[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                                           STRATEGY FOR

                                         QAWMILL CREEK


                                            RESTORATION




                                       A TARGETED WATERSBIED PROJECT





                                                     April, 1992


                                        Prepared Cooperatively by:

                                                   Anne Arundel County
                                           Maryland Department of Agriculture
                                           Maryland Department of Environment
                                        Maryland Department of Natural Resource@s
                                                Maryland Governor's Office
                                          Maryland Department of Transportation
                                               Center for Policy Negotiation
                                                   Chesapeake Bay Trust
                                              Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay
                                               US Fish and Wildlife Service
                                             National Marine Fisheries Service
                                                Maryland Save-Our Streams
                                   Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies, UMS
                                                  Office of State Planning
                                                 Soil Conservation Service
                                                Chesapeake Bay Foundation




               WGM-TAR-92-1










                                              CONTENTS


             Acknowledgements

             OVERVIEW


             Scope and Organization of the Report

             I.    INTRODUCTION
                   A,    Maryland's Targeted Watershed Project Description
                   B.    Organization of the Sawmill Creek Project
                   C.    Goal for the Sawmill Creek Watershed


             II. DESCRIPTION OF SAINMILL CREEK WATERSHED
                   A.    Geography
                   B.    Whole Watershed Overview
                         1. Historic Conditions
                         2. Current Population, Land Uses and Land Cover
                         3. Future Development

             III. EXISTING CONDITIONS: THE EFFECTS OF IAND USE ON THE
                   STREAM'S ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
                   k     Segment 1 - Headwaters, Rural and Light. Residential
                   B.    Segment 2 - Middle reach, Commercial and Light Industrial
                   C.    Segment 3 - Lower reach, Developed, Residential, High Density

             IV.   COMMUNICATIONS AND PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT
                   A.    Efforts to Date
                   B.    Current Focus: Adbpt-a-Stream
     CA            C.    Future Plans
     (10     V.    CONCLUSIONS

             VI.   RECOMMENDATIONS FOR OVERALL RESTORATION STRATEGY
                   k     Segment 1 - Headwaters, Rural and Light Residential
                   B..   Segment 2 - Middle reach, Commercial and Light Industrial
                   C.    Segment 3 - Lower reach, Developed, Residential, High Density


      SI)









                 Appendices

                               1.     Targeted Watershed Project Tasks

                               2.     Project Organization Chart

                               3.     Sawmill Creek Team Members


                               4.     Sawmill Creek Work Groups

                               5.     Ust of Affiliation (and other) Acronyms and their Definitions


                                             LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES


                                                                                                        Page
                 Figure 1. Map of Maryland's Four Targeted Watersheds                                      2

                 Figure 2. Location Map of the Sawmill Creek Watershed                                     4

                 Figure 3.  Transportation Corridors in the Sawmill Creek Watershed                        6

                 Figure 4.  Major Segments of the Sawmill Creek Watershed Categorized by                   8
                            Predominant Land Use


                 Figure 5.  New Development in the Plan Review Process                                    11

                 Figure 6.  Baseflow and Ground-water Withdrawals                                         13

                 Figure 7.  Change in Stream Channel Depth and Cross Section Due to                       14
                            Erosion From 1955 to 1990

                 Figure 8.  The Hydrologic Cycle                                                          16

                 Table 1    Land Use Categories in the Watershed                                          10











                                                ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

                           The Sawmill Creek Targeted Watershed Project is the product of the effort and
               good will of many people who are dedicated to the protection and restoration of Maryland's
               environment. We extend our sincere appreciation to all of them'. Many of the people who
               have been instrumental to, the project are members of the Restoration Planning team. Their
               names are listed at the end of the report. We would also like to thank citizens who live in
               the watershed and volunteer their time weekly to monitor the physical aspects of the stream.
               The members of the Monitoring Team have made important contributions to our
               understanding of the past and present conditions in the stream and the watershed.

               Several people read drafts of this strategy and made helpful comments. They were Mike
               Bowman, Stuart Lehman, Ginger Ellis, Ron Klauda, John McCoy, Barbara Johnson, Roland
               Agbede, Richard C. Lucas, Robert James, Ronald A. Etzel, Dan Bard, Verna Harrison,
               Susan Rudy, Rich Mason,, Beth Gotjen, Edward G. Stein and Rick Leader. Help with land
               use analysis and statistics was provided by Fred Schenerman and Jim Ahl. We would like
               to thank Lamar Platt and Mary Beamis for their help with the Figures.

               Although many people reviewed this document, any errors are the responsibility of the
               Project Leader and Project Coordinator.











                 OVERVIEW

                        The cumulative effects of traditional suburban/urban development patterns are
                 pervasive in the Sawmill Creek watershed. The environmental impacts are diverse in origin
                 and synergistic in their effects. Several system-wide management issues must be resolved
                 before most site-specific restoration projects' can be implemented effectively.

                        The following points summarize problems to beaddressed and the first steps to be
                 taken to solve them. More details are provided in the report text.

                 A.     Water Quantity: The natural hydrology of Sawmill Creek and its tributaries has been
                 severely disturbed and needs to be rehabilitated to a more stable, natural stream condition.
                 This should be the first priority of the restoration process.                                           lo,

                        1.     High flows need to be controlled by the implementation of a regional
                        stormwater management plan. A cooperativine demonstration project by state
                        agencies on Muddy Bridge Branch is the first step.

                        2.     Baseflow has been so severely reduced that parts of the stream have gone dry.
                        State and county water supply agencies need to coordinate with living resource
                        management agencies to develop a management plan that includes protection for
                        stream biota.


                 B.     Water Quality:

                        1.     Sediment loading in the Sawmill Creek watershed is primarily a function of
                        stream bed erosion. The stormwater management plan (A. 1.) must focus on reducing
                        erosive velocities within the stream channels.

                        2.     Nutrient inputs are diverse and the relative contribution of nonpoint sources
                        needs to clarified. The monitoring team studies should focus on the sources of
                        nutrient and chemical contamination (B.3.).

                        3.     Chemical pollution has a variety of sources, and some progress has been made
                        on managing the largest known source. A special work group should be assigned to
                        quantify and resolve the toxicity issues that have been raised by field investigations.
                        NPDES permit monitoring and enforcement need to be upgraded.

                 C.     Habitat: Riparian buffer protection and stream channel restoration are needed.






                                                               iv









                       1.     A site-specific inventory of habitat problems and habitat enhancement
                       projects for the entire watershed is needed.
0                      Citizen groups and the monitoring team could perform this task.

                       2.     Fish passage improvement, stream channel stabilization and stormwater
                       management retrorits are being incorporated into current State construction projects.
                       These activities should be included in all new construction projects.

                       3.     County rules protecting forests, streams and buffers could be consolidated into
                       one-document for easy reference. Currently they are dispersed throughout a number
                       of pieces of legislation, laws and ordinances.

                D.     Citizen involvement needs to be increased. The recently formed public participation
                work group should focus on:

                       1.     Park/trail linkages
                       2.     Greenways program
                       3.     Stewardship and public awareness



























                                                              V.









                        Scope and Organization of the Report

                        The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of existing environmental
                 conditions. in the watershed and to provide a strategy to prioritize the actions that can be
                 taken to improve the water quality and the habitat conditions' for living resources. The
                 environmental problems facing this watershed are diverse in origin and synergistic in effect.
                 The remediation of these problems will have to be accomplished by a number of different
                 organizations and groups who must integrate these tasks into their existing programs.
                 Details of specific restoration actions will be presented as a series of separate reports.
                 These reports will be developed by work groups composed of specialists from the whole
                 targeting team and other interested parties.'

