[Federal Register Volume 63, Number 62 (Wednesday, April 1, 1998)]
[Notices]
[Pages 15861-15887]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 98-8530]


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INTERNATIONAL TRADE COMMISSION

[Investigation 332-392]


Advice Concerning APEC Sectoral Trade Liberalization

AGENCY: United States International Trade Commission.

ACTION: Institution of investigation and scheduling of public hearing.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

EFFECTIVE DATE: March 25, 1998.

SUMMARY: Following receipt of a request on March 18, 1998, from the 
U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), the Commission instituted 
investigation No. 332-392, Advice Concerning APEC Sectoral Trade 
Liberalization, under section 332(g) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 
U.S.C. 1332(g)).

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: Industry-specific information may be obtained 
from Karen Laney-Cummings (202-205-3443) or James Lukes (202-205-3426), 
Office of Industries, U.S. International Trade Commission, Washington, 
DC 20436. For information on the legal aspects of this investigation 
contact Mr. William Gearhart of the Office of the General Counsel (202-
205-3091). News media should contact Peg O'Laughlin, Office of External 
Relations (202-205-1819). Hearing impaired individuals are advised that 
information on this matter can be obtained by contacting the TDD 
terminal on (202) 205-1810.

Background

    USTR asked the Commission to provide advice concerning trade 
liberalization among APEC countries in nine sectors including: 
chemicals, environmental goods and services, fish and fish products, 
forest products, gems and jewelry, medical equipment and instruments, 
toys, energy equipment and services, and telecommunications equipment. 
A list of Harmonized Tariff System (HTS) numbers that comprise the 
goods for most sectors is attached; the list for environmental goods 
and services is illustrative. The report will include (1) profiles of 
the above industry sectors (including a description of U.S. and foreign 
sectors and their competitive positions); (2) an assessment of patterns 
of U.S. sector imports and exports to APEC trading partners and other 
trading partners; (3) summaries of U.S. and foreign tariff rates and 
reported nontariff barriers affecting the sectors; and (4) information 
about increased market access opportunities resulting from 
liberalization. As requested, the Commission plans to transmit its 
report to USTR by June 16, 1998. USTR has indicated portions of the 
report will be classified as ``confidential'' and will also be regarded 
as containing predecisional advice and be subject to the deliberative 
process privilege.
    Public Hearing: A public hearing in connection with the 
investigation will be held at the U.S. International Trade Commission 
Building, 500 E Street SW., Washington, DC, beginning at 9:30 a.m. on 
April 21, 1998. All persons shall have the right to appear, by counsel 
or in person, to present information and to be heard. Requests to 
appear at the public hearing should be filed with the Secretary, U.S. 
International Trade Commission, 500 E Street SW., Washington, DC, 
20436, no later than 5:15 p.m., April 15, 1998. Any prehearing briefs 
(original and 14 copies) should be filed not later than 5:15 p.m., 
April 15, 1998; the deadline for filing post-hearing briefs or 
statements is 5:15 p.m., April 28, 1998. In the event that, as of the 
close of business on April 15, 1998, no witnesses are scheduled to 
appear at the hearing, the hearing will be canceled. Any person 
interested in attending the hearing as an observer or non-

[[Page 15862]]

participant may call the Secretary to the Commission (202-205-1816) 
after April 15, 1998 to determine whether the hearing will be held.
    Written Submissions: In lieu of, or in addition to, participating 
in the hearing, interested parties are invited to submit written 
statements concerning the matters to be addressed by the Commission in 
its report on this investigation. Commercial or financial information 
that a submitter desires the Commission to treat as confidential must 
be submitted on separate sheets of paper, each clearly marked 
``Confidential Business Information'' at the top. All submissions 
requesting confidential treatment must conform with the requirements of 
section 201.6 of the Commission's Rules of Practice and Procedure (19 
CFR 201.6). All written submissions, except for confidential business 
information, will be made available in the Office of the Secretary to 
the Commission for inspection by interested parties. To be assured of 
consideration by the Commission, written statements relating to the 
Commission's report should be submitted to the Commission at the 
earliest practical date and should be received no later than 5:15 p.m. 
on April 28, 1998. All submissions should be addressed to the 
Secretary, U.S. International Trade Commission, 500 E Street SW., 
Washington, DC 20436. Persons with mobility impairments who will need 
special assistance in gaining access to the Commission should contact 
the Office of the Secretary at 202-205-2000. General information 
concerning the Commission may also be obtained by accessing its 
Internet server (http://www.usitc.gov).

List of Subjects:

    APEC, trade liberalization, tariff rates, nontariff barriers, 
market access opportunities, chemicals, environmental goods and 
services, fish and fish products, forest products, gems and jewelry, 
medical equipment and instruments, toys, energy equipment and services, 
and telecommunications equipment.

    By order of the Commission.

    Issued: March 26, 1998.
Donna R. Koehnke,
Secretary.

United States International Trade Commission; Washington, DC

(Investigation 332-392)

Advice Concerning APEC Sectoral Trade Liberalization

Sector Coverage for Tariff Data

Chemicals

2801.10
2801.20
2801.30
2802.00
2803.00
2804.10
2804.21
2804.29
2804.30
2804.40
2804.50
2804.61
2804.69
2804.70
2804.80
2804.90
2805.11
2805.19
2805.21
2805.22
2805.30
2805.40
2806.10
2806.20
2807.00
2808.00
2809.10
2809.20
2810.00
2811.11
2811.19
2811.21
2811.22
2811.23
2811.29
2812.10
2812.90
2813.10
2813.90
2814.10
2814.20
2815.11
2815.12
2815.20
2815.30
2816.10
2816.20
2816.30
2817.00
2818.10
2818.20
2818.30
2819.10
2819.90
2820.10
2820.90
2821.10
2821.20
2822.00
2823.00
2824.10
2824.20
2824.90
2825.10
2825.20
2825.30
2825.40
2825.50
2825.60
2825.70
2825.80
2825.90
2826.11
2826.12
2826.19
2826.20
2826.30
2826.90
2827.10
2827.20
2827.31
2827.32
2827.33
2827.34
2827.35
2827.36
2827.38
2827.39
2827.41
2827.49
2827.51
2827.59
2827.60
2828.10
2828.90
2829.11
2829.19
2829.90
2830.10
2830.20
2830.30
2830.90
2831.10
2831.90
2832.10
2832.20
2832.30
2833.11
2833.19
2833.21
2833.22
2833.23
2833.24
2833.25
2833.26
2833.27
2833.29
2833.30
2833.40
2834.10
2834.21
2834.22
2834.29
2835.10
2835.22
2835.23
2835.24
2835.25
2835.26
2835.29
2835.31
2835.39
2836.10
2836.20
2836.30
2836.40
2836.50
2836.60
2836.70

[[Page 15863]]

2836.91
2836.92
2836.99
2837.11
2837.19
2837.20
2838.00
2839.11
2839.19
2839.20
2839.90
2840.11
2840.19
2840.20
2840.30
2841.10
2841.20
2841.30
2841.40
2841.50
2841.61
2841.69
2841.70
2841.80
2841.90
2842.10
2842.90
2843.10
2843.21
2843.29
2843.30
2843.90
2844.10
2844.20
2844.30
2844.40
2844.50
2845.10
2845.90
2846.10
2846.90
2847.00
2848.00
2849.10
2849.20
2849.90
2850.00
2851.00
2901.10
2901.21
2901.22
2901.23
2901.24
2901.29
2902.11
2902.19
2902.20
2902.30
2902.41
2902.42
2902.43
2902.44
2902.50
2902.60
2902.70
2902.90
2903.11
2903.12
2903.13
2903.14
2903.15
2903.16
2903.19
2903.21
2903.22
2903.23
2903.29
2903.30
2903.41
2903.42
2903.43
2903.44
2903.45
2903.46
2903.47
2903.49
2903.51
2903.59
2903.61
2903.62
2903.69
2904.10
2904.20
2904.90
2905.11
2905.12
2905.13
2905.14
2905.15
2905.16
2905.17
2905.19
2905.22
2905.29
2905.31
2905.32
2905.39
2905.41
2905.42
2905.45
2905.49
2905.50
2906.11
2906.12
2906.13
2906.14
2906.19
2906.21
2906.29
2907.11
2907.12
2907.13
2907.14
2907.15
2907.19
2907.21
2907.22
2907.23
2907.29
2907.30
2908.10
2908.20
2908.90
2909.11
2909.19
2909.20
2909.30
2909.41
2909.42
2909.43
2909.44
2909.49
2909.50
2909.60
2910.10
2910.20
2910.30
2910.90
2911.00
2912.11
2912.12
2912.13
2912.19
2912.21
2912.29
2912.30
2912.41
2912.42
2912.49
2912.50
2912.60
2913.00
2914.11
2914.12
2914.13
2914.19
2914.21
2914.22
2914.23
2914.29
2914.31
2914.39
2914.40
2914.50
2914.61
2914.69
2914.70
2915.11
2915.12
2915.13
2915.21
2915.22
2915.23
2915.24
2915.29
2915.31
2915.32
2915.33
2915.34
2915.35
2915.39
2915.40
2915.50
2915.60
2915.70
2915.90
2916.11
2916.12
2916.13
2916.14
2916.15
2916.19
2916.20
2916.31
2916.32
2916.34
2916.35
2916.39
2917.11
2917.12
2917.13
2917.14
2917.19
2917.20
2917.31
2917.32
2917.33
2917.34
2917.35
2917.36
2917.37
2917.39
2918.11
2918.12
2918.13
2918.14
2918.15
2918.16

