[Federal Register Volume 64, Number 58 (Friday, March 26, 1999)]
[Notices]
[Pages 14754-14757]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 99-7500]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
Notice of Inventory Completion for Native American Human Remains
and Associated Funerary Objects in the Possession of the University of
Nebraska State Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
AGENCY: National Park Service.
ACTION: Notice.
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Notice is hereby given in accordance with provisions of the Native
American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 43 CFR 10.9,
of the completion of an inventory of human remains and associated
funerary objects in the possession of University of Nebraska State
Museum, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE.
A detailed assessment of the human remains was made by University
of Nebraska professional staff in consultation with representatives of
the Pawnee Tribe of Oklahoma.
In 1959, human remains representing five individuals were recovered
from site 25BD1 overlooking Ponca Creek, Boyd County, NE during
excavations conducted under the direction of T. Witty. No known
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects were
present.
Based on ceramic and stone tool assemblages, site 25BD1 has been
identified as an Initial Coalescent occupation dated to circa 1400 A.D.
In 1931, human remains representing one individual were recovered
from Cache 3 of site 25BF1 near Sweetwater, NE during excavations
conducted by W.R. Wedel under the direction of W.D. Strong. No known
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects were
present.
Based on ceramic and stone tool assemblages, site 25BF1 has been
identified as a Loup River Phase (Itskari Phase) occupation dating to
between 1250-1450 A.D.
In 1940, human remains representing 20 individuals from site 25BO7,
Boone County, NE were recovered by John Champe during University of
Nebraska salvage archeology. No known individuals were identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
Based on burial location and skeletal morphology, these individuals
have been determined to be Native American. The location of this site
is close to a Central Plains Tradition village site, these individuals
are believed to be associated with the Central Plains Tradition.
In 1935, human remains representing one individual were recovered
from the Linwood site (25BU1), Butler County, NE by W.R. Wedel. No
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
Based on recorded associated funerary objects and manner of
interment, this individual has been determined to be Native American.
W.R. Wedel described an excavation by the Nebraska Archeological Survey
in which a ``flexed child burial'' was found, along with trade material
including iron hoes, axes, fragments of copper kettles, and bits of
brass and glass. The University of Nebraska has determined that these
human remains are most likely from the described child's burial.
Wedel's report concludes that the Linwood site (25BU1) is a Pawnee
village ``very probably inhabited about the year 1800, and may date, in
part, from a much earlier period.''
At an unknown date, human remains representing one individual were
recovered from the Ashland site (25CC1), Cass County, NE under unknown
circumstances. No known individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
Based on the condition of the human remains, museum records, and
site information, this individual has been determined to be Native
American, most likely from the Central Plains Tradition period. Based
on material culture and site organization, the Ashland site (25CC1) has
been identified as a multi-component site, including a Central Plains
Tradition component.
At an unknown date, human remains representing two individuals were
recovered from the Rock Bluff site (25CC31[25CC0]) overlooking the
Missouri River in southern Cass County, NE. No information is available
as to how or when these remains came into University of Nebraska State
Museum collections. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
Between 1914 and 1968, the University conducted excavations at the
nearby Walker Glimore site, during which these human remains were most
likely collected. Archeological evidence from these excavations
indicates the site is attributable to the Nebraska Culture of the
Central Plains Tradition.
In 1913, human remains representing 53 individuals from an ossuary
(25CC9001) in Plattsmouth, NE were excavated by R.F. Gilder and others
in an uncontrolled excavation following the discovery of the ossuary
during a work project. No known individuals were identified. The
associated funerary objects are 11 shell pendants or pendant fragments.
Based on burial location and manner of interment, this ossuary has
been attributed to the Nebraska Culture within the Central Plains
Tradition.
In 1934, human remains representing three individuals were
excavated from Wiseman Village (25CD3) on the south bank of the
Missouri River, Cedar County, NE under the direction of E.H. Bell of
the University of Nebraska. No known individuals were identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
Based on ceramics and stone tool assemblages, the Wiseman Village
site has been identified as probable St. Helena Phase occupation. The
St. Helena Phase is a component of the Central Plains Tradition.
In 1934, human remains representing 137 individuals were recovered
from Wiseman Mounds site (25CD4) under the direction of E.H. Bell of
the University of Nebraska. No known individuals were identified. The
two associated funerary objects are stone beads.