                        The description of the existing environmental conditions draws on the.Sawmill Cree
                 Baseline Monitoring Report (Marshall, et al., 1992), a report that surnmarizes the data
                 collected by the Targeted Watershed Project.           Additional information about the
                 environmental conditions in the watershed was provided by field observations made by the
                 Team members. and residents of the watershed.             In 1986 Anne Arundel County
                 commissioned a report on the Sawmill Creek watershed for the purpose of evaluating a park
                 linkage system (Columbia Design Collective, Architects, Inc., December, 1986). Some of
                 the information contained in that report was used as background for this document.

                        This report begins with a brief description of the Maryland Targeted Watershed
                 Project. The second section contains a description of the geography, historic, current and
                 anticipated future conditions of the whole watershed. The third section expands the
                 description of the watershed, describes the subdivisions of the watershed as three major
                 segments based on the predominant land use and presents the main environmental problems
                 for each segment. The fourth section describes our communications and public information
                 efforts. The fifth section summarizes what has been learned about the watershed and how
                 the Targeted Watershed Project has evolved. The sixth section provides direction on how
                 to resolve the environmental problems in the three segments.

                     The appendix of the report contains background on the overall Targeted Watershed
                 Project and references to materials that are of project-specific and general interest.










                                                                                                                       V

                                                              vi











                I.     INTRODUCnON'

 0              A.     Maryland's Targeted Watershed Project Description

                       The Targeted Watershed Project provides an opportunity for Chesapeake Bay
                managers to develop, demonstrate and evaluate a coordinated approach to improving water
                quality and the habitat conditions for living resources in four small watersheds, called
 0              targeted watersheds (Figure 1). Through the implementation of various Bay cleanup
                activities in the targeted watersheds, the project will demonstrate and help evaluate the
                effectiveness of a number of the Chesapeake Bay Agreement commitments.

                       Curr ent regulator and management strategies address the impacts of individual
                                         Y
 0              projects. This project-by-project approach developed at a time when pressures on the Bay
                from human activities were far less significant. T'his approach is no longer adequate to
                protect or restore the tributaries or the Bay.

                       Many of the problems in the watersheds are from physical modifications to the
 0              landscape, aquatic habitat destruction, and -nonpoint source pollution (NPS). NPS is the
                pollution carried to waterbodies, by rain water runoff and atmospheric deposition. The
                programs to address these sources of nonpoint source pollution involve actions by both
                urban and agricultural organizations.

                        I
                       Inter-agency teams have determined the overall direction for the project work, based
                on policy direction from the members of the Bay Workgroup. (The Bay Workgroup is a
                committee of senior executives from environmental agencies.) Appendix One provides a
                description of the major tasks of the overall Targeted Watershed Project. Appendix Two
                contains a diagram of the project's organization.

                B.     Organization of the Sawmill Creek Project

                       For the Sawmill Creek watershed, two inter-agency teams have been responsible for
                planning and. conducting the monitoring and restoration work. After the state agencies
                began work on the Targeted Watershed Project, county and federal officials and
                representatives from non-governmental organizations joined the teams. Some individuals
                serve on both team . Five departments in Anne Arundel County government have been
                involved in various capacities. Seven state departments are involved. Three federal
                agencies, five non-govenamental organizations, several private citizens and local businesses
                have been involved. Appendix Three provides an abbreviated list of the individuals who
 0              have been involved with monitoring and restoration team work.


















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                                                                              Pennsylvenle




                                                                                           ......... ...........
                                                                                          .......... ..........

                                                                                         . .......      .....
                                                                                         .......      ........
                                                                                                  Maryland



                                                                        WON
                                                                      Virginia                  .....

                                                                                                                        Chesapeake
                                                                                                                        Bay








                                                                                                                                                                    Bird River
                                                                                                                                                                    Baltimore County







                                                                     Piney        Alloway
                                                                    Carroll County                                                                                     German Branch
                                                                                                                                                                       Queen Anne's
                                                                                                                                                                       County






                                                                         Sawmill         Crook
                                                                         Anne Arundel County





                                                                                               Figure 1
                                      Map of Maryland's Four                                                       Targeted Watersheds











                C.      Goal for the SawndU Creek Watershed


                       The overall goal for Sawmill Creek is simple to conceive and difficult to achieve.
                The 2oal is to reverse the decline in water quali1y and- the loss of habitat. The first step has
                been to understand the environmental conditions in the watershed and to identify the things
                that create specific problems. At present we have a good general understanding of both the
                conditions and the causes of the problems, and have begun to identify the important cause
                and effect relationships. The intent of the Targeted Watershed Project is to start now to
                create improvements in the watershed on the basis of existing information and our current
                understanding of the problem. As we proceed, we will continue to expand our
                understanding of causes md effects and use this knowledge to, help prioritize restoration
                projects.

                        This document presents a synthesis of our analysis of the problems, an outline of the
                work that is necessary to correct existing problems, and management steps that are required
                to keep similar problems from being created by future development. Additional information
                is available from several sources, including the Sawmill Cregk, Baseline Monitoring Repo
                (Marshall, et al., 1992), the Project Leader's memos and reports on the project.



























                                                                3









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                                                                     Figure 2
                         'Location Map of the Sawinill Creek Watershed

                                                                            4










                        DESCRIPTION OF SAWMILL CREEK WATERSHED


                A. Geography

                        Sawmill Creek is a, Coastal Plain watershed that drains approximately 5,000 acres, or
                8.4 square miles. Sawmill Creek is a freshwater stream located in the northeastern part of
                Anne Arundel County. 7be highest point in the watershed is near Severn Danza Park at
                the intersection of Donaldson Avenue and Old Telegraph Road. The creek flows in a
                northeasterly direction for about 5 miles until it joins Furnace Branch. The Furnace Branch
                is an estuary that empties into Curtis Bay near the mouth on the Patapsco River. A location
                map of the Sawmill Creek watershed is presented in Figure 2.

                        The soils in the watershed are sandy, highly permeable and very erodible. This is an
                area of significant ground water recharge even though man made impervious surfaces, plus
                the rapid elimination of surface runoff through storm drains has reduced total ground water
                recharge within the watershed. Much of the rain that falls on this watershed infiltrates to
                the ground water table and this water contributes to the baseflow of Sawmill Creek.
                However, in recent years, ground water pumping has removed large amounts of ground
                water from the watershed. and baseflows have decreased substantially. Formerly, this creek
                had one of the highest baseflows per square mile of drainage area of any stream in the
                region (U.S.G.S., 1973).

                B. Whole Watershed Overview

                        The health of anystream is determined by the activities on the surrounding land that
                comprises the watershed. Over the years the land uses in the Sawmill Creek watershed have
                changed from forest to agrarian to urban.


                        1. Historic Conditions



                        The Creek derives its name from a water-driven sawmill that began operating in the
                1700s. At that time mills were usually built close to the source of lumber. The remnants
                of the sawmill dam are on the upstream end of the box culvert that carries 8th Avenue over
                the creek. The impoundment created by this dam is known locally as Wagner's Pond.

                        Transportation corridors have played a major role in the development of this
                watershed (Figure 3). This region was a very productive fruit and vegetable farming area
                with roads and rail lines providing easy access to the markets. Most of the produce was sold
                in Baltimore, which is one of the older port cities on the east coast. During the early 1900s
                the local farms and industries relied on itinerant workers who had recently arrived in
                Baltimore from Europe (Jacques, 1989).



                                                                5

















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                      ^1      WDKTH                                                         F ra ST


                                                              Figure 3
                       Transportation Corridors -in the SawmiR Creek
                       Watershed
                                                                    6








da


                       In additionto links with Curtis Bay and the port of Baltimore, there were a number
               of roads and railroads that connected Baltimore with points to the south. Ile precursors
               of Mountain Road (now Route 100), Baltimore Annapolis Boulevard (Route 648) and Crain
               Highway (Route 3) all converge in a part of the watershed that was known as WeHham's
               Cross Roads in 1878. This is in the vicinity of Baltimore Washington International airport
               (BWI). Trout were stock:ed in Sawmill Creek during the 1930s and 40s, because there was
               a light rail commuter line that made Glen Burnie accessible to urban fishing enthusiasts
               (Sunpaper, 1943).

