[Federal Register Volume 62, Number 179 (Tuesday, September 16, 1997)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 48456-48471] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 97-24524] [[Page 48456]] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service 7 CFR Parts 201 and 361 [Docket No. 93-126-5] RIN 0579-AA64 Imported Seed and Screenings AGENCY: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA. ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: We are amending the ``Imported Seed'' regulations by moving the regulations to a different chapter in the Code of Federal Regulations; establishing a seed analysis program with Canada; and allowing U.S. companies that import seed for cleaning or screenings for processing to enter into compliance agreements with the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. These changes are being made to reflect recent amendments to the Federal Seed Act and the transfer of responsibility for the import provisions of the act from the Agricultural Marketing Service to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. These changes will bring the imported seed regulations into agreement with the amended Federal Seed Act, eliminate the need for sampling shipments of Canadian-origin seed at the border, and allow certain seed importers to clean seed without the direct monitoring of an Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service inspector. EFFECTIVE DATE: October 16, 1997. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Polly Lehtonen, Botanist, Biological Assessment and Taxonomic Support, PPQ, APHIS, 4700 River Road Unit 133, Riverdale, MD 20737-1236, (301) 734-8896. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background Under the authority of the Federal Seed Act of 1939, as amended (FSA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) regulates the importation and interstate movement of certain agricultural and vegetable seed and screenings. Title III of the FSA, ``Foreign Commerce,'' requires shipments of imported agricultural and vegetable seed to be labeled correctly and to be tested for the presence of the seeds of certain noxious weeds as a condition of entry into the United States. The USDA's regulations implementing the provisions of the FSA are found at 7 CFR part 201; the regulations implementing the foreign commerce provisions of the FSA are found in Secs. 201.101 through 201.230 (referred to below as the regulations). The responsibility for inspection of imported seeds under Title III of the FSA was transferred from the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) by a final rule amending the delegations of authority from the Secretary of Agriculture that was published in the Federal Register on September 22, 1982 (47 FR 41725), and effective October 1, 1982. In a proposed rule published in the Federal Register on October 4, 1996 (61 FR 51791-51810, Docket No. 93-126-4), we proposed to revise the regulations to reflect amendments to the FSA and the transfer of regulatory authority for Title III of the FSA from AMS to APHIS. To reflect that change in authority, we proposed to move the regulations from 7 CFR chapter I, which is one of the chapters in which AMS regulations appear, to 7 CFR chapter III, where APHIS' plant-related regulations appear. As part of that proposed move, we also proposed to update the regulations to reflect amendments to the FSA and make nonsubstantive editorial changes to the arrangement and wording of the regulatory text to improve its clarity. We also announced that we would host a public hearing on November 21, 1996, to provide interested persons with an opportunity to present their views regarding the proposed rule. We solicited comments concerning the proposed rule for 60 days ending December 3, 1996. We received five comments by that date. The November 21, 1996, hearing was held as scheduled, but no members of the public attended to present comments (although one of the five comments mentioned above was included in the record of the public hearing at the request of the person who submitted the comment). The comments we received were from U.S. and Canadian seed analysts associations, a seed trade association, and two State departments of agriculture. Although all of the commenters offered support for the proposed rule, each of them offered suggestions or sought clarification regarding the changes proposed in the proposed rule. Those comments are discussed below. Change in Responsible Canadian Agency On April 1, 1997, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, a public agency reporting to Canada's Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food, was established. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency's responsibilities include plant health activities conducted at the Federal level, including the seed analysis and laboratory accreditation activities we had attributed to Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in the proposed rule. Therefore, for accuracy, we will refer to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, rather than to Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, throughout this document. We have also updated the regulations in Sec. 371.7(a) to reflect that change. Discussion of Comments Comment: The proposed regulations refer to an ``official seed analyst,'' which is defined as a ``registered member of the Association of Official Seed Analysts'' (AOSA). The AOSA does not have a category of ``registered member,'' and the voting category of membership in AOSA is entitled ``official laboratory.'' Therefore, the term ``official seed laboratory,'' which would be defined as an official laboratory member of AOSA, should be used instead of ``official seed analyst.'' Response: We agree with the commenter and have made the suggested changes. Specifically, we have changed the definition in Sec. 361.1 of ``official seed analyst'' to ``official seed laboratory'' with the suggested definition, and we have changed a reference in Sec. 361.8(a)(1) from ``official seed analyst'' to ``official seed laboratory.'' Comment: Members of the Commercial Seed Analysts Association of Canada (CSAAC) should be given the same recognition as the registered seed technologists and official seed analysts mentioned in the proposed rule. Response: The role of the registered seed technologist and official seed analyst (now official seed laboratory, as noted above) in the proposed regulations and in this final rule is limited to analyzing representative samples of seed cleaned in the United States under a compliance agreement as set forth in Sec. 361.8(a)(1). While it is likely that members of CSAAC are working in laboratories associated with or accredited by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency and will, thus, be involved in the analysis and certification of seed in Canada under Sec. 361.7, we do not foresee that they would be involved in the analysis of seed after it has been imported into the United States and cleaned. For that reason, we do not believe it is necessary to explicitly mention CSAAC or its members in the regulations. Therefore, we have made no changes in this final rule based on that comment. [[Page 48457]] Comment: The noxious weed seed tolerances set out in Sec. 361.6(b) are too lenient. As it is currently written, the discovery of two seeds in an initial examination triggers a second examination; if two or fewer seeds are found in the second examination, the lot of seed may be imported. Such a tolerance would allow approximately 100 noxious weed seeds per 50 lb. bag for a crop seed the size of wheat. The discovery of even one or two seeds in a second examination serves only to confirm that prohibited noxious weed seeds are present in the lot of seed. The regulations should be changed to require a second examination upon the discovery of a single noxious weed seed; if the second examination yields one or more noxious weed seeds, then the lot of seed should be refused entry. Response: The tolerances established under the FSA are consistent with those of the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA) and the Association of American Seed Control Officials' ``Recommended Uniform State Seed Law'' (RUSSL), as amended in July 1996. The RUSSL recommends that State seed laws recognize the tolerances in AOSA's ``Rules for Testing Seeds.'' Also, within the framework of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the North American Free Trade Agreement, a quarantine action such as that recommended by the commenter, i.e. prohibiting all weed seeds with no tolerances, is not appropriate for pests that are widespread in the importing country. All of the weeds for which we allow tolerances are already established and widespread in the United States. Therefore, we have made no changes in this final rule based on that comment. Comment: The list of noxious weeds in Sec. 361.6 does not include many species of weeds that are prohibited in many States. This could result in a State having to accept an imported lot of seed that contains weed seeds that are prohibited by that State but not by regulations. The list of noxious weeds in Sec. 361.6 should be expanded to include noxious weed seed prohibited by States. Response: The commenter is correct in noting that many States prohibit weeds that are not included on the list of noxious weeds in Sec. 361.6; it is also true, however, that the list in Sec. 361.6 is more restrictive than the noxious weed lists maintained by some other States. Generally speaking, the weeds found in the list in Sec. 361.6 are those weeds prohibited most often by individual States. Any State may inspect seed shipments sold within its borders and can issue a ``stop sale'' if a State inspector finds weeds on the State's prohibited list. Further, the AMS' regulations in 7 CFR 201.50 recognize each States' prohibited weed list in enforcing the interstate provisions of the FSA. Because individual States have the authority to prevent the sale within their borders of seed containing weed seeds prohibited under State regulations, we do not believe it is necessary to amend the imported seed regulations to reflect the noxious weed lists of all the States. We have, therefore, made no changes in this final rule based on that comment. Comment: As set forth in the proposed rule, the regulations in Sec. 361.7 are unclear as to who in Canada will be doing the sampling of seed intended for export to the United States. Sampling must be performed by persons trained in proper sampling and who are in no way biased as to test outcome. Response: The sampling in Canada will be performed in the manner seen as necessary by the commenter. Seed samples drawn in Canada pursuant to the regulations in Sec. 361.7 will be analyzed by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency or by a private seed laboratory accredited by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency, and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency has informed APHIS that it will require those laboratories testing seed for export to the United States to test only ``officially recognized samples'' as defined by the Canada Seeds Regulations. Thus, the seed will have to be drawn according to recognized methods by an accredited grader, a person licensed to operate an approved conditioner, or a person accredited by an official certifying agency to sample seed. Comment: APHIS should require sampling for seed imported for feeding purposes. Seed screenings are often used as a component of feed and may contain a high percentage of viable noxious weed seeds. There should be limitations on viable noxious weed seeds in feed and some measure of sampling or monitoring. Response: As we noted in the proposed rule with regard to screenings, the process usually used to produce animal feed--i.e., an extrusion process that includes heating and pelletizing--is sufficient to devitalize any live seed, which reduces to an insignificant level any risk that the feed would contain any viable noxious weed seeds. We do not, therefore, believe that it is necessary to require sampling or monitoring for imported seed declared for feeding purposes. Comment: When seed intended for planting purposes is