[Federal Register Volume 67, Number 108 (Wednesday, June 5, 2002)]
[Notices]
[Pages 38820-38840]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 02-14003]



[[Page 38819]]

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Part V





Department of Justice





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Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention



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Final Program Plan for Fiscal Year 2002; Notice

  Federal Register / Vol. 67 , No. 108 / Wednesday, June 5, 2002 / 
Notices  

[[Page 38820]]


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DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

[OJP (OJJDP)-1337F]


Final Program Plan for Fiscal Year 2002

AGENCY: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Office 
of Justice Programs, Justice.

ACTION: Notice of Final Program Plan for fiscal year 2002.

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SUMMARY: The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention is 
publishing this notice of its Final Program Plan for fiscal year (FY) 
2002.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: The Office of Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention at 202-307-5911. [This is not a toll-free 
number.]

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Office of Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) is a component of the Office of Justice 
Programs in the U.S. Department of Justice. Pursuant to the provisions 
of Section 204 (b)(5)(A) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq. (JJDP Act), 
the Acting Administrator of OJJDP published for public comment a 
Proposed Plan describing the program activities that OJJDP proposed to 
carry out during fiscal year (FY) 2002 under Parts C and D of Title II 
of the JJDP Act, codified at 42 U.S.C. 5651-5665a, 5667, 5667a. The 
public was invited to comment on OJJDP's Proposed Program Plan for 
fiscal year 2002, which was published in the Federal Register on 
October 23, 2001 (66 FR 53692-710). The deadline for submitting 
comments on the Proposed Plan was December 7, 2001.
    During that time period, however, mail delivery to OJJDP was 
temporarily halted as a result of the extraordinary circumstances 
arising from the September 11 terrorist acts and subsequent anthrax 
attacks involving the U.S. mail.
    All incoming U.S. Department of Justice mail was quarantined until 
the threat could be analyzed and screening and safety precautions could 
be instituted. Consequently, in order to properly review, consider, and 
respond to any comments submitted by the public on its Proposed Plan, 
OJJDP temporarily delayed publication of the FY 2002 Final Program 
Plan. OJJDP has only recently begun to receive its backlogged mail. 
However, in order to move ahead with publication of the Final Program 
Plan, OJJDP determined to publicly respond to those comments received 
by March 1, 2002.
    The Acting Administrator analyzed the public comments received, and 
the comments and OJJDP's responses are provided later in this document. 
The Acting Administrator took these comments into consideration in 
developing this Final Plan, which describes the particular program 
activities that OJJDP intends to fund during FY 2002, using in whole or 
in part funds appropriated under Parts C and D of Title II of the JJDP 
Act.
    Notice of the official solicitation of grant or cooperative 
agreement applications for competitive programs to be funded under the 
Final Plan will be published at a later date in the Federal Register. 
No proposals, concept papers, or other forms of application should be 
submitted at this time.

Background

    In 1974, the JJDP Act established OJJDP as the Federal agency 
responsible for providing national leadership, coordination, and 
resources to develop and implement effective methods to prevent and 
reduce juvenile delinquency and improve the quality of juvenile justice 
in the United States. OJJDP performs its role of national leadership in 
juvenile justice and delinquency prevention through a cycle of 
activities. These include the following:
     Collecting data and statistics to determine the extent and 
nature of issues affecting juveniles.
     Supporting research studies that can lead to program 
demonstrations; testing and evaluating demonstration projects; and 
sharing lessons learned from the field with practitioners through a 
range of information dissemination vehicles.
     Providing seed money to States and local governments 
through formula and block grants to implement programs, projects, or 
reform efforts.
     Providing training and technical assistance to assist 
States and local governments to implement programs effectively and to 
maintain the integrity of model programs as they are being replicated.
    OJJDP administers State Formula Grants under Part B of Title II, 
State Challenge Grants under Part E of Title II, and Community 
Prevention Grants under Title V of the JJDP Act to assist States and 
territories to fund a range of delinquency prevention, control, and 
juvenile justice system improvement activities. OJJDP provides support 
activities for these programs under statutory set-asides that are used 
to provide related research, evaluation, statistics, demonstration, and 
training and technical assistance services.
    Under Part C of Title II of the JJDP Act, OJJDP funds Special 
Emphasis programs and--through its National Institute for Juvenile 
Justice and Delinquency Prevention--numerous research, evaluation, 
statistics, demonstration, training and technical assistance, and 
information dissemination activities. OJJDP funds school- and 
community-based gang prevention, intervention, and suppression programs 
under Part D and funds mentoring programs under Part G of Title II of 
the JJDP Act. OJJDP also coordinates Federal activities related to 
juvenile justice and delinquency prevention through the Concentration 
of Federal Efforts Program and serves as the staff agency for the 
Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. 
Both of these activities are authorized in Part A of Title II of the 
JJDP Act. Under Title IV, OJJDP administers the Missing and Exploited 
Children's Program.
    Other programs administered by OJJDP include the following:
     Drug Prevention Program.
     Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws Program.
     Safe Schools Initiative.
     Tribal Youth Program.
     Safe Start: Children Exposed to Violence Initiative.
     Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grants program.
     Programs under the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990, as 
amended, 42 U.S.C. 13001 et seq.
    In this Final Plan, OJJDP describes its priorities for funding 
activities authorized under Part C (National Programs) and Part D 
(Gang-Free Schools and Communities; Community-Based Gang Intervention) 
of Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJDP) 
Act. The only projects described in this Final Program Plan are those 
that are eligible to receive Part C or Part D FY 2002 continuation 
funding under project period or discretionary continuation assistance 
awards.

Fiscal Year 2002 Program Planning Activities

    The OJJDP program planning process for FY 2002 was coordinated with 
the Assistant Attorney General, Office of Justice Programs, and all OJP 
components. The program planning process involved the following steps:
     Internal review of existing programs by OJJDP staff.
     Internal review of proposed programs by OJP bureaus and 
Department of Justice components.

[[Page 38821]]

     Review of information and data from OJJDP grantees and 
contractors.
     Review of information contained in State comprehensive 
plans.
     Review of comments from youth service providers, juvenile 
justice practitioners, and researchers who provide input in proposed 
new program areas.
     Consideration of suggestions made by juvenile justice 
policymakers concerning State and local needs.
     Consideration of all comments received during the period 
of public comment on the Proposed Plan.

FY 2002 Program Priorities

    During FY 2002, OJJDP will focus its efforts on programs that help 
prevent or intervene in delinquent behavior by funding activities that 
provide youth with the skills and values necessary to make choices that 
lead to positive outcomes. OJJDP also will focus on programs that hold 
youth accountable for their delinquent actions and on initiatives that 
prepare serious and violent juvenile offenders to successfully return 
home to their communities after they leave correctional institutions 
and training schools.
    In response to statutory reforms (most notably the Government 
Performance and Results Act of 1993, Publ. L. 103-62), OJP has 
implemented the concepts of performance-based management, which allow 
OJP to focus on mission, agree on goals, and report on key results that 
improve government performance and public accountability. As part of 
OJP's overall efforts, OJJDP is formulating strategic and annual 
performance plans, setting annual performance targets, and requiring 
its applicants to provide performance measures based on individual 
grant program objectives and anticipated results and outcomes.
    OJJDP program priorities in FY 2002 include the following:
     Youth reentry programs. OJJDP is participating in the 
Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative ``Going Home'', which 
was developed by the Office of Justice Programs (OJP), in conjunction 
with other Federal agencies, including the National Institute of 
Corrections and Federal partners (the U.S. Departments of Education, 
Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban Development, and Labor). 
The Reentry Initiative is a comprehensive effort that addresses both 
juvenile and adult populations of serious, high-risk offenders. It will 
provide funding to develop, implement, enhance, and evaluate reentry 
strategies to ensure the safety of the community and the reduction of 
serious, violent crime. The initiative seeks to assist targeted 
offenders in successfully returning to their communities after having 
served a significant period of secure confinement in a State training 
school, juvenile or adult correctional facility, or other secure 
institution. (The ``Going Home'' initiative was announced January 31, 
2002, and applications are due May 15, 2002. For more information, see 
OJP's Web site at www.ojp.usdoj.gov/reentry.)
     Capacity building in community- and faith-based 
organizations. The White House Office of Faith-Based and Community 
Initiatives and OJP/OJJDP will seek to establish a public/private 
partnership that will leverage the financial and human resources of 
faith-based and community-based organizations to meet the human 
services needs of their surrounding neighborhoods. The value of 
building such partnerships is exemplified by OJJDP's Juvenile Mentoring 
Program (JUMP), which supports one-to-one mentoring projects for youth 
at risk of failing in school, dropping out of school, or becoming 
involved in delinquent behavior, including gang activity and substance 
abuse. Since 1994, Congress has appropriated more than $56 million to 
support one-to-one mentoring programs and OJJDP has funded 203 JUMP 
sites in 47 States and 2 territories. More than 9,200 youth have 
received one-to-one mentoring, and mentors have been recruited from 
both the public and private sectors, including faith-based institutions 
(churches, church-operated charitable organizations and outreach 
programs, and tribal groups), community-based organizations, American 
Indian communities and Alaska Native villages, schools, police and fire 
departments, hospitals, and banks and local businesses. (A notice about 
the most recent JUMP program announcement was published in the Federal 
Register on February 8, 2002 [67 FR 6053]. Applications were due March 
25, 2002.)
     Juvenile drug use prevention programs. Recognizing the 
importance of breaking the cycle of juvenile drug abuse and the serious 
delinquent behavior that often results, OJJDP will develop a 
demonstration program to help communities select and replicate 
promising and model drug prevention programs. The initiative also will 
include a national evaluation.
     School violence prevention programs. OJJDP's efforts in 
this area include a program to help communities address youth gang 
problems both in schools and in the community and a program that 
provides intensive training and technical assistance and collects data 
to strengthen state and local safe school initiatives.

Primary Program Goals

    In addition to the above priorities, the discretionary programs 
OJJDP administers under Parts C and D of Title II typically address one 
or more of the four goals that OJJDP has identified as necessary to 
ensure public safety and security while establishing effective juvenile 
justice and delinquency prevention programs. Achieving these goals, 
which are discussed below, is vital to protecting the long-term safety 
of the public from juvenile delinquency and violence.
     OJJDP promotes delinquency prevention and early 
intervention efforts that reduce the flow of juvenile offenders into 
the juvenile justice system, the numbers of serious and violent 
offenders, and the development of chronic delinquent careers. Although 
removing serious and violent juvenile offenders from the street serves 
to protect the public, the real goal is to take aggressive steps to 
stop delinquency before it starts or becomes a pattern of behavior.
     OJJDP seeks to improve the juvenile justice system and the 
response of the system to juvenile delinquents, status offenders, and 
dependent, neglected, and abused children.
     OJJDP supports corrections, detention, and community- and 
faith-based alternatives which protect the public, incorporate 
appropriate secure detention and corrections options, and foster the 
use of community-based programs for juvenile offenders.
     OJJDP supports law enforcement, public safety, and other 
justice agency efforts to prevent juvenile delinquency, intervene in 
the development of chronic delinquent careers, and collaborate with the 
juvenile justice system to meet the needs of dependent, neglected, and 
abused children.

Fiscal Year 2002 Programs

    OJJDP has organized its programs under four broad categories that 
reflect these four program goals. These categories are Public Safety 
and Law Enforcement, Delinquency Prevention and Intervention, 
Strengthening the Juvenile Justice System, and Child Abuse and Neglect 
and Dependency Cases. An Overarching fifth category contains programs 
with significant elements common to more than one of the other four 
categories. The programs that OJJDP expects to support in FY 2002 with 
Parts C and D funds (based on funding availability, grantee

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performance, and other factors) are listed alphabetically and 
summarized later in this document.
    As part of the FY 2002 appropriations process, Congress also 
identified a number of programs for funding consideration with regard 
to the grantee(s), the amount of funds, or both.

Continuation Discretionary Grants

    The continuation projects listed in this program plan are those 
currently funded in whole or in part with Part C and Part D funds and 
eligible for continuation funding in FY 2002, either as part of an 
existing project period or through an extension for an additional 
project or budget period. A grantee's eligibility for continued funding 
for an additional budget period within an existing project period 
depends on the grantee's compliance with funding eligibility 
requirements and achievement of the prior year's objectives. The amount 
of award is based on prior projections, demonstrated need, and the 
availability of funds.
    OJJDP will base consideration for continuation funding for an 
additional project period for previously funded discretionary grant 
programs on several factors, including the following:
     The extent to which the project meets the applicable 
requirements of the JJDP Act.
     Responsiveness to OJJDP and Department of Justice FY 2002 
program priorities and goals.
     Compliance with performance requirements of prior grant 
years.
     Compliance with fiscal and regulatory requirements.
     Compliance with any special conditions of the award.
     Availability of funds (based on appropriations and program 
priority determinations).
    In accordance with Section 262 (d)(1)(B) of the JJDP Act, as 
amended, 42 U.S.C. 5665a, the competitive process for the award of Part 
C funds is not required if the (Acting) Administrator makes a written 
determination waiving the competitive process:
    ``(i). With respect to programs to be carried out in areas with 
respect to which the President declares under the Robert T. Stafford 
Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act codified at 42 U.S.C. 5121 
et seq. that a major disaster or emergency exists, or
    (ii). With respect to a particular program described in Part C that 
is uniquely qualified.''

