[Federal Register Volume 59, Number 250 (Friday, December 30, 1994)]
[Unknown Section]
[Page 0]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 94-32280]


[[Page Unknown]]

[Federal Register: December 30, 1994]


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Part IV





Department of Justice





_______________________________________________________________________



Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention



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Proposed Comprehensive Plan for Fiscal Year 1995; Notice
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
[OJP No. 1037]
ZRIN 1121-ZA04

 
Proposed Comprehensive Plan for Fiscal Year 1995

AGENCY: Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention, Justice.

ACTION: Notice of Proposed Program Plan for fiscal year 1995.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention is 
publishing this Notice of its Proposed Comprehensive Plan for fiscal 
year 1995.

ADDRESSES: Comments may be mailed to Shay Bilchik, Administrator, 
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Room 742, 633 
Indiana Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20531.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:
Marilyn Silver, Management Analyst, Information Dissemination and 
Planning Unit, (202) 307-0751. [This is not a toll-free number.]

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Office of Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) is a component of the Office of Justice 
Programs in the U.S. Department of Justice. Pursuant to the provisions 
of Section 204(b)(5)(A), 42 U.S.C. 5614(b)(5)(A), of the Juvenile 
Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 
5601 et seq. [hereinafter called the JJDP Act], the Administrator of 
OJJDP is publishing for public comment a Proposed Comprehensive Plan 
describing the program activities that OJJDP proposes to carry out 
during fiscal year 1995. The Proposed Comprehensive Plan includes 
activities authorized in Parts C and D of Title II (42 U.S.C. 5651-
5665a and 42 U.S.C. 5667-5667a) of the JJDP Act. Taking into 
consideration comments received on this Proposed Comprehensive Plan, 
the Administrator will develop and publish a Final Comprehensive Plan 
describing the particular program activities that OJJDP intends to fund 
during fiscal year 1995, using in whole or in part funds appropriated 
under Parts C and D of Title II of said Act.
    The official solicitation of grant applications under the Final 
Comprehensive Plan will be published at a later date in the Federal 
Register. No proposals, concept papers, or other forms of application 
should be submitted at this time.

Introduction

    The Nation's juvenile justice system stands at a crossroads. We are 
faced with a disturbing increase in violent crimes committed by 
juveniles and an alarming rise in abuse, neglect, and street violence 
perpetrated against American youth. In light of this emerging crisis, 
we can no longer afford a narrow focus by separate disciplines to 
attack this problem. To effectively address the rising levels of 
juvenile crime, participants from all community sectors, public and 
private, across specializations, must plan collaboratively and 
comprehensively if we are to reduce violence and build healthier and 
safer communities. Collectively, we must launch a two-pronged assault 
on juvenile delinquency and violence, and their causes. Both prevention 
and early intervention programs and a strong focus on law enforcement 
and a comprehensive system of graduated sanctions are crucial to this 
battle.
    The public's fear of youth violence is well founded. The Federal 
Bureau of Investigation's Uniform Crime Report shows that the greatest 
increase in arrests of violent offenders involves children under the 
age of 15. This is also true of offenses involving the use of weapons. 
No place is a haven. Our neighborhoods, our schools and our homes are 
all places of violence. The increased use of weapons, particularly 
firearms, by our youth has created great fear for both and of our 
children.
    An emphasis on increased law enforcement and corrections has been 
the most common reaction to the increase in juvenile violent crime. 
However, providing more detention beds and secure commitment facilities 
and increasing prosecution of juveniles as adults can only protect our 
communities in the short term. Even the strongest proponents of this 
approach acknowledge that such measures alone cannot put an end to 
youth violence. While we must take immediate steps to protect our 
communities today, programs to prevent delinquency and violence 
tomorrow are the greatest hope for the future.
    The problem of crime and violence in our communities seems 
insurmountable. Many strands of our Nation's social fabric are 
unraveling. This is why we must intensify our efforts to prevent 
delinquency by seeking ways to effectively intervene with those at risk 
and rehabilitate juvenile offenders before they become adult criminals. 
Working with our communities we must integrate a system of support for 
our families and children that will help them live in a healthy and 
safe environment. America's children should awaken each morning in 
homes that are free of child abuse and neglect; they should attend 
schools that are free of drugs, gangs, and guns; and after school, they 
should be able to play in parks that are safe and return to homes that 
provide a nurturing, supportive, and loving atmosphere.
    Much of the public debate about juvenile delinquency centers on at-
risk youth. If we are to provide early and effective intervention to 
prevent delinquency, we must begin by more precisely targeting at-risk 
children and families, but we should not exclude any child who needs 
services.
    The road to adulthood has become increasingly hazardous in our 
society, and many families have broken apart. We must strengthen and 
preserve families. In particular, we must help families provide their 
children with the support that young people need for healthy growth and 
development.
    Recent research sponsored by OJJDP and others confirms this 
approach. Studies indicate clear correlations between neglect and abuse 
and increased delinquency and violence. An ongoing OJJDP study on the 
causes and correlates of delinquency, notes that adolescents from 
families in which two or more forms of violence are present (e.g. child 
and spouse abuse) are almost twice as likely to report committing 
violent offenses as their peers from nonviolent families. A National 
Institute of Justice study on the cycle of violence reports that 
childhood abuse and neglect increase the likelihood of arrest as a 
juvenile and as an adult. The direct connection between violence and 
child neglect and abuse is striking: 12.5 percent of neglected children 
and 15.8 percent of physically abused children will be arrested for a 
violent offense by the time they reach age 25.
    Thousands of alleged incidents of child abuse and neglect are 
reported to authorities across America every day. These reports are 
often handled within systems that are ill-equipped to properly 
investigate cases, report adequately to the court, or provide effective 
protective supervision, appropriate foster care, or timely permanent 
placement. As a result, children may be harmed by the very system 
designed to protect them. Families may be devastated by the 
inappropriate handling of these cases.
    Child protective service workers, investigators, police officers, 
and others responsible for protecting children need training in child 
development and investigative training, along with manageable 
caseloads. This will enable them to gather the information needed to 
make legal determinations while displaying sensitivity to the child and 
the family. Court counselors must be able to manage their cases and 
know the critical details needed to make an appropriate recommendation 
to the court regarding such matters as placement and future court 
action. Social workers must have adequate time to work with families, 
ensure compliance with court orders, and, above all, ensure the safety 
of children. They must be able to monitor a child's status in foster 
care and minimize the trauma that out-of-home placement may cause. 
Judges must have the opportunity to deliberate on each case in a 
thorough and thoughtful manner. They must be able to render informed, 
objective, and deliberate decisions that are in the best interests of 
the child and in full accord with justice. They must have the resources 
at their disposal to meet the treatment needs of the child and the 
family.
    If we are serious about combating crime, we must intervene early 
and constructively in the lives of our children. We know that the early 
years of life are highly significant in a child's development. It is 
during that period that children learn empathy from caring adults with 
whom they have secure attachments and develop a sense of trust derived 
from parental responsiveness and loving attention.
    Therefore, it is critical to:
     Offer parents the tools they need to nurture their 
children effectively, through parent training classes and home 
visitation programs, including parents of offenders and juvenile 
offenders who are teen parents.
     Enable children to enter kindergarten ready for school 
with a chance to succeed, through programs such as Head Start and 
HIPPY.
     Keep students in school, where they can acquire the tools 
to become self-sufficient through truancy and dropout prevention and 
intervention programs.
     Given youth a positive alternative to being out on the 
street and the violence this encourages through after-school activities 
and conflict resolution programs.
     Provide youth with positive role models through mentoring 
programs.
    Early intervention programs, based on a proper assessment, should 
be available the first time a juvenile commits an offense. A variety of 
innovative early intervention programs for first-time, nonviolent 
offenders have been implemented successfully. They include neighborhood 
resource teams, informal probation, peer mediation, community service, 
victim awareness programs, restitution, day treatment, alternative 
education, and outpatient alcohol and drug abuse treatment. These types 
of programs need to be replicated across America.
    We also need to ensure that sanctions are available for more 
serious offenders and for offenders who have failed to benefit from the 
early intervention described above. Such sanctions include drug 
testing, weekend detention, intensive supervision for probationers, 
inpatient drug and alcohol abuse treatment, electronic monitoring, 
community-based residential programs, and boot camps.
    Secure facilities are needed for serious, violent, and chronic 
offenders who require a structured treatment environment or who 
threaten community safety. If a review of the nature of the offense, 
the offender's amenability to treatment, and the offenders' record 
indicate that the juvenile justice system cannot provide appropriate 
services and adequately protect the community, the prosecution of such 
offenders in the criminal courts may be required.
    Finally, aftercare, or ``community care,'' must be more than an 
afterthought. Such services must be an integral aspect of all 
dispositions involving residential placement and include the active 
involvement of the child's family. It makes little sense to intervene 
in a significant way in children's lives only to send those children 
back into the same environment without a support system for the family 
and child. OJJDP's intensive aftercare program is developing the 
programmatic policy and underpinnings for enhancing our efforts in this 
vital area.
    As a result of research and evaluation, we can now point to a 
variety of program models that can reduce delinquency and youth 
violence. We should base program development on this research and, 
whenever possible, evaluate funded programs to measure their impact. We 
also need to provide information, technical assistance, and training on 
the most promising programs.
    Protecting our communities and protecting our children: this two-
part strategy lies at the heart of OJJDP's leadership of the Nation's 
efforts to prevent and combat delinquency and of the programs proposed 
in this plan. Community-based, collaborative efforts that involve 
comprehensive strategies aimed at reducing delinquency and youth 
violence will be critical to our success. Federal departments whose 
programs affect youth must work in an interdisciplinary manner, 
adopting this approach. With the tools provided by the Crime Act--
including enhanced community-oriented policing, delinquency prevention 
programs, and new correctional programs and facilities--we have an 
opportunity to build prevention and intervention strategies that can be 
implemented to reduce juvenile delinquency and violence across America.

OJJDP's Comprehensive Response

    The Attorney General, Justice Department policy officials, and 
OJJDP have called for an unprecedented national commitment of public 
and private resources, and commitment to reversing recent trends in 
juvenile violence and juvenile victimization in our Nation. OJJDP's 
Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile 
Offenders is the centerpiece of this call for action. It outlines two 
principle components: prevention and intervention.
    Prevention is the most cost-effective means of dealing with 
delinquency. The prevention component of the strategy calls for 
establishing community-based planning teams with broad participation. 
Collaborative efforts must be made between the juvenile justice system 
and other service systems, including mental health, health, child 
welfare, and education. Effective delinquency prevention programs are 
based on a risk-focused approach in which communities systematically 
assess their delinquency problem in relation to known risk factors and 
implement programs to counteract them.
    Simultaneously, protective factors must be increased to counter 
risk factors. A key strategy to counter risk factors in young people's 
lives is to enhance protective factors that fall into three basic 
categories: (1) Individual characteristics (having a resilient 
temperament or a positive orientation), (2) bonding (positive 
relationships that promote close bonds), and (3) healthy beliefs and 
clear standards.
    The Comprehensive Strategy's intervention component is based on the 
recognition that an effective model for the treatment and 
rehabilitation of delinquent offenders must combine accountability and 
sanctions with increasingly intensive treatment and rehabilitation. The 
community must be protected and the offender held responsible for the 
harm suffered by the victim. The family must be integrated into 
treatment and rehabilitative efforts at each stage of this continuum. 
Aftercare must be a formal component of all residential placements, 
actively involving the family and the community in supporting and 
reintegrating the juvenile into the community.
    The intervention component calls for establishing a range of 
graduated sanctions that provides both immediate interventions and 
intermediate sanctions, including extensive use of nonresidential 
community-based programs. Intermediate sanctions use both 
nonresidential and residential programming, including intensive 
supervision programs for serious and for some first-time violent 
offenders. The criminal behavior of many serious, violent, and chronic 
offenders will require the use of secure detention to protect the 
community and provide a structured treatment environment.
    Implementing a comprehensive strategy at the local level requires 
that all sectors of the community participate in determining local 
needs and in planning and implementing programs to meet those needs 
through a continuum of care. To expand implementation of the 
Comprehensive Strategy, OJJDP intends to fund additional competitive 
grants in fiscal year 1995 in urban and rural communities.
    The National Council on Crime and Delinquency, in partnership with 
Development Research and Programs, is completing a joint review of 
program models to identify the most effective, promising programs for 
use in implementing the Comprehensive Strategy. Reports will be 
published on:
     Effective prevention strategies from birth to age six.
     A review of evaluations of selected prevention strategies 
in childhood, adolescence, and the community.
     Effective and promising graduated sanctions programs for 
serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders.
     Risk assessment and classification for serious, violent, 
chronic juvenile offenders.
    The reports on effective programs will be combined with an 
operations manual, which communities can use as a blueprint to assess 
their juvenile justice system and design and implement improvements 
that respond to community needs.
    OJJDP and the Department of Justice are working closely with the 
Departments of Health and Human Services, Housing and Urban 
Development, Treasury, Labor, and Education, the Office of National 
Drug Control Policy, and other Office of Justice Programs bureaus and 
offices to develop solutions to youth violence. These agencies 
cosponsored the 1994 national conference Solving Youth Violence: 
Partnerships That Work.
    The OJJDP is providing technical assistance and training to four 
pilot jurisdictions in an interdepartmental initiative called Project 
PACT (Pulling America's Communities Together). The Denver metropolitan 
area, the District of Columbia, the Atlanta metropolitan area, and the 
State of Nebraska are developing coordinated solutions to violence. Key 
officials and community leaders are being trained and assisted in 
assessing the local adult and juvenile violence problem and mobilizing 
their justice system responses and resources to develop systemwide 
solutions. Staff are being trained in establishing effective 
delinquency prevention programs using a risk-focused strategy and in 
intervention efforts employing a range of graduated sanctions for 
juveniles in the juvenile justice system.
    OJJDP is participating in a collaborative effort with the Bureau of 
Justice Assistance through the Comprehensive Communities Program. Under 
this program, cities or counties faced with high rates of drug-related 
crime and violence are developing a comprehensive strategy for crime- 
drug-control that requires law enforcement and other government 
agencies to work in partnership with the community to address these 
problems by focusing on the environment that fosters them. Each 
strategy must include a jurisdiction-wide commitment to community 
policing, coordination among public and private agencies (including 
social services, public health, etc.), and efforts that encourage 
citizens, including crime victims, to take an active role in problem 
solving.

Overview

    OJJDP was established by the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention Act of 1974 (Pub. L. 93-415), as amended, to provide a 
comprehensive, coordinated approach to prevent and control juvenile 
crime and improve the juvenile justice system. OJJDP administers a 
State Formula Grants Program in 57 States and territories, funds more 
than 100 projects through its Special Emphasis Discretionary Grant 
Program and its National Institute for Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention, and coordinates all Federal activities related to juvenile 
justice and delinquency prevention.
    OJJDP serves as the staff agency for the Coordinating Council on 
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, coordinates the 
Concentration of Federal Efforts Program, and administers the Title VI 
Missing and Exploited Children's Program, the Title V Prevention 
Incentive Grants Program, and programs under the Victims of Child Abuse 
Act of 1990, as amended (42 U.S.C. 13001 et seq.).

