[Economic Report of the President (1999)]
[Administration of William J. Clinton]
[Online through the Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]



POPULATION, EMPLOYMENT, WAGES, AND PRODUCTIVITY


[[Page 383]]


Table B-48.--Employment cost index, private industry, 1980-98
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Total private           Goods-producing         Service-producing          Manufacturing           Nonmanufacturing
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Total   Wages             Total   Wages            Total   Wages            Total   Wages            Total   Wages
Year and month                             com-     and     Bene-    com-     and    Bene-    com-     and    Bene-    com-     and    Bene-    com-     and    Bene-
pen-    sala-   fits\1\   pen-    sala-  fits\1\   pen-    sala-  fits\1\   pen-    sala-  fits\1\   pen-    sala-  fits\1\
sation   ries             sation   ries            sation   ries            sation   ries            sation   ries
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Index, June 1989=100; not seasonally adjusted
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December:
1980............................................................    64.8    67.1      59.4    66.7    69.7     60.5    63.3    65.3    58.4     66.0    68.9     59.9    64.2    66.2     59.1
1981............................................................    71.2    73.0      66.6    73.3    75.7     68.2    69.5    71.1    65.1     72.5    74.9     67.5    70.4    72.1     66.1
1982............................................................    75.8    77.6      71.4    77.8    80.0     73.2    74.1    75.9    69.6     76.9    79.1     72.4    75.1    76.8     70.6
1983............................................................    80.1    81.4      76.7    81.6    83.2     78.3    78.9    80.2    75.2     80.8    82.5     77.5    79.6    81.0     76.2
1984............................................................    84.0    84.8      81.7    85.4    86.4     83.2    82.9    83.7    80.4     85.0    86.1     82.7    83.4    84.2     81.1
1985............................................................    87.3    88.3      84.6    88.2    89.4     85.7    86.6    87.7    83.6     87.8    89.2     85.0    87.0    88.0     84.4
1986............................................................    90.1    91.1      87.5    91.0    92.3     88.3    89.3    90.3    86.8     90.7    92.1     87.5    89.7    90.6     87.5
1987............................................................    93.1    94.1      90.5    93.8    95.2     90.9    92.6    93.4    90.2     93.4    95.2     89.8    92.9    93.7     91.0
1988............................................................    97.6    98.0      96.7    97.9    98.2     97.3    97.3    97.8    96.1     97.6    98.1     96.6    97.5    97.8     96.8
1989............................................................   102.3   102.0     102.6   102.1   102.0    102.6   102.3   102.2   102.6    102.0   101.9    102.3   102.3   102.2    102.8

1990............................................................   107.0   106.1     109.4   107.0   105.8    109.9   107.0   106.3   109.0    107.2   106.2    109.5   106.9   106.1    109.3
1991............................................................   111.7   110.0     116.2   111.9   109.7    116.7   111.6   110.2   115.7    112.2   110.3    116.1   111.5   109.8    116.2
1992............................................................   115.6   112.9     122.2   116.1   112.8    123.4   115.2   113.0   121.2    116.5   113.7    122.6   115.1   112.6    122.0
1993............................................................   119.8   116.4     128.3   120.6   116.1    130.3   119.3   116.6   126.7    121.3   117.3    130.0   119.0   116.0    127.4
1994............................................................   123.5   119.7     133.0   124.3   119.6    134.8   122.8   119.7   131.5    125.1   120.8    134.3   122.6   119.1    132.3
1995............................................................   126.7   123.1     135.9   127.3   122.9    137.1   126.2   123.2   134.7    128.3   124.3    136.7   125.9   122.5    135.3
1996............................................................   130.6   127.3     138.6   130.9   126.8    139.7   130.2   127.5   137.4    132.1   128.4    139.8   129.8   126.8    137.9

