[Federal Register Volume 61, Number 60 (Wednesday, March 27, 1996)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 13395-13418]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 96-6535]



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[[Page 13396]]


NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION

14 CFR Part 1274

RIN 2700-AC07


Cooperative Agreements With Commercial Firms

AGENCY: Office of Procurement, Contract Management Division, NASA.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: Current NASA regulations at 14 CFR part 1260 describe the use 
of cooperative agreements with educational institutions and non-profit 
organizations. This final regulation establishes the requirements for 
cooperative agreements with commercial firms.

EFFECTIVE DATE: March 27, 1996.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. T. Deback, (202) 358-0431.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    NASA published a proposed rule in the Federal Register on June 27, 
1995 (60 FR 33163). Interested parties were invited to submit comments. 
Almost 100 comments were received. All comments were considered in 
developing this final revision. The following section presents a 
summary of the major comments received and a response to each comment. 
Other changes have been made to improve clarity and readability.
    Comment: The draft coverage requires synopsizing cooperative 
agreements awarded as a result of unsolicited proposals. This is not 
required by statute and may result in informing competitors of planned 
R&D and give them an opportunity to submit competing proposals thereby 
discouraging submission of innovative proposals from industry.
    Response: As a general rule, it is important to be as open as 
possible about the expenditure of public funds and this principal led 
to requiring synopses of unsolicited proposals. It is recognized, 
however, that innovative proposals must be protected; therefore the 
policy allows the same exclusions as FAR 5.202(a)(8) which addresses a 
waiver to synopses requirements in the case of unique or innovative 
concepts.
    Comment: The coverage requires that FAR cost principles be utilized 
for cooperative agreements. There is no statutory requirement for this 
and it will require commercial firms to establish special accounting 
procedures. Recommend flexible tracking of costs.
    Response: Government policy is expressed in OMB Circular A-110 
which states in Paragraph 27 that ``The allowability of costs incurred 
by commercial organizations and those nonprofit organizations listed in 
Attachment C to Circular A-122 is determined in accordance with the 
provisions of the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) at 48 CFR part 
31''.
    Comment: Proposed rule appears to incorporate many features of a 
contract vs an assistance instrument. Proposed rule should be 
substantially rewritten.
    Response: The proposed rule does contain some contractual aspects, 
but only those that are required by law or to ensure that public funds 
are appropriately expended. For example, the preaward certification 
requirements, treatment of property in a cooperative agreement, and 
much of the intellectual property coverage are required by law. Other 
aspects of the policy such as milestone payments, technical officer 
responsibilities, and liability and risk of loss are adaptations of 
contract language deemed necessary to protect both the recipient and 
NASA.
    Comment: We note that the proposed rule provides for milestone 
billings. While this is a reasonable approach to managing the flow of 
funds, we are concerned that some may view these milestones as ``go-no-
go'' decision points rather than a measure of progress against a 
recipient's best efforts. This area of the proposed regulation requires 
careful crafting so as to avoid inadvertently introducing a level of 
certainty that is not appropriate to cooperative agreements.
    Response: The milestones are, in fact, ``go-no-go'' decision 
points. If a milestone cannot be met, the recipient should carefully 
consider revoking the agreement.
    Comment: The proposed rule should be further clarified to provide 
that IR&D can be used for work performed under subcontracts issued 
pursuant to the cooperative agreement. This clarification is required 
to eliminate potential IR&D unallowability due to the interpretation 
that second tier work is required by contract. The definition should 
also recognize the possibility that the company's contribution may be 
Manufacturing and Production Engineering (M&PE) costs.
    Response: IR&D costs may be recovered under other Government awards 
as an allowable cost only by the recipient (an individual firm or 
members of a consortium). While these costs of the recipient may be 
expended under subcontracts, the subcontractor may not recover any 
expenditures as IR&D costs.
    Costs incurred by a recipient which may be classified as M&PE costs 
will generally not be permitted to be recovered under other Government 
awards.
    Comment: ``Resource Contribution'' This term includes ``in-kind 
contributions'' which is not defined elsewhere, even though ``cash 
contributions'' are defined. The term ``in-kind'' is also used 
elsewhere in the proposed rule. This is an area where significant 
misunderstandings can arise and the term should be defined. We suggest 
that NASA use the definition in the now superseded OMB Circular A-110, 
Attachment E, Paragraph 2.d. (1976).
    Response: The term ``in-kind contribution'' has been removed from 
the regulation and replaced with ``non-cash'' to avoid 
misunderstanding.
    Comment: ``Revocation'' This definition needs to recognize 
mutuality as opposed to the proposed version which describes 
cancellation of NASA sponsorship, inferring one-sided activity.
    Response: Agree. The definition has been amended.
    Comment: A number of comments were received regarding the treatment 
of patent rights issues. For the most part, the treatment of patent 
rights is controlled by legislation and not within the purview of the 
agency to amend.
    Response: NA
    Comment: Section 1274.204 Evaluation and Selection. (a) As written, 
the regulation states that a typical CAN will have only one technical 
evaluation factor, e.g., technology transfer, enhancing U.S. 
competitiveness, etc. It then describes any number of more detailed 
``subfactors'' which should be used, e.g., ``level of commitment 
(contribution of private resources to the project)''. In our view the 
``single'' evaluation factor described is really not an evaluation 
factor, but rather the objective of the cooperative agreement. The 
``subfactors'' appear to be the real evaluation factors. We recommend 
the regulation be revised accordingly.
    Response: Many of the subfactors stated for evaluation could be 
consideration for any type of award (contract, grant, or cooperative 
agreement). It is the single evaluation factor that establishes 
cooperative agreement nature of the evaluation and ensures that the 
subfactors are evaluated within the scope and intent of a cooperative 
agreement structure.
    Comment: When the total value of the agreement is less than $5m, 
the regulation says ``Cost and [sic] pricing data should not normally 
be required.'' We strongly recommend that the word ``normally'' be 
deleted. Cost or pricing data should never be required for a

[[Page 13397]]
cooperative agreement. Such a requirement is totally inappropriate for 
this type of financial arrangement.
    Response: The cooperative agreement policy is structured to 
minimize the bureaucratic impact on the recipient during the course of 
performance. Minimal reporting of any kind is required and no cost 
reporting is required (except in the event of termination). We still 
must ensure that Government funds are being expended wisely. This is 
accomplished through two specific means. The first is a careful 
analysis of the proposed cost. The second is ensuring that the 
milestones are accomplished. Other than cost or pricing data may be an 
integral part of ensuring that the proposed cost is reasonable since no 
other adequate means may be available. The guidance has been changed to 
indicate that cost or pricing data (i.e., certified cost and pricing 
data in accordance with FAR 15.8 following the changes required by 
FASA) should never be required.
    Comment: Section 1274.401 Government Property. The guidance 
regarding the acquisition of property for use on a cooperative 
agreement further shows the ``contract'' nature of this proposed rule. 
This requirement indicates a NASA belief that a recipient will 
structure the costing for the cooperative agreement in such a way that 
NASA dollars fund certain work and the recipient's dollars will fund 
other work. In reality, many recipients will account for the costs of a 
total agreement, including purchases of equipment, billing only its 
share of the total. In this scenario, NASA does not fund specific work, 
but funds a percentage of the total. The proposed Cooperative 
Agreements language would require separation of tasks that is 
unnecessary for any other purpose of the recipient and only increases 
costs of all work.
    Response: Statutorily, equipment purchased with Government funds is 
Government equipment. Since NASA has no interest in acquiring equipment 
procured under a cooperative agreement, it is in both the recipient's 
and NASA's best interests that equipment be provided as a non-cash 
contribution of the recipient.
    Comment: Section 1274.701 Suspension or Revocation. We strongly 
support the language in this section which provides that either party 
may revoke the agreement if acceptable technical progress is not made 
or there is a shift in technical emphasis. We recommend this same 
bilateral treatment be provided for suspension. The cooperative 
agreement should provide like rights to both parties.
    Response: Sections 1274.701 and 1274.922 have been amended to state 
that either party may suspend the cooperative agreement.
    Comment: Section 1274.903 Responsibilities. (b) NASA 
Responsibilities. NASA must not contract with other than the recipient 
without the recipient reaching a non-disclosure agreement with the 
proposed NASA contractor prior to the placing of the contract. 
Notification to the recipient is insufficient to protect recipient's 
intellectual property.
    Response: It is preferred that NASA contractors not perform NASA 
duties and responsibilities under a cooperative agreement, but at 
times, that may be unavoidable. Protection of the recipient's trade 
secrets and other confidential data is covered by Sec. 1274.905(b)(2) 
and (b)(3). A separate non-disclosure agreement should not be required. 
Any inventions made by a NASA contractor as a result of doing work for 
NASA will not be disclosed if doing so would compromise Recipient's 
trade secrets. However, the contractor has the first option to retain 
title to inventions made while doing work for NASA that do not 
compromise Recipient's trade secrets.
    Comment: The limitation on disputes to those arising three (3) 
months prior to the written notification of paragraph (d) is too 
limiting and should be expanded to six to twelve months to correct 
this. It is suggested that paragraph (c) be modified to clarify when 
the three (3) month period begins.
    Response: Disagreements between NASA and its contractors and 
recipients occur on a regular basis, but are resolved at low levels 
within the respective organizations as they should be. This provision 
attempts to provide another avenue for disputes in those extremely rare 
instances where resolution at the lower levels fails. The clause has 
been rewritten to clarify when the three (3) month period begins.
    Comment: We strongly disagree with this paragraph which states that 
``all preceding payment milestones must be completed before payment can 
be made for the next payment milestone''. Activities captured in 
milestones are not necessarily sequential in nature. Payment milestones 
are supposed to provide a mechanism for triggering payment of the NASA 
pre-agreed contribution at the accomplishment of the particular 
milestone.
    Response: In order to ensure that a cooperative agreement is 
completed and that neither party ``games'' the other, it is critical 
that payment for milestones be made in the order that the milestones 
are established. It is important to note that the milestones are 
primarily established by the recipient and negotiated with NASA, so the 
recipient is able to establish milestones which represent the work to 
be accomplished sequentially under the cooperative agreement.
    Comment: Section 1274.911(b)(4)(i)--In this paragraph the term 
``Administrator'' is used. If it is to mean the same as that in 
Sec. 1272.102, then the term should be included in the ``Definition'' 
section of the provision. If another person is intended, the paragraph 
should be revised.
    Response: The definition of ``Administrator'' in 
Sec. 1274.912(a)(1) has been added to the Definitions in 1274.911.
    Comment: Section 1274.911(b)(6)--In line 10 it is unclear who in 
NASA can approve the waiver. This should be clarified.
    Response: The Associate Administrator for Procurement has been 
substituted for NASA.
    Comment: Section 1274.915--Restrictions on Sale or Transfer of 
Technology to Foreign Firms or Institutions. This clause gives NASA the 
right to, in effect, block the sale of a company to a foreign firm. We 
strongly recommend this clause be deleted.
    Response: The purpose of cooperative agreements is to enhance US 
competitiveness, create jobs, improve the balance of payments, etc. 
These objectives may or may not be advanced by sale to a foreign firm 
but would form the basis of NASA's decision. The clause does not give 
NASA the right to prevent the sale; it only provides for consultation 
between the parties to determine how to best protect the Government's 
interests. If an acceptable solution cannot be reached, the agreement 
could be terminated.

Regulatory Flexibility Act

    NASA certifies that this regulation will not have a significant 
economic effect on a substantial number of small entities under the 
Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.).

Paperwork Reduction Act

    Under 5 CFR 1320.5(b)(2)(i), NASA is required to inform potential 
persons who are to respond to the collection of information that such 
persons are not required to respond to the collection of information 
unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Under 5 CFR 
1320.5(b)(2)(ii)(C), this paragraph meets that requirement as follows: 
information collection has been approved under OMB control number 2700-
0092.

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List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 1274

    Grant programs, Business and industry.

Tom Luedtke,
Deputy Associate Administrator for Procurement.

    Accordingly, part 1274 is added to 14 CFR chapter V to read as 
follows:

PART 1274--COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS WITH COMMERCIAL FIRMS

Subpart A--General

1274.101  Purpose.
1274.102  Definitions.
1274.103  Effect on other issuances.
1274.104  Deviations.
1274.105  Approval of Cooperative Agreement Notices (CANs) and 
cooperative agreements.

Subpart B--Pre-Award Requirements

1274.201  Purpose.
1274.202  Solicitations and proposals.
1274.203  Intellectual property.
1274.204  Evaluation and selection.
1274.205  Award procedures.
1274.206  Document format and numbering.
1274.207  Distribution of cooperative agreements.

Subpart C--Administration

1274.301  Delegation of administration.
1274.302  Transfers, novations, and change of name agreements.

Subpart D--Government Property

1274.401  Government property.

Subpart E--Procurement Standards

1274.501  Subcontracts.

Subpart F--Reports and Records

1274.601  Retention and access requirements for records.

Subpart G--Suspension or Termination

1274.701  Suspension or termination.

Subpart H--After-the-Award Requirements

1274.801  Purpose.
1274.802  Closeout procedures.
1274.803  Subsequent adjustments and continuing responsibilities.

Subpart I--Other Provisions and Special Conditions

1274.901  Other provisions and special conditions.
1274.902  Purpose.
1274.903  Responsibilities.
1274.904  Resource Sharing Requirements.
1274.905  Rights in Data.
1274.906  Designation of New Technology Representative and Patent 
Representative.
1274.907  Disputes.
1274.908  Milestone Payments.
1274.909  Term of this Agreement.
1274.910  Authority.
1274.911  Patent Rights.
1274.912  Patent Rights--Retention by the Recipient (Large 
Business).
1274.913  Patent Rights--Retention by the Recipient (Small 
Business).
1274.914  Requests for Waiver of Rights--Large Business.
1274.915  Restrictions on Sale or Transfer of Technology to Foreign 
Firms or Institutions.
1274.916  Liability and Risk of Loss.
1274.917  Additional Funds.
1274.918  Incremental Funding.
1274.919  Cost Principles and Accounting Standards.
1274.920  Responsibilities of the NASA Technical Officer.
1274.921  Publications and Reports: Non-Proprietary Research 
Results.
1274.922  Suspension or Termination.
1274.923  Equipment and Other Property.
1274.924  Civil Rights.
1274.925  Subcontracts.
1274.926  Clean Air-Water Pollution Control Acts.
1274.927  Debarment and Suspension and Drug-Free Workplace.
1274.928  Foreign National Employee Investigative Requirements.
1274.929  Restrictions on Lobbying.
1274.930  Travel and Transportation.
1274.931  Electronic Funds Transfer Payment Methods.
1274.932  Retention and Examination of Records.

Appendix A to Part 1274--Contract Provisions

Appendix B to Part 1274--Reports

Appendix C to Part 1274--Listing of Exhibits

    Authority: 31 U.S.C. 6301 to 6308; 42 U.S.C. 2451 et seq.

Subpart A--General


Sec. 1274.101  Purpose.

    (a) This part establishes uniform administrative requirements for 
NASA cooperative agreements awarded to commercial firms. Cooperative 
agreements are ordinarily entered into with commercial firms to--
    (1) Support research and development,
    (2) Provide technology transfer from the Government to the 
recipient, or
    (3) Develop a capability among U.S. firms to potentially enhance 
U.S. competitiveness.
    (b) An award may not be made to a foreign government. Award to 
foreign firms is not precluded. The approval of the Associate 
Administrator for Procurement is required to exclude foreign firms from 
submitting proposals.


Sec. 1274.102  Definitions.

    Administrator. The Administrator or Deputy Administrator of NASA.
    Associate Administrator for Procurement. The head of the Office of 
Procurement, NASA Headquarters (Code H).
    Cash contributions. The recipient's cash outlay, including the 
outlay of money contributed to the recipient by third parties.
    Closeout. The process by which a NASA determines that all 
applicable administrative actions and all required work of the award 
have been completed by the recipient and NASA.
    Commercial item. The definition in 48 CFR 2.101 (FAR) is 
applicable.
    Cooperative agreement. As defined by 31 U.S.C. 6305, cooperative 
agreements are financial assistance instruments used to stimulate or 
support activities for authorized purposes and in which the Government 
participates substantially in the performance of the effort. This 
regulation covers only cooperative agreements with commercial firms. 
Cooperative agreements with universities and non-profit organizations 
are covered by 14 CFR part 1260.
    Cost sharing or matching. That portion of project or program costs 
not borne by the Federal Government except that the recipient's 
contribution may be reimbursable under other Government awards as 
allowable IR&D costs pursuant to 48 CFR 1831.205-18 (NFS).
    Date of completion. The date on which all work under an award is 
completed or the date on the award document, or any supplement or 
amendment thereto, on which NASA sponsorship ends.
    Days. Calendar days, unless otherwise indicated.
    Government furnished equipment. Equipment in the possession of, or 
acquired directly by, the Government and subsequently delivered, or 
otherwise made available, to a Recipient and equipment procured by the 
Recipient with Government funds under a cooperative agreement.
    Grant Officer. A Government employee who has been delegated the 
authority to negotiate, award, or administer grants or cooperative 
agreements. A Contracting Officer may serve as a Grant Officer if 
authorized by installation procurement regulations.
    Incremental funding. A method of funding a cooperative agreement 
where the funds initially allotted to the cooperative agreement are 
less than the award amount. Additional funding is added as described in 
Sec. 1274.918.
    Recipient. An organization receiving financial assistance under a 
cooperative agreement to carry out a project or program. A recipient 
may be an individual firm, a consortium, a partnership, etc.
    Resource contribution. The total value of resources provided by 
either party to the cooperative agreement including both cash and non-
cash contributions.

