[Federal Register Volume 61, Number 100 (Wednesday, May 22, 1996)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 25580-25585]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 96-12482]



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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 75

[FRL-5506-6]


Acid Rain Program: Continuous Emission Monitoring

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Amendment to final rule; correction.

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SUMMARY: On May 17, 1995, EPA published direct final amendments to the 
Continuous Emission Monitoring (CEM) rule in the Acid Rain Program for 
the purpose of making implementation of the program simpler, 
streamlined, and more efficient. The amendments to the original January 
11, 1993 rule became final and effective on July 17, 1995. During the 
public comment period on the direct final rule and its companion 
proposed rule, EPA received significant, adverse comments on those 
amended provisions that related to notifications for periodic relative 
accuracy test audits. EPA is removing the provisions added in the 
direct final rule related to notifications. EPA will address the 
removed provisions in a future final rule. EPA is also extending the 
public comment period on the removed provisions for 15 days to allow 
the public to respond to the significant, adverse comments. All other 
provisions of the direct final rule remain final.
    In addition, EPA is publishing technical corrections of 
typographical and similar inadvertent errors in the final rule, as 
promulgated May 17, 1995.

DATES: Effective date: The effective date of the amended rule 
provisions and corrections is May 22, 1996.
    Comment date: Comments in response to the significant, adverse 
comments on the direct final rule must be received on or before June 6, 
1996.

ADDRESSES: Any written comments in response to the significant, adverse 
comments on the direct final rule must be identified as being in 
response to such comments in Docket No. A-94-16 and must be submitted 
in duplicate to: EPA Air Docket (6102), U.S. Environmental Protection 
Agency, 401 M Street SW., Washington, D.C. 20460. The docket is 
available for public inspection and copying between 8:30 a.m. and 3:30 
p.m., Monday through Friday, at the above address. A reasonable fee may 
be charged for copying.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Margaret Sheppard, Acid Rain Division 
(6204J), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street SW., 
Washington, D.C. 20460, (202) 233-9180.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: EPA received significant, adverse comments 
on certain provisions of the direct final rule amending part 75 from a 
group of utilities called the Texas Subgroup. These comments were 
apparently submitted on time, but EPA became aware of this only after 
the provision became final. After the close of the comment period, the 
Texas Subgroup submitted a letter, dated November 2, 1995, clarifying 
its comments. The comments and the November 28, 1995 letter are found 
in Docket No. A-94-16, items V-D-23 and V-D-24. The Texas Subgroup made 
significant, adverse comments on the provisions of Secs. 75.21(d)and 
75.61(a)(5). Therefore, those provisions in the direct final rule are 
being removed and are considered proposed provisions until EPA takes 
further comment and addresses the comments in a future final rule.
    The Texas Subgroup commented adversely upon the requirements in 
Secs. 75.21(d) and 75.51(a)(5) for notifications of the date on which 
periodic Relative Accuracy Test Audits (RATAs) will be performed. The 
direct final provisions require submission of written notification to 
the Administrator, the appropriate EPA Regional Office, and the 
applicable State or local air pollution control agency at least 21 days 
before the scheduled date of a RATA. The date may be rescheduled if 
written or oral notice is provided to EPA and to the appropriate State 
or local air quality agency at least seven days before the earlier of 
the original scheduled date or the new test date. The Texas Subgroup 
felt that this provision created additional paperwork. In addition, 
they felt the provisions could force utilities to delay rescheduled 
RATAs unnecessarily for seven days simply to meet the notification 
requirement.
    In discussions with EPA, the Texas Subgroup suggested that perhaps 
the provisions are not needed or the provisions could be revised to 
provide more flexibility in the case where a RATA is rescheduled. Some 
possibilities that the Texas Subgroup discussed with EPA included: 
allowing utilities to receive permission from EPA, State and local 
agency Acid Rain Program contacts to proceed with testing in less than 
seven days from the date of notification; creating an ``emergency'' 
notification two days after the new testing date is known, similar

