[Federal Register Volume 59, Number 54 (Monday, March 21, 1994)]
[Unknown Section]
[Page 0]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 94-6552]


[[Page Unknown]]

[Federal Register: March 21, 1994]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 721

[OPPTS-50604; FRL-4075-2]
RIN 2070-AC37

 

Refractory Ceramic Fiber; Proposed Significant New Use of a 
Chemical Substance

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: EPA is proposing a significant new use rule (SNUR) under 
section 5(a)(2) of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) which would 
require persons to notify EPA at least 90 days before commencing the 
manufacture, import, or processing of refractory ceramic fiber (RCF) in 
any new product form or any new application of an existing product 
form. The proposed rule lists the existing product forms and ongoing 
applications of existing product forms known to EPA. The required 
notice would provide EPA with the opportunity to evaluate the intended 
use and associated activities, and an opportunity to protect against 
unreasonable risks, if any, from exposure that could result from the 
significant new use. EPA is soliciting comments from the public on any 
ongoing applications of the product forms of RCF which are not among 
the applications listed in this proposed rule.
DATES: Written comments must be received by EPA no later than April 20, 
1994.

ADDRESSES: All comments must be submitted in triplicate to: TSCA 
Document Receipt Office (7407), Office of Pollution Prevention and 
Toxics, Environmental Protection Agency, Rm. E-G99, 401 M St., SW., 
Washington, DC 20460. Comments that contain information claimed as 
confidential must be clearly marked ``confidential business 
information'' (CBI). If CBI is claimed, three additional sanitized 
copies must also be submitted. Nonconfidential versions of comments on 
this proposed rule will be placed in the rulemaking record and will be 
available for public inspection. Comments should include the docket 
control number. The docket control number for the chemical substance in 
this SNUR is OPPTS-50604. Unit VI. of this preamble contains additional 
information on submitting comments containing CBI claims.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Susan B. Hazen, Director, 
Environmental Assistance Division (7408), Office of Pollution 
Prevention and Toxics, Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St., SW., 
Rm. E-543B, Washington, DC 20460, Telephone: (202) 554-1404, TDD: (202) 
554-0551.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This proposed SNUR for refractory ceramic 
fiber (RCF) would require persons to notify EPA at least 90 days before 
commencing the manufacture, import, or processing of RCF in any product 
form not listed, or for any application of existing product forms not 
listed in this proposed rule. The required notice is intended to 
provide EPA with the information needed to evaluate new uses and their 
associated activities, and an opportunity to protect against 
potentially adverse exposure to RCF before it can occur.

I. Authority

    Section 5(a)(2) of TSCA (15 U.S.C. 2605 (a)(2)) authorizes EPA to 
determine that a use of a chemical substance is a ``significant new 
use.'' The Agency must make this determination by rule after 
considering all relevant factors, including those listed in section 
5(a)(2). Section 5(a)(2) factors generally relate to the extent to 
which a use changes the volume of a chemical's production or the type, 
form, magnitude, or duration of exposure to it. Once EPA determines 
that a use of a chemical substance is a significant new use, section 
5(a)(1)(B) of TSCA requires persons to submit a notice to EPA at least 
90 days before they manufacture, import, or process the chemical 
substance for that use.
    Persons subject to this SNUR would comply with the same notice 
requirements and EPA regulatory procedures as submitters of 
premanufacture notices (PMNs) under section 5(a)(1)(A) of TSCA. In 
particular, these requirements include the information submission 
requirements of section 5(b) and (d)(1), the exemptions authorized by 
section 5(h)(1), (2), (3), and (5), and the regulations at 40 CFR part 
720. EPA may take regulatory action under section 5(e), 5(f), 6, or 7 
to control the activities for which it has received a SNUR notice. If 
EPA does not take action, section 5(g) of TSCA requires EPA to explain 
in the Federal Register its reasons for not taking action.
    Persons who intend to export a chemical substance identified in a 
proposed or final SNUR are subject to the export notification 
provisions of TSCA section 12(b). The regulations that interpret 
section 12(b) appear at 40 CFR part 707.

