[Federal Register Volume 59, Number 11 (Tuesday, January 18, 1994)] [Unknown Section] [Page 0] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 94-1038] [[Page Unknown]] [Federal Register: January 18, 1994] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Antitrust Division United States v. Baroid Corp., Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc., DB Stratabit (USA) Inc., and Dresser Industries, Inc.; Proposed Final Judgment and Competitive Impact Statement Notice is hereby given pursuant to the Antitrust Procedures and Penalties Act, 15 U.S.C. 16 (b)-(h), that a proposed Final Judgment and Competitive Impact Statement have been filed with the United States District Court for the District of Columbia in United States of America v. Baroid Corporation; Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc.; DB Stratabit (USA) Inc.; and Dresser Industries Inc. The Complaint of the United States in this case alleges that the merger of Dresser Industries, Inc. (``Dresser'') and Baroid Corporation (``Baroid'') may substantially lessen competition in the United States in the manufacture and sale of drilling fluids and in the manufacture and sale of diamond drill bits in violation of section 7 of the Clayton Act. Both products are used to drill oil and gas wells. Drilling fluids, a mixture of natural and synthetic chemical compounds, are used at petrocarbon drilling sites to improve the function of the drill bit and other drilling tools in the well, including cooling and lubricating the drill bit and controlling downhole pressures. Diamond drill bits cut through rock and other formations during drilling operations. Dresser, through its 64% partnership interest in M-I Drilling Fluids Co., and Baroid, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc., are two of the three major U.S. producers of drilling fluids. In addition, Dresser's Security Division and Baroid's wholly-owned subsidiary, DB Stratabit (USA) Inc., manufacture diamond drill bits for sale in the United States. They are two of the five major competitors in the U.S. diamond drill bit market. The proposed Final Judgment requires defendants to divest all of their direct and indirect ownership and control of either Dresser's or Baroid's drilling fluid business by June 1, 1994. In addition, Defendants must, by July 1, 1994, divest Baroid's diamond bit business, which includes a manufacturing facility, certain equipment, a nonexclusive license of patents and other intellectual property to manufacture and sell steel-bodied diamond drill bits worldwide, except in the People's Republic of China, and a nonexclusive license to manufacture and sell matrix diamond bits in the United States. If defendants do not complete the respective divestitures by the allotted time, a trustee or trustees will be appointed to conduct either or both of the divestitures. Public comment on the proposed Final Judgment is invited within the statutory 60-day comment period. Such comments, and responses thereto, will be published in the Federal Register and filed with the Court. Comments should be directed to Roger W. Fones, Chief, Transportation, Energy, and Agriculture Section, Antitrust Division, room 9104, Judiciary Center Building, 555 4th Street NW., Washington, DC 20001 (202-307-6351). Joseph H. Widmar, Director of Operations, Antitrust Division. Stipulation Judge Sporkin In the matter of United States of America, Plaintiff; v. Baroid Corp., Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc., DB Stratabit (USA) Inc., and Dresser Industries, Inc., Defendants. [Civil Action No. 93-2621; Filed: December 23, 1993.] It is stipulated by and between the undersigned parties, by their respective attorneys, that: 1. The Court has jurisdiction over the subject matter of this action and over each of the parties thereto, and venue of this action is proper in the District of Columbia; 2. The parties consent that a Final Judgment in the form hereto attached may be filed and entered by the Court, upon motion of any party or upon the Court's own motion, at any time after compliance with the requirements of the Antitrust Procedures and Penalties Act (15 U.S.C. 16), and without further notice to any party or other proceedings, provided that plaintiff has not withdrawn consent, which it may do at any time before the entry of the proposed Final Judgment by serving notice thereof on Defendants and by filing that notice with the Court; 3. The parties shall abide by and comply with the provisions of the Final Judgment pending its entry, and shall, from the date of the filing of this Stipulation, comply with all the terms and provisions thereof as though the same were in full force and effect as an order of the Court; 4. In the event Plaintiff withdraws its consent or if the proposed Final Judgment is not entered pursuant to this Stipulation, this Stipulation shall be of no effect whatever, and the making of this Stipulation shall be without prejudice to any party in this or any other proceeding. Dated: December 23, 1993. For Plaintiff United States of America: Anne K. Bingaman, Assistant Attorney General. Constance K. Robinson, Deputy Director of Operations. Roger W. Fones, Chief, Transportation, Energy & Agriculture Section, U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division Angela L. Hughes, Denise L. Diaz, Theodore R. Bolema, Attorneys, U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, room 9104, 555 4th Street, NW., Washington, DC 20001, 202/307-6410. For Defendant Dresser Industries, Inc.: Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer, & Feld, L.L.P. Paul B. Hewitt, A Member of the Firm. 1333 New Hampshire Avenue, NW., Suite 100, Washington, DC 20036, (202) 887-4000. For Defendants Baroid Corporation, D8 Stratabit (USA) Inc., and Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc.: Kirkland & Ellis. Tefft W. Smith, A Member of the Firm. 200 E. Randolph Dr., Chicago, Illinois 60601, (312) 861-2000. Stipulation Approved for Filing. Done this ________ day of ________, 199____. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- United States District Judge. Final Judgment [Civil Action No. 93-2621; Filed: December 23, 1993] Judge Sporkin In the matter of United States of America, Plaintiff; v. Baroid Corp., Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc., DB Stratabit (USA) Inc., and Dresser Industries, Inc., Defendants. Whereas, plaintiff, United States of America, having filed its Complaint herein on December 23, 1993, and plaintiff and defendants, by their respective attorneys, having consented to the entry of this Final Judgment without trial or adjudication of any issue of act or law herein and without this Final Judgment constituting any evidence against or an admission by any party with respect to any such issue; And Whereas, defendants have agreed to be bound by the provisions of this Final Judgment pending its approval by the Court; And Whereas, prompt and certain divestiture is the essence of this agreement, and defendants have represented to plaintiff that the divestiture required below can and will be made and that defendants will later raise no claims of hardship or difficulty as grounds for asking the Court to modify any of the divestiture provisions contained below; Now, Therefore, before the taking of any testimony and without trial or adjudication of any issue of fact or law herein, and upon consent of the parties hereto, it is hereby Ordered, Adjudged and Decreed as follows: I Jurisdiction The Court has jurisdiction over the subject matter of this action and over each of the parties hereto. The Complaint states a claim upon which relief may be granted against defendants under section 7 of the Clayton Act, as amended (15 U.S.C. 18). II Definitions As used in this Final Judgment: A. ``Baroid'' means defendant Baroid Corporation; each division, subsidiary, or affiliate thereof, excluding Dresser, and each officer, director, employee, attorney, agent, or other person acting for or on behalf of any of them. B. ``Baroid Drilling'' means defendant Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc., which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Baroid; each division, subsidiary, or affiliate thereof, excluding Dresser, and each officer, director, employee, attorney, agent or other person acting for or on behalf of any of them. C. ``DBS'' means defendant DB Stratabit (USA) Inc., which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Baroid; each division, subsidiary, or affiliate thereof, excluding Dresser, and each officer, director, employee, attorney, agent or other person acting for or on behalf of any of them. D. ``Dresser'' means defendant Dresser Industries, Inc.; each division, subsidiary, or affiliate thereof, excluding Baroid, and each officer, director, employee, attorney, agent, or other person acting for or on behalf of any of them. E. ``Baroid's Diamond Bit Business'' means all assets owned or controlled by Baroid, including all assets owned or controlled by DBS, that are or have been used in the United States to research, develop, test, manufacture, service, or market its diamond drill bits. Baroid's diamond bit business includes all real property, material, equipment, supplies, customer lists, contracts and accounts relating to the manufacture and sale of diamond drill bits in the United States. Baroid's diamond bit business includes a nonexclusive license to manufacture and sell matrix diamond bits in the United States and a nonexclusive license to manufacture and sell steel-bodied diamond bits anywhere in the world, except The People's Republic of China, using all intellectual property, including all patents, copyrights, copyright registrations and applications, trademarks, trademark registrations and applications, trade names or commercial names, know-how, computer software programs, and all other tangible and intangible assets, rights, and other benefits, presently owned, licensed, possessed, or used by