[[Page 15864]]

2918.17
2918.19
2918.21
2918.22
2918.23
2918.29
2918.30
2918.90
2919.00
2920.10
2920.90
2921.11
2921.12
2921.19
2921.21
2921.22
2921.29
2921.30
2921.41
2921.42
2921.43
2921.44
2921.45
2921.49
2921.51
2921.59
2922.11
2922.12
2922.13
2922.19
2922.21
2922.22
2922.29
2922.30
2922.41
2922.42
2922.43
2922.49
2922.50
2923.10
2923.20
2923.90
2924.10
2924.21
2924.22
2924.29
2925.11
2925.19
2925.20
2926.10
2926.20
2926.90
2927.00
2928.00
2929.10
2929.90
2930.10
2930.20
2930.30
2930.40
2930.90
2931.00
2932.11
2932.12
2932.13
2932.19
2932.21
2932.29
2932.91
2932.92
2932.93
2932.94
2932.99
2933.11
2933.19
2933.21
2933.29
2933.31
2933.32
2933.39
2933.40
2933.51
2933.59
2933.61
2933.69
2933.71
2933.79
2933.90
2934.10
2934.20
2934.30
2934.90
2935.00
2936.10
2936.21
2936.22
2936.23
2936.24
2936.25
2936.26
2936.27
2936.28
2936.29
2936.90
2937.10
2937.21
2937.22
2937.29
2937.91
2937.92
2937.99
2938.10
2938.90
2939.10
2939.21
2939.29
2939.30
2939.41
2939.42
2939.49
2939.50
2939.61
2939.62
2939.63
2939.69
2939.70
2939.90
2940.00
2941.10
2941.20
2941.30
2941.40
2941.50
2941.90
2942.00
3001.10
3001.20
3001.90
3002.10
3002.20
3002.30
3002.90
3003.10
3003.20
3003.31
3003.39
3003.40
3003.90
3004.10
3004.20
3004.31
3004.32
3004.39
3004.40
3004.50
3004.90
3005.10
3005.90
3006.10
3006.20
3006.30
3006.40
3006.50
3006.60
3101.00
3102.10
3102.21
3102.29
3102.30
3102.40
3102.50
3102.60
3102.70
3102.80
3102.90
3103.10
3103.20
3103.90
3104.10
3104.20
3104.30
3104.90
3105.10
3105.20
3105.30
3105.40
3105.51
3105.59
3105.60
3105.90
3201.10
3201.20
3201.90
3202.10
3202.90
3203.00
3204.11
3204.12
3204.13
3204.14
3204.15
3204.16
3204.17
3204.19
3204.20
3204.90
3205.00
3206.11
3206.19
3206.20
3206.30
3206.41
3206.42
3206.43
3206.49
3206.50
3207.10
3207.20
3207.30
3207.40
3208.10
3208.20
3208.90
3209.10
3209.90
3210.00
3211.00
3212.10

[[Page 15865]]

3212.90
3213.10
3213.90
3214.10
3214.90
3215.11
3215.19
3215.90
3302.10
3302.90
3303.00
3304.10
3304.20
3304.30
3304.91
3304.99
3305.10
3305.20
3305.30
3305.90
3306.10
3306.20
3306.90
3307.10
3307.20
3307.30
3307.41
3307.49
3307.90
3401.11
3401.19
3401.20
3402.11
3402.12
3402.13
3402.19
3402.20
3402.90
3403.11
3403.19
3403.91
3403.99
3404.10
3404.20
3404.90
3405.10
3405.20
3405.30
3405.40
3405.90
3406.00
3407.00
3506.10
3506.91
3506.99
3507.10
3507.90
3601.00
3602.00
3603.00
3604.10
3604.90
3605.00
3606.10
3606.90
3701.10
3701.20
3701.30
3701.91
3701.99
3702.10
3702.20
3702.31
3702.32
3702.39
3702.41
3702.42
3702.43
3702.44
3702.51
3702.52
3702.53
3702.54
3702.55
3702.56
3702.91
3702.92
3702.93
3702.94
3702.95
3703.10
3703.20
3703.90
3704.00
3705.10
3705.20
3705.90
3706.10
3706.90
3707.10
3707.90
3801.10
3801.20
3801.30
3801.90
3802.10
3802.90
3803.00
3804.00
3805.10
3805.20
3805.90
3806.10
3806.20
3806.30
3806.90
3807.00
3808.10
3808.20
3808.30
3808.40
3808.90
3809.91
3809.92
3809.93
3810.10
3810.90
3811.11
3811.19
3811.21
3811.29
3811.90
3812.10
3812.20
3812.30
3813.00
3814.00
3815.11
3815.12
3815.19
3815.90
3816.00
3817.10
3817.20
3818.00
3819.00
3820.00
3821.00
3822.00
3823.11
3823.12
3823.13
3823.19
3823.70
3824.10
3824.20
3824.30
3824.40
3824.50
3824.60
3824.71
3824.79
3824.90
3901.10
3901.20
3901.30
3901.90
3902.10
3902.20
3902.30
3902.90
3903.11
3903.19
3903.20
3903.30
3903.90
3904.10
3904.21
3904.22
3904.30
3904.40
3904.50
3904.61
3904.69
3904.90
3905.12
3905.19
3905.21
3905.29
3905.30
3905.91
3905.99
3906.10
3906.90
3907.10
3907.20
3907.30
3907.40
3907.50
3907.60
3907.91
3907.99
3908.10
3908.90
3909.10
3909.20
3909.30
3909.40
3909.50
3910.00
3911.10
3911.90
3912.11
3912.12
3912.20
3912.31
3912.39
3912.90
3913.10
3913.90
3914.00
3915.10
3915.20
3915.30
3915.90
3916.10
3916.20
3916.90

[[Page 15866]]

3917.10
3917.21
3917.22
3917.23
3917.29
3917.31
3917.32
3917.33
3917.39
3917.40
3918.10
3918.90
3919.10
3919.90
3920.10
3920.20
3920.30
3920.41
3920.42
3920.51
3920.59
3920.61
3920.62
3920.63
3920.69
3920.71
3920.72
3920.73
3920.79
3920.91
3920.92
3920.93
3920.94
3920.99
3921.11
3921.12
3921.13
3921.14
3921.19
3921.90
3922.10
3922.20
3922.90
3923.10
3923.21
3923.29
3923.30
3923.40
3923.50
3923.90
3924.10
3924.90
3925.10
3925.20
3925.30
3925.90
3926.10
3926.20
3926.30
3926.40
3926.90

Fish and Fish Products

0301.10
0301.91
0301.92
0301.93
0301.99
0302.11
0302.12
0302.19
0302.21
0302.22
0302.23
0302.29
0302.31
0302.32
0302.33
0302.39
0302.40
0302.50
0302.61
0302.62
0302.63
0302.64
0302.65
0302.66
0302.69
0302.70
0303.10
0303.21
0303.22
0303.29
0303.31
0303.32
0303.33
0303.39
0303.41
0303.42
0303.43
0303.49
0303.50
0303.60
0303.71
0303.72
0303.73
0303.74
0303.75
0303.76
0303.77
0303.78
0303.79
0303.80
0304.10
0304.20
0304.90
0305.10
0305.20
0305.30
0305.41
0305.42
0305.49
0305.51
0305.59
0305.61
0305.62
0305.63
0305.69
0306.11
0306.12
0306.13
0306.14
0306.19
0306.21
0306.22
0306.23
0306.24
0306.29
0307.10
0307.21
0307.29
0307.31
0307.39
0307.41
0307.49
0307.51
0307.59
0307.60
0307.91
0307.99
0511.10
0511.91
0511.99
1504.10
1504.20
1504.30
1603.00
1604.11
1604.12
1604.13
1604.14
1604.15
1604.16
1604.19
1604.20
1604.30
1605.10
1605.20
1605.30
1605.40
1605.90
2301.10
2301.20
2309.10
2309.90