1997:Mar..........................................................   131.7   128.6     139.4   131.4   127.5    139.9   131.6   129.0   138.5    132.6   129.1    139.9   131.1   128.2    138.9
June..........................................................   132.8   129.7     140.1   132.7   128.9    140.9   132.5   130.1   139.2    133.8   130.3    141.0   132.1   129.3    139.5
Sept..........................................................   133.9   131.0     140.8   133.6   129.9    141.5   133.8   131.5   139.8    134.6   131.3    141.4   133.3   130.7    140.2
Dec...........................................................   135.1   132.3     141.8   134.1   130.6    141.5   135.3   133.1   141.4    135.3   132.2    141.7   134.7   132.1    141.5
1998:Mar..........................................................   136.3   133.7     142.6   135.1   132.0    141.5   136.7   134.4   142.7    136.4   133.7    141.7   136.0   133.4    142.7
June..........................................................   137.5   134.9     143.7   136.2   133.2    142.5   137.8   135.6   143.8    137.2   134.6    142.4   137.2   134.7    143.9
Sept..........................................................   139.0   136.6     144.5   137.1   134.3    143.0   139.6   137.6   144.9    138.2   136.0    142.6   138.9   136.5    145.0
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Index, June 1989=100; seasonally adjusted
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1997:Mar..........................................................   131.4   128.5     138.8   131.5   127.5    139.8   131.4   128.9   138.3    132.5   129.1    139.7   131.0   128.2    138.7
June..........................................................   132.6   129.7     139.7   132.7   128.9    140.7   132.5   130.1   139.1    133.6   130.3    140.8   132.1   129.3    139.5
Sept..........................................................   133.7   131.0     140.4   133.7   129.9    141.5   133.7   131.5   139.8    134.6   131.3    141.5   133.2   130.6    140.2
Dec...........................................................   135.1   132.5     141.7   134.2   130.6    141.8   135.5   133.3   141.7    135.3   132.2    142.0   134.9   132.3    141.7
1998:Mar..........................................................   136.0   133.6     142.1   135.0   132.0    141.4   136.5   134.3   142.5    136.3   133.7    141.5   135.9   133.4    142.5
June..........................................................   137.2   134.9     143.2   136.2   133.2    142.3   137.7   135.6   143.7    137.0   134.6    142.2   137.2   134.7    143.9
Sept..........................................................   138.7   136.6     144.2   137.1   134.3    143.0   139.5   137.6   144.9    138.2   136.0    142.7   138.8   136.3    145.0
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Percent change from 12 months earlier, not seasonally adjusted
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December:
1980............................................................     9.6     9.1      11.7     9.9     9.4     10.8     9.7     8.8    12.5      9.8     9.4     10.5     9.7     8.9     12.6
1981............................................................     9.9     8.8      12.1     9.9     8.6     12.7     9.8     8.9    11.5      9.8     8.7     12.7     9.7     8.9     11.8
1982............................................................     6.5     6.3       7.2     6.1     5.7      7.3     6.6     6.8     6.9      6.1     5.6      7.3     6.7     6.5      6.8
1983............................................................     5.7     4.9       7.4     4.9     4.0      7.0     6.5     5.7     8.0      5.1     4.3      7.0     6.0     5.5      7.9
1984............................................................     4.9     4.2       6.5     4.7     3.8      6.3     5.1     4.4     6.9      5.2     4.4      6.7     4.8     4.0      6.4
1985............................................................     3.9     4.1       3.5     3.3     3.5      3.0     4.5     4.8     4.0      3.3     3.6      2.8     4.3     4.5      4.1
1986............................................................     3.2     3.2       3.4     3.2     3.2      3.0     3.1     3.0     3.8      3.3     3.3      2.9     3.1     3.0      3.7
1987............................................................     3.3     3.3       3.4     3.1     3.1      2.9     3.7     3.4     3.9      3.0     3.4      2.6     3.6     3.4      4.0
1988............................................................     4.8     4.1       6.9     4.4     3.2      7.0     5.1     4.7     6.5      4.5     3.0      7.6     5.0     4.4      6.4
1989............................................................     4.8     4.1       6.1     4.3     3.9      5.4     5.1     4.5     6.8      4.5     3.9      5.9     4.9     4.5      6.2