Baroid in the research, development, testing, manufacture, servicing, or marketing of matrix or steel-bodied diamond bits. Research and development of diamond drill bits includes, but is not limited to, engineering support relating to the analysis and testing of a diamond drill bit's design, application, and components in order to enhance the bit's performance or to create a new diamond bit. The nonexclusive licenses granted herein need not be transferable (either by assignment or sublicense), except in connection with the sale of all or substantially all of Baroid's diamond bit business. Baroid's diamond bit business also includes all data from research and development projects relating to matrix and/or steel-bodied drill bits undertaken by Baroid at any time up to and including the date of the divestiture required by section V of this Final Judgment, including the research and development projects currently being conducted by Baroid that relate to new Thermally Stable Polycrystalline diamond bits, new impregnated bits, anti-balling features, air drilling, Polycrystalline Diamond Compact Bit research, surface set bit, LX bits, and BiCenter bits. Baroid's diamond bit business does not include data from the bit dynamics research project Baroid is conducting in conjunction with Royal Dutch Shell. Baroid's diamond bit business also includes equipment owned or controlled by Baroid that has been used in the United States to research, develop, and test Baroid's diamond drill bits and materials for those bits. This equipment includes, but is not limited to, each of the following items or the functional equivalent thereof: CAD/CAM System Software; Stereoscope; Optical Microscope; Light Microscope; DEC Station 3100; Stereo Microscope; Rockwell Hardness Testing equipment; and Surface Grinder. In addition, included in Baroid's diamond bit business is the right for two years to have access to, at defendants' variable cost, the following equipment located in Belgium: Coordinate Measurement Machine; Finite Elements Package; Atmospheric Drilling Machine; Single Cutter Tester; Flow Visualization Loop with High Speed Carriers; Lab Furnace under Controlled Atmosphere; and High Speed Data Acquisition System. The defendants shall pay the cost of shipping up to three diamond drill bits per calendar quarter to Belgium. Also included in Baroid's diamond bit business is a hard copy and copy of all computer tapes or discs containing any data in the possession of Baroid at any time up to and including the date of the divestiture required by section V of this Final Judgment, such as bit records or off-set well information, which record the performance anywhere in the world of any matrix or steel- bodied diamond bits manufactured or sold by Baroid or any other producer of diamond drill bits. Baroid's diamond bit business includes its diamond drill bit manufacturing facilities in Houston, Texas, and all equipment, supplies, data, documents and inventories (other than Baroid's inventory of diamonds and diamond drill bits held for sale) contained therein, as well as equipment owned or controlled by Baroid on September 7, 1993 that has been used in the United States by Baroid to manufacture matrix diamond bits. The equipment in the Houston facility includes, but is not limited to, the following: LS Bonding Units, Kuraki CNC Mills, Okuma CNC Lathe, Yuasa Lathe, Axelson Lathe, Timemaster Lathe, and Bryant Grinder. The equipment formerly used by Baroid to manufacture matrix diamond bits includes, but is not limited to, the following: Norton Lathe, 18'' Kohema Lathe, 20'' Kohema Lathe, Yuasa Lathe, Allain Mill, Bridgeport Mill, Vanier Mill, Cincinnati Mill with 90 degree Volstrohead, Blast-It-All Sandblaster, Kelco Sandlblaster, Positioner (welding), Southbend Oven, Lochhead Haggerty Furnace and Control Panel, Sunbean Furnace and Control Panel, Powermatic Band Saw, Two 360 degree Layout Chucks, Two Surface Tables, Matrix Powder Mixer, Micrometers, Height Gauges, Scales, and various measuring equipment and welding equipment. Baroid's diamond bit business shall not include any rights, including trademarks and service marks, associated with the use of the trade names or commercial names of Stratabit, DB Stratabit Inc., DBS, Diamond Boart, or any derivative thereof; provided, however, that in the marketing of its diamond drill bits the purchaser of Baroid's diamond bit business will possess the right for two years following the date of divestiture to identify its diamond drill bits as being manufactured pursuant to a license from DBS. F. ``Diamond drill bits'' means natural diamond drill bits and polycrystalline diamond compact drill bits. Diamond drill bits do not include coring bits. G. ``Drilling fluid'' means a mixture of natural and synthetic chemical compounds used at petrocarbon drilling sites to cool and lubricate the drill bit, clean the hole bottom, carry cuttings to the surface, seal porous well formations, control downhole pressures, and improve the function of the drilling string and tools in the hole. H. ``Drilling fluid business'' means either one of the following: (1) Dresser's interest in M-I Drilling Fluids Co.; or (2) all assets of Baroid Drilling and any other assets that Baroid owns or has an interest in that are used to research, develop, test, produce, manufacture, service, or market, domestically or internationally, drilling fluids, including, but not limited to, all barite, bentonite, and other mineral mines; chemical plants; mineral grinding and processing plants; other real property; material; equipment; supplies; customer lists; contracts and accounts; patents; copyrights; copyright registrations and applications; trademarks; trademark registrations and applications; trade names or commercial names; know-how; computer software programs; and all other tangible and intangible assets, rights, and other benefits, presently owned, licensed, possessed, or used by Baroid in the research, development, testing, production, manufacture, servicing or marketing of drilling fluids. I. ``Matrix diamond bits'' means diamond drill bits comprised of a body made of a tungsten carbide matrix and cutters brazed onto the bit body or cast into or around the cutting element of the matrix material. J. ``Steel-bodied diamond bits'' means diamond drill bits comprised of a body made of steel and cutters attached to the bit body by an interference fit or a braze process. K. ``Person'' means any natural person, corporation, association, firm, partnership, or other business or legal entity. III Applicability A. The provisions of this Final Judgment shall apply to the defendants, to their successors and assigns, to their subsidiaries, affiliates, directors, officers, managers, agents, and employees, and to all other persons in active concert or participation with any of them who shall have received actual notice of this Final Judgment by personal service or otherwise. B. Defendants shall require, as a condition of the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of their assets or stock, or of the assets required to be divested herein, that the acquiring party agree to be bound by the provisions of this Final Judgment. C. Nothing herein shall suggest that any portion of this Final Judgment is or has been created for the benefit of any third party, and nothing herein shall be construed to provide any rights to any third party. IV Divestiture of Drilling Fluid Business A. Defendants are hereby ordered and directed to divest all of their direct and indirect ownership and control of the drilling fluid business to a purchaser prior to June 1, 1994. B. If defendants have not accomplished the required divestiture prior to June 1, 1994, plaintiff may, in its sole discretion, extend this time period for an additional period of time not to exceed one month. C. Defendants agree to take all reasonable steps to accomplish quickly said divestiture. In carrying out their obligation to divest the drilling fluid business, defendants may divest these operations alone, or may divest along with these operations any other assets of Baroid or Dresser. D. In accomplishing the divestiture ordered by this Final Judgment, the defendants promptly shall make known in the United States and in other major countries, by usual and customary means, the availability of the drilling fluid business, for sale as an ongoing business. The defendants shall notify any person making an inquiry regarding the possible purchase of this operation that the sale is being made pursuant to this Final Judgment and provide such person with a copy of the Final Judgment. The defendants shall also offer to furnish to all bona fide prospective purchasers of the drilling fluid business, subject to customary confidentiality assurances, all pertinent information regarding the drilling fluid business, except information subject to attorney-client privilege or attorney work product privilege. Defendants shall make available such information to the plaintiff at the same time that such information is made available to any other person. Defendants shall permit prospective purchasers of the drilling fluid business to have access to personnel at the drilling fluid business and to make such inspection of physical facilities and any and all financial, operational, or other documents and information as may be relevant to the sale of the drilling fluid business. Defendants shall not be required to permit prospective purchasers to have access to any documents or information relevant to the drilling fluid business, except to the extent included in the drilling fluid business. E. Divestiture required by section IV of the Final Judgment shall be accomplished in such a way as to satisfy plaintiff, in its sole discretion, that the drilling fluid business can and will be operated by the purchaser as a viable, ongoing business engaged in the manufacture and sale of drilling fluids in the United States. Divestiture shall be made to a