[[Page 25581]]

to that for recertification (Sec. 75.61(a)(1)(ii)); and allowing 
notification electronically to reduce the paperwork burden, where the 
EPA Regional office or State or local agency will accept such a 
notification.
    EPA also notes that the purpose of the notification for periodic 
RATAs is to enable EPA or State or local agency staff to observe the 
testing. Notifications of periodic RATAs will allow EPA, State and 
local agencies to observe a larger percentage of units than if 
utilities only were to submit notice for certification and 
recertification testing. The ability of agency staff to attend 
certification and recertification testing is limited since EPA has 
significantly shortened the notification period for most 
recertification tests and allows utilities to proceed with 
recertification testing before notifying the Agency in emergency 
situations and since there were a large number of sources testing in a 
short time period during initial certification. Even so, agency staff 
attended many RATAs for initial certification testing. However, initial 
certification generally occurs before the period when an affected unit 
is required to comply with emission reductions. Therefore, to enhance 
the quality of quality assurance testing and the quality of emission 
data during compliance, EPA and State and local agencies need the 
opportunity to observe periodic RATAs. EPA notes that, during 
certification testing, EPA personnel have observed and corrected 
deviations from acceptable stack testing procedures. Based on these 
observations during initial certification, EPA believes it is critical 
for EPA, State, and local agency personnel to be able to observe 
periodic RATAs in order to ensure the quality of monitored data for the 
Acid Rain Program. Moreover, advance notification of the date of 
periodic RATA testing allows the cost-effective use of agency resources 
by coordinating auditing of monitor performance with regularly 
scheduled quality assurance testing and by coordinating field 
observations at multiple locations. If agency personnel were not to 
observe periodic RATA testing, agencies would need to perform or 
require performance of additional RATAs under the audit provisions of 
section 2.4 of Appendix B of part 75. This would be more intrusive for 
utilities, and more time-consuming and costly for both utilities and 
agencies, than coordinating with periodic RATA testing.
    The Agency notes that it is relatively easy for a utility that 
schedules testing to notify agencies of a known testing date. In fact, 
it will take a utility roughly the same amount of time to respond to 
EPA and State or local agency enquiries about testing dates as it takes 
the utility to generate the short notice and mail it or to make a 
telephone call. In contrast, it is relatively difficult, time-consuming 
and intrusive for State or local air pollution control agencies or EPA 
Regional Offices to contact each utility with Phase I and II affected 
units to determine when testing will occur at each unit. EPA and State 
or local agency personnel must call each utility, contact the 
appropriate utility staff person, and discuss the scheduling 
information.
    In addition, EPA is considering changes to the periodic RATA 
notification provisions that would reduce the burden of reporting a 
notification. Part of the paperwork burden could be eliminated by 
removing the requirement that notifications be provided to the 
Administrator (received by EPA's Acid Rain Division). In addition, a 
State or local air pollution control agency or EPA regional office 
could be allowed to waive the notification requirement. For example, a 
State or local air pollution control agency or an EPA regional office 
could decide that it would not observe a class of units (e.g., low-
emitting gas-fired units). EPA is therefore considering allowing State 
or local air pollution control agencies or EPA Regional Offices to 
issue a utility a waiver from periodic RATA notification requirements 
for some or all utility units within their respective States, air 
quality districts or EPA regions until notifications are specifically 
requested again. This would relieve utilities of some reporting burden, 
while still ensuring that State or local agencies or EPA regional 
offices would be able to observe RATA testing when they wished to do 
so. Moreover, where a test needs to be rescheduled in less than seven 
days, another option that would create greater flexibility for 
utilities would be a shorter period of advance notification, such as 
telephone, facsimile, or electronic mail notification on the day the 
utility knows the rescheduled date of testing, which would be required 
to be at least two days (48 hours) before the new date of testing. EPA 
requests comment on these possible solutions.
    No other significant, adverse comments were received by EPA on the 
direct final rule. Thus, all other provisions of the direct final rule 
became final on July 17, 1995 and remain in effect.
    In addition, the EPA is correcting various errors found in the 
direct final rule, as promulgated on May 17, 1995. These corrections 
are technical. Most correct typographical errors; some reinstate 
provisions that were inadvertently removed from the final regulations 
originally promulgated on January 11, 1993 (58 FR 3590, 1993) when the 
May 17, 1995 document was published.
    The rule provisions in this document either remove requirements 
already incorporated in the May 17, 1995 notice or reinstate regulatory 
requirements that were previously approved when the regulations were 
originally issued on January 11, 1993. The requirements of Executive 
Orders 12866 and 12875, the Regulatory Flexibility Act, the Unfunded 
Mandates Act, and the Paperwork Reduction Act are therefore not 
applicable to this action. All applicable administrative requirements 
will be met when the proposed amendments are addressed in a future 
final rule.
    For additional information, see the direct final rule. 60 FR 26510 
(May 17, 1995).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 75

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon dioxide, 
Continuous emission monitors, Electric utilities, Incorporation by 
reference, Nitrogen oxides, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, 
Sulfur dioxide.