Based on probable association with the Wiseman village site, the
Wiseman Mounds have been identified as having a Central Plains
Tradition component. Based on the apparent age of the remains, these
individuals have been determined to be Native American dating to the
Central Plains Tradition period.
In 1941, human remains representing 200 individuals were recovered
from Wynot Ossuary (25CD7), Cedar County, NE during excavations
conducted by R.B. Cuming for the Nebraska State Archeological Survey.
No known individuals were identified. The four associated funerary
objects are shell beads.
Based on ceramics and stone tool assemblages present in the fill,
the Wynot Ossuary has been identified as in use during the St. Helena
Phase [1425-1500 A.D.] of the Central Plains Tradition. Based on
archeological context, these individuals have been identified as Native
American.
In 1978, human remains representing one individual were recovered
from site 25CD13, Cedar County, NE by J.
[[Page 14755]]
Ludwickson of the University of Nebraska Department of Anthropology. No
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects were
present.
Based on artifacts collected from the site, site 25CD13 has been
identified as a Central Plains Tradition occupation. Based on
archeological context and condition of the remains, this individual has
been identified as Native American.
In 1931, human remains representing one individual were recovered
from the Wolfe site (25CX2) near the mouth of Shell Creek, Colfax
County, NE during excavations conducted by W.D. Strong and Waldo Wedel.
No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
Based on ceramic and stone tool assemblages, the Wolfe site has
been identified as a Lower Loup period (1450-1550 A.D.) occupation of
the Central Plains Tradition. Based on the dates for this site, this
individual has been determined to be Native American.
In 1939, human remains representing two individuals were recovered
from the Bobier site (25DK1A), Dakota County, NE during University of
Nebraska/W.P.A. excavations conducted by S. Bartos, Jr. under the
supervision of H. Angelino. No known individuals were identified. No
associated funerary objects were present.
In 1939, human remains representing one individual were recovered
from another part of the Bobier site (25DK1B), Dakota County, NE during
excavations conducted by S. Bartos, Jr. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects were present.
Based on material culture of the sites, the Bobier sites have been
identified as a Nebraska Phase (1050-1425 A.D.) of the Central Plains
Tradition. Based on the dates for these sites, these individuals have
been determined to be Native American.
In 1940, human remains representing 130 individuals were recovered
from the Murphy Ossuary (25DK9), Dakota County, NE during excavations
conducted by J. Champe. No known individuals were identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
Based on ceramics, stone tools, and burial pattern, the Murphy
Ossuary has been identified as a St. Helena Phase (1425-1500 A.D.)
occupation of the Central Plains Tradition. Based on the dates for this
site, these individuals have been determined to be Native American.
In 1941, human remains representing 292 individuals were recovered
from the Maxwell site (25DK13) near Homer, NE during University of
Nebraska/W.P.A. excavations conducted by L. Bartos, Jr. under the
direction of John L. Champe and Paul Cooper. No known individuals were
identified. No associated funerary objects were present.
Based on bone preservation and ceramic sherds in fill, the Maxwell
site has been identified as a Central Plains Tradition occupation
(1050-1500 A.D.). Based on archeological context and dates for this
site, these individuals have been determined to be Native American.
In 1941, human remains representing 16 individuals were recovered
from an ossuary at the Hancock site (25DK14), Dakota County, NE during
excavations conducted by S. Bartos, Jr. No known individuals were
identified. No associated funerary objects were present.
Based on ceramic and stone tool assemblage, the Hancock site has
been identified as a St. Helena Phase (1425-1500 A.D.) occupation of
the Central Plains Tradition. Based on the dates for this site, these
individuals have been determined to be Native American.
Before 1909, human remains representing 11 individuals were
recovered from the ``Watson House'' site (25DOO), Omaha, NE during
excavations conducted by R.F. Gilder. No known individuals were
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Based on ceramic and stone tool assemblages, the ``Watson House''
site has been identified as a Nebraska Phase (1050-1425 A.D.)
occupation of the Central Plains Tradition. Based on the dates for this
site, these individuals have been determined to be Native American.
In 1913, human remains representing two individuals were recovered
from site 25D0O (11-25-5-13) in Omaha, NE during house construction and
donated to the University of Nebraska State Museum by R.H. Gilder. No
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
Based on the condition of the remains and known archeological sites
in this area, site 25DO0 (11-25-5-13) has been identified as a Nebraska
Culture (1050-1425 A.D.) occupation of the Central Plains Tradition.
