[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]

















                ASSESSMENT OF NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN TRIBUTARIES TO

                                       THE GREAT BAY ESTUARY




                                            FINAL REPORT



                       Submitted to the New Hampshire Coastal Program, Office of State Planning

                       as part of a cooperative, interagency monitoring effort for the 6217 program






                                                     by

                                      Stephen H. Jones and Richard Langan

                                          Jackson Estuarine Laboratory

                                         University of New Hampshire





              TD
              224
              .G72
              J66




              This report was funded in part by a grant from the Office of State
              Planning, New Hampshire Coastal Program, under the auspices of the
              National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Award
              Number NA370ZO277-01.
                                                                                  
                                                                               
                                                                               
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             FINAL REPORT FOR NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION TRIBUTARY SAMPLING


            INTRODUCTION


                  In August of 1993, a project was initiated to monitor water quality conditions
            in both freshwater and tidal portions of the tributaries of the Great Bay Estuary. The
            purpose of the project was to gather broad scope information on spatial and
            temporal aspects of NPS pollution in the watershed, and to determine the effects of
            storm events on the levels of surface water contamination. The project was a
            cooperative effort between the NH Dept. of Environmental Services, NH Div. of
            Public Health Services, NH Fish and Game Dept., Jackson Estuarine Laboratory
            (UNH) and the NH Office of State Planning.


            METHODS


                  Thirteen sites in the Great Bay watershed in addition to a site at the Hampton
            Harbor Inlet, area were sampled and analyzed following eight rain events by JEL
            personnel, and eight times under a random (meteorological) sampling protocol
            @958P)-by DES@, OSP and DPHS personnel (Figure 1). The sites consisted of one
            freghi@ater and one tidal site each in the Cocheco, Bellamy, Salmon Falls, Lamprey,
            Exeter-Squarnscott and Oyster Rivers, with additional tidal sites in the lower
            Piscataqua River and the Hampton Harbor Inlet. Each month, a sample from a
            freshwater site and a tidal site sample were split for comparative nutrient and
            microbial analyses by the JEL and State laboratories. The criterion used for defining a
            storm sampling date was > 0.25 " of rain prior to sampling on the sample date and
            during the previous day.
                   Measurements of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH and
            observations of weather conditions were recorded at the sampling times. Separate
            containers were used for collection of water samples for microbial and suspended
            solids/nutrient analyses. Storm sample collection and processing methods were
            conducted according to JEL SOP's 1.05 and 1.06. Nutrient analyses for JEL samples
            were done using Lachat Method 11-107-06-1-C for ammonium, method 30-107-04-1-
            A for nitrite/nitrate and the wet chemistry method of Parsons et al (1981) for
            orthophosphate. Microbial analysis of JEL samples involved standard membrane
            filtration methods using mTEC agar for detection of fecal coliforms and Escherichia
            coli and mE agar for detection of enterococci.











