[Federal Register Volume 59, Number 99 (Tuesday, May 24, 1994)]
[Unknown Section]
[Page 0]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 94-11879]


[[Page Unknown]]

[Federal Register: May 24, 1994]


_______________________________________________________________________

Part II





Department of Health and Human Services





_______________________________________________________________________



Public Health Service



_______________________________________________________________________



42 CFR Part 84




Respiratory Protective Devices; Proposed Rule
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Public Health Service

42 CFR Part 84

RIN 0905-AB58

 
Respiratory Protective Devices

AGENCY: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, HHS.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------

SUMMARY: This proposed rule addresses NIOSH's and the Department of 
Labor/Mine Safety and Health Administration's (MSHA) certification 
requirements for respiratory protective devices. Specifically, the 
proposal would replace existing MSHA regulations with new public health 
regulations, while also upgrading current testing requirements for 
particulate filters.
    This action is the first of a series of modules which will, over 
the next several years, upgrade current respirator requirements. This 
modular approach will allow improvements to be implemented on a 
priority basis as well as facilitate adaptation to new requirements by 
the manufacturers and users of respirators. Except for the particulate-
filter requirements, most requirements of existing regulations would be 
incorporated into the new regulations without change. The proposed 
testing requirements for particulate filters would significantly 
improve the current approach to evaluating the effectiveness of an air-
purifying respirator's filter to remove toxic particulates from the 
ambient air, updating existing provisions to be consistent with two 
decades of advances in respiratory protection technology.
    The certification of air-purifying respirators under these proposed 
requirements would also enable respirator users to select from a 
broader range of certified respirators that meet the current 
performance criteria recommended by CDC for respiratory devices used in 
health-care settings for protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 
the infectious agent that causes tuberculosis (TB).
    This Notice also announces an informal public meeting on the 
proposed rule, as indicated below.
    Elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register, MSHA is publishing 
a proposal to remove existing regulations at 30 CFR part 11, which 
would be made obsolete by a final rule resulting from this proposed 
rule.

DATES: Written comments must be received at the NIOSH Docket Office 
before the close of business on July 8, 1994. Interested persons 
wishing to provide oral comments at an informal public meeting should 
file a request for appearance with the NIOSH Docket Office no later 
than the close of business May 31, 1994. The informal public meeting 
will be held on June 7th and 8th, 1994, beginning both days at 9 a.m.

ADDRESSES: Comments on the proposed rule should be mailed in triplicate 
to the NIOSH Docket Office, Robert A. Taft Laboratories, Mail Stop C34, 
4676 Columbia Parkway, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226. Requests to participate 
in the public meeting should be mailed in duplicate to the NIOSH Docket 
Officer, at the same address. The informal public meeting will be held 
at the Holiday Inn/Capitol, 550 C St., SW., Washington, DC.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Richard W. Metzler, Chief, 
Certification and Quality Assurance Branch, Division of Safety 
Research, NIOSH, 944 Chestnut Ridge Road, Morgantown, West Virginia 
26505-2888; the telephone number is (304) 284-5713. Additional copies 
of this proposed rule can be obtained by calling the NIOSH toll-free 
information number (1-800-35-NIOSH). Arrangements have also been made 
for this proposed rule to be listed on the electronic bulletin boards 
of the Government Printing Office and of the Department of Labor; the 
telephone numbers are (202) 512-1387 and (202) 219-4784, respectively.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Paperwork Reduction Act

    Manufacturers seeking approval of respiratory protective devices 
would continue to be required to submit applications for approval, 
including related drawings, drawing lists, specifications, and 
descriptions. The paperwork burden for this application process is 
identical to that included in existing 30 CFR 11.10, previously 
approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB).
    However, those sections containing information collections are 
being submitted to OMB for review under section 3504(h) of the 
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980. Other organizations and individuals 
desiring to submit comments on the information collections should 
direct them to the NIOSH Docket Office and to the Office of Information 
and Regulatory Affairs; OMB, New Exectutive Office Building (Room 
3208), Washington, DC 20503, ATTN: Desk Officer for HHS/PHS/CDC/NIOSH.

II. Background

    The existing rules and procedures in 30 CFR Part 11 for approval of 
respiratory-protective devices, or respirators, evolved from rules and 
procedures developed by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of 
Mines (BOM). Until 1972, the BOM was solely responsible for testing and 
approving respirators. In 1972, Part 11 was published jointly by the 
BOM and NIOSH. This regulation replaced the BOM's rules and procedures, 
and delineated the responsibilities of the two agencies. Under this 
regulation, the BOM evaluated respirator performance, and NIOSH was 
responsible for administration of the quality control provisions. The 
BOM also tested the safety of electrical components of respirators for 
use in potentially explosive atmospheres in underground-gassy mines 
(intrinsic safety) under the requirements of 30 CFR part 18.
    A Memorandum of Understanding, dated May 30, 1972, between the two 
agencies refined their respective roles, and part 11 was amended in 
1973. Under this arrangement, NIOSH undertook primary responsibility 
for performance testing of respirators. Although all approvals 
continued to be issued jointly, the BOM primarily retained only the 
responsibility to test for intrinsic safety on the small number of 
respirators that had electrical components.
    The Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration, MSHA's 
predecessor agency, was created in 1974, and the responsibilities of 
the BOM under part 11 were transferred to that agency. Since MSHA was 
created in 1978, it has continued to test electrical components of 
respirators for intrinsic safety. MSHA has issued separate approvals 
for respirators meeting the requirements of 30 CFR part 18. While MSHA 
currently reviews applications for respirator certifications and has 
conducted some product evaluations, laboratory testing, quality 
assurance, and product audit for certain respirators, the principal 
testing and approval activities specified by part 11 are primarily 
conducted by NIOSH. NIOSH is proposing to redesignate the requirements 
for the certification of respiratory-protective devices of part 11 to 
part 84 of Title 42 (42 CFR part 84) under this action.
    Following promulgation of 30 CFR part 11 in 1972, NIOSH began 
conducting research in several areas of respiratory protection. 
Concurrently, NIOSH began to receive public input concerning the 
respirator-certification program.
    In December 1977, NIOSH conducted a public meeting to obtain 
comments on changes needed in 30 CFR part 11. In 1979, a group of 
outside consultants conducted a thorough review of the program. The 
report received from those consultants was published by NIOSH for 
further consideration by other interested persons, and a public meeting 
was held in July 1980 to obtain their comments on the program. In 
December 1981, the American National Standards Institute Z88 Committee 
on Respiratory Protection commented on 30 CFR part 11. In January 1982, 
the Mine Health Research Advisory Committee transmitted its 
recommendations to NIOSH for further changes to the program. Since 
1982, NIOSH has solicited and investigated reports of problems with 
NIOSH/MSHA-certified respirators with the purpose of obtaining direct 
public input into the approval program.
    Investigations, research, comments, and analyses were considered by 
NIOSH and MSHA in preparation of a proposed comprehensive revision to 
the approval requirements. These changes to existing requirements and 
tests were proposed as a new 42 CFR part 84, which was published on 
August 27, 1987 (52 FR 32402). Two public meetings were held to obtain 
comments on the proposal (in San Francisco, CA on January 20, 1988, and 
in Washington, D.C. on January 27-28, 1988). Two extensions of the 
public comment period were issued (52 FR 37639 and 53 FR 5595), with it 
ending on March 28, 1988. Concurrent with the publication of the 
proposed part 84, MSHA published a notice in the Federal Register (52 
FR 32313) proposing the withdrawal of 30 CFR part 11 upon final 
publication of 42 CFR part 84. Under that proposal, MSHA would have 
retained a consultative role in the approval of respirators used in 
mining in order to protect the health and safety of miners, 
particularly concerning mine rescue and mine emergency respirators.
    During the 7-month comment period following the publication of the 
proposed part 84, NIOSH received 271 comments on this comprehensive 
proposal. Since receiving these comments, NIOSH has been conducting 
investigations and research to consider the technical issues addressed 
in these comments. Delays have been experienced in finalizing a revised 
part 84 draft as a result of the number and diversity of the comments 
received. NIOSH determined that at least four major, and more than one 
hundred minor technical and administrative changes to the first 
comprehensive proposal would be required to adequately address all the 
areas of concern. Consequently, NIOSH has reevaluated its intent to 
develop and implement a single, comprehensive revision to the existing 
regulation of part 11.
    Instead, NIOSH intends to promulgate modifications to the existing 
requirements of 30 CFR part 11 in a series of modules. There are 
numerous benefits to utilizing a modular approach to promulgate the 
anticipated changes to the existing requirements. Among these are the 
following considerations:
    1. Improvements can be implemented on a priority basis, assuring 
that those expected to contribute most to improving worker protection 
are implemented first,
    2. Incremental promulgation of improvements should facilitate 
adaptation to new requirements by the respirator manufacturer and user 
communities, minimizing the potential for any disruption in the supply 
of certified respirators, and
    3. Public participation in the rulemaking process will be 
facilitated by proposing important regulatory changes in individual 
segments of separate rulemaking.
    The anticipated subjects and sequence of the NIOSH rulemaking, 
according to this modular approach are: 

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           Anticipated  
                     Subject area                         timetable for 
                                                          proposed rule 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Particulate Filter Tests..............................  May 1994.       
Assigned Protection Factors...........................  Late 1994.      
Administrative Program (application submittal and       Early 1995.     
 processing, fee structure, etc.).                                      
Quality Assurance Requirements........................  Early 1995.     
Gas and Vapor Requirements............................  Mid 1995.       
Positive Pressure SCBA Requirements...................  Early 1996.     
Simulated Workplace Protection Factor Test............  Early 1997.     
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    NIOSH is proposing a limited revision to the existing requirements 
of 30 CFR part 11 in this first ``module'', requiring updated 
particulate filter tests. These proposed changes would produce 
significant improvements in the level of protection provided to the 
wearers of the respiratory protective devices and would enable users to 
easily discern the level of protection that can be expected when using 
a particular respirator, with little impact on the certification 
process. NIOSH estimates that these changes to the particulate filter 
requirements will affect approximately 80% of all respirators currently 
marketed.
    These new filter requirements would update the existing 30 CFR part 
11 provisions to provide a particulate efficiency determination and 
classification system consistent with advances in respiratory 
protection technology. The tests to determine the respirator filter's 
particulate efficiency enable classification of the filters on their 
ability to inhibit the penetration of particulates of the most 
penetrating size. The effectiveness of a device to remove particulates 
from the ambient air would be reflected in a three-tiered 
classification system based on the filter's demonstrated efficiency. 
Classification of the filters in this manner eliminates the need to 
test and classify the filter respirator according to composition of 
contaminant (e.g., ``dust, fume, and mist'', ``asbestos''), since the 
penetration rate for particulates in the atmosphere, regardless of 
composition, will not exceed that of the test particulate. To revise 
respirator nomenclature to be consistent with this fundamental change 
in certification philosophy, the words ``dust, fume and mist'' have 
been changed to ``particulate'' in the proposed rule.
    NIOSH has long been concerned with the health risks to workers due 
to the inappropriate selection and use of dust/mist and dust/fume/mist 
respirators. Assigned Protection Factor (APF) values are used in the 
respirator selection process to indicate the expected protection level. 
NIOSH has considered the possibility of reducing the Assigned 
Protection Factor (APF) values given in the NIOSH Guide to Industrial 
Respiratory Protection and in the Respirator Decision Logic for dust 
and fume respirators to account for filter penetration that can occur, 
theoretically, when these respirators are inappropriately used against 
aerosols less than 2 micrometers in diameter. On September 15, 1992, 
NIOSH prepared a draft report, ``A Performance Evaluation of DM and DFM 
Filter Respirators Certified for Protection Against Toxic Dusts, Fumes, 
and Mist,'' explaining its concerns and suggested course of action. 
NIOSH solicited an external scientific peer review of this draft report 
on September 15, 1992. This review did not support an immediate 
revision of the APF values. The reviewers recommended that NIOSH 
address the concern about excessive filter penetration by incorporating 
improved filter-penetration tests into the respirator certification 
regulation.
    After careful consideration of this issue, NIOSH agrees with the 
scientific reviewers that, during the transition period for the 
implementation of the provisions contained in this rule, an adjustment 
of APF values is unnecessary and may confuse respirator users. NIOSH 
will continue to recommend the APF values contained in the NIOSH Guide 
to Industrial Respiratory Protection (September 1987) and in the 
Respirator Decision Logic (May 1987) for respirators previously 
certified under the provisions of 30 CFR part 11. For respirators 
certified for protection against particulate exposures under the new 
part 84 which would replace the existing Dust/Mist and Dust/Fume/Mist 
filter respirators under 30 CFR part 11, NIOSH will be recommending new 
APF values that account for the new nomenclature and test criteria. 
These new values, updating the recommendations cited above, will be 
published in a Respirator User's Notice accompanying publication of 
this rule as final. It is anticipated that the module on Assigned 
Protection Factors will be proposed in late 1994, at which time public 
comment will be solicited.
    The current regulation in 30 CFR part 11 was developed to certify 
respirators used in mining and general industry. They do not contain 
performance requirements for certifying air-purifying respirators 
against biological agents. Likewise, the modifications to the current 
requirements in this proposed rule were not developed specifically to 
certify respirators against biological agents. However, the provisions 
of this rule will address an important public health need regarding the 
control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB, 
transmission in health care and other facilities.
    In response to the recognized risk of TB transmission in health-
care facilities, increases in TB in many areas, and recent outbreaks of 
multidrug-resistant TB, CDC has published draft recommendations 
revising existing CDC guidelines for preventing the transmission of 
tuberculosis in health care facilities, entitled ``Guidelines for 
Preventing the Transmission of Tuberculosis in Health-Care Facilities, 
Second Edition'', published in the Federal Register on October 12, 1993 
(58 FR 52810). This draft enumerates four performance criteria that CDC 
has determined are necessary for respiratory protective devices used in 
health-care settings for protection against TB. The only currently 
certified air-purifying respirator class that meets all the respiratory 
protection performance criteria in the CDC draft is a respirator with a 
high efficiency (HEPA) filter. However, all six classes of air-
purifying, particulate respirators to be certified under the provisions 
of the new particulate filter tests (filter penetration) would meet or 
exceed the performance recommendations contained in the CDC document. 
These other classes of air-purifying, particulate respirators are 
expected to be markedly less expensive than respirators with HEPA 
filters.
    Consequently, immediate implementation of the modifications 
included in this rule should promote a substantial increase in 
respiratory protection provided to health care and other workers 
potentially exposed to the M. tuberculosis droplet nuclei in health-
care and other occupational settings. For this reason, NIOSH is moving 
forward with a schedule to publish a final rule pertaining to 
particulate filters in late-1994.

III. Public Meeting

    The record of the informal public meeting will remain open until 
July 8, 1994 to allow interested persons to submit written statements 
or comments regarding oral presentations made at the public meeting.
    The rule is proposed to be effective as follows:
    1. 42 CFR part 84 will be effective 30 days from publication of 
this rule as final, and;
    2. Sale and distribution of respirators listed as certified under 
the provisions of 30 CFR Part 11, subparts K or M will no longer be 
authorized effective 2 years from the date of publication of this rule 
as final.
    NIOSH is specifying an effective date for implementation for the 
final rule to allow the introduction of filters demonstrating enhanced 
performance as soon as possible. The existing 30 CFR part 11 is 
expected to remain in effect for 6 months after this rule becomes final 
to provide a transition period for manufacturers to prepare for new 42 
CFR part 84 applications. NIOSH believes that this period provides 
ample transition time for manufacturers to assemble the information 
necessary for application for certification of particulate respirators 
under the new part 84. Additionally, 2 years from the date this rule 
becomes final, respirators can no longer be distributed or sold as 
NIOSH-approved under part 11, subpart K or M, unless they demonstrate 
compliance with and are certified under the provisions of the new part 
84. This 2-year period was selected to ensure that an ample supply of 
respirators remain available for use. NIOSH believes that this 
timeframe will provide ample time for manufacturers to have respirators 
approved and manufactured in sufficient quantities to meet the demand. 
NIOSH specifically requests comments on the appropriateness of a 2-year 
phase-in period, as proposed.
    The administrative record of this rulemaking will consist of this 
May 24, 1994 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking; all other relevant Federal 
Register notices; agency records on this subject; all written 
submissions made in response to the Notices; and the record of the 
informal public meeting. The record of the informal public meeting will 
consist of the meeting schedule, transcripts made by NIOSH of the oral 
comments at the meeting, any written comments submitted by presenters 
at the meeting, and statements or comments regarding oral presentations 
made at the public meeting submitted by interested persons within the 
allotted comment period. No written submission, or any portion thereof, 
made in response to this Notice will be received or held in confidence. 
The administrative record of the rulemaking will be made available for 
viewing and copying in the NIOSH Docket Office. All requests for any 
portion of the administrative record must be submitted in writing.
    All interested persons are encouraged to submit written comments to 
assure receipt on or before the close of business July 8, 1994, and to 
advise the NIOSH Docket Office by the necessary date of their intent to 
participate in the informal public meeting. All requests for appearance 
at the informal public meeting should contain the name, address, and 
telephone number, any business affiliation of the person desiring to 
make a presentation, a brief summary of the presentation, and the 
approximate time requested for the presentation. NIOSH requests that 
oral presentations be limited to 10 minutes. Groups having similar 
interests are requested to combine their comments and present them 
through a single representative. NIOSH will assign the time available 
for the meeting among the persons who properly file a request for 
appearance.
    After reviewing the submitted summaries and the requests for 
appearance, NIOSH will schedule each appearance and notify each 
participant by mail or telephone of the time assigned to the person and 
the approximate time the person's oral presentation is scheduled to 
begin. The meeting schedule will be placed on file in the NIOSH Docket 
Office.
    The proceedings of the meeting will be transcribed. Any interested 
person may, consistent with the orderly conduct of the meeting, record 
or otherwise make a transcript of the meeting. Each participant may 
present relevant written information, data, or views for inclusion in 
the record of the meeting.
    Any person who desires to submit an advance written statement may 
file three copies with the NIOSH Docket Office. A participant may be 
accompanied by a reasonable number of additional persons, space 
permitting.
    If a participant is not present when his or her presentation is 
scheduled to begin, the remaining participants will be heard in order. 
At the conclusion of the meeting, an attempt will be made to hear any 
scheduled participants who missed his or her assigned time. Interested 
persons attending the meeting who did not request an opportunity to 
make an oral presentation may be given an opportunity to do so at the 
conclusion of the meeting, at the discretion of the presiding officer.

IV. Discussion of Proposed Rule--Testing of Particulate Filters

    The BOM was solely responsible for testing and approving 
respirators until 1972. In 1972, the existing rules and procedures in 
30 CFR part 11 for approval of respiratory protective devices, or 
respirators, were published jointly by the BOM and NIOSH. Since 1974, 
the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration (MSHA's predecessor 
agency), MSHA, and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration 
(OSHA) have regulated the selection, use, and maintenance of 
respirators in the workplace under their enforcement authorities. With 
this redesignation of the requirements for the certification of 
respirators, NIOSH is deleting Secs. 11.2 and 11.21 because these 
sections of part 11 have been superseded by OSHA's and MSHA's 
respirator workplace regulations. Also, the codification of the 
redesignated sections into a non-hyphenated numbering system results in 
the deletion of several ``general heading'' sections that contain no 
substantive requirements. These include Secs. 11.85, 11.102, 11.124, 
11.140, and 11.162.
    Existing subpart M of part 11 (Secs. 11.170 through 11.183-7) 
addresses the requirements for pesticide respirators. The proposal 
eliminates this category and the tests specific to it, leaving subpart 
M reserved. The proposal also eliminates all references to subpart M 
and pesticides as a classification for approval. Manufacturers can 
continue to manufacture and market respirators labelled for use as 
pesticide respirators, as well as other contaminant classifications, 
based on the testing performed under the proposed filter penetration 
test. NIOSH, however, would discontinue issuance of certifications that 
classify these respirators as suitable for use against a specific 
particulate. The proposed test would provide a suitable determination 
as to the effectiveness of the filter element in removing particulates 
from the ambient air, regardless of the contaminant.
    The existing test requirements in Secs. 11.124-21 through 11.124-24 
specify a person wearing the respirator to be exposed to an abrasive 
blasting environment in which the blasting agent is composed of 99+ 
percent free silica (SiO2). The purpose of this requirement was to 
determine the adequacy of protection provided in such environments. 
Over the past two decades, NIOSH has not conducted these tests which 
would pose known or potential health risks of exposure to fractured 
crystalline silica to prospective test subjects. These tests have been 
replaced administratively. This policy will remain in effect until 
these regulatory requirements are addressed in a later module.
    The proposed 42 CFR part 84 regulation is generally consistent with 
the current MSHA and NIOSH respirator approval program, placing 
responsibility for certifying most respirators with NIOSH. MSHA and 
NIOSH would continue to jointly review and approve respirators used for 
mine emergencies, mine rescue, and the associated service-life plans, 
users' manuals, and other documentation. Among the types of devices for 
which this role is particularly important are self-contained self-
rescue devices. This preserves MSHA's current role in the certification 
of certain respirators whose unique use in mining is an important part 
of safeguarding the health and safety of miners. In addition, MSHA 
would continue to test electrical and electronic components of 
respirators for use in potentially explosive atmospheres in underground 
gassy mines and issue a separate MSHA approval under 30 CFR part 18 for 
such respirators. In implementing the proposed regulation, NIOSH and 
MSHA will develop a new Memorandum of Understanding which will reflect 
administrative matters related to respirator approval, including 
immediate notification to MSHA of field complaints and identified 
deficiencies concerning approved respirators.
    With the transfer of part 11 from title 30 to part 84 of title 42, 
MSHA and NIOSH would no longer process applications for new approvals 
or extensions of approval of respirators under part 11 provisions. All 
applications received after the effective date of part 84 will be 
considered as applications for a new or extension of approval under 
part 84. NIOSH realizes that with this step in the development of part 
84, some of the respirators that are currently approved would need to 
be modified to meet the new requirements, while some would not. 
Additionally, with each step in the modular rulemaking approach being 
pursued, an increasing number of respirator designs will be affected by 
the new regulation. NIOSH realizes that the incremental implementation 
of improved test and performance requirements could cause some 
confusion as to which respirators have demonstrated performance to the 
improved requirements. To address this possibility, the Institute 
intends to continue issuing new and extension of approval numbers in 
the same format designation (TC number) as issued under existing part 
11 for those respirator types whose technical requirements for approval 
under part 84 have not been modified from existing part 11. A new 
approval number series will be initiated for the products whose 
technical requirements have been upgraded under part 84. By checking 
the approval number, respirator users will be able to quickly and 
easily distinguish those products that have demonstrated the improved 
performance requirements of the new part 84 from those that have 
demonstrated compliance with only the existing part 11 standard. The 
Institute further intends to issue public notices of the new approval 
designations to be used for the products demonstrating improved 
performance to alert users that such improved standards are available.

Section-by-Section Discussion

    All sections redesignated to 42 CFR part 84 without modification 
from 30 CFR part 11 are not included in this discussion of the proposed 
rule. The sections redesignated without modification will be revised, 
where appropriate, to:
    (1) remove references to MSHA, except for those related to certain 
mining applications,
    (2) update the NIOSH certifying organization to the Certification 
and Quality Assurance Branch, Division of Safety Research, NIOSH, 944 
Chestnut Ridge Road, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888,
    (3) remove references to subpart M, pesticide respirators, and 
tests for protection during abrasive blasting, and
    (4) correct nonsubstantive typographical errors and reference the 
new part 84 section designations.
    The sections redesignated without modification are as follows:
    84.1, 84.3, 84.11, 84.12, 84.21, 84.22, 84.30, 84.31, 84.32, 84.34, 
84.35, 84.36, 84.40, 84.41, 84.42, 84.43, 84.50, 84.51, 84.53, 84.60, 
84.62, 84.63, 84.64, 84.65, 84.66, 84.70, 84.71, 84.72, 84.73, 84.74, 
84.75, 84.76, 84.77, 84.78, 84.79, 84.80, 84.81, 84.82, 84.83, 84.84, 
84.85, 84.86, 84.87, 84.88, 84.89, 84.90, 84.91, 84.92, 84.93, 84.94, 
84.95, 84.96, 84.97, 84.98, 84.99, 84.100, 84.101, 84.102, 84.103, 
84.104, 84.110, 84.111, 84.112, 84.113, 84.114, 84.115, 84.116, 84.117, 
84.118, 84.119, 84.120, 84.121, 84.122, 84.123, 84.124, 84.126, 84.130, 
84.131, 84.132, 84.133, 84.134, 84.135, 84.136, 84.137, 84.138, 84.139, 
84.140, 84.141, 84.142, 84.143, 84.144, 84.145, 84.146, 84.147, 84.148, 
84.149, 84.150, 84.151, 84.152, 84.153, 84.154, 84.155, 84.156, 84.157, 
84.158, 84.159, 84.160, 84.161, 84.162, 84.163, 84.172, 84.173, 84.174, 
84.175, 84.176, 84.178, 84.179, 84.186, 84.190, 84.191, 84.192, 84.193, 
84.194, 84.195, 84.196, 84.197, 84.198, 84.199, 84.200, 84.201, 84.202, 
84.204, 84.205, 84.207, 84.250, 84.251, 84.252, 84.253, 84.254, 84.255, 
84.256, 84.257, and 84.258.
    These sections, and revisions of these sections, will be subject to 
public comment in future rulemaking.
    The following section-by-section analysis discusses each new or 
revised section to 42 CFR part 84. All part and section references for 
part 11 are to Title 30 of the Code of Federal Regulations (30 CFR). 
All part and section references for part 84 are to Title 42 of the Code 
of Federal Regulations (42 CFR).

Subpart A--General Provisions

Section 84.2  Definitions

    This section would be redesignated and revised from the existing 
Sec. 11.3.
    The existing definitions for ``air contamination level'', 
``Bureau'', ``concentration limits for radionuclides'', ``DOP'', 
``MESA'', ``pesticide'', ``radionuclides'', and ``smoke'' would be 
deleted. These terms are used in provisions that are modified or 
deleted as a result of the filter penetration test changes being 
proposed. These definitions would, therefore, become unnecessary.
    The existing definition for ``Testing and Certification 
Laboratory'' would be modified to reflect the present name of the 
organization as the ``Certification and Quality Assurance Branch.''

Section 84.4  Respirators For Mine Rescue or Other Emergency Use In 
Mines

    This section would be new, and would maintain MSHA's role in the 
approval of respirators designed for mine rescue or other mine 
emergency use. Under the proposal MSHA and NIOSH would conduct joint 
review and certification of respirators used for mine emergencies and 
mine rescue. This provision recognizes MSHA's expertise in identifying 
the special needs and considerations for respirators used in the mining 
environment. This role would replace MSHA's existing role as a joint 
approver of all respirators.
    Paragraph (a) specifies that NIOSH and MSHA would jointly certify 
any respirator designed for mine emergencies, mine rescue or other 
emergency use in mines. This joint review and certification would 
include any associated service-life plans, user's manuals, and other 
supporting documentation. This paragraph further specifies that 
certifications for these respirators include any identified use 
limitations related to mine safety and health as a condition of 
certification.
    Paragraph (b) specifies NIOSH and MSHA would jointly address recall 
and retrofit matters arising from field complaints or identified 
deficiencies concerning any respirators used in the mining environment. 
The new Memorandum of Understanding would further delineate MSHA's role 
in such matters, including participation in any related field or 
manufacturing site audits.

Subpart B--Application for Approval

Section 84.10  Application Procedures

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.10 with 
only paragraph (e) modified. Paragraph (e) would retain the existing 
requirement for inspection, examination, and testing by MSHA of 
electrical and electronic components to be permissible in accordance 
with 30 CFR part 18 for respirators intended for use in mining 
environments and having permissible electrical or electronic 
components. MSHA would continue to conduct this testing and issue a 
separate MSHA approval number for those respirators found acceptable. 
The process for conducting the permissibility evaluation of these 
components and their identification would remain unchanged from the 
existing policies and practices.

Subpart C--Fees

Section 84.20  Examination, Inspection, and Testing of Complete 
Respirator Assemblies; Fees

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.20, and 
modified only to reflect the new particulate filter classification 
scheme.

Subpart D--Approval and Disapproval

Section 84.33  Approval Labels and Markings; Approval of Contents; Use

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.33.
    Paragraph (b) would specify the use of the NIOSH emblem on the 
approval label, replacing the MSHA emblem.
    Paragraph (e) of this section would be modified to identify the 
existing ``dust, fume, and mist'' class of respirator as a 
``particulate'' respirator. The new designation is consistent with the 
proposed testing criteria under which these respirators are certified. 
The table in paragraph (e) identifying the approval label requirements 
would be modified by the removal of references specific to paint spray 
and pesticide respirators, also consistent with the changes associated 
with the instantaneous penetration tests.

