[Federal Register Volume 62, Number 73 (Wednesday, April 16, 1997)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 18696-18703]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 97-9867]



[[Page 18695]]

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Part IV





Environmental Protection Agency





_______________________________________________________________________



40 CFR Part 80



Fuels and Fuel Additives; Amendments to the Enforcement Exemptions for 
California Gasoline Refiners; Proposed Rule

  Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 73 / Wednesday, April 16, 1997 / 
Proposed Rules  

[[Page 18696]]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 80

[FRL-5812-2]


Fuels and Fuel Additives; Amendments to the Enforcement 
Exemptions for California Gasoline Refiners

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: In this action, EPA is proposing to amend certain requirements 
of the reformulated gasoline (RFG) regulations which are applicable to 
California gasoline refiners, importers and oxygenate blenders. These 
amendments will reduce the burden associated with the overlapping 
California and federal regulations of gasoline refiners and oxygenate 
blenders located in California and importers of California gasoline. 
The first proposed amendment would allow California gasoline refiners, 
importers, and oxygenate blenders to substitute the California RFG test 
methods for federal RFG test methods for their production of gasoline 
used in California and conventional gasoline used outside of 
California. The second proposed amendment would allow California 
gasoline refiners, importers and oxygenate blenders to retain the 
current exemption from various federal recordkeeping, reporting, and 
other enforcement-related provisions if they produce California RFG, 
using one of the California ``alternative'' certification methods and 
containing less oxygen than the federal RFG oxygen standard, if it is 
supplied to areas within California that are not required to receive 
federal RFG. The California gasoline refiners, importers and oxygenate 
blenders would conduct an annual gasoline quality survey for the 
federally-covered RFG areas of California to ensure the gasoline in 
each federally-covered RFG area is in compliance with the federal 
oxygen standard. The third proposed amendment would correct an omission 
in existing 40 CFR 80.81(e)(1). The fourth proposed amendment would 
permit a refiner of California gasoline to sample and test at off-site 
tankage that is approved by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) 
as part of the refiner's ``production facility'' if certain conditions 
are met. EPA believes that these proposed changes will grant refiners 
flexibility without any anticipated adverse environmental impact.

DATES: Comments on this proposed rule must be received by May 16, 1997. 
EPA does not plan to hold a public hearing on this proposed rule, 
unless one is requested. If a request by May 1, 1997, a public hearing 
will be held. If such a hearing is held, comments must be received 
within 30 days of the date of such hearing.

ADDRESSES: Written comments on this proposed action should be addressed 
to Public Docket No. A-97-06, Waterside Mall (Room M-1500), 
Environmental Protection Agency, Air Docket Section, 401 M Street, SW, 
Washington, D.C. 20460. Documents related to this rule have been placed 
in public dockets A-97-06 and may be inspected between the hours of 
8:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., Monday through Friday. A reasonable fee may be 
charged for copying docket material. Those wishing to notify EPA that 
they request an opportunity for a public hearing on this action should 
contact Anne-Marie C. Pastorkovich, U.S. Environmental Protection 
Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, (202) 233-9013.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Anne-Marie Cooney Pastorkovich, U.S. 
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, (202) 
233-9013.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Regulated Entities

    Regulated categories and entities potentially affected by this 
action include:

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              Category                  Examples of regulated entities  
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Industry............................  Refiners, importers and oxygenate 
                                       blenders in California.          
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    This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a 
guide for readers regarding entities likely to be regulated by this 
action. This table lists the types of entities that EPA is now aware 
could be potentially regulated by this action. Other types of entities 
not listed in the table could also be regulated. To determine whether 
an entity is regulated by this action, one should carefully examine the 
RFG provisions at 40 CFR part 80, particularly Sec. 80.81 dealing 
specifically with California gasoline. If you have questions regarding 
the applicability of this action to a particular entity, consult the 
person listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

II. Background

A. RFG Standards and California Covered Areas

    Section 211(k) of the Clean Air Act (the Act) requires EPA to 
establish requirements for reformulated gasoline (RFG) to be used in 
specified ozone nonattainment areas (federally-covered areas), as well 
as ``anti-dumping'' requirements for non-reformulated, or conventional, 
gasoline used in the rest of the country, beginning in January 1995. 
The RFG covered areas in California are Los Angeles and San Diego, and 
Sacramento. The Act requires that RFG reduce ozone forming volatile 
organic compound (VOC) and toxics emissions from motor vehicles, not 
increase emission of oxides of nitrogen (NOX), and meet certain 
content standards for oxygen, benzene and heavy metals. The relevant 
regulations for RFG and conventional gasoline may be found at 40 CFR 
part 80, subparts D, E, and F.1
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    \1\ See 59 FR 7812 (February 16, 1994).
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B. Exemptions Specifically Related to California Gasoline

    On September 18, 1992, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) 
adopted regulations requiring reformulation of California gasoline. The 
CARB regulations established a comprehensive set of gasoline 
specifications designed to achieve reductions in emissions of VOCs, 
NOX, carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide, and toxic air 
pollutants from gasoline-fueled vehicles.2 The CARB regulations 
set standards for eight gasoline parameters--sulfur, benzene, olefins, 
aromatic hydrocarbons, oxygen, Reid vapor pressure (RVP), and 
distillation temperatures for the 50 percent and 90 percent evaporation 
points (T-50 and T-90, respectively)--applicable starting March 1, 1996 
for all gasoline in the California distribution network (except for 
gasoline being exported from California). The CARB regulations also 
provide for the production and sale of alternative gasoline 
formulations, with certification under the CARB program based on a 
predictive model or vehicle emission testing.3
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    \2\ See Title 13, California Code of Regulations sections 2250-
2272 (as amended January 26, 1996).
    \3\ Id., sections 2265 and 2266.
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    During the federal RFG rulemaking, and in response to comments by 
California refiners, EPA concluded (1) that VOC and toxics emission 
reductions resulting from the California Phase 2 standards would be 
equal to or more stringent than the federal Phase I RFG standards 
(applicable from January

[[Page 18697]]