Summary of Public Comments on the Proposed Program Plan for Fiscal 
Year 2002

    OJJDP published its Proposed Program Plan for FY 2002 in the 
Federal Register (Vol. 66, No. 205) on October 23, 2001, for a 45-day 
public comment period. OJJDP received 21 letters commenting on the 
Proposed Plan. All comments have been considered in the development of 
OJJDP's Final Program Plan for Fiscal Year 2002.
    The comments received are summarized below together with OJJDP's 
responses. To avoid needless repetition, all comments on a particular 
program or area of programming are summarized in one comment paragraph 
and followed by a single OJJDP response, which applies to all the 
comments on that topic.
    Comment: Six letters from five public interest and civil rights 
groups and a private citizen suggested that OJJDP should include the 
Building Blocks for Youth Initiative in its Final Program Plan. By 
creating an alliance of children's advocates, researchers, law 
enforcement professionals, and community organizers, the Building 
Blocks for Youth Initiative seeks to protect minority youth in the 
justice system and promote rational and effective justice policies.
    Response: OJJDP recognizes the great contributions the Building 
Blocks for Youth initiative has offered in the past. However, competing 
priorities and fiscal realities have precluded continued funding at 
this time. Although the juvenile justice system has traditionally 
maintained responsibility for providing services to juvenile offenders, 
it is clear that existing resources in communities often go unused. It 
is these unused resources that OJJDP desires to tap.
    Comment: Two writers, an official with a State Juvenile 
Rehabilitation Administration and an official with the National Mental 
Health Association (NMHA), commented on the issue of mental health as 
it pertains to OJJDP's Proposed Plan. The first writer also emphasized 
the important role OJJDP plays in providing that State with the tools 
to identify, plan, and train staff to implement best practices programs 
for juvenile offenders. In recent years, the author wrote, these 
programs have shown significant evidence of reducing repetitive 
criminal behavior. However, the writer pointed out, the existence of 
such programs is currently limited. The writer suggested that a 
continued opportunity for flexible grant funding (i.e., funding that 
encourages careful evaluation of outcomes) would lead to a greater 
number of effective services and programs, which could then be 
replicated across juvenile justice systems. After remarking that the 
involvement of faith-based organizations in the Proposed Plan presents 
an exciting opportunity to expand the State's existing mentoring 
programs, the writer concluded by discussing that State's unresolved 
needs (both in terms of staff training and development monies) 
regarding the growing population of mentally ill youth involved in the 
juvenile justice system.
    Writing in support of the five priorities of the Proposed Plan, the 
second writer stated that ``each of these areas is of interest to 
NMHA.'' The writer, however, suggested revisions to four of the five 
program priorities. The NMHA recommendations include: (1) The list of 
services to be offered under the initiative to build capacity in 
community- and faith-based organizations should be amended to read 
``mentoring and counseling at-risk youth and children of prisoners, and 
shelter and counseling for abused and neglected children.'' NMHA also 
recommended that ``national funding be available to support technical 
assistance to community and faith-based partners, to assist them in 
more effectively participating in and initiating faith-based 
partnerships in communities.'' (2) Regarding the Reentry Initiative, 
NMHA was ``pleased to see substance abuse and mental health 
intervention and treatment included among the array of services to 
which the reentry programs will direct sources.'' (3) * * * ``mental 
health intervention and treatment [should] be specifically included 
among promising and model drug prevention programs to be replicated.'' 
(4) NMHA took ``serious exception'' to programs designed to prevent 
school violence that are ``limited in scope to `zero tolerance' of 
seriously disruptive students and recommend[ed] that a mental health 
component be specifically included in the program plan and that a 
specific reference be provided to the provision of alternative 
education for any disruptive students who may be removed from class as 
a result of programs funded by OJJDP under this priority area.'' In 
addition, NMHA recommended that OJJDP make national technical 
assistance available to schools that ``focus on mental health as part 
of the formula for creating safe schools and healthy students.''
    In addition to commenting on four of the program priorities, NMHA 
also proposed a supplement to OJJDP's FY 2002 Proposed Plan. NMHA 
suggested that OJJDP include in its Final Plan a

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new priority and demonstration program that would expand the use of 
professional mental health screening and indepth assessment for all 
juveniles upon their entry into the juvenile justice system. The writer 
added that implementing such a program would address each of the areas 
set out under the FY 2002 Primary Program Goals. NMHA also suggested 
modifications to some of the programs eligible for continuation 
discretionary grants in FY 2002. NMHA's recommended program 
modifications include: (1) The National Resource Center and the Safe 
Schools/Healthy Students Action Center should be required to 
collaborate to help the Resource Center in the area of school mental 
health and to provide appropriate training, technical assistance, and 
data collection. (2) ``OJJDP [should] specifically require in FY 2002 
that products and trainings provided by the project include those that 
help law enforcement personnel recognize juveniles with mental health 
problems and disorders.'' (3) The Multisite, Multimodal Treatment Study 
of Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder should be 
made ``a specific area of investigation * * * [and should] address how 
to help law enforcement, court, detention, and corrections personnel 
recognize and provide appropriate treatment for juveniles with mental 
health problems and disorders.'' (4) OJJDP should provide technical 
assistance to the National Juvenile Detention Association (or order it 
to secure through contract) that emphasizes mental health to help shape 
its suicide prevention and management curriculum.
    Response: For the past 10 years, OJJDP has been committed to 
addressing the mental health needs of youth involved with the juvenile 
justice system. The agency recognizes that at the State and local 
level, juvenile justice agencies, facilities, and professionals 
struggle to meet the needs of increasing numbers of mentally ill youth. 
As the writer points out, staff training is a critical part of the 
system's response to these youth, as is the development and 
implementation of appropriate assessment and treatment services.
    Although this year's Program Plan contains no new funding in the 
area of mental health, the agency continues to sponsor a number of 
ongoing research projects in this area. Last year, OJJDP began funding 
a large, multifaceted research project related to mental health and 
juvenile justice. The ultimate goal of the project is to develop a 
model for meeting the mental health needs of youth at every point in 
the juvenile justice system, from arrest to aftercare. As part of this 
effort, researchers are collecting data on the prevalence of mental 
illness in different correctional settings and on the availability of 
appropriate services in those settings.
    The first writer notes that there is an ongoing lack of program 
development dollars for diversion and treatment programs for mentally 
ill youth. Although OJJDP may not be dedicating discretionary dollars 
to mental health programming at this time, States may still use the 
funding they receive from OJJDP through Formula Grants and State 
Challenge Grants for this purpose. OJJDP encourages the writer to work 
with the appropriate State Advisory Group to ensure that a portion of 
these grant funds are used to meet the needs of mentally ill youth in 
the juvenile justice system or who are at risk of entering it.
    In response to the second writer's recommendation that OJJDP focus 
on screening and assessing juveniles upon their first entry into the 
juvenile justice system (i.e., prior to confinement), OJJDP would like 
to point out two ongoing efforts that address this issue. OJJDP-funded 
Community Assessment Centers (CACs) provide a 24-hour centralized point 
of intake and assessment for juveniles entering the juvenile justice 
system. As the writer points out, early identification of mental health 
and substance abuse disorders can enhance placement and treatment 
decisions for youth at the ``front end'' of the juvenile justice 
system. In addition, the OJJDP project Screening and Assessment: 
Instruments and Models is designed to help juvenile justice 
professionals identify and understand the kinds of mental health 
screening and assessment tools and protocols available for use with 
youth in the juvenile justice system. The project, when completed, will 
provide recommendations regarding how these instruments and protocols 
can be used to better identify and respond to the treatment needs of 
youth in the juvenile justice system.
    OJJDP appreciates the writers' suggestions and comments on the 
proposed program areas, the supplement to the Proposed Plan, and 
program modifications. OJJDP will consider these suggestions as it 
continues to develop and implement its FY 2002 activities.
    Comment: Two writers, the president and the director of research of 
a company that produces educational and training products for at-risk 
youth, wrote to describe the unique opportunities that advances in Web-
based technologies offer local juvenile justice and other youth service 
providers of youth training. They noted that such Web-based approaches 
to distance learning could be high quality, cost-effective, and easily 
customized. They also emphasized the benefits of the interactive nature 
of this medium.
    Response: Although local providers are in the best position to 
determine the most cost-effective and efficient mix of media used to 
train youth in their communities, such decisions should be subject to 
ongoing review. As the information provided by the writers evidences, 
Web-based technologies should be included among the media explored in 
such analyses.
    Comment: One writer, the director of a State Department of Juvenile 
Justice, wrote to support OJJDP's five broad program priorities for FY 
2002. The writer stated that the proposed involvement of community- and 
faith-based organizations in the juvenile justice system will be well 
received and has great potential to tap resources that have been 
historically underutilized. Regarding reentry, the writer commented 
that virtually every practitioner agrees that reentry is a long-
neglected area, with the result being that some of the most high-risk 
youth return to the community with inadequate planning, resources, and 
supervision for the transition. The writer also suggested that, should 
funding become available, the Proposed Plan or subsequent planning 
processes include two areas previously mentioned in the FY 2001 
Proposed Plan: (1) Advocacy for families involved in the juvenile 
justice system and (2) increasing the capacity and effectiveness of 
juvenile probation.
    Response: Although the juvenile justice system has traditionally 
provided services to juvenile offenders, it is clear that there are 
resources available in local communities that go unused. It is these 
unused resources, such as those in community- and faith-based 
organizations, that OJJDP desires to leverage for prevention, 
intervention, and reentry programs.
    Comment: One writer, an official with the Council of Juvenile 
Correctional Administrators (CJCA), provided a series of comments and 
recommendations concerning OJJDP's Reentry Initiative. The comments and 
recommendations were the result of CJCA members' responses to 16 
questions based on past OJJDP conferences and meetings. In crafting 
their responses, CJCA members addressed such topics as the overall 
purpose of the initiative, the principles that should be incorporated 
into the initiative, the ways in which OJJDP should define the target 
population of reentry programs, and the key

[[Page 38824]]

components that should be included in such programs.
    Response: In developing the core components of the Serious and 
Violent Juvenile Offender Reentry Initiative, OJJDP has made great 
efforts to elicit input from professionals across the juvenile justice 
field. In doing so, it is clear that the Reentry Initiative must be 
comprehensive to meet the needs of the returning offender, while 
maintaining public safety. The CJCA comments are consistent with the 
seven essential elements of OJJDP's comprehensive approach. This 
approach includes:
     Establishment of a clear and present authority from 
immediate return throughout the entire transition process.
     Implementation of a detailed assessment process (forensic, 
educational, vocational, mental health, and substance abuse).
     Development of a reintegration plan that clearly addresses 
all issues identified in the assessment phase and becomes the guide by 
which offenders must manage their reentry into the community.
     Use of existing community resources to implement the plan, 
which will afford continuity and availability of service delivery and 
ensure familiarity by the offender with the service system and will 
also increase the potential for sustaining the program and the offender 
in the community.
     Application of graduated levels of supervision and 
sanctions to offenders, including highly structured housing, electronic 
monitoring, team supervision, and consistent and equitable responses to 
a lack of compliance and reoffending.
     Involvement of local law enforcement, probation, parole, 
and the community in tracking the activities and behaviors of 
offenders.
     Use of faith- and community-based service systems to 
mentor and provide services to the offenders.
    Comment: One writer, commenting on behalf of a nonprofit 
organization that promotes government accountability and citizen 
participation in public issues, supported the proposal to build the 
capacity of community- and faith-based organization to address the 
needs of at-risk youth. However, the writer stressed the importance of 
having adequate safeguards in place to protect against proselytizing 
directed at program participants and their families. As an example of 
this concern, the writer explains that if a grant program favors 
religious organizations over secular ones, or if some religions benefit 
more from the program than others, this bias may divide a community 
rather than unite it. The writer suggests several ways that OJJDP could 
involve faith-based organizations in its programs without subsidizing 
religious activity. In addition, the writer notes that OJJDP must do 
more than ``discourage'' proselytizing; it must prohibit it. Finally, 
the writer expresses hope that the Final Program Plan will provide more 
specific details about what grant programs can do to involve all 
organizations in a community without subsidizing religious activity of 
proselytizing participating youth. That way, the writer affirms, ``the 
Centers will be a real asset for communities with high levels of 
juvenile crime.''
    Response: OJJDP is committed to ensuring that any faith-based 
program will comply with constitutional and statutory protections. In 
designing and implementing the faith-based program, OJJDP will ensure 
that federal funds are not used for religious services, 
proselytization, or indoctrination.
    Comment: One writer, an official with the Juvenile Justice 
Coalition of Ohio, wrote to support the general focus of the Proposed 
Plan but stated that ``we believe the focus and the program priorities 
are too narrowly defined to have the positive impact all of us hope 
that [OJJDP's] activities will have on juvenile delinquency.'' Based on 
this perception, the writer offered three modifications to the Proposed 
Plan: (1) Including the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, 
and Chronic Juvenile Offenders as an OJJDP priority, (2) prioritizing 
efforts to reduce disproportionate confinement or overrepresentation of 
minorities in the juvenile justice system, and (3) broadening the scope 
of prevention priorities.
    Response: OJJDP's State and Tribal Assistance Division (STAD), 
through its administration of formula and block grant programs, 
supported the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic 
Juvenile Offenders to help communities identify and prioritize their 
delinquency prevention and juvenile justice needs. Based on STAD's 
experiences and the information gathered during the national evaluation 
of the Comprehensive Strategy Training and Technical Assistance 
Initiative, STAD has streamlined the community planning process. This 
abbreviated, results-oriented approach (the Targeted Community Action 
Planning [TCAP] program) will allow OJJDP to support more local 
communities interested in developing targeted responses to their most 
pressing juvenile justice needs.
    In response to the writer's comment that ``efforts to reduce 
disproportionate confinement or overrepresentation of minorities in the 
juvenile justice system should be a priority,'' OJJDP recognizes that 
addressing disproportionate minority confinement (DMC) requires long-
term coordinated efforts at the Federal, State, and local levels. OJJDP 
plans to continue Federal research and targeted training and technical 
assistance to States and local communities to help them meet these 
challenges. OJJDP is committed to assisting States in their adoption of 
a comprehensive approach to reduce DMC and ensuring fair and equal 
treatment for every youth involved in the juvenile justice system.
    In response to the writer's comment that ``the scope of prevention 
priorities should be broadened,'' OJJDP agrees that prevention models, 
such as the one prescribed by OJJDP's Title V Community Prevention 
Grants Program, provide guidance for communities' risk- and protective-
focused prevention efforts. OJJDP strives to improve and broaden the 
delinquency prevention efforts of both States and communities, 
particularly those efforts that (1) emphasize promising or effective 
programs and (2) provide proactive assistance to help communities 
access additional funding sources to implement their comprehensive 
community delinquency plans.
    Comment: One writer, the director of corrections for a faith-based 
organization, wrote in support of the FY 2002 Proposed Plan and offered 
to assist with future implementation efforts regarding the Proposed 
Plan.
    Response: OJJDP is pleased to know that the Faith- and Community-
based and Reentry Initiatives have generated so much support. We 
welcome and will encourage participation in the implementation of these 
initiatives as we continue to develop them.
    Comment: One writer, the family services director for a nonprofit 
community action agency, asserted that OJJDP should ``prioritize 
earlier intervention for effective prevention.'' The writer emphasized 
that prevention should play a larger part in the Proposed Plan and 
stated that ``holding youth accountable and preparing offenders to 
return home after leaving institutions is not delinquency prevention.''
    Response: OJJDP agrees that early intervention and prevention 
efforts are critical to addressing potential risk factors that may lead 
to juvenile delinquency. Over the years, OJJDP has supported many 
intervention and prevention programs, such as the Drug-Free Communities 
Support Program and the Juvenile Mentoring Program. OJJDP's commitment 
to developing and sustaining such programs remains strong. Nonetheless, 
the success of

