[Federal Register Volume 66, Number 10 (Tuesday, January 16, 2001)]
[Notices]
[Pages 3559-3564]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 01-1182]


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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY


Office of Science and Office of Environmental Management; Office 
of Science Financial Assistance Program Notice 01-19; Environmental 
Management Science Program: Research Related to Deactivation and 
Decommissioning Issues

AGENCY: Department of Energy.

ACTION: Notice inviting grant applications.

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SUMMARY: The Offices of Science (SC) and Environmental Management (EM), 
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), hereby announce their interest in 
receiving grant applications for performance of innovative, fundamental 
research to support specifically innovative, fundamental research to 
investigate DOE deactivation and decommissioning issues.

DATES: The deadline for receipt of formal applications is 4:30 P.M., 
E.S.T, March 20, 2001, in order to be accepted for merit review and to 
permit timely consideration for award in Fiscal Year 2001.

ADDRESSES: Formal applications referencing Program Notice 01-19 should 
be sent to: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Grants and 
Contracts Division, SC-64, 19901 Germantown Road, Germantown, MD 20874-
1290, ATTN: Program Notice 01-16. This address must be used when 
submitting applications by U.S. Postal Service Express, commercial mail 
delivery service, or when hand carried by the applicant.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dr. Roland F. Hirsch, SC-73, Mail Stop 
F-237, Medical Sciences Division, Office of Biological and 
Environmental Research, Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy, 
19901 Germantown Road, Germantown, MD 20874-1290, telephone: (301) 903-
9009, fax: (301) 903-0567, E-mail: [email protected], or 
Mr. Mark Gilbertson, EM-52, Office of Basic and Applied Research, 
Office of Science and Technology, Office of Environmental Management, 
1000 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20585, telephone: (202) 
586-7150, E-mail: [email protected]. The full text of Program 
Notice 01-19 is available via the Internet using the following web site 
address: http://www.science.doe.gov/production/grants/grants.html.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Office of Environmental Management, in 
partnership with the Office of Science, sponsors the Environmental 
Management Science Program (EMSP) to fulfill DOE's continuing 
commitment to the clean-up of DOE's environmental legacy.
    The DOE Environmental Management program currently has ongoing 
applied research and engineering efforts under its Technology 
Development Program. These efforts must be supplemented with basic 
research to address long-term technical issues crucial to the EM 
mission. Basic research can also provide EM with near-term fundamental 
data that may be critical to the advancement of technologies that are 
under development but not yet at full scale nor implemented. Proposed 
basic research under this Notice should contribute to environmental 
management activities that would decrease risk for the public and 
workers, provide opportunities for major cost reductions, reduce time 
required to achieve EM's mission goals, and, in general, should address 
problems that are considered intractable without new knowledge. This 
program is designed to inspire breakthroughs in areas critical to the 
EM mission through basic research and will be managed in partnership 
with SC. The Office of Science's well-established procedures, as set 
forth in the Office of Science Merit Review System, available on the 
World Wide Web at: http://www.science.doe.gov/production/grants/merit.html will be used for merit review of applications submitted in 
response to this Notice. Subsequent to the formal scientific merit 
review, applications that are judged to be scientifically meritorious 
will be evaluated by DOE for relevance to the objectives of the 
Environmental Management Science Program. Additional information can be 
obtained at: http://www.emsp.em.doe.gov/main.htm. Additional Notices 
for the Environmental Management Science Program may be issued during 
Fiscal

[[Page 3560]]

Year 2001, covering other areas within the scope of the EM program.

Purpose

    The purpose of the EMSP is to foster basic research that will 
contribute to successful completion of DOE's mission to clean-up the 
environmental contamination across the DOE complex.
    The objectives of the Environmental Management Science Program are 
to:
     Provide scientific knowledge that will revolutionize 
technologies and clean-up approaches to significantly, reduce future 
costs, schedules, and risks;
     ``Bridge the gap'' between broad fundamental research that 
has wide-ranging applicability such as that performed in DOE's Office 
of Science and needs-driven applied technology development that is--
conducted in EM's Office of Science and Technology; and
     Focus the Nation's science infrastructure on critical DOE 
environmental management problems.
    The focus of the EMSP is on basic research and the objective of 
this research Program is to develop a long-range science plan for 
deactivation and decommissioning (D&D). The National Research Council, 
Committee on Long-Term Research Needs for Deactivation and 
Decommissioning at Department of Energy Sites, December 5, 2000 report 
provided technical advice on the ``recommended areas of research where 
the EM Science Program can make significant contributions to solving 
(D&D) problems and adding to scientific knowledge generally.''