purchaser for whom it is demonstrated to plaintiff's satisfaction that (1) the purchase is for the purpose of competing effectively in the manufacture and sale of drilling fluids in the United States, and (2) the purchaser has the managerial, operational, and financial capability to compete effectively in the manufacture and sale of drilling fluids in the United States. F. The defendants shall not sell the drilling fluid business to Baker Hughes, Inc., Schlumberger Ltd., or Anchor Drilling Fluids, or any of their affiliates of subsidiaries during the life of this decree. The purchaser of the divested drilling fluid business shall not sell the drilling fluid business to, or combine that business with the drilling fluid operations of, Dresser Industries, Inc., Baker Hughes, Inc., Schlumberger Ltd., or Anchor Drilling Fluids, or any of their affiliates or subsidiaries during the life of this decree. G. Except to the extent otherwise approved by plaintiff, any assets of the drilling fluid business divested pursuant to this Final Judgment shall be divested free and clear of all mortgages, encumbrances and liens to Baroid or Dresser. V Divestiture of Baroid's Diamond Bit Business A. Defendants are hereby ordered and directed to divest to a purchaser prior to July 1, 1994 all of their direct and indirect ownership and control of Baroid's diamond bit business. The obligation to divest shall be satisfied if, by July 1, 1994, defendants enter into a binding contract for sale of Baroid's diamond bit business to a purchaser according to terms approved by plaintiff that is contingent only upon compliance with the terms of this Final Judgment and that specifies a prompt and reasonable closing date no later than September 1, 1994, and if sale is completed pursuant to the contract. B. If defendants have not accomplished the required divestiture prior to July 1, 1994, plaintiff may, in its sole discretion, extend this time period for an additional period of time not to exceed three months, if defendants request such an extension and demonstrate to plaintiff's satisfaction that they are then engaged in negotiations with a prospective purchaser that are likely to result in the required divestiture but that the divestiture cannot be completed prior to July 1, 1994. C. Defendants agree to take all reasonable steps to accomplish quickly said divestiture. In carrying out their obligation to divest Baroid's diamond bit business, defendants may divest these operations alone, or may divest along with these operations any other assets of Baroid or Dresser. D. In accomplishing the divestiture ordered by this Final Judgment, the defendants promptly shall make known in the United States and in other major countries, by usual and customary means, the availability of Baroid's diamond bit business, for sale as an ongoing business. The defendants shall notify any person making an inquiry regarding the possible purchase of this operation that the sale is being made pursuant to this Final Judgment and provide such person with a copy of the Final Judgment. The defendants shall also offer to furnish to all bona fide prospective purchasers of Baroid's diamond bit business, subject to customary confidentiality assurances, all pertinent information regarding Baroid's diamond bit business, except information subject to attorney-client privilege or attorney work product privilege. Defendants shall make available such information to the plaintiff at the same time that such information is made available to any other person. Defendants shall permit prospective purchasers of Baroid's diamond bit business to have access to personnel at Baroid's diamond bit business and to make such inspection of physical facilities and any and all financial, operational, or other documents and information as may be relevant to the sale of Baroid's diamond bit business. Defendants shall not be required to permit prospective purchasers to have access to any documents or information relevant to Dresser's diamond bit business, except to the extent included in Baroid's diamond bit business. E. Divestiture required by section V of the Final Judgment shall be accomplished in such a way as to satisfy plaintiff, in its sole discretion, that Baroid's diamond bit business can and will be operated by the purchaser as a viable, ongoing business engaged in the manufacture and sale of diamond drill bits in the United States. Divestiture shall be made to a purchaser for whom it is demonstrated to plaintiff's satisfaction that (1) the purchase is for the purpose of competing effectively in the manufacture and sale of diamond drill bits in the United States, including the ability to conduct research, development, and testing of diamond bits, and (2) the purchaser has the managerial, operational, and financial capability to compete effectively in the manufacture and sale of diamond drill bits in the United States. F. The defendants shall not sell Baroid's diamond bit business to Baker Hughes, Inc., Camco International, Inc., Smith International, Inc., or any of their affiliates or subsidiaries during the life of this decree. The purchaser of Baroid's diamond bit business shall not sell that business to, or combine that business with the diamond drill bit operations of, Dresser Industries, Inc., Baker Hughes, Inc., Camco, Inc., Smith International, Inc., or any of their affiliates or subsidiaries during the life of this decree. G. Except to the extent otherwise approved by plaintiff, Baroid's diamond bit business divested pursuant to this Final Judgment shall be divested free and clear of all mortgages, encumbrances and liens to Baroid or Dresser. VI Appointment of Trustee For the Drilling Fluid Business A. If defendants have not accomplished the divestiture required by section IV of the Final Judgment by April 29, 1994, defendants shall notify plaintiff of that fact. Within ten (10) days of that date, or twenty (20) days prior to the expiration of any extension granted pursuant to Section IV(B), whichever is later, plaintiff shall provide defendants with written notice of the names and qualifications of not more than two (2) nominees for the position of trustee for the required divestiture. Defendants shall notify plaintiff within ten (10) days thereafter whether either or both of such nominees are acceptable. If either or both of such nominees are acceptable to defendants, plaintiff shall notify the Court of the person upon whom the parties have agreed and the Court shall appoint that person as the trustee. If neither of such nominees is acceptable to defendants, they shall furnish to plaintiff, within ten (10) days after plaintiff provides the names of its nominees, written notice of the names and qualifications of not more than two (2) nominees for the position of trustee for the required divestiture. If either or both of such nominees are acceptable to plaintiff, plaintiff shall notify the Court of the person upon whom the parties have agreed and the Court shall appoint that person as the trustee. If neither of such nominees is acceptable to plaintiff, it shall furnish the Court the names and qualifications of its proposed nominees and the names and qualifications of the nominees proposed by defendants. The Court may hear the parties as to the qualifications of the nominees and shall appoint one of the nominees as the trustee. B. If defendants have not accomplished the divestiture required by section IV of this Final Judgment at the expiration of the time period specified in section IV(A) and IV(B) of this Final Judgment, as applicable, the appointment by the Court of the trustee shall become effective. The trustee shall then take steps to effect divestiture of the drilling fluid business. C. After the trustee's appointment has become effective, only the trustee shall have the right to sell the drilling fluid business. The trustee shall have the power and authority to accomplish the divestiture to a purchaser acceptable to plaintiff at such price and on such terms as are then obtainable upon a reasonable effort by the trustee, subject to the provisions of section VIII of this Final Judgment, and shall have such other powers as this Court shall deem appropriate. Defendants shall not object to a sale of the drilling fluids business by the trustee on any grounds other than the trustee's malfeasance. Any such objection by defendants must be conveyed in writing to plaintiff and the trustee within fifteen (15) days after the trustee has notified defendants of the proposed sale in accordance with section VIII of this Final Judgment. D. The trustee shall serve at the cost and expense of defendants, shall receive compensation based on a fee arrangement providing an incentive based on the price and terms of the divestiture and the speed with which it is accomplished, and shall serve on such other terms and conditions as the Court may prescribe; provided, however, that the trustee shall receive no compensation, no incur any costs or expenses, prior to the effective date of his or her appointment. The trustee shall account for all monies derived from a sale of the drilling fluid business and all costs and expenses incurred in connection therewith. After approval by the Court of the trustee's accounting, including fees for its services, all remaining monies shall be paid to defendants and the trust shall then be terminated. E. Defendants shall take no action to interfere with or impede the trustee's accomplishment of the divestiture of the drilling fluid business and shall use their best efforts to assist the trustee in accomplishing the required divestiture. The trustee shall have full and complete access to the personnel, books, records, and facilities of the drilling fluid business, and defendants shall develop such financial or other information relevant to the drilling fluid business. F. After its appointment becomes effective, the trustee shall file monthly reports with the parties and the Court setting