Forest Products

4401.10
4401.21
4401.22
4401.30
4402.00
4403.10
4403.20
4403.41
4403.49
4403.91
4403.92
4403.99
4404.10
4404.20
4405.00
4406.10
4406.90
4407.10
4407.24
4407.25
4407.26
4407.29
4407.91
4407.92
4407.99
4408.10
4408.31
4408.39
4408.90
4409.10
4409.20
4410.11
4410.19
4410.90
4411.11
4411.19
4411.21
4411.29
4411.31
4411.39
4411.91
4411.99
4412.13
4412.14
4412.19
4412.22
4412.23
4412.29
4412.92
4412.93
4412.99
4413.00
4414.00

[[Page 15867]]

4415.10
4415.20
4416.00
4417.00
4418.10
4418.20
4418.30
4418.40
4418.50
4418.90
4419.00
4420.10
4420.90
4421.10
4421.90
4601.10
4601.20
4601.91
4601.99
4602.10
4602.90
4701.00
4702.00
4703.11
4703.19
4703.21
4703.29
4704.11
4704.19
4704.21
4704.29
4705.00
4706.10
4706.20
4706.91
4706.92
4706.93
4707.10
4707.20
4707.30
4707.90
4801.00
4802.10
4802.20
4802.30
4802.40
4802.51
4802.52
4802.53
4802.60
4803.00
4804.11
4804.19
4804.21
4804.29
4804.31
4804.39
4804.41
4804.42
4804.49
4804.51
4804.52
4804.59
4805.10
4805.21
4805.22
4805.23
4805.29
4805.30
4805.40
4805.50
4805.60
4805.70
4805.80
4806.10
4806.20
4806.30
4806.40
4807.10
4807.90
4808.10
4808.20
4808.30
4808.90
4809.10
4809.20
4809.90
4810.11
4810.12
4810.21
4810.29
4810.31
4810.32
4810.39
4810.91
4810.99
4811.10
4811.21
4811.29
4811.31
4811.39
4811.40
4811.90
4812.00
4813.10
4813.20
4813.90
4814.10
4814.20
4814.30
4814.90
4815.00
4816.10
4816.20
4816.30
4816.90
4817.10
4817.20
4817.30
4818.10
4818.20
4818.30
4818.40
4818.50
4818.90
4819.10
4819.20
4819.30
4819.40
4819.50
4819.60
4820.10
4820.20
4820.30
4820.40
4820.50
4820.90
4821.10
4821.90
4822.10
4822.90
4823.11
4823.19
4823.20
4823.40
4823.51
4823.59
4823.60
4823.70
4823.90
4901.10
4901.91
4901.99
4902.10
4902.90
4903.00
4904.00
4905.10
4905.91
4905.99
4906.00
4907.00
4908.10
4908.90
4909.00
4910.00
4911.10
4911.91
4911.99
9401.30
9401.50
9401.61
9401.69
9401.80
9401.90
9403.30
9403.40
9403.50
9403.60
9403.80
9403.90
9406.00

Gems and Jewelry

7101.10
7101.21
7101.22
7102.10
7102.21
7102.29
7102.31
7102.39
7103.10
7103.91
7103.99
7104.10
7104.20
7104.90
7105.10
7105.90
7106.10
7106.91
7106.92
7107.00
7108.11
7108.12
7108.13
7109.00
7110.11
7110.19
7110.21
7110.29
7110.31
7110.39
7110.41
7110.49
7111.00
7112.10
7112.20
7112.90
7113.11
7113.19
7113.20
7114.11
7114.19
7114.20
7115.10
7115.90
7116.10

[[Page 15868]]

7116.20
7117.11
7117.19
7117.90
7118.10
7118.90

Medical Equipment and Instruments

2844.40
3822.00
8419.20
8543.89
8713.10
8713.90
8714.20
9018.11
9018.12
9018.13
9018.14
9018.19
9018.20
9018.31
9018.32
9018.39
9018.41
9018.49
9018.50
9018.90
9019.10
9019.20
9021.11
9021.19
9021.21
9021.29
9021.30
9021.40
9021.50
9021.90
9022.12
9022.13
9022.14
9022.19
9022.21
9022.29
9022.30
9022.90
9023.00
9024.10
9024.80
9024.90
9025.11
9025.19
9025.80
9025.90
9026.10
9026.20
9026.80
9026.90
9027.10
9027.20
9027.30
9027.40
9027.50
9027.80
9027.90
9028.10
9028.20
9028.30
9028.90
9030.10
9030.20
9030.31
9030.39
9030.40
9030.82
9030.83
9030.89
9030.90
9031.10
9031.20
9031.30
9031.41
9031.49
9031.80
9031.90
9032.10
9032.20
9032.81
9032.89
9032.90

Toys

9501.00
9502.10
9502.91
9502.99
9503.10
9503.20
9503.30
9503.41
9503.49
9503.50
9503.60
9503.70
9503.80
9503.90
9504.10
9504.20
9504.30
9504.40
9504.90
9505.10
9505.90

Telecommunications

8517.11
8517.19
8517.21
8517.22
8517.30
8517.50
8517.80
8517.90
8520.10
8520.20
8525.20
8527.90
8526.92

Energy Commodities

                                                                        
                                                                        
      HS                               Description                      
                                                                        
2701.11.......  Anthracite coal, not agglomerated.                      
2701.12.......  Bituminous coal, not agglomerated.                      
2701.19.......  Coal nesoi, not agglomerated.                           
2701.20.......  Briquettes, ovoids, similar solid fuels from coal.      
2711.11.......  Natural gas, liquefied.                                 
2711.12.......  Propane, liquefied.                                     
2711.13.......  Butanes, liquefied.                                     
2711.14.......  Ethylene, propylene, butylene and butadiene liqifi.     
2711.19.......  Petroleum gases etc., liquefied, nesoi.                 
2711.21.......  Natural gas, gaseous.                                   
2711.29.......  Petroleum gases etc., in gaseous state, nesoi.          
2716.00.......  Electrical energy.                                      
ex  2901.10...  Synthetic natural gas (methane of 90% purity obtained   
                 from sources other than naturally occuring reservoirs  
                 of natural gas) .                                      
                                                                        

Energy-Related Equipment

                                                                        
 EX         HS 98                      6-Digit Description              
                                                                        
     7304 10             Line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas        
                          pipelines.                                    
     7304 21             Drill pipe of a kind used in drilling for oil  
                          and gas.                                      
     7304 29             Casing or tubing of a kind used in drilling for
                          oil and gas.                                  
ex.  7304 31             Seamless cold-drawn or cold-rolled tubes,      
                          pipes, and hollow profiles, of iron or        
                          nonalloy steel, other than of circular cross  
                          section, suitable for use in boilers,         
                          superheaters, heat exchangers, condensers,    
                          refining furnaces and feedwater heaters.      
ex.  7304 39             Tubes, pipes, and hollow profiles, seamless, of
                          iron or nonalloy steel, other than cold-drawn 
                          or cold-rolled, suitable for use in boilers,  
                          superheaters, heat exchangers, condensers,    
                          refining furnaces and feedwater heaters.      

