[Federal Register Volume 59, Number 55 (Tuesday, March 22, 1994)]
[Unknown Section]
[Page 0]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 94-6417]


[[Page Unknown]]

[Federal Register: March 22, 1994]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Bureau of Export Administration

15 CFR Part 779

[Docket No. 931242-3342]
RIN 9694-AA71

 

Revisions to the Export Administration Regulations; Transfers of 
Technology to Foreign Nationals in the United States

AGENCY: Bureau of Export Administration, Commerce.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Bureau of Export Administration is amending the Export 
Administration Regulations (EAR), to codify the long standing 
interpretation that the release of technical data and source code to a 
foreign national is deemed an export to the foreign national's home 
country. This will clarify the EAR with respect to exports of technical 
data.

EFFECTIVE DATE: This rule is effective March 22, 1994.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Larry Christensen, Office of Chief 
Counsel for Export Administration, Bureau of Export Administration, 
U.S. Department of Commerce, Telephone: (202) 482-5304.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The purpose of the amendments to Sec. 779.1 
(b) and (c) of the Export Administration Regulations (EAR) is to codify 
the longstanding interpretation of the Bureau of Export Administration 
(BXA) that the release of technical data and source code to a foreign 
national is a deemed export to the foreign national's home country or 
countries and to conform the EAR treatment of the release of technical 
data to the prohibitions under the International Traffic in Arms 
Regulations.
    The purpose of the amendment to the introductory paragraph of 
section 779.4 is to clarify that General License GTDR does not extend 
to all technical data that is ineligible for General License GTDA. 
Rather, a validated license is required for the export and reexport of 
technical data (technology and software) unless a general license is 
authorized.

Rulemaking Requirements

    1. This rule was not subject to review by the Office of Management 
and Budget under Executive Order 12866.
    2. This rule involves a collection of information subject to the 
Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.), approved by 
the Office of Management and Budget under control numbers 0694-0005, 
0694-0010, and 0694-0023. This rule will reduce the reporting burden on 
the public.
    3. This rule does not contain policies with Federalism implications 
sufficient to warrant preparation of a Federalism assessment under 
Executive Order 12612.
    4. Because a notice of proposed rulemaking and an opportunity for 
public comment are not required to be given for this rule by section 
553 of the Administrative Procedure Act (5 U.S.C. 553) or by any other 
law, under section 3(a) of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 
603(a) and 604(a)) no initial or final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis 
has to be or will be prepared.
    5. The provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 
553, requiring notice of proposed rulemaking, the opportunity for 
public participation, and a delay in effective date, are inapplicable 
because this regulation involves a foreign and military affairs 
function of the United States. Section 13(b) of the EAA does not 
require that this rule be published in proposed form because this rule 
does not impose a new control. No other law requires that a notice of 
proposed rulemaking and an opportunity for public comment be given for 
this rule.
    Accordingly, it is issued in final form. However, comments from the 
public are always welcome. Comments should be submitted to Patricia 
Muldonian, Office of Technology and Policy Analysis, Bureau of Export 
Administration, Department of Commerce, P.O. Box 273, Washington, DC 
20044.

List of Subjects in 15 CFR Part 779

    Computer technology, Exports, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Science and technology.

    Accordingly, part 779 of the Export Administration Regulations (15 
CFR parts 730-799) is amended as follows:

PART 779--[AMENDED]

    1. The authority citation for 15 CFR part 779 continues to read as 
follows:

    Authority: Pub. L. 90-351, 82 Stat. 197 (18 U.S.C. 2510 et 
seq.), as amended; Pub. L. 95-223, 91 Stat. 1626 (50 U.S.C. 1701 et 
seq.); Pub. L. 95-242, 92 Stat. 120 (22 U.S.C. 3201 et seq. and 42 
U.S.C. 2139a); Pub. L. 96-72, 93 Stat. 503 (50 U.S.C. app. 2401 et 
seq.), as amended (extended by Pub. L. 103-10, 107 Stat. 40); E.O. 
12002 of July 7, 1977 (42 FR 35623, July 7, 1977), as amended; E.O. 
12058 of May 11, 1978 (43 FR 20947, May 16, 1978); E.O. 12214 of May 
2, 1980 (45 FR 29783, May 6, 1980); E.O. 12735 of November 16, 1990 
(55 FR 48587, November 20, 1990), as continued by Notice of November 
11, 1992 (57 FR 53979, November 13, 1992); E.O. 12867 of September 
30, 1993 (58 FR 51743, October 4, 1993); E.O. 12868 of September 30, 
1993 (58 FR 51749, October 4, 1993).
    2. Section 779.1 is amended by adding a colon after the word 
``means'' in paragraph (b)(1) introductory text and revising paragraphs 
(b)(1)(ii) and (c) introductory text to read as follows:


Sec. 779.1  Definitions1.
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    \1\See Sec. 770.2 of this subchapter for definitions of other 
terms used in this part.
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* * * * *
    (b) * * *
    (1) * * *
    (ii) Any release of technology or source code to a foreign 
national, provided however, this deemed export rule does not apply to 
persons lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the United States 
and does not apply to persons who are protected individuals under the 
Immigration and Naturalization Act (8 U.S.C. 1324b (a)(3)). A release 
under this paragraph (b)(1)(ii) is a deemed export to the home country 
or countries of the foreign national. Note that the release of any item 
to any party with knowledge or reason to know a violation is about to 
occur is prohibited by Sec. 787.4 of this subchapter; or
* * * * *
    (c) Reexport of technical data. ``Reexport of technical data'' 
means an actual shipment or transmission from one foreign country to 
another. In addition, any release of technology or source code to a 
foreign national of another country is a deemed export to the home 
country or countries of the foreign national. However, this deemed 
reexport definition does not apply to persons lawfully admitted for 
permanent residence. The term ``release'' is defined by 
Sec. 779.1(b)(2). Note that the release of any item to any party with 
knowledge or reason to know a violation is about to occur is prohibited 
by Sec. 787.4 of this subchapter. Technical data may be released for 
reexport through:
* * * * *
    3. Section 779.4 is amended by revising the introductory text of 
the section to read as follows:


Sec. 779.4  General license GTDR: technical data under restriction.

    A general license designated GTDR is hereby established to permit 
exports, without a validated export license, of certain technical data 
that is not eligible for General License GTDA. Individual technology 
and software entries on the Commerce Control List (CCL) indicate 
eligibility by the symbol GTDR (indicating the requirement of a written 
assurance from the customer before exporting) and GTDU (indicating that 
a written assurance is not required). Even when an entry indicates 
``no'' for both GTDR and GTDU, export under this general license 
without a written assurance (GTDU) may be authorized by paragraph (b) 
of this section or by the General Software and Technology Notes in 
Supplement No. 2 to Sec. 799.1 of this subchapter. Any export of 
technical data that is not authorized by this general license or by 
General License GTDA requires a validated export license.
* * * * *
    Dated: March 15, 1994.
Sue E. Eckert,
Assistant Secretary for Export Administration.
[FR Doc. 94-6417 Filed 3-21-94; 8:45 am]
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