[Federal Register Volume 61, Number 79 (Tuesday, April 23, 1996)]
[Notices]
[Pages 17937-17949]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 96-9962]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION -
Federal Aviation Administration
Index of Administrator's Decisions and Orders in Civil Penalty
Actions; Publication
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Notice of publication.
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SUMMARY: This notice constitutes the required quarterly publication of
an index of the Administrator's decisions and orders in civil penalty
cases. The FAA is publishing an index by order number, an index by
subject matter, and case digests that contain identifying information
about the final decisions and orders issued by the Administrator.
Publication of these indexes and digests is intended to increase the
public's awareness of the Administrator's decisions and orders. Also,
the publication of these indexes and digests should assist litigants
and practitioners in their research and review of decisions and orders
that may have precedential value in a particular civil penalty action.
Publication of the index by order number, as supplemented by the index
by subject matter, ensures that the agency is in compliance with
statutory indexing requirements.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: James S. Dillman, Assistant Chief
Counsel for Litigation (AGC-400), Federal Aviation Administration, 701
Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Suite 925, Washington, DC 20004: telephone
(202) 376-6441.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Administrative Procedure Act requires
Federal agencies to maintain and make available for public inspection
and copying current indexes containing identifying information
regarding materials required to be made available or published. 5
U.S.C. 552(a)(2). In a notice issued on July 11, 1990, and published in
the Federal Register (55 FR 29148; July 17, 1990), the FAA announced
the public availability of several indexes and summaries that provide
identifying information about the decisions and orders issued by the
Administrator under the FAA's civil penalty assessment authority and
the rules of practice governing hearings and appeals of civil penalty
actions. 14 CFR Part 13, Subpart G.
The FAA maintains an index of the Administrator's decisions and
orders in civil penalty actions organized by order number and
containing identifying information about each decision or order. The
FAA also maintains a subject-matter index, and digests organized by
order number.
In a notice issued on October 26, 1990, the FAA published these
indexes and digests for all decisions and orders issued by the
Administrator through September 30, 1990. 55 FR 45984; October 31,
1990. The FAA announced in that notice that it would publish
supplements to these indexes and digests on a quarterly basis (i.e., in
January, April, July, and October of each year). The FAA announced
further in that notice that only the subject-matter index would be
published cumulatively, and that both the order number index and the
digests would be non-cumulative.
Since that first index was issued on October 26, 1990 (55 FR 45984;
October 31, 1990), the FAA has issued supplementary notices containing
the quarterly indexes of the Administrator's civil penalty decisions as
follows:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dates of quarter Federal Register publication
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10/1/90-12/31/90..................... 56 FR 44886; 2/6/91.
1/1/91-3/31/91....................... 56 FR 20250; 5/2/91.
4/1/91-6/30/91....................... 56 FR 31984; 7/12/91.
7/1/91-9/30/91....................... 56 FR 51735; 10/15/91.
10/1/91-12/31/91..................... 57 FR 2299; 1/21/92.
1/1/92-3/31/92....................... 57 FR 12359; 4/9/92.
4/1/92-6/30/92....................... 57 FR 32825; 7/23/92.
7/1/92-9/30/92....................... 57 FR 48255; 10/22/92.
10/1/92-12/31/92..................... 58 FR 5044; 1/19/93.
1/1/93-3/31/93....................... 58 FR 21199; 4/19/93.
4/1/93-6/30/93....................... 58 FR 42120; 8/6/93.
7/1/93-9/30/93....................... 58 FR 58218; 10/29/93.
10/1/93-12/31/93..................... 59 FR 5466; 2/4/94.
1/1/94-3/31/94....................... 59 FR 22196; 4/29/94.
4/1/94-6/30/94....................... 59 FR 39618; 8/3/94.
7/1/94-12/31/94*..................... 60 FR 4454; 1/23/95*.
1/1/95-3/31/95....................... 60 FR 19318; 4/17/95.
4/1/95-6/30/95....................... 60 FR 36854; 7/18/95.
7/1/95-9/30/95....................... 60 FR 53228; 10/12/95.
[[Page 17938]]
10/1/95-12/31/95..................... 61 FR 1972; 1/24/96.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
*Due to administrative oversight, the index for the third quarter of
1994, including information pertaining to the decisions and orders
issued by the Administrator between July 1 and September 30, 1994, was
not published on time. The information regarding the third quarter's
decisions and orders, as well as the fourth quarter's decisions and
orders in 1994, were included in the index published on January 23,
1995.
In the notice published on January 19, 1993, the Administrator
announced that for the convenience of the users of these indexes, the
order number index published at the end of the year would reflect all
of the civil penalty decisions for that year. 58 FR 5044; 1/19/93. The
order number indexes for the first, second, and third quarters would be
non-cumulative.
The Administrator's final decisions and orders, indexes, and
digests are available for public inspection and copying at all FAA
legal offices. (The addresses of the FAA legal offices are listed at
the end of this notice.)
Also, the Administrator's decisions and orders have been published
by commercial publishers and are available on computer databases.
(Information about three commercial publications and computer databases
is provided at the end of this notice.)
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator
Order Number Index
(This index includes all decisions and order issued by the
Administrator from January 1, 1996, to March 31, 1996.)
96-1................................ [Airport Operator]
1/4/96.............................. CP94**0089
96-2................................ Skydiving Center of D.C.
1/5/96.............................. CP94EA0261
96-3................................ America West Airlines
2/13/96............................. CP93WP0172, CP93WP0173, CP93WP0174
96-4................................ South Aero
2/13/96............................. CP94SW0023
96-5................................ Alphin Aircraft
2/13/96............................. CP93EA0334
96-6................................ Evgeniy V. Ignatov
2/13/96............................. CP94GL0076
96-7................................ Delta Air Lines
2/15/96............................. CP94SO0003
96-8................................ Empire Airlines
2/29/96............................. CP95NM0034
96-9................................ [Airport Operator]
3/5/96.............................. CP94**0089
96-10............................... USAir
3/11/96............................. CP95EA0100
96-11............................... USAir
3/19/96............................. CP94GL0190
96-12............................... USAir
3/19/96............................. CP94EA0126
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator
Subject Matter Index
(Current as of March 31, 1996)
Administrative Law Judges--Power and
Authority:
Authority to extend deadlines...... 95-28 Atlantic.
Continuance of hearing............. 91-11 Continental Airlines; 92-
29 Haggland.
Credibility findings............... 90-21 Carroll; 92-3 Park; 93-17
Metcaft; 94-3 Valley Air; 94-4
Northwest Aircraft Rental; 95-
25 Conquest; 95-26 Hereth.
Default Judgment................... 91-11 Continental Airlines; 92-
47 Cornwall; 94-8 Nunez; 94-22
Harkins; 94-28 Toyota; 95-10
Diamond.
Discovery.......................... 89-6 American Airlines; 91-17
KDS Aviation; 91-54 Alaska
Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter; 93-10 Costello.
Expert Testimony................... 94-21 Sweeney.
Granting extensions of time........ 90-27 Gabbert.
Hearing location................... 92-50 Cullop.
Hearing request.................... 93-12 Langton; 94-6 Strohl; 94-
27 Larsen; 94-37 Houston; 95-
19 Rayner.
Initial Decision................... 92-1 Costello; 92-32 Barnhill.
Jurisdiction....................... 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-33 Cato;
92-1 Costello; 92-32 Barnhill.
After order assessing civil 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
penalty.
After complaint withdrawn...... 94-39 Kirola.
Motion for Decision................ 92-73 Wyatt; 92-75 Beck; 92-76
Safety Equipment; 93-11
Merkley.
Notice of Hearing.................. 92-31 Eaddy.
Sanction........................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 91-54
Alaska Airlines; 94-22
Harkins; 94-28 Toyota.
Vacating initial decision.......... 90-20 Degenhardt; 92-32
Barnhill; 95-6 Sutton.
Aerial Photography..................... 95-25 Conquest Helicopters.
Agency Attorney........................ 93-13 Medel.
Air Carrier:
Agent/independent contractor of.... 92-70 USAir.