[[Page 15869]]

                                                                        
ex.  7304 41             Tubes, pipes, and hollow profiles, seamless, of
                          cold-rolled or cold-drawn, of stainless steel 
                          other than of high-nickel alloy steel,        
                          suitable for use in boilers, superheaters,    
                          heat exchangers, condensers, refining         
                          furnaces, and feedwater heaters.              
ex.  7304 49             Tubes, pipes, and hollow profiles, seamless,   
                          other than cold-rolled or cold-drawn, of      
                          stainless steel other than of high-nickel     
                          alloy steel, suitable for use in boilers,     
                          superheaters, heat exchangers, condensers,    
                          refining furnaces, and feedwater heaters.     
ex.  7304 51             Tubes, pipes, and hollow profiles, seamless, of
                          circular cross section, of other alloy steel, 
                          cold-rolled or cold-drawn, other than of high-
                          nickel alloy steel, suitable for use in       
                          boilers, superheaters, heat exchangers,       
                          condensers, refining furnaces, and feedwater  
                          heaters.                                      
ex.  7304 59             Tubes, pipes, and hollow profiles, seamless of 
                          iron or steel, of circular cross-section, of  
                          other alloy steel, other than cold-rolled or  
                          cold-drawn for use in boilers, superheaters,  
                          heat exchangers, condensers, refining         
                          furnaces, and feedwater heaters.              
     7305 11             Line pipe of a kind used for oil and gas       
                          pipelines, longitudinally submerged arc       
                          welded, having circular cross sections, the   
                          external diameter of which exceeds 406.4 mm.  
     7305 12             Line pipe of a kind used for oil and gas       
                          pipelines, other longitudinally welded, having
                          circular cross sections, the external diameter
                          of which exceeds 406.4 mm.                    
     7305 19             Line pipe of a kind used for oil and gas       
                          pipelines, other than longitudinally welded,  
                          having circular cross sections, the external  
                          diameter of which exceeds 406.4 mm.           
     7305 20             Casing of a kind used in oil or gas drilling,  
                          having circular cross sections, the external  
                          diameter of which exceeds 406.4 mm.           
     7306 10             Line pipe of a kind used for oil or gas        
                          pipelines, open seamed, or welded, riveted or 
                          similarly closed.                             
     7306 20             Casing or tubing of a kind used in oil or gas  
                          drilling, open seamed, welded, riveted or     
                          similarly closed.                             
ex.  7306 30             Tubes, pipes, and hollow profiles, welded, of  
                          circular cross section, of iron or nonalloy   
                          steel, having a wall thickness of 1.65mm or   
                          more, suitable for use in boilers,            
                          superheaters, heat exchangers, condensers,    
                          refining furnaces and feedwater heaters,      
                          whether or not cold drawn.                    
ex.  7306 40             Tubes, pipes, and hollow profiles, welded, of  
                          circular cross section, of stainless steel,   
                          having a wall thickness of 1.65mm or more,    
                          suitable for use in boilers, superheaters,    
                          heat exchangers, condensers, refining furnaces
                          and feedwater heaters, whether or not cold    
                          drawn.                                        
ex.  7306 50             Tubes, pipes, and hollow profiles, welded, of  
                          circular cross section, of other alloy steel, 
                          nonalloy steel, having a wall thickness of    
                          1.65mm or more, suitable for use in boilers,  
                          superheaters, heat exchangers, condensers,    
                          refining furnaces and feedwater heaters,      
                          whether or not cold drawn.                    
ex.  7308 20             Towers and lattice masts of iron or steel for  
                          oil or gas exploration and extraction and     
                          electricity power transmission.               
ex.  7308 40             Equipment for scaffolding, shuttering, propping
                          or pit-propping for coal and uranium mining.  
ex.  7308 90             Parts of towers and lattice masts of iron or   
                          steel for oil or gas exploration and          
                          extraction and electricity power transmission.
ex.  7309 00             Reservoirs, tanks, vats, and similar           
                          containers, of iron or steel, of a capacity   
                          exceeding 300 liters, whether or not lined or 
                          heat insulated, but not fitted with mechanical
                          or thermal equipment for use with petroleum   
                          extraction, production, and refining.         
ex.  7310 10             Empty steel drums and barrels of a capacity    
                          greater than 50 liters for use with petroleum 
                          or refined petroleum products.                
     7311 00             Containers for compressed or liquefied gas, of 
                          iron or steel, for the storage of natural gas.
ex.  7312 10             Steel wire cables for the core of aluminum     
                          cable-steel reinforced cables (ACSR).         
     8207 13             Rock drilling or earth boring tools, and parts 
                          thereof, with a working part of cermets.      
     8207 19             Rock drilling or earth boring tools, and parts 
                          thereof, with a working part other than       
                          cermet.                                       
     8401 10             Nuclear reactors.                              
     8401 20             Machinery and apparatus for isotopic           
                          separation, and parts thereof.                
     8401 30             Fuel elements (cartridges), non-irradiated, and
                          parts thereof.                                
     8401 40             Parts of nuclear reactors.                     
     8402 11             Watertube boilers with a steam production      
                          exceeding 45 t per hour.                      
     8402 12             Watertube boilers with a steam production not  
                          exceeding 45 t per hour.                      
     8402 19             Other vapor generating boilers, including      
                          hybrid boilers.                               
     8402 20             Super-heated water boilers.                    
     8402 90             Parts of steam or other vapor-generating       
                          boilers of heading 8404.                      
     8403 10             Central heating boilers (other than those of   
                          8402).                                        
     8403 90             Parts of central heating boilers (other than   
                          those of 8402).                               
     8404 10             Auxiliary plant for use with boilers of        
                          headings 8402 and 8403.                       
     8404 20             Condensers for steam and other vapor power     
                          units of headings 8402 and 8403.              
     8404 90             Parts of auxiliary plant for use with boilers  
                          of headings 8402 and 8403.                    
     8406 81             Steam and other vapor turbines of an output    
                          exceeding 40 MW.                              
ex.  8406 82             Steam and other vapor turbines of an output not
                          exceeding 40 MW.                              
ex.  8406 90             Parts of steam and other vapor turbines other  
                          than for marine propulsion.                   
ex.  8408 90             Other compression-ignition internal combustion 
                          piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines)
                          for use in drilling for oil and gas.          
ex.  8409 99             Parts of other compression-ignition internal   
                          combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-    
                          diesel engines) for use in drilling for oil   
                          and gas.                                      
     8410 11             Hydraulic turbines and water wheels of a power 
                          not exceeding 1,000 kWr).                     
     8410 12             Hydraulic turbines and water wheels of a power 
                          exceeding 1,000 kW but not exceeding 10,000   
                          kW.                                           
     8410 13             Hydraulic turbines and water wheels of a power 
                          exceeding 10,000 kW.                          
     8410 90             Parts, including regulators.                   
ex.  8411 11             Turbojets of a thrust not exceeding 25 kN other
                          than for aircraft, marine craft and           
                          locomotives.                                  
ex.  8411 12             Turbojets of a thrust exceeding 25 kN other    
                          than for aircraft, marine craft and           
                          locomotives.                                  
ex.  8411 21             Turbopropellers of a power not exceeding 1,100 
                          kW other than for aircraft, marine craft and  
                          locomotives.                                  
ex.  8411 22             Turbopropellers of a power exceeding 1,100 kW  
                          other than for aircraft, marine craft and     
                          locomotives.                                  
ex.  8411 81             Other gas turbines of a power not exceeding    
                          5,000 kW other than for aircraft, marine craft
                          and locomotives.                              
ex.  8411 82             Other gas turbines of a power exceeding 5,000  
                          kW other than for aircraft, marine craft and  
                          locomotives.                                  
ex.  8411 91             Parts of turbojets and turbopropellers for use 
                          other than for aircraft, marine craft and     
                          locomotives.                                  
ex.  8411 99             Parts of other gas turbines for use other than 
                          for aircraft, marine craft and locomotives.   

[[Page 15870]]

