[Federal Register Volume 64, Number 210 (Monday, November 1, 1999)]
[Notices]
[Pages 58879-58895]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 99-28510]


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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Federal Aviation Administration


Index of Administrator's Decisions and Orders of Civil Penalty 
Actions; Publication

AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.

ACTION: Notice of publication.

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SUMMARY: This notice constitutes the required quarterly publication of 
an index of the Administrator's decisions and orders in civil penalty 
cases. This publication represents the quarter ending on September 30, 
1999. This publication ensures that the agency is in compliance with 
statutory indexing requirements.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: James S. Dillman, Assistant Chief 
Counsel for Litigation (AGC-400), Federal Aviation Administration, 400 
7th Street, SW, Suite PL 200-A, Washington, DC 20590: telephone: (202) 
366-4118.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Administrative Procedure Act requires 
Federal agencies to maintain and make available for public inspection 
and copying current indexes containing identifying information 
regarding materials required to be made available or published. 5 
U.S.C. 552(a)(2). In a notice issued on July 11, 1990, and published in 
the Federal Register (55 FR 29148; July 17, 1990), the FAA announced 
the public availability of several indexes and summaries that provide 
identifying information about the decisions and orders issued by the 
Administrator under the FAA's civil penalty assessment authority and 
the rules of practice governing hearings and appeals of civil penalty 
actions. 14 CFR Part 13, Subpart G.
    The FAA maintains an index of the Administrator's decisions and 
orders in civil penalty actions organized by order number and 
containing identifying information about each decision or order. The 
FAA also maintains a cumulative subject-matter index and digests 
organized by order number.
    The indexes are published on a quarterly basis (i.e., January, 
April, July, and October.) This publication represents the quarter 
ending on March 31, 1999.
    The FAA first published these indexes and digests for all decisions 
and orders issued by the Administrator through September 30, 1990. 55 
FR 45984; October 31, 1990. The FAA announced in that notice that only 
the subject-matter index would be published cumulatively and that the 
order number index would be non-cumulative. The FAA announced in a 
later notice that the order number indexes published in January would 
reflect all of civil penalty decisions for the previous year. 58 FR 
5044; 1/19/93.
    The previous quarterly publications of these indexes have appeared 
in the Federal Register as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Dates of quarter              Federal Register  publication
------------------------------------------------------------------------
11/1/89-9/30/90........................  55 FR 45984; 10/31/90
10/1/90-12/31/90.......................  56 FR 44886; 2/6/91
1/1/91-3/31/91.........................  56 FR 20250; 5/2/91
4/1/91-6/30/91.........................  56 FR 31984; 7/21/91
7/1/91-9/30/91.........................  56 FR 51735; 10/15/91
10/1/91-12/31/91.......................  57 FR 2299; 1/21/92
1/1/92-3/31/92.........................  57 FR 12359; 4/9/92
4/1/92-6/30/92.........................  57 FR 32825; 7/23/92
7/1/92-9/30/92.........................  57 FR 48255; 10/22/92
10/1/92-12/31/92.......................  58 FR 5044; 1/19/93
1/1/93-3/31/93.........................  58 FR 21199; 4/19/93
4/1/93-6/30/93.........................  58 FR 42120; 8/6/93
7/1/93-9/30/93.........................  58 FR 58218; 10/29/93
10/1/93-12/31/93.......................  59 FR 5466; 2/4/94
1/1/94-3/31/94.........................  59 FR 22196; 4/29/94
4/1/94-6/30/94.........................  59 FR 39618; 8/3/94
7/1/94-12/31/94........................  60 FR 4454; 1/23/95
1/1/95-3/31/95.........................  60 FR 19318; 4/17/95
4/1/95-6/30/95.........................  60 FR 36814; 7/18/95
7/1/95-9/30/95.........................  60 FR 53228; 10/12/95
10/1/95-12/31/95.......................  61 FR 1972; 1/24/96
1/1/96-3/31/96.........................  61 FR 16955; 4/18/96
4/1/96-6/30/96.........................  61 FR 37526; 7/18/96
7/1/96-9/30/96.........................  61 FR 54833; 10/22/96
10/1/96-12/31/96.......................  62 FR 2434; 1/16/97
1/1/97-3/31/97.........................  62 FR 24533; 5/2/97
4/1/97-6/30/97.........................  62 FR 38339; 7/17/97
7/1/97-9/30/97.........................  62 FR 53856; 10/16/97
10/1/97-12/31/97.......................  63 FR 3373; 1/22/98
1/1/98-3/31/98.........................  63 FR 19559; 4/20/98
4/1/98-6/30/98.........................  63 FR 37914; 7/14/98
7/1/98-9/30/98.........................  63 FR 57729; 10/28/98
10/1/98-12/31/98.......................  64 FR 1855; 1/12/99
1/1/99-3/31/99.........................  64 FR 24690; 5/7/99
4/1/99-6/30/99.........................  64 FR 43236; 8/9/99
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The civil penalty decisions and orders, and the indexes and digests 
are available in FAA offices. In addition, the Administrator's civil 
penalty decisions have been published by commercial publishers (Hawkins 
Publishing Company and Clark Boardman Callaghan) and are available on 
computer on-line services (Westlaw, LEXIS, Compuserve and FedWorld). (A 
list of the addresses of the FAA offices where the civil penalty 
decisions may be reviewed and information regarding these commercial 
publications and computer databases are provided at the end of this 
notice.)
    Information regarding the accessibility of materials filed in 
recently initiated civil penalty cases in FAA civil penalty cases at 
the DOT Docket and over the Internet is also set forth at the end of 
this notice.

[[Page 58880]]

Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator

Order Number Index

    (This index includes all decisions and orders issued by the 
Administrator from July 1, 1999, to September 30, 1999)

99-4--Warbelow's Air Ventures
7/1/99--CP97AL0012
99-5--Africa Air Corp.
8/31/99--CP96EA0044
99-6--James K. Squire
8/31/99--CP97WP0007
99-7--Premier Jets
8/31/99--CP97NM0005
99-8--Michael McDermott
8/31/99--CP98WP0055
99-9--Lifeflite Medical Air Transport
8/31/99--CP98WP0062
99-10--Azteca Aviation
8/31/99--CP97SW0024, CP98SW0015
99-11--Evergreen Helicopters
8/31/99--CP97AL0001

Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator

Subject Matter Index

(Current as of September 30, 1999)

Administrative Law Judges--Power and Authority:
    Continuance of hearing.............................  91-11 Continental Airlines; 92-29 Haggland.
    Credibility findings...............................  90-21 Carroll; 92-3 Park; 93-17 Metcalf; 94-3 Valley
                                                          Air; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental; 95-25 Conquest;
                                                          95-26 Hereth; 97-20 Werle; 97-30 Emergy Worldwide
                                                          Airlines; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-18 General
                                                          Aviation; 99-6 Squire.
    Default Judgment...................................  91-11 Continental Airlines; 92-47 Cornwall; 94-8 Nunez;
                                                          94-22 Harkins; 94-28 Toyota; 95-10 Diamond; 97-28
                                                          Continental Airlines; 97-33 Rawlings; 98-13 Air St.
                                                          Thomas.
    Discovery..........................................  89-6 American Airlines; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54
                                                          Alaska Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 93-10 Costello.
    Expert Testimony...................................  94-21 Sweeney.
    Granting extensions of time........................  90-27 Gabbert.
    Hearing location...................................  92-50 Cullop.
    Hearing request....................................  93-12 Langton; 94-6 Strohl; 94-27 Larsen; 94-37
                                                          Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
    Initial Decision...................................  92-1 Costello; 92-32 Barnhill.
        Lateness of....................................  97-31 Sanford Air.
        Should include requirement to file appeal brief  98-5 Squire.
         in decision.
    Jurisdiction:
        Generally,.....................................  90-20 Degenhardt; 90-33 Cato; 92-1 Costello; 92-32
                                                          Barnhill.
        After issuance of order assessing civil penalty  94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner; 97-33 Rawlings.
        When complaint is withdrawn....................  94-39 Kirola.
    Motion for Decision................................  92-73 Wyatt; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-11
                                                          Merkley; 96-24 Horizon; 98-20 Koenig.
    No authority to extend due date for late Answer      95-28 Atlantic World Airways; 97-18 Robinson; 98-4
     without showing of good cause. (See also Answer).    Larry's Flying Service.
    Notice of Hearing..................................  92-31 Eaddy.
    Regulate proceedings...............................  97-20 Werle.
    Sanction...........................................  90-37 Northwest Airlines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 94-22
                                                          Harkins; 94-28 Toyota.
    Service of law judges by parties...................  97-18 Robinson.
    Vacate initial decision............................  90-20 Degenhardt; 92-32 Barnhill; 95-6 Sutton.
Aerial Photograph......................................  95-25 Conquest Helicopters.
Agency Attorney........................................  93-13 Medel.
Air Carrier:
    Agent/independent contractor of....................  92-70 USAir.
    Careless or Reckless...............................  92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Duty of care:
    Non-delegable......................................  92-70 USAir; 96-16 Westair Commuter; 96-24 Horizon; 97-
                                                          8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 99-12
                                                          TWA.
    Employee...........................................  93-18 Westair Commuter; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-
                                                          Island Helicopters; 99-12 TWA.
    Ground Security Coordinator, Failure to provide....  96-16 WestAir Commuter.
    Intoxicated Passenger:
        Allowing to board..............................  98-11 TWA.
        Serving alcohol to.............................  98-11 TWA.
    Liability for acts/omissions of employees in the     98-11 TWA, 99-12 TWA.
     scope of employment.
Aircraft Maintenance (See also Airworthiness,
 Maintenance Manual):
    Generally..........................................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-8 Watts Agricultural
                                                          Aviation; 93-36 & 94-3 Valley Air; 94-38 Bohan; 95-11
                                                          Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines; 97-8 Pacific Av.
                                                          d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10
                                                          Alphin; 97-11 Hampton; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines;
                                                          97-31 Sanford Air; 98-18 General Aviation; 99-5 Africa
                                                          Air.
    Acceptable methods, techniques, and practices......  96-3 America West Airlines.
    After certificate revocation.......................  92-73 Wyatt.
    Airworthiness Directive, compliance with...........  96-18 Kilrain; 97-9 Alphin.
    Inspection.........................................  96-18 Kilrain; 97-10 Alphin.
    Major alterations: Failed to prove.................  99-5 Africa Air.