Representative Research Areas

    Basic research is solicited in all areas of science with the 
potential for addressing problems in deactivation and decommissioning. 
Relevant scientific disciplines include, but are not limited to: 
chemical sciences (including fundamental interfacial chemistry, 
computational chemistry, actinide chemistry, and analytical chemistry 
and instrumentation), engineering sciences (including control systems 
and optimization, diagnostics, transport processes, fracture mechanics 
and bioengineering), materials science (including other novel 
materials-related strategies), and bioremediation (including microbial 
science related to ex situ treatment of organics, metals and 
radionuclides and in situ treatment of organics).

Project Renewals

    Lead Principal Investigators of record for Projects funded under 
Office of Science Notice 98-04, Environmental Management Science 
Program: Research Related to Decontamination and Decommissioning of 
Facilities, are eligible to submit renewal applications under this 
solicitation.
    It is recognized that many of the projects funded in FY1998 of the 
program have already been very successful. At the same time, we believe 
that many of these research groups have the potential to make 
significant additional contributions toward addressing the science 
needs of the Office of Environmental Management (EM).

Program Funding

    It is anticipated that up to a total of $4,000,000 of Fiscal Year 
2001 Federal funds will be available for new Environmental Management 
Science Program awards resulting from this Notice. Multiple-year 
funding of grant awards is anticipated, contingent upon the 
availability of appropriated funds. Award sizes are expected to be on 
the order of $100,000-$300,000 per year for total project costs for a 
typical three-year grant. Collaborative projects involving several 
research groups or more than one institution may receive larger awards 
if merited. The program will be competitive and offered to 
investigators in universities or other institutions of higher 
education, other non-profit or for-profit organizations, non-Federal 
agencies or entities, or unaffiliated individuals. DOE reserves the 
right to fund in whole or part any or none of the applications received 
in response to this notice. A parallel announcement with a similar 
potential total amount of funds will be issued to DOE Federally Funded 
Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs) and may be accessed on the 
World Wide Web at: http://www.science.doe.gov/production/grants/LAB01_19.html. All projects will be evaluated using the same criteria, 
regardless of the submitting institution.

Collaboration and Training

    Applicants to the EMSP are strongly encouraged to collaborate with 
researchers in other institutions, such as universities, industry, non-
profit organizations, federal laboratories and Federally Funded 
Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs), including the DOE National 
Laboratories, where appropriate, and to incorporate cost sharing and/or 
consortia wherever feasible. Refer to: http://www.sc.doe.gov/production/grants/Colab.html for details.
    Applicants are also encouraged to provide training opportunities, 
including student involvement, in applications submitted to the 
program.

Application Format

    Applicants are expected to use the following format in addition to 
following instructions in the Office of Science Financial Assistance 
Program Application Guide. Applications must be written in English, 
with all budgets in U.S. dollars.
     SC Face Page (DOE F 4650.2 (10-91))
     Application classification sheet (a plain sheet of paper 
with one selection from the list of scientific fields listed in the 
Application Categories Section)
     Table of Contents
     Project Abstract (no more than one page)
     Budgets for each year and a summary budget page for the 
entire project period (using DOE F 4620.1)
     Budget Explanation. Applicants are requested to include in 
the travel budget for each year funds to attend the annual National 
Environmental Management Science Program Workshop, and also for one or 
more extended (one week or more) visits to a clean-up site by either 
the Principal Investigator or a senior staff member or collaborator.
     Budgets and Budget explanation for each collaborative 
subproject, if any
     Project Narrative (recommended length is no more than 20 
pages; multi-investigator collaborative projects may use more pages if 
necessary up to a total of 40 pages)
     Goals
     Significance of Project to the EM Mission
     Background
     Research Plan
     Preliminary Studies (if applicable)
     Research Design and Methodologies
     Literature Cited
     Collaborative Arrangements (if applicable)
     Biographical Sketches (limit 2 pages per senior 
investigator)
     Description of Facilities and Resources
     Current and Pending Support for each senior investigator

Application Categories

    In order to properly classify each application for evaluation and 
review, the documents must indicate the applicant's preferred 
scientific research field, selected from the following list.