Subpart F--Classification of Approved Respirators; Scope of 
Approval; Atmospheric Hazards; Service Time

Section 84.52  Respiratory Hazards; Classification

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.52.
    It would be modified only to delete paragraph (d). Reference to the 
pesticide ``classification'' would no longer be appropriate with the 
introduction of the ``particulates'' classification with the new 
instantaneous-penetration test.

Subpart G--General Construction and Performance Requirements

Section 84.61  General Construction Requirements

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.61.
    The provision for respirator components to meet the permissibility 
requirements of 30 CFR part 18 [paragraph (e)] would be deleted because 
MSHA's workplace regulations separately and independently establish 
this requirement for certain mining applications. This change would be 
consistent with existing practice, whereby, MSHA conducts the 
evaluation and testing of these components and issues a separate 
approval to cover this aspect of respirator design.

Subpart I--Gas Masks

Section 84.125  Particulate Tests; Canisters Containing Particulate 
Filters; Minimum Requirements

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.102-4, 
without modification except to specify the new requirements that 
respirators for protection against particulates (dusts, fumes, mists, 
and smokes) in combination with gases, vapors, or gases and vapors, 
must meet. With the exception of the airflow resistance test of 
Sec. 84.183, these respirators are required to meet the proposed 
requirements specified in Secs. 84.170 through 84.186.

Subpart K--Particulate Respirators

Section 84.170  Particulate Respirators; Description

    This section would be derived from existing Sec. 11.130. It would 
be revised to define particulate respirators in a more concise way than 
previously provided for those designed for protection against dusts, 
fumes, and mists.
    Paragraph (a) would describe particulate air-purifying respirators 
as those designed with filters to provide respiratory protection 
against atmospheres that: (1) Contain adequate oxygen to support life 
and (2) are contaminated with particulates not immediately dangerous to 
life or health. The particulates for which protection would be provided 
include contaminants such as dusts, fumes, mists and smoke. The 
respirator could be designed to remove contaminants, either solid or 
both liquid and solid, from the wearer's breathing air.
    Paragraph (b) would establish the classification of particulate 
air-purifying respirators as either powered or non-powered. Powered 
respirators would include those designs where a motor or other device 
enhances the air flow of inhalation air through the filter to provide 
breathing air to the wearer. Non-powered respirators would include 
respirators that depend solely on the inhalation and exhalation of the 
wearer to provide an adequate supply of purified-breathing air to the 
wearer. Either class of respirator, powered or non-powered, could be 
designed and intended for removal of solid particulates only or for 
both liquid and solid particulates. A ``liquid only'' category is not 
included because a filter that can effectively remove liquid 
particulates from the ambient air will also effectively remove solid 
particulates.
    Paragraphs (c) and (d) would establish the classification of filter 
elements used with non-powered and powered air-purifying respirators, 
respectively. These classifications are based on the filter's 
efficiency in removing particulates from the ambient air as 
demonstrated by the test requirements specified in this subpart.
    Paragraphs (c)(1) and (d)(1), (c)(2) and (d)(2), and (c)(3) would 
define the efficiency level for particulate removal needed to be 
achieved in the performance testing for a filter element to be 
classified as a Type A, B, or C filter, respectively. A Type A filter 
would be required to perform at a minimum efficiency of 99.97%, a Type 
B filter at a minimum efficiency of 99%, and a Type C at a minimum 
efficiency of 95%.

Section 84.171  Particulate Respirators; Required Components

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.131, 
modified only to incorporate the new terminology of ``particulates'' to 
describe dusts, fumes and mists.

Section 84.177  Inhalation and Exhalation Valves; Minimum Requirements

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.137, 
modified only to delete reference to the existing silica dust tests for 
single-use respirators of Sec. 11.140-5. The respirator performance 
requirements of these existing tests are replaced by the particulate 
instantaneous filter penetration test contained in this proposal.

Section 84.180  Particulate Respirators; Filter Type Identification

    This section proposes a new classification system for 
identification of the efficiency of the filters for particulate 
respirators. The new proposed terminology of ``particulate respirator'' 
would replace the existing ``dust, fume, and mist respirator'', as 
discussed previously.
    The requirement for the manufacturer to specify the filter-
efficiency/particulate-type classification in the certification 
application would be contained in paragraph (a). This classification 
would include the type of particulates that the filter is designed to 
remove, either solid or both liquid and solid, and the expected 
efficiency of the filter based on the test requirements specified in 
Sec. 84.184.
    The information to be included on the label of a filter for a 
certified particulate respirator is specified in paragraphs (b)(1) 
through (b)(6). This labeling would define the efficiency level 
achieved in the performance testing (i.e., Type A, B, or C filter) and 
whether the filter would perform properly in the removal of solid only 
(S) or both liquid and solid (L&S) particulates. This information would 
be necessary to allow the user to make an informed decision on 
selecting the appropriate respiratory protection. To facilitate this 
selection process, the Type A, L&S filters are color coded magenta to 
allow them to be easily distinguished from the other filter types. The 
filters other than Type A, L&S could be of any color, except magenta. 
This color coding would be consistent with the present universally-
accepted color-code convention which identifies the best performing 
filters (HEPA's) by their magenta color.

Section 84.181  Isoamyl Acetate Tightness Test; Particulate Respirators 
With Filters Not Intended To Be Replaced

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.140-1 with 
the test unchanged. Because the proposal would not classify respirators 
as designed for protection against fumes from various metals having an 
air contamination level not less than 0.05 milligram per cubic meter, 
the test would be redirected to evaluate the performance of particulate 
respirators with filters not intended to be replaced.

Section 84.182  Isoamyl Acetate Tightness Test; Respirators With 
Replaceable Filters; Minimum Requirements

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.140-2 with 
the test unchanged. Because the proposal would not classify respirators 
designed for protection against dusts, fumes and mists having an air 
contamination level less than 0.05 milligram per cubic meter, or 
radionuclides, the test would be redirected to evaluate the performance 
of particulate respirators with replaceable filters.

Section 84.183  Airflow-Resistance Tests

    Section 84.183 would be redesignated from Sec. 11.140-9, modified 
to delete the final inhalation resistance requirements. The proposed 
instantaneous-penetration tests are not designed to simulate loading of 
the filter at the worksite, and represent a significant change in the 
testing philosophy from the existing requirements. Therefore, these 
requirements would not be necessary or appropriate with the 
introduction of these new tests.

Section 84.184  Particulate Instantaneous-Penetration-Filter Test

    This section would be new. Section 84.184 would specify the test 
criteria and acceptable performance criteria for the new particulate 
instantaneous-penetration-filter test.
    Paragraph (a) would require the instantaneous-penetration 
efficiency testing of 30 filters of each particulate respirator model. 
Testing would be conducted using a solid particulate aerosol or an oil 
liquid particulate aerosol for solid particulate certification and both 
liquid and solid particulate certification, respectively.
    Paragraph (b) would apply to filters having separable air-purifying 
elements. All the respirator's air-purifying elements, including the 
element's holders and gaskets, are specified to be installed on the 
respirator as used when mounted for testing.
    Paragraph (c) would require the preconditioning of all air-
purifying elements of the respirators prior to testing. The elements, 
removed from their packaging, are placed in an environment of 
855 percent relative humidity at 382.5 degrees 
celsius (1004.5 degrees fahrenheit) for 251 
hours. Following the humidity conditioning, filters are required to be 
sealed in a gas-tight container until tested.
    Paragraph (d) would apply to filters having non-separable air-
purifying elements. It would require the exhalation valves to be sealed 
during the testing. Sealing of the valves would ensure that the test 
results were not affected by any valve leakage, if present.
    Paragraph (e) would specify the continuous test-aerosol airflow 
rates to be used in testing single and paired filters. Respirators with 
a single filter are penetration-tested at a continuous airflow rate of 
85 liters (3.0 cubic feet) per minute 5 percent. For pairs, 
the test-aerosol airflow rate would be 42.5 liters (1.5 cubic feet) per 
minute 5 percent through each filter. This airflow rate is 
representative of a high work rate. These test conditions would ensure 
that a sufficient number of particulates are applied to the filter 
during the test period to provide an adequate indication of the 
efficiency of the filters.
    Paragraph (f) would specify the test criteria for powered air-
purifying particulate respirators (PAPRs). The PAPRs are penetration 
tested while operating in their routine operational mode. This would 
require fully-charged batteries, if so equipped, or at normal line 
voltage, if line-powered. PAPRs with loose fitting facepieces are 
tested in a free-flow mode, while those with tight-fitting facepieces 
are tested on a headform connected to a breathing machine or equivalent 
breathing device. The breathing machine would have a workrate cam of 
622 kp-m/min. operated at a rate of 24 respirations per minute with a 
minute volume of 40 liters.
    Paragraph (g) would describe the penetration test aerosols and the 
test criteria to be used. A sodium chloride solid aerosol would be used 
when testing for filter leakage of solid particulate aerosols. A 
neutralized-dioctyl phthalate (DOP), or equivalent oil, liquid aerosol 
would be specified as the testing agent when testing for filter leakage 
of liquid particulate aerosols. The penetration test would be continued 
until maximum penetration is achieved or until an aerosol mass of at 
least 2005 mg for non-powered respirators, or at least 
2,00050 mg for powered air-purifying respirators, has 
contacted the filter unit.
    Paragraph (g)(1) would identify the test conditions for the sodium 
chloride solid aerosol to be at 255 degrees celsius 
(779 degrees fahrenheit) and relative humidity of less than 
30 percent. The aerosol specified to be used in these tests would be 
neutralized to the Boltzmann equilibrium state, and the maximum 
concentration would not exceed 200 mg/m\3\.
    Paragraph (g)(2) would specify the DOP or equivalent oil, liquid 
particulate aerosol. The test conditions for the liquid aerosol are 
specified to be at 255 degrees celsius. The aerosol 
specified to be used in these tests would be neutralized to the 
Boltzmann equilibrium state, and the maximum concentration would not 
exceed 200 mg/m\3\.
    Paragraph (h) would specify the particle size limitations at the 
test conditions for the filter-penetration-test aerosols. The sodium 
chloride aerosol would have a particle size distribution with count 
median diameter between 0.06 and 0.11 micrometer and a standard 
geometric deviation not exceeding 1.84. The liquid particulate aerosol 
would have a particle size distribution with count median diameter 
between 0.17 and 0.22 micrometer and a standard geometric deviation not 
exceeding 1.60. These particle size distribution values would be 
determined at the specified test conditions with a differential 
mobility particle sizer.
    Paragraph (i) would require the instantaneous penetration of the 
filter (i.e., the amount of aerosol particles that pass through the 
filter) to be monitored and recorded throughout the test period by a 
suitable forward-light-scattering photometer or equivalent 
instrumentation.
    Paragraph (j) would require the maximum filter penetration for each 
of the 30 filters to be determined and recorded. The mean maximum 
penetration, m, and the standard deviation, s, would be required to be 
calculated from these data. The test static U for the particulate 
respirator filter would be calculated as the sum of the mean maximum 
penetration and 2.22 multiplied by the standard deviation. The test 
static would be used to determine if the performance of the filter 
would meet the requirement for the requested classification (type). For 
a type A filter, the test static would be less than or equal to 0.0003; 
for a type B, the test static would be less than or equal to 0.01; for 
a type C, the test static would be less than or equal to 0.05.

Section 84.185  Powered, Particulate Respirator Flow Requirements

    This section would be new. It would specify the minimum 
requirements and criteria for verification of the airflow rates of 
powered, particulate respirators. This section would also define the 
classes as loose-fitting and tight-fitting, depending on their reliance 
on the tightness of the face seal.
    The airflow of a powered air-purifying respirator would be measured 
after each of the penetration tests. The airflow requirements that a 
powered air-purifying respirator would be required to meet are 
specified based on its design classification as tight-fitting or loose-
fitting. The minimum airflow requirements for each class are specified 
in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. A tight-fitting, powered, 
air-purifying respirator would be defined as designed to seal to the 
wearer's face and provide protection as a non-powered respirator in the 
event of a blower failure. A loose-fitting, powered, air-purifying 
respirator would be defined as designed to function without reliance on 
a tight-fitting face seal.
    Paragraph (a) would require tight-fitting, powered air-purifying 
respirators to maintain an air-flow rate of at least 115 liters (4.06 
cubic feet) per minute for a period of at least 4 hours unless 
otherwise specified.
    Paragraph (b) would require loose-fitting, powered air-purifying 
respirators to maintain an air-flow rate of at least 170 liters (6.0 
cubic feet) per minute for a period of at least 4 hours, unless 
otherwise specified.
    Paragraph (c) would require powered air-purifying respirators to be 
provided with an acceptable mechanism and appropriate instructions, 
whereby, the user can routinely and simply determine that the minimum 
airflow is maintained.

Subpart L--Chemical Cartridge Respirators

Section 84.203  Breathing Resistance Tests; Minimum Requirements

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.162-1.
    It would be modified only to delete reference to various 
``classifications'', such as paints and pneumoconiosis and fibrous 
producing dusts, that would no longer be appropriate with the 
introduction of the ``particulates'' classification with the new 
instantaneous-penetration test.

Section 84.206  Particulate Tests; Respirators With Filters; Minimum 
Requirements; General

    This section would be redesignated from existing Sec. 11.162-7. It 
would be modified only to delete reference to various 
``classifications'', such as paints and pneumoconiosis and fibrous 
producing dusts, that would no longer be appropriate with the 
introduction of the ``particulates'' classification with the new 
instantaneous-penetration test.

Derivation Table

    The following derivation table lists: (1) Each section number of 
the proposed rule (New Section); and (2) The section number of the 
existing standard from which the proposed standard is derived (Old 
Section). 

                            Derivation Table                            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
            New section                          Old section            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
84.1...............................  11.1                               
84.2...............................  11.3                               
84.3...............................  11.4                               
84.4...............................  New.                               
84.10..............................  11.10                              
84.11..............................  11.11                              
84.12..............................  11.12                              
84.20..............................  11.20                              
84.21..............................  11.21                              
84.22..............................  11.22                              
84.30..............................  11.30                              
84.31..............................  11.31                              
84.32..............................  11.32                              
84.33..............................  11.33                              
84.34..............................  11.34                              
84.35..............................  11.35                              
84.36..............................  11.36                              
84.40..............................  11.40                              
84.41..............................  11.41                              
84.42..............................  11.42                              
84.43..............................  11.43                              
84.50..............................  11.50                              
84.51..............................  11.51                              
84.52..............................  11.52                              
84.53..............................  11.53                              
84.60..............................  11.60                              
84.61..............................  11.61                              
84.62..............................  11.62                              
84.63..............................  11.63                              
84.64..............................  11.64                              
84.65..............................  11.65                              
84.66..............................  11.66                              
84.70..............................  11.70                              
84.71..............................  11.71                              
84.72..............................  11.72                              
84.73..............................  11.73                              
84.74..............................  11.74                              
84.75..............................  11.75                              
84.76..............................  11.76                              
84.77..............................  11.77                              
84.78..............................  11.78                              
84.79..............................  11.79                              
84.80..............................  11.79-1                            
84.81..............................  11.80                              
84.82..............................  11.81                              
84.83..............................  11.82                              
84.84..............................  11.83                              
84.85..............................  11.84                              
84.86..............................  11.85-1                            
84.87..............................  11.85-2                            
84.88..............................  11.85-3                            
84.89..............................  11.85-4                            
84.90..............................  11.85-5                            
84.91..............................  11.85-6                            
84.92..............................  11.85-7                            
84.93..............................  11.85-8                            
84.94..............................  11.85-9                            
84.95..............................  11.85-10                           
84.96..............................  11.85-11                           
84.97..............................  11.85-12                           
84.98..............................  11.85-13                           
84.99..............................  11.85-14                           
84.100.............................  11.85-15                           
84.101.............................  11.85-16                           
84.102.............................  11.85-17                           
84.103.............................  11.85-18                           
84.104.............................  11.85-19                           
84.110.............................  11.90                              
84.111.............................  11.91                              
84.112.............................  11.92                              
84.113.............................  11.93                              
84.114.............................  11.94                              
84.115.............................  11.95                              
84.116.............................  11.96                              
84.117.............................  11.97                              
84.118.............................  11.98                              
84.119.............................  11.99                              
84.120.............................  11.100                             
84.121.............................  11.101                             
84.122.............................  11.102-1                           
84.123.............................  11.102-2                           
84.124.............................  11.102-3                           
84.125.............................  11.102-4                           
84.126.............................  11.102-5                           
84.130.............................  11.110                             
84.131.............................  11.111                             
84.132.............................  11.112                             
84.133.............................  11.113                             
84.134.............................  11.114                             
84.135.............................  11.115                             
84.136.............................  11.116                             
84.137.............................  11.117                             
84.138.............................  11.118                             
84.139.............................  11.119                             
84.140.............................  11.120                             
84.141.............................  11.121                             
84.142.............................  11.122                             
84.143.............................  11.123                             
84.144.............................  11.124-1                           
84.145.............................  11.124-2                           
84.146.............................  11.124-3                           
84.147.............................  11.124-4                           
84.148.............................  11.124-5                           
84.149.............................  11.124-6                           
84.150.............................  11.124-7                           
84.151.............................  11.124-8                           
84.152.............................  11.124-9                           
84.153.............................  11.124-10                          
84.154.............................  11.124-11                          
84.155.............................  11.124-12                          
84.156.............................  11.124-13                          
84.157.............................  11.124-14                          
84.158.............................  11.124-15                          
84.159.............................  11.124-16                          
84.160.............................  11.124-17                          
84.161.............................  11.124-18                          
84.162.............................  11.124-19                          
84.163.............................  11.124-20                          
84.170.............................  11.130                             
84.171.............................  11.131                             
84.172.............................  11.132                             
84.173.............................  11.133                             
84.174.............................  11.134                             
84.175.............................  11.135                             
84.176.............................  11.136                             
84.177.............................  11.137                             
84.178.............................  11.138                             
84.179.............................  11.139                             
84.180.............................  New.                               
84.181.............................  11.140-1                           
84.182.............................  11.140-2                           
84.183.............................  11.140.9                           
84.184.............................  New.                               
84.185.............................  New.                               
84.186.............................  11.140-10                          
84.190.............................  11.150                             
84.191.............................  11.151                             
84.192.............................  11.152                             
84.193.............................  11.153                             
84.194.............................  11.154                             
84.195.............................  11.155                             
84.196.............................  11.156                             
84.197.............................  11.157                             
84.198.............................  11.158                             
84.199.............................  11.158-1                           
84.200.............................  11.159                             
84.201.............................  11.160                             
84.202.............................  11.161                             
84.203.............................  11.162-1                           
84.204.............................  11.162-2                           
84.205.............................  11.162-3                           
84.206.............................  11.162-7                           
84.207.............................  11.162-8                           
84.250.............................  11.200                             
84.251.............................  11.201                             
84.252.............................  11.202                             
84.253.............................  11.203                             
84.254.............................  11.204                             
84.255.............................  11.205                             
84.256.............................  11.206                             
84.257.............................  11.207                             
84.258.............................  11.208                             
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Distribution Table

    The following distribution table lists: (1) The section number of 
the existing part 11 standard (Old Section); and (2) each section 
number of the proposed rule (New Section). 

                           Distribution Table                           
------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Old section                          New section            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
11.1...............................  84.1                               
11.2...............................  Removed.                           
11.2-1.............................  Removed.                           
11.3...............................  84.2                               
11.4...............................  84.3                               
11.10..............................  84.10                              
11.11..............................  84.11                              
11.12..............................  84.12                              
11.20..............................  84.20                              
11.21..............................  84.21                              
11.22..............................  84.22                              
11.30..............................  84.30                              
11.31..............................  84.31                              
11.32..............................  84.32                              
11.33..............................  84.33                              
11.34..............................  84.34                              
11.35..............................  84.35                              
11.36..............................  84.36                              
11.40..............................  84.40                              
11.41..............................  84.41                              
11.42..............................  84.42                              
11.43..............................  84.43                              
11.50..............................  84.50                              
11.51..............................  84.51                              
11.52..............................  84.52                              
11.53..............................  84.53                              
11.60..............................  84.60                              
11.61..............................  84.61                              
11.62..............................  84.62                              
11.63..............................  84.63                              
11.64..............................  84.64                              
11.65..............................  84.65                              
11.66..............................  84.66                              
11.70..............................  84.70                              
11.71..............................  84.71                              
11.72..............................  84.72                              
11.73..............................  84.73                              
11.74..............................  84.74                              
11.75..............................  84.75                              
11.76..............................  84.76                              
11.77..............................  84.77                              
11.78..............................  84.78                              
11.79..............................  84.79                              
11.79-1............................  84.80                              
11.80..............................  84.81                              
11.81..............................  84.82                              
11.82..............................  84.83                              
11.83..............................  84.84                              
11.84..............................  84.85                              
11.85..............................  Removed.                           
11.85-1............................  84.86                              
11.85-2............................  84.87                              
11.85-3............................  84.88                              
11.85-4............................  84.89                              
11.85-5............................  84.90                              
11.85-6............................  84.91                              
11.85-7............................  84.92                              
11.85-8............................  84.93                              
11.85-9............................  84.94                              
11.85-10...........................  84.95                              
11.85-11...........................  84.96                              
11.85-12...........................  84.97                              
11.85-13...........................  84.98                              
11.85-14...........................  84.99                              
11.85-15...........................  84.100                             
11.85-16...........................  84.101                             
11.85-17...........................  84.102                             
11.85-18...........................  84.103                             
11.85-19...........................  84.104                             
11.90..............................  84.110                             
11.91..............................  84.111                             
11.92..............................  84.112                             
11.93..............................  84.113                             
11.94..............................  84.114                             
11.95..............................  84.115                             
11.96..............................  84.116                             
11.97..............................  84.117                             
11.98..............................  84.118                             
11.99..............................  84.119                             
11.100.............................  84.120                             
11.101.............................  84.121                             
11.102.............................  Removed.                           
11.102-1...........................  84.122                             
11.102-2...........................  84.123                             
11.102-3...........................  84.124                             
11.102-4...........................  84.125                             
11.102-5...........................  84.126                             
11.110.............................  84.130                             
11.111.............................  84.131                             
11.112.............................  84.132                             
11.113.............................  84.133                             
11.114.............................  84.134                             
11.115.............................  84.135                             
11.116.............................  84.136                             
11.117.............................  84.137                             
11.118.............................  84.138                             
11.119.............................  84.139                             
11.120.............................  84.140                             
11.121.............................  84.141                             
11.122.............................  84.142                             
11.123.............................  84.143                             
11.124.............................  Removed.                           
11.124-1...........................  84.144                             
11.124-2...........................  84.145                             
11.124-3...........................  84.146                             
11.124-4...........................  84.147                             
11.124-5...........................  84.148                             
11.124-6...........................  84.149                             
11.124-7...........................  84.150                             
11.124-8...........................  84.151                             
11.124-9...........................  84.152                             
11.124-10..........................  84.153                             
11.124-11..........................  84.154                             
11.124-12..........................  84.155                             
11.124-13..........................  84.156                             
11.124-14..........................  84.157                             
11.124-15..........................  84.158                             
11.124-16..........................  84.159                             
11.124-17..........................  84.160                             
11.124-18..........................  84.161                             
11.124-19..........................  84.162                             
11.124-20..........................  84.163                             
11.124-21..........................  Removed.                           
11.124-22..........................  Removed.                           
11.124-23..........................  Removed.                           
11.124-24..........................  Removed.                           
11.130.............................  84.170                             
11.131.............................  84.171                             
11.132.............................  84.172                             
11.133.............................  84.173                             
11.134.............................  84.174                             
11.135.............................  84.175                             
11.136.............................  84.176                             
11.137.............................  84.177                             
11.138.............................  84.178                             
11.139.............................  84.179                             
11.140.............................  Removed.                           
11.140-1...........................  84.181                             
11.140-2...........................  84.182                             
11.140-3...........................  84.183                             
11.140-4...........................  Removed.                           
11.140-5...........................  Removed.                           
11.140-6...........................  Removed.                           
11.140-7...........................  Removed.                           
11.140-8...........................  Removed.                           
11.140-9...........................  84.183                             
11.140-10..........................  84.146                             
11.140-11..........................  Removed.                           
11.140-12..........................  Removed.                           
11.150.............................  84.190                             
11.151.............................  84.191                             
11.152.............................  84.192                             
11.153.............................  84.193                             
11.154.............................  84.194                             
11.155.............................  84.195                             
11.156.............................  84.196                             
11.157.............................  84.197                             
11.158.............................  84.198                             
11.158-1...........................  84.199                             
11.159.............................  84.200                             
11.160.............................  84.201                             
11.161.............................  84.202                             
11.162.............................  Removed.                           
11.162-1...........................  84.203                             
11.162-2...........................  84.204                             
11.162-3...........................  84.205                             
11.162-4...........................  Removed.                           
11.162-5...........................  Removed.                           
11.162-6...........................  Removed.                           
11.162-7...........................  84.206                             
11.162-8...........................  84.207                             
11.170.............................  Removed.                           
11.171.............................  Removed.                           
11.172.............................  Removed.                           
11.173.............................  Removed.                           
11.174.............................  Removed.                           
11.175.............................  Removed.                           
11.176.............................  Removed.                           
11.177.............................  Removed.                           
11.178.............................  Removed.                           
11.179.............................  Removed.                           
11.180.............................  Removed.                           
11.181.............................  Removed.                           
11.182.............................  Removed.                           
11.183.............................  Removed.                           
11.183-1...........................  Removed.                           
11.183-2...........................  Removed.                           
11.183-3...........................  Removed.                           
11.183-4...........................  Removed.                           
11.183-5...........................  Removed.                           
11.183-6...........................  Removed.                           
11.183-7...........................  Removed.                           
11.200.............................  84.250                             
11.201.............................  84.251                             
11.202.............................  84.252                             
11.203.............................  84.253                             
11.204.............................  84.254                             
11.205.............................  84.255                             
11.206.............................  84.256                             
11.207.............................  84.257                             
11.208.............................  84.258                             
------------------------------------------------------------------------

V. Executive Order 12866 and Regulatory Flexibility Act

    Section 1 of Executive Order 12866 requires that before the 
Department promulgates a new regulation, the need for the regulation 
must be assessed, alternatives identified and assessed, the regulations 
designed to achieve their objectives in the most cost-effective manner, 
and, to the extent feasible, use performance standards. In addition, 
Section 5 of the Order requires an assessment of the burden imposed by 
existing regulations, to identify those that have become unjustified or 
unnecessary as a result of changed circumstances. The Department is 
proposing these changes in compliance with both sections of the 
Executive Order.
    The Department generally prepares a regulatory flexibility 
analysis, in accordance with the Regulatory Flexibility Act, if the 
rule is expected to have a significant impact on a substantial number 
of small entities. That Act also requires that the Department 
periodically review existing regulations and consider reforming those 
that burden small entities, taking into account the degree to which 
technology or other factors have changed in the area affected by the 
rule.
    The Department does not believe that this proposal is 
``economically significant'' within the definition of E.O. 12866 (e.g., 
it would not have an effect on the economy of $100 million). Nor does 
the Department believe that the proposal will have a significant impact 
on a substantial number of small firms. However, it will create costs 
for some firms in the respirator industry, and benefits for hospitals 
and other entities using respirators. The magnitude of these effects is 
uncertain. Accordingly, the Department has prepared the following 
voluntary Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis.
    Most employers rely on government standards to determine acceptable 
levels of respirator performance. It would be inefficient and 
unreasonably costly for each of millions of occasional purchasers of 
these inexpensive devices to independently attempt to determine which 
devices operate effectively to filter out minuscule particles.
    This proposal will remove a regulatory impediment to the improved 
design of respirators by substituting a performance standard for an 
obsolete specifications standard. The practical effect of this will be 
to enable firms to substitute a more effective and efficient filter 
material in low-cost Class B and Class C respirators (respirators 
already using high efficiency filters meeting Class A requirements will 
not be affected by this proposal).
    It is our understanding that substituting better filter material 
will have negligible effects on the costs of filters, over the long 
run. The material may cost very slightly more, but its cost will remain 
measured in pennies per filter. NIOSH specifically solicits comments 
and data for projected estimates of cost for materials and labor for 
these improved respirators.
    The demonstrated level of performance for filters will, however, be 
substantially more effective. Instead of an efficiency rate of 95 
percent for removing particles sized at 1 to 2 micrometers in diameter, 
they will demonstrate the ability to remove particles of less than 1 
micrometer in diameter at a typical efficiency rate of 95 to 99.97 
percent. The importance of this change will vary considerably from 
workplace setting to setting. However, in at least some settings the 
benefits will be considerable.
    For example, the classes of particulate filter respirators 
certified under this rule will meet or exceed the CDC recommendations 
for respiratory protective devices used for M. tuberculosis. Of the 
currently NIOSH-certified respirators, only high-efficiency particulate 
air (HEPA) filters meet or exceed these recommendations. The 
certification to an enhanced performance level will create options for 
the choice of respirators that adhere to CDC recommendations at reduced 
expense. A disposable (one-time use) HEPA filter respirator generally 
sells for around $7 to $10 and replaceable respirators equipped with 
HEPA filters can cost $20 or more, with replacement filters costing 
about $5 each. Replacement non-HEPA filters cost about $1 to $2 each. 
Disposable non-HEPA filters cost about $1 to $8 each when purchased in 
bulk.
    The Department would expect similar effects--both improved health 
and cost avoidance--in many other settings. The Department does not 
have any basis at this time for quantifying either benefits or costs. 
The Department does know that as many as seven million workers use 
respirators at some time each year. NIOSH estimates that employers 
annually purchase over 110 million disposable respirators. The 
Department requests comments on potential savings in other settings.
    There are approximately 35 manufacturers of these devices. NIOSH 
believes that most of these already possess or have access to test 
equipment needed to perform the new filter tests the Department 
proposes to require. As is currently required under 30 CFR part 11, 
NIOSH would continue to require that applicants conduct or have 
conducted examinations, inspections, and tests of respirator 
performance at least equivalent to those set by the respirator 
certification tests. This is to assure that all necessary research and 
development is conducted by the applicant prior to submitting an 
application to the Federal Government for testing of the respirator by 
NIOSH. For those manufacturers that do not currently possess this 
capability, NIOSH estimates that the purchase of this equipment 
represents an investment of approximately $60,000. Amortized over time, 
this would not represent a significant cost for most manufacturers.
    Filter materials are currently available that can be substituted 
into present filter designs with minimal redesign (if any) to meet the 
performance requirements of the new tests. Some currently NIOSH-
certified respirators have, when tested using the new standards, 
demonstrated acceptable performance. Therefore, little or no cost will 
be needed to develop suitable filtration materials or redesign existing 
devices. However, the Department does realize that additional 
development and redesign costs may be incurred to augment the presently 
available products. NIOSH specifically requests relevant data and 
comments on projected costs of redesign of respirators.
    Notwithstanding these general conclusions, there may be some 
manufacturers that will find it financially difficult, or a poor 
investment, to meet the new standards. The Department would expect such 
problems to result from free market competition rather than the 
specific standards of these proposed regulations. That is, most 
knowledgeable employers would purchase more cost-effective respirators 
voluntarily and force major changes in the market if the present 
regulatory barriers were removed. Nonetheless, there may be regulatory 
alternatives that would minimize burdens on the smallest firms and the 
Department welcomes suggestions for these.