II. Applicability of General Provisions

    General regulatory provisions applicable to SNURs are codified at 
40 CFR part 721, subpart A. In the Federal Register of August 17, 1988 
(53 FR 31252), EPA promulgated a ``User Fee Rule'' (40 CFR part 700) 
under the authority of TSCA section 26(b). Provisions requiring persons 
submitting significant new use notices to submit certain fees to EPA 
are discussed in detail in that Federal Register document. Refer to the 
CFR and the cited Federal Register notice for further information.

III. Summary of This Proposed Rule

    EPA is proposing to designate the manufacture, import, or 
processing of RCF in any product form not listed in this proposed rule, 
or any application of listed product forms not listed in this proposed 
rule, as a significant new use. RCF is defined by the Chemical Abstract 
Service as follows:

    An amorphous man-made fiber produced from the melting and 
``blowing'' or ``spinning'' of calcined kaolin clay or a combination 
of alumina (Al2O3) and silica (SiO2). Oxides such as 
zirconia, ferric oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium 
oxide, and alkalies may also be added. Approximate percentages (by 
weight) of components may vary as follows: Alumina, 20 to 80 
percent; silica, 20 to 80 percent; and other oxides in lesser 
amounts, approximately 1 to 5 percent (CAS number 142844-00-6).

    This proposed rule would require persons who intend to manufacture, 
import, or process RCF, as defined above, to submit a significant new 
use notice to EPA at least 90 days before manufacturing, importing, or 
processing RCF for use in any product form or any application of listed 
product forms not included in the following lists. These lists include 
all existing product forms and applications of RCF known to EPA.
Product forms
    1. Bulk fibers.
    2. Blankets, defined as high temperature insulation that is 
produced from spun RCF and is in the form of a mat or blanket.
    3. Boards, defined as high temperature insulation that is produced 
from bulk fibers and is in the form of compressed rigid board, has a 
higher density than blankets, and is used as core material, or as 
sandwich assemblies.
    4. Ropes and braids, defined as high temperature insulation that is 
produced by textile operations and is used for packing, seals, and 
wicking applications.
    5. Woven textiles, defined as high temperature insulation that is 
in the form of cloth, tape, or sleeve and is produced by textile 
processes.
    6. Papers and felts, defined as flexible high temperature 
insulation that is produced by papermaking processes and is used for 
seals, gaskets, and other automotive and aerospace applications.
    7. Vacuum cast shapes, defined as high temperature insulation that 
is produced by forming specialized shapes on prefabricated molds with 
wet fibers, and then drying them by vacuum and heat, thereby 
transforming the bulk fiber into rigid, shaped, products.
    8. Specialties, defined as forms (i.e. mixes, cements, and caulking 
compounds) that contain wet, inorganic binder and are used as 
protective coating putties, as well as adhesives and heat and fire 
barriers in high temperature applications.
    9. Modules, defined as a packaged functional assembly of blanket 
insulation with hardware for attaching to the surfaces of furnaces, 
kilns, and other high temperature industrial equipment.
Applications
    1. Insulation linings of high temperature industrial furnaces and 
related equipment.
    2. Hot spot repair of industrial furnace linings.
    3. Industrial furnace curtains.
    4. Industrial furnace gaskets and seals.
    5. Insulation of pipes, ducts, and cables associated with high 
temperature industrial furnaces.
    6. Fire protection for industrial process equipment.
    7. Aircraft/aerospace heat shields.
    8. Commercial and consumer appliances consisting of prefabricated 
chimneys, pizza ovens, self-cleaning ovens, and wood-burning stoves.
    9. Automobile applications consisting of brake pads, clutch 
facings, catalytic converters, air bags, shoulder belt controls, and 
passenger compartment heat shields.
    For purposes of the above listed product forms and applications, 
high temperature refers to temperatures up to 3000  deg.F.
    The product forms and applications listed in this proposed rule 
were reported by the Thermal Insulation Manufacturers Association 
(TIMA) in 1991 (Carborundum Company, Premier Refractories and 
Chemicals, Inc., and Thermal Ceramics, Inc., March 7, 1991). The TIMA 
submission did not include those applications which utilize less than 
10 percent of any product form. Also, some miscellaneous applications 
named in the TIMA submission could not be readily categorized for the 
list in this proposal. For these reasons, EPA is soliciting comments 
from the public concerning existing product forms and ongoing 
applications of RCF not listed in this proposed rule. Anyone having 
knowledge of such product forms and applications should notify EPA 
during the comment period for the proposed rule. The notification to 
EPA should include a brief description of the ongoing product form or 
application, identification of the product forms involved, and 
substantiation of the ongoing product forms or application (e.g. 
invoices, shipping records). If no notices of additional ongoing 
applications are received, for the purposes of the final rule, EPA will 
assume the list in proposed Sec. 721.2090 is complete.