                                                                        
ex.  8413 50             Other reciprocating positive displacement oil  
                          well and oil field pumps.                     
ex.  8413 60             Other rotary positive displacement oil well and
                          oil field pumps.                              
ex.  8413 91             Parts of oil well and oil field pumps and pumps
                          used in petroleum refining.                   
ex.  8414 80             Compressors for use in natural gas production  
                          and delivery, and for use in power plants.    
ex.  8414 90             Parts of compressors for use in natural gas    
                          production and delivery and in power plants in
                          8414.80.                                      
     8416 10             Furnace burners for liquid fuel.               
     8416 20             Other furnace burners, including combination   
                          furnace burners.                              
     8416 30             Mechanical stokers, including their mechanical 
                          grates, mechanical ash dischargers, and       
                          similar appliances.                           
     8416 90             Parts of furnace burners.                      
ex.  8417 80             Other nonelectric industrial or laboratory     
                          furnaces and ovens, including incinerators,   
                          for waste-to-energy production.               
ex.  8417 90             Parts of other nonelectric industrial or       
                          laboratory furnaces and ovens, including      
                          incinerators, for waste-to-energy production. 
ex.  8419 19             Solar water heaters (hot water).               
ex.  8419 40             Distilling and rectifying plant for petroleum  
                          refining, coal gasification, or biomass       
                          distillation.                                 
ex.  8419 60             Machinery for liquefying natural gas.          
ex.  8419 89             Other machinery, plant or equipment for        
                          refining petroleum, coal gasification, or     
                          fermenting biomass.                           
ex.  8419 90             Parts of solar water heaters (hot water), and  
                          of distilling and rectifying plant for        
                          petroleum refining, coal gasification, or     
                          biomass distillation, machinery for liquefying
                          natural gas, or other machinery, plant or     
                          equipment for refining petroleum, coal        
                          gasification, or fermenting biomass.          
ex.  8421 21             Water filtering or purifying machinery for     
                          boiler water for power generation.            
ex.  8421 29             Oil-separation equipment.                      
ex.  8421 39             Gas separation equipment; filtering or         
                          purifying machinery and apparatus for use in  
                          the production of electricity from nuclear    
                          power.                                        
ex.  8421 99             Parts of machinery for filtering or purifying  
                          boiler water for power generation, oil-       
                          separation equipment, and gas separation      
                          equipment; filtering or purifying machinery   
                          and apparatus for use in the production of    
                          electricity from nuclear power.               
     8428 31             Other continuous-action elevators and          
                          conveyors, for goods or materials,            
                          specifically designed for underground use.    
     8428 32             Other continuous-action elevators and          
                          conveyors, for goods or materials, bucket     
                          type.                                         
     8428 33             Other continuous-action elevators and          
                          conveyors, for goods or materials, belt type. 
     8428 39             Other continuous-action elevators and          
                          conveyors, for goods or materials, other.     
     8428 50             Mine wagon pushers, locomotive or wagon        
                          traversers, wagon tippers and similar railway 
                          wagon handling equipment.                     
     8428 90             Other lifting, handling, loading or unloading  
                          machinery of a kind used in charging or       
                          discharging furnaces; other lifting, handling,
                          loading or unloading machinery of a kind used 
                          for radioactive materials; sidebooms and      
                          pipehandlers; loaders, underground mine type; 
                          other lifting, handling, loading or unloading 
                          machinery for oil and gas field machinery.    
     8429 11             Self-propelled bulldozers and angledozers,     
                          track laying                                  
     8429 19             Self-propelled bulldozers and angledozers other
                          than track laying.                            
     8429 20             Self-propelled graders and levelers.           
     8429 30             Self-propelled scrapers.                       
     8429 51             Self-propelled front-end shovel loaders.       
     8429 52             Self-propelled machinery with a 360 degree     
                          revolving superstructure.                     
     8429 59             Self-propelled backhoes, shovels, clamshells   
                          and draglines and other machinery other than  
                          with a 360 degree revolving superstructure.   
     8430 10             Pile-drivers and pile-extractors.              
     8430 31             Self-propelled coal or rock cutters and        
                          tunneling machinery.                          
     8430 39             Coal or rock cutters and tunneling machinery,  
                          not self-propelled.                           
     8430 41             Self-propelled boring or sinking machinery.    
     8430 49             Offshore oil and natural gas drilling and      
                          production platforms; other boring or sinking 
                          machinery, not self-propelled, for oil well   
                          and gas field drilling; other boring or       
                          sinking machinery, not self-propelled, other. 
ex.  8430 50             Self-propelled peat excavators; self-propelled 
                          machinery for working earth, nesi.            
     8430 62             Scrapers, not self-propelled.                  
     8430 69             Machinery for working earth, not self-         
                          propelled, nesi.                              
     8431 39             Parts of other lifting, handling, loading or   
                          unloading machinery of subheadings 8428.31,   
                          8428.32, 8428.33, 8428.39, 8428.50, and       
                          8428.90.                                      
     8431 41             Buckets, shovels, grabs and grips suitable for 
                          use solely or principally with the machinery  
                          of headings 8426, 8429, or 8430.              
     8431 42             Bulldozer or angledozer blades suitable for use
                          solely or principally with the machinery of   
                          heading 8426, 8429 or 8430.                   
     8431 43             Parts of boring or sinking machinery of 8430.41
                          or 8430.49.                                   
     8431 49             Parts suitable for use solely or principally   
                          with the machinery of heading 8429 or 8430,   
                          nesi.                                         
ex.  8437 80             Cutters and other machinery for working corn/  
                          biomass for biomass energy production.        
ex.  8437 90             Parts of cutters and other machinery for       
                          working com/biomass for biomass energy        
                          production.                                   
     8467 11             Rock drills, pneumatic, hand-held rotary type  
                          (including combined rotary-percussion).       
ex.  8467 19             Other tools for working in the hand, hydraulic 
                          or with self-contained nonelectric motor,     
                          other than pneumatic, designed for use in     
                          construction or mining.                       
ex.  8467 92             Parts of pneumatic, hand-held rock drills or   
                          hand -held tools, hydraulic or with self-     
                          contained nonelectric motor, other than       
                          pneumatic, designed for use in construction or
                          mining.                                       
     8474 10             Sorting, screening, separating or washing      
                          machines.                                     
     8474 20             Crushing or grinding machines.                 
     8474 80             Machinery for agglomerating, shaping, or       
                          molding soild mineral fuels, ceramic pastes,  
                          unhardened cements, plastering materials or   
                          other mineral products in powder or paste     
                          form.                                         
ex.  8474 90             Parts of machines for sorting, screening,      
                          separating or washing, crushing or grinding.  
ex.  8479 89             Oil and gas field wireline and downhole        
                          equipment.                                    
ex.  8479 90             Parts of oil and gas field wireline and        
                          downhole equipment.                           
ex.  8481 10             Pressure-reducing valves for electric power    
                          generation, petroleum and natural gas         
                          production, petroleum refining, and biomass   
                          production.                                   
ex.  8481 30             Check valves for electric power generation,    
                          petroleum and natural gas production,         
                          petroleum refining, and biomass production.   

[[Page 15871]]