List of Subjects in 42 CFR Part 84

    Labeling, Mine safety and health, Occupational safety and health, 
Personal protective equipment, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Respirators.

    Dated: February 14, 1994.
Philip R. Lee,
Assistant Secretary for Health.
    Approved: March 8, 1994.
Donna E. Shalala,
Secretary.

    For the reasons set out in the preamble, 42 CFR part 84 is proposed 
to be added to read as follows:

PART 84--APPROVAL OF RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE DEVICES

Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.
84.1  Purpose.
84.2  Definitions.
84.3  Incorporation by reference.
84.4  Respirators for mine rescue or other emergency use in mines.

Subpart B--Application for Approval

84.10  Application procedures.
84.11  Contents of application.
84.12  Delivery of respirators and components by applicant; 
requirements.

Subpart C--Fees

84.20  Examination, inspection, and testing of complete respirator 
assemblies; fees.
84.21  Examination, inspection, and testing of respirator components 
or subassemblies; fees.
84.22  Unlisted fees; additional fees; payment by applicant prior to 
approval.

Subpart D--Approval and Disapproval

84.30  Certificates of approval; scope of approval.
84.31  Certificates of approval; contents.
84.32  Notice of disapproval.
84.33  Approval labels and markings; approval of contents; use.
84.34  Revocation of certificates of approval.
84.35  Changes or modifications of approved respirators; issuance of 
modification of certificate of approval.
84.36  Delivery of changed or modified approved respirator.

Subpart E--Quality Control

84.40  Quality control plans; filing requirements.
84.41  Quality control plans; contents.
84.42  Proposed quality control plans; approval by the Institute.
84.43  Quality control records; review by the Institute; revocation 
of approval.

Subpart F--Classification of Approved Respirators; Scope of Approval; 
Atmospheric Hazards; Service Time

84.50  Types of respirators to be approved; scope of approval.
84.51  Entry and escape, or escape only; classification.
84.52  Respiratory hazards; classification.
84.53  Service time; classification.

Subpart G--General Construction and Performance Requirements

84.60  Construction and performance requirements; general.
84.61  General construction requirements.
84.62  Component parts; minimum requirements.
84.63  Test requirements; general.
84.64  Pretesting by applicant; approval of test methods.
84.65  Conduct of examinations, inspections, and tests by the 
Institute; assistance by applicant; observers; recorded data; public 
demonstrations.
84.66  Withdrawal of applications; refund of fees.

Subpart H--Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus

84.70  Self-contained breathing apparatus; description.
84.71  Self-contained breathing apparatus; required components.
84.72  Breathing tubes; minimum requirements.
84.73  Harnesses; installation and construction; minimum 
requirements.
84.74  Apparatus containers; minimum requirements.
84.75  Half-mask facepieces, full facepieces, mouthpieces; fit; 
minimum requirements.
84.76  Facepieces; eyepieces; minimum requirements.
84.77  Inhalation and exhalation valves; minimum requirements.
84.78  Head harnesses; minimum requirements.
84.79  Breathing gas; minimum requirements.
84.80  Interchangeability of oxygen and air prohibited.
84.81  Compressed breathing gas and liquefied breathing gas 
containers; minimum requirements.
84.82  Gas pressure gages; minimum requirements.
84.83  Timers; elapsed time indicators; remaining service life 
indicators; minimum requirements.
84.84  Hand-operated valves; minimum requirements.
84.85  Breathing bags; minimum requirements.
84.86  Component parts exposed to oxygen pressures; minimum 
requirements.
84.87  Compressed gas filters; minimum requirements.
84.88  Breathing-bag test.
84.89  Weight requirement.
84.90  Breathing resistance test; inhalation.
84.91  Breathing resistance test; exhalation.
84.92  Exhalation valve leakage test.
84.93  Gas flow test; open circuit apparatus.
84.94  Gas flow test; closed circuit apparatus.
84.95  Service-time test; open circuit apparatus.
84.96  Service-time test; closed circuit apparatus.
84.97  Test for carbon dioxide in inspired gas; open- and closed-
circuit apparatus; maximum allowable limits.
84.98  Tests during low temperature operation.
84.99  Man tests; testing conditions; general requirements.
84.100  Man tests 1, 2, 3, and 4; requirements.
84.101  Man test 5; requirements.
84.102  Man test 6; requirements.
84.103  Man tests; performance requirements.
84.104  Gas tightness test; minimum requirements.

Tables to Sub-Part H of Part 84

Subpart I--Gas Masks

84.110  Gas masks; description.
84.111  Gas masks; required components.
84.112  Canisters and cartridges in parallel; resistance 
requirements.
84.113  Canisters and cartridges; color and markings; requirements.
84.114  Filters used with canisters and cartridges; location; 
replacement.
84.115  Breathing tubes; minimum requirements.
84.116  Harnesses; installation and construction; minimum 
requirements.
84.117  Gas mask containers; minimum requirements.
84.118  Half-mask facepieces, full facepieces, and mouthpieces; fit; 
minimum requirements.
84.119  Facepieces; eyepieces; minimum requirements.
84.120  Inhalation and exhalation valves; minimum requirements.
84.121  Head harnesses; minimum requirements.
84.122  Breathing resistance test; minimum requirements.
84.123  Exhalation valve leakage test.
84.124  Facepiece tests; minimum requirements.
84.125  Particulate tests; canisters containing particulate filters; 
minimum requirements.
84.126  Canister bench tests; minimum requirements.

Tables to Subpart I of Part 84

Subpart J--Supplied-Air Respirators

84.130  Supplied-air respirators; description.
84.131  Supplied-air respirators; required components.
84.132  Breathing tubes; minimum requirements.
84.133  Harnesses; installation and construction; minimum 
requirements.
84.134  Respirator containers; minimum requirements.
84.135  Half-mask facepieces, full facepieces, hoods, and helmets; 
fit; minimum requirements.
84.136  Facepieces, hoods, and helmets; eyepieces; minimum 
requirements.
84.137  Inhalation and exhalation valves; check valves; minimum 
requirements.
84.138  Head harnesses; minimum requirements.
84.139  Head and neck protection; supplied-air respirators; minimum 
requirements.
84.140 Air velocity and noise levels; hoods and helmets; minimum 
requirements.
84.141  Breathing gas; minimum requirements.
84.142  Air supply source; hand-operated or motor driven air 
blowers; Type A supplied-air respirators; minimum requirements.
84.143  Terminal fittings or chambers; Type B supplied-air 
respirators; minimum requirements.
84.144  Hand-operated blower test; minimum requirements.
84.145  Motor-operated blower test; minimum requirements.
84.146  Method of measuring the power and torque required to operate 
blowers.
84.147  Type B supplied-air respirator; minimum requirements.
84.148  Type C supplied-air respirator, continuous-flow class; 
minimum requirements.
84.149  Type C supplied-air respirator, demand and pressure demand 
class; minimum requirements.
84.150  Air-supply line tests; minimum requirements.
84.151  Harness test; minimum requirements.
84.152  Breathing tube test; minimum requirements.
84.153  Airflow resistance test, Type A and Type AE supplied-air 
respirators; minimum requirements.
84.154  Airflow resistance test; Type B and Type BE supplied-air 
respirators; minimum requirements.
84.155  Airflow resistance test; Type C supplied-air respirator, 
continuous flow class and Type CE supplied-air respirator; minimum 
requirements.
84.156  Airflow resistance test; Type C supplied-air respirator, 
demand class; minimum requirements.
84.157  Airflow resistance test; Type C supplied-air respirator, 
pressure-demand class; minimum requirements.
84.158  Exhalation valve leakage test.
84.159  Man tests for gases and vapors; supplied-air respirators; 
general performance requirements.
84.160  Man tests for gases and vapors; Type A and Type AE 
respirators; test requirements.
84.161  Man tests for gases and vapors; Type B and Type BE 
respirators; test requirements.
84.162  Man test for gases and vapors; Type C respirators, 
continuous-flow class and Type CE supplied-air respirators; test 
requirements.
84.163  Man test for gases and vapors; Type C supplied-air 
respirators, demand and pressure-demand classes; test requirements.

Tables to Subpart J of Part 84

Subpart K--Particulate Respirators

84.170  Particulate respirators; description.
84.171  Particulate respirators; required components.
84.172  Breathing tubes; minimum requirements.
84.173  Harnesses; installation and construction; minimum 
requirements.
84.174  Respirator containers; minimum requirements.
84.175  Half-mask facepieces, full facepieces, hoods, helmets, and 
mouthpieces; fit; minimum requirements.
84.176  Facepieces, hoods, and helmets; eyepieces; minimum 
requirements.
84.177  Inhalation and exhalation valves; minimum requirements.
84.178  Head harnesses; minimum requirements.
84.179  Air velocity and noise levels; hoods and helmets; minimum 
requirements.
84.180  Particulate respirators; filter type identification.
84.181  Isoamyl acetate tightness test; particulate respirators with 
filters not intended to be replaced.
84.182  Isoamyl acetate tightness test; respirators with replaceable 
filters; minimum requirements.
84.183  Airflow resistance tests.
84.184  Particulate instantaneous-penetration-filter test.
84.185  Powered, particulate respirator flow requirements.
84.186  Exhalation valve leakage test; minimum requirements.

Subpart L--Chemical Cartridge Respirators

84.190  Chemical cartridge respirators; description.
84.191  Chemical cartridge respirators; required components.
84.192  Cartridges in parallel; resistance requirements.
84.193  Cartridges; color and markings; requirements.
84.194  Filters used with chemical cartridges; location; 
replacement.
84.195  Breathing tubes; minimum requirements.
84.196  Harnesses; installation and construction; minimum 
requirements.
84.197  Respirator containers; minimum requirements.
84.198  Half-mask facepieces, full facepieces, mouthpieces, hoods, 
and helmets; fit; minimum requirements.
84.199  Facepieces, hoods, and helmets; eyepieces; minimum 
requirements.
84.200  Inhalation and exhalation valves; minimum requirements.
84.201  Head harnesses; minimum requirements.
84.202  Air velocity and noise levels; hoods and helmets; minimum 
requirements.
84.203  Breathing resistance test; minimum requirements.
84.204  Exhalation valve leakage test; minimum requirements.
84.205  Facepiece test; minimum requirements.
84.206  Particulate tests; respirators with filters; minimum 
requirements; general.
84.207  Bench tests; gas and vapor tests; minimum requirements; 
general.

Tables to Subpart L of Part 84

Subpart M--[Reserved]

Subpart N--Special Use Respirators

84.250  Vinyl chloride respirators; description.
84.251  Required components.
84.252  Gas masks; requirements and tests.
84.253  Chemical-cartridge respirators; requirements and tests.
84.254  Powered air-purifying respirators; requirements and tests.
84.255  Requirements for end-of-service-life indicator.
84.256  Quality control requirements.
84.257  Labeling requirements.
84.258  Fees.

    Authority: 29 U.S.C. 577a, 651 et seq., and 657(g); 30 U.S.C. 3, 
5, 7, 811, 842(h), 844.

Subpart A--General Provisions


Sec. 84.1  Purpose.

    The purpose of the regulations contained in this part 84 is:
    (a) To establish procedures and prescribe requirements which must 
be met in filing applications for approval by the National Institute 
for Occupational Safety and Health of respirators or changes or 
modifications of approved respirators;
    (b) To establish a schedule of fees to be charged each applicant 
for the inspections, examinations, and testing conducted by the 
Institute under the provisions of this part;
    (c) To provide for the issuance of certificates of approval or 
modifications of certificates of approval for respirators which have 
met the applicable construction, performance, and respiratory 
protection requirements set forth in this part; and
    (d) To specify minimum requirements and to prescribe methods to be 
employed by the Institute and by the applicant in conducting 
inspections, examinations, and tests to determine the effectiveness of 
respirators used during entry into or escape from hazardous 
atmospheres.


Sec. 84.2  Definitions.

    As used in this part--
    (a) Applicant means an individual, partnership, company, 
corporation, association, or other organization that designs, 
manufactures, assembles, or controls the assembly of a respirator and 
who seeks to obtain a certificate of approval for such respirator.
    (b) Approval means a certificate or formal document issued by the 
Institute stating that an individual respirator or combination of 
respirators has met the minimum requirements of this part 84, and that 
the applicant is authorized to use and attach an approval label to any 
respirator, respirator container, or instruction card for any 
respirator manufactured or assembled in conformance with the plans and 
specifications upon which the approval was based, as evidence of such 
approval.
    (c) Approved means conforming to the minimum requirements of this 
part 84.
    (d) Auxiliary equipment means a self-contained breathing apparatus, 
the use of which is limited in underground mine rescue and recovery 
operations to situations where the wearer has ready access to fresh air 
and at least one crew equipped with approved self-contained breathing 
apparatus of 2 hours or longer rating, is in reserve at a fresh-air 
base.
    (e) Certification and Quality Assurance Branch means the 
Certification and Quality Assurance Branch, Division of Safety 
Research, Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Safety and Health, 
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 944 Chestnut 
Ridge Road, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888.
    (f) Compressed-breathing gas means oxygen or air stored in a 
compressed state and supplied to the wearer in gaseous form.
    (g) dBA means sound pressure levels in decibels, as measured with 
the A-weighted network of a standard sound level meter using slow 
response.
    (h) Dust means a solid mechanically produced particle with a size 
ranging from submicroscopic to macroscopic.
    (i) Respirators for entry into and escape from means respiratory 
devices providing protection during entry into and escape from 
hazardous atmospheres.
    (j) Respirators for escape only means respiratory devices providing 
protection only during escape from hazardous atmospheres.
    (k) A facepiece or mouthpiece is a respirator component designed to 
provide a gas-tight or dust-tight fit with the face and may include 
headbands, valves, and connections for canisters, cartridges, filters, 
or respirable gas source.
    (l) Final inspection means that activity carried out on a product 
after all manufacturing and assembly operations are completed to insure 
completeness and adherence to performance or other specifications, 
including satisfactory appearance.
    (m) Fume means a solid condensation particle, generally less than 1 
micrometer in diameter.
    (n) Gas means an aeriform fluid which is in a gaseous state at 
ordinary temperature and pressure.
    (o) Hazardous atmosphere means:
    (1) Any atmosphere containing a toxic or disease producing gas, 
vapor, dust, fume, mist, or pesticide, either immediately or not 
immediately dangerous to life or health; or
    (2) Any oxygen-deficient atmosphere.
    (p) A hood or helmet is a respirator component which covers the 
wearer's head and neck, or head, neck, and shoulders, and is supplied 
with incoming respirable air for the wearer to breathe. It may include 
a headharness and connection for a breathing tube.
    (q) Immediately dangerous to life or health means conditions that 
pose an immediate threat to life or health or conditions that pose an 
immediate threat of severe exposure to contaminants, such as 
radioactive materials, which are likely to have adverse cumulative or 
delayed effects on health.
    (r) Incoming inspection means the activity of receiving, examining, 
and accepting only those materials and parts whose quality conforms to 
specification requirements.
    (s) In-process inspection means the control of products at the 
source of production and at each step of the manufacturing process, so 
that departures from specifications can be corrected before defective 
components or materials are assembled into the finished product.
    (t) Institute means the National Institute for Occupational Safety 
and Health, Department of Health and Human Services.
    (u) Liquefied-breathing gas means oxygen or air stored in liquid 
form and supplied to the wearer in a gaseous form.
    (v) Mist means a liquid condensation particle with a size ranging 
from submicroscopic to macroscopic.
    (w) MSHA means the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. 
Department of Labor.
    (x) Not immediately dangerous to life or health means any hazardous 
atmosphere which may produce physical discomfort immediately, chronic 
poisoning after repeated exposure, or acute adverse physiological 
symptoms after prolonged exposure.
    (y) Oxygen-deficient atmosphere means an atmosphere which contains 
an oxygen partial pressure of less than 148 millimeters of mercury 
(19.5 percent by volume at sea level).
    (z) Powered air-purifying respirator means a device equipped with a 
facepiece, hood, or helmet, breathing tube, canister, cartridge, 
filter, canister with filter, or cartridge with filter, and a blower.
    (aa) Respirator means any device designed to provide the wearer 
with respiratory protection against inhalation of a hazardous 
atmosphere.
    (bb) Single-use respirator means a respirator that is entirely 
discarded after excessive resistance, sorbent exhaustion, or physical 
damage renders it unsuitable for further use.
    (cc) Vapor means the gaseous state of a substance that is solid or 
liquid at ordinary temperature and pressure.


Sec. 84.3  Incorporation by reference.

    Note: The technical publications referenced in this part 84, 
which have been prepared by organizations other than the Institute, 
were approved for incorporation by reference in 30 CFR part 11. The 
Institute will be submitting these publications for approval of the 
incorporation by reference by the Director of the Office of the 
Federal Register under this part 84 prior to the publication of a 
final rule.


Sec. 84.4  Respirators for mine rescue or other emergency use in mines.

    (a) (1) NIOSH and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), 
U.S. Department of Labor, shall jointly review and issue certifications 
for respirators used for mine emergencies and mine rescue, including 
any associated service-life plans, users' manuals and other supporting 
documentation.
    (2) Each certification for a respirator designed for mine rescue or 
other emergency use in mines shall include, as a condition of approval, 
any use limitations related to mine safety and health.
    (b) NIOSH and MSHA shall jointly determine appropriate recall and 
retrofit remedies for field complaints or identified deficiencies 
involving any respirators used in the mining environment.

Subpart B--Application for Approval


Sec. 84.10  Application procedures.

    (a) Inspection, examination, and testing leading to the approval of 
the types of respirators classified in subpart F of this part shall be 
undertaken by the Institute only pursuant to written applications which 
meet the minimum requirements set forth in this subpart B.
    (b) Applications shall be submitted to the Certification and 
Quality Assurance Branch, and shall be accompanied by a check, bank 
draft, or money order in the amount specified in subpart C of this 
part, payable to the order of the National Institute for Occupational 
Safety and Health.
    (c) Except as provided in Sec. 84.64, the examination, inspection, 
and testing of all respirators shall be conducted by the Certification 
and Quality Assurance Branch.
    (d) Applicants, manufacturers, or their representatives may visit 
or communicate with the Certification and Quality Assurance Branch in 
order to discuss the requirements for approval of any respirator or the 
proposed designs thereof. No charge shall be made for such consultation 
and no written report shall be issued to applicants, manufacturers, or 
their representatives by the Institute as a result of such 
consultation.
    (e) Respirators having electrical or electronic components that are 
required to be permissible under chapter I of title 30 shall be tested 
in accordance with 30 CFR part 18. Applications for approval of such 
respirators by MSHA shall be submitted in writing to: MSHA, Approval 
and Certification Center, Box 251, Industrial Park Road, Triadelphia, 
West Virginia 26059.


Sec. 84.11  Contents of application.

    (a) Each application for approval shall contain a complete written 
description of the respirator for which approval is requested together 
with drawings and specifications (and lists thereof) showing full 
details of construction of the respirator and of the materials used.
    (b) Drawings shall be titled, numbered, and dated; any revision 
dates shall be shown on the drawings, and the purpose of each revision 
being sought shall be shown on the drawing or described on an 
attachment to the drawing to which it applies.
    (c) Each application for approval shall contain a proposed plan for 
quality control which meets the minimum requirements set forth in 
subpart E of this part.
    (d) Each application shall contain a statement that the respirator 
has been pretested by the applicant as prescribed in Sec. 84.64, and 
shall include the results of such tests.
    (e) Each application for approval shall contain a statement that 
the respirator and component parts submitted for approval are either 
prototypes, or made on regular production tooling, with no operation 
included which will not be incorporated in regular production 
processing.


Sec. 84.12  Delivery of respirators and components by applicant; 
requirements.

    (a) Each applicant shall, when an application is filed pursuant to 
Sec. 84.10, be advised by the Institute of the total number of 
respirators and component parts required for testing.
    (b) The applicant shall deliver, at his own expense, the number of 
completely assembled respirators and component parts required for 
testing, to the Certification and Quality Assurance Branch.
    (c) Respirators and component parts submitted for approval must be 
made from materials specified in the application.
    (d) One completely assembled respirator approved under the 
provisions of this part may be retained by the Institute as a 
laboratory exhibit, the remaining respirators may be returned to the 
applicant at his own expense, upon written request within 30 days after 
notice of approval. If no such request is made, the respirators will be 
disposed of by the Institute in such manner as it deems appropriate.
    (e) Where a respirator fails to meet the requirements for approval 
set forth in this part, all respirators and components delivered in 
accordance with this section may be returned to the applicant at his 
own expense, upon written request within 30 days after notice of 
disapproval. If no such request is made, the respirators will be 
disposed of by the Institute in such manner as it deems appropriate.

Subpart C--Fees


Sec. 84.20  Examination, inspection, and testing of complete respirator 
assemblies; fees.

    Except as provided in Sec. 84.22, the following fees shall be 
charged by the Institute for the examination, inspection and testing of 
complete respirator assemblies: 

                                                                        
                                                                        
                                                                        
Self-contained breathing apparatus:                                     
  Entry and escape, 1 hour or more............................    $3,500
  Entry and escape, less than 1 hour..........................     2,750
  Escape only.................................................     2,000
Gas masks:                                                              
  Single hazard...............................................     1,100
  Type N......................................................     4,100
Supplied-air respirators......................................       750
Particulate respirators:                                                
  All Types...................................................     1,250
Chemical cartridge respirators................................    1,150 
                                                                        


Sec. 84.21  Examination, inspection, and testing of respirator 
components or subassemblies; fees.

    Except as provided in Sec. 84.22, the following fees shall be 
charged by the Institute for the examination, inspection and testing of 
the individual respirator components or subassemblies: 

                                                                        
                                                                        
                                                                        
Facepieces......................................................    $450
Canisters.......................................................     900
Cartridges......................................................     600
Filters.........................................................     650
Hoses...........................................................     250
Blowers.........................................................     250
Harnesses.......................................................    100 
                                                                        


Sec. 84.22  Unlisted fees; additional fees; payment by applicant prior 
to approval.

    (a) Applications for the examination, inspection and testing of 
complete respirator assemblies which are not listed in Sec. 84.20, or 
for the examination, inspection, and testing of respirator components 
or subassemblies which are not listed in Sec. 84.21, shall be 
accompanied by the following deposits: 

                                                                        
                                                                        
                                                                        
Complete respirator assembly..................................    $1,500
Each individual component or subassembly......................      500 
                                                                        


    (b) The Institute reserves the right to conduct any examination, 
inspection, or test it deems necessary to determine the quality and 
effectiveness of any listed or unlisted respirator assembly or 
respirator component or subassembly, and to assess the cost of such 
examinations, inspections, or tests against the applicant prior to the 
issuance of any approval for such assembly, component, or subassembly.
    (c) The fees charged for the examination, inspection, and testing 
of unlisted respirator assemblies, unlisted individual respirator 
components or subassemblies, and for the additional examination, 
inspection, and testing of listed respirator assemblies and components 
or subassemblies shall be at the rate of $100 per day for each man-day 
required to be expended by the Institute.
    (d) Upon completion of all examinations, inspections, and tests of 
unlisted respirator assemblies or components, or following the 
completion of any additional examination, inspections, or tests of 
listed assemblies, or components or subassemblies, including retesting 
subsequent to disapproval, the Institute shall advise the applicant in 
writing of the total cost assessed and the additional amount, if any, 
which must be paid to the Institute as a condition of approval.
    (e) In the event the amount assessed by the Institute for unlisted 
assemblies, or components or subassemblies is less than the amount of 
the deposit submitted in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, 
the Institute shall refund the overpayment upon the issuance of any 
approval or notice of disapproval.

Subpart D--Approval and Disapproval


Sec. 84.30  Certificates of approval; scope of approval.

    (a) The Institute shall issue certificates of approval pursuant to 
the provisions of this subpart only for individual, completely 
assembled respirators which have been examined, inspected, and tested, 
and which meet the minimum requirements set forth in subparts H through 
L of this part, as applicable.
    (b) The Institute will not issue certificates of approval for any 
respirator component or for any respirator subassembly.
    (c) The Institute shall not issue an informal notification of 
approval. However, if the application for approval, submitted in 
accordance with Sec. 84.11, states that the submitted respirator and 
component parts are only prototypes, the Institute will examine, 
inspect, and test such respirator and component parts in accordance 
with the provisions of this part 84. If, upon completion of such 
examinations, inspections and tests, it is found that the prototype 
meets the minimum requirements set forth in this part, the Institute 
may inform the applicant, in writing, of the results of the 
examinations, inspections, and tests, and may require him to resubmit 
respirators and component parts made on regular production tooling, 
with no operations included which will not be incorporated in regular 
production processing, for further examination, inspection, and 
testing, prior to issuance of the certificate of approval.
    (d) Applicants required to resubmit respirators and component parts 
made on regular production tooling, with no operation included which 
will not be incorporated in regular production processing, shall be 
charged fees in accordance with subpart C of this part.


Sec. 84.31  Certificates of approval; contents.

    (a) The certificate of approval shall contain a classification and 
a description of the respirator or combination of respirators for which 
it is issued, as provided in this part.
    (b) The certificate of approval shall specifically set forth any 
restrictions or limitations on the respirator's use in hazardous 
atmospheres.
    (c) Each certificate of approval shall be accompanied by the 
drawings and specifications (and lists thereof) submitted by the 
applicant in accordance with Sec. 84.11. These drawings and 
specifications shall be referenced in the certificate of approval, and 
shall be maintained by the applicant. The drawings and specifications 
listed in each certificate of approval shall set forth in detail the 
design and construction requirements which shall be met by the 
applicant during commercial production of the respirator.
    (d) Each certificate of approval shall be accompanied by a 
reproduction of the approval label design to be employed by the 
applicant with each approved respirator, as provided in Sec. 84.33.
    (e) No test data or specific laboratory findings will accompany any 
certificate of approval, however, the Institute will release pertinent 
test data and specific findings upon written request by the applicant, 
or as required by statute or regulation.
    (f) Each certificate of approval shall also contain the approved 
quality control plan as specified in Sec. 84.42.


Sec. 84.32  Notice of disapproval.