            RESULTS


            Nutrients and physical parameters

                  Since nutrient analyses were performed by different laboratories for the storm
            samples and randomly collected samples, sample splits were used to compare results
            generated by the DES and JEL analytical laboratories. Results of the split sample
            analyses are presented in Tables 1 through 3. Regressions of the results from the
            two laboratories as well as scatter plots of JEL data vs. DES data are included in these
            tables. The best R2 value was obtained for N03 (.91) (Table 2), followed by NH4
            (.78) (Table 1) and P04 (.58) (Table 3). The primary differences in results for the
            nitrogen species were associated with the lower concentrations, probably due to the
            high detection limits (6.3 @tM NH, 1.4 @tM N03) in the LACHAT methods used by
            DES. There was poor agreement in results for the P04 methods, at both the high
            and low end. Though split samples were not run for suspended solids, the DES
            data, particularly the estuarine sites, were consistently higher than the JEL data.
            Nevertheless, the data were analyzed as (1) a combined data set; (2) random
            sampling compared to storm sampling; (3) random samples that were collected
            within 24 hours of substantial rainfall (11/2/93, 5/17/94 and 6/14) were combined
            with s-torm sampling and compared as "wet" samples to the remaining random or
              ryT -$am les --Storm's amp les which were found to violate the criteria for "wet"'
            condifibris (5/3/94 and 6/22/94) were included in the "dry" data.
                  Combined nutrient and suspended solids data from the random sampling
            and storm sampling are presented in Table 4. Figures 1A-4 illustrate the site means
            for all samples for the ten month period. For ammonium, the highest
            concentrations were observed in the freshwater and estuarine site in the Cocheco
            and Salmon Falls rivers, the estuarine site in the Squarnscott River, and the
            freshwater site in the Oyster River (Fig. IA). The highest nitrate concentrations
            were measured in the freshwater sites in the Cocheco and Salmon Falls rivers, with
            the estuarine sites in the same two rivers also showing high concentrations. The
            tidal site in the Squarnscott River and the freshwater site in the Oyster River also
            had elevated N03 by comparison to other sites (Fig. 2). With the exception of the
            Salmon Falls and Cocheco rivers, P04 levels were generally low at the freshwater
            sites, and elevated in the estuarine sites in the Cocheco, Lamprey, Squarnscott and
            Oyster rivers (Fig. 3). Total suspended solids were consistently lower in the
            freshwater sites of each river. Highest concentrations were measured in the
            Squamscott tidal site, followed by the Lamprey River, Oyster River and Hampton
            Harbor (Fig 4).
                  Storm sampling data (Table 5) were analyzed independently from the random


                                                     2







            samples, and station means are presented in Figures 5 through 11. The highest
            ammonium concentrations were measured in the freshwater site in the Salmon
            Falls River. Both Cocheco River sites, the tidal sites in the Salmon Falls,
            Squarnscott and Oyster rivers, and the freshwater site in the Oyster River also
            showed elevated ammonium concentrations (Fig. 5). The freshwater sites in the
            Salmon Falls and Cocheco also had the highest concentrations of nitrate, followed
            by their tidal counterparts and the tidal Squamscott and freshwater Oyster river sites
            (Fig. 6). As was the case with the combined data analysis, P04 concentrations were
            generally lower in the freshwater sites with the exception of the Salmon Falls and
            Cocheco rivers. The highest P04 concentrations were found in the tidal portions of
            the Squarnscott, Oyster and Lamprey rivers (Fig. 7). Suspended solids following
            storms were all quite low in the freshwater sites, and with the exception of the
            Squarnscott and Lamprey river tidal sites, quite low at the tidal sites as well (Fig. 8).
            Percent organic content was high (45-67%) at the freshwater sites with low
            suspended solids concentrations, and from 17-32 % at the tidal sites with higher
            solids concentrations (Fig. 9). Mean salinities following rain storms for the tidal
            sites are shown in Fig. 10. The highest salinities were measured in the lower
            Piscataqua, Bellamy and Oyster River mouths, and the inlet to Hampton Harbor.
            Similar salinities were measured in the Salmon Falls, Cocheco, Squarnscott and
            Lamprey Rivers (Fig. 10). Mean pH for the freshwater sites (7.1-7.3), and tidal sites
            @@77;9-) were similar (Fig 11).
                 :Nutrient and suspended solid data from the random sampling are presented
            in Table 6, and comparisons of the sample site means for storm samples and
            random samples are shown in Figures 12 through 15. For most sites, the same
            pattern of ammonium concentrations (in terms of which stations had the greatest
            mean concentration of ammonium) was observed for random and storm samples,
            with storm samples generally higher. The exceptions to this pattern were for sites
            with storm sample means lower than the DES detection limit (Fig. 12). The station
            means for nitrate concentrations were very similar for the sites with higher
            concentrations, and higher in the randorn samples at sites with lower
            concentrations (Fig 13). Storm sample concentrations of P04 were higher than the
            random samples for all the freshwater sites and the tidal sites in the Cocheco,
            Salmon Falls, Oyster and Piscataqua Rivers. Mean storm P04 concentrations were
            lower than the random sample means in the Bellamy, Lamprey, and Squamscott
            rivers and Hampton Harbor tidal sites (Fig. 14). Mean TSS concentrations in both
            storm and random samples were similarly low for all the freshwater sites, and with
            the exception of the tidal Squarnscott River site, much higher in the random
            samples than the storm samples (Fig. 15).
                  In examining actual rainfall amounts for the sampling dates (Table 6A), three
            of the random sample dates fit the rainfall criteria for storm sampling (11/2/93,