imported and found to be adulterated with noxious weed seeds, the regulations would allow the seed to enter the United States if the importer withdraws the original declaration and files a new declaration stating that the seed is being imported for feeding or manufacturing purposes. How can APHIS be sure that the importer will not use the seed for planting purposes once it reaches its final destination in the United States? Response: There are avenues that an importer can pursue to render adulterated seed fit for planting purposes and penalties in place to discourage the type of action envisioned by the commenter. If a lot of seed is deemed to be adulterated, the importer of the seed would have the option of sending the seed to a seed-cleaning facility. After the noxious weed seeds are removed, the importer could sell the seed for planting purposes. When an importer instead chooses to file a new declaration for the seed, that new declaration must include a statement that no part of the seed will be used for planting purposes, and the importer will be bound to abide by the new declaration. Under Sec. 304 of the FSA (7 U.S.C. 1586), it is unlawful for any person to sell or offer for sale any seed or screenings for seeding (planting) purposes if the seed or screenings were imported for other than seeding (planting) purposes. Any seed sold, delivered for transportation in interstate commerce, or transported in interstate or foreign commerce in violation of any of the provisions of the FSA would, under Sec. 405 of the FSA (7 U.S.C. 1595), be subject to seizure. Further, Sec. 406 of the FSA (7 U.S.C. 1596) provides that any person who knowingly violates any provision of the FSA or the regulations shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall pay a fine of $1,000 for the first offense and a fine of not more than $2,000 for each subsequent offense. In addition, if the importer intends to sell the adulterated seed for planting purposes but files a new declaration stating that the seed is to be used for feed or manufacturing purposes merely to secure the release of the seed, the importer could be subject to the provisions of 18 U.S.C. 1001, which provides, in part, that ``Whoever, in any matter within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States knowingly and willfully * * * makes any false, fictitious or fraudulent statements or representations, or makes or uses any false writing or document knowing the same to contain any false, fictitious or fraudulent statement or entry, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.'' [[Page 48458]] Comment: Section 361.3 contains references to seed treated with mercurials. Is it not the case that mercurial seed treatments were banned several years ago? Response: With regard to the treatment of seeds with mercurials or similarly toxic substances, the scope of the FSA and the regulations is limited to requiring that such treated seed be properly labeled. Those labeling requirements, as noted by the commenter, are contained in Sec. 361.3 of the regulations. However, because mercurials are harmful to humans and vertebrate animals, they would be covered under the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) regulations in 16 CFR 2.25(b), which state, in part, that the FDA ``will regard as adulterated any interstate shipment of the food seeds wheat, corn, oats, rye, barley, and sorghum bearing a poisonous treatment in excess of a recognized tolerance or treatment for which no tolerance or exemption from tolerance is recognized in regulations promulgated pursuant to section 408 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, unless such seeds have been adequately denatured by a suitable color to prevent their subsequent inadvertent use as food for man or feed for animals.'' Thus, seeds deemed adulterated by the FDA would be subject to appropriate action by the FDA under its authority. Comment: Will APHIS monitor the Canadian seed testing laboratories that analyze the seed to be exported to the United States? What actions will be taken if APHIS finds that one of those Canadian laboratories is conducting incorrect or incomplete analyses on seed to be exported to the United States? Response: APHIS will take samples of Canadian-origin seed for monitoring purposes. If our test results do not agree with those of the Canadian seed-testing laboratory that analyzed the seed, we will notify the Canadian Food Inspection Agency of the discrepancy and cooperate with the Canadian Food Inspection Agency in its investigation of the cause of the discrepancy. If sampling or laboratory errors are found to have occurred, corrective action will be initiated by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Further, APHIS will increase its monitoring of seed shipments that have been analyzed by the laboratory in question. Comment: Section 361.9 of the proposed rule states that seed importers must retain a seed sample from each lot of imported seed for at least 1 year. This requirement is too burdensome and should be eliminated; such samples will not assist in the tracing or monitoring of potential problems. In addition, it has traditionally been the role of the seed exporter to maintain samples of seed from each lot shipped. Response: As we noted in the proposed rule, seed companies must already retain records and samples to comply with the AMS' regulations promulgated under the interstate provisions of the FSA, so we do not believe that the recordkeeping requirements of this rule place an additional burden on those companies. Further, even if exporters retain samples from lots of seed shipped to this country, only the importer's sample can be relied upon to accurately reflect the content of the seed lot that was actually received in the United States. Therefore, we continue to believe that it is necessary for importers to retain a seed sample to provide a reference that would help APHIS to trace the source of potential problems and monitor the efficacy of noxious weed examinations and cleaning. Other Changes We have made a change to the wording of the introductory text of paragraph (a) in Sec. 361.4, ``Inspection at the port of first arrival.'' In the proposed rule, that paragraph stated that all agricultural seed, vegetable seed, and screenings offered for entry into the United States shall be ``subject to inspection'' at the port of first arrival. Because the phrase ``subject to inspection'' does not accurately represent what must occur at the port of first arrival prior to seed and screenings, or any other agricultural commodity, being released for entry into the United States, we have changed that paragraph to make it clear that the seed or screenings must be made available for examination by an inspector and must remain at the port of first arrival until released by an inspector. Similarly, we have changed those sections of the regulations that refer to an APHIS inspector's ``supervision'' of certain activities, i.e., the destruction or cleaning of seed, the correction of the labeling on a lot of seed, the removal of seed from containers, and the enforcement of compliance agreements. To state that an APHIS inspector will ``supervise'' such activities may imply that the inspector is in a position of authority over the persons conducting such activities and is, therefore, responsible for all issues associated with the conduct of those activities, even issues unrelated to the inspector's authority such as worker safety or compliance with labor laws. The actual role of an APHIS inspector in such situations is to ensure that the requirements of APHIS' regulations are being satisfied; therefore, we have replaced references to ``supervision'' with references to ``monitoring'' to more clearly represent the role of APHIS inspectors participating in activities conducted in connection with the regulations. Therefore, based on the rationale set forth in the proposed rule and in this document, we are adopting the provisions of the proposal as a final rule with the changes discussed in this document. Executive Order 12866 and Regulatory Flexibility Act This rule has been reviewed under Executive Order 12866. The rule has been determined to be not significant for purposes of Executive Order 12866 and, therefore, has not been reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget. We are amending the ``Imported Seed'' regulations by moving the regulations to a different chapter in the Code of Federal Regulations, establishing a seed analysis program with Canada, and allowing U.S. companies that import seed for cleaning or screenings for processing to enter into compliance agreements with APHIS. With these changes, the regulations will reflect recent amendments to the FSA and the transfer of responsibility for the import provisions of the act from AMS to APHIS, eliminate the need for sampling shipments of Canadian-origin seed at the border, and allow certain seed importers to clean seed with monitoring by an APHIS inspector. No economic impact will result from shifting the regulations to a different chapter in the Code of Federal Regulations. However, the elimination of the requirement that shipments of Canadian-origin seed be sampled at the border will result in savings to APHIS. This rule will require that all shipments of Canadian-origin agricultural or vegetable seed be accompanied by a certificate of analysis issued by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency or by a private seed laboratory accredited by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency; that certificate of analysis precludes the need for sampling and testing those shipments of Canadian-origin seed. The certificate of analysis will confirm the seed shipment meets the noxious weed tolerances and labeling requirements of the FSA and the regulations. Therefore, APHIS will no longer have to rely on U.S. Customs Service inspectors at the Canadian border to draw samples from shipments of imported seed and mail the seed samples to APHIS'' Seed Examination Facility (SEF) in Beltsville, MD, for testing. Under the provisions of this rule, the cost of the analysis and [[Page 48459]] subsequent certification will be borne by the owner or exporter of the seed, so there will be a reduction in the sampling and testing costs currently borne by APHIS. We estimate that APHIS will save over $103,000 annually in salary and related expenditures associated with the testing of Canadian-origin seed. Imports of field and garden seeds from Canada represent 80 percent of total U.S. seed imports; from 1992 to 1994, imports of the regulated agricultural and vegetable seeds from Canada into the United States averaged 107,270 tons per year, with an average value of $63.059 million. From fiscal year 1989 to fiscal year 1993, the number of seed shipments sampled increased from 2,451 to 3,615 shipments per year, an increase of 47.5 percent; over the same period, SEF tested an average of 2,907 seed samples per year. In fiscal years 1994 and 1995, approximately 5,000 Canadian seed samples were tested. Only 3 percent of Canadian seed shipments were refused admission for noxious weed content. This final rule's requirement that Canadian-origin seed be certified prior to import into the United States will eliminate the need for the routine testing of Canadian-origin seed and thus eliminate the costs associated with that testing. Without the certificate requirement, the SEF botanist spent approximately 90 percent of his time testing Canadian-origin seed for noxious weed seeds, while his assistant spent about 50 percent of his time on this task. In terms of salaries and benefits, the costs associated with the SEF's testing of Canadian seed are estimated to exceed $100,000 annually. With the certificate requirement for Canadian seed in place, the time and costs spent on testing Canadian seed may be shifted into the SEF's other areas of responsibility. This rule will also result in savings in salary for the time spent by APHIS or State inspectors monitoring the cleaning of seed lots refused admission due to noxious weed seed content. In fiscal year 1995, 61 seed shipments were refused entry due to noxious weed seed content above tolerances. An inspector spends an average of about 4 hours