[[Page 13399]]

    Support contractor means a NASA contractor performing part or all 
of the NASA responsibilities under a cooperative agreement.
    Suspension. An action by NASA or the recipient that temporarily 
discontinues efforts under an award, pending corrective action or 
pending a decision to terminate the award. Suspension of an award is a 
separate action from suspension under Federal agency regulations 
implementing Executive Order 12549, 51 FR 6370, 3 CFR, 1986 Comp., p. 
189 and Executive Order 12689, 54 FR 34131, 3 CFR, 1989 Comp., p. 235, 
``Debarment and Suspension.''
    Technical Officer. The official of the cognizant NASA office who is 
responsible for monitoring the technical aspects of the work under a 
cooperative agreement. A Contracting Officer's Technical Representative 
may serve as a Technical Officer.
    Termination. The cancellation of a cooperative agreement in whole 
or in part, by either party at any time prior to the date of 
completion.


Sec. 1274.103  Effect on other issuances.

    For awards subject to this part, all administrative requirements of 
codified program regulations, program manuals, handbooks and other 
nonregulatory materials which are inconsistent with the requirements of 
this part shall be superseded, except to the extent they are required 
by statute, or authorized in accordance with the deviations provision 
in Sec. 1274.104.


Sec. 1274.104  Deviations.

    (a) Exceptions. The Associate Administrator for Procurement may 
grant exceptions for classes of or individual cooperative agreements 
from the requirements of this part when exceptions are not prohibited 
by statute.
    (b) Applicability. A deviation is required for any of the 
following:
    (1) When a prescribed provision set forth in this regulation for 
use verbatim is modified or omitted.
    (2) When a provision is set forth in this part, but not prescribed 
for use verbatim, and the installation substitutes a provision which is 
inconsistent with the intent, principle, and substance of the 
prescribed provision.
    (3) When a NASA form or other form is prescribed by this part, and 
that form is altered or another form is used in its place.
    (4) When limitations, imposed by this regulation upon the use of a 
provision, form, procedure, or any other action, are not adhered to.
    (c) Request for deviations. Requests for authority to deviate from 
this regulation will be forwarded to Headquarters, Program Operations 
Division (Code HS). Such requests, signed by the Procurement Officer, 
shall contain as a minimum:
    (1) A full description of the deviation and identification of the 
regulatory requirement from which a deviation is sought.
    (2) Detailed rationale for the request, including any pertinent 
background information.
    (3) The name of the recipient and identification of the cooperative 
agreement affected, including the dollar value.
    (4) A statement as to whether the deviation has been requested 
previously, and, if so, circumstances of the previous request(s).
    (5) A description of the intended effect of the deviation.
    (6) A copy of legal counsel's concurrence or comments.


Sec. 1274.105  Approval of Cooperative Agreement Notices (CANs) and 
cooperative agreements.

    (a) As soon as possible after the initial decision is made by a 
Headquarters program office or Center procurement personnel to use the 
CAN process, the cognizant program office or procurement office shall 
notify the Associate Administrator for Procurement (Code HS) of the 
intent to use a CAN in all cases where the total Government funds to be 
awarded in response to CAN proposals is expected to equal or exceed $10 
million. All such notifications, as described below, shall be concurred 
in by the Procurement Officer. This requirement also applies in those 
cases where an unsolicited proposal is received and a decision is made 
to award a cooperative agreement in which the recipient (or one or more 
members of a ``team'' of recipients) is a commercial firm and the total 
Government funds are expected to equal or exceed $10 million.
    (b) The required notification is to be accomplished by sending an 
electronic mail (e-mail) message to the following address at NASA 
Headquarters: [email protected]. The notification must include 
the following information, as a minimum:
    (1) Identification of the cognizant center and program office;
    (2) Description of the proposed program for which proposals are to 
be solicited;
    (3) Rationale for decision to use a CAN rather than other types of 
solicitations;
    (4) The amount of Government funding to be available for awards;
    (5) Estimate of the number of cooperative agreements to be awarded 
as a result of the CAN;
    (6) The percentage of cost-sharing to be required; and
    (7) Tentative schedule for release of CAN and award of cooperative 
agreements.
    (c) Code HS will respond by e-mail message to the sender, with a 
copy of the message to the Procurement Officer, within 5 working days 
of receipt of this initial notification. The response will address the 
following:
    (1) Whether Code HS agrees or disagrees with the appropriateness 
for using a CAN for the effort described;
    (2) Whether Code HS will require review and approval of the CAN 
before its issuance;
    (3) Whether Code HS will require review and approval of the 
selected offeror's cost sharing arrangement (e.g., cost sharing 
percentage; type of contribution (cash, labor, etc.)); and
    (4) Whether Code HS will require review and approval of the 
resulting cooperative agreement(s).
    (d) If a response from Code HS is not received within 5 working 
days of notification, the program office or center may proceed with 
release of the CAN and award of the cooperative agreements as 
described.

Subpart B--Pre-Award Requirements


Sec. 1274.201  Purpose.

    Sections 1274.202 through 1274.207 prescribe forms and instructions 
and address other pre-award matters.


Sec. 1274.202  Solicitations and proposals.

    (a) Consistent with 31 U.S.C. 6301(3), NASA uses competitive 
procedures to award cooperative agreements whenever possible. An award 
will normally be made as a result of a Cooperative Agreement Notice 
(CAN) which envisions a cooperative agreement as the award instrument. 
A Commerce Business Daily synopsis or a synopsis on the NASA 
Acquisition Internet Service will be used to publicize the CAN.
    (b) Unsolicited Proposals. (1) An award may be made as a result of 
an unsolicited proposal. The unsolicited proposal must evidence a 
unique and innovative idea or approach which is not the subject of a 
current or anticipated solicitation. When a cooperative agreement is 
awarded as a result of an unsolicited proposal, a Commerce Business 
Daily synopsis or a synopsis on the NASA Acquisition Internet Service 
will be used to provide an opportunity for other firms/consortia to 
express an interest in the agreement

[[Page 13400]]
unless the exception in 48 CFR 5.202(a)(8) (FAR) applies. Respondents 
should be given a minimum of thirty days to respond. If interest is 
expressed, a decision must be made to proceed with the award or to 
issue a solicitation for competitive proposals.
    (2) Prior to an award made as the result of an unsolicited 
proposal, the award must be approved by the Procurement Officer if 
NASA's total resource contribution is below $5 million. Center Director 
approval is required if NASA's total resource contribution is $5 
million or more. For Headquarters cooperative agreements, approval by 
the Associate Administrator for Procurement is required if NASA's total 
resource contribution is $5 million or more.
    (c) Cost and payment matters. (1) The expenditure of Government 
funds by the Recipient and the allowability of costs recognized as a 
resource contribution by the Recipient shall be governed by the FAR 
cost principles, 48 CFR part 31. If the Recipient is a consortium which 
includes non-commercial entities as members, cost allowability for 
those members will be determined as follows: Allowability of costs 
incurred by State, local or federally-recognized Indian tribal 
governments is determined in accordance with the provisions of OMB 
Circular A-87, ``Cost Principles for State and Local Governments.'' The 
allowability of costs incurred by non-profit organizations is 
determined in accordance with the provisions of OMB Circular A-122, 
``Cost Principles for Non-Profit Organizations.'' The allowability of 
costs incurred by institutions of higher education is determined in 
accordance with the provisions of OMB Circular A-21, ``Cost Principles 
for Educational Institutions.'' The allowability of costs incurred by 
hospitals is determined in accordance with the provisions of Appendix E 
of 45 CFR part 74, ``Principles for Determining Costs Applicable to 
Research and Development Under Grants and Contracts with Hospitals.'' 
Recipient's method for accounting for the expenditure of funds must be 
consistent with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.
    (2) A substantial resource contribution on the part of the 
Recipient is required. The Recipient is expected to contribute at least 
50% of the total resources required to accomplish the cooperative 
agreement. Recipient contributions may be either cash or non-cash or 
both. In those cases in which a contribution of less than 50% is 
anticipated from the Recipient, approval of the Associate Administrator 
for Procurement (Code HS) is required prior to award. The request for 
approval should address the evaluation factor in the solicitation and 
how the proposal accomplishes those objectives to such a degree that a 
share ratio of less than 50% is warranted.
    (3) Cooperative agreements are funded by NASA in a fixed amount. 
Payments in fixed amounts will be made by NASA in accordance with 
``Milestone Billings'' which are discussed in paragraph (c)(4) of this 
section. If the Recipient completes the final milestone, final payment 
is made, and NASA will have completed its financial responsibilities 
under the agreement. However, if the cooperative agreement is 
terminated prior to achievement of all milestones, NASA's funding will 
be limited to milestone payments already made plus NASA's share of 
costs required by the Recipient to meet commitments which had in the 
judgment of NASA become firm prior to the effective date of termination 
and are otherwise appropriate. In no event shall these additional costs 
or payment exceed the amount of the next payable milestone billing 
amount.
    (4) Milestone billings is the method of payment to the Recipient 
under cooperative agreements. Performance based milestones are used as 
the basis of establishing a set of verifiable milestones for payment 
purposes. Each milestone payment shall be established so that the 
Government payment is at the same share ratio as the cooperative 
agreement share ratio. If the Recipient is a consortium, the Articles 
of Collaboration is required to contain an extensive list of 
performance based milestones that the consortium has agreed to. 
Generally, payments should not be made more than once monthly; ideally, 
payments will be made about every 60 to 90 days but in all cases should 
be made on the basis of verifiable, significant events as opposed to 
the passage of time. The last payment milestone should be large enough 
to ensure that the Recipient completes its responsibilities under the 
cooperative agreement (or funds should be reserved for payment until 
after completion of the cooperative agreement). The Government 
technical officer must verify completion of each milestone to the 
Grants Officer as part of the payment process. If the Government's 
projected cash contribution to a cooperative agreement exceeds $5 
million, approval of the Milestone Payment clause, including the 
milestones and anticipated payments, by the Associate Administrator for 
Procurement (Code HS) is required prior to award. The request for 
approval should contain substantially the same information required by 
48 CFR (NFS) 1832.7006.
    (5) Cooperative agreements may be incrementally funded subject to 
the following:
    (i) The total value of the NASA cash contribution is $50,000 or 
more.
    (ii) The period of performance overlaps the succeeding fiscal year.
    (iii) The funds are not available to fully fund the cooperative 
agreement at the time of award.
    (6) Cost sharing requirements on cooperative agreements with 
commercial firms are based on section 23 of OMB Circular A-110, 
November 23, 1993. Only cash or certain non-cash resources are 
acceptable sources for the Recipient contribution to a cooperative 
agreement. Acceptable non-cash resources include such items as 
purchased equipment, equipment, labor, office space, etc. The actual or 
imputed value of intellectual property such as patent rights, data 
rights, trade secrets, etc., are not acceptable as sources for the 
Recipient contribution.
    (7) Recipients shall not be paid a profit under cooperative 
agreements. Profit may be paid by the Recipient to subcontractors, if 
the subcontractor is not part of the offering team and the subcontract 
is an arms-length relationship.
    (8) The Recipient's resource share of the cooperative agreement may 
be allocated as part of its IR&D program in accordance with a class 
deviation pursuant to 48 CFR 1831.205-18 (NFS).
    (9) The CAN must provide a description of the non-cash Government 
contribution (personnel, equipment, facilities, etc.) as part of the 
Government's contribution to the cooperative agreement in addition to 
funding. The offeror may propose that additional non-cash Government 
resources be provided under two conditions. First, the offeror is 
responsible for verifying the availability of the resources and their 
suitability for their intended purpose and, second, those resources are 
part of the Government contribution (which must be matched by the 
Recipient) and paid for directly by the awarding organization.
    (d) Consortia as recipients. (1) The use of consortia as Recipients 
for cooperative agreements is encouraged. Consortia will tend to bring 
to a cooperative agreement a broader range of capabilities and 
resources. A consortium is a group of organizations that enter into an 
agreement to collaborate for the purposes of the cooperative agreement 
with NASA. The agreement to collaborate can take the form of a legal 
entity such as a

[[Page 13401]]
partnership or joint venture but it is not necessary that such an 
entity be created. A consortium may be made up of firms which normally 
compete for commercial or Government business or may be made up of 
firms which perform complementary functions in a given industry. The 
inclusion of non-profit or educational institutions, small businesses, 
or small disadvantaged businesses in the consortium could be 
particularly valuable in ensuring that the results of the consortium's 
activities are disseminated.
    (2) Key to the success of the cooperative agreement with a 
consortium is the consortium's Articles of Collaboration, which is a 
definitive description of the roles and responsibilities of the 
consortium's members. It should also address to the extent appropriate: 
commitments of financial, personnel, facilities and other resources, a 
detailed milestone chart of consortium activities, accounting 
requirements, subcontracting procedures, disputes, term of the 
agreement, insurance and liability issues, internal and external 
reporting requirements, management structure of the consortium, 
obligations of organizations withdrawing from the consortia, allocation 
of data and patent rights among the consortia members, agreements, if 
any, to share existing technology and data, the firm which is 
responsible for the completion of the consortium's responsibilities 
under the cooperative agreement and has the authority to commit the 
consortium and receive payments from NASA, employee policy issues, etc.
    (3) An outline of the Articles of Collaboration should be required 
as part of the proposal and evaluated during the source selection 
process.
    (e) Metric system of measurement. The Metric Conversion Act, as 
amended by the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act (15 U.S.C. 205) 
declares that the metric system is the preferred measurement system for 
U.S. trade and commerce.


Sec. 1274.203  Intellectual property.

    (a) A cooperative agreement covers the disposition of rights 
relating to inventions and patents between NASA and the Recipient. If 
the Recipient is a consortium or partnership, rights flowing between 
multiple organizations in a consortium must be negotiated separately 
and formally documented, preferably in the Articles of Collaboration.
    (b) Patent rights clauses are required by statute and regulation. 
The clauses exist for Recipients of the Agreement whether they are:
    (1) Other than small business or nonprofit organizations (generally 
referred to as large businesses) or
    (2) Small businesses or nonprofit organizations.
    (c) There are five situations in which inventions may arise under a 
cooperative agreement: Recipient Inventions, Subcontractor Inventions, 
NASA Inventions, NASA Support Contractor Inventions, and Joint 
Inventions with Recipient.
    (d)(1) Recipient inventions. (i) A Recipient, if a large business, 
is subject to section 305 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 
1958 (42 U.S.C. 2457) relating to property rights in inventions. The 
term ``invention'' includes any invention, discovery, improvement, or 
innovation. Title to an invention made under a cooperative agreement by 
a large business Recipient initially vests with NASA. The Recipient may 
request a waiver under the NASA Patent Waiver Regulations to obtain 
title to inventions made under the Agreement. Such a request may be 
made in advance of the Agreement (or 30 days thereafter) for all 
inventions made under the Agreement. Alternatively, requests may be 
made on a case by case basis any time an individual invention is made. 
Such waivers are liberally and expeditiously granted after review by 
NASA's Invention and Contribution Board and approval by NASA's General 
Counsel. When a waiver is granted, any inventions made in the 
performance of work under the Agreement are subject to certain 
reporting, election and filing requirements, a royalty-free license to 
the Government, march-in rights, and certain other reservations.
    (ii) A Recipient, if a small business or nonprofit organization, 
may elect to retain title to its inventions. The term ``nonprofit 
organization'' is defined in 35 U.S.C. 201(i) and includes universities 
and other institutions of higher education or an organization of the 
type described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. The 
Government obtains an irrevocable, nonexclusive, royalty-free license.
    (2) Subcontractor inventions. (i) Large business. If a Recipient 
enters a subcontract (or similar arrangement) with a large business 
organization for experimental, developmental, research, design or 
engineering work in support of the Agreement to be done in the United 
States, its possessions, or Puerto Rico, section 305 of the Space Act 
applies. The clause applicable to large business organizations is to be 
used (suitably modified to identify the parties) in any subcontract. 
The subcontractor may request a waiver under the NASA Patent Waiver 
Regulations to obtain rights to inventions made under the subcontract 
just as a large business Recipient can (see paragraph (d)(1)(i) of this 
section). It is strongly recommended that a prospective large business 
subcontractor contact the NASA installation Patent Counsel or 
Intellectual Property Counsel to assure that the right procedures are 
followed. Just like the Recipient, any inventions made in the 
performance of work under the Agreement are subject to certain 
reporting, election and filing requirements, a royalty-free license to 
the Government, march-in rights, and certain other reservations.
    (ii) Non-profit organization or small business. In the event the 
Recipient enters into a subcontract (or similar arrangement) with a 
domestic nonprofit organization or a small business firm for 
experimental, developmental, or research work to be performed under the 
Agreement, the requirements of 35 U.S.C. 200 et seq. regarding ``Patent 
Rights in Inventions Made With Federal Assistance,'' apply. The 
subcontractor has the first option to elect title to any inventions 
made in the performance of work under the Agreement, subject to 
specific reporting, election and filing requirements, a royalty-free 
license to the Government, march-in rights, and certain other 
reservations that are specifically set forth.
    (iii) Work outside the United States. If the Recipient subcontracts 
for work to be done outside the United States, its possessions or 
Puerto Rico, the NASA installation Patent Counsel or Intellectual 
Property Counsel should be contacted for the proper patent rights 
clause to use and the procedures to follow.
    (iv) Additional rights. Notwithstanding paragraphs (d)(1) and 
(d)(2) (i) through (iii) of this section, and in recognition of the 
Recipient's substantial contribution, the Recipient is authorized, 
subject to rights of NASA set forth elsewhere in the Agreement, to:
    (A) Acquire by negotiation and mutual agreement rights to a 
subcontractor's subject inventions as the Recipient may deem necessary, 
or
    (B) If unable to reach agreement pursuant to paragraph 
(d)(2)(iv)(A) of this section, request that NASA invoke exceptional 
circumstances as necessary pursuant to 37 CFR 401.3(a)(2) if the 
prospective subcontractor is a small business firm or nonprofit 
organization, or for all other organizations, request that such rights 
for the Recipient be included as an additional reservation in a waiver 
granted pursuant to 14 CFR 1245.1. The exercise of this exception does 
not change the flow down of the