[[Page 38825]]

intervention and prevention programs should not forestall the 
development of new approaches to curtailing delinquency. By focusing on 
programs that hold youth accountable for their delinquent actions and 
on initiatives that prepare serious and violent juvenile offenders to 
successfully return home to their communities after they leave 
correctional institutions and training schools, OJJDP is building its 
capacity to meet the needs of both our Nation's youth and the 
communities in which they live.
    Comment: One writer, a member of the Gender Specific Services Work 
Group for Ohio, commented that the Proposed Plan should prioritize and 
fund (1) the mandate to reduce disproportionate minority confinement of 
juveniles; (2) the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and 
Chronic Juvenile Offenders; and (3) gender-specific services. In 
addition, the writer stated disappointment that OJJDP ``has dropped the 
National Girls Institute from program funding.''
    Response: OJJDP is committed to preventing and reducing juvenile 
delinquency. In addition, OJJDP's commitment to addressing the mandate 
to reduce disproportionate minority confinement of juveniles and 
gender-specific programs for girls remains strong. We are currently 
reviewing our efforts in these areas and evaluating the effectiveness 
of the Comprehensive Strategy program. As we move forward, we will do 
so in a manner that focuses on outcome measures and builds on lessons 
we have already learned in all of these areas.
    Comment: Two writers, an official with the National Sheriff's 
Association (NSA) and an official with the American Correctional 
Association (ACA), commended OJJDP's efforts in helping to improve the 
future of America's youth. Commenting on behalf of NSA, one writer 
suggested promoting a program that would assist ``rural law enforcement 
in dealing with and assisting juveniles in trouble.'' Commenting on 
behalf of ACA, the second writer expressed an interest in ``ensuring 
that when and if juveniles are placed in incarceration situations, 
proper training, resources, and assistance is afforded to the 
facilities and their officers.'' Both writers stated an interest in 
promoting proper reentry strategies and partnerships to ensure that all 
youth receive the assistance they need.
    Response: It is often difficult to address issues regarding the 
lack of resources and services in remote, very rural areas. However, 
OJJDP is aware of these difficulties and has taken steps to assist 
sparsely populated jurisdictions that do not have some essential 
services. OJJDP has directed the National Juvenile Detention 
Association (NJDA) to address the issue of detention services in rural 
areas. NJDA, along with the Annie E. Casey Foundation, is looking at 
what can be done to provide alternatives to incarceration that still 
provide a degree of security and protection to both the delinquent 
youth and the community.
    In addition, OJJDP is sponsoring a Juvenile Sanctions Project, 
through the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges, to 
assist jurisdictions that want to develop new, or enhance existing, 
accountability-based juvenile sanctions programs. Such a system of 
graduated sanctions would help communities develop alternatives to 
secure detention, identify needed services for juveniles, and help 
implement services in rural communities.
    Comment: One writer, a juvenile justice specialist from a State 
Division of Criminal Justice, offered three comments. First, OJJDP 
should solicit input from juvenile justice specialists and State 
Advisory Groups who oversee and administer the funds available through 
the State and Tribal Assistance Division of OJJDP. Soliciting this 
input prior to and during the implementation process of the proposed 
programs will, according to the writer, broaden the working knowledge 
of the needs and existing State programs and initiatives. OJJDP should 
also solicit input from other Federal agencies and foundations that 
share a similar focus. Second, the current grantee of the Juvenile 
Justice Telecommunications Assistance Project should continue to 
develop ways to include more participants in the Internet 
videoconferences. Third, the Building Blocks initiative and the 
Disproportionate Minority Confinement initiative should be ``supported 
at a level to provide assistance to States in their efforts to address 
minority overrepresentation through the Formula Grant Program.''
    Response: The Juvenile Justice Telecommunications Assistance 
Project (JJTAP) continues to recognize the importance of using the 
Internet to disseminate information to the field. Since 1999, JJTAP has 
used the evolving technology of streaming video and has seen it become 
more watchable and viewer-friendly with each passing year. In FY 2002, 
JJTAP committed to cybercast all OJJDP videoconferences and has 
proposed to do the same in FY 2003. All past videoconferences are 
available for viewing online at www.juvenilenet.org/jjtap/archives. As 
for the writer's comment about providing assistance to states to 
address disproportionate minority confinement issues, training and 
technical assistance are available through OJJDP to all states to help 
them address this issue.
    Comment: One writer, an official of Americans United for Separation 
of Church and State, wrote to express concern that OJJDP's plan for 
implementing community- and faith-based initiatives ``may have the 
deleterious effect of eroding the civil rights of the beneficiaries and 
others.'' The writer advised that the Final Plan explicitly mention a 
commitment to the Constitutional protections regarding the separation 
of church and State. In addition, the writer urged that OJJDP ``ensure 
the availability of secular alternatives for the beneficiary youth in 
each location [where] funds are used to assist faith-based 
organizations.''
    Response: OJJDP is committed to ensuring that any faith-based 
initiative will comply with constitutional and statutory protections. 
In designing and implementing the faith-based program, OJJDP will seek 
to ensure that federal funds are not used for worship services, 
proselytization, or indoctrination.
    Comment: One writer, the executive director of an educational 
technology network that serves juvenile and youthful offenders, wrote 
to recommend that the guidelines for all OJJDP grants include the use 
of technology, as appropriate. The writer asked that OJJDP consider 
designating some portion of reentry program funds for the development 
of multimedia products that can be used nationwide to help youthful 
offenders establish a plan for success. The writer also suggested that 
OJJDP use something like the following language in its guidelines for 
reentry program applications:
    ``Funding will be made available, on a competitive basis, for the 
development of multimedia products that prepare juveniles and youthful 
offenders for reentry into the community, prior to their release 
date.''
    Response: The ability to share information across agencies in an 
efficient and effective manner is a critical component to many justice 
programs. OJJDP encourages juvenile justice agencies to develop and 
implement management information systems that can collect data and 
analyze and disseminate information. Sites participating in OJJDP's 
Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative may choose to enhance 
their programs through the use of technology, both with multimedia 
products and the above-mentioned information systems.
    Comment: One writer, commenting on behalf of the Research Triangle 
Institute,

[[Page 38826]]

recommended that OJJDP implement a new area of investigation for 
developing effective interventions for at-risk juveniles. The writer 
suggested that a new approach should advance a more comprehensive 
understanding of the many factors that influence behavioral outcomes. 
To this end, the writer asserted that interventions should target the 
precursors that affect behavioral outcomes (e.g., drug abuse or 
violence) rather than the behavioral outcomes alone.
    Response: Over the past several years, OJJDP has become aware of 
research that indicates a link between learning disabilities and higher 
risk for delinquency. This research indicates that neurological 
conditions can impact a child's cognitive and emotional regulatory 
functions. Children with these functional impairments may be more 
likely to engage in behavior that can have negative outcomes. For 
example, they may be more vulnerable to the influences of negative 
peers or may be less likely to achieve academically and therefore start 
to skip classes. Without appropriate intervention, these children may 
engage in delinquent behavior, such as drug use and violence, and end 
up in juvenile court or incarcerated.
    As the writer indicates, very few prevention studies take into 
account precursors, such as functional impairments, when studying the 
effectiveness of any given program or curriculum. Yet, since children 
with these functional impairments are less likely to benefit from 
traditional prevention program delivery methods (i.e., a classroom 
setting), research needs to consider these factors if we are to develop 
programs that truly respond to the needs of at-risk youth.
    In recent years, OJJDP has worked to increase collaboration with 
other federal agencies that support research in this field. The purpose 
of these collaborations has been two-fold: first, to learn more about 
the precursors that may make youth more vulnerable to delinquent 
behavior, and second, to encourage researchers to measure predelinquent 
and delinquent behavior as part of the outcomes they use in measuring 
the impact of different interventions. The Multisite, Multimodal 
Treatment Study of Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity 
Disorder is one current collaborative effort. This study, funded 
primarily by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), is 
examining the long-term efficacy of stimulant medication and intensive 
behavioral and educational treatment for children with attention 
deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
    Another project for which OJJDP has provided support (through an 
Interagency Agreement with NIMH) is Risk Reduction Via Promotion of 
Youth Development. This project (also known as Early Alliance) is a 
large-scale prevention study involving hundreds of children in several 
elementary schools in lower socioeconomic neighborhoods of Columbia, 
SC. The project is designed to promote coping competence and reduce 
risk for conduct problems, aggression, substance use, delinquency and 
violence, and school failure beginning in early elementary school.
    In addition to these studies, OJJDP participates in the Interagency 
Coordinating Committee on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (ICCFAS) group. Fetal 
Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Effects (FAS/FAE) are associated 
with a specific set of neurobehavioral deficits that predispose 
affected individuals to delinquent and other high-risk behaviors. A 
primary objective of the ICCFAS is to promote and facilitate the 
development of collaborative projects and cooperative programs among 
member agencies. This includes improving communication among basic 
research, clinical research, education, and service-provider 
communities, and facilitating evaluation of FAS intervention programs. 
The ICCFAS group is coordinated by the National Institute on Alcohol 
Abuse and Alcoholism and includes members from several federal agencies 
and national organizations. OJJDP has served on the group since 1999.
    Although these efforts are an important step, they are just the 
beginning. OJJDP will continue to seek opportunities to collaborate 
with other agencies in supporting research in this field and to share 
the results with juvenile justice practitioners nationwide.

Fiscal Year 2002 Program Listing

Overarching

American Statistical Association Crime and Justice Committee
Coalition for Juvenile Justice
Insular Area Support
Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse
Juvenile Justice Telecommunications Assistance Project
National Reporting System for Formula Grants Program
National Resource Center for Safe Schools
National Training and Technical Assistance Center
OJJDP Management Evaluation Contract
OJJDP Technical Assistance Support Contract--Juvenile Justice Resource 
Center
Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency
Technical Assistance for State Legislatures
Understanding and Monitoring the ``Whys'' Behind Juvenile Crime Trends

Public Safety and Law Enforcement

Evaluation of the Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang 
Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression Program
Evaluation of the Comprehensive Gang Model: An Enhanced School Approach
Gang-Free Schools and Communities Initiative
Gang Prevention Through Targeted Outreach (Boys & Girls Clubs)
Law Enforcement Training and Technical Assistance Program
National Youth Gang Center
Technical Assistance to the Gang-Free Schools and Communities 
Initiative

Delinquency Prevention and Intervention

Assessing Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Disorders Among Juvenile Detainees
Comprehensive Children and Families Mental Health Training and 
Technical Assistance
Evaluation of the Truancy Reduction Demonstration Program
Integrated Information Sharing To Prevent Juvenile Delinquency: A 
Training and Technical Assistance Approach
Intergenerational Transmission of Antisocial Behavior
Juvenile Defender Training, Technical Assistance, and Resource Center
Multisite, Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention 
Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
National Youth Court Center
Pathways to Desistance: A Prospective Study of Serious Adolescent 
Offenders
Technical Assistance for the Title V Community Prevention Programs
Truancy Reduction Demonstration Program

Strengthening the Juvenile Justice System

Accountability-Based Training for Staff in Juvenile Confinement 
Facilities
Balanced and Restorative Justice
Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement
Center for Students With Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System
Improving Juvenile Sanctioning: An Intensive Training and Technical 
Assistance Delivery Program

[[Page 38827]]

Intensive Community-Based Juvenile Aftercare Dissemination and 
Technical Assistance Program
James E. Gould Memorial Program for Training and Technical Assistance 
for Juvenile Corrections and Detention
Juvenile Justice Prosecution Unit
Juvenile Residential Facility Census
Longitudinal Study To Examine the Development of Conduct Disorder in 
Girls
Meta-Analysis Project
National Census and Survey of Juvenile Probation
National Evaluation of the Performance-based Standards Project
National Juvenile Justice Data Analysis Project
National Juvenile Justice Program Directory
National Juvenile Sex Offenders Training Project
National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
National Training and Technical Assistance for Effective Juvenile 
Detention and Corrections Practices
Performance-based Standards Project
Survey of Youth in Residential Placement
Systems Improvement Training and Technical Assistance
Training Programs for Juvenile Justice Professionals in Corrections and 
Detention
Training and Technical Assistance for National Innovations To Reduce 
Disproportionate Minority Confinement
Tribal Youth Training and Technical Assistance Program

Child Abuse and Neglect and Dependency Courts

Evaluation of the Parents Anonymous' Program
National Evaluation of the Safe Kids/Safe Streets Program
Research on Child Neglect
Safe Kids/Safe Streets: Community Approaches to Reducing Abuse and 
Neglect and Preventing Delinquency

Overarching

American Statistical Association Crime and Justice Committee

    In 2001, OJJDP, through an intra-agency agreement with the Bureau 
of Justice Statistics (BJS), began funding the American Statistical 
Association (ASA) Committee on Crime and Justice Statistics to support 
the committee's work and to sponsor a methodology and statistics grant 
program. ASA-sponsored grants and activities seek to improve the 
quality and utility of juvenile-related Federal Bureau of Investigation 
(FBI) data, in particular county-level arrest and homicide data. A 
specific research agenda for these funds will be developed jointly by 
OJJDP, BJS, the FBI, and the ASA Law and Justice Statistics Committee. 
This joint OJJDP and BJS activity should improve the processing of 
these files and make the two offices' public presentation of the final 
data more consistent. Funds in FY 2002 will support the further 
development of the research agenda and the continued improvement of the 
juvenile justice data.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
American Statistical Association. No additional applications will be 
solicited in FY 2002.

Coalition for Juvenile Justice

    This project supports the Coalition for Juvenile Justice, an 
organization composed of member representatives of State Advisory 
Groups appointed by State Governors under section 223(a)(3) of the JJDP 
Act. Pursuant to statutory requirements, the Coalition will conduct an 
annual conference of member representatives; disseminate information on 
data, standards, advanced techniques, and program models developed and 
funded by OJJDP; and review Federal policies regarding juvenile justice 
and delinquency prevention. The Coalition also advises the OJJDP 
Administrator with respect to the work of OJJDP and advises the 
President and Congress with regard to State perspectives on the 
operation of OJJDP and on Federal legislation pertaining to juvenile 
justice and delinquency prevention.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
Coalition for Juvenile Justice. No additional applications will be 
solicited in FY 2002.

