[Federal Register Volume 66, Number 60 (Wednesday, March 28, 2001)]
[Notices]
[Pages 17062-17067]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 01-7646]



[[Page 17061]]

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Part VI





Department of Justice





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Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention



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Program Announcement for the Longitudinal Study of Tribal Youth Risk 
and Resiliency; Notice

  Federal Register / Vol. 66 , No. 60 / Wednesday, March 28, 2001 / 
Notices  

[[Page 17062]]


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DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

[OJP(OJJDP)-1311]


Program Announcement for the Longitudinal Study of Tribal Youth 
Risk and Resiliency

AGENCY: Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention, Justice.

ACTION: Notice of solicitation.

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SUMMARY: The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention 
(OJJDP) is requesting applications for the Longitudinal Study of Tribal 
Youth Risk and Resiliency. This solicitation is for a 2-year 
feasibility study that will precede implementation of a longitudinal 
study of tribal youth development and delinquency. The longitudinal 
study will examine risk and protective factors within the cultural and 
historical context of tribal youth. The longitudinal study will provide 
a unique database for examining the development of delinquency and 
problem behavior among tribal youth, and findings will highlight the 
influence of cultural and historical factors on risk for delinquency.

DATES: Applications must be received by June 11, 2001.

ADDRESSES: All application packages should be mailed or delivered to 
the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, c/o Juvenile 
Justice Resource Center, 2277 Research Boulevard, Mail Stop 2K, 
Rockville, MD 20850; 301-519-5535. Faxed or e-mailed applications will 
not be accepted. Interested applicants can obtain the OJJDP Application 
Kit from the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse at 800-638-8736. The 
Application Kit is also available at OJJDP's Web site at 
www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org/grants/2000__app__kit/index.html. (See ``Format'' 
in this program announcement for instructions on application 
standards.)

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Phelan Wyrick, Program Manager, 
Research and Program Development Division, Office of Juvenile Justice 
and Delinquency Prevention, 202-353-9254. [This is not a toll-free 
number.]

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Purpose

    The purpose of the Longitudinal Study of Tribal Youth Risk and 
Resiliency is to develop and ultimately implement a longitudinal study 
of youth development and delinquency that examines risk and protective 
factors within the unique cultural and historical context of tribal 
youth. Through special attention to cultural and historical factors, 
this study will greatly enhance the current understanding of 
individual, family, community, peer, and school factors that influence 
delinquency and resiliency among tribal youth. Further, this project 
will contribute to the development of culturally appropriate research 
methods with tribal populations. The first 2 years of this work will 
consist of a feasibility study to plan and prepare for the actual 
longitudinal study. Based on the outcomes of this feasibility study and 
the availability of funding, OJJDP anticipates supporting the 
subsequent longitudinal study for up to 5 additional years.

Authority

    The Fiscal Year 2000 Consolidated Appropriations Act, November 17, 
1999 (Pub. L. 106-113), authorized the Tribal Youth Program (TYP), 
providing $12.5 million to OJJDP to support and enhance tribal 
comprehensive delinquency prevention and control activities and 
juvenile justice system improvement. Ten percent of the funds 
appropriated for TYP is set aside to support program-related research, 
evaluation, and statistics. Of that total, $650,000 is being made 
available for the 2-year feasibility study of the Longitudinal Study of 
Tribal Youth Risk and Resiliency.