[[Page 13402]]
applicable patent rights clause to subcontractors. Applicable laws and 
regulations require that title to inventions made under a subcontract 
must initially reside in either the subcontractor or NASA, not the 
Recipient. This exception does not change that. The exception does 
authorize the Recipient to negotiate and reach mutual agreement with 
the subcontractor for the grant-back of rights. Such grant-back could 
be an option for an exclusive license or an assignment, depending on 
the circumstances.
    (3) NASA inventions. NASA will use reasonable efforts to report 
inventions made by its employees as a consequence of, or which bear a 
direct relation to, the performance of specified NASA activities under 
an Agreement. Upon timely request, NASA will use its best efforts to 
grant Recipient first option to acquire either an exclusive or 
partially-exclusive, revocable, royalty-bearing license, on terms to be 
negotiated, for any patent applications and patents covering such 
inventions. This exclusive or partially-exclusive license to the 
Recipient will be subject to the retention of rights by or on behalf of 
the Government for Government purposes.
    (4) NASA support contractor inventions. It is preferred that NASA 
support contractors be excluded from performing any of NASA's 
responsibilities under the Agreement since the rights obtained by a 
NASA support contractor could work against the rights needed by the 
Recipient. In the event NASA support contractors are tasked to work 
under the Agreement and inventions are made by support contractor 
employees, the support contractor will normally obtain rights in such 
inventions. However, if NASA has the right to acquire or has acquired 
title to such inventions, upon timely request, NASA will use its best 
efforts to grant Recipient first option to acquire either an exclusive 
or partially exclusive, revocable, royalty-bearing license, upon terms 
to be negotiated, for any patent applications and patents covering such 
inventions. This exclusive or partially-exclusive license to the 
Recipient will be subject to the retention of rights by or on behalf of 
the Government for Government purposes.
    (5) Joint inventions. (i) NASA and the Recipient agree to use 
reasonable efforts to identify and report to each other any inventions 
made jointly between NASA employees (or employees of NASA support 
contractors) and employees of Recipient. For large businesses, the 
Associate General Counsel (Intellectual Property) may agree that the 
United States will refrain, for a specified period, from exercising its 
undivided interest in a manner inconsistent with Recipient's commercial 
interest. For small business firms and nonprofit organizations, the 
Associate General Counsel (Intellectual Property) may agree to assign 
or transfer whatever rights NASA may acquire in a subject invention 
from its employee to the Recipient as authorized by 35 U.S.C. 202(e). 
The grant officer negotiating the Agreement with small business firms 
and nonprofit organizations can agree, up front, that NASA will assign 
whatever rights it may acquire in a subject invention from its employee 
to the small business firm or nonprofit organization. Requests under 
this paragraph shall be made through the Center Patent Counsel.
    (ii) NASA support contractors may be joint inventors. If a NASA 
support contractor employee is a joint inventor with a NASA employee, 
the same provisions apply as those for NASA Support Contractor 
Inventions. The NASA support contractor will retain or obtain 
nonexclusive licenses to those inventions in which NASA obtains title. 
If a NASA support contractor employee is a joint inventor with a 
Recipient employee, the NASA support contractor and Recipient will 
become joint owners of those inventions in which they have elected to 
retain title or requested and have been granted waiver of title. Where 
the NASA support contractor has not elected to retain title or has not 
been granted waiver of title, NASA will jointly own the invention with 
the Recipient.
    (e) Licenses to recipient(s). (1) Any exclusive or partially 
exclusive commercial licenses are to be royalty-bearing consistent with 
Government-wide policy in licensing its inventions. It also provides an 
opportunity for royalty-sharing with the employee-inventor, consistent 
with Government-wide policy under the Federal Technology Transfer Act.
    (2) Upon application in compliance with 37 CFR part 404--Licensing 
of Government Owned Inventions, all Recipients shall be granted a 
revocable, nonexclusive, royalty-free license in each patent 
application filed in any country on a subject invention and any 
resulting patent in which the Government obtains title. Because 
cooperative agreements are cost sharing cooperative arrangements with a 
purpose of benefiting the public by improving the competitiveness of 
the Recipient and the Government receives an irrevocable, nonexclusive, 
royalty-free license in each Recipient subject invention, it is only 
equitable that the Recipient receive, at a minimum, a revocable, 
nonexclusive, royalty-free license in NASA inventions and NASA 
contractor inventions where NASA has acquired title.
    (3) Notice requirements. Once a Recipient has exercised its option 
to apply for an exclusive or partially exclusive license, a notice, 
identifying the invention and the Recipient, is published in the 
Federal Register, providing the public opportunity for filing written 
objections for 60 days.
    (f) Preference for United States manufacture. Despite any other 
provision, the Recipient agrees that any products embodying subject 
inventions or produced through the use of subject inventions shall be 
manufactured substantially in the United States. The intent of this 
provision is to support manufacturing jobs in the United States 
regardless of the status of the Recipient as a domestic or foreign 
controlled company. However, in individual cases, the requirement to 
manufacture substantially in the United States, may be waived by the 
Associate Administrator for Procurement (Code HS) upon a showing by the 
Recipient that under the circumstances domestic manufacture is not 
commercially feasible.
    (g) Space Act agreements. Invention and patent rights in 
cooperative agreements must comply with statutory and regulatory 
provisions. Where circumstances permit, a Space Act Agreement is 
available as an alternative instrument which can be more flexible in 
the area of invention and patent rights.
    (h) Data rights. Data rights provisions can and should be tailored 
to best achieve the needs and objectives of the respective parties 
concerned.
    (1) The data rights clause at Sec. 1274.905 assumes a substantially 
equal cost sharing relationship where collaborative research, 
experimental, developmental, engineering, demonstration, or design 
activities are to be carried out, such that it is likely that 
``proprietary'' information will be developed and/or exchanged under 
the agreement. If cost sharing is unequal or no extensive research, 
experimental, developmental, engineering, demonstration, or design 
activities are likely, a different set of clauses may be appropriate.
    (2) The primary question that must be answered when developing data 
clauses is what does each party need or intend to do with the data 
developed under the agreement. Accordingly, the data rights clauses may 
be tailored to fit the circumstances. Where conflicting goals of the 
parties result in incompatible data provisions, grant officers for the

[[Page 13403]]
Government must recognize that private companies entering into 
cooperative agreements bring resources to that relationship and must be 
allowed to reap an appropriate benefit for the expenditure of those 
resources. However, since serving a public purpose is a major objective 
of a cooperative agreement, care must be exercised to ensure the 
Recipient is not established as a long term sole source supplier of an 
item or service and is not in a position to take unfair advantage of 
the results of the cooperative agreement. Therefore, a reasonable time 
period (depending on the technology, two to five years after production 
of the data) may be established after which the data first produced by 
the Recipient in the performance of the agreement will be made public.
    (3) Data can be generated from different sources and can have 
various restrictions placed on its dissemination. Recipient data 
furnished to NASA can exist prior to, or be produced outside of, the 
agreement or be produced under the agreement. NASA can also produce 
data in carrying out its responsibilities under the agreement. Each of 
these areas need to be covered.
    (4) For data, including software, first produced by the Recipient 
under the agreement, the Recipient may assert copyright. Data exchanged 
with a notice showing that the data is protected by copyright must 
include appropriate licenses in order for NASA to use the data as 
needed.
    (5) Recognizing that the dissemination of the results of NASA's 
activities is a primary objective of a cooperative agreement, the 
parties should specifically delineate what results will be published 
and under what conditions. This should be set forth in the clause of 
the cooperative agreement entitled ``Publication and Reports.'' Any 
such agreement on the publication of results should be stated to take 
precedence over any other clause in the cooperative agreement.
    (6) In accordance with section 303(b) of the Space Act, any data 
first produced by NASA under the agreement which embodies trade secrets 
or financial information that would be privileged or confidential if it 
had been obtained from a private participant, will be marked with an 
appropriate legend and maintained in confidence for an agreed to period 
of up to five years (the maximum allowed by law). This does not apply 
to data other than that for which there has been agreement regarding 
publication or distribution. The period of time during which data first 
produced by NASA is maintained in confidence should be consistent with 
the period of time determined in accordance with paragraph (h)(2) of 
this section, before which data first produced by the Recipient will be 
made public. Also, NASA itself may use the marked data (under suitable 
protective conditions) for agreed-to purposes.


Sec. 1274.204  Evaluation and selection.

    (a) General. A single technical evaluation factor is typically used 
for CANs. That evaluation factor should be one of the following: 
providing research and development or technology transfer, enhancing 
U.S. competitiveness, or developing a capability among U.S. firms. 
Award to foreign firms is not precluded if the evaluation factor is 
satisfied. Subfactors could include such things as fostering U.S. 
leadership, potential to advance technologies anticipated to enhance 
U.S. competitiveness, timeliness of proposed accomplishments, private 
sector commitment to commercialization, identification of specific 
potential commercial markets, appropriateness of business risk, 
potential for broad impact on the U.S. technology and knowledge base, 
level of commitment (contribution of private resources to the project), 
appropriateness of team member participation and relationships, 
appropriateness of management planning, relevant experience, 
qualifications and depth of management and technical staff, quality and 
appropriateness of resources committed to the project, performance 
bench marks, technical approach, business approach/resource sharing, 
past performance, the articles of collaboration, etc.
    (b) Technical evaluation. (1) Competitive technical proposal 
information shall be protected in accordance with 48 CFR 15.411 (FAR), 
Receipt of Proposals and quotations. Unsolicited proposals shall be 
protected in accordance with 48 CFR 15.508 (FAR), Prohibitions, and 48 
CFR 15.509 (FAR), Limited use of data.
    (2) The technical officer will evaluate proposals in accordance 
with the criteria in the CAN. Proposals selected for award will be 
supported by documentation as described in paragraph (c)(1) of this 
section. When evaluation results in a proposal not being selected, the 
proposer will be notified in accordance with the CAN.
    (3) The technical evaluation of proposals may include peer reviews. 
Since the business sense of a cooperative agreement proposal is 
critical to its success, NASA should reserve the right to utilize 
appropriate outside evaluators to assist in the evaluation of such 
proposal elements as the business base projections, the market for 
proposed products, and/or the impact of anticipated product price 
reductions. The use of outside evaluators shall be approved in 
accordance with 48 CFR 1815.413-2(c)(2) (NFS). It is strongly 
recommended that a numerical scoring system be established to rank 
proposals. Data provided to outside evaluators should be protected in 
accordance with 48 CFR 1815.413-2(e) (NFS).
    (4) Evaluation of unsolicited proposals must consider whether: the 
subject of the proposal is available to NASA from another source 
without restriction; the proposal closely resembles a pending 
competitive acquisition; and the research proposed demonstrates an 
innovative and unique method, approach, or concept. Organizations 
submitting unaccepted proposals will be notified in writing.
    (c) Documentation requirements. For proposals selected for award, 
the technical officer will prepare and furnish to the grant officer the 
following documentation:
    (1) For a competitively selected proposal, a signed selection 
statement and technical evaluation based on the evaluation criteria 
stated in the solicitation.
    (2) For an unsolicited proposal, a justification for acceptance of 
an unsolicited proposal (JAUP) prepared by the cognizant technical 
office. The JAUP shall be submitted for the approval of the grant 
officer after review and concurrence at a level above the technical 
officer. The evaluator shall consider the following factors, in 
addition to any others appropriate for the particular proposal:
    (i) Unique and innovative methods, approaches or concepts 
demonstrated by the proposal.
    (ii) Overall scientific or technical merits of the proposal.
    (iii) The offeror's capabilities, related experience, facilities, 
techniques, or unique combinations of these which are integral factors 
for achieving the proposal objectives.
    (iv) The qualifications, capabilities, and experience of the 
proposed key personnel who are critical in achieving the proposal 
objectives.
    (v) Current, open solicitations under which the unsolicited 
proposal could be evaluated.
    (d) Cost evaluation. (1) The grant officer and technical team will 
determine whether the overall proposed cost of the project is 
reasonable and that the Recipient's contribution is valid, verifiable, 
and available. Commitments should be obtained and verified to the 
extent practical from the offeror or

[[Page 13404]]
members of the consortia that the proposed contributions can and will 
be made as specified in the proposal or statement of work.
    (i) If the Recipient's verified share on a cooperative agreement 
equals or exceeds 50% of the total cost of the agreement and the total 
value of the agreement is less than $5 million, the cost evaluation of 
the offeror's proposal should focus on the overall reasonableness and 
timing of the proposer's contribution. Cost or pricing data should not 
be required and information other than cost or pricing data (defined in 
48 CFR 15.801) (FAR) should not normally be required.
    (ii) If the Recipient's share is projected to be less than 50% or 
the total value of the agreement is more than $5 million, a more in-
depth analysis of the proposed costs should be undertaken. Only 
information other than cost or pricing data should be required. An 
analysis consistent with 48 CFR 15.805-3 through 15.805-5 (FAR) should 
be performed.
    (2) As part of the evaluation of the cost proposal, the source of 
the recipient's contribution should be determined. Each of the cost 
elements contributed by the recipient and their amounts should be 
identified. If the contribution will consist at least in part of IR&D, 
the extent to which the IR&D may be recoverable from Government awards 
should be established. This will involve using the estimated Government 
participation rate of the recipient's General and Administrative 
indirect cost base for the period of the cooperative agreement. The 
results of the evaluation are to be documented in the cooperative 
agreement file.
    (e) Consortium. If the cooperative agreement is to be awarded to a 
consortium, a completed, formally executed Articles of Collaboration is 
required prior to award.
    (f) Printing, binding, and duplicating. Proposals for effort which 
involve printing, binding, and duplicating in excess of 25,000 pages 
are subject to the Government Printing and Binding Regulations, No. 26, 
February 1990, S. Pub. 101-9, U.S. Government Printing Office, 
Washington, DC 20402, (202) 512-1800, published by the Congressional 
Joint Committee on Printing. The technical office will refer such 
proposals to the Installation Central Printing Management Officer 
(ICPMO). The grant officer will be advised in writing of the results of 
the ICPMO review.


Sec. 1274.205  Award procedures.

    (a) General. Multiple year cooperative agreements are encouraged, 
but normally they should not extend beyond two years.
    (b) Award above proposed amount. Awards of cooperative agreements 
in response to competitive solicitations will not result in providing 
more NASA funds or resources than was anticipated in the Recipient's 
proposal. If additional funds or resources are deemed necessary, they 
will be provided by the Recipient and the Government cost share 
percentage will be adjusted downward.
    (c) Changes to cooperative agreements. Cost growth or in-scope 
changes shall not increase the amount of NASA's contribution. 
Additional costs which arise during the performance of the cooperative 
agreement are the responsibility of the Recipient. Funding for work 
required beyond the scope of the cooperative agreement must be sought 
through the submission of a proposal which will be treated as an 
unsolicited proposal.
    (d) Bilateral award. All cooperative agreements awarded under this 
regulation will be awarded on a bilateral basis.
    (e) Certifications and representations. (1) General. Unless 
prohibited by statute or codified regulation, Recipients will be 
encouraged to submit certifications and representations required by 
statute, executive order, or regulation on an annual basis, if the 
Recipients have ongoing and continuing relationships with the agency. 
Annual certifications and representations shall be signed by 
responsible officials with the authority to ensure Recipients' 
compliance with the pertinent requirements.
    (2) Civil rights requirements--nondiscrimination in certain 
Federally-funded programs. Recipients must furnish assurances of 
compliance with civil rights statutes specified in 14 CFR parts 1250 
through 1252. Such assurances are not required for each cooperative 
agreement, if they have previously been furnished and remain current 
and accurate. Certifications to NASA are normally made on NASA Form 
1206, which may be obtained from the grant officer. Upon acceptance, 
the grant officer will forward assurances to the NASA Office of Equal 
Opportunity Programs for recording and retention purposes.
    (3) Debarment certification. NASA cooperative agreements are 
subject to the provisions of 14 CFR part 1265, Governmentwide Debarment 
and Suspension (Nonprocurement) and Governmentwide requirements for 
Drug-Free Workplace (Grants), unless excepted by Secs. 1265.110 and 
1265.610.
    (4) Lobbying certification. A Lobbying Certification in accordance 
with 14 CFR part 1271 will be obtained prior to award.
    (f) Indemnification. Indemnification under Public Law 85-804, as 
amended (50 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.) is not authorized for cooperative 
agreements.


Sec. 1274.206  Document format and numbering.

    (a) Formats. Grant officers are authorized to use the format in 
Exhibit A of Appendix C of this part for the award of all cooperative 
agreements. Computer-generated versions and omission of inapplicable 
items are allowed.
    (b) Cooperative agreement numbering. The identification numbering 
system for all cooperative agreements shall conform to 48 CFR 
1804.7102-3 (NFS), except that a NCC prefix will be used in lieu of the 
NAS prefix.