1, 1995 through December 31, 1999), (2) that the content standards for 
oxygen and benzene under California Phase 2 would in practice be 
equivalent to the federal content standards, and (3) that the CARB's 
compliance and enforcement program is designed to be sufficiently 
rigorous.4 As a result, 40 CFR 80.81 exempts certain refiners, 
importers and oxygenate blenders of California Phase 2 gasoline 
(hereafter referred to as ``refiners'') from a number of federal RFG 
and conventional gasoline provisions intended to demonstrate compliance 
with the federal standards.5 While the federal RFG and 
conventional gasoline standards continue to apply in California, 
refiners of gasoline sold in California are exempt in most cases from 
various enforcement-related provisions. California refiners are not 
exempt from these federal enforcement requirements with regard to 
gasoline that is delivered for use outside California, because the 
California Phase 2 standards and the CARB enforcement program do not 
cover gasoline exported from California.
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    \4\ See 59 FR 7758, 7759 (February 16, 1994).
    \5\ Specifically, the federal RFG regulations at Sec. 80.81 
provide that, subsequent to March 1, 1996 (the start of the 
California Phase 2 program), the specified parties are exempt from 
meeting the enforcement requirements dealing with: compliance 
surveys (Sec. 80.68), independent sampling and testing 
(Sec. 80.65(f)), designation of gasoline (Sec. 80.65(d)), marking of 
conventional gasoline (Secs. 80.65(g) and 80.82), downstream 
oxygenate blending (Sec. 80.69), record keeping (Secs. 80.74 and 
80.104), reporting (Secs. 80.75 and 80.105), product transfer 
documents (Sec. 80.77), parameter value reconciliation requirements 
(Sec. 80.65(e)(2)), reformulated gasoline and RBOB compliance 
requirements (Sec. 80.65(c)), annual compliance audit requirements 
(Sec. 80.65(h)), and compliance attest engagement requirements 
(subpart F). Various restrictions apply to the exemptions, and the 
exemptions do not apply after December 31, 1999.
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    In letters of June 15, August 3 and November 10, 1995, the Western 
States Petroleum Association (WSPA), on behalf of gasoline refiners in 
California, petitioned EPA to revise the exemption provisions at 40 CFR 
80.81 to provide additional flexibility. The three principle areas 
discussed in the petition are the gasoline testing methods, the 
standard for Reid vapor pressure (RVP), and production of gasoline not 
meeting the federal standard for oxygen content. In February 1996, EPA 
notified WSPA that EPA would initiate rulemaking to address these 
issues.6 Since the California Phase 2 program was scheduled to 
begin March 1, 1996, EPA announced that it would grant California 
refiners temporary relief through specific exemptions from enforcement 
related to test methods, oxygen content of gasoline not used in the RFG 
areas, and RVP until the rulemakings could be completed.
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    \6\ See letter from Mr. Steve Herman, Assistant Administrator 
for Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, EPA, to Mr. Douglas 
Henderson, Executive Director, Western States Petroleum Association, 
dated February 29, 1996. A copy of this letter has been placed in 
the docket at the location listed in the ADDRESSES section.
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    A final rule related to the RVP standard was published as a direct 
final rule in the Federal Register on May 8, 1996, and became effective 
on July 8, 1996.7
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    \7\ ``Fuels and Fuel Additives--Reformulated Gasoline Sold in 
California; Reid Vapor Pressure lower limit adjustment--Direct Final 
Rule,'' 61 FR 20736 (May 8, 1996).
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    Today's proposal addresses the remaining two issues: gasoline 
testing methods and the use in conventional gasoline areas of gasoline 
certified by California that does not meet the federal RFG standard for 
oxygen content. EPA is proposing changes similar to the temporary 
enforcement exemptions granted to the California refiners in its 
February 1996 letter.

III. Description of Proposed Action

A. Testing Methods

    Both the federal RFG and the California Phase 2 programs specify 
testing methods to demonstrate compliance with the standards applicable 
under each programs. However, in the case of the tests for four 
parameters (benzene, sulfur, oxygen, and aromatics) the methods 8 
specified under the two programs are different.
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    \8\ See 40 CFR 80.46(a),(e), (f) and (g) for Federal RFG test 
method requirements.
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    The 40 CFR 80.81(h) exemption in the federal RFG regulation allows 
California refiners to use the California test methods prescribed in 
Title 13, California Code of Regulations, sections 2260 et seq., 
instead of the federal test methods prescribed at 40 CFR 80.46, when 
producing California Phase 2 gasoline that is used in California. 
Therefore, California refiners may use either the federal or CARB 
methods for gasoline used within the state. However, under existing 
federal regulations, California refiners are still required to use the 
federal test methods prescribed at 40 CFR 80.46 for gasoline that is 
used outside California, including conventional gasoline subject to the 
anti-dumping standards specified at 40 CFR 80.101.9
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    \9\ EPA estimates that the portion of gasoline exported from 
California and used in neighboring states is about twelve percent of 
the total California gasoline production and imports.
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    WSPA, on behalf of California refiners, has requested that EPA 
extend the test method exemption at 40 CFR 80.81(h) to also cover the 
gasoline produced by California refiners that is exported from 
California to other states. WSPA asked for this change because a 
refiner who is utilizing the flexibility of the CARB testing methods 
for gasoline sold within California, would have to implement federal 
test methods to certify the same gasoline for export to surrounding 
states.
    EPA believes that WSPA has raised a valid concern and that, under 
certain conditions, it may be appropriate to allow the use of non-
federal test methods for gasoline exported from California. Absent such 
relief, California refiners who export gasoline to other states are 
required to certify such gasoline using federal testing methods. Both 
``downgraded'' RFG and conventional gasoline are exported from 
California. If a California refiner chooses to utilize the flexibility 
of the CARB testing methods, they must also implement the federal test 
methods in order to certify gasoline for distribution outside 
California.
    EPA believes that the standards under the California Phase 2 
program are expected to result in lower emissions than will result from 
federal RFG and, as discussed below, there may be emissions benefits 
for areas receiving ``downgraded'' California RFG. Moreover CARB is 
expected to enforce these standards in a comprehensive, aggressive 
manner that will result in high compliance. The Agency does not believe 
that any environmental detriment would occur from allowing the use of 
the CARB test methods for gasoline produced in California, but shipped 
out of state for use in non-RFG areas. Because some of the gasoline 
shipped out of California as conventional gasoline may be 
``downgraded'' RFG or gasoline meeting California Phase 2 standards, an 
environmental benefit may be expected for areas receiving such gasoline 
exported from California. Thus, allowing flexibility in testing method 
for California refiners might actually produce an environmental benefit 
to surrounding areas, because such flexibility would make it easier and 
more economical for California refiners to export cleaner gasoline.
    In its February 29, 1996 response to WSPA, EPA indicated its 
intention to change the federal RFG regulations to allow additional 
testing flexibility for California refiners and immediately gave 
California refiners additional flexibility for a limited time. In that 
letter, EPA stated that it will not enforce the requirement at 40 CFR 
80.65(e)(1) and 40 CFR 80.101(i)(1)(i)(A) to test gasoline using the 
federal test methods specified under 40 CFR 80.46 for benzene, sulfur, 
oxygen or aromatics,

