[Federal Register Volume 63, Number 171 (Thursday, September 3, 1998)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 46927-46932]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 98-23741]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. 98-NM-200-AD]
RIN 2120-AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Lockheed Model L-1011-385 Series
Airplanes
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration, DOT.
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).
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SUMMARY: This document proposes the adoption of a new airworthiness
directive (AD) that is applicable to all Lockheed Model L-1011-385
series airplanes. Among other things, this proposal would require
repetitive leak tests of the lavatory drain systems and repair, if
necessary; installation of a lever lock cap, vacuum breaker check valve
or flush/fill line ball valve on the flush/fill line; periodic seal
changes; and replacement of ``donut'' type waste drain valves installed
in the waste drain system. This proposal is prompted by continuing
reports of damage to engines, airframes, and to property on the ground,
caused by ``blue ice'' that forms from leaking lavatory drain systems
on transport category airplanes and subsequently dislodges from the
airplane fuselage. The actions specified by this proposed AD are
intended to prevent such damage associated with the problems of ``blue
ice.''
DATES: Comments must be received by October 19, 1998.
ADDRESSES: Submit comments in triplicate to the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), Transport Airplane Directorate, ANM-114,
Attention: Rules Docket No. 98-NM-
[[Page 46928]]
200-AD, 1601 Lind Avenue, SW., Renton, Washington 98055-4056. Comments
may be inspected at this location between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m.,
Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
This information may be examined at the FAA, Transport Airplane
Directorate, 1601 Lind Avenue, SW., Renton, Washington; or at the FAA,
Small Airplane Directorate, Atlanta Aircraft Certification Office, One
Crown Center, 1895 Phoenix Boulevard, suite 450, Atlanta, Georgia.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Thomas Peters, Program Manager,
Systems and Flight Test Branch, ACE-116A, FAA, Small Airplane
Directorate, Atlanta Aircraft Certification Office, One Crown Center,
1895 Phoenix Boulevard, suite 450, Atlanta, Georgia 30337-2748;
telephone (770) 703-6063; fax (770) 703-6097.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Comments Invited
Interested persons are invited to participate in the making of the
proposed rule by submitting such written data, views, or arguments as
they may desire. Communications shall identify the Rules Docket number
and be submitted in triplicate to the address specified above. All
communications received on or before the closing date for comments,
specified above, will be considered before taking action on the
proposed rule. The proposals contained in this notice may be changed in
light of the comments received.
Comments are specifically invited on the overall regulatory,
economic, environmental, and energy aspects of the proposed rule. All
comments submitted will be available, both before and after the closing
date for comments, in the Rules Docket for examination by interested
persons. A report summarizing each FAA-public contact concerned with
the substance of this proposal will be filed in the Rules Docket.
Commenters wishing the FAA to acknowledge receipt of their comments
submitted in response to this notice must submit a self-addressed,
stamped postcard on which the following statement is made: ``Comments
to Docket Number 98-NM-200-AD.'' The postcard will be date stamped and
returned to the commenter.
Availability of NPRMs
Any person may obtain a copy of this NPRM by submitting a request
to the FAA, Transport Airplane Directorate, ANM-114, Attention: Rules
Docket No. 98-NM-200-AD, 1601 Lind Avenue, SW., Renton, Washington
98055-4056.
Discussion
Over the past several years, the FAA has received numerous reports
of leakage from the lavatory service systems on in-service transport
category airplanes that resulted in the formation of ``blue ice'' on
the fuselage. In some instances, the ``blue ice'' subsequently
dislodged from the fuselage and was ingested into an engine. In several
of these incidents, the ingestion of ``blue ice'' into an engine
resulted in the loss of an engine fan blade, severe engine damage, and
the in-flight shutdown of the engine. In two cases, the loads created
by the ``blue ice'' being ingested into the engine resulted in the
engine being physically torn from the airplane. Damage to an engine, or
the separation of an engine from the airplane, could result in reduced
controllability of the airplane.
