[Federal Register Volume 63, Number 234 (Monday, December 7, 1998)]
[Notices]
[Pages 67548-67558]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 98-30272]



[[Page 67547]]

_______________________________________________________________________

Part IV





Environmental Protection Agency





_______________________________________________________________________



National Recommended Water Quality Criteria; Notice

  Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 234 / Monday, December 7, 1998 / 
Notices  

[[Page 67548]]



ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[FRL-OW-6186-6a]


National Recommended Water Quality Criteria

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Compilation of recommended water quality criteria and notice of 
process for new and revised criteria.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: EPA is publishing a compilation of its national recommended 
water quality criteria for 157 pollutants, developed pursuant to 
section 304(a) of the Clean Water Act (CWA or the Act). These 
recommended criteria provide guidance for States and Tribes in adopting 
water quality standards under section 303(c) of the CWA. Such standards 
are used in implementing a number of environmental programs, including 
setting discharge limits in National Pollutant Discharge Elimination 
System (NPDES) permits. These water quality criteria are not 
regulations, and do not impose legally binding requirements on EPA, 
States, Tribes or the public.
    This document also describes changes in EPA's process for deriving 
new and revised 304(a) criteria. Comments provided to the Agency about 
the content of this Notice will be considered in future publications of 
water quality criteria and in carrying out the process for deriving 
water quality criteria. With this improved process the public will have 
more opportunity to provide data and views for consideration by EPA. 
The public may send any comments or observations regarding the 
compilation format or the process for deriving new or revised water 
quality criteria to the Agency now, or anytime while the process is 
being implemented.

ADDRESSES: A copy of the document, ``National Recommended Water Quality 
Criteria'' is available from the U.S. EPA, National Center for 
Environmental Publications and Information, 11029 Kenwood Road, 
Cincinnati, Ohio 45242, phone (513) 489-8190. The publication is also 
available electronically at: http://www.epa.gov/ost. Send an original 
and 3 copies of written comments to W-98-24 Comment Clerk, Water 
Docket, MC 4104, US EPA, 401 M Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460. 
Comments may also be submitted electronically to OW-
D[email protected]. Comments should be submitted as a WP5.1, 6.1 or 
an ASCII file with no form of encryption. The documents cited in the 
compilation of recommended criteria are available for inspection from 9 
to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays, at the 
Water Docket, EB57, East Tower Basement, USEPA, 401 M St., S.W., 
Washington, D.C. 20460. For access to these materials, please call 
(202) 260-3027 to schedule an appointment.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Cindy A. Roberts, Health and 
Ecological Criteria Division (4304), U.S. EPA, 401 M. Street, S.W., 
Washington, D.C. 20460; (202) 260-2787; [email protected].

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. What Are Water Quality Criteria?

    Section 304(a)(1) of the Clean Water Act requires EPA to develop 
and publish, and from time to time revise, criteria for water quality 
accurately reflecting the latest scientific knowledge. Water quality 
criteria developed under section 304(a) are based solely on data and 
scientific judgments on the relationship between pollutant 
concentrations and environmental and human health effects. Section 
304(a) criteria do not reflect consideration of economic impacts or the 
technological feasibility of meeting the chemical concentrations in 
ambient water. Section 304(a) criteria provide guidance to States and 
Tribes in adopting water quality standards that ultimately provide a 
basis for controlling discharges or releases of pollutants. The 
criteria also provide guidance to EPA when promulgating federal 
regulations under section 303(c) when such action is necessary.

II. What is in the Compilation Published Today?

    EPA is today publishing a compilation of its national recommended 
water quality criteria for 157 pollutants. This compilation is also 
available in hard copy at the address given above.
    The compilation is presented as a summary table containing EPA's 
water quality criteria for 147 pollutants, and for an additional 10 
pollutants, criteria solely for organoleptic effects. For each set of 
criteria, EPA lists a Federal Register citation, EPA document number or 
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) entry (www.epa.gov/ngispgm3/
iris/irisdat). Specific information pertinent to the derivation of 
individual criteria may be found in cited references. If no criteria 
are listed for a pollutant, EPA does not have any national recommended 
water quality criteria.
    These water quality criteria are the Agency's current recommended 
304(a) criteria, reflecting the latest scientific knowledge. They are 
generally applicable to the waters of the United States. EPA recommends 
that States and Tribes use these water quality criteria as guidance in 
adopting water quality standards pursuant to section 303(c) of the Act 
and the implementing of federal regulations at 40 CFR part 131. Water 
quality criteria derived to address site-specific situations are not 
included; EPA recommends that States and Tribes follow EPA's technical 
guidance in the ``Water Quality Standards Handbook--2nd Edition,'' EPA, 
August 1994, in deriving such site-specific criteria. EPA recognizes 
that in limited circumstances there may be regulatory voids in the 
absence of State or Tribal water quality standards for specific 
pollutants. However, States and Tribes should utilize the existing 
State and Tribal narrative criteria to address such situations; States 
and Tribes may consult EPA criteria documents and cites in the summary 
table for additional information.
    The national recommended water quality criteria include: previously 
published criteria that are unchanged; criteria that have been 
recalculated from earlier criteria; and newly calculated criteria, 
based on peer-reviewed assessments, methodologies and data, that have 
not been previously published.
    The information used to calculate the water quality criteria is not 
included in the summary table. Most information has been previously 
published by the Agency in a variety of sources, and the summary table 
cites those sources.
    When using these 304(a) criteria as guidance in adopting water 
quality standards, EPA recommends States and Tribes consult the 
citations referenced in the summary table for additional information 
regarding the derivation of individual criteria.
    The Agency intends to revise the compilation of national 
recommended water quality criteria from time to time to keep States and 
Tribes informed as to the most current recommended water quality 
criteria.

III. How Are National Recommended Water Quality Criteria Used?

    Once new or revised 304(a) criteria are published by EPA, the 
Agency expects States and Tribes to adopt promptly new or revised 
numeric water quality criteria into their standards consistent with one 
of the three options in 40 CFR 131.11. These options are: (1) Adopt the 
recommended section 304(a) criteria; (2) adopt section 304(a) criteria 
modified to reflect site-specific conditions; or, (3) adopt criteria 
derived using other scientifically defensible

[[Page 67549]]

methods. In adopting criteria under option (2) or (3), States and 
Tribes must adopt water quality criteria sufficient to protect the 
designated uses of their waters. When establishing a numerical value 
based on 304(a) criteria, States and Tribes may reflect site specific 
conditions or use other scientifically defensible methods. However, 
States and Tribes should not selectively apply data or selectively use 
endpoints, species, risk levels, or exposure parameters in deriving 
criteria; this would not accurately characterize risk and would not 
result in criteria protective of designated uses.
    EPA emphasizes that, in the course of carrying out its 
responsibilities under section 303(c), it reviews State and Tribal 
water quality standards to assess the need for new or revised water 
quality criteria. EPA generally believes that five years from the date 
of EPA's publication of new or revised water quality criteria is a 
reasonable time by which States and Tribes should take action to adopt 
new or revised water quality criteria necessary to protect the 
designated uses of their waters. This period is intended to accommodate 
those States and Tribes that have begun a triennial review and wish to 
complete the actions they have underway, deferring initiating adoption 
of new or revised section 304(a) criteria until the next triennial 
review.

IV. What is the Status of Existing Criteria While They Are Under 
Revision?

    The question of the status of the existing section 304(a) criteria 
often arises when EPA announces that it is beginning a reassessment of 
existing criteria. The general answer is that water quality criteria 
published by EPA remain the Agency's recommended water quality criteria 
until EPA revises or withdraws the criteria. For example, while 
undertaking recent reassessments of dioxin, PCBs, and other chemicals, 
EPA has consistently upheld the use of the current section 304(a) 
criteria for these chemicals and considers them to be scientifically 
sound until new, peer reviewed, scientific assessments indicate changes 
are needed. Therefore, the criteria in today's notice are and will 
continue to be the Agency's national recommended water quality criteria 
for States and Tribes to use in adopting or revising their water 
quality standards until superseded by the publication of revised 
criteria, or withdrawn by notice in the Federal Register.