[[Page 18698]]

with regard to gasoline that is produced in or imported into California 
but that is used outside California.
    In order to qualify for this enforcement relief, the refiner or 
importer must meet certain conditions, designed to ensure that only 
gasoline produced by refiners or importers subject to CARB enforcement, 
and that is sold in Federal conventional gasoline areas outside 
California, is covered by this flexibility and to ensure that only 
gasoline meeting RFG standards will actually be sold in Federal RFG 
areas. Furthermore, it is necessary to establish equivalency between 
CARB and Federal test method results, since the methods themselves are 
not necessarily equivalent and therefore different methods (if not 
correlated) would yield different results. In the absence of 
correlation, the possibility of one fuel having more than one value 
associated with it could cause disruption and confusion in the 
distribution system. EPA believes that the conditions, as described in 
the next paragraph, are necessary to protect the environmental benefits 
associated with the Federal RFG and anti-dumping program.
    To qualify, the gasoline must be produced at a refinery located in 
California at which gasoline meeting the California Phase 2 standards 
and requirements is produced, or the gasoline must be imported into 
California from outside the United States as California Phase 2 
gasoline (i.e., gasoline that meets the standards and requirements of 
the California Phase 2 program). When exported from California, such 
gasoline must be classified as federal conventional gasoline, and may 
not be classified as federal RFG. Furthermore, the refiner must 
correlate the results from any non-federal test method to the method 
specified under 40 CFR 80.46 for any gasoline that is used outside 
California, and such correlation must be demonstrated to EPA upon 
request.
    The temporary enforcement flexibility described above and in EPA's 
February 29, 1996 letter will expire at the conclusion of this 
rulemaking (i.e. upon the effective date of the final rule).
    EPA is proposing today to amend 40 CFR 80.81 to incorporate the 
enforcement flexibility regarding test methods that EPA temporarily 
granted in its February 29, 1996 letter to WSPA. EPA is proposing this 
action because the Agency believes that it may result in lower 
compliance costs and greater flexibility for California refiners and 
because there is no expected adverse environmental impact from this 
proposed action.

B. Standard for Oxygen

    Section 211(k) of the Clean Air Act requires that the RFG standard 
of 2.0 weight percent (wt%) minimum oxygen must be met in each 
federally-covered RFG area. When EPA promulgated the California 
enforcement exemptions at 40 CFR 80.81, the statewide standards for 
California Phase 2 gasoline would have been equal to or more stringent 
than all federal RFG standards. With regard to oxygen content, the 
California Phase 2 standards included a statewide flat limit of 1.8 to 
2.2 wt% oxygen that EPA considered, in practice, to be equivalent to 
the federal standard of 2.0 wt% minimum. As a result, EPA did not need 
to distinguish between California Phase 2 gasoline used in the 
federally-covered RFG areas within California from the California Phase 
2 gasoline used in the other areas of California, in order to have 
confidence that RFG standards would be met in each federally covered 
RFG area in California.
    The final California Phase 2 requirements were changed, however, 
and now allow gasoline that does not meet the federal RFG standard for 
oxygen. Under two alternative California certification methods, the 
California predictive model and the vehicle emissions testing method, 
there is no minimum oxygen content requirement for summertime 
California Phase 2 gasoline.10 Under 40 CFR 80.81(e)(2), certain 
enforcement exemptions are withdrawn if a California refiner uses one 
of the alternative California certification methods, unless within 30 
days of receiving the California certification it notifies EPA and 
demonstrates that its gasoline meets all federal RFG per-gallon 
standards, including the 2.0 weight % oxygen standard.
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    \10\ See Title 13, California Code of Regulations, section 
2262.5 for the oxygen standards, section 2265 for the alternative 
predictive model method, and section 2266 for the alternative 
vehicle emission testing method.
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    Therefore, in order to retain the enforcement exemptions, 40 CFR 
80.81(e)(2) currently requires that all California Phase 2 gasoline 
produced by a refiner, regardless of whether it is sold in a federally-
covered RFG area, must meet the federal RFG standard for oxygen 
content. Because neither of the two alternative California 
certification methods ensure that the federal oxygen content standard 
will be met, except during designated winter months, a refiner that 
uses an alternative California certification method must either 
additionally notify and demonstrate to EPA that its gasoline meets the 
federal RFG standard for oxygen content or lose its eligibility for 
certain federal exemptions under 40 CFR 80.81. This loss of eligibility 
applies even if the gasoline not meeting the federal RFG standard for 
oxygen content is being distributed only to those areas of California 
that are not federally-covered RFG areas.
    In its petition, WSPA asked EPA to amend the enforcement exemption 
provisions to allow California refiners to supply California Phase 2 
gasoline containing less than 2.0 wt% oxygen to markets within 
California that are not federally-covered RFG areas without having to 
comply with the notification and demonstration requirements of 40 CFR 
80.81(e)(2) and without losing the federal enforcement exemptions. In 
its February 29, 1996 response to WSPA, EPA said it is appropriate to 
amend 40 CFR 80.81, provided that annual gasoline quality surveys for 
oxygen content are conducted in each federally-covered RFG area, in 
order to ensure the gasoline in each federally-covered RFG area in 
California is in compliance with the federal oxygen content standard. 
EPA reached these conclusions because the statewide California Phase 2 
standards, with the exception of oxygen content, are more stringent 
than the standards for federal RFG, including any gasoline formulation 
certified using the alternative methods. In addition, EPA believes that 
these standards will be appropriately enforced by CARB. EPA believes 
that the California Phase 2 program provides emission reductions that 
equal or exceed that of the federal Phase I RFG program, except for the 
oxygen content requirements. EPA concluded that the federal RFG oxygen 
requirements do not have to be met in areas of California that are not 
subject to the federal RFG standards, in order to ensure compliance 
with the oxygen requirements for areas that are subject to the federal 
RFG standards. The annual compliance survey is a more appropriate 
mechanism to ensure such compliance under these circumstances.
    Consistent with, and as described in, the February 29, 1996 letter, 
EPA is proposing to amend 40 CFR 80.81 to allow refiners to produce 
California Phase 2 gasoline containing less than 2.0 wt% oxygen for use 
outside the federally-covered RFG areas in California, provided 
appropriate annual gasoline quality surveys for oxygen are conducted in 
each federally-covered RFG area in California. These surveys must show 
an average oxygen content in each covered area of at least 2.0 wt%. 
While EPA could require that all gasoline batches being produced for 
the federally-covered RFG areas be tested for oxygen content at the 
refinery, or

