[Federal Register Volume 59, Number 138 (Wednesday, July 20, 1994)]
[Unknown Section]
[Page 0]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 94-17131]


[[Page Unknown]]

[Federal Register: July 20, 1994]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 80

[AMS-FRL-5007-9]

 

Regulation of Fuels and Fuel Additives: Standards for 
Reformulated and Conventional Gasoline

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.

ACTION: Direct final rule.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990 (CAA or the Act), 
mandated that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or the Agency) 
promulgate regulations requiring that gasoline sold in certain areas be 
reformulated to reduce vehicle emissions of toxic and ozone-forming 
compounds and that gasoline sold outside these areas would not be more 
polluting than it was in 1990. On February 16, 1994, EPA published the 
final rule establishing performance standards and compliance provisions 
for conventional and reformulated gasoline (RFG). This direct final 
rule (DFRM) makes minor corrections, clarifications, and revisions to 
various provisions in the final reformulated gasoline rule.
    This action addresses the following issues: Work-In-Progress (WIP) 
baseline adjustments; JP-4 baseline adjustments; summer/winter season 
definition for baseline determination; complex model valid range 
extension for conventional gasoline baselines; valid range limits for 
aromatics, oxygen, benzene, and RVP; clarifications to the VOC and 
NOX extrapolations in the complex model; clarifications of 
seasonal condition inconsistencies; and enforcement corrections/
clarifications associated with the reformulated gasoline and anti-
dumping regulations, as well as several technical clarifications and 
typographical corrections.

EFFECTIVE DATES: This rule will be effective September 19, 1994 unless 
notice is received by August 19, 1994 that adverse or critical comments 
will be submitted or that an opportunity to submit such comments at a 
public hearing is requested. If such comments or a request for a public 
hearing are received by the Agency, then EPA will publish a subsequent 
Federal Register notice withdrawing from this action only those items 
which are specifically listed in those comments or in the request for a 
public hearing. See SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION for further discussion on 
submission of public comment.

ADDRESSES: Interested parties may submit written comments (in 
duplicate, if possible) to Public Docket No. A-94-30, at Air Docket 
Section, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Waterside Mall, Room M-
1500, 401 M Street SW., Washington, DC 20460. The Agency requests that 
commenters also send a copy of any comments to David Korotney at the 
address listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
    Materials relevant to the reformulated gasoline final rule and this 
direct final rule are contained in Public Dockets A-91-02 and A-92-12, 
located at room M-1500, Waterside Mall (ground floor), U.S. 
Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street SW., Washington, DC 
20460. The docket may be inspected from 8 a.m. until 12 noon and from 
1:30 p.m. until 3 p.m. Monday through Friday. A reasonable fee may be 
charged by EPA for copying docket materials.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

David Korotney, U.S. EPA (RDSD-12), Regulation Development and Support 
Division, 2565 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, Telephone: (313) 
668-4507.
To Request Copies of this Action Contact: Delores Frank, U.S. EPA 
(RDSD-12), Regulation Development and Support Division, 2565 Plymouth 
Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, Telephone: (313) 668-4295.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Public Comments

    For parties that submit adverse or critical comments, notify EPA of 
intentions to submit adverse comments, or request a public hearing, the 
Agency requests that commenters identify each of the items at issue by 
the specific preamble section numbers that discuss those items. For 
instance, adverse comments on the change to the oxygen valid range 
limits should include a reference to Section (Item Number) II.A.1 of 
the preamble. Adverse comments on any of the insubstantial errors in 
Section I of the preamble should include a reference to the 
identification code associated with each change in that section. For 
instance, adverse comments on the paragraph reference change in 
Sec. 80.41(h)(2)(iii) should include a reference to Item Number I-A. 
The EPA will withdraw from this direct final action only those specific 
provision(s) so identified. All other provisions included in today's 
notice will become effective on September 19, 1994.
    EPA believes that the use of a direct final rule is appropriate 
because the changes made are generally minor in nature and all are 
expected to be non-controversial. The DFRM will allow the Agency to 
finalize such changes in a timely manner. For instance, many of the 
changes contained herein clarify issues relevant to the development and 
auditing of individual baselines which, in general, must be submitted 
by either June 1, 1994 or September 1, 1994. Likewise, the reformulated 
gasoline program will commence on December 1, 1994. The clarifications 
and changes contained herein will promote successful implementation of 
this program.
    A copy of this action is available on the OAQPS Technology Transfer 
Network Bulletin Board System (TTNBBS). The TTNBBS can be accessed with 
a dial-in phone line and a high-speed modem (PH# 919-541-5742). The 
parity of your modem should be set to none, the data bits to 8, and the 
stop bits to 1. Either a 1200, 2400, or 9600 baud modem should be used. 
When first signing on, the user will be required to answer some basic 
informational questions for registration purposes. After completing the 
registration process, proceed through the following series of menus:

(M)   OMS
(K)   Rulemaking and Reporting
(3)    Fuels
(9)    Reformulated gasoline

A list of ZIP files will be shown, all of which are related to the 
reformulated gasoline rulemaking process. Today's action will be in the 
form of a ZIP file and can be identified by the following title: RFG-
DFRM.ZIP. To download this file, type the following instructions and 
transfer according to the appropriate software on your computer:

ownload, rotocol, xamine, ew, ist, or elp Selection 
or  to exit: D filename.zip

    You will be given a list of transfer protocols from which you must 
choose one that matches with the terminal software on your own 
computer. The software should then be opened and directed to receive 
the file using the same protocol. Programs and instructions for de-
archiving compressed files can be found via ystems Utilities from 
the top menu, under rchivers/de-archivers. Please note that due to 
differences between the software used to develop the document and the 
software into which the document may be downloaded, changes in format, 
page length, etc. may occur.
    The remainder of this preamble is organized into the following 
sections:

I. Insubstantial Errors
II. Valid Range Limits
III. Complex Model
IV. Enforcement Corrections and Clarifications
V. Summer/Winter Season
VI. Baseline Determination Adjustments
VII. Public Participation and Effective Date
VIII. Statutory Authority
IX. Administrative Designation
X. Regulatory Flexibility Analysis

I. Insubstantial Errors

    The final rulemaking for the regulation of reformulated and 
conventional gasoline contained a number of errors, ambiguities, and 
misrepresentations of Agency intent which are being addressed by this 
direct final rule. Of these errors, many are minor in both form and 
effect. The minor errors do not require detailed discussions since they 
all have at most a negligible effect on compliance with the 
regulations, and require only simple corrections. Such minor errors 
took the form of typographical errors, grammatical errors, inadvertent 
omissions, and inadvertent insertions. The table below lists all the 
insubstantial errors that are being corrected in this direct final 
rule. Other errors are more substantial. The more substantial errors 
and the associated corrections have been discussed on an item-by-item 
basis in the following sections.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Identification code         Regulation reference                               Correction                      
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
A...................  80.41(h)(2)(iii)..................  Correct the paragraph reference from 80.101(g) to     
                                                           80.101(h).                                           
B...................  80.41(j)(2).......................  Correct the paragraph reference from (j)(1)(i) to     
                                                           (j)(1).                                              
C...................  80.41(m)(1).......................  A missing word ``of'' is inserted into the text.      
D...................  80.42(c)(1).......................  In the table, change the valid range limits for       
                                                           ``Oxygenate'' in volume percent to valid range limits
                                                           for ``Oxygen'' in weight percent to match the values 
                                                           already present.                                     
E...................  80.42(a)..........................  Correct the definition of exhaust and nonexhaust VOC  
                                                           from nonmethane hydrocarbons to nonmethane, nonethane
                                                           hydrocarbons. All calculations and equations are     
                                                           correctly based on nonmethane, nonethane             
                                                           hydrocarbons.                                        
F...................  80.42(b)(1)(ii), 80.42(b)(2)(ii),   Add a concluding sentence which clarifies that the use
                       and 8042(b)(3)(ii).                 of methanol and other non-alcohol, non-ether         
                                                           oxygenates in reformulated gasoline is limited to    
                                                           vehicle testing under the Complex Model.             
G...................  80.45(b)(3).......................  Correct the inadvertent omission of the first decimal 
                                                           place in the baseline values for exhaust VOC and NOX 
                                                           in Table 3.                                          
H...................  80.45(c)(1)(iv)(A)................  The footnotes to Table 6 are clarified to indicate    
                                                           that the higher E300 limit can be no higher than 94  
                                                           percent as described in paragraphs 80.45             
                                                           (c)(1)(iv)(C)(6) and 80.45(c)(1)(iv)(D)(6).          
I...................  80.45(c)(1)(iv)(B)................  Change the word ``and'' to ``and/or''.                
J...................  80.45(c)(1)(iv)(C)(11)............  The paragraph references are corrected from           
                                                           (c)(1)(iv)(C)(8) and (9)'' to ``(c)(1)(iv)(C)(9) and 
                                                           (10).''                                              
K...................  80.45(c)(1)(iv)(C)(12)............  Correct the second ``E300'' to ``E300''.     
L...................  80.45(c)(1)(iv)(C)(14)............  The paragraph references are corrected from           
                                                           ``(c)(1)(iv)(C)(11) and (12)'' to                    
                                                           ``(c)(1)(iv)(C)(13).''                               
M...................  80.45(c)(1)(iv)(D)(11)............  The paragraph references are corrected from           
                                                           ``(c)(1)(iv)(D)(8) and (9)'' to ``(c)(1)(iv)(D)(9)   
                                                           and (10).''                                          
N...................  80.45(c)(1)(iv)(D)(12)............  Correct ``E30' 0'' to ``E300''.                       
O...................  80.45(c)(1)(iv)(D)(14)............  The paragraph references are corrected from           
                                                           ``(c)(1)(iv)(D)(11) and (12)'' to ``(c)(1)(iv)(D)(12)
                                                           and (13).''                                          
P...................  80.45(c)(8)(ii)...................  An extraneous word ``for'' at the end of the paragraph
                                                           is removed.                                          
Q...................  80.45(d)(1)(iv)(B)................  Change the word ``and'' to ``and/or''.                
R...................  80.45(e)(1)(ii)...................  Correct the toxic emissions baseline values in the    
                                                           equations which were rounded incorrectly to mimic the
                                                           correct values in Table 5 of 80.45(b)(3):            
                                                          In Phase I,                                           
                                                          ``TOXICS2%=[100% x (TOXICS2-47.58mg/mi)]/(47.58 mg/   
                                                           mi)''                                                
                                                          In Phase II,                                          
                                                          ``TOXICS1%=[100% x (TOXICS1-86.34mg/mi)]/(86.34 mg/   
                                                           mi)''                                                
S...................  80.45(e)(4)(iii)..................  A missing word ``an'' is inserted into the last       
                                                           sentence.                                            
T...................  80.45(e)(5)(iv) & 80.45(e)(6)(iv).  Add a concluding sentence which clarifies that the use
                                                           of methanol and other non-alcohol, non-ether         
                                                           oxygenates in the Complex Model is limited to        
                                                           augmentation through vehicle testing.                
U...................  80.45(e)(9) & 80.45(e)(10)........  Correct the variable names in the equations to mimic  
                                                           the variable names in the definition list: ``HSVOC1''
                                                           is corrected to ``VOCHS1'', ``DIVOC1'' is corrected  
                                                           to ``VOCD11'', ``RLVOC1'' is corrected to ``VOCRL1'',
                                                           ``RFVOC1'' is corrected to ``VOCRF1'', ``HSVOC2'' is 
                                                           corrected to ``VOCHS2'', ``DIVOC2'' is corrected to  
                                                           ``VOCDI2'', ``RLVOC2'' is corrected to ``VOCRL2'',   
                                                           ``RFVOC2'' is corrected to ``VOCRF2''.               
V...................  80.45(f)(1).......................  The paragraph references are corrected from ``(a),    
                                                           (c), and (d)'' to ``(c), (d), and (e)''.             
W...................  80.45(f)(1) (i) & (ii)............  The units for E200 and E300 are corrected from        
                                                           ``volume percent'' to ``percent evaporated''.        
X...................  80.48(c)(1).......................  Correct the paragraph reference from ``(c)(1)(iv) of  
                                                           this section'' to ``(c)(1)(iv) of this section and   
                                                           80.49(d)''.                                          
Y...................  80.48(c)(1)(v)....................  Revise last sentence to clarify that the model must be
                                                           re-estimated after dropping the Bi term.             
Z...................  80.48(c)(2)(iii)..................  A concluding sentence is added indicating that the    
                                                           centered form of the Complex Model will be made      
                                                           available upon request.                              
AA..................  80.48(g)..........................  Correct ``the augmentation petition'' to ``other      
                                                           augmentation petitions''.                            
AB..................  80.49(a)(5)(i)....................  The ``Candidate parameter'' entry is deleted from the 
                                                           table.                                               
AC..................  80.49(b)(3)(iii)..................  The paragraph reference is corrected from ``(b)(2)(ii)
                                                           and (b)(3)'' to ``(b)(2)(ii)''.                      
AD..................  80.59(a)..........................  Revise last sentence to clarify that closed-loop      
                                                           systems and adaptive learning components are minimum 
                                                           requirements.                                        
AE..................  80.65(d)(3).......................  A cross-reference to the blendstock accounting        
                                                           requirement in 80.102(e) is corrected.               
AF..................  80.66(g)(1) and (g)(2)(ii)........  Cross-references to 80.45, pertaining to the          
                                                           calculation of per-gallon values for VOC, NOX, and   
                                                           toxics emissions performance reduction, are          
                                                           corrected.                                           
AG..................  80.68(c)(8)(ii)(A) and              Cross-references to the complex model in 80.45 are    
                       (c)(9)(ii)(A).                      corrected.                                           
AH..................  80.68(c)(9)(ii)(B)................  A cross-reference to the annual toxics emissions      
                                                           weighting formula in 80.68(c)(9)(i)(B) is corrected. 
AI..................  80.68(c)(10(i)....................  A cross-reference to the NOX emissions reduction      
                                                           percentage in 80.45 is corrected.                    
AJ..................  80.69(a)(7)(ii)...................  A cross-reference to the applicable correlation ranges
                                                           in 80.65(e)(2)(i) is corrected.                      
AK..................  80.69(b)(3).......................  A cross-reference to the oxygen averaging requirements
                                                           in 80.67(f) is corrected.                            
AL..................  80.70(j)(11)......................  The spelling of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, is    
                                                           corrected.                                           
AM..................  80.75(j)..........................  A cross-reference to the survey provisions in         
                                                           80.41(q)(2) is corrected.                            
AN..................  80.81(h)..........................  A cross-reference to the sampling and analysis        
                                                           methodology in 80.46 is corrected.                   
AO..................  80.90(b)(1).......................  In the equation, correct the variable ``BX'' to       
                                                           ``BZ''.                                              
AP..................  80.90(e)(2).......................  The paragraph reference is corrected from ``(e)(2)''  
                                                           to ``(e)(1)''.                                       
AQ..................  80.91(e)(2)(iv)...................  In the equation only, the variable ``Njs'' is         
                                                           corrected to njs'', the variable ``ns'' is corrected 
                                                           to ``Ns'', the variable ``pj'' is corrected to       
                                                           ``pjs''.                                             
AR..................  80.91(e)(4)(i)(A).................  Correct the equation to include division by 100 as    
                                                           follows:                                             
                                                          UV=[AV/(100-OV)]-100                                  
AS..................  80.91(e)(4)(i)(B).................  Correct the equation to include division by 100 in two
                                                           places:                                              
                                                          UR=[BR-{(OVi x ORi)}/100]/[{100-OVi}
                                                           /100]                                                
AT..................  80.91(e)(4)(ii)(A)................  Correct the equation to include division by 100 as    
                                                           follows:                                             
                                                          AV=UV(100-OV)/100                                     
AU..................  80.91(e)(4)(ii)(A)................  Correct the definition of UV from ``nonoxygenated     
                                                           parameter value'' to ``non-oxygenated parameter      
                                                           value''.                                             
AV..................  80.91(e)(4)(ii)(B)................  Correct the equation to include division by 100 as    
                                                           follows:                                             
                                                          BR={UR x [100-(OVi)]+(OVi x ORi)}/10
                                                           0                                                    
AW..................  80.93(a)(3)(ii)...................  Re-word the first sentence to read ``Petitions,       
                                                           `showings' and other associated proof may be         
                                                           submitted to EPA prior to submittal of the individual
                                                           baseline (per paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this   
                                                           section)''.                                          
AX..................  80.93(c)(9).......................  A cross-reference to 80.93 (c)(8) is clarified.       
AY..................  80.101(e)(3) & (f)(4).............  References to California gasoline are clarified.      
AZ..................  80.102(b)(1)......................  An extraneous word is deleted.                        
BA..................  80.102(e)(2)(i)...................  A cross-reference to 80.101(g) is added.              
BB..................  80.102(f)(2)(i)...................  A typographical error is corrected.                   
BC..................  80.125(a).........................  A cross-reference to the reports required by 80.105 is
                                                           corrected.                                           
BD..................  80.128(e)(2)......................  A cross-reference to the assumptions pertaining to the
                                                           use of RBOB in 80.69(a)(9) is corrected.             
BE..................  80.128(e)(5)......................  A cross-reference to the sampling and testing rates in
                                                           80.69(a)(7) is corrected.                            
BF..................  80.128(g)(3)(iii).................  A typographical error is corrected.                   
BG..................  80.129(e).........................  A cross-reference to the sampling and testing rates in
                                                           80.69 is corrected.                                  
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

II. Valid Range Limits

    The valid range limits in both the Simple and Complex Models 
specify the range for each fuel parameter outside of which the models 
cannot be used for the evaluation of emission performances. These 
limits ensure that the models will not be used for extremely high or 
low fuel parameter values which would compromise the validity of the 
models. Thus the valid range limits were instituted as a means toward 
maintaining the accuracy of the compliance calculations, and thus the 
integrity of the reformulated gasoline and anti-dumping programs.
    The Agency made every attempt to make the valid range limits as 
wide as possible to provide flexibility to refiners while maintaining a 
focus on the need for accurate performance estimates. This was 
especially true for the conventional gasoline valid range limits, as 
EPA wanted to avoid, to the extent possible, establishing provisions 
which would require refiners to reformulate their conventional fuels. 
To provide additional flexibility, the Agency also allowed the 
extension of the specified valid range for the Complex Model for 
conventional gasoline when a refiner's individual 1990 baseline fuel 
exceeds the valid range in one or more fuel parameters.
    Since publication of the final rule, the Agency has determined that 
the flexibility provided to refiners in the valid range limits requires 
some revision and clarification to avoid unnecessary and costly 
refinery modifications which have no long term environmental benefit. 
The changes to the regulations can be separated into two categories: 
changes to the specified valid range limits, and clarification of the 
provision for extending the valid range for individual refiner baseline 
fuels. Both of these topics will be described in detail below.