                                                                        
ex.  8481 40             Safety or relief valves for electric power     
                          generation, petroleum and natural gas         
                          production, petroleum refining, and biomass   
                          production.                                   
ex.  8481 80             Hand operated valves and other valves for      
                          electric power generation, petroleum and      
                          natural gas production, petroleum refining,   
                          and biomass production.                       
ex.  8481 90             Parts valves for electric power generation,    
                          petroleum and natural gas production,         
                          petroleum refining, and biomass production.   
ex.  8501 31             Other electric DC motors, of an output         
                          exceeding 74.6 W but not exceeding 735 W.     
ex.  8501 32             Other electric DC motors of an output exceeding
                          750 W but not exceeding 75 kW, other than     
                          electric motors of a kind used as the primary 
                          source of mechanical power for electrically   
                          vehicles of subheading 8703.90 and other than 
                          for use in civil aircraft.                    
ex.  8501 33             Other electric DC motors of an output exceeding
                          75 kW but not exceeding 375 kW, other than for
                          use in civil aircraft.                        
ex.  8501 34             Other electric DC motors of an output exceeding
                          375 kW.                                       
ex.  8501 51             Other AC motors, multi-phase, of an output     
                          exceeding 74.6 W but not exceeding 735 W.     
ex.  8501 52             Other AC motors, multi-phase, of an output     
                          exceeding 750 W but not exceeding 75 kW, other
                          than for use in civil aircraft.               
ex.  8501 53             Other AC motors, multi-phase, of an output     
                          exceeding 75 kW but under 149.2 kW, or of an  
                          output exceeding 150 kW.                      
     8501 64             AC generators (alternators) of an output       
                          exceeding 750 kVA.                            
     8502 13             Generating sets with compression-ignition      
                          internal combustion piston engines (diesel or 
                          semi-diesel) of an output exceeding 375 kVA.  
     8502 20             Generating sets with spark-ignition internal   
                          combustion piston engines.                    
     8502 31             Other generating sets, wind-powered            
     8502 39             Other generating sets.                         
ex.  8503 00             Parts of generators for generators of          
                          subheadings 8501.64, 8502.13, 8502.20,        
                          8502.31, and 8502.39.                         
     8504 21             Liquid dielectric transformers having a power  
                          handling capacity not exceeding 650 kVA for   
                          electric power delivery.                      
     8504 22             Liquid dielectric transformers having a power  
                          handling capacity exceeding 650 kVA but not   
                          exceeding 10,000 kVA for electric power       
                          delivery (electricity).                       
     8504 23             Liquid dielectric transformers having a power  
                          handling capacity exceeding 10,000 kVA.       
     8504 33             Other transformers having a power handling     
                          capacity exceeding 16 kVA but not exceeding   
                          500 kVA.                                      
     8504 34             Other transformers having a power handling     
                          capacity exceeding 500 kVA for electric power 
                          delivery.                                     
ex.  8504 40             Speed drive controllers for electric motors and
                          other static converters (including rectifiers 
                          and rectifying apparatus and inverters), other
                          than for power supplies for automatic data    
                          processing machines or units thereof of       
                          heading 8471, or telecommunications apparatus.
ex.  8504 90             Parts of speed drive controllers for electric  
                          motors and other static converters (including 
                          rectifiers and rectifying apparatus and       
                          inverters), other than for power supplies for 
                          automatic data processing machines or units   
                          thereof of heading 8471, or telecommunications
                          apparatus.                                    
     8507 20             Other lead-acid batteries, other than of a kind
                          used as the primary source of electrical power
                          for electrically powered vehicles of          
                          subheading 8703.90, including 6 V, 12 V, or 36
                          V.                                            
     8507 40             Nickel-iron storage batteries, other than of a 
                          kind used as the primary source of electrical 
                          power for electrically powered vehicles of    
                          subheading 8703.90.                           
     8532 25             Electrical capacitors, fixed, variable or      
                          adjustable (pre-set), dielectric of paper or  
                          plastics, alternating current (AC) service,   
                          1,000 V or greater.                           
     8535 10             Fuses for a voltage exceeding 1,000 V.         
     8535 21             Automatic circuit breakers for a voltage of    
                          less than 72.5 kV.                            
     8535 29             Automatic circuit breakers for a voltage       
                          greater than 72.5 kV.                         
     8535 30             Isolating switches and maek-and-break switches.
ex.  8535 90             Motor starters and motor overload protectors.  
     8536 10             Fuses, for a voltage not exceeding 1,000 V.    
     8536 20             Automatic circuit breakers, for a voltage not  
                          exceeding 1,000 V.                            
     8536 30             Other apparatus for protecting electrical      
                          circuits, including motor overload protectors,
                          for a voltage not exceeding 1,000 V.          
     8536 41             Relays for a voltage not exceeding 60 V.       
     8536 49             Relays for a voltage greater than 60 V, but not
                          exceeding 1,000 V.                            
     8536 50             Switches for a voltage less than 1,000 volts   
     8536 69             Electrical connectors.                         
     8536 90             Other apparatus, including terminals, boxes.   
ex.  8537 10             Motor control centers, switchgear assemblies   
                          and switchboards, panel boards and            
                          distribution boards, and programmable         
                          controllers and associated modules.           
     8537 20             Boards, panels, consoles, desks, cabinets and  
                          other bases, for a voltage exceeding 1,000 V. 
     8538 10             Parts of boards, panels, consoles, desks,      
                          cabinets and other bases, not equipped with   
                          their apparatus, for a voltage exceeding 1,000
                          V.                                            
     8538 90             Parts suitable for use solely or principally   
                          with the apparatus of headings 8535.10,       
                          8535.21, 8535.29, 8535.30, and motor starters 
                          and motor overload protectors; of headings    
                          8536.10, 8536.20, 8536.30, 8536.41, 8536.49,  
                          8536.50, and motor control centers, switchgear
                          assemblies and switchboards, panel boards and 
                          distribution boards, and programmable         
                          controllers and associated modules; of        
                          headings 8537.20 and 8538.10.                 
ex.  8541 40             Photovoltaic cells (solar cells), whether or   
                          not assembled in modules or made up into      
                          panels.                                       
ex.  8544 41             Other electric connectors, for a voltage not   
                          exceeding 80 V, fitted with connectors, other 
                          than of a kind used for telecommunications.   
ex.  8544 49             Other electric connectors, for a voltage not   
                          exceeding 80 V, other than fitted with        
                          connectors, other than of a kind used for     
                          telecommunications.                           
ex.  8544 51             Other electric connectors, for a voltage       
                          exceeding 80 V but not exceeding 1,000 V,     
                          other than fitted with modular telephone      
                          connectors and other than a kind used for     
                          telecommunications.                           
     8544 60             Other electric conductors, for a voltage       
                          exceeding 1,000 V.                            
     8546 20             Electrical insulators of ceramics, used in high-
                          voltage, low-frequency electrical systems,    
                          commonly known as suspension, pin-type or line
                          post insulators.                              
ex.  8547 90             Electrical conduit tubing and joints therefor, 
                          of base metal lined with insulating material, 
                          for electric power delivery.                  
     8704 10             Dumpers designed for off-highway use.          

[[Page 15872]]

                                                                        
ex.  8705 20             Mobile drilling derricks for oil and gas.      
     8905 20             Floating or submersible drilling or production 
                          platforms.                                    
     9015 80             Seismographs and geophysical instruments and   
                          appliances.                                   
     9015 90             Parts of seismographs and geophysical          
                          instruments and appliances.                   
     9026 10             Electrical instruments and apparatus for       
                          measuring or checking the flow or level of    
                          liquids.                                      
     9026 20             Electrical instruments and apparatus for       
                          measuring or checking the pressure of liquids 
                          or gases.                                     
     9026 80             Other instruments and apparatus for measuring  
                          or checking variables of liquids or gases,    
                          nesi.                                         
     9026 90             Parts and accessories of instruments and       
                          apparatus for measuring or checking variables 
                          of liquids or gases.                          
     9028 10             Gas supply or production meters, including     
                          calibrating meters.                           
     9028 20             Liquid supply or production meters, including  
                          calibrating meters.                           
     9028 30             Electricity supply or production meters        
                          including calibrating meters.                 
     9028 90             Parts and accessories for gas, liquid, or      
                          electricity supply or production meters.      
     9030 39             Instruments and apparatus, nesi, for measuring 
                          or checking electrical voltage, current, or   
                          resistance.                                   
ex.  9032 10             Thermostats for articles of headings 8402,     
                          8403, 8404, and 8416.                         
ex.  9032 20             Manostats for articles of headings 8402, 8403, 
                          8404, and 8416.                               
ex.  9032 81             Hydraulic and pneumatic instruments and        
                          apparatus for articles of headings 8402, 8403,
                          8404, and 8416.                               
ex.  9032 89             Process control instruments and apparatus.     
ex.  9032 90             Parts of process control instruments and       
                          apparatus of heading 9032.89.                 
                                                                        

Energy Sector Services

A. Oil & Gas Field Services

    1. Exploration. Exploration includes collecting scientific data 
through gravity, magnetic, sismic and geologic methods to assess the 
earth's subsurface characteristics and intimate the presence of oil and 
gas reserves. Governments through production sharing contracts or 
royalty/tax regimes often offer areas of exploration. Other services 
also are provided, such as exploration and production information 
systems, software and computer modeling services to help petroleum 
companies find, produce and manage oil and gas reservoirs.
    2. Drilling. Drilling is the process of creating a well to locate 
and recover oil and gas. Drilling is often referred to as the 
production phase. Drilling is accomplished by using many specialized 
industry-specific contractors with unique equipment and services. These 
contractors include drilling, mud, downhole tools, logging, cementing, 
testing, stimulation and completion.
    3. Processing, Gathering & Refining. This is the process of 
isolating saleable products from a mixed raw production stream. For 
example, crude oil is isolated from water and gas, or gas is isolated 
from water, hydrocarbon liquids and other inert gases. Gathering occurs 
by gathering oil or gas from a group of wells to isolate saleable 
products and at a larger level where these saleable products are 
distributed by pipeline, barge, etc. to a market. Gas also is gathered 
as coal bed methane and land fill methane, processed, stored and 
injected into the pipeline transmission system. Crude oil is processed 
at refining installations into a number of refined products, such as 
lubricants, fuels and gasoline. Other services under this heading 
include evaluation of producing formulations, production enhancement 
and well maintenance services.
    4. Design & Engineering. Extensive specialized design, engineering, 
procurement and construction services are required in building 
production processing equipment, pipelines and gathering systems. In 
offshore situations there is also the matter of designing and 
construction platforms, processing equipment and gathering systems.
    5. Production (Construction, Operation & Maintenance). This 
includes workover rigs and associated support services, which are 
similar to drilling listed above, except that these workover rigs are 
generally more specialized using different equipment. Operation and 
maintenance includes the support technical personnel, chemicals and 
service equipment to continuously process the oil and gas.
    6. Transportation. Pipelines, barges, ships and trucks typically 
move oil, and pipelines typically move natural gas. Movement is from 
the production area to market locations such as refineries for oil and 
power plants and local distribution companies for natural gas. Natural 
gas also can be converted to liquified form and transported in 
specially designed ships to port facilities where it is regasified and 
transported through pipelines to market locations.
    7. Storage. Crude oil is stored in large tanks at atmospheric 
pressure and temperatures. Natural gas can be stored in liquified form 
in specialized tanks or as compressed vapor in underground reservoirs.
    8. Trading, Marketing & Brokering. In the oil and gas field 
services sector, these activities vary greatly depending on the 
location of the production vis-a-vis the market. They include working 
with transporters (ships, barges, pipelines and trucks) and major users 
(refiners, power plants and industries) to arrange long-term contracts.
    9. Support Services. These include analysis of rock and other 
production field samples in order to access the commercial viability of 
a field. These tests and their results enhance competition and 
stimulation designs.
    10. Waste Management & Disposal. This is a key concern and includes 
disposing of produced water, drill cuttings, drilling fluids and spent 
process fluids.