[[Page 18699]]

prior to importation as applicable, such testing would not ensure that 
all gasoline being sold in the federally-covered RFG areas contains at 
least 2.0 wt% oxygen. Even though each refinery might meet its refinery 
gate standard for oxygen on average, some areas might still receive RFG 
with relatively low oxygen content while others might receive RFG with 
relatively high oxygen content. The surveys are designed to ensure that 
all Federal RFG program areas receive RFG that meets at least the 
minimum required oxygen standard.
    As in the federal RFG program outside of California, the compliance 
surveys appear to be the most practical method to assure that, on 
average, the federally-covered RFG areas in California receive gasoline 
that meets the federal standard for oxygen content. The federal RFG 
program at 40 CFR 80.67 allows refiners, importers, and oxygenate 
blenders to meet certain federal RFG standards on average, rather than 
on a per-gallon basis for each batch of gasoline. The requirement must 
then be met on average, over the entire production, without any 
averaging for each specific covered area to which the gasoline is 
distributed.
    Refiners, importers and oxygenate blenders producing gasoline to 
meet standards on average are allowed to produce some batches of 
gasoline that are less stringent than the averaging standards (within 
the limits of a per-gallon minimum or maximum standard, as applicable). 
But they must also produce some batches of gasoline that are more 
stringent than the averaging standards, such that on average, the 
applicable averaging standard is met. The averaging standards are 
somewhat more stringent than the per-gallon standard (e.g., the oxygen 
content averaging standard is 2.1 wt%, and the per-gallon standard is 
2.0 wt%). It is expected that, if all refiners meet either the per-
gallon standards or the averaging standards, the covered areas 
receiving their gasoline should achieve an average oxygen content no 
lower than would occur without the allowance for such averaging, based 
on the extensive fungible distribution system for gasoline products.
    Because many gasoline distribution systems are fungible, some 
uncertainty exists as to where each batch of gasoline from each 
supplier is ultimately distributed, and what batches, or portions of 
batches, from each supplier that each covered area actually receives. 
For example, under the averaging program, the possibility still exists 
that one or more covered areas may receive too many batches of RFG that 
have a relatively low oxygen content (e.g. greater than or equal to 1.5 
wt%, but less than 2.0 wt%), so that the required oxygen levels will 
not have been achieved in that area.
    Consequently, the federal RFG program at 40 CFR 80.67 requires 
compliance surveys under 40 CFR 80.68 for refiners that elect to meet 
the standards on average under 40 CFR 80.41(b), (d) or (f), as 
applicable, rather than to meet the per-gallon standards for each batch 
of gasoline under 40 CFR 80.41(a), (c), or (e), as applicable. In 
general, the compliance surveys are to ensure that each covered area 
receives gasoline that cumulatively (from all suppliers and across 
time) has the same oxygen content it would have if averaging was not 
allowed. However, the federal RFG regulations at 40 CFR 80.81(b)(1) 
exempts refiners of California gasoline (with respect to California 
gasoline) from the compliance survey provisions at 40 CFR 80.68, for 
the reasons described earlier.
    In response to the WSPA request concerning oxygen content 
requirements in California and the changes in California Phase 2 
standards regarding oxygen content, EPA has reconsidered the limited 
use application of the compliance survey provisions. EPA believes that 
a yearly survey program, such as that required under 40 CFR 80.68 for 
averaging under the federal RFG program, along with other program 
requirements (such as compliance by each refinery separately), provides 
the most flexible alternative to refiners and the most assurance to EPA 
that complying gasoline is actually being sold in the federally-covered 
RFG areas.
    As stated in its February 29, 1996 response to WSPA, EPA decided to 
allow California refiners to produce gasoline that contains less than 
2.0 wt% oxygen for use outside the federally-covered RFG areas, until 
appropriate amendments to the RFG requirements were been published in 
the Federal Register and become effective. In particular, EPA said it 
will not enforce the requirement at 40 CFR 81(e)(2) that California 
refiners must demonstrate that federal RFG per-gallon standards are met 
on each occasion California Phase 2 gasoline is certified under Title 
13, California Code of Regulations, section 2265 (dealing with gasoline 
certification based on the California predictive model), provided that 
two conditions are met. First, a program of gasoline quality surveys 
must be conducted in each RFG covered area in California each year to 
monitor annual average oxygen content. Second, the surveys must be 
conducted in accordance with each requirement specified under 40 CFR 
80.68(b) and (c), dealing with surveys for RFG quality, and 40 CFR 
80.41(o) through (r), dealing with the effects of survey failures, 
except that the surveys need only evaluate for oxygen content and a 
minimum of four surveys (a survey series) must be conducted in each 
covered area each calendar year.
    EPA proposes to retain as an option the existing 30-day 
notification and demonstration provisions at 40 CFR 80.81(e)(2).
    Under the existing provision, gasoline certified using an 
alternative California certification method and not meeting the federal 
standard for oxygen content may not be marketed anywhere in California 
without losing the enforcement exemptions listed in paragraph (e)(1). 
This is because EPA cannot allow non-complying fungible gasoline in 
California, unless there are adequate enforcement procedures to ensure 
compliance of the gasoline in the federally-covered RFG areas with the 
federal standards.
    EPA considered whether it should simply eliminate the exemption for 
compliance surveys at 40 CFR 80.81(b)(1) for California gasoline. 
However, such an action would impact all refiners of California 
gasoline, even for those that choose to not certify using one of the 
alternative California certification procedures, and those that 
produce, import or blend only California gasoline that meets the 
federal oxygen content standard. Instead, EPA proposes to offer the 
compliance surveys as an option for refiners of California gasoline 
that do not choose the existing notification and demonstration option 
at 40 CFR 80.81(e)(2), and that do not want to meet the federal oxygen 
content standard for gasoline being used in areas of California that 
are not federally-covered RFG areas. Further, EPA proposes some 
exceptions to the compliance surveys as specified for federally-covered 
RFG areas outside of California.
    First, EPA proposes that surveys conducted under the proposed 
compliance survey option of the exemption provisions at 40 CFR 
80.81(e)(2) not be considered for the purposes of determining the 
required number of surveys that must be conducted for compliance with 
the federal RFG program at 40 CFR 80.68. Under 40 CFR 80.68(b), the 
required number of compliance surveys required in a year for federally-
covered RFG areas outside of California depends partly on the number of 
areas required to be surveyed in the year, the number of surveys 
conducted the previous year,