Sec. 1274.207  Distribution of cooperative agreements.

    Copies of cooperative agreements and modifications will be provided 
to: payment office, technical officer, administrative grant officer 
when delegation has been made, NASA Center for Aerospace Information 
(CASI), Attn: Document Processing Section, 800 Elkridge Landing Road, 
Linthicum Heights, Maryland 21090-2934, and any other appropriate 
recipient. Copies of the statement of work, contained in the 
Recipient's proposal and accepted by NASA, will be provided to the 
administrative grant officer and CASI. The cooperative agreement file 
will contain a record of the addresses for distributing agreements and 
supplements.

Subpart C--Administration


Sec. 1274.301  Delegation of administration.

    Normally, cooperative agreements will be administered by the 
awarding activity.


Sec. 1274.302  Transfers, novations, and change of name agreements.

    (a) Transfer of cooperative agreements. Novation is the only means 
by which a cooperative agreement may be transferred from one Recipient 
to another.
    (b) Novation and change of name. All novation agreements and change 
of name agreements of the Recipient, prior to execution, shall be 
reviewed by NASA legal counsel for legal sufficiency prior to approval.

Subpart D--Government Property


Sec. 1274.401  Government property.

    The accomplishment of a cooperative agreement may require the 
purchase of

[[Page 13405]]
equipment for a wide range of purposes. If this equipment is purchased 
with Government funds, i.e., as part of the Government contribution to 
the cooperative agreement, it becomes Government property and must be 
disposed of in accordance with 48 CFR part 45 (FAR) at the conclusion 
of the cooperative agreement. In some cases, this may meet the needs of 
the parties. If, however, the Recipient may need the equipment to 
continue commercial efforts following the cooperative agreement, it 
should be purchased by the Recipient and included as a non-cash 
contribution of the Recipient. In this way, it is not procured, not 
even in part, with Government funds and the Government acquires no 
ownership interest. Procurement by the Recipient may be before or 
during the performance of the cooperative agreement.

Subpart E--Procurement Standards


Sec. 1274.501  Subcontracts.

    Recipients are not authorized to issue grants or cooperative 
agreements to subrecipients. All contracts, including small purchases, 
awarded by Recipients and their contractors shall contain the 
procurement provisions of Appendix A to this part, as applicable and 
may be subject to approval requirements cited in Sec. 1274.925.

Subpart F--Reports and Records


Sec. 1274.601  Retention and access requirements for records.

    (a) This subpart sets forth requirements for record retention and 
access to records for awards to Recipients.
    (b) Financial records, supporting documents, statistical records, 
and all other records pertinent to an award shall be retained for a 
period of three years from the date of submission of the final invoice. 
The only exceptions are the following:
    (1) If any litigation, claim, or audit is started before the 
expiration of the 3-year period, the records shall be retained until 
all litigation, claims or audit findings involving the records have 
been resolved and final action taken.
    (2) Records for real property and equipment acquired with Federal 
funds shall be retained for 3 years after final disposition.
    (3) When records are transferred to or maintained by NASA, the 3-
year retention requirement is not applicable to the Recipient.
    (4) Indirect cost rate proposals, cost allocations plans, etc. as 
specified in paragraph (g) of this section.
    (c) Copies of original records may be substituted for the original 
records if authorized by NASA.
    (d) NASA shall request transfer of certain records to its custody 
from Recipients when it determines that the records possess long term 
retention value. However, in order to avoid duplicate record keeping, 
NASA may make arrangements for Recipients to retain any records that 
are continuously needed for joint use.
    (e) NASA, the Inspector General, Comptroller General of the United 
States, or any of their duly authorized representatives, have the right 
of timely and unrestricted access to any books, documents, papers, or 
other records of Recipients that are pertinent to the awards, in order 
to make audits, examinations, excerpts, transcripts and copies of such 
documents. This right also includes timely and reasonable access to a 
Recipient's personnel for the purpose of interview and discussion 
related to such documents. The rights of access in this paragraph are 
not limited to the required retention period, but shall last as long as 
records are retained.
    (f) Unless required by statute, NASA shall not place restrictions 
on Recipients that limit public access to the records of Recipients 
that are pertinent to an award, except when NASA can demonstrate that 
such records shall be kept confidential and would have been exempted 
from disclosure pursuant to the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 
552) if the records had belonged to NASA.
    (g) This paragraph (g) applies to the following types of documents, 
and their supporting records: indirect cost rate computations or 
proposals, cost allocation plans, and any similar accounting 
computations of the rate at which a particular group of costs is 
chargeable (such as computer usage chargeback rates or composite fringe 
benefit rates).
    (1) If submitted for negotiation. If the Recipient submits to NASA 
or the subrecipient submits to the Recipient the proposal, plan, or 
other computation to form the basis for negotiation of the rate, then 
the 3-year retention period for its supporting records starts on the 
date of such submission.
    (2) If not submitted for negotiation. If the Recipient is not 
required to submit to NASA or the subrecipient is not required to 
submit to the Recipient the proposal, plan, or other computation for 
negotiation purposes, then the 3-year retention period for the 
proposal, plan, or other computation and its supporting records starts 
at the end of the fiscal year (or other accounting period) covered by 
the proposal, plan, or other computation.

Subpart G--Suspension or Termination


Sec. 1274.701  Suspension or termination.

    A cooperative agreement provides both NASA and the Recipient the 
ability to terminate the agreement if it is in their best interests to 
do so. For example, NASA may terminate the agreement if the Recipient 
is not making anticipated technical progress, if the Recipient 
materially fails to comply with the terms of the agreement, if the 
Recipient materially changes the objective of the agreement, or if 
appropriated funds are not available to support the program. Similarly, 
the Recipient may terminate the agreement if, for example, technical 
progress is not being made, if the firms are shifting their technical 
emphasis, or if other technological advances have made the effort 
obsolete. NASA or the Recipient may also suspend the cooperative 
agreement for a short period of time if an assessment needs to be made 
as to whether the agreement should be terminated.

Subpart H--After-the-Award Requirements


Sec. 1274.801  Purpose.

    Sections 1274.802 and 1274.803 contain closeout procedures and 
other procedures for subsequent disallowances and adjustments.


Sec. 1274.802  Closeout procedures.

    (a) Recipients shall submit, within 90 calendar days after the date 
of completion of the cooperative agreement, all financial, performance, 
and other reports as required by the terms and conditions of the award. 
Extensions may be approved when requested by the Recipient.
    (b) The Recipient shall account for any real and personal property 
acquired with Federal funds or received from the Federal Government in 
accordance with subpart D of this part.


Sec. 1274.803  Subsequent adjustments and continuing responsibilities.

    The closeout of an award does not affect any of the following:
    (a) Audit requirements in Sec. 1274.933.
    (b) Property management requirements in subpart D of this part.
    (c) Records retention as required in Sec. 1274.601.
    
[[Page 13406]]


Subpart I--Other Provisions and Special Conditions


Sec. 1274.901  Other provisions and special conditions.

    The provisions set forth in this subpart are to be incorporated in 
and made a part of all cooperative agreements. The provisions at 
Secs. 1274.902 through 1274.909 are to be incorporated in full text 
substantially as stated in this part. The provisions at Secs. 1274.910 
through 1274.933 will be by reference incorporated in an enclosure to 
each cooperative agreement (see Exhibit A of Appendix C of this part). 
For inclusion of provisions in subcontracts, see Subpart E--Procurement 
Standards of this part.


Sec. 1274.902  Purpose.

Purpose (FEB 1996)

    The purpose of this cooperative agreement is to conduct a shared 
resource project that will lead to ____________. This cooperative 
agreement will advance the technology developments and research 
which have been performed on ______________. The specific objective 
is to ______________. This work will culminate in ____________.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.903  Responsibilities.

Responsibilities (FEB 1996)

    (a) This cooperative agreement will include substantial NASA 
participation during performance of the effort. NASA and the 
Recipient agree to the following Responsibilities, a statement of 
cooperative interactions to occur during the performance of this 
effort. NASA and the Recipient shall exert all reasonable efforts to 
fulfill the responsibilities stated below.
    (b) NASA responsibilities. Since NASA contractors may obtain 
certain intellectual property rights arising from work for NASA in 
support of this agreement, NASA will inform Recipient whenever NASA 
intends to use NASA contractors to perform technical engineering 
services in support of this agreement. The following 
responsibilities are hereby set forth with anticipated start and 
ending dates, as appropriate:

Responsibility       Start       End

    (c) Recipient responsibilities. The Recipient shall be 
responsible for particular aspects of project performance as set 
forth in the technical proposal dated ____________, attached hereto 
(or Statement of Work dated ____________, attached hereto.). The 
following responsibilities are hereby set forth with anticipated 
start and ending dates, as appropriate:

Responsibility      Start      End

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.904  Resource Sharing Requirements.

Resource Sharing Requirements (FEB 1996)

    (a) NASA and the Recipient will share in providing the resources 
necessary to perform the agreement. NASA funding and non-cash 
contributions (personnel, equipment, facilities, etc.) and the 
dollar value of the Recipient's cash and/or non-cash contribution 
will be on a ____ (NASA) - ____ (Recipient) basis. Criteria and 
procedures for the allowability and allocability of cash and non-
cash contributions shall be governed by section 23, ``Cost Sharing 
or Matching,'' of OMB Circular A-110. The ``applicable federal cost 
principles'' cited in OMB Circular A-110 shall be determined in 
accordance with Sec. 1274.919.
    (b) The Recipient's share shall not be charged to the Government 
under this agreement or under any other contract, grant, or 
cooperative agreement, except to the extent that the Recipient's 
contribution may be allowable IR&D costs pursuant to 48 CFR 
1831.205-18 (NFS).


Sec. 1274.905  Rights in Data.

Rights in Data (FEB 1996)

    (a) Definitions.
    Data, means recorded information, regardless of form, the media 
on which it may be recorded, or the method of recording. The term 
includes, but is not limited to, data of a scientific or technical 
nature, computer software and documentation thereof, and data 
comprising commercial and financial information.
    (b) Data categories--(1) General. Data exchanged between NASA 
and Recipient under this cooperative agreement will be exchanged 
without restriction as to its disclosure, use or duplication except 
as otherwise provided in paragraphs (b)(2) through (6) of this 
provision.
    (2) Background data. In the event it is necessary for Recipient 
to furnish NASA with Data which existed prior to, or produced 
outside of, this cooperative agreement, and such Data embodies trade 
secrets or comprises commercial or financial information which is 
privileged or confidential, and such Data is so identified with a 
suitable notice or legend, the Data will be maintained in confidence 
and disclosed and used by NASA and its contractors (under suitable 
protective conditions) only for the purpose of carrying out NASA's 
responsibilities under this cooperative agreement. Upon completion 
of activities under this agreement, such Data will be disposed of as 
requested by Recipient.
    (3) Data first produced by Recipient. In the event Data first 
produced by Recipient in carrying out Recipient's responsibilities 
under this cooperative agreement is furnished to NASA, and Recipient 
considers such Data to embody trade secrets or to comprise 
commercial or financial information which is privileged or 
confidential, and such Data is so identified with a suitable notice 
or legend, the Data will be maintained in confidence for a period of 
[insert ``two'' to ``five''] years after development of the data and 
be disclosed and used by [``NASA'' or ``the Government,'' as 
appropriate] and its contractors (under suitable protective 
conditions) only for [insert appropriate purpose; for example: 
experimental; evaluation; research; development, etc.] by or on 
behalf of [``NASA'' or ``the Government'' as appropriate] during 
that period. In order that [``NASA'' or the ``Government'', as 
appropriate] and its contractors may exercise the right to use such 
Data for the purposes designated above, NASA, upon request to the 
Recipient, shall have the right to review and request delivery of 
Data first produced by Recipient. Delivery shall be made within a 
time period specified by NASA.
    (4) Data first produced by NASA. As to Data first produced by 
NASA in carrying out NASA's responsibilities under this cooperative 
agreement and which Data would embody trade secrets or would 
comprise commercial or financial information that is privileged or 
confidential if it had been obtained from the Recipient, will be 
marked with an appropriate legend and maintained in confidence for 
an agreed to period of up to (--) years [INSERT A PERIOD UP TO 5 
YEARS] after development of the information, with the express 
understanding that during the aforesaid period such Data may be 
disclosed and used (under suitable protective conditions) by or on 
behalf of the Government for Government purposes only, and 
thereafter for any purpose whatsoever without restriction on 
disclosure and use. Recipient agrees not to disclose such Data to 
any third party without NASA's written approval until the 
aforementioned restricted period expires.
    (5) Copyright. (i) In the event Data is exchanged with a notice 
indicating the Data is protected under copyright as a published 
copyrighted work, or are deposited for registration as a published 
work in the U.S. Copyright Office, the following paid-up licenses 
shall apply:
    (A) If it is indicated on the Data that the Data existed prior 
to, or was produced outside of, this agreement, the receiving party 
and others acting on its behalf, may reproduce, distribute, and 
prepare derivative works for the purpose of carrying out the 
receiving party's responsibilities under this cooperative agreement; 
and
    (B) If the furnished Data does not contain the indication of 
paragraph (b)(5)(i)(A) of this provisiion, it will be assumed that 
the Data was first produced under this agreement, and the receiving 
party and others acting on its behalf, shall be granted a paid up, 
nonexclusive, irrevocable, world-wide license for all such Data to 
reproduce, distribute copies to the public, prepare derivative 
works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and 
display publicly, by or on behalf of the receiving party. For Data 
that is computer software, the right to distribute shall be limited 
to potential users in the United States.
    (ii) When claim is made to copyright, the Recipient shall affix 
the applicable copyright notice of 17 U.S.C. 401 or 402 and 
acknowledgment of Government sponsorship to the data when and if the 
data are delivered to the Government.
    (6) Oral and visual information. If information which the 
Recipient considers to embody trade secrets or to comprise 
commercial or financial information which is privileged or 
confidential is disclosed orally or visually to NASA, such 
information must be reduced to tangible, recorded form (i.e., 
converted into Data as defined herein),

[[Page 13407]]
identified and marked with a suitable notice or legend, and 
furnished to NASA within 10 days after such oral or visual 
disclosure, or NASA shall have no duty to limit or restrict, and 
shall not incur any liability for, any disclosure and use of such 
information.
    (7) Disclaimer of Liability. Notwithstanding paragraphs (6)(2) 
through (6) of this provision, NASA shall not be restricted in, nor 
incur any liability for, the disclosure and use of:
    (i) Data not identified with a suitable notice or legend as set 
in paragraph (b)(2) of this provision; nor
    (ii) Information contained in any Data for which disclosure and 
use is restricted under paragraphs (b)(2) or (3) of this provision, 
if such information is or becomes generally known without breach of 
the above, is known to or is generated by NASA independently of 
carrying out responsibilities under this agreement, is rightfully 
received from a third party without restriction, or is included in 
data which Participant has, or is required to furnish to the U.S. 
Government without restriction on disclosure and use.
    (c) Marking of data. Any Data delivered under this cooperative 
agreement, by NASA or the Recipient, shall be marked with a suitable 
notice or legend indicating the data was generated under this 
cooperative agreement.
    (d) Lower Tier Agreements. The Recipient shall include this 
provision, suitably modified to identify the parties, in all 
subcontracts or lower tier agreements, regardless of tier, for 
experimental, developmental, or research work.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.906  Designation of New Technology Representative and Patent 
Representative.

Designation of New Technology Representative and Patent Representative 
(FEB 1996)

    (a) For purposes of administration of the clause of this 
cooperative agreement entitled ``PATENT RIGHTS--RETENTION BY THE 
CONTRACTOR (LARGE BUSINESS)'' or ``PATENT RIGHTS--RETENTION BY THE 
CONTRACTOR (SMALL BUSINESS)'' the following named representatives 
are hereby designated by the Grant Officer to administer such 
clause:

Title      Office Code      Address

New Technology

Representative

Patent

Representative

    (b) Reports of reportable items, and disclosure of subject 
inventions, interim reports, final reports, utilization reports, and 
other reports required by the clause, as well as any correspondence 
with respect to such matters, should be directed to the New 
Technology Representative unless transmitted in response to 
correspondence or request from the Patent Representative. Inquiries 
or requests regarding disposition of rights, election of rights, or 
related matters should be directed to the Patent Representative. 
This clause shall be included in any subcontract hereunder requiring 
``PATENT RIGHTS--RETENTION BY THE CONTRACTOR (LARGE BUSINESS)'' 
clause or ``PATENT RIGHTS--RETENTION BY THE CONTRACTOR (SMALL 
BUSINESS)'' clause, unless otherwise authorized or directed by the 
Grant Officer. The respective responsibilities and authorities of 
the above-named representatives are set forth in 48 CFR 1827.375-3 
(NFS).

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.907  Disputes.

Disputes (FEB 1996)

    (a) In the event that a disagreement arises, representatives of 
the parties shall enter into discussions in good faith and in a 
timely and cooperative manner to seek resolution. If these 
discussions do not result in a satisfactory solution, the aggrieved 
party may seek a decision from the Dispute Resolution Official under 
paragraph (b) of this provision. This request must be presented no 
more than (3) three months after the events giving rise to the 
disagreement have occurred.
    (b) The aggrieved party may submit a written request for a 
decision to the ________________ [Suggest this be the Center 
Director], who is designated as the Dispute Resolution Official. The 
written request shall include a statement of the relevant facts, a 
discussion of the unresolved issues, and a specification of the 
clarification, relief, or remedy sought. A copy of this written 
request and all accompanying materials must be provided to the other 
party at the same time. The other party shall submit a written 
position on the matters in dispute within thirty (30) calendar days 
after receiving this notification that a decision has been 
requested. The Dispute Resolution Official shall conduct a review of 
the matters in dispute and render a decision in writing within 
thirty (30) calendar days of receipt of such written position. Such 
resolution is not subject to further administrative review and, to 
the extent permitted by law, shall be final and binding.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.908  Milestone Payments.