[[Page 58881]]

 
    Major/minor repairs................................  96-3 America West Airlines.
    Minimum Equipment List (MEL).......................  94-38 Bohan; 95-11 Horizon; 97-11 Hampton; 97-21 Delta;
                                                          97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
Aircraft Records:
    Aircraft Operation.................................  91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
    Flight and Duty Time...............................  96-4 South Aero.
    Maintenance Records................................  91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 94-2 Woodhouse; 97-30
                                                          Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-31 Sanford Air; 98-18
                                                          General Aviation.
    ``Yellow tags''....................................  91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Aircraft-Weight and Balance (See Weight and Balance)
Airmen:
    Pilots.............................................  91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
                                                          Richardson & Shimp; 93-17 Metcalf.
    Airline Transport Pilot certificates requirement in  99-11 Evergreen Helicopters.
     foreign aviation by Part 135 operator.
    Altitude deviation.................................  92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
    Careless or Reckless...............................  91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
                                                          Richardson & Shimp; 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf; 93-
                                                          29 Sweeney; 96-17 Fenner.
    Flight time limitations............................  93-11 Merkley.
    Flight Time records................................  99-7 Premier Jets.
    Follow ATC Instruction.............................  91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-49
                                                          Richardson & Shimp.
    Low Flight.........................................  92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf.
    Owner's responsibility.............................  96-17 Fenner.
    See and Avoid......................................  93-29 Sweeney.
Air Operations Area (AOA):
    Air Carrier Responsibilities.......................  90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-33 Delta Air Lines; 94-1
                                                          Delta Air Lines.
    Airport Operator Responsibilities..................  90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
                                                          18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41
                                                          [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 96-1
                                                          [Airport Operator]; 98-7 LAX.
    Badge Display......................................  91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-33 Delta Air Lines; 99-1
                                                          American Airlines.
    Definition of......................................  90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
                                                          58 [Airport Operator].
    Exclusive Areas....................................  90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-
                                                          58 [Airport Operator]; 98-7 LAX.
Airport Security Program (ASP):
    Compliance with....................................  91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
                                                          40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58
                                                          [Airport Operator]; 94-1 Delta Air Lines; 96-1
                                                          [Airport Operator]; 97-23 Detroit Metropolitan; 98-7
                                                          LAX; Airport Operator.
    Responsibilities...................................  90-12 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airlines Operator];
                                                          91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-
                                                          41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 96-1
                                                          [Airport Operator]; 97-23 Detroit Metropolitan.
Air Traffic Control (ATC):
    Error as mitigating factor.........................  91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne.
    Error as exonerating factor........................  91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-40 Wendt.
    Ground Control.....................................  91-12 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
    Local Control......................................  91-12 Terry & Menne.
    Tapes & Transcripts................................  91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
Airworthiness..........................................  91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 92-10 Flight
                                                          Unlimited; 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 94-2 Woodhouse; 95-11
                                                          Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-18 Kilrain; 94-
                                                          25 USAir; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a/ Inter-Island
                                                          Helicopters; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10 Alphin; 97-11 Hampton;
                                                          97-21 Delta; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-32
                                                          Florida Propeller; 98-18 General Aviation.
    Amicus Curiae Briefs...............................  90-25 Gabbert.
Answer:
    ALJ may not extend due date for late answer unless   95-28 Atlantic World Airways; 97-18 Robinson; 97-33
     good cause shown.                                    Rawlings; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service.
    Reply to each numbered paragraph in the complaint    98-21 Blankson.
     required.
    Timeliness of answer...............................  90-3 Metz; 90-15 Playter; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-47
                                                          Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-5
                                                          Grant; 94-29 Sutton; 94-30 Columna; 94-43 Perez; 95-10
                                                          Diamond; 95-28 Atlantic World Airways; 97-18 Robinson;
                                                          97-19 Missirlian; 97-33 Rawlings; 97-38 Air St.
                                                          Thomas; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service; 98-13 Air St
                                                          Thomas; 99-8 McDermott; 99-9 Lifeflite Medical Air
                                                          Transport.
    What constitutes...................................  92-32 Barnhill; 92-75 Beck; 97-19 Missirlian.
Appeals (See also Filing; Timeliness; Mailing Rule):
    Briefs, Generally..................................  89-4 Metz; 91-45 Park; 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall;
                                                          92-39 Beck; 93-24 Steel City Aviation; 93-28 Strohl;
                                                          94-23 Perez; 95-13 Kilrain.

[[Page 58882]]

 
    Additional Appeal Brief............................  92-3 Park; 93-5 Wendt; 93-6 Westair Commuter; 93-28
                                                          Strohl; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-
                                                          29 Sutton; 97-22 Sanford Air; 97-34 Continental
                                                          Airlines; 97-38 Air St. Thomas; 98-18 General
                                                          Aviation; 99-11 Evergreen Helicopter.
    Appeal dismissed as premature......................  95-19 Rayner.
    Appeal dismissed as moot after complaint withdrawn.  92-9 Griffin.
    Appellate arguments................................  92-70 USAir.
    Court of Appeals, appeal to (See Federal Courts)
    Good Cause for Late-Filed Brief or Notice of Appeal  90-3 Metz; 90-27 Gabbert; 90-39 Hart; 91-10 Graham; 91-
                                                          24 Esau; 91-48 Wendt; 91-50 & 92-1 Costello; 92-3
                                                          Park; 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-39 Beck; 92-41 Moore & Sabre
                                                          Associates; 92-52 Beck; 92-57 Detroit Metro Wayne Co.
                                                          Airport; 92-69 McCabe; 93-23 Allen; 93-27 Simmons; 93-
                                                          31 Allen; 95-2 Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-25
                                                          Conquest, 97-6 WRA Inc.; 97-7 Stalling; 97-28
                                                          Continental; 97-38 Air St. Thomas; 98-1 V. Taylor; 98-
                                                          13 Air St. Thomas; 99-4 Warbelow's Air Ventures.
    Motion to Vacate construed as a brief..............  91-11 Continental Airlines.
    Perfecting an Appeal, generally....................  92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall; 92-39 Beck; 94-23
                                                          Perez; 95-13 Kilrain; 96-5 Alphin Aircraft; 98-20
                                                          Koenig.
        Extension of Time for (good cause for).........  89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-26 Britt Airways; 91-
                                                          32 Bargen; 91-50 Costello; 93-2 & 93-3 Wendt; 93-24
                                                          Steel City Aviation; 93-32 Nunez, 98-5 Squire; 98-15
                                                          Squire; 99-3 Justice; 99-4 Warbelow's Air Ventures.
        Failure to.....................................  89-1 Gressani; 89-7 Zenkner; 90-11 Thunderbird
                                                          Accessories; 90-35 P. Adams; 90-39 Hart; 91-7 Pardue;
                                                          91-10 Graham; 91-20 Bargen; 91-43, 91-44, 91-46 & 91-
                                                          47 Delta Air Lines; 92-11 Alilin; 92-15 Dillman; 92-18
                                                          Bargen; 92-34 Carrell, 92-35 Bay Land Aviation; 92-36
                                                          Southwest Airlines; 92-45 O'Brien; 92-56 Montauk
                                                          Caribbean Airways; 92-67 USAir; 92-68 Weintraub; 92-78
                                                          TWA; 93-7 Dunn; 93-8 Nunez; 93-20 Smith; 93-23 & 93-31
                                                          Allen; 93-34 Castle Aviation; 93-35 Steel City
                                                          Aviation; 94-12 Bartusiak; 94-24 Page; 94-26 French
                                                          Aircraft; 94-34 American International Airways; 94-35
                                                          American International Airways; 94-36 American
                                                          International Airways; 95-4 Hanson; 95-22 & 96-5
                                                          Alphin Aircraft; 96-2 Skydiving Center; 96-13 Winslow;
                                                          97-3 [Airport Operator], 97-6 WRA, Inc.; 97-15 Houston
                                                          & Johnson County; 97-35 Gordon Air Services; 97-36
                                                          Avcon; 97-37 Roush; 98-10 Rawlings; 99-2 Oxygen
                                                          Systems.
        Notice of appeal construed as appeal brief.....  92-39 Beck; 94-15 Columna; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-23
                                                          Atlantic World Airways; 96-20 Missirlian; 97-2 Sanford
                                                          Air; 98-5 Squire; 98-17 Blue Ridge Airlines; 98-23
                                                          Instead Balloon Services; 99-3 Justice; 99-8
                                                          McDermott.
        What Constitutes...............................  90-4 Metz; 90-27 Gabbert; 91-45 Park; 92-7 West; 92-17
                                                          Giuffrida; 92-39 Beck; 93-7 Dunn; 94-15 Columna; 94-23
                                                          Perez; 94-30 Columna; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-23 Atlantic
                                                          World Airways; 96-20 Missirlian; 97-2 Sanford Air.
    Service of brief: Failure to serve other party.....  92-17 Guiffrida; 92-19 Cornwall.
    Timeliness of Notice of Appeal.....................  90-3 Metz; 90-39 Hart; 91-50 Costello; 92-7 West; 92-69
                                                          McCable; 93-27 Simmons; 95-2 Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse;
                                                          95-15 Alphin Aviation; 96-14 Midtown Neon Sign Corp;
                                                          97-7 & 97-17 Stallings; 97-28 Continental; 97-38 Air
                                                          St. Thomas; 98-1 V. Taylor; 98-13 Air St. Thomas; 98-
                                                          16 Blue Ridge Airlines; 98-17 Blue Ridge Airlines; 98-
                                                          21 Blankson.

[[Page 58883]]