1992 JJDP Act Amendments

    The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Amendments of 1992 
(Public Law 92-586) expanded the role of OJJDP in Federal efforts to 
prevent and treat juvenile delinquency and improve the juvenile justice 
system by including three new priorities: strengthening the families of 
delinquents, improving State and local administration of justice and 
services to juveniles, and assisting States and local communities in 
preventing youth from entering the justice system. The Amendments 
encourage coordination of services, interagency cooperation, and 
parental involvement in treatment and services for juveniles. Seven new 
studies were mandated. The Comptroller General is in the process of 
completing five of these studies: (1) juveniles waived, certified, or 
transferred to adult court, (2) admissions of juveniles with behavior 
disorders to private psychiatric hospitals, (3) gender bias in State 
juvenile justice systems, (4) Native American pass-through under the 
Formula Grants Program, and (5) access to counsel in juvenile court 
proceedings. OJJDP is conducting the other two studies: one on the 
incidence, nature, and causes of violence committed by or against 
juveniles in urban and rural areas, and a second on the extent and 
characteristics of juvenile hate crimes.
    The JJDP Act Amendments of 1992 authorize OJJDP to administer 
several new grant programs.
     Part E, State Challenge Activities, authorizes grants to 
States participating in the Part B Formula Grants Program that provide 
up to 10 percent of a State's Formula Grants Program allocation for 
each of 10 challenge activities in which the State participates.
     Part F, Treatment for Juvenile Offenders Who Are Victims 
of Child Abuse or Neglect, authorizes grants to public and nonprofit 
private organizations for treatment of juvenile offenders who are 
victims of child abuse or neglect, transitional services, and related 
research.
     Part G, Mentoring, authorizes three-year grants to local 
education agencies, or to private nonprofit organizations working in 
partnership with such agencies, for mentoring programs designed to link 
at-risk youth with responsible adults to discourage youth involvement 
in criminal and violent activity.
     Part H, Boot Camps, authorizes grants to establish up to 
10 military-style boot camps for delinquent juveniles.
     Title V, Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention 
Programs, authorizes grants to local governments for a broad range of 
delinquency prevention activities targeting youth who have had contact 
with, or are at-risk of contact with, the juvenile justice system.
    In fiscal year 1995, funds were appropriated for three of the five 
programs cited above: Part G Mentoring ($4 million), Title V Incentive 
Grants ($20 million), and Part E State Challenge Activities ($10 
million). These programs are not included in this plan, nor are 
programs authorized and funded under TItle IV Missing Children's 
Assistance Act and the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990, as amended.

Fiscal Year 1995 Program Planning Activities

    The OJJDP program planning process for fiscal year 1995 is 
coordinated with the Assistant Attorney General, Office of Justice 
Programs (OJP), and the four other OJP Program Bureaus: the Bureau of 
Justice Assistance (BJA); the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS); the 
National Institute of Justice (NIJ); and the Office for Victims of 
Crime (OVC). The program planning process involves the following steps:
     Internal review of existing programs by OJJDP staff.
     Internal review of proposed programs by OJP bureaus and 
selected Department of Justice components.
     Review of information and data from OJJDP grantees and 
contractors.
     Review of information contained in State comprehensive 
plans.
     Review of comments made by youth services providers, 
juvenile justice practitioners, and researchers.
     Consideration of suggestions made by juvenile justice 
policymakers concerning State and local needs.
     Consideration of all comments received during the period 
of public comment on the Proposed Comprehensive Plan.

Discretionary Program Activities

Discretionary Grant Continuation Policy

    OJJDP has listed on the following pages continuation projects 
currently funded in whole or in part with Part C and Part D funds and 
eligible for continuation funding in fiscal year 1995, either within an 
existing project period or through an extension for an additional 
project period. A grantee's eligibility for continued funding for an 
additional budget period within an existing project period depends on 
the grantee's compliance with funding eligibility requirements and 
achievement of the prior year's objectives.
    Consideration for continuation funding for an additional project 
period for previously funded discretionary grant programs will be based 
upon several factors, including:
     The extent to which the project responds to the applicable 
requirements of the JJDP Act.
     Responsiveness to OJJDP and Department of Justice fiscal 
year 1995 program priorities.
     Compliance with performance requirements of prior grant 
years.
     Compliance with fiscal and regulatory requirements.
     Compliance with any special conditions of the award.
     Availability of funds (based on program priority 
determinations).
    In accordance with 42 U.S.C. 5665a, Section 262(d)(1)(B), the 
competitive process for the award of Part C funds shall not be required 
if the Administrator makes a written determination waiving the 
competitive process:
    1. With respect to programs to be carried out in areas in which the 
President declares under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and 
Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.) that a major disaster 
or emergency exists, or
    2. With respect to a particular program described in part C that is 
uniquely qualified.
    In implementing the fiscal year 1995 Program Plan, OJJDP will 
continue the process of developing, testing, and demonstrating the 
graduated sanctions concept throughout its programs, such as the Safe 
Futures. Partnerships to Reduce Youth Violence and Delinquency Program, 
while also supporting Weed and Seed sites and Empowerment Zones and 
Enterprise Communities. This support will be provided through:
     New competitive programs to be funded at the State or 
local level and new programs that provide funds to national 
organizations to provide services at the State and local level.
     Continuation awards, under which OJJDP will negotiate with 
grantees and task contractors to identify and ensure the provision of 
appropriate technical assistance, training, information, and direct 
program services to Weed and Seed sites, Empowerment Zones and 
Enterprise Communities, other jurisdictions adopting a continuum of 
care program approach, and other eligible service recipients.

OJJDP Funding Policy

    OJJDP seeks to focus its assistance on the development and 
implementation of programs with the greatest potential for reducing 
juvenile delinquency and to cultivate partnerships with State and local 
organizations. To that end, OJJDP has set three goals that constitute 
the major elements of a sound policy for juvenile justice and 
delinquency prevention.
     To promote delinquency prevention efforts.
     To foster the use of community-based alternatives to the 
traditional juvenile justice system.
     To improve the juvenile justice system.

Delinquency Prevention

    The first goal of OJJDP is to identify and promote programs that 
prevent or reduce the occurrence of status or delinquent offenses. A 
sound policy for juvenile delinquency prevention strives to strengthen 
the most powerful contributing factor to good behavior: a productive 
place for young people in a law-abiding society. Preventive measures 
can operate on a large scale, providing gains in youth development 
while reducing youthful misbehavior. OJJDP programs encourage a risk-
focused approach based on public health and social development models.

Community-Based Alternatives

    OJJDP's second goal is to identify and promote community-based 
alternatives for each stage of a child's contact with the juvenile 
justice system, emphasizing options that are the least restrictive and 
promote or preserve positive ties with the child's family, school, and 
community. Communities cannot afford to place responsibility for 
juvenile crime entirely on the juvenile justice system. A sound policy 
for combating juvenile crime makes maximum use of a community's less 
formal, often less expensive, and less alienating responses to youthful 
misbehavior while, at the same time, maintaining the safety of the 
public.

Improvement of the Juvenile Justice System

    The third goal of OJJDP is to promote improvements in the juvenile 
justice system and facilitate the most effective allocation of system 
resources. The limited resources of the juvenile justice system must be 
reserved for the most difficult and intractable problems of juvenile 
crime. A sound policy concentrates the more formal, expensive, and 
restrictive options of the juvenile justice system in two areas:
     Youth behavior that is most abhorrent and least amenable 
to preventive measures and community responses.
     Problems of youth and their families that exceed community 
resources and require more stringent legal resolution. It also promotes 
accountability on the part of individual juvenile offenders to their 
victims.

Fiscal Year 1995 Programs

    The following are brief summaries of each of the proposed new and 
continuation programs for fiscal year 1995. The specific program 
priorities proposed within each category are subject to change with 
regard to their priority status, estimated amount, sites for 
implementation, and other descriptive data and information based on the 
review and comment process, grantee performance, application quality, 
fund availability, and other factors. OJJDP has limited appropriations 
available for new programs in fiscal year 1995. Accordingly, new 
programs are proposed with funding levels that are subject to change.
    A number of programs contained in this document have been 
identified for funding by Congress with regard to the grantee(s), the 
amount of funds, or both. Such programs are indicated by an asterisk 
(*). The 1995 Appropriations Act Conference Report for the Departments 
of Commerce, Justice, and State, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies 
Programs identified 13 programs for OJJDP to examine and fund if 
warranted. Three of the programs are included in this Plan for 
continuation funding. The remaining 10 will receive careful 
consideration for funding in fiscal year 1995.
    The new Safe Futures: Partnerships to Reduce Youth Violence and 
Delinquency Program is presented first, as it is an overarching effort 
that addresses all three of the OJJDP goal areas. This umbrella program 
focuses on a variety of services and funding resources.

                    Fiscal Year 1995 Program Listing                    
                                                                        
                                                                        
Umbrella program:                                                       
Safe Futures: Partnerships to Reduce Youth Violence and                 
 Delinquency..............................................    $7,000,000
Evaluation of the Safe Futures: Partnerships to Reduce                  
 Youth Violence and Delinquency Program...................       150,000
Delinquency prevention:                                                 
New programs:                                                           
Family Strengthening and Support--Including Non-English                 
 Speaking.................................................     1,000,000
Training and Technical Assistance for Family-Strengthening              
 Services.................................................       250,000
Training in Risk-Focused Prevention Strategies............       500,000
Truancy...................................................       400,000
Youth-Centered Conflict Resolution........................       200,000
Pathways to Success.......................................       450,000
Mental Health in the Juvenile Justice System..............       500,000
Youth Handgun Study/Model Juvenile Handgun Legislation....       175,500
Multipurpose Educational Curriculum for Young Victims.....        75,000
San Francisco Culture of Peace Project....................       458,000
Gangs and Delinquency Research............................       800,000
Field-Initiated Gang Research Program.....................       500,000
Gangs, Groups, Individuals, and Violence Intervention.....       200,000
Impact Evaluation of Law-Related Education*...............       500,000
Innovative Approaches in Law-Related Education*...........       200,000
Delinquency prevention:                                                 
Continuation programs:                                                  
Satellite Prep School Program and Early Elementary School               
 for Privatized Public Housing............................       720,000
Targeted Outreach with a Gang Prevention and Intervention               
 Component (Boys and Girls Clubs).........................       600,000
The Congress of National Black Churches: National Anti-                 
 Drug Abuse Program.......................................       250,000
Cities in Schools--Federal Interagency Partnership........       200,000
Hate Crimes...............................................       200,000
Community Anti-Drug Abuse Technical Assistance Voucher                  
 Project..................................................       200,000
Children as Witnesses to Community Violence...............       170,658
Law-Related Education (LRE)*..............................     2,800,000
Teens, Crime, and Community: Teens in Action in the 90s*..     1,000,000
``Just Say No'' International*............................       250,000
Jackie Robinson Center (JRC)*.............................       250,000
Parents Anonymous, Inc.*..................................       250,000
Lowcountry Children's Center, Inc.*.......................       250,000
Community-based alternatives:                                           
New programs:                                                           
At-Risk Youth in Public Housing Communities...............     2,000,000
Comprehensive Community-Based Services for At-Risk Girls                
 and Adjudicated Juvenile Female Offenders................       400,000
Bethesda Day Treatment Center.............................       320,000
Community-based alternatives:                                           
Continuation programs:                                                  
Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offender Treatment               
 Program..................................................     1,500,000
OJJDP Technical Assistance Support Contract: Juvenile                   
 Justice Resource Center..................................       650,000
Native American Alternative Community-Based Program.......       600,000
School Safety Center......................................       250,000
Juvenile Restitution: Balanced Approach...................       100,000
Professional Development for Youth Workers................        50,000
Insular Area Support*.....................................       403,000
Permanent Families for Abused and Neglected Children*.....       225,000
Robeson County, North Carolina*...........................       202,645
Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania*..........................        50,000
Improvement of the juvenile justice system:                             
New programs                                                            
The Juvenile Justice Prosecutor Training Project..........       200,000
Technical Assistance to Juvenile Corrections and Detention              
 (The James E. Gould Memorial Program)....................       200,000
Technical Assistance For State Legislatures...............       163,000
Information and Statistics Projects.......................       625,000
Waiver Studies............................................       275,000
OJJDP Support for PAVNET..................................        25,000
Innovative Firearms Programs..............................       250,000
OJJDP Management Evaluation Contract......................       360,000
Improvement of the juvenile justice system:                             
Continuation programs:                                                  
Law Enforcement Training and Technical Assistance Program.     1,504,924
Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse............................     1,031,167
Comprehensive Communities Program--Comprehensive Gang                   
 Initiative...............................................       799,345
Comprehensive Gang Initiative.............................       700,000
Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Demonstration and                   
 Technical Assistance Program.............................       620,000
Juvenile Justice Statistics and Systems Development.......       550,000
Development of OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy for Serious,              
 Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders..................       500,000
Training for Juvenile Corrections and Detention Staff.....       500,000
Children in Custody.......................................       450,000
Research Program on Juveniles Taken Into Custody--NCCD....       450,000
Children at Risk..........................................       350,000
Interventions to Reduce Disproportionate Minority                       
 Confinement in Secure Detention and Correctional                       
 Facilities (The Deborah M. Wysinger Memorial Program)....       300,000
Violence Study--Causes and Correlates.....................       300,000
Child Centered Community-Oriented Policing................       300,000
Nonviolent Dispute Resolution.............................       300,000
Contract for the Evaluation of OJJDP Programs.............       290,000
Pulling America's Communities Together (PACT) Program                   
 Development..............................................       261,000
Due Process Advocacy Program Development..................       250,000
Improvement in Correctional Education for Juvenile                      
 Offenders................................................       250,000
Juveniles Taken Into Custody (JTIC): Interagency Agreement       200,000
Enhancing Enforcement Strategies for Juvenile Impaired                  
 Driving Due to Alcohol and Other Drug Use................       150,000
Training in Cultural Differences for Law Enforcement/                   
 Juvenile Justice Officials...............................       100,000
Evaluation of Intensive Community-Based Aftercare                       
 Demonstration and Technical Assistance Program...........        80,000
Juvenile Justice Data Resources...........................        25,000
Juvenile Court Training*..................................     1,070,057
Coalition for Juvenile Justice*...........................       700,000
National Juvenile Court Data Archive*.....................       611,000
Violence Studies*.........................................       500,000
Technical Assistance to the Juvenile Courts*..............       389,943
P.A.C.E., Center for Girls, Inc.*.........................       150,000
Douglas County, Nebraska*.................................        67,055

Umbrella Program

Safe Futures: Partnerships to Reduce Youth Violence and Delinquency 
($7,000,000)

Background

    OJJDP's goals of preventing delinquency, creating community-based 
alternatives, and improving the juvenile justice system are synthesized 
in the Safe Futures: Partnerships to Reduce Youth Violence and 
Delinquency Program. This umbrella program will focus a variety of 
resources on implementation of a comprehensive delinquency prevention 
and intervention program in order to enhance public safety and provide 
a continuum of care for at-risk and delinquent youth. The program will 
fund a range of services designed to meet the multiple needs of young 
people in their communities and support capacity-building at the local 
level to ensure the long-term sustanibility of youth-supporting 
efforts. Programs services would range from prevention through 
aftercare for youth returning to their communities from out-of-home 
placements.
    The Safe Futures Program offers a ``concentration of effort'' 
approach to cities and rural areas much like the Administration's 
Empowerment Zones/Enterprise Communities program. The effort builds a 
continuum of care based on the model presented in OJJDP's Comprehensive 
Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders. Under 
this strategy, communities systemically assess the risk factors present 
in the environment that are known to foster delinquent behavior in 
children. A community then develops a strategy to reduce identified 
risks for delinquency and increase protective factors that promote 
healthy and productive behavior. In addition, the community develops a 
full range of graduate sanctions, beginning with immediate 
interventions, that are designed to hold delinquent juveniles 
accountable to the victim and the community, ensure community security, 
and provide a continuum of services that responds appropriately to the 
needs of each juvenile offender. While many communities have begun this 
process on their own, others throughout the country are engaged in the 
assessment process as a part of OJJDP's Title V Prevention Program.
    Under the Safe Futures Program, units of local government, or 
combinations thereof, will have the opportunity to:
     Build upon a comprehensive delinquency prevention and 
intervention plan developed by a community planning team.
     Focus resources and commitment on a geographical area or 
areas of substantial need.
     Coordinate and develop effective programs to fill in gaps 
in delinquency prevention, intervention, and treatment services 
according to a community-developed comprehensive plan.

