[Federal Register Volume 68, Number 68 (Wednesday, April 9, 2003)]
[Notices]
[Pages 17351-17354]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 03-8686]



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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

[I.D. 031203A]


Small Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; 
Harbor Activities at Vandenberg Air Force Base, CA

AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce.

ACTION: Notice of receipt of application and proposed authorization for 
incidental harassment of marine mammals; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: NMFS has received a request from The Boeing Company (Boeing) 
for an authorization to take small numbers of marine mammals by 
harassment incidental to harbor activities related to the Delta IV/
Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) at south Vandenberg Air Force 
Base, CA (VAFB). Under the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), NMFS is 
requesting comments on its proposal to authorize Boeing to take, by 
harassment, small numbers of several species of pinnipeds at south VAFB 
beginning in May 2003.

DATES: Comments and information must be received no later than May 9, 
2003.

ADDRESSES: Comments on the application should be addressed to Chief, 
Marine Mammal Conservation Division, Office of Protected Resources, 
NMFS, 1315 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910-3225. Comments 
will not be accepted if submitted via e-mail or the Internet. A copy of 
the application (which includes the list of references used in this 
document) may be obtained by writing to this address or by telephoning 
one of the contacts listed here.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kimberly Skrupky, (301) 713-2322, ext. 
163 or Christina Fahy, (562) 980-4023.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    Sections 101(a)(5)(A) and (D) of the MMPA (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.) 
direct the Secretary of Commerce to allow, upon request, the 
incidental, but not intentional taking of small numbers of marine 
mammals by U.S. citizens who engage in a specified activity (other than 
commercial fishing) within a specified geographical region if certain 
findings are made and either regulations are issued or, if the taking 
is limited to harassment, notice of a proposed authorization is 
provided to the public for review.
    Permission for incidental takings may be granted if NMFS finds that 
the taking will have no more than a negligible impact on the species or 
stock(s) and will not have an unmitigable adverse impact on the 
availability of the species or stock(s) for subsistence uses and that 
the permissible methods of taking and requirements pertaining to the 
monitoring and reporting of such taking are set forth.
    NMFS has defined ``negligible impact'' in 50 CFR 216.103 as:
    an impact resulting from the specified activity that cannot be 
reasonably expected to, and is not reasonably likely to, adversely 
affect the species or stock through effects on annual rates of 
recruitment or survival.
    Subsection 101(a)(5)(D) of the MMPA established an expedited 
process by which citizens of the United States can apply for an 
authorization to incidentally take small numbers of marine mammals 
by harassment. The MMPA defines ``harassment'' as:
    any act of pursuit, torment, or annoyance which(i) has the 
potential to injure a marine mammal or marine mammal stock in the 
wild [``Level A harassment'']; or (ii) has the potential to disturb 
a marine mammal or marine mammal stock in the wild by causing 
disruption of behavioral patterns, including, but not limited to, 
migration, breathing, nursing, breeding, feeding, or sheltering 
[``Level B harassment''].
    Subsection 101(a)(5)(D) establishes a 45-day time limit for NMFS 
review of an application followed by a 30-day public notice and comment 
period on any proposed authorizations for the incidental harassment of 
small numbers of marine mammals. Within 45 days of the close of the 
comment period, NMFS must either issue or deny issuance of the 
authorization.

Summary of Request

    On January 28, 2003, NMFS received an application from Boeing 
requesting an authorization for the harassment of small numbers of 
Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardsi) and California sea 
lions (Zalophus californianus) incidental to harbor activities related 
to the Delta IV/EELV, including: transport vessel operations, cargo 
movement activities, harbor maintenance dredging, and kelp habitat 
mitigation operations. In addition, northern fur seals (Callorhinus 
ursinus) and northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) may also 
be incidentally harassed but in smaller numbers. An Incidental 
Harassment Authorization (IHA) was issued to Boeing on May 20, 2002 and 
remains in effect until May 20, 2003 (see FR 36151, May 23, 2002). The 
harbor where activities will take place is on south VAFB approximately 
2.5 mi (4.02 km) south of Point Arguello, CA, and approximately 1 mi 
(1.61 km) north of the nearest marine mammal pupping site (i.e., Rocky 
Point).