[[Page 18700]]

and the survey results from the previous year.
    EPA believes that the proposed optional surveys for federally-
covered RFG areas in California should not impact the required surveys 
for federally-covered RFG areas outside of California. This is because 
of the differences in the purpose, scope and desired consequences 
between the two survey programs. The federal RFG compliance surveys 
required at 40 CFR 80.68 are designed to detect and apply remedial 
actions to geographical and temporal noncompliance that may occur due 
to the combination of averaging and refinery based standards. 
Parameters for all standards being averaged are required to be 
measured, and the ultimate consequence of multiple failures of the 
survey series is to effectively disallow the use of averaging. In 
contrast, the proposed optional surveys under 40 CFR 80.81(e)(2) are 
designed to detect and apply remedial actions to geographical and 
temporal noncompliance with the oxygen content standard that may occur 
due to the absence of California oxygenate standards and other 
enforcement requirements intended to ensure the delivery of RFG into 
RFG areas, such as product transfer documents. The ultimate consequence 
of multiple failures of the survey series is to either withdraw certain 
federal enforcement exemptions, or require refiners to produce 
California gasoline that meets the federal oxygen content standard for 
all areas within California (see fourth issue of this section).
    Second, EPA proposes a fixed number of surveys for the proposed 
compliance survey option, similar to the temporary enforcement 
flexibility granted in the February 29, 1996 letter to WSPA. Under 40 
CFR 80.68(b), a formula is used to determine the number of surveys 
required in a year, which depends on a specified schedule, the number 
of surveys required the previous year, gasoline volume supplied to the 
covered areas, and results of the survey the previous year. However, 
EPA believes that a minimum four surveys each year for each federally-
covered RFG area is adequate to determine whether the average oxygen 
content is adequate. Therefore, EPA is proposing that 40 CFR 
80.81(e)(2) require only a minimum of four surveys each year for each 
federally-covered RFG area in California. As with the surveys required 
under 40 CFR 80.68 for federally-covered areas outside of California, 
EPA will determine when these optional surveys conducted in California 
under 40 CFR 80.81(e)(2) shall be conducted.
    Third, the proposed consequences of passing and failing an optional 
survey series in a federally-covered RFG area in California under 40 
CFR 80.81(e)(2) is different than the existing consequences of passing 
and failing a required survey series in federally-covered RFG areas 
outside of California under 40 CFR 80.68. A failure of an oxygen 
content compliance survey required at 40 CFR 80.68 for a federally-
covered RFG area outside of California will result in the 
``ratcheting'' of the minimum per-gallon oxygen standard to be more 
stringent (i.e., to be closer to the averaging standard) for the 
following year. As a consequence, the allowable range, and thus the 
flexibility, for averaging will be reduced. For example, the per-gallon 
minimum standard under averaging for oxygen content is 1.5 wt%. Under 
40 CFR 80.41(o), if a covered area fails the survey series for a year, 
the per-gallon minimum oxygen content standard for the following year 
will be increased by 0.1 wt% to 1.6 wt%. If the covered area fails the 
survey series in a subsequent year, the per-gallon minimum oxygen 
content standard for the following year will be increased by 0.1 wt% to 
1.7 wt%, and so on. If the covered area fails the survey series any 
five years (consecutive or non-consecutive), the per-gallon minimum 
oxygen content standard for the years following the fifth failure will 
be equal to the federal per-gallon oxygen standard of 2.0 wt%. However, 
a one-time relaxation of the per-gallon minimum standard by 0.1 wt% is 
allowed following two consecutive years of survey series passes for 
oxygen content.
    For this survey option, EPA proposes that only one year of passing 
the survey series in a covered area will be needed to initiate 
relaxation of the minimum oxygen content standard for the following 
year. EPA proposes that the minimum oxygen content standard be relaxed 
by 0.1 wt% for each year following a year in which the survey series 
passes in a federally-covered RFG area in California. However, EPA will 
not allow the minimum oxygen content standard to be less than 1.5 wt%, 
the minimum oxygen content standard for federal RFG under averaging. As 
with failures of survey series required under 40 CFR 80.68 in 
federally-covered RFG areas outside of California in accordance with 40 
CFR 80.41(q)(4), adjusted standards under the compliance survey option 
of 40 CFR 80.81(e)(2) apply to all averaged gasoline produced by a 
refiner for use in any federally-covered RFG area. However, the 
proposed procedures and consequences of the oxygen surveys contained in 
this notice differ somewhat from the survey coincidences under 40 CFR 
80.68. The surveys proposed today are much smaller in scope than the 
existing, ``general'' survey provisions and the consequences for 
successive failures, as discussed in greater detail in this section, 
may be the subject of future Agency rulemaking action to remove some or 
all of the California enforcement exemptions.
    EPA proposes that the ultimate consequence of multiple failures of 
the optional compliance surveys be withdrawal of the survey option, 
rather than the effective withdrawal of the averaging option, as with 
the required compliance surveys conducted under 40 CFR 80.68 for 
federally-covered RFG areas outside of California. The compliance 
survey option provides refiners of California gasoline additional 
flexibility under the federal exemption provisions, conditioned on the 
premise that those refiners will control the oxygen content of the 
gasoline being distributed to the federally-covered RFG areas within 
California. If the refiners do not control the oxygen content of the 
gasoline going to those areas as determined by the results of the 
surveys, EPA believes that it may be reasonable to remove the 
flexibility provided under this option. Consequently, EPA proposes that 
a failure of a survey series in one federally-covered RFG area in 
California for three consecutive years, or an equivalent ``net'' 
failure of three years over any number of years (i.e., number of years 
the survey series failed subtracted from the number of years the survey 
series passed), the compliance survey option will no longer be 
applicable for any federally-covered RFG area in California. In 
practice, this situation will occur if a survey series fails for a 
covered area in a year in which the minimum oxygen content standard had 
been raised to 1.7 wt% due to a survey series failure in that covered 
area the previous year.
    Consistent with the existing compliance survey requirements for 
federally-covered RFG areas outside of California, EPA proposes to 
allow the optional compliance survey under 40 CFR 80.81(e)(2) to be 
conducted either by individual refiners under 40 CFR 80.68(a) or as a 
group of refiners under 40 CFR 80.68(b). The temporary enforcement 
flexibility granted by the February 29, 1996 response to WSPA omitted 
the individual survey option of 40 CFR 80.68(a), because that survey 
option is not currently being used and is not expected to be used for 
practical reasons. Under either 80.68(a) or (b), covered refiners are 
required to actively participate in a survey program. The consequences 
of any survey failure will