IV. Background Information on Refractory Ceramic Fiber

A. Production and Use Data

    RCF is processed by two different methods: The ``spinning'' process 
and the ``blowing'' process. The resultant fiber is vitreous and 
noncrystalline. Fiber diameters vary within the product, ranging from 
approximately 0.06 m (micrometers) to greater than 3 
m. Lengths vary also in the final product and are dependent 
upon the processing used.
    RCFs are used primarily for high temperature industrial insulation 
applications, most frequently as refractory lining in high temperature 
furnaces, heaters, and kilns in industries such as ethylene, steel, 
aluminum, ceramics, and glass production. RCFs are also used in 
automotive applications, aerospace uses, and in certain commercial 
appliances such as self-cleaning ovens, and prefabricated chimneys.
    RCFs are currently produced by six companies in the United States 
at eight locations. The Carborundum Company, Premier Refractories and 
Chemicals, Inc., and Thermal Ceramics Inc., together account for the 
bulk of U.S. production of RCFs. The three other domestic producers are 
A.P. Green Industries, ELTECH Thermal Systems Corporation, and 
Industrial Insulation, Inc. Approximately 80 million pounds of RCFs 
were produced in the United States in 1990. The range of uses of RCF 
has changed significantly over the last 15 to 20 years, with an 
increasing number of industrial and consumer applications. Initially, 
high production costs limited their uses to special high technology 
applications and the aerospace industry. During the late 1960's the 
increasing cost of other insulating refractories and of energy made the 
use of RCF for furnace and kiln linings more economical. At the same 
time, a gradual increase in the process operating temperatures was 
being seen in the chemical processing industry, necessitating the 
development of improved high temperature refractories. As an example, 
ceramic fiber blanket linings have since been successfully utilized at 
temperature up to 3000  deg.F (1650  deg.C).

B. Health Effects

    EPA has classified RCF as a Category B2, probable human carcinogen, 
based on sufficient evidence from animal studies, and in the absence of 
human data. A single-dose chronic inhalation study using kaolin, a 
common type of RCF, showed a high incidence of mesotheliomas in 
hamsters. Several types of RCF, including kaolin RCF, have been shown 
to cause increased incidence of lung tumors and pleural mesotheliomas 
in rats following long-term inhalation exposure or direct application 
of the fibers in the trachea. Administration of RCF by intraperitoneal 
or intrapleural injection also caused increased incidence of peritoneal 
and pleural mesotheliomas in several studies in rats. Results of 
available chronic inhalation studies with RCF also showed the 
development of pleural and lung fibrosis in exposed rats and hamsters 
(IRIS (1992) Integrated Risk Information System. Refractory Ceramic 
Fibers: Carcinogenicity assessment, September 1, 1992. EPA).
    The University of Cincinnati is currently conducting a morbidity 
study of workers to determine if occupational exposure to RCF is 
associated with increased respiratory disease (Lockey, J. et al., 1990 
Refractory Ceramic Fibers: Pulmonary Morbidity Study of Workers. 
September 1985). Preliminary results indicate that RCF exposure is 
associated with increased pleuritic chest pain, decreasing spirometric 
function, and increased prevalence of pleural plaques that are also 
known to be associated with asbestos fiber exposure.