                       Friendship Airport, now BWI, was built in the late 1940s. The airport was named
               after the Friendship Methodist Church it replaced. The church had been located on the
               highest place with relatively flat land close to the city and the port. At about the same time,
               large scale subdivisions began to appear along Ritchie Highway as city workers began to
               move away from the inner city. High density residential development has continued to fill
               in the open land in Glen Burnie and Ferndale.

                       Regional groundwater withdrawals increased approximately 300% between 1965 and
               1985. This was done to supply water to the growing population in northern Anne Arundel
               County. As part of this new growth, pumpage was increased in several wen fields near the
               mainstem of Sawmill Creek. During the same period the baseflow in Sawmill Creek
               declined from 7.4 cubic fDet per second (cfs) to 0.98 cfs (Achmad, 1991).

                       2. Current Population, Land Uses and Land Cover

                       Initial estimates from the 1990 Census indicate that there are approximately 17,000
               people living in the watershed. Certain tracts within this area have experienced growth rates
               as high as 37% within the last 10 years. Based on historic growth patterns and current
               zoning, the watershed can be divided into three general land use categories. These are
               described briefly stdrting with the headwaters section and moving downstream (Figure 4 and
               Table 1).

                       Most of the headwaters region of the creek@ segment # 1, is presently in rural and low
               density residential uses. Almost the entire area is zoned R1 and R2. These zoning
               classifications are intended to limit development to 1 or 2 residential units per acre.

                       The central third of the watershed, segment #2, is dominated by commercial and
               light industrial uses. Most of the large tracts of existing open land are zoned W1 and W2,
               which are defined as Parli Industrial development.

                       The lower third of the watershed is highly developed, and is characterized by small
               lot subdivisions, with corrimercial development located along the highway corridors. The
               majority of the land is zoned R5, C3 and C4. Most of the urbanization in this area took
               place.in the 1940s and 50s. Although this area is generally referred to as Glen Burnie it
               also includes parts of Ferndale.


                                                              7







                                   5 E GMENT :3


                                FEF:;@NPALE
             SEGMENT
            Cornmeir6ai

                                                             oo



                        5\A/'L




                                         Of




                                   F-GMENT

                     Heta4walers, rural an4 I;j6J rr-s;4e-nT;aI


                               Trrrm"

                  0       S'LSO    5-aw,@,11 Cre*-k aKa t4utar;P-5
                      ------------4
             No AT HF Q ET




                            Figure 4
          Major Segments of the SawmiR Creek Watershed
          Categorized by Predominant Land Use
                              8









                      3. Future Development

                      Although most people would consider this region urbanized, there are a significant
               number of land use changes still underway. In 1990 the Anne Arundel County Department
               of Planning and Zoning was reviewing development plans that had been submitted for 69
               new projects. These projects will alter an additional 14% of the watershed (figure 5). This
               translates into a 32% reduction in the existing open space. Based on the most recent zoning
               maps, the following land use developments are expected.

                      In the short term, the most obvious and dramatic changes are expected to occur in
               segment 2, the central section of the watershed. Most of this change will occur along the
               Dorsey Road/Route 100.md Route 3/197 corridors. As a consequence of expected intense
               development, the Targeted Watershed Project initially focused much of the restoration
               planning efforts in this segment.

                      Land use changes in the headwaters section, segment 1, should happen more
               gradually. However, impacts on the watershed and the stream in this segment are harder
               to predict. This is because waivers and special exceptions to zoning standards are granted
               on a case by case basis.- 7[be construction of Route 100 and other road way improvements
               may accelerate the rate of development in this area.

                      Although not many chaLige in land use are expected to occur in old Glen Burnie
               segment 3, there are existing environmental problems that need to be addressed. These will
               be discussed in later sections of this report.






















                                                            9











                                                                Table I
                                    Land Use in Sawmill Creek Watershed By Classification,
                                                  Segment and Acreage or Mileage
                                                           September, 1990

                                                 Segment         Segment        Segment          Total
                  Land Use Classification             1               2            3           Acreage
                  Residential:
                   Low-Density (11)**                 180             73             55           308
                   Medium-Density (12)                114             178           1002         1295
                   High-Density (13)                     0            23             16             38
                  Commercial (14)                      20             954            372         1346
                  Industrial (15)                                     67             18             85
                  Institutional (16)                                                 20             20

                   Sub-Total (Developed)              314          1294             1484         3092

                  Open urban land (18)                 47             34             50           132

                  Ag  riculture:
                   Cropland (21)                      211             137              5          354
                   Pasture (22)                          1                             1              2

                   Sub-Total (Agriculture)            212             137              7          356

                  Forest:
                   Deciduous (41)                     188             186            71           445
                   Evergreen (42)                      33             363            60           457
                   Mixed (43)                         224             447            24           695
                   Brush (44)                                         23               6            30

                   Sub-Total (Forest)                 445          1020              162         1626

                  Wetlands (60)                                                      58             58

                  Barren:
                   Bare Ground (73)                                   79               7            86

                                TOTAL                1019          2564             1766         5350

                  Road Mileage                         10.4           21.5           48.0           79.9

                   *Source: Data from MD Office of Planning
                  "Office of Planning Land Use Code Number


                                                                   10






                        Sawmill Creek Watershed (5350 acres)
                                      September, 1990

                                                          Under Plan Review
                                                               725 Acres
                                                                 14%









              W2 - Light Industrial 14%                W1 B - Industrial 24%



                                                    ....... .. .....
                                                                 C - General
                                                                 Commercial 4%


           R1 - Residential 27%
                                                            R5 - Residential 19%


                                   R2 - Residential 12%


                                         Figure 5
                  New Development in Plan Review Process
                   Source:Anne Arundel County Planning and Zoning Office










                 III. EXISTING CONDITIONS: THE EFFECTS OF LAND USE ON THE STREAM'S
                 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
                        The following paragraphs provide an overview of the conditions currently found in
                 the three segments of the watershed. For more details on environmental data please see
                 the Sawmill Creek Baseline Monitoring ReRort (192J1. Land use data summarized in Table
                 1 is derived from the Maryland Office of Planning analysis of 1989 high altitude
                 photography.

                 A. SEGMENT 1: Headwaters, Rural and Light Residential

                 Segment 1 includes the areas upstream of monitoring stations 1 and 2.

                 Length:              mainstem 1.4 miles, tributaries 2.1 miles

                 Drainage Area:       1018 acres (19% of the watershed)

                 Population:          1,893 (11% of the watershed)

                 Habitat Quality:     Fair (based on reference streams)

                 Problems:            Nutrient and bacteria concentrations are elevated in some areas.
                                      Maintaining the integrity of the stream corridor and its vegetative
                                      buffer during the construction on Route 100.

                        This segment is now characterized by a few subdivisions and a lot of relatively open
                 land with truck farms and some pig farms. Most of the stream corridor and floodplain are
                 wooded and in a relatively undisturbed condition. There are also significant areas of
                 wooded uplands. In contrast to the degree of urbanization in the rest of the watershed,
                 roughly 65% of this segment is agricultural or forested. The proximitry of some pig pens
                 to the stream has resulted in elevation of nutrient concentrations and high bacteria counts
                 at monitoring Station 1.

                 B. SEGMENT 2: Commercial and Light Industrial

                        Segment 2 encompasses the areas upstream of monitoring stations 3,4,5 and 6. The
                 boundaries of this segment are roughly defined by the new Route 100, 1 - 97. and BWI
                 airport.