1990............................................................     4.6     4.0       6.6     4.8     3.7      7.1     4.6     4.0     6.2      5.1     4.2      7.0     4.5     3.8      6.3
1991............................................................     4.4     3.7       6.2     4.6     3.7      6.2     4.3     3.7     6.1      4.7     3.9      6.0     4.3     3.5      6.3
1992............................................................     3.5     2.6       5.2     3.8     2.8      5.7     3.2     2.5     4.8      3.8     3.1      5.6     3.2     2.6      5.0
1993............................................................     3.6     3.1       5.0     3.9     2.9      5.6     3.6     3.2     4.5      4.1     3.2      6.0     3.4     3.0      4.4
1994............................................................     3.1     2.8       3.7     3.1     3.0      3.5     2.9     2.7     3.8      3.1     3.0      3.3     3.0     2.7      3.8
1995............................................................     2.6     2.8       2.2     2.4     2.8      1.7     2.8     2.9     2.4      2.6     2.9      1.8     2.7     2.9      2.3
1996............................................................     3.1     3.4       2.0     2.8     3.2      1.9     3.2     3.5     2.0      3.0     3.3      2.3     3.1     3.5      1.9

1997:Mar..........................................................     3.0     3.4       2.0     2.5     2.9      1.6     3.1     3.4     2.2      2.6     3.0      1.7     3.1     3.5      2.1
June..........................................................     2.9     3.3       2.0     2.6     3.0      1.7     3.0     3.4     2.2      2.6     3.0      1.8     3.0     3.4      2.0
Sept..........................................................     3.2     3.6       2.0     2.7     3.0      1.9     3.3     3.8     1.9      2.5     2.8      1.9     3.3     3.8      2.0
Dec...........................................................     3.4     3.9       2.3     2.4     3.0      1.3     3.9     4.4     2.9      2.4     3.0      1.4     3.8     4.2      2.6
1998:Mar..........................................................     3.5     4.0       2.3     2.8     3.5      1.1     3.9     4.2     3.0      2.9     3.6      1.3     3.7     4.1      2.7
June..........................................................     3.5     4.0       2.6     2.6     3.3      1.1     4.0     4.2     3.3      2.5     3.3      1.0     3.9     4.2      3.2
Sept..........................................................     3.8     4.3       2.6     2.6     3.4      1.1     4.3     4.6     3.6      2.7     3.6       .8     4.2     4.4      3.4
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Percent change from 3 months earlier, seasonally adjusted
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1997:Mar..........................................................     0.6     0.9       0.1     0.3     0.6     -0.1     0.8     0.9     0.4      0.3     0.5     -0.3     0.8     0.9      0.4
June..........................................................      .9      .9        .6      .9     1.1       .6      .8      .9      .6       .8      .9       .8      .8      .9       .6
Sept..........................................................      .8     1.0        .5      .8      .8       .6      .9     1.1      .5       .7      .8       .5      .8     1.0       .5
Dec...........................................................     1.0     1.1        .9      .4      .5       .2     1.3     1.4     1.4       .5      .7       .4     1.3     1.3      1.1
1998:Mar..........................................................      .7      .8        .3      .6     1.1      -.3      .7      .8      .6       .7     1.1      -.4      .7      .8       .6
June..........................................................      .9     1.0        .8      .9      .9       .6      .9     1.0      .8       .5      .7       .5     1.0     1.0      1.0
Sept..........................................................     1.1     1.3        .7      .7      .8       .5     1.3     1.5      .8       .9     1.0       .4     1.2     1.2       .8
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\1\Employer costs for employee benefits.

Note.--The employment cost index is a measure of the change in the cost of labor, free from the influence of employment shifts among occupations and industries.
Data exclude farm and household workers.

Source: Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.