolition landfill that receives residential lead-based paint waste 
and does not receive any other household waste is not a MSWLF unit.''
    The proposed change was designed to simply distinguish residential 
LBP waste from other household wastes. The proposal would not alter 
what a MSWLF could or could not receive. MSWLFs would be allowed to 
continue to receive residential LBP waste as household waste. The 
proposed rule expressly provided an additional land-based waste 
disposal option for residential LBP waste.

B. Proposed Definition of ``Construction and Demolition Landfill''

    The October 23, 2001 notice also proposed to add a definition of a 
construction and demolition (C&D) waste landfill, which would expressly 
allow only C&D landfills, and no other types of land disposal units 
that meet the criteria of 40 CFR part 257, to receive residential LBP 
waste. The Agency proposed to define a C&D landfill as follows: 
``Construction and demolition (C&D) landfill means a solid waste 
disposal facility subject to the requirements of subparts A or B of 
this part that receives construction and demolition waste and does not 
receive hazardous waste (defined in Sec. 261.3 of this chapter) other 
than conditionally exempt small quantity generator waste (defined in 
Sec. 261.5 of this chapter), or industrial solid waste (defined in Sec. 
258.2 of this chapter). A C&D landfill typically receives any one or 
more of the following types of solid wastes: roadwork material, 
excavated material, demolition waste, construction/renovation waste, 
and site clearance waste.'' The proposed rule would add this definition 
to 40 CFR parts 257 and 258.

C. Proposed Definition of ``Residential Lead-Based Paint Waste''

    Finally, EPA proposed to define ``residential lead-based paint 
waste'' to clarify the scope of the waste stream addressed by the 
proposed rule. The proposed definition of residential lead-based paint 
waste is as follows: ``Residential lead-based paint waste means waste 
generated as a result of lead-based paint activities (including 
abatement, rehabilitation, renovation and remodeling) in homes and 
other residences. The term residential lead-based paint waste includes, 
but is not limited to, lead-based paint debris, chips, dust, and 
sludges.'' Not included in the proposed definition of residential LBP 
waste were residential LBP demolition and deconstruction waste, and LBP 
waste from nonresidential structures such as public and commercial 
buildings, warehouses, bridges, water towers, and transmission towers.
    In proposing the definition of residential lead-based paint waste, 
the Agency included these particular LBP activities because they were 
limited to residences and would pose lead hazards to occupants, 
especially to children. We included the particular waste types (i.e., 
debris, chips, dust, and sludges) because they are typically generated 
during the named LBP activities.

D. Rationale for Proposed Rule

    In the preamble to the proposal, EPA explained the Agency's 
rationale and justification of the proposed changes, as well as the 
analytical basis for the proposal. The proposal provided a specific 
discussion of: (1) The reasons that residential lead-based paint is a 
concern to children; (2) the Congressional enactment of the Residential 
Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992 (hereinafter referred to 
as Title X of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1992, or 
Title X); (3) the concerns of stakeholders who have seen the 
application of RCRA's hazardous waste regulations as a barrier to the 
cost-effective abatement of lead hazards; (4) the 1988 proposed rule 
under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) which proposed new TSCA 
management and disposal standards for LBP debris generated by 
contractors from pre-1978 homes and public and commercial buildings; 
(5) the 1988 temporary suspension of the toxicity characteristic for 
specified lead-based paint debris under RCRA; and (6) the July 31, 2000 
memorandum clarifying the regulatory status under RCRA Subtitle C of 
wastes generated as a result of LBP activities, including abatements, 
renovation and remodeling, and rehabilitations in homes and other 
residences. In the July 31, 2000 memorandum, the Agency interpreted 
residential LBP waste as a household waste excluded from the hazardous 
waste management requirements pursuant to the household waste exclusion 
in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(1), thus giving rise to the proposed amendments to 
parts 257 and 258 to expand disposal options for residential LBP waste 
to include C&D landfills, as well as MSWLF units.

III. Summary of Public Comments and the Agency's Response to Those 
Comments

    The Agency received a total of eight comments on the proposed 
residential LBP waste rule: four from construction and/or demolition 
trade associations, and one each from a state, an association of state 
agencies, an environmental organization, and an individual. In general, 
commenters supported the proposal to allow residential LBP waste to be 
disposed of in C&D landfills. However, some commenters requested 
clarifications of the rule or preamble language or suggested additions 
to the rule language.