                                                     3









            5/17/93 and 6/14/93), while two of "storm sample" dates did not meet the criteria
            (5/3/94 and 6/22/94). In order to obtain a more accurate picture of potential
            differences in contaminant conditions between sampling dates that followed rain
            events and those conducted during a dry period, the "wet" samples from the
            random data set were added to the storm sample data set, and the "'dry" storm
            samples were added to the random data set, thus creating a more accurate
            assessment of wet and dry conditions. Sample site means were calculated for the
            nutrients and suspended solids for the two conditions. Comparisons are presented
            in Figures 16 through 19. Rearranging the ammonium data in this way did not
            change the relationship that was observed for the storm-random data (Figs 12 and
            16). The changes observed for mean N03 concentration , however, were that N03
            was higher in the "dry" samples at the freshwater sites in the Cocheco and Salmon
            Falls rivers., and higher in the "wet"' samples at the tidal Squamscott River site.
            Otherwise, the site comparisons did not change with the data transformation (Figs.
            13 and 17). Site means for P04 concentration and TSS concentration in the "'dry"-
            ffwet" comparisons were no different than the storm-random comparisons (Figs. 14
            and 18, Figs. 15 and 19).
                   Individual sampling dates for all the nutrient and suspended solids data
            combined were plotted to see if there were any obvious temporal trends. This type
            of analysis would not be definitive because of the sampling gap between December
                     I  For each plot (Figures 20-31) a single parameter (ie. NH4) at freshwater
            and corresponding tidal sites for two tributaries were plotted vs time. The two tidal
            only sites (GB 13 and FIH 1A) were plotted together. For ammonium at the Cocheco
            and Salmon Falls river sites, the highest concentrations were measured in the fall,
            though the concentrations in the freshwater portion of the Salmon Falls River
            appear to be independent of season (Fig. 20). No temporal trend was observed for
            ammonium concentration in the Bellamy and Lamprey Rivers, though the
            November-December concentrations seemed lower that expected (Fig 21). In the
            Exeter-Squarnscott and Oyster Rivers, a single very high ammonium concentration
            was observed in the freshwater portion of the Oyster River in December. Otherwise,
            the only observable temporal trend was that concentrations were lowest in April-
            May (Fig. 22), probably coincident with the spring phytoplankton bloom. No
            ammonium concentration trend was obvious from the Piscataqua River and
            Hampton Harbor data, other than that the two sites appeared to have similar
            variation, and lowest concentrations were observed in the late fall and early spring
            (Fig. 23). Nitrate levels throughout the year were consistently higher in the
            freshwater sites in the Cocheco and Salmon Falls Rivers, and concentrations at all
            sites, both tidal and fresh, were lowest in early spring, and highest in freshwater sites
            in the early fall (Fig. 24). Nitrate concentration in the Bellamy and Lamprey Rivers