Careless or Reckless............... 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 93-18
Westair Commuter.
Employee....................... 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Aircraft Maintenance (see 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
Airworthiness, Maintenance Mannual). 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation; 93-36 & 94-3 Valley
Air; 94-38 Bohan; 95-11
Horizon; 96-3 America West
Airlines.
Acceptable methods, techniques, and 96-3 America West Airlines.
practices.
After certificate revocation....... 92-73 Wyatt.
Major/minor repairs................ 96-3 America West Airlines.
Minimum Equipment List (MEL)....... 94-38 Bohan; 95-11 Horizon.
Aircraft Records:
Aircraft Operation................. 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation.
Flight and Duty Time............... 96-4 South Aero.
Maintenance Records................ 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation; 94-2 Woodhouse.
``Yellow tags''.................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation.
Aircraft-Weight and Balance (See Weight
and Balance)
Airmen:
[[Page 17939]]
Pilots............................. 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-
8 Watkins; 92-49 Richardson &
Shimp; 93-17 Metcalf.
Altitude deviation................. 92-49 Richardson & Shimp.
Careless or Reckless............... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-
8 Watkins; 92-49 Richardson &
Shimp; 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17
Metcalf; 93-29 Sweeney.
Flight time limitations............ 93-11 Merkley.
Follow ATC Instruction............. 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-
8 Watkins; 92-49 Richardson &
Shimp.
Low Flight......................... 92-47 Cornwall; 93-17 Metcalf.
See and Avoid...................... 93-29 Sweeney.
Air Operations Area (AOA):
Air Carrier Responsibilities....... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-
33 Delta Air Lines; 94-1 Delta
Air Lines.
Airport Operator Responsibilities.. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-
4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 91-40
[Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator]; 96-1
[Airport Operator].
Badge Display...................... 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-33
Delta Air Lines.
Definition of...................... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-
4 [Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator].
Exclusive Areas.................... 90-19 Continental Airlines; 91-
4 [Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator].
Airport Security Program (ASP):
Compliance with.................... 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 91-40
[Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator]; 94-1 Delta
Air Lines; 96-1 [Airport
Operator].
Airports:
Airport Operator Responsibilities.. 90-12 Continental Airlines; 91-
4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 91-40
[Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator]; 96-1
[Airport Operator].
Air Traffic Control (ATC):
Error as mitigating factor......... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne.
Error as exonerating factor........ 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-
40 Wendt.
Ground Control..................... 91-12 Terry & Menne; 93-18
Westair Commuter.
Local Control...................... 91-12 Terry & Menne.
Tapes & Transcripts................ 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp.
Airworthiness.......................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 92-48 & 92-70
USAir; 94-2 Woodhouse; 95-11
Horizon; 96-3 America West
Airlines.
Amicus Curiae Briefs................... 90-25 Gabbert.
Answer:
Timeliness of answer............... 90-3 Metz; 90-15 Playter; 92-32
Barnhill; 92-47 Cornwall; 92-
75 Beck; 92-76 Safety
Equipment; 94-5 Grant; 94-29
Sutton; 94-30 Columna; 94-43
Perez; 95-10 Diamond; 95-28
Atlantic.
What constitutes................... 92-32 Barnhill; 92-75 Beck.
Appeals (See also Timeliness; Mailing
Rule)
Briefs, Generally.................. 89-4 Metz; 91-45 Park; 92-17
Giuffrida; 92-19 Cornwall; 92-
39 Beck; 93-24 Steel City
Aviation; 93-28 Strohl; 94-23
Perez; 95-13 Kilrain.
Additional Appeal Brief............ 92-3 Park; 93-5 Wendt; 93-6
Westair Commuter; 93-28
Strohl; 94-4 Northwest
Aircraft; 94-18 Luxemburg; 94-
29 Sutton.
Appeal dismissed as premature...... 95-19 Rayner.
Appeal dismissed as moot after 92-9 Griffin.
complaint withdrawn.
Appellate arguments................ 92-70 USAir.
Court of Appeals, appeal to (See
Federal Courts)
``Good Cause'' for Late-Filed Brief 90-3 Metz; 90-27 Gabbert; 90-39
or Notice of Appeal. Hart; 91-10 Graham; 91-24
Esau; 91-48 Wendt; 91-50 & 92-
1 Costello; 92-3 Park; 92-17
Giuffrida; 92-39 Beck; 92-41
Moore & Sabre Associates; 92-
52 Beck; 92-57 Detroit Metro
Wayne Co. Airport; 92-69
McCabe; 93-23 Allen; 93-27
Simmons; 93-31 Allen; 95-2
Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-25
Conquest.
Motion to Vacate construed as a 91-11 Continental Airlines.
brief.
Perfecting an Appeal............... 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19
Cornwall; 92-39 Beck; 94-23
Perez; 95-13 Kilrain; 96-5
Alphin Aircraft.
Extension of Time for (good 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories;
cause for). 91-26 Britt Airways; 91-32
Bargen; 91-50 Costello; 93-2 &
93-3 Wendt; 93-24 Steel City
Aviation; 93-32 Nunez.
[[Page 17940]]
Failure to..................... 89-1 Gressani; 89-7 Zenkner; 90-
11 Thunderbird Accessories; 90-
35 P. Adams; 90-39 Hart; 91-7
Pardue; 91-10 Graham; 91-20
Bargen; 91-43, 91-44, 91-46 &
91-47 Delta Air Lines; 92-11
Alilin; 92-15 Dillman; 92-18
Bargen; 92-34 Carrell; 92-35
Bay Land Aviation; 92-36
Southwest Airlines; 92-45
O'Brien; 92-56 Montauk
Caribbean Airways; 92-67
USAir; 92-68 Weintraub; 92-78
TWA; 93-7 Dunn; 93-8 Nunez; 93-
20 Smith; 93-23 & 93-31 Allen;
93-34 Castle Aviation; 93-35
Steel City Aviation; 94-12
Bartusiak; 94-24 Page; 94-26
French Aircraft; 94-34
American International
Airways; 94-35 American
International Airways; 94-36
American International
Airways; 95-4 Hanson; 95-22 &
96-5 Alphin Aircraft; 96-2
Skydiving Center.
What Constitutes............... 90-4 Metz; 90-27 Gabbert; 91-45
Park; 92-7 West; 92-17
Giuffrida; 92-39 Beck; 93-7
Dunn; 94-15 Columna; 94-23
Perez; 94-30 Columna; 95-9
Woodhouse; 95-23 Atlantic
World Airways.
Service of brief:
Failure to serve other party... 92-17 Giuffrida; 92-19
Cornwall.
Timeliness of Notice of Appeal..... 90-3 Metz; 90-39 Hart; 91-50
Costello; 92-7 West; 92-69
McCabe; 93-27 Simmons; 95-2
Meronek; 95-9 Woodhouse; 95-15
Alphin Aviation.