A. Revised Valid Range Limits

    The valid range limits for the Simple and Complex Models were based 
on two different sets of data and were developed using different 
assumptions. The Simple Model valid range limits were determined 
following the regulatory negotiations held in 1991. The Complex Model 
valid range limits were based upon an examination of the sufficiency of 
data in the Complex Model database and the accuracy of extrapolations 
(See the Regulatory Impact Analysis for the final rule, Section IV.D). 
Because the valid range limits for the Simple and Complex Models were 
established independently and through different processes, the valid 
range limits for the two models were different from one another. Since 
promulgation of the final rule, the Agency has learned that the 
specified valid ranges may force refiners to make refinery 
modifications to comply with the regulations that are unwarranted under 
the Simple Model, and unnecessary under the Complex Model. Thus EPA is 
revising the valid range limits for oxygen content, RVP, aromatics 
content, and benzene content for the Simple Model, and oxygen content 
for the Complex Model.
1. Change to High End of Oxygen Valid Range
    The high end of the valid range limit for oxygen in both the Simple 
and Complex Models was based on the maximum amount of oxygen that an 
oxygenated fuel was expected to lawfully contain. Of all the oxygenates 
that will likely be used in the reformulated gasoline program, ethanol 
has the highest oxygen content at 0.35 grams of oxygen per gram of 
ethanol. The Agency used this value as a benchmark in determining the 
high end of the valid range for oxygen, assuming a 10 volume percent 
ethanol blend. However, since promulgation of the final rule, the 
Agency has learned that density variations in gasoline blendstocks may 
result in wide variations in the oxygen content of an oxygenated fuel 
on a weight percent basis despite the fact that the volume percent 
remains fixed. For instance, blending 10 volume percent ethanol into a 
higher density gasoline could produce a blend with an oxygen content as 
low as 3.4 weight percent, while blending 10 volume percent ethanol 
into a lower density gasoline could produce a blend with an oxygen 
content as high as 4.0 weight percent.
    Since the largest excise tax exemption available to refiners for 
the use of ethanol in gasoline blends is for oxygenated fuels that 
contain 10 volume percent, many ethanol blends will contain 10 volume 
percent ethanol. Thus it is essential that the high end of the valid 
range for both the Simple and Complex Models be raised to 4.0 weight 
percent. This change will allow fuels which are already being produced 
to be evaluated with the Simple and Complex Models. The change will 
also guarantee that no fuel oxygenated with ethanol will be excluded 
from the reformulated gasoline program due to an oxygen content that is 
outside the range of the model, as long as it complies with the volume 
limits applicable in a waiver issued under section 211(f) of the Clean 
Air Act. Since fuels with oxygen contents of 4.0 weight percent are 
already being produced, the change will have no additional impact on 
vehicle driveability. Also, since the models continue to be accurate 
between 3.5 and 4.0 weight percent, and the emission standards are not 
being changed, this change to the high end of the valid range for 
oxygen content will have no adverse impact on the environment.
2. Change to Low End of RVP Valid Range in the Simple Model
    The low end of the valid range for RVP in the Simple Model was 
based on the distribution of data used in the model's development, as 
well as a consideration of the needs of the reformulated gasoline and 
anti-dumping programs under the Simple Model. Since VOC emission 
reductions under the Simple Model are accomplished primarily through 
limits on maximum RVP levels, the valid range for RVP in the Simple 
Model only affects toxics compliance calculations. In promulgating the 
final regulations, the Agency determined that refiners had no incentive 
to reduce RVP below 6.6 psi for the purposes of complying with the 
toxics standards since reductions in fuel benzene and aromatics are 
much more effective in reducing emissions of toxic compounds.
    In contrast to the Simple Model, the absence of RVP caps and the 
impact of other fuel parameters on emissions under the Complex Model 
will likely result in large variations in RVP levels in reformulated 
gasoline. RVP control will continue to be the primary mechanism through 
which VOC emissions are reduced because RVP is the most cost-effective 
fuel parameter to control, and because the RVP effect on VOC in the 
Complex Model is quite large. As in the Simple Model, the valid range 
for RVP in the Complex Model was determined from an examination of the 
distribution of data used in the model's development and the needs of 
the reformulated gasoline and anti-dumping programs. The low end of the 
valid range was set at 6.4 psi to accommodate large reductions in RVP 
while maintaining the accuracy of the Complex Model. Fuel RVPs are 
expected to reach this low level in Phase II of the reformulated 
gasoline program, and the potential exists for them to be reached in 
Phase I as well.
    California has been developing its own program in which 
reformulated gasoline must meet more stringent requirements than in the 
federal program during the years 1996 and 1997 that the Simple Model 
will be in effect. Given California's more stringent requirements, the 
potential exists for fuel having an RVP of less than 6.6 psi to be 
either sold or used as a blendstock in and outside of California. With 
the low end of the valid range for RVP set at 6.6 psi, these California 
reformulated gasolines might not be certifiable as federal reformulated 
gasoline. Also, refiners trying to blend down tanks quickly at 
terminals in the spring to meet summer volatility requirements may end 
up with fuels that have RVPs as low as 6.4 psi.
    Since the low end of the valid range for RVP under the Complex 
Model is 6.4 psi, the Agency has determined that the low end of the 
valid range for RVP under the Simple Model should likewise be 6.4 psi. 
The change from 6.6 psi to 6.4 psi makes the low end of the valid range 
for RVP consistent throughout Phase I of the federal reformulated 
gasoline program, and provides an additional element of flexibility for 
refiners to complement the already established blending and enforcement 
tolerances. The change should have no effect on the environment, since 
presumably only cleaner fuels would be allowed certification under the 
Simple Model. Both the Simple and Complex Models are linear with 
respect to RVP for all pollutants, and this linear relationship would 
simply be extended from 6.6 psi down to 6.4 psi.
3. Change to High End of Aromatics Valid Range in the Simple Model
    It was and is the intention of the Agency to avoid, to the extent 
possible, establishing regulations which require refiners to 
reformulate their conventional fuels. The anti-dumping program is 
designed to ensure that a refiner's or importer's conventional gasoline 
stays as clean as it was in 1990, and does not require reformulation 
beyond those levels. Thus the valid range limits for conventional 
gasoline in both the Simple and Complex Models were designed to be as 
wide as possible while simultaneously ensuring the accuracy of the 
models. As an additional level of flexibility, the Agency also allowed 
for the extension of the valid range for conventional gasoline if a 
refiner's individual 1990 baseline fuel exceeded the specified valid 
range limits (see discussion in Section II.B. below).
    Since promulgation of the final regulations for the anti-dumping 
program, the Agency has determined that the valid range limits in the 
Simple Model for aromatics, which are more restrictive than those for 
conventional gasoline under the Complex Model, could be widened without 
any detrimental impacts on either the program or on the environment. 
Without such a change to the regulations, refiners may be forced to 
make changes to their refineries by 1995 that are not necessary in 1998 
when compliance under the Complex Model is mandatory. Thus the Agency 
is changing the high end of the valid range for aromatics under the 
Simple Model from 45 volume percent to 55 volume percent. This change 
will ensure that the Simple Model can be used for as many conventional 
fuels as possible to show compliance under the anti-dumping program 
without the need to extend the valid range. The environment will not be 
adversely impacted since it was the Agency's intent to allow extensions 
of the valid range when a refiner's 1990 baseline fuel exceeded the 
specified valid range limits. The change will not affect RFG 
compliance, since aromatics are controlled by the reformulated gasoline 
standards for toxics. Driveability will not be affected since fuels 
with aromatics levels as high as 55 volume percent currently exist in-
use. Also, consistency in the high end of the valid range limits for 
aromatics will be maintained throughout Phase I of the program. Because 
the relationship between toxic emissions and fuel aromatics levels is 
linear in the Simple Model, the change will not result in an inaccurate 
application of the model to higher aromatics levels.
4. Change to Low End of Aromatics Valid Range in the Simple Model
    The Agency has also determined that the low end of the valid range 
for aromatics in the Simple Model may not provide refiners with 
adequate flexibility under the reformulated gasoline program. For the 
Complex Model, the Agency determined that the relationships between 
aromatics and emissions could not be trusted at levels below 10 volume 
percent. However, the Agency determined that a flat-line extrapolation 
below 10 volume percent, in which no emission benefits or detriments 
result from lowering aromatics values below 10 volume percent, would 
provide greater flexibility without compromising the accuracy of the 
Complex Model equations in this range. Since promulgation of the final 
rule, the Agency has determined that the Complex Model approach to low 
values of aromatics can be appropriately applied to the Simple Model as 
well. Therefore, the Agency is changing the low end of the valid range 
for aromatics under the Simple Model from 10 volume percent to 0 volume 
percent, but will not allow any emission benefits in this range. The 
Agency did not intend to discourage the production of fuels that had 
very low levels of aromatics, and were, thus, qualitatively considered 
to be cleaner burning. If the low end of the valid range for aromatics 
is left at 10 volume percent, fuels with aromatics values of less than 
10 volume percent that would otherwise be complying reformulated 
gasolines under the Simple Model will not be certifiable, despite the 
fact that those same fuels may be certifiable under the Complex Model. 
This change is expected to be environmentally benign, as few refiners 
will have any incentive to reduce aromatics below 10 volume percent for 
reformulated gasoline under the Simple Model.
5. Change to High End of Benzene Valid Range in the Simple Model
    As stated in Section II.A.3, it was and is the intention of the 
Agency, to the extent possible, not to establish regulations that 
require the reformulation of conventional gasoline under the anti-
dumping program. However, the valid range limits for benzene under the 
Simple Model may in fact force refiners to reformulate conventional 
gasoline. The Agency has determined that the valid range limits in the 
Simple Model for benzene, which are more restrictive than those for 
conventional gasoline under the Complex Model, can be widened without 
any detrimental impacts. Without such a change to the regulations, 
refiners may be forced to make changes to their refineries by 1995 that 
are not necessary in 1998 when compliance under the Complex Model is 
mandatory. Thus the Agency is changing the high end of the valid range 
for benzene under the Simple Model from 2.5 volume percent to 4.9 
volume percent. This change ensures that the Simple Model can be used 
for as many conventional fuels as possible to show compliance under the 
anti-dumping program without the need to extend the valid range. The 
change will not affect RFG compliance, since benzene is controlled by 
the reformulated gasoline standards for fuel benzene content. In like 
manner to raising the high end of the valid range for aromatics, 
consistency in the valid range limits will be maintained throughout 
Phase I of the program. The environment will not be adversely impacted 
since it was the Agency's intent to allow extensions of the valid range 
when a refiner's 1990 baseline fuel exceeded the specified valid range 
limits. As for aromatics, because the relationship between toxic 
emissions and fuel benzene levels is linear in the Simple Model, the 
change will not result in an inaccurate application of the model to 
higher benzene levels.

B. Extending the Valid Range for Conventional Gasoline

    Under the anti-dumping provisions of the final rule, refiners use 
their individual 1990 baselines to determine compliance with the 
regulations under both the Simple and Complex Models. Depending on the 
compliance model being used, the values for particular fuel parameters 
are restricted by the valid range limits. For instance, if a refiner is 
using the Simple Model to comply with the anti-dumping regulations, VOC 
and NOX emissions are regulated through caps on the baseline 
levels of sulfur, olefins, and T90, while toxic emissions are regulated 
through an equation giving the benzene fraction of VOC emissions. Since 
the benzene fraction equation contains only benzene and aromatics as 
independent variables, the only valid range limits that apply to 
refiners using the Simple Model to comply with the anti-dumping 
regulations are those specified in Sec. 80.42(c)(1) for benzene and 
aromatics content. If, alternatively, a refiner is using the Complex 
Model to comply with the anti-dumping regulations, NOX and toxics 
emissions are regulated through the Complex Model. Thus the valid range 
limits that apply to refiners using the Complex Model to comply with 
the anti-dumping regulations are those specified in 
Sec. 80.45(f)(1)(ii) for oxygen content, sulfur content, RVP, E200, 
E300, aromatics content, olefins content, and benzene content.
    Section 80.91(f)(2)(ii) allows a refiner to extend the conventional 
gasoline valid range for the Complex Model if one or more of the fuel 
parameter values for its individual 1990 baseline fuel falls outside of 
the valid range specified in Sec. 80.45(f)(1)(ii). However, the 
regulations did not adequately specify the method, applicability, or 
limitations of such a valid range extension. As written, the 
regulations state that, for each baseline fuel parameter value which is 
outside of the Complex Model conventional gasoline valid range, the 
Complex Model valid range is extended only for such fuel parameters. 
The only stated limitation is that such an extension is applicable only 
to the applicable summer or winter season. The Agency has determined 
that this portion of the regulations is ambiguous, and requires 
revision.
1. Applicability of the Provision for Valid Range Extension
    The Agency has only been made aware of the potential need for 
extension of the valid range for olefins, aromatics, and benzene. 
Therefore, a provision for the extension of the valid range has only 
been made for the high end of the specified valid range for these three 
fuel parameters. In each case, if the valid range limit is extended, 
the refiner in question must still be limited by a valid range to 
eliminate the possibility that the Complex Model will be used for 
aromatics, olefins, and/or benzene values that are very high, which 
might compromise the primary objective of the anti-dumping program. As 
specified in the final regulations, a refiner is allowed to extend the 
Complex Model valid range for both baseline and compliance emissions 
calculations, but is not directed as to the specification of any new 
valid range limits. Such a provision for the extension of the valid 
range that does not include limitations on fuel parameter values that 
can be evaluated with the Complex Model would defeat the purposes of 
specifying a valid range, and was not the Agency's intent.
    The Agency has determined that the best approach to limiting the 
extension of the valid range is to allow target fuels to have values at 
least up to the baseline level. Since the baseline fuel is an 
``average'' fuel of sorts, the Agency has also determined that refiners 
should be given some flexibility beyond the baseline value. For 
aromatics, this flexibility will be fixed at a value of 5.0 volume 
percent. For olefins this flexibility will be fixed at a value of 3.0 
volume percent. And for benzene this flexibility will be fixed at a 
value of 0.5 volume percent. Thus, for example, the extended valid 
range limit for aromatics would be equal to the individual refiner's 
baseline fuel value for aromatics, plus 5.0 volume percent. A similar 
calculation would be necessary for extending the valid range for 
olefins or benzene.
    The Agency has no reason to believe that provisions for the 
extension of the valid range for fuel parameters other than aromatics, 
olefins, and benzene on either the low or high ends are necessary. For 
instance, the Complex Model conventional gasoline valid ranges for 
oxygen, sulfur, aromatics, olefins, and benzene all have 0.0 as their 
lower limit. Thus no valid range extension would be required on the low 
end of the valid range for these fuel parameters. Similarly for E300, a 
fuel can have an E300 value of no higher than 100 percent, which is 
also the high end of the specified valid range. Other limitations, such 
as ASTM specifications and the volatility rule, should eliminate the 
need for valid range extensions in other cases.
2. No-Benefit Limitation of the Provision for Valid Range Extension
    The Agency continues to believe that the valid range limits 
specified in Sec. 80.42(c)(1) and Sec. 80.45(f)(1)(ii) identify the 
fuel parameter values beyond which the compliance models are not 
considered accurate. Thus the Agency has determined that any extension 
of the specified valid ranges for conventional gasoline should 
incorporate flat-line extrapolation. Under flat-line extrapolation, the 
compliance models provide no emissions benefit or detriment when 
raising the value of either aromatics or olefins above the values 
specified in Sec. 80.42(c)(1) and Sec. 80.45(f)(1)(ii). This flat-line 
extrapolation will apply to both the baseline fuel and any target fuels 
evaluated with the compliance models under the anti-dumping 
regulations.
3. Expanding the Applicability of the Valid Range Extension Provision 
to the Simple Model
    This direct final rule expands the applicability of the valid range 
extension provision given in Sec. 80.91(f)(2)(ii) to the Simple Model. 
However, as noted above, the only fuel parameters having valid range 
limits under the Simple Model anti-dumping regulations are aromatics 
and benzene content. The Simple Model valid ranges for both aromatics 
and benzene are being expanded to be equal to the corresponding ranges 
for the Complex Model, as described in sections II.A.3-5 of this rule. 
Thus the new valid range under the Simple Model will be 0-55 volume 
percent for aromatics and 0-4.9 volume percent for benzene. No valid 
range extension will be required for either of these fuel parameters on 
the low end of the valid range. Thus the only relevant valid range 
extensions that would be necessary for the Simple Model would be for 
the high end of aromatics and the high end of benzene.

III. Complex Model

    The Complex Model includes separate calculations for exhaust and 
nonexhaust emissions. The final regulations contained errors in the 
model descriptions for both exhaust and nonexhaust. The errors in the 
exhaust portion of the Complex Model were limited to the linear 
extrapolation methodology, while the errors in the nonexhaust portion 
arose in the VOC equations themselves. Another error also arose in the 
calculation procedure for annual average toxics. Each of these errors 
and the associated corrections will be discussed in detail below.

