[Federal Register Volume 65, Number 137 (Monday, July 17, 2000)]
[Notices]
[Pages 44047-44049]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 00-18023]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[FRL-6736-3]


Retrofit/Rebuild Requirements for 1993 and Earlier Model Year 
Urban Buses; Certification of Equipment

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Notice of EPA certification of equipment provided by Turbodyne 
Systems, Inc.

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SUMMARY: Today's Federal Register document announces EPA's decision to 
certify equipment to the 0.10 g/bhp-hr standard for the Urban Bus 
Retrofit/Rebuild Program. The equipment is provided by Turbodyne 
Systems, Inc. (Turbodyne).
    Turbodyne submitted to EPA a notification of intent to certify 
equipment, signed November 14, 1997, pursuant to the program 
regulations at 40 CFR part 85, subpart O. On April 19, 1999, EPA 
published a document in the Federal Register that the Turbodyne 
notification had been received and made the notification available for 
public review and comment for a period of 45 days (64 FR 19151). EPA 
has completed its review and the Director of the Certification & 
Compliance Division has determined that it meets all requirements for 
certification. Accordingly, EPA approves the certification of this 
equipment effective July 17, 2000.
    The equipment consists of the base engine components used on the 
25% reduction retrofit/rebuild kit certified by the Detroit Diesel 
Corporation (DDC), components from the 25% retrofit catalyst kit 
certified by Engine Control Systems, Ltd. (ECS) and a TurboPac 
supercharger system supplied by Turbodyne that supplies additional air 
for combustion during engine acceleration. This Turbodyne kit is 
identical to the kit that was certified by the Detroit Diesel 
Corporation on May 14, 1998 (63 FR 26798) and is applicable to the same 
models, and model year engines as the DDC kit.
    The kit is applicable to 6V92TA urban bus engine models made by 
Detroit Diesel Corporation (DDC) from model years 1979 to 1989 and 
equipped with mechanical unit injectors (MUI), and may be used 
immediately by transit operators in compliance with program 
requirements. The kit is available in three horsepower levels (253, 
277, and 294).
    EPA has determined that this Turbodyne kit complies with the 0.10 
gram per brake horsepower-hour (g/bhp-hr) particulate matter (PM) 
standard for the applicable engines. EPA has not determined that 
Turbodyne's notification complies with the life cycle cost requirements 
of the program regulations because no life cycle costs were supplied 
with the application.
    Today's Federal Register document does not trigger any additional 
program requirements for transit operators. The 0.10 g/bhp-hr PM level 
has already been triggered for all engines covered by this 
notification.
    The notification of intent to certify, as well as other materials 
specifically relevant to it, are contained in Category XXIII-A of 
Public Docket A-93-42, entitled ``Certification of Urban Bus Retrofit/
Rebuild Equipment.'' This docket is located at the address listed 
below.
    Additional details concerning this certification, the Turbodyne 
kit, and responsibilities of transit operators, are provided below.

DATES: Today's Federal Register document dated July 17, 2000, is the 
certification date for this equipment. The 0.10 g/bhp-hr standard was 
triggered on March 14, 1997 (62 FR 12166) for all engines covered by 
this certification.

ADDRESSES: The Turbodyne notification of intent to certify, as well as 
other material specifically relevant to it, are contained at the U.S. 
Environmental Protection Agency's Public Air Docket A-93-42 (Category 
XXIII-A), Room M-1500, 401 ``M'' Street SW, Washington, DC 20460.
    Docket items may be inspected from 8:00 a.m. until 5:30 p.m., 
Monday through Friday. As provided in 40 CFR part 2, a reasonable fee 
may be charged by EPA for copying docket materials.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Anthony Erb, Certification & 
Compliance Division (6403J), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 
Ariel Rios Building, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 
20460. Telephone: (202) 564-9259. Email Address: [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Description of the Certified Kit