The FAA also has received reports of at least three incidents of
damage to the airframes of various models of transport category
airplanes that was caused by foreign objects that dislodged from the
forward toilet drain valve and flush/fill line. One report was of a
dent on the leading edge of the right horizontal stabilizer on a Boeing
Model 737 series airplane that was caused by ``blue ice'' that had
formed from leakage through a flush/fill line; in this case, the flush/
fill cap was missing from the line at the forward service panel.
Numerous operators have stated that leakage from the flush/fill line is
a significant source of problems associated with ``blue ice.'' Such
damage caused by ``blue ice'' could adversely affect the integrity of
the fuselage skin or surface structures.
Additionally, there have been numerous reports of ``blue ice''
dislodging from airplanes and striking houses, cars, buildings, and
other occupied areas on the ground. Although there have been no reports
of any person being struck by ``blue ice,'' the FAA considers that the
large number of reported cases of ``blue ice'' falling from lavatory
drain systems is sufficient to support the conclusion that ``blue ice''
presents an unsafe condition to people on the ground. Demographic
studies have shown that population density has increased around
airports, and probably will continue to increase. These are populations
that are at greatest risk of damage and injury due to ``blue ice''
dislodging from an airplane during descent. Without actions to ensure
that leaks from the lavatory drain systems are detected and corrected
in a timely manner, ``blue ice'' incidents could go unchecked and
eventually someone may be struck, perhaps fatally, by falling ``blue
ice.''
Current Rules
In response to these incidents, the FAA has issued several AD's
applicable to various transport category airplanes, and is currently
considering additional rulemaking to address the problems associated
with ``blue ice'' on other transport category airplanes.
Discussion of the Proposed Rule
Since an unsafe condition has been identified that is likely to
exist or develop on other products of this same type design, the FAA is
proposing this AD, which would require the following actions:
Paragraph (a) of the proposed AD would require periodic replacement
of the valve seals of each lavatory drain system with new valve seals.
This paragraph also would require repetitive leak tests of the lavatory
dump valve and drain valve (either service panel or in-line drain
valve). The leak test of panel valves would be required to be performed
with a minimum of 3 pounds per square inch differential pressure (PSID)
applied across the valve. Paragraph (b) would require that, if any leak
is discovered, operators would be required either to repair the leak
and retest for leaks, or drain the lavatory system and placard it
inoperative until repairs can be made.
In cases where the panel valve has both an inner seal and an outer
cap seal, a visual inspection would be required for damage or wear of
the outer cap seal and seal surface. Any damaged parts detected would
be required to be repaired or replaced prior to further flight, or the
lavatory drained and placarded inoperative until repairs can be made.
Paragraph (a) of the proposed AD also would require replacement of
all ``donut'' type drain system valves with another type of FAA-
approved valve.
Additionally, the flush/fill line anti-siphon valve would be
required to be leak checked. Seals of the anti-siphon (check) valve,
flush/fill line cap, or flush/fill line ball valve would be required to
be replaced periodically.
Paragraph (c) of the proposed AD would require that all operators
install a lever lock cap on the flush/fill lines for all service
panels, a flush/fill ball valve, Kaiser Electroprecision part number
(P/N) series 0062-0009, on the flush/fill lines for all lavatories; or
a vacuum break, Monogram P/N series 3765-190 or Shaw Aero Devices P/N
series 301-0009-01, in the flush/fill lines for all lavatories.
Paragraph (d) of the proposed AD would require that, before an
operator places an airplane into service, a
[[Page 46929]]
schedule for accomplishment of the leak tests required by this AD shall
be established. This provision is intended to ensure that transferred
airplanes are inspected in accordance with the AD on the same basis as
if there were continuity in ownership, and that scheduling of the leak
tests for each airplane is not delayed or postponed due to a transfer
of ownership. Airplanes that have previously been subject to the AD
would have to be checked in accordance with either the previous
operator's or the new operator's schedule, whichever would result in
the earlier accomplishment date for that leak test. Other airplanes
would have to be inspected before an operator could begin operating
them, or in accordance with a schedule approved by the FAA Principal
Maintenance Inspector (PMI), but within a period not to exceed 200
flight hours.
Economic Impact
There are approximately 235 Model L-1011-385 series airplanes of
the affected design in the worldwide fleet. The FAA estimates that 117
airplanes of U.S. registry would be affected by this proposed AD.