V. Objectives and Rationale for This Proposed Rule

    On November 21, 1991, the Agency concluded that, based on animal 
inhalation data submitted to the Agency under section 8(e) of TSCA, 
RCFs may present an unreasonable risk of cancer to human health. After 
conducting an accelerated review of RCF under section 4(f), EPA 
concluded there was not sufficient data available (particularly on 
exposure to and substitutes for RCF) to determine whether or not RCFs 
present an unreasonable risk. However, there was sufficient basis for 
human health concerns to initiate a regulatory investigation of RCFs to 
determine whether action under TSCA section 6 to control the use of 
RCFs was appropriate. The regulatory investigation of RCFs includes a 
thorough review of a recently completed multiple dose animal inhalation 
study, an update of the findings from an ongoing worker epidemiology 
study, an analysis of substitutes, and development of comprehensive 
exposure data. (EPA and three of the six domestic manufacturers of RCF 
have recently entered a consent agreement which provides for the 
collection of exposure monitoring data from the facilities of the 
participating companies and their customers.)
    To determine what would constitute a significant new use, EPA 
considered all relevant factors, including those listed in TSCA section 
5(a)(2)(A) through (D). Data indicate that RCF may be carcinogenic and 
fibrogenic. Considering the toxicity of RCF, and the fact that EPA 
cannot predict with certainty what new forms or applications of RCF 
might be developed in the future, EPA has serious concerns regarding 
the potential projected volume of manufacturing and processing of RCF; 
the potential methods and manner of manufacturing, processing, 
distribution in commerce, and disposal of RCF; the extent to which a 
new form or application might change the form or type of human exposure 
to RCF; and the extent to which a new form or application might 
increase the magnitude and duration of human exposure to RCF.
    EPA believes that any new product form or application of RCF and 
its related manufacture, import, or processing should be designated as 
a significant new use. EPA consulted with TIMA to ascertain the full 
extent of all existing uses of RCF. The resulting lists of product 
forms and applications of product forms in this proposed rule represent 
all uses of RCF known to EPA. Currently RCF is not subject to any other 
Federal regulation that would provide a mechanism for preventing 
potential exposures before they occur.
    Based on these consideration, EPA wants to achieve the following 
objectives with regard to the significant new use that is designated in 
this proposed rule:
    1. EPA wants to ensure that it would receive notice of any 
company's intent to manufacture, import, or process RCF for the 
significant new use designated in this proposed rule before that 
activity begins.
    2. EPA wants to ensure that it would have an opportunity to review 
and evaluate data submitted in a significant new use notice before the 
notice submitter begins manufacturing, importing, or processing RCF for 
the significant new use designated in this proposed rule.
    3. EPA wants to ensure that it would be able to regulate 
prospective manufacturers, importers, or processors of RCF before a 
significant new use of the substance occurs, provided that the degree 
of potential health and/or environmental risk, or the uncertainty about 
the risks, is sufficient to warrant such regulation.
    If EPA receives a Significant New Use Notice (SNUN) in response to 
this rule after it becomes final, EPA anticipates that a ``product 
stewardship'' program would be critical to its evaluation of the 
proposed significant new use. Based on the information available to EPA 
at this time, EPA believes that a product stewardship program which 
includes monitoring of workplace exposure and identifying means or 
methods for reducing exposure, can represent an important step toward 
reducing the risk of RCF to human health. Therefore, EPA would 
encourage any SNUN submitter to provide information on ways the 
submitter will limit or mitigate exposure to RCF.

VI. Applicability of Proposed Rule to Uses Occurring Before 
Effective Date of the Final Rule

    EPA believes that the intent of section 5(a)(1)(B) is best served 
by designating a use as a significant new use as of the proposal date 
of the SNUR rather than as of the effective date of the final rule. If 
uses begun during the proposal period of a SNUR were considered ongoing 
as of the effective date, it would be difficult for EPA to establish 
SNUR notice requirements, because any person could defeat the SNUR by 
initiating the proposed significant new use before the rule became 
effective; this interpretation of section 5 would make it extremely 
difficult for EPA to establish SNUR notice requirements.
    Persons who begin commercial manufacture, importation, or 
processing of RCF for any new use between publication of the proposal 
and the effective dates of the SNUR may comply with this proposed SNUR 
before it is promulgated. If a person were to meet the conditions of 
advance compliance as codified at Sec. 721.45(h), the person will be 
considered to have met the requirements of the final SNUR for those 
activities. If persons who begin commercial manufacture, import, or 
processing of RCF for a new use between publication of the proposal and 
the effective date of the SNUR do not meet the conditions of advance 
compliance, they must cease that activity before the effective date of 
the rule. To resume their activities, these persons would have to 
comply with all applicable SNUR notice requirements (Sec. 721.25) and 
wait until the notice review period, including all extensions, expires.