B. Electricity Services

    1. Design & Engineering. This includes the selection of the 
configuration of a power plant, transmission system, substations, and 
various other equipment. Also included is the use of technology such as 
gas-fired or steam turbines, fluidized beds, or wind, solar or other 
renewable energy technologies. Design and engineering services can be 
greatly affected by requirements to include in-country materials or in-
country design mandates. Design and engineering services also include 
all customary development work, such as acquiring all necessary permits 
and approvals, and contracts for fuel, transportation and other 
supplies.
    2. Generation (Construction, Operation & Maintenance). This 
includes actual construction of the facility, start-up services, 
training of personnel, safety and security of personnel, material 
fabrication and installation, equipment financing, and equipment and 
construction warranties. Operation and maintenance services include the 
actual operation and maintenance of the facility as well as financial 
and management services, environmental and safety safeguards, periodic 
equipment replacements and upgrades, and efficiency programs. Included 
in the operation category are

[[Page 15873]]

fuel procurement services, acquisition of spare parts, and preventative 
and periodic maintenance.
    3. Transportation. Transportation in the electricity service sector 
involves the movement of electricity along high voltage transmission 
lines. Additional services in this area include control room services 
of the central network, scheduling of electricity transmission, 
provision of ancillary services (such as, load following, stability 
services, reactive power, and spinning reserves), and access to the 
transmission system. These services also include the operation and 
maintenance of the transmission lines and upgrading of these lines 
based on advancements in technology.
    4. Distribution. Distribution involves transporting electricity 
from high voltage lines to low voltage lines, including associated 
transformer and substation facilities, for delivery to end-use 
customers. These are the lines that are customarily seen in residential 
areas to deliver electricity to consumers. Additional services in this 
area include the repair and maintenance of distribution lines and 
facilities, response to customers' needs, installation of additional 
lines, up grades of lines and facilities, and installation of service 
to additional customers.
    5. Storage. Unlike most commodities, electricity can not be stored 
economically except for the use of certain solar and fuel cell 
technologies. These services include the use of technologies for 
supplementing energy during peak hours or at the time other 
technologies are not available. Electricity, however, can be 
effectively ``stored'' by trading or swapping electricity for natural 
gas or other energy services during emergency, peak-load, or other 
high-cost hours. These services are highly specialized and case-
specific and allow the various energy services to be substituted for 
each other in order to maximize efficiency and increase profitability.
    6. Trading, Marketing & Brokering. These services include the 
buying and selling of electricity and electricity services for resale 
or for delivery to the ultimate customer, and the arrangement of 
transactions among buyers and sellers of these services. An electricity 
trader or marketer will buy (take title to) the electricity and take 
the risk that the electricity can be used or sold to another party. An 
electricity trader will also aggregate supplies of electricity and 
provide customers with custom fit services to meet their individual 
needs. Traders also arrange for the transportation of electricity to 
end-use customers. Brokers do not buy (take title to) electricity 
services but arrange transactions for buyers and sellers. They also may 
aggregate supplies and purchasers in order to take advantages of 
economies of scale involved in large volume transactions.
    7. Commodity & Price Risk Management. These services include the 
providing of calls, puts, swaps, options and commodity price risk 
management tools whose underlying values are attached to the price of 
electricity. Even though these services are utilized by businesses 
worldwide, they can involve activities that may be prohibited under 
certain jurisdiction anti-gaming laws, because they are not tied 
directly to a physical commodity. The development of these services 
enhances the efficient operation of electricity markets by providing 
price discovery and price risk management tools to those dealing in the 
underlying physical commodity. These services also can lead to 
substantial benefits in the deployment of capital in the industry and 
improve economic efficiency.
    8. Demand-Side & Other Customer Services. These include programs to 
reduce or restructure a customer's consumption of electricity in order 
to conserve electricity, shape overall consumption patterns, and 
enhance the efficiency of the production and delivery system. These 
services include energy audits, replacement or up grades of existing 
customer equipment, and other efficiency and conservation services that 
help an end-use customer manage the efficient use of electricity. These 
also include metering and billing services.
    9. Waste Management & Disposal. This involves the handling and 
disposal of the residue from the combustion phase of electricity 
generation (coal ash, solid particulates, etc.). Other aspects include 
pollution control services such as fuel gas stack scrubbers, 
particulate reduction, and water treatment and disposal.

C. Natural Gas Services

    1. Design & Engineering. Extensive specialized design, engineering, 
procurement and construction services are required in building natural 
gas production facilities, processing equipment, pipelines and 
gathering systems. In offshore situations there is also the matter of 
designing and construction platforms, processing equipment and 
gathering systems. These services also include the design and operation 
of information and communication equipment to facilitate communication 
between field and market participants (such as trading floors).
    2. Processing & Gathering. This is the process of isolating 
saleable products from a mixed raw production stream. For example, 
natural gas is isolated from water, hydrocarbon liquids and other inert 
gases. Gathering occurs by gathering gas from a group of wells or from 
coal bed methane seams or land fills to isolate saleable products and 
at a larger level where these saleable products are distributed by 
pipeline to market. Natural gas also can be liquified for 
transportation by specially designed cargo ships to port facilities 
where it is regasified and injected into pipeline systems for 
transportation to markets.
    3. Transportation. Pipelines typically move natural gas from 
gathering and processing facilities, or from liquified natural gas 
regasification facilities, to local distribution entities and end-use 
markets. Additional services in this area include the repair and 
maintenance of pipelines and associated equipment, response to 
customers' needs, management training, installation, up grade and 
expansion of pipelines, meters, storage and compression equipment, and 
installation of service to additional customers.
    4. Distribution. Natural gas service is provided to end-use 
customers by a local distribution entity, which transports the gas from 
the high pressure transportation pipeline to consumers through lower 
volume and pressure pipelines. Additional services in this area include 
the repair and maintenance of mains, response to customers' needs, 
management training, installation of additional mains, meters, storage, 
compression and end-use equipment, and installation of service to 
additional customers.
    5. Storage. Natural gas can be stored in liquefied form in 
specialized tanks or as compressed vapor in underground reservoirs. 
Storage services help coordinate gas supply and consumption patterns, 
thereby increasing the efficiency of the gas production, 
transportation, distribution and end-use system.
    6. Demand-Side and Other Customer Services. These include programs 
to reduce or restructure a customer's consumption of natural gas in 
order to conserve natural gas, shape overall consumption patterns, and 
enhance the efficiency of the production and delivery system. These 
services include energy audits, replacement or up-grades of existing 
customer equipment, and other efficiency and conservation services that 
help an end-use customer manage the efficient use of natural gas.

[[Page 15874]]

These also include metering and billing services.
    7. Trading, Marketing and Brokering. These services include the 
buying and selling of natural gas services for resale or for sale to 
the ultimate customer, and the arrangement of transactions between 
buyers and sellers of natural gas. A gas trader or marketer will buy 
natural gas and take the risk that the gas can either be used or resold 
to another party. A trader also will aggregate supplies of gas and 
provide customers with natural gas supplies and services that are 
custom fit to the consumer's needs. Traders also arrange for the 
transportation of gas to consumers. Brokers do not purchase natural gas 
supplies or services, but arrange transactions between buyers and 
sellers and also may aggregate suppliers and sellers in order to take 
advantage of large volume transactions.
    8. Commodity and Price Risk Management. These services include the 
providing of calls, puts, swaps, options and commodity price risk 
management tools whose underlying values are attached to the price of 
natural gas. Even though these services are utilized by businesses 
worldwide, they can involve activities that may be prohibited under 
certain jurisdictional anti-gaming laws, because they are not tied 
directly to a physical commodity. The development of these services 
enhances the efficient operation of natural gas markets by providing 
price discovery and price risk management tools to those dealing in the 
underlying physical commodity. These services also can lead to 
substantial benefits in the deployment of capital in the industry and 
improve economic efficiency.