A. Extrapolation

    The exhaust portion of the Complex Model is a statistically-derived 
set of equations relating fuel parameters to emissions of VOC, 
NOX, benzene, 1,3-butadiene, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, and POM. 
The Agency determined the conditions under which these exhaust 
equations must be linearly extrapolated based on the ranges for each 
fuel parameter within which the equations were considered to be 
accurate. Linear extrapolation amounts to fixing the slope of the fuel 
parameter:emission relationship at a constant value. It is used to 
extend the equations beyond the limits of the data on which they are 
based, thereby making the reformulated gasoline and anti-dumping 
programs as flexible as possible.
    Of the six separate models in the exhaust portion of the Complex 
Model, all four toxic models are linear, and thus do not require linear 
extrapolation. Paragraph (c)(1)(iv) of Sec. 80.45 specifies the 
conditions and limitations of linear extrapolation for VOC, while 
Sec. 80.45(d)(1)(iv) specifies the conditions and limitations of linear 
extrapolation for NOX. The details of the linear extrapolation 
methodology included in these two portions of the final regulations 
contained a number of errors which require correction.
1. Correct Parenthetical Form of Extrapolation Equations
    In paragraphs (c)(1)(iv)(B) and (d)(1)(iv)(B) of Sec. 80.45, the 
linear extrapolation equations contained too many brackets in some 
regions of the equations, and missing parentheses in other regions. 
Although these inadvertent omissions and insertions did not change the 
mathematical nature of the equations, a literal copying of the 
equations into computer code would result in an error. Thus the Agency 
has corrected the linear extrapolation equations for both VOC and 
NOX to contain the correct number of parentheses and brackets in 
the correct position and order.
2. Correct Missing Sulfur Term in NOX Extrapolation Equation
    A sulfur term was inadvertently left out of both the Phase I and 
Phase II NOX extrapolation equations given in paragraph 
(d)(1)(iv)(B) of Sec. 80.45. This missing sulfur term represents the 
linear extrapolation of the NOX model with respect to sulfur for 
high emitters. This correction will have a negligible impact on the 
emission performance estimates provided by the Complex Model because 
the NOX equation for high emitters is essentially linear with 
respect to sulfur.\1\ The inclusion of the correct sulfur term in the 
NOX extrapolation equation will result in the correct application 
of the edge target fuel to the NOX extrapolation equations.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\The exhaust portion of the Complex Model includes exponential 
functions which alters the traditional implications of first- and 
second-order equations. However, the Complex Model exhaust equations 
can be referred to and approached as first- and second-order as 
described in Section IV.D.1 of the Regulatory Impact Analysis for 
the final rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Clarify E300 Extrapolation Above 95 Percent
    In the process of determining the valid range limits for the use of 
the Complex Model for both reformulated and conventional gasoline, the 
Agency determined that the emission changes estimated by the exhaust 
equations were not accurate above an E300 value of 95 percent. However, 
comments received from the refining industry indicated a need for an 
E300 valid range that extended up to 100 percent. The Agency concluded 
that, although the exhaust equation emission change estimates could not 
be considered accurate above an E300 level of 95 percent, allowing only 
a zero change in emissions above this E300 level would ensure that 
refiners could not receive inappropriate benefits for fuels with very 
high E300 levels. Therefore, the Agency allowed for flat-line 
extrapolations of all exhaust equations between the E300 values of 95 
and 100 percent. However, some portions of the regulations that 
specified this allowance contained typographical errors which 
substantially changed the manner in which this flat-line extrapolation 
for E300 was to be executed. Specifically, paragraphs (c)(1)(iv)(C)(5), 
(c)(1)(iv)(D)(5), and (d)(1)(iv)(C)(5) of Sec. 80.45 all indicated that 
the E300 value of the edge target fuel should be held constant at 95 
volume percent for target fuels having an E300 value of greater than 95 
volume percent. These paragraphs should not have refered to the edge 
target fuel, but rather to the target fuel for the purposes of 
determining emissions performances with the Complex Model. These three 
paragraphs are thus changed accordingly.
4. Correct Value of ARO
    The regulations describing the linear extrapolation methodology for 
exhaust VOC and NOX contained two other typographical errors that 
nevertheless were substantial in their effects. The first arose in 
paragraphs (c)(1)(iv)(C)(9), (c)(1)(iv)(D)(9), and (d)(1)(iv)(C)(9) of 
Sec. 80.45 in the specification of the value of ARO. The value 
of ARO should generally be set equal to (ARO--18 
volume percent) for any target fuel having an aromatics content of less 
than 18 volume percent. Thus ARO will be negative when the VOC 
or NOX equation is linearly extrapolated with respect to aromatics 
at the low end of the valid range. However, for target fuels having an 
aromatics content of less than 10 volume percent, the VOC extrapolation 
should be flat-line instead of linear. In this case, ARO 
should be fixed at a value of -8 volume percent. The value in the 
regulations was given incorrectly as +8 volume percent.
5. Correct Specification of E300
    The second typographical error that requires explanation and 
correction involves the specification of E300 in paragraphs 
(c)(1)(iv)(C)(13) and (c)(1)(iv)(D)(13). The first sentence in each of 
these two paragraphs contains two conditions that must be met for 
E300 to be set equal to (E300--94 percent). The first 
condition incorrectly states that the E300 level of the target fuel 
must be less than 94 percent, when in fact the condition should state 
that the E300 level of the target fuel must be greater than 94 percent. 
The remainder of both of these paragraphs is correct.
6. Eliminate References to E300 in NOX Extrapolation
    Finally, the linear extrapolation methodology for NOX in the 
final rule contained references to the allowable range for E300, 
despite the fact that the NOx equation is not extrapolated with respect 
to E300. Thus all references to E300 in paragraphs (d)(1)(iv)(A) and 
(d)(1)(iv)(B) are removed by this direct final rule. Note that, since 
all exhaust equations in the Complex Model are flat-line extrapolated 
for E300 values greater than 95 percent, the flat-line extrapolation 
for E300 specified in paragraph (d)(1)(iv)(C)(5) is correct (except for 
the changes described above).

B. Nonexhaust Model

    The equations giving nonexhaust VOC as a function of RVP for the 
Complex Model were originally proposed in the February 1993 NPRM (58 FR 
17175). No changes to those equations were intended for the final rule 
on reformulated gasoline. However, typographical errors arose in a 
number of the coefficients in the nonexhaust VOC model when they were 
entered into the final regulations. These errors would have a small, 
but not insignificant impact on the VOC emission performances provided 
by the Complex Model.
    The errors in the nonexhaust VOC portion of the Complex Model lay 
in four places. The first was in the sign of the coefficient for RVP in 
the Phase I running loss equation for Region 1. The second was in the 
coefficient for RVP in the Phase II hot soak equation for Region 1. The 
third was in the coefficient for RVP in the Phase II refueling loss 
equation for Region 1. And the fourth was in the sign of the RVP 
coefficient for the Phase II running loss equation for Region 2. All 
the coefficients in the nonexhaust model have been returned to their 
proper values and signs by this direct final rule.

C. Annual Average Calculations

    Since the averaging standards for toxics under the Complex Model 
are year-round standards, each refiner who is complying under an 
averaging scenario must determine the average year-round toxics 
emissions performance for the fuels that it sold during a given year. 
Each batch of fuel is uniquely associated with toxic emissions as 
estimated by the Complex Model. Thus refiners require a method for 
combining per batch emission performances into a single year-round 
value. The regulations provided two contradictory methods for combining 
per batch emission performances into such a single year-round value.
    Paragraph (g) et al. of Sec. 80.67 directs refiners to weight the 
emission performances by batch volume and then add them in order to 
determine a year-round value. In calculating emission performances with 
the Complex Model, fuels sold in the winter are evaluated with the 
winter model, while fuels sold in the summer are evaluated with the 
summer model. Thus this ``volume-weighted'' approach to determining 
year-round values correctly leads to an average toxic emissions value 
for the year.
    Paragraph (e)(3) of Sec. 80.45 incorrectly directs refiners to 
weight summer and winter toxic emissions by fixed values to obtain 
year-round averages. Under this portion of the regulations, summer 
batches of fuel would be individually weighted by their batch volumes 
to obtain average summer emission performance estimates. Likewise 
winter batches would be weighted by their batch volumes to obtain 
average winter emission performance estimates. However, the fixed 
weighting of summer and winter emission estimates for the purposes of 
determining a year-round value would not necessarily mimic a refiner's 
true ratio of summer to winter fuel. The fixed weightings given in 
paragraph (e)(3) were used to determine the performance standards, and 
are not relevant to determining compliance by individual refiners. 
Therefore, paragraph (e)(3) will be revised to refer to Sec. 80.67(g), 
and paragraphs (e)(3)(i) and (e)(3)(ii) of Sec. 80.45 will be removed.

IV. Enforcement Corrections and Clarifications

    The following section contains corrections and clarifications to 
the enforcement portions of the final reformulated gasoline and anti-
dumping regulations that were published on February 16, 1994 (59 FR 
7716), and to enforcement portions of the preamble of the notice of 
final rulemaking.\2\ The reasons for the changes are listed below.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \2\Hereinafter in Part IV of this notice (unless otherwise 
indicated), references to ``final rule'' or ``final regulations'' 
shall refer to the regulations promulgated in the February 16, 1994, 
notice of final rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

A. Reformulated Gasoline Regulation (40 CFR Part 80, Subpart D)

1. Measurement of Reformulated Gasoline Fuel Parameters (Sec. 80.46)
    The table of aromatic compounds in Sec. 80.46(f)(1)(ii)(K) is being 
revised. The aromatic compounds listed in the final rule are those used 
by EPA during the development of the analytical method for the 
rulemaking. In this notice some compounds that no longer are available 
commercially have been deleted from the list, and several aromatic 
compounds that are found in commercial gasolines and are available 
commercially to make reference materials have been added to the list. 
Only materials of known purity or those specified as 99% pure or 
greater should be used as calibration standards.
    The number of calibration levels should be sufficient to bracket 
the expected concentration of each compound. Two calibration levels 
were used in the initial evaluation of the test method. In the future, 
however, EPA probably will use five calibration levels with at least 
three internal standards used in the standards and samples in order to 
improve precision.
    Initially EPA prepared standards by volume. Currently, however, EPA 
prepares standards, samples, and internal standards by weight. 
Conversion to volume percent is performed by using the density of the 
aromatic compound in question. Standards for gasoline that are prepared 
by weight are considered to be more accurate than standards that are 
prepared by volume.
    Neither the use of five calibration levels, nor the preparation of 
standards by weight, should be viewed as changes to the regulations, 
but rather as Agency recommendations intended to improve precision.
2. General Requirements for Refiners, Importers and Oxygenate Blenders 
(Sec. 80.65)
    a. Designation of Gasoline as Oxygenated Fuels Program Reformulated 
Gasoline (OPRG) or Non-OPRG. Section 80.65(d)(2)(iii) is revised in 
order to clarify the categories of gasoline that may be designated as 
oxygenated fuels program reformulated gasoline, or OPRG. The final 
rule, at Sec. 80.65(d)(2)(iii), specifies that reformulated gasoline 
must be designated as OPRG, or not OPRG, to provide a mechanism to 
ensure reformulated gasoline outside of oxygenated fuels control areas 
during oxygenated fuels control periods has at least the 2.0 weight 
percent oxygen content mandated by the Clean Air Act.\3\ The final rule 
requires parties who meet the oxygen standard on average to meet the 
oxygen standard separately for gasoline not designated as OPRG. If OPRG 
and non-OPRG gasoline could be averaged together for oxygen purposes, 
the gasoline in the OPRG areas--where 2.7 weight percent oxygen is 
required during the oxygenated fuels control period--could be used to 
offset gasoline with 1.5 weight percent oxygen intended for use in non-
OPRG areas.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \3\The ``oxygenated fuels control areas'' are those areas where 
the use of oxygenated gasoline is required during the winter season 
pursuant to section 211(m) of the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. 7545(m).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Today's revision consists of two parts. First, the regulation is 
clarified to make specific that the OPRG/non-OPRG designation applies 
only to reformulated gasoline and not to RBOB. The final rule requires 
RBOB to be designated as OPRG or non-OPRG, but the OPRG designation for 
RBOB serves no purpose because RBOB does not become reformulated 
gasoline until oxygenate has been added. The final rule is unchanged 
regarding oxygenate blender responsibilities--oxygenate blenders who 
produce reformulated gasoline by combining RBOB with oxygenate are 
required to designate the gasoline as OPRG or non-OPRG, and to meet the 
oxygen standard separately for gasoline not designated as OPRG.
    The second change regarding OPRG-designated gasoline is the 
addition of a new provision, at Sec. 80.65(d)(2)(iii)(B), to clarify 
that reformulated gasoline that contains at least 2.0 weight percent 
oxygen may be designated as OPRG regardless of whether or not the 
gasoline is used in an oxygenated fuels program control area during an 
oxygenated fuels program control period. This change allows terminals 
that serve both oxygenated fuels areas and non-oxygenated fuels areas 
to stock a single reformulated gasoline that could be used in both 
areas, instead of having to stock both OPRG and non-OPRG designated 
reformulated gasoline. This change also allows all reformulated 
gasoline that meets the 2.0 weight percent oxygen per-gallon standard 
to be designated as OPRG, without such gasoline being restricted to use 
in oxygenated fuel areas during oxygenated fuel control periods.
    A terminal thus could stock reformulated gasoline that contains 2.7 
weight percent oxygen and, therefore, that meets the oxygenated fuels 
oxygen requirement, and deliver this gasoline into both OPRG and non-
OPRG markets. A terminal also could stock reformulated gasoline that 
contains 2.0 weight percent oxygen for delivery into both OPRG and non-
OPRG markets, and splash blend additional oxygenate with those batches 
of gasoline that are delivered into the oxygenated fuel area during the 
oxygenated fuel control period.\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \4\Section 80.78(a)(6) prohibits adding oxygenate to 
reformulated gasoline, except in the case of reformulated gasoline 
that is designated as OPRG and is used in an oxygenated fuels 
program control area during an oxygenated fuels program control 
period.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    This change, however, keeps intact the regulatory mechanism for 
ensuring non-OPRG areas receive reformulated gasoline that contains at 
least 2.0 weight percent oxygen. Any reformulated gasoline used outside 
an oxygenated fuels control area during an oxygenated fuels control 
period that contains less than 2.0 weight percent oxygen (and therefore 
must be designated as non-OPRG) must be offset with other non-OPRG 
reformulated gasoline that contains more than 2.0 weight percent 
oxygen, such that the average oxygen content of the non-OPRG gasoline 
is greater than or equal to the 2.1 weight percent average standard.
    b. Designation of Complex Model Gasoline as Meeting NOX 
Standard on Per-Gallon or Average Basis. Section 80.65(d)(2)(v)(B) is 
revised in order to clarify that refiners and importers are required to 
specify whether the NOX standard is being met on a per-gallon 
basis or on average only for gasoline certified under the complex 
model. There is no separate NOX standard under the simple model.
    c. Designation of Reformulated Gasoline Blendstock for Downstream 
Oxygenate Blending (RBOB). Section 80.65(d)(2)(vi) is being revised in 
order to clarify that refiners and importers have three options 
regarding the designation of reformulated gasoline blendstock for 
downstream oxygenate blending (or RBOB). A refiner or importer has 
three options for the types of RBOB that may be produced or imported: 
as suitable for blending with any oxygenate, with ether only, or with a 
refiner- or importer-specified oxygenate type and amount. The gasoline 
designation requirements at Sec. 80.65(d)(2)(vi) as promulgated in the 
final rule did not include the refiner- or importer-specified oxygenate 
option for RBOB, making this provision inconsistent with the downstream 
oxygenate provisions at Sec. 80.69(a) that specifies the RBOB options 
and includes the refiner- or importer-specified option, and the product 
transfer document requirements for RBOB at Sec. 80.77(i)(2) that 
includes all three options. In order to correct this inconsistency, 
today's revision adds the refiner- or importer-specified option to the 
RBOB designation requirement.
    d. Assignment of Batch Numbers. Section 80.65(d)(3) requires 
refiners and importers to assign a unique number to each batch of 
reformulated gasoline that is produced or imported, and this section 
includes an example of such a batch number. The numbers contained in 
the example are being modified to reflect the correct number of digits 
for the portion of the batch number that states the EPA-assigned 
facility registration number (five digits) and the sequential batch 
number (six digits).
    e. Computer-Controlled In-Line Blending Exemption. Section 
80.65(e)(1) requires each refiner or importer to obtain test results 
for each batch of reformulated gasoline prior to the gasoline leaving 
the refinery or import facility. Refiners who produce reformulated 
gasoline using a computer-controlled in-line blending process in which 
the gasoline is blended directly to a pipeline, however, will not have 
the test results for the ``batch'' prior to the release of at least 
some, if not all, of the gasoline. To correct the incompatibility 
between this requirement and the nature of the computer-controlled in-
line blending process, the Sec. 80.65(f)(4) exemption from independent 
sampling and testing for refiners that produce reformulated gasoline 
using computer-controlled in-line blending equipment is expanded to 
include an exemption from the Sec. 80.65(e)(1) requirement that 
refiners have test results for each batch prior to the gasoline leaving 
the refinery.
    f. Release of Reformulated Gasoline Certified Under Simple Model as 
Not VOC-Controlled. Section 80.65(e)(1) is also revised in order to 
clarify that reformulated gasoline certified under the simple model 
that is not VOC-controlled may be released from the refinery or import 
facility after the refiner or importer has test results for oxygen and 
benzene only. The final rule requires refiners and importers to have 
RVP test results in hand prior to release of all simple model-certified 
reformulated gasoline, but the RVP standard applies under the simple 
model only to VOC-controlled gasoline.
    g. List of Reformulated Gasoline Properties to be Established by 
Testing. Section 80.65(e)(2)(i) contains a list of reformulated 
gasoline properties that must be established by testing. This list in 
the final rule includes 50% distillation (T-50) and 90% distillation 
(T-90) (the temperatures in degrees F at which 50% and 90% of a liquid 
are evaporated). This list is being revised to add terms for E200 and 
E300 (the percent of a liquid that are evaporated at 200 and 300 
degrees F). E200 and E300 are correlated with T-50 and T-90, and may be 
approximated from T-50 and T-90 measurements using conversion 
equations. The most accurate way of determining the E200 and E-300 of 
gasoline, however, is using ASTM-86-90, the distillation test method 
specified at Sec. 80.46(d). As a result, the list of mandatory testing 
is being expanded to include the E-200 and E-300 terms.
    This expansion does not constitute a change from the mandatory 
testing requirements for reformulated gasoline, because the E200 and 
E300 terms are established as part of the ASTM-86-90 distillation test 
that already is required. The correlation ranges for E-200 and E-300, 
2.5 vol% and 3.5 vol% respectively, that are included in the 
Sec. 80.65(e)(2)(i) table are the reproducibility figures for these 
terms from the ASTM test, and are comparable to the five degrees F 
correlation range provided for the T-50 and T-90 terms.
    h. Reconciliation of Test Results. Section 80.65(e)(2)(ii)(A) is 
being revised to clarify one option for reconciling reformulated 
gasoline test results from a refiner's or importer's laboratory as 
compared with test results from an independent laboratory. Under this 
option, where the refiner's or importer's test result for any parameter 
is not confirmed, the refiner or importer would use the result for that 
parameter that is the ``worst case'' for the refiner or importer 
(``best case'' for the environment). Under this option in the final 
rule, the smaller of the two results for oxygenates is used for 
calculating all standards except RVP.
    This option is being revised to refer to oxygenates as a class 
without separately naming each oxygenate. This change will keep the 
option from becoming dated if any new oxygenates are used in 
reformulated gasoline. The option also is being revised to eliminate 
the larger oxygenate volume assumption in the case of RVP, because RVP 
is a parameter that is measured directly. Any oxygenate effect on RVP 
will be measured in the RVP test and would not be changed by a 
calculation using the ``worst case'' oxygenate level.
    i. Attest Engagement Requirement. Section 80.65(h) is being revised 
to specify that the attest engagement requirement applies to oxygenate 
blenders who meet the oxygen standard on average, and not to oxygenate 
blenders who meet the oxygen standard on a per-gallon basis. This 
change conforms Sec. 80.65(h) with Sec. 80.69(b)(4) which limits the 
attest engagement requirement to oxygenate blenders who average.
3. Compliance Surveys (Sec. 80.68)
    Section 80.68(c)(13) is being revised to clarify when VOC and 
NOX emissions reduction calculations must be reported to EPA by 
the surveyor under the gasoline quality survey requirements.\5\ VOC 
emissions reduction calculations must be reported only for surveys 
during June 1 through September 15 of each year, including simple model 
surveys where a specified simple model VOC emissions reduction equation 
is cross-referenced. NOX  emission reduction calculations must be 
reported for all complex model surveys before January 1, 2000, and 
beginning on January 1, 2000 for surveys outside the period June 1 
through September 15. NOX  surveys are not required during June 1 
through September 15 under Phase II (beginning on January 1, 2000) 
because the Clean Air Act's restriction on NOX  increases is 
satisfied through the NOX  reductions required for VOC-controlled 
reformulated gasoline under Phase II. The rationale for this approach 
for NOX surveys is discussed at 59 FR 7773 (February 16, 1994).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \5\This notice is also adding the paragraph number for this 
provision, which was inadvertently omitted in the notice of final 
rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Covered Areas (Sec. 80.70)
    a. Putnam and Orange Counties, New York. In order to correct an 
oversight in the final rule, Sec. 80.70(d)(3) is being amended to 
include Putnam and Orange Counties, New York, as part of the New York-
Northern New Jersey-Long Island-Connecticut ``covered area.'' These 
counties are part of the New York City CMSA and are thus appropriately 
part of the New York City reformulated gasoline covered area. See 57 FR 
13444 (April 16, 1992). Putnam and Orange Counties are also included in 
the New York City CMSA for purposes of the oxygenated fuels program 
requirements.
    b. Bullitt and Oldham Counties, Kentucky. Section 80.70(j) is being 
amended to specify the applicable boundaries for the portions of 
Bullitt and Oldham Counties, Kentucky, that are nonattainment areas.
    c. Essex County, New York. The listing of Essex County, New York, 
is also being amended to include a specific description of the 
nonattainment area.
    d. Smyth County, Virginia. Section 80.70(j) is also being amended 
to delete Smyth County, Virginia, as a covered area for the 
reformulated gasoline program. This area was expressly excluded from 
coverage in the Governor's opt-in request and should not have been 
included in the regulatory list of covered areas.
    e. Richmond, Virginia. An erroneous reference to the City of 
Richmond is also being corrected.
5. Reporting Requirements (Sec. 80.75)
    a. Sulfur, NOX and T90 Averaging Reports
    Section 80.41(h)(2) of the final rule requires that refiners and 
importers subject to the simple model meet their 1990 baseline sulfur, 
olefins and T90 levels on average for the entire year. However, it does 
not include a requirement to report the average values of these 
properties to EPA. It was the Agency's intention to have these values 
reported and so an additional reporting requirement for sulfur, olefins 
and T90 is being added at Sec. 80.75(b)(2). In addition, the RVP 
averaging reporting requirements are being renumbered, under 
Sec. 80.75(b)(1), so that the sulfur, olefin and T90 averaging 
reporting requirements may be included under Sec. 80.75(b).
    b. Oxygen Averaging Reports. Section 80.75(f)(2)(ii)(A) is being 
revised to conform the categories of reformulated gasoline that must be 
reported separately for oxygen averaging purposes to the categories 
that are specified in the oxygen averaging section, at 
Sec. 80.67(h)(1)(v)(A).
6. Registration Requirements (Sec. 80.76)
    The Agency is making several revisions to the registration 
requirements in Sec. 80.76(c) of the final rule. EPA is removing the 
requirement to indicate where off-site records are kept from the 
refiners', importers' and oxygenate blenders' registration information, 
and instead requiring that information be submitted for each refinery, 
oxygenate blending facility, and in the case of importers, operations 
within each PADD. The registration requirement to indicate what type of 
gasoline each refinery or oxygenate blending facility will produce 
(reformulated, RBOB, conventional or blendstocks) has been removed 
because the Agency believes that it is not necessary for registration 
purposes. The Agency intended that importers would identify the 
independent laboratories used to comply with the independent sampling 
and testing requirements, but there was no specific regulatory text 
requiring them to do so. This notice requires each importer to provide 
that information to EPA for its operations in each PADD.
 7. Product Transfer Documentation (Sec. 80.77)
    a. Minimum and/or Maximum Standards. Section 80.77(g)(2), which 
requires that per-gallon minimum/maximums must be included in product 
transfer documents, is being revised to clarify the categories of 
reformulated gasoline for which these values must be specified. 
Paragraphs (g)(2)(iii), (g)(2)(iv)(A), and (g)(2)(iv)(B) of Sec. 80.77 
are being revised to specify that the RVP maximum and the VOC emissions 
performance minimum must be included only for VOC-controlled 
reformulated gasoline, because these standards apply only to VOC-
controlled gasoline. Paragraphs (g)(2)(iv)(A) and (g)(2)(iv)(B) of 
Sec. 80.77 also are being revised to specify that the NOX minimum 
must be included only for reformulated gasoline certified using the 
complex model. There is no separate NOX standard under the simple 
model.
    b. VOC-Controlled Gasoline That Contains Ethanol. Section 
80.77(g)(3) is being added to require that product transfer documents 
must identify any VOC-controlled reformulated gasoline that contains 
any ethanol as an ethanol-containing reformulated gasoline, so that 
downstream parties will have sufficient knowledge to avoid violation of 
the prohibition, at Sec. 80.78(a)(8), against combining VOC-controlled 
reformulated gasoline produced using ethanol with VOC-controlled 
reformulated gasoline produced using any other oxygenate during the 
period January 1 through September 15.
    c. Complex Model Gasoline Certified Prior to 1998. Section 80.77(h) 
is being revised to clarify that the product transfer document 
requirements related to gasoline certified using the complex model 
before January 1, 1998, apply to reformulated gasoline and RBOB. The 
final rule makes reference to ``gasoline'' and RBOB without specifying 
``reformulated gasoline,'' which could have caused confusion.
8. Controls and Prohibitions (Section 80.78)
    Section 80.78(a)(1)(v)(B) and (a)(1)(v)(C), concerning reformulated 
gasoline prohibited activities, are being revised to clarify that 
gasoline subject to the per-gallon RVP maximum must have an RVP that is 
less than or equal to this standard, and that gasoline subject to the 
VOC and NOX emissions reduction minimum must have emissions 
reductions that are greater than or equal to these standards. The final 
rule describes these requirements only in terms of gasoline that is 
``less than'' or ``greater than'' these standards, while gasoline that 
equals these standards also is in compliance.
9. Enforcement Exemptions for California Gasoline (Sec. 80.81)
    a. Definition of California Gasoline. The final rule was intended 
to extend the California enforcement exemptions to gasoline produced at 
refineries outside California that produce only California reformulated 
gasoline and federal conventional gasoline. See 59 FR 7759, col. 3 
(February 16, 1994). However, the regulatory definition of ``California 
gasoline'' could be read to exclude non-California refineries producing 
California reformulated gasoline from the enforcement exemptions. 
Therefore, Sec. 80.81(a)(2)(iii) is clarified to exclude from this 
definition only gasoline produced by non-California refineries that are 
also producing reformulated gasoline for sale in covered areas outside 
California.
    b. Compliance Demonstration Submittal. Section 80.81(b)(4) requires 
refiners, importers, and oxygenate blenders to submit the compliance 
demonstration mandated by Sec. 80.81(b)(3) by May 31, 1996 ``along with 
reports required to be submitted under Sec. 80.75(a)(1).'' The quoted 
language is corrected to make clear that the compliance demonstration 
should accompany the report for the first quarter of 1996 due to be 
submitted on that date under Sec. 80.75(a)(1)(i).
    c. Use of California Sampling and/or Testing Methodologies. Section 
80.81(h) allows refiners and importers of California gasoline to use 
sampling and test methods that are set forth in the California 
reformulated gasoline regulations, in lieu of those methods prescribed 
under Sec. 80.46 for the federal reformulated gasoline program. This 
provision is being revised to clarify that these California-approved 
sampling and test methods may be used only with California gasoline, 
and that these methods may not be used to satisfy the sampling and 
testing requirements for reformulated or conventional gasoline that 
does not meet the definition of California gasoline.

