[Federal Register Volume 68, Number 80 (Friday, April 25, 2003)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 20347-20348]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 03-9495]


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DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

42 CFR Part 411

[CMS-1809-F3]
RIN 0938-AM21


Medicare and Medicaid Programs; Physicians' Referrals to Health 
Care Entities With Which They Have Financial Relationships: Extension 
of Partial Delay of Effective Date

AGENCY: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), DHHS.

ACTION: Final rule; extension of partial delay in effective date.

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SUMMARY: This final rule further delays for 6 months, until January 7, 
2004, the effective date of the last sentence of 42 CFR 411.354(d)(1). 
This section was promulgated in the final rule entitled ``Medicare and 
Medicaid Programs; Physicians' Referrals to Health Care Entities With 
Which They Have Financial Relationships,'' published in the Federal 
Register on January 4, 2001. A 1-year delay of the effective date of 
the last sentence in this section was published in the Federal Register 
on December 3, 2001. An additional 6-month delay, until July 7, 2003, 
was published on November 22, 2002. This further extension of the delay 
in the effective date of that sentence will give us additional time to 
reconsider the definition of compensation that is ``set in advance'' as 
it relates to percentage compensation methodologies in order to avoid 
unnecessarily disrupting existing contractual arrangements for 
physician services. Accordingly, the last sentence of Sec.  
411.354(d)(1), which would have become effective July 7, 2003, will not 
become effective until January 7, 2004. We expect that the definition 
of ``set in advance'' will be addressed definitively before January 7, 
2004 in a final rule with comment period, entitled ``Medicare Program; 
Physicians' Referrals to Health Care Entities With Which They Have 
Financial Relationships'' (Phase II).

DATES: Effective date: The effective date of the last sentence in Sec.  
411.354(d)(1) of the final rule published in the Federal Register on 
January 4, 2001 (66 FR 856), is delayed to January 7, 2004.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Karen Raschke, (410) 786-0016.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This Federal Register document is available 
from the Federal Register online database through GPO Access, a service

[[Page 20348]]

of the U.S. Government Printing Office. The Web site address is: http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/index.html.
    In addition, the information in this final rule will be available 
soon after publication in the Federal Register on our MEDLEARN Web 
site: http://cms.hhs.gov/medlearn/refphys.asp.

I. Background

    The final rule, entitled ``Medicare and Medicaid Programs; 
Physicians' Referrals to Health Care Entities With Which They Have 
Financial Relationships,'' published in the Federal Register on January 
4, 2001 (66 FR 856), interpreted certain provisions of section 1877 of 
the Social Security Act (the Act). Under section 1877, if a physician 
or a member of a physician's immediate family has a financial 
relationship with a health care entity, the physician may not make 
referrals to that entity for the furnishing of designated health 
services (DHS) under the Medicare program, and the entity may not bill 
for the services, unless an exception applies. Many of the statutory 
and new regulatory exceptions that apply to compensation relationships 
require that the amount of compensation be ``set in advance.'' Section 
411.354(d)(1) of the final rule defines the term ``set in advance.''
    The last sentence of Sec.  411.354(d)(1) reads: ``Percentage 
compensation arrangements do not constitute compensation that is `set 
in advance' in which the percentage compensation is based on 
fluctuating or indeterminate measures or in which the arrangement 
results in the seller receiving different payment amounts for the same 
service from the same purchaser.'' Many of the comments we received 
regarding the January 4, 2001 physician self-referral final rule 
indicated that physicians are commonly paid for their professional 
services using a formula that takes into account a percentage of a 
fluctuating or indeterminate measure (for example, revenues billed or 
collected for physician services). According to the commenters, this 
compensation methodology is frequently used by hospitals, physician 
group practices, academic medical centers, and medical foundations. 
Several commenters pointed out that this aspect of the final rule, 
which is applicable to academic medical centers and medical foundations 
(among others), is inconsistent with the compensation methods permitted 
under the statute for many physician group practices and employed 
physicians (that is, neither section 1877(h)(4)(B)(i) of the Act nor 
section 1877(e)(2) of the Act contains the ``set in advance'' 
requirement). We understand that hospitals, academic medical centers, 
medical foundations and other health care entities would have to 
restructure or renegotiate thousands of physician contracts to comply 
with the language in Sec.  411.354(d)(1) regarding percentage 
compensation arrangements.
    Accordingly, we published a 1-year delay of the effective date of 
the last sentence in Sec.  411.354(d)(1) in the Federal Register on 
December 3, 2001 (66 FR 60154), and an additional 6-month delay in the 
effective date on November 22, 2002 (67 FR 70322,) in order to 
reconsider the definition of compensation that is ``set in advance'' as 
it relates to percentage compensation methodologies.