Definition of Residential Lead-Based Paint Waste

    The state commenter argued that the proposed rule contained a 
significant flaw by including chips, dust and sludges in the definition 
of ``residential lead-based paint waste,'' because EPA failed to take 
into account the potential for sleet, surface-water or wind-borne 
movement of lead paint chips, dust, and sludges off-site from a C&D 
landfill. The commenter stated that the placement of LBP dust, chips 
and sludges in an open environment (i.e., a landfill that does not 
provide for daily cover) over an extended period of time, e.g., 30 
days, may allow a significant rain or wind event to transport lead-
containing materials off-site. The commenter

[[Page 36490]]

further stated that sudden intense rain events or winds above 20 to 25 
miles per hour can transport lead-containing wastes off-site by surface 
water or air currents. The commenter suggested that requiring daily 
cover or special packaging at C&D landfills for the above-mentioned 
wastes would mitigate the potential for adverse impact from surface 
water or air transport.
    Because other features of C&D landfills and LBP waste handling 
practices serve to mitigate potential impacts from surface water or air 
transport, the Agency does not believe that requirements for daily 
cover or special packaging are needed on the federal level. Surface 
water transport off-site by sudden intense rain events would constitute 
``non-point source'' pollution under the Clean Water Act. To mitigate 
potential surface water impacts, C&D landfills must comply with 40 CFR 
257.3-3(c), which requires that a facility or practice shall not cause 
non-point source pollution that violates legal requirements 
implementing an areawide or statewide water quality management plan 
approved by EPA under the Clean Water Act.
    To further mitigate potential water or air transport, both EPA and 
the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) have issued 
guidance for LBP waste management calling for the containment of LBP 
wastes in plastic with sealed seams. EPA's ``Reducing Lead Hazards When 
Remodeling Your Home'' EPA 747-K-97-001 (http://www.epa.gov/lead/rrpamph.pdf) and EPA's Model Renovation Training Course EPA 747-B-00-
005/6 (http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/lead/rrmodel.htm) both call for safe 
and secure disposal. Safe and secure disposal involves placing the LBP 
wastes in plastic (4-6 mil poly) bags that are sealed closed. HUD 
modified the EPA training course and developed their own training 
program to serve the specific needs of HUD's constituents. The HUD 
training course entitled ``Addressing Lead-Based Paint Hazards During 
Renovation, Remodeling and Rehabilitation in Federally Owned and 
Assisted Housing'' (also referred to as ``The 3R Course'') (http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/training/3r/3r_course.cfm) was first 
delivered to remodeling and rehabilitation workers during HUD's 
nationwide training initiative in 2001-2002. HUD's training recommends 
that safe disposal of LBP wastes be accomplished by means of plastic 
bags. Other HUD brochures and documents also recommend that LBP wastes 
be placed in plastic bags for safe disposal. These brochures include:

``Lead Paint Can Poison: Is Your Family at Risk?'' (http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/outreach/parents.pdf).
``Lead Paint Safety--A Field Guide for Painting, Home Maintenance, and 
Renovation Work'' (http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/training/LBPguide.pdf).
``Caution: Lead Paint Handle With Care'' (http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/outreach/tradesOKAYTOPRINT.pdf).
``Lead Paint Can Poison: Protect Your Family When You Repaint or 
Remodel''. (http://www.hud.gov/offices/lead/outreach/remodel.pdf)

    HUD also operates the Lead-Based Paint Hazard Control Grant Program 
that has as its primary purpose to reduce the exposure of young 
children to lead-based paint hazards in their homes. The program 
provides grants to State and local governments for control of lead-
based paint hazards in privately owned, low income owner-occupied and 
rental housing. These grants are designed to stimulate the development 
of a trained and certified hazard evaluation and control industry. 
Evaluation and hazard control work under the program must be conducted 
by either contractors who are certified and workers who are trained 
through a State-accredited program or by contractors trained in lead-
safe work practices in the case of interim controls.
    Moreover, as of March 1, 2000, lead service providers within the 
United States must be certified (or licensed) under an EPA authorized 
lead program. Most of the States have developed and are administering 
such a program and EPA certifies lead service providers in states that 
do not have their own programs. As of January 2003, 38 States had EPA-
approved state lead programs that actively certify (license) lead 
service providers.
    EPA has also discussed this issue with the National Association of 
Demolition Contractors (NADC). NADC re-confirmed EPA's understanding 
that paint chips and dust are managed in plastic bags. NADC stated that 
lead-based dust is removed with vacuums with HEPA filters and that the 
vacuum bags are removed and then tied closed prior to disposal. Paint 
chips that may fall on a plastic sheet are collected in the plastic 
sheet which is then placed in a tied plastic bag.
    As stated above, the EPA believes that sufficient guidance, 
literature, training programs, EPA-approved state lead programs, and 
current practices exist so that whether the LBP waste is in the form of 
chips, dust, or sludge it will be managed appropriately (i.e., 
containment in plastic bags on site prior to transport to disposal). At 
the disposal facility, the containment plastic serves to mitigate 
against potential impacts of water or wind transport.
    Additionally, where water or wind transport are problematic, States 
have demonstrated their ability, even in the absence of a federal 
requirement, to impose additional requirements for weekly, monthly, or 
daily cover as necessary to control particulate releases. According to 
the 1995 report, ``Construction and Demolition Waste Landfills,'' 14 
States require on-site C&D units to provide daily cover, while 19 
States require daily cover at off-site C&D units. Based on these C&D 
landfill features and LBP waste handling practices, the Agency does not 
believe it is necessary to impose on the federal level a requirement 
for daily cover at C&D landfills receiving LBP waste.
    Two industry association commenters stated that lead-based paint 
architectural debris generated from all structures, commercial and 
industrial, as well as, residential, can safely be disposed of in C&D 
landfills (i.e., Subtitle D facilities). The commenters disagreed with 
the Agency's statement in the preamble that demolition and 
deconstruction waste was not similar to household waste. The commenters 
believe that LBP material handled by the demolition industry in 
commercial and industrial structures is no more dangerous to public 
health and the environment than when LBP appears in a residential 
structure.
    The Agency wishes to clarify that today's rule is an outgrowth of 
the July 31, 2000 Memorandum stating that waste generated as a result 
of LBP activities in homes and other residences falls within the 
exclusion for ``household waste'' in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(1). (See 66 FR 
53569.) The scope of this rulemaking concerns only residential lead-
based paint wastes and not lead-based paint wastes from commercial and 
industrial structures because lead-based paint waste from commercial 
and industrial structures does not fall within the exclusion for 
``household waste'' in 40 CFR 261.4(b)(1) or the definition of 
``household waste'' in 40 CFR 258.2. Thus, residential LBP waste that 
would otherwise be hazardous waste subject to the hazardous waste 
management requirements of Subtitle C of RCRA can be managed under 
Subtitle D of RCRA. The purpose of this rulemaking is to expand 
Subtitle D disposal options for this particular household waste, which, 
without today's rule could only be disposed of in municipal solid waste 
landfills pursuant to 40 CFR part 258.
    The July 31, 2000 Memorandum did not affect the regulatory status 
of