The Grant Program

    Through a competitive process, OJJDP would select five units of 
local government or combinations thereof (three urban, one rural, one 
Native American) that propose to establish a continuum of care for the 
jurisdiction's at-risk and delinquency youth and their families. If the 
size of makeup of the applicant's local unit(s) does not make 
jurisdiction-wide services practical or desirable, assistance resources 
may be focused on a localized identified area(s) or neighborhood(s). 
The applicant would provide evidence of the following:
     A comprehensive delinquency prevention, intervention, and 
graduated sanction plan for their jurisdiction developed by a broad 
spectrum of community leaders and residents.
     The presence of risk factors for delinquency in the 
selected area(s) or neighborhood(s), such as high rates of crime, 
poverty, teenage pregnancy, child abuse and neglect, dysfunctional or 
single parent families, school drop-outs, unemployment, or such other 
factors as the grantee identifies in the community.
     A needs assessment and a statement of the problem, 
describing the issues as they pertain to that community.
     A capacity and commitment to leverage state, local, and 
private resources and coordinate the necessary systemic changes to both 
the juvenile justice and social service delivery systems in order to 
create an ongoing, comprehensive, community-based system of care. The 
grantee would develop, and submit as part of the application process, 
memoranda of understanding from those resources included in the 
continuum of care. These memoranda should demonstrate the community's 
interest in solving the problems confronting the community.
    The applicant must develop a proposal which either demonstrates the 
role each of these programs will plan as components in a comprehensive 
plan, or shows that these program areas are currently in place in the 
selected community(ies). The grant programs listed below are described 
in greater detail under each of the goal areas of the fiscal year 1995 
Program Plan:

Part C--Special Emphasis Program ($2,750,000), Including:

     Family Strengthening, including Services for Non-English 
Speaking Families.
     Pathways to Success.
     Comprehensive Community-Based Services for At-Risk Girls 
and Adjudicated Female Juvenile Offenders.
     Mental Health Services for At-Risk and Adjudicated Youth, 
including treatment services for juvenile sex offenders and victims of 
sexual abuse.
     Day Treatment Services.
     Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offender 
Accountability and Treatment Program.
     Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Program.

Part D--Gang-Free Schools and Communities; Community-Based Gang 
Intervention ($2,000,000)

     A program to address Youth At Risk of Gang Involvement in 
Public and federally Subsidized Housing Communities.
    In addition, funds will be set aside for the following activities:

Part G--Mentoring ($1,000,000)

     A Juvenile Mentoring Program (JUMP)

Title V--Prevention ($1,000,000)

     A Local Delinquency Prevention Plan.

Department of Housing and Urban Development ($250,000)

     A program to provide technical assistance and training for 
all Safe Futures Program activities related to public and assisted 
housing.
    The OJJDP strategy suggests that the following prevention, early 
intervention, and graduated sanctions and services could be included as 
part of the continuum of care. We recognize that a jurisdiction needs a 
combination of public and private resources to adequately address the 
following issues:

Create Safe Communities

     Reduce gun violence through enforcement, community-wide 
prevention, and public education including the mass media.
     Assist communities to address emerging or existing gangs 
and prevent youth involvement in gang activity.
     Coordinate prevention and intervention programs with the 
implementation of community-oriented policing.
     Commit to citywide reengineering and quality public 
service.

Support Families and Protect Children

     Provide teen pregnancy prevention and prenatal services to 
high-risk mothers and fathers.
     Strengthen families through parent training, family 
support, and family preservation services.
     Prevent child abuse.
     Develop health services for high-risk youth and their 
families, including drug and alcohol counseling and treatment and 
mental health screening and treatment where necessary.
     Provide services to juvenile victims of and witnesses to 
violence.

Ensure Education

     Expand readiness-to-learn strategies for children, 
including Head Start and other programs.
     Create safe havens.
     Assist youth with learning problems by providing 
specialized educational services and tutoring.
     Address truancy and school dropouts through prevention, 
intervention, and alternative education.
     Encourage the development of positive values and teach 
critical social skills including conflict resolution and peer 
mediation.

Expand Opportunities

     Give children and young people guidance and consistent 
discipline and rewards through the use of mentors.
     Offer opportunities for healthy recreation and cultural 
awareness.
     Promote leadership qualities by involving young people in 
planning and decision-making activities, particularly concerning 
quality of life and public safety problems.
     Provide youth vocational training and meaningful job 
opportunities.

Effective Juvenile Justice

     Respond appropriately to abuse and neglect reports made to 
child protective services and juvenile and family courts.
     Intervene with youth when delinquent behavior first 
occurs.
     Establish a broad spectrum of graduated sanctions that 
provides for accountability to the victim and community, enhances 
community safety, and provides a continuum of services to respond 
appropriately to the needs of each juvenile offender.
     Offer intensive, carefully monitored aftercare services.
     Control the small segment of serious, violent, and chronic 
juvenile offenders.
    Prospective applicants should obtain a copy of OJJDP's 
Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile 
Offenders and the strategy implementation materials that provide a base 
for implementing this initiative. These materials identify promising 
programs in each of the strategy areas, suggest effective assessment 
tools, and guide implementation at the community level for a continuum 
of care model. Copies will be available from OJJDP in March 1995.
    Sites funded under this initiative would be expected to address the 
needs of at-risk children of all ages, with particular attention to 
delinquent youth. Sites will be eligible for program development, 
training, and technical assistance from a variety of OJJDP resources to 
assist their program implementation efforts, including their efforts to 
coordinate and maintain a multidisciplinary community team (including 
law enforcement) that will oversee program implementation.

Evaluation

    Sites would be expected to demonstrate a strong capacity for data 
collection and analysis in order to support a required and stringent 
evaluation component addressing both process and outcome measures. 
Partnerships will also be encouraged with academic institutions to 
enhance evaluation efforts.

Coordination

    OJJDP would coordinate this program with:
     Other Federal agencies including the Department of Housing 
and Urban Development, Education, Labor, Health and Human Services, the 
Corporation for National and Community Service, and the Office of 
National Drug Control Policy.
     The business and foundation sectors.
    Sites would be expected to have completed a needs assessment, 
including strengths and weaknesses of their service delivery system; a 
problem statement; and a vision statement. Applicants would also be 
expected to demonstrate how they have linked their activities with 
other Federal, State, local, national, and community foundations, and 
private-sector programs, particularly ongoing programs such as the 
Department of Housing and Urban Development's Empowerment Zones/
Enterprise Communities and Hope Six, the Department of Health and Human 
Services' Family Preservation and Support Services, the Department of 
Education's Drug Free and Safe Schools, the Department of Labor's Youth 
Fair Chance, and the Department of Justice's Operation Weed and Seed, 
PACT, Community Oriented Policing Services, Boot Camps, Drug Courts, 
Comprehensive Communities, and the U.S. Attorneys' antiviolence 
strategies.
    Prospective applicants would be asked to submit a pre-application 
concept paper. Based on OJJDP's review of these papers, those best 
demonstrating an ability to qualify for funding would be invited to 
compete for selection as a Safe Futures Program site. In their pre-
application concept paper, jurisdictions would be asked to provide 
documentation of existing legislation, executive orders, memoranda of 
understanding, and other formal commitments of bona fide partnership 
(e.g., collapsed funding streams, wrap-around services, multiservice 
centers, and procedures for service coordination). Preference would be 
given to jurisdictions that demonstrate the ability to provide matching 
assistance from government, corporate or local businesses, civic 
organizations and foundations and that demonstrate a concerted effort 
to link public safety improvements, economic development initiatives, 
and the Safe Futures Program. Communities that demonstrate commitments 
from funding sources will receive a point preference under the 
evaluation criteria established for the award of funds under this 
program.
    A prospective applicant developing a Safe Futures program 
application would be encouraged to secure outside resources to support 
the establishment of a continuum of care, including other government, 
business, foundation, and other private funds. This program will be 
funded for a 5-year project period. First year funding would be up to 
$1.4 million per site.

Evaluation of the Safe Futures: Partnerships to Reduce Youth Violence 
and Delinquency Program--$150,000

    OJJDP proposes to fund five communities (three urban, one rural, 
and one Native American) under the Safe Futures: Partnerships to Reduce 
Youth Violence and Delinquency Program. This program would provide a 
range of coordinated services to meet the needs of at-risk youth and 
families and juveniles in the juvenile justice system. This program 
will also serve to strengthen the juvenile justice system; and develop 
the ongoing sustainability of service collaboration within the 
jurisdiction.
    The evaluation of all five sites would be supported by this 
program. The evaluation would consist of both process and impact 
components. The process evaluation, to begin during the first year, 
would include an examination of planning procedures and the extent to 
which the sites' implementation is consistent with the principles of a 
continuum of care model. The process evaluation would identify the key 
factors responsible for successful implementation. It would also be 
important for the evaluation to identify substantial obstacles to 
successful implementation of a continuum of care model.
    The selected evaluator would be responsible for developing a cross-
site monograph that discusses continuum of care implementation for use 
by other communities that want to develop a similar system for 
juveniles.
    The evaluator would develop a research design for the impact 
component within the first year. Data collection for the impact 
component would begin during the second year of the evaluation. The 
impact component would address the effects of the continuum of care 
strategy on the clients served. Furthermore, it would address the 
efficacy of the structure and operation of the continuum of care 
strategy.
    OJJDP would award a single cooperative agreement for up to $150,000 
for first-year funding of this multiyear evaluation program.

Delinquency Prevention--New Programs

    Congress appropriated $20 million in fiscal year 1995, under Title 
V of the JJDP Act, for the second year of a new delinquency prevention 
program that began in 1994. This program also supports OJJDP's 
Comprehensive Strategy by reducing the onset of delinquency among 
youths who might otherwise have begun or continued on a pathway to 
serious, violent, and chronic delinquency. Community planning teams are 
being established at the local level under this program to conduct risk 
and resource assessments in order to determine what delinquency 
prevention programs are needed for that particular jurisdiction. The 
work of these planning teams should be coordinated with other system 
planning efforts such as Family Preservation and Support Services, U.S. 
Attorney Antiviolence Strategies, and providing Graduated Sanctions for 
Juvenile Offenders.
    Under Title V, communities submit applications to their State 
Formula Grants Program agency for funding of local prevention programs 
that community planning teams have determined are needed to prevent 
delinquency, based on the community's assessment of its needs and 
priorities. Communities must provide a matching contribution and are 
encouraged to establish partnerships with the private sector, 
especially corporations and foundations.
    Title V prevention plans include a number of multidisciplinary 
program approaches beginning with prenatal care and including a 
continuum of programs from birth to adulthood.
    Other delinquency prevention programs are set forth below for which 
communities engaging in comprehensive community planning can apply 
directly to OJJDP for funding.

Family Strengthening and Support--Including Non-English Speaking--
$1,000,000

    Strengthening and supporting families, including non-English 
speaking families, is a priority area in the JJDP Act and a key 
component of the comprehensive approach to delinquency prevention and 
control envisioned in the proposed Safe Futures: Partnerships to Reduce 
Youth Violence and Delinquency Program. In support of this priority, 
OJJDP proposes to provide funding to each of the five communities 
selected to implement a Safe Futures Program. Funds will be used to 
initiate or expand needed family-strengthening intervention and 
treatment programs, including programs for English and non-English-
speaking families, that involve juveniles who are parents and are in 
the juvenile justice system, and that enlist schools and other local 
entities in family programming.
    A major family-strengthening research project funded by the OJJDP 
was recently completed. The grantees, the University of Utah and 
Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, produced a user's guide, 
Strengthening America's Families: Promising Parenting and Family 
Strategies for Delinquency Prevention, and an executive summary that 
reviews both the current impact of family characteristics on risk for 
delinquency and the most promising family change interventions. Given 
the multiple variations of intervention strategies, the project 
recommends the organization of family-strengthening programs and 
services according to the family's level of functioning and the child's 
age. The researchers identified a representative group of 25 programs 
as particularly promising.
    Under this program area, OJJDP would support implementation of new 
or expanded family-strengthening efforts designed to improve parental 
functioning as part of an overall plan to prevent delinquency or 
intervene with youth who are in the juvenile justice system. 
Communities that compete and are selected under the Safe Futures 
Program will be eligible to receive funding under this program. The 
family-strengthening component of this initiative would be funded in 
the five selected communities at up to $200,000 per site.