monitoring the cleaning of each refused shipment. The savings in the inspector's monitoring time in this activity is estimated as $1,262. This rule also allows companies that import uncleaned seed for reconditioning and resale to enter into a compliance agreement with APHIS, which will likely yield a savings to APHIS in inspection time since only periodic inspections of these companies will be necessary to ensure compliance with the conditions of the agreement. In fiscal year 1995, two companies in Idaho imported a total of 48 lots of seed that required cleaning; APHIS employed a contractor to monitor the cleaning of those adulterated seed lots. A company operating under a compliance agreement will not require monitoring for every lot of seed imported for cleaning, so we expect there will be an estimated $1,664 annual savings in salary and benefits as a result of seed-cleaning companies entering into compliance agreements with APHIS. In total, we expect an estimated annual reduction of approximately $103,000 in the costs associated with the sampling and testing of Canadian origin seed and the monitoring of seed cleaning. This rule is expected to impact exporters of Canadian-origin seed, the majority of which--over 95 percent--are Canadian businesses. The cost of obtaining a certificate of analysis from a Canadian government or private laboratory is estimated to range from $13.00 to $58.00 per lot, depending on the type of seed to be analyzed, or an average of $35 per lot. The cost is the same regardless of the size of the lot, which can range from 50 to 50,000 pounds. Based upon fiscal year 1995 figures, there are approximately 6,000 seed shipments per year from Canada that will require certification as a condition of importation into the United States. For the majority of shipments, the cost of the certification does not represent an additional expense because much of the seed is likely to have been tested anyway to meet the requirements of the exporting company's contracts with its importing customers. Nevertheless, the cost of a certificate is small in comparison to the average value of a seed shipment (which is typically worth thousands of dollars) and will not, therefore, impose a significant economic burden on Canadian seed exporters, large or small. For this reason, any cost that is passed on to U.S. buyers of Canadian seed is likewise estimated to be small. Less than 2 percent of the Canadian seed imported into the United States is imported through transactions between Canadian seed exporters and individual U.S. farms. (Individual farms located near the U.S.- Canadian border typically import small amounts of Canadian seed to be used directly on farms.) While the exact number of these entities is not known, it is expected that the impact to these individuals will be small because seed sold in such small quantities is, in almost all cases, already analyzed and certified prior to its entry into the United States. Under these circumstances, the Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service has determined that this action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. Executive Order 12988 This rule has been reviewed under Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform. This rule: (1) Preempts all State and local laws and regulations that are inconsistent with this rule; (2) has no retroactive effect; and (3) does not require administrative proceedings before parties may file suit in court challenging this rule. Paperwork Reduction Act In accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.), the information collection or recordkeeping requirements included in this proposed rule have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under OMB control number 0579-0124. Regulatory Reform This action is part of the President's Regulatory Reform Initiative, which, among other things, directs agencies to remove obsolete and unnecessary regulations and to find less burdensome ways to achieve regulatory goals. List of Subjects 7 CFR Part 201 Advertising, Agricultural commodities, Imports, Labeling, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Seeds, Vegetables. 7 CFR Part 361 Agricultural commodities, Imports, Labeling, Quarantine, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Seeds, Vegetables, Weeds. Accordingly, title 7, chapters I and III, of the Code of Federal Regulations are amended as follows: PART 201--FEDERAL SEED ACT REGULATIONS 1. The authority citation for part 201 continues to read as follows: Authority: 7 U.S.C. 1592. Sec. 201.38 [Amended] 2. Section 201.38 is amended by removing the words ``Secs. 201.208 and 201.209'' and adding the words ``Sec. 361.4 of this title'' in their place. [[Page 48460]] Secs. 201.101 through 201.230 [Removed] 3. In 7 CFR part 201, Secs. 201.101 through 201.230 are removed. 4. A new 7 CFR part 361 is added to read as follows: PART 361--IMPORTATION OF SEED AND SCREENINGS UNDER THE FEDERAL SEED ACT Sec. 361.1 Definitions. 361.2 General restrictions on the importation of seed and screenings. 361.3 Declarations and labeling. 361.4 Inspection at the port of first arrival. 361.5 Sampling of seeds. 361.6 Noxious weed seeds. 361.7 Special provisions for Canadian-origin seed and screenings. 361.8 Cleaning of imported seed and processing of certain Canadian- origin screenings. 361.9 Recordkeeping. 361.10 Costs and charges. Authority: 7 U.S.C. 1581-1610; 7 CFR 2.22, 2.80, and 371.2(c). Sec. 361.1 Definitions. Terms used in the singular form in this part shall be construed as the plural, and vice versa, as the case may demand. The following terms, when used in this part, shall be construed, respectively, to mean: Administrator. The Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, or any other individual to whom the Administrator delegates authority to act in his or her stead. Agricultural seed. The following kinds and varieties of grass, forage, and field crop seed that are used for seeding purposes in the United States: Agrotricum--x Agrotriticum Ciferri and Giacom. Alfalfa--Medicago sativa L. Alfilaria--Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Her. Alyceclover--Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC. Bahiagrass--Paspalum notatum Fluegge Barley--Hordeum vulgare L. Barrelclover--Medicago truncatula Gaertn. Bean, adzuki--Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi and Ohashi Bean, field--Phaseolus vulgaris L. Bean, mung--Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek Beet, field--Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris Beet, sugar--Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris Beggarweed, Florida--Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC. Bentgrass, colonial--Agrostis capillaris L. Bentgrass, creeping--Agrostis stolonifera L. var. palustris (Huds.) Farw. Bentgrass, velvet--Agrostis canina L. Bermudagrass--Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. dactylon Bermudagrass, giant--Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. aridus Harlan and de Wet Bluegrass, annual--Poa annua L. Bluegrass, bulbous--Poa bulbosa L. Bluegrass, Canada--Poa compressa L. Bluegrass, glaucantha--Poa glauca Vahl Bluegrass, Kentucky--Poa pratensis L. Bluegrass, Nevada--Poa secunda J.S. Presl Bluegrass, rough--Poa trivialis L. Bluegrass, Texas--Poa arachnifera Torr. Bluegrass, wood--Poa nemoralis L. Bluejoint--Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) P. Beauv. Bluestem, big--Andropogon gerardii Vitm. var. gerardii Bluestem, little--Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash Bluestem, sand--Andropogon hallii Hack. Bluestem, yellow--Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng Bottlebrush-squirreltail--Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey Brome, field--Bromus arvensis L. Brome, meadow--Bromus biebersteinii Roem. and Schult. Brome, mountain--Bromus marginatus Steud. Brome, smooth--Bromus inermis Leyss. Broomcorn--Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Buckwheat--Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Buffalograss--Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm. Buffelgrass--Cenchrus ciliaris L. Burclover, California--Medicago polymorpha L. Burclover, spotted--Medicago arabica (L.) Huds. Burnet, little--Sanguisorba minor Scop. Buttonclover--Medicago orbicularis (L.) Bartal. Canarygrass--Phalaris canariensis L. Canarygrass, reed--Phalaris arundinacea L. Carpetgrass--Axonopus fissifolius (Raddi) Kuhlm. Castorbean--Ricinus communis L. Chess, soft--Bromus hordeaceus L. Chickpea--Cicer arietinum L. Clover, alsike--Trifolium hybridum L. Clover, arrowleaf--Trifolium vesiculosum Savi Clover, berseem--Trifolium alexandrinum L. Clover, cluster--Trifolium glomeratum L. Clover, crimson--Trifolium incarnatum L. Clover, Kenya--Trifolium semipilosum Fresen. Clover, ladino--Trifolium repens L. Clover, lappa--Trifolium lappaceum L. Clover, large hop--Trifolium campestre Schreb. Clover, Persian--Trifolium resupinatum L. Clover, red or Red clover, mammoth--Trifolium pratense L. Red clover, medium--Trifolium pratense L. Clover, rose--Trifolium hirtum All. Clover, small hop or suckling--Trifolium dubium Sibth. Clover, strawberry--Trifolium fragiferum L. Clover, sub or subterranean--Trifolium subterraneum L. Clover, white--Trifolium repens L. (also see Clover, ladino) Clover--(also see Alyceclover, Burclover, Buttonclover, Sourclover, Sweetclover) Corn, field--Zea mays L. Corn, pop--Zea mays L. Cotton--Gossypium spp. Cowpea--Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. unguiculata Crambe--Crambe abyssinica R.E. Fries Crested dogtail--Cynosurus cristatus L. Crotalaria, lance--Crotalaria lanceolata E. Mey. Crotalaria, showy--Crotalaria spectabilis Roth Crotalaria, slenderleaf--Crotalaria brevidens Benth. var. intermedia (Kotschy) Polh. Crotalaria, striped or smooth--Crotalaria pallida Ait. Crotalaria, sunn--Crotalaria juncea L. Crownvetch--Coronilla varia L. Dallisgrass--Paspalum dilatatum Poir. Dichondra--Dichondra repens Forst. and Forst. f. Dropseed, sand--Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) A. Gray Emmer--Triticum dicoccon Schrank Fescue, chewings--Festuca rubra L. subsp. commutata Gaud. Fescue, hair--Festuca tenuifolia Sibth. Fescue, hard--Festuca brevipila Tracey Fescue, meadow--Festuca pratensis Huds. Fescue, red--Festuca rubra L. subsp. rubra Fescue, sheep--Festuca ovina L. var. ovina Fescue, tall--Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Flax--Linum usitatissimum L. Galletagrass--Hilaria jamesii (Torr.) Benth. Grama, blue--Bouteloua gracilis (Kunth) Steud. Grama, side-oats--Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. Guar--Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. Guineagrass--Panicum maximum Jacq. var. maximum Hardinggrass--Phalaris stenoptera Hack. Hemp--Cannabis sativa L. Indiangrass, yellow--Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash Indigo, hairy--Indigofera hirsuta L. Japanese lawngrass--Zoysia japonica Steud. Johnsongrass--Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Kenaf--Hibiscus cannabinus L. Kochia, forage--Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad. Kudzu--Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen and S. Almeida Lentil--Lens culinaris Medik. Lespedeza, Korean--Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim.) Makino Lespedeza, sericea or Chinese--Lespedeza cuneata (Dum.