Withdrawal of appeal............... 89-2 Lincoln-Walker; 89-3
Sittko; 90-4 Nordrum; 90-5
Sussman; 90-6 Dabaghian; 90-7
Steele; 90-8 Jenkins; 90-9 Van
Zandt; 90-13 O'Dell; 90-14
Miller; 90-28 Puleo; 90-29
Sealander; 90-30 Steidinger;
90-34 D. Adams; 90-40 & 90-41
Westair Commuter Airlines; 91-
1 Nestor; 91-5 Jones; 91-6
Lowery; 91-13 Kreamer; 91-14
Swanton; 91-15 Knipe; 91-16
Lopez; 91-19 Bayer; 91-21
Britt Airways; 91-22 Omega
Silicone Co.; 91-23
Continental Airlines; 91-25
Sanders; 91-27 Delta Air
Lines; 91-28 Continental
Airlines; 91-29 Smith; 91-34
GASPRO; 91-35 M. Graham; 91-
36; Howard; 91-37 Vereen; 91-
39 America West; 91-42 Pony
Express; 91-49 Shields; 91-56
Mayhan; 91-57 Britt Airways;
91-59 Griffin; 91-60 Brinton;
92-2 Koller; 92-4 Delta Air
Lines; 92-6 Rothgeb; 92-12
Bertetto; 92-20 Delta Air
Lines; 92-21 Cronberg; 92-22,
92-23, 92-24, 92-25, 92-26 &
92-28 Delta Air Lines; 92-33
Port Authority of NY & NJ; 92-
42 Jayson; 92-43 Delta Air
Lines; 92-44 Owens; 92-53
Humble; 92-54 & 92-55
Northwest Airlines; 92-60
Costello; 92-61 Romerdahl; 92-
62 USAir; 92-63 Schaefer; 92-
64 & 92-65 Delta Air Lines; 92-
66 Sabre Associates & Moore;
92-79 Delta Air Lines; 93-1
Powell & Co.; 93-4 Harrah; 93-
14 Fenske; 93-15 Brown; 93-21
Delta Air Lines; 93-22
Yannotone; 93-26 Delta Air
Lines; 93-33 HPH Aviation; 94-
9 B & G Instruments; 94-10
Boyle; 94-11 Pan American
Airways; 94-13 Boyle; 94-14 B
& G Instruments; 94-16 Ford;
94-33 Trans World Airlines; 94-
41 Dewey Towner; 94-42 Taylor;
95-1 Diamond Aviation; 95-3
Delta Air Lines; 95-5 Araya;
95-6 Sutton; 95-7 Empire
Airlines; 95-20 USAir; 95-21
Faisca; 95-24 Delta Air Lines;
96-7 Delta Air Lines; 96-8
Empire Airlines; 96-10 USAir,
96-11 USAir, 96-12 USAir.
Assault. (see also Passenger 96-6 Ignatov.
Misconduct).
``Attempt''............................ 89-5 Schultz.
Attorney Conduct:
Obstreperous or Disruptive....... 94-39 Kirola.
Attorney Fees (See EAJA)
Aviation Safety Reporting System....... 90-39 Hart; 91-12 Terry &
Menne; 92-49 Richardson &
Shimp.
Balloon (Hot Air)...................... 94-2 Woodhouse.
Bankruptcy............................. 91-2 Continental Airlines.
Battery................................ 96-6 Ignatov.
Certificates and Authorizations:
Surrender when revoked............. 92-73 Wyatt.
Civil Air Security National Airport:
Inspection Program (CASNAIP)....... 91-4 [Airport Operator]; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 91-40
[Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator], 91-58
[Airport Operator].
Civil Penalty Amount (See Sanction)
Closing Argument (See Final Oral
Argument)
Collateral Estoppel.................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation.
Complaint:
Complainant Bound By............... 90-10 Webb; 91-53 Koller.
No Timely Answer to. (See Answer)
Partial Dismissal/Full Sanction.... 94-19 Pony Express; 94-40
Polynesian Airways.
Timeliness of complaint............ 91-51 Hagwood; 93-13 Medel; 94-
7 Hereth; 94-5 Grant.
Withdrawal of...................... 94-39 Kirola; 95-6 Sutton.
Compliance & Enforcement Program:
(FAA Order No. 2150.3A)............ 89-5 Schultz; 89-6 American
Airlines; 91-38 Esau; 92-5
Delta Air Lines.
Sanction Guidance Table............ 89-5 Schultz; 90-23 Broyles; 90-
33 Cato; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 92-5
Delta Air Lines.
[[Page 17941]]
Concealment of Weapons................. 89-5 Schultz; 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter; 92-51 Koblick.
Consolidation of Cases................. 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
Continental Airlines.
Constitutionality of Regulations....... 96-1 [Airport Operator].
Continuance of Hearing................. 90-25 Gabbert; 92-29 Haggland.
Corrective Action (See Sanction)
Credibility of Witnesses:
Generally.......................... 95-25 Conquest Helicopters; 95-
26 Hereth.
Deference to ALJ................... 90-21 Carroll; 92-3 Park; 93-17
Metcalf; 95-26 Hereth.
Expert witnesses (See also 90-27 Gabbert; 93-17 Metcalf;
Witnesses). 96-3 American West Airlines.
Impeachment........................ 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
De facto answer........................ 92-32 Barnhill.
Deliberative Process Privilege......... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12,
90-18 & 90-19 Continental
Airlines.
Deterrence............................. 89-5 Schultz; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 95-16 Mulhall; 95-
17 Larry's Flying Service.
Discovery:
Deliberative Process Privilege..... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12,
90-18 & 90-19 Continental
Airlines.
Depositions........................ 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Notice of...................... 91-54 Alaska Airlines.
Failure to Produce................. 90-18 & 90-19 Continental
Airlines; 91-17 KDS Aviation;
93-10 Costello.
Of Investigative File in Unrelated 92-46 Sutton-Sautter.
Case.
Sanctions for...................... 91-17 KDS Aviation; 91-54
Alaska Airlines.
Double Jeopardy........................ 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Due Process:
Before finding a violation......... 90-27 Gabbert.
Violation of....................... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12
Continental Airlines; 90-37
Northwest Airlines; 96-1
[Airport Operator].
EAJA:
Adversary Adjudication............. 90-17 Wilson; 91-17 & 91-52 KDS
Aviation; 94-17 TCI; 95-12
Toyota.
Amount of award.................... 95-27 Valley Air.
Appeal from ALJ Decision........... 95-9 Woodhouse.
Expert witness fees................ 95-27 Valley Air.
Further proceedings................ 91-52 KDS Aviation.
Jurisdiction over appeal........... 92-74 Wendt.
Other expenses..................... 93-29 Sweeney.
Position of agency................. 95-27 Valley Air.
Prevailing party................... 91-52 KDS Aviation.
Special circumstances.............. 95-18 Pacific Sky.
Substantial justification.......... 91-52 & 92-71 KDS Aviation; 93-
9 Wendt; 95-18 Pacific Sky; 95-
27 Valley Air.
Supplementation of application..... 95-27 Valley Air.
Evidence (See Proof & Evidence)
Ex Parte Communications................ 93-10 Costello; 95-16 Mulhall;
95-19 Rayner.
Expert Witnesses (See Witness)
Extension of Time:
By Agreement of Parties............ 89-6 American Airlines; 92-41
Moore & Sabre Associates.
Dismissal by Decisionmaker......... 89-7 Zenkner; 90-39 Hart.
Good Cause for..................... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories.
Objection to....................... 89-8 Thunderbird Accessories;
93-3 Wendt.
Who may grant...................... 90-27 Gabbert.
Federal Courts......................... 92-7 West.
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure....... 91-17 KDS Aviation.
Federal Rules of Evidence (See also
Proof & Evidence).
Settlement Offers.................. 95-16 Mulhall.
Final Oral Argument.................... 92-3 Park.
Firearms (See Weapons)
Ferry Flights.......................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Flight & Duty Time:
Circumstances beyond control of the 95-8 Charter Airlines.
crew.
Foreseeability................. 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Late freight................... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Weather........................ 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Competency check flights........... 96-4 South Aero.
Limitation of Duty Time............ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 96-4
South Aero.
Limitation of Flight Time.......... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
``Other commercial flying''.... 95-8 Charter Airlines.
Flights................................ 94-20 Conquest Helicopters.
Freedom of Information Act............. 93-10 Costello.
Fuel Exhaustion........................ 95-26 Hereth.
Guns (See Weapons)
Hazardous Materials Transp. Act........ 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-76
Safety Equipment; 92-77 TCI;
94-19 Pony Express; 94-28
Toyota; 94-31 Smalling; 95-12
Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall.
[[Page 17942]]
Ability to Pay..................... 95-16 Mulhall.
Installment payments........... 95-16 Mulhall.
Civil Penalty...................... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
Financial hardship and 95-16 Mulhall.
inability to pay.
Minimum penalty................ 95-16 Mulhall.
Corrective Action.................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota.
Criminal Penalty................... 92-77 TCI; 94-31 Smalling.
Culpability........................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling.
EAJA, applicability of............. 94-17 TCI; 95-12 Toyota.