The proposed leak test of the waste drain system and outer cap
inspection would take approximately 6 work hours per airplane to
accomplish, at an average labor rate of $60 per work hour. Based on
these figures, the cost impact on U.S. operators of the leak test of
the waste drain system and outer cap inspection is estimated to be
$42,120, or $360 per airplane, per test/inspection.
Certain airplanes (i.e., those that have ``donut'' type drain
valves installed) may be required to be leak tested as many as 15 times
each year. Certain other airplanes having other valve configurations
would be required to be leak tested as few as one time each year. Based
on these figures, the annual (recurring) cost impact of the required
repetitive leak tests on U.S. operators is estimated to be between $360
and $5,400 per airplane, per year.
With regard to replacement of ``donut'' type drain valves, the cost
of a new valve is approximately $1,200. However, the number of leak
tests for an airplane that is flown an average of 3,000 flight hours a
year is thereby reduced from 15 tests to 3 tests. The cost reduction
because of the number of tests required is approximately equal to the
cost of the replacement valve. Therefore, no additional cost would be
incurred.
The FAA estimates that it would take approximately 1 work hour per
airplane lavatory drain to accomplish a visual inspection of the
service panel drain valve cap/door seal and seal mating surfaces, at an
average labor rate of $60 per work hour. As with leak tests, certain
airplanes would be required to be visually inspected as many as 15
times or as few as 3 times each year. Based on these figures, the
annual (recurring) cost impact of the proposed repetitive visual
inspections on U.S. operators is estimated to be between $180 and $900
per airplane, per year.
The proposed installation of the flush/fill line cap would take
approximately 1 work hour per cap to accomplish, at an average labor
rate of $60 per work hour. The cost of required parts would be $275 per
cap. There are an average of 2 caps per airplane. Based on these
figures, the cost impact on U.S. operators of these proposed
requirements of this AD is estimated to be $78,390, or $670 per
airplane, per replacement cycle.
The seal replacements of the drain valves required by paragraph (a)
of this AD would require approximately 2 work hours to accomplish, at
an average labor cost of $60 per hour. The cost of required parts would
be $200 per each seal change. Based on these figures, the cost impact
on U.S. operators of these proposed requirements of this AD is
estimated to be $37,440, or approximately $320 per airplane, per
replacement cycle.
The number of required work hours, as indicated above, is presented
as if the accomplishment of the actions proposed in this AD were to be
conducted as ``stand alone'' actions. However, in actual practice,
these actions could be accomplished coincidentally or in combination
with normally scheduled airplane inspections and other maintenance
program tasks. Therefore, the actual number of necessary ``additional''
work hours would be minimal in many instances. Additionally, any costs
associated with special airplane scheduling should be minimal.
The cost impact figures discussed above are based on assumptions
that no operator has yet accomplished any of the current or proposed
requirements of this AD action, and that no operator would accomplish
those actions in the future if this AD were not adopted.
The FAA recognizes that the obligation to maintain aircraft in an
airworthy condition is vital, but sometimes expensive. Because AD's
require specific actions to address specific unsafe conditions, they
appear to impose costs that would not otherwise be borne by operators.
However, because of the general obligation of operators to maintain
aircraft in an airworthy condition, this appearance is deceptive.
Attributing those costs solely to the issuance of this proposed AD is
unrealistic because, in the interest of maintaining safe aircraft,
prudent operators would accomplish the required actions even if they
were not required to do so by the proposed AD.
A full cost-benefit analysis has not been accomplished for this
proposed AD. As a matter of law, in order to be airworthy, an aircraft
must conform to its type design and be in a condition for safe
operation. The type design is approved only after the FAA makes a
determination that it complies with all applicable airworthiness
requirements. In adopting and maintaining those requirements, the FAA
has already made the determination that they establish a level of
safety that is cost-beneficial. When the FAA, as in this proposed AD,
makes a finding of an unsafe condition, this means that the original
cost-beneficial level of safety is no longer being achieved and that
the required actions are necessary to restore that level of safety.
Because this level of safety has already been determined to be cost-
beneficial, a full cost-benefit analysis for this proposed AD would be
redundant and unnecessary.
