[Federal Register Volume 64, Number 118 (Monday, June 21, 1999)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 33040-33041]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 99-15724]
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
50 CFR Part 223 and 224
[Docket No. 990614160-9160-01; I.D. 061199C]
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; 90-Day Finding for
a Petition to List Barndoor Skate (``Raja laevis'') as Threatened or
Endangered
AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, Commerce.
ACTION: Notice of petition finding; request for information and
comments.
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SUMMARY: NMFS announces a 90-day finding for a petition to add barndoor
skate (Raja laevis) to the list of threatened and endangered wildlife
and to designate critical habitat. NMFS finds that the petition and the
information available in NMFS records indicate that the requested
action may be warranted. NMFS will conduct a stock assessment to
determine if the petitioned action is warranted. To assure that the
review is comprehensive, NMFS is soliciting information and data on
this species from any interested party.
DATES: Information and comments on the action must be received by
August 20, 1999.
ADDRESSES: Information, comments, or questions on the barndoor skate
petition should be submitted to Mary Colligan, NMFS, Protected Species
Division, One Blackburn Drive, Gloucester, MA, 01930. The petition and
supporting data are available for public inspection, by appointment,
Monday through Friday at the address above.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mary Colligan, NMFS Northeast Region,
978/281-9116, or Marta Nammack, NMFS Office of Protected Resources,
301/713-1401.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
Section 4(b)(3)(A) of the Endangered Species Act (16 U.S.C. 1531-
1544) requires that the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) make a
finding on whether a petition to list, delist, or reclassify a species
presents substantial scientific or commercial information to indicate
that the petitioned action may be warranted. In determining whether
substantial information exists for a petition to list a species, NMFS
will take into account information submitted with and referenced in the
petition and all other information readily available in NMFS files. To
the maximum extent practicable, this finding is to be made within 90
days of the receipt of the petition, and the finding is to be published
promptly in the Federal Register. If NMFS finds that a petition
presents substantial information indicating that the requested action
may be warranted, section 4(b)(3)(B) of the ESA requires NMFS to make a
finding as to whether or not the petitioned action is warranted within
one year of the receipt of the petition.
On March 4, 1999, NMFS received a petition from GreenWorld to list
barndoor skate as endangered or threatened and to designate Georges
Bank and other appropriate areas as critical habitat. The petitioners
also requested that barndoor skate be listed immediately, as an
emergency matter. Finally, the petitioner requested that other
similarly appearing species of skate also be designated as threatened
or endangered so as to insure the protection of the barndoor skate. On
April 2, 1999, the NMFS received a second petition from Center for
Marine
[[Page 33041]]
Conservation (CMC) to list barndoor skate as an endangered species.
This second petition is considered by NMFS as a comment on the first
petition submitted by GreenWorld.
The petition and comment on the petition referenced a recent paper
in the journal Science, which presents data on the decline of barndoor
skates (Casey and Myers 1998). The petitioner cites bycatch in
commercial fishing gear as the major threat to the species' continued
existence and also expresses concern over inbreeding depression due to
small population size. The petitioner also cites the inadequacy of
existing regulatory mechanisms as a threat to the species. The comments
submitted by CMC claim that barndoor skate are endangered due to
overutilization for commercial purposes and the inadequacy of existing
regulatory mechanisms.
On January 15, 1999, NMFS requested information from the public on
barndoor skate for possible inclusion on the list of candidate species.
Such designation highlights species for which NMFS is concerned may
warrant listing under the ESA, but it does not afford those species any
regulatory protection.
The barndoor skate is 1 of 7 species of skates that occur off the
northeastern coast of the United States. Barndoor skates can reach
sizes in excess of 1 meter in length and may not reach maturity until
age 10 or older. The historic range of the barndoor skate ranged from
Cape Hatteras to the Grand Banks off Newfoundland. Skates are found
from near the tide line to depths exceeding 700 m. Members of this
family lay eggs that are encased in hard, leathery cases commonly
called a mermaid's purse. Incubation time is from 6 to 12 months and
the young have the appearance of an adult upon hatching. Skates are not
known to undertake large-scale migrations, but they do move seasonally
in response to changes in water temperature, generally offshore in
summer and early autumn and inshore in the winter and spring. Slow
growth and late age at maturity may make skates more susceptible to the
effects of fishing. Skates are frequently taken as bycatch during
ground fishing operations and discarded. There are currently no
regulations governing the harvesting of skates in U.S. waters.
CMC has also requested that the Secretary of Commerce categorize
barndoor skate as ``overfished'' under the Magnuson Stevens Act. In
order to fully examine the species' status so that a determination can
be made under the ESA and under the Magnuson Stevens Act, NMFS intends
to present an assessment of barndoor skate at the 30th Northeast
Regional Stock Assessment Workshop to be held in November 1999. Staff
are currently in the process of compiling and analyzing data on
barndoor skate in preparation of the assessment materials to be vetted
at the Stock Assessment Workshop. U.S. scientists are coordinating
these efforts with their Canadian colleagues to ensure that a
comprehensive assessment is conducted.
If it is determined that listing the species is warranted, then
NMFS will examine the need to designate critical habitat for barndoor
skate. At that time, NMFS would consider those physical and biological
features that are essential to the conservation of the species and that
may require special management or protection. The evaluation conducted
by NMFS to determine if barndoor skate warrant listing under the ESA
will also consider whether listing on an emergency basis is warranted.
NMFS finds that the petitioner and the comments on the petition
have presented substantial information indicating that the requested
action may be warranted. This finding is based on the scientific and
commercial information contained and referenced in the petition and
petition comments, as well as information available to NMFS at this
time.
Listing Factors and Basis for Determination
Under Section 4(a)(1) of the ESA, a species can be determined to be
endangered or threatened for any of the following reasons: (1) Present
or threatened destruction, modification, or curtailment of its habitat
or range; (2) overutilization for commercial, recreational, scientific,
or educational purposes; (3) disease or predation; (4) inadequacy of
existing regulatory mechanisms; or (5) other natural or manmade factors
affecting its continued existence. Listing determinations are based on
the best scientific and commercial data available after taking into
account any efforts being made by any state or foreign nation to
protect the species.
Information Solicited
To ensure that the review conducted at the Stock Assessment
Workshop is complete and based on the best available scientific and
commercial data, NMFS is soliciting information on the species' current
and historic distribution and abundance and any information related to
the 5 listing factors identified above. NMFS requests that data,
information and comments submitted be accompanied by (1) supporting
documentation such as maps, bibliographic reference, or reprints of
pertinent publications; and (2) the person's name, address, and any
association, institution or business that the person represents. Such
information may be submitted to the previously mentioned address.
Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.
Dated: June 15, 1999.
Penelope D. Dalton,
Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries
Services.
References Cited:
Casey, Jill M. and Ransom A. Myers. 1998. Near Extinction of a
Large, Widely Distributed Fish. Science. 281: 690-692.
[FR Doc. 99-15724 Filed 6-18-99; 8:45 am]
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