Insular Area Support

    The purpose of this statutorily required program is to provide 
support to the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the 
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Funds are available to 
address the special needs and problems of juvenile delinquency in these 
insular areas, as specified by section 261(e) of the JJDP Act of 1974, 
as amended, 42 U.S.C. 5665(e).

Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse

    A component of the National Criminal Justice Reference Service 
(NCJRS), the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse (JJC) collects, 
synthesizes, and disseminates information on all aspects of juvenile 
justice. OJJDP established the Clearinghouse in 1979 to serve the 
information needs of the juvenile justice community, policymakers, the 
media, and the public. JJC offers toll-free telephone access to 
information; prepares specialized responses to information requests; 
produces, warehouses, and distributes OJJDP publications; exhibits at 
national conferences; maintains a comprehensive juvenile justice 
library and database; and operates several electronic information 
resources, including OJJDP's Web site. NCJRS is administered by the 
National Institute of Justice (NIJ) under a competitively awarded 
contract to Aspen Systems Corporation. FY 2002 is the fourth year of a 
4-year project period.
    This project will be implemented by the current contractor, Aspen 
Systems Corporation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 
2002.

Juvenile Justice Telecommunications Assistance Project

    The Juvenile Justice Telecommunications Assistance Project (JJTAP) 
has been funded by OJJDP since 1995. The grantee, Eastern Kentucky 
University (EKU), provides OJJDP with the technical expertise and 
necessary equipment to conduct national satellite videoconferences and 
technical assistance for training and information dissemination 
purposes. Through the use of live videoconferences and Internet 
technology, OJJDP has reached thousands of juvenile justice 
professionals simultaneously to inform the field of the latest 
developments in research, best practices, and promising programs in an 
expeditious and relatively inexpensive manner. These videoconferences 
are designed to address specific issues and allow interaction between 
experts and the viewing audience during call-in segments.
    In addition to satellite technology, this project has used the 
Internet since 1999 to reach an even greater audience. Five of the 
videoconferences have been Webcast live on the Internet, and all past 
videoconferences are available for viewing, in their entirety, on the 
project's Web site archive. Written materials accompanying each 
broadcast are sent to each downlink site and are available to anyone to 
download from the Internet. Videotapes and associated written materials 
for all past videoconferences are available for purchase through the 
Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse. JJTAP has provided technical assistance 
on satellite videoconferencing to a large number of organizations and 
has published the Satellite Teleconferencing Resource Manual, a 
resource document for

[[Page 38828]]

agencies interested in delivering training via satellite.
    In FY 2002, all videoconferences will be available via satellite 
and the Internet. Four new videoconferences will be developed and 
marketed through the National Criminal Justice Reference Service. EKU 
also will continue providing limited technical assistance in the use of 
telecommunications technology to other juvenile justice agencies.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Eastern 
Kentucky University. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 
2002.

National Performance Reporting System for Formula Grants Program

    The National Performance Reporting System will allow OJJDP to 
continue assisting States in reporting program information as required 
for participation in the Title II, Part B State Formula Grants Program. 
Under this project, States gain the capacity to efficiently submit 
program information to OJJDP. In this second year of the cooperative 
agreement, a new data collection tool will be piloted and subsequently 
refined. The data obtained using this new collection tool will provide 
a comprehensive picture of the implementation of the Formula Grants 
Program in the States.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
Justice Research and Statistics Association. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

National Resource Center for Safe Schools

    OJJDP established the National Resource Center for Safe Schools 
(NRCSS) in 1998 by funding, along with the U.S. Department of 
Education's Safe and Drug-Free Schools Program, the Northwest Regional 
Educational Laboratory (NWREL) to provide intensive training, technical 
assistance, and data collection to strengthen statewide and local safe 
school initiatives. The mission of NRCSS is to implement a training and 
technical assistance program that helps schools and communities create 
and maintain safe learning environments that are free of crime and 
violence. NRCSS's approach assumes that the development of a safe 
school environment cannot be isolated from an overall school 
improvement plan that includes community services agencies. This 
approach provides safe schools programs with a solid foundation that 
embraces diversity, builds resiliency, and provides educational 
programming such as anger management, peer mediation, and conflict 
resolution. (However, such programming is not appropriate in cases 
involving dating violence or sexual harassment.)
    NRCSS's accomplishments to date include developing a database and 
services to support crisis response referrals; holding 3 advisory 
committee meetings; publishing 8 newsletters, 12 fact sheets, and 1 
case study; establishing a training and technical assistance calendar, 
a pool of providers, and a toll-free phone number; and developing a 
training curriculum protocol and a curriculum manual for the project.
    In FY 2002, NRCSS will identify and focus on the 10 areas of 
concern that are most important to creating safer schools. NRCSS will 
take a consolidated approach to these 10 areas of concern and will 
support schools in their efforts to implement other effective OJJDP 
initiatives such as mentoring, youth courts, bullying, and conflict 
resolution.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

National Training and Technical Assistance Center

    The National Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Training 
and Technical Assistance Center (NTTAC) was established in FY 1995 
under a competitive 3-year project period award. In FY 2000, a 
competitive 1-year contract was awarded to Caliber Associates to 
continue implementation of the Center; a second contract was awarded to 
Caliber through a competitive process in FY 2001. Renewal of this 
contract for project implementation is anticipated annually over a 3-
year period, based on availability of funds and satisfactory 
performance.
    NTTAC serves as a national training and technical assistance 
repository, inventorying and coordinating the integrated delivery of 
juvenile justice training and technical assistance resources and 
establishing a database of these resources. Past NTTAC activities 
included convening the first in a series of annual OJJDP training and 
technical assistance grantee-contractor meetings, finalizing the 
jurisdictional team training and technical assistance packages on 
critical needs in the juvenile justice system, developing a bimonthly 
newsletter (NTTAC News), and responding to training and technical 
assistance requests from the field.
    NTTAC also brokered more than 500 training and technical assistance 
requests in FY 2001 and revamped its marketing and outreach strategy to 
include a redesign of its marketing materials, indicating ``a family-
of-products'' look. NTTAC expanded and enhanced its Web site, 
increasing its usership by approximately 40 percent. In addition, NTTAC 
developed the OJJDP Core Performance Standards, which serve as minimum 
expectations for training and technical assistance providers in the 
planning, delivery, and evaluation of their services.
    During FY 2002, NTTAC will disseminate the Core Performance 
Standards and a toolkit series of fact sheets and bulletins to 
facilitate the implementation of the Standards. NTTAC will continue to 
develop an Information Resource Management System (IRMS). NTTAC will 
complete development of its training and technical assistance product 
and curriculum review process and will endeavor to complete the Office 
of Management and Budget clearance process for its User Feedback Form. 
The Center will also provide assistance to State juvenile corrections 
training academies in facilitating the reoccurring revisions and 
updates of basic job descriptions and will serve as a repository of 
training materials developed by juvenile corrections training 
academies.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Caliber 
Associates. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

OJJDP Management Evaluation Contract

    This contract was competitively awarded in FY 1999 to Caliber 
Associates for a period of 4 years to provide OJJDP with an expert 
resource to perform independent program evaluations and assist in 
implementing evaluation activities. The contractor provides assistance 
to OJJDP staff in determining the evaluation needs of programs and 
develops evaluation designs that OJJDP can use in defining the 
requirements for a grant or contract to implement the evaluation. 
Caliber is currently conducting two full-scale program evaluations for 
OJJDP. One is a national evaluation to examine the viability and 
effectiveness of Title V Community Prevention Grants for Local 
Delinquency Prevention Programs. The contractor also is completing a 
process evaluation of the implementation of OJJDP's Comprehensive 
Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders. The 
contractor also may provide training to OJJDP program managers and 
other staff on evaluation-related topics.

[[Page 38829]]

    This contract will be implemented by the current contractor, 
Caliber Associates. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 
2002.

OJJDP Technical Assistance Support Contract--Juvenile Justice Resource 
Center

    The Juvenile Justice Resource Center (JJRC) provides technical 
assistance and support to OJJDP, its grantees, and the Coordinating 
Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention in the areas of 
program development, evaluation, training, and research. With 
assistance from expert consultants, JJRC coordinates product reviews, 
conducts research and prepares reports on current juvenile justice 
issues, plans meetings and conferences, and provides administrative 
support to various Federal councils and boards. FY 2002 is the fourth 
year of a 4-year project period.
    This project will be implemented by the current contractor, Aspen 
Systems Corporation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 
2002. Since this is the final year of funding, a new solicitation will 
be issued and a contract awarded through a competitive contract action 
so there will not be a break in services.

Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency

    Since 1986, this longitudinal study has addressed a variety of 
issues related to juvenile violence and delinquency and has produced a 
massive amount of information on the causes and correlates of 
delinquent behavior. Three project sites participate: The Institute of 
Behavioral Science, University of Colorado at Boulder; the Western 
Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh; and 
Hindelang Criminal Justice Research Center, University at Albany, State 
University of New York. These projects are designed to improve the 
understanding of serious juvenile delinquency, violence, and drug use 
by examining how youth develop within the context of family, school, 
peers, and community. The three sites engage in both collaborative and 
site-specific research. The three research teams worked together to 
ensure that certain core measures were identical across the sites. This 
approach strengthens the findings from these projects by allowing for 
replications of findings in individual sites and enabling cross-site 
analyses.
    In the upcoming year, the Causes and Correlates projects will 
continue collaborative and site-specific analyses of the data. Future 
reports will address such topics as mental health problems and 
interventions, gangs, and the transition from school to work. In 
addition, researchers at the three sites will provide greater access to 
the study data. Confidentiality concerns prohibit the release of the 
data sets to the general public. However, OJJDP and the researchers 
have been exploring alternative methods of making the data more 
accessible to other researchers, the most promising being a remote 
access system. Plans for the next year include developing and testing a 
remote access system at one of the sites.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantees, The 
Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado at Boulder; The 
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh; and 
Hindelang Criminal Justice Research Center, University at Albany, State 
University of New York. No additional applications will be solicited in 
FY 2002.

Technical Assistance for State Legislatures

    The Technical Assistance for State Legislatures project was 
established in FY 1995, when OJJDP awarded funds to the National 
Conference of State Legislators (NCSL) to provide juvenile justice 
information on recent research, legislation, reform options, and 
innovative program models and to provide customized technical 
assistance for State legislatures. NCSL also aids State legislators in 
the improvement of State juvenile justice systems by exploring causes 
and crafting comprehensive responses to youth crime and violence. The 
NCSL project provides State legislatures with extensive consultation 
and technical assistance on key juvenile justice reform issues.
    The project's accomplishments since FY 1995 include provision of 
onsite assistance by NCSL on 25 occasions to 14 State legislatures, 
with 4 occurring in FY 2001. Technical assistance is being planned in 
Louisiana and is ongoing in Vermont and Wyoming. The project has 
produced a 38-minute audiotape based on Comprehensive Juvenile Justice: 
A Legislator's Guide and distributed 600 copies of the tape to new 
lawmakers. Eleven lawmakers from five States (Hawaii, Kansas, Michigan, 
Mississippi, and Texas) participated in two juvenile justice study 
tours to learn how communities planned and implemented OJJDP's 
Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile 
Offenders.
    During FY 2001, NCSL information services responded to 1,500 
information requests. The grant has improved capacity for delivery of 
information services to State legislatures. The project also supports 
increased communication between State legislators and other State and 
local leaders who make decisions about juvenile justice issues.
    In FY 2002, the Technical Assistance for State Legislatures project 
will continue to provide technical assistance to State legislatures; 
hold an invitational ``Leadership Forum'' on comprehensive juvenile 
justice in January 2002; and develop, prepare, and distribute 
publications to highlight current trends, juvenile justice approaches, 
and issues in the States. Two topics will be researched, prepared, and 
distributed as part of the NCSL LegisBriefs (fact sheets) series. 
Research/information clearinghouse activities will continue to inform 
State legislatures on juvenile justice issues, enactments, and 
research.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
National Conference of State Legislators. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

Understanding and Monitoring the ``Whys'' Behind Juvenile Crime Trends

    The purpose of this research project is to identify and understand 
the principal reasons behind the trends in juvenile crime and violence. 
As national rates of youth violence have dropped substantially in 
recent years, a number of theories have been advanced to explain this 
trend. However, the lack of empirical evidence to fully support various 
theories enables proponents of vastly different policy orientations to 
claim victory for the recent declines and continue to assert their 
policy objectives. Not all localities experienced the same trends in 
juvenile violent crime during either the increases in the late 1980s or 
the subsequent declines that began in the early 1990s, and there is 
considerable variation in local juvenile crime rates across the 
country. In FY 2001, under a competitive award, the University of 
Pennsylvania's Jerry Lee Center on Criminology began a 5-year study to 
address these issues. The Center recruited six ``developmental sites'' 
and produced a report addressing the trends, theories discarded and 
remaining, feasibility of testing these theories, and limitations of 
various designs. In FY 2002, the University of Pennsylvania will begin 
testing these theories and will issue additional reports on the onsite 
testing process, experience, and feasibility.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
University of Pennsylvania. No additional applications will be 
solicited in FY 2002.