Specified Activities

    Delta Mariner off-loading operations and associated cargo movements 
will occur a maximum of 3 times per year, beginning December, 2003. The 
Delta Mariner is a 95.1-m (312-ft) long, 25.6-m (84-ft) wide steel hull 
ocean-going vessel capable of operating at a 2.4-m (8-ft) draft. For 
the first few visits to the south VAFB harbor, tug boats will accompany 
the Delta Mariner. Sources of noise from the Delta Mariner include 
ventilating propellers used for maneuvering into position and the cargo 
bay door when it becomes disengaged. Removal of the CBC from the Delta 
Mariner requires use of an elevating platform transporter. An 
additional source of noise with sound levels measured at a maximum of 
82 dB A-weighted (re 20 microPascals at 1-m) 6.1 m (20 ft) from the 
engine exhaust (Acentech, 1998). Procedures require 2 short 
(approximately 1/3 second) beeps of the horn prior to starting the 
ignition. At 60.9 m (200 ft) away, the sound level of the EPT horn 
ranged from 62-70 dB A-weighted. Containers containing flight hardware 
items will be towed off the Delta Mariner by a tractor tug that 
generates a sound level of approximately 87 dB A-weighted at 15.2 m (50 
ft) while in operational mode. Total time of Delta Mariner docking and 
cargo movement activities is estimated at between 14 and 18 hours in 
good weather.
    To accommodate the Delta Mariner, the harbor will need to be 
dredged, removing approximately 3,000 to 5,000 cubic yards of sediment 
per dredging. Dredging will involve the use of heavy equipment, 
including a clamshell dredge, dredging crane, a small tug, dredging 
barge, dump trucks, and a skip loader. Measured sound levels from this 
equipment are roughly equivalent to those estimated for the wharf 
modification equipment: 61-81 dB A-weighted at 76.2 m (250 ft). Dredge 
operations, from set-up to tear-down, would continue 24-hours a day for 
3-5 weeks. Sedimentation surveys have shown that initial dredging 
indicates that maintenance dredging should be required annually or 
twice per year, depending on the hardware delivery schedule.
    A more detailed description of the work proposed for 2003 is 
contained in the application which is available upon request (see 
ADDRESSES) and in the Final US Air Force Environmental Assessment for 
Harbor Activities Associated with the Delta IV Program at

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Vandenberg Air Force Base (ENSR International, 2001).