V. What is the Process for Developing New or Revised Criteria?

    Section 304(a)(1) of the CWA requires the Agency to develop and 
publish, and from time to time revise, criteria for water quality 
accurately reflecting the latest scientific knowledge. The Agency has 
developed an improved process that it intends to use when deriving new 
criteria or conducting a major reassessment of existing criteria. The 
purpose of the improved process is to provide expanded opportunities 
for public input, and to make the process more efficient.
    When deriving new criteria, or when initiating a major reassessment 
of existing criteria, EPA will take the following steps.
    1. EPA will first undertake a comprehensive review of available 
data and information.
    2. EPA will publish a notice in the Federal Register and on the 
Internet announcing its assessment or reassessment of the pollutant. 
The notice will describe the data available to the Agency, and will 
solicit any additional pertinent data or views that may be useful in 
deriving new or revised criteria. EPA is especially interested in 
hearing from the public regarding new data or information that was 
unavailable to the Agency, and scientific views as to the application 
of the relevant Agency methodology for deriving water quality criteria.
    3. After public input is received and evaluated, EPA will then 
utilize information obtained from both the Agency's literature review 
and the public to develop draft recommended water quality criteria.
    4. EPA will initiate a peer review of the draft criteria. Agency 
peer review consists of a documented critical review by qualified 
independent experts. Information about EPA peer review practices may be 
found in the Science Policy Council's Peer Review Handbook (EPA 100-B-
98-001, www.epa.gov).
    5. Concurrent with the peer review in step four, EPA will publish a 
notice in the Federal Register and on the Internet, of the availability 
of the draft water quality criteria and solicit views from the public 
on issues of science pertaining to the information used in deriving the 
draft criteria. The Agency believes it is important to provide the 
public with the opportunity to provide scientific views on the draft 
criteria even though we are not required to invite and respond to 
written comments.
    6. EPA will evaluate the results of the peer review, and prepare a 
response document for the record in accordance with EPA's Peer Review 
Handbook. EPA at the same time will consider views provided by the 
public on issues of science. Major scientific issues will be addressed 
in the record whether from the peer review or the public.
    7. EPA will then revise the draft criteria as necessary, and 
announce the availability of the final water quality criteria in the 
Federal Register and on the Internet.

VI. What is the Process for Minor Revisions to Criteria?

    In addition to developing new criteria, and conducting major 
reassessments of existing criteria, EPA also from time to time 
recalculates criteria based on new information pertaining to individual 
components of the criteria. For example, in today's notice, EPA has 
recalculated a number of criteria based on new, peer-reviewed data 
contained in EPA's IRIS. Because such recalculations normally result in 
only minor changes to the criteria, do not ordinarily involve a change 
in the underlying scientific methodologies, and reflect peer-reviewed 
data, EPA will typically publish such recalculated criteria directly as 
the Agency's recommended water quality criteria. If it appears that a 
recalculation results in a significant change EPA will follow the 
process of peer review and public input outlined above. Further, when 
EPA recalculates national water quality criteria in the course of 
proposing or promulgating state-specific federal water quality 
standards pursuant to section 303(c), EPA will offer an opportunity for 
national public input on the recalculated criteria.

VII. How Does the Process Outlined Above Improve Public Input and 
Efficiency?

    In the past, EPA developed draft criteria documents and announced 
their availability for public comment in the Federal Register. This led 
to new data and views coming to EPA's attention after draft criteria 
had already been developed. Responding to new data would sometimes lead 
to extensive revisions.
    The steps outlined above improve the criteria development process 
in the following ways.
    1. The new process is Internet-based which is in line with EPA 
policy for public access and dissemination of information gathered by 
EPA. Use of the Internet will allow the public to be more engaged in 
the criteria development process than previously and to more 
knowledgeably follow criteria development. For new criteria or major 
revisions, EPA will announce its

[[Page 67550]]

intentions to derive the new or revised criteria on the Internet and 
include a list of the available literature. This will give the public 
an opportunity to provide additional data that might not otherwise be 
identified by the Agency.
    2. The public now has two opportunities to contribute data and 
views, before development and during development, instead of a single 
opportunity after development.
    3. EPA has instituted broader and more formal peer review 
procedures. This independent scientific review is a more rigorous 
disciplinary practice to ensure technical improvements in Agency 
decision making. Previously, EPA used the public comment process 
outlined above to obtain peer review. The new process allows for both 
public input and a formal peer review, resulting in a more thorough and 
complete evaluation of the criteria.
    4. Announcing the availability of the draft water quality criteria 
on the Internet will give the public an opportunity to provide input on 
issues of science in a more timely manner.

VIII. Where Can I Find More Information About Water Quality 
Criteria and Water Quality Standards?

    For more information about water quality criteria and Water Quality 
Standards refer to the following: Water Quality Standards Handbook (EPA 
823-B94-005a); Advanced Notice of Proposed Rule Making (ANPRM), (63 FR 
36742); Water Quality Criteria and Standards Plan--Priorities for the 
Future (EPA 822-R-98-003); Guidelines and Methodologies Used in the 
Preparation of Health Effects Assessment Chapters of the Consent Decree 
Water Criteria Documents (45 FR 79347); Draft Water Quality Criteria 
Methodology Revisions: Human Health (63 FR 43755, EPA 822-Z-98-001); 
and Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria 
for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses (EPA 822/R-85-
100); National Strategy for the Development of Regional Nutrient 
Criteria (EPA 822-R-98-002).
    These publications may also be accessed through EPA's National 
Center for Environmental Publications and Information (NCEPI) or on the 
Office of Science and Technology's Home-page (www.epa.gov/OST).

IX. What Are the National Recommended Water Quality Criteria?

    The following compilation and its associated footnotes and notes 
presents the national recommended water quality criteria.

[[Page 67551]]