                 Length:              mainstem 2 miles, tributaries 7.1 miles

                 Area:                2564 acres, (48% of the watershed)

                 Population:          4679, (27% of the watershed)

                 Habitat Quality:     Poor


                                                             12











                                            7


                                        lu
                                            6










                                        in




                                        E




                                              1965       1970      1975       1980      1985






                                            15
                                            14


                                             2


                                            10
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                                        C    13
                                        0

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                                        (D   5

                                        CL   13
                                        E    I
                                        :3
                                        0-




                                                1945 1950 1955 1 9M 1985 1970 1975 1 9W 1 9S5

                                                                    Yew


                                                          Figure 6
                           Baseflow and Ground-water Withdrawals
                           (Adapted from Achmad,1991)


                                                                13






















                52-




                50



              co 48


               (D
               (D
               LL 46-
               a                                      %1955,,-


              M 44
                     Muddy Bddge Branc
                                                       19841

                42


                                                          1990

                40
                   0       10      20       30       40      50       60      70
                                      Channel Width in Feet

                 vertical aids exaggerated


                                            Figure 7
                          Change in Stream Channel Depth
                          and Cross Section Due. to Erosion
                          From 1955 to 1990

                                                 14









               Problems:             The hydrologic cycle has been so disrupted by urbanization that the
                                     stream channel is unstable and the living resources are being
                                     eliminated. There are also indications of chemical contamination that
                                     could impact the stream biota at several sites.

                       Urban stormwater runoff, water withdrawals and construction of instrearn structures
               have created problems with: reduced baseflow (figure 6), flooding, stream channel erosion
               (figure 7), sedimentation, and turbidity. The cumulative impacts of these factors cause
               losses of instrearn and riparian habitat and severely degrade the water quality during storm
               events. Most of these environmental problems were caused by older development practices
               that did not consider the intricate relationship between land use, the natural hydrologic cycle
               (figure 8) and living resources within a stream system.

                       The largest concentration of municipal water supply wells is located in this segment.
               Portions. of some tributaries that formerly were perennial streams now are dry almost every
               summer.


                       The headwaters and most of the length of Muddy Bridge Branch is within this
               segment. This tributary has been exposed to almost every type of impact that an urbanized
               stream can experience. This subwatershed contains a large amount of government property
               and a large number of current or impending construction projects within its boundaries.

                       Currently there are a variety of opportunities for the government agencies to
               coordinate their regulator( and management actions in order to maximize stream restoration
               activities on this tributary. For these reasons, the Muddy Bridge Branch subwatershed is the
               focus of the first comprehensive restoration efforts described in later parts of this plan.

                       There is a large imarsh system on the mainstem of the creek above station 5.
               Although this wetland is somewhat isolated from public view it provides significant water
               quality benefits and wildlife habitat in this segment. Approximately 40% of segment 2 is
               still forested.


               C. SEGMENT 3 - Developed, Residential, High Density

               Segment 3 encompasses the areas upstream of monitoring stations 7,8 and 9.

               Length:               mainstern 1.6 miles, tributaries 3.3 miles

               Drainage Area:        1766 acres, (32% of the watershed)

               Population:           10,569, (62% of the watershed)

               Habitat Quality:      Fair in the mainstem, poor in the tributaries

               Problems:             Instream impacts are the 'same     as segment 2, however the problem
                                     sources are more diverse.



                                                              15































                                  Rain Cloud


                                         i@F     Evaporation
                                                 wride tailin2.
                               Precipitation                   Cloud Formation



                                                                  Evapor tion

                                                                         co
                                                                     t
                    Surface     r                            01
                                                                        E t
                Infiltration                                0                 a

                             Water  Table

                           Saturated Zone

                            Frean Ground Water
                                                                          00 'Psalt Ocean
                                                                         I Water
                               Confining Bed


              After Johnson, 1975.



                                               Figure 8
                                    The Hydrologic Cycle
                                                                         a




                                                          RNOT












                                                   16








                      This segment is characterized by high density, small lot subdivisions and commercial
               strips along the major roadways. These were built before the current environmental
0ï¿½             regulations were in place. There is little remaining open land; less than 10% of the segment
               is forested.

                      The headwaters ofthese sub-watersheds have been paved over and the upper parts
               of the tributaries have been converted into storm drains under the streets. The stream
               channels are being severely impacted by uncontrolled storrawater runoff from the storm
               drains in the upper reaches. There is some riparian vegetation remaining in the ravines that
               were too steep to be developed. There are indications that the surviving aquatic conununity
               is being stressed by-chemical contaminants.

                      The most significant natural feature of this segment is Wagner's Pond, with its 40
               acres of contiguous marshes and forested wetlands. 'Ibis is the site of the original sawmill
               dam.








































V


                                                             17










                 IV. COMMUNICATIONS AND PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT

                         From the outset of the Targeted Watershed Project, the active involvement of citizens
                 has been basic to the success of the effort. This section provides a summary of
                 communications efforts to raise public awareness and enlist citizen involvement.

                 A. Efforts to Date


                         To date, public communications have focused on six areas:

                         1. Informing the local public about the targeted watershed project through press
                         coverage and a brochure.

                         2. Enlisting citizen water7quality monitors. A team of monitors, originally under the
                         direction of the Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay, has been monitoring nine sites
                         along the creek since the fall of 1989.

                         3. Identifying opportunities for, and facilitating, restoration projects. With the
                         cooperation of Anne Arundel County, watershed, park, and stream cleanups have
                         been undertaken at public parks in the spring and fall of 1990 and 199 1. (In addition,
                         storm drains throughout the watershed were painted with "Dorf t Dump, Chesapeake
                         Bay Drainage" as part of an individual Eagle Scout project).

                         4. Outreach to special local groups (e.g., Glen Burnie Improvement Association,
                         Sawmill Creek Watershed Association, Pascal Senior Center), informing them of
                         special projects--e.g., citizen monitoring needs and enlisting their support.

                         5.  Directly assisting citizens experiencing problems in the watershed (e.g.,
                         Meadowbrook Road area erosion problems).

                         6. Public recognition of citizen efforts. In June 1991, the Sawmill Citizen monitors
                         were presented with Governor's Citation awards for their monitoring work.

                 B.      Current Focus: Adopt-a-Stream

                         In. July 1991, Maryland Save Our Streams received a $20,000 grant from the
                 Chesapeake Bay Trust (CBT), for a one-year project to launch a public education campaign
                 in the watershed. The CBT sum was to be supplemented by $10,000 in SOS funds, for a
                 total of $30,000. Save Our Stream's "Adopt-a-Stream" campaign, sponsored by the
                 Department of Natural Resources, provides the project framework, and involves the
                 following activities:





                                                               18










                       1. Slide show and educational materials:

                       Workshop series brochure. Includes a brief overview of the history and current
                       problems of the watershed, and outlines the citizen workshop series planned by SOS
                       to educate and involve citizens of the watershed through presentation of specific
                       adoption activities.
                       "Numbers to Know" door hanger. Local and state environmental telephone numbers
                       to report problems or acquire information.
                       "Six Simple Steps to Restoring Your Neighborhood Stream." This flyer raises
                       awareness of homeowner impacts on local streams by listing six household best
                       management practices.

                       2. Community outreach: Workshop series on Adopt-a-Stream acitivies. Workshops
                       will focus on storrawater management, sediment control, water-quality monitoring,
                       watershed surveys. Ongoing, from November, 1991 through Spring, 1992.

                C.  Future Plans
0                      In addition to continuing all ongoing efforts and moving forward with the stream
                adoption campaign, communication plans include:

                       1. Public information signs for park areas.

4P                     2. Ongoing efforts to highlight project milestones and successes in local press outlets.

                       3. Investigating the possibility of having SHA road signs identifying Sawmill Creek
                       on all,major arteries crossing the Creek (e.g., 1-97, Business 3, Route 2).

                       4. Identify appropriate projects for citizen involvement in specific restoration efforts
                       recommended by the technical teams. These projects could include litter, trash and
                       pet waste control and the revegetation of open lands.