forth the trustee's efforts to accomplish divestiture of the drilling fluid business as contemplated under this Final Judgment; provided, however, that to the extent such reports contain information that the trustee deems confidential, such reports shall not be filed in the public docket of the Court. Such reports shall include the name, address, and telephone number of each person who, during the preceding thirty (30) days, made an offer to acquire, expressed an interest in acquiring, entered into negotiations to acquire, or was contacted or made an inquiry about acquiring, any ownership interest in the drilling fluid business, and shall describe in detail each contact with any such person during that period. The trustee shall maintain full records of all efforts made to divest these operations. G. Within six months after its appointment has become effective, if the trustee has not accomplished the divestiture required by section VI of this Final Judgment, the trustee shall promptly file with the Court a report setting forth (1) the trustee's efforts to accomplish the required divestiture, (2) the reasons, in the trustee's judgment, why the required divestiture has not been accomplished, and (3) the trustee's recommendations; provided, however, that to the extent such reports contain information that the trustee deems confidential, such reports shall not be filed in the public docket of the Court. The trustee shall at the same time furnish such report to the parties, who shall each have the right to be heard and to make additional recommendations consistent with the purpose of the trust. The Court shall thereafter enter such orders as it shall deem appropriate in order to carry out the purpose of the trust, which shall, if necessary, include extending the trust and the term of the trustee's appointment. VII Appointment of Trustee for Baroid's Diamond Bit Business A. If defendants have not accomplished the divestiture required by section V of the Final Judgment by May 30, 1994, defendants shall notify plaintiff of that fact. Within ten (10) days of that date, or twenty (20) days prior to the expiration of any extension granted pursuant to section V(B), whichever is later, plaintiff shall provide defendants with written notice of the names and qualifications of not more than two (2) nominees for the position of trustee for the required divestiture. Defendants shall notify plaintiff within ten (10) days thereafter whether either or both of such nominees are acceptable. If either or both of such nominees are acceptable to defendants, plaintiff shall notify the Court of the person upon whom the parties have agreed and the Court shall appoint that person as the trustee. If neither of such nominees is acceptable to defendants, they shall furnish to plaintiff, within ten (10) days after plaintiff provides the names of its nominees, written notice of the names and qualifications of not more than two (2) nominees for the position of trustee for the required divestiture. If either or both of such nominees are acceptable to plaintiff, plaintiff shall notify the Court of the person upon whom the parties have agreed and the Court shall appoint that person as the trustee. If neither of such nominees is acceptable to plaintiff, it shall furnish the Court the names and qualifications of its proposed nominees and the names and qualifications of the nominees proposed by defendants. The Court may hear the parties as to the qualifications of the nominees and shall appoint one of the nominees as the trustee. B. If defendants have not accomplished the divestiture required by section V of this Final Judgment at the expiration of the time period specified in section V(A) and V(B) of this Final Judgment, as applicable, the appointment by the Court of the trustee shall become effective. The trustee shall then take steps to effect divestiture of Baroid's diamond bit business; provided, however, that the appointment of the trustee shall not become effective if, prior to expiration of the applicable time period, defendants have notified plaintiff pursuant to section VIII of this Final Judgment of a proposed divestiture of Baroid's diamond bit business and plaintiff has not filed a written notice that it objects to said proposed divestiture. When the appointment of the trustee becomes effective, Baroid's diamond bit business will include a nonexclusive license to manufacture and sell steel-bodied bits anywhere in the world, including The People's Republic of China. C. After the trustee's appointment has become effective, only the trustee shall have the right to sell Baroid's diamond bit business. The trustee shall have the power and authority to accomplish the divestiture to a purchaser acceptable to plaintiff at such price and on such terms as are then obtainable upon a reasonable effort by the trustee, subject to the provisions of section VIII of this Final Judgment, and shall have such other powers as this Court shall deem appropriate. Defendants shall not object to a sale of Baroid's diamond bit business by the trustee on any grounds other than the trustee's malfeasance. Any such objection by defendants must be conveyed in writing to plaintiff and the trustee within fifteen (15) days after the trustee has notified defendants of the proposed sale in accordance with section VIII of this Final Judgment. D. The trustee shall serve at the cost and expense of defendants, shall receive compensation based on a fee arrangement providing an incentive based on the price and terms of the divestiture and the speed with which it is accomplished, and shall serve on such other terms and conditions as the Court may prescribe; provided, however, that the trustee shall receive no compensation, nor incur any costs or expenses, prior to the effective date of his or her appointment. The trustee shall account for all monies derived from a sale of Baroid's diamond bit business and all costs and expenses incurred in connection therewith. After approval by the Court of the trustee's accounting, including fees for its services, all remaining monies shall be paid to defendants and the trust shall then be terminated. E. Defendants shall take no action to interfere with or impede the trustee's accomplishment of the divestiture and shall use their best efforts to assist the trustee in accomplishing the required divestiture. The trustee shall have full and complete access to the personnel, books, records, and facilities of Baroid's diamond bit business, and defendants shall develop such financial or other information relevant to Baroid's diamond bit business. F. After its appointment becomes effective, the trustee shall file monthly reports with the parties and the Court setting forth the trustee's efforts to accomplish divestiture of Baroid's diamond bit business as contemplated under this Final Judgment; provided, however, that to the extent such reports contain information that the trustee deems confidential, such reports shall not be filed in the public docket of the Court. Such reports shall include the name, address, and telephone number of each person who, during the preceding thirty (30) days, made an offer to acquire, expressed an interest in acquiring, entered into negotiations to acquire, or was contacted or made an inquiry about acquiring, any ownership interest in Baroid's diamond bit business, and shall describe in detail each contact with any such person during that period. The trustee shall maintain full records of all efforts made to divest these operations. G. Within six months after its appointment has become effective, if the trustee has not accomplished the divestiture required by Section VII of this Final Judgment, the trustee shall promptly file with the Court a report setting forth (1) the trustee's efforts to accomplish the required divestiture, (2) the reasons, in the trustee's judgment, why any required divestiture have not been accomplished, and (3) the trustee's recommendations; provided, however, that to the extent such reports contain information that the trustee deems confidential, such reports shall not be filed in the public docket of the Court. The trustee shall at the same time furnish such report to the parties, who shall each have the right to be heard and to make additional recommendations consistent with the purpose of the trust. The Court shall thereafter enter such orders as it shall deem appropriate in order to carry out the purpose of the trust, which shall, if necessary, include extending the trust and the term of the trustee's appointment. VIII Notification Immediately following entry of a binding contract, contingent upon compliance with the terms of this Final Judgment, to effect any proposed divestiture pursuant to sections IV, V, VI, or VII of this Final Judgment, defendants or the trustee, whichever is then responsible for effecting the divestiture, shall notify plaintiff of the proposed divestiture. If the trustee is responsible, it shall similarly notify defendants. The notice shall set forth the details of the proposed transaction and list the name, address, and telephone number of each person not previously identified who offered to, or expressed an interest in or desire to, acquire any ownership interest in the business that is the subject of the binding contract, together with full details of same. Within fifteen (15) days of receipt by plaintiff of such notice, plaintiff may request additional information concerning the proposed divestiture and the proposed purchaser. Defendants and/or the trustee shall furnish any additional information requested within twenty (20) days of the receipt of the request, unless the parties shall otherwise agree. Within thirty (30) days after receipt of the notice or within twenty (20) days after plaintiff has been provided the additional information requested (including any additional information requested of persons other than defendants or the trustee), whichever is later, plaintiff shall