    (a) If, upon the completion of the examinations, inspections, and 
tests required to be conducted in accordance with the provisions of 
this part, it is found that the respirator does not meet the minimum 
requirements set forth in this part, the Institute shall issue a 
written notice of disapproval to the applicant.
    (b) Each notice of disapproval shall be accompanied by all 
pertinent data or findings with respect to the defects of the 
respirator for which approval was sought with a view to the possible 
correction of any such defects.
    (c) The Institute shall not disclose, except to the applicant or as 
required by statute or regulation, any data, findings, or other 
information with respect to any respirator for which a notice of 
disapproval is issued.


Sec. 84.33  Approval labels and markings; approval of contents; use.

    (a) Full-scale reproductions of approval labels and markings, and a 
sketch or description of the method of application and position on the 
harness, container, canister, cartridge, filter, or other component, 
together with instructions for the use and maintenance of the 
respirator shall be submitted to the Institute for approval.
    (b) Approval labels shall bear the emblem of the National Institute 
for Occupational Safety and Health and the seal of the Department of 
Health and Human Services, the applicant's name and address, an 
approval number assigned by the Institute and, where appropriate, 
restrictions or limitations placed upon the use of the respirator by 
the Institute. The approval number assigned by the Institute shall be 
designated by the prefix TC and a serial number.
    (c) The Institute shall, where necessary, notify the applicant when 
additional labels, markings, or instructions will be required.
    (d) Approval labels and markings shall only be used by the 
applicant to whom they were issued.
    (e) Legible reproductions or abbreviated forms of the label 
approved by the Institute for use on each respirator shall be attached 
to or printed at the following locations:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Respirator type             Label type                 Location      
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Self-contained         Entire....................  Harness assembly and 
 breathing apparatus.                               canister (where     
                                                    applicable).        
Gas mask.............  Entire....................  Mask container and   
                                                    canister.           
Supplied air           ......do..................  Respirator container 
 respirator.                                        or instruction card.
Particulate            ......do..................  Respirator container 
 respirator.                                        and filter          
                                                    container.          
                       Abbreviated...............  Filters.             
Chemical-cartridge     Entire....................  Respirator container,
 respirator.                                        cartridge container,
                                                    and filter          
                                                    containers (where   
                                                    applicable).        
                       Abbreviated...............  Cartridges and       
                                                    filters and filter  
                                                    containers.         
------------------------------------------------------------------------


    (f) The use of any Institute approval label obligates the applicant 
to whom it is issued to maintain or cause to be maintained the approved 
quality control sampling schedule and the acceptable quality level for 
each characteristic tested, and to assure that it is manufactured 
according to the drawings and specifications upon which the certificate 
of approval is based.
    (g) Each respirator, respirator component, and respirator container 
shall, as required by the Institute to assure quality control and 
proper use of the respirator, be labeled distinctly to show the name of 
the applicant, and the name and letters or numbers by which the 
respirator or respirator component is designated for trade purposes, 
and the lot number, serial number, or approximate date of manufacture.


Sec. 84.34  Revocation of certificates of approval.

    The Institute reserves the right to revoke, for cause, any 
certificate of approval issued pursuant to the provisions of this part. 
Such causes include, but are not limited to, misuse of approval labels 
and markings, misleading advertising, and failure to maintain or cause 
to be maintained the quality control requirements of the certificate of 
approval.


Sec. 84.35  Changes or modification of approved respirators; issuance 
of modification of certificate of approval.

    (a) Each applicant may, if he desires to change any feature of an 
approved respirator, request a modification of the original certificate 
of approval issued by the Institute for such respirator by filing an 
application for such modification in accordance with the provisions of 
this section.
    (b) Applications shall be submitted as for an original certificate 
of approval, with a request for a modification of the existing 
certificate to cover any proposed change.
    (c) The application shall be accompanied by appropriate drawings 
and specifications, and by a proposed quality control plan which meets 
the requirements of subpart E of this part.
    (d) The application for modification together with the accompanying 
material, shall be examined by the Institute to determine whether 
testing will be required.
    (e) The Institute shall inform the applicant of the fee required 
for any additional testing and the applicant will be charged for the 
actual cost of any examination, inspection, or test required, and such 
fees shall be submitted in accordance with the provisions of subpart C 
of this part.
    (f) If the proposed change or modification meets the requirements 
of this part, a formal certificate of modification will be issued, 
accompanied, where necessary, by a list of new and revised drawings and 
specifications covering the change(s) and reproductions of revised 
approval labels.


Sec. 84.36  Delivery of changed or modified approved respirator.

    An approved respirator for which a formal certificate of 
modification has been issued shall be delivered, with proper markings 
and containers, by the applicant to the Certification and Quality 
Assurance Branch, as soon as it is commercially produced.

Subpart E--Quality Control


Sec. 84.40  Quality control plans; filing requirements.

    As a part of each application for approval or modification of 
approval submitted pursuant to this part, each applicant shall file 
with the Institute a proposed quality control plan which shall be 
designed to assure the quality of respiratory protection provided by 
the respirator for which approval is sought.


Sec. 84.41  Quality control plans; contents.

    (a) Each quality control plan shall contain provisions for the 
management of quality, including:
    (1) Requirements for the production of quality data and the use of 
quality control records;
    (2) Control of engineering drawings, documentations, and changes;
    (3) Control and calibration of measuring and test equipment;
    (4) Control of purchased material to include incoming inspection;
    (5) Lot identification, control of processes, manufacturing, 
fabrication, and assembly work conducted in the applicant's plant;
    (6) Audit of final inspection of the completed product; and,
    (7) The organizational structure necessary to carry out these 
provisions.
    (b) Each provision for incoming and final inspection in the quality 
control plan shall include a procedure for the selection of a sample of 
respirators and the components thereof for testing, in accordance with 
procedures set forth in Military Standard MIL-STD-105D, ``Sampling 
Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes,'' or Military 
Standard MIL-STD-414, ``Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection 
by Variables for Percent Defective,'' or an approved equivalent 
sampling procedure, or an approved combination of sampling procedures. 
Incoming bulk raw material inspection or verification of specification, 
and in-process inspection shall be sufficient to ensure control of 
product quality through the manufacturing cycle.
    (c) The sampling procedure shall include a list of the 
characteristics to be tested by the applicant or his agent.
    (d) The characteristics listed in accordance with paragraph (c) of 
this section shall be classified according to the potential effect of 
such defect and grouped into the following classes:
    (1) Critical. A defect that judgment and experience indicate is 
likely to result in a condition immediately hazardous to life or health 
for individuals using or depending upon the respirator;
    (2) Major A. A defect, other than critical, that is likely to 
result in failure to the degree that the respirator does not provide 
any respiratory protection, or a defect that reduces protection and is 
not detectable by the user;
    (3) Major B. A defect, other than Major A or critical, that is 
likely to result in reduced respiratory protection, and is detectable 
by the user; and
    (4) Minor. A defect that is not likely to materially reduce the 
usability of the respirator for its intended purpose, or a defect that 
is a departure from established standards and has little bearing on the 
effective use or operation of the respirator.
    (e) The quality control inspection test method to be used by the 
applicant or his agent for each characteristic required to be tested 
shall be described in detail.
    (f) Each item manufactured shall be 100 percent inspected for 
defects in all critical characteristics and all defective items shall 
be rejected.
    (g) The Acceptable Quality Level (AQL) for each major or minor 
defect so classified by the applicant shall be:
    (1) Major A. 1.0 percent;
    (2) Major B. 2.5 percent; and
    (3) Minor. 4.0 percent.
    (h) Except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section, inspection 
level II as described in MIL-STD-105D, or inspection level IV as 
described in MIL-STD-414, shall be used for major and minor 
characteristics and 100 percent inspection for critical 
characteristics.
    (i) Subject to the approval of the Institute, where the quality 
control plan provisions for raw material, processes, manufacturing, and 
fabrication, inspections are adequate to insure control of finished 
article quality, destructive testing of finished articles may be 
conducted at a lower level of inspection than that specified in 
paragraph (h) of this section.


Sec. 84.42  Proposed quality control plans; approval by the Institute.

    (a) Each proposed quality control plan submitted in accordance with 
this subpart shall be reviewed by the Institute to determine its 
effectiveness in insuring the quality of respiratory protection 
provided by the respirator for which an approval is sought.
    (b) If the Institute determines that the proposed quality control 
plan submitted by the applicant will not insure adequate quality 
control, the Institute shall require the applicant to modify the 
procedures and testing requirements of the plan prior to approval of 
the plan and issuance of any certificate of approval.
    (c) Approved quality control plans shall constitute a part of and 
be incorporated into any certificate of approval issued by the 
Institute, and compliance with such plans by the applicant shall be a 
condition of approval.


Sec. 84.43  Quality control records; review by the Institute; 
revocation of approval.

    (a) The applicant shall keep quality control inspection records 
sufficient to carry out the procedures required in MIL-STD-105D or MIL-
STD-414, or an approved equivalent sampling procedure.
    (b) The Institute reserves the right to have its representatives 
inspect the applicant's quality control test methods, equipment, and 
records, and to interview any employee or agent of the applicant in 
regard to quality control test methods, equipment, and records.
    (c) The Institute reserves the right to revoke, for cause any 
certificate of approval where it is found that the applicant's quality 
control test methods, equipment, or records do not insure effective 
quality control over the respirator for which the approval was issued.

Subpart F--Classification of Approved Respirators; Scope of 
Approval; Atmospheric Hazards; Service Time


Sec. 84.50  Types of respirators to be approved; scope of approval.

    Approvals shall be issued for the types of respirators which have 
been classified pursuant to this subpart F, have been inspected, 
examined and tested by the Institute, in accordance with the provisions 
of subparts G through L of this part, and have been found to provide 
respiratory protection for fixed periods of time against the hazards 
specified in such approval.


Sec. 84.51  Entry and escape, or escape only; classification.

    Respirators described in subparts H through L of this part shall be 
classified for use as follows:
    (a) Entry and escape. Respirators designed and approved for use 
during entry into a hazardous atmosphere, and for escape from a 
hazardous atmosphere; or
    (b) Escape only. Respirators designed and approved for use only 
during escape from a hazardous atmosphere.


Sec. 84.52  Respiratory hazards; classification.

    Respirators described in subparts H through L of this part shall be 
classified as approved for use against any or all of the following 
respiratory hazards:
    (a) Oxygen deficiency;
    (b) Gases and vapors; and
    (c) Particles, including dusts, fumes and mists.


Sec. 84.53  Service time; classification.

    (a) Respirators described in subparts H through L of this part 
shall be classified, where applicable, as approved for use during the 
following prescribed service times:
    (1) Four hours;
    (2) Three hours;
    (3) Two hours;
    (4) One hour;
    (5) Forty-five minutes;
    (6) Thirty minutes;
    (7) Fifteen minutes;
    (8) Ten minutes;
    (9) Five minutes; or
    (10) Three minutes.
    (b) Other service times may be prescribed by the Institute.

Subpart G--General Construction and Performance Requirements


Sec. 84.60  Construction and performance requirements; general.

    (a) The Institute shall issue approvals for the types of 
respirators described in subparts H through L of this part which have 
met the minimum requirements set forth for such respirators in this 
part 84.
    (b) In addition to the types of respirators specified in subparts H 
through L of this part, the Institute shall issue approvals for other 
respiratory protective devices not specifically described in this part 
84 subject to such additional requirements as may be imposed in 
accordance with Sec. 84.63(c).


Sec. 84.61  General construction requirements.

    (a) Respirators will not be accepted by the Institute for 
examination, inspection and testing unless they are designed on sound 
engineering and scientific principles, constructed of suitable 
materials and evidence good workmanship.
    (b) Respirator components which come into contact with the wearer's 
skin shall be made of nonirritating materials.
    (c) Components replaced during or after use shall be constructed of 
materials which will not be damaged by normal handling.
    (d) Mouthpieces, hoods, helmets, and facepieces, except those 
employed in single-use respirators, shall be constructed of materials 
which will withstand repeated disinfection as recommended by the 
applicant in his instructions for use of the device.


Sec. 84.62  Component parts; minimum requirements.

    (a) The component parts of each respirator shall be:
    (1) Designed, constructed, and fitted to insure against creation of 
any hazard to the wearer;
    (2) Assembled to permit easy access for inspection and repair of 
functional parts; and
    (3) Assembled to permit easy access to parts which require periodic 
cleaning and disinfecting.
    (b) Replacement parts shall be designed and constructed to permit 
easy installation and to maintain the effectiveness of the respirator.


Sec. 84.63  Test requirements; general.

    (a) Each respirator and respirator component shall when tested by 
the applicant and by the Institute, meet the applicable requirements 
set forth in subparts H through L of this part.
    (b) Where a combination respirator is assembled from two or more 
types of respirators, as described in this part, each of the individual 
respirator types which have been combined shall, as applicable, meet 
the minimum requirements for such respirators set forth in subparts H 
through L of this part, and such combination respirators, except as 
specified in Sec. 84.70(b)(2), will be classified by the type of 
respirator in the combination which provides the least protection to 
the user.
    (c) In addition to the minimum requirements set forth in subparts H 
through L of this part, the Institute reserves the right to require, as 
a further condition of approval, any additional requirements deemed 
necessary to establish the quality, effectiveness, and safety of any 
respirator used as protection against hazardous atmospheres.
    (d) Where it is determined after receipt of an application that 
additional requirements will be required for approval, the Institute 
will notify the applicant in writing of these additional requirements, 
and necessary examinations, inspections, or tests, stating generally 
the reasons for such requirements, examinations, inspections, or tests.


Sec. 84.64  Pretesting by applicant; approval of test methods.

    (a) Prior to making or filing any application for approval or 
modification of approval, the applicant shall conduct, or cause to be 
conducted, examinations, inspections, and tests of respirator 
performance which are equal to or exceed the severity of those 
prescribed in this part.
    (b) With the application, the applicant shall provide a statement 
to the Institute showing the types and results of the examinations, 
inspections, and tests required under paragraph (a) of this section and 
state that the respirator meets the minimum requirements of subparts H 
through L of this part, as applicable. Complete examination, 
inspection, and test data shall be retained on file by the applicant 
and be submitted, upon request, to the Institute.
    (c) The Institute may, upon written request by the applicant, 
provide drawings and descriptions of its test equipment and otherwise 
assist the applicant in establishing a test laboratory or securing the 
services of a testing agency.
    (d) No approval will be issued until the Institute has validated 
the applicant's test results.


Sec. 84.65  Conduct of examinations, inspections, and tests by the 
Institute; assistance by applicant; observers; recorded data; public 
demonstrations.

    (a) All examinations, inspections, and tests conducted pursuant to 
subparts H through L of this part will be under the sole direction and 
control of the Institute.
    (b) The Institute may, as a condition of approval, require the 
assistance of the applicant or agents of the applicant during the 
assembly, disassembly, or preparation of any respirator or respirator 
component prior to testing or in the operation of such equipment during 
testing.
    (c) Only Institute personnel, persons assisting the Institute 
pursuant to paragraph (b) of this section, and such other persons as 
are requested by the Institute or the applicant to be observers, shall 
be present during any examination, inspection, or test conducted prior 
to the issuance of an approval by the Institute for the equipment under 
consideration.
    (d) The Institute shall hold as confidential any analyses, 
drawings, specifications, or materials submitted by the applicant and 
shall not disclose any principles or patentable features of such 
equipment, except as required by statute or regulation.
    (e) As a condition of each approval issued for any respirator, the 
Institute reserves the right, following the issuance of such approval, 
to conduct such public tests and demonstrations of the approved 
respiratory equipment as is deemed appropriate.


Sec. 84.66  Withdrawal of applications; refund of fees.

    (a) Any applicant may, upon a written request submitted to the 
Institute, withdraw any application for approval of any respirator.
    (b) Upon receipt of a written request for the withdrawal of an 
application, the Institute shall determine the total man-days expended 
and the amount due for services already performed during the course of 
any examinations, inspections, or tests conducted pursuant to such 
application. The total amount due shall be determined in accordance 
with the provisions of Sec. 84.22 and assessed against the fees 
submitted by the applicant. If the total amount assessed is less than 
the fees submitted, the Institute shall refund the balance together 
with a statement of the charges made for services rendered.

Subpart H--Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus


Sec. 84.70  Self-contained breathing apparatus; description.

    (a) Self-contained breathing apparatus, including all completely 
assembled, portable, self-contained devices designed for use as 
respiratory protection during entry into and escape from or escape only 
from hazardous atmospheres, are described as follows:
    (1) Closed-circuit apparatus. An apparatus of the type in which the 
exhalation is rebreathed by the wearer after the carbon dioxide has 
been effectively removed and a suitable oxygen concentration restored 
from sources composed of:
    (i) Compressed oxygen; or
    (ii) Chemical oxygen; or
    (iii) Liquid-oxygen.
    (2) Open-circuit apparatus. An apparatus of the following types 
from which exhalation is vented to the atmosphere and not rebreathed:
    (i) Demand-type apparatus. An apparatus in which the pressure 
inside the facepiece in relation to the immediate environment is 
positive during exhalation and negative during inhalation; or
    (ii) Pressure-demand-type apparatus. An apparatus in which the 
pressure inside the facepiece in relation to the immediate environment 
is positive during both inhalation and exhalation.
    (b) The following respirators may be classified as designed and 
approved for use during emergency entry into a hazardous atmosphere:
    (1) A combination respirator which includes a self-contained 
breathing apparatus; and
    (2) A Type ``C'' or Type ``CE'' supplied air respirator, where--
    (i) The self-contained breathing apparatus is classified for 3-, 5-
, or 10-minute service time and the air line supply is used during 
entry; or
    (ii) The self-contained breathing apparatus is classified for 15 
minutes or longer service time and not more than 20 percent of the 
rated capacity of the air supply is used during entry.
    (c) Self-contained breathing apparatus classified for less than 1 
hour service time will not be approved for use during underground mine 
rescue and recovery operations except as auxiliary equipment.
    (d) Self-contained breathing apparatus classified for less than 30 
minutes' service time will not be approved for use as auxiliary 
equipment during underground mine rescue and recovery operations.


Sec. 84.71  Self-contained breathing apparatus; required components.

    (a) Each self-contained breathing apparatus described in Sec. 84.70 
shall, where its design requires, contain the following component 
parts:
    (1) Facepiece or mouthpiece, and noseclip;
    (2) Respirable breathing gas container;
    (3) Supply of respirable breathing gas;
    (4) Gas pressure or liquid level gages;
    (5) Timer;
    (6) Remaining service life indicator or warning device;
    (7) Hand-operated valves;
    (8) Breathing bag;
    (9) Safety relief valve or safety relief system; and
    (10) Harness.
    (b) The components of each self-contained breathing apparatus shall 
meet the minimum construction requirements set forth in subpart G of 
this part.


Sec. 84.72  Breathing tubes; minimum requirements.

    Flexible breathing tubes used in conjunction with breathing 
apparatus shall be designed and constructed to prevent:
    (a) Restriction of free head movement;
    (b) Disturbance of the fit of facepieces and mouthpieces;
    (c) Interference with the wearer's activities; and
    (d) Shutoff of airflow due to kinking, or from chin or arm 
pressure.


Sec. 84.73  Harnesses; installation and construction; minimum 
requirements.

    (a) Each apparatus shall, where necessary, be equipped with a 
suitable harness designed and constructed to hold the components of the 
apparatus in position against the wearer's body.
    (b) Harnesses shall be designed and constructed to permit easy 
removal and replacement of apparatus parts and, where applicable, 
provide for holding a full facepiece in the ready position when not in 
use.


Sec. 84.74  Apparatus containers; minimum requirements.

    (a) Apparatus may be equipped with a substantial, durable container 
bearing markings which show the applicant's name, the type and 
commercial designation of the respirator it contains, and all 
appropriate approval labels.
    (b) Containers supplied by the applicant for carrying or storing 
self-contained breathing apparatus will be inspected, examined, and 
tested as components of the respirator for which approval is sought.
    (c) Containers for self-contained breathing apparatus shall be 
designed and constructed to permit easy removal of the apparatus.


Sec. 84.75  Half-mask facepieces, full facepieces, mouthpieces; fit; 
minimum requirements.

    (a) Half-mask facepieces and full facepieces shall be designed and 
constructed to fit persons with various facial shapes and sizes, 
either:
    (1) By providing more than one facepiece size; or
    (2) By providing one facepiece size which will fit varying facial 
shapes and sizes.
    (b) Full facepieces shall provide for the optional use of 
corrective spectacles or lenses which shall not reduce the respiratory 
protective qualities of the apparatus.
    (c) Apparatus with mouthpieces shall be equipped with noseclips 
which are securely attached to the mouthpiece or apparatus and provide 
an airtight seal.
    (d) Facepieces shall be designed to prevent eyepiece, spectacle, 
and lens fogging.


Sec. 84.76  Facepieces; eyepieces; minimum requirements.

    (a) Facepieces shall be designed and constructed to provide 
adequate vision which is not distorted by the eyepiece.
    (b) All eyepieces shall be designed and constructed to meet the 
impact and penetration requirements specified in Federal Specification, 
Mask, Air Line, and Respirator, Air Filtering, Industrial, GGG-M-125d, 
October 11, 1965. This Federal Specification is available from the 
Government Printing Office or the General Services Administration.


Sec. 84.77  Inhalation and exhalation valves; minimum requirements.

    (a) Inhalation and exhalation valves shall be provided where 
necessary and protected against damage and distortion.
    (b) Exhalation valves shall be:
    (1) Protected against external influence; and
    (2) Designed and constructed to prevent inward leakage of 
contaminated air.


Sec. 84.78  Head harnesses; minimum requirements.

    (a) Facepieces shall be equipped with adjustable and replaceable 
head harnesses designed and constructed to provide adequate tension 
during suspension and an even distribution of pressure over the entire 
area in contact with the face.
    (b) Mouthpieces shall be equipped, where applicable, with 
adjustable and replaceable harnesses designed and constructed to hold 
the mouthpiece in place.


Sec. 84.79  Breathing gas; minimum requirements.

    (a) Breathing gas used to supply apparatus shall be respirable and 
contain no less than 19.5 (dry atmosphere) volume percent of oxygen.
    (b) Oxygen, including liquid oxygen, shall meet the minimum 
requirements for medical or breathing oxygen set forth in the U.S. 
Pharmacopeia.
    (c) Compressed, gaseous breathing air shall meet the applicable 
minimum grade requirements for Type I gaseous air set forth in the 
Compressed Gas Association Commodity Specification for Air, G-7.1 
(Grade D or higher quality).
    (d) Compressed, liquefied breathing air shall meet the applicable 
minimum grade requirements for Type II liquid air set forth in the 
Compressed Gas Association Commodity Specification for Air, G-7.1 
(Grade B or higher quality).


Sec. 84.80  Interchangeability of oxygen and air prohibited.

    Approvals shall not be issued by the Institute for any apparatus, 
combination of respirator assemblies, or any apparatus or respirator 
component which is designed or constructed to permit the 
interchangeable use of oxygen and air.


Sec. 84.81  Compressed breathing gas and liquefied breathing gas 
containers; minimum requirements.

    (a) Compressed breathing gas and liquefied breathing gas containers 
shall meet the minimum requirements of the Department of Transportation 
for interstate shipment of such containers when fully charged.
    (b) Such containers shall be permanently and legibly marked to 
identify their contents, e.g., compressed breathing air, compressed 
breathing oxygen, liquefied breathing air, or liquefied breathing 
oxygen.
    (c) Containers normally removed from apparatus for refilling shall 
be equipped with a dial indicating gage which shows the pressure in the 
container.
    (d) Compressed breathing gas contained valves or a separate 
charging system or adapter provided with each apparatus shall be 
equipped with outlet threads specified for the service by the American 
National Standard for Compressed Gas Cylinder Valve Outlet and Inlet 
Connections, B57.1 (1965), obtainable from American National Standards 
Institute, Inc., 1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018.


Sec. 84.82  Gas pressure gages; minimum requirements.

    (a) Gas pressure gages employed on compressed breathing gas 
containers shall be calibrated in pounds per square inch.
    (b) Liquid-level gages shall be calibrated in fractions of total 
container capacity, or in units of liquid volume.
    (c) Gas pressure gages other than those specified in paragraphs (a) 
and (b) of this section shall be calibrated in:
    (1) Pounds per square inch; or
    (2) In fractions of total container capacity; or
    (3) Both in pounds per square inch and fractions of total container 
capacity.
    (d)(1) Dial-indicating gages shall be reliable to within 
5 percent of full scale when tested both up and down the 
scale at each of 5 equal intervals.
    (2) The full-scale graduation of dial-indicating gages shall not 
exceed 150 percent of the maximum rated cylinder pressures specified 
for the container in applicable Department of Transportation 
specifications or permits.
    (e)(1) Stem-type gages shall be readable by sight and by touch and 
shall have a stem travel distance of not less than one-fourth inch 
between each graduation.
    (2) A minimum of five graduations shall be engraved on the stem of 
each gage and these graduations shall include readings for empty, one-
quarter, one-half, three-quarters, and full.
    (3) Stem gage readings shall not vary from true readings by more 
than one-sixteenth inch per inch of stem travel.
    (f) The loss of gas through a broken gage or severed gage 
connection shall not exceed 70 liters per minute when the cylinder 
pressure is 6,900 kN/m.\2\ (1,000 pounds per square inch gage) or when 
the liquid level is at one-half.
    (g) Where gages are connected to the apparatus through a gage line, 
the gage and line shall be capable of being isolated from the apparatus 
except where the failure of the gage or line would not impair the 
performance or service life of the apparatus.
    (h) Oxygen pressure gages shall have the words ``Oxygen'' and ``Use 
No Oil'' marked prominently on the gage.
    (i)(1) Apparatus using compressed breathing gas, except apparatus 
classified for escape only, shall be equipped with gages visible to the 
wearer which indicate the remaining gas content in the container.
    (2) Apparatus using liquefied breathing gas, except apparatus 
classified for escape only, shall be equipped with gages visible to the 
wearer which indicate the remaining liquid content in the container; 
however, where the liquid content cannot be rapidly vented, and the 
service time of the device begins immediately after filling, a timer 
shall be provided in place of a visible gage.


Sec. 84.83  Timers; elapsed time indicators; remaining service life 
indicators; minimum requirements.

    (a) Elapsed time indicators shall be provided for apparatus with a 
chemical oxygen source, except:
    (1) Apparatus used for escape only; or
    (2) Liquefied breathing gas apparatus equipped with gages visible 
to the wearer which indicate the remaining liquid content in the 
container.
    (b) The timer or other indicator shall be accurately calibrated in 
minutes of remaining service life.
    (c) Timers shall be readable by sight and by touch during use by 
the wearer.
    (d) Timers shall be equipped with automatically preset alarms which 
will warn the wearer for a period of 7 seconds or more after the preset 
time has elapsed.
    (e) Remaining service-life indicators or warning devices shall be 
provided in addition to a pressure gage on compressed gas self-
contained breathing apparatus, except apparatus used for escape only, 
and shall operate automatically without preadjustment by the wearer.
    (f) Each remaining service-life indicator or warning device shall 
give an alarm when the remaining service life of the apparatus is 
reduced within a range of 20 to 25 percent of its rated service time.


Sec. 84.84  Hand-operated valves; minimum requirements.

    (a) Hand-operated valves shall be designed and constructed to 
prevent removal of the stem from the valve body during normal usage to 
insure against a sudden release of the full pressure of the container 
when the valve is opened.
    (b) Valves shall be designed or positioned to prevent accidental 
opening and closing, and damage from external forces.
    (c) Valves operated during use of the apparatus shall be installed 
in locations where they can be readily adjusted by the wearer.
    (d) Main-line valves, designed and constructed to conserve gas in 
the event of a regulator or demand valve failure, shall be provided in 
addition to gas container valves, except when such failure will not 
affect performance.
    (e) Hand-operated bypass systems designed and constructed to permit 
the wearer to breathe and to conserve his gas supply in the event of a 
regulator or demand valve failure, shall be provided where necessary.
    (f) Valves installed on apparatus shall be clearly distinguishable 
from one another by sight and touch.
    (g) The bypass system valve control shall be colored red.
    (h) A main-line or bypass valve or system will not be required on 
apparatus for escape only.
    (i) Safety relief valves or systems, designed and constructed to 
release excess pressure in the breathing circuit, shall be provided on 
closed-circuit apparatus, and shall meet the following requirements:
    (1) The relief valve or system shall operate automatically when the 
pressure in the breathing circuit on the inhalation side of the 
breathing bag reaches 13 mm. (one-half inch) water-column height of 
pressure above the minimum pressure required to fill the breathing bag, 
within the breathing resistance requirements for the apparatus.
    (2) The relief valve or system shall be designed to prevent 
external atmospheres from entering the breathing circuit.
    (3) The relief valve or system shall be designed to permit manual 
overriding for test purposes and in the event of a failure in the valve 
or system.


Sec. 84.85  Breathing bags; minimum requirements.