 
    Withdrawal of......................................  89-2 Lincoln-Walker; 89-3 Sittko; 90-4 Nordrum; 90-5
                                                          Sussman; 90-6 Dabaghian; 90-7 Steele; 90-8 Jenkins; 90-
                                                          9 Van Zandt; 90-13 O'Dell; 90-14 Miller; 90-28 Puleo;
                                                          90-29 Sealander; 90-30 Steidinger; 90-34 D. Adams; 90-
                                                          40 & 90-41 Westair Commuter Airlines; 91-1 Nestor; 91-
                                                          5 Jones; 91-6 Lowery; 91-13 Kreamer; 91-14 Swanton; 91-
                                                          15 Knipe; 91-16 Lopez; 91-19 Bayer; 91-21 Britt
                                                          Airways; 91-22 Omega Silicone Co.; 91-23 Continental
                                                          Airlines; 91-25 Sanders; 91-27 Delta Air Lines; 91-28
                                                          Continental Airlines; 91-29 Smith; 91-34 GASPRO; 91-35
                                                          M. Graham; 91-36; Howard; 91-37 Vereen; 91-39 America
                                                          West; 91-42 Pony Express; 91-49 Shields; 91-56 Mayhan;
                                                          91-57 Britt Airways; 91-59 Griffin; 91-60 Brinton; 92-
                                                          2 Koller; 92-4 Delta Air Lines; 92-6 Rothgeb; 92-12
                                                          Bertetto; 92-20 Delta Air Lines; 92-21 Cronberg; 92-
                                                          22, 92-23, 92-24, 92-25, 92-26 & 92-28 Delta Air
                                                          Lines; 92-33 Port Authority of NY & NJ; 92-43 Delta
                                                          Air Lines; 92-44 Owens; 92-53 Humble; 92-54 & 92-55
                                                          Northwest Airlines; 92-60 Costello; 92-61 Romerdahl;
                                                          92-62 USAir; 92-63 Schaefer; 92-64 & 92-65 Delta Air
                                                          Lines; 92-66 Sabre Associates & Moore; 92-79 Delta Air
                                                          Lines; 93-1 Powell & Co.; 93-4 Harrah; 93-14 Fenske;
                                                          93-15 Brown; 93-21 Delta Air Lines; 93-22 Yannotone;
                                                          93-26 Delta Air Lines; 93-33 HPH Aviation; 94-9 B & G
                                                          Instruments; 94-10 Boyle; 94-11 Pan American Airways;
                                                          94-13 Boyle; 94-14 B & G Instruments; 94-16 Ford; 94-
                                                          33 Trans World Airlines; 94-41 Dewey Towner; 94-42
                                                          Taylor; 95-1 Diamond Aviation; 95-3 Delta Air Lines;
                                                          95-5 Araya; 95-6 Sutton; 95-7 Empire Airlines; 95-20
                                                          USAir; 95-21 Faisca; 95-24 Delta Air Lines; 96-7 Delta
                                                          Air Lines; 96-8 Empire Airlines; 96-10 USAir; 96-11
                                                          USAir, 96-12 USAir; 96-21 Houseal; 97-4 [Airport
                                                          Operator]; 97-5 WestAir; 97-25 Martin & Jaworski; 97-
                                                          26 Delta Air Lines; 97-27 Lock Haven; 97-39 Delta Air
                                                          Lines; 98-9 Continental Express;
Assault (See also Battery, and Passenger Misconduct)...  96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer.
``Attempt''............................................  89-5 Schultz.
Attorney Conduct: Obstreperous or Disruptive...........  94-39 Kirola.
Attorney Fees (See EAJA)
Aviation Safety Reporting System.......................  90-39 Hart; 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson &
                                                          Shimp.
Baggage Matching.......................................  98-6 Continental; 99-12 TWA.
Balloon (Hot Air)......................................  94-2 Woodhouse.
Bankruptcy.............................................  91-2 Continental Airlines.
Battery (See also Assault and Passenger Misconduct)....  96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer.
Certificates and Authorizations: Surrender when revoked  92-73 Wyatt.
Civil Air Security National Airport Inspection Program   91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
 (CASNAIP).                                               40 [Airport Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58
                                                          [Airport Operator].
Civil Penalty Amount (See Sanction)
Closing Argument (See Final Oral Argument)
Collateral Estoppel....................................  91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
Complaint:
    Complainant Bound By...............................  90-10 Webb; 91-53 Koller.
    No Timely Answer to (See Answer)
    Partial Dismissal/Full Sanction....................  94-19 Pony Express; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
    Staleness (See Stale Complaint Rule)
    Statute of Limitations (See Statute of Limitations)
    Timeliness of complaint............................  91-51 Hagwood; 93-13 Medel; 94-7 Hereth; 94-5 Grant.
    Withdrawal of......................................  94-39 Kirola; 95-6 Sutton.
Compliance & Enforcement Program:
    (FAA Order No. 2150.3A)............................  89-5 Schultz; 89-6 American Airlines; 91-38 Esau; 92-5
                                                          Delta Air Lines
    Compliance/Enforcement Bulletin 92-3...............  96-19 [Air Carrier].
    Sanction Guidance Table............................  89-5 Schultz; 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 90-37
                                                          Northwest Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 92-5 Delta Air Lines;
                                                          98-18 General Aviation.
Concealment of Weapons (See Weapons Violations):
Consolidation of Cases.................................  90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines.
Constitutionality of Regulations (See also Double        90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18 Continental Airlines;
 Jeopardy).                                               90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
                                                          96-1 [Airport Operator]; 90-25 USAir; 97-16 Mauna Kea;
                                                          97-34 Continental Airlines; 98-6 Continental Airlines;
                                                          98-11 TWA; 99-1 American; 99-12 TWA
Continuance of Hearing.................................  90-25 Gabbert; 92-29 Haggland.
Corrective Action (See Sanction)
Counsel:
    Leave to withdraw..................................  97-24 Gordon.
    No right to assigned counsel (See Due Process)
Credibility of Witnesses:
    Generally..........................................  95-25 Conquest Helicopters; 95-26 Hereth; 97-32 Florida
                                                          Propeller.
    Bias...............................................  97-9 Alphin.

[[Page 58884]]

 
    Defer to ALJ determination of......................  90-21 Carroll; 92-3 Park; 92-17 Metcalf; 95-26 Hereth;
                                                          97-20 Werle; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-32
                                                          Florida Propeller; 98-11 TWA; 98-18 General Aviation;
                                                          99-6 Squire.
    Experts............................................  (See also Witness) 90-27 Gabbert; 93-17 Metcalf; 96-3
                                                          America West Airlines.
    Impeachment........................................  94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
    Reliability of Identification by eyewitnesses......  97-20 Werle.
De facto answer........................................  92-32 Barnhill.
Delay in initiating action.............................  90-21 Carroll.
Deliberative Process Privilege.........................  89-6 American Airlines; 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
                                                          Continental Airlines.
Deterrence.............................................  89-5 Schultz; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-
                                                          17 Larry's Flying Service; 97-11 Hampton.
Discovery:
    Deliberative Process Privilege.....................  89-6 American Airlines; 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
                                                          Continental Airlines.
    Depositions, generally.............................  91-54 Alaska Airlines.
        Notice of deposition...........................  91-54 Alaska Airlines.
    Failure to Produce.................................  90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-17, KDS
                                                          Aviation; 93-10 Costello.
        Sanction for...................................  91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
    Regarding Unrelated Case...........................  92-46 Sutton-Sautter.
Double Jeopardy........................................  95-8 Charter Airlines; 96-26 Midtown.
Due Process:
    Generally..........................................  89-6 American Airlines; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-
                                                          37 Northwest Airlines; 96-1 [Airport Operator]; 97-8
                                                          Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 99-12 TWA.
    Before finding a violation.........................  90-27 Gabbert.
    Mutiple violations.................................  96-26 Midtown; 97-9 Alphin.
    No right to assigned counsel.......................  97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9
                                                          Alphine; 99-6 Squire.
    Violation of.......................................  89-6 American Airlines; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-
                                                          37 Northwest Airlines; 96-1 [Airport Operator]; 97-8
                                                          Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopter; 98-19
                                                          Martin & Jaworski.
EAJA:
    Adversary Adjudication.............................  90-17 Wilson; 91-17 & 91-52 KDS Aviation; 94-17 TCI; 95-
                                                          12 Toyota.
    Amount of award....................................  95-27 Valley Air.
    Appeal from ALJ decision...........................  95-9 Woodhouse.
    Expert witness fees................................  95-27 Valley Air.
    Final disposition..................................  96-22 Woodhouse.
    Further proceedings................................  91-52 KDS Aviation.
    Jurisdiction over appeal...........................  92-74 Wendt; 96-22 Woodhouse.
        Late-filed application.........................  96-22 Woodhouse.
    Other expenses.....................................  93-29 Sweeney.
    Position of agency.................................  95-27 Valley Air.
    Prevailing party...................................  91-52 KDS Aviation.
    Special circumstances..............................  95-18 Pacific Sky.
    Substantial justification..........................  91-52 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 93-9 Wendt; 95-18 Pacific
                                                          Sky; 95-27 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air; 98-19 Martin
                                                          & Jaworski.
    Supplementation of application.....................  95-27 Valley Air.
Evidence (See Proof & Evidence)
Ex Parte Communications................................  93-10 Costello; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-19 Rayner.
Expert Witnesses (See Witness)
Extension of Time:
    By Agreement of Parties............................  89-6 American Airlines; 92-41 Moore & Sabre Associates.
    Dismissal by Decisionmaker.........................  89-7 Zenkler; 90-39 Hart.
    Good Cause for.....................................  89-8 Thunderbird Accessories.
    Objection to.......................................  89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 93-3 Wendt.
    Who may grant......................................  90-27 Gabbert.
Federal Courts.........................................  92-7 West; 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-8 Carr; 99-12
                                                          TWA.
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.......................  91-17 KDS Aviation.
Federal Rules of Evidence (See also Proof & Evidence):
    Admissions.........................................  96-25 USAir, 99-5 Africa Air.
        Evidentiary admissions are rebuttable..........  99-5 Africa Air.
    Settlement Offers (Rule 408).......................  95-16 Mulhall; 96-25 USAir; 99-5 Africa Air.
        Admissions contained as part of settlement       99-5 Africa Air.
         offers excluded.
    Subsequent Remedial Measures.......................  96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir.
Final Oral Argument....................................  92-3 Park.
Firearms (See Weapons)
Ferry Flights..........................................  95-8 Charter Airlines.
Filing (See also Appeals; Timeliness)
    Burden to prove date of filing.....................  97-11 Hampton Air; 98-1 V. Taylor.
    Discrepancy between certificate of service and       98-16 Blue Ridge Airlines.
     postmark.
    Service on designated representative...............  98-19 Martin & Jaworski.

[[Page 58885]]