provide written notice to defendants and the trustee, if there is one, stating whether or not it objects to the proposed divestiture. If plaintiff provides written notice to defendants and/or the trustee that it does not object, then the divestiture may be consummated, subject only to defendants' limited right to object to the sale under the provisions in sections VI(C) and VII(C). Absent written notice that the plaintiff does not object to the proposed purchaser, a divestiture proposed under Section IV shall not be consummated. Upon objection by plaintiff, a divestiture proposed under section V shall not be consummated. Upon objection by plaintiff, or by defendants under the proviso in sections VI(C) and VII(C), a divestiture proposed under section VI or VII shall not be consummated unless approved by the Court. IX Affidavits Upon filing of this Final Judgment and every thirty (30) days thereafter until the divestitures have been completed or authority to effect divestiture passes to the trustee pursuant to section VI or section VII of this Final Judgment, defendants shall deliver to plaintiff an affidavit as to the fact and manner of compliance with sections IV and V of this Final Judgment. Each such affidavit shall include the name, address, and telephone number of each person who, at any time after the period covered by the last such report, made an offer to acquire, expressed an interest in acquiring, entered into negotiations to acquire, or was contacted or made an inquiry about acquiring, any ownership interest in Baroid's diamond bit business or the drilling fluid business, and shall describe in detail each contact with any such person during that period. Defendants shall maintain full records of all efforts made to divest these operations. X Financing With prior consent of the plaintiff, defendants may finance all or any part of any purchase made pursuant to sections IV, V, VI, or VII of this Final Judgment. XI Preservation of Assets Until the divestitures required by the Final Judgment have been accomplished: A. The defendants shall take all steps necessary to assure that DBS and Baroid Drilling will be maintained as separate and independent, economically viable, ongoing businesses with their assets (including proprietary technology, management, operations, and books and records) separate, distinct and apart from those of Dresser. The defendants shall use all reasonable efforts on behalf of DBS to maintain and increase sales of diamond drill bits, continue its current plans for research, development, and testing of diamond drill bits, and otherwise maintain the business as a viable and active competitor in the United States. The defendants shall use all reasonable efforts on behalf of Baroid Drilling and M-I Drilling Fluids Co. to maintain and increase sales of drilling fluids, continue current plans for research, development, and testing of drilling fluids, and otherwise maintain the businesses as viable and active competitors in the United States. B. The defendants shall not sell, lease, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of, or pledge as collateral for loans (except such loans as are currently outstanding or replacements of substitutes therefore), assets required to be divested pursuant to sections IV, V, VI, or VII except that any component of such assets as is replaced in the ordinary course of business with a newly purchased component may be sold or otherwise disposed of, provided the newly purchased component is so identified as a replacement component for one to be divested. C. The defendants shall provide capital and provide and maintain sufficient working capital to maintain DBS, including Baroid's diamond bit business; Baroid Drilling; and M-I Drilling Fluids Co. as viable, ongoing businesses consistent with the requirements of section XI(A). D. The defendants shall preserve the assets required to be divested pursuant to section IV, V, VI, and VII, except those replaced with newly acquired assets in the ordinary course of business, in a state or repair equal to their state of repair as of the date of this Final Judgment, ordinary wear and tear excepted. Defendants shall preserve the documents, books and records of DBS and Baroid's diamond bit business until the date of divestiture of Baroid's diamond bit business, and shall preserve the documents, books and records of Baroid Drilling and M-I Drilling Fluids Co. until the date of divestiture of the drilling fluids business. E. Except in the ordinary course of business, or as is otherwise consistent with the requirements of section XII, the defendants shall refrain from terminating or altering one or more current employment, salary, or benefit agreements for one or more executive, managerial, sales, marketing, engineering, or other technical personnel of DBS, Baroid Drilling or M-I Drilling Fluids Co., and shall refrain from transferring any employee so employed without the prior approval of plaintiff. F. Defendants shall refrain from taking any action that would jeopardize the sale of Baroid's diamond bit business or the drilling fluid business. XII Employment Offers A. Defendants are hereby enjoined and restrained until one year following the date of divestiture from employment of, or making offers of employment to, any person, who currently is an executive, managerial, sales, marketing, engineering, research and development, or other technical employee of Baroid in the United States, the preponderance of whose duties relate to Baroid's diamond bit business (``Baroid diamond bit employees''.) This provision, however, does not apply to any employee who is terminated or not hired by the purchaser of Baroid's diamond bit business. Defendants shall encourage and facilitate employment of such employees by the purchaser, and shall remove any impediments that exist which may deter such employees from accepting employment with the purchaser of Baroid's diamond bit business, including, but not limited to, the payment of all bonuses to which such employees would otherwise have been entitled had they remained in the employment of Baroid until the end of fiscal year 1994. B. The purchaser of Baroid's diamond bit business shall also have the right to hire any person who is currently a sales, marketing or research and development employee of Baroid, the preponderance of whose duties do not relate to Baroid's diamond bit business. Such offers of employment and acceptances thereof, contingent upon the consummation of the purchase of Baroid's diamond bit business, may be made prior to the consummation of the divestiture. Defendants shall provide any prospective purchaser with cooperation and assistance in its efforts to determine which, if any, such Baroid employees it seeks to hire. Such cooperation and assistance shall include making available for consultation purposes to any prospective purchasers of Baroid's diamond bit business all Baroid diamond bit employees, and providing information sufficient to enable a prospective purchaser to assess the relative performance of all Baroid sales, marketing and research and development employees. The defendants may, prior to the time the appointment of the trustee becomes effective pursuant to section VII, take any lawful steps they deem appropriate to retain the services of any Baroid employees the preponderance of whose duties do not relate to Baroid's diamond bit business. XIII Compliance Inspection For the purposes of determining or securing compliance with the Final Judgment and subject to any legally recognized privilege, from time to time: A. Duly authorized representatives of the Department of Justice shall, upon written request of the Attorney General or of the Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Antitrust Division, and on reasonable notice to any defendant made to its principal office, be permitted: 1. Access during office hours of such defendant to inspect and copy all books, ledgers, accounts, correspondence, memoranda, and other records and documents in the possession or under the control of such defendant, who may have counsel present, relating to any matters contained in this Final Judgment; and 2. Subject to the reasonable convenience of such defendant and without restraint or interference from it, to interview officers, employees, and agents of such defendant, who may have counsel present, regarding any such matters. B. Upon the written request of the Attorney General or of the Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Antitrust Division made to any defendant's principal office, such defendant shall submit such written reports, under oath if requested, with respect to any of the matters contained in this Final Judgment as may be requested. C. No information or documents obtained by the means provided in this section XIII shall be divulged by a representative of the Department of Justice to any person other than a duly authorized representative of the Executive Branch of the United States, except in the course of legal proceedings to which the United States is a party (including grand jury proceedings), or for the purpose of securing compliance with this Final Judgment, or as otherwise required by law. D. If at the time information or documents are furnished by any defendant to plaintiff, such defendant represents and identifies in writing the material in any such information or documents to which a claim of protection may be asserted under Rule 26(c)(7) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, and such defendant marks each pertinent page of such material, ``Subject to claim of protection under Rule 26(c)(7) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure,'' then ten (10) days notice shall be given by plaintiff to defendants prior to divulging such material in any legal proceeding (other than a grand jury proceeding). XIV Retention of Jurisdiction Jurisidction is retained by this Court for the purpose of enabling any of the parties to this Final