II. Provisions of this Final Rule

    To avoid any unnecessary disruption to existing contractual 
arrangements while we consider modifying this provision, we are further 
postponing, for an additional 6 months, until January 7, 2004, the 
effective date of the last sentence of Sec.  411.354(d)(1). This delay 
is intended to avoid disruptions in the health care industry, and 
potential attendant problems for Medicare beneficiaries, which could be 
caused by allowing the last sentence of Sec.  411.354(d)(1) to become 
effective on July 7, 2003. In the meantime, compensation that is 
required to be ``set in advance'' for purposes of compliance with 
section 1877 of the Act may continue to be based on percentage 
compensation methodologies, including those in which the compensation 
is based on a percentage of a fluctuating or indeterminate measure. We 
note that the remaining provisions of Sec.  411.354(d)(1) will still 
apply and that all other requirements for exceptions must be satisfied 
(including, for example, the fair market value and ``volume and value'' 
requirements.)

III. Waiver of Proposed Rulemaking

    We ordinarily publish a notice of proposed rulemaking and invite 
public comment on the proposed rule. This procedure can be waived, 
however, if an agency finds good cause that the notice and comment 
rulemaking procedure is impracticable, unnecessary, or contrary to the 
public interest and if the agency incorporates in the rule a statement 
of such a finding and the reasons supporting that finding.
    Our implementation of this action without opportunity for public 
comment is based on the good cause exception in 5 U.S.C. 553(b). We 
find that seeking public comment on this action would be impracticable 
and unnecessary. We believe public comment is unnecessary because we 
are implementing this additional delay of effective date as a result of 
our review of the public comments that we received on the January 4, 
2001 physician self-referral final rule. As discussed above, we 
understand from those comments and the comments we received on the 
December 3, 2001 interim final rule that, unless we further delay the 
effective date of the last sentence of Sec.  411.354(d)(1), hospitals, 
academic medical centers, and other entities will have to renegotiate 
numerous contracts for physician services, potentially causing 
significant disruption within the health care industry. We are 
concerned that the disruption could unnecessarily inconvenience 
Medicare beneficiaries or interfere with their medical care and 
treatment. We do not believe that it is necessary to offer yet another 
opportunity for public comment on the same issue in the limited context 
of whether to delay this sentence of the regulation. In addition, given 
the imminence of the July 7, 2003 effective date, we find that seeking 
public comment on this delay in effective date would be impracticable 
because it would generate uncertainty regarding an imminent effective 
date. This uncertainty could cause health care providers to renegotiate 
thousands of contracts with physicians in an effort to comply with the 
regulation by July 7, 2003 if the proposed delay is not finalized until 
after the opportunity for public comment. Thus, providing the 
opportunity for public comment could result in the very disruption that 
this delay of effective date is intended to avoid.

    (Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Program No. 93.773 
Medicare--Hospital Insurance Program; Program No. 93.774, Medicare--
Supplementary Medical Insurance Program; and Program No. 93.778, 
Medical Assistance Program)


    Dated: March 31, 2003.
Thomas A. Scully,
Administrator, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

    Approved: April 10, 2003.
Tommy G. Thompson,
Secretary.
[FR Doc. 03-9495 Filed 4-24-03; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4120-01-P