Regulatory Impact
The regulations proposed herein would not have substantial direct
effects on the States, on the relationship between the national
government and the States, or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various levels of government. Therefore, in
accordance with Executive Order 12612, it is determined that this
proposal would not have sufficient federalism implications to warrant
the preparation of a Federalism Assessment.
For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this proposed
regulation (1) is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under
Executive Order 12866; (2) is not a ``significant rule'' under the DOT
Regulatory Policies and Procedures (44 FR 11034, February 26, 1979);
and (3) if promulgated, will not have a significant economic impact,
positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under
the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. A copy of the draft
regulatory evaluation prepared for this action is contained in the
Rules Docket. A copy of it may be obtained by contacting the Rules
Docket at the location provided under the caption ADDRESSES.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Safety.
[[Page 46930]]
The Proposed Amendment
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the Federal Aviation Administration proposes to amend
part 39 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 CFR part 39) as
follows:
PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
Sec. 39.13 [Amended]
2. Section 39.13 is amended by adding the following new
airworthiness directive:
Lockheed: Docket 98-NM-200-AD.
Applicability: All Model L-1011-385-1, L-1011-385-3, L-1011-385-
1-14, and L-1011-385-1-15 series airplanes, certificated in any
category.
Note 1: This AD applies to each airplane identified in the
preceding applicability provision, regardless of whether it has been
modified, altered, or repaired in the area subject to the
requirements of this AD. For airplanes that have been modified,
altered, or repaired so that the performance of the requirements of
this AD is affected, the owner/operator must request approval for an
alternative method of compliance in accordance with paragraph (e) of
this AD. The request should include an assessment of the effect of
the modification, alteration, or repair on the unsafe condition
addressed by this AD; and, if the unsafe condition has not been
eliminated, the request should include specific proposed actions to
address it.
Compliance: Required as indicated, unless accomplished
previously.
To prevent engine damage, airframe damage, and/or hazard to
persons or property on the ground as a result of ``blue ice'' that
has formed from leakage of the lavatory drain system or flush/fill
systems and dislodged from the airplane, accomplish the following:
(a) Accomplish the applicable requirements of paragraphs (a)(1)
through (a)(9) of this AD at the time specified in each paragraph.
For the waste drain system of any lavatory that incorporates more
than one type of valve, only one of the leak tests waste drain
system procedures (the one that applies to the equipment with the
longest leak test interval) must be conducted at each service panel
location. The leak tests of the waste drain system valve specified
in this AD shall be performed in accordance with the following
requirements: Fluid shall completely cover the upstream end of the
valve being tested; the direction of the 3 pounds per square inch
differential pressure (PSID) shall be applied across the valve in
the same direction as occurs in flight; the other waste drain system
valves shall be open; and the minimum time to maintain the
differential pressure shall be 5 minutes. Any revision of the seal
change intervals or leak test intervals must be approved by the
Manager, Atlanta Certification Office (ACO), FAA, Small Airplane
Directorate.
Note 2: Inclusion of a valve in this AD does not mean that the
valve has been certified for installation in Lockheed Model L-1011
series airplanes. Certification of the valve for installation in the
airplane must be accomplished by means acceptable to the FAA, if the
valve has not been previously certified.
(1) Replace the valve seals with new valve seals in accordance
with the applicable schedule specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(i),
(a)(1)(ii), (a)(1)(iii), and (a)(1)(iv) of this AD.
(i) For each lavatory drain system that has a Kaiser
Electroprecision in-line drain valve installed, part number (P/N)
series 2651-278: Replace the seals within 5,000 flight hours after
the effective date of this AD, or within 48 months after the last
documented seal change, whichever occurs later. Thereafter, replace
the seals at intervals not to exceed 48 months.
(ii) For each lavatory drain system that has a Pneudraulics P/N
series 9527 valve: Replace the seals within 5,000 flight hours after
the effective date of this AD, or within 18 months of the last
documented seal change, whichever occurs later. Thereafter, replace
the seals at intervals not to exceed 18 months or 6,000 flight
hours, whichever occurs later.