    The certified kit described in today's Federal Register document, 
is provided by Turbodyne. It is certified to the 0.10 g/bhp-hr 
standard. It is not required to comply with the applicable life cycle 
cost requirements of the program. No cost data were provided in the 
notification.
    The certification described in today's document applies to 1979 
though 1989 model year DDC 6V92TA engines that are equipped with 
mechanical unit injectors (MUI) and certified to federal emissions 
standards. It does not apply to engines certified to California 
emissions standards. The impact of this decision on transit operators 
is discussed in more detail in the ``Transit Operator Requirements'' 
section below.
    The kit, described further below, consists of base engine 
components used on the 25% reduction kit certified by DDC earlier, a 
catalytic exhaust muffler supplied by Engine Control Systems, Ltd. 
(ECS), and a TurboPac supercharger system supplied by Turbodyne 
Systems, Inc. that supplies additional combustion air during 
acceleration. The kit is available in three horsepower (hp) ratings 
(253, 277, and 294 hp). The kit being certified by Turbodyne is 
identical to the kit certified by DDC earlier (63 FR 26798).
    For retrofit with the Turbodyne kit, an engine is rebuilt in 
accordance with standard DDC rebuild procedures, using specified engine 
components. This component set essentially includes the equipment 
certified by EPA to provide a 25% particulate reduction on October 2, 
1995, at 60 FR 51472. These components are provided in two separate 
sets of parts. The first set of components is comprised of newly 
manufactured parts, including a gasket kit, air inlet hose, cylinder 
kits (piston assemblies and cylinder liners) a by-pass valve and a 
truck type throttle delay. The second set of components includes 
Reliabilt\TM\ remanufactured parts, including the fuel injectors, 
camshafts, blower assembly, turbocharger, and head assemblies. Kit 
usage is based on engine rotation (righthand (RH) or lefthand (LH)), 
engine orientation, right bank cam gear mounting (bolt or nut), and 
engine power output based on injector size. The only difference from 
the previously certified equipment is the inclusion of a truck-style 
throttle delay, adjustment of the throttle delay and injector timing 
settings to improve driveability. Additionally, the cylinder kit 
components have been modified to improve durability.

[[Page 44048]]

    The converter is the same as the catalytic converter muffler 
certified by DDC for the Urban Bus Program as described in the Federal 
Register on May 14, 1998 (63 FR 26798), is a direct replacement for the 
original equipment muffler, and is designed to fit the specific bus/
engine combination. The use of diesel fuel that has been mixed with 
crankcase oil is prohibited.
    The third constituent of the kit consists of an electrically 
powered supercharger system which is supplied by Turbodyne Systems, 
Inc. This component set, referred to as the TurboPac\TM\ supplies 
additional intake air during engine acceleration from low engine 
speeds. Turbodyne states that in addition to decreasing PM emissions 
and visible smoke during engine acceleration, the supercharger also 
improves engine response and vehicle driveability by reducing the fuel 
modulation during acceleration. The basic system consists of a 
supercharger blower, a diverter valve, a boost pressure sensor, an 
electrical control box and power cables, and a throttle switch for 
detecting the start of the engine acceleration mode. It will be 
supplied in two kits. One kit includes those components common to all 
installations. The second kit accommodates the installation 
requirements of the various engine and vehicle configurations.
    To complete an engine rebuild two (2) base engine component kits, 
one (1) converter muffler kit, and two(2) supercharger kits are 
required. The specific kits used will depend on the engine/vehicle 
combination.
    There are no differences in the service intervals or maintenance 
practices for the base engine associated with the installation of the 
upgrade kit. The converter/muffler requires no regularly scheduled 
maintenance, only an occasional cleaning if the maximum back pressure 
of the exhaust system is exceeded. The supercharger does not require 
scheduled maintenance: however, a visual inspection for air leaks is 
recommended whenever the engine is serviced.
    Standard procedures as described in the service manual for 92 
Series engines are to be used when rebuilding the base engines using 
the candidate equipment. No unique rebuild procedures are required.
    Use of the candidate kit is restricted to 6V92TA Detroit Diesel 
Corporation engines manufactured from January 1979 through December 
1989, equipped with mechanical unit fuel injectors (MUI), and 
originally certified to meet Federal emission standards. The required 
fuel is low sulfur (0.05% max by weight) diesel fuel, either number 1 
or number 2.
    All of the testing presented for this certification was conducted 
using original equipment ``OE'' parts, except for the converter muffler 
and the TurboPac components. EPA has no assurance that engines rebuilt 
using parts that are not ``OE'' would comply with the 0.10 g/bhp-hr 
standard. Therefore, use of engine parts that are not the specified OE 
parts are not covered by the certification described in today's Federal 
Register document.
    Pursuant to 40 CFR 85.1409, Turbodyne will provide a 100,000-mile 
defect warranty and a 150,000-mile emissions performance warranty for 
the kit, and all of its components.
    EPA's certification of the Engelhard Corporation's ETXTM 
kit (62 FR 12166; March 14, 1997) triggered the 0.10 g/bhp-hr standard 
for 1979-1989 6V92TA MUI engines. That kit provided the three power 
ratings: 253, 277, and 294 hp that are included in this certification. 
Consequently, the certification of the kit described in today's Federal 
Register document, does not trigger the 0.10 g/bhp-hr standard for 
engines included in the certification.