First-time violation............... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling.
Gravity of violation............... 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling.
Individual violations.............. 95-16 Mulhall.
Knowingly.......................... 92-77 TCI; 94-19 Pony Express;
94-31 Smalling.
Informal Conference.................... 94-4 Northwest Aircraft Rental.
Initial Decision:
What constitutes................... 92-32 Barnhill.
Interference with crewmembers (see also 92-3 Park; 96-6 Ignatov.
Passenger Misconduct; Assault).
Interlocutory Appeal................... 89-6 American Airlines; 91-54
Alaska Airlines; 93-37
Airspect; 94-32 Detroit
Metropolitan.
Internal FAA Policy and/or Procedures.. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-12
Continental Airlines; 92-73
Wyatt.
Jurisdiction:
After initial decision............. 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-33 Cato;
92-32 Barnhill; 93-28 Strohl.
After Order Assessing Civil Penalty 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
After withdrawal of complaint...... 94-39.
$50,000 Limit...................... 90-12 Continental Airlines.
EAJA cases......................... 92-74 Wendt.
HazMat cases....................... 92-76 Safety Equipment.
NTSB............................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
Knowledge (See also Weapons
Violations):
Of concealed weapon................ 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt.
Laches (See Unreasonable Delay)
Mailing Rule........................... 89-7 Zenkner; 90-3 Metz; 90-11
Thunderbird Accessories; 90-39
Hart.
Overnight express delivery......... 89-6 American Airlines.
Maintenance (See Aircraft Maintenance)
Maintenance Instruction................ 93-36 Valley Air.
Maintenance Manual..................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
Air carrier maintenance manual..... 96-3 America West Airlines.
Approved/accepted repair methods... 96-3 America West Airlines.
Manufacturer's maintenance manual.. 96-3 America West Airlines.
Minimum Equipment List (MEL) (See
Aircraft Maintenance)
Mootness:
Appeal dismissed as moot........... 92-9 Griffin; 94-17 TCI.
National Aviation Safety Inspection 90-16 Rocky Mountain.
Program (NASIP).
National Transportation Safety Board:
Administrator not bound by NTSB 91-12 Terry & Menne: 92-49
case law. Richardson & Shimp; 93-18
Westair Commuter.
Lack of Jurisdiction............... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
90-17 Wilson; 92-74 Wendt.
Notice of Hearing:
Receipt............................ 92-31 Eaddy.
Notice of Proposed Civil Penalty:
Initiates Action................... 91-9 Continental Airlines.
Signature of agency attorney....... 93-12 Langton.
Withdrawal of...................... 90-17 Wilson.
Operate................................ 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 93-
18 Westair Commuter.
Oral Argument:
Decision to hold................... 92-16 Wendt.
Instructions for................... 92-27 Wendt.
Order Assessing Civil Penalty:
Appeal from........................ 92-1 Costello; 95-19 Rayner.
Timeliness of request for hearing.. 95-19 Rayner.
Withdrawal of...................... 89-4 Metz; 90-16 Rocky
Mountain; 90-22 USAir; 95-19
Rayner.
Parts Manufacturer Approval:
Failure to obtain.................. 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply.
Passenger Misconduct................... 92-3 Park.
Assault............................ 96-6 Ignatov.
Interference with a crewmember..... 96-6 Ignatov.
Smoking............................ 92-37 Giuffrida.
Penalty (See Sanction)
Person................................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
Proof & Evidence (See also Federal
Rules of Evidence):
Affirmative Defense................ 92-13 Delta Air Lines; 92-72
Giuffrida.
Burden of Proof.................... 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-3
Lewis; 91-30 Trujillo; 92-13
Delta Air Lines; 92-72
Giuffrida; 93-29 Sweeney.
Circumstantial Evidence............ 90-12, 90-19 & 91-9 Continental
Airlines; 93-29 Sweeney; 96-3
America West Airlines.
[[Page 17943]]
Credibility (See Administrative Law
Judges; Credibility of Witnesses)
Closing Arguments.................. 94-20 Conquest Helicopters.
Criminal standard rejected......... 91-12 Terry & Menne.
Extra-record material.............. 95-26 Hereth.
Hearsay............................ 92-72 Giuffrida.
Preponderance of evidence.......... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
90-12 Continental Airlines; 91-
12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-
72 Giuffrida.
Presumption that message on ATC 91-12 Terry & Menne; 92-49
tape is received as transmitted. Richardson & Shimp.
Presumption that a gun is deadly or 90-26 Waddell; 91-30 Trujillo.
dangerous.
Prima facie case................... 95-26 Hereth.
Settlement offer................... 95-16 Mulhall.
Substantial evidence............... 92-72 Giuffrida.
Prima Facie Case. (See also Proof & 95-26 Hereth; 96-3 America West
Evidence). Airlines.
Pro Se Parties:
Special Considerations............. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
90-3 Metz; 95-25 Conquest.
Prosecutorial Discretion............... 89-6 American Airlines; 90-23
Broyles; 90-38 Continental
Airlines; 91-41 (Airport
Operator); 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter; 92-73 Wyatt; 95-17
Larry's Flying Service.
Reconsideration:
Denied by ALJ...................... 89-4 & 90-2 Metz.
Granted by ALJ..................... 92-32 Barnhill.
Repetitious petitions.............. 96-9 (Airport Operator).
Stay of Order Pending.............. 90-31 Carroll; 90-32
Continental Airlines.
Remand................................. 86-6 American Airlines; 90-16
Rocky Mountain; 90-24 Bayer;
91-51 Hagwood; 91-54 Alaska
Airlines; 92-1 Costello; 92-76
Safety Equipment; 94-37
Houston.
Repair Station......................... 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-2
Woodhouse.
Request for Hearing.................... 94-37 Houston; 95-19 Rayner.
Rules of Practice (14 CFR Part 13,
Subpart G)
Applicability of................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
Continental Airlines; 91-17
KDS Aviation.
Challenges to...................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
Continental Airlines, 90-21
Carroll; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines.
Effect of Changes in............... 90-21 Carroll; 90-22 USAir; 90-
38 Continental Airlines.
Initiation of Action............... 91-9 Continental Airlines.
Runway incursions...................... 92-40 Wendt; 93-18 Westair
Commuter.
Sanction:
Ability to Pay..................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 91-3
Lewis; 91-38 Essau; 92-10
Flight Unlimited; 92-32
Barnhill; 92-37 & 92-72
Giuffrida; 92-38 Cronberg; 92-
46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51
Koblick; 93-10 Costello; 94-4
Northwest Aircraft Rental; 94-
20 Conquest Helicopters; 95-16
Mulhall; 95-17 Larry's Flying
Service.
Agency policy:
ALJ Bound by................... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 92-46
Sutton-Sautter.
Statements of (e.g., FAA Order 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-
2150.3A, Sanction Guidance 23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 90-37
Table, memoranda pertaining Northwest Airlines; 92-46
to). Sutton-Sautter; 96-4 South
Aero.
Consistency with Precedent......... 96-6 Ignatov.
Corrective Action.................. 91-18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40
[Airport Operator]; 91-41
[Airport Operator]; 92-5 Delta
Air Lines; 93-18 Westair
Commuter; 94-28 Toyota; 96-4
South Aero.
Discovery (See Discovery)
Factors to consider................ 89-5 Schultz; 90-23 Broyles; 90-
37 Northwest Airlines; 91-3
Lewis; 91-18 [Airport
Operator]; 91-40 [Airport
Operator]; 91-41 [Airport
Operator]; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 94-28
Toyota; 95-11 Horizon.
First-Time Offenders............... 89-5 Schultz; 92-5 Delta Air
Lines; 92-51 Koblick.
HazMat (See Hazardous Materials
Transp. Act)
Inexperience....................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited.
Installment Payments............... 95-16 Mulhall; 95-17 Larry's
Flying Service.
Maintenance........................ 95-11 Horizon; 96-3 America
West Airlines.
Maximum............................ 90-10 Webb; 91-53 Koller.
Minimum (HazMat)................... 95-16 Mulhall.