(iii) For each lavatory drain system that has an Eaton service
drain valve, P/N series 72435: Replace the seals within 5,000 flight
hours after the effective date of this AD, or within 18 months of
the last documented seal change, whichever occurs later. Thereafter,
replace the seals at intervals not to exceed 18 months.
(iv) For each lavatory drain system that has any other type of
drain valve: Replace the seals within 5,000 flight hours after the
effective date of this AD, or within 18 months after the last
documented seal change, whichever occurs later. Thereafter, replace
the seals at intervals not to exceed 18 months.
(2) For each lavatory drain system that has an in-line drain
valve installed, Kaiser Electroprecision P/N series 2651-278: Within
4,500 flight hours after the effective date of this AD, and
thereafter at intervals not to exceed 4,500 flight hours, accomplish
the procedures specified in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (a)(2)(ii) of
this AD.
(i) Conduct a leak test of the toilet tank dump valve (in-tank
valve that is spring loaded closed and operable by a T-handle at the
service panel) and the in-line drain valve. The leak test of the
toilet tank dump valve must be performed by filling the toilet tank
with a minimum of 10 gallons of water/rinsing fluid and testing for
leakage after a period of 5 minutes. Take precautions to avoid
overfilling the tank and spilling fluid into the airplane. The leak
test of the in-line drain valve must be performed with a minimum of
3 PSID applied across the valve.
(ii) If a service panel valve or cap is installed, perform a
visual inspection to detect wear or damage that may allow leakage of
the service panel drain valve outer cap/door seal and the inner seal
(if the valve has an inner door with a second positive seal), and
the seal mating surfaces.
(3) For each lavatory drain system that has an Eaton service
drain valve, P/N series 72435: Within 1,000 flight hours after the
effective date of this AD, and thereafter at intervals not to exceed
1,000 flight hours, accomplish the procedures specified in
paragraphs (a)(3)(i) and (a)(3)(ii) of this AD.
(i) Conduct a leak test of the toilet tank dump valve (in-tank
valve operable by a lever at the service panel) and the in-line
drain valve. The leak test of the toilet tank dump valve must be
performed by filling the toilet tank with a minimum of 10 gallons of
water/rinsing fluid and testing for leakage after a period of 5
minutes. Take precautions to avoid overfilling the tank and spilling
fluid into the airplane. The leak test of the in-line drain valve
must be performed with a minimum of 3 PSID applied across the valve.
(ii) If a service panel valve or cap is installed, perform a
visual inspection of the service panel drain valve outer cap/door
seal and the inner seal (if the valve has an inner door with a
second positive seal), and the seal mating surfaces for wear or
damage that may allow leakage.
(4) For each lavatory drain system that has a service panel
drain valve installed, Pneudraulics P/N series 9527: Within 2,000
flight hours after the effective date of this AD, accomplish the
requirements of paragraphs (a)(4)(i) and (a)(4)(ii) of this AD.
Thereafter, repeat the leak tests at intervals not to exceed 2,000
flight hours.
(i) Conduct leak tests of the toilet tank dump valve and service
panel drain valve. The leak test of the toilet tank dump valve must
be performed by filling the toilet tank with a minimum of 10 gallons
of water/rinsing fluid and testing for leakage after a period of 5
minutes. Take precautions to avoid overfilling the tank and spilling
fluid into the airplane. The leak test of the service panel drain
valve must be performed with a minimum of 3 PSID applied across the
valve inner door/closure device.
(ii) Perform a visual inspection of the outer cap/door and seal
mating surface for wear or damage that may cause leakage.
(5) For each lavatory drain system that has a service panel
drain valve installed, Kaiser Electroprecision P/N series 0218-0032
or 2651-357, or Shaw Aero P/N's and serial numbers as listed in
Table 1 of this AD: Within 1,000 flight hours after the effective
date of this AD, and thereafter at intervals not to exceed 1,000
flight hours, accomplish the requirements of paragraphs (a)(5)(i)
and (a)(5)(ii) of this AD.
[[Page 46931]]
Table 1.--Shaw Aero Valves Approved for 1,000 Flight Hours Leak Test
Interval
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Shaw waste drain valve part Serial numbers of P/N valve approved for
number 1,000-hour leak test interval
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331 Series, 332 Series....... All.
10101000B-A.................. None.