VII. Economic Analysis

    EPA has evaluated the potential costs of establishing SNUR 
reporting requirements for RCFs. The costs to EPA of issuing a SNUR 
range from $12,400 to $24,100. This estimated range assumes an 
expenditure of 2.17 to 3.94 in-house worker-months between the time a 
SNUR is proposed and when it is promulgated. Preproposal costs are not 
included in the estimate because these costs are incurred even if the 
Agency ultimately decides not to promulgate the SNUR. Additionally, the 
costs to EPA of enforcement have not been estimated here.
    If a SNUN is submitted, EPA would also incur estimated costs of 
$9,800 to review the SNUN. EPA may also incur costs associated with 
modification of the SNUR if such action is necessary. The uncertainty 
of any such costs is too great to make a reasonable estimate in this 
analysis possible.
    Costs to the industry as a result of this SNUR could occur in two 
ways. First, direct costs would be incurred by persons who intend to 
manufacture, import, or process RCFs for a significant new use. The 
costs incurred would be those involved in submitting a SNUN to the 
Agency, which are estimated to be $2,200 to $10,000 per notice, as well 
as the related costs due to delays in initiating the production and use 
of the chemical. The firm would also be required to pay a $2,500 user 
fee to EPA when submitting its notice. Second, costs associated with 
regulatory follow-up could also be incurred by a submitter. The 
uncertainty of such costs is too great to make a reasonable estimate 
possible in this analysis.
    The Agency's complete economic analysis for this proposed SNUR is 
available in the public record for this proposed rule (OPPTS-50604).

VIII. Comments Containing Confidential Business Information

    Any person who submits comments claimed as CBI must mark the 
comments as ``confidential,'' ``trade secret,'' or other appropriate 
designation. Comments not claimed as confidential at the time of 
submission will be placed in the public file. Any comments marked as 
confidential will be treated in accordance with the procedures in 40 
CFR part 2. Any party submitting comments claimed to be confidential 
must prepare and submit a nonconfidential version of the comments that 
EPA can place in the public file.

IX. Rulemaking Record

    EPA has established a record for this rulemaking (docket control 
number OPPTS-50604). The record includes basic information considered 
by EPA in developing this proposed rule. EPA will accept additional 
materials for inclusion in the record at any time between this proposal 
and designation of the complete record. EPA will identify the complete 
rulemaking record by the date of promulgation.
    A public version of the record, without any CBI, is available in 
the OPPT Nonconfidential Information Center (NCIC), also known as, TSCA 
Public Docket Office, from 8 a.m. to 12 noon and 1 p.m. to 4 p.m., 
Monday through Friday, except legal holidays. NCIC is located in Rm. E-
G102 (East Tower Tunnel), 401 M St., SW., Washington, DC 20460.

X. Regulatory Assessment Requirements

A. Executive Order 12866

    Under Executive Order 12866, EPA must judge whether a rule is 
``significant'' and therefore requires a Regulatory Impact Analysis. 
EPA has determined that this proposed rule would not be a 
``significant'' rule because it would not have an effect on the economy 
of $100 million or more, and it would not have a significant effect on 
competition, costs, or prices. While there is no precise way to 
calculate the total annual cost of compliance with this proposed rule, 
EPA estimates that the reporting cost for submitting a SNUN would be 
approximately $2,200 to $10,000. Notice submitters would also have to 
pay a $2,500 user fee to EPA to partially offset the costs of 
processing the notice. EPA believes that, because of the nature of the 
rule, and the chemical substance involved, there would be few SNUNs 
submitted. Furthermore, while the expense of a notice and the 
uncertainty of possible EPA regulation may discourage certain 
innovation, that impact would be limited because such factors are 
unlikely to discourage an innovation that has high potential value.
    Pursuant to the terms of this Executive Order, it has been 
determined that this rule is not ``significant'' and is therefore not 
subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB).

B. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 605(b)), EPA has 
determined that this proposed rule would not have a significant impact 
on a substantial number of small businesses. EPA has not determined 
whether parties affected by this proposed rule would likely be small 
businesses. However, EPA expects to receive few SNUR notices for the 
chemical substance. Therefore, EPA believes that the number of small 
businesses affected by the rule would not be substantial, even if all 
of the SNUR notice submitters were small firms.