Training and Technical Assistance for Family-Strengthening Services--
$250,000

    Prevention, early intervention, and effective crisis intervention 
are critical elements in a community's family support system. In many 
communities, support services are geared toward intervention following 
a traumatic event, or toward the point when a child comes into contact 
with the justice system as a result of repeated behavioral problems. 
Over the years, OJJDP's program support and technical assistance has 
focused primarily on youth in the juvenile justice system. Technical 
assistance and training have not generally been available to community 
organizations and agencies focused upon prevention services or early 
intervention initiatives. Currently, training is being provided to 
communities interested in implementing risk-focused prevention. 
Following this training, communities will be better able to apply for 
and use Title V funds to support prevention programs.
    Title V funds, along with funds available through the State 
Challenge Activities Grant Program, will provide resources through 
State agency recipients of formula grant funds for jurisdictions and 
communities wanting to strengthen family support services, develop 
services where gaps exist, or augment and retool existing services to 
respond to new populations. In fiscal year 1995, OJJDP proposes to 
support a program to provide technical assistance and training to 
public and private nonprofit agencies and organizations interested in 
structuring or enhancing family strengthening program models in 
communities where such services are designed as part of community-wide 
efforts to prevent delinquency and reduce violence. Such assistance 
would be offered for a selected number of family support models that 
have been demonstrated to be effective in diverse communities. OJJDP 
will award a competitive grant to an organization experienced in this 
area of expertise to provide these services.

Training In Risk-Focused Prevention Strategies--$500,000

    OJJDP will provide additional training in fiscal year 1995 for 
communities interested in developing a risk-focused delinquency 
prevention strategy. This training is designed to support OJJDP's Title 
V Delinquency Prevention Program and similar federally funded programs 
by providing the knowledge and skills necessary for local, State, and 
private agency officials and citizens to identify and address risk 
factors that are known to lead to violent and delinquent behavior in 
children and youth. In fiscal year 1994 this training was offered in 
all 50 States and the District of Columbia, and to State and local 
officials engaged in planning associated with Department of Health and 
Human Services prevention programs.
    OJJDP will award a contract to provide the training, including the 
following: (1) Orientation training on risk and resiliency focused 
prevention theories and strategies for State, local and private 
community leaders, (2) identifying, assessing, and addressing risk 
factors, (3) training for trainers in selected States to provide 
statewide capacity to train communities on risk-focused prevention, and 
(4) development of training curricula, materials, and media to increase 
the capacity of States and localities to conduct risk-focused 
prevention training. This training would be provided through a 
competitive contract award.

Truancy--$400,000

    Truancy has been rated as one of the top 10 problems facing 
schools, with the daily absentee rate being as high as 30 percent in 
some cities. As a number of studies have documented, high rates of 
truancy are linked to high daytime burglary rates, auto theft rates, 
and vandalism. In addition to the impact upon the community and the 
school system, truancy has an even more important impact on students' 
learning gains, interpersonal relationships, and, ultimately, 
completion of school and employment.
    In fiscal year 1995, OJJDP expects to collaborate with the Bureau 
of Justice Assistance (BJA) and the Department of Education to support 
a technical assistance program focused on combating the problem of 
truancy in the Nation's public schools. BJA will contribute $200,000 to 
this program. The parameters of this program will be defined in joint 
planning with the Department of Education and outlined in the final 
plan.

Youth-Centered Conflict Resolution--$200,000

    Violence in and around school campuses, conflict among students 
within schools, and conflicts between schools related to intramural 
activities have become increasingly problematic for school 
administrators, teachers, parents, and community leaders. While experts 
may debate the merits and impact of the varied contributing factors, 
most would agree that public school curricula, for the most part, do 
not provide for the systematic development of problem- and conflict-
resolving skills. Inclusion of problem-solving skills in school 
curricula and community activities can be expected to provide a 
continuum in problem-solving skills and approaches that will enhance 
school discipline and lead to improved functioning in a democratic 
society.
    OJJDP proposes to award a grant to a qualified organization to 
develop, in concert with other established organizations currently 
providing conflict resolution services, a national strategy for broad-
based education, training, and utilization of conflict resolution 
skills. In support of this task, the grantee would conduct four 
regional technical assistance workshops on the use of the joint 
publication being developed by the Department of Justice and the 
Department of Education, Conflict Resolution Programs in Schools: A 
guide to Program Selection and Implementation. A complementary task may 
include the compilation of a compendium of model programs for this 
publication.

Pathways to Success--$450,000

    This project will support a collaborative effort among OJJDP, the 
Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA), and the National Endowment for the 
Arts. The project will promote business entrepreneurial, education, 
recreation, job skills, and arts programs for after-school and weekend 
hours. This program would make available to at-risk youth a variety of 
opportunities outside the regular school curriculum.
    This program would be jointly funded with the BJA ($200,000) and 
the National Endowment for the Arts ($50,000). It would fund up to five 
applications at $40,000 each under the Safe Futures Program and up to 
five additional competitive sites at up to $50,000 each for the fist 
year of a two year project period. Applicants interested in applying 
for this program would need to demonstrate that collaboration has taken 
place with existing education, business, arts, and community groups and 
youth-serving agencies in the development of its program, including, 
where appropriate, collaboration with existing after-school and weekend 
youth programs. The Pathways to Success program would serve at-risk 
youth from age 6 to 18, but a project would not need to cover the full 
age range.

Mental Health in the Juvenile Justice System--$500,000

    This program would implement a two-pronged strategy to address the 
mental health and juvenile justice systems' lack of coordinated and 
adequate mental health treatment for at-risk and delinquent youth. The 
program would target juveniles with mental health problems and 
impairments (including learning disabilities), those who are at risk of 
becoming status or delinquent offenders, and alleged and adjudicated 
status offenders and delinquents with undiagnosed or untreated mental 
health problems, including those in residential care or juvenile 
detention and correctional facilities.
    The first phase, funded under the fiscal year 1994 plan, provides a 
two day conference for approximately 200 attendees to address the 
topics of at-risk juveniles and juveniles with mental health problems 
or learning disabilities in the juvenile justice system.
    The second phase, to be considered for funding in fiscal year 1995, 
would provide funds to the five jurisdictions participating in the Safe 
Futures Program. Their planning process would be expected to provide 
comprehensive, coordinated, and collaborative approaches among juvenile 
justice, youth service, and mental health agencies to improve mental 
health services for juveniles in these five communities. A particular 
focus of the fiscal year 1995 funding would be to target victims of 
child abuse and juvenile sex offenders.

Youth Handgun Study/Model Juvenile Handgun Legislation--$175,500

    Reducing and preventing gun violence is a primary concern of 
Federal, State, and local governments. This violence affects youth not 
only as perpetrators but also as victims and witnesses. There is a need 
to know about the various laws that States have passed concerning youth 
and handguns.
    This project will collect, analyze, and compare selected provisions 
of State firearms codes, particularly as they pertain to juveniles. The 
purpose is to develop a body of information about key provisions of 
State firearms codes. The results of this study will assist in 
formulating laws, policies, and programs to reduce firearms-related 
violence. The product to be developed is a guide to selected State 
firearm provisions. This study, and the development of a model juvenile 
handgun law, are mandated by the Violent Crime Control and Law 
Enforcement Act of 1994. In order to immediately begin collecting study 
data to assist in developing the model law, $52,500 was transferred to 
the Bureau of Justice Assistance for an award to the National Criminal 
Justice Association for the purpose of collecting, examining, and 
analyzing existing and proposed State firearms codes. The Crime Act 
requires the Attorney General, through the Administrator and the 
National Institute for Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, to 
develop a Constitutional and enforceable model juvenile handgun law. 
This model law will guide the States in their development of laws 
concerning juvenile handgun possession. The model law will be stated in 
a format designed to enable States to determine which provisions are 
best suited to their individual needs. This effort will be assisted by 
the National Criminal Justice Association under a grant in the amount 
of $123,000. No additional applications will be solicited in fiscal 
year 1995.

Multipurpose Educational Curriculum for Young Victims--$75,000.

    Funds for this program will be transferred to the Office for 
Victims of Crime. The project will develop curriculum and training 
materials for use by school personnel, youth groups, and victim 
services providers to teach adolescents about the impact of crime on 
victims, about available victim assistance resources, and about 
strategies for providing effective peer support for young victims of 
crime. The program is expected to enhance victim service provider 
outreach activities targeting youth at risk and promote violence 
prevention.

San Francisco Culture of Peace Project--$458,000

    This program, which expands a 1994 AmeriCorps Summer of Safety 
Program, would place 50 participants in community service activities 
through the following four existing violence-prevention community 
collaborations targeting Latino, African-American, and Asian youth at 
high-risk of gang involvement: (1) Violence Prevention Initiative--
located in the Mission District, the neighborhood with the highest 
incidence of youth violence in the city; (2) Prevention and Leadership 
Alternatives for Youth--located in three contiguous neighborhoods: 
Bayview-Hunters Point, Visitation Valley, and OMI; (3) North of Market 
Planning Coalition--focuses on alcohol-related violence in the 
Tenderloin District; and (4) Urban Service Schools Project--focuses on 
violence-prevention curricula in elementary schools.

Gangs and Delinquency Research--$800,000

    In fiscal year 1994, OJJDP channeled its gang-related activities 
into the Comprehensive Gang Program, made possible by an increased Part 
D appropriation. The National Gang Assessment and Resource Center, 
funded under the fiscal year 1994 Program Plan, will provide a national 
baseline study of the presence and characteristics of violent gangs. 
This year, OJJDP proposes to supplement this baseline study with two 
studies designed to develop detailed information on various aspects of 
gangs in gang-plagued cities identified in the basline studies. The 
main purpose of these supplemental studies is to examine gang behavior 
as a subset of overall delinquency. Specific issues to be examined 
include assessing the relationship of gang participation to other forms 
of delinquency and violence associated with gang membership and 
determining the proportion of violent youth crime accounted for by 
youth gangs. Proposals are encouraged that incorporate gang studies 
into ongoing studies of large samples of juveniles.
    OJJDP will provide a maximum of two awards in amounts of up to 
$400,000 each under this program.

Field-Initiated Gang Research Program--$500,000

    OJJDP's Field-Initiated Research Program offers support for 
research ideas generated in the field rather than by OJJDP. Fiscal year 
1995 Field-Initiated Research Program funding would be directed to the 
support of research on gangs, reflecting the growth in violence among 
youth gangs. Priority research topics include evaluation of prevention 
and intervention approaches aimed at diverting at-risk youth from 
becoming gang members, factors related to joining and leaving gangs, 
ethnographic studies on the dynamics of gang creation or joining, or 
other topics identified by applicants.
    OJJDP would provide up to five awards for up to $100,000 each under 
this program.

Gangs, Groups, Individuals, and Violence Intervention--$200,000

    Little is known about the interrelationships among gang 
participation, group delinquency, and individual violence. The dynamics 
of a juvenile's movement in and out of these relationships is not well 
understood. How these patterns of delinquency contribute to the careers 
of serious and violent offenders is unknown. Nor do we have a clear 
understanding of the prevention and intervention program implications 
of these patterns of delinquency.
    This project will involve a systematic review, assessment, and 
synthesis of existing research results on gangs, other types of group 
involvement, and individual serious and violent delinquency to 
determine the implications for prevention and juvenile/criminal justice 
system interventions. The framework to be used in conducting this 
review of existing knowledge is a criminal career model, including 
onset, acceleration, maintenance, and desistance elements.
    Implications for OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, 
Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders project will be drawn. 
Recommendations will be made for prevention programs and interventions 
in the juvenile and criminal justice systems that take into account 
meta-analyses of prevention and intervention programs. One cooperative 
agreement will be competitively awarded to implement this project in 
fiscal year 1995.

Impact Evaluation of Law-Related Education*--$500,000

    OJJDP proposes to join with the U.S. Department of Education (DOE) 
in conducting a multiyear impact evaluation of law-related education. 
The evaluation would serve a variety of purposes, including: (1) 
providing descriptive information about the process of designing, 
implementing, and maintaining projects; (2) determining outcome and 
effects of the program, such as changes in attitudes or behavior of 
participants; and (3) developing information on the best practices and 
performance indicators to allow for ongoing assessment by program 
practitioners. The contractor selected for this effort would be 
competitively selected by OJJDP and DOE.

Innovative Approaches in Law-Related Education*--$200,000

    The purpose of this competitive program is to support and advance 
the practices of law-related education (LRE) for the prevention of 
delinquency within and outside the classroom. Funds will be available 
to support two projects, at up to $100,000 each, that promote 
innovative methods, techniques, approaches, or delivery related to LRE. 
The promising approaches or ideas submitted will be judged on their 
applicability to delinquency prevention, on whether the proposed 
approach differs from previously funded efforts of OJJDP, and on the 
extent to which they provide an innovative approach consistent with 
accepted LRE program principles.

Delinquency Prevention--Continuing Programs

Satellite Prep School Program and Early Elementary School for 
Privatized Public Housing--$720,000

    This is a continuation of a demonstration program under which OJJDP 
supports the establishment of an early elementary school program on the 
premises of the Ida B. Wells Public Housing Development in Chicago, 
Illinois. The program is a collaborative effort among OJJDP, the 
Chicago Housing Authority, and the Westside Preparatory School and 
Training Institute to establish a prep school for children in 
kindergarten through 4th-grade who live in the development.
    On September 14, 1994, the Wells prep school opened with 
kindergarten and 1st-grade students. In September 1993, a 2nd grade was 
added and in September 1994 a 3rd grade was added. The prep school 
operates as an early intervention educational model based on the Marva 
Collins Westside Preparatory School educational philosophy, curriculum, 
and teaching techniques. The Westside Preparatory School, a private 
institution located in Chicago's inner-city Weed and Seed neighborhood, 
has had dramatic success in raising the academic achievement level of 
low-income minority children. Fiscal year 1995 funds will be used to 
continue the operation and management of the Wells prep school and to 
add a 4th grade. Awards will be made to existing grantees. No 
additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Targeted Outreach With a Gang Prevention and Intervention Component 
(Boys and Girls Clubs)--$600,000

    This program is designed to enable local Boys and Girls Clubs to 
prevent youth from entering gangs and to intervene with gang members in 
the early stages of gang involvement to divert them from gang 
activities and into more constructive programs. The National Office of 
Boys and Girls Clubs would provide training and technical assistance to 
existing sites and expand to additional gang prevention and 
intervention sites. The program would be implemented by the current 
grantee. No additional applications would be solicited in fiscal year 
1995.

The Congress of National Black Churches: National Anti-Drug Abuse 
Program--$250,000

    OJJDP proposes the continuation of The Congress of National Black 
Churches' (CNBC) national public awareness and mobilization strategy to 
address the problem of drug abuse and enhance drug abuse prevention 
efforts in targeted communities. The goals of the national mobilization 
strategy are to summon, focus, and coordinate the leadership of the 
black religious community, in cooperation with the Department of 
Justice and other Federal agencies and organizations, to help mobilize 
groups of community residents to combat drug abuse and drug-related 
crime activities among adults and juveniles. CNBC operates this program 
in 31 cities.
    The program will be expanded to address family violence 
intervention issues and target up to six additional cities for a total 
of 37 cities. No additional applications will be solicited in fiscal 
year 1995.