Milestone Payments (FEB 1996)

    (a) By submission of the first invoice, the Recipient is 
certifying that it has an established accounting system which 
complies with generally accepted accounting principles, with the 
requirements of this agreement, and that appropriate arrangements 
have been made for receiving, distributing, and accounting for 
Federal funds received under this agreement.
    (b) Payments will be made upon the following milestones: [The 
schedule for payments may be based upon the Recipient's completion 
of specific tasks, submission of specified reports, or whatever is 
appropriate.] Date Payment Milestone Amount
    (c) Upon submission by the Recipient of invoices in accordance 
with the provisions of the agreement and upon certification by NASA 
of completion of the payable milestone, the grant officer shall 
authorize payment.
    (d) A payment milestone may be successfully completed in advance 
of the date appearing in paragraph (b) of this provision. However, 
payment shall not be made prior to that date without the written 
consent of the Grant Officer.
    (e) The Recipient is not entitled to partial payment for partial 
completion of a payment milestone.
    (f) All preceding payment milestones must be completed before 
payment can be made for the next payment milestone.
    (g) Invoices hereunder shall be submitted in the original and 
five copies to the Grant Officer for certification.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.909  Term of this Agreement.

Term of this Agreement (FEB 1996)

    The agreement commences on the effective date indicated on the 
attached cover sheet and continues until the expiration date 
indicated on the attached cover sheet unless terminated by either 
party. If all resources are expended prior to the expiration date of 
the agreement, the parties have no obligation to continue 
performance and may elect to cease at that point. The parties may 
extend the expiration date if additional time is required to 
complete the milestones at no increase in Government resources. 
Provisions of this Agreement, which, by their express terms or by 
necessary implication, apply for periods of time other than that 
specified as the agreement term, shall be given effect, 
notwithstanding expiration of the term of the agreement.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.910  Authority.

Authority (FEB 1996)

    This is a cooperative agreement as defined in 31 U.S.C. 6305 
(the Chiles Act) and is entered into pursuant to the authority of 42 
U.S.C. 2451 et seq. (the Space Act).

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.911  Patent Rights.

Patent Rights (FEB 1996)

    (a) Definitions.
    (1) Administrator means the Administrator or Deputy 
Administrator of NASA.
    (2) Invention means any invention or discovery which is or may 
be patentable or otherwise protectable under title 35 of the United 
States Code.
    (3) Made when used in relation to any invention means the 
conception or first actual reduction to practice such invention.
    (4) Nonprofit organization means a domestic university or other 
institution of higher education or an organization of the type 
described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 
(26 U.S.C. 501(c)) and exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of 
the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 501(a)), or any domestic 
nonprofit scientific or educational organization qualified under a 
State nonprofit organization statute.
    (5) Practical application means to manufacture, in the case of a 
composition or product; to practice, in the case of a process

[[Page 13408]]
or method; or to operate, in the case of a machine or system; and, 
in each case, under such conditions as to establish that the 
invention is being utilized and that its benefits are, to the extent 
permitted by law or Government regulations, available to the public 
on reasonable terms.
    (6) Recipient means: (i) The signatory Recipient party or 
parties; or (ii) The Consortium, where a Consortium has been formed 
for carrying out Recipient responsibilities under this agreement.
    (7) Small business firm means a domestic small business concern 
as defined at 15 U.S.C. 632 and implementing regulations of the 
Administrator of the small Business Administration. (For the purpose 
of this definition, the size standard contained in 13 CFR 121.901 
through 121.911 will be used.)
    (8) Subject invention means any invention of a Recipient and/or 
Government employee conceived or first actually reduced to practice in 
the performance of work under this Agreement.
    (b) Allocation of principal rights. (1) Recipient inventions. 
For other than Small Business Firm or Nonprofit organization 
Recipients, the ``PATENT RIGHTS--RETENTION BY RECIPIENT (LARGE 
BUSINESS)'' provision applies. For Small Business Firm and Nonprofit 
organization Recipients, the ``PATENT RIGHTS--RETENTION BY RECIPIENT 
(SMALL BUSINESS)'' provision applies.
    (2) NASA inventions. NASA will use reasonable efforts to report 
inventions made by NASA employees as a consequence of, or which bear 
a direct relation to, the performance of specified NASA activities 
under this cooperative agreement and, upon timely request, NASA will 
use its best efforts to grant the Recipient or designated Consortium 
Member (if applicable) the first option to acquire either an 
exclusive or partially exclusive, revocable, royalty-bearing 
license, on terms to be subsequently negotiated, for any patent 
applications and patents covering such inventions, and subject to 
the license reserved in paragraph (b)(5)(i) of this provision. Upon 
application in compliance with 37 CFR Part 404--Licensing of 
Government Owned Inventions, the Recipient or each Consortium Member 
(if applicable), shall be granted a revocable, nonexclusive, 
royalty-free license in each patent application filed in any country 
on a subject invention and any resulting patent in which the 
Government acquires title. Each nonexclusive license may extend to 
subsidiaries and affiliates, if any, within the corporate structure 
of the licensee and includes the right to grant sublicenses of the 
same scope to the extent the licensee was legally obligated to do so 
at the time the cooperative agreement was signed.
    (3) NASA contractor inventions. In the event NASA contractors 
are tasked to perform work in support of specified NASA activities 
under this cooperative agreement and inventions are made by 
contractor employees, and NASA has the right to acquire or has 
acquired title to such inventions, NASA will use reasonable efforts 
to report such inventions and, upon timely request, NASA will use 
its best efforts to grant the Recipient or designated Consortium 
Member (if applicable) the first option to acquire either an 
exclusive or partially exclusive, revocable, royalty-bearing 
license, upon terms to be subsequently negotiated, for any patent 
applications and patents covering such inventions, and subject to 
the license reserved in paragraph (b)(5)(ii) of this provision. Upon 
application in compliance with 37 CFR Part 404--Licensing of 
Government Owned Inventions, the Recipient or each Consortium Member 
(if applicable), shall be granted a revocable, nonexclusive, 
royalty-free license in each patent application filed in any country 
on a subject invention and any resulting patent in which the 
Government acquires title. Each nonexclusive license may extend to 
subsidiaries and affiliates, if any, within the corporate structure 
of the licensee and includes the right to grant sublicenses of the 
same scope to the extent the licensee was legally obligated to do so 
at the time the cooperative agreement was signed.
    (4) Joint NASA and recipient inventions. NASA and Recipient 
agree to use reasonable efforts to identify and report to each other 
any inventions made jointly between NASA employees (or employees of 
NASA contractors) and employees of Recipient.
    (i) For other than small business firms and nonprofit 
organizations the Administrator may agree that the United States 
will refrain from exercising its undivided interest in a manner 
inconsistent with Recipient's commercial interest and to cooperate 
with Recipient in obtaining patent protection on its undivided 
interest on any waived inventions subject, however, to the condition 
that Recipient makes its best efforts to bring the invention to the 
point of practical application at the earliest practicable time. In 
the event that the Administrator determines that such efforts are 
not undertaken, the Administrator may void NASA's agreement to 
refrain from exercising its undivided interest and grant licenses 
for the practice of the invention so as to further its development. 
In the event that the Administrator decides to void NASA's agreement 
to refrain from exercising its undivided interest and grant licenses 
for this reason, notice shall be given to the Inventions and 
Contributions Board as to why such action should not be taken. 
Either alternative will be subject to the applicable license or 
licenses reserved in paragraph (b)(5) of this provision.
    (ii) For small business firms and nonprofit organizations, NASA 
may assign or transfer whatever rights it may acquire in a subject 
invention from its employee to the Recipient as authorized by 35 
U.S.C. 202(e).
    (5) Minimum rights reserved by the Government. Any license or 
assignment granted Recipient pursuant to paragraph (b)(2), (b)(3), 
or (b)(4) of this provision will be subject to the reservation of 
the following licenses:
    (i) As to inventions made solely or jointly by NASA employees, 
the irrevocable, royalty-free right of the Government of the United 
States to practice and have practiced the invention by or on behalf 
of the United States; and
    (ii) As to inventions made solely by, or jointly with, employees 
of NASA contractors, the rights in the Government of the United 
States as set forth in paragraph (b)(5)(i) of this provision, as 
well as the revocable, nonexclusive, royalty-free license in the 
contractor as set forth in 14 CFR 1245.108.
    (6) Preference for United States manufacture. The Recipient 
agrees that any products embodying subject inventions or produced 
through the use of subject inventions shall be manufactured 
substantially in the United States. However, in individual cases, 
the requirement to manufacture substantially in the United States 
may be waived by the Associate Administrator for Procurement (Code 
HS) with the concurrence of the Associate General Counsel for 
Intellectual Property upon a showing by the Recipient that under the 
circumstances domestic manufacture is not commercially feasible.
    (7) Work performed by the Recipient under this cooperative 
agreement is considered undertaken to carry out a public purpose of 
support and/or stimulation rather than for acquiring property or 
services for the direct benefit or use of the Government. 
Accordingly, such work by the Recipient is not considered ``by or 
for the United States'' and the Government assumes no liability for 
infringement by the Recipient under 28 U.S.C. 1498.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.912  Patent Rights--Retention by the Recipient (Large 
Business).

Patent Rights--Retention by the Recipient (Large Business) (FEB 1996)

    (a) Definitions.
    (1) Administrator means the Administrator of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) or duly authorized 
representative.
    (2) Invention means any invention or discovery which is or may 
be patentable or otherwise protectable under title 35 of the U.S.C.
    (3) Made, as used in relation to any invention, means the 
conception or first actual reduction to practice such invention.
    (4) Nonprofit organization means a domestic university or other 
institution of higher education or an organization of the type 
described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 
(26 U.S.C. 501(c)) and exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of 
the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 501(a)), or any domestic 
nonprofit scientific or educational organization qualified under a 
State nonprofit organization statute.
    (5) Practical application means to manufacture, in the case of a 
composition or product; to practice, in the case of a process or 
method; or to operate, in case of a machine or system; and, in each, 
case, under such conditions as to establish that the invention is 
being utilized and that its benefits are, to the extent permitted by 
law or Government regulations, available to the public on reasonable 
terms.
    (6) Reportable item means any invention, discovery, improvement, 
or innovation of the Recipient, whether or not the same is or may be 
patentable or otherwise protectable under title 35 of the United 
States Code, conceived

[[Page 13409]]
or first actually reduced to practice in the performance of any work 
under this contract or in the performance of any work that is 
reimbursable under any clause in this contract providing for 
reimbursement of costs incurred prior to the effective date of this 
contract.
    (7) Small business firm means a domestic small business concern 
as defined at 15 U.S.C. 632 and implementing regulations of the 
Administrator of the Small Business Administration. (For the purpose 
of this definition, the size standard contained in 13 CFR 121.901 
through 121.911 will be used.)
    (8) Subject invention means any reportable item which is or may 
be patentable or otherwise protectable under title 35 of the United 
States Code, or any novel variety of plant that is or may be 
protectable under the Plant Variety Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 2321 et 
seq).
    (b) Allocation of principal rights--(1) Presumption of title--
(i) Any reportable item that the Administrator considers to be a 
subject invention shall be presumed to have been made in the manner 
specified in paragraph (1) or (2) of section 305(a) of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2457(a)) (hereinafter 
called ``the Act''), and the above presumption shall be conclusive 
unless at the time of reporting the reportable item the Recipient 
submits to the Grants Officer a written statement, containing 
supporting details, demonstrating that the reportable item was not 
made in the manner specified in paragraph (1) or (2) of section 
305(a) of the Act.
    (ii) Regardless of whether title to a given subject invention 
would otherwise be subject to an advance waiver or is the subject of 
a petition for waiver, the Recipient may nevertheless file the 
statement described in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this provision. The 
Administrator will review the information furnished by the Recipient 
in any such statement and any other available information relating 
to the circumstances surrounding the making of the subject invention 
and will notify the Recipient whether the Administrator has 
determined that the subject invention was made in the manner 
specified in paragraph (1) or (2) of section 305(a) of the Act.
    (2) Property rights in subject inventions. Each subject 
invention for which the presumption of paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this 
provision is conclusive or for which there has been a determination 
that it was made in the manner specified in paragraph (1) or (2) of 
section 305(a) of the Act shall be the exclusive property of the 
United States as represented by NASA unless the Administrator waives 
all or any part of the rights of the United States, as provided in 
paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
    (3) Waiver of rights--(i) Section 305(f) of the Act provides for 
the promulgation of regulations by which the Administrator may waive 
the rights of the United States with respect to any invention or 
class of inventions made or that may be made under conditions 
specified in paragraph (1) or (2) of section 305(a) of the Act. The 
NASA Patent Waiver Regulations, 14 CFR part 1245, subpart 1, have 
adopted the Presidential memorandum on Government Patent Policy of 
February 18, 1983, as a guide in acting on petitions (requests) for 
such waiver of rights.
    (ii) As provided in 14 CFR part 1245, subpart 1, Recipients may 
petition, either prior to execution of the contract or within 30 
days after execution of the Agreement, for advance waiver of rights 
to any or all of the inventions that may be made under an Agreement. 
If such a petition is not submitted, or if after submission it is 
denied, the Recipient (or an employee inventor of the Recipient may 
petition for waiver of rights to an identified subject invention 
within eight months of first disclosure of invention in accordance 
with paragraph (e)(2) of this provision or within such longer period 
as may be authorized in accordance with 14 CFR 1245.105. Further 
procedures are provided in the REQUESTS FOR WAIVER OF RIGHTS--LARGE 
BUSINESS provision.
    (c) Minimum rights reserved by the Government. (1) With respect 
to each Recipient subject invention for which a waiver of rights is 
applicable in accordance with 14 CFR part 1245, subpart 1, the 
Government reserves--
    (i) An irrevocable, royalty-free license for the practice of 
such invention throughout the world by or on behalf of the United 
States or any foreign government in accordance with any treaty or 
agreement with the United States; and
    (ii) Such other rights as stated in 14 CFR 1245.107.
    (2) Nothing contained in this paragraph (c) shall be considered 
to grant to the Government any rights with respect to any invention 
other than a subject invention.
    (d) Minimum rights to the Recipient. (1) The Recipient is hereby 
granted a revocable, nonexclusive, royalty-free license in each 
patent application filed in any country on a Recipient subject 
invention and any resulting patent in which the Government acquires 
title, unless the Recipient fails to disclose the subject invention 
within the times specified in paragraph (e)(2) of this provision. 
The Recipient's license extends to its domestic subsidiaries and 
affiliates, if any, within the corporate structure of which the 
Recipient is a party and includes the right to grant sublicenses of 
the same scope to the extent the Recipient was legally obligated to 
do so at the time the contract was awarded. The license is 
transferable only with the approval of the Administrator except when 
transferred to the successor of that part of the Recipient's 
business to which the invention pertains.
    (2) The Recipient's domestic license may be revoked or modified 
by the Administrator to the extent necessary to achieve expeditious 
practical application of the subject invention pursuant to an 
application for an exclusive license submitted in accordance with 14 
CFR part 1245, subpart 2, Licensing of NASA Inventions. This license 
will not be revoked in that field of use or the geographical areas 
in which the Recipient has achieved practical application and 
continues to make the benefits of the invention reasonably 
accessible to the public. The license in any foreign country may be 
revoked or modified at the discretion of the Administrator to the 
extent the Recipient, its licensees, or its domestic subsidiaries or 
affiliates have failed to achieve practical application in that 
foreign country.
    (3) Before revocation or modification of the license, the 
Recipient will be provided a written notice of the Administrator's 
intention to revoke or modify the license, and the Recipient will be 
allowed 30 days (or such other time as may be authorized by the 
Administrator for good cause shown by the Recipient) after the 
notice to show cause why the license should not be revoked or 
modified. The Recipient has the right to appeal, in accordance with 
14 CFR 1245.211, any decision concerning the revocation or 
modification of its license.
    (e) Invention identification, disclosures, and reports. (1) The 
Recipient shall establish and maintain active and effective 
procedures to assure that reportable items are promptly identified 
and disclosed to Recipient personnel responsible for the 
administration of this clause within six months of conception and/or 
first actual reduction to practice, whichever occurs first in the 
performance of work under this contract. These procedures shall 
include the maintenance of laboratory notebooks or equivalent 
records and other records as are reasonably necessary to document 
the conception and/or the first actual reduction to practice of the 
reportable items, and records that show that the procedures for 
identifying and disclosing reportable items are followed. Upon 
request, the Recipient shall furnish the Grants Officer a 
description of such procedures for evaluation and for determination 
as to their effectiveness.
    (2) The Recipient will disclose each reportable item to the 
Grants Officer within two months after the inventor discloses it in 
writing to Recipient personnel responsible for the administration of 
this clause or, if earlier, within six months after the Recipient 
becomes aware that a reportable item has been made, but in any event 
for subject inventions before any on sale, public use, or 
publication of such invention known to the Recipient. The disclosure 
to the agency shall be in the form of a written report and shall 
identify the contract under which the reportable item was made and 
the inventor(s) or innovator(s). It shall be sufficiently complete 
in technical detail to convey a clear understanding, to the extent 
known at the time of the disclosure, of the nature, purpose, 
operation, and physical, chemical, biological, or electrical 
characteristics of the reportable item. The disclosure shall also 
identify any publication, on sale, or public use of any subject 
invention and whether a manuscript describing such invention has 
been submitted for publication and, if so, whether it has been 
accepted for publication at the time of disclosure. In addition, 
after disclosure to the agency, the Recipient will promptly notify 
the agency of the acceptance of any manuscript describing a subject 
invention for publication or of any on sale or public use planned by 
the Recipient for such invention.
    (3) The Recipient shall furnish the Grants Officer the 
following:
    (i) Interim reports every 12 months (or such longer period as 
may be specified by the Grants Officer) from the date of the 
contract, listing reportable items during that period, and 
certifying that all reportable items have been disclosed (or that 
there are no such