                                                               19











                  V.     CONCLUSIONS

                         This document provides an overview of the problems and a general strat           Ieg y for
                  restoration efforts. Ile most obvious problems will be addressed first but the specific
                  restoration tactics will be developed later as separate work plans. This means that the
                  targeting team will be transformed into a number of working groups with overlapping
                  memberships. These groups will be responsible for specific restoration plans. Inter-
                  disciplinary communications should be maintained by this approach.

                         Examples of existing work. groups include: Stormwater Management, Instrearn Flow
                  and Water Supply, and Public Participation (see membership lists in the Appendix).
                  Additional work groups will focus on toxics and. future development.

                  The following paragraphs describe the major conclusions about the present environmental
                  conditions in the Sawmill Creek Watershed:

                  1. Environmental impacts to living resources result from the cumulative effects of many
                  human activities over time in the watershed. Although it is difficult to isolate the magnitude
                  of each cause and effect relationship between human activity and environmental impact,
                  some important relationships have been identified. Prioritization in the restoration strategy
                  relies on our understanding (whether general or specific) of these cause and effect
                  relationships.

                  2. Identification and prioritization of restoration. projects is an ongoing task. Initial
                  restoration plans will be based on the current data base and understanding of the processes
                  at work in the watershed. As our experience with restoration projects grows, this knowledge
                  will be used to target subsequent project efforts.

                  3. Each sub-watershed segment is unique. Approaching the watershed as a whole system
                  provides a logical way to try to protect and restore water quality and habitat for living
                  resources. Partitioning the watershed into three major segments based on geography and
                  land use makes the work more, manageable. It is essentialthat the specific restoration
                  projects be planned and built within the perspective of managing the whole watershed.

                  4. Segment 2 has received the most detailed attention because it has the most obvious
                  environmental problems and it will continue to be the location of the most development and
                  change. It also presents the greatest oppo    'rtunities, for protection and restoration efforts.
                  Restoration techniques that are successful in any segment will be adapted for use in the
                  other segments.

                  5. Many urban watershed restoration projects place the majority of project resources into
                  actions to abate and control stormwater runoff. This is a logical approach, since it is
                  possible to correct a number of problems at the same time. We have found this to be a



                                                                20








                good starting point for the restoration efforts in Segments 2 and 3, while keeping in mind
                the overall goals of water quality and habitat improvement.

                       It should be pointed out that large stormwater management structures are only part
                of the restoration picture. A mix of innovative stormwater control techniques and habitat
                improvements must also be considered here. It is too easy to think that a problem is solved
                just by spending a lot of time and money on concrete and steel.

                6. In Sawmill Creek, sediment transport is the main functional link between the hydrologic
                regime (water quality) and the physical structure of the stream channel (physical habitat)..
                Erosion and sedimentation patterns are also controlled by the presence of structures
                (culverts, channels, etc.) in the stream. In order to effectively alter any one of these factors,
                all must be considered in concert.

                7. Habitat conditions and living resources were among the first indicators assessed in order
                to establish the stream's health and vitality. Living resources numbers are depressed and
                their habitat is less diverse than would be found in a less impacted stream. The goal of the
                project is to increase both the numbers and diversity of species of fish and benthic organisms
                by improving the habitat and, water quality. The -success of restoration efforts for Sawmill
                Creek will be measured b, the results of periodic comparisons of the habitat and the aquatic
                biota as the restoration projects are implemented.

                8. The information sharing by the Targeted Watershed Project Team Members has
                identified and started to correct some of the gaps in the environmental management of this
                watershed.* The resource protection agencies can provide guidance for a holistic approach
                to restoration efforts. The agencies with operational responsibilities can expect advice and
                support for work that is consistent with the goals of restoring and protecting the living
                resources of the whole watershed.


                *Examples of the environmental improvements -that are attributable to targeting team
                communications. (This work has preceded any formal restoration projects):

                       0       Water supply managers were unaware of the impacts of significant ground-
                               water purnpage and the resulting reduced baseflow impacts on the stream
                               biota. They have now agreed to consult with living resource agencies on a
                               strategy to restore baseflow.

                       0       Provisions for fish passage and stream channel stabilization are now being
                               incorporated into five current highway widening designs.

                       0       Stormwater management and wetlands creation designs are being added to a
                               road widening project. MAA and SHA will share mitigation credits and cost
                               reduction benefits.

30


                                                               21









                        0      Waterway construction projects are now incorporating better designs for low-
                               flow conditions which are critical for stream biota. Traditionally the review
                               of construction projects has focused on reducing flooding risks to human
                               property.

                        0      Fish and invertebrate surveys and field bioassays have identified several
                               sources of chemical contamination that are probably reducing the diversity of
                               the instrearn biota.


                        0      Laboratory research has determined that the environmental impact of two
                               industrial chemicals used in the watershed has been significantly
                               underestimated by the federal regulatory agencies.

                        0      NPDES discharge permits for several businesses have been revised and
                               upgraded in order to reduce point source discharges.

                        0      County planners now consult with team biologists when reviewing the
                               environmental impacts of zoning waiver requests.



























                                                             22










                VI. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR OVERALL RESTORATION STRATEGY

                       During the first ye ar of the project there were a number of meetings of the entire
                targeting team. One of the main purposes of those meetings was to share information on
                environmental problems in the watershed. Another purpose was to clarify areas of
                responsibility and to identify gaps in our environmental management structure. During the
                second year of the project, the meetings have been smaller with the emphasis on resolution
                of specific issues that involve only some of the specialists on the team. This section provides
                a strategic overview of the restoration plans, for each of the sub-watershed seginen.ts.
                Detailed restoration actions will be presented in the site-specific plans developed by the
                targeting team work groups.

                       Environmental problems in the watershed generally fall into one of three categories:
                water quantity; water quality; or habitat degradation (instream or riparian). The restoration
                strategy will have a different emphasis in each one of the three segments. The focus in each.
                segment will depend on the special conditions in that area. While many issues are being
                addressed simultaneously, a natural prioritization of efforts has developed. Tbere is a
                consensus that water quantity, including both high and low flow issues, must be stabilized
                before water quality and habitat problems can be more completely resolved. Most of the
                water quantity issues are presented in the discussion on segment 2, but that discussion of
                the quantity problems is relevant to the whole Sawmill Creek watershed.

                       The Targeted Watershed Project has fostered considerable informal communication
                among the team members. The "networking" of the team members will be an important
                part of future implementation projects.

                A. SEGMENT 1: Headwaters, Rural and Light Residential

                       In terms of environmental protection, the intensity of development impacts is reduced
               .somewhat by low-density R1 & R2 zoning and by the increased environmental protection
                afforded by the current regulations. The most serious issues to be addressed are:

                1. Maintain adequate stream buffers that extend all the way to the headwaters of each
                tributary.

                2. Maintain existing lowdensity rural character by minimizing changes to the zoning rules
                that currently protect the environment.

0               3. Adhere to the stormwater management -goals of protecting water quality as well             as
                controlling water quantity in new development projects. 71is would not preclude innovative
                stormwater management techniques.





                                                              23








                  4. Identify and develop agricultural soil conservation and water quality plans for nutrient
                  management and water quality protection through the use of Maryland Agriculture Cost-
                  Share Program (MACS) that provides grants to farmers. Vigorously promote BMP
                  implementation, and implement stream habitat rehabilitation where appropriate.

                  5. Minimize the construction impacts of Route 100 by strict adherence to new sediment
                  control guidelines.

                         Most of these issues are primarily the responsibility of various agencies within Anne,
                  Arundel County Government, but MDA, MDE, SCS, MDOT and DNR can provide support
                  for these actions.


                         Lead agencies: Anne Arundel County, SCD, CES, MDA


                  B. SEGMENT 2: Middle Reach, Commercial and Light Industrial

                         While there are a variety of organizations responsible for stream protection,
                  restoration, and enhancement in this segment of the Sawmill Creek watershed, the State of
                  Maryland should take the lead, because it is one of the largest landowners and developers
                  in this segment of the watershed.