[[Page 18701]]

apply to all suppliers serving the failed area.
    It should be noted that the California Phase 2 gasoline that does 
not meet the federal RFG standards, including the oxygen standard, is 
classified under the federal regulations as conventional gasoline. In 
addition, the flexibility allowed by today's proposed amendments does 
not alter the prohibitions under section 211(k)(5) of the Clean Air 
Act, and 40 CFR 80.78(a)(1) against selling or dispensing conventional 
gasoline to ultimate consumers in federally-covered RFG areas, and 
against selling conventional gasoline for resale in federally-covered 
RFG areas unless the gasoline is segregated and marked as 
``conventional gasoline, not for sale to ultimate consumers in a 
covered area.'' Nothing in today's proposal would change the 
requirement that refiners and importers in California meet all other 
Federal RFG standards, including the oxygen standard, for gasoline 
produced or imported for use in Federal RFG covered areas in 
California. These standards must be met separately for each refinery 
and by each importer.
    The proposed amendments to 40 CFR 80.81 are generally consistent 
with the February 29, 1996 letter to WSPA.

C. Correction to 80.81(e)(1)

    EPA proposes to correct 40 CFR 80.81(e)(1), which erroneously omits 
one provision, paragraph (f), from the list of enforcement exemption 
provisions that would not apply under the conditions of paragraphs 
(e)(2) or (e)(3). Paragraph (e)(2) specifies that the exemption 
provisions listed in paragraph (e)(1) do not apply if a refiner 
certifies California gasoline under one of the alternative California 
certification procedures, unless the refiner notifies EPA of that 
alternative certification and demonstrates to EPA that its gasoline 
meets all federal per-gallon standards. (This proposal adds a 
compliance survey option to section (e)(2)(ii).) Paragraph (e)(3) 
specifies that the exemption provisions listed in paragraph (e)(1) do 
not apply in the case of a refiner of California gasoline that has been 
assessed a civil, criminal or administrative penalty for certain 
violations of federal or California regulations, except upon a showing 
of good cause.
    Paragraph (f) specifies that for California phase 2 gasoline 
(California gasoline that is sold or made available for sale after 
March 1, 1996) the following federal RFG enforcement requirements are 
waived: the oxygenated fuels provisions of 80.78(a)(1)(iii), the 
product transfer provisions of 80.78(a)(1)(iv), the oxygenate blending 
provisions contained in 80.78(a)(7), and the segregation of simple and 
complex model certified gasoline provision of 80.78(a)(9). Under the 
conditions of either paragraph (e)(2) or (e)(3), EPA would need those 
enforcement provisions to ensure that gasoline being used in federally-
covered RFG areas in California complies with the federal standards. 
Therefore, EPA proposes to amend paragraph 40 CFR 80.81(e)(1) to 
include paragraph (f) in the list of enforcement exemptions that would 
become inapplicable under the conditions of paragraphs (e)(2) or 
(e)(3).

D. Proposed Amendment to Sampling and Testing Requirements for 
California refiners

    Under 40 CFR 80.65(e)(1), a refiner must determine the properties 
of each batch of RFG it produces prior to the gasoline leaving the 
refinery.11 Under the California RFG program, refiners may obtain 
approval to sample and test gasoline for compliance with California RFG 
standards at off-site ``production'' tankage. This approval would have 
to be obtained under Title 13, Section 2260(a)(28) of the California 
Code of Regulations, which states:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \11\ Under 40 CFR 80.2 (h), a ``refinery'' is ``a plant where 
gasoline or diesel fuel is produced.''

    (28) ``Production facility'' means a facility in California at 
which gasoline * * * is produced. Upon request of a producer, the 
executive director [of CARB] may designate, as part of the 
producer's production facility, a physically separate bulk storage 
facility which (A) is owned or leased by the producer, and (B) is 
operated by or at the direction of the producer, and (C) is not used 
to store or distribute gasoline * * * that is not supplied from the 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
production facility.''

    It is EPA's understanding that the third requirement, (C), is 
interpreted by CARB to require that the gasoline must be transported to 
the off-site tankage served via a dedicated pipeline.
    In this notice, EPA is proposing amendments to 40 CFR 80.81(h), 
which would allow California refiners who have obtained approval from 
the State of California to conduct sampling and testing at off-site 
tankage served by a dedicated pipeline to use this approach under the 
federal RFG program as well. Specifically, the proposed rule would 
allow a California refiner who has obtained approval from the State of 
California to conduct sampling and testing at off-site tankage under 
California Code of Regulations Title 13, Section 2260(a)(28), to 
conduct sampling and testing at such approved off-site tankage for 
purposes of the federal RFG program. The gasoline must be sampled and 
tested under the terms of a current, valid protocol agreement between 
the refiner and CARB. The refiner must provide a copy of the current, 
valid protocol agreement specifying the off-site tankage as part of the 
production facility, to the EPA Administrator or the Administrator's 
designated agent, upon request.
    EPA believes that this proposed approach is justified because of 
the unique situation that exists in the case of refiners subject to the 
California RFG requirements, including the enforcement sampling and 
testing program that is carried out by the State of California at 
refineries producing California RFG. EPA also believes that this 
proposed approach will minimize any unnecessary inconsistencies between 
the federal and California RFG requirements which do not result in 
differences in environmental or public health impacts.