[[Page 13410]]
inventions) and that the procedures required by paragraph (e)(1) of 
this provision have been followed.
    (ii) A final report, within three months after completion of the 
contracted work, listing all reportable items or certifying that 
there were no such reportable items, and listing all subcontracts at 
any tier containing a patent rights clause or certifying that there 
were no such subcontracts.
    (4) The Recipient agrees, upon written request of the Grants 
Officer, to furnish additional technical and other information 
available to the Recipient as is necessary for the preparation of a 
patent application on a subject invention and for the prosecution of 
the patent application, and to execute all papers necessary to file 
patent applications on subject inventions and to establish the 
Government's rights in the subject inventions.
    (5) The Recipient agrees, subject to 48 CFR 27.302(j) (FAR), 
that the Government may duplicate and disclose subject invention 
disclosures and all other reports and papers furnished or required 
to be furnished pursuant to this clause.
    (f) Examination of records relating to inventions. (1) The 
Grants Officer or any authorized representative shall, pursuant to 
the Retention and Examination of Records provision of this 
cooperative agreement, have the right to examine any books 
(including laboratory notebooks), records, and documents of the 
Recipient relating to the conception or first actual reduction to 
practice of inventions in the same field of technology as the work 
under this contract to determine whether--
    (i) Any such inventions are subject inventions;
    (ii) The Recipient has established and maintained the procedures 
required by paragraph (e)(1) of this provision; and
    (iii) The Recipient and its inventors have complied with the 
procedures.
    (2) If the Grants Officer learns of an unreported Recipient 
invention that the Grants Officer believes may be a subject 
inventions, the Recipient may be required to disclose the invention 
to the agency for a determination of ownership rights.
    (3) Any examination of records under this paragraph will be 
subject to appropriate conditions to protect the confidentiality of 
the information involved.
    (g) Subcontracts. (1) Unless otherwise authorized or directed by 
the Grants Officer, the Recipient shall--
    (i) Include this Clause Patent Rights--Retention by the 
Recipient--(Large Business) (suitably modified to identify the 
parties) in any subcontract hereunder (regardless of tier) with 
other than a small business firm or nonprofit organization for the 
performance of experimental, developmental, or research work; and
    (ii) Include the clause Patent Right--Retention by the 
Recipient--(Small Business) (suitably modified to identify the 
parties) in any subcontract hereunder (regardless of tier) with a 
small business firm or nonprofit organization for the performance of 
experimental, developmental, or research work.
    (2) In the event of a refusal by a prospective subcontractor to 
accept such a clause the Recipient--
    (i) Shall promptly submit a written notice to the Grants Officer 
setting forth the subcontractor's reasons for such refusal and other 
pertinent information that may expedite disposition of the matter; 
and
    (ii) Shall not proceed with such subcontract without the written 
authorization of the Grants Officer.
    (3) The Recipient shall promptly notify the Grants Officer in 
writing upon the award of any subcontract at any tier containing a 
patent rights clause by identifying the subcontractor, the 
applicable patent rights clause, the work to be performed under the 
subcontract, and the dates of award and estimated completion. Upon 
request of the Grants Officer, the Recipient shall furnish a copy of 
such subcontract, and, no more frequently than annually, a listing 
of the subcontracts that have been awarded.
    (4) The subcontractor will retain all rights provided for the 
Recipient in the clause of paragraph (g)(1)(i) or (1)(ii) of this 
provision, whichever is included in the subcontract, and the 
Recipient will not, as part of the consideration for awarding the 
subcontract, obtain rights in the subcontractor's subject 
inventions.
    (5) Notwithstanding paragraph (g)(4) of this provision, and in 
recognition of the contractor's substantial contribution of funds, 
facilities and/or equipment to the work performed under this 
cooperative agreement, the Recipient is authorized, subject to the 
rights of NASA set forth elsewhere in this clause, to:
    (i) Acquire by negotiation and mutual agreement rights to a 
subcontractor's subject inventions as the Recipient may deem 
necessary to obtaining and maintaining of such private support; and
    (ii) Request, in the event of inability to reach agreement 
pursuant to paragraph (g)(5)(i) of this provision, that NASA invoke 
exceptional circumstances as necessary pursuant to 37 CFR 
401.3(a)(2) if the prospective subcontractor is a small business 
firm or organization, or for all other organizations, request that 
such rights for the Recipient be included as an additional 
reservation in a waiver granted pursuant to 14 CFR part 1245, 
subpart 1. Any such requests to NASA should be prepared in 
consideration of the following guidance and submitted to the 
contract officer.
    (A) Exceptional circumstances. A request that NASA make an 
``exceptional circumstances'' determination pursuant to 37 CFR 
401.3(a)(2) must state the scope of rights sought by the Recipient 
pursuant to such determination; identify the proposed subcontractor 
and the work to be performed under the subcontract; and state the 
need for the determination.
    (B) Waiver petition. The subcontractor should be advised that 
unless it requests a waiver of title pursuant to the NASA Patent 
Waiver Regulations (14 CFR part 1245, subpart 1), NASA will acquire 
title to the subject invention (42 U.S.C. 2457). If a waiver is not 
requested or granted, the Recipient may request a license from NASA 
(see licensing of NASA inventions, 14 CFR part 1245, subpart 2). A 
subcontractor requesting a waiver must follow the procedures set 
forth in the attached clause REQUESTS FOR WAIVER OF RIGHTS--LARGE 
BUSINESS.
    (h) Preference for United States manufacture. The Recipient 
agrees that any products embodying subject inventions or produced 
through the use of subject inventions shall be manufactured 
substantially in the United States. However, in individual cases, 
the requirement to manufacture substantially in the United States 
may be waived by the Associate Administrator for Procurement (Code 
HS) with the concurrence of the Associate General Counsel for 
Intellectual Property upon a showing by the Recipient that under the 
circumstances domestic manufacture is not commercially feasible.
    (i) March-in rights. The Recipient agrees that, with respect to 
any subject invention in which it has acquired title, NASA has the 
right in accordance with the procedures in 37 CFR 401.6 and any 
supplemental regulations of the agency to require the Recipient, an 
assignee or exclusive licensee of a subject invention to grant a 
nonexclusive, partially exclusive, or exclusive license in any field 
of use to a responsible applicant or applicants, upon terms that are 
reasonable under the circumstances, and if the Subcontractor, 
assignee, or exclusive licensee refuses such a request NASA has the 
right to grant such a license itself if the Federal agency 
determines that--
    (1) Such action is necessary because the Recipient or assignee 
has not taken, or is not expected to take within a reasonable time, 
effective steps to achieve practical application of the subject 
invention in such field of use;
    (2) Such action is necessary to alleviate health or safety needs 
which are not reasonably satisfied by the Recipient, assignee, or 
their licensees;
    (3) Such action is necessary to meet requirements for public use 
specified by Federal regulations and such requirements are not 
reasonably satisfied by the Recipient, assignee, or licensees; or
    (4) Such action is necessary because the agreement required by 
paragraph (i) of this provision has not been obtained or waived or 
because a licensee of the exclusive right to use or sell any subject 
invention in the United States is in breach of such agreement.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.913   Patent Rights--Retention by the Recipient (Small 
Business).

Patent Rights--Retention by the Recipient (Small Business) (FEB 1996)

    (a) Definitions.
    (1) Invention means any invention or discovery which is or may 
be patentable or otherwise protectable under title 35 of the U.S.C.
    (2) Made when used in relation to any invention means the 
conception or first actual reduction to practice such invention.
    (3) Nonprofit organization means a university or other 
institution of higher education or an organization of the type 
described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal

[[Page 13411]]
Revenue Code of 1954 (26 U.S.C. 501(c)) and exempt from taxation 
under section 501(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 501(a)) 
or any nonprofit scientific or educational organization qualified 
under a state nonprofit organization statute.
    (4) Practical application means to manufacture, in the case of a 
composition of product; to practice, in the case of a process or 
method, or to operate, in the case of a machine or system; and, in 
each case, under such conditions as to establish that the invention 
is being utilized and that its benefits are, to the extent permitted 
by law or Government regulations, available to the public on 
reasonable terms.
    (5) Small business firm means a small business concern as 
defined at section 2 of Pub. L. 85-536 (15 U.S.C. 632) and 
implementing regulations of the Administrator of the Small Business 
Administration. For the purpose of this clause, the size standards 
for small business concerns involved in Government procurement and 
subcontracting at 13 CFR 121.901 through 121.911 will be used.
    (6) Subject invention means any invention of the Subcontractor 
conceived or first actually reduced to practice in the performance 
of work under this Agreement.
    (b) Allocation of principal rights. The Recipient may retain the 
entire right, title, and interest throughout the world to each 
subject invention subject to the provisions of this clause and 35 
U.S.C. 203. With respect to any subject invention in which the 
Recipient retains title, the Federal Government shall have a 
nonexclusive, nontransferable, irrevocable, paid-up license to 
practice or have practiced for or on behalf of the United States the 
subject invention throughout the world.
    (c) Invention disclosure, election of title, and filing of 
patent application by Recipient. (1) The Recipient will disclose 
each subject invention to NASA within two months after the inventor 
discloses it in writing to Recipient personnel responsible for 
patent matters. The disclosure to the agency shall be in the form of 
a written report and shall identify the contract under which the 
invention was made and the inventor(s). It shall be sufficiently 
complete in technical detail to convey a clear understanding to the 
extent known at the time of the disclosure, of the nature, purpose, 
operation, and the physical, chemical, biological or electrical 
characteristics of the invention. The disclosure shall also identify 
any publication, on sale or public use of the invention and whether 
a manuscript describing the invention has been submitted for 
publication and, if so, whether it has been accepted for publication 
at the time of disclosure. In addition, after disclosure to the 
agency, the Recipient will promptly notify the agency of the 
acceptance of any manuscript describing the invention for 
publication or of any sale or public use planned by the Recipient.
    (2) The Recipient will elect in writing whether or not to retain 
title to any such invention by notifying NASA within two years of 
disclosure to the Federal agency. However, in any case where 
publication, on sale or public use has initiated the one-year 
statutory period wherein valid patent protection can still be 
obtained in the United States, the period for election of title may 
be shortened by the agency to a date that is no more than 60 days 
prior to the end of the statutory period.
    (3) The Recipient will file its initial patent application on a 
subject invention to which it elects to retain title within one year 
after election of title or, if earlier, prior to the end of any 
statutory period wherein valid patent protection can be obtained in 
the United States after a publication, on sale, or public use. The 
Recipient will file patent applications in additional countries or 
international patent offices within either 10 months of the 
corresponding initial patent application of six months from the date 
permission is granted by the Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks 
to file foreign patent applications where such filing has been 
prohibited by a Secrecy Order.
    (4) Requests for extension of the time for disclosure election, 
and filing under paragraphs (c)(1), (2), and (3) of this provision 
may, at the discretion of the agency, be granted.
    (d) Conditions when the Government may obtain title. The 
Recipient will convey to NASA, upon written request, title to any 
subject invention--
    (1) If the Recipient fails to disclose or elect title to the 
subject invention within the times specified in paragraph (c) of 
this provision, or elects not to retain title; provided, that the 
agency may only request title within 60 days after learning of the 
failure of the Recipient to disclose or elect within the specified 
times.
    (2) In those countries in which the Recipient fails to file 
patent applications within the times specified in paragraph (c) of 
this provision; provided, however, that if the Recipient has filed a 
patent application in a country after the times specified in 
paragraph (c) of this provision, but prior to its receipt of the 
written request of the Federal agency, the Recipient shall continue 
to retain title in that country.
    (3) In any country in which the Recipient decides not to 
continue the prosecution of any application for, to pay the 
maintenance fees on, or defend in reexamination or opposition 
proceeding on, a patent on a subject invention.
    (e) Minimum rights to Recipient and protection of the Recipient 
right to file. (1) The Recipient will retain a nonexclusive, 
royalty-free license throughout the world in each subject invention 
to which the Government obtains title, except if the Recipient fails 
to disclose the invention within the times specified in paragraph 
(c) of this provision. The Recipient's license extends to its 
domestic subsidiary and affiliates, if any, within the corporate 
structure of which the Recipient is a party and includes the right 
to grant sublicenses of the same scope to the extent the Recipient 
was legally obligated to do so at the time the agreement was 
awarded. The license is transferable only with the approval of NASA, 
except when transferred to the successor of that part of the 
Recipient's business to which the invention pertains.
    (2) The Contractor's domestic license may be revoked or modified 
by NASA to the extent necessary to achieve expeditious practical 
application of subject invention pursuant to an application for an 
exclusive license submitted in accordance with applicable provisions 
at 37 CFR part 404 and agency licensing regulations (if any). This 
license will not be revoked in that field of use or the geographical 
areas in which the Subcontractor has achieved practical application 
and continues to make the benefits of the invention reasonable 
accessible to the public. The license in any foreign country may be 
revoked or modified at the discretion of NASA to the extent the 
Subcontractor, its licensees, or the domestic subsidiaries or 
affiliates have failed to achieve practical application in that 
foreign country.
    (3) Before revocation or modification of the license, NASA will 
furnish the Recipient a written notice of its intention to revoke or 
modify the license, and the Recipient will be allowed 30 days (or 
such other time as may be authorized by NASA for good cause shown by 
the Recipient) after the notice to show cause why the license should 
not be revoked or modified. The Recipient has the right to appeal, 
in accordance with applicable regulations in 37 CFR part 404 and 14 
CFR part 1245, subpart 2, concerning the licensing of Government-
owned inventions, any decision concerning the revocation or 
modification of the license.
    (f) Recipient action to protect the Government's interest. (1) 
The Recipient agrees to execute or to have executed and promptly 
deliver to NASA all instruments necessary to:
    (i) Establish or confirm the rights the Government has 
throughout the world in those subject inventions to which the 
Subcontractor elects to retain title; and
    (ii) Convey title to the Federal agency when requested under 
paragraph (d) of this provision and to enable the Government to 
obtain patent protection throughout the world in that subject 
invention.
    (2) The Recipient agrees to require, by written agreement, its 
employees, other than clerical and nontechnical employees, to 
disclose promptly in writing to personnel identified as responsible 
for the administration of patent matters and in a format suggested 
by the Recipient each subject invention made under contract in order 
that the Recipient can comply with the disclosure provisions of 
paragraph (c) of this provision, and to execute all papers necessary 
to file patent applications on subject inventions and to establish 
the Government's rights in the subject inventions. This disclosure 
format should require, as a minimum, the information required by 
paragraph (c)(1) of this provision. The Recipient shall instruct 
such employees, through employee agreements or other suitable 
educational programs, on the importance of reporting inventions in 
sufficient time to permit the filing of patent applications prior to 
U.S. or foreign statutory bars.
    (3) The Recipient will notify NASA of any decisions not to 
continue the prosecution of a patent application, pay maintenance 
fees, or defend in a reexamination or opposition proceeding on a 
patent, in any country, not