Cities in Schools--Federal Interagency Partnership--$200,000

    This program is a continuation of a national school dropout 
prevention model developed and implemented by Cities in Schools, Inc. 
(CIS). CIS provides training and technical assistance to States and 
local communities, enabling them to adapt and implement the CIS model. 
The model brings social, employment, mental health, drug prevention, 
entrepreneurship, and other resources to high-risk youth and their 
families at the school level. Where CIS State organizations are 
established, they will assume primary responsibility for local program 
replication during the Federal interagency partnership.
    This program is jointly funded by OJJDP and the Departments of the 
Army, Health and Human Services, and Commerce under an OJJDP grant. The 
project will be implemented by the current grantee. No additional 
applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Hate Crimes--$200,000

    The Education Development Center, Inc., (EDC) is developing a 
multipurpose curriculum for hate crime prevention in the schools and 
sanctions for juveniles who commit hate crimes. This curriculum is 
being pilot tested in the 8th grade of the Collins Middle School in 
Salem, Massachusetts. Once the pilot is evaluated and the curriculum 
redesigned, EDC will test the revised curriculum in two additional 
sites to ensure that it is geographically and demographically 
representative.
    In consultation with the Office of Victims of Crime, EDC will 
develop a dissemination strategy for the curriculum and other products, 
including a judges' guide for dealing with bias crimes.
    No additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Community Anti-Drug-Abuse Technical Assistance Voucher Project--
$200,000

    In July 1991, OJJDP entered into a cooperative agreement with the 
National Center for Neighborhood Enterprise (NCNE) to extend its 
outreach to community-based grassroots organizations around the country 
that are working effectively to solve the problems of youth drug abuse. 
The goals and objectives of this program are as follows:
A. Goals
    1. To allow various neighborhood groups to inexpensively purchase 
needed services through the use of technical assistance vouchers 
disbursed by NCNE.
    2. To demonstrate the cost-effective use of vouchers to help 
neighborhood groups secure technical assistance for anti-drug-abuse 
projects to serve high-risk youth.
    3. To extend OJJDP technical assistance to groups that are 
traditionally excluded because they lack the administrative 
sophistication, technical and grantsmanship skills, and resources to 
participate in traditional competitive grant programs.
B. Objectives
    1. To provide support to community groups in developing and 
implementing a strategy under the ``Weed and Seed'' program.
    2. To function as a clearinghouse for information on community 
anti-drug-prevention initiatives.
    3. To review all technical assistance applications and select 15-25 
eligible community-based anti-drug programs for award of vouchers.
    This continuation award is designed to provide more than $90,000 in 
additional vouchers to an additional 25-30 organizations and to provide 
clearinghouse services to an additional 300 community groups.
    Vouchers, which range in value from $1,000 to $10,000, can be used 
for planning, proposal writing, program promotion, legal assistance, 
financial management, and other activities. Selection of awardees and 
amounts is determined by the degree to which applicants meet the 
following criteria:
     Not previously funded by OJJDP or NCNE.
     Lack of access to traditional funding sources.
     Need for technical assistance and training.
     Small budget.
     Comprehensiveness of youth anti-drug programs.
     Clarity and feasibility of strategies presented on 
application.
    No additional applications would be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Children as Witnesses to Community Violence--$170,658

    This project develops, implements, and evaluates after-school 
interventions to protect elementary-school-age children from the 
aftereffects of exposure to violence. The intervention program is 
expected to prevent or reduce the occurrence of certain negative 
psychological symptoms among children exposed to community violence. It 
should also help children develop coping skills that can reduce the 
likelihood of their future involvement in violence. The program is 
operated by Howard University and managed by the National Institute of 
Justice (NIJ). OJJDP funds will be transferred to NIJ to complete this 
program in fiscal year 1995.

Law-Related Education (LRE)*--$2,800,000

    The Law-Related Education National Training and Dissemination 
Program includes five national LRE projects and programs operating in 
48 States and four non-State jurisdictions.
    The program's purpose is to provide training and materials to State 
and local school jurisdictions to encourage and guide them in 
establishing LRE delinquency prevention programs in K-12 curricula and 
in juvenile justice settings. Grantees will also be encouraged to 
develop violence prevention programs in primary, middle, and secondary 
schools and to foster LRE program expansion in urban minority 
communities. The major components of the program are coordination and 
management, training and technical assistance, preliminary assistance 
to future sites, public information, program development, and 
assessment.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantees, the 
American Bar Association, the Center for Civic Education, the 
Constitutional Rights Foundation, the National Institute for Citizen 
Education in the Law, and the Phi Alpha Delta Legal Fraternity. No 
additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Teens, Crime, and Community: Teens in Action in the 90s*--$1,000,000

    This continuation program is conducted by the National Crime 
Prevention Council (NCPC) and the National Institute for Citizen 
Education in the Law (NICEL). Teens in Action in the 90s is a special 
application of the Teens, Crime, and Community program, which operates 
on two premises: (1) teens are disproportionately victims of crimes and 
(2) teens can contribute to improving their schools and communities 
through a broad array of activities.
    Under the fiscal year 1995 award, NCPC and NICEL will work through 
the National Teens, Crime, and Community Program Center to harness the 
energies of young people toward constructive activities designed to 
reduce crime and violence. The Program Center will be enlarged to serve 
as a formal clearinghouse for information and materials dissemination 
and to provide technical assistance and training. With the fiscal year 
1995 funds, NCPC will significantly expand the number of communities 
participating in this program.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantee. No 
additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

``Just Say No'' International*--$250,000

    This grant will assist ``Just Say No'' International to expand its 
Youth Power program to public housing projects in Oakland, California, 
and Baltimore, Maryland. In fiscal year 1994, an award of $250,000 was 
made to Just Say No to expand the program to Oakland, California. In 
fiscal year 1995, Just Say No will expand into Baltimore, Maryland.

Jackie Robinson Center (JRC)*--$250,000

    JRC is a comprehensive program that provides cultural education, 
sports, and counseling services for at-risk youth. In fiscal year 1994, 
an award of $250,000 was used to expand the program to new sites. 
Fiscal year 1995 funding will support continued expansion to additional 
sites.

Parents Anonymous, Inc.*--$250,000

    Parents Anonymous, Inc., (PA) will continue the program started in 
fiscal year 1994 and expand services in communities that have existing 
PA chapters to families and youth at highest risk of delinquency. The 
main focus of this program is to prevent child abuse and neglect 
through the creation of parent support groups.

Lowcountry Children's Center, Inc.*--$250,000

    Lowcountry Children's Center, Inc., (the Center) is a community-
based program that offers services to children who are victims of 
violence. The Center is a nonprofit organization located in Charleston, 
South Carolina. Its mission is to coordinate full range of services for 
abused and victimized children and their families. A major goal of the 
program is to restore child victims and their families to a healthy 
level of functioning. Client services currently offered by the Center 
include: Initial assessment, psychological testing, and individual, 
group, and family therapy. Other services include: Lay and expert 
testimony in court hearings, investigative/law enforcement services, 
on-going multidisciplinary case coordination and case tracking, 
professional training, and case and program consultation. The funding 
requested from OJJDP will allow the Center to complete the array of 
services necessary to create a model comprehensive program of 
intervention for these children and their families. The Center will 
also focus on program evaluation and research to determine effective 
interventions in particular types of case--enabling the model created 
by this funding to be fully evaluated and, if successful, replicated. 
No additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Community-Based Alternatives--New Programs

    Communities attempting to refocus their juvenile justice resources 
on serious, violent, and chronic offenders will be assisted in 
developing comprehensive programs for juvenile offenders that combine 
accountability with treatment and rehabilitation services. These sites 
will be planning and implementing as many elements of OJJDP's 
Comprehensive Strategy as resources permit. If successful, they will 
serve as models for other jurisdictions.
    Communities will also receive assistance in developing a continuum 
of community-based care for offenders who do not present a threat to 
public safety. For example, a program is proposed that would provide 
alternatives for females in the juvenile justice system.

At-Risk Youth in Public Housing Communities--$2,000,000

    This program is designed to help communities build coalitions to 
reduce gangs and violence in public housing developments in partnership 
with public and federally subsidized housing residents. Fiscal year 
1995 funding will establish the program in public and federally 
subsidized housing developments in the five Safe Futures Program sites. 
Under this program, community-based groups that can demonstrate a 
successful record of providing services to public housing youth and 
residents would be eligible to receive funds to develop a community 
coalition to address the needs of youth at risk for gang involvement. 
Program components would include: (1) Prevention and intervention 
activities directed at elementary school through high school gang 
violence and (2) onsite technical assistance to community-based groups, 
including members of the local public housing resident association as 
well as residents who are parents of youth to be served.
    Each applicant would conduct a community assessment of current 
conditions and programs directed at youth and at preventing violence 
and establish a planning committee composed of residents and 
representatives from those sectors of the community which the residents 
believe can help reduce youth violence. If funded, the committee will 
plan, develop, and initiate its local program. At the end of the 
initial period, committees that have successfully organized an active 
community coalition, identified needed resources, and implemented one 
or more projects with youth of the community would be considered for 
continuation funding by OJJDP. It is anticipated that through an 
interagency agreement between OJJDP and the Department of Housing and 
Urban Development, funds and support will be provided for the technical 
assistance and training component of this program.

Comprehensive Community-Based Services for At-Risk Girls and 
Adjudicated Juvenile Female Offenders--$400,000

    This program would focus on providing comprehensive, gender-
specific prevention, intervention, treatment, and alternative services 
that include an intensive aftercare component for juvenile female 
offenders and girls who are at high-risk of entering the juvenile 
justice system. The program would be part of the Safe Futures Program. 
Applicants must assess existing community services for at-risk and 
adjudicated female juvenile offenders and document the need for a new 
or improved comprehensive prevention, intervention, treatment, or 
alternative service project in their target area. An aftercare 
component would be required to assist juvenile female offenders who are 
returning to the community from an out-of-home placement.
    While intervention services should be provided in the least 
restrictive environment, the increase in arrests of female juvenile 
offenders indicates that community-based intervention is not always 
possible. In order to offer needed prevention and intervention services 
to as many juveniles as possible, this program would focus on girls in 
nonresidential and nonsecure residential programs such as day treatment 
and group homes. Up to $80,000 would be available to each of the five 
Safe Futures grantees to coordinate service providers in the community, 
assess existing services, identify local resources to supplement funded 
services, and provide training for project staff.

Bethesda Day Treatment Center--$320,000

    Pennsylvania's Bethesda Day Treatment Center is a private, 
nonprofit agency established to provide intensive day treatment and a 
variety of other services that promote the social adjustment of 
juvenile offenders in the community.
    For four years, OJJDP has provided funds to the Center to develop 
and document intensive, outpatient, community-based treatment and care 
centers for juveniles at risk of delinquency and those who have been 
referred to court and are in the preadjudication or postadjudication 
stages of the juvenile justice system. Center services were initially 
designed to help youth in rural areas or small towns who committed 
offenses related to family supervision and control. More recently, the 
program has demonstrated its effectiveness in larger cities, including 
Kalamazoo, Michigan and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, with juveniles who 
commit serious delinquent acts.
    Bethesda Day Treatment Center's services include intensive 
supervision, counseling, and coordination of a range of services 
necessary to develop skills that enable youth to function appropriately 
in the community. Services are client, group, and family focused. 
Client-focused services include intake, casework, service and treatment 
planning, individual counseling, intensive supervision, and study 
skills. Group focused services include group counseling; life and jobs 
skill training, cultural enrichment, and physical education. Family 
focused activities include family counseling, home visits, parent 
counseling, and family intervention services.
    Day treatment services are cost effective, about 50 percent less 
than secure placement, and pose a minimal risk to community safety. 
Also, this approach can be implemented quickly. With management systems 
and funding in place, it takes only 6 to 9 months from startup to full 
implementation of a program.
    The Bethesda Day Treatment Center will offer to replicate the day 
treatment model in the five Safe Futures Program sites. Successful 
applicants will be eligible to submit applications to the Bethesda Day 
Treatment Center for up to $30,000, with a $30,000 local contribution, 
to receive training and technical assistance. Other local jurisdictions 
will also be eligible to receive services from the grantee under the 
same terms. No additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 
1995.

Community-Based Alternatives--Continuation Programs

Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offender Treatment Program--
$1,500,000

    In fiscal year 1993, under a competitive announcement, OJJDP 
awarded funds to enable two jurisdictions (Allegheny County, 
Pennsylvania and Washington, D.C.) to develop a plan for systematic 
graduated sanctions for juvenile offenders. The plan combines 
accountability and sanctions with increasingly intensive community-
based intervention, treatment, and rehabilitation services as the 
seriousness of a juvenile's offenses increases or a particular offense 
warrants. The plan's basic elements are to (1) assess the existing 
continuum of secure and nonsecure intervention, treatment, and 
rehabilitation services in each jurisdiction, (2) define the juvenile 
offender population, (3) develop and implement a program strategy, (4) 
develop and implement an evaluation, (5) integrate private nonprofit, 
community-based organizations into juvenile offender services, (6) 
incorporate an aftercare program as a formal component of all 
residential placements, (7) develop a resource plan to enlist the 
financial and technical support of other Federal, State, and local 
agencies, private foundations, or other funding sources, and (8) 
develop a victim assistance component using local organizations.
    In fiscal year 1994, these jurisdictions each qualified for 
$500,000 implementation grants. Two additional jurisdictions are being 
selected under a fiscal year 1994 competitive program, for combined 
planning and implementation awards of $500,000 each.
    In fiscal year 1995, each of the original jurdisctions will receive 
continuation awards of $500,000 for second year implementation. Also in 
fiscal year 1995, up to $100,000 will be available to each of the five 
Safe Futures program sites to develop action plans for graduated 
sanctions systems in the target areas. BJA will transfer $1,500,000 to 
OJJDP to implement this program in fiscal year 1995. No additional 
applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

OJJDP Technical Assistance Support Contract: Juvenile Resource Center--
$650,000

    This contract provides technical assistance and support to OJJDP, 
OJJDP grantees, and the Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention in the areas of program development, evaluation, 
training, and research. Support of this program will be supplemented in 
fiscal year 1995.