IV. Statutory Authority

    Section 114, 211 and 301(a) of the Clean Air Act as amended (42 
U.S.C. 7414, 7545, and 7601(a)).

V. Environmental Impact

    This rule is expected to have no negative environmental impact. 
These amendments are intended to eliminate duplicative enforcement 
requirements, and do not relax the federal standards. EPA has 
determined that the statewide California Phase 2 program is equal to or 
more stringent than the federal Phase I RFG program, except for the 
oxygen standard. In fact, as described above, the California Phase 2 
program is designed to, and may result in, greater emissions reductions 
that the federal RFG program. The additional testing flexibility 
allowed certain refiners of California gasoline under today's proposed 
regulation may, in fact, result in an environmental benefit because it 
would give California refiners flexibility to sell gasoline meeting 
California Phase 2 standards as federal conventional gasoline in other 
areas. It is reasonable to expect that such gasoline would be 
``cleaner'' than other conventional gasoline and could result in an 
environmental benefit to the areas receiving it.

VI. Economic Impact

    Today's proposed regulation is expected to give refiners of 
California gasoline additional operational flexibility and is not 
expected to result in additional compliance costs for regulated 
parties, including small entities.

[[Page 18702]]

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act, 5 U.S.C. 601-612, requires that 
Federal Agencies examine the impacts of their regulations on small 
entities. The act requires an Agency to prepare a regulatory 
flexibility analysis in conjunction with notice and comment rulemaking, 
unless the Agency head certifies that the rule will not have a 
significant impact on a substantial number of small entities. 5 U.S.C. 
605(b). The Administrator certifies that this rule will not have a 
significant impact on a substantial number of small entities. This rule 
is not expected to result in any additional compliance cost to 
regulated parties and may be expected to reduce compliance cost. 
Specifically, the additional flexibility allowed by permitting use of 
CARB testing methods for California gasoline exported to surrounding 
areas, the proposed oxygen survey option, and the proposed off-site 
sampling and testing allowance would grant all California refiners 
(regardless of size), additional compliance flexibility and would 
permit them options that could significantly lower compliance costs. 
The changes proposed today are expected to be beneficial for all 
affected industry parties, including affected small entities.

VII. Executive Order 12866

    Under Executive Order 12866,12 the Agency must determine 
whether a regulation is ``significant'' and therefore subject to OMB 
review and the requirements of the Executive Order. The Order defines 
``significant regulatory action'' as one that is likely to result in a 
rule that may:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \12\ 58 FR 51736 (October 4, 1993).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more, 
or adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the 
economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public 
health or safety, or State, local or tribal governments of communities;
    (2) Create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an 
action taken or planned by another agency;
    (3) Materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, 
user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients 
thereof, or
    (4) Raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal 
mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in 
this Executive Order.13
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \13\ Id. at section 3(f)(1)-(4).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    It has been determined that this rule is not a ``significant 
regulatory action'' under the terms of Executive Order 12866 and is 
therefore not subject to OMB review.

VIII. Unfunded Mandates

    Under Section 202 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 
(``UMRA''), P.L. 104-4, EPA must prepare a budgetary impact statement 
to accompany any general notice of proposed rulemaking or final rule 
that includes a Federal mandate which may result in estimated costs to 
State, local, or tribal governments in the aggregate, or to the private 
sector, of $100 million or more. Under Section 205, for any rule 
subject to Section 202 EPA generally must select the least costly, most 
cost-effective, or least burdensome alternative that achieves the 
objectives of the rule and is consistent with statutory requirements. 
Under Section 203, before establishing any regulatory requirements that 
may significantly or uniquely affect small governments, EPA must take 
steps to inform and advise small governments of the requirements and 
enable them to provide input.
    EPA has determined that the rule proposed today does not include a 
federal mandate as defined in UMRA. The rule does not include a Federal 
mandate that may result in estimated annual costs to State, local or 
tribal governments in the aggregate, or to the private sector, of $100 
million or more, and it does not establish regulatory requirements that 
may significantly or uniquely affect small governments.

IX. Paperwork Reduction Act

    The information collection requirements in this proposed rule will 
be submitted for approval to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 
under the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. An 
information Collection Request (ICR) document has been prepared by EPA 
(ICR NO. 1591.07) covering this and related collections. OMB has 
approved the remainder of the information collection requirements for 
the Standards for Reformulated Gasoline Regulations and has assigned 
OMB control number 2060-0277. A copy may be obtained from Sandy Farmer, 
OPPE Regulatory Information Division; U.S. Environmental Protection 
Agency (2137); 401 M St., S.W.; Washingtion, DC 20460 or by calling 
(202) 260-2740.
    Today's proposal rule includes optional oxygen surveys applicable 
in RFG program areas located within the state of California. This 
survey option is necessary to ensure that the environmental and public 
health benefits of the RFG program are met in California RFG areas and 
is designed to preserve the California enforcement exemptions contained 
in 40 CFR 80.81. Specifically, today's proposed rule allows refiners to 
produce California Phase 2 gasoline containing less than 2.0 weight% 
oxygen for use outside federally covered areas provided appropriate 
annual gasoline quality surveys for oxygen are conducted in each 
covered area in California.
    EPA estimates the cost of all the required RFG surveys to be 
approximately 2.3 million for 1997 and approximately $6.0 million for 
1998 and beyond (when complex model standards apply). The vast majority 
of the cost is attributable to the comprehensive surveys required under 
40 CFR 80.68.
    Section 80.68 surveys are applicable in all Federal RFG covered 
areas outside California and cover a broader range of parameters than 
the proposed California surveys, which are designed to monitor annual 
average oxygen content only. The proposed California surveys are 
limited in their number. Four surveys are proposed to be conducted each 
year in each of three California Federal RFG covered areas, for a total 
of 12 surveys. Industry has generally welcomed this California survey 
option, since it grants flexibility and potentially reduces compliance 
burdens.
    Burden means the total time, effort, or financial resources 
expended by persons to generate, maintain, retain or disclose or 
provide information to or for a Federal Ageny. This includes the time 
needed to review instructions; develop, acquire, install, utilize 
technology and systems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and 
verifing information, processing and maintaining information, and 
disclosing and providing previously applicable instructions and 
requirements; train personnel to be able to respond to a collection of 
information; search data sources; complete and review the collection of 
information; and transmit or otherwise disclose the information.
    An Agency may not conduct or sponsor and a person is not required 
to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a 
currently valid OMG control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA's 
regulations are listed in 40 CFR part 9 and 48 CFR chapter 15.
    Comments are requested on the Agency's need for this information, 
the accuracy of the provided burden estimates, and any suggested 
methods for minimizing respondent burden, including through the use of 
automated collection techniques. Send comments on the ICR to the 
Director, OPPE Regulatory Information Division; U.S. Environmental 
Protection Agency (2137); 401 M St., S.W., Washington March 17, 1997 C 
20460 and to the