Background

    TYP funds support the joint U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and 
U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI) Indian Country Law Enforcement 
Initiative. The purpose of the Initiative is to address the compelling 
need to improve the administration of criminal and juvenile justice 
among Federally recognized tribes.\1\ OJJDP has been charged with 
sponsoring tribal juvenile justice research, evaluation, and statistics 
as part of this effort.
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    \1\ Federally recognized Indian tribes include Alaska Native 
tribal governments. Under current law (Fiscal Year 2000 Consolidated 
Appropriations Act), the term ``Indian tribes,'' ``tribal,'' or 
``tribe(s)'' means: ``Any Indian tribe, band, nation or other 
organized group or community, including Alaska Native village or 
regional or village corporation as defined in or established 
pursuant to the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act * * *, which is 
recognized as eligible for the special programs and services 
provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as 
Indians.''
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    At the beginning of the 21st century, the tribal population faces 
myriad challenges. Roughly 30 percent of all tribal members and more 
than 50 percent of those on reservations live below the poverty level 
(U.S. Census Bureau, 1993). The median age of American Indians, 
Eskimos, and Aleuts is estimated to be under 27 years, compared with 
the median age for all races, estimated at about 35 years (U.S. Census 
Bureau, 2000). Yet tribal youth have few opportunities for social, 
educational, or vocational development. Findings from the Bureau of 
Justice Statistics (BJS) 1999 report American Indians and Crime 
highlight some of the critical issues facing tribal youth and their 
families.
     Rates of violent victimization in every age group are 
higher among American Indians \2\ than among all other races.
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    \2\ The BJS report includes Alaska Natives and Aleuts under the 
term ``American Indian.''
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     In 1995, American Indians were estimated to have had the 
highest rate of abuse or neglect of children under age 15 of any racial 
or ethnic group; and between 1992 and 1995, American Indians had the 
greatest increase in this rate of any racial or ethnic group.
     American Indians under age 18 are arrested for alcohol-
related violations at a rate twice the national average.
    These findings only begin to express the difficulties faced by 
Indian tribes and tribal youth. For example, domestic violence service 
providers claim that tribal children are victims of sexual assault at 
levels that are much higher than reported and that many of these 
assaults are by family members. Further, tribal women report levels of 
intimate partner violence that are higher than rates for any other 
ethnic group (Tjaden and Thoennes, 2000). Tribal law enforcement 
responses to a Federal Bureau of Investigation survey suggest that 
gangs at varying levels of sophistication are found in virtually all 
reservations and adjacent service areas. Further, much of the increase 
in violent crime in these areas over the past decade may be 
attributable to these gangs (National Alliance of Gang Investigators 
Associations, 2000). One Michigan tribe's Junior Tribal Council, which 
is composed of youth who are tribal members, recently listed substance 
abuse, violence, teen pregnancy, and sexually transmitted diseases 
among the key issues and concerns of tribal youth. A recent report on 
justice for tribal youth (Coalition for Juvenile Justice, 2000) draws 
on the experiences of tribal youth and practitioners to identify 
substance abuse, depression, and gang involvement as the three major 
contributors to tribal juvenile delinquency.

[[Page 17063]]

    Taken together, these reports and research findings paint a picture 
in which tribal members experience disproportionately high levels of 
violent victimization, intimate partner violence, child abuse and 
neglect, youth gang involvement, and the co-occurrence of alcohol use 
and offending. These difficulties are compounded by a lack of available 
resources for families, youth, social services, and law enforcement. 
Youth growing up under these circumstances are exposed to a variety of 
risk factors that increase their chances of becoming involved in 
delinquency and violent offending.
    It is important to recognize that tribes vary considerably in the 
extent to which these and other problems occur, and even under 
difficult circumstances, many tribal youth do not become involved in 
violent or nonviolent offending. These resilient youth may draw on 
internal resources; the support of family, friends, and community; and 
spiritual resources to guide them through difficult childhood and 
adolescent years. Cultural traditions practiced by some tribes may 
contribute to this resiliency. For example, tribes that foster close 
ties with extended family members support a family environment in which 
youth may have multiple positive adult role models. This is among the 
most widely acknowledged factors contributing to resiliency.
    Understanding of risk and protective factors that are related to 
the development of juvenile offending has greatly improved in the past 
decade (Loeber and Farrington, 1998; Hawkins et al., 2000; Thornberry, 
Huizinga, and Loeber, 1995). Risk factors are generally described as 
falling into five categories: individual, family, school, peer, and 
community. The accumulation of risk factors within or across these 
categories greatly increases the probability that a given youth will 
offend. Further, some risk factors appear to have greater or lesser 
influence during different developmental stages of youth (Tatem Kelley 
et al., 1997; Lipsey and Derzon, 1998).
    Protective factors provide a buffering effect against risk factors 
(Hawkins, Catalano, and Miller, 1992; Thornberry, Huizinga, and Loeber, 
1995). Protective factors are somewhat less well understood at this 
point, but they include individual factors (e.g., high intelligence and 
positive social orientation), factors related to social bonding (e.g., 
supportive relationships with family members or other adults), and 
healthy beliefs and clear standards for behavior (e.g., norms that 
oppose crime and violence). Since protective factors also tend to have 
a cumulative effect, youth who are exposed to a large number of 
protective factors show greater resilience to the risk factors in their 
lives. Despite advances in understanding risk and protective factors, 
many important questions still remain to be answered.
    Questions remain about the application of risk and protective 
factors to tribal youth and the effects of distinctive cultural and 
historical influences on the development of risk and protective factors 
for delinquency. Longitudinal research on both risk and resiliency 
among tribal youth is sorely needed. For this research to be most 
useful, it must be grounded in both the scientific and tribal 
traditions of understanding delinquency.