    (a) Breathing bags shall have sufficient volume to prevent gas 
waste during exhalation and to provide an adequate reserve for 
inhalation.
    (b) Breathing bags shall be constructed of materials which are 
flexible and resistant to gasoline vapors.
    (c) Breathing bags shall be installed in a location which will 
protect them from damage or collapse by external forces, except on 
apparatus classified for escape only.


Sec. 84.86  Component parts exposed to oxygen pressures; minimum 
requirements.

    Each applicant shall certify that the materials employed in the 
construction of component parts exposed to oxygen pressures above 
atmospheric pressure are safe and compatible for their intended use.


Sec. 84.87  Compressed gas filters; minimum requirements.

    All self-contained breathing apparatus using compressed gas shall 
have a filter downstream of the gas source to effectively remove 
particles from the gas stream.


Sec. 84.88  Breathing bag test.

    (a) Breathing bags will be tested in an air atmosphere saturated 
with gasoline vapor at room temperature (24-30  deg.C./75-85  deg.F.) 
for a continuous period of twice the rated time of the apparatus 
(except for apparatus for escape only where the test period shall be 
the rated time of the apparatus).
    (b) The bag will be operated during this test by a breathing 
machine with 24 respirations per minute and a minute-volume of 40 
liters.
    (c) A breathing machine cam with a work rate of 622 kg.-m./min. 
will be used.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\Silverman, L., G. Lee, T. Plotkin, L. Amory, and A. R. 
Yancey, Fundamental Factors in Design of Protective Equipment, 
O.S.R.D. Report No. 5732, issued Apr. 1, 1945. The dimensions of the 
breathing machine cam are available from the Institute upon request.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (d) The air within the bag(s) shall not contain more than 100 parts 
per million of gasoline vapor at the end of the test.


Sec. 84.89  Weight requirement.

    (a) The completely assembled and fully charged apparatus shall not 
weigh more than 16 kg. (35 pounds); however, where the weight decreases 
by more than 25 percent of its initial charge weight during its rated 
service life, the maximum allowable weight of a completely assembled 
and fully charged apparatus shall be 18 kg. (40 pounds).
    (b) Where an apparatus employs equipment which contributes 
materially to the wearer's comfort, e.g., a cooling system, the 
completely assembled and fully charged apparatus shall not weigh more 
than 18 kg. (40 pounds) regardless of the decrease in weight during 
use.


Sec. 84.90  Breathing resistance test; inhalation.

    (a) Resistance to inhalation airflow will be measured in the 
facepiece or mouthpiece while the apparatus is operated by a breathing 
machine as described in Sec. 84.88.
    (b) The inhalation resistance of open-circuit apparatus shall not 
exceed 32 mm. (1.25 inch) water-column height (at a flow rate of 120 
liters per minute).
    (c) The inhalation resistance of closed-circuit apparatus shall not 
exceed the difference between exhalation resistance (Sec. 84.91(e)) and 
10 cm. (4 inches) water-column height.


Sec. 84.91  Breathing resistance test; exhalation.

    (a) Resistance to exhalation airflow will be measured in the 
facepiece or mouthpiece of open-circuit apparatus with air flowing at a 
continuous rate of 85 liters per minute.
    (b) The exhalation resistance of demand apparatus shall not exceed 
25 mm. (1 inch) water-column height.
    (c) The exhalation resistance of pressure-demand apparatus shall 
not exceed the static pressure in the facepiece by more than 51 mm. (2 
inches) water-column height.
    (d) The static pressure (at zero flow) in the facepiece shall not 
exceed 38 mm. (1.5 inches) water-column height.
    (e) Resistance to exhalation airflow will be measured in the 
facepiece or mouthpiece of closed-circuit apparatus with a breathing 
machine as described in Sec. 84.88, and the exhalation resistance shall 
not exceed 51 mm. (2 inches) water-column height.


Sec. 84.92  Exhalation valve leakage test.

    (a) Dry exhalation valves and valve seats will be subjected to a 
suction of 25 mm. (1 inch) water-column height while in a normal 
operating position.
    (b) Leakage between the valve and the valve seat shall not exceed 
30 milliliters per minute.


Sec. 84.93  Gas flow test; open-circuit apparatus.

    (a) A static-flow test will be performed on all open-circuit 
apparatus.
    (b) The flow from the apparatus shall be greater than 200 liters 
per minute when the pressure in the facepiece of demand-apparatus is 
lowered by 51 mm. (2 inches) water-column height when full container 
pressure is applied.
    (c) Where pressure demand apparatus are tested, the flow will be 
measured at zero gage pressure in the facepiece.
    (d) Where apparatus with compressed-breathing-gas containers are 
tested, the flow test shall also be made with 3,450 kN/m.2 (500 
p.s.i.g.) container pressure applied.


Sec. 84.94  Gas flow test; closed-circuit apparatus.

    (a) Where oxygen is supplied by a constant-flow device only, the 
rate of flow shall be at least 3 liters per minute for the entire rated 
service time of the apparatus.
    (b) Where constant flow is used in conjunction with demand flow, 
the constant flow shall be greater than 1.5 liters per minute for the 
entire rated service time.
    (c) All demand-flow devices shall provide at least 30 liters of 
oxygen per minute when in the fully open position.


Sec. 84.95  Service time test; open-circuit apparatus.

    (a) Service time will be measured with a breathing machine as 
described in Sec. 84.88.
    (b) The open-circuit apparatus will be classified according to the 
length of time it supplies air or oxygen to the breathing machine.
    (c) The service time obtained on this test will be used to classify 
the open-circuit apparatus in accordance with Sec. 84.53.


Sec. 84.96  Service time test; closed-circuit apparatus.

    (a) The closed-circuit apparatus will be classified according to 
the length of time it supplies adequate breathing gas to the wearer 
during man test No. 4 described in Table 4 of this subpart.
    (b) The service time obtained on man test No. 4 will be used to 
classify the closed-circuit apparatus in accordance with Sec. 84.53.


Sec. 84.97  Test for carbon dioxide in inspired gas; open- and closed-
circuit apparatus; maximum allowable limits.

    (a) Open-circuit apparatus:
    (1) The concentration of carbon dioxide in inspired gas in open-
circuit apparatus will be measured at the mouth while the apparatus 
mounted on a dummy head is operated by a breathing machine.2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \2\Kloos, E. J., and J. Lamonica, A Machine-Test Method for 
Measuring Carbon Dioxide in the Inspired Air of Self-Contained 
Breathing Apparatus. Bureau of Mines Report of Investigations 6865, 
1966, 11 pp.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) The breathing rate will be 14.5 respirations per minute with a 
minute-volume of 10.5 liters.
    (3) A sedentary breathing machine cam will be used.
    (4) The apparatus will be tested at a temperature of 27 
 2 deg. C. (80  5 deg. F.).
    (5) A concentration of 5 percent carbon dioxide in air will be 
exhaled into the facepiece.
    (b) Closed-circuit apparatus. The concentration of carbon dioxide 
in inspired gas in closed-circuit apparatus will be measured at the 
mouth while the parts of the apparatus contributing to dead-air space 
are mounted on a dummy head and operated by the breathing machine as in 
paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section.
    (c) During the testing required by paragraphs (a) and (b) of this 
section, the concentration of carbon dioxide in inspired gas at the 
mouth will be continuously recorded, and the maximum average 
concentration during the inhalation portion of the breathing cycle 
shall not exceed the following limits: 

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                    Maximum allowable   
                                                  average concentration 
           Where the service time is               of carbon dioxide in 
                                                 inspired air percent by
                                                          volume        
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Not more than 30 minutes.......................                      2.5
1 hour.........................................                      2.0
2 hours........................................                      1.5
3 hours........................................                      1.0
4 hours........................................                     1.0 
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (d) In addition to the test requirements for closed-circuit 
apparatus set forth in paragraph (b) of this section, gas samples will 
be taken during the course of the man tests described in Tables 1, 2, 
3, and 4 of this subpart. These gas samples will be taken from the 
closed-circuit apparatus at a point downstream of the carbon dioxide 
sorbent, and they shall not contain more than 0.5 percent carbon 
dioxide at any time, except on apparatus for escape only, using a 
mouthpiece only, the sample shall not contain more than 1.5 percent 
carbon dioxide at any time.


Sec. 84.98  Tests during low temperature operation.

    (a) The applicant shall specify the minimum temperature for safe 
operation and two persons will perform the tests described in 
paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, wearing the apparatus according 
to applicant's directions. At the specified temperature, the apparatus 
shall meet all the requirements described in paragraph (e) of this 
section.
    (b) The apparatus will be precooled at the specified minimum 
temperature for 4 hours.
    (c) The apparatus will be worn in the low temperature chamber for 
30 minutes, or for the service time of the apparatus, whichever is 
less.
    (d) During the test period, alternate 1-minute periods of exercise 
and rest will be required with the exercise periods consisting of 
stepping onto and off a box 21.5 cm. (8\1/2\ inches) high at a rate of 
30 cycles per minute.
    (e)(1) The apparatus shall function satisfactorily at the specified 
minimum temperature on duplicate tests.
    (2) The wearer shall have sufficient unobscured vision to perform 
the work.
    (3) The wearer shall not experience undue discomfort because of 
airflow restriction or other physical or chemical changes in the 
operation of the apparatus.
    (f) Auxiliary low-temperature parts which are commercially 
available to the user may be used on the apparatus to meet the 
requirements described in paragraph (e) of this section.


Sec. 84.99  Man tests; testing conditions; general requirements.

    (a) The man tests described in Tables 1, 2, 3, and 4 of this 
subpart represent the workload performed in the mining, mineral, or 
allied industries by a person wearing the apparatus tested.
    (b) The apparatus tested will be worn by Institute personnel 
trained in the use of self-contained breathing apparatus, and the 
wearer will, before participating in these tests, pass a physical 
examination conducted by a qualified physician.
    (c) All man tests will be conducted by the Institute.
    (d) The apparatus will be examined before each man test to ensure 
that it is in proper working order.
    (e) Breathing resistance will be measured within the facepiece or 
mouthpiece and the wearer's pulse and respiration rate will be recorded 
during each 2 minute sample period prescribed in tests 1, 2, 3, and 4.
    (f) Man tests 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 will be conducted in duplicate.
    (g) If man tests are not completed through no fault of the 
apparatus, the test will be repeated.


Sec. 84.100  Man tests 1, 2, 3, and 4; requirements.

    Man tests 1, 2, 3, and 4, set forth in Tables 1, 2, 3, and 4 of 
this subpart, respectively, prescribe the duration and sequence of 
specific activities. These tests will be conducted to:
    (a) Familiarize the wearer with the apparatus during use;
    (b) Provide for a gradual increase in activity;
    (c) Evaluate the apparatus under different types of work and 
physical orientation; and
    (d) Provide information on the operating and breathing 
characteristics of the apparatus during actual use.


Sec. 84.101  Man test 5; requirements.

    (a) Test 5 will be conducted to determine the maximum length of 
time the apparatus will supply the respiratory needs of the wearer 
while he is sitting at rest.
    (b) The wearer will manipulate the devices controlling the supply 
of breathing gas to the advantage of the apparatus.
    (c) Samples of inspiration from within the apparatus facepiece or 
mouthpiece shall be taken once every 15 minutes, and shall meet the 
minimum requirement for oxygen specified in Sec. 84.79(a), and the 
maximum allowable average concentration of carbon dioxide specified in 
Sec. 84.97(c).
    (d) One sample of inspiration will be taken in the case of 3-, 5-, 
and 10-minute apparatus.


Sec. 84.102  Man test 6; requirements.

    (a) Man test 6 will be conducted with respect to liquefied 
breathing gas apparatus only.
    (b) This test will be conducted to evaluate operation of the 
apparatus in other than vertical positions.
    (c) The wearer will lie face downward for one-fourth the service 
life of the apparatus with a full charge of liquefied breathing gas, 
and then a one-quarter full charge of liquefied breathing gas.
    (d) The test will be repeated with the wearer lying on each side 
and on his back.
    (e) The oxygen content of the gas supplied to the wearer by the 
apparatus will be continuously measured.


Sec. 84.103  Man tests; performance requirements.

    (a) The apparatus shall satisfy the respiratory requirements of the 
wearer for the classified service time.
    (b) Fogging of the eyepiece shall not obscure the wearer's vision, 
and the wearer shall not experience undue discomfort because of fit or 
other characteristics of the apparatus.
    (c) When the ambient temperature during testing is 246 
deg.C. (7510  deg.F.), the maximum temperature of inspired 
air recorded during man tests shall not exceed the following, after 
correction for deviation from 24  deg.C. (75  deg.F.):

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 Maximum permissible temperature of inspired air
                                        Where percent relative                 shall not exceed--               
 Where service life of apparatus is--    humidity of inspired  -------------------------------------------------
                                               air is--                  deg.F.                   deg.C.        
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1/4\ hour or less...................                0-100                          135                       57
\1/2\ hour to \3/4\ hour.............                 0-50                          125                       52
                                                    50-100                       \1\110                    \1\43
1 to 2 hours.........................                 0-50                          115                       46
                                                    50-100                       \1\105                    \1\41
3 hours..............................                 0-50                          110                       43
                                                    50-100                       \1\100                    \1\38
4 hours..............................                 0-50                          105                       41
                                                    50-100                        \1\95                    \1\35
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Where percent relative humidity is 50-100 and apparatus is designed for escape only, these maximum           
  permissible temperatures will be increased by 5  deg.C. (10  deg.F.).                                         

Sec. 84.104  Gas tightness test; minimum requirements.

    (a) Each apparatus will be tested for tightness by persons wearing 
it in an atmosphere of 1,000 p.p.m. isoamyl acetate.
    (b) Six persons will each wear the apparatus in the test 
concentrations specified in paragraph (a) of this section for 2 minutes 
and none shall detect the odor or taste of the test vapor.

Tables to Subpart H of Part 84

                                      Table 1.--Duration and Sequence of Specific Activities for Test 1, in Minutes                                     
                                                              [42 CFR part 84, subpart H]                                                               
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                              Service time--                                                            
                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Activity                                                                                                                               2, 3, and 4  
                     3 minutes        5 minutes       10 minutes       15 minutes       30 minutes       45 minutes         1 hour            hours     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2..............  Perform 1 hour 
 readings.                                                                                                                                test 2, 3, or 
                                                                                                                                          4 times       
                                                                                                                                          respectively. 
Walks at 4.8 km.  3..............  5..............  3..............  4..............  8..............  12.............  18.............  ...............
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2..............                 
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  ...............  3..............  5..............  8..............  12.............  18.............  ...............
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2..............                 
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  6..............  13.............  16.............  ...............
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2..............  ...............
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                      Table 2.--Duration and Sequence of Specific Activities For Test 2, in Minutes                                     
                                                               [42 CFR part 84, subpart H]                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               Service time                                                             
                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Activity                                                                                                                                2, 3 and 4  
                     3 minutes        5 minutes        10 minutes       15 minutes       30 minutes       45 minutes         1 hour          hours\1\   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2.             
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  ...............  1..............  1..............  3..............  4..............  6..............  10.            
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Carries 23 kg.    ...............  ...............  1 time in 2      1 time in 2      2 times in 4     3 times in 6     4 times in 8     5 times in 10  
 (50 pound)                                          minutes.         minutes.         minutes.         minutes.         minutes.         minutes.      
 weight over                                                                                                                                            
 overcast.                                                                                                                                              
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  ...............  ...............  1..............  3..............  3..............  3..............  5.             
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Climbs vertical   1..............  1..............  1..............  1..............  1..............  1..............  1..............  1.             
 treadmill\2\                                                                                                                                           
 (or equivalent).                                                                                                                                       
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  1..............  1..............  ...............  ...............  2..............  3..............  5.             
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Climbs vertical   ...............  1..............  ...............  ...............  ...............  1..............  1..............  1.             
 treadmill (or                                                                                                                                          
 equivalent).                                                                                                                                           
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2.             
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  3..............  5..............  11.            
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Climbs vertical   ...............  ...............  ...............  1..............  1..............  1..............  1..............  1.             
 treadmill (or                                                                                                                                          
 equivalent).                                                                                                                                           
Carries 23 kg.    ...............  ...............  ...............  1 time in 2      3 times in 6     4 times in 8     5 times in 10    5 times in 10  
 (50 pound)                                                           minutes.         minutes.         minutes.         minutes.         minutes.      
 weight over                                                                                                                                            
 overcast.                                                                                                                                              
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  2..............  ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2.             
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  ...............  ...............  1..............  3..............  3..............  3..............                 
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Climbs vertical   ...............  ...............  1..............  ...............  1..............  1..............  1..............  Then repeat    
 treadmill (or                                                                                                                            above         
 equivalent).                                                                                                                             activities    
                                                                                                                                          once.         
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  ...............  2..............  ...............  ...............  2..............  3..............                 
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Climbs vertical   ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  1..............  1..............                 
 treadmill (or                                                                                                                                          
 equivalent).                                                                                                                                           
Carries 20 kg.    1..............  ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............                 
 (45 pound)                                                                                                                                             
 weight and                                                                                                                                             
 walks at 4.8                                                                                                                                           
 km. (3 miles)                                                                                                                                          
 per hour.                                                                                                                                              
Walks at 4.8 km.  1..............  2..............  ...............  ...............  ...............  1..............  4..............                 
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2..............                 
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Total test time for Test 2 for 2-hour, 3-hour, and 4-hour apparatus is 2 hours.                                                                      
\2\Treadmill shall be inclined 15 deg. from vertical and operated at a speed of 1 foot per second.                                                      


                                      Table 3.--Duration and Sequence of Specific Activities for Test 3, in Minutes                                     
                                                              [42 CFR part 84, subpart H]                                                               
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                               Service time                                                             
                 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Activity                                                                                                                                2, 3 and 4  
                     3 minutes        5 minutes        10 minutes       15 minutes       30 minutes       45 minutes         1 hour          hours\1\   
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2..............  (\2\)          
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  ...............  1..............  1..............  2..............  2..............  3..............  ...............
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Runs at 9.7 km.   1..............  1..............  1..............  1..............  1..............  1..............  1..............  ...............
 (6 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Pulls 20 kg. (45  ...............  15 times in 1    ...............  30 times in 2    30 times in 2    30 times in 2    60 times in 6    ...............
 pound) weight                      minute.                           minutes.         minutes.         minutes.         minutes.                       
 to 5 feet.                                                                                                                                             
Lies on side....  \1/2\..........  1..............  1..............  2..............  3..............  4..............  5..............  ...............
Lies on back....  \1/2\..........  1..............  1..............  2..............  2..............  3..............  3..............  ...............
Crawls on hands   1..............  1..............  1..............  2..............  2..............  2..............  2..............  ...............
 and knees.                                                                                                                                             
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  2..............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2..............  ...............
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
Runs at 9.7 km.   ...............  ...............  ...............  1..............  1..............  1..............  1..............  ...............
 (6 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  8..............  10.............  ...............
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Pulls 20 kg. (45  ...............  ...............  30 times in 2    ...............  60 times in 6    60 times in 6    60 times in 6    ...............
 pound) weight                                       minutes.                          minutes.         minutes.         minutes.                       
 to 5 feet.                                                                                                                                             
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  ...............  2..............  2..............  ...............
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
Walks at 4.8 km.  ...............  ...............  1..............  ...............  3..............  4..............  10.............  ...............
 (3 miles) per                                                                                                                                          
 hour.                                                                                                                                                  
Lies on side....  ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  4..............  ...............
Lies on back....  ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  1..............  ...............
Sampling and      ...............  ...............  ...............  ...............  2..............  2..............  2..............  ...............
 readings.                                                                                                                                              
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Total test time for Test 3 for 2-hour, 3-hour, and 4-hour apparatus is 2 hours.                                                                      
\2\Perform test No. 3 for 1-hour apparatus; then perform test No. 1 for 1-hour apparatus.                                                               


                                                          Table 4.--Duration and Sequence of Specific Activities for Test 4, in Minutes                                                         
                                                                                   [42 CFR part 84, subpart H]                                                                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                                    Service time-                                                                               
      Activity      ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                          3 minutes           5 minutes          10 minutes          15 minutes          30 minutes          45 minutes            1 hour         2 hours    3 hours    4 hours 
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sampling and         ..................  ..................  ..................  2.................  2.................  2.................  2.................  (2)        (3)        (4)      
 readings.                                                                                                                                                                                      
Walks at 4.8 km. (3  ..................  ..................  ..................  1.................  2.................  2.................  2.................  .........  .........  .........
 miles) per hour.                                                                                                                                                                               
Climbs vertical      1.................  1.................  1.................  1.................  1.................  1.................  1.................  .........  .........  .........
 treadmill (1) (or                                                                                                                                                                              
 equivalent).                                                                                                                                                                                   
Walks at 4.8 km. (3  ..................  1.................  1.................  1.................  2.................  2.................  2.................  .........  .........  .........
 miles) per hour.                                                                                                                                                                               
Pulls 20 kg. (45     ..................  30 times in 2       30 times in 2       30 times in 2       60 times in 5       60 times in 5       60 times in 5       .........  .........  .........
 pound) weight to 5                       minutes.            minutes.            minutes.            minutes.            minutes.            mins..                                            
 feet.                                                                                                                                                                                          
Walks at 4.8 km. (3  ..................  ..................  1.................  1.................  1.................  2.................  3.................  .........  .........  .........
 miles) per hour.                                                                                                                                                                               
Carries 23 kg. (50   ..................  ..................  ..................  1 time in 1 minute  1 time in 1 minute  2 times in 3        4 times in 8 mins.  .........  .........  .........
 pound) weight over                                                                                                       minutes.                                                              
 overcast.                                                                                                                                                                                      
Sampling and         ..................  ..................  2.................  ..................  2.................  2.................  2.................  .........  .........  .........
 readings.                                                                                                                                                                                      
Walks at 4.8 km. (3  ..................  ..................  ..................  1.................  3.................  3.................  4.................  .........  .........  .........
 miles) per hour.                                                                                                                                                                               
Runs at 9.7 km. (6   ..................  1.................  1.................  1.................  1.................  1.................  1.................  .........  .........  .........
 miles) per hour.                                                                                                                                                                               
Carries 23 kg. (50   ..................  ..................  1 time in 1 minute  1 time in 1 minute  2 times in 3        4 times in 6        6 times in 9 mins.  .........  .........  .........
 pound) weight over                                                                                   minutes.            minutes.                                                              
 overcast.                                                                                                                                                                                      
Pulls 20 kg (45      15 times in 1       ..................  ..................  15 times in 1       60 times in 5       30 times in 2       36 times in 3       .........  .........  .........
 pound) weight to 5   minute.                                                     minute.             minutes.            minutes.            mins..                                            
 feet.                                                                                                                                                                                          
Sampling and         ..................  ..................  ..................  2.................  2.................  2.................  2.................  .........  .........  .........
 readings.                                                                                                                                                                                      
Walks at 4.8 km. (3  1.................  ..................  1.................  ..................  ..................  2.................  6.................  .........  .........  .........
 miles) per hour.                                                                                                                                                                               
Pulls 20 kg. (45     ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  60 times in 5       60 times in 5       .........  .........  .........
 pound) weight to 5                                                                                                       minutes.            mins..                                            
 feet.                                                                                                                                                                                          
Carries 20 kg. (45   ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  3.................  3.................  .........  .........  .........
 pound) weight and                                                                                                                                                                              
 walks at 4.8 km.                                                                                                                                                                               
 (3 miles) per hour.                                                                                                                                                                            
Sampling and         ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  ..................  2.................  2.................  .........  .........  .........
 readings.                                                                                                                                                                                      
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Treadmill shall be inclined 15 deg. from vertical and operated at a speed of 30 cm. (1 foot) per second.                                                                                     
\2\Perform test No. 1 for 30-minute apparatus; then perform test No. 4 for 1-hour apparatus; then perform test No. 1 for 30-minute apparatus.                                                   
\3\Perform test No. 1 for 1-hour apparatus; then perform test No. 4 for 1-hour apparatus; then perform test No. 1 for 1-hour apparatus.                                                         
\4\Perform test No. 1 for 1-hour apparatus; then perform test No. 4 for 1-hour apparatus; then perform test No. 1 for 1-hour apparatus twice (i.e., two one-hour tests).                        

Subpart I--Gas Masks


Sec. 84.110  Gas masks; description.

    (a) Gas masks including all completely assembled air purifying 
masks designed for use as respiratory protection during entry into 
atmospheres not immediately dangerous to life or health or escape only 
from hazardous atmospheres containing adequate oxygen to support life 
are described as follows:
    (1) Front-mounted or back-mounted gas mask. A gas mask which 
consists of a full facepiece, a breathing tube, a canister at the front 
or back, a canister harness, and associated connections.
    (2) Chin-style gas mask. A gas mask which consists of a full 
facepiece, a canister which is usually attached to the facepiece, and 
associated connections.
    (3) Escape gas mask. A gas mask designed for use during escape only 
from hazardous atmospheres which consists of a facepiece or mouthpiece, 
a canister, and associated connections.
    (b) Gas masks shall be further described according to the types of 
gases or vapors against which they are designed to provide respiratory 
protection, as follows: 

Type of front-mounted or back-mounted gas mask:                         
  Acid gas1 2 3                                                         
  Ammonia                                                               
  Carbon monoxide                                                       
  Organic vapor1 2 3                                                    
  Other gas(es) and vapor(s)1 2 3                                       
  Combination of two or more of the above gases and vapors.123          
  Combination of acid gas, ammonia, carbon monoxide, and organic        
   vapors.123                                                           
Type of chin-style gas mask:                                            
  Acid gas1 2 3                                                         
  Ammonia                                                               
  Carbon monoxide                                                       
  Organic vapor1 2 3                                                    
  Other gas(es) and vapor(s)1 2 3                                       
  Combination of two or more of the above gases and vapors.123          
Type of escape gas mask:                                                
  Acid gas1 2 3 4                                                       
  Ammonia4                                                              
  Carbon monoxide                                                       
  Organic vapor1 2 3 4                                                  
  Other gas(es) and vapor(s)1 2 3 4                                     
  Combination of two or more of the above gases and vapors.1234         
1Approval may be for acid gases or organic vapors as a class or for     
  specific acid gases or organic vapors.                                
2Not for use against gases or vapors with poor warning properties       
  (except where MSHA or Occupational Safety and Health Administration   
  standards permit such use for a specific gas or vapor), or those which
  generate high heats or reaction with sorbent materials in the         
  canister.                                                             
3Use of the gas mask may be limited by factors such as lower explosive  
  limit, toxicological effects, and facepiece fit. Limitations on gas   
  mask service life and sorbent capacity limitations shall be specified 
  by the applicant in instructions for selection, use and maintenance of
  the gas mask.                                                         
4Eye protection may be required in certain concentrations of gases and  
  vapors.                                                               

    (c) Gas masks for respiratory protection against gases and vapors 
other than those specified in paragraph (b) of this section, may be 
approved upon submittal of an application in writing for approval to 
the Certification and Quality Assurance Branch listing the gas or vapor 
and suggested maximum use concentration for the specific type of gas 
mask. The Institute will consider the application and accept or reject 
it on the basis of effect on the wearer's health and safety and any 
field experience in use of gas masks for such exposures. If the 
application is accepted, the Institute will test such masks in 
accordance with the requirements of this subpart.


Sec. 84.111  Gas masks; required components.

    (a) Each gas mask described in Sec. 84.110 shall, where its design 
requires, contain the following component parts:
    (1) Facepiece or mouthpiece and noseclip;
    (2) Canister or cartridge;
    (3) Canister harness;
    (4) External check valve; and
    (5) Breathing tube.
    (b) The components of each gas mask shall meet the minimum 
construction requirements set forth in subpart G of this part.


Sec. 84.112  Canisters and cartridges in parallel; resistance 
requirements.

    Where two or more canisters or cartridges are used in parallel, 
their resistance to airflow shall be essentially equal.


Sec. 84.113  Canisters and cartridges; color and markings; 
requirements.

    The color and markings of all canisters and cartridges or labels 
shall conform with the requirements of the American National Standard 
for Identification of Air Purifying Respirator Canisters and 
Cartridges, K 13.1-1973, obtainable from the American National 
Standards Institute, Inc.; 1430 Broadway; New York, N.Y. 10018.


Sec. 84.114  Filters used with canisters and cartridges; location; 
replacement.

    (a) Particulate matter filters used in conjunction with a canister 
or cartridge shall be located on the inlet side of the canister or 
cartridge.
    (b) Filters shall be incorporated in or firmly attached to the 
canister or cartridge and each filter assembly shall, where applicable, 
be designed to permit its easy removal from and replacement in the 
canister or cartridge.


Sec. 84.115  Breathing tubes; minimum requirements.

    Flexible breathing tubes used in conjunction with gas masks shall 
be designed and constructed to prevent:
    (a) Restriction of free head movement;
    (b) Disturbance of the fit of facepieces or mouthpieces;
    (c) Interference with the wearer's activities; and
    (d) Shutoff of airflow due to kinking, or from chin or arm 
pressure.