[[Page 36491]]

nonresidential LBP waste, such as that generated during the abatement 
or renovation and remodeling of a commercial building. ``Household 
waste'' is defined as ``any material (including garbage, trash and 
sanitary waste in septic tanks) derived from households (including 
single and multiple residences, hotels and motels, bunkhouses, ranger 
stations, crew quarters, campgrounds, picnic grounds and day-use 
recreation areas).'' (Emphasis added.)
    The Agency recognizes that not all lead-based paint waste, whether 
from residential, commercial, or industrial sources, is ``hazardous 
waste'' which must be managed under RCRA Subtitle C. Any LBP waste that 
is not hazardous waste can be safely disposed of in a Subtitle D 
landfill, including a C&D waste landfill.
    Several commenters stated that the proposed rule was not 
sufficiently clear as to the distinctions between those LBP activities 
that generate waste that would qualify as ``residential LBP waste'' 
(e.g. abatement, rehabilitation, renovation, and remodeling'') and 
those that would not fall within the scope of the rule (e.g., 
``demolition and deconstruction''). One of these commenters stated that 
the regulated community might believe that there is some deconstruction 
or demolition occurring whenever you perform rehabilitation, 
renovation, remodeling, and perhaps to some extent abatement. The 
commenter suggested that the focus of the final rule be on waste type 
and not on waste activity.
    The Agency distinguishes demolition and deconstruction activities 
from abatement, rehabilitation, renovation, and remodeling on the basis 
that demolition and deconstruction result in the elimination of the 
residential structure, while the residential structure remains where 
the other listed activities are conducted. The proposed definition of 
residential lead based paint waste does not include residential 
demolition and deconstruction activities. The proposed definition was 
limited to LBP waste that would be subject to Subtitle C of RCRA, 
except that it is included within the household waste exclusion in 40 
CFR 261.4(b)(1). The Agency has applied two criteria to define the 
scope of the exclusion: (1) The waste must be generated by individuals 
on the premises of a household, and (2) the waste must be composed 
primarily of materials found in the wastes generated by consumers in 
their homes (49 FR 44978 and 63 FR 70241). In the case of LBP wastes, 
we have determined that demolition and deconstruction, which result in 
the elimination of the household structure, are outside the scope of 
the household waste exclusion and therefore are not included in the 
definition of ``residential LBP waste.'' Although demolition activities 
and renovation activities may produce some of the same types of waste, 
the waste type is not a factor for consideration under 40 CFR 
261.4(b)(1), and therefore, today's final rule continues to read as 
proposed. The Agency wants to make it clear that deconstruction and 
demolition wastes can continue to be placed in construction and 
demolition waste landfills provided that these types of wastes do not 
exhibit the toxicity or any other characteristic (i.e., are not a 
hazardous waste).
    One commenter was specifically concerned that the proposed 
definition of residential lead-based paint waste could create confusion 
about the scope of activities that are considered ``lead-based paint 
activities'' under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). The 
proposed residential LBP definition states that LBP activities include 
abatement, rehabilitation, renovation, and remodeling. Regulations 
promulgated under TSCA define ``lead-based paint activities'' to mean 
lead inspection, risk assessment, and abatement in the case of target 
(most pre-1978) housing (see 40 CFR 745.223). Renovation, remodeling, 
and rehabilitation are not considered lead-based paint activities under 
Title X. The commenter was concerned that the Agency was trying to 
change the scope of the TSCA regulation under the proposed RCRA 
regulation. The commenter suggested that the term lead-based paint 
activities be deleted and replaced with the phrase ``activities that 
disturb lead-based paint.''
    The Agency did not intend or propose to change the scope of the 
TSCA regulation in the October 2001 proposal. However, to eliminate any 
potential confusion, the Agency has decided to change the definition of 
residential LBP wastes to eliminate the words ``lead-based paint 
activities.'' The definition of residential LBP wastes included in 
today's final rule does not use the term ``lead-based paint 
activities.'' This definition is as follows: ``Residential lead-based 
paint waste means waste containing lead-based paint, which is generated 
as a result of activities such as abatement, rehabilitation, renovation 
and remodeling in homes and other residences. The term residential 
lead-based paint waste includes, but is not limited to, lead-based 
paint debris, chips, dust, and sludges.''