                                                            National Recommended Water Quality Criteria for Priority Toxic Pollutants
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                          Freshwater                               Saltwater                   Human health for consumption of:
                                           ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
       Priority pollutant         CAS No.    CMC  (g/   CCC  (g/   CMC  (g/   CCC  (g/   Water + organism      Organism only           FR cite/source
                                                    L)                  L)                  L)                  L)            (g/L)      (g/L)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1  Antimony....................    7440360  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  14 B,\\Z..........  4300 B............  57 FR 60848
2  Arsenic.....................    7440382  340 A,D,K.........  150 A,D,K.........  69 A,D,bb.........  36A,D,bb..........  ..................  ..................  62 FR 42160
                                                                                                                            0.018 C,M,S.......  0.14 C,M,S........  57 FR 60848
3  Beryllium...................    7440417  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  J,\\Z.............  J.................  62 FR 42160
4  Cadmium.....................    7440439  4.3 D,\\E,\\K.....  2.2 D,\\E,\\K.....  42 D,\\bb.........  9.3 D,\\bb........  J,\\Z.............  J.................  62 FR 42160
5a  Chromium III...............   16065831  570 D,\\E,\\K.....  74 D,E,K..........  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  EPA 820/B-96-001
                                                                                                                            J,\\Z Total.......  J.................  62 FR 42160
5b  Chromium VI................   18540299  16 D,\\K..........  11 D,\\K..........  1,100 D,\\bb......  50 D,\\bb.........  J,\\Z Total.......  J.................  62 FR 42160
6  Copper......................    7440508  13 D,\\E,\\K,\\cc.  9.0 D,\\E,\\K,\\cc  4.8 D,\\cc,\\ff...  3.1 D,\\cc,\\ff...  1,300 U...........  ..................  62 FR 42160
7  Lead........................    7439921  65 D,\\E,\\bb,\\gg  2.5 D,\\E,\\bb,\\g  210 D,\\bb........  8.1 D,\\bb........  J.................  J.................  62 FR 42160
                                                                 g.
8  Mercury.....................    7439976  1.4 D,\\K,\\hh....  0.77 D,\\K,\\hh...  1.8 D,\\ee,\\hh...  0.94 D,\\ee,\\hh..  0.050 B...........  0.051 B...........  62 FR 42160
9  Nickel......................    7440020  470 D,\\E,\\K.....  52 D,\\E,\\K......  74 D,\\bb.........  8.2 D,\\bb........  610 B.............  4,600 B...........  62 FR 42160
10  Selenium...................    7782492  L,\\R,\\T.........  5.0 T.............  290 D,\\bb,\\dd...  71 D,\\bb,\\dd....  ..................  ..................  62 FR 42160
                                                                                                                            170 Z.............  11,000............  IRIS 09/01/91
11  Silver.....................    7440224  3.4 D,\\E,\\G.....  ..................  1.9 D,\\G.........  ..................  ..................  ..................  62 FR 42160
12  Thallium...................    7440280  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  1.7 B.............  6.3 B.............  57 FR 60848
13  Zinc.......................    7440666  120 D,\\E,\\K.....  120 D,\\E,\\K.....  90 D,\\bb.........  81 D,\\bb.........  ..................  ..................  62 FR 42160
                                                                                                                            9,100 U...........  69,000 U..........  IRIS 10/01/92
14  Cyanide....................      57125  22 K,\\Q..........  5.2 K,\\Q.........  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  EPA 820/B-96-001
                                                                                    1 Q,\\bb..........  1 Q,\\bb..........  700 B,\\Z.........  220,000 B,\\H.....  57 FR 60848
15  Asbestos...................    1332214  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  7 million fibers/L  ..................  57 FR 60848
                                                                                                                             I.
16  2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD Dioxin.....    1746016  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  1.3E-8 C..........  1.4E-8 C..........  62 FR 42160
17  Acrolein...................     107028  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  320...............  780...............  57 FR 60848
18  Acrylonitrile..............     107131  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.059 B,C.........  0.66 B,C..........  57 FR 60848
19  Benzene....................      71432  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  1.2 B,C...........  71 B,C............  62 FR 42160
20  Bromoform..................      75252  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  4.3 B,C...........  360 B,C...........  62 FR 42160
21  Carbon Tetrachloride.......      56235  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.25 B,C..........  4.4 B,C...........  57 FR 60848
22  Chlorobenzene..............     108907  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  680 B,Z...........  21,000 B,H........  57 FR 60848
23  Chlorodibromomethane.......     124481  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.41 B,C..........  34 B,C............  62 FR 42160
24  Chloroethane...............      75003                                                                                                                          ............................
25  2-Chloroethylvinyl Ether...     110758                                                                                                                          ............................
26  Chloroform.................      67663  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  5.7 B,C...........  470 B,C...........  62 FR 42160
27  Dichlorobromomethane.......      75274  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.56 B,C..........  46 B,C............  62 FR 42160
28  1,1-Dichloroethane.........      75343                                                                                                                          ............................
29  1,2-Dichloroethane.........     107062  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.38 B,C..........  99 B,C............  57 FR 60848
30  1,1-Dichloroethylene.......      75354  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.057 B,C.........  3.2 B,C...........  57 FR 60848
31  1,2-Dichloropropane........      78875  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.52 B,C..........  39 B,C............  62 FR 42160
32  1,3-Dichloropropene........     542756  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  10 B..............  1,700 B...........  57 FR 60848
33  Ethylbenzene...............     100414  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  3,100 B,Z.........  29,000 B..........  62 FR 42160
34  Methyl Bromide.............      74839  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  48 B..............  4000 B............  62 FR 42160
35  Methyl Chloride............      74873  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  J.................  J.................  62 FR 42160
36  Methylene Chloride.........      75092  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  4.7 B,C...........  1600 B,C..........  62 FR 42160
37  1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane..      79345  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.17 B,C..........  11B,C.............  57 FR 60848
38  Tetrachloroethylene........     127184  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.8 C.............  8.85 C............  57 FR 60848
39  Toluene....................     108883  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  6,800 B,Z.........  200,000 B.........  62 FR 42160
40  1,2-Trans-Dichloroethylene.     156605  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  700 B,Z...........  140,000 B.........  62 FR 42160
41  1,1,1-Trichloroethane......      71556  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................   J,Z..............   J................  62 FR 42160
42  1,1,2-Trichloroethane......      79005  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.60 B,C..........  42 B,C............  57 FR 60848
43  Trichloroethylene..........      79016  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  2.7 C.............  81 C..............  57 FR 60848
44  Vinyl Chloride.............      75014  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  2.0 C.............  525 C.............  57 FR 60848
45  2-Chlorophenol.............      95578  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  120 B,U...........  400 B,U...........  62 FR 42160
46  2,4-Dichlorophenol.........     120832  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  93 B,U............  790 B,U...........  57 FR 60848
47  2,4-Dimethylphenol.........     105679  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  540 B,U...........  2,300 B,U.........  62 FR 42160
48  2-Methyl-4,6-Dinitrophenol.     534521  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  13.4..............  765...............  57 FR 60848
49  2,4-Dinitrophenol..........      51285  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  70 B..............  14,000 B..........  57 FR 60848
50  2-Nitrophenol..............      88755                                                                                                                          ............................
51  4-Nitrophenol..............     100027                                                                                                                          ............................
52  3-Methyl-4-Chlorophenol....      59507  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................   U................   U.

[[Page 67552]]