Field of Scientific Research

1. Actinide Chemistry
2. Analytical Chemistry and Instrumentation
3. Bioremediation
4. Engineering Sciences

[[Page 3561]]

5. Interfacial Chemistry
6. Materials Science
7. Other

Application Evaluation and Selection

Scientific Merit

    The program will support the most scientifically meritorious and 
relevant work, regardless of the institution. Formal applications will 
be subjected to scientific merit review (peer review) and will be 
evaluated against the following evaluation criteria listed in 
descending order of importance as codified at 10 CFR 605.10(d).
    1. Scientific and/or Technical Merit of the Project,
    2. Appropriateness of the Proposed Method or Approach,
    3. Competency of Applicant's Personnel and Adequacy of Proposed 
Resources,
    4. Reasonableness and Appropriateness of the Proposed Budget.
    The evaluation will include program policy factors such as the 
relevance of the proposed research to the terms of the announcement and 
the Department's programmatic needs. DOE shall also consider, as part 
of the evaluation, program policy factors such as an appropriate 
balance among the program areas, including research already in 
progress. External peer reviewers are selected with regard to both 
their scientific expertise and the absence of conflict-of-interest 
issues. Non-federal reviewers may be used, and submission of an 
application constitutes agreement that this is acceptable to the 
investigator(s) and the submitting institution.

Relevance to Mission

    Researchers are encouraged to demonstrate a linkage between their 
research projects and significant contamination problems at DOE sites. 
Researchers could establish this linkage in a variety of ways--for 
example, by elucidating the scientific problems to be addressed by the 
proposed research and explaining how the solution of these problems 
could improve D&D capabilities. Subsequent to the formal scientific 
merit review, applications which are judged to be scientifically 
meritorious will be evaluated by DOE for relevance to the objectives of 
the Environmental Management Science Program.
    DOE shall also consider, as part of the evaluation, program policy 
factors such as an appropriate balance among the program areas, 
including research already in progress. Research funded in the 
Environmental Management Science Program in Fiscal Years 1996 through 
2000, can be viewed at: http://emsp.em.doe.gov/portfolio/multisearch.asp.

Application Guide and Forms

    Information about the development, submission of applications, 
eligibility, limitations, evaluation, the selection process, and other 
policies and procedures may be found in 10 CFR Part 605, and in the 
Application Guide for the Office of Science Financial Assistance 
Program. Electronic access to the Guide and required forms is made 
available via the World Wide Web at: http://www.science.doe.gov/production/grants/grants.html. DOE is under no obligation to pay for 
any costs associated with the preparation or submission of applications 
if an award is not made.

Major Environmental Management Challenges

    The safety for workers conducting D&D operations is an issue that 
will grow as DOE takes on the more challenging D&D tasks. Workers deal 
with special hazards that are different from those in other parts of 
DOEs Accelerating Clean-up Paths to Closure (DOE, 1998a), including the 
following:
     Working in confined spaces in areas of high radioactivity,
     Disassembling and removing massive steel and concrete 
structures,
     Direct, hands-on manual labor with powerful saws, torches, 
and lifting devices, and
     Incomplete knowledge of the highly complex systems they 
are dismantling.

Scientific Issues

    The recognized issues pose challenges in characterization, 
decontamination, and remote systems where current technology is 
inadequate and where EMSP funded, research could make significant 
contributions include:

Characterization

    Characterization of contaminated materials is critical at several 
stages of D&D. Initially, the nature and extent of contamination with 
both radionuclides and toxic materials must be accurately assessed to 
ensure adequate protection of workers and the environment, as well as 
to allow the selection of appropriate methods of decontamination. 
During decontamination and/or demolition of contaminated equipment and 
structures, there must be some means of monitoring progress and 
potential contaminant releases. Finally, after decontamination, the 
nature and extent of residual contamination must be assessed to 
determine the final classification and disposal of the item in 
question.
    (1) The identification and development of means, preferably real-
time, minimally invasive, and field usable, to locate and quantify 
difficult to measure contaminants significant to D&D. These means 
should be applicable to the major materials and configurations of 
interest, such as concrete, stainless steel, and packaged wastes. The 
contaminants of interest, includes tritium, technetium-99, plutonium-
239 and other actinides, beryllium, mercury, asbestos, and 
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).
    Rationale: The varied nature of D&D facilities has led to a wide 
range of contaminant types and site-specific characterization 
challenges, each generally requiring a detector tailored specifically 
to the contaminant being measured and its matrix. Some 2,700 buildings, 
constructed mostly of concrete and containing 180,000 metric tons of 
metals, are currently within EM's D&D task. Four areas where research 
can advance the state of art: (1) Methods to assess the distribution of 
contaminants within concrete; (2) sensors to measure contaminants on 
the surface and within micro-cracks of metals; (3) remote sensing of 
contaminants; and (4) biosensors.
    The development of minimally and non-invasive real-time in situ 
sensing technologies to characterize the concentration of contaminants, 
as a function of depth within concrete, would eliminate difficulties 
associated with core sample collection and subsequent analysis. 
Minimally invasive schemes like laser ablation mass spectroscopy or 
non-intrusive techniques like neutron activation and x-ray analysis 
appear to be attractive candidates for further research.
    More sensitive detectors, for example for alpha particles (USDOE, 
1999), as well as simple-to-use techniques, such as chemical indicators 
are needed to quickly certify levels of nuclides, hazardous metals, and 
other toxic substances on structural surfaces and equipment. This will 
help ensure safety in the workplace and reduce costs--for example by 
allowing non-hazardous waste to be disposed in landfills. Analysis of 
residual low-energy beta emitters like tritium and Tc-99 is 
particularly challenging when these isotopes are inside equipment or 
mixed in heterogeneous waste matrices, because the beta articles cannot 
penetrate through most materials.
    Remote sensing systems can provide both economic and safety 
benefits by distancing the worker from hazardous work areas. Remote 
mapping of activity

[[Page 3562]]

levels using gamma cameras (USDOE, 1998b) is now being used to great 
advantage in D&D operations. Smaller, higher sensitivity and resolution 
versions of these instruments would be desirable and may be achievable 
through further research on detector materials and geometries. Fiber-
optic sensing for remote detection of some chemical species is 
feasible. Further research could lead to its use in sensing chemical 
contaminants relevant to D&D. Fiber-optic radiation sensors are a more 
recent development and opportunities exist for both improved 
performance and novel features such as optical interrogation.
    (2) The basic research that could lead to development of 
biotechnological sensors to detect contaminants of interest may provide 
a completely new way to meet the needs for characterization of 
contaminated materials. The field of biotechnology is rapidly 
expanding, and the contaminants of interest and the materials and 
configurations in which they must be detected, is noted in (1).
    Rationale: There has been tremendous growth in development and 
commercialization of a broad range of biosensor devices and 
applications. Modern devices can range from fiber-optic and micro-
cantilever-linked immuno assays to subcellular and cellular micro-
electronic. Analytes measurable by biosensors include a vast array of 
organic chemicals, biochemicals, inorganics, and metals and more 
recently ionizing radiation. Research to integrate microelectronics and 
nanotechnology with elements of gene array technology and cellular 
engineering may lead to new sensor technology (see http://www.nano.gov/press.htm for details). This technology could create new capacity for 
continuous and remote monitoring in chemically and physically complex 
environmental and structural systems characteristic of DOE's site D&D 
needs.

Decontamination

    The decontamination of equipment and facilities is necessary at 
several stages of the D&D process. Initially, radiation and 
contamination levels may have to be reduced to allow worker access or 
to limit their exposure to radiation and other hazards. Decontamination 
may be required before dismantling or demolition work to prevent the 
spread of radioactive or toxic materials. Unplanned releases can have 
off-site as well as on-site consequences. Decontamination procedures 
are intended to result in a small volume of the most hazardous waste, 
and much larger volumes of waste that has low or no hazard, thus 
reducing the cost and long-term risk of disposal. Some decontaminated 
equipment or facilities might be recycled or reused. The end state of 
any decontamination activity must be consistent with both site-specific 
and overall DOE clean-up objectives.
    (3) The basic research toward fundamental understanding of the 
interactions of important contaminants with the primary materials of 
interest in D&D projects, including concrete, stainless steel, paints, 
and ``strippable'' coatings is needed.
    Rationale: Scientific understanding of the interactions among 
contaminants and construction materials is fundamental to developing 
more effective D&D technologies. Both radioactive and toxic 
contaminants can exist in a variety of chemical forms (for example, in 
different valence states, complexes, or as colloids), which exhibit 
very different behaviors. While a good deal of chemical data on the 
contaminants themselves exist as well as data on their transport in the 
environment there is little information of direct relevance to D&D 
problems. Such information includes how contaminants bind to steel and 
concrete surfaces, how they penetrate into these materials, their 
migration into pores, fissures, and welds, and time-dependent ``aging'' 
effects. Once sufficient thermodynamic and kinetic data on these 
interactions are obtained to allow their modeling from first 
principles, the models would allow various decontamination approaches 
to be evaluated and provide a better way to interpret data from 
characterization.
    (4) The basic research on biotechnological means to remove or 
remediate contaminants of interest from surfaces and within porous 
materials.
    Rationale: The capacity of microbiological processes to destroy, 
transform, mobilize, and sequester toxins, pollutants, and contaminants 
is well-established. Through research to extend well-known technology 
in mineral ore leaching and metal recovery, these biochemical 
capacities may be exploitable for removal of metals and radionuclides 
from concrete and building debris. An excellent example of which was 
recently described in an American Society for Microbiology report (see 
ASM News. 66:133). In addition, microbial biocorrosion processes for 
structural metals and concrete are well established and the opportunity 
exists to investigate fundamental processes that could facilitate 
volumetric reduction of waste from D&D activities. Biotechnical 
advances in surface treatments of contaminated structures and materials 
are anticipated from continuing R&D activities, elucidation of 
biocatalytic properties of biological systems and engineering 
chemicals, and biosurfactants with unique physical chemical properties. 
A fundamental understanding of the biological processes would also help 
to ensure that waste by-products from the decontamination could be 
safely treated and stabilized.