Definition of Construction and Demolition Waste Landfill

    A trade association commenter objected to the proposed definition 
of ``construction and demolition waste landfill'' because the proposed 
rule would define a C&D waste landfill as one that does not receive 
``industrial wastes,'' as defined in section 258.2. The commenter 
objected because the definition as proposed would preclude a C&D 
landfill that receives industrial waste in the form of manufacturer's 
``off-spec,'' rejected, or damaged construction materials from 
accepting residential lead-based paint waste. Thus C&D landfills in 
that state would have to choose between residential LBP waste or off 
spec., damaged, or rejected construction materials, but not both.
    In the proposed definition of construction and demolition waste 
landfill, the Agency stated that C&D waste landfills were not eligible 
to receive ``industrial solid wastes as defined in 40 CFR 258.2.'' The 
definition of ``industrial solid waste'' in section 258.2 covers 
``wastes resulting from'' particular manufacturing or industrial 
processes. In defining C&D landfills, the Agency was concerned about 
C&D waste landfills receiving wastes generated by manufacturing or 
industrial processes and, as such, wrote the definition to exclude such 
wastes. In practice, industrial process wastes are typically managed 
on-site, or in limited cases, sent off-site to private/commercial 
industrial waste facilities. Industrial process wastes should not be 
received for disposal at a C&D waste landfill. The commenter was 
concerned that off-spec construction products (e.g., toilets or 
shingles) would not be allowed in a C&D waste landfill because of the 
proposed definition. However, the Agency views ``off-spec,'' rejected, 
or damaged construction materials as virtually identical in nature to 
the type of waste that is appropriately received at a C&D waste 
landfill and are not ``industrial solid waste'' as defined at 40 CFR 
258.2. Because the definition of industrial solid waste does not 
explicitly include materials that do not meet manufactures' 
specifications, are damaged or rejected for use, EPA believes that 
industrial waste in the form of manufacturer's ``off-spec,'' rejected, 
or damaged construction materials can be appropriately placed in a C&D 
landfill. In addition, the Agency expects that States would exercise 
judgment in what is considered industrial wastes. Thus, EPA believes 
that the definition in today's final rule accommodates disposal of 
unused construction materials that do not meet

[[Page 36492]]

manufacturers' specifications, are damaged or rejected for use.
    Another commenter stated that the definition of C&D landfill as 
proposed could be interpreted to mean that conditionally exempt small 
quantity generator waste could be accepted in a 40 CFR part 257 Subpart 
A facility. The commenter suggested a wording change to eliminate this 
possible misinterpretation.
    EPA does not intend that a C&D landfill be allowed to receive 
conditionally exempt small quantity generator wastes if the C&D 
landfill meets the requirements of 40 CFR part 257 Subpart A, but does 
not meet the requirements of part 257, subpart B. Therefore, the Agency 
has changed the definition of C&D waste landfill to eliminate any 
potential confusion. The definition has been changed to clarify that 
conditionally exempt small quantity generator wastes can only be 
disposed of in a C&D landfill that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 
part 257, Subpart B.

Effect on State Programs

    The state association commenter indicated that it is important that 
EPA be explicit that states are not required to amend their programs to 
incorporate today's rule; however the commenter also suggested language 
to assure States that their prior approved programs will not be 
reopened regardless of whether they adopt today's rule or not. EPA 
agrees with the comment and has revised the language in Section V. of 
today's preamble to make this clear.

Lead-Contaminated Soils

    Lastly, a commenter stated that EPA had missed a golden opportunity 
to allow lead-contaminated soils to be managed similarly and requested 
that EPA move expeditiously to craft a rule to allow lead-contaminated 
soils to be disposed of in C&D and municipal solid waste landfills. The 
commenter claimed that the disposal of lead-contaminated soils in C&D 
landfills and municipal solid waste landfills is environmentally safer 
than is the disposal of lead-based paint debris. The commenter also 
argued that the cost of managing those soils that fail the TCLP under 
the RCRA hazardous waste requirements discourages soil lead abatement 
from residences. As discussed previously, today's rulemaking is limited 
to providing the C&D landfill disposal option for residential lead-
based paint waste addressed in the July 31, 2000 Memorandum. Lead-
contaminated soils were not included in the July 31, 2000 Memorandum, 
thus EPA is not addressing disposal of lead-contaminated soils at this 
time.