10101000B-A-1................ 0207-0212, 0219, 0226 and higher.
10101000BA2.................. 0130 and higher.
10101000C-A-1................ 0277 and higher.
10101000C-J.................. None.
10101000C-J-2................ None.
10101000CN or C-N............ 3649 and higher.
Certain 10101000B valves..... Any of these ``B'' series valves that
incorporate the improvements of Shaw
Service Bulletin 10101000B-38-1, dated
October 7, 1994, and are marked ``SBB38-
1-58''.
Certain 10101000C valves..... Any of these ``C'' series valves that
incorporate the improvements of Shaw
Service Bulletin 10101000C-38-2 dated
October 7, 1994, and are marked ``SBC38-
2-58''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
(i) Conduct a leak test of the toilet tank dump valve and
service panel drain valve. The leak test of the toilet tank dump
valve must be performed by filling the toilet tank with a minimum of
10 gallons of water/rinsing fluid and testing for leakage after a
period of 5 minutes. Take precautions to avoid overfilling the tank
and spilling fluid into the airplane. The leak test of the service
panel drain valve must be performed with a minimum of 3 PSID applied
across the valve inner door/closure device.
(ii) Perform a visual inspection of the outer cap/door and seal
mating surface for wear or damage that may cause leakage.
(6) For each lavatory drain system that has a service panel
drain valve installed, Kaiser Electroprecision P/N series 0218-0026
or Shaw Aero Devices P/N series 10101000B or 10101000C [except as
specified in paragraph (a)(5) of this AD]: Within 600 flight hours
after the effective date of this AD, and thereafter at intervals not
to exceed 600 flight hours, accomplish the procedures specified in
paragraphs (a)(6)(i) and (a)(6)(ii) of this AD.
(i) Conduct a leak test of the toilet tank dump valve and the
service panel drain valve. The leak test of the toilet tank dump
valve must be performed by filling the toilet tank with a minimum of
10 gallons of water/rinsing fluid and testing for leakage after a
period of 5 minutes. Take precautions to avoid overfilling the tank
and spilling fluid into the airplane. The leak test of the service
panel drain valve must be performed with a minimum of 3 PSID applied
across the valve inner door/closure device.
(ii) Perform a visual inspection of the outer cap/door and seal
mating surface for wear or damage that may cause leakage.
(7) For each lavatory drain system with a lavatory drain system
valve that incorporates ``donut'' plug, Kaiser Electroprecision P/N
4259-20 or 4259-31; Kaiser Roylyn/Kaiser Electroprecision cap/flange
P/N 2651-194C, 2651-197C, 2651-216, 2651-219, 2651-235, 2651-256,
2651-258, 2651-259, 2651-260, 2651-275, 2651-282, or 2651-286; Shaw
Aero Devices assembly P/N 0008-100; or other FAA-approved equivalent
parts; accomplish the requirements of paragraphs (a)(7)(i),
(a)(7)(ii), and (a)(7)(iii) of this AD at the times specified in
those paragraphs. For the purposes of this paragraph [(a)(7)],
``FAA-approved equivalent part'' means either a ``donut'' plug which
mates with the cap/flange P/N's listed above, or a cap/flange which
mates with the ``donut'' plug P/N's listed above, such that the cap/
flange and ``donut'' plug are used together as an assembled valve.
(i) Within 200 flight hours after the effective date of this AD,
and thereafter at intervals not to exceed 200 flight hours, conduct
leak tests of the toilet tank dump valve and the service panel drain
valve. The leak test of the toilet tank dump valve must be performed
by filling the toilet tank with a minimum of 10 gallons of water/
rinsing fluid and testing for leakage after a period of 5 minutes.
Take precautions to avoid overfilling the tank and spilling fluid
into the airplane. The leak test of the service panel drain valve
must be performed with a minimum 3 PSID applied across the valve.
(ii) Perform a visual inspection of the outer door/cap and seal
mating surface for wear or damage that may cause leakage. This
inspection shall be accomplished in conjunction with the leak tests
of paragraph (a)(7)(i) of this AD.