Judgment to apply to this Court at any time for such further orders and directions as may be necessary or appropriate for the construction or carrying out of this Final Judgment, for the modification of any of the provisions hereof, for the enforcement of compliance herewith, and for the punishment of any violations hereof. XV Termination This Final Judgment will expire on the tenth anniversary of the date of its entry. XVI Public Interest Entry of this Final Judgment is in the public interest. Dated: ---------------------------------------------------------------------- United States District Judge Order [Civil Action No. 93-2621 (Stanley Sporkin); Filed December 23, 1993] In the matter of United States of America, Plaintiff, v. Baroid Corp. et al., Defendants. With the approval of the parties, it is hereby: Ordered, That the proposed Final Judgment in this case, as referenced in the Stipulation signed on the 23rd day of December, 1993 is hereby modified as follows: Any mention in such proposed Final Judgment that the Court shall appoint an individual to a particular position is hereby understood to mean that the Court shall appoint said individual only if the Court deems said individual to be suitable for the position. In the event that the Court does not find said individual to be suitable for the position, a new nominee shall be presented to the Court, as set forth in the procedures found in the proposed Final Judgment, for the Court's approval and said procedure shall be followed until the Court finds an individual acceptable to the Court. Date: December 23, 1993. Stanley Sporkin, United States District Court. Competitive Impact Statement [Civil Action No. 93-2621 (Stanley Sporkin); Filed: December 23, 1993] Judge Sporkin In the matter of United States of America, Plaintiff; v. Baroid Corp., Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc., DB Stratabit (USA) Inc., and Dresser Industries Inc., Defendants. Pursuant to section 2(b) of the Antitrust Procedures and Penalties Act (``APPA''), 15 U.S.C. 16 (b)-(h), the United States of America files this Competitive Impact Statement relating to the proposed Final Judgment submitted for entry with the consent of Baroid Corporation, Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc., DB Stratabit (USA) Inc., and Dresser Industries, Inc. in this civil antitrust proceeding. I Nature and Purpose of the Proceeding On December 23, 1993, the United States filed a Complaint alleging that the proposed merger of Dresser Industries, Inc. (``Dresser'') and Baroid Corporation (``Baroid'') would violate Section 7 of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 18). The Complaint alleges that the effect of the merger may be substantially to lessen competition in the manufacture and sale in the United States of drilling fluids, which Dresser, through its 64 percent partnership interest in M-I Drilling Fluids, Co. (``M-I''), and Baroid, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Baroid Drilling Fluids, Inc. (``Baroid Drilling''), produce and sell. The Complaint also alleges that the effect of the merger may be substantially to lessen competition in the manufacture and sale in the United States of diamond drill bits, which both Dresser's Security Division (``Security'') and Baroid's wholly owned subsidiary DB Stratabit (USA) Inc. (``DBS'') manufacture and sell. Both drilling fluids and diamond drill bits are used by energy exploration and development companies to drill oil and gas wells. The Complaint seeks, among other relief, a permanent injunction preventing defendants from, in any manner, combining their drilling fluid and diamond drill bit businesses. On December 23, 1993, the United States and defendants filed a stipulation by which they consented to the entry of a proposed Final Judgment designed to eliminate the anticompetitive effects of the merger. Under the proposed Final Judgment, as explained more fully below, defendants would be required to sell, by June 1, 1994, either Baroid Drilling or Dresser's interest in M-I. By July 1, 1994, defendants would also have to divest Baroid's domestic diamond drill bit business, including a manufacturing plant in Houston, Texas, as well as licenses for DBS patents and technology to make and sell DBS diamond drill bits domestically and to a significant extent throughout the world. If defendants should fail to complete either or both of the divestitures, a trustee appointed by the Court would be empowered to complete them. The United States, Dresser, and Baroid have agreed that the proposed Final Judgment may be entered after compliance with the APPA. Entry of the proposed Final Judgment will terminate the action, except that the Court will retain jurisdiction to construe, modify and enforce the Final Judgment, and to punish violations of the Final Judgment. II Events Giving Rise to the Alleged Violation On September 7, 1993, Dresser and Baroid entered into a purchase agreement under which the two companies would merge and Baroid would become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Dresser. This acquisition would, if unchallenged, effectively merge all of the businesses of Dresser and Baroid, including their drilling fluid and diamond drill bit businesses. The purchase price is approximately $900 million. Dresser and Baroid are both large, diversified oil field service companies that provide a wide variety of products and services necessary to explore for and develop oil and gas reserves. Dresser reported total 1992 sales of about $3.8 billion; Baroid's total 1992 sales were approximately $614.4 million. The Complaint alleges that there are two markets in which Dresser and Baroid are significant competitors. Those two markets are the manufacture and sale in the United States of drilling fluids and the manufacture and sale in the United States of diamond drill bits. Both products are used by drilling operators to drill for oil and gas. Wells are drilled using a drill pipe (or ``drill string''), which is a heavy-walled pipe assembled end-to-end from thirty- to forty-foot sections. The drill string is suspended from the mast of a drilling rig and lowered gradually as the earth is penetrated. As the drill string is rotated, the earth is cut by a drill bit,\1\ which is attached to the end of the drill string or to a motor that is attached to the end of the drill string. Drilling fluid is pumped under pressure through the drill string to the drill bit at the end of the string. Drilling fluid, a mixture of natural and synthetic chemical compounds (principally barite and bentonite), improves the performance and durability of the drill string and the tools in the hole by, for example, cooling and lubricating the drill bit and controlling downhole pressure. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\There are two types of drill bits: tricone drill bits and diamond drill bits. Tricone bits consist of three steel cones that rotate as the bit turns. Diamond drill bits have no moving parts but contain cutting elements made of natural or synthetic diamond embedded in the bottom and sides of a steel or matrix body. The kind of drill bits used in a particular drilling operation depends upon the depth of the well, the direction of the drilling, the type of formation through which the drill bit must cut, and the type of drilling fluid used. Diamond drill bits provide higher penetration rates, better durability, and require the drill string to be pulled out of the well hole fewer times than tricone bits. Diamond bits typically cost between three and eight times as much as tricone bits. Where daily drilling costs are high and the geological conditions are suitable, customers prefer to use diamond bits over tricone bits in order to reduce drilling time and, thereby, lower overall costs. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Both drilling fluids and diamond drill bits are critical products for oil and gas exploration and development. The use of an incorrectly formulated drilling fluid can result in a costly, dangerous hole blow- out or the immobilization of the drill string. The percentage of total drilling costs accounted for by drilling fluids can be as high as 10 percent. The percentage of total drilling costs accounted for by drill bits is less, usually no more than 5 percent, but the cost of a bit failure can be very high. Valuable drilling time is lost because the entire drill string must be pulled out of the hole, disassembled, a new bit attached, and the drill string reassembled and run back into the hole. M-I is a vertically integrated company with mining operations, manufacturing plants, research and engineering facilities, distribution facilities and sales and service centers located throughout the world. M-I's worldwide, net sales of drilling fluids for fiscal year 1992 and $383.6 million. Its domestic sales were approximately $110 million. Baroid Drilling produces and sells drilling fluids through a distribution network consisting of approximately 150 onshore and offshore stockpoints and over 50 field laboratories. In 1992, Baroid Drilling's worldwide, net sales were $331.5 million, and its domestic sales were approximately $100 million. Dresser's Security Division has a diamond drill bit manufacturing facility in Houston, Texas. Dresser's total 1992 worldwide sales of diamond drill bits were about $10.4 million and its U.S. sales of that product were about $4.7 million. Baroid produces diamond drill bits at manufacturing facilities located in Houston, Texas, Brussels, Belgium, and Leduc, Alberta, Canada. Baroid's 1992 worldwide sales of diamond drill bits were approximately $40 million, and its domestic sales were about $3.6 million. Baroid's domestic diamond drill bit operations are handled through its DBS subsidiary. The Complaint alleges that the manufacture and sale of drilling fluids is a relevant product market for antitrust purposes. A small, significant nontransitory price increase would