Summary of Final Rule Changes

    This final rule will expressly allow residential lead-based paint 
waste to be disposed of in construction and demolition waste landfills 
by clearly stating that a construction and demolition landfill 
accepting residential lead-based paint waste, and no other household 
waste, is not a municipal solid waste landfill unit. Today's action 
does not prevent a municipal solid waste landfill from continuing to 
receive residential lead-based paint waste. Two minor changes were made 
to the final regulatory language based on comments received on the 
proposal. Today's final rule was modified to remove ``LBP activities'' 
to one that includes ``activities that disturb LBP.'' The definition of 
construction and demolition waste landfill was changed to eliminate any 
confusion so that small quantity generator waste can only be disposed 
of in a facility that meets the requirements of 40 CFR part 257, 
subpart B.

IV. Other Applicable Federal, State, Tribal, and Local Requirements

    Today's final rule would not alter the authority of State, local 
and Tribal governments to regulate LBP waste more stringently than does 
EPA. Generators of residential LBP waste should contact the appropriate 
State environmental agencies to determine if there are additional or 
more stringent disposal requirements for residential LBP waste. Also, 
generators are subject to applicable HUD and/or TSCA regulations when 
addressing residential LBP hazards.

V. How Will States and Tribes Implement This Final Rule?

    Because today's final rule is less stringent than existing federal 
criteria, States are not required to amend their permit programs which 
have been determined to be adequate under 40 CFR part 239. States have 
the option of amending statutory or regulatory definitions pursuant to 
today's final rule. If a state chooses to amend its permit program 
pursuant to today's action, the State would be required to notify the 
Regional Administrator of the modification as provided by 40 CFR 
239.12. Whether a State chooses to incorporate today's rule into its 
solid waste program has Statutory and Executive Order Reviews no effect 
on its existing status with respect to EPA approval, i.e., State 
revisions will not open previously approved solid waste programs for 
Federal review.
    Today's amendments are directly applicable to landfills in States 
without an approved permit program under part 239 and in Indian 
Country. We encourage Tribes to adopt today's rule into their programs 
to promote lead-based paint abatement activities in homes and other 
residences in Indian Country.

VI. How Does This Final Rule Comply With Applicable Statutes and 
Executive Orders?

Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review
    Under Executive Order 12866, EPA must determine whether a 
regulatory action is significant and therefore subject to Office of 
Management and Budget (OMB) review and the other provisions of the 
Executive Order. The Order defines a significant regulatory action as 
one that is likely to result in a rule that may: (1) Have an annual 
effect on the economy of $100 million or more or adversely affect in a 
material way the economy, a sector of the economy, productivity, 
competition, jobs, the environment, public health or safety, or State, 
local, or tribal governments or communities; (2) create a serious 
inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an action taken or planned by 
another agency; (3) materially alter the budgetary impact of 
entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan programs or rights and 
obligations or recipients thereof; or (4) raise novel legal or policy 
issues arising out of legal mandates, the President's priorities, or 
the principles set forth in Executive Order 12866.
    It has been determined that this rule is not a ``significant 
regulatory action'' under the terms of Executive Order 12866 and is 
therefore not subject to OMB review.
    EPA has performed a full economic analysis, ``Economic Analysis of 
EPA's Final Rule Amending 40 CFR parts 257 and 258,'' which is 
available in the docket for today's rule. The Economic Analysis 
concludes that this rule will impose no additional costs to parties, 
but may result in cost savings and incremental public health benefits. 
The rule authorizes the disposal of residential LBP waste in C&D 
landfills, where previously, as ``household waste'' under the July 31, 
2000 policy memorandum, disposal was authorized only in MSWLFs. 
Therefore, EPA believes that, in those parts of the country where costs 
associated with transport to and disposal in C&D landfills is less 
expensive than costs associated with MSWLF disposal, some

[[Page 36493]]