-Cours.) G. Don Lespedeza, Siberian--Lespedeza juncea (L. f.) Pers. Lespedeza, striate--Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindler Lovegrass, sand--Eragrostis trichodes (Nutt.) Wood Lovegrass, weeping--Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees Lupine, blue--Lupinus angustifolius L. Lupine, white--Lupinus albus L. Lupine, yellow--Lupinus luteus L. Manilagrass--Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr. Meadow foxtail--Alopecurus pratensis L. Medic, black--Medicago lupulina L. Milkvetch or cicer milkvetch--Astragalus cicer L. Millet, browntop--Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf Millet, foxtail--Setaria italica (L.) Beauv. Millet, Japanese--Echinochloa frumentacea Link Millet, pearl--Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. Millet, proso--Panicum miliaceum L. Molassesgrass--Melinis minutiflora Beauv. Mustard, black--Brassica nigra (L.) Koch Mustard, India--Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. and Coss. [[Page 48461]] Mustard, white--Sinapis alba L. Napiergrass--Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. Needlegrass, green--Stipa viridula Trin. Oat--Avena byzantina C. Koch, A. sativa L., A. nuda L. Oatgrass, tall--Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J.S. Presl and K.B. Presl Orchardgrass--Dactylis glomerata L. Panicgrass, blue--Panicum antidotale Retz. Panicgrass, green--Panicum maximum Jacq. var. trichoglume Robyns Pea, field--Pisum sativum L. Peanut--Arachis hypogaea L. Poa trivialis--(see Bluegrass, rough) Rape, annual--Brassica napus L. var. annua Koch Rape, bird--Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa Rape, turnip--Brassica rapa L. subsp. silvestris (Lam.) Janchen Rape, winter--Brassica napus L. var. biennis (Schubl. and Mart.) Reichb. Redtop--Agrostis gigantea Roth Rescuegrass--Bromus catharticus Vahl Rhodesgrass--Chloris gayana Kunth Rice--Oryza sativa L. Ricegrass, Indian--Oryzopsis hymenoides (Roem. and Schult.) Ricker Roughpea--Lathyrus hirsutus L. Rye--Secale cereale L. Rye, mountain--Secale strictum (K.B. Presl) K.B. Presl subsp. strictum Ryegrass, annual or Italian--Lolium multiflorum Lam. Ryegrass, intermediate--Lolium x hybridum Hausskn. Ryegrass, perennial--Lolium perenne L. Ryegrass, Wimmera--Lolium rigidum Gaud. Safflower--Carthamus tinctorius L. Sagewort, Louisiana--Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. Sainfoin--Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. Saltbush, fourwing--Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt. Sesame--Sesamum indicum L. Sesbania--Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) A.W. Hill Smilo--Piptatherum miliaceum (L.) Coss. Sorghum--Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Sorghum almum--Sorghum x almum L. Parodi Sorghum-sudangrass--Sorghum x drummondii (Steud.) Millsp. and Chase Sorgrass--Rhizomatous derivatives of a johnsongrass x sorghum cross or a johnsongrass x sudangrass cross Southernpea--(See Cowpea) Sourclover--Melilotus indicus (L.) All. Soybean--Glycine max (L.) Merr. Spelt--Triticum spelta L. Sudangrass--Sorghum x drummondii (Steud.) Millsp. and Chase Sunflower--Helianthus annuus L. Sweetclover, white--Melilotus albus Medik. Sweetclover, yellow--Melilotus officinalis Lam. Sweet vernalgrass--Anthoxanthum odoratum L. Sweetvetch, northern--Hedysarum boreale Nutt. Switchgrass--Panicum virgatum L. Timothy--Phleum pratense L. Timothy, turf--Phleum bertolonii DC. Tobacco--Nicotiana tabacum L. Trefoil, big--Lotus uliginosus Schk. Trefoil, birdsfoot--Lotus corniculatus L. Triticale--x Triticosecale Wittm. (Secale x Triticum) Vaseygrass--Paspalum urvillei Steud. Veldtgrass--Ehrharta calycina J.E. Smith Velvetbean--Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. utilis (Wight) Burck Velvetgrass--Holcus lanatus L. Vetch, common--Vicia sativa L. subsp. sativa Vetch, hairy--Vicia villosa Roth subsp. villosa Vetch, Hungarian--Vicia pannonica Crantz Vetch, monantha--Vicia articulata Hornem. Vetch, narrowleaf or blackpod--Vicia sativa L. subsp. nigra (L.) Ehrh. Vetch, purple--Vicia benghalensis L. Vetch, woollypod or winter--Vicia villosa Roth subsp. varia (Host) Corb. Wheat, common--Triticum aestivum L. Wheat, club--Triticum compactum Host Wheat, durum--Triticum durum Desf. Wheat, Polish--Triticum polonicum L. Wheat, poulard--Triticum turgidum L. Wheat x Agrotricum--Triticum x Agrotriticum Wheatgrass, beardless--Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) A. Love Wheatgrass, crested or fairway crested--Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. Wheatgrass, crested or standard crested--Agropyron desertorum (Link) Schult. Wheatgrass, intermediate--Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski subsp. intermedia Wheatgrass, pubescent--Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski subsp. intermedia Wheatgrass, Siberian--Agropyron fragile (Roth) Candargy subsp. sibiricum (Willd.) Meld. Wheatgrass, slender--Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Shinn. Wheatgrass, streambank--Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. and J.G. Smith) Gould subsp. lanceolatus Wheatgrass, tall--Elytrigia elongata (Host) Nevski Wheatgrass, western--Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Love Wildrye, basin--Leymus cinereus (Scribn. and Merr.) A. Love Wildrye, Canada--Elymus canadensis L. Wildrye, Russian--Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski Zoysia japonica--(see Japanese lawngrass) Zoysia matrella--(see Manilagrass) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. APHIS inspector. Any employee of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service or any other individual authorized by the Administrator to enforce this part. Coated Seed. Any seed unit covered with any substance that changes the size, shape, or weight of the original seed. Seeds coated with ingredients such as, but not limited to, rhizobia, dyes, and pesticides are excluded. Declaration. A written statement of a grower, shipper, processor, dealer, or importer giving for any lot of seed the kind, variety, type, origin, or the use for which the seed is intended. Hybrid. When applied to kinds or varieties of seed means the first generation seed of a cross produced by controlling the pollination and by combining two or more inbred lines; one inbred or a single cross with an open-pollinated variety; or two selected clones, seed lines, varieties, or species. ``Controlling the pollination'' means to use a method of hybridization that will produce pure seed that is at least 75 percent hybrid seed. Hybrid designations shall be treated as variety names. Import/importation. To bring into the territorial limits of the United States. Kind. One or more related species or subspecies that singly or collectively is known by one common name, e.g., soybean, flax, or carrot. Lot of seed. A definite quantity of seed identified by a lot number, every portion or bag of which is uniform, within permitted tolerances, for the factors that appear in the labeling. Mixture. Seeds consisting of more than one kind or variety, each present in excess of 5 percent of the whole. Official seed laboratory. An official laboratory member of the Association of Official Seed Analysts. Pelleted seed. Any seed unit covered with a substance that changes the size, shape, or weight of the original seed in order to improve the plantability or singulation of the seed. Person. Any individual, partnership, corporation, company, society, association, receiver, trustee, or other legal entity or organized group. Port of first arrival. The land area (such as a seaport, airport, or land border station) where a person, or a land, water, or air vehicle, first arrives after entering the territorial limits of the United States, and where inspection of articles is carried out by APHIS inspectors. Registered seed technologist. A registered member of the Society of Commercial Seed Technologists. Screenings. Chaff, sterile florets, immature seed, weed seed, inert matter, and any other materials removed in any way from any seeds in any kind of cleaning or processing and which contains less than 25 percent of live agricultural or vegetable seeds. State. Any State, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and any other territory or possession of the United States. United States. All of the States. Variety. A subdivision of a kind which is characterized by growth, plant, fruit, seed, or other characteristics by which it can be differentiated from other sorts of the same kind. [[Page 48462]] Vegetable seed. The seed of the following kinds and varieties that are or may be grown in gardens or on truck farms and are or may be generally known and sold under the name of vegetable seed: Artichoke--Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. cardunculus Asparagus--Asparagus officinalis Baker Asparagusbean or yard-long bean--Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc. Bean, garden--Phaseolus vulgaris L. Bean, lima--Phaseolus lunatus L. Bean, runner or scarlet runner--Phaseolus coccineus L. Beet--Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris Broadbean--Vicia faba L. Broccoli--Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L. Brussels sprouts--Brassica oleracea L. var. gemmifera DC. Burdock, great--Arctium lappa L. Cabbage--Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L. Cabbage, Chinese--Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis (Lour.) Hanelt Cabbage, tronchuda--Brassica oleracea L. var. costata DC. Cantaloupe--(see Melon) Cardoon--Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. cardunculus Carrot--Daucus carota L. subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Arcang. Cauliflower--Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L. Celeriac--Apium graveolens L. var. rapaceum (Mill.) Gaud. Celery--Apium graveolens L. var. dulce (Mill.) Pers. Chard, Swiss--Beta vulgaris L. subsp. cicla (L.) Koch Chicory--Cichorium intybus L. Chives--Allium schoenoprasum L. Citron--Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai var. citroides (Bailey) Mansf. Collards--Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC. Corn, sweet--Zea mays L. Cornsalad--Valerianella locusta (L.) Laterrade Cowpea--Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. unguiculata Cress, garden--Lepidium sativum L. Cress, upland--Barbarea verna (Mill.) Asch. Cress, water--Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek Cucumber--Cucumis sativus L. Dandelion--Taraxacum officinale Wigg. Dill--Anethum graveolens L. Eggplant--Solanum melongena L. Endive--Cichorium endivia L. Gherkin, West India--Cucumis anguria L. Kale--Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC. Kale, Chinese--Brassica oleracea L. var. alboglabra (Bailey) Musil Kale, Siberian--Brassica napus L. var. pabularia (DC.) Reichb. Kohlrabi--Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes L. Leek--Allium porrum L. Lettuce--Lactuca sativa L. Melon--Cucumis melo L. Muskmelon--(see Melon). Mustard, India--Brassica juncea (L.) Czernj. and Coss. Mustard, spinach--Brassica perviridis (Bailey) Bailey Okra--Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench Onion--Allium cepa L. Onion, Welsh--Allium fistulosum L. Pak-choi--Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis (L.) Hanelt Parsley--Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) A.W. Hill Parsnip--Pastinaca sativa L. Pea--Pisum sativum L. Pepper--Capsicum spp. Pe-tsai--(see Chinese cabbage). Pumpkin--Cucurbita pepo L., C. moschata (Duchesne) Poiret, and C. maxima Duchesne Radish--Raphanus sativus L. Rhubarb--Rheum rhabarbarum L. Rutabaga--Brassica napus L. var. napobrassica (L.) Reichb. Sage--Salvia officinalis L. Salsify--Tragopogon porrifolius L. Savory, summer--Satureja hortensis L. Sorrel--Rumex acetosa L. Southernpea--(see Cowpea). Soybean--Glycine max (L.) Merr. Spinach--Spinacia oleracea L. Spinach, New Zealand--Tetragonia tetragonioides (Pall.) Ktze. Squash--Cucurbita pepo L., C. moschata (Duchesne) Poiret, and C. maxima Duchesne Tomato--Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Tomato, husk--Physalis pubescens L. Turnip--Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa Watermelon--Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai var. lanatus Sec. 361.2 General restrictions on the importation of seed and screenings. (a) No person shall import any agricultural seed, vegetable seed, or screenings into the United States unless the importation is in compliance with this part. (b) Any agricultural seed, vegetable seed, or screenings imported into the United States not in compliance with this part shall be subject to exportation, destruction, disposal, or any remedial measures that the Administrator determines are necessary to prevent the dissemination into the United States of noxious weeds. (c) Except as provided in Sec. 361.7(b), coated or pelleted seed may enter the United States only if each lot of seed is accompanied by an officially drawn and sealed sample of seed drawn from the lot before the seed was coated or pelleted. The sample must be drawn in a manner