B. Anti-Dumping Regulations (40 CFR Part 80, Subpart E)

1. Standards Applicable to Refiners and Importers (Sec. 80.101)
    a. Compliance Baseline Formula. Section 80.101(f)(4) currently 
provides that refiners and importers who use an individual 1990 
baseline, and who increase their gasoline production volume above a 
certain level, must calculate a compliance baseline for each averaging 
period. EPA has combined the separate formulas for ``Veq'' and 
``CBi'' in Sec. 80.101(f)(4) into a single, simpler formula.
    In addition, EPA has specified that the denominator of the 
compliance baseline equation includes the volume of California 
gasoline. The final rule excluded the volume of California gasoline 
produced in 1995 and thereafter from the compliance baseline equation, 
but this exclusion rendered this equation invalid for refiners of 
California gasoline because the numerator of this equation includes 
gasoline produced for the California market in 1990. In order to 
constitute a valid comparison of the volume of gasoline produced in 
1990 versus the volume produced in 1995 and thereafter, both the 
numerator and the denominator of the compliance baseline equation must 
contain the volume of gasoline produced for the California market. This 
approach for including California gasoline in the compliance baseline 
equation is equivalent to the requirement that reformulated gasoline 
produced for use in covered areas outside the State of California must 
be included in the denominator of the compliance baseline equation.
    The definitions of the factors ``DBi,'' ``CBi,'' and 
``Bi,'' are clarified to bring them in conformance with the terms 
used in the complex model calculations under Sec. 80.101(g).
    b. Compliance Calculations. Section 80.101(g), entitled 
``Compliance Calculations,'' is restructured to reverse the order of 
the simple model calculation formula currently in Sec. 80.101(g)(1)(i) 
and the formula for determining the average value for the parameter 
being evaluated currently in Sec. 80.101(g)(1)(ii). This organizational 
change is necessary because in order to perform the simple model 
calculation for exhaust benzene emissions, the refiner or importer must 
first determine the average value for certain parameters. In addition, 
and for purposes of clarity, the heading ``Simple Model Calculations'' 
is inserted as a new paragraph (i) under Sec. 80.101(g)(1), and the 
heading ``Complex Model Calculations'' is inserted as a new paragraph 
(ii) under Sec. 80.101(g)(1). These changes restructure the compliance 
calculations in a logical sequence that will make this section clearer 
for compliance purposes.
    The formula definition of ``SGi'' in Sec. 80.101(g)(1)(i)(A) 
is amended to clarify that the specific gravity term only applies to 
calculations involving sulfur.
    The definitions of the factors ``BZ'' and ``AR'' under 
Sec. 80.101(g)(1)(i)(B), pertaining to compliance calculations for 
exhaust benzene emissions under the simple model, are clarified as to 
how these are calculated by expanding them to read ``calculated per 
paragraph (g)(1)(i)(A) of this section.''
    Section 80.101(g)(1)(iii), (g)(1)(iv), and (g)(1)(v), pertaining to 
complex model calculations, are consolidated and simplified as a new 
Sec. 80.101(g)(1)(ii).
    c. Sampling and Testing. Section 80.101(i)(1), which concerns 
requirements for sampling and testing of conventional gasoline and 
other products to which the compliance standards apply, is being 
revised to delete the requirement that such sampling and testing be 
conducted prior to the gasoline or product leaving the refinery. This 
change is necessary because this requirement interferes with the 
ability of refiners and importers to do composite sampling and in-line 
blending.
2. Controls Applicable to Blendstocks (Sec. 80.102)
    Since gasoline produced for and marketed in California is subject 
to that State's stringent reformulated gasoline standards, it is not 
necessary to include such gasoline, or applicable blendstocks used in 
the production of such gasoline, in EPA's blendstock tracking 
requirements beginning in 1995. Thus, the definitions of the volume of 
gasoline, ``Vg'' and ``Vg,i,'' in the averaging period 
blendstock-to-gasoline ratio in Sec. 80.102(d)(1)(i) and the running 
cumulative compliance period blendstock-to-gasoline ratio in 
Sec. 80.102(d)(2)(i), respectively, are amended by adding an explicit 
exclusion for California gasoline. Similarly, an additional 
subparagraph (v) has been added under Sec. 80.102(d)(3) to exclude 
applicable blendstocks used to produce California gasoline in the 
blendstock ratio calculations. These corrections are necessary to make 
clear that the volumes of California gasoline, and applicable 
blendstocks used to produce California gasoline are not part of the 
ratio calculations.6
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \6\The baseline blendstock-to-gasoline ratio does include both 
gasoline and blendstock produced for the California market. This 
baseline ratio nevertheless is a valid basis for comparison with the 
compliance period blendstock-to-gasoline ratios (that exclude 
California gasoline and blendstock) because the baseline ratio 
represents a refiner's or importer's actual 1990 gasoline and 
blendstock volumes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Record Keeping Requirements (Sec. 80.104)
    Under Sec. 80.104(a)(2)(ix), refiners and importers are required to 
retain documents to demonstrate that blendstocks were transferred for 
other than gasoline blending purposes as a basis for excluding such 
blendstocks from tracking. There are various other bases specified in 
Sec. 80.102(d)(3) for excluding blendstocks from tracking (e.g., 
exported, transferred as a feedstock) for which document support is not 
required in the final rule. EPA believes that the document support 
requirement should apply to all excluded blendstocks. Therefore, 
Sec. 80.104(a)(2)(ix) is expanded to require the retention of documents 
which demonstrate any of the specified bases for the exclusion of 
blendstocks from blendstock tracking.
4. Reporting Requirements (Sec. 80.105)
    Section 80.105(a)(2) in the final rule requires refiners and 
importers to report the overall volume of applicable blendstock 
produced or imported and transferred to others. This provision is being 
clarified to require separate reporting for those applicable 
blendstocks that are, and those that are not, excluded under 
Sec. 80.102(d)(3).

C. Preamble

    The preamble of the February 16, 1994, notice of final rulemaking 
contains two errors in the sections discussing reformulated gasoline 
and anti-dumping enforcement provisions. The following corrections 
should be noted for these sections of the preamble:
     On page 7759, in the second column, in the 12th and 13th 
lines of the second full paragraph, ``(March 1, 1996, through February 
29, 1996)'' should read ``(March 1, 1996, through February 28, 1998).''
     On page 7800, in the second column, in the 4th and 5th 
lines of the carryover paragraph, ``section 211(k)(c) of the Act'' 
should read ``section 211(k) and (c) of the Act.''

V. Summer/Winter Season

    Section 80.91 of the Reformulated Gasoline Final Rule (59 FR 7716) 
defines summer and winter data and sampling requirements as follows: 
paragraph (d)(1)(i)(A) states that ``Data shall have been obtained for 
at least three months of the refiner's or importer's production of 
summer gasoline and at least three months of its production of winter 
gasoline.'' The regulation goes on to define a summer month as ``any 
month during which the refiner produced any gasoline which met the 
federal summer gasoline volatility requirements. Winter shall be any 
month which could not be considered a summer month.''
    Several comments received by EPA since the rule was published 
indicate that this present definition severely restricts or eliminates 
the winter period in some cases, and inappropriately allocates winter 
data to the summer calculation. Further, the current rule inadvertently 
precludes the use of actual data in some calculations, even when such 
per batch actual data is available.
    Considering that the goal of the baseline is to most accurately 
reflect actual 1990 gasoline composition, the rule will be modified to 
more correctly allocate parameter data. Provision will be made for the 
use of actual RVP data to define summer and winter gasoline. When such 
Method 1, per batch actual data is not available, summer and winter 
months will be redefined to better approximate the seasonal gasoline 
fuel parameter and emission values.
    This modification to the reformulated gasoline regulation will 
satisfy several comments received since publication in the Federal 
Register. EPA will redefine summer and winter months, for use when 
Method 1 actual batch data is not available, as follows. A summer month 
will be redefined as any month during which more than 50 percent (by 
volume) of the gasoline produced by a refiner met the federal summer 
gasoline volatility requirements. Winter shall remain defined as any 
month which could not be considered a summer month. This will correct 
situations in which small quantities of summer volatility gasoline are 
produced early in the year. Originally, data from a month in which even 
small quantities of summer volatility fuel was produced was considered 
a summer month. With this modification, such months in which the 
majority of fuel was winter volatility would be correctly allocated as 
a winter data month.
    Further, for any month for which both winter and summer gasoline 
were produced, if actual RVP (Method 1) data are available, that data 
will be accurately divided between the summer and winter calculations, 
as appropriate. If such per batch data is not available, all data for 
that month would be considered either summer or winter, based on the 
production volumes.
    When actual per batch data is used, for minimum data requirement 
purposes, a month is considered equivalent to 4 weeks of seasonal data. 
Therefore, 12 weeks of data sampling on summer volatility fuel 
satisfies the minimum three months of data collection required. If a 
refiner, such as the California refiners, still cannot provide three 
months of winter data, they may petition for less than minimum data, 
under the provisions outlined in Sec. 80.91(d)(1)(C).

VI. Baseline Determination Adjustments

A. Work-In-Progress (WIP) Adjustment

    The final reformulated gasoline rule provided criteria for allowing 
work-in-progress baseline adjustments (section 80.91(e)(5)). Work-in-
progress (WIP) refers to one or more major capital changes or 
commitment(s) made by a refiner prior to or in 1990. A WIP adjustment 
allows a refiner to modify its baseline volume and fuel parameter 
values (which affect emissions) to account for the WIP. In order to 
obtain a WIP modification, a refiner must petition EPA and EPA must 
approve the petition.
    As indicated in the preamble to the final rule, EPA believes that 
the criteria for a WIP adjustment should be fairly stringent, as the 
adjustment was intended only for those for whom a significant 
investment had already been made in order to comply with another 
government mandate. Additionally, a broad program of adjustments could 
indicate that EPA exceeded its equitable discretion under Alabama 
Power, as discussed in the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) 
accompanying the final rule.
    In the final rule, EPA required that a refiner meet each of three 
criteria in order to qualify for a WIP baseline adjustment. A fourth 
criterion was also required to minimize environmental harm due to WIP 
adjustments, via simple model parameter caps and emissions caps for 
both the simple and complex models.
    Since promulgation of the final rule, EPA has re-evaluated this 
fourth criterion of the WIP provisions. EPA intended to allow WIP 
adjustments to relieve severe hardship where the adjustment did not 
allow emissions to increase significantly relative to the Clean Air Act 
baseline. The methods EPA chose to constrain WIP adjustments had 
inconsistent impacts depending on simple model or complex model use. 
The modification proposed in this Direct Final Rulemaking would ensure 
that the fuel parameter constraints on WIP adjustments under the simple 
model would be more consistent with the emissions performance 
constraints under the complex model. Specifically, WIP adjustments will 
be permitted to exceed the simple model parameter caps, but only to the 
extent the baseline still complies with the complex model emission 
caps. Without this change, a WIP adjustment would be more constrained 
in 1995 than would be the case in 1998, possibly requiring a refiner to 
make processing changes in 1995 that would not be necessary in 1998. 
While the emissions and parameter caps were set to minimize 
environmental harm due to the WIP (realizing that a WIP adjustment will 
actually increase baseline emissions relative to 1990) EPA believes 
this modification will increase compliance flexibility while 
maintaining the environmental goals of the program.
    With regard to the effect of WIP adjustments on reformulated 
gasoline compliance, the simple model caps stated in the regulations 
apply to reformulated gasoline as well as to conventional gasoline. As 
stated in the final reformulated gasoline rule, when the simple model 
is used for compliance, the WIP-adjusted annual average baseline values 
for sulfur, olefins and T90 are the actual WIP-adjusted values of those 
parameters, provided they do not exceed the unadjusted baseline values 
or the simple model parameter caps given in section 80.91(e)(viii)(B). 
However, baseline parameters may now exceed these caps if the WIP 
adjusted baseline does not result in exhaust emissions of VOC, toxics, 
and NOX which exceed the emission levels specified in 
Sec. 80.91(e)(5)(vii)(B), namely 105% of the annual average statutory 
value.
    Based on questions received since promulgation of the final rule, 
two changes in the language of the Work-In-Progress (WIP) provisions 
are made to section 80.91(e)(5) to further clarify certain aspects of 
the WIP adjustment not explicitly addressed in the final rule. The 
regulatory language dealing with the emissions and parameter caps is 
unclear as to whether the caps apply to the actual values or to the 
change in emissions or parameter values. In addition, there appeared to 
be some confusion over what was meant by ``adjusted'' baseline. 
Paragraphs 80.91(e)(5)(vi) and 80.91(e)(5)(vii) have been modified to 
clarify agency intent.