Sec. 84.116  Harnesses; installation and construction; minimum 
requirements.

    (a) Each gas mask shall, where necessary, be equipped with a 
suitable harness designed and constructed to hold the components of the 
gas mask in position against the wearer's body.
    (b) Harnesses shall be designed and constructed to permit easy 
removal and replacement of gas mask parts, and where applicable, 
provide for holding a full facepiece in the ready position when not in 
use.


Sec. 84.117  Gas mask containers; minimum requirements.

    (a) Gas masks shall be equipped with a substantial, durable 
container bearing markings which show the applicant's name, the type 
and commercial designation of mask it contains and all appropriate 
approval labels.
    (b) Containers for gas masks shall be designed and constructed to 
permit easy removal of the mask.


Sec. 84.118  Half-mask facepieces, full facepieces, and mouthpieces; 
fit; minimum requirements.

    (a) Half-mask facepieces and full facepieces shall be designed and 
constructed to fit persons with various facial shapes and sizes either:
    (1) By providing more than one facepiece size; or
    (2) By providing one facepiece size which will fit varying facial 
shapes and sizes.
    (b) Full facepieces shall provide for optional use of corrective 
spectacles or lenses, which shall not reduce the respiratory protective 
qualities of the gas mask.
    (c) Half-mask facepieces shall not interfere with the fit of common 
industrial safety spectacles, as determined by the Institute's 
facepiece tests in Sec. 84.124.
    (d) Gas masks with mouthpieces shall be equipped with noseclips 
which are securely attached to the mouthpiece or gas mask and provide 
an airtight seal.
    (e) Facepieces shall be designed to prevent eyepiece fogging.


Sec. 84.119  Facepieces; eyepieces; minimum requirements.

    (a) Full facepieces shall be designed and constructed to provide 
adequate vision which is not distorted by the eye.
    (b) All eyepieces shall be designed and constructed to meet the 
impact and penetration requirements specified in Federal Specification, 
Mask, Air Line: and Respirator, Air Filtering, Industrial, GGG-M-125d, 
October 11, 1965.


Sec. 84.120  Inhalation and exhalation valves; minimum requirements.

    (a) Inhalation and exhalation valves shall be provided where 
necessary and protected against damage and distortion.
    (b) Inhalation valves shall be designed and constructed to prevent 
excessive exhaled air from adversely affecting cartridges, canisters, 
and filters.
    (c) Exhalation valves shall be protected against external 
influence, and designed and constructed to prevent inward leakage of 
contaminated air.


Sec. 84.121  Head harnesses; minimum requirements.

    (a) Facepieces shall be equipped with adjustable and replaceable 
head harnesses, designed and constructed to provide adequate tension 
during use and an even distribution of pressure over the entire area in 
contact with the face.
    (b) Mouthpieces shall be equipped, where applicable, with 
adjustable and replaceable harnesses designed and constructed to hold 
the mouthpiece in place.


Sec. 84.122  Breathing resistance test; minimum requirements.

    (a) Resistance to airflow will be measured in the facepiece or 
mouthpiece of a gas mask mounted on a breathing machine both before and 
after each test conducted in accordance with Secs. 84.124, 84.125, and 
84.126, with air flowing at a continuous rate of 85 liters per minute.
    (b) The maximum allowable resistance requirements for gas masks are 
as follows:

                           Maximum Resistance                           
                        [mm. water-column height]                       
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                              Inhalation                
            Type of gas mask             -------------------- Exhalation
                                          Initial   Final\1\            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Front-mounted or back-mounted (without                                  
 particulate filter)....................        60        75         20 
Front-mounted or back-mounted (with                                     
 approved particulate filter)...........        70        85         20 
Chin-style (without particulate filter).        40        55         20 
Chin-style (with approved particulate                                   
 filter)................................        65        80         20 
Escape (without particulate filter).....        60        75         20 
Escape (with approved particulate                                       
 filter)................................        70        85         20 
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Measured at end of the service life specified in tables 5, 6, and 7  
  of this subpart.                                                      

Sec. 84.123  Exhalation valve leakage test.

    (a) Dry exhalation valves and valve seats will be subjected to a 
suction of 25 mm. water-column height while in a normal operating 
position.
    (b) Leakage between the valve and valve seat shall not exceed 30 
milliliters per minute.


Sec. 84.124  Facepiece tests; minimum requirements.

    (a) The complete gas mask will be fitted to the faces of persons 
having varying facial shapes and sizes.
    (b) Where the applicant specifies a facepiece size or sizes for the 
gas mask, together with the approximate measurements of faces they are 
designed to fit, the Institute will insure that test subjects suit such 
facial measurements.
    (c) Any gas mask parts which must be removed to perform the 
facepiece or mouthpiece fit test shall be replaceable without special 
tools and without disturbing the facepiece or mouthpiece fit.
    (d) The facepiece or mouthpiece fit test, using positive or 
negative pressure recommended by the applicant and described in his 
instructions will be used before each test specified in paragraph (e) 
of this section, and in Sec. 84.125.
    (e) (1) Each wearer will enter a chamber containing 100 p.p.m. 
isoamyl acetate vapor for a half-mask facepiece and 1,000 p.p.m. 
isoamyl acetate vapor for a full facepiece or mouthpiece.
    (2) The facepiece or mouthpiece may be adjusted, if necessary, in 
the test chamber before starting the tests.
    (3) Each wearer will remain in the chamber for 8 minutes while 
performing the following activities:
    (i) Two minutes, nodding and turning head;
    (ii) Two minutes, calisthenic arm movements;
    (iii) Two minutes, running in place; and
    (iv) Two minutes, pumping with a tire pump into a 28 liter (1 cubic 
foot) container.
    (4) Each wearer shall not detect the odor of isoamyl acetate during 
the test.


Sec. 84.125  Particulate tests; canisters containing particulate 
filters; minimum requirements.

    Gas mask canisters containing filters for protection against 
particulates (e.g. dusts, fumes, mists, and smokes) in combination with 
gases, vapors, or gases and vapors, shall also comply with the 
requirements as prescribed in Secs. 84.170 through 84.186, except for 
the airflow resistance test of Sec. 84.183.


Sec. 84.126  Canister bench tests; minimum requirements.

    (a) (1) Bench tests, except for carbon monoxide tests, will be made 
on an apparatus that allows the test atmosphere at 505 
percent relative humidity and room temperature (252.5 
deg.C.) to enter the canister continuously at concentrations and rates 
of flow specified in Tables 5, 6, and 7 of this subpart.
    (2) Three canisters will be removed from containers and tested as 
received from the applicant.
    (3) Two canisters, other than those described in paragraph (a)(2) 
of this section, will be equilibrated at room temperature by passing 25 
percent relative humidity air through them at 64 liters per minute for 
6 hours.
    (4) Two canisters, other than those described in paragraphs (a) (2) 
and (3) of this section, will be equilibrated at room temperature by 
passing 85 percent relative humidity air through them at 64 liters per 
minute for 6 hours.
    (5) The equilibrated canisters will be resealed, kept in an upright 
position at room temperature, and tested within 18 hours.
    (b) Front-mounted and back-mounted gas mask canisters will be 
tested and shall meet the minimum requirements set forth in Table 5 of 
this subpart.
    (c) (1) Front-mounted, and back-mounted, and chin-style canisters 
designated as providing respiratory protection against gases, ammonia, 
organic vapors, carbon monoxide and particulate contaminants shall have 
a window or other indicator to warn the gas mask wearer when the 
canister will no longer satisfactorily remove carbon monoxide from the 
inhaled air.
    (2) Other types of front- and back-mounted canisters may also be 
equipped with a window or other indicator to warn of imminent leakage 
of other gases or vapors.
    (3) The window indicator canisters will be tested as regular 
canisters, but shall show a satisfactory indicator change or other 
warning before the allowable canister penetration has occurred.
    (d) Chin-style gas mask canisters shall meet the minimum 
requirements set forth in Table 6 of this subpart.
    (e) Escape gas mask canisters shall meet the minimum requirements 
set forth in Table 7 of this subpart.

Tables to Subpart I of Part 84 

                          Table 5.--Canister Bench Tests and Requirements for Front-Mounted and Back-Mounted Gas Mask Canisters                         
                                                              [42 CFR part 84, subpart I]                                                               
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                 Test atmosphere                                                        
                                                             --------------------------------------------------------            Maximum                
                                                                                                           Flow rate   Number   allowable      Minimum  
            Canister type                  Test condition                                   Concentration   (liters      of    penetration  service life
                                                                      Gas or vapor            (parts per      per      tests    (parts per  (minutes)\1\
                                                                                              million)      minute)             million)                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acid gas..............................  As received.........  SO2                                20,000           64        3          5            12  
                                        Equilibrated........  Cl2                                20,000           64        3          5            12  
                                                              SO2                                20,000           32        4          5            12  
                                                              Cl2                                20,000           32        4          5            12  
Organic vapor.........................  As received.........  CCl4                               20,000           64        3          5            12  
                                        Equilibrated........  CCl4                               20,000           32        4          5            12  
Ammonia...............................  As received.........  NH3                                30,000           64        3         50            12  
                                        Equilibrated........  NH3                                30,000           32        4         50            12  
Carbon monoxide.......................  As received.........  CO                                 20,000        (2)64        2        (3)           60   
                                                              CO                                  5,000        (4)32        3        (3)            60  
                                                              CO                                  3,000        (2)32        3  ...........          60  
                                        ....................  ............................  .............  .........  .......      (\3\)    ............
Combination of 2 or 3 of above                                                                                                                          
 types\5\                                                                                                                                               
Combination of all of above.\6\                                                                                                                         
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Minimum life will be determined at the indicated penetration.                                                                                        
\2\Relative humidity of test atmosphere will be 95  3pct; temperature of test atmosphere will be 25  2.5  deg.C.                
\3\Maximum allowable CO penetration will be 385 cm3 during the minimum life. The penetration shall not exceed 500 p/m during this time.                 
\4\Relative humidity of test atmosphere will be 95  3pct; temperature of test atmosphere entering the test fixture will be 0 + 2.5  deg.C -0
   deg.C.                                                                                                                                               
\5\Test conditions and requirements will be applicable as shown above.                                                                                  
\6\Test conditions and requirements will be applicable as shown above, except the minimum service lives for acid gas, organic vapor, and ammonia will be
  6 min instead of 12 min.                                                                                                                              


                                    Table 6.--Canister Bench Tests and Requirements for Chin-Style Gas Mask Canisters                                   
                                                              [42 CFR part 84, subpart I]                                                               
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                 Test atmosphere                                                        
                                                             --------------------------------------------------------            Maximum                
                                                                                                           Flow rate   Number   allowable      Minimum  
            Canister type                  Test condition                                   Concentration   (liters      of    penetration  service life
                                                                      Gas or vapor            (parts per      per      tests    (parts per  (minutes)\1\
                                                                                               million)     minute)              million)               
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acid gas..............................  As received.........  SO2                                 5,000           64        3          5            12  
                                        Equilibrated........  Cl2                                 5,000           64        3          5            12  
                                                              SO2                                 5,000           32        4          5            12  
                                                              Cl2                                 5,000           32        4          5            12  
Organic vapor.........................  As received.........  CCl4                                5,000           64        3          5            12  
                                        Equilibrated........  CCl4                                5,000           32        4          5            12  
Ammonia...............................  As received.........  NH3                                 5,000           64        3         50            12  
                                        Equilibrated........  NH3                                 5,000           32        4         50            12  
Carbon monoxide.......................  As received.........  CO                                 20,000        (2)64        2      (\3\)            60  
                                                              CO                                  5,000        (4)32        3        (3)            60  
                                                              CO                                  3,000        (2)32        3        (3)            60  
Combination of 2 or 3 of above                                                                                                                          
 types\5\                                                                                                                                               
Combination of all of above types\6\                                                                                                                    
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Minimum life will be determined at the indicated penetration.                                                                                        
\2\Relative humidity of test atmosphere will be 95  3pct; temperature of test atmosphere will be 25  2.5 deg. C.                
\3\Maximum allowable CO penetration will be 385 cm3 during the minimum life. The penetration shall not exceed 500 p/m during this time.                 
\4\Relative humidity of test atmosphere will be 95  3pct; temperature of test atmosphere entering the test fixture will be 0 + 2.5 deg. C-0 
  deg. C.                                                                                                                                               
\5\Test conditions and requirements will be applicable as shown above.                                                                                  
\6\Test conditions and requirements will be applicable as shown above, except the minimum service lives for acid gas, organic vapor, and ammonia will be
  6 min instead of 12 min.                                                                                                                              


                                      Table 7.--Canister Bench Tests and Requirements for Escape Gas Mask Canisters                                     
                                                              [42 CFR part 84, subpart I]                                                               
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                          Test atmosphere                                               
                                                                               --------------------------------------            Maximum                
                                                                                                           Flow rate   Number   allowable      Minimum  
                     Canister type                           Test condition       Gas or    Concentration   (liters      of    penetration  service life
                                                                                   vapor      (parts per      per      tests    (parts per  (minutes)(1)
                                                                                               million)     minute)             million)                
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acid gas................................................  As received.........  SO2               5,000           64        3          5            12  
                                                          Equilibrated........  Cl2               5,000           64        3          5            12  
                                                                                SO2               5,000           32        4          5            12  
                                                                                Cl2               5,000           32        4          5            12  
Organic vapor...........................................  As received.........  CCl4              5,000           64        3          5            12  
                                                          Equilibrated........  CCl4              5,000           32        4          5            12  
Ammonia.................................................  As received.........  NH3               5,000           64        3         50            12  
                                                          Equilibrated........  NH3               5,000           32        4         50            12  
Carbon monoxide.........................................  As received.........  CO               10,000        (2)32        2      (\3\)         (4)60  
                                                                                CO                5,000    .........        3      (\3\)            60  
                                                                                CO                3,000        (5)32        3      (\3\)            60  
                                                                                                              (2)32                                     
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1Minimum life will be determined at the indicated penetration.                                                                                          
2Relative humidity of test atmosphere will be 953pct; temperature of test atmosphere will be 252.5  deg.C.                      
3Maximum allowable CO penetration will be 385 cm3 during the minimum life. The penetration shall not exceed 500 p/m during this time.                   
4If effluent temperature exceeds 100  deg.C during this test, the escape gas mask shall be equipped with an effective heat exchanger.                   
5Relative humidity of test atmosphere will be 953 pct; temperature of test atmosphere entering the test fixture will be 0+2.5  deg.C-0      
  deg.C.                                                                                                                                                

Subpart J--Supplied-Air Respirators


Sec. 84.130  Supplied-air respirators; description.

    (a) Supplied-air respirators, including all completely assembled 
respirators designed for use as respiratory protection during entry 
into and escape from atmospheres not immediately dangerous to life or 
health are described as follows:
    (1) Type ``A'' supplied-air respirators. A hose mask respirator, 
for entry into and escape from atmospheres not immediately dangerous to 
life or health, which consists of a motor-driven or hand-operated 
blower that permits the free entrance of air when the blower is not 
operating, a strong large-diameter hose having a low resistance to 
airflow, a harness to which the hose and the life-line are attached and 
a tight-fitting facepiece.
    (2) Type ``AE'' supplied-air respirators. A Type ``A'' supplied-air 
respirator equipped with additional devices designed to protect the 
wearer's head and neck against impact and abrasion from rebounding 
abrasive material, and with shielding material such as plastic, glass, 
woven wire, sheet metal, or other suitable material to protect the 
window(s) of facepieces, hoods, and helmets which do not unduly 
interfere with the wearer's vision and permit easy access to the 
external surface of such window(s) for cleaning.
    (3) Type ``B'' supplied-air respirators. A hose mask respirator, 
for entry into and escape from atmospheres not immediately dangerous to 
life or health, which consists of a strong large-diameter hose with low 
resistance to airflow through which the user draws inspired air by 
means of his lungs alone, a harness to which the hose is attached, and 
a tight-fitting facepiece.
    (4) Type ``BE'' supplied-air respirators. A type ``B'' supplied-air 
respirator equipped with additional devices designed to protect the 
wearer's head and neck against impact and abrasion from rebounding 
abrasive material, and with shielding material such as plastic, glass, 
woven wire, sheet metal, or other suitable material to protect the 
window(s) of facepieces, hoods, and helmets which do not unduly 
interfere with the wearer's vision and permit easy access to the 
external surface of such window(s) for cleaning.
    (5) Type ``C'' supplied-air respirators. An airline respirator, for 
entry into and escape from atmospheres not immediately dangerous to 
life or health, which consists of a source of respirable breathing air, 
a hose, a detachable coupling, a control valve, orifice, a demand valve 
or pressure demand valve, an arrangement for attaching the hose to the 
wearer, and a facepiece, hood, or helmet.
    (6) Type ``CE'' supplied-air respirators. A type ``C'' supplied-air 
respirator equipped with additional devices designed to protect the 
wearer's head and neck against impact and abrasion from rebounding 
abrasive material, and with shielding material such as plastic, glass, 
woven wire, sheet metal, or other suitable material to protect the 
window(s) of facepieces, hoods, and helmets which do not unduly 
interfere with the wearer's vision and permit easy access to the 
external surface of such window(s) for cleaning.


Sec. 84.131  Supplied-air respirators; required components.

    (a) Each supplied-air respirator described in Sec. 84.130 shall, 
where its design requires, contain the following component parts:
    (1) Facepiece, hood, or helmet;
    (2) Air supply valve, orifice, or demand or pressure-demand 
regulator;
    (3) Hand operated or motor driven air blower;
    (4) Air supply hose;
    (5) Detachable couplings;
    (6) Flexible breathing tube; and
    (7) Respirator harness.
    (b) The component parts of each supplied-air respirator shall meet 
the minimum construction requirements set forth in subpart G of this 
part.


Sec. 84.132  Breathing tubes; minimum requirements.

    Flexible breathing tubes used in conjunction with supplied-air 
respirators shall be designed and constructed to prevent:
    (a) Restriction of free head movement;
    (b) Disturbance of the fit of facepieces, mouthpieces, hoods, or 
helmets;
    (c) Interference with the wearer's activities; and
    (d) Shutoff of airflow due to kinking, or from chin or arm 
pressure.


Sec. 84.133  Harnesses; installation and construction; minimum 
requirements.

    (a) Each supplied-air respirator shall, where necessary, be 
equipped with a suitable harness designed and constructed to hold the 
components of the respirator in position against the wearer's body.
    (b) Harnesses shall be designed and constructed to permit easy 
removal and replacement of respirator parts, and where applicable, 
provide for holding a full facepiece in the ready position when not in 
use.


Sec. 84.134  Respirator containers; minimum requirements.

    Supplied-air respirators shall be equipped with a substantial, 
durable container bearing markings which show the applicant's name, the 
type and commercial designation of the respirator it contains, and all 
appropriate approval labels.


Sec. 84.135  Half-mask facepieces, full facepieces, hoods, and helmets; 
fit; minimum requirements.

    (a) Half-mask facepieces and full facepieces shall be designed and 
constructed to fit persons with various facial shapes and sizes either:
    (1) By providing more than one facepiece size; or
    (2) By providing one facepiece size which will fit varying facial 
shapes and sizes.
    (b) Full facepieces shall provide for optional use of corrective 
spectacles or lenses, which shall not reduce the respiratory protective 
qualities of the respirator.
    (c) Hoods and helmets shall be designed and constructed to fit 
persons with various head sizes, provide for the optional use of 
corrective spectacles or lenses, and insure against any restriction of 
movement by the wearer.
    (d) Facepieces, hoods, and helmets shall be designed to prevent 
eyepiece fogging.


Sec. 84.136  Facepieces, hoods, and helmets; eyepieces; minimum 
requirements.

    (a) Facepieces, hoods, and helmets shall be designed and 
constructed to provide adequate vision which is not distorted by the 
eyepiece.
    (b) All eyepieces except those on Types B, BE, C, and CE supplied-
air respirators shall be designed and constructed to meet the impact 
and penetration requirements specified in Federal Specification, Mask, 
Air Line, and Respirator, Air Filtering, Industrial GGG-M-125d, October 
11, 1965.
    (c) (1) The eyepieces of AE, BE, and CE type supplied-air 
respirators shall be shielded by plastic, glass, woven wire, sheet 
metal, or other suitable material which does not interfere with the 
vision of the wearer.
    (2) Shields shall be mounted and attached to the facepiece to 
provide easy access to the external surface of the eyepiece for 
cleaning.


Sec. 84.137  Inhalation and exhalation valves; check valves; minimum 
requirements.

    (a) Inhalation and exhalation valves shall be provided where 
necessary and protected against distortion.
    (b) Exhalation valves shall be:
    (1) Protected against damage and external influence; and
    (2) Designed and constructed to prevent inward leakage of 
contaminated air.
    (c) Check valves designed and constructed to allow airflow toward 
the facepiece only shall be provided in the connections to the 
facepiece or in the hose fitting near the facepiece of all Type A, AE, 
B, and BE supplied-air respirators.


Sec. 84.138  Head harnesses; minimum requirements.

    Facepieces shall be equipped with adjustable and replaceable head 
harnesses which are designed and constructed to provide adequate 
tension during use, and an even distribution of pressure over the 
entire area in contact with the face.


Sec. 84.139  Head and neck protection; supplied-air respirators; 
minimum requirements.

    Type AE, BE, and CE supplied-air respirators shall be designed and 
constructed to provide protection against impact and abrasion from 
rebounding abrasive materials to the wearer's head and neck.


Sec. 84.140  Air velocity and noise levels; hoods and helmets; minimum 
requirements.

    Noise levels generated by the respirator will be measured inside 
the hood or helmet at maximum airflow obtainable within pressure and 
hose length requirements and shall not exceed 80 dBA.


Sec. 84.141  Breathing gas; minimum requirements.

    (a) Breathing gas used to supply supplied-air respirators shall be 
respirable breathing air and contain no less than 19.5 volume-percent 
of oxygen.
    (b) Compressed, gaseous breathing air shall meet the applicable 
minimum grade requirements for Type I gaseous air set forth in the 
Compressed Gas Association Commodity Specification for Air, G-7.1 
(Grade D or higher quality).
    (c) Compressed, liquefied breathing air shall meet the applicable 
minimum grade requirements for Type II liquid air set forth in the 
Compressed Gas Association Commodity Specification for Air, G-7.1 
(Grade B or higher quality).


Sec. 84.142  Air supply source; hand-operated or motor driven air 
blowers; Type A supplied-air respirators; minimum requirements.

    (a) Blowers shall be designed and constructed to deliver an 
adequate amount of air to the wearer with either direction of rotation, 
unless constructed to permit rotation in one direction only, and to 
permit the free entrance of air to the hose when the blower is not 
operated.
    (b) No multiple systems, whereby more than one user is supplied by 
one blower, will be approved, unless each hose line is connected 
directly to a manifold at the blower.


Sec. 84.143  Terminal fittings or chambers; Type B supplied-air 
respirators; minimum requirements.

    (a) Blowers or connections to air supplies providing positive 
pressures shall not be approved for use on Type B supplied-air 
respirators.
    (b) Terminal fittings or chambers employed in Type B supplied-air 
respirators, shall be:
    (1) Installed in the inlet of the hose.
    (2) Designed and constructed to provide for the drawing of air 
through corrosion resistant material arranged so as to be capable of 
removing material larger than 0.149 mm. in diameter (149 micrometers, 
100-mesh, U.S. Standard sieve).
    (3) Installed to provide a means for fastening or anchoring the 
fitting or chamber in a fixed position in a zone of respirable air.


Sec. 84.144  Hand-operated blower test; minimum requirements.

    (a) Hand-operated blowers shall be tested by attaching them to a 
mechanical drive and operating them 6 to 8 hours daily for a period of 
100 hours at a speed necessary to deliver 50 liters of air per minute 
through each completely assembled respirator. Each respirator shall be 
equipped with the maximum length of hose with which the device is to be 
approved and the hose shall be connected to each blower or manifold 
outlet designed for hose connections.
    (b) The crank speed of the hand-operated blower shall not exceed 50 
revolutions per minute in order to deliver the required 50 liters of 
air per minute to each facepiece.
    (c) The power required to deliver 50 liters of air per minute to 
each wearer through the maximum length of hose shall not exceed one-
fiftieth horsepower, and the torque shall not exceed a force of 2.3 kg. 
(5 pounds) on a 20 cm. (8-inch) crank, as defined in Sec. 84.146.
    (d) The blower shall operate throughout the period without failure 
or indication of excessive wear of bearings or other working parts.


Sec. 84.145  Motor-operated blower test; minimum requirements.

    (a) Motor-operated blowers shall be tested by operating them at 
their specified running speed 6 to 8 hours daily for a period of 100 
hours when assembled with the kind and maximum length of hose for which 
the device is to be approved and when connected to each blower or 
manifold outlet designed for hose connections.
    (b) The connection between the motor and the blower shall be so 
constructed that the motor may be disengaged from the blower when the 
blower is operated by hand.
    (c) The blower shall operate throughout the period without failure 
or indication of excessive wear of bearings or other working parts.
    (d) Where a blower, which is ordinarily motor driven, is operated 
by hand, the power required to deliver 50 liters of air per minute to 
each wearer through the maximum length of hose shall not exceed one-
fiftieth horsepower, and the torque shall not exceed a force of 2.3 kg. 
(5 pounds) on a 20 cm. (8-inch) crank, as defined in Sec. 84.146.
    (e) Where the respirator is assembled with the facepiece and 15 m. 
(50 feet) of the hose for which it is to be approved, and when 
connected to one outlet with all other outlets closed and operated at a 
speed not exceeding 50 revolutions of the crank per minute, the amount 
of air delivered into the respiratory-inlet covering shall not exceed 
150 liters per minute.


Sec. 84.146  Method of measuring the power and torque required to 
operate blowers.

    As shown in Figure 1 of this section, the blower crank is replaced 
by a wooden drum, a (13 cm. (5 inches) in diameter is convenient). This 
drum is wound with about 12 m. (40 feet) of No. 2 picture cord, b. A 
weight, c, of sufficient mass to rotate the blower at the desired speed 
is suspended from this wire cord. A mark is made on the cord about 3 to 
4.5 m. (10 to 15 feet) from the weight, c. Another mark is placed at a 
measured distance (6-9 m./20-30 feet is convenient) from the first. 
These are used to facilitate timing. To determine the torque or 
horsepower required to operate the blower, the drum is started in 
rotation manually at or slightly above the speed at which the power 
measurement is to be made. The blower is then permitted to assume 
constant speed, and then as the first mark on the wire leaves the drum, 
a stopwatch is started. The watch is stopped when the second mark 
leaves the drum. From these data the foot-pounds per minute and the 
torque may be calculated.

Figure 1--Apparatus for measuring power required to operate blower. (42 
CFR part 84, subpart J, Sec. 84.146)

    Note: Figure 1 does not appear here, but is identical to the one 
that appears in 30 CFR 11.124-3. The full text will be included and 
printed in the final rule.]


Sec. 84.147  Type B supplied-air respirator; minimum requirements.

    No Type B supplied-air respirator shall be approved for use with a 
blower or with connection to an air supply device at positive 
pressures.


Sec. 84.148  Type C supplied-air respirator, continuous flow class; 
minimum requirements.

    (a) Respirators tested under this section shall be approved only 
when they supply respirable air at the pressures and quantities 
required.
    (b) The pressure at the inlet of the hose connection shall not 
exceed 863 kN/m2. (125 pounds per square inch gage).
    (c) Where the pressure at any point in the supply system exceeds 
863 kN/m.\2\ (125 pounds per square inch gage), the respirator shall be 
equipped with a pressure-release mechanism that will prevent the 
pressure at the hose connection from exceeding 863 kN/m.\2\ (125 pounds 
per square inch gage) under any conditions.


Sec. 84.149  Type C supplied-air respirator, demand and pressure demand 
class; minimum requirements.

    (a) Respirators tested under this section shall be approved only 
when used to supply respirable air at the pressures and quantities 
required.
    (b) The manufacturer shall specify the range of air pressure at the 
point of attachment of the air-supply hose to the air-supply system, 
and the range of hose length for the respirator. For example, he might 
specify that the respirator be used with compressed air at pressures 
ranging from 280-550 kN/m.\2\ (40 to 80 pounds per square inch) with 
from 6 to 76 m. (15 to 250 feet) of air-supply hose.
    (c) The specified air pressure at the point of attachment of the 
hose to the air-supply system shall not exceed 863 kN/m.\2\ (125 pounds 
per square inch gage).
    (d) (1) Where the pressure in the air-supply system exceeds 863 kN/
m.\2\ (125 pounds per square inch gage), the respirator shall be 
equipped with a pressure-release mechanism that will prevent the 
pressure at the point of attachment of the hose to the air-supply 
system from exceeding 863 kN/m.\2\ (125 pounds per square inch gage).
    (2) The pressure-release mechanism shall be set to operate at a 
pressure not more than 20 percent above the manufacturer's highest 
specified pressure. For example, if the highest specified pressure is 
863 kN/m.\2\ (125 pounds per square inch), the pressure-release 
mechanism would be set to operate at a maximum of 1,035 kN/m.\2\ (150 
pounds per square inch).