 
Flight & Duty Time:
    Circumstances beyond crew's control                  .......................................................
        Generally......................................  95-8 Charter Airlines.
        Foreseeability.................................  95-8 Charter Airlines.
        Late freight...................................  95-8 Charter Airlines.
        Weather........................................  95-8 Charter Airlines.
    Competency check flights...........................  96-4 South Aero.
    Limitation of Duty Time............................  95-8 Charter Airlines; 96-4 South Aero.
    Limitation of Flight Time..........................  95-8 Charter Airlines.
        ``Other commercial flying''....................  95-8 Charter Airlines.
    Recordkeeping:
        Individual flight time records for each Part     99-7 Premier Jets.
         135 pilot.
Flights................................................  94-20 Conquest Helicopters.
Freedom of Information Act.............................  93-10 Costello.
Fuel Exhaustion........................................  95-26 Hereth.
Guns (See Weapons)
Ground Security Coordinator, (See also Air Carrier;      96-16 WestAir Commuter.
 Standard Security Program) Failure to provide.
Hazardous Materials:
    Transportation of, generally.......................  90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 92-77
                                                          TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling;
                                                          95-12 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown.
    Civil Penalty, generally...........................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
                                                          96-26 Midtown; 98-2 Carr.
        Corrective Action..............................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota.
        Culpability....................................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
        Financial hardship.............................  95-16 Mulhall.
            Installment plan...........................  95-16 Mulhall.
        First-time violation...........................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
        Gravity of violation...........................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 96-26 Midtown;
                                                          98-2 Carr.
        Minimum penalty................................  95-16 Mulhall; 98-2 Carr.
        Number of violations...........................  95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-2 Carr.
        Redundant violations...........................  95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-2 Carr.
    Criminal Penalty...................................  92-77 TCI; 94-31 Smalling.
    EAJA, applicability of.............................  94-17 TCI; 95-12 Toyota.
    Individual violations..............................  95-16 Mulhall.
    Judicial review....................................  97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-8 Carr.
    Knowingly..........................................  92-77 TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-31 Smalling.
    Specific hazard class transported:
        Combustible Paint..............................  95-16 Mulhall.
        Corrosive:
            Wet Battery................................  94-28 Toyota Motor Sales.
            Other......................................  92-77 TCI.
        Explosive Fireworks............................  94-31 Smalling; 98-2 Carr.
        Flammable:
            Paint......................................  96-26 Midtown Neon Sign.
            Turpentine.................................  95-16 Mulhall.
        Radioactive....................................  94-19 Pony Express.
Hearing: Failure of party to attend....................  98-23 Instead Balloon Services.
Informal Conference....................................  94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
Initial Decision: What constitutes.....................  92-32 Barnhill.
Interference with crewmembers (See also Passenger        92-3 Park; 96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-11 TWA; 98-12
 Misconduct; Assault).                                    Stout.
Interlocutory Appeal...................................  89-6 American Airlines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 93-37
                                                          Airspect; 94-32 Detroit Metropolitan; 98-25 Gotbetter.
Internal FAA Policy &/or Procedures....................  89-6 American Airlines; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 92-
                                                          73 Wyatt.
Jurisdiction:
    After initial decision.............................  90-20 Degenhardt; 90-33 Cato; 92-32 Barnhill; 93-28
                                                          Strohl.
    After Order Assessing Civil Penalty................  94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
    After withdrawal of complaint......................  94-39 Kirola.
    $50,000 Limit......................................  90-12 Continental Airlines.
    EAJA cases.........................................  92-74 Wendt; 96-22 Woodhouse.
    HazMat cases.......................................  92-76 Safety Equipment.
    NTSB...............................................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
    Statutory authority to regulate flights entirely     99-11 Evergreen Helicopters.
     outside of U.S. questioned.
Knowledge of concealed weapon (See also Weapons          89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt.
 Violation).
Laches (See Delay in initiating action):
Mailing Rule, generally................................  89-7 Zenkner; 90-3 Metz; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
                                                          90-39 Hart; 98-20 Koenig.
    Overnight express delivery.........................  89-6 American Airlines.
Maintenance (See Aircraft Maintenance):
Maintenance Instruction................................  93-36 Valley Air.
Maintenance Manual.....................................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 96-25 USAir.
    Air carrier maintenance manual.....................  96-3 America West Airlines.

[[Page 58886]]

 
    Approved/accepted repairs..........................  96-3 America West Airlines.
    Manufacturer's maintenance manual..................  96-3 America West Airlines; 97-31 Sanford Air; 97-32
                                                          Florida Propeller.
Minimum Equipment List (MEL) (See Aircraft Maintenance)
Mootness, appeal dismissed as moot.....................  92-9 Griffin; 94-17 TCI.
National Aviation Safety Inspection Program (NASIP)....  90-16 Rocky Mountain.
National Transportation Safety Board Administrator not   91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp; 93-18
 bound by NTSB case law.                                  Westair Commuter.
    Lack of jurisdiction...............................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-17 Wilson; 92-74
                                                          Wendt.
Notice of Hearing Receipt..............................  92-31 Eaddy.
Notice of Proposed Civil Penalty:
    Initiates Action...................................  91-9 Continental Airlines.
    Signature of agency attorney.......................  93-12 Langton.
    Withdrawal of......................................  90-17 Wilson.
Operate, generally.....................................  91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 96-
                                                          17 Fenner.
    Responsibility of aircraft owner/operator for        96-17 Fenner.
     actions of pilot.
Oral Argument before Administrator on appeal:
    Decision to hold...................................  92-16 Wendt.
    Instructions for...................................  92-27 Wendt.
Order Assessing Civil Penalty:
    Appeal from........................................  92-1 Costello; 95-19 Rayner.
    Timeliness of request for hearing..................  95-19 Rayner.
    Withdrawal of......................................  89-4 Metz; 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-22 USAir; 95-19
                                                          Rayner; 97-7 Stalling.
Parachuting............................................  98-3 Fedele.
Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA): Failure to obtain...  93-19 Pacific Sky Supply.
Passenger Misconduct...................................  92-3 Park.
    Assault/Battery....................................  96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-11 TWA.
    Interference with a crewmember.....................  96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-11 TWA; 98-12 Stout.
    Smoking............................................  92-37 Giuffrida; 99-6 Squire.
        Hearing loss and failure to obey instructions    99-6 Squire.
         re: not smoking.
    Stowing carry-on items.............................  97-12 Mayer.
Penalty (See Sanction; Hazardous Materials)
Person.................................................  93-18 Westair Commuter.
Prima Facie Case (See also Proof & Evidence)...........  95-26 Hereth; 96-3 America West Airlines.
Proof & Evidence (See also Federal Rules of Evidence):
    Admissions.........................................  99-5 Africa Air.
        Evidentiary admission is rebuttable............  99-5 Africa Air.
    Affirmative Defense................................  92-13 Delta Air Lines; 92-72 Giuffrida; 98-6
                                                          Continental Airlines.
    Burden of Proof....................................  90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 91-30 Trujillo; 92-
                                                          13 Delta Air Lines; 92-72 Giuffrida; 93-29 Sweeney; 97-
                                                          32 Florida Propeller.
    Circumstantial Evidence............................  90-12, 90-19 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 93-29
                                                          Sweeney; 96-3 America West Airlines; 97-10 Alphin; 97-
                                                          11 Hampton; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-6 Continental
                                                          Airlines.
    Credibility (See Administrative Law Judges;
     Credibility of Witnesses)
    Criminal standard rejected.........................  91-12 Terry & Menne.
    Closing Arguments (See also Final Oral Argument)...  94-20 Conquest Helicopters.
    Extra-record material..............................  95-26 Hereth; 96-24 Horizon.
    Hearsay............................................  92-72 Giuffrida; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 98-11
                                                          TWA.
    Offer of proof.....................................  97-32 Florida Propeller.
    Preponderance of evidence..........................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-12 Continental
                                                          Airlines; 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-72
                                                          Giuffrida; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines; 97-31
                                                          Sanford Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-3 Fedele; 98-
                                                          6 Continental Airlines; 98-11 TWA.
    Presumption that message on ATC tape is received as  91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
     transmitted.
    Presumption that a gun is deadly or dangerous......  90-26 Waddell; 91-30 Trujillo.
    Presumption that owner gave pilot permission.......  96-17 Fenner.
    Prima facie case...................................  95-26 Hereth, 96-3 America West; 98-6 Continental
                                                          Airlines.
    Settlement offer...................................  95-16 Mulhall; 96-25 USAir; 99-5 Africa Air.
        Admission as part of settlement offer excluded.  99-5 Africa Air.
    Subsequent remedial measures.......................  96-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir.
    Substantial evidence...............................  92-72 Giuffrida.
Pro Se Parties:
    Special Considerations.............................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-3 Metz; 95-25
                                                          Conquest.
    Prosecutorial Discretion...........................  89-6 American Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-38
                                                          Continental Airlines; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 92-46
                                                          Sutton-Sautter; 92-73 Wyatt; 95-17 Larry's Flying
                                                          Service.
    Administrator does not review Complainant's          98-2 Carr.
     decision not to bring action against anyone but
     respondent.
Reconsideration:
    Denied by ALJ......................................  89-4 & 90-3 Metz.

[[Page 58887]]

 
    Granted by ALJ.....................................  92-32 Barnhill.
    Late request for...................................  97-14 Pacific Aviation; 98-14 Larry's Flying Service.
    Petition based on new material.....................  96-23 Kilrain.
    Repetitious petitions..............................  96-9 [Airport Operator].
    Stay of order pending..............................  90-31 Carroll; 90-32 Continental Airlines.
Redundancy, enhancing safety...........................  97-11 Hampton.
Remand.................................................  89-6 American Airlines; 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-24
                                                          Bayer; 91-51 Hagwood; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 92-1
                                                          Costello; 92-76 Equipment; 94-37 Houston.
Repair Station.........................................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 92-10 Flight Unlimited;
                                                          94-2 Woodhouse; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10 Alphin; 97-31
                                                          Sanford Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller.
Request for Hearing....................................  94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
    Constructive withdrawal of.........................  97-7 Stalling; 98-23 Instead Balloon Services.
Rules of Practice (14 CFR Part 13, Subpart G):
    Applicability of...................................  90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-17 KDS
                                                          Aviation.
    Challenges to......................................  90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-21
                                                          Carroll; 90-37 Northwest Airlines.
    Effect of Changes in...............................  90-21 Carroll; 90-22 USAir; 90-38 Continental Airlines.
    Initiation of Action...............................  91-9 Continental Airlines.
Runway incursions......................................  92-40 Wendt; 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Sanction:
    Ability to pay.....................................  89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 91-3 Lewis; 91-38 Esau; 92-10
                                                          Flight Unlimited; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-10 Flight
                                                          Unlimited; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-37 & 92-72 Giuffrida; 92-
                                                          38 Cronberg; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 93-
                                                          10 Costello; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft rentall 94-20
                                                          Conquest Helicopters; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-
                                                          17 Larry's Flying Service; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a
                                                          Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-11 Hampton; 97-16 Mauna
                                                          Kea; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service; 98-11 TWA; 99-112
                                                          TWA.
        Agency policy:.................................
        ALJ bound by...................................  90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 96-19
                                                          [Air Carrier].
        Changes after complaint........................  97-7 & 97-17 Stallings.
        Statements of (e.g., FAA Order 2150.3A,          90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato;
         Sanction Guidance Table, memoranda pertaining    90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 96-4
         to).                                             South Aero; 96-19 [Air Carrier]; 96-25 USAir.
    Compliance Disposition.............................  97-23 Detroit Metropolitan.
    Consistency with Precedent.........................  96-6 Ignatov; 96-26 Midtown; 97-30 Emery Worldwide
                                                          Airlines; 98-12 Stout; 98-18 General Aviation.
        But when precedent is based on superceded        96-19 [Air Carrier].
         sanction policy.
    Corrective Action..................................  91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-
                                                          41 [Airport Operator]; 92-5 Delta Air Lines; 93-18
                                                          Westair Commuter; 94-28 Toyota; 96-4 South Aero; 96-19
                                                          [Air Carrier]; 97-16 Mauna Kea; 97-23 Detroit
                                                          Metropolitan; 98-6 Continential Airlines; 98-22
                                                          Northwest Airlines; 99-12 TWA.
    Discovery (See Discovery)
    Factors to consider................................  89-5 Schultz; 90-23 Broyles; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
                                                          91-3 Lewis; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport
                                                          Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 92-10 Flight
                                                          Unlimited; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 94-28
                                                          Toyota; 95-11 Horizon; 96-19 [Air Carrier]; 96-26
                                                          Midtown; 97-16 Mauna Kea; 98-2 Carr.
    First-Time Offenders...............................  89-5 Schultz; 92-5 Delata Air Lines; 92-51 Koblick.
    HazMat (See Hazardous Materials).
    Inexperience.......................................  92-10 Flight Unlimited
    Installment Payments...............................  95-16 Mulhall; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service
    Maintenance........................................  95-11 Horizon; 96-3 America West Airlines; 97-8 Pacific
                                                          Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9 Alphin; 97-10
                                                          Alphin; 97-11 Hampton; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
    Maximum............................................  90-10 Webb; 91-53 Koller; 96-19 [Air-Carrier].
    Minimum (HazMat)...................................  95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown; 98-2 Carr.
    Modified...........................................  89-5 Schultz; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-38
                                                          Esau; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-13 Delta Air Lines;
                                                          92-32 Barnhill.
    Partial Dismissal of Complaint/Full Sanction (See    94-19 Pony Express; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
     also Complaint).
    Sanctions in specific cases:
        Failure to comply with Security Directives.....  98-6 Continental Airlines; 99-12 TWA.
        Passenger/baggage matching.....................  98-6 Continental Airlines; 99-12 TWA.
        Passenger Misconduct...........................  97-12 Mayer; 98-12 Stout.
        Person evading screening (See also Screening)..  97-20 Werle.
        Pilot Deviation................................  92-8 Watkins.
        Test object detection..........................  90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 96-19 [Air
                                                          Carrier].
        Unairworthy aircraft...........................  97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-9
                                                          Alphin; 98-18 General Aviation.
        Unauthorized access............................  90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
                                                          94-1 Delta Air Lines; 98-7 LAX.