Goals

    The goal of this feasibility study is to plan and develop the 
design for an accelerated longitudinal study of tribal youth risk and 
resiliency. The longitudinal study will enhance and extend the current 
understanding of individual, family, community, peer, and school 
factors that influence delinquency and resiliency, with special 
attention to the distinct cultural and historical context of tribal 
youth. Findings will have direct implications for prevention activities 
with at-risk tribal youth and intervention activities with juvenile 
offenders. A secondary goal of this effort is to contribute to the 
development of effective and culturally appropriate research approaches 
with tribal populations.

Objectives

    The objectives for the feasibility study include, but are not 
limited to, the following:
     Prepare a comprehensive literature review of research 
findings related to risk and resiliency among tribal youth.
     Develop and implement a sampling strategy for selecting 
tribes that will be invited to participate in the longitudinal study.
     Conduct ongoing negotiations and relations with tribes to 
engage them in the project, secure community support, and coordinate 
the development of the study design and measures.
     Develop the overall study design in accordance with state-
of-the-art longitudinal social science research and tribal values, 
traditions, and customs as reflected in the study sites. This design 
will include strategies for sampling and tracking individual study 
participants.
     Develop and pilot test instruments and measures in 
accordance with other prominent longitudinal studies of youth and 
tribal values, traditions, and customs as reflected in the study sites.
     Conduct a tribal- or community-level analysis that 
establishes the cultural and historical backdrop for youth and includes 
examination of the current juvenile justice system in each of the study 
sites.

Project Strategy

    The first 2 years of this project will focus on a feasibility study 
that will include planning, coordination, and development activities 
toward the implementation of an accelerated longitudinal study in 
subsequent years. Based on the outcomes of the first 2 years and the 
availability of funding, OJJDP anticipates supporting the longitudinal 
study for up to 5 years beyond the initial feasibility study. OJJDP 
will continue to serve as the lead agency throughout this project; 
however, OJJDP will work with the grantee to seek additional public and 
private funding sources to help support this study beyond the first 2 
years.
    The study will assume a developmental approach involving successive 
waves of interviews with multiple cohorts of tribal youth and their 
family members consistent with an accelerated longitudinal design. 
Accelerated longitudinal designs collect data from multiple age cohorts 
simultaneously with the advantage of providing coverage over a larger 
portion of the life span than if only one cohort were included. For 
example, if two cohorts were tracked for 5 years beginning at age 5 and 
age 10, the 5-year study would cover developmental issues encountered 
over a 10 year span (i.e., at ages 5 through 15). This developmental 
approach will be linked to a broader tribal- or community-level 
analysis that will focus on the cultural and historical backdrop for 
youth in each of the study sites. This analysis must include 
examination of the current juvenile justice system in each of the study 
sites.
    Many of the activities in the first 2 years can be broken down into 
the following categories: elaborating the scope and focus of inquiry, 
developing the sampling strategy, coordinating with tribes, planning 
for data collection, conducting the site-level analysis, and 
establishing a project Advisory Group.