                                                       4








             was highest in the late fall and winter, and highest at that time in the freshwater
             portions of those rivers. Lowest concentrations were observed at all sites in the
             spring (Fig. 25). A similar temporal trend was observed in the Exeter-Squarnscott
             and Oyster rivers, though the highest nitrate concentrations were measured in the
             tidal Squamscott River and freshwater Oyster River sites in the fall (Fig. 26). At the
             Hampton and Piscataqua River sites, the highest nitrate concentrations were
             measured in fall and winter, and the lowest in spring (Fig. 27). A single high
             phosphate concentration measured in the tidal Cocheco River sample in early
             September was the exception to the high late fall-low spring trend in the Cocheco
             and Salmon Falls Rivers. The freshwater Cocheco River site was higher for most
             sample dates than the others (Fig. 28). P04 concentrations in the freshwater sites in
             the Bellamy and the Lamprey rivers were lowest in the summer and early fall,
             increased in the winter months, and decreased again in the early spring. This trend
             was not as clear cut for the tidal sites in the Bellamy and the Lamprey rivers, and
             concentrations were also quite a bit higher in the fall and winter (Fig. 29). The
             Exeter-Squamscott River and Oyster River P04 concentrations were very similar,
             both for temporal trends and freshwater- tidal differences, to the Bellamy and
             Lamprey Rivers (Figs. 29 and 30). In the Hampton and Piscataqua River samples,
             the only noticeable temporal trend was that the early spring samples had the lowest
             P04 concentrations.


             Bacteiidl- Indicators


                   The same approach for data analysis given the nutrient data was applied to
             the bacteriological data. The data for fecal coliforms, E. coli and enterococci
             concentrations from split samples are presented in Table 7. Geometric means for
             analyses from the two labs showed relatively good agreement. Generally, higher
             fecal coliform and E. coli levels were detected in the freshwater sites and lower
             levels in tidal sites at both labs. For enterococci, the State numbers were higher for
             freshwater compared to tidal sites, while little difference was observed for JEL
             analyses. Thus, the overall mean for State enterococci levels is higher than that for
             JEL data.
                   Because E. coli is one of numerous bacterial species that constitute fecal
             coliforms, their levels should be lower than fecal coliform levels. This was the case
             for JEL analyses, but the fecal coliform levels for the State analysis were consistently
             lower than E. coli levels. This was a function of DES using mFC medium for
             detecting fecal coliforms and mTEC medium for E. coli, while JEL used mTEC for
             both. The mTEC method could be expected to give higher detectable colonies
             because it involves a 2-step temperature incubation designed to better detect injured

                                                         5








             bacteria, and it also uses a smaller pore size (0.45 gM) filter compared to the mFC
             method (0.7 gm). Thus, the mTEC method could be expected to detect more injured
             and smaller cells compared to the mFC method. In many instances in the
             following presentation of bacterial results, the State fecal coliform concentrations are
             presented as 'modified' data. For this modification, fecal coliform levels that were
             less than reported E. coli levels were considered to be equal to E. coli levels.
                   The split sample results are analyzed separately for each indicator in Tables 8-
             10. Comparison of JEL fecal coliform data to raw State data gave an r2 value of 0.45,
             indicative of a poor direct relationship between results of analyses from the same
             sample (Table 8). After modifying the State data as previously described, an
             excellent relationship was indicated between labs, with an r2 value of 0.97 for all
             data. Inspection of specific pairs of numbers shows a consistent trend for each pair,
             with high or low JEL numbers corresponding to the same for State data. A strong
             direct relationship for analyses from the two labs is expected, and modification of
             the State data for better intepretation of results appears to be justifiable from this
             regression analysis. A similar strong direct relationship between State and JEL E.
             coli analyses is presented in Table 9. The results for the two indicators are expected
             to be similar because of the similarity in methods. The enterococci splits did not
             agree as well. Generally, high or low JEL data were also high or low for
             corresponding State data, although the State numbers were often higher than
             cpcre  -  ding JEL numbers (Table 10). However, there were a few instances where
                  spon ,
             pair6cl-11ata- were- -different by a large degree. Of particular concern are two pairs
             where one lab reported its highest level and the other lab reported a much smaller
             level. As shown in the graph, these opposing, highly variable results can ruin the
             overall relationship between the two sets of data, as reflected in the r2 value (0.36).
             These differences could be a function of variability within a split sample if the
             splitting or initial sampling procedure is faulty. More likely, differences in
             analytical methods or sample handling procedures between labs could cause
             observed differences.
                    Data for the JEL storm sampling are presented in Table 11, and data for the
             State random sampling are presented in Table 12. Geometric averages of the three
             indicators for data combined are summarized in Table 13, and the geometric means
             for the combined data from the different sites are illustrated in Figures 32-34.
             Results with raw and modified State data are presented in Figures 32 and 32A,
             respectively, with the only difference being higher overall levels in Figure 32A
             compared to Figure 32. The data show high overall levels at the freshwater sites in
             the Oyster River, Exeter River, and especially the Cocheco River. These areas are the
             most urbanized of the freshwater sites. Other freshwater and tidal sites had
             relatively low levels, except for the tidal site in the Lamprey River, which is much
             more influenced by urban Newmarket compared to the freshwater site. High fecal