Habitat and Marine Mammals Affected by the Activity

    The marine mammal species likely to be harassed incidental to 
harbor activities at south VAFB are the Pacific harbor seal and the 
California sea lion. The most recent estimate of the Pacific harbor 
seal population in California is 30,293 seals (Forney et al., 2000). 
From 1979 to 1995, the California population increased at an estimated 
annual rate of 5.6 percent. The total population of harbor seals on 
VAFB is now estimated to be 1,040 (775 on south VAFB) based on sighting 
surveys and telemetry data (SRS Technologies, 2001).
    The daily haul-out behavior of harbor seals along the south VAFB 
coastline is dependent on time of day rather than tide height. The 
highest number of seals haul-out at south VAFB between 1100 through 
1700 hours. In addition, haul-out behavior at all sites seems to be 
influenced by environmental factors such as high swell, tide height, 
and wind. The combination of all three may prevent seals from hauling 
out at most sites. The number of seals hauled out at any site can vary 
greatly from day to day based on environmental conditions. Harbor seals 
occasionally haul out at a beach 76.2 m (250 ft) west of the south VAFB 
harbor and on rocks outside the harbor breakwater where Boeing will be 
conducting Delta Mariner operations, cargo loading, dredging 
activities, and reef enhancement activities. The maximum number of 
seals present during past dredging of the harbor was 43, with an 
average of 21 seals sighted per day. The harbor seal pupping site 
closest to south VAFB harbor is at Rocky Point, approximately 1.6 km (1 
mi) north.
    Several factors affect the seasonal haul-out behavior of harbor 
seals including environmental conditions, reproduction, and molting. 
Harbor seal numbers at VAFB begin to increase in March during the 
pupping season (March to June) as females spend more time on shore 
nursing pups. The number of hauled-out seals is at its highest during 
the molt which occurs from May through July. During the molting season, 
tagged harbor seals at VAFB increased their time spent on shore by 22.4 
percent; however, all seals continued to make daily trips to sea to 
forage. Molting harbor seals entering the water because of a 
disturbance are not adversely affected in their ability to molt and do 
not endure thermoregulatory stress. During pupping and molting season, 
harbor seals at the south VAFB sites expand into haul-out areas that 
are not used the rest of the year. The number of seals hauled out 
begins to decrease in August after the molt is complete and reaches the 
lowest number in late fall and early winter.
    During the wharf modification activity in June-July 2002, 
California sea lions were observed hauling out in small numbers. 
Although this is considered to be an unusual occurrence and is possibly 
related to fish schooling in the area, Boeing included sea lions in 
their request.
    California sea lions range from British Columbia to Mexico. The 
minimum U.S. population estimate for California sea lions is 109,854 
individuals. Since 1983, the population has grown at a rate of 5.0-6.2 
percent annually. A 1985-1987 population survey indicated that most 
individuals on the Northern Channel Islands were on San Miguel Island, 
with the population ranging from 2,235 to over 17,000. The largest 
numbers of California sea lions in the VAFB vicinity occur at Lion 
Rock, 0.4 mi (0.64 km) southeast of Point Sal. This area is 
approximately 1.5 mi (2.41 km) north of the VAFB boundary. At least 100 
sea lions can be observed during any season at this site. The Point 
Arguello beaches and the rocky ledges of South Rocky Point on south 
VAFB are haulout areas that may be used by California sea lions. The 
maximum number of sea lions seen hauling out during the recent wharf 
modification was six, daily counts ranging from 1 to 6 animals.
    During the breeding season, most of California sea lions inhabit 
southern California and Mexico. Rookery sites in southern California 
are limited to San Miguel Island and to the southerly Channel Islands 
of San Nicolas, Santa Barbara, and San Clemente. Breeding season begins 
in mid-May, occurring within 10 days of arrival at the rookeries. 
Molting occurs gradually over several months in the late summer and 
fall. Because the molt is not catastrophic, the sea lions can enter the 
water to feed.
    Male California sea lions migrate annually. In the spring they 
migrate southward to breeding rookeries in the Channel Islands and 
Mexico, then migrate northward in the late summer following breeding 
season. Females appear to remain near the breeding rookeries. The 
greatest population on land occurs in September and October during the 
post-breeding dispersal and although many of the sea lions, 
particularly juveniles and sub-adult and adult males, may move north 
away from the Channel Islands.
    Small groups of sea lions have been observed heading south along 
the VAFB coastline each year in April and May. In August, large groups 
of 25 to over 300 sea lions can be seen migrating north. Hauled out 
juvenile sea lions, as well as harbor seals, can be observed along the 
South Base sites in July, August, and September. Starving and exhausted 
subadult sea lions are also fairly common on the central California 
beaches during July and August.
    Other marine mammal species are known to occur infrequently along 
the south VAFB coast during certain times of the year and are unlikely 
to be harassed by Boeing's activities. These four species are: the 
northern elephant seal, the northern fur seal, Guadalupe fur seal 
(Arctocephalus townsendi), and Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus). 
Northern elephant seals may occur on VAFB but do not haul out in the 
harbor area. Northern fur seals, Guadalupe fur seals, and Steller sea 
lions occur along the California coast and Northern Channel Islands but 
are not likely to be found on VAFB. Descriptions of the biology and 
local distribution of these species can be found in the application as 
well as other sources such as Stewart and Yochem (1994, 1984), Forney 
et al. (2000), Koski et al. (1998), Barlow et al. (1993), Stewart and 
DeLong (1995), and Lowry et al. (1992). NMFS Stock Assessments can be 
viewed at: http://www.NMFS.noaa.gov/pr/PR2/
    Stock--Assessment--Program/sars.html. Please refer to those 
documents for information on these species.