Elaborating the Scope and Focus of Inquiry

    The social sciences offer multiple theories that may guide inquiry 
into youth risk and resiliency. Indian tribes also maintain cultural 
beliefs, values, and theories that suggest explanations of the causes 
and contributing factors to

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delinquency and resiliency. This study must be informed by both social 
science and tribal traditions as they are reflected in the study sites 
to be selected. First, the feasibility study must include a 
comprehensive literature review and synthesis of existing research 
addressing risk and protective factors for tribal delinquency and adult 
criminal behavior. This review should compare and contrast risk and 
protective factors as they relate to tribal and nontribal populations. 
Second, the research team must work with tribal members to elicit and 
articulate indigenous beliefs and theories about delinquency and 
resiliency at each of the sites that participate in this project. 
During the feasibility study, applicants should anticipate working with 
tribes to gather this information through focus groups, key leader or 
community member interviews, review of tribal documents and history, or 
a combination of methods as appropriate. The social science literature 
review will be integrated with grounded theory from the participating 
tribes to form the theoretical foundation for the longitudinal study.

Developing the Sampling Strategy

    The sampling strategy for this study must address the selection of 
three federally recognized tribal sites. The design will also have to 
address the selection of approximately 1,000 individual tribal youth in 
each site to participate in the successive waves of data collection. No 
three tribes can possibly constitute a nationally representative sample 
of all tribes, and the requirement of gaining access to approximately 
1,000 youth in each study site will skew the pool of eligible sites 
toward the larger tribes. With such considerations in mind, applicants 
will be responsible for presenting a logical and practical framework 
for a sampling design that will be further developed and implemented 
during the early phases of the feasibility study. Additional 
considerations in sampling of sites may include, but are not limited 
to, regional variations, linguistic variations, size of crime problem, 
urban versus rural sites, reservation versus nonreservation sites, type 
of justice system (e.g., Western, tribal, or dual), and logistical 
concerns such as expense and probability of study completion.
    The sampling of individual youth within each site should be 
consistent with an accelerated longitudinal design as described above. 
Under this design, multiple tribal youth cohorts will be selected for 
participation. Applicants should consider including a perinatal cohort 
(age 0) at the first wave of data collection and including youth ages 5 
to 6 years, 10 to 11 years, and 15 to 16 years in the remaining 
cohorts. The inclusion of a perinatal cohort may introduce the need for 
alternative measures, such as videotaping of parent-child interactions 
in the early years, that may cause greater concern to tribes and 
parents than interview methods. Such issues should be discussed in the 
project design section of the application and negotiated with the 
tribes that are selected during the conduct of the feasibility study 
and the development of the project design.

Coordinating With Tribes

    All too frequently, research with tribal populations has been 
conducted with little regard for local culture and little respect for 
research participants or tribal sovereignty. This has led to well-
founded skepticism among some tribal members towards researchers (see 
Trimble, 1977; Baldwin, 1999). This study must be conducted in close 
coordination with the participating tribes. Applicants will have to 
demonstrate the ability to coordinate effectively with tribes through 
experience on previous or ongoing projects. Letters of reference from 
tribal leaders are encouraged. During the 2-year feasibility study, 
researchers will need to confirm tribal commitment to the project and 
negotiate strategies for tribal participation. Negotiations should 
establish procedures for tribal review and comment on study design, 
data collection methods, data collection instruments, preliminary and 
final reports, protection of human subjects and of tribal 
confidentiality, and other issues of concern to the tribes (see 
Beuvais, 1999). Depending on local circumstances and traditions, 
obtaining tribal approval and commitment may go beyond working with 
officials and governing bodies and extend to the inclusion of elders, 
spiritual leaders, and other community stakeholders. With regard to 
elected leadership, applicants should anticipate the possibility of 
midproject changes in administrations and plan for ongoing efforts to 
maintain tribal support.
    During the implementation of this study, it will be necessary for 
researchers to hire local tribal staff members for activities related 
to data collection, data management, and administration. Applicants are 
advised to hire local tribal staff during the feasibility study as 
well. Gainful employment and skill development among tribal members are 
possible benefits that tribes may derive from participation in this 
study. Other possible benefits to the tribes should be discussed in the 
application and in negotiations with tribes during the feasibility 
study. Examples of such benefits include improved access to training 
and technical assistance resources, regular reports on the status of 
tribal youth in the study sample, and educational and vocational 
opportunities for students, staff, and faculty at tribal colleges.