residential LBP waste will be diverted from MSWLFs to C&D landfills. 
Where this occurs, generators will benefit from lower waste management 
and disposal costs.
    EPA believes that only residential LBP waste generators in the 
Midwest, Northeast, and South regions will shift disposal from MSWLFs 
to C&D landfills, based on an analysis of the relative costs of MSWLF 
and C&D landfill disposal by region. EPA further believes that the 
percentage of residential LBP waste that is affected is proportional to 
the share of these three regions in the number of housing units with 
LBP, which is 84.4 percent. Under these assumptions, an estimated 0.87 
million tons of residential LBP waste may be diverted from MSWLFs to 
C&D landfills annually. This represents 0.73 percent of the total 
volume of all waste disposed of in MSWLFs annually. This shift in 
disposal would save residential LBP waste generators in the Midwest, 
Northeast, and South regions up to an estimated $16.76 million 
annually. The savings accruing to generators of residential LBP 
abatement waste is estimated at $0.79 million per year, while the 
savings accruing to generators of residential renovation and remodeling 
waste is $15.98 million per year.
    EPA estimates that of the $0.79 million in savings that could 
accrue to generators of residential LBP abatement waste, an estimated 
39.7 percent, or $0.31 million, will be generated annually in the 
public housing sector. EPA assumes that in the public sector, any 
savings in residential LBP waste management and disposal costs will be 
used to conduct additional LBP abatements. Given an average cost for 
LBP abatement in public housing units of $3,650, the $0.31 million in 
annual savings would fund an additional 86 abatements each year. This 
ensuing increase in LBP abatement projects would result in a more rapid 
reduction in the potential for exposure to the hazards of LBP, 
especially for children. These hazards include decreased intelligence 
(i.e., lower IQ), behavioral problems, reduced physical stature and 
growth, and impaired hearing.
B. Paperwork Reduction Act
    The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the 
information collection requirements contained in this rule under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and 
has assigned OMB control number 2050-0154. Copies of the ICR 
document(s) may be obtained from Susan Auby, by mail at the Office of 
Environmental Information, Collection Strategies Division, U.S. 
Environmental Protection Agency (2822), 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., 
Washington, DC 20460, by email at [email protected], or by calling 
(202) 260-2740. A copy may also be downloaded off the Internet at 
http://www.epa.gov/icr.
    Today's action does not impose any new information collection 
burden. The previously approved information collection requirements are 
contained in the existing regulations at 40 CFR 257.30. Burden means 
the total time, effort, or financial resources expended by persons to 
generate, maintain, retain, or disclose or provide information to or 
for a Federal agency. This includes the time needed to review 
instructions; develop, acquire, install, and utilize technology and 
systems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and verifying 
information, processing and maintaining information, and disclosing and 
providing information; adjust the existing ways to comply with any 
previously applicable instructions and requirements; train personnel to 
be able to respond to a collection of information; search data sources; 
complete and review the collection of information; and transmit or 
otherwise disclose the information.
    An Agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required 
to respond to a collection of information, unless it displays a 
currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA's 
regulations are listed in 40 CFR part 9 and 48 CFR Chapter 15.
C. Regulatory Flexibility Act
    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA), as amended by the Small 
Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996 (SBREFA), 5 U.S.C. 
601 et seq., generally requires an agency to prepare a regulatory 
flexibility analysis of any rule subject to notice and comment 
rulemaking requirements under the Administrative Procedure Act or any 
other statute, unless the agency certifies that the rule will not have 
a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small 
entities. Small entities include small businesses, small organizations, 
and small governmental jurisdictions.
    For purposes of assessing the impacts of today's final rule on 
small entities, a small entity is defined as: (1) A small business that 
is primarily engaged in lead paint removal as described in the North 
American Industry Classification System (see http://www.sba.gov/size/SIC2NAICSmain.html); (2) a small governmental jurisdiction that is a 
government of a city, county, town, school district or special district 
with a population of less than 50,000; and (3) a small organization 
that is any not-for-profit enterprise which is independently owned and 
operated and is not dominant in its field.
    After considering the economic impacts of today's final rule on 
small entities, I certify that this action will not have a significant 
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. This final 
rule does not impose any new requirements on small entities. In fact, 
the rule will provide an additional non-mandatory option for the 
disposal of residential LBP waste, which could result in less cost in 
managing residential LBP waste.
D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
    Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Public 
Law 104-4, establishes requirements for Federal agencies to assess the 
effects of regulatory actions on State, local, and Tribal governments, 
and the private sector. Under Section 202 of the UMRA, EPA generally 
must prepare a written statement, including a cost-benefit analysis, 
for proposed and final rules with ``Federal mandates'' that may result 
in expenditures to State, local, and tribal governments, in the 
aggregate, or to the private sector, of $100 million or more in any one 
year. Before promulgating an EPA rule for which a written statement is 
needed, Section 205 of the UMRA generally requires EPA to identify and 
consider a reasonable number of alternatives and adopt the least 
costly, most cost effective or least burdensome alternative that 
achieves the objective of the rule. The provisions of Section 205 do 
not apply when they are inconsistent with applicable law. Moreover, 
Section 205 allows EPA to adopt an alternative other than the least 
costly, most cost-effective or least burdensome alternative if the 
Administrator publishes with the final rule an explanation why that 
alternative was not adopted. Before EPA establishes any regulatory 
requirements that may significantly or uniquely affect small 
governments, including tribal governments, it must have developed under 
Section 203 of the UMRA a small government agency plan. The plan must 
provide for notifying potentially affected small governments, enabling 
officials of affected small governments to have meaningful and timely 
input in the development of EPA regulatory proposals with significant 
Federal intergovernmental mandates, and informing, educating, and 
advising small governments on compliance with the regulatory 
requirements.