Potential Effects of Activities on Marine Mammals

    Acoustic and visual stimuli generated by the use of heavy equipment 
during the Delta Mariner and off-loading operations, dredging, and kelp 
habitat mitigation, as well as the increased presence of personnel, may 
cause short-term disturbance to harbor seals and California sea lions 
hauled out along the beach and rocks in the vicinity of the south VAFB 
harbor. This disturbance from acoustic and visual stimuli is the 
principal means of marine mammal taking associated with these 
activities. Based on the measured sounds of construction equipment, 
such as might be used during Boeing's activities, sound levels from all 
equipment drop to a maximum level of 95 dB A-weighted within 50 ft 
(15.2 m) of the sources. In contrast, the ambient background noise 
measured approximately 76.2 m (250 ft) from the beach was estimated to 
be 35-48 dB A-weighted (Acentech, 1998; EPA, 1971).
    Pinnipeds sometimes show startle reactions when exposed to sudden 
brief sounds. An acoustic stimulus with sudden onset (such as a sonic 
boom)

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may be analogous to a ``looming'' visual stimulus (Hayes and Saif, 
1967), which may elicit flight away from the source (Berrens et al., 
1988). The onset of operations by a loud sound source, such as the 
elevating platform transporter during CBC off-loading procedures, may 
elicit such a reaction. In addition, the movements of cranes and 
dredges may represent a ``looming'' visual stimulus to seals hauled out 
in close proximity. Seals and sea lions exposed to such acoustic and 
visual stimuli may either exhibit a startle response and/or leave the 
haul-out site.
    According to the MMPA, if harbor activities disrupt the behavioral 
patterns of harbor seals, these activities would take marine mammals by 
Level B harassment. In general, if the received level of the noise 
stimulus exceeds both the background (ambient) noise level and the 
auditory threshold of the animals, and especially if the stimulus is 
novel to them, there may be a behavioral response. The probability and 
degree of response will also depend on the season, the group 
composition of the pinnipeds, and the type of activity in which they 
are engaged. Minor and brief responses, such as short-duration startle 
or alert reactions, are not likely to result in disruption of 
behavioral patterns, such as migration, nursing, breeding, feeding, or 
sheltering (i.e., Level B harassment) and would not cause serious 
injury or mortality to marine mammals.
    On the other hand, startle and alert reactions accompanied by 
large-scale movements, such as stampedes into the water, could resul in 
injury of individuals and would be considered a take by harassment. In 
addition, such large-scale movements by dense aggregations of marine 
mammals or on pupping sites could potentially lead to takes by serious 
injury or death. However, there is no potential for large-scale 
movements leading to serious injury or mortality near the south VAFB 
harbor, because on average the number of harbor seals hauled out near 
the site on average is less than 30 and there is no pupping at nearby 
sites. The effects of the harbor activities are expected to be limited 
to short-term startle responses and localized behavioral changes.
    For a further discussion of the anticipated effects of the planned 
activities on harbor seals in the area, please refer to the application 
and ENSR International's 2001 Final Environmental Assessment. 
Information in the application and referenced sources is preliminarily 
adopted by NMFS as the best information available on this subject.

Numbers of Marine Mammals Expected to Be Harassed

    Boeing estimates that a maximum of 43 harbor seals per day may be 
hauled out near the south VAFB harbor, with a daily average of 21 seals 
sighted when tidal conditions were favorable during previous dredging 
operations in the harbor. Considering the maximum and average number of 
seals hauled out per day, assuming that the seals may be seen more than 
once, and using a maximum total of 83 operating days in 2003-2004, NMFS 
estimates that 145 to 623 Pacific harbor seals may be subject to Level 
B harassment, as defined in 50 CFR 216.3.
    During wharf modification activities, a maximum of six California 
sea lions were seen hauling out in a single day, averaging between one 
and six sea lions each day. Based on its own calculations, NMFS 
believes that a total of 100 California sea lions, 10 northern elephant 
seals, and 5 northern fur seals may be subject to Level B harassment, 
as defined in 50 CFR 216.3, because they may be in nearby waters.