Planning for Data Collection

    Beyond developing a strategy for sampling individual study 
participants, the grantee must develop detailed plans for tracking and 
interviewing youth over successive waves of data collection during the 
study. Plans must be made for recruiting and training tribal 
interviewers, transporting interviewers to remote locations, and 
maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of data as they are 
collected, coded, and entered into a database. Valuable guidance on 
such operational aspects of conducting longitudinal studies can be 
found in Stouthamer-Loeber, van Kammen, and Loeber (1992).
    The literature review discussed previously should serve as a 
starting point for the design of instruments and measures to be used 
during the study. However, instrument development should be carefully 
planned to yield culturally appropriate measures that reflect both 
social science theory and tribal traditions of understanding 
delinquency and resiliency in the three study sites. This will require 
extensive coordination with the tribal stakeholders and careful pilot 
testing of instruments.

Conducting the Site-Level Analysis

    It will be necessary to examine community- or tribal-level factors 
that set the context for delinquency and resiliency in each of the 
study sites. This analysis will include collection of historical and 
cultural data of relevance to youth delinquency and resiliency and an 
examination of the current juvenile justice system in each site. Some 
of these data will be available through archival sources; however, it 
will also be necessary to collect oral accounts from elders, community 
leaders, spiritual leaders, juvenile justice professionals, and tribal 
youth in the juvenile justice system. This analysis will be conducted 
during the 2-year feasibility study and the findings should be 
integrated, where appropriate, into the study design and measures 
during implementation of the longitudinal study.

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Establishing an Advisory Group

    An Advisory Group will provide additional oversight and guidance 
throughout the feasibility study and the subsequent implementation of 
the longitudinal study. This group should include tribal members with 
expertise in juvenile justice issues or social science (preferably 
longitudinal) research.
    The Advisory Group should include at least one nationally 
recognized expert in longitudinal social science research related to 
juvenile justice. Finally, when the three sites have been selected and 
confirmed, one tribal leader from each site will be asked to serve on 
the Advisory Group. It is not necessary to include letters of 
commitment from potential Advisory Group members in this application, 
but a list of potential candidates must be included in the project 
design.

Products

    The grantee will submit progress reports to OJJDP at 6, 12, and 18 
months into the project. These reports will describe the status of 
selection of sites, negotiation with tribes, development of the study 
design and instruments, the site-level analysis of cultural and 
historical factors that may influence delinquency and resiliency, 
project staffing, and any other issues that are relevant to the 
completion of the study.
    By the end of the first 12 months of the feasibility study, the 
comprehensive literature review of risk and protective factors for 
tribal youth must be complete, with a summary version of this review 
prepared for publication as an OJJDP Bulletin. By the end of the 20th 
month of the feasibility study, the final planning report must be 
complete and ready for review by OJJDP and the Advisory Group. In this 
report, the grantee must clearly state theoretical and methodological 
commitments that will guide the inquiry. The study design and research 
instruments must be fully developed and pilot testing must be complete. 
The basic analysis strategy must be described. The analysis of cultural 
and historical factors that may influence delinquency and resiliency in 
each site must be complete, including an examination of the current 
juvenile justice system in place at each site. The remaining 4 months 
of this project period will be spent finalizing and fine tuning the 
plans laid out in the final report with the three sites, the Advisory 
Group, and OJJDP.

Eligibility Requirements

    OJJDP invites applications from public and private agencies, 
organizations, institutions, tribal communities, and individuals, or 
any combination of the above. Private, for-profit organizations must 
agree to waive any profit or fee. In the case of joint applications, 
one applicant must be clearly indicated as primary (for correspondence 
and award purposes) and the other(s) listed as coapplicant(s). OJJDP 
encourages collaborative relationships among researchers, 
practitioners, and tribal entities.