 
53  Pentachlorophenol..........      87865  19 F,K............  15 F,K............  13 bb.............  7.9 bb............  0.28 B,C..........  8.2 B,C,H.........  62 FR 42160
54  Phenol.....................     108952  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  21,000 B,U........  ..................  62 FR 42160
                                                                                                                                                4,600,000 B,H,U...  57 FR 60848
55  2,4,6-Trichlorophenol......      88062  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  2.1 B,C,U.........  6.5 B,C...........  62 FR 42160
56  Acenaphthene...............      83329  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  1,200 B,U.........  2,700 B,U.........  62 FR 42160
57  Acenaphthylene.............     208968
58  Anthracene.................     120127  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  9,600 B...........  110,000 B.........  62 FR 42160
59  Benzidine..................      92875  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.00012 B,C.......  0.00054 B,C.......  57 FR 60848
60  BenzoaAnthracene...........      56553  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0044 B,C........  0.049 B,C.........  62 FR 42160
61  BenzoaPyrene...............      50328  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0044 B,C........  0.049 B,C.........  62 FR 42160
62  BenzobFluoranthene.........     205992  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0044 B,C........  0.049 B,C.........  62 FR 42160
63  BenzoghiPerylene...........     191242                                                                                                                          ............................
64  BenzokFluoranthene.........     207089  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0044 B,C........  0.049 B,C.........  62 FR 42160
65  Bis2-ChloroethoxyMethane...     111911                                                                                                                          ............................
66  Bis2-ChloroethylEther......     111444  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.031 B,C.........  1.4 B,C...........  57 FR 60848
67  Bis2-ChloroisopropylEther..   39638329  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  1,400 B...........  ..................  62 FR 42160
                                                                                                                                                170,000 B.........  57 FR 60848
68  Bis2-EthylhexylPhthalate X.     117817  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  1.8 B,C...........  5.9 B,C...........  57 FR 60848
69  4-Bromophenyl Phenyl Ether.     101553                                                                                                                          ............................
70  Butylbenzyl PhthalateW.....      85687  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  3,000 B...........  5,200 B...........  62 FR 42160
71  2-Chloronaphthalene........      91587  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  1,700 B...........  4,300 B...........  62 FR 42160
72  4-Chlorophenyl Phenyl Ether    7005723                                                                                                                          ............................
73  Chrysene...................     218019  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0044 B,C........  0.049 B,C.........  62 FR 42160
74  Dibenzoa,hAnthracene.......      53703  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0044 B,C........  0.049 B,C.........  62 FR 42160
75  1,2-Dichlorobenzene........      95501  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  2,700 B,Z.........  17,000 B..........  62 FR 42160
76  1,3-Dichlorobenzene........     541731  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  400...............  2,600.............  62 FR 42160
77  1,4-Dichlorobenzene........     106467  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  400 Z.............  2,600.............  62 FR 42160
78  3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine.....      91941  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.04 B,C..........  0.077 B,C.........  57 FR 60848
79  Diethyl Phthalate W........      84662  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  23,000 B..........  120,000 B.........  57 FR 60848
80  Dimethyl Phthalate W.......     131113  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  313,000...........  2,900,000.........  57 FR 60848
81  Di-n-Butyl Phthalate W.....      84742  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  2,700 B...........  12,000 B..........  57 FR 60848
82  2,4-Dinitrotoluene.........     121142  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.11 C............  9.1 C.............  57 FR 60848
83  2,6-Dinitrotoluene.........     606202                                                                                                                          ............................
84  Di-n-Octyl Phthalate.......     117840                                                                                                                          ............................
85  1,2-Diphenylhydrazine......     122667  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.040 B,C.........  0.54 B,C..........  57 FR 60848
86  Fluoranthene...............     206440  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  300 B.............  370 B.............  62 FR 42160
87  Fluorene...................      86737  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  1,300 B...........  14,000 B..........  62 FR 42160
88  Hexachlorobenzene..........     118741  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.00075 B,C.......  0.00077 B,C.......  62 FR 42160
89  Hexachlorobutadiene........      87683  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.44 B,C..........  50 B,C............  57 FR 60848
90  Hexachlorocyclopentadiene..      77474  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  240 B,U,Z.........  17,000 B,H,U......  57 FR 60848
91  Hexachloroethane...........      67721  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  1.9 B,C...........  8.9 B,C...........  57 FR 60848
92  Ideno 1,2,3-cdPyrene.......     193395  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0044 B,C........  0.049 B,C.........  62 FR 42160
93  Isophorone.................      78591  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  36 B,C............  2,600 B,C.........  IRIS 11/01/97
94  Naphthalene................      91203                                                                                                                          ............................
95  Nitrobenzene...............      98953  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  17 B..............  1,900 B,H,U.......  57 FR 60848
96  N-Nitrosodimethylamine.....      62759  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.00069 B,C.......  8.1 B,C...........  57 FR 60848
97  N-Nitrosodi-n-Propylamine..     621647  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.005 B,C.........  1.4 B,C...........  62 FR 42160
98  N-Nitrosodiphenylamine.....      86306  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  5.0 B,C...........  16 B,C............  57 FR 60848
99  Phenanthrene...............      85018                                                                                                                          ............................
100  Pyrene....................     129000  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  960 B.............  11,000 B..........  62 FR 42160
101  1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene....     120821  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  260 Z.............  940...............  IRIS 11/01/96
102  Aldrin....................     309002  3.0 G.............  ..................  1.3 G.............  ..................  0.00013 B,C.......  0.00014 B,C.......  62 FR 42160
103  alpha-BHC.................     319846  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0039 B,C........  0.013 B,C.........  62 FR 42160
104  beta-BHC..................     319857  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.014 B,C.........  0.046 B,C.........  62 FR 42160
105  gamma-BHC (Lindane).......      58899  0.95 K............  ..................  0.16 G............  ..................  0.019 C...........  0.063 C...........  62 FR 42160
106  delta-BHC.................     319868
107  Chlordane.................      57749  2.4 G.............  0.0043 G,aa.......  0.09 G............  0.004 G,aa........  ..................  ..................  62 FR 42160
                                                                                                                            0.0021 B,C........  0.0022 B,C........  IRIS 02/07/98

[[Page 67553]]