Modified........................... 89-5 Schulta; 90-11 Thunderbird
Accessories; 91-38 Esau; 92-10
Flight Unlimited; 92-13 Delta
Air Lines; 92-32 Barnhill.
Partial Dismissal of Compalint/Full 94-19 Pony Express; 94-40
Sanction (See also Complaint). Polynesian Airways.
Sanctions in specific cases:
Pilot Deviation................ 92-8 Watkins.
Test object detection.......... 90-18 & 90-19 Continental
Airlines.
Unauthorized access............ 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-
37 Northwest Airlines; 94-1
Delta Air Lines.
Weapons cases.................. 90-23 Broyles; 90-33 Cato; 91-3
Lewis; 91-38 Esau; 92-32
Barnhill; 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter; 92-51 Koblick; 94-5
Grant.
Screening of Persons:
[[Page 17944]]
Air Carrier failure to detect
weapon.
Sanction....................... 94-44 American Airlines.
Entering Sterile Areas............. 90-24 Bayer; 92-58 Hoedl.
Security (See Screening of Persons,
Standard Security Program, Test Object
Detection, Unauthorized Access,
Weapons Violations)
Separation of Functions................ 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-
18 Continental Airlines; 90-19
Continental Airlines; 90-21
Carroll; 90-38 Continental
Airlines; 93-13 Medel.
Service (See also Mailing Rule):
Of NPCP............................ 90-22 USAir.
Of FNPCP........................... 93-13 Medel.
Valid Service...................... 92-18 Bargen.
Settlement............................. 91-50 & 92-1 Costello; 95-16
Mulhall.
Smoking................................ 92-37 Giuffrida; 94-18
Luxemburg.
Standard Security Program (SSP):
Compliance with.................... 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
Continental Airlines; 91-33
Delta Air Lines; 91-55
Continental Airlines; 92-13 &
94-1 Delta Air Lines.
Stay of Orders......................... 90-31 Carroll; 90-32
Continental Airlines.
Pending judicial review............ 95-14 Charter Airlines.
Strict Liability....................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-27 Gabbert; 91-
18 [Airport Operator]; 91-40
[Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator].
Test Object Detection.................. 90-12, 90-18, 90-19, 91-9 & 91-
55 Continental Airlines; 92-13
Delta Air Lines.
Proof of violation................. 90-18, 90-19 & 91-9 Continental
Airlines; 92-13 Delta Air
Lines.
Sanction........................... 90-18 & 90-19 Continental
Airlines.
Timeliness (See also Complaint; Mailing
Rule; and Appeals):
Of response to NPCP................ 90-22 USAir.
Of complaint....................... 91-51 Hagwood; 93-13 Medel; 94-
7 Hereth.
Of NPCP............................ 92-73 Wyatt.
Of request for hearing............. 93-12 Langton; 95-19 Rayner.
Unapproved Parts (See also Parts 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply.
Manufacturer Approval).
Unauthorized Access:
To Aircraft........................ 90-12 & 90-19 Continental
Airlines; 94-1 Delta Air
Lines.
To Air Operations Area (AOA)....... 90-37 Northwest Airlines; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 91-40
[Airport Operator]; 91-58
[Airport Operator]; 94-1 Delta
Air Lines.
Unreasonable Delay:
In Initiating Action............... 90-21 Carroll.
Visual Cues Indicating Runway, Adequacy 92-40 Wendt.
of.
Weapons Violations:
Generally.......................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-20
Degenhardt; 90-23 Broyles; 90-
33 Cato; 90-26 & 90-43
Waddell; 91-3 Lewis; 91-30
Trujillo; 91-38 Esau; 91-53
Koller; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-46
Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick;
92-59 Petek-Jackson; 94-5
Grant; 94-44 American
Airlines.
Concealment (See Concealment)
``Deadly or Dangerous''............ 90-26 & 90-43 Waddell; 91-30
Trujillo; 91-38 Esau.
First-time Offenders............... 89-5 Schultz.
Intent to commit violation......... 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt;
90-23 Broyles; 90-26 Waddell;
91-3 Lewis; 91-53 Koller.
Knowledge:
Of Weapon Concealment (See also 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt.
Knowledge).
Sanction (See ``Sanction'')
Weight and Balance..................... 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
Witnesses:
Absence of, Failure to subpoena.... 92-3 Park.
Expert testimony (See also
Credibility)
Evaluation of.................. 93-17 Metcalf; 94-3 Valley Air;
94-21 Sweeney; 96-3 America
West Airlines.
Expert witness fees (See EAJA).
Regulations (Title 14 CFR, unless
otherwise noted):
1.1 (maintenance).................. 94-38 Bohan.
1.1 (major repair)................. 96-3 America West Airlines.
1.1 (minor repair)................. 96-3 America West Airlines.
1.1 (operate)...................... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 93-
18 Westair Commuter.
1.1 (person)....................... 93-18 Westair Commuter.
13.16.............................. 90-16 Rocky Mountain; 90-22
USAir; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 90-38 & 91-9
Continental Airlines; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 91-51
Hagwood; 92-1 Costello; 92-46
Sutton-Sautter; 93-13 Medel;
93-28 Strohl; 94-27 Larsen; 94-
37 Houston; 94-31 Smalling; 95-
1 Rayner.
13.201............................. 90-12 Continental Airlines.
13.202............................. 90-6 American Airlines; 92-76
Safety Equipment.
13.203............................. 90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-
21 Carroll; 90-38 Continental
Airlines.
13.204............................. ...............................
[[Page 17945]]
13.205............................. 90-20 Degenhardt; 91-17 KDS
Aviation; 91-54 Alaska
Airlines; 92-32 Barnhill; 94-
32 Detroit Metropolitan; 94-39
Kirola; 95-16 Mulhall.
13.206............................. ...............................
13.207............................. 94-39 Kirola.
13.208............................. 90-21 Carroll; 91-51 Hagwood;
92-73 Wyatt; 92-76 Safety
Equipment; 93-13 Medel; 93-28
Strohl; 94-7 Hereth.
13.209............................. 90-3 Metz; 90-15 Playter; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 92-32
Barnhill; 92-47 Cornwall; 92-
75 Beck; 92-76 Safety
Equipment; 94-8 Nunez; 94-5
Grant; 94-22 Harkins; 94-29
Sutton; 94-30 Columna; 95-10
Diamond; 95-28 Valley Air.
13.210............................. 92-19 Cornwall; 92-75 Beck; 92-
76 Safety Equipment; 93-7
Dunn; 93-28 Strohl; 94-5
Grant; 94-30 Columna; 95-28
Valley Air.
13.211............................. 89-6 American Airlines; 89-7
Zenkner; 90-3 Metz; 90-11
Thunderbird Accessories; 90-39
Hart; 91-24 Esau; 92-1
Costello; 92-9 Griffin; 92-18
Bargen; 92-19 Cornwall; 92-57
Detroit Metro. Wayne County
Airport; 92-74 Wendt; 92-76
Safety Equipment; 93-2 Wendt;
94-5 Grant; 94-18 Luxenburg;
94-29 Sutton; 95-12 Toyota; 95-
28 Valley Air.
13.212............................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
91-2 Continental Airlines.
13.213............................. ...............................
13.214............................. 91-3 Lewis.
13.215............................. 93-28 Strohl; 94-39 Kirola.
13.216............................. ...............................
13.217............................. 91-17 KDS Aviation.
13.218............................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-11
Thunderbird Accessories; 90-39
Hart; 92-9 Griffin; 92-73
Wyatt; 93-19 Pacific Sky
Supply; 94-6 Strohl; 94-27
Larsen; 94-37 Houston; 95-18
Rayner.
13.219............................. 89-6 American Airlines; 91-2
Continental Airlines; 91-54
Alaska Airlines; 93-37
Airspect; 94-32 Detroit Metro.
Wayne Airport.
13.220............................. 89-6 American Airlines; 90-20
Carroll; 91-8 Watts
Agricultural Aviation; 91-17
KDS Aviation; 91-54 Alaska
Airlines; 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter.