not cause customers to use another product instead of drilling fluid. The United States is a relevant geographic market for the drilling fluid market within the meaning of Section 7 of the Clayton Act. The Complaint states that this market is highly concentrated and would become substantially more concentrated as a result of the merger of Baroid and Dresser. Three companies dominate the drilling fluid business in the United States, including M-I and Baroid Drilling. Based on 1992 sales data, M-I was the largest firm in the drilling fluid market, accounting for about 29 percent of sales, while Baroid Drilling, the second largest firm, accounted for about 22 percent. The merger of Dresser and Baroid would increase the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index by about 1200 points to a post-acquisition level of more than 2800 points. The merger of Dresser and Baroid will diminish competition in the drilling fluid market by enabling the remaining competitors more likely, more successfully, and more completely to engage in coordinated interaction that harms customers. The increase in concentration will result in higher prices for drilling fluids, which will increase the costs of oil and gas exploration and development in the United States. Successful new entry into the United States drilling fluid market is difficult and time-consuming. Moreover, the expansion of fringe firms would be insufficient to counteract or deter a small but significant nontransitory price increase. To gain a significant market share, a firm must have an adequate, reliable, and independent source of barite and bentonite and a significant research and development capability. Because the costs to the customer of product failure are so high, the firm must also have a reputation for providing a reliable product and dependable service. The establishment of such a reputation takes years and requires a significant investment of resources. The Complaint also alleges that the manufacture and sale of diamond drill bits is a relevant product market for antitrust purposes. A small, significant nontransitory increase in the price of diamond drill bits would not cause customers to use another product. The United States is a relevant geographic market for this product market within the meaning of section 7 of the Clayton Act. The Complaint states that this market is concentrated, with five companies, including Dresser and Baroid, accounting for approximately 90 percent of all diamond drill bit sales in the United States. These five companies have established reputations for providing dependable diamond drill bits for almost all types of drilling operations, backed by extensive product research, development, and testing. For a significant number of drilling projects, only these five companies have the product quality, performance record, and engineering support required to be considered by customers as a supplier of diamond drill bits. The United States diamond drill bit market would become significantly more concentrated as a result of the merger of Dresser and Baroid. Based on 1992 sales data, Dresser was the third largest firm in the diamond drill bit market, accounting for about 13 percent of sales, while Baroid, the fifth largest firm, accounted for about 10 percent. The merger of Dresser and Baroid would result in a competitor having almost 25 percent of U.S. diamond drill bit sales, and would increase the Herfindahl-Hirschman index by more than 250 points to a post-acquisition level of more than 2300. As a result of the acquisition, four firms would account for approximately 90 percent of sales. The merger of Dresser and Baroid will diminish competition in the United States diamond drill bit market by enabling the remaining competitors more likely, more successfully, and more completely to engage in coordinated interaction that harms customers. This increase in concentration would result in higher prices for diamond drill bits, which will increase the cost of oil and gas exploration and development in the United States. Entry into the United States market for diamond drill bits is difficult, expensive, and time-consuming. To enter the diamond drill bit market and gain a significant market share, a firm must build a manufacturing and research and development facility, develop diamond bits, and establish a reputation for the efficiency, durability, and reliability of its product under actual drilling conditions in a wide variety of different geographic and geological conditions. Because the performance of a bit is critical to assuring the lowest possible drilling costs, and the risk of financial loss due to bit failure is substantial, customers are generally very reluctant to purchase bits from a new supplier that lacks a proven performance record. It would take several years and significant investment for a new supplier to establish a performance record and obtain the sales that are necessary to support the substantial engineering, technical services, and research and development capabilities possessed by the five major competitors in this market. III Explanation of the Proposed Final Judgment The United States brought this action because the effect of the proposed merger of Dresser and Baroid may be substantially to lessen competition, in violation of section 7 of the Clayton Act, in the United States for the manufacture and sale of drilling fluids and the manufacture and sale of diamond bits. The risk to competition posed by this transaction, however, would be substantially eliminated were defendants to divest either Baroid Drilling or Dresser's interest in M- I, and Baroid's diamond bit business, as defined in the proposed Final Judgment, to a purchaser or purchasers that would operate the businesses as active, independent, and financially viable United States competitors in the respective product markets. To this end, the provisions of the proposed Final Judgment are designed to accomplish the sale of a drilling fluid business as well as the sale of Baroid's diamond bit business and to prevent the anticompetitive effects of the proposed acquisition. Section IV of the proposed Final Judgment requires defendants to divest the ``drilling fluid business'' by June 1, 1994, to a purchaser that has the intent and capability to compete promptly and effectively in the manufacture and sale of drilling fluids in the United States. The ``drilling fluid business'' is defined in the proposed Final Judgment as either Dresser's 64 percent interest in M-I, or all assets of Baroid Drilling and any other assets that Baroid owns or has an interest in that are used to research, develop, test, produce, manufacture, service or market, domestically or internationally, drilling fluids. If the divestiture has not occurred by June 1, 1994, the United States may, in its sole discretion, extent the time period up to one month. The proposed Final Judgment prohibits the sale by the defendants of the drilling fluid business to their major competitors in the drilling fluid market: Baker Hughes, Inc., Schlumberger Ltd., and Anchor Drilling Fluids. This prohibition lasts for the life of the decree. The purchaser of the drilling fluid business is also prohibited from combining that business with the drilling operations of any of those three companies or Dresser. Section V of the proposed Final Judgment requires defendants to divest ``Baroid's diamond bit business'' by July 1, 1994, to a purchaser that has the intent and capability to compete promptly and effectively in the manufacture and sale of diamond bits in the United States. ``Baroid's diamond bit business'' is defined in the proposed Final Judgment as the assets owned or controlled by Baroid that are or have been used in the United States to research, develop, test, manufacture, service or market its diamond drill bits. The assets to be divested include Baroid's diamond bit manufacturing facility in Houston, Texas, all equipment in that plant, and all equipment owned or controlled by Baroid that was used to manufacture matrix diamond bits.\2\ Baroid's diamond bit business also includes a nonexclusive license to manufacture and sell matrix diamond bits in the United States and a nonexclusive license to manufacture and sell steel-bodied diamond bits anywhere in the world, except The People's Republic of China, using all patents and other intellectual property owned or controlled by Baroid. These licenses will allow the purchaser to be an effective competitor in the United States diamond drill bit market. The business divested will additionally include research and development equipment in the Houston plant and access for two years to certain pieces of research and development equipment in Baroid's Belgium facility, as well as data from almost all research and development projects relating to matrix or steel-bodied drill bits undertaken by Baroid up to and including the date of the divestiture. Research and development of diamond drill bits includes, but is not limited to, engineering support relating to the analysis and testing of a diamond drill bit's design, application, and components in order to enhance the bit's performance or to create a new diamond bit. In addition, Baroid's diamond bit business includes all data recording diamond bit performance in Baroid's possession at the date of divestiture. The purchaser also has the right for two years to market its diamond bits as being manufactured pursuant to a license from DBS but will not have the right to use the trade names of ``Stratabit,'' ``DB Stratabit, Inc.,'' ``Diamont Boart,'' ``DBS,'' or any derivative thereof. The licenses granted need not be transferable, and thus remain with the original purchaser in perpetuity unless transferred in connection with the sale of all or substantially all of Baroid's diamond bit business. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\There are two basic designs of diamond drill bits: Matrix diamond bits and steel-bodied diamond bits. Baroid currently manufactures only steel-bodied diamond bits, at the Houston facility. In the past it also manufactured matrix diamond bits at the plant. Some equipment that was used for manufacturing matrix diamond bits is in storage. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The divestiture requirement will be satisfied if the defendants have entered a binding contract to sell Baroid's diamond bit business by July 1, 1994, as long as the divestiture will be completed by September 1, 1994. Also, if the defendants have not accomplished the required divestiture by July 1, but demonstrate to the United States' satisfaction that they are then engaged in negotiations with a prospective purchaser that are likely to result in the required divestiture, the United States may extend the time period for divestiture up to three more months. The defendants are prohibited by the proposed Final Judgment from selling Baroid's diamond bit business to their major competitors in the diamond drill bit market: Baker Hughes, Inc., Smith International, Inc., and Camco International, Inc. That prohibition lasts for the life of the decree. The purchaser of Baroid's diamond bit business is also prohibited from combining that business with the diamond drill bit operations of any of those companies or Dresser for the life of the decree. Under the proposed Final Judgment, defendants must take all reasonable steps necessary to accomplish both divestitures quickly, and shall cooperate with bona fide prospective purchasers by supplying all information relevant to the proposed sale. Should defendants fail to complete the divestitures by the specified deadlines to purchasers approved by the United States, the proposed Final Judgment provides for the appointment by the Court of a trustee or trustees to accomplish either or both of the divestitures. Section VI relates to the selection and appointment of a trustee to sell the drilling fluid business, and section VII relates to the selection and appointment of a trustee to sell Baroid's diamond bit business. Following the trustee's appointment, only to trustee will have the right to sell the assets to be divested, and defendants will be required to pay for all of the trustee's sale-related expenses. Should the trustee not accomplish the divestiture it is empowered to make within six months of appointment, the trustee and the parties will make recommendations to the Court, which shall enter such orders as it deems appropriate to carry out the purpose of the trust, which may include extending the trust or the term of the trustee's appointment. If a trustee is appointed to sell Baroid's diamond bit business, that business will include a license to manufacture and sell Baroid's steel-bodied diamond bits anywhere in the world, including The People's Republic of China. Section VIII of the proposed Final Judgment requires that the defendants or the trustee, whoever is responsible for accomplishing the divestiture at the time, notify the United States when a binding contract has been entered so that the United States has an opportunity to evaluate the purchaser. This section gives the United States the right to obtain information about the perspective purchaser. Absent written notice that the United States does not object to the proposed purchaser of the drilling fluid business, a divestiture of that business under section IV cannot be consummated. Upon the United States' objection to the purchaser of Baroid's diamond bit business under section V, the transaction cannot be consummated. Should the United States object to a sale of either business by the trustee, the divestiture cannot be consummated unless approved by the Court. Section IX of the proposed Final Judgment requires defendants to submit monthly reports to the United States regarding its efforts to divest the drilling fluid business and Baroid's diamond bit business, including the status of discussions or negotiations with any person. Section X states that defendants may finance part of all of either divestiture with the prior consent of the United States. Under section XI of the proposed Final Judgment, defendants must take certain steps to ensure that, until the required divestiture has been completed, Baroid Drilling and DBS will be held separate and apart from Dresser and that both businesses, as well as M-I, will be maintained as viable competitors. The proposed Final Judgment also contains provisions designed to ensure that the purchaser of Baroid's diamond bit business will have the opportunity to hire a work force sufficient to maintain that business as an effective competitor in the United States. Under section XII of the proposed Final Judgment, defendants are required to encourage and facilitate employment by the purchaser of all Baroid employees in the United States, the preponderance of whose duties relate to Baroid's diamond bit business, and will be prohibited from employing these individuals for one year after the divestiture unless those individuals are terminated or not hired by the purchaser. In addition, defendants are required to assist the purchaser so that the purchaser may determine if it would like to hire other Baroid sales, marketing and research and development employees, the preponderance or whose duties do not relate to Baroid's diamond drill bit business. This assistance consists of providing information and consultation regarding the employees' relative job duties and performance. Finally, section XV provides that the proposed Final Judgment will expire on the tenth anniversary of its entry by the Court. IV Remedies Available to Potential Private Litigants Section 4 of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 15) provides that any person who has just been injured as a result of conduct prohibited by the antitrust laws may bring suit in federal court to recover three times the damages the person has suffered, as well as costs and reasonable attorneys' fees. Entry of the proposed Final Judgment will neither impair nor assist the bringing of any private antitrust damage action. Under the provisions of section 5(a) of the Clayton Act (15 U.S.C. 16(a)), the proposed Final Judgment has no prima facie effect in any subsequent private lawsuit that may be brought against defendants. V Procedure Available for Modification of the Proposed Final Judgment The United States and defendants have stipulated that the proposed Final Judgment may be entered by the Court after compliance with the provisions of the APPA, provided that the United States has not withdrawn its consent. The APPA conditions entry upon the Court's determination that the proposed Final Judgment is in the public interest. The APPA provides a period of at least 60 days preceding the effective date of the proposed Final Judgment within which any person may submit to the United States written comments regarding the proposed Final Judgment. Any person who wishes to comment should do so within 60 days of the date of publication of this Competitive Impact Statement in the Federal Register. The United States will evaluate the comments, determine whether it would withdraw its consent, and respond to comments. The comments and the response of the United States will be filed with the Court and published in the Federal Register. Written comments should be submitted to: Roger W. Fones, Chief Transportation, Energy & Agriculture Section, Antitrust Division, Judiciary Center Building, 555 4th Street, NW., room 9104, Washington, DC 20001. VI Alternatives to the Proposed Final Judgment The proposed Final Judgment requires that either Dresser's interest in M-I or Baroid Drilling, and Baroid's diamond bit business be sold to a purchaser or purchasers that would use the respective businesses promptly to become viable competitors in both of the product markets alleged in the Complaint. Thus, compliance with the proposed Final Judgment and the completion of the divestitures required by the Judgment would resolve the competitive concerns raised by the proposed transaction, and assure that the respective businesses would remain independent and active competitors to Dresser's drilling fluid and diamond bit businesses in the United States. Litigation is, of course, always an alternative to a consent decree in a section 7 case. The United States rejected this alternative because the divestitures required under the proposed Final Judgment should prevent the merger of Dresser and Baroid from having a significant anticompetitive effect in either of the two relevant product markets alleged, and will provide substantially all of the relief requested in the Complaint. The United States believes that in the hands of appropriate purchasers, the drilling fluid business that is divested and Baroid's diamond bit business will likely maintain their respective competitive roles in the United States. The United States is satisfied that the proposed Final Judgment fully resolves the anticompetitive effects of the proposed merger alleged in the Complaint. Although the proposed Final Judgment may not be entered until the criteria established by the APPA (115 U.S.C. 15 (b)-(h)) have been satisfied, the public will benefit immediately from the safeguards in the proposed Final Judgment because the defendants have stipulated to comply with the terms of the Judgment pending its entry by the Court. VII Determinative Materials and Documents There are no materials or documents that the United States considered to be determinative in formulating this proposed Final Judgment. Accordingly, none are being filed with this Competitive Impact Statement. Dated: December 23, 1993. Respectfully submitted, Angela L. Hughes, Denise L. Diaz, Attorneys, U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, Judiciary Center Building, room 9104, 555 Fourth Street NW., Washington, DC 20001, (202) 307-6410. [FR Doc. 94-1038 Filed 1-14-94; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4410-01-M