Remote Systems

    For D&D work, remote systems provide a unique means to separate 
workers from hazardous work areas, thus enhancing their safety and 
productivity. This technology crosscuts all of the other D&D areas--
characterization, decontamination, and dismantlement--and has the 
potential for substantial performance enhancement and cost reduction. 
There are broad ranges for potential applicability of fundamental 
advances in this area.
    (5) The basic research toward creating intelligent remote systems 
that can adapt to a variety of tasks and be readily assembled from 
standardized modules. Today's remote systems are one-of-a-kind devices 
of high cost and limited capability. Their inflexibility leads to rapid 
obsolescence and is a barrier to their deployment. The recommended 
initial research focus would be as follows:
a. Actuators
    Rationale: The actuator is the power (muscle) of remote systems, 
and as such, it is the key to performance, reliability, and cost. 
Except for better construction materials and improved control 
electronics, most actuator technology has not changed for several 
decades. Today's actuators typically use only one sensor (for position) 
so that virtually no real time data (for example, force and velocity) 
are available to make them ``intelligent.'' More complete sensory 
input, coupled with decision-making software can produce intelligent 
actuators that are able to adapt to a variety of tasks. Achieving a 
relatively inexpensive modular design to allow ``plug and play'' 
deployment of these devices would be especially useful because 
equipment that fails or becomes contaminated is usually discarded. 
Research to answer the question of granularity (What is the minimum 
number of required standard modules?) to enable the assembly on demand 
of the maximum number of remote systems would make the overall system 
substantially more cost effective in deployment and maintenance.

[[Page 3563]]

b. Universal Operational Software To Provide Criteria-Based Decision 
Making
    Rationale: Criteria-based decision making is the essence of 
intelligence in robotic systems. What is the best use of the system's 
resources to perform the task at hand? Today's control of robotic 
devices is derived from techniques developed during World War II in 
which control is linear (based only on the difference between two 
measured parameters). A robot capable of mimicking human adaptability, 
however, would require a non-linear control system coupled to many 
parameters corresponding to the physical features that accurately 
represent performance of the task. The criteria-based software could be 
universal in the same sense that operating systems on personal 
computers are universal--one system supports many different 
applications.
c. Virtual Presence of the Worker in Hazardous Environments
    Rationale: In the initial planning and characterization phases of 
D&D work, workers often must enter an area of high radiation and 
contamination that is also congested with left-in-place equipment and 
materials for which removal inevitably involves physical stress 
(fatigue) and the potential for personal injury. Virtual reality 
systems could allow workers to perform essential survey and decision 
making functions from a remote location thus enhancing their safety and 
productivity. Advances in the state of the art as now used in deep sea 
exploration should be pursued to improve overall system performance by 
providing force feedback, remote vision, collision avoidance, and 
radiation resistant sensor technology.
    The nature and extent of contamination with both radionuclides and 
toxic materials must be accurately assessed to ensure adequate 
protection of workers and the environment, as well as to allow the 
selection of appropriate methods of decontamination.