Possible Effects of Activities on Marine Mammal Habitat

    Boeing anticipates no loss or modification to the habitat used by 
Pacific harbor seals or California sea lions that haul out near the 
south VAFB harbor. The harbor seal and sea lion haul-out sites near 
south VAFB harbor are not used as breeding, molting, or mating sites; 
therefore, it is not expected that the activities in the harbor will 
have any impact on the ability of Pacific harbor seals or California 
sea lions in the area to reproduce.
    Boeing does anticipate unavoidable kelp removal during dredging. 
This habitat modification will not affect the marine mammal habitat. 
However, Boeing will mitigate for the removal of kelp habitat by 
placing 150 tons of rocky substrate in a sandy area between the 
breakwater and the mooring dolphins to enhance an existing artificial 
reef. This type of mitigation was implemented by the Army Corps of 
Engineers following the 1984 and 1989 dredging. A lush kelp bed 
adjacent to the sandy area has developed from the efforts. The 
substrate will consist of approximately 150 sharp-faced boulders, each 
with a diameter of about 2 ft (0.61 m) and each weighing about one ton. 
The boulders will be brought in by truck from an off-site quarry and 
loaded by crane onto a small barge at the wharf. The barge is towed by 
a tugboat to a location along the mooring dolphins from which a small 
barge-mounted crane can place them into the sandy area. Boeing plans to 
perform the reef enhancement in conjunction with the next maintenance 
dredging event in order to minimize cost and disturbances to animals. 
Noise will be generated by the trucks delivering the boulders to the 
harbor and during the operation of unloading the boulders onto the 
barges and into the water.

Possible Effects of Activities on Subsistence Needs

    There are no subsistence uses for Pacific harbor seals in 
California waters, and, thus, there are no anticipated effects on 
subsistence needs.

Mitigation

    To reduce the potential for disturbance from visual and acoustic 
stimuli associated with the activities Boeing will undertake the 
following marine mammal mitigating measures:
    (1) If activities occur during nighttime hours, lighting will be 
turned on before dusk and left on the entire night to avoid startling 
harbor seals at night.
    (2) Activities should be initiated before dusk.
    (3) Construction noises must be kept constant (i.e., not 
interrupted by periods of quiet in excess of 30 minutes) while harbor 
seals are present.
    (4) If activities cease for longer than 30 minutes and harbor seals 
are in the area, start-up of activities will include a gradual increase 
in noise levels.
    (5) A qualified marine mammal observer will visually monitor the 
harbor seals on the beach adjacent to the harbor and on rocks for any 
flushing or other behaviors as a result of Boeing's activities. If 
flushing results, then the activities suspected of causing the seals to 
enter the water will be delayed until the seals leave the area.
    (6) The Delta Mariner and accompanying vessels will enter the 
harbor only when the tide is too high for harbor seals to haul-out on 
the rocks and the vessel will reduce speed 1.5 to 2 knots once the 
vessel is within 3 mi (4.83 km) of the harbor. The vessel will enter 
the harbor stern first, approaching the wharf and dolphins at less than 
0.75 knot.
    (7) As alternate dredge methods are explored, the dredge contractor 
may introduce quieter techniques and equipment.

Monitoring

    As part of its 2002 application, Boeing provided a proposed 
monitoring plan for assessing impacts to harbor seals from the 
activities at south VAFB harbor and for determining when mitigation 
measures should be employed.

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    A NMFS-approved and VAFB-designated biologically trained observer 
will monitor the area for pinnipeds during all harbor activities. 
During nighttime activities, the harbor area will be illuminated, and 
the monitor will use a night vision scope. Monitoring activities will 
consist of:
    (1) Conducting baseline observation of pinnipeds in the project 
area prior to initiating project activities.
    (2) Conducting and recording observations on pinnipeds in the 
vicinity of the harbor for the duration of the activity occurring when 
tides are low enough for pinnipeds to haul out (2 ft, 0.61 m, or less).
    (3) Conducting post-construction observations of pinniped haul-outs 
in the project area to determine whether animals disturbed by the 
project activities return to the haul-out.

Reporting

    Boeing will notify NMFS 2 weeks prior to initiation of each 
activity. After each activity is completed, Boeing will provide a 
report to NMFS within 90 days. This report will provide dates and 
locations of specific activities, details of seal behavioral 
observations, and estimates of the amount and nature of all takes of 
seals by harassment or in other ways. In addition, the report will 
include information on the weather, the tidal state, the horizontal 
visibility, and the composition (species, gender, and age class) and 
locations of haul-out group(s). In the unanticipated event that any 
cases of pinniped injury or mortality are judged to result from these 
activities, this will be reported to NMFS immediately.