 
108  4,4'-DDT..................      50293  1.1 G.............  0.001 G,aa........  0.13 G............  0.001 G,aa........  0.00059 B,C.......  0.00059 B,C.......  62 FR 42160
109  4,4'-DDE..................      72559  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.00059 B,C.......  0.00059 B,C.......  62 FR 42160
110  4,4'-DDD..................      72548  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.00083 B,C.......  0.00084 B,C.......  62 FR 42160
111  Dieldrin..................      60571  0.24 K............  0.056 K,O.........  0.71 G............  0.0019 G,aa.......  0.00014 B,C.......  0.00014 B,C.......  62 FR 42160
112  alpha-Endosulfan..........     959988  0.22 G,Y..........  0.056 G,Y.........  0.034 G,Y.........  0.0087 G,Y........  110 B.............  240 B.............  62 FR 42160
113  beta-Endosulfan...........   33213659  0.22 G,Y..........  0.056 G,Y.........  0.034 G,Y.........  0.0087 G,Y........  110 B.............  240 B.............  62 FR 42160
114  Endosulfan Sulfate........    1031078  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  110 B.............  240 B.............  62 FR 42160
115  Endrin....................      72208  0.086 K...........  0.036 K,O.........  0.037 G...........  0.0023 G,aa.......  0.76 B............  0.81 B,H..........  62 FR 42160
116  Endrin Aldehyde...........    7421934  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.76 B............  0.81 B,H..........  62 FR 42160
117  Heptachlor................      76448  0.52 G............  0.0038 G,aa.......  0.053 G...........  0.0036 G,aa.......  0.00021 B,C.......  0.00021 B,C.......  62 FR 42160
118  Heptachlor Epoxide........    1024573  0.52 G,V..........  0.0038 G,V,aa.....  0.053 G,V.........  0.0036 G,V,aa.....  0.00010 B,C.......  0.00011 B,C.......  62 FR 42160
119  Polychlorinated Biphenyls   .........  ..................  0.014 N,aa........  ..................  0.03 N,aa.........  ..................  ..................  62 FR 42160
  PCBs                                                                                                                      0.00017 B,C,P.....  0.00017 B,C,P.....  63 FR 16182
120  Toxaphene.................    8001352  0.73..............  0.0002 aa.........  0.21..............  0.0002 aa.........  0.00073 B,C.......  0.00075 B,C.......  62 FR 42160
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Footnotes:
 AA This recommended water quality criterion was derived from data for arsenic (III), but is applied here to total arsenic, which might imply that arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) are equally
  toxic to aquatic life and that their toxicities are additive. In the arsenic criteria document (EPA 440/5-84-033, January 1985), Species Mean Acute Values are given for both arsenic (III)
  and arsenic (V) for five species and the ratios of the SMAVs for each species range from 0.6 to 1.7. Chronic values are available for both arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) for one species; for
  the fathead minnow, the chronic value for arsenic (V) is 0.29 times the chronic value for arsenic (III). No data are known to be available concerning whether the toxicities of the forms of
  arsenic to aquatic organisms are additive.
 AB This criterion has been revised to reflect The Environmental Protection Agency's q1* or RfD, as contained in the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as of April 8, 1998. The fish
  tissue bioconcentration factor (BCF) from the 1980 Ambient Water Quality Criteria document was retained in each case.
 AC This criterion is based on carcinogenicity of 10 -6 risk. Alternate risk levels may be obtained by moving the decimal point (e.g., for a risk level of 10 -5, move the decimal point in the
  recommended criterion one place to the right).
 AD Freshwater and saltwater criteria for metals are expressed in terms of the dissolved metal in the water column. The recommended water quality criteria value was calculated by using the
  previous 304(a) aquatic life criteria expressed in terms of total recoverable metal, and multiplying it by a conversion factor (CF). The term ``Conversion Factor'' (CF) represents the
  recommended conversion factor for converting a metal criterion expressed as the total recoverable fraction in the water column to a criterion expressed as the dissolved fraction in the water
  column. (Conversion Factors for saltwater CCCs are not currently available. Conversion factors derived for saltwater CMCs have been used for both saltwater CMCs and CCCs.) See ``Office of
  Water Policy and Technical Guidance on Interpretation and Implementation of Aquatic Life Metals Criteria,'' October 1, 1993, by Martha G. Prothro, Acting Assistant Administrator for Water,
  available from the Water Resource center, USEPA, 401 M St., SW, mall code RC4100, Washington, DC 20460; and 40 CFRSec.  131.36(b)(1). Conversion Factors applied in the table can be found in
  Appendix A to the Preamble--Conversion Factors for Dissolved Metals.
 AE The freshwater criterion for this metal is expressed as a function of hardness (mg/L) in the water column. The value given here corresponds to a hardness of 100 mg/L. Criteria values for
  other hardness may be calculated from the following: CMC (dissolved) = exp {m A [ln(hardness)]+b A} (CF), or CCC (dissolved) = exp {m C [ln (hardness)]+b C} (CF) and the parameters specified
  in Appendix B to the Preamble--Parameters for Calculating Freshwater Dissolved Metals Criteria That Are Hardness-Dependent.
 AF Freshwater aquatic life values for pentachlorophenol are expressed as a function of pH, and are calculated as follows: CMD=exp(1.005(pH)-4.869); CCC=exp(1.005 (pH)-5.134). Values displayed
  in table correspond to a pH of 7.8.
 AG This Criterion is based on 304(a) aquatic life criterion issued in 1980, and was issued in one of the following documents: Aldrin/Dieldrin (EPA 440/5-80-019), Chlordane (EPA 440/5-80-027),
  DDT (EPA 440/5-80-038), Endosulfan (EPA 440/5-80-046), Endrin (EPA 440/5-80-047), Heptachlor (440/5-80-052), Hexachlorocyclohexane (EPA 440/5-80-054), Silver (EPA 440/5-80-071). The Minimum
  Data Requirements and derivation procedures were different in the 1980 Guidelines than in the 1985 Guidelines. For example, a ``CMC'' derived using the 1980 Guidelines was derived to be used
  as an instantaneous maximum. If assessment is to be done using an averaging period, the values given should be divided by 2 to obtain a value that is more comparable to a CMC derived using
  the 1985 Guidelines.
 AH No criterion for protection of human health from consumption of aquatic organisms excluding water was presented in the 1980 criteria document or in the 1986 Quality Criteria for Water.
  Nevertheless, sufficient information was presented in the 1980 document to allow the calculation of a criterion, even though the results of such a calculation were not shown in the document.
 AI This criterion for asbestos is the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) developed under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA).
 AJ EPA has not calculated human health criterion for this contaminant. However, permit authorities should address this contaminant in NPDES permit actions using the State's existing narrative
  criteria for toxics.
 AK This recommended criterion is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was issued in the 1995 Updates: Water Quality Criteria Documents for the Protection of Aquatic Life in Ambient
  Water, (EPA-820-B-96-011, September 1996). This value was derived using the GLI Guidelines (60 FR 15393-15399, March 23, 1995; 40 CFR 132 Appendix A); the difference between the 1985
  Guidelines and the GLI Guidelines are explained on page iv of the 1995 Updates. None of the decisions concerning the derivation of this criterion were affected by any considerations that are
  specific to the Great Lakes.
 AL The CMC=1/[(f1/CMC1)=(f2/CMC2)] where f1 and f2 are the fractions of total selenium that are treated as selenite and selenate, respectively, and CMC1 and CMC2 are 185.9 g/l and
  12.83 g/l, respectively.
 AM EPA is currently reassessing the criteria for arsenic. Upon completion of the reassessment the Agency will publish revised criteria as appropriate.
 AN PCBs are a class of chemicals which include aroclors, 1242, 1254, 1221, 1232, 1248, 1260, and 1016, CAS numbers 53469219, 11097691, 11104282, 11141165, 12672296, 11096825 and 12674112
  respectively. The aquatic life criteria apply to this set of PCBs.
 AO The derivation of the CCC for this pollutant did not consider exposure through the diet, which is probably important for aquatic life occupying upper trophic levels.
 AP This criterion applies to total pcbs, i.e., the sum of all congener or all isomer analyses.
 AQ This recommended water quality criterion is expressed as g free cyanide (as CN)/L.
 AR This value was announced (61 FR 58444-58449, November 14, 1996) as a proposed GLI 303(c) aquatic life criterion. EPA is currently working on this criterion and so this value might change
  substantially in the near future.
 AS This recommended water quality criterion refers to the inorganic form only.
 AT This recommended water quality criterion is expressed in terms of total recoverable metal in the water column. It is scientifically acceptable to use the conversion factor of 0.922 that
  was used in the GLI to convert this to a value that is expressed in terms of dissolved metal.
 AU The organoleptic effect criterion is more stringent than the value for priority toxic pollutants.

[[Page 67554]]

 
 AV This value was derived from data for heptachlor and the criteria document provides insufficient data to estimate the relative toxicities of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide.
 AW Although EPA has not published a final criteria document for this compound it is EPA's understanding that sufficient data exist to allow calculation of aquatic criteria. It is anticipated
  that industry intends to publish in the peer reviewed literature draft aquatic life criteria generated in accordance with EPA Guidelines. EPA will review such criteria for possible issuance
  as national WQC.
 AX There is a full set of aquatic life toxicity data that show that DEHP is not toxic to aquatic organisms at or below its solubility limit.
 AY This value was derived from data for endosulfan and is most appropriately applied to the sum of alpha-endosulfan and beta-endosulfan.
 AZ A more stringent MCL has been issued by EPA. Refer to drinking water regulations (40 CFR 141) or Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-800-426-4791) for values.
 Aaa This CCC is based on the Final Residue Value procedure in the 1985 Guidelines. Since the publication of the Great Lakes Aquatic Life Criteria Guidelines in 1995 (60FR 15393-15399, March
  23, 1995), the Agency no longer uses the Final Residue Value procedure for deriving CCCs for new or revised 304(a) aquatic life criteria.
 Abb This water quality criterion is based on 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was derived using the 1985 Guidelines (Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for
  the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses, PB85-227049, January 1985) and was issued in one of the following criteria documents: Arsenic (EPA 440/5-84-033), Cadmium (EPA 440/5-84-
  032), Chromium (EPA 440/5-84-029), Copper (EPA 440/5-84-031), Cyanide (EPA 400/5-84-028), Lead (EPA 440/5-84-027), Nickel (EPA 440/5-86-004), Pentachlorophenol (EPA 440/5-86-009), Toxaphene
  (EPA 440/5-86-006), Zinc (EPA 440/5-87-003).
 Acc When the concentration of dissolved organic carbon is elevated, copper is substantially less toxic and use of Water-Effect Ratios might be appropriate.
 Add The selenium criteria document (EPA 440/5-87-006), September 1987) provides that if selenium is as toxic to saltwater fishes in the field as it is to freshwater fishes in the field, the
  status of the fish community should be monitored whenever the concentration of selenium exceeds 5.0 g/L in salt water because the saltwater CCC does not take into account uptake via
  the food chain.
 Aee This recommended water quality criterion was derived on page 43 of the mercury criteria document (EPA 440/5-84-026, January 1985). The saltwater CCC of 0.025 g/L given on page 23
  of the criteria document is based on the Final Residue Value procedure in the 1985 Guidelines. Since the publication of the Great Lakes Aquatic Life Criteria Guidelines in 1995 (60FR15393-
  15399, March 23, 1995), the Agency no longer uses the Final Residue Value procedure for deriving CCCs for new or revised 304(a) aquatic life criteria.
 Aff This recommended water quality criterion was derived in Ambient Water Quality Criteria Saltwater Copper Addendum (Draft, April 14, 1995) and was promulgated in the Interim Final National
  Toxics Rule (60FR22228-222237, May 4, 1995).
 Agg EPA is actively working on this criterion and so this recommended water quality criterion may change substantially in the near future.
 Ahh This recommended water quality criterion was derived from data for inorganic mercury (II), but is applied here to total mercury. If a substantial portion of the mercury in the water
  column is methylmercury, this criterion will probably be under protective. In addition, even though inorganic mercury is converted to methylmercury and methylmercury bioaccumulates to a
  great extent, this criterion does not account for uptake via the food chain because sufficient data were not available when the criteria was derived.