(iii) Within 5,000 flight hours after the effective date of this
AD, replace all the ``donut'' valves identified in paragraph (a)(7)
of this AD with another type of FAA-approved valve. Following
installation of the replacement valve, perform the appropriate leak
tests and seal replacements at the intervals specified for that
replacement valve, as applicable.
(8) For each lavatory drain system not addressed in paragraph
(a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(4), (a)(5), (a)(6), (a)(7), or (a)(8), of this
AD: Within 200 flight hours after the effective date of this AD, and
thereafter at intervals not to exceed 200 flight hours, accomplish
the procedures specified in paragraphs (a)(8)(i) and (a)(8)(ii) of
this AD.
(i) Conduct a leak test of the toilet tank dump valve and the
service panel drain valve. The leak test of the toilet tank dump
valve must be performed by filling the toilet tank with a minimum of
10 gallons of water/rinsing fluid and testing for leakage after a
period of 5 minutes. Take precautions to avoid overfilling the tank
and spilling fluid into the airplane. The leak test of the service
panel drain valve must be performed with a minimum of 3 PSID applied
across the valve inner door/closure device.
(ii) Perform a visual inspection of the outer cap/door and seal
mating surface for wear or damage that may cause leakage.
(9) For flush/fill lines: Within 5,000 flight hours after the
effective date of this AD, perform the requirements of paragraph
(a)(9)(i) or (a)(9)(ii), as applicable; and paragraph (a)(9)(iii) of
this AD. Thereafter, repeat these requirements at intervals not to
exceed 5,000 flight hours, or 48 months after the last documented
seal change, whichever occurs later.
(i) If a lever lock cap is installed on the flush/fill line of
the subject lavatory, replace the seals on the toilet tank anti-
siphon (check) valve and the flush/fill line cap with new or
serviceable seals and caps. Perform a leak test of the toilet tank
anti-siphon (check) valve with a minimum of 3 PSID across the valve,
in accordance with the applicable portions of paragraph
(a)(10)(ii)(A) of this AD.
(ii) If a vacuum breaker check valve, Monogram P/N series 3765-
190, or Shaw Aero Devices P/N series 301-0009-01, is installed on
the subject lavatory, replace the seals/o-rings in the valve with a
new or serviceable valve. Perform a leak test of the vacuum breaker
check valve and verify proper operation of the vent line vacuum
breaker, in accordance with paragraphs (a)(9)(ii)(A) and
(a)(9)(ii)(B) of this AD.
(A) Leak test the toilet tank anti-siphon (check) valve or the
vacuum breaker check valve by filling the toilet tank with water/
rinsing fluid to a level such that the bowl is approximately half
full (at least 2 inches above the flapper in the bowl). Apply 3 PSID
across the valve in the same direction as occurs in flight. The vent
line vacuum breaker on vacuum breaker check valves must be pinched
closed or plugged for this leak test. If there is a cap/valve at the
flush/fill line port, the cap/valve must be removed/open during the
test. Check for leakage at the flush/fill line port for a period of
5 minutes.
(B) Verify proper operation of the vent line vacuum breaker by
filling the tank and checking at the fill line port for back
drainage after disconnecting the fluid source from the flush/fill
line port. If back drainage does not occur, replace the vent line
vacuum breaker with a new or serviceable breaker or repair the
vacuum breaker check valve, in accordance with the component
maintenance manual to obtain proper back drainage. As an alternative
to the test technique specified above, verify proper operation of
the vent line vacuum breaker in accordance with the procedures of
the applicable component maintenance manual.
[[Page 46932]]
(iii) If a flush/fill ball valve, Kaiser Electroprecision P/N
series 0062-0009, is installed on the flush/fill line of the subject
lavatory, replace the seals in the flush/fill ball valve and the
toilet tank anti-siphon valve with new or serviceable seals and
valves. Perform a leak test of the toilet tank anti-siphon valve
with a minimum of 3 PSID across the valve, in accordance with
paragraph (a)(9)(ii)(A) of this AD.
(b) If leakage is discovered during any leak test or inspection
required by paragraph (a) of this AD, or if evidence of leakage is
found at any other time, accomplish the requirements of paragraph
(a)(10)(i), (a)(10)(ii), (a)(10)(iii), or (a)(10)(iv) of this AD, as
applicable.