Consultation

    Under section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, NMFS has begun 
consultation on the proposed issuance of an IHA. Consultation will be 
concluded prior to the issuance of an IHA.
    Although sea otters are not within the jurisdiction of NMFS, VAFB 
formally consulted with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) in 1998 on 
the possible take of southern sea otters during Boeing's harbor 
activities at south VAFB. A Biological Opinion was issued in August 
2001. Southern sea otters were discussed in these documents and FWS 
recognized that Boeing will restore sea otter habitat (i.e., kelp beds) 
in the vicinity of the harbor to replace kelp destroyed during 
dredging. In addition, the FWS noting that VAFB has committed to a 
southern sea otter monitoring program designed to detect the presence 
and possible disturbance at the VAFB harbor area during dredging 
activities.

NEPA

    In accordance with section 6.01 of the National Oceanic and 
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Administrative Order 216-6 
(Environmental Review Procedures for Implementing the National 
Environmental Policy Act, May 20, 1999), NMFS has determined based on 
the content and analysis of Boeing's request for an IHA, and the Final 
EA for Harbor Activities Associated with the Delta IV Program at VAFB 
(ENSRI, 2001) that the proposed issuance of this IHA to Boeing by NMFS 
will not individually or cumulatively result in a significant impact on 
the quality of the human environment as defined in 40 CFR 1508.27. 
Impacts are not expected to be outside the scope of that EA. Therefore, 
this action meets the definition of a ``Categorical Exclusion'' as 
defined under NOAA Administrative Order 216-6 and is exempted from 
further environmental review.

Preliminary Conclusions

    NMFS proposes to issue an IHA to Boeing for harbor activities 
related to the Delta IV/EELV to take place at south VAFB over a 1-year 
period. The proposal to issue this IHA is contingent upon adherence 
upon the previously mentioned mitigation, monitoring, and reporting 
requirements. NMFS has preliminarily determined that the impact of 
harbor activities related to the Delta IV/EELV at VAFB, including: 
transport vessel operations, cargo movement activities, harbor 
maintenance dredging, and kelp habitat mitigation will result in the 
harassment of only small numbers of Pacific harbor seals and California 
sea lions; would have no more negligible impact on these marine mammal 
stocks,; and would not have an unmitigable adverse impact on the 
availability of marine mammal stocks for subsistence uses. While 
behavioral modifications may be made by these species to avoid the 
resultant acoustic and visual stimuli, there is no potential for large-
scale movements, such as stampedes, since harbor seals and sea lions 
haul out in such small numbers near the site (maximum number of harbor 
seals hauled out in one day estimated at 43 seals, averaging at 21 
seals per day, maximum number of sea lions hauled out in one day is 
estimated at six sea lions). The effects of the harbor activities are 
expected to be limited to short-term and localized behavioral changes. 
Therefore, NMFS preliminarily concludes that the effects of the planned 
demolition activities will have no more than a negligible impact on 
pinnipeds.
    Due to the localized nature of these activities, the number of 
marine mammals potentially taken by harassment are estimated to be 
small. In addition, no take by injury and/or death is anticipated, and 
the potential for temporary or permanent hearing impairment is unlikely 
given the low noise levels and will be entirely avoided through the 
incorporation of appropriate mitigation measures. No rookeries, mating 
grounds, areas of concentrated feeding, or other areas of special 
significance for marine mammals occur within or near south VAFB harbor.

Information Solicited

    NMFS requests interested persons to submit comments and information 
concerning this request (see ADDRESSES). Prior to submitting comments, 
NMFS recommends readers review NMFS' responses to those comments on 
this activity submitted previously (see 67 FR 63151, May 23, 2002).

    Dated: April 2, 2003.
Thomas C. Eagle,
Acting Director, Office of Protected Resources,National Marine 
Fisheries Service.
[FR Doc. 03-8686 Filed 4-8-03; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-22-S