Native American Alternative Community-Based Program--$600,000

    This program is designed as a collaborative effort between OJJDP 
and other public and private organizations concerned about juvenile 
delinquency among Native Americans. Its purpose is to develop 
community-based alternative programs for Native American youth who are 
adjudicated delinquent and to develop a re-entry program for Native 
American delinquents returning from institutional placements. A 
multicomponent design has been developed in the four project sites. 
Fiscal year 1995 funding will support continued implementation of these 
projects. Training and technical assistance will also be provided to 
integrate the critical elements of OJJDP's intensive supervision and 
community-based aftercare programs with cultural elements traditionally 
used by Native Americans to control and rehabilitate offending youths.
    The Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians, the Navajo Nation, the Gila 
River Indian Community, and the Pueblo of Jemez are the project sites 
initially funded in fiscal year 1992. The National Indian Justice 
Center provides the sites with training and technical assistance. No 
additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

National School Safety Center--$250,000

    The purposes of this collaborative program between OJJDP and the 
Department of Education are: (1) To provide training and technical 
assistance regarding school safety for elementary and secondary schools 
and, (2) to identify methods for diminishing crime, violence, and 
illegal drug use in schools and on campuses, with special emphasis on 
gang-related crime. The National School Safety Center maintains a 
library and clearinghouse with specialized information, does research 
on school safety issues, and develops publications and training 
programs. The program focuses on preventing drug abuse and violence in 
schools and providing State personnel trained in school safety to give 
technical assistance to localities.
    The Department of Education contributed $1 million to the program 
in fiscal year 1994. The program will be implemented by the current 
grantee, the National School Safety Center at Pepperdine University. No 
additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Juvenile Restitution: Balanced Approach--$100,000

    OJJDP proposes to continue to support the juvenile restitution 
training and technical assistance program in fiscal year 1995. The 
project design is based on practitioner recommendations for current 
needs in the field. OJJDP initiated a survey on how best to integrate 
and institutionalize restitution as a key component of juvenile justice 
dispositions. In addition to the survey, a working group was convened 
to help map out the course of OJJDP's support for optimum development 
of the components of restitution. These components include community 
service, victim reparation, victim-offender mediation, offender 
employment and supervision, employment development, and potential 
program elements designed to establish restitution as an important 
alternative in improving the juvenile justice system. This project is 
guided by the need to provide a balance of community protection and 
offender competency development and accountability in the provision of 
community-based sanctions.
    The Division of Applied Research of Florida Atlantic University was 
competitively selected in fiscal year 1992 to implement this project. 
The grant would be extended in fiscal year 1995 to support States that 
have enacted balanced approach legislation. No additional applications 
would be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Professional Development for Youth Workers--$50,000

    The primary purpose of this program is to promote professional 
development of youth service and juvenile justice system providers 
through formal training. The program will include an inventory of 
existing training programs and their effectiveness, a needs assessment 
training survey, development of curricula for several program settings, 
design of a dissemination strategy, and an implementation plan for the 
third year of a three-year program.
    Initially funded in fiscal year 1992, the Academy for Educational 
Development, Inc., will continue the project for six months to train 
trainers in the new curricula. No additional applications will be 
solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Insular Area Support*--$403,000

    The purpose of this program is to provide supplemental financial 
support to the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Trust 
Territory of the Pacific Islands (Palau), and the Commonwealth of the 
Northern Mariana Islands. Funds are available to address the special 
needs and problems of juvenile delinquency in these insular areas, as 
specified by Section 261(e) of the JJDP Act, 42 U.S.C. 5665(e).

Permanent Families for Abused and Neglected Children*--$225,000

    This is a national project to prevent unnecessary foster care 
placement of abused and neglected children, to reunify the families of 
children in care, and to ensure permanent adoptive homes when 
reunification is impossible. The purpose is to ensure that foster care 
is used only as a last resort and as a temporary solution. Accordingly, 
the project is designed to ensure that government's responsibility to 
children in foster care is acknowledged by the appropriate disciplines. 
Project activities include national training programs for judges, 
social service personnel, citizen volunteers, and others under the 
Reasonable Efforts Provision of 42 U.S.C. 671(a)(15), training in 
selected lead States; and development of a model guide for risk 
assessment. The program will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
National Council of Family and Juvenile Court Judges. No additional 
applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Robeson County, North Carolina*--$202,645

    This grant is to the State of North Carolina to continue 
implementing a pilot program for African-American males, ages 12 to 15, 
who, in lieu of confinement, will be supervised in the community and 
assigned to a weekend academy where they will receive intensive 
services including counseling, tutoring, conflict resolution, and job 
training. In the first year, 100 juveniles were expected to be served. 
Second-year funds will be used to continue and expand the program.

Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania*--$50,000

    With fiscal year 1995 funds, the District Attorney's Office in 
Lackawanna County created a Comprehensive Juvenile Crime Unit to 
investigate, prosecute, and prevent juvenile crime and to coordinate 
with other county agencies that are helping youth avoid delinquent 
behavior and become productive citizens. The primary activity will be 
to establish a Juvenile Justice Task Force to work with the Juvenile 
Probation Office to assess the needs and services of Lackawanna County. 
The Task Force will also review the last five years of the Juvenile 
Probation Office files to determine demographics, numbers of juvenile 
crimes committed, recidivism, and school district disciplinary and 
rehabilitation programs. Fiscal year 1995 funds will complete 
implementation of this program.

Improvement of the Juvenile Justice System--New Programs

    The new programs funded under this objective support OJJDP's 
Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile 
Offenders. In addition, program development will be provided to the 
PACT (Pulling America's Communities Together) program sites. The four 
violence studies will provide valuable information on community 
violence patterns, focusing on homicides, and will identify strategic 
law enforcement responses. Child-centered community policing will be 
furthered in New Haven, Connecticut, and the city's exemplary program 
will serve as a host site for training other jurisdictions. In another 
effort, promising program models for prevention, intervention, and 
treatment of female juvenile offenders will be identified, documented, 
and made available to jurisdictions across the country. Other projects 
will focus on detention and corrections to help the juvenile justice 
system refocus resources on confined offenders and improve conditions 
of confinement.
    Finally, a major program under this objective will focus on 
community interventions with violent youth gangs. Additional Part D 
funds will expand the OJJDP Integrated Gang Program in the areas of 
evaluation, research, training, technical assistance, and information 
dissemination. Cities experiencing gang problems will benefit directly 
from expanded information and technical assistance to address gang 
violence.

The Juvenile Justice Prosecutor Training Project--$200,000

    For several years, OJJDP has supported a prosecutor training 
project developed by the National District Attorneys Association 
(NDAA). This project implements workshops on juvenile justice related 
executive policy, leadership, and management for chief prosecutors and 
juvenile unit chiefs, and provides background information to 
prosecutors on juvenile justice issues and programs.
    OJJDP proposes to fund a project for the above purposes, to be 
implemented by the American Prosecutors Research Institute (APRI), 
based on planning and input by prosecutors familiar with juvenile 
justice needs. APRI is the research and technical assistance affiliate 
of NDAA. The project will utilize a working group of chief prosecutors 
and juvenile unit chiefs to support the project's staff in providing 
training, technical assistance, and juvenile justice related research 
and program information to practitioners nationwide. The expectation is 
that within the next three years, a self-supported Juvenile Justice 
Prosecutor Center will be established through links with State 
prosecutor training programs.
    The award for the Juvenile Justice Prosecutor Training Project will 
be made to APRI. No additional applicants will be considered in fiscal 
year 1995.

Technical Assistance to Juvenile Corrections and Detention (The James 
F. Gould Memorial Program)--$200,000

    The purpose of the proposed program is to continue OJJDP's 
capability to provide technical assistance for juvenile corrections and 
detention. A major responsibility of the grantee would be to plan and 
convene the annual Juvenile Corrections and Detention Forum. The forum 
provides an opportunity for 100 juvenile corrections and detention 
leaders to meet and discuss issues, problems, and solutions to 
corrections and detention problems. A second objective is to provide 
workshops and training conferences on current and emerging national 
issues in the field of juvenile corrections and detention. The grantee 
would provide limited technical assistance through document 
dissemination. OJJDP will award a competitive grant to an organization 
experienced in this area of expertise to provide these services.

Technical Assistance for State Legislatures--$163,000

    State legislatures are being pressed to respond to public fear of 
juvenile crime, and that there is increasingly less confidence in the 
capability of the juvenile justice system to respond effectively. For 
the most part, State legislatures have not had enough information to 
properly address justice issues. Consequently, OJJDP proposes to award 
a grant to the National Conference of State Legislatures to identify, 
analyze, and disseminate information to help State legislatures make 
more informed decisions about legislation affecting the juvenile 
justice system. A complementary task will involve supporting more 
communication between State legislators and State and local leaders who 
influence decision making regarding juvenile justice issues. A $163,000 
grant will be awarded to the NCSL in fiscal year 1995. No additional 
applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Information and Statistics Projects--$625,000

    OJJDP recently conducted an independent review of its Information 
and Statistics Program to help the Office develop a 5-year plan for 
information and data collection. As a result of this review, $625,000 
would be allocated to the following new projects: National Juvenile 
Statistics Analysis Center; National Indicators of Risk and Protective 
Factors; Juveniles in the Criminal Justice System; National Program 
Directory; and Integrated Juvenile Justice, Mental Health, and Child 
Welfare Data Collection.
National Juvenile Statistics Analysis Center
    OJJDP would establish a center denoted to collecting and analyzing 
statistics generated by OJJDP programs, State agencies, academic 
research, and other Federal agencies and programs. This National 
Juvenile Statistics Analysis Center would focus on two umbrella 
activities: (1) retrieving Federal, State and local research and data, 
and (2) providing quick analyses to inform Federal, State, and local 
policy and program decisions. The impetus for the Center comes from the 
recognition that many States are performing statistical analyses of 
their delinquency and juvenile justice systems. Other jurisdictions can 
benefit greatly from access to these data and analyses. The Center 
would function as a collection point for the research. With an 
increased national emphasis on juvenile justice issues, there is more 
need for specific and quick analyses of particular issues. The Center 
will provide such analyses on a wide range of subjects.
    Other activities of the Center would include:
     Analyzing demographic, delinquency, and violence trends, 
including surveys of delinquency and related youth problems, Uniform 
Crime Report data, and victimization surveys.
     Analyzing violent behavior trends and patterns, 
particularly assaults and robberies, to increase our understanding of 
these phenomena.
     Maintaining national data sets on juvenile justice system 
handling of juveniles. Of particular interest would be State studies of 
disproportionate minority confinement and gender bias being conducted 
pursuant to the JJDP Act.
     Retrieving statewide data sets for analysis and 
cultivating State resources for information and statistics.
     Maintaining data sets produced under major studies of 
delinquency and related juvenile problems.
     Distributing the results of statistical analyses conducted 
by others at the State and local level.
    The Center would be funded through a multiyear competitive contract 
award.
National Indicators of Risk and Protective Factors
    Widespread adoption of the public health model as stimulated 
interest in viewing juvenile delinquency and other problem behaviors in 
terms of risk and protective factors. At the same time, interest in 
developing social indicators of delinquency has grown. Because of these 
two developments, a plan for collection and analysis of national 
indicators of risk and protective factors needs to be explored. State 
and community level baselines would enable measurement of the impact of 
delinquency prevention programs on risk and protective factors. A 
national baseline, with annual comparisons, could permit forecasts of 
changes in delinquency and youth violence levels and trends.
    Several projects have laid the foundation of national and state-by-
state baselines: Kids Count, the National Youth Survey, OJJDP's Causes 
and Correlates Research Program, and Six State Communities That Care 
Pilot Program, and InfoNation. The key issue concerns the feasibility 
of nationwide establishment, at the State level, of reporting 
requirements necessary to generate comparable data.
    OJJDP would support a pilot study designed to test the feasibility 
of establishing comparable measurements of risk and protective factors, 
and prevalence measures for delinquency and other problem behaviors, at 
the individual, community, State, and national levels. The planning 
phase of the feasibility study would involve a wide range of expertise, 
including researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. The involvement 
of other Federal agencies and foundations interested in supporting such 
a program would be actively explored. OJJDP would award a single 
competitive grant to support the pilot study.
Juveniles in the Criminal Justice System
    Policymakers and legislators seeking data on how juveniles get to 
criminal court and on rates of conviction and sentencing, treatment, 
and conditions of confinement have found that existing information is 
often inadequate to help them make decisions about legislation, policy, 
and program development.
    OJJDP, in cooperation with the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) 
and the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), proposes to identify and 
fill these data gaps by working collaboratively with interested State 
and local officials. Through OJJDP's Juvenile Justice Statistics and 
Systems Development Program, a series of meetings would be convened 
involving prosecutors, judges, corrections officials, State Statistical 
Analysis Centers, researchers, and staff from OJJDP, NIJ, and BJS. The 
purpose of the meetings would be to plan multijurisdictional studies of 
the transfer process and its outcomes. The project also would identify 
information needs to recommend for inclusion in the BJS National Survey 
of State Prosecutors.
    A number of multi-agency planning teams would be invited to assist 
in the collaborative design of the studies by identifying core data 
elements and definitions for cross-jurisdictional collection and 
analysis. The design process would be informed by a literature review 
and the identification of existing studies and data sets for secondary 
analysis to fill immediate gaps. A detailed review of the Government 
Accounting Office's pending waiver study would inform the project as to 
the feasibility of certain options.
National Program Directory
    To further develop OJJDP's statistical capability, OJJDP proposes 
the creation of a National Program Directory. This directory would 
contain the names and addresses of specific juvenile justice programs 
along with important identifying information. The director would 
include prosecutors, juvenile probation departments, juvenile court 
judges, mental health agencies, youth welfare agencies, and other 
executive branch juvenile justice agencies. The directory would form 
the sampling frame for future OJJDP surveys.
    An important feature of this project would be a series of Quick 
Response Surveys (QRS). Each QRS would address a specific problem and 
be directed to a specific group of respondents. The goal of each QRS 
will be to provide vital information quickly on emerging problems and 
issues. QRS would be made possible through Census Bureau development of 
program and facility directories on juvenile courts, detention centers, 
and long-term State confinement facilities. These surveys would address 
such issues as: characteristics of assaultive behaviors, juveniles in 
police lock-ups, juvenile sex offenders, family issues, and 
overcrowding.
    The initial phase of this project would focus on developing a 
directory structure, collecting core information, and developing a QRS 
strategy.
Integrated Juvenile Justice, Mental Health and Child Welfare Data 
Collection
    Recent research has documented the co-occurrence of delinquency, 
mental health problems, drug and alcohol abuse, and child abuse and 
neglect. However, current data collection mechanisms do not permit 
linking client data from the juvenile justice system with data from the 
mental health and child welfare systems. Information is needed on how 
the child welfare and mental health systems function as diversion 
programs and as providers of alternative incarceration for problem 
youth not served by the juvenile justice system. Ways of linking these 
data collection systems would be explored in order to (1) understand 
the interrelationships of the three systems, (2) develop models that 
coordinate the actions of the three systems, and (3) integrate them 
into a continuum of care.
    OJJDP proposes to support a planning effort to map out steps toward 
integrated juvenile justice, mental health, and child welfare data 
collection. OJJDP would carry this work out in collaboration with other 
Federal agencies that have an interest in the objectives of this 
program, including the National Institute of Mental Health; the Center 
for Mental Health Services; the National Institute on Drug Abuse; the 
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse; the Administration on Children, 
Youth and Families; and the Social Security Administration. This 
project would also involve practitioners and researchers from the 
mental health, juvenile justice, and child welfare fields. OJJDP's 
Statistics and Systems Development Program will provide staff support 
for this planning activity, including conducting a literature review, 
identifying useful data sets for secondary analysis, and convening 
planning meetings. The results will include recommendations for future 
implementation steps.
    OJJDP's current Statistics and Systems Development Program grantee, 
the National Center for Juvenile Justice, would conduct this program 
activity. No additional applications would be solicited in fiscal year 
1995.