[[Page 58888]]

 
        Weapons violations.............................  90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 91-3 Lewis; 91-38 Esau; 92-
                                                          32 Barnhill; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 94-5
                                                          Grant; 97-7 & 97-17 Stallings.
Screening of Persons:
    Air carrier failure to detect weapon Sanction......  94-44 American Airlines.
    Air carrier failure to match bag with passenger....  98-6 Continental Airlines; 99-12 TWA.
    Entering Sterile Areas.............................  90-24 Bayer; 92-58 Hoedl; 97-20 Werle; 98-20 Koenig.
    Sanction for individual evading screening (See also  97-20 Werle; 98-20 Koenig.
     Sanction).
Security (See Screening of Persons, Standard Security
 Program, Test Object Detection, Unauthorized Access,
 Weapons Violations):
    Agency directives, violation of....................  99-12 TWA.
    Giving false information about carrying a weapon or  98-24 Stevens.
     explosive on board an aircraft.
Sealing of Record......................................  97-13 Westair Commuter; 97-28 Continental Airlines.
Separation of Functions................................  90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18 Continental Airlines;
                                                          90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 90-38
                                                          Continental Airlines; 93-13 Medel.
Service (See also Mailing Rule; Receipt):
    Of NPCP............................................  90-22 USAir; 97-20 Werle.
    Of FNPCP...........................................  93-13 Medel.
    Receipt of document sent by mail...................  92-31 Eaddy.
    Return of certified mail...........................  97-7 & 97-17 Stallings.
    Valid Service......................................  92-18 Bargen; 98-19 Martin & Jaworski.
Settlement.............................................  91-50 & 92-1 Costello; 95-16 Mulhall; 99-10 Azteca.
    Request for hearing not withdrawn..................  99-10 Azteca.
Skydiving..............................................  98-3 Fedele.
Smoking................................................  92-37 Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg; 99-6 Squire.
Stale Complaint Rule: If NPCP not sent.................  97-20 Werle.
Standard Security Program (SSP):
    Compliance with....................................  90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-33 Delta
                                                          Air Lines; 91-55 Continental Airlines; 92-13 & 94-1
                                                          Delta Air Lines; 96-19 [Air Carrier]; 98-22 Northwest
                                                          Airlines; 99-1 American.
    Checkpoint Security Coordinator....................  98-22 Northwest Airlines.
    Ground Security Coordinator........................  96-16 Westair Commuter.
Statute of Limitations.................................  97-20 Werle.
Stay of Orders.........................................  90-31 Carroll; 90-32 Continental Airlines.
    Pending judicial review............................  95-14 Charter Airlines.
Strict Liability.......................................  89-5 Schultz; 90-27 Gabbert; 91-18 [Airport Operator];
                                                          91-40 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 97-
                                                          23 Detroit Metropolitan; 98-7 LAX.
Test Object Detection..................................  90-12, 90-18, 90-19, 91-9 & 91-55 Continental Airlines;
                                                          92-13 Delta Air Lines; 96-19 [Air Carrier].
    Proof of violation.................................  90-18, 90-19 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 92-13 Delta
                                                          Air Lines.
    Sanction...........................................  90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 96-19 [Air
                                                          Carrier].
Timeliness (See also Complaint; Filing; Mailing Rule;
 and Appeals):
    Burden to prove date of filing.....................  97-11 Hampton Air; 98-1 V. Taylor.
    Of response to NPCP................................  90-22 USAir.
    Of complaint.......................................  91-51 Hagwood; 93-13 Medel; 94-7 Hereth.
    Of initial decision................................  97-31 Sanford Air.
    OF NPCP............................................  92-73 Wyatt.
    Of reply brief.....................................  97-11 Hampton.
    Of request for hearing.............................  93-12 Langton; 95-19 Rayner.
    Of EAJA application (See EAJA-Final disposition,
     EAJA-Jurisdiction)
Unapproved Parts (See also Parts Manufacturer Approval)  93-19 Pacific Sky Supply.
Unauthorized Access:
    To aircraft........................................  90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 94-1 Delta Air
                                                          Lines.
    To Air Operations Area (AOA).......................  90-37 Northwest Airlines; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-
                                                          40 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 94-1
                                                          Delta Air Lines.
Visual Cues Indicating Runway, Adequacy of.............  92-40 Wendt.
Weapons Violations, generally..........................  89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-23
                                                          Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-3
                                                          Lewis; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38 Esau; 91-53 Koller; 92-32
                                                          Barnhill; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 91-51 Koblick; 92-59
                                                          Petek-Jackson; 94-5 Grant; 94-44 American Airlines.
    Concealed weapon...................................  89-5 Schultz; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick.
    ``Deadly or Dangerous''............................  90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38 Esau.
    First-time Offenders...............................  89-5 Schultz.
    Intent to commit violation.........................  89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-23 Broyles; 90-26
                                                          Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 91-53 Koller.
    Knowledge Of Weapon Concealment (See also            89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt.
     Knowledge).
    Sanction (See Sanction)
Weight and Balance.....................................  94-40 Polynesian Airways.
Witnesses (See also Credibility):
    Absence of, Failure to subpoena....................  92-3 Park; 98-2 Carr.
    Expert testimony Evaluation of.....................  93-17 Metcalf; 94-3 Valley Air; 94-21 Sweeney; 96-3
                                                          America West Airlines; 96-15 Valley Air; 97-9 Alphin;
                                                          97-32 Florida Propeller.

[[Page 58889]]

 
    Expert witness fees (See EAJA)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                               Regulations (Title 14 CFR, unless otherwise noted)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.1 (maintenance)......................................  94-38 Bohan; 97-11 Hampton.
1.1 (major alteration).................................  99-5 Africa Air.
1.1 (major repair).....................................  96-3 America West Airlines.
1.1 (minor repair).....................................  96-3 America West Airlines.
1.1 (operate)..........................................  91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 96-
                                                          17 Fenner.
1.1 (person)...........................................  93-18 Westair Commuter.
1.1 (propeller)........................................  96-15 Valley Air.
13.16..................................................  90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-22 USAir; 90-37 Northwest
                                                          Airlines; 90-38 & 91-9 Continental Airlines; 91-18
                                                          [Airport Operator]; 91-51 Hagwood; 92-1 Costello; 92-
                                                          46 Sutton-Sautter; 93-13 Medel; 93-28 Strohl; 94-27
                                                          Larsen; 94-37 Houston; 94-31 Smalling; 95-19 Rayner;
                                                          96-26 Midtown Neon Sign; 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 97-9
                                                          Alphin; 98-18 General Aviation.
13.201.................................................  90-12 Continental Airlines.
13.202.................................................  90-6 American Airlines; 92-76 Safety Equipment.
13.203.................................................  90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 90-38
                                                          Continental Airlines.
13.204.................................................  .......................................................
13.205.................................................  90-20 Degenhardt; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54 Alaska
                                                          Airlines; 92-32 Barnhill; 94-32 Detroit Metropolitan;
                                                          94-39 Kirola; 95-16 Mulhall; 97-20 Werle.
13.206.................................................  .......................................................
13.207.................................................  94-39 Kirola.
13.208.................................................  90-21 Carroll; 91-51 Hagwood; 92-73 Wyatt; 92-76 Safety
                                                          Equipment; 93-13 Medel; 93-28 Strohl; 94-7 Hereth; 97-
                                                          20 Werle; 98-4 Larry's.
13.209.................................................  90-3 Metz, 90-15 Playter; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 92-
                                                          32 Barnhill; 92-47 Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety
                                                          Equipment; 94-8 Nunez; 94-5 Grant; 94-22 Harkins; 94-
                                                          29 Sutton; 94-30 Columna; 95-10 Diamond; 95-28
                                                          Atlantic World Airways; 97-7 Stalling; 97-18 Robinson;
                                                          97-33 Rawlings; 98-21 Blankson.
13.210.................................................  92-19 Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-
                                                          7 Dunn; 93-28 Strohl; 94-5 Grant; 94-30 Columna; 95-28
                                                          Atlantic World Airways; 96-17 Fenner; 97-11 Hampton;
                                                          97-18 Robinson; 97-38 Air St. Thomas; 98-16 Blue Ridge
                                                          Airlines.
13.211.................................................  89-6 American Airlines; 89-7 Zenkner; 90-3 Metz; 90-11
                                                          Thunderbird Accessories; 90-39 Hart; 91-24 Esau; 92-1
                                                          Costello; 92-9 Griffin; 92-18 Bargen; 92-19 Cornwall;
                                                          92-57 Detroit Metro. Wayne County Airport; 92-74
                                                          Wendt; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 93-2 Wendt; 94-5 Grant;
                                                          94-18 Luxemburg; 94-29 Sutton; 95-12 Toyota; 95-28
                                                          Valley Air; 97-7 Stalling; 97-11 Hampton; 98-4 Larry's
                                                          Flying Service; 98-19 Martini & Jaworski; 98-20
                                                          Koenig; 99-2 Oxygen Systems.
13.212.................................................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 91-2 Continental
                                                          Airlines; 99-2 Oxygen Systems.
13.213.................................................  .......................................................
13.214.................................................  91-3 Lewis.
13.215.................................................  93-28 Strohl; 94-39 Kirola.
13.216.................................................  .......................................................
13.217.................................................  91-17 KDS Aviation
13.218.................................................  89-6 American Airlines; 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
                                                          90-39 Hart; 92-9 Griffin; 92-73 Wyatt; 93-19 Pacific
                                                          Sky Supply; 94-6 Strohl; 94-27 Larsen; 94-37 Houston;
                                                          95-18 Rayner; 96-16 WestAir; 96-24 Horizon; 98-20
                                                          Koenig.
13.219.................................................  89-6 American Airlines; 91-2 Continental; 91-54 Alaska
                                                          Airlines; 93-37 Airspect; 94-32 Detroit Metro. Wayne
                                                          County Airport; 98-25 Gotbetter.
13.220.................................................  89-6 American Airlines; 90-20 Carroll; 91-8 Watts
                                                          Agricultural Aviation; 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54
                                                          Alaska Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter.
13.221.................................................  92-29 Haggland; 92-31 Eaddy; 92-52 Cullop.
13.222.................................................  92-72 Giuffrida; 96-15 Valley Air.
13.223.................................................  91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-72 Giuffrida; 95-26
                                                          Hereth; 96-15 Valley Air; 97-11 Hampton; 97-31 Sanford
                                                          Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-3 Fedele; 98-6
                                                          Continental Airlines.
13.224.................................................  90-26 Waddell; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 92-72
                                                          Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-28 Toyota; 95-25
                                                          Conquest; 96-17 Fenner; 97-32 Florida Propeller; 98-6
                                                          Continental Airlines.
13.225.................................................  97-32 Florida Propeller.
13.226                                                   .......................................................