Selection Criteria

    Applications will be evaluated and rated by a peer review panel 
according to the criteria outlined below. In addition, the extent to 
which the project narrative makes clear and logical connections among 
the components listed below will be considered in assessing a project's 
merits.

Problems To Be Addressed (25 points)

    Applicants must demonstrate a thorough understanding of the unique 
challenges that face tribal youth, families, and communities. This 
discussion should reflect an understanding of the risk and protective 
factors faced by this population. A clear case must be made for the 
value of conducting longitudinal research to enhance and extend the 
current understanding of individual, family, community, peer, and 
school factors that influence delinquency and resiliency in tribal 
youth. The case also must be made for including a focus on the cultural 
and historical context of these youth in the longitudinal research. The 
discussion must reflect a thorough understanding of issues related to 
conducting research with Indian tribes, including specific challenges 
and opportunities. This section must include a discussion of the 
current status and critical areas for further development of effective 
and culturally appropriate research approaches and instruments for use 
with tribal youth.

Goals and Objectives (10 points)

    Applications must include clearly stated goals and objectives. The 
goals and objectives stated in this announcement should serve as a 
starting point, but applicants must expand on these to reflect planning 
activities outlined in the project design. Objectives must include 
clearly defined, realistic, and measurable tasks and outcomes that will 
enable the applicant to achieve the goals of the project.

Project Design (30 points)

    Applicants must present a well-detailed proposed feasibility study 
that calls for and ensures broad involvement of tribal stakeholders at 
each of the sites. Applicants should address the requirements and tasks 
listed in the ``Project Strategy'' section of this announcement and any 
other significant issues related to conducting this longitudinal study. 
This section must include plans for developing a logical sampling 
design for selecting sites, a comprehensive literature review, an 
Advisory Group (with a list of potential candidates), and the study 
design and measures. It must also include plans for negotiating and 
coordinating with tribes; eliciting grounded theory reflecting values, 
traditions, and beliefs regarding delinquency in the three tribal 
sites; and conducting a tribal- or community-level analysis that 
establishes the cultural and historical backdrop for youth and includes 
examination of the current juvenile justice system in each of the study 
sites.
    The application must include a timeline that indicates when 
specific tasks will be started and completed and when products will be 
submitted. The timeline must be referenced as appropriate in the 
narrative but should be placed in appendix A of the application. The 
timeline should allow for tribal review of procedures to protect the 
rights and privacy of research participants (see below).

Management and Organizational Capability (25 points)

    Applicants must demonstrate that project staff and consultants 
possess experience, knowledge, and ability related to conducting 
longitudinal research, studying juvenile justice issues, and working 
collaboratively with tribal leaders, juvenile justice system 
professionals, and community members. Applicants are strongly 
encouraged to include qualified tribal researchers and juvenile justice 
professionals on their staff. This section must include the names of 
responsible individuals and key consultants, their time commitments, 
and their major tasks. In particular, applicants must ensure that the 
tasks delineated in the project timeline (see ``Project Design'' above) 
are adequately staffed. Resumes for key staff members and consultants 
should be included in appendix B.
    Applicants must demonstrate organizational capacity and the 
existence of a management structure that will support the longitudinal 
research with tribal populations and achievement of project goals and 
objectives in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Applicants should 
include a description of any similar projects undertaken previously. 
Letters of commitment from consultants or

[[Page 17066]]

proposed contractors must be included in appendix C of the application. 
Applicants are also encouraged to include letters of reference from 
tribal leaders in appendix C.

Budget (10 points)

    Applicants must provide a proposed budget that is complete, 
detailed, reasonable, allowable, and cost-effective in relation to the 
activities to be undertaken. All budgeted costs should be directly 
related to the achievement of project goals and objectives. A brief 
budget narrative should be included in this section. It will be 
necessary to estimate some travel costs because the sites are not yet 
selected. Estimates should be consistent with the proposed framework 
for developing the site sampling strategy. Applicants should also 
budget for at least one meeting in Washington, DC, between senior 
project staff and OJJDP staff during each of the first 2 years.