Waiver Studies--$275,000

    States are increasingly enacting new legislation mandating transfer 
of juveniles to criminal courts. This trend includes the development of 
innovative procedures such as (1) blending traditional features of 
juvenile and criminal justice procedures and (2) sanctions and statutes 
that categorize juvenile offenders into different classes according to 
the seriousness of the offense, designating juvenile or criminal court 
for each class. Research in this area has been limited; few studies 
have evaluated juvenile and criminal court handling of serious or 
violent juvenile offenders.
    OJJDP proposes to support two studies in fiscal year 1995. The 
first would compare juvenile and criminal court handling of juveniles. 
This comparison would be made between a State(s) that allows for 
judicial waiver of serious or violent juvenile offenders and a State(s) 
that mandates criminal court handling for specified categories of 
offenders. The second study would evaluate an innovative system of 
blending criminal and juvenile justice systems to handle serious or 
violent juvenile offenders.
    Funding for the initial phase of each of these studies will be 
competitively awarded and will not exceed $125,000 for each grant.

OJJDP Support for PAVNET--$25,000

    PAVNET, the Partnership Against Violence Network, is an information 
initiative that reflects the level of Federal, State, and local 
cooperation needed to build safer, less violent communities. PAVNET 
will integrate information on a wide range of programs and remove 
barriers to sharing information on programs and resources to fight 
violence and support families and children. PAVNET is an electronic 
data base that is accessible through the Internet and also available in 
hard copy.
    OJJDP's proposed support for PAVNET would be accomplished through a 
fund transfer to the National Institute of Justice. Through this 
support, many juvenile justice prevention and intervention programs 
that have been identified as promising and effective models would be 
available through the PAVNET system.

Innovative Firearms Program--$250,000

    The purpose of the Innovative Firearms Program is to assist State 
or local jurisdictions to develop and implement new or enhanced 
projects to prevent the possession and use of firearms by juveniles and 
control illicit firearm trafficking. Law enforcement, prosecutorial 
agencies, schools, community groups, and juvenile justice system 
representatives may participate in the program. The grantee(s), in 
cooperation with the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA), OJJDP, and the 
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, will also work with U.S. 
Attorneys to develop and implement State and local projects related to 
the new Youth Handgun Safety Act. The Act prohibits the possession of a 
handgun or ammunition by, or the private transfer of a handgun or 
ammunition to, a juvenile. BJA and OJJDP will also work with local 
jurisdictions to develop a program to reduce firearms crimes by 
juvenile gangs through improved enforcement of firearms laws and other 
laws and regulations, such as tax and business laws, that are used to 
control firearms sales. OJJDP would transfer funds to BJA for this 
program.

OJJDP Management Evaluation Contract--$360,000

    The purpose of this contract is to provide OJJDP with an expert 
resource capable of performing independent, management-oriented 
evaluations of selected OJJDP programs. Evaluations would determine the 
effectiveness and efficiency of either individual projects or groups of 
projects.
    Evaluations could include demonstrations, tests, training, and 
technical assistance programs. Evaluations would be requested through 
work orders issued by OJJDP and carried out in accordance with work 
plans prepared by the contractor and approved by OJJDP. Each evaluation 
would be defined by OJJDP and costs, method, and timetable determined 
through negotiation between OJJDP and the contractor. The contract 
would be funded through a competitive award in fiscal year 1995.

Improvement of the Juvenile Justice System--Continuation Programs

Law Enforcement Training and Technical Assistance Program--$1,504,924

    This continuation award will supplement the contract between OJJDP 
and Fox Valley Technical College in Appleton, Wisconsin. Fiscal year 
1995 funds will be used to conduct a nationwide training and technical 
assistance program designed to improve law enforcement's capability to 
respond to serious juvenile crime and to increase its capacity to 
contribute to delinquency prevention. Technical assistance under this 
contract is provided in response to a wide variety of requests from 
Federal, State, local, and county agencies with responsibility for the 
prevention and control of juvenile crime and delinquency. The contract 
supports continuation of the Police Operations Leading to Improved 
Children and Youth Services (POLICY) series of training programs 
offered by OJJDP. No additional applications will be solicited in 
fiscal year 1995.

Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse--$1,031,167

    Part of the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS), 
the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse provides support to OJJDP in (1) 
collecting, synthesizing, and disseminating information to the public 
on all aspects of juvenile delinquency, (2) developing publications, 
and (3) preparing specialized responses to information requests from 
the public. The Clearinghouse maintains a toll-free number for 
information requests. It also reviews reports, data and standards 
relating to the juvenile justice system in the United States and 
develops specialized resource products for the juvenile justice 
community.
    The Clearinghouse serves as a center for acquiring and 
disseminating information on juvenile delinquency, including State and 
local juvenile delinquency prevention and treatment programs and plans; 
availability of resources; training and educational programs; 
statistics; and other pertinent data and information. It also serves as 
an information bank for the collection and synthesis of data and 
knowledge obtained from research and evaluation conducted by public and 
private agencies, institutions, or individuals concerning all aspects 
of juvenile delinquency.
    Recognizing the critical need to inform juvenile justice 
practitioners and other policymakers on program approaches that hold 
promise, the Clearinghouse continually develops and recommends new 
strategies to communicate the research findings and program activities 
of OJJDP to the practitioner community.
    The entire NCJRS, of which the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse is a 
part, is administered by the National Institute of Justice under a 
competitively awarded contract.

Comprehensive Communities Program--Comprehensive Gang Initiative--
$799,345

    Under the Comprehensive Communities Program, BJA provides funds to 
communities to implement a Comprehensive Gang Initiative. Funding for 
fiscal year 1995 would be a joint BJA and OJJDP effort, with OJJDP 
transferring $799,345 to BJA to support continued implementation of the 
Comprehensive Gang Initiative. The program includes a training 
curriculum and the provision of technical assistance to model 
demonstration sites by the Police Executive Research Forum (PERF). Four 
competitively selected demonstration sites were funded during fiscal 
year 1993 with technical assistance provided by PERF. Four additional 
sites will be funded in fiscal year 1995 through a competitive process. 
Applications will be solicited by BJA.

Comprehensive Gang Initiative--$700,000

    Under the Comprehensive Gang Initiative, BJA has developed a model 
comprehensive approach to gang issues that carefully balances 
prevention, intervention, and suppression approaches. The model 
incorporates strategies that bring together cooperative and coordinated 
efforts of the police, other criminal justice agencies, human services 
providers, and community programs. Funds in the amount of $700,000 will 
be transferred to BJA. In fiscal year 1995, BJA will provide 
continuation funding for the four currently funded project sites.

Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Demonstration and Technical 
Assistance Program--$620,000

    This initiative is designed to support implementation, delivery of 
training and technical assistance, and evaluation for a statewide 
intensive community-based aftercare model in four states competitively 
selected to participate in this demonstration program.
    In fiscal year 1994, the Johns Hopkins University was awarded funds 
to test its intensive community-based aftercare model in four 
demonstration sites. Each of the four sites will receive up to $100,000 
to support program implementation in fiscal year 1995. An independent 
evaluation contractor is providing an initial evaluation design and 
documenting the implementation process under a separate grant.
    The Johns Hopkins University will receive a supplemental award of 
$220,000 to provide training and technical assistance to the four 
selected sites and to OJJDP's Youth Environmental Service Program, Boot 
Camp Pilot Program, and Safe Futures Program. This is the second budget 
period of a three-year project. BJA will contribute $600,000 to the 
support of this program in fiscal year 1995.

Juvenile Justice Statistics and Systems Development--$550,000

    The purpose of the Juvenile Justice Statistics and Systems 
Development (SSD) Program is to improve Federal, State, and local 
juvenile justice statistics on juveniles as victims and offenders. The 
SSD Program helps OJJDP to formulate a comprehensive program for the 
collection, analysis and dissemination of national statistics on 
juveniles as victims and offenders, and to document the juvenile 
justice system's response. A major product to be completed will be a 
national report on juvenile offending and victimization. Work on this 
product will consist mainly of report production followup, including 
the completion of a detailed technical appendix and preparation of 
additional products for dissemination. The SSD program will focus on 
the following areas in fiscal year 1995: juveniles in the criminal 
justice system; development and testing of a training curriculum for 
improving information systems; integration of juvenile justice, mental 
health, and child welfare data collection; and improving information on 
juvenile detention.
    The program will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
National Center for Juvenile Justice. No additional applications will 
be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Development of OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and 
Chronic Juvenile Offenders--$500,000

    The National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD), in 
collaboration with Developmental Research and Programs, Inc. (DRP), has 
completed Phase I of a collaborative effort to support development and 
implementation of OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, 
and Chronic Juvenile Offenders. This effort involved assessing existing 
and previously researched programs to identify effective and promising 
programs identified in the Comprehensive Strategy. A series of reports 
has been completed on early intervention for ages 0 to 6, prevention 
from childhood to adolescence, graduated sanctions, risk and needs 
assessments, and an operations manual. Phase II, to be carried out in 
fiscal year 1995, will include: information dissemination; program 
development and implementation activities; providing information to 
national, State and local organizations; providing training and 
technical assistance to Title V Prevention and Serious, Violent, and 
Chronic Juvenile Offenders, and Safe Futures Program sites; and 
conducting a series of regional seminars for representative groups of 
key leaders.
    The program will be implemented by NCCD ($275,000) and DRP 
($225,000) under cooperative agreements. No additional applications 
will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Training for Juvenile Corrections and Detention Staff--$500,000

    OJJDP proposes to continue the development and implementation of a 
comprehensive training program for juvenile corrections and detention 
management staff through its interagency agreement with the National 
Institute of Corrections (NIC). The program is designed to offer a core 
curriculum for juvenile corrections and detention administrators and 
mid-level management personnel in such areas as leadership development, 
management, training of trainers, legal issues, cultural diversity, the 
role of the victim in juvenile corrections, gang activity, juvenile 
programming for specialized needs of offenders, and overcrowding. The 
training would be conducted at the NIC Academy and regionally. This 
program is a continuation activity and would be implemented in fiscal 
year 1995 under an interagency agreement with NIC. No additional 
applications would be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Children in Custody--$450,000

    Under this ongoing collaborative program between OJJDP and the U.S. 
Bureau of the Census, OJJDP proposes to transfer funds to the Census 
Bureau to conduct the 1995 biennial census of public and private 
juvenile detention, correctional, and shelter facilities. The census 
describes juvenile custody facilities in terms of their resident 
population, programs, and physical characteristics. It provides 
information on trends in the use of juvenile custody facilities for 
delinquent juveniles and status offenders. The Census Bureau's Center 
for Survey Methods Research would also continue to develop and test a 
roster-based data collection system designed to significantly improve 
information on juveniles in custody. The Bureau's Governments Division 
would create a new directory of facilities.
    The program would be implemented under an interagency agreement 
with the U.S. Bureau of the Census. No additional applications would be 
solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Research Program on Juveniles Taken Into Custody--NCCD--$450,000

    The Research Program on Juveniles Taken into Custody was designed 
in response to a statutory requirement to produce a detailed annual 
summary of juvenile custody data. During the next 24-month period, the 
National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) will continue to 
implement and refine the State Juvenile Correctional System Reporting 
Program. It is anticipated that individual-level data for 1993 will be 
representative of more than 75 percent of the at-risk juvenile 
population. In addition, NCCD will prepare two additional reports for 
OJJDP. These reports will provide a detailed summary and analysis of 
the most recent data regarding: (1) the number and characteristics of 
juveniles taken into custody, (2) the rate at which juveniles are taken 
into custody, and (3) the trends demonstrated by the data.
    The 1994 data collection will expand coverage by collecting data 
from several small, nonautomated State systems. In order to better 
understand the data collected under the State Juvenile Corrections 
System Reporting Program, NCCD will conduct a State Juvenile 
Corrections Organizational Survey to identify critical dimensions of 
corrections administration that may explain variation in results. NCCD, 
in cooperation with the National Center for Juvenile Justice, will 
assess the proportion of all court commitments that are covered by the 
State Juvenile Corrections Reporting Program as compared with direct 
commitments by local authorities. NCCD will also conduct a pilot data 
collection and research effort on a small sample of detention centers 
to generate data and information on juveniles in detention.
    This program will be implemented by the current grantee, NCCD. No 
additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Children at Risk--$350,000

    OJJDP, the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA), and the Center on 
Addiction and Substance Abuse of Columbia University have undertaken a 
joint program to help communities rescue high-risk pre-adolescents from 
the interrelated threats of crime and drugs. The program tests a 
specific intervention strategy for reducing and controlling illegal 
drugs and related crime in target neighborhoods and fosters healthy 
development among youth from drug- and crime-ridden neighborhoods. 
Multiservice, multidisciplinary, neighborhood-based programs are 
established to provide a range of opportunities and services for pre-
adolescents and their families who are at high risk of involvement in 
illegal drugs and crime. Simultaneously, the criminal and juvenile 
justice systems are targeting resources to reduce illegal drug use and 
crime in the neighborhoods where these young people reside. OJJDP funds 
are used for the delinquency prevention component of the program.
    The Center has received funding from a number of foundations that 
has been matched by OJJDP and BJA. Based on the proposals submitted, 
six communities were selected to receive funds beginning in fiscal year 
1992 to implement programs over a three-year period. Seattle, 
Washington; Memphis, Tennessee; Bridgeport, Connecticut; Austin, Texas; 
Savannah, Georgia; and Newark, New Jersey. Foundation and government 
funding ranging from $500,000 to $1 million was allocated to each 
community. The program will be implemented by the current grantee in 
the six communities. OJJDP funds will be transferred to BJA to 
implement the program under a BJA Grant. No additional applications 
will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Interventions To Reduce Disproportionate Minority Confinement in Secure 
Detention and Correctional Facilities (The Deborah Wysinger Memorial 
Program)--$300,000

    National data and studies have demonstrated that minority juveniles 
are overrepresented in secure facilities across the country. In 
response to this problem, OJJDP issued regulations in 1989 requiring 
States participating in the Formula Grants Program to gather and assess 
data to determine the existence of disproportionate minority 
confinement and, if it existed, to design strategies to address the 
problem. As of February 1993, 42 States had completed the required data 
analyses, with all but one determining that minority juveniles were 
overrepresented in secure facilities. Analysis of the data indicated 
that minority youths are disproportionately represented at each point 
of decision making in the juvenile justice system.
    This competitive Special Emphasis program would provide funds to 
States, local units of government, and nonprofit organizations to 
demonstrate effective interventions designed to eliminate the 
disproportionate confinement of minority juveniles in secure detention 
or correctional facilities, adult jails and lockups, and other secure 
institutional facilities. Activities appropriate for funding under this 
initiative would include such programs as:
     Training and education programs for law enforcement and 
juvenile justice practitioners.
     Diversion programs for minority youths who come in contact 
with the juvenile justice system.
     Prevention programs in communities with numbers of 
minority residents.
     Programs to increase the capacity of community-based 
organizations to provide alternatives to detention and incarceration 
for minority youths.
     Aftercare programs designed to assist minority youths 
returning to their communities from secure institutions.
    Grants would be available to State and local agencies, local units 
of government, and nonprofit organizations in amounts ranging from 
$50,000 to $100,000 for the implementation and evaluation of 
interventions designed to reduce disproportionate minority confinement. 
In addition to the general selection criteria applied to all OJJDP 
competitive applications, OJJDP would consider the relationship of the 
application to the State's development of multiple strategies to 
address the State's problem based on minority overrepresentation 
indices as identified in the Phase I data collection analysis. Three to 
six competitive applications would be funded in fiscal year 1995 at 
$50,000 to $100,000 each.