[[Page 13412]]
less than 30 days before the expiration of the response period 
required by the relevant patent office.
    (4) The Recipient agrees to include, within the specification of 
any United States patent application and any patent issuing thereon 
covering a subject invention the following statement, ``This 
invention was made with Government support under (identify the 
agreement) awarded by NASA. The Government has certain rights in the 
invention.''
    (5) The Recipient shall provide the Grants Officer the 
following:
    (i) A listing every 12 months (or such longer period as the 
Grants Officer may specify) from the date of the Agreement, of all 
subject inventions required to be disclosed during the period.
    (ii) A final report prior to closeout of the Agreement listing 
all subject inventions or certifying that there were none.
    (iii) Upon request, the filing date, serial number, and title, a 
copy of the patent application, and patent number and issue date for 
any subject invention in any country in which the Recipient has 
applied for patents.
    (iv) An irrevocable power to inspect and make copies of the 
patent application file, by the Government, when a Federal 
Government employee is a co-inventor.
    (g) Subcontracts. (1) Unless otherwise authorized or directed by 
the Grants Officer, the Recipient shall--
    (i) Include this clause (Patent Rights--Retention by the 
Recipient (Small Business)), suitably modified to identify the 
parties, in all subcontracts, regardless of tier, for experimental, 
developmental, or research work to be performed by a small business 
firm or domestic nonprofit organization.
    (ii) Include in all other subcontracts, regardless of tier, for 
experimental, developmental, or research work the patent rights 
clause (Patent Rights--Retention by the Recipient (Large Business)).
    (2) In the event of a refusal by a prospective subcontractor to 
accept such a clause the Recipient--
    (i) Shall promptly submit a written notice to the Grants Officer 
setting forth the subcontractor's reasons for such refusal and other 
pertinent information that may expedite disposition of the matter; 
and
    (ii) Shall not proceed with such subcontract without the written 
authorization of the Grants Officer.
    (3) The Recipient shall promptly notify the Grants Officer in 
writing upon the award of any subcontract at any tier containing a 
patent rights clause by identifying the subcontractor, the 
applicable patent rights clause, the work to be performed under the 
subcontract, and the dates of award and estimated completion. Upon 
request of the Grants Officer, the Recipient shall furnish a copy of 
such subcontract, and, no more frequently than annually, a listing 
of the subcontracts that have been awarded.
    (4) The subcontractor will retain all rights provided for the 
Recipient in the clause under paragraph (g)(1)(i) or (g)(1)(ii) of 
this provision, whichever is included in the subcontract, and the 
Recipient will not, as part of the consideration for awarding the 
subcontract, obtain rights in the subcontractor's subject 
inventions.
    (5) Notwithstanding paragraph (g)(4) of this provision, and in 
recognition of the contractor's substantial contribution of funds, 
facilities and/or equipment to the work performed under this 
cooperative agreement, the Recipient is authorized, subject to the 
rights of NASA set forth elsewhere in this clause, to:
    (i) Acquire by negotiation and mutual agreement rights to a 
subcontractor's subject inventions as the Recipient may deem 
necessary to obtaining and maintaining of such private support; and
    (ii) Request, in the event of inability to reach agreement 
pursuant to paragraph (g)(5)(i) of this provision that NASA invoke 
exceptional circumstances as necessary pursuant to 37 CFR 
401.3(a)(2) if the prospective subcontractor is a small business 
firm or organization, or for all other organizations, request that 
such rights for the Recipient be included as an additional 
reservation in a waiver granted pursuant to 14 CFR part 1245, 
subpart 1. Any such requests to NASA should be prepared in 
consideration of the following guidance and submitted to the 
contract officer.
    (A) Exceptional circumstances. A request that NASA make an 
``exceptional circumstances'' determination pursuant to 37 CFR 
401.3(a)(2) must state the scope of rights sought by the Recipient 
pursuant to such determination; identify the proposed subcontractor 
and the work to be performed under the subcontract; and state the 
need for the determination.
    (B) Waiver petition. The subcontractor should be advised that 
unless it requests a waiver of title pursuant to the NASA Patent 
Waiver Regulations (14 CFR part 1245, subpart 1), NASA will acquire 
title to the subject invention (42 U.S.C. 2457). If a waiver is not 
requested or granted, the Recipient may request a license from NASA 
(see licensing of NASA inventions, 14 CFR part 1245, subpart 2). A 
subcontractor requesting a waiver must follow the procedures set 
forth in the REQUESTS FOR WAIVER OF RIGHTS--LARGE BUSINESS 
provision.
    (h) Reporting on utilization of subject inventions. The 
Recipient agrees to submit, on request, periodic reports no more 
frequently than annually on the utilization of a subject invention 
or on efforts at obtaining such utilization that are being made by 
the Recipient or its licensees or assignees. Such reports shall 
include information regarding the status of development, date of 
first commercial sale or use, gross royalties received by the 
Recipient, and such other data and information as the agency may 
reasonably specify. The Recipient also agrees to provide additional 
reports as may be requested by the agency in connection with any 
march-in proceeding under-taken by the agency in accordance with 
paragraph (i) of this provision. As required by 35 U.S.C. 202(c)(5), 
the agency agrees it will not disclose such information to persons 
outside the Government without permission of the Recipient.
    (i) Preference for United States manufacture. The Recipient 
agrees that any products embodying subject inventions or produced 
through the use of subject inventions shall be manufactured 
substantially in the United States. However, in individual cases, 
the requirement to manufacture substantially in the United States 
may be waived by the Associate Administrator for Procurement (Code 
HS) with the concurrence of the Associate General Counsel for 
Intellectual Property upon a showing by the Recipient that under the 
circumstances domestic manufacture is not commercially feasible.
    (j) March-in rights. The Recipient agrees that, with respect to 
any subject invention in which it has acquired title, NASA has the 
right in accordance with the procedures in 37 CFR 401.6 and any 
supplemental regulations of the agency to require the Recipient, an 
assignee or exclusive licensee of a subject invention to grant a 
nonexclusive, partially exclusive, or exclusive license in any field 
of use to a responsible applicant or applicants, upon terms that are 
reasonable under the circumstances, and if the Subcontractor, 
assignee, or exclusive licensee refuses such a request NASA has the 
right to grant such a license itself if the Federal agency 
determines that----
    (1) Such action is necessary because the Recipient or assignee 
has not taken, or is not expected to take within a reasonable time, 
effective steps to achieve practical application of the subject 
invention in such field of use;
    (2) Such action is necessary to alleviate health or safety needs 
which are not reasonably satisfied by the Recipient, assignee, or 
their licensees;
    (3) Such action is necessary to meet requirements for public use 
specified by Federal regulations and such requirements are not 
reasonably satisfied by the Recipient, assignee, or licensees; or
    (4) Such action is necessary because the agreement required by 
paragraph (i) of this provision has not been obtained or waived or 
because a licensee of the exclusive right to use or sell any subject 
invention in the United States is in breach of such agreement.
    (k) Special provisions for contracts with nonprofit 
organizations. If the Recipient is a nonprofit organization, it 
agrees that--
    (1) Rights to a subject invention in the United States may not 
be assigned without the approval of NASA, except where such 
assignment is made to an organization which has one of its primary 
functions the management of inventions; provided, that such assignee 
will be subject to the same provisions as the Recipient;
    (2) The Recipient will share royalties collected on a subject 
invention with the inventor, including Federal employee co-inventors 
(when NASA deems it appropriate) when the subject invention is 
assigned in accordance with 35 U.S.C. 202(e) and 37 CFR 401.10;
    (3) The balance of any royalties or income earned by the 
Recipient with respect to subject inventions, after payment of 
expenses (including payments to inventors) incidental to the 
administration of subject inventions will be utilized for the 
support of scientific research or education; and
    (4) It will make efforts that are reasonable under the 
circumstances to attract licensees

[[Page 13413]]
of subject inventions that are small business firms, and that it 
will give a preference to a small business firm when licensing a 
subject invention if the Recipient determines that the small 
business firm has a plan or proposal for marketing the invention 
which, if executed, is equally as likely to bring the invention to 
practical application as any plans or proposals from applicants that 
are not small business firms; provided that the Recipient is also 
satisfied that the small business firm has the capability and 
resources to carry out its plan or proposal. The decision whether to 
give a preference in any specific case will be at the discretion of 
the Recipient. However, the Recipient agrees that the Secretary of 
Commerce may review the Contractor's licensing program and decisions 
regarding small business applicants, and the Recipient will 
negotiate changes to its licensing policies, procedures, or 
practices with the Secretary of Commerce when the Secretary's review 
discloses that the Recipient could take reasonable steps to more 
effectively implement the requirements of this paragraph (k)(4).
    (l) A copy of all submissions or requests required by this 
clause, plus a copy of any reports, manuscripts, publications, or 
similar material bearing on patent matters, shall be sent to the 
installation Patent Counsel in addition to any other submission 
requirements in the cooperative agreement. If any reports contain 
information describing a ``subject invention'' for which the 
Recipient has elected or may elect title, NASA will use reasonable 
efforts to delay public release by NASA or publication by NASA in a 
NASA technical series, in order for a patent application to be 
filed, provided that the Recipient identify the information and the 
``subject invention'' to which it relates at the time of submittal. 
If required by the Grants Officer, the Recipient shall provide the 
filing date, serial number and title, a copy of the patent 
application, and a patent number and issue date for any ``subject 
invention'' in any country in which the Recipient has applied for 
patents.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.914  Requests for Waiver of Rights--Large Business.

Requests For Waiver of Rights--Large Business (FEB 1996)

    (a) In accordance with the NASA Patent Waiver Regulations, 14 
CFR part 1245, subpart 1, waiver of rights to any or all inventions 
made or that may be made under a NASA contract or subcontract with 
other than a small business firm or a domestic nonprofit 
organization may be requested at different time periods. Advance 
waiver of rights to any or all inventions that may be made under a 
contract or subcontract may be requested prior to the execution of 
the contract or subcontract, or within 30 days after execution by 
the selected Recipient. In addition, waiver of rights to an 
identified invention made and reported under a contract or 
subcontract may be requested, even though a request for an advance 
waiver was not made or, if made, was not granted.
    (b) Each request for waiver of rights shall be by petition to 
the Administrator and shall include an identification of the 
petitioner; place of business and address; if petitioner is 
represented by counsel, the name, address, and telephone number of 
the counsel; the signature of the petitioner or authorized 
representative; and the date of signature. No specific forms need be 
used, but the request should contain a positive statement that 
waiver of rights is being requested under the NASA Patent Waiver 
Regulations; a clear indication of whether the request is for an 
advance waiver or for a waiver of rights for an individual 
identified invention; whether foreign rights are also requested and, 
if so, the countries, and a citation of the specific Section or 
Sections of the regulations under which such rights are requested; 
and the name, address, and telephone number of the party with whom 
to communicate when the request is acted upon. Requests for advance 
waiver of rights should, preferably, be included with the proposal, 
but in any event in advance of negotiations.
    (c) Petitions for advance waiver, prior to contract execution, 
must be submitted to the Grants Officer. All other petitions will be 
submitted to the Patent Representative designated in the contract.
    (d) Petitions submitted with proposals selected for negotiation 
of a contract will be forwarded by the Grants Officer to the 
installation Patent Counsel for processing and then to the 
Inventions and Contributions Board. The Board will consider these 
petitions and where the Board makes the findings to support the 
waiver, the Board will recommend to the Administrator that waiver be 
granted, and will notify the petitioner and the Grants Officer of 
the Administrator's determination. The Grants Officer will be 
informed by the Board whenever there is insufficient time or 
information or other reasons to permit a decision to be made without 
unduly delaying the execution of the contract. In the latter event, 
the petitioner will be so notified by the Grants Officer. All other 
petitions will be processed by installation Patent Counsel and 
forwarded to the Board. The Board shall notify the petitioner of its 
action and if waiver is granted, the conditions, reservations, and 
obligations thereof will be included in the Instrument of Waiver. 
Whenever the Board notifies a petitioner of a recommendation adverse 
to, or different from, the waiver requested, the petitioner may 
request reconsideration under procedures set forth in 14 CFR 
1245.112(b).

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.915  Restrictions on Sale or Transfer of Technology to 
Foreign Firms or Institutions.

Restrictions on Sale or Transfer of Technology to Foreign Firms or 
Institutions (FEB 1996)

    (a) The parties agree that access to technology developments 
under this Agreement by foreign firms or institutions must be 
carefully controlled. For purposes of this clause, a transfer 
includes a sale of the company, or sales or licensing of the 
technology. Transfers do not include:
    (1) Sales of products or components;
    (2) Licenses of software or documentation related to sales of 
products or components; or
    (3) Transfers to foreign subsidiaries of the Recipient for 
purposes related to this Agreement.
    (b) The Recipient shall provide timely notice to the Grants 
Officer in writing of any proposed transfer of technology developed 
under this Agreement. If NASA determines that the transfer may have 
adverse consequences to the national security interests of the 
United States, or to the establishment of a robust United States 
industry, NASA and the Recipient shall jointly endeavor to find 
alternatives to the proposed transfer which obviate or mitigate 
potential adverse consequences of the transfer.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.916  Liability and Risk of Loss.

Liability and Risk of Loss (FEB 1996)

    (a) With regard to activities undertaken pursuant to this 
agreement, neither party shall make any claim against the other, 
employees of the other, the other's related entities (e.g., 
contractors, subcontractors, etc.), or employees of the other's 
related entities for any injury to or death of its own employees or 
employees of its related entities, or for damage to or loss of its 
own property or that of its related entities, whether such injury, 
death, damage or loss arises through negligence or otherwise, except 
in the case of willful misconduct.
    (b) To the extent that a risk of damage or loss is not dealt 
with expressly in this agreement, each party's liability to the 
other party arising out of this Agreement, whether or not arising as 
a result of an alleged breach of this Agreement, shall be limited to 
direct damages only, and shall not include any loss of revenue or 
profits or other indirect or consequential damages.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.917  Additional Funds.

Additional Funds (FEB 1996)

    Pursuant to this agreement, NASA is providing a fixed amount of 
funding for activities to be undertaken under the terms of this 
cooperative agreement. NASA is under no obligation to provide 
additional funds. Under no circumstances shall the Recipient 
undertake any action which could be construed to imply an increased 
commitment on the part of NASA under this cooperative agreement.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.918  Incremental Funding.

Incremental Funding (FEB 1996)

    (a) Of the award amount indicated on the cover page of this 
agreement, only the obligated amount indicated on the cover page of 
this agreement is available for payment. NASA anticipates making 
additional allotments of funds as required,
    (b) These funds will be obligated as appropriated funds become 
available without any action required of the Recipient. NASA is not 
obligated to make payments in excess of the total funds obligated.

[[Page 13414]]


[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.919  Cost Principles and Accounting Standards.

Cost Principles and Accounting Standards (FEB 1996)

    The expenditure of Government funds by the Recipient and the 
allowability of costs recognized as a resource contribution by the 
Recipient (See clause entitled ``Resource Sharing Requirements'') 
shall be governed by the FAR cost principles, 48 CFR part 31. (If 
the Recipient is a consortium which includes non-commercial firm 
members, cost allowability for those members will be determined as 
follows: Allowability of costs incurred by State, local or 
federally-recognized Indian tribal governments is determined in 
accordance with the provisions of OMB Circular A-87, ``Cost 
Principles for State and Local Governments.'' The allowability of 
costs incurred by non-profit organizations is determined in 
accordance with the provisions of OMB Circular A-122, ``Cost 
Principles for Non-Profit Organizations.'' The allowability of costs 
incurred by institutions of higher education is determined in 
accordance with the provisions of OMB Circular A-21, ``Cost 
Principles for Educational Institutions.'' The allowability of costs 
incurred by hospitals is determined in accordance with the 
provisions of Appendix E of 45 CFR part 74, ``Principles for 
Determining Costs Applicable to Research and Development Under 
Grants and Contracts with Hospitals.'') Recipient's method for 
accounting for the expenditure of funds must be consistent with 
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.920  Responsibilities of the NASA Technical Officer.

Responsibilities of the NASA Technical Officer (FEB 1996)

    (a) The NASA Grant Administrator and Technical Officer for this 
cooperative agreement are identified on the cooperative agreement 
cover sheet.
    (b) The Grant Specialist shall serve as NASA's authorized 
representative for the administrative elements of all work to be 
performed under the agreement.
    (c) The Technical Officer shall have the authority to issue 
written Technical Advice which suggests redirecting the project work 
(e.g., by changing the emphasis among different tasks), or pursuing 
specific lines of inquiry likely to assist in accomplishing the 
effort. The Technical Officer shall have the authority to approve or 
disapprove those technical reports, plans, and other technical 
information the Recipient is required to submit to NASA for 
approval. The Technical Officer is not authorized to issue and the 
Recipient shall not follow any Technical Advice which constitutes 
work which is not contemplated under this agreement; which in any 
manner causes an increase or decrease in the resource sharing or in 
the time required for performance of the project; which has the 
effect of changing any of the terms or conditions of the cooperative 
agreement; or which interferes with the Recipient's right to perform 
the project in accordance with the terms and conditions of this 
cooperative agreement.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.921  Publications and Reports: Non-Proprietary Research 
Results.

Publications and Reports: Non-Proprietary Research Results (FEB 1996)

    (a) NASA encourages the widest practicable dissemination of 
research results at all times during the course of the investigation 
consistent with the other terms of this agreement.
    (b) All information disseminated as a result of the cooperative 
agreement, shall contain a statement which acknowledges NASA's 
support and identifies the cooperative agreement by number.
    (c) Prior approval by the NASA Technical Officer is required 
only where the Recipient requests that the results of the research 
be published in a NASA scientific or technical publication. Two 
copies of each draft publication shall accompany the approval 
request.
    (d) Reports shall contain full bibliographic references, 
abstracts of publications and lists of all other media in which the 
research was discussed. The Recipient shall submit the following 
technical reports:
    (1) A performance report for every year of the cooperative 
agreement (except the final year). Each report is due 60 days before 
the anniversary date of the cooperative agreement and shall describe 
research accomplished during the report period.
    (2) A summary of research, which is due by 90 days after the 
expiration date of the cooperative agreement, regardless of whether 
or not support is continued under another cooperative agreement. 
This report is intended to summarize the entire research 
accomplished during the duration of the cooperative agreement.
    (e) Performance reports and summaries of research shall display 
the following on the first page:
    (1) Title of the cooperative agreement.
    (2) Type of report.
    (3) Period covered by the report.
    (4) Name and address of the Recipient's organization.
    (5) Cooperative agreement number.
    (f) An original and two copies, one of which shall be of 
suitable quality to permit micro-reproduction, shall be sent as 
follows:
    (1) Original--Grant Officer.
    (2) Copy--Technical Officer.
    (3) Micro-reproducible copy--NASA Center for Aerospace 
Information (CASI), Attn: Accessioning Department, 800 Elkridge 
Landing Road, Linthicum Heights, Maryland 21090-2934.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.922  Suspension or Termination.