Format

    Applications must include a program narrative of no more than 40 
double-spaced pages. The page limit does not include the budget 
narrative, appendixes, application forms, or assurances. Applicants 
shall identify the author(s) responsible for each narrative section. 
Appendix A shall contain the project's timeline with dates for 
initiation and completion of critical project tasks. Appendix B shall 
contain the resumes for the principal investigator and key staff 
members and consultants. Appendix C shall include all necessary letters 
of cooperation or support.
    The narrative portion of the application must be submitted on 8\1/
2\- by 11-inch paper using a standard 12-point font. The application 
must be double spaced and printed on one side of the paper only, with 
the narrative preceded by an abstract of no more than 300 words. These 
requirements are necessary to maintain a fair and uniform set of 
standards among all applicants. If the application fails to conform to 
these standards, it will not be eligible for consideration.

Award Period

    The feasibility study project will be funded for an initial 2-year 
budget and project period. Funding for conducting the longitudinal 
study beyond the initial budget period depends on the outcomes of the 
feasibility study, grantee performance, availability of funds, and 
other criteria established at the time of award.

Award Amount

    Up to $650,000 is available for the initial 2-year budget and 
project period.

Confidentiality and Human Subjects

    U. S. Department of Justice regulations require that projects 
involving research or statistics must maintain the confidentiality of 
information identifiable to a private person and that human research 
subjects must be protected from unreasonable risks and properly 
informed of the potential harms and benefits from their participation 
in research. Applicants must comply with the confidentiality 
requirements of 42 U.S.C. section 3789g and 28 CFR Part 22 by 
submitting a Privacy Certificate in accordance with 28 CFR section 
22.23 as part of the application package. (See appendix B, ``Privacy 
Certificate Guidelines and Statement,'' in the OJJDP Application Kit.)
    If the project involves research using human subjects, the 
applicant must comply with Department of Justice regulations at 28 CFR 
Part 46. This part generally requires that an Institutional Review 
Board (IRB) review and approve such projects unless the project is 
determined to be exempt from the regulatory requirements. IRB review is 
not required prior to submission of the application. However, if an 
award is made and the project involves research using human subjects, 
OJJDP will place a special condition on the award requiring that the 
project be approved by an appropriate IRB before Federal funds can be 
expended on activities involving human research subjects. Applicants 
should include plans for IRB review, where applicable, in the project 
timeline submitted with the proposal.
    As sovereign nations, Indian tribes may have specific requirements 
for confidentiality and approval of research and evaluation projects. 
Tribal policies and procedures for reviewing and approving research 
apply to this program and must be met before Federal funds can be 
expended on activities involving human research subjects. Tribal review 
and approval should be considered in the project timeline submitted 
with the proposal.

Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance (CFDA) Number

    The CFDA number, required on Standard Form 424, ``Application for 
Federal Assistance,'' is 16.731. Standard Form 424 is included in the 
OJJDP Application Kit, which can be obtained by contacting the Juvenile 
Justice Clearinghouse at 800-638-8736 or sending an e-mail request to 
[email protected]. The Application Kit is also available online at 
www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org/grants/2000__app__kit/index.html.

Coordination of Federal Efforts

    To encourage better coordination among Federal agencies in 
addressing State and local needs, the U.S. Department of Justice is 
requesting applicants to provide information on the following: (1) 
Active Federal grant awards supporting this project or related efforts, 
including other awards from the Department of Justice; (2) any pending 
applications for Federal funds for this or related efforts; and (3) 
plans for coordinating any funds described in items (1) and (2) with 
the funding requested in this application. For each Federal award, 
applicants must include the program or project title, the Federal 
granting agency, the amount of the award, and a brief description of 
its purpose.
    The term ``related efforts'' is defined for these purposes as one 
of the following:
     Efforts for the same purpose (i.e., the proposed project 
would supplement, expand, complement, or continue activities funded 
with other Federal grants).
     Another phase or component of the same program or project 
(e.g., to implement a planning effort funded by other Federal monies or 
to provide a substance abuse treatment or educational component within 
an existing juvenile justice project).
     Services of some kind (e.g., technical assistance, 
research, or evaluation) to the program or project described in the 
application.