[[Page 58890]]

 
13.227.................................................  90-21 Carroll; 95-26 Hereth.
13.228.................................................  92-3 Park.
13.229                                                   .......................................................
13.230.................................................  92-19 Cornwall; 95-26 Hereth; 96-24 Horizon.
13.231.................................................  92-3 Park.
13.232.................................................  89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt; 92-1 Costello; 92-18
                                                          Bargen; 92-32 Barnhill; 93-28 Strohl; 94-28 Toyota; 95-
                                                          12 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-6 Ignatov; 98-18 General
                                                          Aviation.
13.233.................................................  89-1 Gressani; 89-4 Metz; 89-5 Schultz; 89-7 Zenkner;
                                                          89-8 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-3 Metz; 90-11
                                                          Thunderbird Accessories; 90-19 Continental Airlines;
                                                          90-20 Degenhardt; 90-25 & 90-27 Gabbert; 90-35 P.
                                                          Adams; 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-39 Hart; 91-2
                                                          Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-7 Pardue; 91-8
                                                          Watts Agricultural Aviation; 91-10 Graham; 91-11
                                                          Continental Airlines; 91-12 Bargen; 91-24 Esau; 91-26
                                                          Britt Airways; 91-31 Terry & Menne; 91-32 Bargen; 91-
                                                          43 & 91-44 Delta; 91-45 Park; 91-46 Delta; 91-47
                                                          Delta; 91-48 Wendt; 91-52 KDS Aviation; 91-53 Koller;
                                                          92-1 Costello; 92-3 Park; 92-7 West; 92-11 Alilin; 92-
                                                          15 Dillman; 92-16 Wendt; 92-18 Bargen; 92-19 Cornwall;
                                                          92-27 Wendt; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-34 Carrell; 92-35 Bay
                                                          Land Aviation; 92-36 Southwest Airlines; 92-39 Beck;
                                                          92-45 O'Brien; 92-52 Beck; 92-56 Montauk Caribbean
                                                          Airways; 92-57 Detroit Metro. Wayne Co. Airport; 92-67
                                                          USAir; 92-69 McCabe; 92-72 Giuffrida; 92-74 Wendt; 92-
                                                          78 TWA; 93-5 Wendt; 93-6 Westair Commuter; 93-7 Dunn;
                                                          93-8 Nunez; 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply; 93-23 Allen; 93-
                                                          27 Simmons; 93-28 Strohl; 93-31 Allen; 93-32 Nunez; 94-
                                                          9 B & G Instruments; 94-10 Boyle; 94-12 Bartusiak; 94-
                                                          15 Columna; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-23 Perez; 94-24 Page;
                                                          94-26 French Aircraft; 94-28 Toyota; 95-2 Meronek; 95-
                                                          9 Woodhouse; 95-13 Kilrain; 95-23 Atlantic World
                                                          Airways; 95-25 Conquest; 95-26 Hereth; 96-1 [Airport
                                                          Operator]; 96-2 Skydiving Center; 97-1 Midtown Neon
                                                          Sign; 97-2 Sanford Air; 97-7 Stalling; 97-22 Sanford
                                                          Air; 97-24 Gordon Air; 97-31 Sanford Air; 97-33
                                                          Rawlings; 97-38 Air St. Thomas; 98-4 Larry's Flying
                                                          Service; 98-3 Fedele; 98-6 Continental Airlines ; 98-7
                                                          LAX ; 98-10 Rawlings; 98-15 Squire; 98-18 General
                                                          Aviation; 98-19 Martin & Jaworski; 98-20 Koenig; 99-2
                                                          Oxygen Systems; 99-11 Evergreen Helicopters.
13.234.................................................  90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-31 Carroll; 90-32 & 90-
                                                          38 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 95-
                                                          12 Toyota; 96-9 [Airport Operator]; 96-23 Kilrain.
13.235.................................................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-12 Continental
                                                          Airlines; 90-15 Playter; 90-17 Wilson; 92-7 West.
Part 14................................................  92-74 & 93-2 Wendt; 95-18 Pacific Sky Supply.
14.01..................................................  91-17 & 92-71 KDS Aviation.
14.04..................................................  91-17, 91-52 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 93-10 Costello; 95-
                                                          27 Valley Air.
14.05..................................................  90-17 Wilson.
14.12..................................................  95-27 Valley Air.
14.20..................................................  91-52 KDS Aviation; 96-22 Woodhouse.
14.22..................................................  93-29 Sweeney.
14.23..................................................  98-19 Martin & Jaworski.
14.26..................................................  91-52 KDS Aviation; 95-27 Valley Air.
14.28..................................................  95-9 Woodhouse.
21.181.................................................  96-25 USAir.
21.303.................................................  93-19 Pacific Sky Supply; 95-18 Pacific Sky Supply.
25.787.................................................  97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
25.855.................................................  92-37 Giuffrida; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
39.3...................................................  92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
43.3...................................................  92-73 Wyatt; 97-31 Sanford Air; 98-18 General Aviation.
43.5...................................................  96-18 Kilrain; 97-31 Sandford Air.
43.9...................................................  91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 97-31 Sandford Air;
                                                          98-4 Larry's Flying Service.
43.13..................................................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories; 94-3 Valley Air; 94-38
                                                          Bohan; 96-3 America West Airlines; 96-25 USAir; 97-9
                                                          Alphin; 97-10 Alphin; 97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines;
                                                          97-31 Sandford Air; 97-32 Florida Propeller.
43.15..................................................  90-25 & 90-27 Gabbert; 91-8 Watts Agricultural
                                                          Aviation; 94-2 Woodhouse; 96-18 Kilrain.
61.3...................................................  99-11 Evergreen Helicopters.
65.15..................................................  92-73 Wyatt.
65.92..................................................  92-73 Wyatt.
91.7...................................................  97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-16
                                                          Mauna Kea; 98-18 General Aviation; 99-5 Africa Air.
91.8 (91.11 as of 8/18/90).............................  92-3 Park .

[[Page 58891]]

 
91.9 (91.13 as of 8/18/90).............................  90-15 Playter; 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8
                                                          Watkins; 92-40 Wendt; 92-48 USAir; 92-49 Richardson &
                                                          Shimp; 92-47 Cornwall; 92-70 USAir; 93-9 Wendt; 93-17
                                                          Metcalf; 93-18 Westair Commuter; 93-29 Sweeney; 94-29
                                                          Sutton; 95-26 Hereth; 96-17 Fenner.
91.11..................................................  96-6 Ignatov; 97-12 Mayer; 98-12 Stout.
91.29 (91.7 as of 8/18/90).............................  91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation; 92-10 Flight
                                                          Unlimited; 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
91.65 (91.111 as of 8/18/90)...........................  91-29 Sweeney; 94-21 Sweeney.
91.67 (91.113 as of 8/18/90)...........................  91-29 Sweeney.
91.71..................................................  97-11 Hampton.
91.75 (91.123 as of 8/18/90)...........................  91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins; 92-40 Wendt;
                                                          92-49 Richardson & Shimp; 93-9 Wendt.
91.79 (91.119 as of 8/18/90)...........................  90-15 Playter; 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf.
91.87 (91.129 as of 8/18/90)...........................  91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins.
91.103.................................................  95-26 Hereth.
91.111.................................................  96-17 Fenner.
91.113.................................................  96-17 Fenner.
91.151.................................................  95-26 Hereth.
91.173 (91.417 as of 8/18/90)..........................  91-8 Watts Agricultural Aviation.
91.203.................................................  99-5 Africa Air.
91.205.................................................  98-18 General Aviation.
91.213.................................................  97-11 Hampton.
91.403.................................................  97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/a/ Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-31
                                                          Sanford Air.
91.405.................................................  97-16 Mauna Kea; 98-4 Larry's Flying Service; 98-18
                                                          General Aviation; 99-5 Africa Air.
91.407.................................................  98-4 Larry's Flying Service; 99-5 Africa Air.
91.417.................................................  98-18 General Aviation.
91.517.................................................  98-12 Stout.
91.703.................................................  94-29 Sutton.
105.29.................................................  98-3 Fedele; 98-19 Martin & Jaworski.
107.1..................................................  90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-20 Degenhardt; 91-4
                                                          [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator]; 98-7
                                                          LAX.
107.9..................................................  98-7 LAX.
107.13.................................................  90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-4 [Airport
                                                          Operator]; 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40 [Airport
                                                          Operator]; 91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport
                                                          Operator]; 96-1 [Airport Operator]; 97-23 Detroit
                                                          Metropolitan; 98-7 LAX.
107.20.................................................  90-24 Bayer; 92-58 Hoedl; 97-20 Werle; 98-20 Koenig.
107.21.................................................  89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-22 Degenhardt; 90-23
                                                          Broyles; 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 90-33 Cato; 90-39
                                                          Hart; 91-3 Lewis; 91-10 Graham; 91-30 Trujillo; 91-38
                                                          Esau; 91-53 Koller; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-38 Cronberg; 92-
                                                          46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 92-59 Petek-Jackson;
                                                          94-5 Grant; 94-31 Smalling; 97-7 Stalling.
107.25.................................................  94-30 Columna.
108.5..................................................  90-12, 90-18, 90-19, 91-2 & 91-9 Continental Airlines;
                                                          91-33 Delta Air Lines; 91-54 Alaska Airlines; 91-55
                                                          Continental Airlines; 92-13 & 94-1 Delta Airlines; 94-
                                                          44 American Airlines; 96-16 WestAir; 96-19 [Air
                                                          Carrier]; 98-22 Northwest Airlines; 99-1 American; 99-
                                                          12 TWA.
108.7..................................................  90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 99-1 American.
108.9..................................................  98-22 Northwest Airlines.
108.10.................................................  96-16 WestAir.
108.11.................................................  90-23 Broyles; 90-26 Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 92-46 Sutton
                                                          Sautter; 94-44 American Airlines.
108.13.................................................  90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest
                                                          Airlines.
108.18.................................................  98.6 Continental Airlines; 99-12 TWA.
121.133................................................  90-18 Continental Airlines.
121.153................................................  92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 95-11 Horizon; 96-3 America West
                                                          Airlines; 95-24 Horizon; 96-25 USAir; 97-21 Delta; 97-
                                                          30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
121.221................................................  97-30 Emery Worldwide Airlines.
121.317................................................  92-37 Giuffrida; 94-18 Luxemburg; 99-6 Squire.
121.318................................................  92-37 Giuffrida.
121.367................................................  90-12 Continental Airlines; 96-25 USAir.
121.571................................................  92-37 Giuffrida.
121.575................................................  98-11 TWA.
121.577................................................  98-11 TWA.
121.589................................................  97-12 Mayer.
121.628................................................  95-11 Horizon; 97-21 Delta; 97-30 Emery Worldwide
                                                          Airlines.
135.1..................................................  95-8 Charter Airlines; 95-25 Conquest.
135.5..................................................  94-3 Valley Air; 94-20 Conquest Helicopters; 95-25
                                                          Conquest; 95-27 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.25.................................................  92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-3 Valley Air, 95-27 Valley
                                                          Air; 96-15 Valley Air.