C. Paperwork Reduction Act

    OMB has approved the information collection requirements contained 
in this proposed rule under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction 
Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) and has assigned OMB control number 2070-
0038.
    Public reporting burden for this collection of information is 
estimated to be 118.6 hours per response, and includes time for 
reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and 
maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the 
collection of information.
    Send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of 
this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this 
burden, to Chief, Information Policy Branch, (2131), U.S. Environmental 
Protection Agency, 401 M St., SW., Washington, DC 20460; and to Office 
of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, 
Washington, DC 20530, marked ``Attention: Desk Officer for EPA.'' The 
final rule will respond to any OMB or public comments on the 
information requirements contained in this proposal.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 721

    Environmental protection, Chemicals, Hazardous materials, 
Recordkeeping and reporting requirements, Significant new uses.

    Dated: March 8, 1994.
Victor J. Kimm,
Acting Assistant Administrator for Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic 
Substances.

    Therefore, it is proposed that 40 CFR part 721 be amended as 
follows:

PART 721--[AMENDED]-

    1. The authority citation for part 721 will continue to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2604, 2607, and 2625(c).

    2. By adding new Sec. 721.2090 to subpart E to read as follows:


Sec. 721.2090  Refractory ceramic fiber.

    (a) Chemical substance and significant new use subject to 
reporting. (1) The chemical substance, refractory ceramic fiber (RCF), 
CAS No. 142844-00-6, is subject to reporting under this section for the 
significant new use described in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. RCF 
is defined as an amorphous man-made fiber produced from the melting and 
blowing or spinning of calcined kaolin clay or a combination of alumina 
(Al2O3) and silica (SiO2). Oxides such as zirconia, 
ferric oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, and 
alkalies may be added. The percentage (by weight) of components is as 
follows: Alumina, 20 to 80 percent; silica, 20 to 80 percent; and other 
oxides in lesser amounts.
    (2) The significant new use is: Use in any product form not listed 
in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section, or any application of the 
listed product forms not included in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this 
section.
    (i) Product forms: Bulk fibers; blankets, ``defined as high 
temperature insulation that is produced from spun RCF and is in the 
form of a mat or blanket''; boards, ``defined as high temperature 
insulation that is produced from bulk fibers and is in the form of 
compressed rigid board, has a higher density than blankets, and is used 
as core material or as sandwich assemblies''; ropes and braids, 
``defined as high temperature insulation that is produced by textile 
operations and is used for packing, seals, and wicking applications''; 
woven textiles, ``defined as high temperature insulation that is in the 
form of cloth, tape, or sleeve and is produced by textile processes''; 
papers and felts, ``defined as flexible high temperature insulation 
that is produced by papermaking processes and is used for seals, 
gaskets, and other automotive and aerospace applications''; vacuum cast 
shapes, ``defined as high temperature insulation that is produced by 
forming specialized shapes on prefabricated molds with wet fibers, and 
then drying them by vacuum and heat, thereby transforming bulk fiber 
into rigid, shaped products''; specialties, ``defined as forms (i.e. 
mixes, cements, and caulking compounds) that contain wet, inorganic 
binder and are used as protective coating putties, as well as adhesives 
and heat and fire barriers in high temperature applications''; and 
modules, ``defined as a packaged functional assembly of blanket 
insulation with hardware for attaching to the surfaces of furnaces and 
kilns.
    (ii) Applications: Insulation linings of high temperature 
industrial furnaces and related equipment; hot spot repair of 
industrial furnace linings; industrial furnace curtains; industrial 
furnace gaskets and seals; insulation of pipes, ducts, and cables 
associated with high temperature industrial furnaces; fire protection 
for industrial process equipment; aircraft/aerospace heat shields; 
commercial and consumer appliances consisting of prefabricated 
chimneys, pizza ovens, self-cleaning ovens, and wood-burning stoves; 
and automobile applications consisting of brake pads, clutch facings, 
catalytic converters, air bags, shoulder belt control, and passenger 
compartment heat shields.
    (b) [Reserved]
[FR Doc. 94-6552 Filed 3-18-94; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-F