[[Page 18703]]

Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs; Office of Management and 
Budget, 725 17th St., N.W. Washington, DC 20503, marked ``Attention'' 
Desk Officer for EPA. Include the ICR number in any correspondence. 
Since OMB is required to make a decision concerning the ICR between 30 
and 60 days after April 16, 1997, a comment to OMB is best assured of 
having its full effect, if OMB receives it by May 16, 1997. The final 
rule will respond to any OMB or public comments on the information 
collection requirements contained in this proposal.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 80

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, California 
exemptions, Gasoline, Reformulated gasoline, Motor vehicle pollution.

    Dated: April 9, 1997.
Carol M. Browner,
Administrator.

    40 CFR part 80 is proposed to be amended as follows:

PART 80--REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES

    1. The authority citation for part 80 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: Secs. 114, 211 and 301(a) of the Clean Air Act as 
amended (42 U.S.C. 7414, 7545, and 7601(a)).

    2. Section 80.81 is amended by revising paragraphs (e)(1), (e)(2) 
and (h) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.81  Enforcement exemptions for California gasoline.

* * * * *
    (e)(1) The exemption provisions contained in paragraphs (b)(2), 
(b)(3), (c), and (f) of this section shall not apply under the 
circumstances set forth in paragraphs (e)(2) and (e)(3) of this 
section.
    (2) Such exemption provisions shall not apply to any refiner, 
importer, or oxygenate blender of California gasoline with regards to 
any gasoline formulation that it produces or imports is certified under 
Title 13, California Code of Regulations, section 2265 or section 2266, 
unless:
    (i)(A) Written notification option. The refiner, importer, or 
oxygenate blender, within 30 days of the issuance of such 
certification:
    (1) Notifies the Administrator of such certification;
    (2) Submits to the Administrator copies of the applicable 
certification order issued by the State of California and the 
application for certification submitted by the regulated party to the 
State of California; and
    (3) Submits to the Administrator a written demonstration that all 
gasoline formulations produced, imported or blended by the refiner, 
importer or oxygenate blender for use in California meets each of the 
complex model per-gallon standards specified in Sec. 80.41(c).
    (B) If the Administrator determines that the written demonstration 
submitted under paragraph (e)(2)(i)(A) of this section does not 
demonstrate that all certified gasoline formulations meet each of the 
complex model per-gallon standards specified in Sec. 80.41(c), the 
Administrator shall provide notice to the party (by first class mail) 
of such determination and of the date on which the exemption provisions 
specified in paragraph (e)(1) of this section shall no longer be 
applicable, which date shall be no earlier than 90 days after the date 
of the Administrator's notification; or
    (ii) Compliance survey option. The compliance survey requirements 
of Sec. 80.68 are met for each covered area in California for which the 
refiner, importer or oxygenate blender supplies gasoline for use in the 
covered area, except that:
    (A) The survey series must determine compliance only with the 
oxygen content standard of 2.0 weight-percent;
    (B) The survey series must consist of at least four surveys a year 
for each covered area;
    (C) The surveys shall not be included in determining the number of 
surveys under Sec. 80.68(b)(2);
    (D) In the event a survey series conducted under this paragraph 
(e)(2)(ii) fails in accordance with Sec. 80.68(c)(12), the provisions 
of Secs. 80.41(o), (p) and (q) are applicable, except that if the 
survey series failure occurs in a year in which the applicable minimum 
oxygen content is 1.7 weight percent, the compliance survey option of 
this section shall not be applicable for any future year; and
    (E) Not withstanding Sec. 80.41(o), in the event a covered area 
passes the oxygen content series in a year, the minimum oxygen content 
standard for that covered area beginning in the year following the 
passed survey series shall be made less stringent by decreasing the 
minimum oxygen content standard by 0.1%, except that in no case shall 
the minimum oxygen content standard be less than that specified in 
Sec. 80.41(d).
* * * * *
    (h)(1) For the purposes of the batch sampling and analysis 
requirements contained in Sec. 80.65(e)(1), any refiner, importer or 
oxygenate blender of California gasoline may use a sampling and/or 
analysis methodology prescribed in Title 13, California Code of 
Regulations, sections 2260 et seq., in lieu of any applicable 
methodology specified in Sec. 80.46, with regards to
    (i) Such gasoline; or
    (ii) That portion of its gasoline produced or imported for use in 
other areas of the United States, provided that
    (A) The gasoline must be produced by a refinery that is located in 
the state of California that produces California gasoline, or imported 
by an importer of California gasoline;
    (B) The gasoline must be classified as conventional gasoline upon 
exportation from the California, or upon release or shipment from the 
refinery if the refinery is located outside of California; and
    (C) The refiner or importer must correlate the results from the 
applicable sampling and /or analysis methodology prescribed in Title 
13, California Code of Regulations, sections 2260 et seq., with the 
method specified at Sec. 80.46, and such correlation must be adequately 
demonstrated to EPA upon request.
    (2) Nothwithstanding the requirements of Sec. 80.65(e)(1) regarding 
when the properties of a batch of reformulated gasoline must be 
determined, a refiner of California gasoline may determine the 
properties of gasoline as specified under Sec. 80.65(e)(1) at off site 
tankage provided that:
    (i) The samples are properly collected under the terms of a current 
and valid protocol agreement between the refiner and the California Air 
Resources Board with regard to sampling at the off site tankage and 
consistent with requirements prescribed in Title 13, California Code of 
Regulations, sections 2260 et seq.; and
    (ii) The refiner provides a copy of the protocol agreement to EPA 
upon request.
* * * * *
[FR Doc. 97-9867 Filed 4-15-97; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P