consistent with that described in Sec. 361.5 of this part. (d) Except as provided in Secs. 361.4(a)(3) and 361.7(c), screenings of all agricultural seed and vegetable seed are prohibited entry into the United States. Sec. 361.3 Declarations and labeling. (a) All lots of agricultural seed, vegetable seed, and screenings imported into the United States must be accompanied by a declaration from the importer of the seed or screenings. The declaration must state the kind, variety, and origin of each lot of seed or screenings and the use for which the seed or screenings are being imported. (b) Each container of agricultural seed and vegetable seed imported into the United States for seeding (planting) purposes must be labeled to indicate the identification code or designation for the lot of seed; the name of each kind or kind and variety of agricultural seed or the name of each kind and variety of vegetable seed present in the lot in excess of 5 percent of the whole; and the designation ``hybrid'' when the lot contains hybrid seed. Kind and variety names used on the label shall conform to the kind and variety names used in the definitions of ``agricultural seed'' and ``vegetable seed'' in Sec. 361.1. If any seed in the lot has been treated, each container must be further labeled, in type no smaller than 8 point, as follows: (1) The label must indicate that the seed has been treated and provide the name of the substance or process used to treat the seed. Substance names used on the label shall be the commonly accepted coined, chemical (generic), or abbreviated chemical name. (i) Commonly accepted coined names are commonly recognized as names of particular substances, e.g., thiram, captan, lindane, and dichlone. (ii) Examples of commonly accepted chemical (generic) names are blue-stone, calcium carbonate, cuprous oxide, zinc hydroxide, hexachlorobenzene, and ethyl mercury acetate. The terms ``mercury'' or ``mercurial'' may be used in labeling all types of mercurials. (iii) Examples of commonly accepted abbreviated chemical names are BHC (1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane) and DDT (dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane). (2) If the seed has been treated with a mercurial or similarly toxic substance harmful to humans and vertebrate animals, the label must include a representation of a skull and crossbones and a statement indicating that the seed has been treated with poison. The skull and crossbones must be at least twice the size of the type used for the information provided on the label, and the poison warning statement must be written in red letters on a background of distinctly contrasting color. Mercurials and similarly toxic substances include the following: Aldrin, technical Demeton Dieldrin p-Dimethylaminobenzenediazo sodium sulfonate Endrin [[Page 48463]] Ethion Heptachlor Mercurials, all types Parathion Phorate Toxaphene O-O-Diethyl-O-(isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl) thiophosphate O,O-Diethyl-S-2-(ethylthio) ethyl phosphorodithioate (3) If the seed has been treated with a substance other than one classified as a mercurial or similarly toxic substance under paragraph (b)(2) of this section, and the amount remaining with the seed is harmful to humans or other vertebrate animals, the label must indicate that the seed is not to be used for food, feed, or oil purposes. Any amount of any substance used to treat the seed that remains with the seed will be considered harmful when the seed is in containers of more than 4 ounces, except that the following substances will not be deemed harmful when present at a rate less than the number of parts per million (p/m) indicated: Allethrin--2 p/m Malathion--8 p/m Methoxyclor--2 p/m Piperonyl butoxide--20 p/m (8 p/m on oat and sorghum) Pyrethrins--3 p/m (1 p/m on oat and sorghum) (c) In the case of seed in bulk, the information required under paragraph (b) of this section shall appear in the invoice or other records accompanying and pertaining to such seed. If the seed is in containers and in quantities of 20,000 pounds or more, regardless of the number of lots included, the information required on each container under paragraph (b) of this section need not be shown on each container if each container has stenciled upon it or bears a label containing a lot designation and the invoice or other records accompanying and pertaining to such seed bear the various statements required for the respective seeds. (d) Each container of agricultural seed and vegetable seed imported into the United States for cleaning need not be labeled to show the information required under paragraph (b) of this section if: (1) The seed is in bulk; (2) The seed is in containers and in quantities of 20,000 pounds or more, regardless of the number of lots involved, and the invoice or other records accompanying and pertaining to the seed show that the seed is for cleaning; or (3) The seed is in containers and in quantities of less than 20,000 pounds, and each container carries a label that bears the words ``Seed for cleaning.'' Sec. 361.4 Inspection at the port of first arrival. (a) All agricultural seed, vegetable seed, and screenings imported into the United States shall be made available for examination by an APHIS inspector at the port of first arrival and shall remain at the port of first arrival until released by an APHIS inspector. Lots of agricultural seed, vegetable seed, or screenings may enter the United States without meeting the sampling requirements of paragraph (b) of this section if the lot is: (1) Seed that is not being imported for seeding (planting) purposes and the declaration required by Sec. 361.3(a) states the purpose for which the seed is being imported; (2) Seed that is being shipped in bond through the United States; (3) Screenings from seeds of wheat, oats, barley, rye, buckwheat, field corn, sorghum, broomcorn, flax, millet, proso, soybeans, cowpeas, field peas, or field beans that are not being imported for seeding (planting) purposes and the declaration accompanying the screenings as required under Sec. 361.2(a) indicates that the screenings are being imported for processing or manufacturing purposes; (4) Seed that is being imported for sowing for experimental or breeding purposes, is not for sale, is limited in quantity to the amount indicated in column 3 of table 1 of Sec. 361.5, and is accompanied by a declaration stating the purpose for which it is being imported (seed imported for increase purposes only will not be considered as being imported for experimental or breeding purposes); or (5) Seed that was grown in the United States, exported, and is now returning to the United States, provided that the person importing the seed into the United States furnishes APHIS with the following documentation: (i) Export documents indicating the quantity of seed and number of containers, the date of exportation from the United States, the distinguishing marks on the containers at the time of exportation, and the name and address of the United States exporter; (ii) A document issued by a Customs or other government official of the country to which the seed was exported indicating that the seed was not admitted into the commerce of that country; and (iii) A document issued by a Customs or other government official of the country to which the seed was exported indicating that the seed was not commingled with other seed after being exported to that country. (b) Except as provided in Secs. 361.5(a)(2) and 361.7, samples will be taken from all agricultural seed and vegetable seed imported into the United States for seeding (planting) purposes prior to being released into the commerce of the United States. (1) Samples of seed will be taken from each lot of seed in accordance with Sec. 361.5 to determine whether any seeds of noxious weeds listed in Sec. 361.6(a) are present. If seeds of noxious weeds are present at a level higher than the tolerances set forth in Sec. 361.6(b), the lot of seed will be deemed to be adulterated and will be rejected for entry into the United States for seeding (planting) purposes. Once deemed adulterated, the lot of seed must be: (i) Exported from the United States; (ii) Destroyed under the monitoring of an APHIS inspector; (iii) Cleaned under APHIS monitoring at a seed-cleaning facility that is operated in accordance with Sec. 361.8(a); or (iv) If the lot of seed is adulterated with the seeds of a noxious weed listed in Sec. 361.6(a)(2), the seed may be allowed entry into the United States for feeding or manufacturing purposes, provided the importer withdraws the original declaration and files a new declaration stating that the seed is being imported for feeding or manufacturing purposes and that no part of the seed will be used for seeding (planting) purposes. (2) Seed deemed adulterated may not be mixed with any other seed unless the Administrator determines that two or more lots of seed deemed adulterated are of substantially the same quality and origin. In such cases, the Administrator may allow the adulterated lots of seed to be mixed for cleaning as provided in paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section. (3) If the labeling of a lot of seed is false or misleading in any respect, the seed will be rejected for entry into the United States. A falsely labeled lot of seed must be: (i) Exported from the United States; (ii) Destroyed under the monitoring of an APHIS inspector; or (iii) The seed may be allowed entry into the United States if the labeling is corrected under the monitoring of an APHIS inspector to accurately reflect the character of the lot of seed. Sec. 361.5 Sampling of seeds. (a) Sample sizes. As provided in Sec. 361.4(b), samples of seed will be taken from each lot of seed being imported for seeding (planting) purposes to determine whether any seeds of noxious weeds listed in Sec. 361.6(a) are present. The samples shall be drawn in the manner described in paragraphs (b) and [[Page 48464]] (c) of this section. Unused portions of samples of rare or expensive seeds will be returned by APHIS upon request of the importer. (1) A minimum sample of not less than 1 quart shall be drawn from each lot of agricultural seed; a minimum sample of not less than 1 pint shall be drawn from each lot of vegetable seed, except that a sample of \1/4\ pint will be sufficient for a vegetable seed importation of 5 pounds or less. The minimum sample shall be divided repeatedly until a working sample of proper weight has been obtained. If a mechanical divider cannot be used or is not available, the sample shall be thoroughly mixed, then placed in a pile; the pile shall be divided repeatedly into halves until a working sample of the proper weight remains. The weights of the working samples for noxious weed examination for each lot of seed are shown in column 1 of table 1 of this section. If the lot of seed is a mixture, the following methods shall be used to determine the weight of the working sample: (i) If the lot of seed is a mixture consisting of one predominant kind of seed or a group of kinds of similar size, the weight of the working sample shall be the weight shown in column 1 of table 1 of this section for the kind or group of kinds that comprises more than 50 percent of the sample. (ii) If the lot of seed is a mixture consisting of two or more kinds or groups of kinds of different sizes, none of which comprises over 50 percent of the sample, the weight of the working sample shall be the weighted average (to the nearest half gram) of the weight shown in column 1 of table 1 of this section for each of the kinds that comprise the sample, as determined by the following method: (A) Multiply the percentage of each component of the mixture (rounded off to the nearest whole number) by the sample sizes shown in column 1 of table 1 of this section; (B) add all these products; (C) total the percentages of all components of the mixtures; and (D) divide the sum in paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(B) of this section by the total in paragraph (a)(1)(ii)(C) of this section. (2) It is not ordinarily practical to sample and test small lots of seed offered for entry. The maximum sizes of lots of each kind of seed not ordinarily sampled are shown in column 2 of table 1 of this section. (3) The maximum sizes of lots of each kind of seed allowed entry without sampling for sowing for experimental or breeding purposes as provided in Sec. 361.4(a)(4) are shown in column 3 of table 1 of this section. Table 1 Maximum weight of seed lot Working weight Maximum weight of permitted entry for noxious weed seed lot not for experimental Name of seed examination ordinarily or breeding (grams) sampled (pounds) purposes without sampling (pounds) (1) (2) (3) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VEGETABLE SEED: Artichoke.......................................... 