[[Page 36494]]

    Today's final rule contains no Federal mandates (under the 
regulatory provisions of Title II of the UMRA) for State, local, or 
tribal governments or the private sector. This final rule does not 
impose any enforceable duty on any State, local or tribal governments 
or the private sector. Thus, today's final rule is not subject to the 
requirements of sections 202 and 205 of UMRA.
E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
    Executive Order 13132, entitled ``Federalism'' (64 FR 43255, August 
10, 1999), requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure 
``meaningful and timely input by State and local officials in the 
development of regulatory policies that have federalism implications.'' 
Policies that have federalism implications' is defined in the Executive 
Order to include regulations that have ``substantial direct effects on 
the States, on the relationship between the national government and the 
States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the 
various levels of government.''
    This final rule does not have federalism implications. It will not 
have substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship 
between the national government and the States, or on the distribution 
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government, 
as specified in Executive Order 13132. As explained in Section V. of 
this preamble, none of today's proposed revisions are more stringent or 
broaden the scope of the existing Federal requirements. Therefore, 
States are not required to adopt the revision to the definition of 
MSWLF unit nor the additional definitions of construction and 
demolition (C&D) landfill and residential lead-based paint waste in 
today's rule. Thus, Executive Order 13132 does not apply to this final 
rule.
F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments
    Executive Order 13175, entitled ``Consultation and Coordination 
with Indian Tribal Governments'' (65 FR 67249, November 6, 2000), 
requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure ``meaningful 
and timely input by tribal officials in the development of regulatory 
policies that have tribal implications.'' This final rule does not have 
tribal implications as specified in Executive Order 13175. It will not 
have substantial direct effects on tribal governments, on the 
relationship between the Federal government and Indian tribes, or on 
the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal 
government and Indian tribes, as specified in Executive Order 13175. 
Today's final rule would expressly provide an additional option for 
disposal of certain waste applicable in Indian Country, but would not 
create any mandate on Indian tribal governments. Thus, Executive Order 
13175 does not apply to this rule.
G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Risks and Safety Risks
    Executive Order 13045, ``Protection of Children from Environmental 
Health Risks and Safety Risks'' applies to any rule that: (1) Is 
determined to be ``economically significant'' as defined under 
Executive Order 12866, and (2) concerns an environmental health or 
safety risk that EPA has reason to believe may have a disproportionate 
effect on children. If the regulatory action meets both criteria, the 
Agency must evaluate the environmental health or safety effects of the 
planned rule on children, and explain why the planned regulation is 
preferable to other potentially effective and reasonably feasible 
alternatives considered by the Agency.
    This final rule is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because it 
is not an economically significant rule as defined by Executive Order 
12866. However, this rule will affect decisions involving the 
environmental health or safety risks to children. In fact, it will 
benefit children by allowing environmentally protective disposal of 
residential lead-based paint waste in C&D landfills, which is less 
costly than disposal in MSWLFs in certain areas of the U.S., therefore 
reducing the cost of lead abatements. Reducing the cost of LBP 
abatements will also reduce the amount of time needed to complete 
abatements in public housing. Lower abatement costs may increase the 
amount of private homes undergoing abatements. By reducing costs 
associated with the disposal of LBP waste, the Agency believes that the 
number of abatements may marginally increase, thus resulting in a 
reduction of the number of children exposed to LBP.
H. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect Energy 
Supply, Distribution, or Use
    This proposed rule is not a ``significant energy action'' as 
defined in Executive Order 13211, ``Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use'' (66 FR 28355 
(May 22, 2001)) because it will not have a significant adverse effect 
on the supply, distribution, or use of energy.
I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995
    Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement 
Act of 1995 (NTTAA), Pub L. 104-113, Sec. 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272 note) 
directs us to use voluntary consensus standards in our regulatory 
activities unless to do so would be inconsistent with applicable law or 
otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards are technical 
standards (for example, materials specifications, test methods, 
sampling procedures, and business practices) that are developed or 
adopted by voluntary consensus standards bodies. The NTTAA directs EPA 
to provide Congress, through OMB, explanations when we decide not to 
use available and applicable voluntary consensus standards. Today's 
final rule does not involve technical standards, voluntary or 
otherwise. Therefore, the NTTAA does not apply to today's final rule.
J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Action To Address Justice in Minority 
Populations and Low-Income Populations
    Under Executive Order 12898, ``Federal Actions to Address 
Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income 
Populations,'' as well as through EPA's April 1995, ``Environmental 
Justice Strategy, OSWER Environmental Justice Task Force Action Agenda 
Report,'' and the National Environmental Justice Advisory Council, EPA 
has undertaken to incorporate environmental justice into its policies 
and programs. EPA is committed to addressing environmental justice 
concerns, and is assuming a leadership role in environmental justice 
initiatives to enhance environmental quality for all residents of the 
United States. The Agency's goals are to ensure that no segment of the 
population, regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, 
bears disproportionately high and adverse human health and 
environmental effects as a result of EPA's policies, programs, and 
activities.
    Today's final rule is not expected to negatively impact any 
community, and therefore is not expected to cause any 
disproportionately high and adverse impacts to minority or low-income 
communities versus non-minority or affluent communities. On the 
contrary, since the rule will reduce the cost of performing LBP 
abatements in certain regions of the U.S., EPA believes that the 
savings will afford public housing authorities, in particular, the 
opportunity to conduct additional abatements of LBP hazards in affected

[[Page 36495]]

housing units. Tenants of public housing units are possibly more likely 
to be minority and lower-income households, and the rule should have 
the effect of providing a differential benefit to such populations.
K. Congressional Review Act
    The Congressional review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the 
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally 
provides that, before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating 
the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule, 
to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the 
United States. EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other 
required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of 
Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior 
to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. A major rule cannot 
take effect until 60 days after it is published in the Federal 
Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C., 
804(2). This rule will be effective on June 18, 2003.