13.221............................. 92-29 Haggland; 92-31 Eaddy; 92-
52 Cullop.
13.222............................. 92-72 Giuffrida.
13.223............................. 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-
72 Giuffrida; 95-26 Hereth.
13.224............................. 90-26 Waddell; 91-4 [Airport
Operator]; 92-72 Giuffrida; 94-
18 Luxemburg; 94-28 Toyota; 95-
25 Conquest.
13.225
13.226
13.227............................. 90-21 Carroll; 95-26 Hereth.
13.228............................. 92-3 Park.
13.229.............................
13.230............................. 92-19 Cornwall; 95-26 Hereth.
13.231............................. 92-3 Park.
13.232............................. 89-5 Schultz; 90-20 Degenhardt;
92-1 Costello 92-18 Bargen; 92-
32 Barnhill; 93-28 Strohl; 94-
28 Toyota 95-12 Toyota; 95-16
Mulhall 96-6 Ignatov.
13.233............................. 89-1 Gressani; 89-4 Metz; 89-5
Schultz; 89-7 Zenkner; 89-8
Thunderbird Accessories; 90-3
Metz; 90-11 Thunderbird
Accessories; 90-19 Continental
Airlines 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-
25 & 90-27 Gabbert; 90-35 P.
Adams; 90-19 Continental
Airlines; 90-39 Hart; 91-2
Continental Airlines; 91-3
Lewis; 91-7 Pardue; 91-8 Watts
Agricultural Aviation; 91-10
Graham; 91-11 Continental
Airlines; 91-12 Bargen; 91-24
Esau; 91-26 Britt Airways; 91-
31 Terry & Menne; 91-32
Bargen; 91-43 & 91-44 Delta;
91-45 Park; 91-46 Delta; 91-47
Delta; 91-48 Wendt; 91-52 KDS
Aviation; 91-53 Koller; 92-1
Costello; 92-3 Park; 92-7
West; 92-11 Alilin; 92-15
Dillman; 92-16 Wendt; 92-18
Bargen; 92-19 Cornwall; 92-27
Wendt; 92-32 Barnhill; 92-34
Carrell; 92-35 Bay Land
Aviation; 92-36 Southwest
Airlines; 92-39 Beck; 92-45
O'Brien; 92-52 Beck; 92-56
Montauk Caribbean Airways; 92-
57 Detroit Metro. Wayne Co.
Airport; 92-67 USAir; 92-69
McCabe; 92-72 Giuffrida; 92-74
Wendt; 92-78 TWA; 93-5 Wendt;
93-6 Westair Commuter; 93-7
Dunn; 93-8 Nunez; 93-19
Pacific Sky Supply; 93-23
Allen; 93-27 Simmons; 93-28
Strohl; 93-31 Allen; 93-32
Nunez; 94-9 B & G Instruments;
94-10 Boyle; 94-12 Bartusiak;
94-15 Columna; 94-18
Luxemburg; 94-23 Perez; 94-24
Page; 94-26 French Aircraft;
94-28 Toyota; 95-2 Meronek; 95-
9 Woodhouse; 95-13 Kilrain; 95-
23 Atlantic World Airways; 95-
25 Conquest; 95-26 Hereth; 96-
1 [Airport Operator]; 96-2
Skydiving Center.
13.234............................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-
31 Carroll; 90-32 & 90-38
Continental Airlines; 91-4
[Airport Operator]; 95-12
Toyota; 96-9 [Airport
Operator].
13.235............................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
90-12 Continental Airlines; 90-
15 Playter; 90-17 Wilson; 92-7
West.
[[Page 17946]]
Part 14............................ 92-74 & 93-2 Wendt; 95-18
Pacific Sky Supply.
14.01.............................. 91-17 & 92-71 KDS Aviation.
14.04.............................. 91-17, 91-52 & 92-71 KDS
Aviation; 93-10 Costello; 95-
27 Valley Air.
14.05.............................. 90-17 Wilson.
14.12.............................. 95-27 Valley Air.
14.20.............................. 91-52 KDS Aviation.
14.22.............................. 93-29 Sweeney.
14.26.............................. 91-52 KDS Aviation; 95-27
Valley Air.
14.28.............................. 95-9 Woodhouse.
21.303............................. 93-19 Pacific Sky Supply; 95-18
Pacific Sky Supply.
25.855............................. 92-37 Giuffrida.
39.3............................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-4
Northwest Aircraft Rental.
43.3............................... 92-73 Wyatt.
43.9............................... 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation.
43.13.............................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories;
94-3 Valley Air; 94-38 Bohan;
America West Airlines.
43.15.............................. 90-25 & 90-27 Gabbert; 91-8
Watts Agricultural Aviation;
94-2 Woodhouse.
65.15.............................. 92-73 Wyatt.
65.92.............................. 92-73 Wyatt.
91.8 (91.11 as of 8/18/90)......... 92-3 Park.
91.9 (91.13 as of 8/18/90)......... 90-15 Playter, 91-12 & 91-31
Terry & Menne; 92-8 Watkins;
92-40 Wendt; 92-48 USAir; 92-
49 Richardson & Shimp; 92-47
Cornwall; 92-70 USAir; 93-9
Wendt; 93-17 Metcalf; 93-18
Westair Commuter; 93-29
Sweeney; 94-29 Sutton; 95-26
Hereth.
91.11.............................. 96-6 Ignatov.
91-29 (91.7 as of 8/18/90)......... 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation; 92-10 Flight
Unlimited; 94-4 Northwest
Aircraft Rental.
91.65 (91.111 as of 8/18/90)....... 91-29 Sweeney; 94-21 Sweeney.
91.67 (91.113 as of 8/18/90)....... 91-29 Sweeney.
91.75 (91.123 as of 8/18/90)....... 91-12 & 91.31 Terry & Menne; 92-
8 Watkins; 92-40 Wendt; 92-49
Richardson & Shimp; 93-9
Wendt.
91.79 (91.119 as of 8/18/90)....... 90-15 Playter; 92-47 Cornwall;
93-17 Metcalf.
91.87 (91.129 as of 8/18/90)....... 91-12 & 91-31 Terry & Menne; 92-
8 Watkins.
91.103............................. 95-26 Hereth.
91.151............................. 95-26 Hereth.
91.173 (91.417 as of 8/18/90)...... 91-8 Watts Agricultural
Aviation.
91.703............................. 94-29 Sutton.
107.1.............................. 90-19 Continental Airlines; 90-
20 Degenhardt; 91-4 [Airport
Operator]; 91-58 [Airport
Operator].
107.13............................. 90-12 & 90-19 Continental
Airlines; 91-4 [Airport
Operator]; 91-18 [Airport
Operator]; 91-40 [Airport
Operator]; 91-41 [Airport
Operator]; 91-58 [Airport
Operator]; 96-1 [Airport
Operator].
107.20............................. 90-24 Bayer; 92-58 Hoedl.
107.21............................. 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-22
Degenhardt; 90-23 Broyles; 90-
26 & 90-43 Waddell; 90-33
Cato; 90-39 Hart; 91-3 Lewis;
91-10 Graham; 91-30 Trujillo;
91-38 Esau; 91-53 Koller; 92-
32 Barnhill; 92-38 Cronberg;
92-46 Sutton-Sautter; 92-51
Koblick; 92-59 Petek-Jackson;
94-5 Grant; 94-31 Smalling.
107.25............................. 94-30 Columna.
108.5.............................. 90-12, 90-18, 90-19, 91-2, & 91-
9 Continental Airlines; 91-33
Delta Air Lines; 91-54 Alaska
Airlines; 91-55 Continental
Airlines; 92-13 & 94-1 Delta
Air Lines; 94-44 American
Airlines.
108.7.............................. 90-18 & 90-19 Continental
Airlines.
108.11............................. 90-23 Broyles; 90-26 Waddell;
91-3 Lewis; 92-46 Sutton-
Sautter; 94-44 American
Airlines.
108.13............................. 90-12 & 90-19 Continental
Airlines; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines.