(1) If leakage is discovered, prior to further flight, repair
the leak. Prior to further flight after repair, perform the
appropriate leak test as specified in paragraph (a) of this AD, as
applicable. Additionally, prior to returning the airplane to
service, clean the surfaces adjacent to where the leakage occurred
to clear them of any horizontal fluid residue streaks; such cleaning
must be to the extent that any future appearance of a horizontal
fluid residue streak will be taken to mean that the system is
leaking again.
Note 3: For purposes of this AD, ``leakage'' is defined as any
visible leakage, if observed during a leak test. At any other time
(than during a leak test), ``leakage'' is defined as the presence of
ice in the service panel, or horizontal fluid residue streaks/ice
trails originating at the service panel. The fluid residue is
usually, but not necessarily, blue in color.
(2) If any worn or damaged seal is found, or if any damaged seal
mating surface is found, prior to further flight, repair or replace
it with a new or serviceable seal, in accordance with the valve
manufacturer's maintenance manual.
(3) In lieu of performing the requirements of paragraph (b)(1)
or (b)(2) of this AD: Prior to further flight, drain the affected
lavatory system and placard the affected lavatory inoperative until
repairs can be accomplished.
(4) In lieu of performing the requirements of paragraph (b)(1),
(b)(2) or (b)(3) of this AD: Prior to further flight, install an
FAA-approved ``donut'' plug; perform the leak test required by
paragraph (a)(3) or (9) of this AD, as applicable; and repeat that
leak test each time the ``donut'' valve is removed for tank
servicing. Within 10 days after the installation of the FAA-approved
``donut'' plug, accomplish either paragraph (b)(4)(i) or (b)(4)(ii)
of this AD:
(i) Accomplish the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2)
of this AD. Or
(ii) Accomplish the requirements of paragraph (b)(3) of this AD.
(c) For all airplanes: Unless accomplished previously, within
5,000 flight hours after the effective date of this AD, perform the
actions specified in either paragraph (c)(1), (c)(2), or (c)(3) of
this AD.
(1) Install an FAA-approved lever lock cap on the flush/fill
lines for all lavatories. Or
(2) Install a vacuum break, Monogram P/N series 3765-190 or Shaw
Aero Devices P/N series 301-0009-01, in the flush/fill lines for all
lavatories. Or
(3) Install a flush/fill ball valve, Kaiser Electroprecision P/N
series 0062-0009 on the flush/fill lines for all lavatories.
(d) For any affected airplane acquired after the effective date
of this AD: Before any operator places into service any airplane
subject to the requirements of this AD, a schedule for the
accomplishment of the leak tests required by this AD shall be
established in accordance with either paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(2) of
this AD, as applicable. After each leak test has been performed
once, each subsequent leak test must be performed in accordance with
the new operator's schedule, in accordance with paragraph (a) of
this AD.
(1) For airplanes that have been maintained previously in
accordance with this AD, the first leak test to be performed by the
new operator must be accomplished in accordance with the previous
operator's schedule or with the new operator's schedule, whichever
results in the earlier accomplishment date for that leak test.
(2) For airplanes that have not been previously maintained in
accordance with this AD, the first leak test to be performed by the
new operator must be accomplished prior to further flight, or in
accordance with a schedule approved by the FAA Principal Maintenance
Inspector (PMI), but within a period not to exceed 200 flight hours.
(e) An alternative method of compliance or adjustment of the
compliance time that provides an acceptable level of safety may be
used if approved by the Manager, Atlanta Aircraft Certification
Office (ACO), FAA, Small Airplane Directorate. Operators shall
submit their requests through an appropriate FAA PMI, who may add
comments and then send it to the Manager, Atlanta ACO.
Note 4: Information concerning the existence of approved
alternative methods of compliance with this AD, if any, may be
obtained from the Atlanta ACO.
(f) Special flight permits may be issued in accordance with
sections 21.197 and 21.199 of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14
CFR 21.197 and 21.199) to operate the airplane to a location where
the requirements of this AD can be accomplished.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on August 28, 1998.
Vi L. Lipski,
Acting Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification
Service.
[FR Doc. 98-23741 Filed 9-2-98; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-U