[[Page 58892]]

 
135.63.................................................  94-40 Polynesian Airways; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service;
                                                          95-28 Atlantic; 96-4 South Aero; 99-7 Premier Jets.
135.87.................................................  90-21 Carroll.
135.95.................................................  95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
135.179................................................  97-11 Hampton.
135.185................................................  94-40 Polynesian Airways.
135.243................................................  99-1 Evergreen Helicopters.
135.263................................................  95-9 Charter Airlines; 96-4 South Aero.
135.267................................................  95-8 Charter Airlines; 95-17 Larry's Flying Service; 96-
                                                          4 South Aero.
135.293................................................  95-17 Larry's Flying Service; 96-4 South Aero.
135.343................................................  95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
135.411................................................  97-11 Hampton.
135.413................................................  94-3 Valley Air 96-15 Valley Air; 97-8 Pacific Av. d/b/
                                                          a Inter-Island Helicopters; 97-16 Mauna Kea.
135.421................................................  93-36 Valley Air; 94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
135.437................................................  94-3 Valley Air; 96-15 Valley Air.
141.101................................................  98-18 General Aviation.
145.1..................................................  97-10 Alphin.
145.3..................................................  97-10 Alphin.
145.25.................................................  97-10 Alphin.
145.45.................................................  97-10 Alphin.
145.47.................................................  97-10 Alphin.
145.49.................................................  97-10 Alphin.
145.53.................................................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
145.57.................................................  94-2 Woodhouse; 97-9 Alphin; 97-32 Florida Propeller.
145.61.................................................  90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
191....................................................  90-12 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-37 Northwest
                                                          Airlines; 98-6 Continental Airlines; 99-12 TWA.
298-1..................................................  92-10 Flight Unlimited.
302.8..................................................  90-22 USAir.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                     49 CFR
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.47...................................................  92-76 Safety Equipment.
171 et seq.............................................  95-10 Diamond.
171.2..................................................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
                                                          96-26 Midtown; 98-2 Carr.
171.8..................................................  92-77 TCI.
172.101................................................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 96-26 Midtown.
172.200................................................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown;
                                                          98-2 Carr.
171 et seq.............................................  95-10 Diamond.
171.2..................................................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
                                                          96-26 Midtown; 98-2 Carr.
171.8..................................................  92-77 TCI.
172.101................................................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 96-26 Midtown.
172.200................................................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown;
                                                          98-2 Carr.
172.202................................................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
                                                          98-2 Carr.
172.203................................................  94-28 Toyota.
172.204................................................  92-77 TCI 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
                                                          98-2 Carr.
172.300................................................  94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 Midtown; 98-2
                                                          Carr.
172.301................................................  94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall; 98-2 Carr.
172.304................................................  92-77 TCI; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall; 98-2 Carr.
172.400................................................  92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
                                                          98-2 Carr.
172.402................................................  94-28 Toyota.
172.406................................................  92-77 TCI.
173.1..................................................  92-77 TCI: 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall;
                                                          98-2 Carr.
173.3..................................................  94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 98-2 Carr.
173.6..................................................  94-28 Toyota.
173.22.................................................  94-28 Toyotal; 94-31 Smalling; 98-2 Carr.
173.24.................................................  94-28 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall;
173.25.................................................  94-28 Toyota.
173.27.................................................  92-77 TCI.
173.62.................................................  98-2 Carr.
173.115................................................  92-77 TCI.
173.240................................................  92-77 TCI.
173.243................................................  94-28 Toyota.
173.260................................................  94-28 Toyota.
173.266................................................  94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
175.25.................................................  94.31 Smalling.

[[Page 58893]]

 
191.5..................................................  97-13 Westair Commuter.
191.7..................................................  97-13 Westair Commuter.
821.30.................................................  92-73 Wyatt.
821.33.................................................  90-21 Carroll.
  Statutes
5 U.S.C.:
    504................................................  90-17 Wilson; 91-17 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 92-74, 93-2 &
                                                          93-9 Wendt; 93-29 Sweeney; 94-17 TCI; 95-27 Valley
                                                          Air; 96-22 Woodhouse; 98-19 Martin & Jaworski.
    552................................................  90-12, 90-18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines: 93-10
                                                          Costello.
    554................................................  90-18 Continental Airlines; 90-21 Carroll; 95-12
                                                          Toyota.
    556................................................  90-21 Carroll; 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
    557................................................  90-20 Degenhardt; 90-21 Carroll; 90-37 Northwest
                                                          Airlines; 94-28 Toyota.
    705................................................  95-14 Charter Airlines.
    5332...............................................  95-27 Valley Air.
11 U.S.C.:
    362................................................  91-2 Continental Airlines.
28 U.S.C.
    2412...............................................  93-10 Costello; 96-22 Woodhouse.
    2462...............................................  90-21 Carroll.
49 U.S.C.:
    5123...............................................  95-16 Mulhall; 96-26 & 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 98-2
                                                          Carr.
    40102..............................................  96-17 Fenner.
    41706..............................................  99-6 Squire.
    44701..............................................  96-6 Ignatov; 96-17 Fenner; 99-12 TWA.
    44704..............................................  96-3 America West Airlines; 96-15 Valley Air.
    46110..............................................  96-22 Woodhouse; 97-1 Midtown Neon Sign.
    46301..............................................  97-1 Midtown Neon Sign; 97-16 Mauna Kea; 97-20 Werle.
    46302..............................................  98-24 Stevens.
    46303..............................................  97-7 Stalling.
49 U.S.C. App.:
    1301(31) (operate).................................  93-18 Westair Commuter.
    (32) (person)......................................  93-18 Westair Commuter.
    1356...............................................  90-18 & 90-19, 91-2 Continental Airlines.
    1357...............................................  91-41 [Airport Operator]; 91-58 [Airport Operator].
    1421...............................................  92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-48 USAir; 92-70 USAir; 93-9
                                                          Wendt.
    1429...............................................  92-73 Wyatt.
    1471...............................................  89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-12, 90-
                                                          18 & 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-23 Broyles; 90-26
                                                          & 90-43 Waddell; 90-33 Cato; 90-37 Northwest Airlines;
                                                          90-39 Hart; 91-2 Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-
                                                          18 [Airport Operator]; 91-53 Koller; 92-5 Delta Air
                                                          Lines; 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-46 Sutton-Sautter;
                                                          92-51 Koblick; 92-74 Wendt; 92-76 Safety Equipment; 94-
                                                          20 Conquest Helicopters; 94-40 Polynesian Airways; 96-
                                                          6 Ignatov; 97-7 Stalling.
    1472...............................................  96-6 Ignatov.
    1475...............................................  90-20 Degenhardt; 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-18, 90-
                                                          19 & 91-1 Continental Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-18
                                                          [Airport Operator]; 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
    1486...............................................  90-21 Carroll; 96-22 Woodhouse.
    1809...............................................  92-77 TCI; 94-19 Pony Express; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
                                                          Smalling; 95-12 Toyota.
 

Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator

Digests

(Current as of September 30, 1999)
    The digests of the Administrator's final decisions and orders are 
arranged by order number, and summarize briefly key points of the 
decision. The following compilation of digests includes all final 
decisions and orders issued by the Administrator from July 1, 1999, to 
September 20, 1999. The FAA will publish non-cumulative supplements to 
this compilation on a quarterly basis (e.g., April, July, October, and 
January of each year).
    These digests do not constitute legal authority, and should not be 
cited or relied upon as such. The digests are not intended to serve as 
a substitute for proper legal research. Parties, attorneys, and other 
interested person should always consult the full text of the 
Administrator's decisions before citing them in any context.

In the Matter of Warbelow's Air Ventures, Inc.

Order No. 99-4 (7/1/99)
    Motion to Dismiss Denied. Good cause exists to excuse Respondent's 
late-fling (by 8 days) of an appeal brief. Counsel had no prior 
experience with FAA civil penalty appeals and simply calculated the 
deadline starting from the wrong date (the service date of the notice 
of appeal rather than that of the initial decision). Counsel took steps 
to protect against the danger of default. Counsel has committed no 
previous defaults in this case, and the appeal brief was only 9 days 
late. Complainant has neither alleged nor shown any prejudice resulting 
from the delay. Complainant is granted 30 days from the service date of 
this order, plus an additional 5 days under 14 CFR 13.211(e), to file a 
reply brief.