B. JP-4 Adjustment

    In the final rule for reformulated gasoline, EPA allowed 
adjustments for specific extenuating circumstances. Baseline fuel 
parameters, volumes and emissions of a refinery can be adjusted due to 
the occurrence of specific extraordinary or extenuating circumstances 
which caused its 1990 gasoline production to be different than it would 
have been had the circumstance not occurred. However, the Agency's 
objective is not to establish a broad adjustment program. Allowable 
circumstances include unforeseen, unplanned downtime of at least 30 
days of one or more gasoline blendstock producing units due to 
equipment failure or natural cause beyond the control of the refiner, 
or for non-annual maintenance (turnaround) downtime which occurred in 
1990. These types of adjustments reflect instances where the 1990 
baseline truly deviated from the otherwise expected baseline (historic 
and future), had the incident not occurred. EPA also expects that 
allowed adjustments will have minimal environmental impact while 
relieving a large regulatory burden.
    In keeping with that policy objective, EPA promulgated provisions 
to permit baseline adjustments for certain refiners which produced JP-4 
jet fuel in 1990, upon petition and approval. As discussed in the RIA 
for the reformulated gasoline final rule, EPA believes that it has 
authority to allow such adjustments due to the discretion afforded EPA 
by Congress. Additionally, Alabama Power v. Costle\7\ gives EPA ``case-
by-case discretion'' to grant variances or even dispensation from a 
rule where imposition of the requirement would result in minimal 
environmental benefit but would extremely burden a regulated party. 
Today's action changes two portions of the provisions for JP-4 
adjustment: the multiple refinery requirement and the JP-4 to gasoline 
production ratio. In the final reformulated gasoline rule, JP-4 
baseline adjustments are generally limited to single-refinery refiners 
because such refiners have no way to aggregate baselines\8\ so as to 
reduce the combined burden of a JP-4 phaseout and the anti-dumping 
requirements on their operations. In some cases, if no relief were 
granted in this area, the viability of a refinery could be at stake.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \7\Alabama Power Company v. Costle, 636 F.2d 323.357 (D.C. Cir 
1979).
    \8\A refiner with more than one refinery may determine an 
aggregate baseline, i.e., a conventional gasoline compliance 
baseline, which consists of the volume-weighted emissions or fuel 
parameters, as applicable, of two or more refineries.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Multiple-Refinery Requirement
    The final reformulated gasoline rule also promulgated baseline 
adjustment provisions for multi-refinery refiners where each refinery 
produced JP-4 in 1990. This adjustment provision assumes that multi-
refinery refiners are predominantly in the business of fuel production 
and thus possess the means to offset the refinery's JP-4 volume and 
associated fuel parameter increases with fuels volumes at other 
locations. The adjustment also assumes that refiners with multiple-
refineries have process units offering various processing options which 
support an average (or typical) fuel production operation.
    Today's action modifies the JP-4 baseline adjustment multiple 
refinery requirement. Every refinery of a multiple-refinery is no 
longer required to have produced JP-4. Such multi-refinery refiners are 
allowed to average their 1990 JP-4 production to 1990 gasoline 
production ratio across all of their refineries. However, all 
refineries of a multi-refiner must still meet the other two criteria 
specified for the JP-4 baseline adjustment in the reformulated gasoline 
final regulations. Specifically, only refiners that will not produce 
reformulated gasoline and that meet the 1990 JP-4 to gasoline 
production ratio are allowed to make a JP-4 baseline adjustment. The 
Agency is amending the requirement stipulating that each refinery of 
multiple-refineries produced JP-4 in 1990 because, essentially, the 
same environmental impact and economic hardship is expected regardless 
of whether a single refinery or all refineries of a multiple-refinery 
produced JP-4.
2. JP-4 Baseline Adjustment Ratio
    The final reformulated gasoline rule promulgated baseline 
adjustment provisions which stipulate that 1990 JP-4 production must 
have constituted a specified portion of a refiner's 1990 fuel 
production in order for a significant enough burden to exist to justify 
permiting baseline adjustments. Additionally, a baseline is neither 
unrepresentative of 1990, nor incalculable, because of post-1990 
changes in crude availability, fuel specifications, fuel markets, etc. 
EPA is permitting baseline adjustments for certain refiners which 
produced JP-4 jet fuel in 1990 because, as discussed in the Regulatory 
Impact Analysis for the reformulated gasoline final rule, EPA believes 
that it has a limited authority to allow such adjustments in certain 
extreme cases. The final reformulated gasoline regulations require that 
the ratio of the refinery's 1990 JP-4 production to its 1990 gasoline 
production equal or exceed 0.5.
    Upon further evaluation of the baseline adjustment provisions, the 
Agency has concluded that the JP-4 to gasoline production ratio, as 
promulgated in the RFG final rule (0.5), is unnecessarily restrictive. 
Based on responses from affected refiners, under the December 1993 
criteria only two refiners in the United States would likely qualify 
for the adjustment. In other words, very few refiners under contract to 
produce JP-4 will have the relief intended by the provision. Today's 
action alters the refiner's 1990 JP-4 production to 1990 gasoline 
production ratio from 0.5 to 0.2. EPA believes this revised ratio 
indicates that a significant amount of the refinery feedstock used for 
JP-4 production would have to be converted in order to produce 
gasoline. Altering the JP-4 to gasoline production ratio will allow 
additional small refiners to qualify for the adjustment and not be 
forced to operate from a drastically less competitive position or be 
driven out of business. Based on feedback EPA has received, changing 
the ratio from 0.5 to 0.2 raises the number of affected refiners from 2 
to 6. If large refineries had such a ratio also, the regulatory burden 
would be just as great. Also, it would be more difficult to argue de 
minimis environmental impact for large refiners. In reality none do, 
such that the ratio is only an issue for small refiners.
    Several different ratio options were suggested by commenters during 
the reformulated gasoline rulemaking as to what minimum portion of a 
refinery's 1990 production JP-4 should have constituted for the 
circumstance to be extenuating, as follows: JP-4 production to total 
refinery production, 20%; JP-4 production to gasoline production, 5%; 
JP-4 production to gasoline production, 75%; and, JP-4 production to 
gasoline plus JP-4 production, 10%. EPA's 0.2 JP-4 to gasoline ratio is 
in line with some of the commenters suggestions.
    At less than a 1990 JP-4 to gasoline production ratio of 0.2, EPA 
believes the impact on benzene and aromatics may make it more costly 
for refiners to comply with the regulations, though it is unlikely that 
such refiners will be forced out of business or experience some similar 
extreme burden. For example, it is expected that no economic hardship 
will occur at a PJP-4 to gasoline ratio of 0.1. Thus, the Agency 
discretion recognized in Alabama\9\ to grant variances or even 
dispensation from a rule where imposition of the requirement would 
result in minimal environmental benefit but would extremely burden a 
regulated party, would not apply.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \9\Alabama Power Company vs. Costle, 636 F.2d 323.357 (D.C. Cir 
1979).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    While the adjusted emission baselines of those approved for both 
amended PJP-4 adjustments are likely to be higher than their actual 
1990 baselines (primarily due to increased benzene and aromatics) EPA 
expects minimal negative environmental affects. First, the number of 
refineries meeting the criteria is still expected to be quite small. 
Second, the total production of all such refineries is also small. 
Thus, not very much additional gasoline will be affected by any 
baseline adjustments for JP-4 than if the criteria were less stringent 
or adjustments were not allowed at all. The modification of the multi-
refinery requirement and the reduction of the ratio requirement to 0.2 
both provide necessary flexibility to refiners and allow additional 
refiners (that are simultaneously burdened by the JP-4 phaseout and the 
anti-dumping provisions) regulatory relief.
    As stated in the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) for the 
reformulated gasoline final rule, JP-4 baseline adjustments will be 
allowed only for those refiners which will not produce reformulated 
gasoline, which is the most critical factor in assessing environmental 
impact. While the anti-dumping requirements, in general, apply to all 
conventional gasoline whether or not reformulated gasoline is also 
produced, in these specific cases no dumping will occur due to 
reformulated gasoline production. The intent of Congress with regard to 
the anti-dumping program will be met while not unduly burdening those 
that meet the specified criteria. Since both the unadjusted and 
adjusted baselines must be determined, if a refiner granted such an 
adjustment subsequently produces reformulated gasoline, its 
conventional gasoline compliance would immediately be subject to its 
original unadjusted baseline.

VII. Public Participation and Effective Date

    The Agency is publishing this action as a direct final rule because 
it views the changes contained within as non-controversial and 
anticipates no adverse or critical comments. This action will be 
effective September 19, 1994 unless the Agency receives notice by 
August 19, 1994 that adverse or critical comments will be submitted, or 
that a party requests the opportunity to submit such oral comments 
pursuant to section 307(d)(5) of the Clean Air Act, as amended. If such 
notice is received regarding a change to a particular regulatory 
provision, the provision in question will be withdrawn before the 
effective date by publishing a subsequent Federal Register notice 
withdrawing the direct final rule for the identified provision.
    Parties that submit adverse or critical comments, notify EPA of 
intentions to submit such comments, or request a public hearing within 
the allotted time period should identify the specific provision(s) at 
issue by specifying the preamble section numbers that discuss the 
provision(s). For instance, comments on the change to the oxygen valid 
range limits should include a reference to Section (Item Number) II.A.1 
of the preamble. Comments on any of the insubstantial errors in Section 
I of the preamble should include a reference to the identification code 
associated with each change in that section. For instance, adverse 
comments on the paragraph reference change in Sec. 80.41(h)(2)(iii) 
should include a reference to Item Number I-A.
    The EPA will withdraw from final action only those specific 
provision(s) identified by the commenters or persons who notify EPA of 
their intent to comment or who request an opportunity to submit oral 
comments. All provisions in today's action that are not commented upon 
or for which EPA does not receive notice as described above will become 
effective September 19, 1994.

VIII. Statutory Authority

    The statutory authority for the actions finalized today is granted 
to EPA by Sections 114, 211 (c) and (k) and 301 of the Clean Air Act, 
as amended; 42 U.S.C. 7414, 7545 (c) and (k), and 7601.

IX. Administrative Designation

    Pursuant to Executive Order 12866, (58 FR 51735 (October 4, 1993)) 
the Agency must determine whether the regulatory action is 
``significant'' and therefore subject to OMB review and the 
requirements of the Executive Order. The Order defines ``significant 
regulatory action'' as one that is likely to result in a rule that may:
    (1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more or 
adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the 
economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public 
health or safety, or State, local, or tribal governments or 
communities;
    (2) Create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an 
action taken or planned by another agency;
    (3) Materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, 
user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients 
thereof; or
    (4) Raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal 
mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in 
the Executive Order.
    Pursuant to the terms of Executive Order 12866, it has been 
determined that this direct rule is not a ``significant regulatory 
action''.

X. Regulatory Flexibility Analysis

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) of 1980 requires federal 
agencies to examine the effects of the renewable oxygenate regulation 
and to identify significant adverse impacts of federal regulations on a 
substantial number of small entities. Because the RFA does not provide 
concrete definitions of ``small entity,'' ``significant impact,'' or 
``substantial number,'' EPA has established guidelines setting the 
standards to be used in evaluating impacts on small businesses.\10\ For 
purposes of the renewable oxygenate requirement for reformulated 
gasoline, a small entity is any business which is independently owned 
and operated and not dominant in its field as defined by SBA 
regulations under section 3 of the Small Business Act.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \10\U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Memorandum to 
Assistant Administrators, ``Compliance with the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act,'' EPA Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation, 
1984. In addition, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Memorandum 
to Assistant Administrators, ``Agency's Revised Guidelines for 
Implementing the Regulatory Flexibility Act,'' Office of Policy, 
Planning, and Evaluation, 1992.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    The Agency believes that the interpretations, clarifications, and 
corrections published in today's final action are unlikely to have a 
significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. 
In fact, the revisions contained herein are designed to promote 
successful implementation of the reformulated gasoline program for all 
regulated parties.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 80

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Fuel additives, 
Gasoline, and Motor vehicle pollution.

    Dated: June 27, 1994.
Carol M. Browner,
Administrator.

    40 CFR part 80 is amended as follows:

PART 80--REGULATION OF FUELS AND FUEL ADDITIVES

    1. The authority citation for part 80 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: Sections 114, 211 and 301(a) of the Clean Air Act as 
amended (42 U.S.C. 7414, 7545 and 7601(a)).

    2. In Sec. 80.41, paragraphs (h)(2)(iii), (j)(2), and the 
introductory text to paragraph (m)(1) are revised to read as follows:


Sec. 80.41  Standards and requirements for compliance.

* * * * *
    (h)  *  *  *
    (2)  *  *  *
    (iii) In the case of a refiner that operates more than one 
refinery, the standards specified under this paragraph (h)(2) shall be 
met using the refinery grouping selected by the refiner under 
Sec. 80.101(h).
* * * * *
    (j)  *  *  *
    (2) The aromatics value which, together with the values for 
benzene, RVP, and oxygen determined under paragraph (j)(1) of this 
section, meets the Simple Model toxics requirement specified in 
paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section, as applicable;
* * * * *
    (m)  *  *  *
    (1) On each occasion that a covered area fails a NOX emissions 
reduction survey conducted pursuant to Sec. 80.68, except in the case 
of Phase II complex model NOX standards for VOC-controlled 
gasoline, the NOX emissions reduction requirements for that 
covered area beginning in the year following the failure shall be 
adjusted to be more stringent as follows:
* * * * *
    3. Section 80.42 is amended by revising definitions ``EXHVOCS1'' 
through ``REFVOCS2'' in paragraph (a) introductory text; by adding a 
concluding sentence to paragraphs (b)(1)(ii), (b)(2)(ii), and 
(b)(3)(ii), and adding paragraph (b)(4); and by revising the table in 
paragraph (c)(1) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.42  Simple emissions model.

    (a)  *  *  *

EXHVOCS1=Exhaust nonmethane, nonethane VOC emissions from the fuel in 
question, in grams per mile, for VOC control region 1 during the summer 
period.
EXHVOCS2=Exhaust nonmethane, nonethane VOC emissions from the fuel in 
question, in grams per mile, for VOC control region 2 during the summer 
period.
EXHVOCW=Exhaust nonmethane, nonethane VOC emissions from the fuel in 
question, in grams per mile, during the winter period.
EVPVOCS1=Evaporative nonmethane, nonethane VOC emissions from the fuel 
in question, in grams per mile, for VOC control region 1 during the 
summer period.
EVPVOCS2=Evaporative nonmethane, nonethane VOC emissions from the fuel 
in question, in grams per mile, for VOC control region 2 during the 
summer period.
RLVOCS1=Running loss nonmethane, nonethane VOC emissions from the fuel 
in question, in grams per mile, for VOC control region 1 during the 
summer period.
RLVOCS2=Running loss nonmethane, nonethane VOC emissions from the fuel 
in question, in grams per mile, for VOC control region 2 during the 
summer period.
REFVOCS1=Refueling nonmethane, nonethane VOC emissions from the fuel in 
question, in grams per mile, for VOC control region 1 during the summer 
period.
REFVOCS2=Refueling nonmethane, nonethane VOC emissions from the fuel in 
question, in grams per mile, for VOC control region 2 during the summer 
period.
* * * * *
    (b) *  *  *
    (1) *  *  *
    (ii) *  *  * Oxygen in the form of methanol or non-alcohol, non-
ether oxygenates shall not be evaluated with the Simple Model, but 
instead must be evaluated through vehicle testing under the Complex 
Model per Sec. 80.48.
* * * * *
    (2) *  *  *
    (ii) *  *  * Oxygen in the form of methanol or non-alcohol, non-
ether oxygenates shall not be evaluated with the Simple Model, but 
instead must be evaluated through vehicle testing under the Complex 
Model per Sec. 80.48.
* * * * *
    (3) *  *  *
    (ii) *  *  * Oxygen in the form of methanol or non-alcohol, non-
ether oxygenates shall not be evaluated with the Simple Model, but 
instead must be evaluated through vehicle testing under the Complex 
Model per Sec. 80.48.
    (4) If the fuel aromatics content of the fuel in question is less 
than 10 volume percent, then an FAROM value of 10 volume percent shall 
be used when evaluating the toxics emissions equations given in 
paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2), and (b)(3) of this section.
    (c) * * *
    (1) * * * 

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                    Fuel parameter                            Range     
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benzene content.......................................  0-4.9 vol %.    
RVP...................................................  6.4-9.0 psi.    
Oxygen content........................................  0-4.0 wt %.     
Aromatics content.....................................  0-55 vol %.     
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    4. Section 80.45 is amended by:
    a. revising Table 3 in paragraph (b)(3);
    b. revising Table 6 in (c)(1)(iv)(A);
    c. revising the first sentence and the equations for Phase I and II 
in paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(B), and revising
    (c)(1)(iv)(C)(5);
    d. revising the second sentence in paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(C)(9);
    e. revising paragraphs (c)(1)(iv)(C)(11) and (12);
    f. revising the first sentence in paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(C)(13) and 
revising paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(C)(14);
    g. revising paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(D)(5), revising the second 
sentence in paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(D)(9), and revising paragraphs 
(c)(1)(iv)(D)(11) and (12);
    h. revising the first sentence in paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(D)(13), and 
revising paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(D)(14);
    i. revising the equation for VOCRL1 in paragraph (c)(3)(i);
    j. revising the equations for VOCHS1 and VOCRF1 in paragraph 
(c)(3)(ii);
    k. revising the equation for VOCRL2 in paragraph (c)(4)(ii), and 
revising paragraph (c)(8)(ii);
    l. revising paragraph (d)(1)(iv)(A) and Table 7, revising the first 
sentence and the equations for Phase I and II in paragraph 
(d)(1)(iv)(B), revising paragraph (d)(1)(iv)(C)(5), and revising the 
second sentence in paragraph (d)(1)(iv)(C)(9);
    m. revising the Phase I equation for ``Toxics 2%'' and the Phase II 
equation for ``Toxics 1%'' in paragraph (e)(1)(ii);
    n. revising paragraph (e)(3) introductory text and removing 
paragraphs (e)(3)(i) and (e)(3)(ii);
    o. revising the last sentence in paragraph (e)(4)(iii);
    p. adding a concluding sentence to paragraphs (e)(5)(iv) and 
(e)(6)(iv);
    q. revising equations ``HSBZ1'' through ``RFBZ1'' in paragraph 
(e)(9) and equations ``HSBZ2'' through ``RFBZ2'' in paragraph (e)(10); 
and
    r. revising paragraph (f)(1).
    The additions and revisions are set out to read as follows:


Sec. 80.45  Complex emissions model.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (3) * * *

                  Table 3.--Baseline Exhaust Emissions                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                  Phase I                Phase II       
                           ---------------------------------------------
    Exhaust pollutant         Summer     Winter                         
                            (mg/mile)  (mg/mile)  Summer (mg/ Winter (mg/
                                                    mile)       mile)   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
VOC.......................     446.0      660.0       907.0      1341.0 
NOx.......................     660.0      750.0      1340.0      1540.0 
Benzene...................      26.10      37.57       53.54       77.62
Acetaldehyde..............       2.19       3.57        4.44        7.25
Formaldehyde..............       4.85       7.73        9.70       15.34
1,3-Butadiene.............       4.31       7.27        9.38       15.84
POM.......................       1.50       2.21        3.04        4.50 
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (iv) * * *
    (A) * * * 

  Table 6.--Allowable Ranges of E200, E300, and ARO for the Exhaust VOC 
       Equations in Paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) of This Section       
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 Phase I                 Phase II       
                         -----------------------------------------------
     Fuel parameter        Lower                   Lower                
                           limit   Higher limit    limit   Higher limit 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
E200....................    33.00  65.83........    33.00  65.52        
E300....................    72.00  Variable\1\..    72.00  Variable\2\  
ARO.....................    18.00  46.00........    18.00  46.00        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Higher E300 limit=lower of 94.0 or 80.32+[0.390 x (ARO)].            
\2\Higher E300 limit=lower of 94.0 or 79.75+[0.385 x (ARO)].            