List of Subjects

40 CFR Part 257

    Environmental protection, Waste treatment and disposal.

40 CFR Part 258

    Environmental protection, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, 
Waste treatment and disposal, Water pollution control.

    Dated: June 12, 2003.
Christine Todd Whitman,
Administrator.

0
For reasons set out in the preamble, title 40, chapter I of the Code of 
Federal Regulations is amended as follows:

PART 257--[AMENDED]

0
1. The authority citation for part 257 is revised to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6907(a)(3), 6912(a)(1), 6944(a), and 
6949a(c); 33 U.S.C. 1345(d) and (e).


0
2. Section 257.2 is amended:
0
a. By adding in alphabetical order the definitions for ``Construction 
and demolition (C&D) landfill'' and ``Residential lead-based paint 
waste,'' and
0
b. By revising the definition of ``Municipal solid waste landfill 
(MSWLF) unit.''
    The revision and additions read as follows:


Sec.  257.2  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Construction and demolition (C&D) landfill means a solid waste 
disposal facility subject to the requirements of subparts A or B of 
this part that receives construction and demolition waste and does not 
receive hazardous waste (defined in Sec.  261.3 of this chapter) or 
industrial solid waste (defined in Sec.  258.2 of this chapter). Only a 
C&D landfill that meets the requirements of subpart B of this part may 
receive conditionally exempt small quantity generator waste (defined in 
Sec.  261.5 of this chapter). A C&D landfill typically receives any one 
or more of the following types of solid wastes: roadwork material, 
excavated material, demolition waste, construction/renovation waste, 
and site clearance waste.
* * * * *
    Municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) unit means a discrete area 
of land or an excavation that receives household waste, and that is not 
a land application unit, surface impoundment, injection well, or waste 
pile, as those terms are defined in this section. A MSWLF unit also may 
receive other types of RCRA Subtitle D wastes, such as commercial solid 
waste, nonhazardous sludge, and industrial solid waste. Such a landfill 
may be publicly or privately owned. A MSWLF unit may be a new MSWLF 
unit, an existing MSWLF unit or a lateral expansion. A construction and 
demolition landfill that receives residential lead-based paint waste 
and does not receive any other household waste is not a MSWLF unit.
* * * * *
    Residential lead-based paint waste means waste containing lead-
based paint, which is generated as a result of activities such as 
abatement, rehabilitation, renovation and remodeling in homes and other 
residences. The term residential lead-based paint waste includes, but 
is not limited to, lead-based paint debris, chips, dust, and sludges.
* * * * *

PART 258--[AMENDED]

0
1. The authority citation for part 258 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1345(d) and (e); 42 U.S.C. 6902(a), 6907, 
6912(a), 6944, 6945(c) and 6949a(c).


0
2. Section 258.2 is amended:
0
a. By adding in alphabetical order the definitions for ``Construction 
and demolition (C&D) landfill'' and ``Residential lead-based paint 
waste,'' and
0
b. By revising the definition of ``Municipal solid waste landfill 
(MSWLF) unit.''
    The revision and additions read as follows:


Sec.  258.2  Definitions.

* * * * *
    Construction and demolition (C&D) landfill means a solid waste 
disposal facility subject to the requirements in part 257, subparts A 
or B of this chapter that receives construction and demolition waste 
and does not receive hazardous waste (defined in Sec.  261.3 of this 
chapter) or industrial solid waste (defined in Sec.  258.2 of this 
chapter). Only a C&D landfill that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 
part 257, subpart B may receive conditionally exempt small quantity 
generator waste (defined in Sec.  261.5 of this chapter). A C&D 
landfill typically receives any one or more of the following types of 
solid wastes: roadwork material, excavated material, demolition waste, 
construction/renovation waste, and site clearance waste.
* * * * *
    Municipal solid waste landfill (MSWLF) unit means a discrete area 
of land or an excavation that receives household waste, and that is not 
a land application unit, surface impoundment, injection well, or waste 
pile, as those terms are defined under Sec.  257.2 of this chapter. A 
MSWLF unit also may receive other types of RCRA Subtitle D wastes, such 
as commercial solid waste, nonhazardous sludge, conditionally exempt 
small quantity generator waste and industrial solid waste. Such a 
landfill may be publicly or privately owned. A MSWLF unit may be a new 
MSWLF unit, an existing MSWLF unit or a lateral expansion. A 
construction and demolition landfill that receives residential lead-
based paint waste and does not receive any other household waste is not 
a MSWLF unit.
* * * * *
    Residential lead-based paint waste means waste containing lead-
based paint, which is generated as a result of activities such as 
abatement, rehabilitation, renovation and remodeling in homes and other 
residences. The term residential lead-based paint waste includes, but 
is not limited to, lead-based paint debris, chips, dust, and sludges.
* * * * *

[FR Doc. 03-15363 Filed 6-17-03; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P