                         The consensus of the Targeted Watershed Project is that the first priority must be
                  the restoration of a more natural hydrologic cycle. As part of this restoration process, both
                  water quality and quantity issues must be addressed. Quality and quantity issues can not be
                  completely separated, but are listed individually below in order to clarify the topics to be
                  covered.


                  1. Water Quantity - episodic high flow problems

                         As a first step, a regional Stormwater Management Plan should be completed and
                  implemented for the Muddy Bridge Branch tributary.                 The Maryland Aviation
                  Administration has already contributed to the team's@ efforts by allocating funds to their
                  consulting engineers to prepare a report that summarizes the current conditions and
                  problems on Muddy Bridge Branch (Greiner, Inc. 1991). The Greiner report helps clarify
                  the range of stormwater management issues that need to be addressed in the regional
                  restoration plan.

                         The Sediment and Stormwater Administration (MDE) is currently drafting the
                  criteria for a regional stormwater management (SWM) plan for the Muddy Bridge Branch.
                  This will be an innovative initiative that will incorporate water quality and habitat
                  restoration, as well as flood protection for the entire sub-watershed. As the plan for this
                  tributary is refined, it can be used as a guide for resolving stormwater management
                  problems on a whole watershed basis. The major design criterion will be to coordinate and
                  control all SWM facilities so that discharges will -not cause excessive stream channel erosion.

                         Lead agencies: MDE, MDOT, DNR, Anne Arundel County

                                                                24









               2. Water Quantity - stream baseflow problems

                      Research by DNR and Anne Arundel County has determined that stream baseflow
               has been significantly reduced by extensive ground water pumpage in this watershed
               (Achmad, 1991). Baseflow must be restored in order to protect the living resources -and to
               reduce the magnitude of change between baseflow and stormflow, which has implications
               for stream geomorpholo@y. This work will require the implementation of. a coordinated
               management plan that involves actions by both the state and county.

                      In order to restore baseflow a water budget for present and projected conditions will
               have to be developed and implemented. This budget would be a management tool that
               provides water users with a way to assess the relative importance of all the elements that
               affect water quantity. It should include the following elements:

                      a.     minimum stream flow requirements for living resources
                      b.     water demand, including withdrawal rates from the different aquifers
                      C.     net water losses through sewer system export
                      d.     changes in ihfiltration and recharge rates, with an emphasis on the effects of
                             increases in. impervious surfaces and stormwater management
                      e.     regional water supply network
                      f.     water conservation and other alternatives
                             provisions for a shared data base for continuing management of water supply
                             issues


                      Some of the work on baseflow restoration is already in progress. A range of instrearn
               flow values for living. resources has been developed by a work group of the Targeted
               Watershed Project, and TVIGS has refined some of the techniques that it uses to forecast the
               effects of water withdrawals on stream flow. A well head protection program is also in the
               planning stages and this could provide useful information for the water management plan.

                      Lead agencies: DPM (WRA, MGS, TID), Anne Arundel County, MDE, FWS

               3. Water Quality Issues

                      Problems that are being addressed include:

                      a.     sediments
                      b.     nutrients
                      C.     toxic contaminants


                      Sediment loading   in this system is primarily due to stream bed and channel erosion,
               caused by excessive stormwater runoff. Most of this problem must be addressed by reducing
               the frequency and duration of flows that exceed the erosive velocity of the stream channel.
               This reduction in peak flows is the primary criterion of the stormwater


                                                            25









                 management plan discussed in #1 above. Monitoring and enforcement of erosion control
                 practices at construction sites is also an important requirement for sediment reduction.

                         Nutrients in this watershed come from a variety of nonpoint sources. A nutrient
                 reduction strategy is dependent on a quantitative description of the sources. The Monitoring
                 Team's reports will provide more details on the areas of most significant nutrient
                 contribution.


                         Several sources of chemicals   that are potentially damaging to the stream biota are
                 being investigated by the Targeted Watershed Project. A work group will have to quantify
                 sources of problems, instrearn effects and export rates of pollutants. In contrast to the plan
                 development approach of the previousitems, this will primarily be an investigative process
                 driven by field observations. An important part of the monitoring program is the ability to
                 do bioassays in the field. The DNR has a mobile laboratory that can help isolate the
                 sources of some water quality problems. Better coordination between monitoring and
                 regulatory agencies is already being developed.

                         Lead agencies: DNR, MDE, Anne Arundel County

                 4. Habitat for Living Resources

                         Habitat for living resources depends first of all on a stable, more natural stream
                 hydrology. After stream hydrology is addressed, a basin-wide plan for habitat restoration
                 can be refined. Potential restoration mechanisms include: bank stabilization; riparian buffer
                 management; reforestation; fish passage; instream habitat structures; and wetlands
                 replacement. This habitat restoration would involve work at both new construction and
                 mitigation sites. Some of these techniques are already being incorporated into existing
                 individual development plans. A good example of current work is the stabilizing of culvert
                 outfalls and providing for fish passage at several of the 15 highway stream crossings that are
                 currently being designed or constructed.

                         Although some specific habitat problems are already being addressed there are
                 several steps that can be taken to identify and prioritize habitat restoration projects:

                         0      Citizen monitors report erosion and water quality problems that they observe.
                                Save Our Streams could schedule training sessions for stream inventories that
                                will cover the watershed.
                         0      Water quality sampling by DNR (both routine and storm events) provides
                                information on problems.

                         The EPA rapid bioassessment method has been used by the monitoring team several
                 times to quantify and compare habitat conditions in different parts of the watershed, and
                 at reference sites on relatively undisturbed streams. This methodology is particularly useful
                 because it is a consistent way to rate the relative magnitude of a habitat problem and it can
                 provide insight as to what kind of restoration Work is needed.

                         Lead agencies: DNR, MDOT, FWS, Anne Arundel County

                                                               26









               C. SEGMENT 3 - Developed, Residential, High Density

                      Many of the plans developed for segment 2 would be appropriate for segment 3,
               particularly those relating to stormwater management. However, the availability of land and
               funding sources is more limited in segment 3. In order to make the best use of existing
               resources the following strategy is suggested.

                      1.     Divide segment 3 into short stream reaches (such as sections between road
                             crossings) and inventory problems.
                      2.     Quantify magnitude of problems on each stream reach.
                      3.     Identify all possible restoration alternatives.
                      4.     Prioritize alternatives based on expected stream improvements.

                      Based on existing knowledge of segment 3, the tributary behind the Glen Burnie
               Industrial Park (Station 9) would be the first target for stormwater management retro-fits
               and more detailed toxic testing.

                      Since the largest percentage of residents live in this portion of the watershed, this
               would be a prime area for public education and participation projects. The existing parks
               and woods and wetlands around Wagner's Pond offer many opportunities for public
               involvement. Anne Arundel County already owns or controls more than 40 acres around
               the pond. A boardwalk and interpretive trail along the pond could be developed. The
               county is also acquiring easements on many of the floodplains in the watershed.

                      The Anne Arundel County Department of Parks and Recreation has been working
               with MDOT on trails that will connect existing recreation facilities in and outside of the
               watershed. A master plan that highlights the stream system would enhance public awareness
               of the aquatic ecology and the linkage to the Bay. T'his watershed appears to be an ideal
               location for a Gree'nways project.

                      Lead Agencies: Anne Arundel County, MDE, DNR,. CBT, SOS
















                                                            27











                References:

                Achmad, G. 1991. Simulated hydrologic effects of the Patapsco aquifer system in Glen
                Burnie, Anne Arundel County, Maryland. 90p.

                Anne Arundel County. 1986. Sawmill Creek Watershed Management Plan. Prepared by
                Columbia Design Collective, Architects, Inc.

                Anne Arundel County Code. Article 21 Title 3 Subtitle 2 Section 3-202,c3,ii

                Anne Arundel County Tax Map, 1878

                Brugger, Robert J. 1988. Maryland: A Middle Temperament, 1634 - 1980. Johns Hopkins
                University Press.