Based on the probable dates for this site, these individuals have been
determined to be Native American.
In 1913, human remains representing one individual was excavated at
13th and Missouri Streets (25DO?2), Omaha, NE by R.F. Gilder. These
human remains became part of the Wallace collection and were donated to
the University of Nebraska State Museum in 1913. No known individual
was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Based on the condition of the remains and the cultural material
from this site, this burial has been determined to be Native American
from the Nebraska Phase (1050-1425 A.D.) of the Central Plains
Tradition.
In 1906, human remains representing 42 individuals were collected
from site 25DO26, Gilder's Mound, Long's Hill, NE by R.F. Gilder. No
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
This site is also known and the ``Loess Man'' site, due to the
human remains being found in loess soil. Material culture collected
from this site resemble Central Plains Tradition/Woodland materials on
the basis of the poor to fair preservation. Based on the condition of
the human remains and material culture from this site, these
individuals have been determined to be Native American from the
Nebraska Phase (1050-1425 A.D.) of the Central Plains Tradition.
At an unknown date, human remains representing one individual were
collected at site 25FR0, four miles north of the Riverton highlands,
Franklin County, NE by an unknown individual. No known individual was
identified. The four associated funerary objects are coils of brass
wire.
Based on the coils of brass wire and location of site 25FR0, this
burial has been attributed to the historic Pawnee c.1750-1850 A.D.
In 1983, human remains representing one individual were recovered
in the Upper Republican midden layer of site 25FT145, Frontier County,
NE during excavations in a habitation area directed by T. Myers. No
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
Based on the ceramics recovered in the midden, site 25FT145 has
been identified as an Upper Republican Culture occupation (950-1250
A.D.) of the Central Plains Tradition.
At an unknown date, human remains representing one individual were
recovered from the Goodrich site (25GY21), Greeley County, NE by W.J.
Hunt of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Nebraska-
Lincoln. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
Based on material culture, the Goodrich site has been identified as
a Central Plains Tradition (950-1450 A.D.) occupation. Based on the
material culture of this site, this individual has been determined to
be Native American.
In 1930, human remains representing four individuals were recovered
from the Graham Ossuary site (25HN5),
[[Page 14756]]
Harlan County, NE during excavations conducted by W. Wedel under the
direction of W.D. Strong. No known individuals were identified. The
minimum of 100 associated funerary objects include ceramic fragments,
shell beads, bone beads, bracelets, copper ornaments, ceramics, and
stone tools.
Based on the material culture, the Graham site has been identified
as a Upper Republican Phase occupation of the Central Plains Tradition.
Based on the associated funerary objects, these individuals have been
determined to be Native American.
In 1978, human remains representing one individual were recovered
from the Schmidt site (25HW301), Howard County, NE by S. Holen and C.
Roberts. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
Based on ceramic and stone tool assemblages, the Schmidt site has
been identified as a Central Plains Tradition occupation. Based on the
archeological context, this individual has been determined to be Native
American.
During 1936-1938, human remains representing 15 individuals were
recovered from the Ponca Fort site (25KX1), Knox County, NE during
excavations conducted by the Nebraska State Archeological Survey under
the direction of Perry Newell and S. Wimberly as part of WPA Official
Project 165-81-8095, Work Project 3140. No known
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
Based on ceramics and stone tool assemblages, this portion of the
Ponca Fort site has been identified as a Central Plains Tradition (950-
1250 A.D.) occupation. Based on archeological context, poor
preservation of the remains, poor dental health, and evidence of severe
arthritis in one individual, these individuals have been determined to
be Native American from the pre-contact period.
In 1961, human remains representing five individuals were recovered
from site 25KX20, a small area of land extending into Lewis and Clark
Lake near Crofton, NE during a survey conducted by P. Holder and R.
Krause for the University of Nebraska Department of Anthropology. No
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects were
present.
Based on ceramics and stone tools, site 25KX20 has been identified
as a Central Plains Tradition occupation dating to between (1050-1500
A.D.).
In 1913, human remains representing three individuals were
recovered from a small house ruin (25SY0/7-12-13) on a ridge near Mill
Hollow in Sarpy County, NE by R.F. Gilder. No known individuals were
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Based on material culture, site 25SY0 has been identified as a
Nebraska Culture (1050-1425 A.D.) occupation of the Central Plains
Tradition. Based on the dates for this site, these individuals have
been identified as Native American.