                                                             National Recommended Water Quality Criteria for Non Priority Pollutants
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           Freshwater                               Saltwater                   Human health for consumption of:
                                            ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     Non priority pollutant        CAS No.    CMC  (g/   CCC  (g/   CMC  (g/   CCC  (g/   Water + organism      Organism only           FR cite/source
                                                     L)                  L)                  L)                  L)            (g/L)      (g/L)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1  Alkalinity..................  .........  ..................  20000 F...........  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  Gold Book
 2  Aluminum pH 6.5-9.0.........    7429905  750 G,I...........  87 G,I,L..........  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  53 FR 33178
 3  Ammonia.....................    7664417                                    FRESHWATER CRITERIA ARE pH DEPENDENT--SEE DOCUMENT                                    EPA822-R-98-008
                                                                              SALTWATER CRITERIA ARE pH AND TEMPERATURE DEPENDENT D                                  EPA440/5-88-004
 4  Aesthetic Qualities.........                                                        NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT                                            Gold Book
 5  Bacteria....................  .........                                  FOR PRIMARY RECREATION AND SHELLFISH USES--SEE DOCUMENT                                 Gold Book
 6  Barium......................    7440393  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  1,000 A...........  ..................  Gold Book
 7  Boron.......................  .........                                             NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT                                            Gold Book
 8  Chloride....................   16887006  860000 G..........  230000 G..........  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  53 FR 19028
 9  Chlorine....................    7782505  19................  11................  13................  7.5...............   C................  ..................  Gold Book
10  Chlorophenoxy Herbicide           93721  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  10 A..............  ..................  Gold Book
 2,4,5,-TP.
11  Chlorophenoxy Herbicide 2,4-      94757  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  100 A,C...........  ..................  Gold Book
 D.
12  Chloropyrifos...............    2921882  0.083 G...........  0.041 G...........  0.011 G...........  0.0056 G..........  ..................  ..................  Gold Book
13  Color.......................  .........                                            NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT F                                           Gold Book
14  Demeton.....................    8065483  ..................  0.1 F,H...........  ..................  0.1 F,H...........  ..................  ..................  Gold Book
15  Ether, Bis Chloromethyl.....     542881  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.00013 E.........  0.00078 E.........  IRIS 01/01/91
16  Gases, Total Dissolved......  .........                                            NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT F                                           Gold Book
17  Guthion.....................      86500  ..................  0.01 F,H..........  ..................  0.01 F,H..........  ..................  ..................  Gold Book
18  Hardness....................  .........                                             NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT                                            Gold Book
19  Hexachlorocyclo-hexane-          319868  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0123............  0.0414............  Gold Book
 Technical.
20  Iron........................    7439896  ..................  1000 F............  ..................  ..................  300 A.............  ..................  Gold Book
21  Malathion...................     121755  ..................  0.1 F,H...........  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  Gold Book
22  Manganese...................    7439965  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  50 A..............  100 A.............  Gold Book
23  Methoxychlor................      72435  ..................  0.03 F,H..........  ..................  0.03 F,H..........  100 A,C...........  ..................  Gold Book
24  Mirex.......................    2385855  ..................  0.001 F,H.........  ..................  0.001 F,H.........  ..................  ..................  Gold Book
25  Nitrates....................   14797558  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  10,000 A..........  ..................  Gold Book
26  Nitrosamines................  .........  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0008............  1.24..............  ...........................

[[Page 67555]]

 
27  Dinitrophenols..............   25550587  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  70................  14,000............  Gold Book
28  Nitrosodibutylamine,N.......     924163  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0064 A..........  0.587 A...........  Gold Book
29  Nitrosodiethylamine,N.......      55185  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.0008 A..........  1.24 A............  Gold Book
30  Nitrosopyrrolidine,N........     930552  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.016.............  91.9..............  Gold Book
31  Oil and Grease..............  .........                                            NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT F                                           Gold Book
32  Oxygen, Dissolved...........    7782447                                      WARMWATER AND COLDWATER MATRIX--SEE DOCUMENT O                                      Gold Book
33  Parathion...................      56382  0.065 J...........  0.013 J...........  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  Gold Book
34  Pentachlorobenzene..........     608935  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  3.5 E.............  4.1 E.............  IRIS 03/01/88
35  pH..........................  .........  ..................  6.5-9 F...........  ..................  6.5-8.5 F,K.......  5-9...............  ..................  Gold Book
36  Phosphorus Elemental........    7723140  ..................  ..................  ..................  0.1 F,K...........  ..................  ..................  Gold Book
37  Phosphate Phosphorus........  .........                                             NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT                                            Gold Book
38  Solids Dissolved and          .........  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  250,000 A.........  ..................  Gold Book
 Salinity.
39  Solids Suspended and          .........                                            NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT F                                           Gold Book
 Turbidity.
40  Sulfide-Hydrogen Sulfide....    7783064  ..................  2.0 F,H...........  ..................  2.0 F,H...........  ..................  ..................  Gold Book
41  Tainting Substances.........  .........                                             NARRATIVE STATEMENT--SEE DOCUMENT                                            Gold Book
42  Temperature.................  .........                                        SPECIES DEPENDENT CRITERIA--SEE DOCUMENT M                                        Gold Book
43  Tetrachlorobenzene,1,2,4,5-.      95943  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  2.3 E.............  2.9 E.............  IRIS03/01/91
44  Tributyltin TBT.............  .........  0.46 N............  0.063 N...........  0.37 N............  0.010 N...........  ..................  ..................  62 FR 42554
45  Trichlorophenol,2,4,5-......      95954  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  2,600 B,E.........  9,800 B,E.........  IRIS 03/01/88
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Footnotes:
 AA This human health criterion is the same as originally published in the Red Book which predates the 1980 methodology and did not utilize the fish ingestion BCF approach. This same criterion
  value is now published in the Gold Book
 AB The organoleptic effect criterion is more stringent than the value presented in the non priority pollutants table.
 AC A more stringent Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) has been issued by EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Refer to drinking water regulations 40 CFR 141 or Safe Drinking Water Hotline (1-
  800-426-4791) for values.
 AD According to the procedures described in the Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses, except possibly where
  a very sensitive species is important at a site, freshwater aquatic life should be protected if both conditions specified in Appendix C to the Preamble--Calculation of Freshwater Ammonia
  Criterion are satisfied.
 AE This criterion has been revised to reflect The Environmental Protection Agency's q1* or RfD, as contained in the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) as of April 8, 1998. The fish
  tissue bioconcentration factor (BCF) used to derive the original criterion was retained in each case.
 AF The derivation of this value is presented in the Red Book (EPA 440/9-76-023, July, 1976).
 AG This value is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was derived using the 1985 Guidelines (Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of
  Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses, PB85-227049, January 1985) and was issued in one of the following criteria documents: Aluminum (EPA 440/5-86-008); Chloride (EPA 440/5-88-001);
  Chloropyrifos (EPA 440/5-86-005).
 AH This CCC is based on the Final Residue Value procedure in the 1985 Guidelines. Since the publication of the Great Lakes Aquatic Life Criteria Guidelines in 1995 (60 FR 15393-15399, March
  23, 1995), the Agency no longer uses the Final Residue Value procedure for deriving CCCs for new or revised 304(a) aquatic life criteria.
 AI This value is expressed in terms of total recoverable metal in the water column.
 AJ This value is based on a 304(a) aquatic life criterion that was issued in the 1995 Updates: Water Quality Criteria Documents for the Protection of Aquatic Life in Ambient Water (EPA-820-B-
  96-001). This value was derived using the GLI Guidelines (60 FR 15393-15399, March 23, 1995; 40 CFR 132 Appendix A); the differences between the 1985 Guidelines and the GLI Guidelines are
  explained on page iv of the 1995 Updates. No decision concerning this criterion was affected by any considerations that are specific to the Great Lakes.
 AK According to page 181 of the Red Book: For open ocean waters where the depth is substantially greater than the euphotic zone, the pH should not be changed more than 0.2 units from the
  naturally occurring variation or any case outside the range of 6.5 to 8.5. For shallow, highly productive coastal and estuarine areas where naturally occurring pH variations approach the
  lethal limits of some species, changes in pH should be avoided but in any case should not exceed the limits established for fresh water, i.e., 6.5-9.0.
 AL There are three major reasons why the use of Water-Effect Ratios might be appropriate. (1) The value of 87 g/l is based on a toxicity test with the striped bass in water with
  pH=6.5-6.6 and hardness <10 mg/L. Data in ``Aluminum Water-Effect Ratio for the 3M Plant Effluent Discharge, Middleway, West Virginia'' (May 1994) indicate that aluminum is substantially
  less toxic at higher pH and hardness, but the effects of pH and hardness are not well quantified at this time. (2) In tests with the brook trout at low pH and hardness, effects increased
  with increasing concentrations of total aluminum even though the concentration of dissolved aluminum was constant, indicating that total recoverable is a more appropriate measurement than
  dissolved, at least when particulate aluminum is primarily aluminum hydroxide particles. In surface waters, however, the total recoverable procedure might measure aluminum associated with
  clay particles, which might be less toxic than aluminum associated with aluminum hydroxide. (3) EPA is aware of field data indicating that many high quality waters in the U.S. contain more
  than 87 g aluminum/L, when either total recoverable or dissolved is measured.
 AM U.S. EPA. 1973. Water Quality Criteria 1972. EPA-R3-73-033. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA.; U.S. EPA. 1977. Temperature Criteria for Freshwater Fish: Protocol and
  Procedures. EPA-600/3-77-061. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA.
 AN This value was announced (62 FR 42554, August 7, 1997) as a proposed 304(a) aquatic life criterion. Although EPA has not responded to public comment, EPA is publishing this as a 304(a)
  criterion in today's notice as guidance for States and Tribes to consider when adopting water quality criteria.
 AO U.S. EPA. 1986. Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Dissolved Oxygen. EPA 440/5-86-003. National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA.