    Dated: April 30, 1996.
Brian J. McLean,
Director, Acid Rain Division.

PART 75--[AMENDED]

    Part 75 of title 40, chapter I of the Code of Federal Regulations 
is amended as follows:
    1. The authority citation for part 75 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7601 and 7651K.

    2. Section 75.14 is amended by revising paragraph (c) to read as 
follows:


Sec. 75.14  Specific provisions for monitoring opacity.

* * * * *
    (c) Gas-fired units. The owner or operator of an affected unit that 
qualifies as gas-fired, as defined in Sec. 72.2 of this chapter, based 
on information submitted by the designated representative in the 
monitoring plan is exempt from the opacity monitoring requirements of 
this part. Whenever a unit previously categorized as a gas-fired unit 
is recategorized as another type of unit by changing its fuel mix, the 
owner or operator shall install, operate, and certify a continuous 
opacity monitoring system as required by paragraph (a) of this section 
by

[[Page 25582]]

December 31 of the following calendar year.
* * * * *
    3. Section 75.15(b)(1) is amended by revising Equation 7 to read as 
follows:


Sec. 75.15  Specific provisions for monitoring SO2 emissions 
removal by qualifying Phase I technology.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    Where, * * *
* * * * *
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN22MY96.002

Sec. 75.16  [Amended]

    4. Section 75.16(a)(2)(ii)(A) is amended by adding the word ``in'' 
between the phrases ``compensating units'' and ``accordance with part 
72''.


Sec. 75.21  [Amended]

    5. Section 75.21 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph 
(d).


Sec. 75.33  [Amended]

    6. Section 75.33(c)(5) is amended by revising the word ``proper'' 
to read ``prior''.
    7. Section 75.50(a) is revised to read as follows:


Sec. 75.50  General recordkeeping provisions.

    (a) Recordkeeping requirements for affected sources. The provisions 
of this section shall remain in effect prior to January 1, 1996. The 
owner or operator shall meet the requirements of either Secs. 75.50 or 
75.54 prior to January 1, 1996. On or after January 1, 1996, the owner 
or operator shall meet the requirements of Sec. 75.54 only. The owner 
or operator of any affected source subject to the requirements of this 
part shall maintain for each affected unit (or for each group of 
affected or nonaffected units utilizing a common stack and common 
monitoring systems pursuant to Sec. 75.16 through Sec. 75.18 of this 
part (referred to hereafter as ``each affected unit'')) a file of all 
measurements, data, reports, and other information required by this 
part at the source in a form suitable for inspection for at least three 
(3) years from the date of each record. This file shall contain the 
following information:
    (1) The data and information required in paragraphs (b) through (f) 
of this section;
    (2) The component data and information used to calculate values 
required in paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section;
    (3) The current monitoring plan as specified in Sec. 75.53 of this 
part; and
    (4) The quality control plan as described in Appendix B of this 
part.
* * * * *


Sec. 75.61  [Amended]

    8.-9. Section 75.61 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph 
(a)(5).
    10. Appendix A, Section 2.1.1.1 is amended by adding the variables 
for Equations A-1a and A-1b and note at the end of the section to read 
as follows:

Appendix A of Part 75--Specifications and Test Procedures [Amended]

* * * * *
2.1.1.1  Maximum Potential Concentration
* * * * *
    Where,
MPC=Maximum potential concentration (ppm, wet basis). (To convert to 
dry basis, divide the MPC by 0.9.)
%S=Maximum sulfur content of fuel to be fired, wet basis, weight 
percent, as determined by ASTM D3177-89, ASTM D4239-85, ASTM D4294-90, 
ASTM D1552-90, ASTM D129-91, or ASTM D2622-92 for solid or liquid fuels 
(incorporated by reference under Sec. 75.6).
GCV=Minimum gross calorific value of the fuel lot consistent with the 
sulfur analysis (Btu/lb), as determined using ASTM D3176-89, ASTM D240-
87 (Reapproved 1991), or ASTM D2015-91 (incorporated by reference under 
Sec. 75.6).
%O2w=Minimum oxygen concentration, percent wet basis, under normal 
operating conditions.
%CO2w=Maximum carbon dioxide concentration, percent wet basis, 
under normal operating conditions.
11.32 x 10\6\=Oxygen-based conversion factor in (Btu/lb)(ppm)/%.
6.93 x 10\6\=Carbon dioxide-based conversion factor in (Btu/lb)(ppm)/%

    Note: All percent values to be inserted in the equations of this 
section are to be expressed as a percentage, not a fractional value, 
e.g., 3, not .03.