[[Page 38830]]

Public Safety and Law Enforcement

Evaluation of the Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang 
Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression Program

    OJJDP will continue funding this evaluation in FY 2002. Under a 
competitive cooperative agreement awarded in FY 1995, the evaluation 
grantee helped the five program sites (Bloomington, IL; Mesa, AZ; 
Riverside, CA; San Antonio, TX; and Tucson, AZ) establish realistic and 
measurable objectives, document program implementation, and measure the 
impact of this comprehensive approach. The grantee has trained the 
local site interviewers and also provided interim feedback to the 
program implementors. The grantee will continue to analyze data 
required to evaluate the program, monitor and oversee the quality 
control of data, and prepare final reports for the full evaluation.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
University of Chicago, School of Social Service Administration. No 
additional applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Evaluation of the Comprehensive Gang Model: An Enhanced School Approach

    This initiative is a continuation of ongoing efforts to test 
OJJDP's Comprehensive Gang Model. In FY 2000, four sites were 
competitively selected to conduct comprehensive assessments of their 
local gang problem and develop programs to implement the Comprehensive 
Gang Model. Program designs will be communitywide but will emphasize 
school-based responses. The four sites are Dade County, FL; East 
Cleveland, OH; Houston, TX; and Pittsburgh, PA. The evaluation grantee, 
COSMOS Corporation, is conducting case studies to document and analyze 
the four sites' 1-year community assessment and program planning 
efforts. COSMOS is also developing an outcome evaluation design for the 
sites that will be funded to implement the model.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantee, COSMOS 
Corporation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Gang-Free Schools and Communities Initiative

    In FY 2000, OJJDP launched a multisite effort to continue to 
demonstrate, test, and replicate the implementation of the OJJDP 
Comprehensive Gang Model in as many as 16 sites around the country. In 
response to a competitive solicitation, 10 new sites were selected to 
participate in this initiative, which consists of the 2 separate 
programs described below.
    The Comprehensive Gang Model: An Enhanced School/Community Approach 
to Reducing Youth Gang Crime is a program designed to demonstrate and 
test the Model's ability to assist communities in addressing youth gang 
problems in both the school setting and in the community, through a 
tightly coordinated approach, including antiviolence efforts. The four 
participating communities are East Cleveland, OH; Houston, TX; 
Pittsburgh, PA; and Miami-Dade, FL. In FY 2001, these sites received 
initial training in conducting an assessment of the youth gang problem 
and began collecting data. In FY 2002, these sites will be eligible for 
funding to begin implementing the OJJDP Comprehensive Gang Model to 
address the problems identified. The COSMOS Corporation is conducting 
an independent evaluation of this effort.
    The Gang-Free Communities program is designed to offer ``seed'' 
support to communities selected to replicate the OJJDP Comprehensive 
Gang Model. The communities selected to participate are Broward County, 
FL; East Los Angeles, CA; Jefferson County, KY; Lakewood, WA; San 
Francisco, CA; and Washington, DC. The goal of this program is to 
reduce youth gang violence in the community. In FY 2001, these sites 
also received initial training in conducting an assessment of the youth 
gang problem and began collecting the necessary data. In FY 2002, these 
sites will be eligible for funding to begin implementing the OJJDP 
Comprehensive Gang Model to address the problems identified.
    The National Youth Gang Center is providing training and technical 
assistance for communities participating in both programs.
    These two programs will be implemented by the current grantees: 
East Cleveland, Houston, Miami-Dade, and Pittsburgh for the 
comprehensive Gang Model: An Enhanced School/Community Approach to 
Reducing Youth Gang Crime and Broward County, FL; East Los Angeles, CA; 
Jefferson County, KY; the City of Lakewood, WA; San Francisco, CA; and 
Washington, DC, for the Gang-Free Communities program. No new 
applications will be solicited in FY 2002 for these programs.

Gang Prevention Through Targeted Outreach (Boys & Girls Clubs)

    The purpose of this program is to enable local Boys & Girls Clubs 
to prevent youth from entering gangs, intervene with gang members in 
the early stages of gang involvement, and divert youth from gang 
activities into more constructive programs. The Boys & Girls Clubs of 
America provides training and technical assistance to local gang 
prevention and intervention sites, including some at OJJDP's gang 
program demonstration sites, and to other clubs and organizations 
through regional trainings and national conferences. In FY 2000, the 
Boys & Girls Clubs added new gang prevention sites, gang intervention 
sites, and ``Targeted Reintegration'' sites where clubs work to provide 
services to youth returning to the community from juvenile correctional 
facilities to prevent them from returning to gangs and violence. A 
national evaluation of the Gang Prevention Through Targeted Outreach 
Program was completed in FY 2001. The evaluation, conducted by Public/
Private Ventures, Inc., concluded in part that ``participants 
demonstrated positive change'' and that ``the clubs were successful in 
reaching an underserved, high-risk population through direct outreach 
and referral-network-building activities.'' In FY 2002, the Boys & 
Girls Clubs of America will identify and support up to 30 new gang 
prevention sites. Evaluation of the Targeted Reintegration program 
component may also begin in FY 2002. In addition, the Boys & Girls 
Clubs will jointly sponsor OJJDP's National Youth Gang Symposium in 
June 2002, in partnership with the National Youth Gang Center.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the Boys & 
Girls Clubs of America. No additional applications will be solicited in 
FY 2002.

Law Enforcement Training and Technical Assistance Program

    The Law Enforcement Training and Technical Assistance Program was 
initially funded through a competitive award in 1999 to the 
International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) for a 3-year 
project period. The purpose of the program is to increase the capacity 
of law enforcement and allied professions to address juvenile crime, 
delinquency, and victimization through multiagency system responses to 
school violence; juvenile gang, gun, and drug activity; and serious, 
violent, and chronic juvenile crime. Training workshops and technical 
assistance strengthen existing multiagency collaboration and facilitate 
creation of new partnerships.
    In FY 2001, program activities included 19 workshops for more than 
1,000 participants from 600 jurisdictions in 12 States. In addition, a 
marketing database was developed that allows the program to promote 
each

[[Page 38831]]

individual product by State, via fax, directly to police, sheriffs, 
school administrators, school resource officers, juvenile probation and 
corrections agencies, juvenile mental health service officials, and 
other juvenile justice stakeholders. An OJJDP/IACP Training and 
Technical Assistance Web page was created for the IACP Web site. The 
page includes the training schedule and registration forms for specific 
training sessions and onsite technical assistance.
    In FY 2002, the following deliverables will be provided under this 
program: 18 workshops, 12 onsite technical assistance projects, and 8 
Chief Executive Officer Exchange Forums. Additionally, 1,500 CD-ROMs 
with relevant OJJDP literature and reference materials will be created 
and disseminated among training attendees; a Fact Sheet for OJJDP 
distribution and an article for a professional periodical will be 
written.
    The program will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
International Association of Chiefs of Police. No additional 
applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

National Youth Gang Center

    The proliferation of gang problems over the past two decades led 
OJJDP to develop a comprehensive, coordinated response that involved 
five program components, one of which was implementation and operation 
of the National Youth Gang Center (NYGC). Competitively funded in 1994 
to expand and maintain the body of critical knowledge about youth gangs 
and effective responses to them, NYGC provides support services to the 
National Youth Gang Consortium, composed of Federal agencies with 
responsibilities in this area. NYGC also provides technical assistance 
for OJJDP's Gang-Free Communities Program, Gang-Free Schools Program, 
and Rural Gang Initiative. In FY 2001, NYGC (1) conducted indepth 
analyses of the National Youth Gang Survey results, which track changes 
in gang membership and activity; (2) developed and administered a 
survey of youth gangs in American Indian communities; (3) produced 
timely information on the nature and scope of the youth gang problem; 
(4) continued tracking gang-related legislation at both the State and 
Federal levels; and (5) continued to provide training and technical 
assistance for OJJDP's Gang-Free Communities Program, Gang-Free Schools 
Program, and Rural Gang Initiative.
    With FY 2002 funds, the Center will continue to collect, analyze, 
and disseminate current and comprehensive national-level gang-related 
information. It will continue to assist State and local jurisdictions 
in the collection, analysis, and exchange of information on gang-
related demographics, legislation, literature, research, and promising 
program strategies. The Center will also continue to provide indepth 
technical assistance to grantees of OJJDP gang programs.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
Institute for Intergovernmental Research. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

Technical Assistance to the Gang-Free Schools and Communities 
Initiative

    In FY 2000, OJJDP launched a multisite replication of the OJJDP 
Comprehensive Gang Model and a four-site demonstration program to 
implement the Model and further enhance the Model's school component. 
In FY 2001, the National Youth Gang Center (NYGC) developed a manual to 
assist these communities in conducting the assessment, developed and 
provided these sites with tools and instruments for data collection, 
developed Web-based technical assistance resources for these 
communities, and provided initial gang problem assessment training to 
10 participating sites and followup technical assistance and training 
to 5 of these sites. NYGC also developed a Web page to enable 
unsuccessful applicants to access technical assistance in conducting an 
assessment of the OJJDP Model. In FY 2002, OJJDP will fund NYGC to 
provide training and technical assistance during the implementation 
stages of this initiative in selected communities across the country. 
The National Youth Gang Center is currently providing technical 
assistance on OJJDP's Model to communities involved in OJJDP's Rural 
Gang Initiative and to other OJJDP grantees.
    OJJDP will provide a supplemental award to the National Youth Gang 
Center to provide the technical assistance. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

Delinquency Prevention and Intervention

Assessing Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Disorders Among Juvenile Detainees

    This project, which was funded competitively in 1999, is a major 
longitudinal study assessing alcohol, drug, and mental disorders among 
juveniles in the Cook County Detention Center in Chicago, IL. The 
project has three primary goals: (1) To determine how alcohol, drug, 
and mental disorders develop over time among juvenile detainees; (2) to 
investigate whether juvenile detainees receive needed psychiatric 
services after their cases reach disposition (whether they return to 
the community or are incarcerated); and (3) to study the development 
and interrelationship of dangerous and risky behaviors related to 
violence, substance use, and HIV/AIDS. This project is unique because 
the sample is so large: it includes 1,829 youth from Chicago who were 
arrested and originally interviewed between 1995 and 1998. The sample 
is stratified by gender, race (African American, Hispanic, non-Hispanic 
white), and age. Initial interviews have been completed, and extensive 
archival data (e.g., arrest and incarceration history, health and 
mental health treatment) have been collected on each subject. The 
investigators have been tracking the subjects, and they have completed 
several sets of followup interviews. A significant number of subject 
deaths, virtually all of them linked to violence (e.g., gunshot 
wounds), have already occurred. The large sample size has provided 
sufficient statistical power to study the prevalence of co-occurring 
disorders. Researchers are preparing an OJJDP Bulletin that compares 
subjects' self-reported substance use with the results of urine screens 
conducted shortly after arrest.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, 
Northwestern University. No additional applications will be solicited 
in FY 2002.

Comprehensive Children and Families Mental Health Training and 
Technical Assistance

    OJJDP has entered into an interagency agreement with the Center for 
Mental Health Services (CMHS) of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health 
Services Administration to support the CMHS-funded Comprehensive Mental 
Health sites. CMHS currently funds 45 sites, a technical assistance 
provider, and an evaluation. OJJDP funds are used to support the 
juvenile justice specialist member of the technical assistance team, 
which also includes child welfare, mental health, education, and parent 
specialists. This team oversees technical assistance to the sites and 
coordinates technical assistance to meet their needs. The juvenile 
justice specialist responsibilities include efforts to assist with the 
development of increased coordination between the juvenile justice and 
mental health systems in the 45 sites.
    This initiative will be implemented through an interagency 
agreement with CMHS. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 
2002.

[[Page 38832]]

Evaluation of the Truancy Reduction Demonstration Program

    OJJDP currently funds seven sites that are implementing truancy 
reduction programs. Grantees include Contra Costa, CA; Honolulu, HI; 
Houston, TX; Jacksonville, FL; King County, WA; Suffolk County, NY; and 
Tacoma, WA. OJJDP also funds the Colorado Foundation for Families and 
Children (CFFC) to conduct the national evaluation of the Truancy 
Reduction Demonstration Program. As part of the evaluation, CFFC is 
working with the sites to (1) determine how community collaboration can 
reduce truancy and lead to systemic reform and (2) assist OJJDP in 
developing a community collaborative truancy reduction program model 
and identifying the essential elements of that model. To that end, CFFC 
continues to assist project sites to identify and document the nature 
of the truancy problem in their communities, enhance effective truancy 
reduction planning and collaboration, and incorporate that process into 
the implementation of the Truancy Reduction Demonstration Program at 
each site. In addition, CFFC is assisting sites in collecting 
information on truant youth and documenting services.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
Colorado Foundation for Families and Children. No additional 
applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Integrated Information Sharing To Prevent Juvenile Delinquency: A 
Training and Technical Assistance Approach

    The Integrated Information Sharing To Prevent Juvenile Delinquency: 
A Training and Technical Assistance Approach project was established in 
FY 2001 under a competitive 2-year cooperative agreement between OJJDP 
and the Center for Non-Profit Development/Center for Network 
Development (CND). The project is designed to launch OJJDP's integrated 
information-sharing (IIS) effort. CND works to increase the capacity of 
State and local collaboratives to establish and manage effective 
multidisciplinary, multiagency information-sharing systems; support 
proactive solutions to juvenile delinquency; and improve coordination, 
decisionmaking, and services to at-risk youth and their families.
    Under this cooperative agreement, CND has completed several key 
tasks to accomplish the project's goals. The results of a national 
training needs assessment survey and focus group meeting influenced the 
content of instructional materials for regional training workshops 
scheduled for FY 2001 and FY 2002. Similarly, a curriculum design team 
has outlined particular training modules and engaged practitioners at 
various levels of experience with IIS systems to critique the designs 
and discuss the challenges, barriers, and solutions to building 
effective partnerships and planning and implementing IIS systems.
    In FY 2001, CND collected lists of collaborative groups interested 
in enhancing IIS efforts from OJJDP program managers and added these 
lists to the IIS database. The national training needs assessment was 
developed and mailed to 953 youth-focused collaborative practitioners 
interested in developing and/or enhancing an IIS system.
    In FY 2002, the final year of this 2-year project, CND will 
continue developing, marketing, and piloting level 1 and level 2 
trainings, providing followup assistance, and evaluating the 
application of knowledge and skills gained in the trainings to improve 
IIS's collaborative performance.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the Center 
for Non-Profit Development/Center for Network Development. No 
additional applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Intergenerational Transmission of Antisocial Behavior

    The purpose of the Intergenerational Transmission of Antisocial 
Behavior study is to examine the development of childhood antisocial 
behavior in a three-generation prospective panel study by making the 
children of the current participants in the OJJDP-sponsored Rochester 
(NY) Youth Development Study the focal subjects of a new long-term 
study. Forty percent of the original Rochester participants were 
parents by age 21. The Youth Development Study began in 1986. The new 
study is being funded under an FY 1998 interagency agreement with the 
National Institute of Mental Health. The grantee will combine data on 
the original study's participants and their parents with new data on 
the children of the original participants. The combined data will 
enable researchers to examine and track the development of delinquent 
behavior across three generations in a particularly high-risk sample. 
The results of the study should provide useful findings that will have 
policy implications for prevention programs. In FY 2002, the program 
will continue data collection.
    The project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
University at Albany, State University of New York. No additional 
applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Juvenile Defender Training, Technical Assistance, and Resource Center

    The Juvenile Defender Training, Technical Assistance, and Resource 
Center (Juvenile Defender Center), now in its third year of funding 
under a 5-year project period grant, was competitively awarded to the 
American Bar Association (ABA) in FY 1999. The Juvenile Defender Center 
fills a major gap in resources and support for juvenile defenders in 
the United States by providing training and technical assistance 
services. Nationally focused training and technical assistance for 
juvenile defenders did not exist before OJJDP funded the original Due 
Process Advocacy project from 1993 to 1999. Building on that project, 
the Juvenile Defender Center project is designed to facilitate the 
development of a permanent training and technical assistance capability 
for juvenile defenders. Improving the capabilities and skills of 
juvenile defenders strengthens the juvenile justice system and provides 
greater assurance that juveniles charged with delinquency will receive 
the due process and adequate representation they are guaranteed under 
the U.S. Constitution.
    The ABA has competitively selected eight regional centers to 
provide training and technical assistance in their regions. Each year, 
the ABA organizes and holds a National Juvenile Defender Summit that 
brings together juvenile defenders and related practitioners to address 
key issues in juvenile defense work. The ABA operates under a unique 
incentive funding scheme that enables it to receive additional funds 
over a base amount if it raises money in the private sector or obtains 
in-kind services. The ABA has been very successful in raising private 
funds and obtaining donated resources.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
American Bar Association. No additional applications will be solicited 
in FY 2002.