[[Page 67556]]


                      National Recommended Water Quality Criteria for Organoleptic Effects
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Organoleptic
                                                                 effect
                 Pollutant                       CAS No.        criteria                FR cite/source
                                                             (g/L)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1  Acenaphthene............................          208968           20     Gold Book
2  Monochlorobenzene.......................          108907           20     Gold Book
3  3-Chlorophenol..........................  ..............            0.1   Gold Book
4  4-Chlorophenol..........................          106489            0.1   Gold Book
5  2,3-Dichlorophenol......................  ..............            0.04  Gold Book
6  2,5-Dichlorophenol......................  ..............            0.5   Gold Book
7  2,6-Dichlorophenol......................  ..............            0.2   Gold Book
8  3,4-Dichlorophenol......................  ..............            0.3   Gold Book
9  2,4,5-Trichlorophenol...................           95954            1     Gold Book
10  2,4,6-Trichlorophenol..................           88062            2     Gold Book
11  2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol..............  ..............            1     Gold Book
12  2-Methyl-4-Chlorophenol................  ..............         1800     Gold Book
13  3-Methyl-4-Chlorophenol................           59507         3000     Gold Book
14  3-Methyl-6-Chlorophenol................  ..............           20     Gold Book
15  2-Chlorophenol.........................           95578            0.1   Gold Book
16  Copper.................................          744058         1000     Gold Book
17  2,4-Dichlorophenol.....................          120832            0.3   Gold Book
18  2,4-Dimethylphenol.....................          105679          400     Gold Book
19  Hexachlorocyclopentadiene..............           77474            1     Gold Book
20  Nitrobenzene...........................           98953           30     Gold Book
21  Pentachlorophenol......................           87865           30     Gold Book
22  Phenol.................................          108952          300     Gold Book
23  Zinc...................................         7440666         5000     45 FR 79341
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
General Notes:
1. These criteria are based on organoleptic (taste and odor) effects. Because of variations in chemical
  nomenclature systems, this listing of pollutants does not duplicate the listing in Appendix A of 40 CFR Part
  423. Also listed are the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry numbers, which provide a unique
  identification for each chemical.

National Recommended Water Quality Criteria

Additional Notes

1. Criteria Maximum Concentration and Criterion Continuous 
Concentration

    The Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC) is an estimate of the 
highest concentration of a material in surface water to which an 
aquatic community can be exposed briefly without resulting in an 
unacceptable effect. The Criterion Continuous Concentration (CCC) is 
an estimate of the highest concentration of a material in surface 
water to which an aquatic community can be exposed indefinitely 
without resulting in an unacceptable effect. The CMC and CCC are 
just two of the six parts of a aquatic life criterion; the other 
four parts are the acute averaging period, chronic averaging period, 
acute frequency of allowed exceedence, and chronic frequency of 
allowed exceedence. Because 304(a) aquatic life criteria are 
national guidance, they are intended to be protective of the vast 
majority of the aquatic communities in the United States.

2. Criteria Recommendations for Priority Pollutants, Non Priority 
Pollutants and Organoleptic Effects

    This compilation lists all priority toxic pollutants and some 
non priority toxic pollutants, and both human health effect and 
organoleptic effect criteria issued pursuant to CWA Sec. 304(a). 
Blank spaces indicate that EPA has no CWA Sec. 304(a) criteria 
recommendations. For a number of non-priority toxic pollutants not 
listed, CWA Sec. 304(a) ``water + organism'' human health criteria 
are not available, but, EPA has published MCLs under the SDWA that 
may be used in establishing water quality standards to protect water 
supply designated uses. Because of variations in chemical 
nomenclature systems, this listing of toxic pollutants does not 
duplicate the listing in Appendix A of 40 CFR Part 423. Also listed 
are the Chemical Abstracts Service CAS registry numbers, which 
provide a unique identification for each chemical.

3. Human Health Risk

    The human health criteria for the priority and non priority 
pollutants are based on carcinogenicity of 10-6 risk. 
Alternate risk levels may be obtained by moving the decimal point 
(e.g., for a risk level of 10-5, move the decimal point in the 
recommended criterion one place to the right).

4. Water Quality Criteria Published Pursuant to Section 304(a) or 
Section 303(c) of the CWA

    Many of the values in the compilation were published in the 
proposed California Toxics Rule (CTR, 62 FR 42160). Although such 
values were published pursuant to Section 303(c) of the CWA, they 
represent the Agency's most recent calculation of water quality 
criteria and thus are published today as the Agency's 304(a) 
criteria. Water quality criteria published in the proposed CTR may 
be revised when EPA takes final action on the CTR.

5. Calculation of Dissolved Metals Criteria

    The 304(a) criteria for metals, shown as dissolved metals, are 
calculated in one of two ways. For freshwater metals criteria that 
are hardness-dependent, the dissolved metal criteria were calculated 
using a hardness of 100 mg/l as CaCO3 for illustrative 
purposes only. Saltwater and freshwater metals' criteria that are 
not hardness-dependent are calculated by multiplying the total 
recoverable criteria before rounding by the appropriate conversion 
factors. The final dissolved metals' criteria in the table are 
rounded to two significant figures. Information regarding the 
calculation of hardness dependent conversion factors are included in 
the footnotes.

6. Correction of Chemical Abstract Services Number

    The Chemical Abstract Services number (CAS) for Bis(2-
Chloroisopropyl) Ether, has been corrected in the table. The correct 
CAS number for this chemical is 39638-32-9. Previous publications 
listed 108-60-1 as the CAS number for this chemical.

[[Page 67557]]

7. Maximum Contaminant Levels

    The compilation includes footnotes for pollutants with Maximum 
Contaminant Levels (MCLs) more stringent than the recommended water 
quality criteria in the compilation. MCLs for these pollutants are 
not included in the compilation, but can be found in the appropriate 
drinking water regulations (40 CFR 141.11-16 and 141.60-63), or can 
be accessed through the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791) 
or the Internet (http://www.epa.gov/ost/tools/dwstds-s.html).