500 25 50 Asparagus.......................................... 500 25 50 Asparagusbean...................................... 500 25 50 Bean............................................... 25 200 Garden......................................... 500 100 500 Lima........................................... 500 25 200 Runner......................................... 500 25 200 Beet............................................... 300 25 50 Broadbean.......................................... 500 25 200 Broccoli........................................... 50 5 10 Brussels sprouts................................... 50 5 10 Burdock, great..................................... 150 10 50 Cabbage............................................ 50 5 10 Cabbage, Chinese................................... 50 5 10 Cabbage, tronchuda................................. 100 5 10 Cantaloupe (see Melon)............................. Cardoon............................................ 500 25 50 Carrot............................................. 50 5 10 Cauliflower........................................ 50 5 10 Celeriac........................................... 25 5 10 Celery............................................. 25 5 10 Chard, Swiss....................................... 300 25 50 Chicory............................................ 50 5 10 Chives............................................. 50 5 10 Citron............................................. 500 25 50 Collards........................................... 50 5 10 Corn, sweet........................................ 500 25 200 Cornsalad.......................................... 50 5 10 Cowpea............................................. 500 25 200 Cress, garden...................................... 50 5 10 Cress, upland...................................... 35 5 10 Cress, water....................................... 25 5 10 Cucumber........................................... 500 25 50 Dandelion.......................................... 35 5 10 Dill............................................... 50 5 10 Eggplant........................................... 50 5 10 Endive............................................. 50 5 10 [[Page 48465]] Gherkin, West India................................ 160 25 50 Kale............................................... 50 5 10 Kale, Chinese...................................... 50 5 10 Kale, Siberian..................................... 80 5 10 Kohlrabi........................................... 50 5 10 Leek............................................... 50 5 10 Lettuce............................................ 50 5 10 Melon.............................................. 500 25 50 Mustard, India..................................... 50 25 100 Mustard, spinach................................... 50 5 10 Okra............................................... 500 25 50 Onion.............................................. 50 5 10 Onion, Welsh....................................... 50 5 10 Pak-choi........................................... 50 5 10 Parsley............................................ 50 5 10 Parsnip............................................ 50 5 10 Pea................................................ 500 25 200 Pepper............................................. 150 5 10 Pumpkin............................................ 500 25 50 Radish............................................. 300 25 50 Rhubarb............................................ 300 5 10 Rutabaga........................................... 50 5 10 Sage............................................... 150 25 50 Salsify............................................ 300 25 50 Savory, summer..................................... 35 5 10 Sorrel............................................. 35 5 10 Soybean............................................ 500 25 200 Spinach............................................ 150 25 50 Spinach, New Zealand............................... 500 25 50 Squash............................................. 500 25 50 Tomato............................................. 50 5 10 Tomato, husk....................................... 35 5 10 Turnip............................................. 50 5 10 Watermelon......................................... 500 25 50 AGRICULTURAL SEED: Agrotricum......................................... 500 100 500 Alfalfa............................................ 50 25 100 Alfilaria.......................................... 50 25 100 Alyceclover........................................ 50 25 100 Bahiagrass......................................... 50 25 100 Barrelclover....................................... 100 25 100 Barley............................................. 500 100 500 Bean, adzuki....................................... 500 100 500 Bean, field........................................ 500 100 500 Bean, mung......................................... 500 100 500 Bean (see Velvetbean).............................. Beet, field........................................ 500 100 500 Beet, sugar........................................ 500 100 1,000 Beggarweed......................................... 50 25 100 Bentgrass, colonial................................ 2.5 25 100 Bentgrass, creeping................................ 2.5 25 100 Bentgrass, velvet.................................. 2.5 25 100 Bermudagrass....................................... 10 25 100 Bermudagrass, giant................................ 10 25 100 Bluegrass, annual.................................. 10 25 100 Bluegrass, bulbous................................. 40 25 100 Bluegrass, Canada.................................. 5 25 100 Bluegrass, glaucantha.............................. 10 25 100 Bluegrass, Kentucky................................ 10 25 100 Bluegrass, Nevada.................................. 10 25 100 Bluegrass, rough................................... 5 25 100 Bluegrass, Texas................................... 10 25 100 Bluegrass, wood.................................... 5 25 100 Bluejoint.......................................... 5 25 100 [[Page 48466]] Bluestem, big...................................... 70 25 100 Bluestem, little................................... 50 25 100 Bluestem, sand..................................... 100 25 100 Bluestem, yellow................................... 10 25 100 Bottlebrush-squirreltail........................... 90 25 100 Brome, field....................................... 50 25 100 Brome, meadow...................................... 130 25 100 Brome, mountain.................................... 200 25 100 Brome, smooth...................................... 70 25 100 Broomcorn.......................................... 400 100 500 Buckwheat.......................................... 500 100 500 Buffalograss: (Burs)......................................... 200 25 100 (Caryopses).................................... 30 25 100 Buffelgrass: (Fascicles).................................... 66 25 100 (Caryopses).................................... 20 25 100 Burclover, California: (In bur)....................................... 500 100 500 (Out of bur)................................... 70 25 100 Burclover, spotted: (In bur)....................................... 500 100 500 (Out of bur)................................... 50 25 100 Burnet, little..................................... 250 25 100 Buttonclover....................................... 70 25 100 Canarygrass........................................ 200 25 100 Canarygrass, reed.................................. 20 25 100 Carpetgrass........................................ 10 25 100 Castorbean......................................... 500 100 500 Chess, soft........................................ 50 25 100 Chickpea........................................... 500 100 500 Clover, alsike..................................... 20 25 100 Clover, arrowleaf.................................. 40 25 100 Clover, berseem.................................... 50 25 100 Clover, cluster.................................... 10 25 100 Clover, crimson.................................... 100 25 100 Clover, Kenya...................................... 20 25 100 Clover, Ladino..................................... 20 25 100 Clover, Lappa...................................... 20 25 100 Clover, large hop.................................. 10 25 100 Clover, Persian.................................... 20 25 100 Clover, red........................................ 50 25 100 Clover, rose....................................... 70 25 100 Clover, small hop (suckling)....................... 20 25 100 Clover, strawberry................................. 50 25 100 Clover, sub (subterranean)......................... 250 25 100 Clover, white...................................... 20 25 100 Corn, field........................................ 500 100 1,000 Corn, pop.......................................... 500 100 1,000 Cotton............................................. 500 100 500 Cowpea............................................. 500 100 500 Crambe............................................. 250 25 100 Crested dogtail.................................... 20 25 100 Crotalaria, lance.................................. 70 25 100 Crotalaria, showy.................................. 250 25 100 Crotalaria, slenderleaf............................ 100 25 100 Crotalaria, striped................................ 100 25 100 Crotalaria, Sunn................................... 500 25 100 Crownvetch......................................... 100 25 100 Dallisgrass........................................ 40 25 100 Dichondra.......................................... 50 25 100 Dropseed, sand..................................... 2.5 25 100 Emmer.............................................. 500 100 500 Fescue, Chewings................................... 30 25 100 Fescue, hair....................................... 10 25 100 [[Page 48467]] Fescue, hard....................................... 20 25 100 Fescue, meadow..................................... 50 25 100 Fescue, red........................................ 30 25 100 Fescue, sheep...................................... 20 25 100 Fescue, tall....................................... 50 25 100 Flax............................................... 150 25 100 Galletagrass: (Other than caryopses)......................... 100 25 100 (Caryopses).................................... 50 25 100 Grama, blue........................................ 20 25 100 Grama, side-oats: (Other than caryopses)......................... 60 25 100 (Caryopses).................................... 20 25 100 Guar............................................... 500 25 100 Guineagrass........................................ 20 25 100 Hardinggrass....................................... 30 25 100 Hemp............................................... 500 100 500 Indiangrass, yellow................................ 70 25 100 Indigo, hairy...................................... 70 25 100 Japanese lawngrass................................. 20 25 100 Johnsongrass....................................... 100 25 100 Kenaf.............................................. 500 100 500 Kochia, forage..................................... 20 25 100 Kudzu.............................................. 250 25 100 Lentil............................................. 500 25 100 Lespedeza, Korean.................................. 50 25 100 Lespedeza, sericea or Chinese...................... 30 25 100 Lespedeza, Siberian................................ 30 25 100 Lespedeza, striate................................. 