II. Background and Basis for Certification

    In a notification of intent to certify equipment, composed of an 
initial document signed November 14, 1997 and subsequent documents, 
Turbodyne applied for certification of the kit under the Environmental 
Protection Agency's (EPA) Urban Bus Retrofit/Rebuild Program. Engines 
applicable to the certified kit are 6V92TA urban bus engine models made 
by Detroit Diesel Corporation (DDC) from model years 1979 to 1989 that 
are equipped with mechanical unit injectors (MUI) and certified to, or 
rebuilt to, comply with federal emissions standards. The certifier's 
principal place of business is: Turbodyne Systems, Inc., 6155 
Carpinteria Avenue, Carpinteria, CA 93013.
    Using engine dynamometer (transient) testing in accordance with the 
Federal Test Procedure for heavy-duty diesel engines, Turbodyne 
demonstrated compliance with the 0.10 g/bhp-hr particulate matter (PM) 
emissions standard. This is the same test data that was presented for 
the DDC certification dated May 14, 1998 as referenced earlier. Engine 
dynamometer data, shown below in Table A, is the basis for the 
certification approval of the kit when used on applicable engines. The 
emissions test data is part of Turbodyne's notification of intent to 
certify, which is available in the public docket located at the above-
mentioned address. All testing was conducted using #2 low-sulfur diesel 
fuel.

                   Table A.--Exhaust Emissions Summary
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       g/bhp-hr
                                             ---------------------------
                                                             6V92TA MUI
        Gaseous and Particulate Test:           1989 HDDE       with
                                                Standards     Turbodyne
                                                                 kit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
HC..........................................          1.3          0.1
CO..........................................         15.5          0.4
NOx.........................................         10.7          9.8
PM..........................................          0.60         0.091
BSFC \1\....................................  ............         0.464
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Smoke Test:                                     Standards
  ACCEL.....................................        20%            3.3%
  LUG.......................................         15            2.5
  PEAK......................................         50            4.2
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) is measured in units of lb/
  bhp-hr.

    The exhaust emissions data presented by Turbodyne is from testing a 
Detroit Diesel Corporation (DDC) engine model 6V92TA, in accordance 
with procedures set forth at 40 CFR part 86, subparts N and I. The 
engine model was tested after being equipped with the Turbodyne kit. 
The 6V92 engine was tested in one horsepower (hp) rating: 277hp.
    The data of Table A demonstrates that for the test engine, when 
rebuilt with the kit, PM emissions are less than 0.10 g/bhp-hr, and 
emissions of hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), NOx and smoke 
opacity are within applicable federal standards.
    This action applies a PM emissions level of 0.10 g/bhp-hr to all 
1979 through 1989 DDC 6V92TA MUI urban bus engines, when properly 
equipped with the Turbodyne kit and when using either diesel fuel #1 or 
#2. Table B lists the applicable engine models and certification levels 
associated with the certification announced in today's Federal 
Register.

[[Page 44049]]



             Table B.--Certification Level of Turbodyne Kit
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Certification PM
          Engine models              Engine codes            level
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1979-1989, DDC 6V92TA MUI.......  All certified to    0.10 g/bhp-hr.
                                   meet federal
                                   emissions
                                   standards.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    All engines for which the Turbodyne kit is intended to apply are 
expected to meet the 0.10 g/bhp-hr PM standard because the kit 
instructs the rebuilder to replace all emissions-related parts during 
the rebuild with Turbodyne specified parts included in the kit, install 
the converter muffler and install the TurboPac system. The engine-out 
emissions level (upstream of the catalyst) is expected to be 
predictable because all emission-related parts are replaced using the 
Turbodyne specified emissions-related parts and settings of the kit. As 
demonstrated by the test engine, the combination of the specified 
parts, the specified settings of the kit, the converter muffler and the 
TurboPac system, result in a PM level less than 0.10 g/bhp-hr.
    A life cycle cost analysis is necessary only for certification of 
equipment that is meant to trigger a program emissions standard. 
Certification of Engelhard Corporation's ETXTM kit triggered 
the 0.10 g/bhp-hr standard for 6V92TA MUI engines, and made available 
kits rated at 253, 277, and 294 hp. The Turbodyne certification does 
not include a cost analysis and one is not necessary for this 
certification. Turbodyne states that engines equipped with the kit will 
have no additional maintenance or service requirements.