121.133............................ 90-18 Continental Airlines.
121.153............................ 92-48 & 92-70 USAir; 95-11
Horizon; 96-3 America West
Airlines.
121.317............................ 92-37 Giuffrida; 94-18
Luxemburg.
121.318............................ 92-37 Giuffrida.
121.367............................ 90-12 Continental Airlines.
121.571............................ 92-37 Giuffrida.
121.628............................ 95-11 Horizon.
135.1.............................. 95-8 Charter Airlines; 95-25
Conquest.
135.5.............................. 94-3 Valley Air; 94-20 Conquest
Helicopters; 95-25 Conquest;
95-27 Valley Air.
135.25............................. 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 94-3
Valley Air; 95-27 Valley Air.
135.63............................. 94-40 Polynesian Airways; 95-17
Larry's Flying Service; 95-28
Atlantic; 96-4 South Aero.
135.87............................. 90-21 Carroll.
135.95............................. 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
135.185............................ 94-40 Polynesian Airways.
135.263............................ 95-9 Charter Airlines; 96-4
South Aero.
135.267............................ 95-8 Charter Airlines; 95-17
Larry's Flying Service; 96-4
South Aero.
[[Page 17947]]
135.293............................ 195-17 Larry's Flying Service;
96-4 South Aero.
135.343............................ 95-17 Larry's Flying Service.
135.413............................ 94-3 Valley Air.
135.421............................ 93-36 Valley Air; 94-3 Valley
Air.
135.437............................ 94-3 Valley Air.
145.53............................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
145.57............................. 94-2 Woodhouse.
145.61............................. 90-11 Thunderbird Accessories.
191................................ 90-12 & 90-19 Continental
Airlines; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines.
298.1.............................. 92-10 Flight Unlimited.
302.8.............................. 90-22 USAir.
49 CFR:
1.47............................... 92-76 Safety Equipment.
171 et seq......................... 95-10 Diamond.
171.2.............................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
171.8.............................. 92-77 TCI.
172.101............................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling.
172.200............................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 95-16
Mulhall.
172.202............................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
172.203............................ 94-28 Toyota.
172.204............................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
172.300............................ 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
172.301............................ 94-31 Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
172.304............................ 92-77 TCI; 94-31 Smalling; 95-
16 Mulhall.
172.400............................ 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
172.402............................ 94-28 Toyota.
172.406............................ 92-77 TCI.
173.1.............................. 92-77 TCI; 94-28 Toyota; 94-31
Smalling; 95-16 Mulhall.
173.3.............................. 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
173.6.............................. 94-28 Toyota.
173.22(a).......................... 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
173.24............................. 94-28 Toyota; 95-16 Mulhall.
173.25............................. 94-28 Toyota.
173.27............................. 92-77 TCI.
173.115............................ 92-77 TCI.
173.240............................ 92-77 TCI.
173.243............................ 94-28 Toyota.
173.260............................ 94-28 Toyota.
173.266............................ 94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling.
175.25............................. 94-31 Smalling.
821.30............................. 92-73 Wyatt.
821.33............................. 90-21 Carroll.
Statutes
5 U.S.C.:
504................................ 90-17 Wilson; 91-17 & 92-71 KDS
Aviation; 92-74, 93-2 & 93-9
Wendt; 93-29 Sweeney; 94-17
TCI; 95-27 Valley Air.
552................................ 90-12, 90-18 & 90-19
Continental Airlines; 93-10
Costello.
554................................ 90-18 Continental Airlines; 90-
21 Carroll; 95-12 Toyota.
556................................ 90-21 Carroll; 91-54 Alaska
Airlines.
557................................ 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-21
Carroll; 90-37 Northwest
Airlines; 94-28 Toyota.
705................................ 95-14 Charter Airlines.
5332............................... 95-27 Valley Air.
11 U.S.C.:
362................................ 91-2 Continental Airlines.
28 U.S.C.:
2412............................... 93-10 Costello.
2462............................... 90-21 Carroll.
49 U.S.C.:
5123............................... 95-16 Mulhall.
44701.............................. 96-6 Ignatov.
44704.............................. 96-3 America West Airlines.
49 U.S.C. App.:
1301(31) (operate)................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
(32) (person).................. 93-18 Westair Commuter.
1356............................... 90-18 & 90-19, 91-2 Continental
Airlines.
1357............................... 90-18, 90-19 & 91-2 Continental
Airlines; 91-41 [Airport
Operator]; 91-58 [Airport
Operator].
1421............................... 92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-48
USAir; 92-70 USAir; 93-9
Wendt.
1429............................... 92-73 Wyatt.
[[Page 17948]]
1471............................... 89-5 Schultz; 90-10 Webb; 90-20
Degenhardt; 90-12, 90-18 & 90-
19 Continental Airlines; 90-23
Broyles; 90-26 & 90-43
Waddell; 90-33 Cato; 90-37
Northwest Airlines; 90-39
Hart; 91-2 Continental
Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 90-53
Koller; 92-5 Delta Air Lines;
92-10 Flight Unlimited; 92-46
Sutton-Sautter; 92-51 Koblick;
92-74 Wendt; 92-76 Safety
Equipment; 94-20 Conquest
Helicopters; 94-40 Polynesian
Airways; 96-6 Ignatov.
1472............................... 96-6 Ignatov.
1475............................... 90-20 Degenhardt; 90-12
Continental Airlines; 90-18,
90-19 & 91-1 Continental
Airlines; 91-3 Lewis; 91-18
[Airport Operator]; 94-40
Polynesian Airways.
1486............................... 90-21 Carroll.
1809............................... 92-77 TCI; 94-19 Pony Express;
94-28 Toyota; 94-31 Smalling;
95-12 Toyota.
Civil Penalty Actions--Orders Issued by the Administrator Digests
(Current as of March 31, 1996)
The digests of the Administrator's final decisions and orders are
arranged by order number, and briefly summarize key points of the
decision. The following compilation of digests includes all final
decisions and orders issued by the Administrator from January 1, 1996,
to March 31, 1996. The FAA will publish noncumulative supplements to
this compilation on a quarterly basis (e.g., April, July, October, and
January of each year).
These digests do not constitute legal authority, and should not be
cited or relied upon as such. The digests are not intended to serve as
a substitute for proper legal research. Parties, attorneys, and other
interested persons should always consult the full text of the
Administrator's decision before citing them in any context.
In the Matter of: [Airport Operator]
Order No. 96-1 (1/4/96)
Vehicle Gates Must Control Pedestrian Access. This case arose when
FAA security inspectors found gaps, under or near two vehicle gates at
the airport, that were large enough to permit unauthorized individuals
to slip through into the air operations area. Despite repeated and
warnings from the inspectors, the airport operator failed to correct
the problem. The airport operator argued that it did not violate 14 CFR
107.13(a)(1), the regulation requiring it to control access to the air
operations area, because the gates were vehicles gates. Contrary to the
airport operator's arguments, the vehicle gates must control pedestrian
access.
Regulation Not Unconstitutional. Section 107.13(a)(1) is not
unconstitutionally vague or overbroad.
Penalty. The law judge's imposition of a $1,000 civil penalty is
affirmed.
In the Matter of: Skydiving Center of Washington, D.C.
Order No. 96-2 (1/5/96)
Appeal Dismissed. Complainant has failed to prefect its appeal by
filing an appeal brief, as required by the Rules of Practice.
Therefore, its appeal is dismissed.
In the Matter of: America West Airlines
Order No. 96-3 (2/13/96)
Failure to use methods acceptable to the Administrator. America
West violated 14 CFR 43.13(a) when it repaired three Boeing 737s with
speed tape. It employed methods that were not in the Boeing Structural
Repair Manual and had not been accepted or approved by the
Administrator for this type and extent of damage to these aircraft.
America West failed to prove that it had used practices that were in
keeping with those employed in the industry for this type of damage to
these aircraft. Air carriers must use repair methods that have been
approved or accepted by the Administrator even if the actual minor
repair on a particular aircraft does not have to be inspected by a FAA
representative before putting the aircraft back into service.