50 25 100 Lovegrass, sand.................................... 10 25 100 Lovegrass, weeping................................. 10 25 100 Lupine, blue....................................... 500 100 500 Lupine, white...................................... 500 100 500 Lupine, yellow..................................... 500 100 500 Manilagrass........................................ 20 25 100 Meadow foxtail..................................... 30 25 100 Medick, black...................................... 50 25 100 Milkvetch.......................................... 90 25 100 Millet, browntop................................... 80 25 100 Millet, foxtail.................................... 50 25 100 Millet, Japanese................................... 90 25 100 Millet, pearl...................................... 150 25 100 Millet, proso...................................... 150 25 100 Molassesgrass...................................... 5 25 100 Mustard, black..................................... 20 25 100 Mustard, India..................................... 50 25 100 Mustard, white..................................... 150 25 100 Napiergrass........................................ 50 25 100 Needlegrass, green................................. 70 25 100 Oat................................................ 500 100 500 Oatgrass, tall..................................... 60 25 100 Orchardgrass....................................... 30 25 100 Panicgrass, blue................................... 20 25 100 Panicgrass, green.................................. 20 25 100 Pea, field......................................... 500 100 500 Peanut............................................. 500 100 500 Poa trivialis (see bluegrass, rough) Rape, annual....................................... 70 25 100 Rape, bird......................................... 70 25 100 Rape, turnip....................................... 50 25 100 Rape, winter....................................... 100 25 100 Redtop............................................. 2.5 25 100 Rescuegrass........................................ 200 25 100 Rhodesgrass........................................ 10 25 100 Rice............................................... 500 100 500 [[Page 48468]] Ricegrass, Indian.................................. 70 25 100 Roughpea........................................... 500 100 500 Rye................................................ 500 100 500 Rye, mountain...................................... 280 25 100 Ryegrass, annual................................... 50 25 100 Ryegrass, intermediate............................. 80 25 100 Ryegrass, perennial................................ 50 25 100 Ryegrass, Wimmera.................................. 50 25 100 Safflower.......................................... 500 100 500 Sagewort, Louisiana................................ 5 25 100 Sainfoin........................................... 500 100 500 Saltbush, fourwing................................. 150 25 100 Seasame............................................ 70 25 100 Sesbania........................................... 250 25 100 Smilo.............................................. 20 25 100 Sorghum............................................ 500 100 1,000 Sorghum almum...................................... 150 25 100 Sorghum-sudangrass hybrid.......................... 500 100 1,000 Sorgrass........................................... 150 25 100 Sourclover......................................... 50 25 100 Soybean............................................ 500 100 500 Spelt.............................................. 500 100 500 Sudangrass......................................... 250 25 100 Sunflower.......................................... 500 100 500 Sweetclover, white................................. 50 25 100 Sweetclover, yellow................................ 50 25 100 Sweet vernalgrass.................................. 20 25 100 Sweetvetch, northern............................... 190 25 100 Switchgrass........................................ 40 25 100 Timothy............................................ 10 25 100 Timothy, turf...................................... 10 25 100 Tobacco............................................ 5 1 1 Trefoil, big....................................... 20 25 100 Trefoil, birdsfoot................................. 30 25 100 Triticale.......................................... 500 100 500 Vaseygrass......................................... 30 25 100 Veldtgrass......................................... 40 25 100 Velvetbean......................................... 500 100 500 Velvetgrass........................................ 10 25 100 Vetch, common...................................... 500 100 500 Vetch, hairy....................................... 500 100 500 Vetch, Hungarian................................... 500 100 500 Vetch, Monantha.................................... 500 100 500 Vetch, narrowleaf.................................. 500 100 500 Vetch, purple...................................... 500 100 500 Vetch, woolypod.................................... 500 100 500 Wheat, common...................................... 500 100 500 Wheat, club........................................ 500 100 500 Wheat, durum....................................... 500 100 500 Wheat, Polish...................................... 500 100 500 Wheat, poulard..................................... 500 100 500 Wheat x Agrotricum................................. 500 100 500 Wheatgrass, beardless.............................. 80 25 100 Wheatgrass, fairway crested........................ 40 25 100 Wheatgrass, standard crested....................... 50 25 100 Wheatgrass, intermediate........................... 150 25 100 Wheatgrass, pubescent.............................. 150 25 100 Wheatgrass, Siberian............................... 50 25 100 Wheatgrass, slender................................ 70 25 100 Wheatgrass, streambank............................. 50 25 100 Wheatgrass, tall................................... 150 25 100 Wheatgrass, western................................ 100 25 100 Wildrye, basin..................................... 80 25 100 Wild-rye, Canada................................... 110 25 100 Wild-rye, Russian.................................. 60 25 100 [[Page 48469]] Zoysia Japonica (see Japanese lawngrass) Zoysia matrella (see Manilagrass) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (b) Method of sampling. (1) When an importation consists of more than one lot, each lot shall be sampled separately. (2) For lots of six or fewer bags, each bag shall be sampled. A total of at least five trierfuls shall be taken from the lot. (3) For lots of more than six bags, five bags plus at least 10 percent of the number of bags in the lot shall be sampled. (Round off numbers with decimals to the nearest whole number, raising 0.5 to the next whole number.) Regardless of the lot size, it is not necessary to sample more than 30 bags. (4) When the lot of seed to be sampled is comprised of seed in small containers that cannot practically be sampled as described in paragraph (b)(2) or (b)(3) of this section, entire unopened containers may be taken in sufficient number to supply a sample that meets the minimum size requirements of paragraph (a)(1) of this section. (c) Drawing samples. Samples will not be drawn unless each container is labeled to show the lot designation and the name of the kind and variety of each agricultural seed, or kind and variety of each vegetable seed, appearing on the invoice and other entry papers, and a declaration has been filed by the importer as required under Sec. 361.2(a). In order to secure a representative sample, an APHIS inspector will draw equal portions from evenly distributed parts of the quantity of seed to be sampled; the APHIS inspector, therefore, must be given access to all parts of that quantity. (1) For free-flowing seed in bags or in bulk, a probe or trier shall be used. For small free-flowing seed in bags, a probe or trier long enough to sample all portions of the bag shall be used. When drawing more than one trierful of seed from a bag, a different path through the seed shall be used when drawing each sample. (2) For non-free-flowing seed in bags or bulk that may be difficult to sample with a probe or trier, samples shall be obtained by thrusting one's hand into the seed and withdrawing representative portions. The hand shall be inserted in an open position with the fingers held closely together while the hand is being inserted and the portion withdrawn. When more than one handful is taken from a bag, the handfuls shall be taken from well-separated points. (3) When more than one sample is drawn from a single lot, the samples may be combined into a composite sample unless it appears that the quantity of seed represented as a lot is not of uniform quality, in which case the separate samples shall be forwarded together, but without being combined into a composite sample. (d) In most cases, samples will be drawn and examined by an APHIS inspector at the port of first arrival. The APHIS inspector may release a shipment if no contaminants are found and the labeling is sufficient. If contaminants are found or the labeling of the seed is insufficient, the APHIS inspector may forward the sample to the USDA Seed Examination Facility (SEF), Beltsville, MD, for analysis, testing, or examination. APHIS will notify the owner or consignee of the seed that samples have been drawn and forwarded to the SEF and that the shipment must be held intact pending a decision by APHIS as to whether the seed is within the noxious weed seed tolerances of Sec. 361.6 and is accurately labeled. If the decision pending is with regard to the noxious weed seed content of the seed and the seed has been determined to be accurately labeled, the seed may be released for delivery to the owner or consignee under the following conditions: (1) The owner or consignee executes with Customs either a Customs single-entry bond or a Customs term bond, as appropriate, in such amount as is prescribed by applicable Customs regulations; (2) The bond must contain a condition for the redelivery of the seed or any part thereof upon demand of the Port Director of Customs at any time; (3) Until the seed is approved for entry upon completion of APHIS' examination, the seed must be kept intact and not tampered with in any way, or removed from the containers except under the monitoring of an APHIS inspector; and (4) The owner or consignee must keep APHIS informed as to the location of the seed until it is finally entered into the commerce of the United States. Sec. 361.6 Noxious weed seeds. (a) Seeds of the plants listed in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section shall be considered noxious weed seeds. (1) Seeds with no tolerances applicable to their introduction: Aeginetia spp. Ageratina adenophora (Sprengel) King & Robinson Alectra spp. Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Brown ex de Candolle Asphodelus fistulosus L. Avena sterilis L. (including Avena ludoviciana Durieu) Azolla pinnata R. Brown Borreria alata (Aublet) de Candolle Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieberstein Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retzius) Trinius Commelina benghalensis L. Crupina vulgaris Cassini Cuscuta spp. Digitaria abyssinica (=D. scalarum) Digitaria velutina (Forsskal) Palisot de Beauvois Drymaria arenarioides Humboldt & Bonpland ex Roemer & Schultes Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth Emex australis Steinheil Emex spinosa (L.) Campdera Galega officinalis L. Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier Hydrilla verticillata (Linnaeus f.) Royle Hygrophila polysperma T. Anderson Imperata brasiliensis Trinius Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeuschel Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal Ipomoea triloba L. Ischaemum rugosum Salisbury Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume Lycium ferocissimum Miers Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) Blake Melastoma malabathricum L. Mikania cordata (Burman f.) B. L. Robinson [[Page 48470]] Mikania micrantha Humboldt, Bonpland, & Kunth Mimosa invisa Martius Mimosa pigra L. var. pigra Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms-Laubach Monochoria vaginalis (Burman f.) C. Presl Nassella trichotoma (Nees) Hackel ex Arechavaleta Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley Orobanche spp. Oryza longistaminata A. Chevalier & Roehrich Oryza punctata Kotschy ex Steudel Oryza rufipogon Griffith Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers. Paspalum scrobiculatum L. Pennisetum clandestinum Hochstetter ex Chiovenda Pennisetum macrourum Trinius Pennisetum pedicellatum Trinius Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schultes Prosopis alapataco R. A. Philippi Prosopis argentina Burkart Prosopis articulata S. Watson Prosopis burkartii Munoz Prosopis caldenia Burkart Prosopis calingastana Burkart Prosopis campestris Grisebach Prosopis castellanosii Burkart Prosopis denudans Bentham Prosopis elata (Burkart) Burkart Prosopis farcta (Solander ex Russell) Macbride Prosopis ferox Grisebach Prosopis fiebrigii Harms Prosopis hassleri Harms Prosopis humilis Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott Prosopis kuntzei Harms Prosopis pallida (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow) Humboldt, Bonpland, & Kunth Prosopis palmeri S. Watson Prosopis reptans Bentham var. reptans Prosopis rojasiana Burkart Prosopis ruizlealii Burkart Prosopis ruscifolia Grisebach Prosopis sericantha Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott Prosopis strombulifera (Lamarck) Bentham Prosopis torquata (Cavanilles ex Lagasca y Segura) de Candolle Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Clayon (=R. exaltata (L.) L. f.) Rubus fruticosus L. (complex) Rubus moluccanus L. Saccharum spontaneum L. Sagittaria sagittifolia L. Salsola vermiculata L. Salvinia auriculata Aublet Salvinia biloba Raddi Salvinia herzogii de la Sota Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell Setaria pallide-fusca (Schumacher) Stapf & Hubbard Solanum torvum Swartz Solanum viarum Dunal Sparganium erectum L. Striga spp. Tridax procumbens L. Urochloa panicoides Beauvois (2) Seeds with tolerances applicable to their introduction: Acroptilon repens (L.) DC. (=Centaurea repens L.) (=Centaurea picris) Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. Cardaria pubescens (C. A. Mey.) Jarmol. Convolvulus arvensis L. Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. (=Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv.) Euphorbia esula L. Sonchus arvensis L. Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. (b) The tolerance applicable to the prohibition of the noxious weed seeds listed in paragraph (a)(2) of this section shall be two seeds in the minimum amount required to be examined as shown in column 1 of table 1 of Sec. 361.5. If fewer than two seeds are found in an initial examination, the shipment from which the sample was drawn may be entered. If two seeds are found in an initial examination, a second sample must be examined. If two or fewer seeds are found in the second examination, the shipment from which the samples were drawn may be entered. If three or more seeds are found in the second examination, the shipment from which the samples were drawn may not be entered. If three or more seeds are found in an initial examination, the shipment from which the sample was drawn may not be entered. (c) Any seed of any noxious weed that can be determined by visual inspection (including the use of transmitted light or dissection) to be within one of the following categories shall be considered inert matter and not counted as a weed seed: (1) Damaged seed (other than grasses) with over one half of the embryo missing; (2) Grass florets and caryopses classed as inert: (i) Glumes and empty florets of weedy grasses; (ii) Damaged caryopses, including free caryopses, with over one- half the root-shoot axis missing (the scutellum excluded); (iii) Immature free caryopses devoid of embryo or endosperm; (iv) Free caryopses of quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) that are 2 mm or less in length; or (v) Immature florets of quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) in which the caryopses are less than one-third the length of the palea. The caryopsis is measured from the base of the rachilla. (3) Seeds of legumes (Fabaceae) with the seed coats entirely removed. (4) Immature seed units, devoid of both embryo and endosperm, such as occur in (but not limited to) the following plant families: buckwheat (Polygonaceae), morning glory (Convolvulaceae), nightshade (Solanaceae), and sunflower (Asteraceae). (5) Dodder (Cuscuta spp.) seeds devoid of embryos and seeds that are ashy gray to creamy white in color are inert matter. Dodder seeds should be sectioned when necessary to determine if an embryo is present, as when the seeds have a normal color but are slightly swollen, dimpled, or have minute holes. Sec. 361.7 Special provisions for Canadian-origin seed and screenings. (a) In addition to meeting the declaration and labeling requirements of Sec. 361.2 and all other applicable provisions of this part, all Canadian-origin agricultural seed and Canadian-origin vegetable seed imported into the United States from Canada for seeding (planting) purposes or cleaning must be accompanied by a certificate of analysis issued by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency or by a private seed laboratory accredited by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Samples of seed shall be drawn using sampling methods comparable to those detailed in Sec. 361.5 of this part. The seed analyst who examines the seed at the laboratory must be accredited to analyze the kind of seed covered by the certificate. (1) If the seed is being imported for seeding (planting) purposes, the certificate of analysis must verify that the seed meets the noxious weed seed tolerances of Sec. 361.6. Such seed will not be subject to the sampling requirements of Sec. 361.3(b). (2) If the seed is being imported for cleaning, the certificate of analysis must name the kinds of noxious weed seeds that are to be removed from the lot of seed. Seed being imported for cleaning must be consigned to a facility operated in accordance with Sec. 361.8(a). (b) Coated or pelleted agricultural seed and coated or pelleted vegetable seed of Canadian origin may be imported into the United States if the seed was analyzed prior to being coated or pelleted and is accompanied by a certificate of analysis issued in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section. (c) Screenings otherwise prohibited under this part may be imported from Canada if the screenings are imported for processing or manufacture and are consigned to a facility operating under a compliance agreement as provided by Sec. 361.8(b). (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0579-0124) Sec. 361.8 Cleaning of imported seed and processing of certain Canadian-origin screenings. (a) Imported seed that is found to contain noxious weed seeds at a level higher than the tolerances set forth in Sec. 361.6(b) may be cleaned under the [[Page 48471]] monitoring of an APHIS inspector. The cleaning will be at the expense of the owner or consignee. (1) At the location where the seed is being cleaned, the identity of the seed must be maintained at all times to the satisfaction of the Administrator. The refuse from the cleaning must be placed in containers and securely sealed and identified. Upon completion of the cleaning, a representative sample of the seed will be analyzed by a registered seed technologist, an official seed laboratory, or by APHIS; if the seed is found to be within the noxious weed tolerances set forth in Sec. 361.6(b), the seed may be allowed entry into the United States; (2) The refuse from the cleaning must be destroyed under the monitoring of an APHIS inspector at the expense of the owner or consignee of the seed. (3) Any person engaged in the business of cleaning imported seed may enter into a compliance agreement under paragraph (c) of this section to facilitate the cleaning of seed imported into the United States under this part. (b) Any person engaged in the business of processing screenings who wishes to process screenings imported from Canada under Sec. 361.7(c) that are otherwise prohibited under this part must enter into a compliance agreement under paragraph (c) of this section. (c) A compliance agreement for the cleaning of imported seed or processing of otherwise prohibited screenings from Canada shall be a written agreement 1 between a person engaged in such a business, the State in which the business operates, and APHIS, wherein the person agrees to comply with the provisions of this part and any conditions imposed pursuant thereto. Any compliance agreement may be canceled orally or in writing by the APHIS inspector who is monitoring its enforcement whenever the inspector finds that the person who entered into the compliance agreement has failed to comply with the provisions of this part or any conditions imposed pursuant thereto. If the cancellation is oral, the decision and the reasons for the decision shall be confirmed in writing, as promptly as circumstances permit. Any person whose compliance agreement has been canceled may appeal the decision to the Administrator, in writing, within 10 days after receiving written notification of the cancellation. The appeal shall state all of the facts and reasons upon which the person relies to show that the compliance agreement was wrongfully canceled. The Administrator shall grant or deny the appeal, in writing, stating the reasons for such decision, as promptly as circumstances permit. If there is a conflict as to any material fact, a hearing shall be held to resolve such conflict. Rules of practice concerning such a hearing will be adopted by the Administrator. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Compliance Agreement forms are available without charge from Permit Unit, PPQ, APHIS, 4700 River Road Unit 136, Riverdale, MD 20737-1236, and from local offices of the Plant Protection and Quarantine. (Local offices are listed in telephone directories). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sec. 361.9 Recordkeeping. (a) Each person importing agricultural seed or vegetable seed under this part must maintain a complete record, including copies of the declaration and labeling required under this part and a sample of seed, for each lot of seed imported. Except for the seed sample, which may be discarded 1 year after the entire lot represented by the sample has been disposed of by the person who imported the seed, the records must be maintained for 3 years following the importation. (b) Each sample of vegetable seed and each sample of agricultural seed must be at least equal in weight to the sample size prescribed for noxious weed seed examination in table 1 of Sec. 361.5. (c) An APHIS inspector shall, during normal business hours, be allowed to inspect and copy the records. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 0579-0124) Sec. 361.10 Costs and charges. Unless a user fee is payable under Sec. 354.3 of this chapter, the services of an APHIS inspector during regularly assigned hours of duty and at the usual places of duty will be furnished without cost. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's provisions relating to overtime charges for an APHIS inspector's services are set forth in part 354 of this chapter. The U.S. Department of Agriculture will not be responsible for any costs or charges incident to inspections or compliance with this part, other than for the services of the APHIS inspector during regularly assigned hours of duty and at the usual places of duty. All expenses incurred by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (including travel, per diem or subsistence, and salaries of officers or employees of the Department) in connection with the monitoring of cleaning, labeling, other reconditioning, or destruction of seed, screenings, or refuse under this part shall be reimbursed by the owner or consignee of the seed or screenings. Done in Washington, DC, this 10th day of September 1997. Terry L. Medley, Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. [FR Doc. 97-24524 Filed 9-15-97; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3410-34-P