Multisite, Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention 
Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

    In 1992, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' National 
Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) began a study of the long-term 
efficacy of stimulant medication and intensive behavioral and 
educational treatment for children with attention deficit/hyperactivity 
disorder (ADHD). Although ADHD is classified as a childhood disorder, 
up to 70 percent of affected children continue to experience

[[Page 38833]]

symptoms in adolescence and adulthood. Researchers at six primary study 
sites and three subcontractor sites are following children in the three 
treatment groups (medication management only, behavioral treatment, and 
a combination of medication and behavioral treatment) and a control 
group (community care).
    OJJDP's participation in the study, which began in FY 1998, 
supports continued investigation into the subjects' aggressive and 
delinquent behavior and contact with the legal system, including 
arrest, detention, and incarceration. In FY 2002, OJJDP will transfer 
funds to NIMH through an interagency agreement that will support the 
collection of data related to subjects' delinquent and criminal 
behavior and contact with the juvenile justice system.
    This program will be implemented through an interagency agreement 
with the National Institute of Mental Health. No additional 
applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

National Youth Court Center

    OJJDP established the National Youth Court Center (NYCC) in 1999 to 
provide intensive training, technical assistance, data collection, and 
considerable programmatic resources to strengthen statewide and local 
youth court initiatives. NYCC supports the establishment of youth 
courts consistent with effective design elements for the purposes of 
preventing delinquency and holding young people accountable for their 
delinquent and criminal behavior within the context of constructive 
peer group community sanctions. Youth courts are programs where 
juvenile offenders are adjudicated and sentenced by their peers. These 
programs are rapidly becoming an integral component of the juvenile 
justice system in communities across America.
    OJJDP is the lead Federal agency responsible for supporting the 
national youth court movement, with the U.S. Department of 
Transportation providing a small amount of support through an annual 
interagency agreement. With more than 800 programs currently operating 
and hundreds of jurisdictions planning to develop programs, youth 
courts have experienced tremendous growth in the past few years.
    Accomplishments of the project to date include publication of 
National Youth Court Guidelines, which provides programmatic blueprints 
for operating effective youth court programs; National Youth Court 
Directory, which provides the largest and most accurate listing of 
youth court programs in the United States; and A Street Law Curriculum 
for Youth Courts. NYCC also has (1) developed a comprehensive youth 
court Web site and a national youth court center newsletter that offer 
the most comprehensive and up-to-date information on youth courts, (2) 
provided onsite technical assistance to jurisdictions in support of 
local or statewide youth court development efforts, (3) launched a 
national lawyer/law student recruitment campaign (a nationwide 
initiative linking lawyers and law students with local youth court 
programs), and (4) published Youth Court and Balanced and Restorative 
Justice.
    In FY 2002, NYCC will produce three instructional videos about 
youth court benefits, responsibilities, and training for volunteer 
jurors. NYCC will also develop a training Web site to aid youth 
volunteers in preparing for their cases online. New documents will 
include a manual for a 10-week training program for youth volunteers; 
instructor's guides for adult volunteers who train volunteer youth; a 
daily operations handbook that will serve as a resource guide for 
coordinators of youth court programs; a ``road map to youth court,'' 
designed to teach those in the legal community about youth court; and a 
community service workbook that will teach program coordinators to set 
up task- and service-oriented community service projects for youthful 
offenders. Educational community service modules for youthful offenders 
will be designed around the most common victim issues and alcohol and 
marijuana offenses handled in youth court.
    Training events for FY 2002 include a national youth court 
conference and a ``train the trainers'' session that will prepare one 
person from each State as the key State trainer for both the community 
service education and student membership training programs. Public 
education campaigns also will be developed and launched in FY 2002.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
American Probation and Parole Association with a subgrant to the 
American Bar Association. No additional applications will be solicited 
in FY 2002.

Pathways to Desistance: A Prospective Study of Serious Adolescent 
Offenders

    In FY 2001, OJJDP, along with the Centers for Disease Control and 
Prevention and several private foundations, provided funding for the 
first year of data collection for the Pathways to Desistance study. 
This multisite, longitudinal, collaborative research project follows 
approximately 1,200 serious juvenile offenders from adolescence to 
young adulthood. Interviews are conducted regularly with these youth 
and their family members and friends for several years following their 
involvement with the court for felony-level offenses. The aims of the 
investigation are to (1) identify initial patterns of desistance from 
antisocial activity in serious adolescent offenders, (2) describe the 
role of social context and developmental changes in promoting positive 
behavioral change, and (3) compare the effects of sanctions and 
interventions in promoting positive change and desistance from criminal 
behavior. The larger goals of the study are to improve decisionmaking 
by court and social services personnel and to clarify policy debate 
about dispositional alternatives for serious adolescent offenders. The 
project is anticipated to last at least 3 years. In FY 2002, OJJDP, in 
conjunction with the U.S. Department of Justice's National Institute of 
Justice, the William T. Grant Foundation, the Robert Wood Johnson 
Foundation, and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, will 
support the project's second year of data collection.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
University of Pittsburgh. No additional applications will be solicited 
in FY 2002.

Technical Assistance for the Title V Community Prevention Programs

    The purpose of this project is to provide OJJDP with the capacity 
to provide communities with training and technical assistance support 
for implementation of the Title V Community Prevention Grants program. 
The contract was awarded in FY 2000 through a competitive process. The 
contractor will continue to provide nationwide training and technical 
assistance for State and local jurisdictions on developing and 
implementing comprehensive communitywide, data-based delinquency 
prevention strategies. Through training and technical assistance, 
community leaders develop the knowledge and skills necessary to assess 
local risk factors for and protective factors against delinquency and 
to address risk factors using community resources. To build training 
capacity within States and national regions, instruction on data-based, 
risk- and protection-focused prevention will be provided for trainers.
    This project will be implemented by the current contractor, 
Development Services Group, Inc. No additional applications will be 
solicited in FY 2002.

[[Page 38834]]

Truancy Reduction Demonstration Program

    In FY 1998, OJJDP, the Executive Office for Weed and Seed, and the 
U.S. Department of Education supported a grant program to reduce 
truancy. The Truancy Reduction Demonstration Program is a comprehensive 
program designed to combine education, justice and law enforcement, 
social services, and community resources to identify and track truant 
youth and cooperatively design and implement comprehensive systemwide 
programs to meet the needs of these youth. The four components of the 
Truancy Reduction Program are (1) system reform and accountability, (2) 
a service continuum to address the needs of truant children and 
adolescents, (3) data collection and evaluation, and (4) a community 
prevention education and awareness program for kindergarten through 
grade 12. OJJDP has awarded grants to seven sites to implement the 
comprehensive truancy program. Three were non-Weed and Seed (Honolulu, 
HI; Jacksonville, FL; and King County, WA), and four were Weed and Seed 
sites (Houston, TX; Martinez, CA; Tacoma, WA; and Yaphank, NY). 
Operation Weed and Seed is a two-pronged strategy within the Office of 
Justice Programs (OJP) that seeks to prevent, control, and reduce 
violent crime, drug abuse, and gang activity in targeted high-crime 
neighborhoods.
    All the truancy reduction sites are in the implementation phase of 
the program. Examples of the program strategies include the following: 
case managers conducting home visits, attendance monitoring, tutoring, 
and case management referral of youth and families to community 
agencies for needed services. In FY 2001, the Truancy Reduction Program 
served approximately 2,085 students and 1,180 families. The Colorado 
Foundation for Families and Children is conducting a process evaluation 
that will help to identify key elements of an effective truancy 
program.
    The current grantees (Honolulu, HI; Houston, TX; Jacksonville, FL; 
King County, WA; Martinez, CA; Tacoma, WA; and Yaphank, NY) will 
continue to carry out the truancy activities. No additional 
applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Strengthening the Juvenile Justice System

Accountability-Based Training for Staff in Juvenile Confinement 
Facilities

    The Accountability-Based Training for Staff in Juvenile Confinement 
Facilities program, provided through the National Juvenile Detention 
Association's (NJDA's) Center for Research and Professional Development 
(CRPD), offers extensive training that enhances the ability of staff in 
juvenile confinement facilities around the country to handle and care 
for confined youth. OJJDP has funded this program for 6 years to enable 
staff working in secure facilities to avail themselves of state-of-the-
art training. With OJJDP's support, CRPD has provided more than 101,600 
training hours to line staff in juvenile justice facilities and 
programs in 33 States. In addition to training through CRPD, NJDA 
provides comprehensive technical assistance to State and local juvenile 
detention centers that are experiencing problems with their operations.
    During FY 2002, CRPD will continue to provide onsite training and 
technical assistance to direct care staff in juvenile confinement and 
custody facilities with the existing materials and curriculums. CRPD 
also will develop and pilot a new 40-hour curriculum, ``BARJ-ing into 
Juvenile Confinement: Practical Application of BARJ [Balanced And 
Restorative Justice] Principles for Line Staff'; develop advanced 
training curriculums in the areas of suicide prevention and management 
of mentally ill residents; and revise the curriculum for juvenile 
detention careworkers.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
National Juvenile Detention Association, Center for Research and 
Professional Development. No additional applications will be solicited 
in FY 2002.

Balanced and Restorative Justice

    OJJDP established the Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ) 
training and technical assistance project in FY 1992 by awarding funds 
to Florida Atlantic University to provide training, technical 
assistance, and guidelines on implementing the BARJ model, which 
encourages the juvenile justice system to address three goals equally: 
(1) Ensuring community safety, (2) holding offenders accountable to 
victims, and (3) promoting competency development for offenders in the 
juvenile justice system so they are equipped to pursue noncriminal 
lines of work after release. The project is national in scope. However, 
to use limited resources efficiently, BARJ technical assistance works 
with seven ``special emphasis'' States (California, Florida, Illinois, 
Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, and Texas) and with several local 
jurisdictions across the Nation to help them plan and implement BARJ. 
The project also works with key justice system and community leaders to 
clarify BARJ concepts and to seek their help in advancing BARJ goals 
and activities.
    In FY 2001, the BARJ project developed, helped organize, or 
participated in more than 40 major training and technical assistance 
events on restorative justice. BARJ roundtables provided training and 
technical assistance to teams of juvenile justice managers and 
practitioners from the seven special emphasis States. In addition, the 
project has updated its instructional materials for the BARJ courses 
and produced new reference publications on restorative justice. The 
project also publishes a quarterly BARJ newsletter, Kaleidoscope of 
Justice.
    In FY 2002, the BARJ project will conduct the BARJ Academy 
workshops, the introduction to restorative justice and training for 
trainers courses, and a graduate BARJ trainers conference. The project 
will develop new training courses on restorative justice in schools, 
training of trainers for group conferencing, and strategic BARJ 
management. One or more specialized workshops on selected BARJ topics 
are also planned. The project plans to present workshops at national 
and regional conferences sponsored by groups representing judges, 
prosecutors, probation and corrections personnel, law enforcement, 
victims advocates, child welfare practitioners, and others. Resource 
documents will be developed, and the program's existing training 
materials and Web site will be updated.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
Florida Atlantic University. No additional applications will be 
solicited in FY 2002.

Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement

    The Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement (CJRP) collects 
individual-level data on all juveniles in residential placement on a 
specific reference day (the fourth Wednesday in October). The data 
elements collected include each offender's age, sex, race, placing 
agency, legal status, and most serious offense. Because this project is 
a census, it allows for State-level reporting of juveniles in 
residential placement. The census is mailed to all facilities that can 
and do hold juvenile offenders for reasons of the offense. Personnel 
report on all offenders younger than 21 years old residing in their 
facilities on the reference day. The facilities also provide some basic 
information on any other persons who do not fit these criteria. CJRP 
was first conducted in October 1997 and again in October 1999. In 2002, 
the Census Bureau will continue to conduct the work of the 2001 CJRP,

[[Page 38835]]

including data collection, data editing, data inputting, and data file 
preparation.
    This program will be implemented through an existing interagency 
agreement with the Bureau of the Census. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

Center for Students With Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System

    During FY 1999, OJJDP undertook a joint initiative with the Office 
of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, U.S. Department of 
Education, to establish a Center for Students With Disabilities in the 
Juvenile Justice System. This project is expected to improve the 
juvenile justice system's services for students with disabilities in 
the areas of prevention, educational services, and reintegration based 
on a combination of research, training, and technical assistance. The 
Center guides and assists States, schools, juvenile justice programs, 
families, and communities in designing, implementing, and evaluating 
comprehensive educational programs, based on research-validated 
practices, for students with disabilities in the juvenile justice 
system.
    This program will be implemented under an existing 5-year 
interagency agreement with the U.S. Department of Education by the 
current grantee, the University of Maryland. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

Improving Juvenile Sanctioning: An Intensive Training and Technical 
Assistance Delivery Program

    The purpose of this program is to improve the capacity of the 
juvenile justice system by providing intensive training and technical 
assistance to at least 10 selected jurisdictions to strengthen and 
enhance existing juvenile accountability-based sanctioning programs and 
to support development of new ones, within the context of community-
based programs that support competency development in youth. The 
primary target population for this program is youthful offenders who 
could be referred by law enforcement, schools, or juvenile courts to 
community-managed alternatives to detention and secure confinement. The 
program's goal is to create or improve juvenile accountability-based 
programs at the front end of the continuum, while enhancing the 
competencies and skills of youth and strengthening the juvenile justice 
system's capability to respond appropriately to delinquent behavior.
    This project, initially funded in FY 2001 through a competitive 
solicitation, is designed as a 5-year project.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges. No additional 
applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Intensive Community-Based Juvenile Aftercare Dissemination and 
Technical Assistance Program

    This initiative supports replication of, training and technical 
assistance for, and information dissemination about the Intensive 
Aftercare Program (IAP) model, which was implemented in three 
competitively selected demonstration sites. The overall goal of the IAP 
model is to identify and assist adjudicated juvenile offenders who are 
in secure confinement to make a successful transition to the community 
upon release. An independent evaluation of the IAP demonstration is 
currently underway, with a final report due in the winter of 2002.
    As the demonstration period for the three pilot sites has ended, 
the focus of this initiative has shifted to six distinct areas: (1) 
Replication of the model with emphasis on specialized youth 
populations, (2) linkage with select Performance-Based Standards 
correctional sites, (3) provision of technical assistance to DOL's 
Youth Offender Demonstration sites, (4) provision of technical 
assistance to select Boys & Girls Clubs sites participating in OJJDP's 
Gang Prevention Through Targeted Outreach initiative, (5) creation of a 
national juvenile reintegration and aftercare center, and (6) creation 
of a new Web site.
    This initiative will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
Johns Hopkins University. No additional applications will be solicited 
in FY 2002.