Suspension or Termination (FEB 1996)

    (a) This cooperative agreement may be suspended or terminated in 
whole or in part by the Recipient or by NASA after consultation with 
the other party. NASA may terminate the agreement, for example, if 
the Recipient is not making anticipated technical progress, if the 
Recipient materially fails to comply with the terms of the 
agreement, if the Recipient materially changes the objective of the 
agreement, or if appropriated funds are not available to support the 
program.
    (b) Upon fifteen (15) days written notice to the other party, 
either party may temporarily suspend the cooperative agreement, 
pending corrective action or a decision to terminate the cooperative 
agreement. The notice should express the reasons why the agreement 
is being suspended.
    (c) In the event of termination by either party, the Recipient 
shall not be entitled to additional funds or payments except as may 
be required by the Recipient to meet NASA's share of commitments 
which had in the judgment of NASA become firm prior to the effective 
date of termination and are otherwise appropriate. In no event, 
shall these additional funds or payments exceed the amount of the 
next payable milestone billing amount.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.923  Equipment and Other Property. Equipment and Other 
Property (FEB 1996)

    (a) NASA cooperative agreements permit acquisition of technical 
property required for the conduct of research. Acquisition of 
property costing in excess of $5,000 and not included in the 
approved proposal budget requires the prior approval of the Grant 
Officer unless the item is merely a different model of an item shown 
in the approved proposal budget.
    (b) Recipients may not purchase, as a direct cost to the 
cooperative agreement, items of non-technical property, examples of 
which include but are not limited to office equipment and 
furnishings, air conditioning equipment, reproduction and printing 
equipment, motor vehicles, and automatic data processing equipment. 
If the Recipient requests an exception, the Recipient shall submit a 
written request for Grant Officer approval, prior to purchase by the 
Recipient, stating why the Recipient cannot charge the property to 
indirect costs.
    (c) Under no circumstances shall cooperative agreement funds be 
used to acquire land or any interest therein, to acquire or 
construct facilities (as defined in 48 CFR 45.301 (FAR)), or to 
procure passenger carrying vehicles.
    (d) The government shall have title to equipment and other 
personal property acquired with government funds. Such property 
shall be disposed of pursuant to 48 CFR 45.603 (FAR). The Recipient 
shall have title to equipment and other personal property acquired 
with Recipient funds. Such property shall remain with the Recipient 
at the conclusion of the cooperative agreement.
    (e) Title to Government furnished equipment (including 
equipment, title to which has been transferred to the Government 
pursuant to 14 CFR 1260.408(d) prior to completion of the work) will 
remain with the Government.
    (f) The Recipient shall establish and maintain property 
management standards for nonexpendable personal property and 
otherwise manage such property as set forth in 14 CFR 1260.507.

[[Page 13415]]

    (g) Annually by October 31, the Recipient shall submit 2 copies 
of an inventory report which lists all Government furnished 
equipment and equipment acquired with Government funds in their 
custody as of September 30. The Recipient shall submit 2 copies of a 
final inventory report by 60 days after the expiration date of the 
cooperative agreement. The final inventory report shall contain a 
list of all Recipient acquired equipment and a list of Government 
furnished equipment. Annual and final inventory reports shall 
reflect the elements required in 14 CFR 1260.507(a)(1) (i), (ii), 
(iii), (v) through (viii) and beginning and ending dollar value 
totals for the reporting period and be submitted to the grant 
officer. When Government furnished equipment is no longer needed, 
the Recipient shall notify the Grants Officer, who will provide 
disposition instructions.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.924  Civil Rights.

Civil Rights (FEB 1996)

    Work on NASA cooperative agreements is subject to the provisions 
of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Public Law 88-352; 42 
U.S.C. 2000d-l), Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 
U.S.C. 1680 et seq.), section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 
as amended (29 U.S.C. 794), the Age Discrimination Act of 1975 (42 
U.S.C. 6101 et seq.), and the NASA implementing regulations (14 CFR 
parts 1250, 1251, and 1252).

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.925  Subcontracts.

Subcontracts (FEB 1996)

    (a) Recipients are not authorized to issue grants or cooperative 
agreements.
    (b) NASA Grant Officer consent is required for subcontracts over 
$100,000, if not accepted by NASA in the original proposal. The 
Recipient shall provide the following information to the Grant 
Officer:
    (1) A copy of the proposed subcontract.
    (2) Basis for subcontractor selection.
    (3) Justification for lack of competition when competitive bids 
or offers are not obtained.
    (4) Basis for award cost or award price.
    (c) The Recipient shall utilize small business concerns, small 
disadvantaged business concerns, Historically Black Colleges and 
Universities, minority educational institutions, and women-owned 
small business concerns as subcontractors to the maximum extent 
practicable.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.926  Clean Air-Water Pollution Control Acts.

Clean Air-Water Pollution Control Acts (FEB 1996)

    If this cooperative agreement or supplement thereto is in excess 
of $100,000, the Recipient agrees to notify the Grant Officer 
promptly of the receipt, whether prior or subsequent to the 
Recipient's acceptance of this cooperative agreement, of any 
communication from the Director, Office of Federal Activities, 
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), indicating that a facility to 
be utilized under or in the performance of this cooperative 
agreement or any subcontract thereunder is under consideration to be 
listed on the EPA ``List of Violating Facilities'' published 
pursuant to 40 CFR 15.20. By acceptance of a cooperative agreement 
in excess of $100,000, the Recipient:
    (a) Stipulates that any facility to be utilized thereunder is 
not listed on the EPA ``List of Violating Facilities'' as of the 
date of acceptance;
    (b) Agrees to comply with all requirements of section 114 of the 
Clean Air Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 7414) and section 308 of the 
Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended (33 U.S.C. 1318) 
relating to inspection, monitoring, entry, reports and information, and 
all other requirements specified in the aforementioned sections, as 
well as all regulations and guidelines issued thereunder after award of 
and applicable to the cooperative agreement; and
    (c) Agrees to include the criteria and requirements of this 
provision in every subcontract hereunder in excess of $100,000, and to 
take such action as the Grant Officer may direct to enforce such 
criteria and requirements.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.927  Debarment and Suspension and Drug-Free Workplace.

Debarment and Suspension and Drug-Free Workplace (FEB 1996)

    NASA cooperative agreements are subject to the provisions of 14 
CFR part 1265, Government-wide Debarment and Suspension 
(Nonprocurement) and Government-wide requirements for Drug-Free 
Workplace, unless excepted by 14 CFR 1265.110 or 1265.610.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.928  Foreign National Employee Investigative Requirements.

Foreign National Employee Investigative Requirements (FEB 1996)

    (a) The Recipient shall submit a properly executed Name Check 
Request (NASA Form 531) and a completed applicant fingerprint card 
(Federal Bureau of Investigation Card FD-258) for each foreign 
national employee requiring access to a NASA Installation. These 
documents shall be submitted to the Installation's Security Office 
at least 75 days prior to the estimated duty date. The NASA 
Installation Security Office will request a National Agency Check 
(NAC) for foreign national employees requiring access to NASA 
facilities. The NASA Form 531 and fingerprint card may be obtained 
from the NASA Installation Security Office.
    (b) The Installation Security Office will request from NASA 
Headquarters, International Relations Division (Code IR), approval 
for each foreign national's access to the Installation prior to 
providing access to the Installation. If the access approval is 
obtained from NASA Headquarters prior to completion of the NAC and 
performance of the cooperative agreement requires a foreign national 
to be given access immediately, the Technical Officer may submit an 
escort request to the Installation's Chief of Security.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.929  Restrictions on Lobbying.

Restrictions on Lobbying (FEB 1996)

    This award is subject to the provisions of 14 CFR part 1271 
``New Restrictions on Lobbying.''

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.930  Travel and Transportation.

Travel and Transportation (FEB 1996)

    (a) For travel funded by the government under this agreement, 
section 5 of the International Air Transportation Fair Competitive 
Practices Act of 1974 (49 U.S.C. 40118) (Fly America Act) requires 
the Recipient to use U.S.-flag air carriers for international air 
transportation of personnel and property to the extent that service 
by those carriers is available.
    (b) Department of Transportation regulations, 49 CFR part 173, 
govern Recipient shipment of hazardous materials and other items.

[End of provision]


Sec. 1274.931  Electronic Funds Transfer Payment Methods.

Electronic Funds Transfer Payment Methods (FEB 1996)

    Payments under this cooperative agreement will be made by the 
Government either by check or electronic funds transfer (through the 
Treasury Fedline Payment System (FEDLINE) or the Automated Clearing 
House (ACH)), at the option of the Government. After award, but no 
later than 14 days before an invoice is submitted, the Recipient 
shall designate a financial institution for receipt of electronic 
funds transfer payments, and shall submit this designation to the 
Grant Officer or other Government official, as directed.
    (a) For payment through FEDLINE, the Recipient shall provide the 
following information:
    (1) Name, address, and telegraphic abbreviation of the financial 
institution receiving payment.
    (2) The American Bankers Association 9-digit identifying number 
for wire transfers of the financing institution receiving payment if 
the institution has access to the Federal Reserve Communication 
System.
    (3) Payee's account number at the financial institution where 
funds are to be transferred.
    (4) If the financial institution does not have access to the 
Federal Reserve Communications System, name, address, and 
telegraphic abbreviation of the correspondent financial institution 
through which the financial institution receiving payment obtains 
wire transfer activity. Provide the telegraphic abbreviation and 
American Bankers Association identifying number for the 
correspondent institution.

[[Page 13416]]

    (b) For payment through ACH, the Recipient shall provide the 
following information:
    (1) Routing transit number of the financial institution 
receiving payment (same as American Bankers Association identifying 
number used for FEDLINE).
    (2) Number of account to which funds are to be deposited.
    (3) Type of depositor account (``C'' for checking, ``S'' for 
savings).
    (4) If the Recipient is a new enrollee to the ACH system, a 
``Payment Information Form,'' SF 3881, must be completed before 
payment can be processed.
    (c) In the event the Recipient, during the performance of this 
cooperative agreement, elects to designate a different financial 
institution for the receipt of any payment made using electronic 
funds transfer procedures, notification of such change and the 
required information specified above must be received by the 
appropriate Government official 30 days prior to the date such 
change is to become effective.
    (d) The documents furnishing the information required in this 
clause must be dated and contain the signature, title, and telephone 
number of the Recipient official authorized to provide it, as well 
as the Recipient's name and contract number.
    (e) Failure to properly designate a financial institution or to 
provide appropriate payee bank account information may delay 
payments of amounts otherwise properly due.

[End of Provision]


Sec. 1274.932  Retention and Examination of Records.

Retention and Examination of Records (FEB 1996)

    Financial records, supporting documents, statistical records, 
and all other records (or microfilm copies) pertinent to this 
cooperative agreement shall be retained for a period of 3 years, 
except that records for nonexpendable property acquired with 
cooperative agreement funds shall be retained for 3 years after its 
final disposition and, if any litigation, claim, or audit is started 
before the expiration of the 3-year period, the records shall be 
retained until all litigation, claims, or audit findings involving 
the records have been resolved. The retention period starts from the 
date of the submission of the final invoice. The Administrator of 
NASA and the Comptroller General of the United States, or any of 
their duly authorized representatives, shall have access to any 
pertinent books, documents, papers, and records of the Recipient and 
of subcontractors to make audits, examinations, excerpts, and 
transcripts. All requirements of this provision shall apply to any 
subcontractor performing substantive work under this cooperative 
agreement.

[End of provisions]

Appendix A to Part 1274--Contract Provisions

    All contracts awarded by a Recipient, including small purchases, 
shall contain the following provisions if applicable:
    1. Equal Employment Opportunity--All contracts shall contain a 
provision requiring compliance with Executive Order 11246, 30 FR 
12319, 12935, 3 CFR, 1964-1965 Comp., p. 339, Executive Order 11375, 
32 FR 14199, 3 CFR, 1966-1970 Comp., p. 684, ``Amending Executive 
Order 11246 Relating to Equal Employment Opportunity,'' and as 
supplemented by regulations at 41 CFR part 60, ``Office of Federal 
Contract Compliance Programs, Equal Employment Opportunity, 
Department of Labor.''
    2. Copeland ``Anti-Kickback'' Act (18 U.S.C. 874 and 40 U.S.C. 
276c)--All contracts in excess of $50,000 for construction or repair 
awarded by Recipients and subRecipients shall include a provision 
for compliance with the Copeland ``Anti-Kickback'' Act (18 U.S.C. 
874), as supplemented by Department of Labor regulations (29 CFR 
part 3, ``Contractors and Subcontractors on Public Building or 
Public Work Financed in Whole or in Part by Loans or Grants from the 
United States''). The Act provides that each Recipient or 
subRecipient shall be prohibited from inducing, by any means, any 
person employed in the construction, completion, or repair of public 
work, to give up any part of the compensation to which he is 
otherwise entitled. The Recipient shall report all suspected or 
reported violations to NASA.
    3. Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards Act (40 U.S.C. 327-
333)--Where applicable, all contracts awarded by Recipients in 
excess of $2,000 for construction contracts and in excess of $50,000 
for other contracts, other than contracts for commercial items, that 
involve the employment of mechanics or laborers shall include a 
provision for compliance with sections 102 and 107 of the Contract 
Work Hours and Safety Standards Act (40 U.S.C. 327-333), as 
supplemented by Department of Labor regulations (29 CFR part 5). 
Under section 102 of the Act, each Recipient shall be required to 
compute the wages of every mechanic and laborer on the basis of a 
standard work week of 40 hours. Work in excess of the standard work 
week is permissible provided that the worker is compensated at a 
rate of not less than 1\1/2\ times the basic rate of pay for all 
hours worked in excess of 40 hours in the work week. Section 107 of 
the Act is applicable to construction work and provides that no 
laborer or mechanic shall be required to work in surroundings or 
under working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous or 
dangerous. These requirements do not apply to the purchases of 
supplies or materials or articles ordinarily available on the open 
market, or contracts for transportation or transmission of 
intelligence.
    4. Rights to Inventions Made Under a Contract or Agreement--
Contracts or agreements for the performance of experimental, 
developmental, or research work shall provide for the rights of the 
Federal Government and the Recipient in any resulting invention in 
accordance with 37 CFR part 401, ``Rights to Inventions Made by 
Nonprofit Organizations and Small Business Firms Under Government 
Grants, Contracts and Cooperative Agreements,'' and any implementing 
regulations issued by the awarding agency.
    5. Clean Air Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) and the 
Federal Water Pollution Control Act as amended (33 U.S.C. 1251 et 
seq.) Contracts, other than contracts for commercial items, of 
amounts in excess of $100,000 shall contain a provision that 
requires the Recipient to agree to comply with all applicable 
standards, orders or regulations issued pursuant to the Clean Air 
Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) and the Federal Water Pollution Control 
Act as amended (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.). Violations shall be 
reported to NASA and the Regional Office of the Environmental 
Protection Agency (EPA).
    6. Byrd Anti-Lobbying Amendment (31 U.S.C. 1352)--Contractors 
who apply or bid for an award of $100,000 or more shall file the 
required certification. Each tier certifies to the tier above that 
it will not and has not used Federal appropriated funds to pay any 
person or organization for influencing or attempting to influence an 
officer or employee of any agency, a member of Congress, officer or 
employee of Congress, or an employee of a member of Congress in 
connection with obtaining any Federal contract, grant or any other 
award covered by 31 U.S.C. 1352. Each tier shall also disclose any 
lobbying with non-Federal funds that takes place in connection with 
obtaining any Federal award. Such disclosures are forwarded from 
tier to tier up to the Recipient.
    7. Debarment and Suspension (Executive Orders 12549 and 12689)--
No contract shall be made to parties listed on the General Services 
Administration's List of Parties Excluded from Federal Procurement 
or Nonprocurement Programs in accordance with Executive Orders 12549 
and 12689, ``Debarment and Suspension.'' This list contains the 
names of parties debarred, suspended, or otherwise excluded by 
agencies, and contractors declared ineligible under statutory or 
regulatory authority other than Executive Order 12549. Contractors 
with awards that exceed the small purchase threshold shall provide 
the required certification regarding its exclusion status and that 
of its principal employees.

Appendix B to Part 1274--Reports

    1. Individual procurement action report (NASA Form 507). The 
grant officer is responsible for submitting NASA Form 507 for all 
cooperative agreement actions.
    2. Inventory listings of equipment. As provided in paragraph (g) 
of the provision in Sec. 1274.923, an annual inventory listing of 
Government furnished equipment will be submitted by October 31 of 
each year. Upon receipt of each annual inventory listing, the 
administrative grant officer will provide 1 copy to the NASA 
installation financial management officer and 1 copy to the NASA 
installation industrial property officer. A final inventory report 
of Government furnished equipment and grantee acquired equipment is 
due 60 days after the end of the cooperative agreement, in 
accordance with the provision in 31274.923. Upon receipt of the 
final inventory report, the administrative grant officer will 
provide 1 copy to the technical officer and 1 copy to the NASA 
Installation industrial property officer.
    3. Disclosure of lobbying activities (SF LLL). (a) Grant 
officers shall provide one copy

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of each SF LLL furnished under 14 CFR 1271.110 to the Procurement 
Officer for transmittal to the Director, Analysis Division (Code 
HC).
    (b) Suspected violations of the statutory prohibitions 
implemented by 14 CFR part 1271 shall be reported to the Director, 
Contract Management Division (Code HK).

Appendix C to Part 1274--Listing of Exhibits

Exhibit A--Format for cooperative agreement

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[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27MR96.000



[FR Doc. 96-6535 Filed 3-26-96; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 7510-01-C