    (B) For fuels with E200, E300, and/or ARO levels outside the ranges 
defined in Table 6, YVOC(t) shall be defined as: For Phase I:
YVOC(t)=100% x 0.52 x [exp(v1(et))/exp(v1(b))-1]
    +100% x 0.48 x [exp(v2(et))/exp(v2(b))-1]
    +{100%-0.52 x [exp(v1(et))/exp(v1(b))]
     x {[(0.0002144 x E200et)- 0.014470] x E200}
    +{[(0.0008174 x E300et)-0.068624
    -(0.000348 x AROet)] x E300}
    +{[(-0.000348 x E300et)+ 0.0323712] x ARO}]}
    +{100% x 0.48 x [exp(v2(et))/exp(v2(b))]
     x [{[(0.000212 x E200et)- 0.01350] x E200}
    +{[(0.000816 x E300et)-0.06233
    -(0.00029 x AROet)] x E300}
    +{[(-0.00029 x E300et)+ 0.028204] x ARO}]}
For Phase II:

Y VOC(t)=100% x 0.444 x [exp(v1(et))/exp(v1(b))-1]
    +100% x 0.556 x [exp(v2(et))/exp(v2(b))-1]
    +{100% x 0.444 x [exp(v1(et))/exp(v1(b))]
     x [{[(0.0002144 x E200et)- 0.014470] x E200}
    +{[(0.0008174 x E300et)-0.068624
    -(0.000348 x AROet)] x E300}
    +{[(-0.000348 x E300et)+ 0.0323712] x ARO}]}
    +{100% x 0.556 x [exp(v2(et))/exp(v2(b))]
     x [{[(0.000212 x E200et)- 0.01350]] x E200}
    +{[(0.000816 x E300et)-0.06233
    -(0.00029 x AROet)] x E300}
    +{[(-0.00029 x E300et)+ 0.028204] x ARO}]}
* * * * *
    (C) * * *
    (5) If the E300 level of the target fuel is greater than 95 volume 
percent, then the E300 value of the target fuel shall be set equal to 
95 volume percent for the purposes of calculating VOC emissions with 
the Phase I equation given in paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(B) of this section.
* * * * *
    (9) * * * If the aromatics level of the target fuel is less than 10 
volume percent, then ARO shall be set equal to -8 volume 
percent.
* * * * *
    (11) If neither of the conditions established in paragraphs 
(c)(1)(iv)(C)(9) and (10) of this section are met, then ARO 
shall be set equal to zero.
    (12) If the E300 level of the target fuel is less than 72 percent, 
then E300 shall be set equal to (E300-72 percent).
    (13) If the E300 level of the target fuel is greater than 94 volume 
percent and [80.32+(0.390xARO)] also is greater than 94, then 
E300 shall be set equal to (E300-94 volume percent).* * *
    (14) If neither of the conditions established in paragraphs 
(c)(1)(iv)(C)(12) and (13) of this section are met, then E300 
shall be set equal to zero.
    (D) * * *
    (5) If the E300 level of the target fuel is greater than 95 volume 
percent, then the E300 value of the target fuel shall be set equal to 
95 volume percent for the purposes of calculating VOC emissions with 
the Phase II equation given in paragraph (c)(1)(iv)(B) of this section.
* * * * *
    (9) * * * If the aromatics level of the target fuel is less than 10 
volume percent, then ARO shall be set equal to -8 volume 
percent.
* * * * *
    (11) If neither of the conditions established in paragraphs 
(c)(1)(iv)(D)(9) and (10) of this section are met, then ARO 
shall be set equal to zero.
    (12) If the E300 level of the target fuel is less than 72 percent, 
then E300 shall be set equal to (E300) x 72 percent).
    (13) If the E300 level of the target fuel is greater than 94 volume 
percent and [80.32+(0.390 x ARO)] also is greater than 94, then 
E300 shall be set equal to (E300 -94 volume percent). * * *
    (14) If neither of the conditions established in paragraphs 
(c)(1)(iv)(D)(12) and (13) of this section are met, then E300 
shall be set equal to zero.
* * * * *
    (3) * * *
    (i) * * *

VOCRL1=[0.00279  x  (RVP2)]+[0.1096  x  RVP] -0.7340
* * * * *
    (ii) * * *

VOCHS1=[0.006654  x  (RVP2)] -[0.08094  x  RVP]+0.2846
* * * * *
VOCRF1=[0.004767  x  RVP]+0.011859
    (4) * * *
    (ii) * * *

VOCRL2=[0.016169  x  (RVP2)] -[0.17206  x  RVP]+0.56724
* * * * *
    (8) * * *
    (ii) The total winter VOC emissions performance of the target fuel 
in percentage terms from baseline levels shall be given by the 
following equation during Phase II:

VOCW%=[100%  x  (VOC -1.341 g/mi)] / (1.341 g/mi)

    (d) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (iv) * * *
    (A) The equations in paragraphs (d)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section 
shall be used within the allowable range of SUL, OLE, and ARO for the 
appropriate Phase, as defined in the following Table 7:

Table 7.--Allowable Ranges of SUL, OLE, and ARO for the NOX Equations in
              Paragraphs/(d)(1)(i) and (ii) of This Section             
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                         Phase I            Phase II    
                                   -------------------------------------
          Fuel parameter                        High               High 
                                    Low end     end    Low end     end  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUL...............................     10.0     450.0     10.0     450.0
OLE...............................      3.77     19.0      3.77     19.0
ARO...............................     18.0      36.2     18.0      36.8
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (B) For fuels with SUL, OLE, and/or ARO levels outside the ranges 
defined in Table 7 of paragraph (d)(2)(iv)(A) of this section, 
Ynox(t) shall be defined as:

For Phase I:

YNOX (t)=100%  x  0.82  x  [exp (n1(et))/exp (n1(b)) -1]
    +100%  x  0.18  x  [exp(n2(et))/exp(n2(b)) -1]
    +{100%  x  0.82  x  [exp(n1(et))/exp(n1(b))]
      x  [{[(0.00000133  x  SULet)+0.000692]  x  SUL}
    +{[(-0.000238  x  AROet)+0.0083632]  x  ARO}
    +{[(0.000733  x  OLEet) -0.002774]  x  OLE}]}
    +{100%  x  0.18  x  [exp(n2{et))/exp(n2(b))]
      x  [{0.000252  x  } +
    +{[(-0.0001599  x  ARO)+0.007097]  x  
ARO}
    +{[(0.000732  x  OLEet) -0.00276]  x  OLE}]}
For Phase II:

Ynox(t)=100%  x  0.738  x  [exp(n1(et))/exp(n1(b)) -1]
    +100%  x  0.262  x  [exp(n2(et))/exp(n2(b)) -1]
    +{100%  x  0.738  x  [exp(n1(et))/exp(n1(b))]
      x  [{[(-0.00000133  x  SULet)+0.000692]  x  SUL}
    +{[(-0.000238  x  AROet)+0.0083632]  x  ARO}
    +{[(0.000733  x  OLEet) -0.002774]  x  OLE}]}
    +{100%  x  0.262  x  [exp(n2(et))/exp(n2(b))]
      x  [{0.000252  x  SUL}+
    +{[(-0.0001599  x  AROet)+0.007097]  x  ARO}
    +{[(0.000732  x  OLEet) -0.00276]  x  OLE}]}
* * * * *
    (C) * * *
    (5) If the E300 level of the target fuel is greater than 95 volume 
percent, then the E300 value of the target fuel shall be set equal to 
95 volume percent for the purposes of calculating NOX emissions 
with the equations given in paragraph (d)(1)(iv)(B) of this section.
* * * * *
    (9) * * * If the aromatics level of the target fuel is less than 10 
volume percent, then ARO shall be set equal to -8 volume 
percent.
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) * * *

TOXICS2% = [100%  x  (TOXICS2 - 47.58 mg/mi)] / (47.58 mg/mi)
* * * * *
TOXICS1% = [100%  x  (TOXICS1 - 86.34 mg/mi)] / (86.34 mg/mi)
* * * * *
    (3) The year-round toxics performance in VOC Control Regions 1 and 
2 shall be derived from volume-weighted performances of individual 
batches of fuel as described in Sec. 80.67(g).
    (4) * * *
    (iii) * * * If the E300 value of the target fuel is greater than 95 
volume percent, then an E300 value of 95 volume percent shall be used 
when evaluating the equations in paragraphs (e)(4)(i) and (ii) of this 
section.
    (5) * * *
    (iv) * * * Oxygen in the form of methanol or non-alcohol, non-ether 
oxygenates shall not be evaluated with the Complex Model, but instead 
must be evaluated through vehicle testing per Sec. 80.48.
    (6) * * *
    (iv) * * * Oxygen in the form of methanol or non-alcohol, non-ether 
oxygenates shall not be evaluated with the Complex Model, but instead 
must be evaluated through vehicle testing per Sec. 80.48.
* * * * *
    (9) * * *

HSBZ1 = 10  x  BEN  x  VOCHS1  x  [(-0.0342  x  MTB) + (-0.080274  x  
RVP) + 1.4448]
DIBZ1 = 10  x  BEN  x  VOCD11  x  [(-0.0290  x  MTB) + (-0.080274  x  
RVP) + 1.3758]
RLBZ1 = 10  x  BEN  x  VOCRL1  x  [(-0.0342  x  MTB) + (-0.080274  x  
RVP) + 1.4448]
RFBZ1 = 10  x  BEN  x  VOCRF1  x  [(-0.0296  x  MTB) + (-0.081507  x  
RVP) + 1.3972
* * * * *
    (10) * * *
HSBZ2 = 10  x  BEN  x  VOCHS2  x  [(-0.0342  x  MTB) + (-0.080274  x  
RVP) + 1.4448]
DIBZ2 = 10  x  BEN  x  VOCD12  x  [(-0.0290  x  MTB) + (-0.080274  x  
RVP) + 1.3758]
RLBZ2 = 10  x  BEN  x  VOCRL2  x  [(-0.0342  x  MTB) + (-0.080274  x  
RVP) + 1.4448]
RFBZ2 = 10  x  BEN x VOCRF2  x  [(-0.0296  x  MTB) + (-0.081507  x  
RVP) + 1.3972
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (1) The equations described in paragraphs (c), (d), and (e) of this 
section shall be valid only for fuels with fuel properties that fall in 
the following ranges for reformulated gasolines and conventional 
gasolines:
    (i) For reformulated gasolines: 

------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Fuel property                       Acceptable range                   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oxygen..........  0.0-4.0 weight percent.                               
Sulfur..........  0.0-500.0 parts per million by weight.                
RVP.............  6.4-10.0 pounds per square inch.                      
E200............  30.0-70.0 percent evaporated.                         
E300............  70.0-100.0 percent evaporated.                        
Aromatics.......  0.0-50.0 volume percent.                              
Olefins.........  0.0-25.0 volume percent.                              
Benzene.........  0.0-2.0 volume percent.                               
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For conventional gasoline:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Fuel property                       Acceptable range                   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oxygen..........  0.0-4.0 weight percent.                               
Sulfur..........  0.0-1000.0 parts per million by weight.               
RVP.............  6.4-11.0 pounds per square inch.                      
E200............  30.0-70.0 percent evaporated.                         
E300............  70.0-100.0 percent evaporated.                        
Aromatics.......  0.0-550 volume percent.                               
Olefins.........  0.0-30.0 volume percent.                              
Benzene.........  0.0-4.9 volume percent.                               
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    5. Section 80.46 is amended by revising the table in paragraph 
(f)(1)(ii)(K) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.46  Measurement of reformulated gasoline fuel parameters.

* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) * * *
    (K) * * *

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                       Boiling  
             Compound                  Concentration        CAS No.       AMU      Retention time       point,  
                                         (percent)                                                      deg.C   
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benzene...........................  2.25 vol..........         71-43-2       78  18.9 min..........         80.1
Methylbenzene.....................  10.0 vol..........        108-88-3       91  25.5 min..........          111
Ethylbenzene......................  5.0 vol...........        100-41-4       91  34.1 min..........        136.2
1,3-Dimethylbenzene...............  5 vol.............        108-38-3       91  35.1 min..........      136-138
1,4-Dimethylbenzene...............                            106-42-3                                          
1,2-dimethylbenzene...............  10 vol............         95-47-6       91  38.1 min..........          144
(1-methylethyl)-benzene...........  2.25 vol..........         98-82-8      105  42.8 min..........  ...........
Propylbenzene.....................  2.25 vol..........        103-65-1       91  48.0 min..........        159.2
1-ethyl-2-methylbenzene...........  2.25 vol..........        611-14-3      105  49.3 min..........          165
1,2,4-trimethylbenzene............  2.25 vol..........         95-63-6      105  50.9 min..........          169
1,2,3-trimethylbenzene............  2.25 vol..........        526-73-8      105  53.3 min..........  ...........
1,3-diethylbenzene................  2.25 vol..........        141-93-5      119  56.6 min..........          181
Butylbenzene......................  2.25 vol..........        104-51-8       91  60.7 min..........          183
o-Cymene..........................  2.25 vol..........        527-84-4      119  63.9 min..........  ...........
1-ethyl-3-methylbenzene...........  2.25 vol..........        620-14-4      105  64.2 min..........  ...........
m-Cymene..........................  2.25 vol..........        535-77-3      119  69.0 min..........  ...........
p-Cymene..........................  2.25 vol..........         99-87-6      119  73.0 min..........  ...........
Isobutylbenzene...................  2.25 vol..........        538-93-2       91  75.0 min..........  ...........
Indan.............................  2.25 vol..........        496-11-7      117  50.0 min..........  ...........
1-methyl-3-propylbenzene..........  2.25 vol..........       1074-43-7      105  78.9 min..........  ...........
2-ethyl-1,4-dimethylbenzene.......  2.25 vol..........       1758-88-9      119  83.2 min..........          187
1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene........  2.25 vol..........         95-93-2      119  83.4 min..........  ...........
1-ethyl-2,4-dimethylbenzene.......  2.25 vol..........        874-41-9      119  85.7 min..........  ...........
(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-              2.25 vol..........      27138-21-2      133  87.3 min..........  ...........
 methylbenzene.                                                                                                 
1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylbenzene.......  2.25 vol..........        933-98-2      119  88.7 min..........  ...........
1-ethyl-1,4-dimethylbenzene.......  2.25 vol..........        874-41-9      119  94.9 min..........  ...........
2-ethyl-1,3-dimethylbenzene.......  2.25 vol..........       2870-04-4      119  100.9 min.........  ...........
1-ethyl-3,5-dimethylbenzene.......  2.25 vol..........        934-74-7      119  102.5 min.........  ...........
1,2,3,5-tetramethylbenzene........  2.25 vol..........        527-53-7      119  115.9 min.........  ...........
Pentylbenzene.....................  2.25 vol..........        538-68-1       91  116 min...........  ...........
Naphthalene.......................  2.25 vol..........        191-20-3      128  118.4 min.........          198
3,5-dimethyl-t-butylbenzene.......  2.25 vol..........         98-19-1      147  118.5 min.........        205.3
1-methylnaphthalene...............  2.25 vol..........         90-12-0      142  129.0 min.........  ...........
2-methylnaphthalene...............  2.25 vol..........         91-57-6      142  131.0 min.........  ...........
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    6. In Sec. 80.48, paragraph (c)(1) introductory text is revised, 
the last sentence in paragraph (c)(1)(v) is revised, a concluding 
sentence is added to paragraph (c)(2)(iii), and paragraph (g) is 
revised to read as follows:


Sec. 80.48  Augmentation of the complex emission model by vehicle 
testing.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (1) The analysis shall fit a regression model to the natural 
logarithm of emissions measured from addition fuels 1, 2, and 3 only 
(as specified at Sec. 80.49(a) and adjusted as per paragraph (c)(1)(iv) 
of this section and Sec. 80.49(d)) that includes the following terms:
* * * * *
    (v) * * * If, after dropping the Bi term and re-estimating the 
model, the Ai term does not satisfy these criteria, then both 
terms shall be dropped, all test data shall be reported to EPA, and the 
augmentation request shall be denied.
    (2) * * *
    (iii) * * * The Administrator shall make available upon request 
existing complex model terms and coefficients in centered form.
* * * * *
    (g) EPA reserves the right to analyze the data generated during 
vehicle testing, to use such analyses to determine the validity of 
other augmentation petitions, and to use such data to update the 
complex model for use in certifying all reformulated gasolines.
* * * * *
    7. In Sec. 80.49, the table in paragraph (a)(5)(i) is revised, and 
paragraph (b)(3)(iii) is revised to read as follows:


Sec. 80.49  Fuels to be used in augmenting the complex emission model 
through vehicle testing.

    (a) * * *
    (5) * * *
    (i) * * * 

------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Fuel parameter                  Measurement uncertainty      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
API gravity........................   0.2  deg.API          
Sulfur content.....................   10 ppm                
Benzene content....................   0.02 vol %            
RVP................................   0.05 psi              
Octane.............................   0.2 (R+M/2)           
E200 level.........................   2 %                   
E300 level.........................   2 %                   
Oxygenate content..................   0.2 vol %             
Aromatics content..................   0.5 vol %             
Olefins content....................   0.3 vol %             
Saturates content..................   1.0 vol %             
Detergent control Additives........   2% of the level       
                                      required by EPA's detergents rule.
                                                                        
------------------------------------------------------------------------

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (iii) All other parameters shall be present at the levels specified 
in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section.
* * * * *
    8. In Sec. 80.59, the last sentence in paragraph (a) is revised to 
read as follows:


Sec. 80.59  General test fleet requirements for vehicle testing.