Sec. 84.150  Air-supply line tests; minimum requirements.

    Air supply lines employed on Type A, Type B, and Type C supplied-
air respirators shall meet the minimum test requirements set forth in 
Table 8 of this subpart.


Sec. 84.151  Harness test; minimum requirements.

    (a) (1) Shoulder straps employed on Type A supplied-air respirators 
shall be tested for strength of material, joints, and seams and must 
separately withstand a pull of 113 kg. (250 pounds) for 30 minutes 
without failure.
    (2) Belts, rings, and attachments for life lines must withstand a 
pull of 136 kg. (300 pounds) for 30 minutes without failure.
    (3) The hose shall be firmly attached to the harness so as to 
withstand a pull of 113 kg. (250 pounds) for 30 minutes without 
separating, and the hose attachments shall be arranged so that the pull 
or drag of the hose behind an advancing wearer does not disarrange the 
harness or exert pull upon the facepiece.
    (4) The arrangement and suitability of all harness accessories and 
fittings will be considered.
    (b)(1) The harness employed on Type B supplied-air respirators 
shall not be uncomfortable, disturbing, or interfere with the movements 
of the wearer.
    (2) The harness shall be easily adjustable to various sizes.
    (3) The hose shall be attached to the harness in a manner that will 
withstand a pull of 45 kg. (100 pounds) for 30 minutes without 
separating or showing signs of failure.
    (4) The design of the harness and attachment of the line shall 
permit dragging the maximum length of hose considered for approval over 
a concrete floor without disarranging the harness or exerting a pull on 
the facepiece.
    (5) The arrangement and suitability of all harness accessories and 
fittings will be considered.
    (c) The harness employed on Type C respirators shall be similar to 
that required on the Type B respirator, or, it may consist of a simple 
arrangement for attaching the hose to a part of the wearer's clothing 
in a practical manner that prevents a pull equivalent to dragging the 
maximum length of the hose over a concrete floor from exerting pull 
upon the respiratory-inlet covering.
    (d) Where supplied-air respirators have a rigid or partly rigid 
head covering, a suitable harness shall be required to assist in 
holding this covering in place.


Sec. 84.152  Breathing tube test; minimum requirements.

    (a)(1) Type A and Type B supplied-air respirators shall employ one 
or two flexible breathing tubes of the nonkinking type which extend 
from the facepiece to a connecting hose coupling attached to the belt 
or harness.
    (2) The breathing tubes employed shall permit free head movement, 
insure against closing off by kinking or by chin or arm pressure, and 
they shall not create a pull that will loosen the facepiece or disturb 
the wearer.
    (b) Breathing tubes employed on Type C supplied-air respirators of 
the continuous flow class shall meet the minimum requirements set forth 
in paragraph (a) of this section, however, an extension of the 
connecting hose may be employed in lieu of the breathing tubes 
required.
    (c)(1) A flexible, nonkinking type breathing tube shall:
    (i) Be employed on Type C supplied-air respirators of the demand 
and pressure-demand class; and
    (ii) Extend from the facepiece to the demand or pressure-demand 
valve, except where the valve is attached directly to the facepiece.
    (2) The breathing tube shall permit free head movement, insure 
against closing off by kinking or by chin or arm pressure, and shall 
not create a pull that will loosen the facepiece or disturb the wearer.


Sec. 84.153  Airflow resistance test, Type A and Type AE supplied-air 
respirators; minimum requirements.

    (a) Airflow resistance will be determined when the respirator is 
completely assembled with the respiratory-inlet covering, the air-
supply device, and the maximum length of air-supply hose coiled for 
one-half its length in loops 1.5 to 2.1 m. (5 to 7 feet) in diameter.
    (b) The inhalation resistance, drawn at the rate of 85 liters (3 
cubic feet) per minute when the blower is not operating or under any 
practical condition of blower operation shall not exceed the following 
amounts: 

------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Maximum length of hose for which     Maximum resistance, water column  
      respirator is approved                       height               
------------------------------------------------------------------------
      Feet             Meters            Inches           Millimeters   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
75..............             23               1.5                 38    
150.............             46               2.5                 64    
250.............             76               3.5                 89    
300.............             91               4.0               102     
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (c) The exhalation resistance shall not exceed 25 mm. (1 inch) of 
water-column height at a flow rate of 85 liters (3 cubic feet) per 
minute when the blower is not operating or under any practical 
condition of blower operation.


Sec. 84.154  Airflow resistance test; Type B and Type BE supplied-air 
respirators; minimum requirements.

    (a) Airflow resistance shall be determined when the respirator is 
completely assembled with the respiratory-inlet covering and the hose 
in the maximum length to be considered for approval, coiled in loops 
1.5 to 2.1 m. (5 to 7 feet) in diameter.
    (b) Airflow resistance shall not exceed 38 mm. (1.5 inches) of 
water-column height to air drawn at the flow rate of 85 liters (3 cubic 
feet) per minute.
    (c) The exhalation resistance shall not exceed 25 mm. (1 inch) of 
water-column height at this flow rate.


Sec. 84.155  Airflow resistance test; Type C supplied-air respirator, 
continuous flow class and Type CE supplied-air respirator; minimum 
requirements.

    The resistance to air flowing from the respirator shall not exceed 
25 mm. (1 inch) of water-column height when the air flow into the 
respiratory-inlet covering is 115 liters (4 cubic feet) per minute.


Sec. 84.156  Airflow resistance test; Type C supplied-air respirator, 
demand class; minimum requirements.

    (a) Inhalation resistance shall not exceed 50 millimeters (2 
inches) of water at an air flow of 115 liters (4 cubic feet) per 
minute.
    (b) The exhalation resistance to a flow of air at a rate of 85 
liters (3 cubic feet) per minute shall not exceed 25 millimeters (1 
inch) of water.


Sec. 84.157  Airflow resistance test; Type C supplied-air respirator, 
pressure-demand class; minimum requirements.

    (a) The static pressure in the facepiece shall not exceed 38 mm. 
(1.5 inches) of water-column height.
    (b) The pressure in the facepiece shall not fall below atmospheric 
at inhalation airflows less than 115 liters (4 cubic feet) per minute.
    (c) The exhalation resistance to a flow of air at a rate of 85 
liters (3 cubic feet) per minute shall not exceed the static pressure 
in the facepiece by more than 51 mm. (2 inches) of water-column height.


Sec. 84.158  Exhalation valve leakage test.

    (a) Dry exhalation valves and valve seats will be subjected to a 
suction of 25 mm. water-column height while in a normal operating 
position.
    (b) Leakage between the valve and valve seat shall not exceed 30 
milliliters per minute.


Sec. 84.159  Man tests for gases and vapors; supplied-air respirators; 
general performance requirements.

    (a) Wearers will enter a chamber containing a gas or vapor as 
prescribed in Secs. 84.160, 84.161, 84.162, and 84.163.
    (b) Each wearer will spend 10 minutes in work to provide 
observations on freedom of the device from leakage. The freedom and 
comfort allowed the wearer will also be considered.
    (c) Time during the test period will be divided as follows:
    (1) Five minutes. Walking, turning head, dipping chin; and
    (2) Five minutes. Pumping air with a tire pump into a 28-liter (1 
cubic foot) container, or equivalent work.
    (d) No odor of the test gas or vapor shall be detected by the 
wearer in the air breathed during any such test, and the wearer shall 
not be subjected to any undue discomfort or encumbrance because of the 
fit, air delivery, or other features of the respirator during the 
testing period.


Sec. 84.160  Man test for gases and vapors; Type A and Type AE 
respirators; test requirements.

    (a) The completely assembled respirator will be worn in a chamber 
containing 0.10.025 percent isoamyl acetate vapor, and the 
blower, the intake of the hose, and not more than 25 percent of the 
hose length will be located in isoamyl acetate-free air.
    (b) The man in the isoamyl acetate atmosphere will draw his 
inspired air through the hose, connections, and all parts of the air 
device by means of his lungs alone (blower not operating).
    (c) The 10-minute work test will be repeated with the blower in 
operation at any practical speed up to 50 revolutions of the crank per 
minute.


Sec. 84.161  Man test for gases and vapors; Type B and Type BE 
respirators; test requirements.

    (a) The completely assembled respirator will be worn in a chamber 
containing 0.10.025 percent isoamyl acetate vapor, and the 
intake of the hose, and not more than 25 percent of the hose length 
will be located in isoamyl acetate-free air.
    (b) The man in the isoamyl acetate atmosphere will draw his 
inspired air through the hose and connections by means of his lungs 
alone.


Sec. 84.162  Man test for gases and vapors; Type C respirators, 
continuous-flow class and Type CE supplied-air respirators; test 
requirements.

    (a) The completely assembled respirator will be worn in a chamber 
containing 0.10.025 percent isoamyl acetate vapor, the 
intake of the hose will be connected to a suitable source of respirable 
air, and not more than 25 percent of the hose length will be located in 
isoamyl acetate-free air.
    (b) The minimum flow of air required to maintain a positive 
pressure in the respiratory-inlet covering throughout the entire 
breathing cycle will be supplied to the wearer, provided however, that 
airflow shall not be less than 115 liters per minute for tight-fitting 
and not less than 170 liters per minute for loose-fitting respiratory 
inlet-coverings.
    (c) The test will be repeated with the maximum rate of flow 
attainable within specified operating pressures.


Sec. 84.163  Man test for gases and vapors; Type C supplied-air 
respirators, demand and pressure-demand classes; test requirements.

    (a) The completely assembled respirator will be worn in a chamber 
containing 0.10.025 percent isoamyl acetate vapor, the 
intake of the hose will be connected to a suitable source of respirable 
air, and not more than 25 percent of the hose length will be located in 
isoamyl acetate-free air.
    (b) The test will be conducted at the minimum pressure with the 
maximum hose length and will be repeated at the maximum pressure with 
the minimum hose length.

Tables to Subpart J of Part 84 

            Table 8.--Air-Supply-Line Requirements and Tests            
                      [42 CFR part 84, subpart J]                       
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Requirements for the air-supply lines of the indicated
    Specific                 type of supplied-air respirators           
  requirements   -------------------------------------------------------
                       Type A           Type B             Type C       
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Length of hose..  Maximum of 91    Maximum of 23    Maximum of 91 m.    
                   m. (300 feet)    m. (75 feet)     (300 feet) in      
                   in multiples     in multiples     multiples of 7.6 m.
                   of 7.6 m. (25    of 7.6 m. (25    (25 feet). It will 
                   feet).           feet).           be permissible for 
                                                     the applicant to   
                                                     supply hose of the 
                                                     approved type of   
                                                     shorter length than
                                                     7.6 m. (25 feet)   
                                                     provided it meets  
                                                     the requirements of
                                                     the part.          
Airflow.........  None...........  None...........  The air-supply hose 
                                                     with air regulating
                                                     valve or orifice   
                                                     shall permit a flow
                                                     of not less than   
                                                     115 liters (4 cubic
                                                     feet) per minute to
                                                     tight-fitting and  
                                                     170 liters (6 cubic
                                                     feet) per minute to
                                                     loose-fitting      
                                                     respiratory-inlet  
                                                     coverings through  
                                                     the maximum length 
                                                     of hose for which  
                                                     approval is granted
                                                     and at the minimum 
                                                     specified air-     
                                                     supply pressure.   
                                                     The maximum flow   
                                                     shall not exceed   
                                                     425 liters (15     
                                                     cubic feet) per    
                                                     minute at the      
                                                     maximum specified  
                                                     air-supply pressure
                                                     with the minimum   
                                                     length of hose for 
                                                     which approval is  
                                                     granted.           
Airflow.........  ......do.......  ......do.......  The air-supply hose,
                                                     detachable         
                                                     coupling, and      
                                                     demand valve of the
                                                     demand class or    
                                                     pressure-demand    
                                                     valve of the       
                                                     pressure-demand    
                                                     class for Type C   
                                                     supplied-air       
                                                     respirators, demand
                                                     and pressure-demand
                                                     classes, shall be  
                                                     capable of         
                                                     delivering         
                                                     respirable air at a
                                                     rate of not less   
                                                     than 115 liters (4 
                                                     cubic feet) per    
                                                     minute to the      
                                                     respiratory-inlet  
                                                     covering at an     
                                                     inhalation         
                                                     resistance not     
                                                     exceeding 50       
                                                     millimeters (2     
                                                     inches) of water-  
                                                     column height      
                                                     measured in the    
                                                     respiratory-inlet  
                                                     covering with any  
                                                     combination of air-
                                                     supply pressure and
                                                     length of hose     
                                                     within the         
                                                     applicant's        
                                                     specified range of 
                                                     pressure and hose  
                                                     length. The airflow
                                                     rate and resistance
                                                     to inhalation shall
                                                     be measured while  
                                                     the demand or      
                                                     pressure-demand    
                                                     valve is actuated  
                                                     20 times per minute
                                                     by a source of     
                                                     intermittent       
                                                     suction. The       
                                                     maximum rate of    
                                                     flow to the        
                                                     respiratory-inlet  
                                                     covering shall not 
                                                     exceed 425 liters  
                                                     (15 cubic feet) per
                                                     minute under the   
                                                     specified operating
                                                     conditions.        
Air-regulating    ......do.......  ......do.......  If an air-regulating
 valve.                                              valve is provided, 
                                                     it shall be so     
                                                     designed that it   
                                                     will remain at a   
                                                     specific           
                                                     adjustment, which  
                                                     will not be        
                                                     affected by the    
                                                     ordinary movement  
                                                     of the wearer. The 
                                                     valve must be so   
                                                     constructed that   
                                                     the air supply with
                                                     the maximum length 
                                                     of hose and at the 
                                                     minimum specified  
                                                     air-supply pressure
                                                     will not be less   
                                                     than 115 liters (4 
                                                     cubic feet) of air 
                                                     per minute to tight-
                                                     fitting and 170    
                                                     liters (6 cubic    
                                                     feet) of air per   
                                                     minute of loose-   
                                                     fitting respiratory
                                                     inlet coverings for
                                                     any adjustment of  
                                                     the valve. If a    
                                                     demand or pressure-
                                                     demand valve       
                                                     replaces the air-  
                                                     regulating valve,  
                                                     it shall be        
                                                     connected to the   
                                                     air-supply at the  
                                                     maximum air        
                                                     pressure for which 
                                                     approval is sought 
                                                     by means of the    
                                                     minimum length of  
                                                     air-supply hose for
                                                     which approval is  
                                                     sought. The outlet 
                                                     of the demand or   
                                                     pressure-demand    
                                                     valve shall be     
                                                     connected to a     
                                                     source of          
                                                     intermittent       
                                                     suction so that the
                                                     demand or pressure-
                                                     demand valve is    
                                                     actuated           
                                                     approximately 20   
                                                     times per minute   
                                                     for a total of     
                                                     100,000            
                                                     inhalations. To    
                                                     expedite this test,
                                                     the rate of        
                                                     actuation may be   
                                                     increased if       
                                                     mutually agreeable 
                                                     to the applicant   
                                                     and NIOSH. During  
                                                     this test the valve
                                                     shall function.    
Noncollapsibilit  The hose shall   Same as Type A.  None.               
 y.                not collapse                                         
                   or exhibit                                           
                   permanent                                            
                   deformation                                          
                   when a force                                         
                   of 90 kg. (200                                       
                   pounds) is                                           
                   applied for 5                                        
                   minutes                                              
                   between 2                                            
                   planes 7.6 cm.                                       
                   (3 inches)                                           
                   wide on                                              
                   opposite sides                                       
                   of the hose.                                         
Nonkinkability..  None...........  None...........  A 7.6 m. (25 foot)  
                                                     section of the hose
                                                     will be placed on a
                                                     horizontal-plane   
                                                     surface and shaped 
                                                     into a one-loop    
                                                     coil with one end  
                                                     of the hose        
                                                     connected to an    
                                                     airflow meter and  
                                                     the other end of   
                                                     the hose supplied  
                                                     with air at the    
                                                     minimum specified  
                                                     supply pressure.   
                                                    The connection shall
                                                     be in the plane of 
                                                     the loop. The other
                                                     end of the hose    
                                                     will be pulled     
                                                     tangentially to the
                                                     loop and in the    
                                                     plane of the loop  
                                                     until the hose     
                                                     straightens.       
                                                    To meet the         
                                                     requirements of    
                                                     this test the loop 
                                                     shall maintain a   
                                                     uniform near-      
                                                     circular shape and 
                                                     ultimately unfold  
                                                     as a spiral,       
                                                     without any        
                                                     localized          
                                                     deformation that   
                                                     decreases the flow 
                                                     of air to less than
                                                     90 percent of the  
                                                     flow when the hose 
                                                     is tested while    
                                                     remaining in a     
                                                     straight line.     
Strength of hose  Hose and         Same as Type A.  Hose and couplings  
 and couplings.    couplings                         shall not exhibit  
                   shall not                         any separation or  
                   separate or                       failure when tested
                   fail when                         with a pull of 45  
                   tested with a                     kg. (100 pounds)   
                   pull of 113                       for 5 minutes and  
                   kg. (250                          when tested by     
                   pounds) for 5                     subjecting them to 
                   minutes.                          an internal air    
                                                     pressure of 2 times
                                                     the maximum        
                                                     respirator-supply  
                                                     pressure that is   
                                                     specified by the   
                                                     applicant or at 173
                                                     kN/m. 2 (25 pounds 
                                                     per square inch)   
                                                     gage, whichever is 
                                                     higher.            
Tightness.......  No air leakage   None...........  Leakage of air      
                   shall occur                       exceeding 50 cc.   
                   when the hose                     per minute at each 
                   and couplings                     coupling shall not 
                   are joined and                    be permitted when  
                   the joint(s)                      the hose and       
                   are immersed                      couplings are      
                   in water and                      joined and are     
                   subjected to                      immersed in water, 
                   an internal                       with air flowing   
                   air pressure                      through the        
                   of 35 kN/m. 2                     respirator under a 
                   (5 pounds per                     pressure of 173 kN/
                   square inch)                      m. 2 (25 pounds per
                   gage.                             square inch) gage  
                                                     applied to the     
                                                     inlet end of the   
                                                     air-supply hose, or
                                                     at twice the       
                                                     maximum respirator-
                                                     supply pressure    
                                                     that is specified  
                                                     by the applicant,  
                                                     whichever is       
                                                     higher.            
Permeation of     The permeation   Same as for      Same as for Type A, 
 hose by           of the hose by   Type A.          except the test    
 gasoline.         gasoline will                     period shall be 1  
                   be tested by                      hour.              
                   immersing 7.6                                        
                   m. (25 feet)                                         
                   of hose and                                          
                   one coupling                                         
                   in gasoline,                                         
                   with air                                             
                   flowing                                              
                   through the                                          
                   hose at the                                          
                   rate of 8                                            
                   liters per                                           
                   minute for 6                                         
                   hours. The air                                       
                   from the hose                                        
                   shall not                                            
                   contain more                                         
                   than 0.01                                            
                   percent by                                           
                   volume of                                            
                   gasoline vapor                                       
                   at the end of                                        
                   the test.                                            
Detachable        None...........  None...........  A hand-operated     
 coupling.                                           detachable coupling
                                                     by which the wearer
                                                     can readily attach 
                                                     or detach the      
                                                     connecting hose    
                                                     shall be provided  
                                                     at a convenient    
                                                     location. This     
                                                     coupling shall be  
                                                     durable, remain    
                                                     connected under all
                                                     conditions of      
                                                     normal respirator  
                                                     use, and meet the  
                                                     prescribed tests   
                                                     for strength and   
                                                     tightness of hose  
                                                     and couplings.     
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Subpart K--Particulate Respirators


Sec. 84.170  Particulate respirators; description.

    (a) Particulate air-purifying respirators have filters to remove 
solid or both liquid and solid particulates from the ambient air. They 
are designed for use as respiratory protection against atmospheres with 
particulate contaminants (e.g., dust, fume, mists) that are not 
immediately dangerous to life or health and that contain adequate 
oxygen to support life.
    (b) Particulate air-purifying respirators are classified as either 
non-powered or powered, according to their design and are further 
classified into one of two types: those intended for removal of solid 
particulates only and those intended for both liquid and solid 
particulates.
    (c) Non-powered particulate air-purifying respirators are 
classified according to the efficiency of the filter element(s) as 
tested according to the requirements of this part.
    (1) Type A filters shall demonstrate a minimum efficiency of 99.97 
percent.
    (2) Type B filters shall demonstrate a minimum efficiency of 99 
percent.
    (3) Type C filters shall demonstrate a minimum efficiency of 95 
percent.
    (d) Powered particulate air-purifying respirators are classified 
according to the efficiency of the filter element(s) as tested 
according to the requirements of this part.
    (1) Type A filters shall demonstrate a minimum efficiency of 99.97 
percent.
    (2) Type B filters shall demonstrate a minimum efficiency of 99 
percent.


Sec. 84.171  Particulate respirators; required components.

    (a) Each particulate respirator described in Sec. 84.170 shall, 
where its design requires, contain the following component parts:
    (1) Facepiece, mouthpiece with noseclip, hood, or helmet;
    (2) Filter unit;
    (3) Harness;
    (4) Attached blower; and
    (5) Breathing tube.
    (b) The components of each particulate respirator shall meet the 
minimum construction requirements set forth in subpart G of this part.


Sec. 84.172  Breathing tubes; minimum requirements.

    Flexible breathing tubes used in conjunction with respirators shall 
be designed and constructed to prevent:
    (a) Restriction of free head movement;
    (b) Disturbance of the fit of facepieces, mouthpieces, hoods, or 
helmets;
    (c) Interference with the wearer's activities; and
    (d) Shutoff of airflow due to kinking, or from chin or arm 
pressure.


Sec. 84.173  Harnesses; installation and construction; minimum 
requirements.

    (a) Each respirator shall, where necessary, be equipped with a 
suitable harness designed and constructed to hold the components of the 
respirator in position against the wearer's body.
    (b) Harnesses shall be designed and constructed to permit easy 
removal and replacement of respirator parts, and, where applicable, 
provide for holding a full facepiece in the ready position when not in 
use.


Sec. 84.174  Respirator containers; minimum requirements.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section each 
respirator shall be equipped with a substantial, durable container 
bearing markings which show the applicant's name, the type of 
respirator it contains, and all appropriate approval labels.
    (b) Containers for single-use respirators may provide for storage 
of more than one respirator, however, such containers shall be designed 
and constructed to prevent contamination of respirators which are not 
removed, and to prevent damage to respirators during transit.


Sec. 84.175  Half-mask facepieces, full facepieces, hoods, helmets, and 
mouthpieces; fit; minimum requirements.

    (a) Half-mask facepieces and full facepieces shall be designed and 
constructed to fit persons with various facial shapes and sizes either:
    (1) By providing more than one facepiece size; or
    (2) By providing one facepiece size which will fit varying facial 
shapes and sizes.
    (b) Full facepieces shall provide for optional use of corrective 
spectacles or lenses, which shall not reduce the respiratory protective 
qualities of the respirator.
    (c) Hoods and helmets shall be designed and constructed to fit 
persons with various head sizes, provide for the optional use of 
corrective spectacles or lenses, and insure against any restriction of 
movement by the wearer.
    (d) Mouthpieces shall be equipped with noseclips which are securely 
attached to the mouthpiece or respirator and provide an airtight seal.
    (e) Facepieces, hoods, and helmets shall be designed to prevent 
eyepiece fogging.
    (f) Half-mask facepieces shall not interfere with the fit of common 
industrial safety corrective spectacles, as determined by the 
Institute's facepiece tests in Secs. 84.181 and 84.182.


Sec. 84.176  Facepieces, hoods, and helmets; eyepieces; minimum 
requirements.

    Facepieces, hoods, and helmets shall be designed and constructed to 
provide adequate vision which is not distorted by the eyepieces.


Sec. 84.177  Inhalation and exhalation valves; minimum requirements.

    (a) Inhalation and exhalation valves shall be protected against 
distortion.
    (b) Inhalation valves shall be designed and constructed and 
provided where necessary to prevent excessive exhaled air from 
adversely affecting filters, except where filters are specifically 
designed to resist moisture.
    (c) Exhalation valves shall be:
    (1) Provided where necessary;
    (2) Protected against damage and external influence; and
    (3) Designed and constructed to prevent inward leakage of 
contaminated air.


Sec. 84.178  Head harnesses; minimum requirements.

    (a) All facepieces shall be equipped with head harnesses designed 
and constructed to provide adequate tension during use and an even 
distribution of pressure over the entire area in contact with the face.
    (b) Facepiece head harnesses, except those employed on single-use 
respirators, shall be adjustable and replaceable.
    (c) Mouthpieces shall be equipped, where applicable, with 
adjustable and replaceable harnesses, designed and constructed to hold 
the mouthpiece in place.


Sec. 84.179  Air velocity and noise levels; hoods and helmets; minimum 
requirements.

    Noise levels generated by the respirator will be measured inside 
the hood or helmet at maximum airflow obtainable and shall not exceed 
80 dBA.


Sec. 84.180  Particulate respirators; filter type identification.

    (a) The respirator manufacturer, as part of the application for 
certification, shall specify the filter-efficiency/particulate-type 
classification (i.e., 95, 99, or 99.97 
percent efficiency against solid or both liquid and solid particulates) 
for which certification is being sought.
    (b) Filters shall be prominently labeled as follows:
    (1) Type A (99.97% efficiency) filters intended for use against 
only solid particulates shall be labeled ``Type A/S Particulate 
Filter'' and shall be a color other than magenta.
    (2) Type A (99.97% efficiency) filters intended for use against 
both liquid and solid particulates shall be labeled ``Type A/L&S 
Particulate Filter'' and shall be color coded magenta.
    (3) Type B (99% efficiency) filters intended for use against only 
solid particulates shall be labeled ``Type B/S Particulate Filter'' and 
shall be a color other than magenta.
    (4) Type B (99% efficiency) filters intended for use against both 
liquid and solid particulates shall be labeled ``Type B/L&S Particulate 
Filter'' and shall be a color other that magenta.
    (5) Type C (95% efficiency) filters intended for use against only 
solid particulates shall be labeled as ``Type C/S Particulate Filter'' 
and shall be a color other that magenta.
    (6) Type C (95% efficiency) filters intended for use against both 
liquid and solid particulates shall be labeled as ``Type C/L&S 
Particulate Filter'' and shall be a color other than magenta.


Sec. 84.181  Isoamyl acetate tightness test; particulate respirators 
with filters not intended to be replaced.

    (a) The respirator will be modified in such a manner that all of 
the air that normally would be inhaled through the inhalation port(s) 
is drawn through an efficient activated charcoal-filled canister, or 
cartridge(s), without interference with the face-contacting portion of 
the facepiece.
    (b) The modified respirator will be worn by persons for at least 2 
minutes each in a test chamber containing 100 parts (by volume) of 
isoamyl-acetate vapor per million parts of air.
    (c) The odor of isoamyl-acetate shall not be detected by the 
wearers of the modified respirator while in the test atmosphere.


Sec. 84.182  Isoamyl acetate tightness test; respirators with 
replaceable filters; minimum requirements.

    (a) The applicant shall provide a charcoal-filled canister or 
cartridge of a size and resistance similar to the filter unit with 
connectors which can be attached to the facepiece in the same manner as 
the filter unit.
    (b) (1) The canister or cartridge will be used in place of the 
filter unit, and persons will each wear a modified half-mask facepiece 
for 5 minutes in a test chamber containing 100 parts (by volume) of 
isoamyl-acetate vapor per million parts of air.
    (2) The following work schedule will be performed by each wearer in 
the test chamber:
    (i) Two minutes walking, nodding, and shaking head in normal 
movements; and
    (ii) Three minutes exercising and running in place.
    (3) The facepiece shall be capable of adjustment, according to the 
applicant's instructions, to each wearer's face, and the odor of 
isoamyl-acetate shall not be detectable by any wearer during the test.
    (c) Where the respirator is equipped with a full facepiece, hood, 
helmet, or mouthpiece, the canister or cartridge will be used in place 
of the filter unit, and persons will each wear the modified 
respiratory-inlet covering for 5 minutes in a test chamber containing 
1,000 parts (by volume) of isoamyl-acetate vapor per million parts of 
air, performing the work schedule specified in paragraph (b)(2) of this 
section.


Sec. 84.183  Airflow-resistance tests.

    (a) Resistance to airflow shall be measured in the facepiece, 
mouthpiece, hood, or helmet of a particulate respirator (complete 
respirator) mounted on a test fixture with air flowing at a continuous 
rate of 85 liters (3.0 cubic feet) per minute, before each test 
conducted in accordance with Sec. 84.184.
    (b) The resistances for particulate respirators upon initial 
inhalation shall not exceed 30 mm water column height (1.18 inch) 
pressure and upon initial exhalation shall not exceed 20 mm water 
column height (0.79 inch) pressure.