D. Mining and Mining Services

    1. Exploration. Exploration services apply both advanced 
technologies including remote sensing from satellites and aircraft and 
physical surveys and sampling to pinpoint exact locations of mineral 
discovery. Drilling services are utilized at promising sites. Core 
sample testing services via chemical analysis, x-ray, microanalysis, 
and neutron activation analysis among others validate the mineral 
discovery. A wide range of commodities are mined including: coal, 
copper, iron, molybdenum, gold, phosphate, bauxite, zinc, lead, trona, 
limestone, silver, diamonds.
    2. Regulatory Approvals and Environmental Permitting. Environmental 
engineering services are applied to thoroughly study the environmental 
characteristics and impacts of the proposed mine in areas including air 
quality, archaeological and cultural, groundwater modeling, noise, 
socioeconomic, surface water, wetlands, and other impacts. 
Environmental permitting specialists assist in preparation of studies 
and documents to meet the various local, state and federal 
requirements. Public relations specialists communicate with the various 
publics involved in the process. Environmental specialists prepare 
plans to protect the environment throughout the mining process, during 
reclamation of the site and into perpetuity.
    3. Development. Mine planning specialists design detailed 
customized plans for surface or underground mining. The plan details 
the flow of activity, positioning of all support structures and 
processes and definition of equipment to be utilized. A variety of 
services are utilized as structures are built, equipment is procured, a 
workforce is hired, management staff is appointed, training programs 
are developed and the operation prepares for startup. Development may 
be performed directly by mine owners/operators or through specialized 
consultants and subcontractors in part or in entirety.
    4. Extraction. In surface mining, the extraction process begins by 
removing any overburden down to the mineral level. Hard overburden and 
ores are drilled and blasted into fragments. The fragmented material is 
then loaded into transport vehicles or conveyors to carry it to a 
dumping or processing area. Crushing of the material may occur during 
the transport cycle as well as during processing of the ore. Waste rock 
and tailings are carefully managed throughout the operation of a mine. 
Mines generally operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, so planning 
for proper inspection, parts inventory management, maintenance, repair, 
lubrication and upgrading of equipment and haul roads to assure maximum 
productivity is critical. Activities may be undertaken by the mine 
staff or contracted.
    If mineralization is deep beneath the surface, shafts or 
passageways are drilled in order to remove the ore and waste and 
provide ventilation. Various approaches to mining underground 
essentially cut the mineral from the walls and convey it back to the 
surface for loading into rail cars or trucks for transfer to 
processing. Various engineering disciplines are required to maximize 
the reserve recovery at the lowest economical cost.
    5. Processing. Many minerals require separation from the rock in 
which they are found. The mineral may then require concentration, 
usually by crushing or grinding the material. Flotation processes, heap 
leaching or in situ processes may be used, depending on the mineral and 
the ore body configuration. In the case of coal, washing and blending 
to grade may be required. Various treatments for iron ores are required 
depending upon their use in final steelmaking. Waste products resulting 
from processing need to be disposed of in an environmentally 
responsible manner.
    6. Production/Technology. To date, mature mining markets have 
increased their productivity and reduced their costs via mechanization. 
Mechanization has nearly reached its ceiling. Future enhancements will 
include the electronic/information systems which allow existing 
mechanical/hydraulic systems to communicate among themselves & optimize 
performance. Developing markets will be forced to compete on a cost 
basis in the future. Most likely, they will follow the trend of the 
mature markets (i.e. mechanization). Producing more product with fewer 
people will create difficult political, social & economical decisions 
for these countries.
    7. Marketing. Coal mines establish contracts with utilities or sell 
coal on spot markets, while minerals are marketed to industrial 
processors or users, or in some cases, agricultural customers.--Hard 
rock mineral prices fluctuate relative to the commodities market. There 
is a trend in the coal market toward commodity market behavior due to 
deregulation/privatization of the utility industry.
    8. Transportation. Coal and minerals are transported to processing 
facilities and ultimately to the marketplace for those commodities. 
Railroads, ore boats, conveyor belt lines and trucking are used 
extensively. Aircraft may be used to transport others. In remote mines, 
transportation is provided to fly mine staff in and out of the 
property. Transportation of all equipment and resources to explore, 
develop, operate, service and reclaim a mine are also key 
considerations.
    9. Reclamation. The modern mining industry is held accountable for 
protection of the environment. In most developed countries, reclamation 
is an integral and ongoing aspect of the mine plan of operation and 
independent laboratories administer tests to assure compliance. 
Consultants provide guidance. Environmental specialists work to meet 
all permitting requirements during mining operations and reclamation.
    10. Recycling. Many mining companies have active recycling 
operations. Steel and lead in particular are successfully recovered at 
plants designed specifically for those purposes.

[[Page 15875]]

    11. Engineering. Design of the equipment and infrastructure to 
explore, extract, process and transport minerals along with the design 
of mine plans which utilize this equipment optimally is an extremely 
challenge task. The history of mining in the world is that the easiest 
reserves are always mined first. Future mining will include more 
difficult mining conditions, lower quality minerals/ores and more 
stringent regulatory requirements. In part, this will be accomplished 
successfully with improvements in engineering design/approaches.
    Service Summary--The mining industry is supported by a wide variety 
of equipment and service suppliers including: mining equipment and 
consumables, processing equipment, support equipment and maintenance 
services, mining subcontractors, chemicals and explosives, technical 
support services, engineering services, environmental services, MIS 
services, human resources and infrastructure, international trading and 
governments, power generation and infrastructure.

BILLING CODE 7020-02-P

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BILLING CODE 7020-02-P

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                                    Illustrative List of Environment Services                                   
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Div.                            Sub.                           Title                      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54..............................................  ...........  Construction Services.                           
                                                        54342  Septic system installation services.             
                                                        54650  Insulation services.                             
61..............................................  ...........  Wholesale trade Services.                        
62..............................................  ...........  Retail Trade Services.                           
                                                        ***76  Cleaning materials.                              
                                                        ***87  Other industry specific machinery and equipment  
                                                                and related operating supplies.                 
                                                        ***89  Other machinery and equipment n.e.c.             
                                                        ***95  Waste & scrap & other material for recycling.    
64..............................................  ...........  Land Transportation Services under various modes,
                                                                e.g., by rail, road.                            
65..............................................  ...........  Water Transportation Services and under various  
                                                                modes, e.g., by sea.                            
                                                        65219  Other coastal & transoceanic water transport of  
                                                                freight.                                        
                                                        65229  Other inland water transport services of freight.
69..............................................  ...........  Various Distribution Services.                   
                                                        69210  Water, except steam & hot water, distribution    
                                                                services through mains.                         
81..............................................  ...........  Research & Development Services.                 
                                                        81130  Research & Development Services in engineering   
                                                                and technology.                                 
                                                        81190  Research & Development Services in other natural 
                                                                sciences.                                       
                                                        81300  Interdisciplinary research & experimental        
                                                                development services.                           
83..............................................  ...........  Other Professional, Scientific and Technical     
                                                                services.                                       
                                                        83131  Environment consulting services.                 
                                                        83399  Other engineering services, other projects.      
                                                        83520  Subsurface surveying services.                   
                                                        83530  Surface surveying services.                      
                                                        83561  Composition & purity testing & analysis services.
86..............................................  ...........  Production services, on a fee or contract basis. 
                                                        86222  Services incidental to water supply.             
                                                        86590  Installation services of other goods.            
                                                        86931  Metal waste & scrap recycling services.          
                                                        86932  Non-metal waste & scrap recycling services.      
87..............................................  ...........  Maintenance & Repair Services.                   
                                                        87159  Maintenance & repair services of machinery &     
                                                                equipment n.e.c.                                
94..............................................  ...........  Sewage & Refuse Disposal, Sanitation & Other     
                                                                Environmental Protection Services.              
                                                        94110  Sewage treatment services.                       
                                                        94120  Tank emptying & cleaning services.               
                                                        94211  Non-hazardous waste collection services.         
                                                        94212  Non-hazardous waste treatment & disposal         
                                                                services.                                       
                                                        94221  Hazardous waste collection services.             
                                                        94222  Hazardous waste treatment & disposal services.   
                                                        94310  Sweeping & snow removal services.                
                                                        94390  Other Sanitation services.                       
                                                        94900  Other environmental protection services.         
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Based on the Draft Central Product Classification (CPC) (Services Par; Sections 5-9) Version 1.0.               
Notes:                                                                                                          
1. This list is not comprehensive, but illustrative                                                             
2. CPC Version 1.0 provides further details on subclasses, i.e., short lists of services included and sometimes 
  services excluded with cross-references to other parts of CPC Version 1.0.                                    
3. This list is adapted from the document passed out by the Canadian Delegation at the APEC meetings in Penang  
  in February 1998.                                                                                             

[FR Doc. 98-8530 Filed 3-31-98; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7020-02-P