    (a) * * * To be technologically equivalent vehicles at minimum must 
have closed-loop systems and possess adaptive learning.
* * * * *
    9. Section 80.65 is amended by revising paragraphs (d)(2)(iii), 
(d)(2)(v)(B), (d)(2)(vi), (d)(3), the third sentence of (e)(1), the 
table in (e)(2)(i), paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(A), (f)(4) introductory text, 
and paragraph (h) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.65  General requirements for refiners, importers, and oxygenate 
blenders.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (iii) Reformulated gasoline (but not RBOB) must be designated 
either as oxygenated fuels program reformulated gasoline, or not 
oxygenated fuels program reformulated gasoline.
    (A) Gasoline must be designated as oxygenated fuels program 
reformulated gasoline if such gasoline:
    (1) Has an oxygen content that is greater than or equal to 2.0 
weight percent; and
    (2) Arrives at a terminal from which gasoline is dispensed into 
trucks used to deliver gasoline to an oxygenated fuels control area 
within five days prior to the beginning of the oxygenated fuels control 
period for that control area.
    (B) Gasoline may be designated as oxygenated fuels program 
reformulated gasoline if such gasoline has an oxygen content that is 
greater than or equal to 2.0 weight percent, regardless of whether the 
gasoline is intended for use in any oxygenated fuels program control 
area during an oxygenated fuels program control period.
* * * * *
    (v) * * *
    (B) NOX emissions performance in the case of gasoline 
certified using the complex model.
* * * * *
    (vi) In the case of RBOB, as RBOB suitable for blending with:
    (A) Any oxygenate;
    (B) Ether only; or
    (C) Other specified oxygenate type(s) and amount(s).
    (3) Every batch of reformulated or conventional gasoline or RBOB 
produced or imported at each refinery or import facility, or each batch 
of blendstock produced and sold or transferred if blendstock accounting 
is required under Sec. 80.102(e), shall be assigned a number (the 
``batch number''), consisting of the EPA- assigned refiner, importer or 
oxygenate blender registration number, the EPA-assigned facility 
registration number, the last two digits of the year in which the batch 
was produced, and a unique number for the batch, beginning with the 
number one for the first batch produced or imported each calendar year 
and each subsequent batch during the calendar year being assigned the 
next sequential number (e.g., 4321- 54321-95-000001, 4321-54321-95-
000002, etc.).
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (1) * * * A batch of simple model reformulated gasoline may be 
released by the refiner or importer prior to the receipt of the 
refiner's or importer's test results except for test results for oxygen 
and benzene, and RVP in the case of VOC-controlled gasoline.
    (2) * * *
    (i) * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     Fuel property                           Range      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sulfur content........................................  25 ppm          
Aromatics content.....................................  2.7 vol %       
Olefins content.......................................  2.5 vol %       
Benzene content.......................................  0.21 vol %      
Ethanol content.......................................  0.4 vol %       
Methanol content......................................  0.2 vol %       
MTBE (and other methyl ethers) content................  0.6 vol %       
ETBE (and other ethyl ethers) content.................  0.6 vol %       
TAME..................................................  0.6 vol %       
t-Butanol content.....................................  0.6 vol %       
RVP...................................................  0.3 psi         
50% distillation (T50)................................  5  deg.F        
90% distillation (T90)................................  5  deg.F        
E200..................................................  2.5 vol %       
E300..................................................  3.5 vol %       
API Gravity...........................................  0.3  deg.API    
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (ii) * * *
    (A) The larger of the two values for the property, except the 
smaller of the two results shall be used for oxygenates; or
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (4) Any refiner that produces reformulated gasoline using computer-
controlled in-line blending equipment is exempt from the independent 
sampling and testing requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) 
through (3) of this section and from the requirement of paragraph 
(e)(1) of this section to obtain test results for each batch prior to 
the gasoline leaving the refinery, provided that such refiner:
* * * * *
    (h) Compliance audits. Any refiner and importer of any 
reformulated gasoline or RBOB, and any oxygenate blender of any RBOB 
who meets the oxygen standard on average, shall have the 
reformulated gasoline and RBOB it produced, imported, or blended 
during each calendar year audited for compliance with the 
requirements of this subpart D, in accordance with the requirements 
of subpart F, at the conclusion of each calendar year.
* * * * *
    10. Section 80.66 is amended by revising paragraphs (g)(1) and 
(g)(2)(ii) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.66  Calculation of reformulated gasoline properties.

* * * * *
    (g)(1) Per gallon values for VOC and NOX emissions reduction 
shall be calculated using the methodology specified in Sec. 80.45 that 
is appropriate for the gasoline.
    (2) * * *
    (ii) For gasoline subject to the complex model, the methodology 
specified in Sec. 80.45 that is appropriate for the gasoline.
* * * * *
    11. Section 80.68 is amended by:
    a. revising paragraphs (c)(8)(ii)(A), (c)(9)(ii)(A), (c)(9)(ii)(B), 
(c)(10)(i);
    b. redesignating paragraph (c)(12) as paragraph (c)(13), and 
removing the first two sentences in the newly redesignated (c)(13) 
introductory text;
    c. by adding a new paragraph (c)(12); and
    d. revising paragraphs (c)(13)(v)(G), (H) and (L).
    The additions and revisions are set out to read as follows:


Sec. 80.68  Compliance surveys.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (8) * * *
    (ii) * * *
    (A) For each complex model sample from the survey series, the VOC 
emissions reduction percentage shall be determined based upon the 
tested parameter values for that sample and the appropriate methodology 
for calculating VOC emissions reduction at Sec. 80.45;
* * * * *
    (9) * * *
    (ii) * * *
    (A) For each complex model sample from the survey series, the 
toxics emissions reduction percentage shall be determined based upon 
the tested parameter values for that sample and the appropriate 
methodology for calculating toxics emissions reduction at Sec. 80.45;
    (B) The annual average of the toxics emissions reduction 
percentages for all samples from a survey series shall be calculated 
according to the formula specified in paragraph (c)(9)(i)(B) of this 
section; and
* * * * *
    (10) * * *
    (i) For each sample from the survey and survey series, the NOX 
emissions reduction percentage shall be determined based upon the 
tested parameter values for that sample and the appropriate methodology 
for calculating NOX emissions reduction at Sec. 80.45; and
* * * * *
    (12) For any oxygen content survey series conducted in any covered 
area the average oxygen content for all samples from the survey series 
shall be calculated. If this annual average is less than 2.00 percent 
by weight, the covered area shall have failed an oxygen survey series.
    (13) * * *
    (v) * * *
    (G) The results of the analyses of simple model samples for 
oxygenate type and oxygen weight percent, benzene content, aromatic 
hydrocarbon content, and RVP, the calculated toxics emission reduction 
percentage, and for each survey conducted during the period June 1 
through September 15 the VOC emissions reduction percentage calculated 
using the methodology specified in paragraph (c)(8)(i) of this section;
    (H) The results of the analyses of complex model samples for 
oxygenate type and oxygen weight percent, benzene, aromatic 
hydrocarbon, and olefin content, E-200, E-300, and RVP, the calculated 
NOX and toxics emissions reduction percentage, and for each survey 
conducted during the period June 1 through September 15 the calculated 
VOC emissions reduction percentage, except that beginning on January 1, 
2000 NOX emissions reduction percentages must be reported only for 
surveys conducted outside the period June 1 through September 15;
* * * * *
    (L) The average toxics emissions reduction percentage for simple 
model samples and the percentage for complex model samples, the average 
benzene and oxygen percentages, and for each survey conducted during 
the period June 1 through September 15, the average VOC emissions 
reduction percentage for simple model samples and the percentage for 
complex model samples, the average NOX emissions reduction 
percentage for all complex model samples collected prior to January 1, 
2000, and the average NOX emissions reduction percentage for 
samples collected outside the period June 1 through September 15 
beginning on January 1, 2000;
* * * * *
    12. Section 80.69 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(7)(ii) 
introductory text and (b)(3) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.69  Requirements for downstream oxygenate blending.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (7) * * *
    (ii) In the event the test results for any sample indicate the 
gasoline does not comply with applicable standards (within the 
correlation ranges specified in Sec. 80.65(e)(2)(i)), the refiner or 
importer shall:
* * * * *
    (b) * * *
     (3) Meet the standard requirements specified in Sec. 80.65(c) and 
Sec. 80.67(f), the record keeping requirements specified in Sec. 80.74, 
and the reporting requirements specified in Sec. 80.75; and
* * * * *
    13. Section 80.70 is amended by revising paragraphs (d)(3)(viii) 
and (d)(3)(ix), adding paragraphs (d)(3)(x) and (d)(3)(xi), by revising 
paragraphs (j)(4)(i), (j)(4)(ii), (j)(10)(iv), (j)(11)(i), and 
(j)(14)(xvii) and by removing paragraph (j)(15) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.70  Covered areas.

* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (viii) Suffolk;
    (ix) Westchester;
    (x) Orange; and
    (xi) Putnam.
* * * * *
    (j) * * *
    (4) * * *
    (i) Portion of Bullitt County described as follows:
    (A) Beginning at the intersection of Ky 1020 and the Jefferson-
Bullitt County Line proceeding to the east along the county line to the 
intersection of county road 567 and the Jefferson-Bullitt County Line;
    (B) Proceeding south on county road 567 to the junction with Ky 
1116 (also known as Zoneton Road);
    (C) Proceeding to the south on KY 1116 to the junction with Hebron 
Lane;
    (D) Proceeding to the south on Hebron Lane to Cedar Creek;
    (E) Proceeding south on Cedar Creek to the confluence of Floyds 
Fork turning southeast along a creek that meets Ky 44 at Stallings 
Cemetery;
    (F) Proceeding west along Ky 44 to the eastern most point in the 
Shepherdsville city limits;
    (G) Proceeding south along the Shepherdsville city limits to the 
Salt River and west to a point across the river from Mooney Lane;
    (H) Proceeding south along Mooney Lane to the junction of Ky 480;
    (I) Proceeding west on Ky 480 to the junction with Ky 2237;
    (J) Proceeding south on Ky 2237 to the junction with Ky 61 and 
proceeding north on Ky 61 to the junction with Ky 1494;
    (K) Proceeding south on Ky 1494 to the junction with the perimeter 
of the Fort Knox Military Reservation;
    (L) Proceeding north along the military reservation perimeter to 
Castleman Branch Road;
    (M) Proceeding north on Castleman Branch Road to Ky 44;
    (N) Proceeding a very short distance west on Ky 44 to a junction 
with Ky 1020; and
    (O) Proceeding north on Ky 1020 to the beginning.
    (ii) Portion of Oldham County described as follows:
    (A) Beginning at the intersection of the Oldham-Jefferson County 
Line with the southbound lane of Interstate 71;
    (B) Proceeding to the northeast along the southbound lane of 
Interstate 71 to the intersection of Ky 329 and the southbound lane of 
Interstate 71;
    (C) Proceeding to the northwest on Ky 329 to the intersection of 
Zaring Road on Ky 329;
    (D) Proceeding to the east-northeast on Zaring Road to the junction 
of Cedar Point Road and Zaring Road;
    (E) Proceeding to the north-northeast on Cedar Point Road to the 
junction of Ky 393 and Cedar Point Road;
    (F) Proceeding to the south-southeast on Ky 393 to the junction of 
county road 746 (the road on the north side of Reformatory Lake and the 
Reformatory);
    (G) Proceeding to the east-northeast on county road 746 to the 
junction with Dawkins Lane (also known as Saddlers Mill Road) and 
county road 746;
    (H) Proceeding to follow an electric power line east-northeast 
across from the junction of county road 746 and Dawkins Lane to the 
east-northeast across Ky 53 on to the La Grange Water Filtration Plant;
    (I) Proceeding on to the east-southeast along the power line then 
south across Fort Pickens Road to a power substation on Ky 146;
    (J) Proceeding along the power line south across Ky 146 and the 
Seaboard System Railroad track to adjoin the incorporated city limits 
of La Grange;
    (K) Then proceeding east then south along the La Grange city limits 
to a point abutting the north side of Ky 712;
    (L) Proceeding east-southeast on Ky 712 to the junction of Massie 
School Road and Ky 712;
    (M) Proceeding to the south-southwest and then north-northwest on 
Massie School Road to the junction of Ky 53 and Massie School Road;
    (N) Proceeding on Ky 53 to the north-northwest to the junction of 
Moody Lane and Ky 53;
    (O) Proceeding on Moody Lane to the south-southwest until meeting 
the city limits of La Grange;
    (P) Then briefly proceeding north following the La Grange city 
limits to the intersection of the northbound lane of Interstate 71 and 
the La Grange city limits;
    (Q) Proceeding southwest on the northbound lane of Interstate 71 
until intersecting with the North Fork of Currys Fork;
    (R) Proceeding south-southwest beyond the confluence of Currys Fork 
to the south-southwest beyond the confluence of Floyds Fork continuing 
on to the Oldham-Jefferson County Line; and
    (S) Proceeding northwest along the Oldham-Jefferson County Line to 
the beginning.
* * * * *
    (10) * * *
    (iv) The portion of Essex County that consists of the portion of 
Whiteface Mountain above 4,500 feet in elevation.
* * * * *
    (11) * * *
    (i) Allegheny;
* * * * *
    (14) * * *
    (xvii) Richmond;
* * * * *
    14. Section 80.75 is amended by revising paragraphs (b), 
(f)(2)(ii)(A) (1), and (j) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.75  Reporting requirements.

* * * * *
    (b) Reports for gasoline or RBOB produced or imported under the 
simple model.
    (1) RVP averaging reports.
    (i) Any refiner or importer that produced or imported any 
reformulated gasoline or RBOB under the simple model that was to meet 
RVP standards on average (``averaged reformulated gasoline'') shall 
submit to the Administrator, with the third quarterly report, a report 
for each refinery or importer for such averaged reformulated gasoline 
or RBOB produced or imported during the previous RVP averaging period. 
This information shall be reported separately for the following 
categories:
    (A) Gasoline or RBOB which is designated as VOC-controlled intended 
for areas in VOC-Control Region 1; and
    (B) Gasoline or RBOB which is designated as VOC-controlled intended 
for VOC-Control Region 2.
    (ii) The following information shall be reported:
    (A) The total volume of averaged reformulated gasoline or RBOB in 
gallons;
    (B) The compliance total value for RVP; and
    (C) The actual total value for RVP.
    (2) Sulfur, NOX and T90 averaging reports.
    (i) Any refiner or importer that produced or imported any 
reformulated gasoline or RBOB under the simple model shall submit to 
the Administrator, with the fourth quarterly report, a report for such 
reformulated gasoline or RBOB produced or imported during the previous 
year:
    (A) For each refinery or importer; or
    (B) In the case of refiners who operate more than one refinery, for 
each grouping of refineries as designated by the refiner pursuant to 
Sec. 80.41(h)(2)(iii).
    (ii) The following information shall be reported:
    (A) The total volume of reformulated gasoline or RBOB in gallons;
    (B) The applicable sulfur content standard under 
Sec. 80.41(h)(2)(i) in parts per million;
    (C) The average sulfur content in parts per million;
    (D) The applicable olefin content standard under 
Sec. 80.41(h)(2)(i) in volume percent;
    (E) The average olefin content in volume percent;
    (F) The applicable T90 distillation point standard under 
Sec. 80.41(h)(2)(i) in degrees Fahrenheit; and
    (G) The average T90 distillation point in degrees Fahrenheit.
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (ii) * * *
    (A) * * *
    (1) Gasoline which is designated as VOC-controlled and oxygenated 
fuels program reformulated gasoline (OPRG);
* * * * *
    (j) Additional reporting requirements for certain importers. In the 
case of any importer to whom different standards apply for gasoline 
imported at different facilities by operation of Sec. 80.41(q)(2), such 
importer shall submit separate reports for gasoline imported into 
facilities subject to different standards.
* * * * *
    15. Section 80.76 is amended by revising paragraphs (c)(2), (c)(3) 
introductory text, (c)(3)(i), and (c)(3)(ii) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.76  Registration of refiners, importers or oxygenate blenders.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (2) For each separate refinery and oxygenate blending facility, the 
facility name, physical location, contact name, telephone number, and 
type of facility; and
    (3) For each separate refinery and oxygenate blending facility, and 
for each importer's operations in a single PADD:
    (i) Whether records are kept on-site or off-site of the refinery or 
oxygenate blending facility, or in the case of importers, the 
registered address;
    (ii) If records are kept off-site, the primary off-site storage 
facility name, physical location, contact name, and telephone number; 
and
* * * * *
    16. Section 80.77 is amended by revising paragraphs (g)(2)(iii), 
(g)(2)(iv)(A) and (B), adding paragraph (g)(3), and by revising 
paragraph (h) introductory text to read as follows:


Sec. 80.77  Product transfer documentation.

* * * * *
    (g) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (iii) In the case of VOC-controlled gasoline subject to the simple 
model standards, RVP;
    (iv) * * *
     (A) Prior to January 1, 1998, the NOx emissions performance 
minimum, and for VOC-controlled gasoline the VOC emissions performance 
minimum, in milligrams per mile; and
    (B) Beginning on January 1, 1998, the NOx emissions performance 
minimum, and for VOC-controlled gasoline the VOC emissions performance 
minimum; and
    (3) Identification of VOC-controlled reformulated gasoline or RBOB 
as gasoline or RBOB which contains ethanol, or which does not contain 
any ethanol.
    (h) Prior to January 1, 1998, in the case of reformulated gasoline 
or RBOB subject to the complex model standards:
* * * * *
    17. Section 80.78 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(1)(v) (B) 
and (C) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.78  Controls and prohibitions on reformulated gasoline.

    (a) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (v) * * *
    (B) Unless each gallon of such gasoline that is subject to simple 
model standards has an RVP which is less than or equal to the 
applicable RVP maximum specified in Sec. 80.41;
    (C) Unless each gallon of such gasoline that is subject to complex 
model standards has a VOC and NOx emissions reduction percentage which 
is greater than or equal to the applicable minimum specified in 
Sec. 80.41.
* * * * *
    18. Section 80.81 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(2)(iii), 
(b)(4), and (h) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.81  Enforcement exemptions for California gasoline.

    (a) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (iii) Is imported into the State of California from inside the 
United States and that is manufactured at a refinery that does not 
produce reformulated gasoline for sale in any covered area outside the 
State of California.
    (b) * * *
    (4) The compliance demonstration required by paragraph (b)(3)(ii) 
of this section shall be submitted no later than May 31, 1996, along 
with the report for the first quarter of 1996 required to be submitted 
under Sec. 80.75(a)(1)(i).
* * * * *
    (h) For purposes of the batch sampling and analysis requirements 
contained in Sec. 80.65(e)(1), any refiner, importer or oxygenate 
blender of California gasoline may, with regard to such gasoline, use a 
sampling and/or analysis methodology prescribed in Title 13, California 
Code of Regulations, sections 2260 et seq., in lieu of any applicable 
methodology specified in Sec. 80.46.
* * * * *
    19. In Sec. 80.90, the equation in paragraph (b)(1) is revised, and 
paragraph (e)(2) is revised to read as follows:


Sec. 80.90  Conventional gasoline baseline emissions determination.

* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *

EXHBEN = (1.884 + 0.949xBZ + 0.113x(AR - BZ))
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (2) The annual average baseline NOX emissions of the facility 
shall be determined using the emissions values determined in paragraph 
(e)(1) of this section in the equation specified in paragraph (a) of 
this section.
* * * * *
    20. Section 80.91 is amended by:
    a. adding paragraph (c)(5)(iv);
    b. adding a sentence to the end of paragraph (d)(1)(i)(A) 
introductory text;
    c. revising paragraph (d)(1)(i)(A)(1), and revising the last 
sentence in paragraph (d)(1)(i)(B);
    d. revising the equation and the definition of Tjs in 
paragraph (e)(2)(iv), and revising the definition of Tjs in 
paragraph (e)(2)(v)(A);
    e. revising the equations in paragraphs (e)(4)(i) (A) and (B), and 
the equation and definition of UV in paragraph (e)(4)(ii)(A) and the 
equation in paragraph (e)(4)(ii)(B);
    f. revising the second sentence of paragraph (e)(5)(vi);
    g. adding paragraphs (e)(5)(vi)(A) and (e)(5)(vi)(B);
    h. and i. revising paragraph (e)(5)(vii) introductory text, and 
revising paragraph (e)(5)(viii);
    j. and k. revising paragraph (e)(7)(i)(A);
    l. revising paragraphs (e)(7)(i)(C) and (f)(2)(ii); and
    m. adding paragraph (e)(7)(i)(D).
    The revisions and additions are set out to read as follows:


Sec. 80.91  Individual baseline determination.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (5) * * *
    (iv) The annual average anti-dumping statutory baseline shall have 
the following set of emission values:

Exhaust benzene emissions, simple model--6.45
Exhaust benzene emissions, complex model--33.03 mg/mile
Exhaust toxics emissions, Phase I--50.67 mg/mile
Exhaust toxics emissions, Phase II--104.5 mg/mile
NOX emissions, Phase I--714.4 mg/mile
NOX emissions, Phase II--1461. mg/mile

    (d) * * *
     (1) * * *
    (i) * * *
    (A) * * * When method 1 per batch RVP data is available, a month is 
considered equivalent to 4 weeks of seasonal data.
    (1) Method 1, per batch, actual RVP data will be used to define 
that batch as either summer fuel or winter fuel. Summer fuel is defined 
as fuel produced and intended for sale to satisfy federal summer 
volatility standards. When such per batch actual RVP data is not 
available, data is allocated per month as follows. A summer month is 
defined as any month during which more than 50 percent (by volume) of 
the gasoline produced by a refiner met the federal summer gasoline 
volatility requirements. Winter shall be any month which could not be 
considered a summer month under this definition.
* * * * *
    (B) * * * In any case, all data collected through the date of 
collection of the last data point included in the determination of a 
baseline fuel parameter value must be utilized in the baseline 
determination of that fuel parameter.
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (iv) * * *

TR20JY94.000

* * * * *
Tjs = total 1990 volume of blendstock j used in the refinery's 
season s gasoline
* * * * *
    (v) * * *
    (A) * * *
Tjs = total 1990 volume of blendstock j used in the refinery's 
season s gasoline
* * * * *
    (4) * * *
    (i) * * *
    (A) * * *
UV = [AV/(100-OV)] x 100

TR20JY94.001

* * * * *
    (B) * * *
* * * * *
    (ii) * * *
    (A) * * *
AV = UV x (100-OV)/100
* * * * *
UV = non-oxygenated parameter value
* * * * *
    (B) * * *

TR20JY94.002

* * * * *
    (5) * * *
    (vi) * * *Such data shall be used in the determination of the 
baseline value, due to the work-in-progress, of each of the fuel 
parameters specified in Sec. 80.91(a)(2)(i) and as verification of the 
effect of the work-in-progress.
    (A) The baseline value, due to the work-in-progress, of each of the 
fuel parameters specified in Sec. 80.91(a)(2)(i) shall be used in the 
determination of the emissions specified in Sec. 80.90.
    (B) The baseline values of sulfur, olefins and E300, due to the 
work-in-progress, shall be used in the determination of the emissions 
specified in Sec. 80.41(j)(3).
    (vii) The annual average baseline values of exhaust benzene 
emissions, per Sec. 80.90(b) and Sec. 80.90(c), exhaust toxics 
emissions, per Sec. 80.90(d), and NOX emissions, per 
Sec. 80.90(e), are the values resulting from the work-in-progress 
baseline adjustment, not to exceed the larger of:
* * * * *
    (viii) When compliance is achieved using the simple model, per 
Sec. 80.41 and/or Sec. 80.101, the baseline values of sulfur, olefins 
and T90 are the values resulting from the work-in-progress baseline 
adjustment, not to exceed the larger of:
    (A) The unadjusted annual average baseline value of each fuel 
parameter specified in paragraph (e)(5)(viii) of this section; or
    (B) The following values:
    (1) Sulfur, 355 ppm;
    (2) Olefins, 11.3 volume percent;
    (3) T90, 349  deg.F; or
    (C) An adjusted annual average baseline fuel parameter value for 
sulfur, olefins and T90 such that exhaust emissions of VOC, toxics, and 
NOX do not exceed the complex model emission levels specified in 
paragraph (e)(5)(vii)(B) of this section. In the petition for a work-
in-progress adjustment, the refiner shall specify sulfur, olefins and 
T90 values that meet these emission levels.
* * * * *
    (7) * * *
    (i) * * *
    (A) (1) The refinery is the only refinery of a refiner such that it 
cannot form an aggregate baseline with another refinery (per paragraph 
(f) of this section) and meets the requirements specified in paragraphs 
(e)(7)(i) (B) and (C); or
    (2) The refiner is a multi-refinery refiner where each of the 
refineries also meets the requirements specified in paragraphs 
(e)(7)(i) (B) and (D).
* * * * *
    (C) For single refinery refiners, the ratio of a refiner's 1990 JP-
4 production to its 1990 gasoline production must equal or exceed 0.2.
    (D) For multi-refinery refiners, the 1990 JP-4 production to 1990 
gasoline production ratio must equal or exceed 0.2. The ratio of a 
multi-refinery refiner must be calculated over all of its refineries 
(aggregated).
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (ii) If the baseline fuel value for aromatics, olefins, and/or 
benzene (determined per paragraph (e) of this section) is higher than 
the high end of the valid range limits specified in Sec. 80.42(c)(1) if 
compliance is being determined under the Simple Model, or in 
Sec. 80.45(f)(1)(ii) if compliance is being determined under the 
Complex Model, then the valid range limits may be extended for 
conventional gasoline in the following manner:
    (A) The new high end of the valid range for aromatics is determined 
from the following equation:

NAROLIM=AROBASE+5.0 volume percent

where

NAROLIM=The new high end of the valid range limit for aromatics, in 
volume percent
AROBASE=The seasonal baseline fuel value for aromatics, in volume 
percent
    (B) The new high end of the valid range for olefins is determined 
from the following equation:

NOLELIM=OLEBASE+3.0 volume percent

where

NOLELIM=The new high end of the valid range limit for olefins, in 
volume percent
OLEBASE=The seasonal baseline fuel value for olefins, in volume percent
    (C) The new high end of the valid range for benzene is determined 
from the following equation:

NBENLIM=BENBASE+0.5 volume percent

where

NBENLIM=The new high end of the valid range limit for benzene, in 
volume percent
BENBASE=The seasonal baseline fuel value for benzene, in volume percent
    (D) The extension of the valid range is limited to the applicable 
summer or winter season in which the baseline fuel values for 
aromatics, olefins, and/or benzene exceed the high end of the valid 
range as described in paragraph (f)(2)(ii) of this section. Also, the 
extension of the valid range is limited to use by the refiner whose 
baseline value for aromatics, olefins, and/or benzene was higher than 
the valid range limits as described in paragraph (f)(2)(ii) of this 
section.
    (E) Any extension of the Simple Model valid range limits is 
applicable only to the Simple Model. Likewise any extension of the 
Complex Model valid range limits is applicable only to the Complex 
Model.
    (F) The valid range extensions calculated in paragraphs 
(f)(2)(ii)(A), (B), and (C) of this section are applicable to both the 
baseline fuel and target fuel for the purposes of determining the 
compliance status of conventional gasolines. The extended valid range 
limit represents the maximum value for that parameter above which fuels 
cannot be evaluated with the applicable compliance model.
    (G) Under the Simple Model, baseline and compliance calculations 
shall subscribe to the following limitations:
    (1) If the aromatics valid range has been extended per paragraph 
(f)(2)(ii)(A) of this section, an aromatics value equal to the high end 
of the valid range specified in Sec. 80.42(c)(1) shall be used for the 
purposes of calculating the exhaust benzene fraction.
    (2) If the fuel benzene valid range has been extended per paragraph 
(f)(2)(ii)(C) of this section, a benzene value equal to the high end of 
the valid range specified in Sec. 80.42(c)(1) shall be used for the 
purposes of calculating the exhaust benzene fraction.
    (H) Under the Complex Model, baseline and compliance calculations 
shall subscribe to the following limitations:
    (1) If the aromatics valid range has been extended per paragraph 
(f)(2)(ii)(A) of this section, an aromatics value equal to the high end 
of the valid range specified in Sec. 80.45(f)(1)(ii) shall be used for 
the purposes of calculating emissions performances.
    (2) If the olefins valid range has been extended per paragraph 
(f)(2)(ii)(B) of this section, an olefins value equal to the high end 
of the valid range specified in Sec. 80.45(f)(1)(ii) shall be used for 
the target fuel for the purposes of calculating emissions performances.
    (3) If the benzene valid range has been extended per paragraph 
(f)(2)(ii)(C) of this section, a benzene value equal to the high end of 
the valid range specified in Sec. 80.45(f)(1)(ii) shall be used for the 
target fuel for the purposes of calculating emissions performances.
* * * * *
    21. In Sec. 80.93, the first sentence of paragraph (a)(3)(ii) is 
revised, and paragraph (a)(3)(iv) is added, and paragraph (c)(9) is 
revised as follows:


Sec. 80.93  Individual baseline submission and approval.

    (a) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (ii) Petitions, `showings,' and other associated proof may be 
submitted to EPA prior to submittal of the individual baseline (per 
paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this section). * * *
* * * * *
    (iv) Petitions submitted prior to the deadline for baseline 
submittals shall be submitted to the EPA at the following address: 
Fuels Studies and Standards Branch, Baseline Petition, U.S. EPA, 2565 
Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105.
* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (9) Other baseline information. Narrative discussing any aspects of 
the baseline determination not already indicated per the requirements 
of paragraph (c)(8) of this section shall be provided.
* * * * *
    22. Section 80.101 is amended by revising paragraphs (e)(3), 
(f)(4)(i), (f)(4)(ii), (g)(1), and (i)(1) introductory text to read as 
follows:


Sec. 80.101  Standards applicable to refiners and importers.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (3) California gasoline as defined in Sec. 80.81(a)(2); and
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (4) * * *
    (i) If the total volume of the conventional gasoline, RBOB, 
reformulated gasoline, and California gasoline as defined in 
Sec. 80.81(a)(2), produced or imported by any refiner or importer 
during the averaging period is equal to or less than that refiner's or 
importer's 1990 baseline volume as determined under Sec. 80.91(f)(1), 
the compliance baseline for each parameter or emissions performance 
shall be that refiner's or importer's individual 1990 baseline; or
    (ii) If the total volume of the conventional gasoline, RBOB, 
reformulated gasoline, and California gasoline as defined in 
Sec. 80.81(a)(2), produced or imported by any refiner or importer 
during the averaging period is greater than that refiner's or 
importer's 1990 baseline volume as determined under Sec. 80.91(f)(1), 
the compliance baseline for each parameter or emissions performance 
shall be calculated according to the following formula:

TR20JY94.003

where

CBi=the compliance baseline value for parameter or emissions 
performance i
Bi=the refiner's or importer's individual baseline value for 
parameter or emissions performance i calculated according to the 
methodology in Sec. 80.91
DBi=the anti-dumping statutory baseline value for parameter or 
emissions performance i, as specified at Sec. 80.91(c)(5)(iii) or 
(c)(5)(iv), respectively
V1990=the 1990 baseline volume as determined under 
Sec. 80.91(f)(1)
Va=the total volume of reformulated gasoline, conventional 
gasoline, RBOB, and California gasoline as defined in Sec. 80.81(a)(2) 
produced or imported by a refiner or importer during the averaging 
period
    (g) * * *
    (1) (i) Simple model calculations. In the case of any refiner or 
importer subject to an individual refinery baseline, the annual average 
value for each parameter or emissions performance during the averaging 
period, calculated according to the following methodologies, shall be 
less than or equal to the refiner's or importer's standard under 
paragraph (b) of this section for that parameter.
    (A) The average value for sulfur, T-90, olefin, benzene, and 
aromatics for an averaging period shall be calculated as follows:

TR20JY94.004

where

APARM=the average value for the parameter being evaluated
Vi=the volume of conventional gasoline or other products included under 
paragraph (d) of this section, in batch i
PARMi=the value of the parameter being evaluated for batch i as 
determined in accordance with the test methods specified in Sec. 80.46
n=the number of batches of conventional gasoline and other products 
included under paragraph (d) of this section produced or imported 
during the averaging period
SGi=specific gravity of batch i (only applicable for sulfur)
    (B) Exhaust benzene emissions under the Simple Model for an 
averaging period are calculated as follows:

TR20JY94.005

where

EXHBEN = the average exhaust benzene emissions for the averaging period
BZ = the average benzene content for the averaging period, calculated 
per paragraph (g)(1)(i)(A) of this section
AR = the average aromatics content for the averaging period, calculated 
per paragraph (g)(1)(i)(A) of this section
    (ii) Complex model calculations. Exhaust benzene, exhaust toxics, 
and exhaust NOX emissions performance for each batch shall be 
calculated in accordance with the applicable model under Sec. 80.45.
* * * * *
    (i) * * *
    (1) Any refiner or importer shall for each batch of conventional 
gasoline, and other products if included in paragraph (d) of this 
section:
* * * * *
    23. Section 80.102 is amended by revising the formula in paragraph 
(b)(1) and the definition of Vbs, the formula in paragraph 
(d)(1)(i) and the definitions of Vbs and Vg, the formula in 
paragraph (d)(2)(i) and the definition of Vg,i, paragraph 
(d)(3)(iv), adding paragraph (d)(3)(v), and revising paragraphs 
(e)(2)(i) and (f)(2)(i) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.102   Controls applicable to blendstocks.

* * * * *
    (b)(1) * * *

TR20JY94.006

* * * * *
Vbs = Volume of applicable blendstock produced or imported and 
transferred to others during the calendar year, and used to produce 
gasoline
* * * * *
    (d) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (i) * * *

TR20JY94.007

* * * * *
Vbs = Volume of applicable blendstock produced or imported and 
subsequently transferred to others during the averaging period
Vg = Volume of conventional gasoline, reformulated gasoline and 
RBOB produced or imported during the averaging period, excluding 
California gasoline as defined in Sec. 80.81(a)(2)
* * * * *
    (2) * * *
    (i) * * *

TR20JY94.008

* * * * *
Vg,i = Volume of conventional gasoline, reformulated gasoline and 
RBOB produced or imported during averaging period i, excluding 
California gasoline as defined in Sec. 80.81(a)(2)
* * * * *
    (3) * * *
    (iv) Transferred between refineries which have been grouped 
pursuant to Sec. 80.101(h) by a refiner for the purpose of determining 
compliance under this subpart; or
    (v) Used to produce California gasoline as defined in 
Sec. 80.81(a)(2).
* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (i) Include all blendstocks produced or imported and transferred to 
others in its compliance calculations under Sec. 80.101(g) for two 
averaging periods beginning on January 1 of the averaging period 
subsequent to the averaging period when the exceedance occurs;
* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (i) EPA may grant the waiver referred to in paragraph (f)(1)(iii) 
of this section if the level of blendstock production was the result of 
extreme or unusual circumstances (e.g., a natural disaster or act of 
God) which clearly are outside the control of the refiner or importer, 
and which could not have been avoided by the exercise of prudence, 
diligence, and due care.
* * * * *
    24. Section 80.104 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(2)(ix) to 
read as follows:


Sec. 80.104   Recordkeeping requirements.

* * * * *
    (a) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (ix) In the case of any refinery-produced or imported products 
listed in Sec. 80.102(a) that are excluded under Sec. 80.102(d)(3), 
documents which demonstrate that basis for exclusion; and
* * * * *
    25. Section 80.105 is amended by revising paragraph (a)(2) to read 
as follows:


Sec. 80.105   Reporting requirements.

    (a) * * *
    (2) (i) The total gallons of applicable blendstocks produced or 
imported and transferred to others that are not excluded under 
Sec. 80.102(d)(3); and
    (ii) The total gallons of applicable blendstocks produced or 
imported and transferred to others that are excluded under 
Sec. 80.102(d)(3);
* * * * *
    26. Section 80.125 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as 
follows:


Sec. 80.125   Attest engagements.

    (a) Any refiner, importer, and oxygenate blender subject to the 
requirements of this subpart F shall engage an independent certified 
public accountant, or firm of such accountants (hereinafter referred to 
in this subpart F as ``CPA''), to perform an agreed-upon procedure 
attestation engagement of the underlying documentation that forms the 
basis of the reports required by Secs. 80.75 and 80.105.
* * * * *
    27. Section 80.128 is amended by revising paragraphs (e)(2), 
(e)(5), and (g)(3)(iii) to read as follows:


Sec. 80.128   Agreed upon procedures for refiners and importers.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (2) Determine that the requisite contract was in place with the 
downstream blender designating the required blending procedures, or 
that the refiner or importer accounted for the RBOB using the 
assumptions in Sec. 80.69(a)(9);
* * * * *
    (5) Agree the sampling and testing frequency of the refiner's or 
importer's downstream oxygenated blender quality assurance program with 
the sampling and testing rates as required in Sec. 80.69(a)(7).
* * * * *
    (g) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (iii) Obtain a listing from the refiner or importer of the batches 
of conventional gasoline or conventional sub-octane blendstock, and the 
compliance calculations which include oxygenate blended by the 
downstream oxygenate blender, and test the mathematical accuracy of the 
calculations contained in this listing;
* * * * *
    28. Section 80.129 is amended by revising paragraph (e) to read as 
follows:


Sec. 80.129   Agreed upon procedures for downstream oxygenate blenders.

* * * * *
    (e) Agree the sampling and testing frequency of the blender's 
quality assurance program with the sampling and testing rates required 
in Sec. 80.69.
[FR Doc. 94-17131 Filed 7-19-94; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P