Sec. 84.184  Particulate instantaneous-penetration-filter test.

    (a) Thirty filters of each particulate respirator model shall be 
tested for instantaneous penetration efficiency against:
    (1) A solid sodium chloride particulate aerosol as per this section 
if solid particulate certification only is requested by the applicant.
    (2) A dioctyl phthalate or equivalent oil liquid particulate 
aerosol as per this section if both liquid and solid particulate 
certification is requested by the applicant.
    (b) Air-purifying elements of the respirators including the 
element's holders and gaskets; when separable, shall be tested for 
instantaneous filter leakage as mounted on a test fixture that 
incorporates the connector in the manner as used on the respirator.
    (c) Prior to penetration testing, all air-purifying elements of 
particulate filter respirators shall be taken out of their packaging 
and placed in an environment of 855 percent relative 
humidity at 382.5  deg.C (1004.5  deg.F) for 
251 hours. Following the humidity conditioning, filters 
shall be sealed in a gas-tight container until tested.
    (d) When the air-purifying elements are not separable, the 
exhalation valves shall be blocked so as to ensure that leakage, if 
present, is not included in the filter penetration evaluation.
    (e) For air-purifying respirators with a single filter, filters 
shall be penetration tested at a continuous airflow rate of 85 liters 
(3.0 cubic feet) per minute 5 percent. Where filters are to 
be used in pairs, the test-aerosol airflow rate shall be 42.5 liters 
(1.5 cubic feet) per minute 5 percent through each filter.
    (f) Powered air-purifying particulate respirators (PAPRs) shall be 
penetration tested while operating in their routine operational mode 
(with fully-charged batteries if they possess battery packs or at 
normal line voltage, if line-powered). Powered air-purifying 
respirators with loose fitting facepieces shall be tested in a free-
flow mode. Powered air-purifying respirators with tight fitting 
facepieces shall be tested on a headform connected to a breathing 
machine operated at a rate of 24 respirations per minute with a minute 
volume of 40 liters and equipped with a workrate cam of 622 kp-m/min or 
equivalent breathing device. The airflow of a powered air-purifying 
respirator will be measured after each of the penetration tests and it 
shall meet the airflow requirements of Sec. 84.185 of this Subpart.
    (g) Penetration test aerosols.
    (1) When testing for filter leakage of solid particulate aerosols, 
a sodium chloride solid aerosol at 255  deg.C 
(779  deg.F) and relative humidity of less than 30 percent 
that has been neutralized to the Boltzmann equilibrium state shall be 
used. Each respirator filter unit shall be challenged with a 
concentration not exceeding 200 mg/m\3\. For nonpowered respirators, 
the penetration test shall continue until maximum penetration is 
achieved or until an aerosol mass of at least 2005 mg has 
contacted the filter unit. For powered air-purifying respirators, the 
penetration test shall continue until maximum penetration is achieved 
or until a mass of at least 2,00050 mg has contacted the 
filter unit.
    (2) When testing for filter leakage of oil liquid particulate 
aerosols, a dioctyl phthalate (DOP) or equivalent oil at 
255  deg.C that has been neutralized to the Boltzmann 
equilibrium state shall be used. Each respirator filter unit shall be 
challenged with a concentration not exceeding 200 mg/m\3\. For non-
powered respirators, the penetration test shall continue until maximum 
penetration is achieved or until an aerosol mass of at least 
2005 mg has contacted the filter unit. For powered air-
purifying respirators, the penetration test shall continue until a 
maximum penetration is achieved or until a mass of at least 
2,00050 mg has contacted the filter unit.
    (h) The sodium chloride test aerosol shall have a particle size 
distribution with count median diameter between 0.06 and 0.11 
micrometer and a standard geometric deviation not exceeding 1.86 at the 
specified test conditions as determined with a differential mobility 
particle sizer. The liquid particulate test aerosol shall have a 
particle size distribution with count median diameter between 0.17 and 
0.22 micrometer and a standard geometric deviation not exceeding 1.60 
at the specified test conditions as determined with a differential 
mobility particle sizer.
    (i) The instantaneous penetration of the filter shall be monitored 
and recorded throughout the test period by a suitable forward-light-
scattering photometer or equivalent instrumentation.
    (j) The maximum filter penetration for each of the 30 filters shall 
be determined and recorded. The mean maximum penetration, m, and the 
standard deviation, s, shall be calculated. The particulate respirator 
filter shall be considered as meeting the requirement of this Subpart 
if the test static U meets the following condition:

U=m+2.22s0.0003 type A.
U=m+2.22s0.01 type B.
U=m+2.22s0.05 type C.


Sec. 84.185  Powered, particulate respirator flow requirements.

    Powered, air-purifying respirators shall be classified as tight-
fitting or loose-fitting depending on their design. Tight-fitting, 
powered, air-purifying respirators shall be designed to seal to the 
wearer's face and shall provide protection as a non-powered respirator 
in the event of a blower failure. Loose-fitting, powered, air-purifying 
respirators shall be designed to function without reliance on a tight-
fitting faceseal. The minimum airflow requirements for each class is as 
follows:
    (a) Tight-fitting, powered, air-purifying respirators shall 
maintain an airflow rate of at least 115 liters (4.06 cubic feet) per 
minute for a period of at least 4 hours unless otherwise specified.
    (b) Loose-fitting, powered, air-purifying respirators shall 
maintain an airflow rate of at least 170 liters (6.0 cubic feet) per 
minute for a period of at least 4 hours unless otherwise specified.
    (c) Powered, air-purifying respirators shall be provided with an 
acceptable mechanism and appropriate instructions whereby the user can 
routinely and simply determine that the minimum airflow is maintained.


Sec. 84.186  Exhalation valve leakage test; minimum requirements.

    (a) Dry exhalation valves and valve seats will be subjected to a 
suction of 25 mm. water-column height while in a normal operating 
position.
    (b) Leakage between the valve and valve seat shall not exceed 30 
milliliters per minute.

Subpart L--Chemical Cartridge Respirators


Sec. 84.190  Chemical cartridge respirators: description.

    (a) Chemical cartridge respirators including all completely 
assembled respirators which are designed for use as respiratory 
protection during entry into or escape from atmospheres not immediately 
dangerous to life and health, are described according to the specific 
gases or vapors against which they are designed to provide respiratory 
protection, as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                            Maximum use 
                                                          concentration,
        Type of chemical cartridge respirator\1\             parts per  
                                                              million   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia.................................................           300  
Chlorine................................................            10  
Hydrogen chloride.......................................            50  
Methyl amine............................................           100  
Organic vapor...........................................      \2\1,000  
Sulfur dioxide..........................................            50  
Vinyl chloride..........................................            10  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Not for use against gases or vapors with poor warning properties     
  (except where MSHA or Occupational Safety and Health Administration   
  standards may permit such use for a specific gas or vapor) or those   
  which generate high heats of reaction with sorbent material in the    
  cartridge.                                                            
\2\Maximum use concentrations are lower for organic vapors which produce
  atmospheres immediately hazardous to life or health at concentrations 
  equal to or lower than this concentration.                            

    (b) Chemical cartridge respirators for respiratory protection 
against gases or vapors, which are not specifically listed with their 
maximum use concentration, may be approved if the applicant submits a 
request for such approval, in writing, to the Institute. The Institute 
shall consider each such application and accept or reject the 
application after a review of the effects on the wearer's health and 
safety and in the light of any field experience in use of chemical 
cartridge respirators as protection against such hazards.


Sec. 84.191  Chemical cartridge respirators; required components.

    (a) Each chemical cartridge respirator described in Sec. 84.190 
shall, where its design requires, contain the following component 
parts:
    (1) Facepiece, mouthpiece, and noseclip, hood, or helmet;
    (2) Cartridge;
    (3) Cartridge with filter;
    (4) Harness;
    (5) Breathing tube; and
    (6) Attached blower.
    (b) The components of each chemical cartridge respirator shall meet 
the minimum construction requirements set forth in subpart G of this 
part.


Sec. 84.192  Cartridges in parallel; resistance requirements.

    Where two or more cartridges are used in parallel, their resistance 
to airflow shall be essentially equal.


Sec. 84.193  Cartridges; color and markings; requirements.

    The color and markings of all cartridges or labels shall conform 
with the requirements of the American National Standard for 
Identification of Gas Mask Canisters, K13.1, obtainable from American 
National Standards Institute, Inc., 1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018.


Sec. 84.194  Filters used with chemical cartridges; location; 
replacement.

    (a) Particulate matter filters used in conjunction with a chemical 
cartridge shall be located on the inlet side of the cartridge.
    (b) Filters shall be incorporated in or firmly attached to the 
cartridge and each filter assembly shall, where applicable, be designed 
to permit its easy removal from and replacement on the cartridge.


Sec. 84.195  Breathing tubes; minimum requirements.

    Flexible breathing tubes used in conjunction with respirators shall 
be designed and constructed to prevent:
    (a) Restriction of free head movement;
    (b) Disturbance of the fit of facepieces, mouthpieces, hoods, or 
helmets;
    (c) Interference with the wearer's activities; and
    (d) Shutoff of airflow due to kinking, or from chin or arm 
pressure.


Sec. 84.196  Harnesses; installation and construction; minimum 
requirements.

    (a) Each respirator shall, where necessary, be equipped with a 
suitable harness designed and constructed to hold the components of the 
respirator in position against the wearer's body.
    (b) Harnesses shall be designed and constructed to permit easy 
removal and replacement of respirator parts and, where applicable, 
provide for holding a full facepiece in the ready position when not in 
use.


Sec. 84.197  Respirator containers; minimum requirements.

    Respirators shall be equipped with a substantial, durable container 
bearing markings which show the applicant's name, the type and 
commercial designation of the respirator it contains and all 
appropriate approval labels.


Sec. 84.198  Half-mask facepieces, full facepieces, mouthpieces, hoods, 
and helmets; fit; minimum requirements.

    (a) Half-mask facepieces and full facepieces shall be designed and 
constructed to fit persons with various facial shapes and sizes either:
    (1) By providing more than one facepiece size; or
    (2) By providing one facepiece size which will fit varying facial 
shapes and sizes.
    (b) Hoods and helmets shall be designed and constructed to fit 
persons with various head sizes, provide for the optional use of 
corrective spectacles or lenses, and insure against any restriction of 
movement by the wearer.
    (c) Mouthpieces shall be equipped with noseclips which are securely 
attached to the mouthpiece or respirator and provide an airtight fit.
    (d) Full facepieces shall provide for optional use of corrective 
spectacles or lenses which shall not reduce the respiratory protective 
qualities of the respirator.
    (e) Facepieces, hoods, and helmets shall be designed to prevent 
eyepiece fogging.


Sec. 84.199  Facepieces, hoods, and helmets; eyepieces; minimum 
requirements.

    Facepieces, hoods, and helmets shall be designed and constructed to 
provide adequate vision which is not distorted by the eyepieces.


Sec. 84.200  Inhalation and exhalation valves; minimum requirements.

    (a) Inhalation and exhalation valves shall be provided where 
necessary and protected against distortion.
    (b) Inhalation valves shall be designed and constructed to prevent 
excessive exhaled air from entering cartridges or adversely affecting 
canisters.
    (c) Exhalation valves shall be:
    (1) Protected against damage and external influence; and
    (2) Designed and constructed to prevent inward leakage of 
contaminated air.


Sec. 84.201  Head harnesses; minimum requirements.

    (a) (1) Facepieces for chemical cartridge respirators other than 
single-use vinyl chloride shall be equipped with adjustable and 
replaceable head harnesses designed and constructed to provide adequate 
tension during use and an even distribution of pressure over the entire 
area in contact with the face.
    (2) Facepieces for single-use vinyl chloride respirators shall be 
equipped with adjustable head harnesses designed and constructed to 
provide adequate tension during use and an even distribution of 
pressure over the entire area in contact with the face.
    (b) Mouthpieces shall be equipped where applicable, with an 
adjustable and replaceable harness designed and constructed to hold the 
mouthpiece in place.


Sec. 84.202  Air velocity and noise levels; hoods and helmets; minimum 
requirements.

    Noise levels generated by the respirator will be measured inside 
the hood or helmet at maximum airflow obtainable and shall not exceed 
80 dBA.


Sec. 84.203  Breathing resistance test; minimum requirements.

    (a) Resistance to airflow will be measured in the facepiece, 
mouthpiece, hood, or helmet of a chemical cartridge respirator mounted 
on a test fixture with air flowing at a continuous rate of 85 liters 
per minute, both before and after each test conducted in accordance 
with Secs. 84.206 through 84.207.
    (b) The maximum allowable resistance requirements for chemical 
cartridge respirators are as follows: 

                           Maximum Resistance                           
                    [Millimeter water column height]                    
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                              Inhalation                
  Type of chemical-cartridge respirator  -------------------- Exhalation
                                           Initial  Final\1\            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Other than single-use vinyl chloride                                    
 respirators:                                                           
  For gases, vapors, or gases and vapors        40        45         20 
  For gases, vapors, or gases and                                       
   vapors, and particulates.............        50        70         20 
Single-use respirator with valves:                                      
  For vinyl chloride....................        20        25         20 
  For vinyl chloride and particulates...        30        45         20 
Single-use respirator without valves:                                   
  For vinyl chloride....................        15        20      (\2\) 
  For vinyl chloride and particulates...        25        40     (\2\)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Measured at end of service life specified in Table 11 of this        
  subpart.                                                              
\2\Same as inhalation.                                                  

Sec. 84.204  Exhalation valve leakage test; minimum requirements.

    (a) Dry exhalation valves and valve seats will be subjected to a 
suction of 25 mm. water-column height while in a normal operating 
position.
    (b) Leakage between the valve and valve seat shall not exceed 30 
milliliters per minute.


Sec. 84.205  Facepiece test; minimum requirements.

    (a) The complete chemical cartridge respirator will be fitted to 
the faces of persons having varying facial shapes and sizes.
    (b) Where the applicant specifies a facepiece size or sizes for the 
respirator together with the approximate measurement of faces they are 
designed to fit, the Institute will provide test subjects to suit such 
facial measurements.
    (c) Any chemical cartridge respirator part which must be removed to 
perform the facepiece or mouthpiece fit test shall be replaceable 
without special tools and without disturbing facepiece or mouthpiece 
fit.
    (d) The facepiece or mouthpiece fit test using the positive or 
negative pressure recommended by the applicant and described in his 
instructions will be used before each test.
    (e) (1) Each wearer will enter a chamber containing 100 p.p.m. 
isoamyl acetate vapor for half-mask facepieces, and 1,000 p.p.m. for 
full facepieces, mouthpieces, hoods, and helmets.
    (2) The facepiece or mouthpiece may be adjusted, if necessary, in 
the test chamber before starting the test.
    (3) Each wearer will remain in the chamber for 8 minutes while 
performing the following activities:
    (i) Two minutes, nodding and turning head;
    (ii) Two minutes, calisthenic arm movements;
    (iii) Two minutes, running in place; and
    (iv) Two minutes, pumping with a tire pump into a 28-liter (1 
cubic-foot) container.
    (4) Each wearer shall not detect the odor of isoamyl-acetate vapor 
during the test.


Sec. 84.206  Particulate tests; respirators with filters; minimum 
requirements; general.

    (a) Three respirators with cartridges containing, or having 
attached to them, filters for protection against particulates will be 
tested in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 84.207.
    (b) In addition to the test requirements set forth in paragraph (a) 
of this section, three such respirators will be tested, as appropriate, 
in accordance with the provisions of Secs. 84.180 through 84.186; 
however, the maximum allowable resistance of complete particulate, and 
gas, vapor, or gas and vapor chemical cartridge respirators shall not 
exceed the maximum allowable limits set forth in Sec. 84.203.


Sec. 84.207  Bench tests; gas and vapor tests; minimum requirements; 
general.

    (a) Bench tests will be made on an apparatus that allows the test 
atmosphere at 505 percent relative humidity and room 
temperature, approximately 25  deg.C, to enter the cartridges 
continuously at predetermined concentrations and rates of flow, and 
that has means for determining the test life of the cartridges.
    (b) Where two cartridges are used in parallel on a chemical 
cartridge respirator, the bench test will be performed with the 
cartridges arranged in parallel, and the test requirements will apply 
to the combination rather than to the individual cartridges.
    (c) Three cartridges or pairs of cartridges will be removed from 
containers and tested as received from the applicant.
    (d) Two cartridges or pairs of cartridges will be equilibrated at 
room temperature by passing 25 percent relative humidity air through 
them at the following flow rates (expressed in liters per minute 
(l.p.m.)) for 6 hours: 

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 Airflow
                       Type of cartridge                        rate, l.
                                                                  p.m.  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Air purifying.................................................        25
Powered air purifying with tight-fitting facepiece............       115
Powered air purifying with loose-fitting hood or helmet.......      170 
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (e) Two cartridges or pairs of cartridges will be equilibrated by 
passing 85 percent relative humidity air through them at the flow rates 
stated in paragraph (d) of this section.
    (f) All cartridges will be resealed, kept in an upright position, 
at room temperatures, and tested within 18 hours.
    (g) Cartridges will be tested and shall meet the minimum 
requirements set forth in Table 11 of this subpart.
    Tables to Subpart L of part 84.
    Tables 9 and 10 [Reserved]. 

                                Table 11.--Cartridge Bench Tests and Requirements                               
                                          [42 CFR part 84, subpart L]                                           
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        Test atmosphere                                                         
                                 ----------------------------   Flowrate    Number of   Penetration    Minimum  
   Cartridge      Test condition     Gas or    Concentration    (l.p.m.)      tests     (p.p.m.)\1\    life\2\  
                                     vapor        (p.p.m.)                                            (minutes) 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ammonia........  As received....          NH3          1000            64            3           50           50
Ammonia........  Equilibrated...          NH3          1000            32            4           50           50
Chlorine.......  As received....          Cl2           500            64            3            5           35
Chlorine.......  Equilibrated...          Cl2           500            32            4            5           35
Hydrogen         As received....          HCl           500            64            3            5           50
 chloride.                                                                                                      
Hydrogen         Equilibrated...          HCl           500            32            4            5           50
 chloride.                                                                                                      
Methylamine....  As received....       CH3NH2          1000            64            3           10           25
Methylamine....  Equilibrated...       CH3NH2          1000            32            4           10           25
Organic vapors.  As received....         CCl4          1000            64            3            5           50
Organic vapors.  Equilibrated...         CCl4          1000            32            4            5           50
Sulfur dioxide.  As received....          SO2           500            64            3            5           30
Sulfur dioxide.  Equilibrated...          SO2           500            32            4            5           30
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\Minimum life will be determined at the indicated penetration.                                                
\2\Where a respirator is designed for respiratory protection against more than one type of gas or vapor, as for 
  use in ammonia and in chlorine, the minimum life shall be one-half that shown for each type of gas or vapor.  
  Where a respirator is designed for respiratory protection against more than one gas of a type, as for use in  
  chlorine and sulfur dioxide, the stated minimal life shall apply.                                             

Subpart M--[Reserved]

Subpart N--Special Use Respirators


Sec. 84.250  Vinyl chloride respirators; description.

    Vinyl chloride respirators, including all completely assembled 
respirators which are designed for use as respiratory protection during 
entry into and escape from vinyl chloride atmospheres containing 
adequate oxygen to support life, are described according to their 
construction as follows:
    (a) Front-mounted or back-mounted gas masks;
    (b) Chin-style gas masks;
    (c) Chemical-cartridge respirators;
    (d) Powered air-purifying respirators; and
    (e) Other devices, including combination respirators.


Sec. 84.251  Required components.

    (a) Each vinyl chloride respirator described in Sec. 84.250 shall, 
where its design requires, contain the following component parts:
    (1) Facepiece;
    (2) Canister with end-of-service-life indicator;
    (3) Cartridge with end-of-service-life indicator;
    (4) Harness;
    (5) Attached blower; and
    (6) Breathing tube.
    (b) The components of each vinyl chloride respirator shall meet the 
minimum construction requirements set forth in Subpart G of this part.


Sec. 84.252  Gas masks; requirements and tests.

    (a) Except for the tests prescribed in Sec. 84.126, the minimum 
requirements and performance tests for gas masks, prescribed in Subpart 
I of this part, are applicable to vinyl chloride gas masks.
    (b) The following bench tests are applicable to canisters designed 
for use with gas masks for entry into and escape from vinyl chloride 
atmospheres containing adequate oxygen to support life:
    (1) Four canisters will be equilibrated at 255  deg.C 
by passing 855 percent relative humidity air through them 
at 64 liters per minute for six hours.
    (2) The equilibrated canisters will be resealed, kept in an upright 
position at room temperature, and tested according to paragraph (b)(3) 
of this section within 18 hours.
    (3) The canisters equilibrated and stored as described in 
paragraphs (b) (1) and (2) of this section will be tested on an 
apparatus that allows the test atmosphere at 855 percent 
relative humidity and 255  deg.C to enter the canister 
continuously at a concentration of 25 ppm vinyl chloride monomer at a 
total flow rate of 64 liters per minute.
    (4) The maximum allowable penetration after six hours of testing 
according to paragraph (b)(3) of this section shall not exceed 1 ppm 
vinyl chloride.
    (c) Where canisters are submitted for testing and approval with a 
service life of more than four hours, the period of time for testing 
for vinyl chloride penetration will be performed at 150% of the service 
life specified in the manufacturer's application. Example: If a 
manufacturer requests approval of a respirator for six hours use 
against exposure to vinyl chloride, the maximum allowable penetration 
after nine hours of testing shall not exceed 1 ppm vinyl chloride.


Sec. 84.253  Chemical-cartridge respirators; requirements and tests.

    (a) Except for the tests prescribed in Secs. 84.206 and 84.207, the 
minimum requirements and performance tests for chemical-cartridge 
respirators prescribed in Subpart L of this part are applicable to 
replaceable-cartridge and single-use vinyl chloride chemical-cartridge 
respirators.
    (b) The following bench tests are applicable to cartridges designed 
for use with chemical-cartridge respirators for entry into and escape 
from vinyl chloride atmospheres containing adequate oxygen to support 
life:
    (1) Where two cartridges are used in parallel on a chemical-
cartridge respirator, the bench test requirements will apply to the 
combination rather than the individual cartridges.
    (2) Four cartridges or pairs of cartridges will be equilibrated at 
255  deg.C by passing 855 percent relative 
humidity air through them at 25 liters per minute for six hours.
    (3) The equilibrated cartridges will be resealed, kept in an 
upright position, at room temperature, and tested according to 
paragraphs (b) (4) and (b)(5) of this section for other than single-use 
respirators or according to paragraphs (b)(6) and (b)(7) of this 
section for single-use respirators within 18 hours.
    (4) The cartridges or pairs of cartridges for other than single-use 
respirators, equilibrated and stored as described in paragraphs (b)(1), 
(b)(2), and (b)(3) of this section, will be tested on an apparatus that 
allows the test atmosphere at 85 5 percent relative 
humidity and 255  deg.C, to enter the cartridges or pairs 
of cartridges continuously at a concentration of 10 ppm vinyl chloride 
monomer at a total flowrate of 64 liters per minute.
    (5) The maximum allowable penetration after 90 minutes testing of 
cartridges or pairs of cartridges for other than single-use 
respirators, according to paragraph (b)(4) of this section shall not 
exceed 1 ppm vinyl chloride.
    (6) The single-use respirators, equilibrated and stored as 
described in paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section, will be 
tested on an apparatus that allows a test atmosphere at 855 
percent relative humidity and 255  deg.C to be cycled 
through the respirator by a breathing machine at a concentration of 10 
ppm vinyl chloride monomer at the rate of 24 respirations per minute at 
a minute volume of 400.6 liters. Air exhaled through the 
respirator will be 352  deg.C with 943 percent 
relative humidity.
    (7) The maximum allowable penetration after 144 minutes testing of 
respirators, according to paragraph (b)(6) of this section, shall not 
exceed 1 ppm vinyl chloride.


Sec. 84.254  Powered air-purifying respirators; requirements and tests.

    (a) Except for the tests prescribed in Sec. 84.207, the minimum 
requirements and performance tests for powered air-purifying 
respirators prescribed in subpart L of this part are applicable to 
vinyl chloride powered air-purifying respirators.
    (b) The following bench tests are applicable to cartridges designed 
for use with powered air-purifying respirators for entry into and 
escape from vinyl chloride atmospheres containing adequate oxygen to 
support life.
    (1) Four cartridges will be equilibrated at 25  deg.C 
by passing 855 percent relative humidity air through them 
at 115 liters per minute for tight-fitting facepieces and 170 liters 
per minute for loose-fitting hoods and helmets, for six hours.
    (2) The equilibrated cartridges will be resealed, kept in an 
upright position at room temperature and tested according to paragraph 
(b)(3) of this section within 18 hours.
    (3) The cartridges equilibrated and stored as described in 
paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section will be tested on an 
apparatus that allows the test atmosphere at 855 percent 
relative humidity and 255  deg.C to enter the cartridge 
continuously at a concentration of 25 ppm vinyl chloride monomer at a 
total flow rate of 115 liters per minute for tight-fitting facepieces 
and 170 liters per minute for loose-fitting hoods and helmets.
    (4) The maximum allowable penetration after six hours of testing 
according to paragraph (b)(3) of this section shall not exceed 1 ppm 
vinyl chloride.


Sec. 84.255  Requirements for end-of-service-life indicator.

    (a) Each canister or cartridge submitted for testing and approval 
in accordance with Secs. 84.252, 84.253, and 84.254 shall be equipped 
with a canister or cartridge end-of-service-life indicator which shows 
a satisfactory indicator change or other obvious warning before 1 ppm 
vinyl chloride penetration occurs. The indicator shall show such change 
or afford such warning at 8010 percent of the total service 
life to 1 ppm leakage, as determined by continuing each test described 
in Secs. 84.252(b), 84.253(b), and 84.254(b) until a 1 ppm leakage of 
vinyl chloride occurs.
    (b) The applicant shall provide sufficient pretest data to verify 
the performance of the end-of-service-life indicator required in 
paragraph (a) of this section.


Sec. 84.256  Quality control requirements.

    (a) In addition to the construction and performance requirements 
specified in Secs. 84.251, 84.252, 84.253, 84.254, and 84.255, the 
quality control requirements in paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this 
section apply to approval of gas masks, chemical cartridge respirators, 
and powered air-purifying respirators for entry into and escape from 
vinyl chloride atmospheres containing adequate oxygen to support life.
    (b) The respirators submitted for approval as described in 
paragraph (a) of this section shall be accompanied by a complete 
quality control plan meeting the requirements of subpart E of this 
part.
    (c)(1) The applicant shall specify in the plan that a sufficient 
number of samples will be drawn from each bulk container of sorbent 
material and that where activated carbon is used, the following 
specific tests will be performed:
    (i) Apparent density;
    (ii) Iodine number;
    (iii) Moisture content;
    (iv) Carbon tetrachloride number; and
    (v) Mesh size.
    (2) The tests in paragraph (c)(1) of this section shall be 
performed in a quantity necessary to assure continued satisfactory 
conformance of the canisters and cartridges to the requirements of this 
subpart.
    (d) Final performance quality control tests on the complete 
canisters and cartridges shall be accomplished using the bench tests 
and procedures prescribed in Secs. 84.252, 84.253, 84.254, and 84.255.


Sec. 84.257  Labeling requirements.

    (a) A warning shall be placed on the label of each gas mask, 
chemical-cartridge respirator, and powered air-purifying respirator, 
and on the label of each canister and cartridge, alerting the wearer to 
the need for a fitting test in accordance with the manufacturer's 
facepiece fitting instructions, providing service life information, 
providing specific instructions for disposal, and advising that the 
wearer may communicate to NIOSH any difficulties that may be 
experienced in the design and performance of any gas mask, chemical-
cartridge respirator, or powered air-purifying respirator approved 
under the requirements of this subpart. The service lives of 
respirators meeting the test requirements of this subpart shall be 
specified as follows:

Chemical-cartridge respirator
1 hour.
Gas mask
4 hours.
Powered air-purifying respirator
4 hours.

    (b) Where the service life of a respirator is approved for more 
than four hours, the service life for which the respirator has been 
approved will be specified.


Sec. 84.258  Fees.

    The following fees shall be charged for the examination, 
inspection, and testing of complete assemblies and components of 
respirators described in Secs. 84.250 and 84.251.

Complete gas mask
$1,100
Complete chemical-cartridge respirator
1,150
Complete powered air-purifying respirator
1,500
Canister or cartridge only
750

[FR Doc. 94-11879 Filed 5-19-94; 9:44 am]
BILLING CODE 4160-19-P