Delivery Instructions

    All application packages should be mailed or delivered to the 
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, c/o Juvenile 
Justice Resource Center, 2277 Research Boulevard, Mail Stop 2K, 
Rockville, MD 20850; 301-519-5535.

    Note: In the lower left-hand corner of the envelope, the 
applicant must clearly write ``Longitudinal Study of Tribal Youth 
Risk and Resiliency.''

Due Date

    Applicants are responsible for ensuring that the original and five 
copies of the application package are received by 5 p.m. ET on June 11, 
2001.

Contact

    For further information, contact Phelan Wyrick, Program Manager, 
Research and Program Development Division, Office of Juvenile Justice 
and

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Delinquency Prevention, at 202-353-9254. Alternatively, e-mail 
inquiries can be sent to [email protected].

Resources

Baldwin, J. 1999. Conducting drug abuse prevention research in 
partnership with Native American communities: Meeting challenges 
through collaborative approaches. Drugs and Society 14:77-92.
Beuvais, F. 1999. Obtaining consent and other ethical issues in the 
conduct of research in American Indian Communities. Drugs and Society 
14:167-184.
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Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, 
Bureau of Justice Statistics.
Coalition for Juvenile Justice 2000. Enlarging the Healing Circle: 
Ensuring Justice for American Indian Children. Report. Washington, DC: 
Coalition for Juvenile Justice.
Hawkins, J.D., Catalano, R.F., and Miller, J.Y. 1992. Risk and 
protective factors for alcohol and other drug problems in adolescence 
and early adulthood: Implications for substance abuse prevention. 
Psychological Bulletin 112 (1):64-105.
Hawkins, J.D., Herrenkohl, T.I., Farrington, D.P., Brewer, D., 
Catalano, R.F., Harachi, T.W., and Cothern, L. 2000. Predictors of 
Youth Violence. Bulletin. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, 
Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention.
Lipsey, M.W. and Derzon, J.H. 1998. Predictors of violent or serious 
delinquency in adolescence and early adulthood: A synthesis of 
longitudinal research. In Serious & Violent Juvenile Offenders: Risk 
Factors and Successful Interventions, edited by R. Loeber and D.P. 
Farrington. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Loeber, R. and Farrington, D.P. 1998. Serious & Violent Juvenile 
Offenders: Risk Factors and Successful Interventions. Thousand Oaks, 
CA: Sage Publications.
Mitchell, C.M., and Beats, J. 1997. The structure of problem and 
positive behavior among American Indian adolescents: Gender and 
community differences. American Journal of Community Psychology 25(3) 
257-288.
National Alliance of Gang Investigators Associations. 2000. National 
Gang Threat Assessment. Report. Yaphank, NY: National Alliance of Gang 
Investigators Associations.
Stouthamer-Loeber, M., van Kammen, W., and Loeber, R. 1992. The nuts 
and bolts of implementing large-scale longitudinal studies. Violence 
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Bulletin. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice 
Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
Thornberry, T.P., Huizinga, D., and Loeber, R. 1995. The prevention of 
serious delinquency and violence: Implications from the Program of 
Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency. In A Sourcebook: 
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Tonry, M., Ohlin, L.E., and Farrington, D.P. 1991. Human Development 
and Criminal Behavior: New Ways of Advancing Knowledge. Washington, DC: 
U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National 
Institute of Justice.
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DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics 
Administration.
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1, 1999. Washington, DC: Bureau of the Census, Population Estimates 
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www.census.gov/population/estimates/nation/nativity/nbtab003.txt.

    Dated: March 23, 2001.
John J. Wilson,
Acting Administrator, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention.
[FR Doc. 01-7646 Filed 3-27-01; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4410-18-P