[[Page 58894]]

In the Matter of Africa Air Corporation

(Order No. 99-5 (8/31/99)
    Settlement offers. Federal Rule of Evidence 408's public policy 
purpose of encouraging frank settlement discussions is as compelling in 
FAA civil penalty proceedings as it is in Federal trials. Hence, its 
guidance will be followed in these proceedings. Not only was it 
appropriate for the law to exclude the offer to settle in the last 
paragraph of the letter but it was also appropriate to exclude any 
admissions contained elsewhere in the letter.
    Evidentiary admissions rebuttable. It is unclear whether a 
conciliatory letter on behalf of Respondent should be regarded as a 
settlement offer and therefore excluded. It is unlikely that the law 
judge would have found the evidentiary admission contained this other 
letter as compelling an outcome favoring Complainant in light of other 
rebutting evidence that the law judge found to be persuasive. 
Evidentiary admissions, unlike judicial admissions, are rebuttable 
through the introduction of other evidence.
    Failure to prove that the oil lines in the wings constituted a 
major alteration. Inspector's testimony was too vague, as a result of 
the fact that he never looked in the wings, to be persuasive on the 
issue of whether the oil lines in the wings constituted a major 
alteration.

In the Matter of James K. Squire

Order No. 99-6 (8.31/99)
    Smoking in aircraft lavatory. The law judge made credibility 
assessments in favor of the flight attendants who testified that the 
smell of smoke intensified when Mr. Squire opened the door of the 
lavatory. The Administrator deferred to that assessment. None of Mr. 
Squire's arguments compelled a reversal of the law judge's findings 
that Mr. Squire had been smoking in the aircraft lavatory. To sustain 
its burden of proof, Complainant did not have to resolve the question 
why the smoke alarm had not gone off in the lavatory if Mr. Squire had 
been smoking in there.
    No right to appointed counsel. Mr. Squire's argument that the case 
should be dismissed because the law judge failed to appoint counsel for 
him (because he could not afford to hire counsel) was rejected. There 
is no right to assigned counsel in FAA civil penalty proceedings.
    Mr. Squire was assessed $719 civil for violations of 14 C.F.R. 
121.317 (g), (h) and (i).

In the Matter of the Premier Jets, Inc.

Order No. 99-7 (8/31/99)
    Appeal Denied. In its appeal of the law judge's decision finding 
that it committed several violations of a flight time recordkeeping 
rule, Respondent argues that the FAA inspectors should not have 
examined its flight logs because they were not part of the ``individual 
record'' of each pilot under 14 CFR 135.63. Without the flight logs, 
FAA inspectors would not have been able to determine conclusively that 
the crew duty time sheets contained errors. Contrary to Respondent's 
contentions, the inspectors acted appropriately when they examined the 
flight logs. Indeed, if the inspectors had chosen to ignore or overlook 
any compliance concerns raised by their examination of the crew duty 
time sheets, they would have been abrogating their critical safety 
duties.
    Second, Respondent argues that it committed no violation because 
the flight logs were part of the ``individual record'' of each pilot's 
flight time. Respondent did not, however, keep the flight logs as part 
of the individual record of each pilot. Instead, the flight logs for 
all of Respondents' pilots for a single month were kept in the same 
file. Where there was more than one pilot for a flight, multiple pilots 
appeared on a single flight log. Moreover, when Respondent gave the 
inspectors its individual records, it gave them only the crew duty time 
sheets and not the flight logs.
    This decision denies Respondent's appeal and affirms the law 
judge's decision assessing $1,125.

In the Matter of Michael McDermott

Order No. 99-8 (8/3/99)
DMS No. FAA-1999-5516
    Notice of appeal construed as appeal brief; appeal denied. Mr. 
McDermott filed a notice of appeal but no appeal brief. The notice of 
appeal was construed as an appeal brief because it was sufficiently 
detailed. However, the argument presented by Mr. McDermott was not 
compelling. Mr. McDermott argued that he had moved several times during 
the precomplaint stages of these proceedings. That argument does not 
excuse Mr. McDermott's failure to file to an answer.

In the Matter of Lifeflite Medical Air Transport, d/b/a American Native 
Medical Air

Order No. 99-9 (8/31/99)
    Remand to law judge. The law judge issued an order assessing civil 
penalty against Lifeflite Medical Air Transport based on his belief 
that Lifeflite has not filed an answer. However, Lifeflite had filed an 
answer. The law judge's order is reversed, and the case is remanded to 
the Office of Hearings. The law judge must decide whether good cause 
existed for Lifeflite's failure to file a timely answer.

In the Matter of Azteca Aviation, Inc.

Order No. 99-10 (8/31/99)
    Complainant is ordered to withdraw the orders assessing civil 
penalty. The law judge dismissed these cases and terminated these 
proceedings based on his understanding that the parties had settled the 
case. However, Respondent never filed any document indicating that it 
agreed to the settlement or to withdraw its requests for hearing. 
Respondent wrote to the law judge that neither he nor his attorney had 
ever agreed to withdraw. Complainant was ordered to withdraw the orders 
assessing civil penalty. Cases remanded to the law judge.

In the Matter of Evergreen Helicopters of Alaska, Inc.

Order No. 99-11 (8/31/99)
    Parties Granted Opportunity to Brief New Issues. Evergreen, a U.S. 
air carrier, holds an FAA-issued certificate to conduct commuter and 
on-demand operations under 14 C.F.R. Part 135. In February 1996, under 
contract with the United Nations, Evergreen transported passengers on a 
U.S.-registered airplane, using Angolan pilots on approximately 20 
flights inside Angola. The pilots held only Angolan airline transport 
pilot certificates; they did not hold U.S. airline transport pilot 
certificates.
    Complainant alleged that Evergreen violated 14 CFR 135.243(a) by 
using pilots who lacked U.S. airline transport pilot certificates. The 
law judge, however, dismissed Complainant's case, holding that 
Complainant had failed to meet its burden of proof. Complainant has 
appealed.
    Complainant is granted 30 days from the service date of this order, 
plus the 5 additional days provided by 14 CFR Sec. 13.211(e), to brief 
the following issues:
    1. What is the FAA's specific statutory authority for bringing the 
instant civil penalty action against Evergreen, given that neither the 
departure nor arrival points of any of the flights in question involved 
a point inside the U.S., and there is no evidence in the record that 
the flights at issue had any contact with other flights to or from the 
U.S.?
    2. A letter of interpretation issued on January 28, 1985, issued by 
the FAA Assistant Chief Counsel for Regulations and Enforcement 
indicates that a holder of a foreign pilot license may indeed

[[Page 58895]]

operate a U.S.-registered airplane for compensation or hire inside the 
foreign country, even if the pilot does not hold a U.S. airline 
transport pilot certificate. Is Complainant's position in this case 
consistent with the 1985 interpretation, or is it distinguishable?
    Evergreen is granted 35 days from the service date of Complainant's 
documents briefing the new issues to reply to Complainant's briefing of 
the new issues.

Commercial Reporting Services of the Administrators

Civil Penalty Decisions and Orders

    1. Commercial Publications: The Administrator's decisions and 
orders in civil penalty cases are available in the following commercial 
publications.
    Civil Penalty Cases Digest Service, published by Hawkins Publishing 
Company, Inc., P.O. Box 480, Mayo, MD, 21106, (410) 798-1677;
    Federal Aviation Decisions, Clark Boardman Callaghan, a subsidiary 
of West Information Publishing Company, 50 Broad Street East, 
Rochester, NY 14694, 1-800-221-9428.
    2. CD-ROM. The Administrator's orders and decisions are available 
on CD-ROM through Aeroflight Publication, P.O. 854, 433 Main Street, 
Gruver, TX 79040, (806) 733-2483.
    3. On-Line Services. The Administrator's decisions and orders in 
civil penalty cases are available through the following on-line 
services:
     Westlaw (the Database ID is FTRAN-FAA).
     LEXIS [Transportation (TRANS) Library, FAA file].
     Compuserve.
     FedWord.

Docket

    The FAA Hearing Docket is located at FAA Headquarters, 800 
Independence Avenue, SW, 926A, Washington, DC, 20591 (tel. no. 202-267-
3641). The clerk of the FAA Hearing Docket is Ms. Stephanie McCain. All 
documents that are required to be filed in civil penalty proceedings 
must be filed with the FAA Hearing Docket Clerk at the FAA Hearing 
Docket. (See 14 CFR 13.210). Materials contained in the dockets of any 
case not containing sensitive security information (protected by 14 CFR 
Part 191) may be viewed at the FAA Hearing Docket.
    In addition, materials filed in the FAA Hearing Docket in non-
security cases in which the complaints were filed on or after December 
1, 1997, are available for inspection at the Department of 
Transportation Docket, located at 400 7th Street, SW, Room PL-401, 
Washington, DC 20590, (tel. no. 202-366-9329.) While the originals will 
be retained in the FAA Hearing Docket, the DOT Docket will scan copies 
of documents in non-security cases in which the complaint was filed 
after December 1, 1997, into their computer database. Individuals who 
have access to the Internet can view the materials in these dockets 
using the following Internet address; http://dms.dot.gov.

FAA Offices

    The Administrator's decisions and orders, indexes, and digests are 
available for public inspection and coping at the following location in 
FAA headquarters:
    FAA Hearing Docket, Federal Aviation Administration, 800 
Independence Avenue, SW, Room 926A, Washington, DC 20591; (202) 267-
3641.
    These materials are also available at all FAA regional and center 
legal offices at the following locations:

Office of the Regional Counsel for the Aeronautical Center (AMC-7), 
Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center, 6500 South MacArthur Blvd., Oklahoma 
City. OK 73125; (405) 954-3296.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Alaskan Region (AAL-7), Alaskan 
Region Headquarters, 222 West 7th Avenue, Anchorage, AL 99513; (907) 
271-5269.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Central Region (ACE-7), Central 
Region Headquarters, 601 East 12th Street, Federal Building, Kansas 
City, MO 64106; (816) 426-5446.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Eastern Region (AEA-7), Eastern 
Region Headquarters, JFK International Airport, Federal Building, 
Jamaica, NY 11430; (718) 553-3285.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Great Lakes Region (AGL-7), 2300 
East Devon Avenue, Suite 419, Des Plaines, IL 60018; (708) 294-7108.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the New England Region (ANE-7), New 
England Region Headquarters, 12 New England Executive Park, Room 401, 
Burlington, MA 01803-5299; (617) 238-7050.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Northwest Mountain Region (ANM-
7)), Northwest Mountain Region Headquarters, 1601 Lind Avenue, SW, 
Renton, WA 98055-4056; (425) 227-2007.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Southern Region (ASO-7), 
Southern Region Headquarters, 1701 Columbia Avenue, College Park, GA 
30337; (404) 305-5200.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Southwest Region (ASW-7), 
Southwest Region Headquarters, 2601 Meacham Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 
76137-4298; (817) 222-5087.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Technical Center (ACT-7), 
Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center, Atlantic City 
International Airport, Atlantic City, NJ 08405; (609) 485-7087.
Office of the Regional Counsel for the Western-Pacific Region (AWP-7, 
Western-Pacific Region Headquarters, 15000 Aviation Boulevard, 
Lawndale, CA 90261; (310) 725-7100.

    Issued in Washington, DC on October 26, 1999.
James S. Dillman,
Assistant Chief Counsel for Litigation.
[FR Doc. 99-28510 Filed 10-29-99; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-M