In 1914, human remains representing eight individuals were
recovered from the Childs Point site (25SY0) overlooking the Missouri
River in Sarpy County, NE under the direction of R.F. Gilder and were
accessioned into the University of Nebraska State Museum. No known
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects were
present.
Based on material culture, the Childs Point site has been
identified as a Nebraska Phase (1050-1425 A.D.) occupation of the
Central Plains Tradition. Based on the dates of this site, these
individuals have been determined to be Native American.
During 1908-1917, human remains representing 46 individuals from
the Wallace Mound site (25SY67) were excavated under the direction of
R.F. Gilder and accessioned into the University of Nebraska State
Museum. No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary
objects were present.
In 1913, human remains representing six individuals were removed
from the Swoboda site (25SY67/31-8-14), part of the Wallace Mounds
site, Sarpy County, NE and were secured by Miss Edith Dennett who
donated these remains to the University of Nebraska State Museum in
1914. No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
Based on the association with the Child's Point site, the Wallace
Mound site has been identified as a Nebraska Culture (1050-1425 A.D.)
occupation of the Central Plains Tradition. Based on the condition of
the skeletal material, these individuals have been determined to be
Native American.
In 1938 and 1939, human remains representing one individual were
recovered from Cache Pit B of the Redbird site (25HT3), Holt County, NE
during legally authorized excavations conducted by E. Bell for the
W.P.A. Work Project 4841. No known individual was identified.
No associated funerary objects were present.
Based on material culture and geographical location, the Redbird
site has been identified as an Extended Coalescent Tradition site.
Based on the archeological context, material culture, and manner of
interment this individual has been identified as Native American. Based
on ceramic evidence and development, the Extended Coalescent Tradition
has been identified as ancestral to the present-day Pawnee.
Based on continuities of ceramic decoration, stone tool form and
function, architecture, chronology, mortuary custom, subsistence
pattern, settlement pattern, and geographic location, the Central
Plains Tradition is recognized by many anthropologists as ancestral to
the present-day Pawnee and Arikara. Pawnee and Arikara oral traditions
also indicate cultural affiliation between the earlier Central Plains
Tradition and these present-day tribes.
Based on the above mentioned information, officials of the
University of Nebraska have determined that, pursuant to 43 CFR 10.2
(d)(1), the human remains listed above represent the physical remains
of 1,014 individuals of Native American ancestry. Officials of the
University of Nebraska have also determined that, pursuant to 43 CFR
10.2 (d)(2), the approximately 121 objects listed above are reasonably
believed to have been placed with or near individual human remains at
the time of death or later as part of the death rite or ceremony.
Lastly, officials of the University of Nebraska have determined that,
pursuant to 43 CFR 10.2 (e), there is a relationship of shared group
identity which can be reasonably traced between these Native American
human remains and associated funerary objects and the Pawnee Tribe of
Oklahoma.
This notice has been sent to officials of the Pawnee Tribe of
Oklahoma, the Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation,
and the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes. Representatives of any other
Indian tribe that believes itself to be culturally affiliated with
these human remains and associated funerary objects should contact Dr.
Priscilla Grew, University of Nebraska, 302 Canfield Administration
Building, Lincoln, NE 68588-0433; telephone: (402) 472-3123, before
April 26, 1999. Repatriation of the human remains and associated
funerary objects to the Pawnee Tribe of Oklahoma may begin after that
date if no additional claimants come forward.
The Ponca Tribe of Oklahoma notified the University of Nebraska-
Lincoln by letter dated December 14, 1998 that the Tribe claims the
human remains and associated funerary objects listed in this notice
from the following sites: 25BD1; 25CD3; 25CD4; 25CD7; 25CD13; 25DK1A;
25DK1B; 25DK9; 25DK14; 25HT3; 25KX1; 25KX20; 25SY0(7-12-
[[Page 14757]]
13); 25SY0; 25SY67; and 25SY67(31-8-14).
The National Park Service is not responsible for the determinations
within this notice.
Dated: March 17, 1999.
Veletta Canouts,
Acting Departmental Consulting Archeologist,
Deputy Manager, Archeology and Ethnography Program.
[FR Doc. 99-7500 Filed 3-25-99; 8:45 am]
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