James E. Gould Memorial Program for Training and Technical Assistance 
for Juvenile Corrections and Detention

    OJJDP established the Training and Technical Assistance Program for 
Juvenile Corrections and Detention staff 16 years ago by funding the 
American Correctional Association (ACA) to provide leadership to the 
juvenile justice field through training and technical assistance to 
staff working in juvenile corrections, detention, community 
residential, and nonresidential facilities. ACA conducts an annual 
National Juvenile Corrections and Detention Forum on behalf of OJJDP. 
In addition to the forums, ACA developed a curriculum addressing 
increased privatization in the field of juvenile justice and conducted 
three regional privatization workshops on writing requests for 
proposals, writing good contracts, and monitoring contracts. ACA 
publishes articles on juvenile justice topics in each issue of its 
Corrections Today magazine and recently published a monograph and a 
curriculum on privatization. ACA also provides technical assistance to 
juvenile justice professionals concerning detention and corrections 
issues.
    In FY 2002, the project will continue to coordinate with other 
national juvenile justice organizations to provide technical assistance 
to juvenile justice agencies and will hold the 17th annual National 
Juvenile Corrections and Detention Forum. ACA will update mailing lists 
of both public and private juvenile facilities and develop a listserv 
and Internet service to enhance knowledge and facilitate sharing of 
information among juvenile justice detention and corrections 
professionals. Texts, papers, monographs, and related juvenile 
corrections and detention resource materials will be developed and 
disseminated to the juvenile justice community. Three 3-day regional 
workshops on issues related to privatization and two 1-day national 
workshops that address needs and trends in juvenile corrections and 
detention will be held.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
American Correctional Association. No additional applications will be 
solicited in FY 2002.

Juvenile Justice Prosecution Unit

    OJJDP supports the Juvenile Justice Prosecution Unit's (JJPU's) 
training and technical assistance program for prosecutors under a grant 
to the American Prosecutors Research Institute (APRI), which was first 
awarded in FY 1995. JJPU develops and presents training workshops to 
chief prosecutors, juvenile unit chiefs, and deputy district attorneys 
assigned to juvenile courts. The training deals with leadership roles 
of prosecutors in the juvenile justice system, handling of juvenile 
delinquency cases, and significant juvenile justice issues that are of 
concern to prosecutors. Approximately six training workshops are held 
annually, and curriculums and appropriate reference materials are 
developed for each training event.
    In FY 2001, APRI developed and presented two workshops on 
disproportionate minority confinement (DMC); conducted five JUMPSTART 
courses for newly assigned juvenile prosecutors, several short 
workshops at the National Juvenile Justice Conference, a course on 
juvenile justice prosecution for prosecutor coordinators,

[[Page 38836]]

and a serious and violent offender workshop; and created two new 
workshops for prosecutors on balanced and restorative justice and 
interdisciplinary issues. The training and technical assistance 
materials developed by APRI include curriculums and topical resource 
guides for the courses offered. In addition, APRI developed a Web page, 
continued updating the Compendium of Juvenile Programs for Prosecutors, 
and produced four In Re newsletters.
    In FY 2002, APRI will provide training (including two new courses) 
and technical assistance to new groups of prosecutors. APRI will 
provide a Webcast for prosecutors, conduct five JUMPSTART courses, and 
present a juvenile justice prosecution track at the National Juvenile 
Justice Conference. The project will continue updating its training 
curriculums and materials, including its Web page, and preparing new 
training and resource documents. The project also will keep prosecutors 
informed on developments in restorative justice and expand the 
Compendium of Juvenile Programs for Prosecutors as new programs are 
reported from the field.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
American Prosecutors Research Institute. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

Juvenile Residential Facility Census

    OJJDP designed the Juvenile Residential Facility Census (JRFC) to 
collect important information on facility characteristics, services 
provided to residents in the facility, and the conditions within the 
facility. Similar to the Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement, 
JRFC is a biennial census of residential facilities used by the 
juvenile justice system to hold youth accused of or adjudicated for an 
offense. The data collection forms are mailed to each facility for 
personnel to complete. The JRFC collects information on the 
availability of health care services, mental health counseling or 
treatment, substance abuse treatment, and education and on youth's 
access to the particular services they need. The JRFC also asks 
specific questions about the nature of the facility itself, 
specifically about the conditions of confinement, the number of beds 
used (including makeshift beds), and the use of isolation or 
restraints. Finally, the JRFC collects information on any deaths in 
custody, a subject on which OJJDP must report annually. The first full 
JRFC was conducted in October 2000. In FY 2002, the Census Bureau will 
prepare for the second full implementation of the JRFC, mail out the 
necessary forms, and begin full data collection.
    This project will be conducted through an interagency agreement 
with the Bureau of the Census, Governments Division and Statistical 
Research Division. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 
2002.

Longitudinal Study To Examine the Development of Conduct Disorder in 
Girls

    The purpose of this project, which is being funded under an FY 1999 
interagency agreement between OJJDP and the National Institute of 
Mental Health, is to examine the development of conduct disorder in a 
sample of 2,500 inner-city girls who are ages 6-8 at the beginning of 
the study. The study will follow the girls annually for 5 years and 
will provide information that is critical to the understanding of the 
etiology, comorbidity, and prognosis of conduct disorder in girls. 
Delinquency in girls has been steadily increasing over the past decade, 
and a better understanding of developmental processes in girls will 
help identify effective means of prevention and provide direction for 
juvenile justice responses to delinquent girls. In FY 2002, the program 
will continue data collection.
    The project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
University of Pittsburgh. No additional applications will be solicited 
in FY 2002.

Meta-Analysis Project

    In FY 2001, Vanderbilt University began a program to update a 
significant existing database of juvenile justice program evaluations 
and to provide various meta-analyses of the data for OJJDP. Meta-
analysis is defined as ``a statistical analysis that combines or 
integrates the results of several independent clinical trials 
considered by the analyst to be combinable.''\1\ This technique creates 
a larger research framework to make broad generalizations about, for 
example, the impact of specific types of interventions on different 
types of outcomes. Meta-analysis allows for the results of small, weak, 
and/or methodologically flawed studies to be combined and reanalyzed. 
Vanderbilt University has created a database that contains data from 
more than 500 published and unpublished studies of programs involving a 
wide range of treatments and services. Each study is codified using 156 
variables, including characteristics of the study, types of 
interventions, and measures of outcomes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ Huque, M.F. 1988. Experiences with meta-analysis in NDA 
submissions. Proceedings of the Biopharmaceutical Section of the 
American Statistical Association 2:28-33.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In FY 2001, the project was updated to include approximately 100 
new studies that were completed in the past several years. In FY 2002, 
the study will expand the analysis to include different measures of 
outcomes and recidivism. The resulting series of reports will be made 
available to juvenile justice practitioners and policymakers.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantee, Vanderbilt 
University. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

National Census and Survey of Juvenile Probation

    In FY 2001, OJJDP entered into an interagency agreement with George 
Mason University (GMU) to develop and test a new survey and census of 
juvenile probation. OJJDP worked with the U.S. Bureau of the Census's 
Center for Survey Methods Research to develop this project; the GMU 
team will complete the work. The project consists of developing 
questionnaires for both a census and a survey of juvenile probation. 
GMU will also fully test the questionnaires in cooperation with the 
data collection agency, the U.S. Bureau of the Census.
    This project will be conducted through an interagency agreement 
with George Mason University. No additional applications will be 
solicited in FY 2002.

National Evaluation of the Performance-based Standards Project

    OJJDP funded the National Academy of Public Administration (NAPA) 
to conduct an independent evaluation of OJJDP's Performance-based 
Standards (PbS) Project. This formative evaluation provides feedback to 
the PbS project development team on how to improve the program design 
and implementation supports to the sites. The evaluation is collecting 
both quantitative and qualitative data describing the processes used to 
implement the PbS model in 80 juvenile detention and correctional 
facilities across the country. To date, the evaluator has completed a 
chronicle that tracks major program decisions and improvements. In 
addition to conducting two all-site surveys, the evaluator also has 
contributed to the conceptualization and design of key program 
elements, including the Program Monitoring System, the expansion of the 
program to reintegration outcomes, and the migration of the project to 
integrate with agencies' management information systems (MISs), and has 
developed materials for meeting privacy and

[[Page 38837]]

human subjects issues. A new focus of the evaluation is to develop six 
case studies to capture in depth the process of a facility's journey 
from initiation to institutionalization of PbS in its day-to-day 
operations.
    As the PbS project expands in FY 2002 to include community-based 
correctional functions and deals with the launching of an MIS 
integrated system, it will be necessary to continue to independently 
review the work, both to chronicle its development and to capture, 
through the case studies and surveys, how the innovations are being 
carried out in the field.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
National Academy of Public Administration. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

National Juvenile Justice Data Analysis Project

    First funded in FY 1999 under a competitive process, the National 
Juvenile Justice Data Analysis Project (NJJDAP) provides research into 
and analysis of a wide variety of juvenile justice issues, including 
juvenile placement, custody, arrests, victimization, and juvenile 
offending. However, the topics of interest to juvenile professionals 
are not limited to these issues. As research expands, the field learns 
more about the intersections of delinquency and other problems, such as 
mental health disorders, education needs, and physical injury. 
Attention to these problems can help the field design effective 
prevention or intervention measures and identify what problems the 
juvenile justice system will face in dealing with delinquent youth. 
NJJDAP will examine such issues of concern through cooperation with 
experts in the fields of interest and with data collected in those 
fields. This project produces quick, unique analyses of these issues 
for publication by OJJDP.
    In FY 2002, NJJDAP will expand its roster of available consultants 
who can provide either expertise in data analysis or knowledge of 
particular aspects of adolescent development, juvenile delinquency, or 
the juvenile justice system. NJJDAP will also investigate innovative 
data sets at the State and local levels.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
National Center for Juvenile Justice. No additional applications will 
be solicited in FY 2002.

National Juvenile Justice Program Directory

    To conduct statistical projects, OJJDP and the Census Bureau 
require a support infrastructure that enables both to perform the 
necessary survey tasks efficiently and effectively. This infrastructure 
includes as a basic component the maintenance of a list or frame of all 
survey or sampling units. For example, the surveying of residential 
facilities could not take place without a list of such facilities. 
Indeed, as OJJDP moves toward surveying these facilities once a year, 
this list must be maintained continuously. Also, as the Office moves 
toward surveying juvenile probation offices, OJJDP and the Census 
Bureau will need a current list of all such offices in the United 
States. Other areas of interest might include juvenile courts, police 
departments, and State agencies. Maintenance of the lists includes 
contacting various key State and local officials or practitioners, who 
can provide the names of agencies or facilities associated with their 
respective agencies. It also requires maintaining current contact 
information for these agencies or facilities. Finally, it requires 
developing and updating a database of these facilities that contains 
information necessary for sampling or stratification purposes. This 
project fills the needs for lists of juvenile agencies, programs, and 
facilities.
    This project will be conducted through an interagency agreement 
with the Bureau of the Census, Governments Division. No additional 
applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

National Juvenile Sex Offenders Training Project

    The purpose of this program is to develop and deliver training to 
police, intake workers, school counselors, detention line staff, 
judges, prosecutors, and other juvenile justice personnel to increase 
the accuracy of information in the field about juvenile sex offending. 
The availability of accurate information will lead to improved 
prevention, intervention, and treatment services for the youth 
population. The dissemination of knowledge that specifically deals with 
juvenile sex offender issues will help ensure that the drafting and 
implementation of any policy or legislation on this issue are based on 
accurate and timely information, focus on juvenile offenders, and use 
juvenile-based research rather than adult research, which is often 
erroneously applied to young people.
    Project staff and other subject matter experts within the Office of 
Justice Programs will collaborate to develop a matrix that identifies 
and categorizes the major portals of entry (e.g., youth-serving 
agencies and organizations, schools) for children with sexual behavior 
problems and juvenile sex offenders. In the first year of this project, 
training goals and objectives will be developed and curriculums will be 
written in collaboration with juvenile justice personnel. The next step 
will establish the priority for testing and delivering training to the 
range of personnel working with sex offending youth. In the final year 
of the project, it is anticipated that curriculums will have been 
developed for all identified portals of entry that work with juvenile 
sex offenders and current knowledge will have been disseminated that 
impacts the ongoing treatment and handling of these youth.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
University of Oklahoma. No additional applications will be solicited in 
FY 2002.