    11. Appendix A, Section 2.1.4 is amended by replacing the variable 
``Fd'' with the variable ``Fc'' in Equation A-3b to read as 
follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN22MY96.003

Where:
 * * * * *

Appendix A--[Amended]

    12. Appendix A, Section 7.6.5 is amended by revising the first two 
variable definitions for Equation A-11 to read as follows:

7.6.5  Bias Adjustment

* * * * *
Where:
CEMiMonitor=Data (measurement) provided by the monitor at 
time i.
CEMiAdjusted=Data value, adjusted for bias, at time i.
* * * * *
    13. Appendix A of part 75 is amended by adding Figures 1 through 4 
at the end of Appendix A, to read as follows:

                                                            Figures for Appendix A of Part 75                                                           
                                                        Figure 1.--Linearity Error Determination                                                        
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                   Day                       Date and time     Reference value     Monitor value        Difference         Percent of reference value   
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Low-level:                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                        
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[[Page 25583]]

                                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                        
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Mid-level:                                                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                                        
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High-level:                                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                                        
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                                      Figure 2.--Relative Accuracy Determination (Pollutant Concentration Monitors)                                     
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                                                                             SO2 (ppmc)                                    CO2 (Pollutant) (ppmc)       
                     Run No.                        Date and  ---------------------------------------   Date and  --------------------------------------
                                                      time         RMa           Mb          Diff         time         RMa           Mb          Diff   
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  Arithmetic Mean Difference (Eq. A-7). Confidence Coefficient (Eq. A-9). Relative Accuracy (Eq. A-                                                     
                                                10).                                                                                                    
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a RM means ``reference method data.''                                                                                                                   

[[Page 25584]]

                                                                                                                                                        
b M means ``monitor data.''                                                                                                                             
c Make sure the RM and M data are on a consistent basis, either wet or dry.                                                                             



                                               Figure 3.--Relative Accuracy Determination (Flow Monitors)                                               
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                                              Flow rate (Low) (scf/hr)*             Flow rate (Normal) (scf/hr)*             Flow rate (High) (scf/hr)* 
             Run No.              Date and ------------------------------ Date and ------------------------------ Date and -----------------------------
                                    time       RM         M       Diff      time       RM         M       Diff      time       RM         M       Diff  
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12..............................                                                                                                                        
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 Arithmetic Mean Difference (Eq. A-7). Confidence Coefficient (Eq. A-9). Relative                                                                       
                               Accuracy (Eq. A-10).                                                                                                     
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* Make sure the RM and M data are on a consistent basis, either wet or dry.                                                                             


                    Figure 4.--Relative Accuracy Determination (NOX/Diluent Combined System)                    
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                                       Reference method data                   NOX system (lb/mmBtu)            
     Run No.       Date and time -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                     NOX(  )a         O2/CO2%           RM               M          Difference  
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  Arithmetic Mean Difference (Eq. A-7). Confidence Coefficient                                                  
            (Eq. A-9). Relative Accuracy (Eq. A-10).                                                            
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a Specify units: ppm, lb/dscf, mg/dscm.                                                                         


[[Page 25585]]



Appendix D To Part 75--Optional SO2 Emissions Data Protocol for 
Gas-Fired and Oil-Fired Units [Amended]

    14. Appendix D, section 2.1.5.2 is amended by revising the phrase 
``bypass fuel'' to read ``backup fuel''.
    15. Appendix D, section 2.1.6.1 is amended by revising the phrase 
``bypass fuel'' to read ``backup fuel''.

Appendix F of Part 75--Conversion Procedures [Amended]

    16. Appendix F, section 3.4, Equation F-10 is amended by changing 
the superscript in the sum from ``n'' to ``m'', to read as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN22MY96.004

Where,
* * * * *
    17. Appendix F, section 4.4.1 is amended by adding Equation F-14b 
after the variables for Equation F-14a and before the variables for 
Equation F-14b, to read as follows:
    4.4.1
* * * * *
or
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN22MY96.005

* * * * *

Appendix F, Section 5.5.1--[Amended]

    18. Appendix F, Section 5.5.1 is amended by revising the last 
variable for Equation F-19 from ``106'' to read ``106'' in the 
definition for the variable.

Appendix G of Part 75--Determination of CO2 Emissions [Amended]

Appendix G, Section 4--[Amended]

    19. Appendix G, section 4 is amended by redesignating Equation G-7 
as Equation G-8.

[FR Doc. 96-12482 Filed 5-21-96; 8:45 am]
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