8. Organoleptic Effects

    The compilation contains 304(a) criteria for pollutants with 
toxicity-based criteria as well as non-toxicity based criteria. The 
basis for the non-toxicity based criteria are organoleptic effects 
(e.g., taste and odor) which would make water and edible aquatic 
life unpalatable but not toxic to humans. The table includes 
criteria for organoleptic effects for 23 pollutants. Pollutants with 
organoleptic effect criteria more stringent than the criteria based 
on toxicity (e.g., included in both the priority and non-priority 
pollutant tables) are footnoted as such.

9. Category Criteria

    In the 1980 criteria documents, certain recommended water 
quality criteria were published for categories of pollutants rather 
than for individual pollutants within that category. Subsequently, 
in a series of separate actions, the Agency derived criteria for 
specific pollutants within a category. Therefore, in this 
compilation EPA is replacing criteria representing categories with 
individual pollutant criteria (e.g., 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-
dichlorobenzene and 1,2-dichlorobenzene).

10. Specific Chemical Calculations

A. Selenium

(1) Human Health

    In the 1980 Selenium document, a criterion for the protection of 
human health from consumption of water and organisms was calculated 
based on a BCF of 6.0 L/kg and a maximum water-related contribution 
of 35 g Se/day. Subsequently, the EPA Office of Health and 
Environmental Assessment issued an errata notice (February 23, 
1982), revising the BCF for selenium to 4.8 L/kg. In 1988, EPA 
issued an addendum (ECAO-CIN-668) revising the human health criteria 
for selenium. Later in the final National Toxic Rule (NTR, 57 FR 
60848), EPA withdrew previously published selenium human health 
criteria, pending Agency review of new epidemiological data.
    This compilation includes human health criteria for selenium, 
calculated using a BCF of 4.8 L/kg along with the current IRIS RfD 
of 0.005 mg/kg/day. EPA included these recommended water quality 
criteria in the compilation because the data necessary for 
calculating a criteria in accordance with EPA's 1980 human health 
methodology are available.

(2) Aquatic Life

    This compilation contains aquatic life criteria for selenium 
that are the same as those published in the proposed CTR. In the 
CTR, EPA proposed an acute criterion for selenium based on the 
criterion proposed for selenium in the Water Quality Guidance for 
the Great Lakes System (61 FR 58444). The GLI and CTR proposals take 
into account data showing that selenium's two most prevalent 
oxidation states, selenite and selenate, present differing 
potentials for aquatic toxicity, as well as new data indicating that 
various forms of selenium are additive. The new approach produces a 
different selenium acute criterion concentration, or CMC, depending 
upon the relative proportions of selenite, selenate, and other forms 
of selenium that are present.
    EPA notes it is currently undertaking a reassessment of 
selenium, and expects the 304(a) criteria for selenium will be 
revised based on the final reassessment (63 FR 26186). However, 
until such time as revised water quality criteria for selenium are 
published by the Agency, the recommended water quality criteria in 
this compilation are EPA's current 304(a) criteria.

B. 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene and Zinc

    Human health criteria for 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and zinc have 
not been previously published. Sufficient information is now 
available for calculating water quality criteria for the protection 
of human health from the consumption of aquatic organisms and the 
consumption of aquatic organisms and water for both these compounds. 
Therefore, EPA is publishing criteria for these pollutants in this 
compilation.

C. Chromium (III)

    The recommended aquatic life water quality criteria for chromium 
(III) included in the compilation are based on the values presented 
in the document titled: 1995 Updates: Water Quality Criteria 
Documents for the Protection of Aquatic Life in Ambient Water, 
however, this document contains criteria based on the total 
recoverable fraction. The chromium (III) criteria in this 
compilation were calculated by applying the conversion factors used 
in the Final Water Quality Guidance for the Great Lakes System (60 
FR 15366) to the 1995 Update document values.

D. Ether, Bis (Chloromethyl), Pentachlorobenzene, 
Tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,4,5- Trichlorophenol

    Human health criteria for these pollutants were last published 
in EPA's Quality Criteria for Water 1986 or ``Gold Book''. Some of 
these criteria were calculated using Acceptable Daily Intake (ADIs) 
rather than RfDs. Updated q1*s and RfDs are now available in IRIS 
for ether, bis (chloromethyl), pentachlorobenzene, 
tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,4,5-, and trichlorophenol, and were used to 
revise the water quality criteria for these compounds. The 
recommended water quality criteria for ether, bis (chloromethyl) 
were revised using an updated q1*, while criteria for 
pentachlorobenzene, and tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,4,5-, and 
trichlorophenol were derived using an updated RfD value.

E. PCBs

    In this compilation EPA is publishing aquatic life and human 
health criteria based on total PCBs rather than individual 
arochlors. These criteria replace the previous criteria for the 
seven individual arochlors. Thus, there are criteria for a total of 
102 of the 126 priority pollutants.

    Dated: October 26, 1998.
J. Charles Fox,
Assistant Administrator, Office of Water.

[[Page 67558]]

Appendix A--Conversion Factors for Dissolved Metals

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                    Conversion      Conversion
             Metal                  Conversion factor        Conversion factor        factor          factor
                                      freshwater CMC          freshwater CCC       saltwater CMC   saltwater CCC
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arsenic........................  1.000..................  1.000.................           1.000           1.000
Cadmium........................  1.138672-[(ln hardness)  1.101672-[(ln                    0.994           0.994
                                  (0.041838)]              hardness) (0.041838)]
Chromium III...................  0.316..................  0.860
Chromium VI....................  0.982..................  0.962.................           0.993           0.993
Copper.........................  0.960..................  0.960.................           0.83            0.83
Lead...........................  1.46203-[(ln hardness)   1.46203-[(ln hardness)           0.951           0.951
                                  (0.145712)]              (0.145712)]
Mercury........................  0.85...................  0.85..................           0.85            0.85
Nickel.........................  0.998..................  0.997.................           0.990           0.990
Selenium.......................  .......................  ......................           0.998           0.998
Silver.........................  0.85...................  ......................           0.85
Zinc...........................  0.978..................  0.986.................           0.946           0.946
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Appendix B--Parameters for Calculating Freshwater Dissolved Metals 
Criteria That Are Hardness-Dependent

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                            Freshwater conversion factors (CF)
                Chemical                       mA            bA            mC            bC      -------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                             Acute                      Chronic
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium.................................        1.128        -3.6867        0.7852       -2.715   1.136672-[ln                1.101672-[ln
                                                                                                   (hardness)(0.041838)]       (hardness)(0.041838)]
Chromium III............................        0.8190        3.7256        0.8190        0.6848  0.316.....................  0.860
Copper..................................        0.9422       -1.700         0.8545       -1.702   0.960.....................  0.960
Lead....................................        1.273        -1.460         1.273        -4.705   1.46203-[ln                 1.46203-[ln
                                                                                                   (hardness)(0.145712)]       (hardness)(0.145712)]
Nickel..................................        0.8460        2.255         0.8460        0.0584  0.998.....................  0.997
Silver..................................        1.72         -6.52    ............  ............  0.85
Zinc....................................        0.8473        0.884         0.8473        0.884   0.978.....................  0.986
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Appendix C--Calculation of Freshwater Ammonia Criterion

    1. The one-hour average concentration of total ammonia nitrogen 
(in mg N/L) does not exceed, more than once every three years on the 
average, the CMC calculated using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN07DE98.000

    In situations where salmonids do not occur, the CMC may be 
calculated using the following equation:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN07DE98.001

    2. The thirty-day average concentration of total ammonia 
nitrogen (in mg N/L) does not exceed, more than once every three 
years on the average, the CCC calculated using the following 
equation:

[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN07DE98.002

[FR Doc. 98-30272 Filed 12-4-98; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P