Violence Study--Causes and Correlates--$300,000

    OJJDP proposes to support additional analyses of data collected 
under its Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of 
Delinquency, conducted at the State University of New York at Albany, 
the University of Pittsburgh, and the University of Colorado. Because 
of the richness and scope of the data base, many issues have yet to be 
addressed. The main purpose of additional analyses to be conducted 
under this program is to inform the further development of OJJDP's 
Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile 
Offenders. In addition to conducting analyses specifically related to 
the Comprehensive Strategy, the grantees will produce an update summary 
of their research results.
    This program will be implemented by the grantees noted above. No 
additional applications would be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Child Centered Community-Oriented Policing--$300,000

    In fiscal year 1993, OJJDP provided support to the New Haven, 
Connecticut, Police Department and the Yale University Child 
Development Center to document a child-centered community-oriented 
policing model, which is being implemented in New Haven. The basic 
elements of the model are a 10-week training course in child 
development for all new police officers, and child development 
fellowships for all community-based district commanders who direct 
neighborhood police teams. The fellowships provide 4 to 6 hours of 
training each week over a 3-month period at the Child Study Center. The 
program also includes: (1) 24-hour consultation from a clinical 
professional and a police supervisor to patrol officers who assist 
children in violent situations; (2) weekly case conferences with police 
officers, educators; and (3) child study center staff; open police 
stations, located in neighborhoods and accessible to residents, for 
police and related services; community liaison; and neighborhood foot 
patrols.
    In fiscal year 1994, Community Policing funds transferred from the 
Bureau of Justice Assistance supported a technical assistance and 
training grant to allow the Yale/New Haven project to serve as a host 
site for jurisdictions interested in replicating the essential elements 
of the model. In fiscal year 1995, OJJDP funds will support the 
continuation of this project. No additional applications will be 
solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Nonviolent Dispute Resolution--$300,000

    This program is a joint effort of OJJDP and the Bureau of Justice 
Assistance (BJA) to test a variety of strategies to train teenage 
students to constructively manage anger, resolve conflicts, learn the 
importance of mutual respect, and be responsible for their actions. Up 
to three organizations or agencies would be identified to implement 
program models. To qualify, applicants must have demonstrated 
successful work in programs that include collaborative efforts among 
educators, counselors, criminal justice representatives, and parents or 
caretakers. Applications would be solicited by BJA on a competitive 
basis.

Contract for the Evaluation of OJJDP Programs--$290,000

    This contract will be extended and supplemented in the amount of 
$290,000 to complete evaluation reports on OJJDP's Boot Camp Pilot 
Program, to continue the evaluation of the Disproportionate Minority 
Confinement and Title V Prevention Program evaluations, and to provide 
other evaluation services required by OJJDP prior to the award of a new 
competitive contract.
    The contract supplement will be awarded to Caliber Associates. A 
new competitive contract will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Pulling America's Communities Together (PACT) Program Development--
$261,000

    Project PACT is an initiative through which Federal agencies work 
with State and local agencies and communities to develop a strategic 
plan to help reduce crime and violence by building healthier 
communities. The role of the Federal government in Project PACT is to 
support the community's identification of needs, formulation of a 
coordinated community response, and development of resources to 
implement a community action plan. OJJDP would continue to provide PACT 
cities with technical assistance and information on programs and 
services that offer best hope for success in the development of 
antiviolence strategies of juvenile offenders and victims.
    The National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) has provided 
the Project PACT jurisdictions of Metro Atlanta, Metro Denver, 
Nebraska, and Washington, D.C., with technical assistance for the past 
year. NCCD would continue to provide such assistance through fiscal 
year 1995 by responding to requests for assistance in implementing 
juvenile justice reform through OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy for 
Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders.
    This program would be implemented by NCCD. No additional 
applications would be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Due Process Advocacy Program Development--$250,000

    In fiscal year 1993, OJJDP funded the American Bar Association 
(ABA), in partnership with the Juvenile Law Center (JLC) of 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and the Youth Law Center (YLC) of San 
Francisco, California to develop the due process advocacy program 
strategies. The goals of the program are: (1) to increase juvenile 
offenders' access to legal services; (2) to improve the quality of 
preadjudication, adjudication, and dispositional advocacy for juvenile 
offenders; and (3) to ensure due process to all juveniles in the 
juvenile justice system. The strategies will be made available to State 
and local bar associations and other relevant organizations so that 
they can develop approaches to increase the availability and quality of 
counsel for juveniles. The ABA, JLC, and YLC have completed an 
assessment of the current state of the art with regard to legal 
services, training, and education. In fiscal year 1995, they will 
develop strategies to improve access, availability, and the quality of 
counsel and provide a comprehensive report on these issues. During this 
second funding cycle, training materials will be developed and tested 
in selected sites. Training materials will be adjusted based on 
experience in the test sites and a dissemination strategy developed. 
The ABA will establish mechanisms for networking with legal service 
providers such as public defender offices and children's law centers. 
Fiscal year 1995, funding will support the second six months of the 
second year budget for this 3-year effort. No new applications will be 
solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Improvement in Correctional Education for Juvenile Offenders--$250,000

    The purpose of this program is to assist juvenile corrections 
administrators in planning and implementing improved educational 
services for detained and incarcerated juvenile offenders.
    In fiscal year 1992, the National Office for Social Responsibility 
(NOSR) was awarded a 3-year cooperative agreement to conduct a 
comprehensive assessment of the literature and to produce a report 
documenting state of the art practices in educational reform. The 
results of this effort were utilized to develop a training and 
technical assistance program to improve educational services for 
incarcerated juveniles.
    NOSR would be awarded up to $250,000 in fiscal year 1995 to provide 
training and technical assistance to three sites to be competitively 
selected in fiscal year 1995. No additional applications would be 
solicited for this training and technical assistance program during 
fiscal year 1995.

Juveniles Taken Into Custody (JTIC): Interagency Agreement--$200,000

    The U.S. Bureau of the Census is working with OJJDP and the 
National Council on Crime and Delinquency to develop a comprehensive 
national statistical reporting system that is responsive to the 
information requirements of the OJJDP Act, the needs of the juvenile 
justice field for data on juvenile custody populations, and the needs 
of State legislatures and juvenile justice professionals for data to 
assist in making informed planning and policymaking decisions.
    The Census Bureau acts as the data collection agent for the JTIC 
program under an interagency agreement. No additional applications will 
be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Enhancing Enforcement Strategies for Juvenile Impaired Driving Due to 
Alcohol and Other Drug Use--$150,000

    Through a $75,000 interagency agreement with the National Highway 
Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) of the U.S. Department of 
Transportation, OJJDP is supporting an initiative on Enhancing 
Enforcement Strategies for Juvenile Impaired Driving Due to Alcohol and 
Other Drug Use. The goals of this program are: (1) to increase the use 
of the arrest sanction among law enforcement agencies in cases where 
juvenile drivers are impaired by alcohol and other drugs, by developing 
and testing a model comprehensive program in selected demonstration 
sites and by disseminating training and technical assistance materials 
for police, prosecutors, judges, and probation officers on effective 
procedures and law enforcement strategies; and (2) to increase 
community reliance on a unified systemwide response to juvenile 
impaired driving by involving the criminal juvenile system and other 
elements of the community in encouraging enforcement efforts that use 
the arrest sanction.
    This three-phase program is entering its third and final phase. To 
date, the grantee, the Police Executive Research Forum (PERF), has 
developed a draft comprehensive Juvenile Driving Under the Influence 
Enforcement Working Model, training curricula, and technical assistance 
materials. Five sites have been selected and are testing the model and 
receiving training and technical assistance from PERF. The 
demonstration sites are Albany County, New York; Tulsa, Oklahoma; 
Astoria, Oregon; Hampton, Virginia; and Phoenix, Arizona.
    In the third phase of the program, the observations and lessons 
learned from the demonstration sites will be categorized, analyzed, 
consolidated, and organized into a replicable model. The model will be 
presented to law enforcement and other interested public and private 
organizations through a variety of ``how-to'' materials. Project work 
products will be developed as a series of discrete, stand-alone 
publications to be published and distributed with the notation that the 
materials, like the various model components, must be coordinated in 
order to produce the desired result--a cooperating local criminal 
justice system that supports its police in the use of the arrest 
sanction as a principle deterrent to juvenile impaired driving. No 
additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Training in Cultural Differences for Law Enforcement/Juvenile Justice 
Officials--$100,000

    Under a previous OJJDP award, The American Correctional Association 
(ACA), in collaboration with the Police Executive Research Forum 
(PERF), developed and tested a 2\1/2\ day cultural diversity training 
curriculum that is applicable to all juvenile justice system 
components. The curriculum has been presented by ACA and PERF trainers, 
and has been well received by training attendees, particularly juvenile 
justice/law enforcement trainers. In addition, the ACA has received 
numerous requests from juvenile justice agencies to provide the 
training to their personnel.
    In recognition of the need for and benefits of cultural diversity 
training, OJJDP proposes to continue support for the above project in 
fiscal year 1995. The purpose of the additional funding would be to 
enable the grantee to implement additional State and regional training-
of-trainers programs across the country in response to requests from 
the field.
    The competitively awarded grant to the ACA for this project would 
be supplemented in fiscal year 1995 in the amount of $100,000.

Evaluation of Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Demonstration and 
Technical Assistance Program--$80,000

    This supplement will allow the evaluation grantee to provide 
additional assistance in data collection in fiscal year 1995 to the 
four States implementing the Intensive Community-Based Aftercare 
Demonstration and Technical Assistance Program.
    The initial stage of this evaluation will assess the process used 
by the four demonstration states to implement an intensive community-
based aftercare program, evaluate technical assistance provided to 
these States, and develop a preliminary impact evaluation research 
design. This supplemental award will provide for the initiation of data 
collection efforts as soon as the research design for the impact 
evaluation is completed.
    This program will be implemented by the evaluation grantee. No 
additional applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Juvenile Justice Data Resources--$25,000

    This program enhances the availability of juvenile justice data 
sets for secondary analysis. The project takes data files from OJJDP 
research and statistical programs and prepares them for use by other 
researchers. Data files made available during fiscal year 1994 include 
the 1993 Children in Custody Census, Juveniles Taken Into Custody, and 
the Causes and Correlates Research Program.
    This program will be implemented under an interagency agreement 
with the University of Michigan. No additional applications will be 
solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Juvenile Court Training*--$1,070,057

    The primary purpose of this project is to continue and refine the 
training and technical assistance program offered by the National 
Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges. The training objectives 
are to supplement law school curricula and provide judges with current 
information on developments in juvenile and family case law and 
available options for sentencing and treatment. Emphasis will also be 
placed on drug testing, gangs and violence, and intermediate sanctions. 
The project will provide both basic training to new juvenile and family 
court judges and specialized training to experienced judges.
    The program will be implemented by the current grantee, The 
National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges. No additional 
applications will be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Coalition for Juvenile Justice*--$700,000

    The Coalition for Juvenile Justice supports and facilitates the 
purposes and functions of each State's Juvenile Justice State Advisory 
Group (SAG). The Coalition, acting as a Federal advisory committee, 
reviews Federal policies and practices regarding juvenile justice and 
delinquency prevention, prepares and submits an annual report and 
recommendations to the President and Congress, and provides advice to 
the OJJDP Administrator. The coalition is also authorized to develop an 
information center for the SAG's and to conduct an annual conference to 
provide training for SAG members.

National Juvenile Court Data Archive*--$611,000

    The National Juvenile Court Data Archive collects, processes, 
analyzes, and disseminates automated data and published reports from 
the Nation's juvenile courts. The archive's reports examine referrals, 
offenses, intake, and dispositions in addition to specialized topics 
such as minorities in juvenile courts and specific offense categories. 
The archive also provides assistance to jurisdictions in analyzing 
their juvenile court data. In fiscal year 1995, the archive will 
enhance the collection, reporting, and analysis of more detailed data 
on detention, dispositions, risk factors, and treatment data using 
offender-based data sets from a sample of juvenile courts.
    The program will be implemented by the current grantee, the 
National Center for Juvenile Justice. No additional applications will 
be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Violence Studies*--$500,000

    The 1992 Amendments to the JJDP Act require OJJDP to conduct a 
study on violence in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Los Angeles, California, 
Washington, D.C., and in at least one rural area. Building on the 
results of OJJDP's Program of Research on Causes and Correlates, these 
studies will address the incidence of violence committed by or against 
juveniles in urban and rural areas of the United States. In fiscal year 
1993, OJJDP initiated these studies by supporting a planning phase and 
providing funding to each of four programs with fiscal year 1994 funds. 
It is anticipated that awards will be required to continue studies in 
two of the four designated sites in fiscal year 1995. No additional 
applications would be solicited in fiscal year 1995.

Technical Assistance to the Juvenile Courts*--$389,943

    The National Center for Juvenile Justice (NCJJ), the research 
division of the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges, 
provides four types of technical assistance under this grant: (1) 
information resources; (2) onsite consultation; (3) off-site 
consultation; and (4) a cross-site consultation. Emphasis will be 
placed on intermediate sanctions for handling juveniles involved in 
drug-related offenses and gang activities and other emerging issues 
confronting the juvenile court.
    The current grantee, the National Center for Juvenile Justice, will 
implement the program. No additional applications will be solicited in 
fiscal year 1995.

P.A.C.E. Center for Girls, Inc.*--$150,000

    The P.A.C.E. Center for Girls, Inc., will expand its program to 
several new sites and provide technical assistance to jurisdictions 
that wish to adopt the P.A.C.E. program model. P.A.C.E. provides 
juvenile court judges with an alternative program for at-risk teenage 
girls arrested for status and minor delinquent offenses. Fiscal year 
1995 funds will support the second year of implementation.

Douglas County, Nebraska*--$67,055

    This is a grant for a youth pre-trial diversion program in Douglas 
County, Nebraska. It was initially funded in fiscal year 1994 for a 
two-year project period. Fiscal year 1995 funding will support second-
year implementation.
Shay Bilchik,
Administrator, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
[FR Doc. 94-32280 Filed 12-29-94; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4410-18-M