III. Summary and Analysis of Comments and Concerns

    No comments were received in response to the Federal Register 
document of April 19, 1999 (64 FR 19151). However, comments were 
received from five commenters on the identical equipment which was 
certified by DDC earlier. Comments or issues on the earlier DDC 
certification fell into the following general categories: (A) 
applicability of the kit; (B) description of the kit; (C) testing 
demonstration and documentation; (D) life cycle cost analysis; (E) 
warranty; (F) durability, and (G) in-use experience. All 
correspondence, comments, and other documentation are located in the 
public docket at the address above. Interested parties may wish to 
review these comments which are located in the Public Air Docket A-93-
42 (Category XX-A) at the address listed earlier in this document as 
they would also be relevant to the Turbodyne certification discussed 
herein due to the fact that the equipment being certified is identical. 
The comments were summarized in the Federal Register Document that was 
published on May 14, 1998 announcing DDC's certification of identical 
equipment.

IV. Certification

    The Agency has reviewed the notification of intent to certify and 
other information provided by Turbodyne, and finds that the Turbodyne 
kit described herein:
    (1) complies with the particulate matter exhaust emissions standard 
of 0.10 g/bhp-hr, without causing the applicable engine families to 
exceed other exhaust emissions standards;
    (2) will not cause an unreasonable risk to the public health, 
welfare, or safety;
    (3) will not result in any additional range of parameter 
adjustability; and, (4) meets other requirements necessary for 
certification under the Retrofit/Rebuild Requirements for 1993 and 
Earlier Model Year Urban Buses (40 CFR 85.1401 through 85.1415).
    Therefore, today's Federal Register document announces 
certification of the above-described Turbodyne kit for use in the urban 
bus retrofit/rebuild program as discussed below in section V.

V. Transit Operator Responsibilities

    Today's Federal Register document announces certification of the 
above-described Turbodyne kit, when properly applied, as meeting the 
0.10 g/bhp-hr particulate matter standard of the Urban Bus Retrofit/
Rebuild Program.
    In a Federal Register document dated March 14, 1997 (62 FR 12166), 
EPA announced certification of a retrofit/rebuild kit produced by the 
Engelhard Corporation (the ETXTM kit). That certification 
means that urban bus operators using compliance program 1 must use 
equipment certified to the 0.10 g/bhp-hr standard when rebuilding or 
replacing applicable 1979 through 1989 model year DDC 6V92TA MUI model 
engines after September 14, 1997. The certified Turbodyne equipment 
described in today's document may be used by operators in compliance 
with the 0.10 g/bhp-hr standard. Operators using compliance program 2 
having applicable engines may use the certified Turbodyne kit and claim 
the certification PM level from Table B above, when calculating their 
Fleet Level Attained (FLA). Under program 2, an operator must use 
sufficient certified equipment so that its actual fleet emission level 
complies with the target level for its fleet.
    As mentioned above, certification of the Engelhard ETXTM 
kit triggered the 0.10 g/bhp-hr standard for applicable 1979--1989 
6V92TA MUI engines. That kit provides three power ratings: 253, 277, 
and 294 horsepower. Turbodyne will offer this kit in these three power 
ratings as well: 253, 277, and 294hp.
    The kit discussed in today's Federal Register document is not 
applicable to urban bus engines certified to meet California emission 
standards. Additionally, the 0.10 g/bhp-hr PM standard is not triggered 
for engines certified to meet California emission standards. Operators 
of such urban buses, who choose to comply with program 1, are not 
required to use equipment certified to the 0.10 g/bhp-hr PM standard 
until the standard has been triggered for such engines. Operators of 
urban buses having engines certified to meet California emission 
standards, and who choose to comply with program 2, may not use the kit 
described in today's document to meet program requirements.
    As stated in the program regulations (40 CFR 85.1401 through 
85.1415), operators must, beginning January 1, 1995, maintain records 
for each engine in their fleet to demonstrate that they are in 
compliance with the requirements of the Urban Bus Retrofit/Rebuild 
Program. These records include purchase records, receipts, and part 
numbers for the parts and components used in the rebuilding of urban 
bus engines.

Robert D. Brenner,
 Acting Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation.
[FR Doc. 00-18023 Filed 7-14-00; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P