Airworthiness. There is a two-prong test for airworthiness: (1) the
aircraft must conform to its type design or supplemental type design
and to any applicable airworthiness directives, and (2) it must be in a
condition for safe operation. In this case, the parties stipulated that
the aircraft with the minor damage and temporary speed tape repairs did
not present a safety problem. However, the aircraft with the minor
damage (engine fan cowl puncture of a Boeing 737-300, and flap trailing
edge delamination of a Boeing 737-200 and a Boeing 737-300) and the
speed tape were not in conformity with their type designs. Although the
type designs were not introduced into evidence, there was still
sufficient circumstantial evidence to prove that the aircraft did not
conform to their type designs. Consequently, America West violated 14
CFR 121.153 when it operated these aircraft in an unairworthy
condition.
Sanction. The civil penalties totalling $44,750, for these
operational and maintenance violations are affirmed.
In the Matter of: South Aero
Order No. 96-4 (2/13/96)
Competency Check Flights. Competency check flights administered by
a company check pilot in a company plane occurred on duty time rather
than rest time and therefore needed to be recorded on the company's
flight and duty time records, even though the air carrier did not pay
the pilots specifically for the time the pilots spent taking their
competency checks.
In the Matter of: Alphin Aircraft, Inc.
Order No. 96-5 (2/13/96)
Petition for Modification Granted. FAA Order No. 95-22 is modified
in part to allow Alphin Aircraft to file an appeal brief within 30 days
of service of FAA Order No. 96-5.
In the Matter of: Evgeniy V. Ignatov
Order No. 96-6 (2/13/96)
Assault and Interference with Crewmember. Willful intent to injure
need not be present to show assault under 14 CFR 91.11, which prohibits
assaulting, intimidating, threatening, or interfering with a crewmember
in the performance of the crewmember's duties. Under Section 91.11,
assault includes the concept of battery. In the instant case,
Respondent committed two separate violations of Section 91.11. The
first violation, which consisted of interfering with a crewmember,
occurred when Respondent refused to sit down in compliance with the
seat belt light and the flight attendant's request, and when he blocked
the flight attendant's passage as she was attempting to serve the
passengers. The second violation, which consisted of assault, occurred
when Respondent pushed past the flight attendant when there was not
enough room to get by
[[Page 17949]]
safely, grabbed the flight attendant's shoulders, and stepped on the
flight attendant's foot, causing her sharp pain and a bruise.
Section. The civil penalty the law judge imposed, of $750 for one
violation and $1,000 for the other, is not too severe. Although
Respondent points out that in another case involving the same
regulation, the civil penalty assessed was only $1,000, that case
involved only one violation of Section 91.11, while the instant case
involves two separate violations.
In the Matter of: Delta Air Lines, Inc.
Order No. 96-7 (2/15/96)
Appeals Dismissed. The parties have withdrawn their respective
notices of appeal in this matter. Therefore, the cross-appeals are
dismissed.
In the Matter of: Empire Airlines, Inc.
Order No. 96-8 (2/29/96)
Appeals Dismissed. The parties have withdrawn their respective
notices of appeal in this matter. Therefore, the cross-appeals are
dismissed.
In the Matter of: [Airport Operator]
Order No. 96-9 (3/5/96)
Reconsideration Denied. Nothing in the airport operator's petition
for reconsideration warrants modification or reversal of Order No. 96-
1. Notably absent from the petition is any case law or other legal
authority to support the airport operator's contention that Order No.
96-1 was in error. Moreover, the principal arguments contained in the
petition are not new. They have already been considered and rejected by
the Administrator. Section 13.234(d) of the Rules of Practice, 14 CFR
13.234(d), permits the Administrator to dismiss summarily petitions to
reconsider that are repetitious.
In the Matter of: U.S. Air, Inc.
Order No. 96-10 (3/11/96)
Appeal dismissed. Complainant withdrew its appeal from the law
judge's initial decision. Complainant's appeal is dismissed.
In the Matter of: US Air, Inc.
Order No. 96-11 (3/19/96)
Appeal dismissed. Respondent withdrew its appeal from the law
judge's initial decision. Respondent's appeal is dismissed.
In the Matter of: U.S. Air, Inc.
Order No. 96-12 (3/19/96)
Appeal dismissed. Respondent withdrew its appeal from the law
judge's initial decision. Respondent's appeal is dismissed.
Commercial Reporting Services of the Administrator's Civil Penalty
Decisions and Orders
In June 1991, as a public service, the FAA began releasing to
commercial publishers the Administrator's decisions and orders in civil
penalty cases. The goal was to make these decisions and orders more
accessible to the public. The Administrator's decisions and orders in
civil penalty cases are now available in the following commercial
publications:
AvLex, published by Aviation Daily, 1156 15th Street, NW,
Washington, DC 20005, (202) 822-4669;
Civil Penalty Cases Digest Service, published by Hawkins Publishing
Company, Inc., P.O. Box 480, Mayo, MD 21106, (410) 798-1677;
Federal Aviation Decisions, Clark Boardman Callaghan, 50 Broad
Street East, Rochester, NY 14694, (716) 546-1490.
The decisions and orders may be obtained on disk from Aviation
Records, Inc., P.O. Box 172, Battle Ground, WA 98604, (206) 896-0376.
Aeroflight Publications, P.O. Box 854, 433 Main Street, Gruver, TX
79040, (806) 733-2483, is placing the decisions on CD-ROM. Finally, the
Administrator's decisions and orders in civil penalty cases are
available on Compuserve and FedWorld.
The FAA has stated previously that publication of the subject-
matter index and the digests may be discontinued once a commercial
reporting service publishes similar information in a timely and
accurate manner. No decision has been made yet on this matter, and for
the time being, the FAA will continue to prepare and publish the
subject-matter index and digests.
FAA Offices
The Administrator's decisions and orders, indexes, and digests are
available for public inspection and copying at the following location
in FAA headquarters:
FAA Hearing Docket, Federal Aviation Administration; 800
Independence Avenue, SW., Room 924A, Washington, DC 20591; (202)
267-3641.
These materials are also available at all FAA regional and center
legal offices at the following locations:
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Aeronautical
Center (AMC-7), Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center, 6500 South
MacArthur Blvd., Oklahoma City, OK 73125; (405) 954-3296.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Alaskan Region
(AAL-7), Alaskan Region Headquarters, 222 West 7th Avenue,
Anchorage, AK 99513; (907) 271-5269.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Central Region
(ACE-7), Central Region Headquarters, 601 East 12th Street, Federal
Building, Kansas City, MO 64106; (816) 426-5446.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Eastern Region
(AEA-7), Eastern Region Headquarters, JFK International Airport,
Federal Building, Jamaica, NY 11430; (718) 553-3285.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Great Lakes Region
(AGL-7), 2300 East Devon Avenue, Suite 419, Des Plaines, IL 60018;
(708) 294-7108.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the New England Region
(ANE-7), New England Region Headquarters, 12 New England Executive
Park, Room 401, Burlington, MA 01803-5299; (617) 238-7050.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Northwest Mountain
Region (ANM-7), Northwest Mountain Region Headquarters, 1601 Lind
Avenue, SW, Renton, WA 98055-4056; (206) 227-2007.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Southern Region
(ASO-7), Southern Region Headquarters, 1701 Columbia Avenue, College
Park, GA 30337; (404) 305-5200.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Southwest Region
(ASW-7), Southwest Region Headquarters, 2601 Meacham Blvd., Fort
Worth, TX 76137-4298; (817) 222-5087.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Technical Center
(ACT-7), Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center, Atlantic
City International Airport, Atlantic City, NJ 08405; (609) 485-7087.
Office of the Assistant Chief Counsel for the Western-Pacific
Region (AWP-7), Western-Pacific Region Headquarters, 15000 Aviation
Boulevard, Lawndale, CA 90261; (310) 725-7100.
Issued in Washington, DC on April 11, 1996.
James S. Dillman,
Assistant Chief Counsel for Litigation.
[FR Doc. 96-9962 Filed 4-22-96; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-M