                Evening Sunpaper. Feb 25, 1943, Baltimore, Maryland.

                Johnson, E.E. 1975 (for hydrologic cycle diagram) as seen in The quantity and natural
                quality of ground water in Maryland. 1987. Department of Natural Resources, Annapolis,
                MD.

                Kelly, Jacques, 1989. Anne Arundel County: A Pictorial History. The Do i g
                Company/Publishers 5659 Virginia Beach Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23502

                Marshall, D., S. Lehman, J. McCoy, F. Paul, John Christmas, D. Jordahl, M. Haddaway,
                N. Primrose. April, 1992. Sawmill Creek, Baseline Monitoring Report. October 1989
                September 1990. Department of Natural Resources, Annapolis, MD.

                Maryland Aviation Administration. April 1991. Muddy Bridge Branch Report: Stormwater
                and Erosion Issues. Prepared for Sawmill Creek Targeting Project by Greiner, Inc.

                United States Geological Survey. 1973. Professional Paper 822. Water Resources of the
                Delmarva Peninsula.

















                                                          28











                                                                                        APPENDIX ONE



                         OVERVIEW OF THE TARGETED WATERSHED PROJECT TASKS



                      Task 1. Develop Plan: Completed

                      Develop working plans for the overall project and for the separate watersheds. The
               strategy of using multi-agency, multi-disciplinary teams to conduct the project work was
               agreed upon, and initial recruitment and criteria development for choosing watersheds. was
               begun.

                      Task 2. Recruit and Build Teams: Completed.

                      identify, contact and obtain commitments from appropriate professionals to form the
               project teams. In each watershed there are monitoring and restoration team . Some
               individuals work on both monitoring and restoration, and some individuals work on all four
               watersheds. Each watershed restoration team has a Project Leader and a person who has
               the lead responsibility for communications tasks.

                      Task 3. Select Watersheds: Completed.
                      Criteria for evaluating candidate watersheds were developed and applied. Figure 2,
               on page 2, presents a map of Maryland showing the general location of the four targeted
               watersheds. The followffig list gives the county and predominant land uses of the four
               selected watersheds. A discussion of the principal reasons these watersheds were chosen
               is included at the beginning of the discussion of each watershed.

                      Sawmill Creek - jknne Arundel Countv. Land uses: Mixed: urban, residential,
               commercial, light industrial, and transportation.
                      Bird River - Baltimore Co       Land uses: Mixed: urban, residential, commercial,
               surface mining, light industrial, and transportation.
                      German Branch - Oueen Anne's Coun Land uses: agricultural.
                      Pingy/Allgyay Cr -.ek - Carroll Cou     Land uses: agricultural.

                      Task 4. Conduct 113aselini Monitoring.- Ongoing.

                      Monitoring has grown in importance, intensity and complexity as the project
               progresses. The purpose of the baseline monitoring work is to determine present conditions
               in the watersheds, identi@, environmental problems, and provide the basis for evaluating the
               effects of restoration and management actions.




                                                            29








                         Citizen volunteers have supplemented the monitoring work of the agencies in each
                 of the four watersheds. Citizen involvement is being funded by DNR and coordinated by
                 the Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay in three of the watersheds. In the Bird River
                 watershed, Save Our Streams and Baltimore County have an ongoing citizen monitoring
                 project that will be the framework of the citizen work there.

                         Task 5. Restoration: Being Planned and Implemented.

                         The purpose of the restoration work is to improve the water quality and habitat
                 conditions for living resources in these four watersheds. Factors that have degraded the
                 environment have been and will continue to be systematically identified. Existing programs
                 that are designed to address these problems have been identified. Watershed restoration
                 requires aMulti-agency and multi-disciplinary approach to analyzing, planning and carrying
                 out environmental management and restoration.

                         Implementing restoration actions is not a static, linear or "one time only' process.
                 Findings from the monitoring and from on-site evaluations of watershed conditions guide
                 the watershed restoration work.


                         Task 6. Communication: Ongoing.

                         The communications tasks serve two functions, one internal and one external. First,
                 frequent interagency communications in the form of formal and informal meetings and
                 correspondence are part of the routine operations of the monitoring and restoration teams.
                 Secondly,communications with the public will help develop stewardship and awareness of
                 their individual watersheds by providing background information about watersheds, the goals
                 of this project, periodic updates on the project's progress and to.describe opportunities for
                 environmental protection and stewardship activities.

                         Tasks 7. Review and Evaluate: Complete for 1990.

                         A record of the first year of the overall activities for the targeted watershed project
                 is summari d in an overview report. A separate report is being prepared on the findings
                 from the monitoring work. Evaluation and review will continue to be important to maintain
                 continuity within the project and to provide comparative information.










                                                               30










                                                                                                                                                                        APPENDIX IWO

                                                                                           Project Organization Chart







                                 FUNCTIONS                             ORGANIZATIONAL                   (with lines ofril      Iblillyandco"minication)


                                 Policy guidance                          Bay Worlegroup                                                      Bay Communications Werlegroup
                                 and oversight                                   Governors Office, OSP                                              Governors Office, OSP, MDA,
                                 Commitment .1                                   MDA. MOE, DNR, UMS-CEES                                            MOE. ONR. umS-CEES, Aces. cerr
                                 agency



                                 Project design,
                                 planning, recruitment                                                              Coordinator       Bartholomew, CPN
                                 coordination,                                                                      Adminstrator( Lehrman, ONR
                                 communication and
                                 administration.



                                 Watershed-spocific
                                 leadership for                    Sawmill Crook                   German a Inch                        PlnoV/Allow*V                      Bird    R IV r
                                 monitoring,                       Project Loader                  Project Loader                       Project Loader                     Project L*:dar
                                 Implementation,                     Lubbers, DNR                    Opel, MDA                            lard. MDA
                                 and evaluation.


                                 Design and carry out              Manitarin(L.                         Monitoring                                                            Horittartna
                                 monitoring in the                 Anne Arundel County:                                                   Carroll Countw                      ftle.1more County:
                                 watersheds and                    - Planning end Zoning                MbA, MOE, DNR                       - Water Resources                 - Enviraninental Protection
                                 reference streams.                - Public Works                       ACB,USFW    *S, USGS              MOA. MOE. OFIR,                       and Resource Managemen'
                                 Determine baseline                - Utilities                          Smithsonian                       ACa. USFWS. USGS                    MDA, MOE. DNR. OSP
                                                                   - Community Sm"cas                                                                                         ACB. SOS, USFWS, USGS
                                 conditions. Provide               MDA. MDE. DNR. GO,
                                 analysis of date.                 AC5. USIFWS. Uses



                                 identify causes of                Restoration Tearn                                                      Restoration Team
                                 problems, resources               Anne Arundol C*MtW                                                     Carroll Cowtir                      aillumore Countyr
                                 to solve, develop                 Planning and Zonim                MDA, SCS. SCD' CES.                  - Water Resources                    - En"rovirmentall Protectl w
                                 and evaluate               Lp     Public Works. Utilities,          ASCS, MOE. DNR. 60.                  MOA, SCS. SCO. CES.                   and Resvi 0 Monagel Still
                                 alternative protection            Comrounity Services               Queen ANWO County                    ASCS. MDE. DNR, GO. ACII            MDA, MOE. MR. 60, OSP
                                 and restoration                   MDA. MDE. MR. 60. OSP.             Planning, Ace                                                           SOS. Ace
                                 actions.                          ACD. USFWS;



                                 Oartholornew. 3    90.
                                                                                                                r




















                                                                                                     Restoration TERM                                                         Rmittarn


































                                                                                                                    31






                                                                                                            APPENDIX THREE

                                                    Sawmill Creek Restoration Planning Team
                                                                    May, 1992

             Anne Arundel County                                                       Telei)hone                 Fax