National Longitudinal Survey of Youth

    Since 1997, OJJDP has supported the U.S. Department of Labor's 
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) as it conducts the National 
Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY). Using a nationally representative 
sample, the survey questions youth who were in the eighth grade in 1997 
about their school experiences, family background, and employment. NLSY 
will provide critical information on these young people's transition 
from school to work. With OJJDP support, BLS includes a wide battery of 
questions on delinquency (such as theft and assault) and problem 
behaviors (such as alcohol and tobacco use). Because the NLSY follows 
the same youth each year, the data from this effort will provide 
important national information on the onset of delinquency, trends in 
offending, and correlation with other factors such as family, school, 
and health. So far, the NLSY project has collected four waves of data 
(one each year). The fourth wave will be released in 2002. OJJDP 
expects to continue contributing to this effort until the sampled youth 
have reached young adulthood.
    This project will be conducted through an interagency agreement 
with the Bureau of Labor Statistics. No additional applications will be 
solicited in FY 2002.

National Training and Technical Assistance for Effective Juvenile 
Detention and Corrections Practices

    Since FY 1996, OJJDP has funded the National Juvenile Detention 
Association's (NJDA's) National Training and Technical Assistance for 
Effective Juvenile Detention and Corrections Practices project 
(Overcrowding Project) to combat overcrowding in the Nation's juvenile

[[Page 38838]]

detention facilities. The Overcrowding Project is an intensive, onsite 
training and technical assistance program that assists selected 
jurisdictions in reducing overcrowding in their juvenile detention 
facilities. NJDA and the Youth Law Center, a partner in the project, 
have considerable experience with juvenile facility overcrowding. The 
original Overcrowding Project is being broadened significantly to 
include a greater emphasis on capacity building to achieve meaningful 
systemic reform and to incorporate nationally recognized operational 
``best practices'' within juvenile confinement facilities.
    Accomplishments during previous grant years included (1) providing 
intensive technical assistance to Camden County, NJ; Oklahoma County, 
OK; Santa Cruz County, CA; and the States of Rhode Island and South 
Carolina and (2) providing technical assistance to juvenile detention 
or corrections systems in Arkansas, Illinois, Louisiana, Michigan, 
Nebraska, Nevada, and Ohio. In addition, the project developed and 
delivered a jurisdictional team training curriculum on overcrowding to 
five jurisdictions. It also helped develop and produce OJJDP's national 
videoconference on overcrowding in juvenile detention facilities and 
eight major training and technical assistance documents.
    During FY 2002, the Overcrowding Project will expand its focus to 
address broader systemic issues through delivery of intensive technical 
assistance to six to eight new jurisdictions. This effort will be 
supported by a partnership with OJJDP and the Annie E. Casey 
Foundation, which will focus on development of a strategy for 
initiating a national juvenile detention reform movement. The project 
also will coordinate with and complete intensive technical assistance 
to the West Virginia Division of Juvenile Justice.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
National Juvenile Detention Association. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

Performance-based Standards Project

    To date, the Performance-based Standards (PbS) project has 
developed an integrated set of goals, performance standards, outcome 
measures, and implementation tools to help facilities improve in six 
key areas of operations: safety, order, security, programming, health/
mental health, and justice. Participating sites submit data on 96 
outcome measures at 6-month intervals via a secure Internet Web site 
(www.performance-standards.org), and the results are fed back to the 
PbS sites within a month of data closeout. The Council of Juvenile 
Correctional Administrators (CJCA) has worked very closely with the 
juvenile corrections field in developing and testing a program that 
focuses on accountability, performance, and attainment of measurable 
goals. Currently, more than 80 juvenile detention and correctional 
facilities from 23 States are participating in the PbS project. Five 
State youth corrections agencies are implementing PbS agencywide.
    FY 2002 funding will support implementation of significant 
innovations in the program that have been under design, development, 
and testing during the past 2 years. Full implementation will include 
revisions of the data collection instruments for youth and staff, 
specifically the incorporation of survey items that track the national 
Survey of Youth in Residential Placement; implementation of the 
reintegration standards and outcome measures currently being tested in 
three States; and testing and implementation of an MIS-integrated 
system that will allow facilities to track performance on a daily 
basis, rather than at 6-month intervals, as is currently the case. In 
addition, the scope of the project will expand to include community-
based correctional functions as an extension of the work on 
reintegration standards and also will enable the project to increase 
the number of participating sites.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators. No additional 
applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Survey of Youth in Residential Placement

    The first national Survey of Youth in Residential Placement (SYRP) 
will interview a sample of 10,000 youth in residential placement. It 
will be conducted in March and April 2003 and will use audio-assisted 
computerized interviews. The survey will collect critical research 
information on youth history with the justice system, family life, 
education, and current treatment needs.
    SYRP will follow up on the FY 1998 Planning for the Survey of Youth 
in Residential Placement cooperative agreement with Westat, Inc. That 
project developed the data collection instrument, the sampling scheme, 
and an analysis plan. The planning project also extensively tested the 
questions used in the instrument, the computer-assisted interviewing 
method, and the complete instrument and survey methodology in a sample 
of 40 facilities in a specific geographic region of the country. The 
new project will implement the finalized Audio-Computer Assisted Survey 
Instrument (A-CASI) and produce a report based on the data collected.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Westat, 
Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Systems Improvement Training and Technical Assistance

    In FY 2000, OJJDP continued funding to the Institute for 
Educational Leadership (IEL) for training and technical assistance 
programs that strengthen and sustain the capacity of SafeFutures and 
Safe Kids/Safe Streets demonstration sites and selected other 
communities to assist them with changing their systems. The project 
seeks to help sites (1) address their system goals and effectively 
address challenges, (2) educate and inform other communities and the 
juvenile justice field about how they can more effectively pursue 
community-based systems reform, (3) enhance the skills of community and 
staff leadership so they can better sort through the complexities of 
systems reform, and (4) build the overall capacity of the selected 
sites to engage in strategic planning, develop policies and programs, 
and build community collaboratives to address specific substantive 
challenges and achieve measurable results.
    Since the project was awarded, IEL has established a pool of 
consultants with expertise in systems improvement; developed useful 
resources for communities addressing issues critical to systems 
improvement, including using data effectively, achieving 
sustainability, and building consumer capacity and cultural competence; 
and provided assistance to several OJJDP comprehensive initiatives.
    In FY 2002, OJJDP will continue to fund the project to further 
assist selected OJJDP grantee communities interested in systems reform 
and change and to continue disseminating ``lessons learned'' to other 
communities.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
Institute for Educational Leadership. No additional applications will 
be solicited in FY 2002.

Training Programs for Juvenile Justice Professionals in Corrections and 
Detention

    The Training Programs for Juvenile Justice Professionals in 
Corrections and Detention, provided by the National Institute of 
Corrections (NIC) through an

[[Page 38839]]

interagency agreement funded by OJJDP, was established in 1990. NIC 
provides a variety of training and technical assistance, primarily 
geared toward supervisors and administrators who work in the juvenile 
justice system. NIC offers comprehensive training courses at its 
academy in Longmont, CO, and at various sites around the country. The 
training program is designed to enhance professional development and 
leadership skills of juvenile justice corrections and detention 
administrators and supervisors. Through this interagency agreement, 
training is also offered on critical elements of aftercare, services 
and programs for juvenile female offenders, restorative justice, 
curriculum design and development, and training for juvenile justice 
agency training coordinators and directors. NIC also provides training 
for newly appointed chief executive officers of juvenile justice 
corrections agencies and new facility directors.
    In FY 2002, NIC will continue to support standards for training 
juvenile justice professionals through its Juvenile Justice Training 
Academy project. This project will also provide technical assistance to 
enhance existing academies and training programs. NIC will conduct 
several regional training sessions and will provide national training 
and workshops at its academy during FY 2002.
    This project will be implemented through an interagency agreement 
between OJJDP and the National Institute of Corrections. No additional 
applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Training and Technical Assistance for National Innovations To Reduce 
Disproportionate Minority Confinement

    States participating in the Formula Grants Program are required to 
determine whether the proportion of minorities in confinement exceeds 
their proportion in the population and, if so, demonstrate efforts to 
reduce it. Research and Evaluation Associates (REA) is one of several 
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) grantees 
with responsibility for support of the Disproportionate Minority 
Confinement (DMC) requirement. This project, funded in FY 2001, follows 
a 3-year grant that supported development of a curriculum for 
policymakers and practitioners on DMC issues.
    In FY 2001, REA developed a set of strategic tools and materials to 
assist jurisdictions to address this issue and managed delivery of 
intensive technical assistance to five selected States (Delaware, 
Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Mexico, and South Carolina). In working 
with the five States, project staff established a protocol for the 
delivery of technical assistance in response to DMC issues, which will 
help States identify and prioritize interventions that provide both an 
immediate and a long-term impact on DMC.
    In FY 2002, the grantee's activities will include identifying and 
training consultants to support the expansion of the intensive 
technical assistance, evaluating the use of the protocol in technical 
assistance delivery, conducting a DMC training of trainers, updating 
the DMC Web site, and continuing to develop strategies and approaches 
that will aid in implementing and monitoring the DMC effort.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Research 
and Evaluation Associates. No additional applications will be solicited 
in FY 2002.

Tribal Youth Training and Technical Assistance Program

    The Tribal Youth Training and Technical Assistance Program was 
established in FY 1997 to provide tribal governments with the 
information and tools necessary to enhance or develop comprehensive, 
system-wide approaches to reduce juvenile delinquency, violence, and 
child victimization and to increase the safety of Indian communities. 
To date, the program has provided training and technical assistance to 
over 700 individuals involved with the improvement, well-being, 
community development, and program design and implementation of 
juvenile justice systems.
    In FY 2002, the Tribal Youth Training and Technical Assistance 
Program will provide the following services: (1) Plan and provide 
support for a national meeting of 40 Tribal Youth Program (TYP) grants; 
(2) plan and provide support for 1 cluster training of 40 TYP grants 
and develop a TYP closeout technical assistance plan; (3) provide on-
site technical assistance for up to 25 TYP grantees; (4) provide 
monthly mailings of all TYP-related updates, announcements, and 
publications; (5) provide national distribution of the technical 
Bulletin and develop the TYP Web site; (6) print and distribute 1,200 
copies of TYP Promising Practices; (7) develop a national database for 
all Alaskan and Native American tribes; (8) and conduct 1 focus group 
meeting on a special topic.
    A new solicitation will be issued and a grant awarded through a 
competitive process in FY 2002.

Child Abuse and Neglect and Dependency Courts

Evaluation of the Parents Anonymous Program

    In FY 2001, OJJDP began this project through a competitive process 
to evaluate the Parents Anonymous program. Parents Anonymous, 
Inc., is a national child abuse prevention program dedicated to family 
strengthening in partnership with local communities. The purpose of the 
evaluation is to assess the implementation and effectiveness of the 
Parents Anonymous program in preventing and treating child 
abuse and neglect. The National Council on Crime and Delinquency is 
conducting this evaluation in two phases. Phase I is an ongoing process 
evaluation that is investigating how the theoretical premises, 
principles, best practices, and model of Parents Anonymous 
are operationalized in a sample of programs selected by the evaluator. 
Phase II will present a preliminary approach to conducting the outcome 
evaluation of the selected programs. This phase will include a detailed 
discussion of the overall design of the outcome evaluation and methods 
for selecting programs and comparison groups, designing and testing 
data collection instruments, and collecting and analyzing data.
    This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
National Council on Crime and Delinquency. No additional applications 
will be solicited in FY 2002.

National Evaluation of the Safe Kids/Safe Streets Program

    OJJDP will continue funding the grant competitively awarded in FY 
1997 to Westat, Inc., Rockville, MD, for the National Evaluation of the 
Safe Kids/Safe Streets Program. The evaluation has three main goals: 
(1) To document and explicate the process of community mobilization, 
planning, and collaboration taking place before and during the Safe 
Kids/Safe Streets award; (2) to inform program staff of performance 
levels on an ongoing basis; and (3) to determine the effectiveness of 
the implemented programs in achieving the goals of the Safe Kids/Safe 
Streets Program. The initial 18-month grant began a process evaluation 
and a feasibility study for a future impact evaluation. With FY 2001 
funding, Westat continued the process evaluation, which focuses on 
tracking the implementation efforts at each of the

[[Page 38840]]

sites, and continued working with local evaluators to develop their 
skills and capacity for program evaluation. With funding in FY 2002, 
Westat will continue the impact evaluation, which includes a pilot 
study of its proposed case tracking procedure.
    This evaluation will be implemented by the current grantee, Westat, 
Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

Research on Child Neglect

    This project is a collaborative effort of several Federal agencies 
concerned with research in the area of child abuse and neglect. The 
National Institutes of Health Child Abuse and Neglect Working Group 
(CANWG) is a consortium of Federal agencies that was formed in 1997. 
CANWG's goals are to assess the state of the science in child abuse and 
neglect, make recommendations for a research agenda, and develop plans 
for future coordination efforts across Federal agencies and institutes. 
In 1998, OJJDP joined CANWG to participate in funding a research 
program focused specifically on child neglect. OJJDP funds are 
supporting two research projects within the overall CANWG research 
program.
    This project will be implemented through the current interagency 
agreement with the National Institutes of Health Child Abuse and 
Neglect Working Group. No additional applications will be solicited in 
FY 2002.

Safe Kids/Safe Streets: Community Approaches to Reducing Abuse and 
Neglect and Preventing Delinquency

    This five and a half-year demonstration is designed to break the 
cycle of early childhood victimization and later delinquency and 
criminality by reducing child and adolescent maltreatment. Several 
components of the Office of Justice Programs joined in FY 1996 to 
develop this coordinated community response program. These components 
provide fiscal and technical support for local efforts to restructure 
and strengthen the justice system and the child welfare, family 
services, education, health, and related systems to be more 
comprehensive and proactive in helping children, adolescents, and their 
families. Safe Kids requires the five funded sites to develop, 
implement, and/or expand cross-agency strategies and to partner with 
natural networks in their communities. OJJDP awarded competitive 
cooperative agreements in FY 1997 to Chittenden County, VT; Huntsville, 
AL; Kansas City, MO; the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians, 
MI; and Toledo, OH. Funds were provided by OJJDP, the Executive Office 
for Weed and Seed, and the Violence Against Women Office. FY 2002 is 
the fifth year of the demonstration project period.
    This demonstration will continue to be implemented in FY 2002 by 
the current grantees: Chittenden County, VT; Huntsville, AL; Kansas 
City, MO; the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians, MI; and 
Toledo, OH. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 2002.

    Dated: May 30, 2002.
J. Robert Flores,
Administrator, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
[FR Doc. 02-14003 Filed 6-4-02; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4410-18-P