Background

    DOE expects to spend some $30 billion for D&D of weapons complex 
facilities after 2006. For example the Savannah River and Hanford sites 
present the biggest D&D challenges and will be undertaken after 2006 
with about half of the $30 billion being saved through use of 
innovative technologies that it expects could be developed by that 
time.
    The United States involvement in nuclear weapons development for 
the last 50 years has resulted in the development of a vast research, 
production, and testing network known as the nuclear weapons complex. 
The Department has the challenge of deactivating 7,000 contaminated 
buildings and decommissioning 900 contaminated buildings that are 
currently on DOE's list of surplus facilities. It is also responsible 
for decontaminating the metal and concrete within those buildings and 
disposing of 180,000 metric tons of scrap metal. Deactivation refers to 
ceasing facility operations and placing the facility in a safe and 
stable condition to prevent unacceptable exposure of people or the 
environment to radioactive or other hazardous materials until the 
facility can be decommissioned. Typically, deactivation involves 
removal of fuel and stored radioactive and other hazardous materials 
and draining of systems. Decommissioning is the process of 
decontaminating or removing contaminated equipment and structures to 
achieve the desired end state for the facility. Desired end states 
include complete removal and remediation of the facility, release of 
facility for unrestricted use, or release of facility for restricted 
use. Decontamination is the removal of unwanted radioactive or 
hazardous contamination by a chemical or mechanical process.
    Details of the programs of the Office of Environmental Management 
and the technologies currently under development or in use by 
Environmental Management Program can be found on the World Wide Web at: 
http://www.em.doe.gov/index4.html and at the extensive links contained 
therein. The programs and technologies should be used to obtain a 
better understanding of the missions and challenges in environmental 
management in DOE when considering areas of research to be proposed.

References

    Note: World Wide Web locations of these documents are provided 
where possible. For those without access to the World Wide Web, hard 
copies of these references may be obtained by writing Mark A. 
Gilbertson at the address listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION 
CONTACT section.


    DOE. 1995. Closing the Circle on the Splitting of the Atom: The 
Environmental Legacy of Nuclear Weapons Production in the United States 
and What the Department of Energy is Doing About It. The U.S. 
Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Management, Office of 
Strategic Planning and Analysis, Washington, DC, http://www.em.doe.gov/circle/index.html
    DOE. 1998a. Accelerating Clean-up: Paths to Closure--June 1998. 
http://www.em.doe.gov/closure
    DOE. 1998. Report to Congress on the U.S. Department of Energy's 
Environmental Management Science Program--April 1998. http://
emsp.em.doe.gov/
    DOE. 2000. Environmental Management Advisory Board. http://www.em.doe.gov/emab/
    DOE. 2000 Environmental Management Science Program, Project 
Summaries. http://emsp.em.doe.gov/
    DOE. 2000. Office of Integration and Disposition. http://www.em.doe.gov/office.html
    DOE. 2000 Office of Science and Technology (EM-50). http://www.ost.em.doe.gov/
    Environmental Management Advisory Board Science Committee. 1997. 
Resolution on the Environmental Management Science Program dated May 2, 
1997.
    National Research Council. 1996. Affordable Clean-up? Opportunities 
for Cost Reduction in the Decontamination and Decommissioning of the 
Nation's Uranium Enrichment Facilities. Washington, DC: National 
Academy Press.
    National Research Council. 1998. A Review of Decontamination and 
Decommissioning Technology Development Programs at the DOE. Washington, 
DC: National Academy Press.
    National Research Council. 1997. Building an Environmental 
Management Science Program: Final Assessment. National Academy Press, 
Washington, DC, http://www.nap.edu/readingroom/books/envmanage/
    National Research Council. 2000. Letter Report, Committee on Long-
Term Research Needs for Deactivation and Decommissioning at Department 
of Energy Sites December 5, 2000. http://books.nap.edu/books/NI000321/html/1.html#pagetop
    Secretary of Energy Advisory Board. Alternative Futures for the 
Department of Energy National Laboratories. February 1995. Task Force 
on alternative Futures for the Department of Energy National 
Laboratories. Washington, DC, http://www.hr.doe.gov/seab/galvin/tf-rpt.html
    The Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Number for this program 
is 81.049, and the solicitation control number is ERFAP 10 CFR Part 
605.


[[Page 3564]]


    Issued in Washington DC on January 9, 2001.
John Rodney Clark,
Associate Director of Science for Resource Management.
[FR Doc. 01-1182 Filed 1-12-01; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-U