                     Seymour Bayuk (Utilities)                                         222-7500
                     Meo Curtis (P & Z)                                                222-7441                 222-7492
                     Ginger K Ellis (Planning)(AA Coordinator)                         222-7441                 222-7492
                     Ron Etzel (Public Works)                                          222-7028                 266-7427
                     Pam Jordan (Community Services)                                   222-1530
                     Tolly Peuleche (Rec & Parks)                                      222-3533                 222-3453

             MDA     Dan Bard (SCA, Piney/Alloway)                                     694-9290                 694-2618
                     Jeff Opel (SCD, QA, German Branch)                                758-3L36                 758-3687
                     Rowland Agbede (ORC)                                              841-5806

             MDE     Barbara C. Johnson (PEMO) (Communications)                        631-3003                 631-3936
                     John McCoy (WMA, CBP)                                             631-3681                 631-3873
                     Ken Pensyl (S&SA)                                                 631-3557                 631-4883
                     Mark Daly (S&SA)                                                  631-3566                 631-4883

             kNR     Terry Clark (WRA)                                                 974-3675                 974-2618
                     Michael Bowman (WGM)                                              974-3151                 974-2600
                     Ron Klauda (CBRM)                                                 974-3782                 974-3770
                     Stuart Lehman (WGM)                                               974-5780                 974-2600
                     Larry Lubbers (WGM, Project Leader)                               974-2671                 974-3770
                     Dick Lucas (WRA)                                                  974-3675                 974-2618
                     Gary Setzer (WRA)                                                 974-3675                 974-2618
                     Ann Sloan (Greenways)                                             974-3654

             GO      Cecily Majerus                                                    974-3004                 974-3435
                     Eleanor G. Falk                                                   974-5300                 974-3275

             MDT     Barbara Grey (MAA, OP&E)                                          859-7090                 859-5440
                     Ed Stein (SHA, OCE)                                                                        333-1045
                     Steve Lucchesi & Susan Rudy (Greiner)                             561-0100                 561-1150
                     Missy Drissel (MDOT, OPPA)                                        859-7934                 859-7933

             MOP     Joe Tassone                                                       225-4562                 225-4480


             University - CEES
                     Wayne Bell                                                        228-9250                 228-3843

             Federal Aaencles
                     Tim Hall (USFWS)                                                  224-2732                 224-2781
                     Rich Mason (USFWS)                                                224-2732                 224-2781
                     Jim Wist (SCDAACo)                                                222-7822
                     John Nichols (NMFS)                                               226-5771

             Other Omanizations
                     Joy Bartholomew (CPN)                                             855-1876                 586-9226
                     Lynn CegeLski (ACB, citizen monitor)                              760-5776
                     Kathleen Ellett (ACB)                                             267-0061 or 0152         267-0292 or 0918          A
                     Jonathan Pearson (SOS)                                            969-0138 or 0084         969-0135                  *k
                     Mike Hirshfield (CBF)                                             268-8816,
                     Richard R. Leader (CB Trust)                                      974-2941                 269-0387
                     Rick MacDonald (ACB, Citizen Monitor)                             760-7355
                     Robert Ryan (Balt. Co. DEPRM, Bird River)                         887-2904
                                                                                                                                          A

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                                                                                                       APPENDIX FOUR


                 Sawmill Creek Stormwater Management                                 Sawmill Creek Public Participation
                         Work Group                                                          Work Group

                 AA Co                                                               AA Co
                          Ginger K. Ellis (Planning)                                         Ginger K. Ellis (Planning)
                          Ron Etzel (Public Works)                                           Pam Jordan (Comm. Services)
                 MDE                                                                         Tolly Peuleche (Rec. & Parks)
                          John McCoy (WMA, CBP)                                      MDA
                          Ken Pensyl, Mark Daly                                              Rowland Agbede (ORC)
                           and Dan O'Leary (S&SA)                                    MDE
                 DNR                                                                         Barbara C. Johnson (PEMO)
                          Larry Lubbers (WGM)                                                Betty Myers (PEMO)
                          Ken Yetman (WGM)                                           DNR
                          David Walbeck (WRA, NTW)                                           Stuart Lehman (WGM)
                          Margie Whilden (WPik, NTW)                                         Larry Lubbers (WGM)
                          Ross Beschner (WRA, FPM)                                           Amn Sloan (Greenways)
                 MDOT                                                                GO
                          Barbara Grey (MAA, DP&E)                                           Cecily Majerus
                          Ed Stein (SHA, OCE)                                                Eleanor G. Falk
                          Susan Rudy (Greiner, Inc)                                  Federal Agencies
                          Jim Gracie (Brightwater Consultants)                               Rich Mason (USFWS)
                          Kirk McClelland (SHA)                                              Jim Wist (SCD, AACo)
                          Linda Kelbaugh (SHA')                                      Other Organizations
                          Paul Wiebke (SHA)                                                  Joy Bartholomew (CPN)
                 Federal Agencies                                                            Kathleen Ellett (ACB)
                          Tim Hall (USFWS)                                                   Lynn Cegelski (ACB, citizen
                          Jim Wist (SCID;, AACo)                                               monitor)
                 Other Organizations                                                         Richard R. Leader (CB Trust)
                          Jack Pickwoad (McCrone)                                            Jonathan Pearson (SOS)
                          Cecily Majerus (GO)                                                Mike Hirshfield (CBF)
                          Missy Drissel (MDOT.,'OPPA)

                                          Sawmill Creek Instream Flow & Water Supply Work Group

                                                            AA Co
                                                                    Ginger K. Ellis
                                                            DNR     Meo Curtis
                                                                    Larry Lubbers
                                                                    Stu Lehman
                                                                    Terry Clark
                                                                    Richard Lucas
                                                                    Fred Mack
                                                            MDE
                                                                    John McCoy
                                                            MDOT
                                                                    Barbara Grey
                                                                    Ed Stein
                                                            Federal Agencies
                                                                    Tim Hall






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                                                                                APPENDIX FIVE


                                                  ACRONYMS

               ACB, - Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay
               ASCS - Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service
               BMP - Best Management Practice
               CBRM - Chesapeake Bay Research and Monitoring
               CBT - Chesapeake Bay Trust
               CES - Cooperative Extension Service
               CEES - Center for Environmental and Estuarine Studies
               CPN - Center for Policy Negotiation
               DEPRM - Department of Environmental and Resource Management, Baltimore County
               DNR - Department of Natural Resources
               EPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency
               FP&W - Forest Parks and Wildlife Administration
               GO - Governor's Office
               MACS - Maryland Agricultural Cost Share Program
               MDA - Maryland Department of Agriculture
               MDE - Maryland Department of Environment
               MES - Maryland Environmental Service
               MAA - Maryland Aviation Administration
               MBB - Muddy Bridge Branch
               NMFS - National Marine Fisheries Service
               ORC - Office of Resource Conservation
               OSP - Office of State Planning
               PEMO - Public Education and Media Office
               PPER - Power Plant and Environmental Review
               SCD - Soil Conservation District
               SC&E - Small Creeks and Estuaries Program
               SCS - Soil Conservation Service
               SHA - State Highway Administration
               SOS - Save Our Streams
               SSA - Sediment and Stormwater Administration
               SWM - Stormwater Management
               UMS-CEES - University of Maryland System - Center for Environmental and Estuarine
                                                                                         Studies
               USFWS - United States Fish and Wildlife Service
               USGS - United States Geological Survey
               WRA - Water Resources Administration
               WMA - Water Management Administration




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               The Targeted Watershed Project is a multi-disciplinary project to demonstrate stream
             restoration and watershed protection methods in selected small watersheds in Maryland.
             The Maryland Governor's Office, Department of Natural Resources, Maryland Department
             of the Environment, Maryland Department of Agriculture, Maryland Office of Planning,
             County Governments, Federal agencies, citizens and businesses are cooperating partners in
             the project.









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