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            coliform levels at this site have been observed consistently for a number of years,
            and independent efforts are being made to identify sources. As expected, the same
            trend was observed for E. coli results (Fi-ure 33). Overall enterococci levels were
            not as high as for fecal coliforms and E. coli, so differences between sites were not as
            pronounced. The four sites with the highest levels were the same four as with fecal
            coliforms, but the highest levels were observed at the Oyster River freshwater site,
            with the freshwater Cocheco River site next highest.
                   On two dates, the State also sampled upstream from the freshwater sites in
            the Cocheco, Oyster and Exeter rivers to potentially bracket sources of
            contamination. Inspection of specific data for all three indicators at the different
            sites shows upstream sites in the Cocheco and Exeter rivers were more
            contaminated than the routine sites on 5/17, but not on 6/14. Levels of E. coli were
            slightly higher at the Oyster River upstream site on 6/14. In the Cocheco River, the
            furthest upstream site (22-CCH) had somewhat lower levels of indicators compared
            to the middle site (11-CCH), and more comparable to the routine site.
                   A major focus of this study was to see if contaminant levels are relatively
            higher following rainfall events at the different sites. The JEL sampling was
            designed to follow rainfall events, and the geometric means for these samples are
            summarized in Table 13 and illustrated in Figures 35-37. Storm sample means for
            fecal coliforms a7nd E. coli are all higher than the means for the combined data,
                Pt -or the tidal. sites at the mouths of the Bellamy and Oyster rivers (Table 13).
            This: sUg.'ges"ts that rainfall increases contamination of the sites. The highest fecal
            coliform and E. coli levels were observed in the freshwater sites of the Oyster,
            Exeter, and Cocheco rivers, and the tidal site in the Lamprey River (Figures 35-36).
            In addition, levels in the tidal site of the Cocheco River were also relatively high,
            with E. coli levels higher than in the freshwater site. The same relationships
            between levels at freshwater compared to corresponding tidal sites as observed for
            the combined data are observed for the storm data, except for the tidal site storm
            data being higher than the freshwater sites in the Salmon Falls and Cocheco rivers
            for E. coli and for the fecal coliform data at the Salmon Falls River sites. Other sites
            with relatively high levels are the tidal site in the Salmon Falls River and the
            freshwater site in the Bellamy River. Enterococci levels from JEL data were not as
            high compared to the combined data as with the other two indicators (Table 13),
            reflecting the relatively higher levels reported by the State. Again, the highest sites
            were the same as with the combined data, with the two highest sites being the
            freshwater Oyster River site and the tidal Lamprey River site (Figure 36). The same
            relationships between levels at freshwater compared to corresponding tidal sites as
            observed for the combined data are observed for the storm data.
                   The geometric means from the random samples analyzed by the State are also


                                                       7








             presented in Table 13. These samples represent for the most part dry samples, and
             the geometric means are compared to JEL storm sample results in Figures 38-40.
             The two sets of data do not give similar spatial trends for different fecal coliform. and
             E. coli levels, except that the freshwater site in the Cocheco River again had the
             highest levels (Figures 38-39). The sites with the next two highest levels were the
             tidal sites at the mouths of the Oyster and Bellamy rivers, sites that had the lowest
             levels for storm samples. For enterococci, the levels were again all relatively low, so
             differences among sites were minimal (Figure 40). The sites with the three highest
             means are the freshwater sites in the Cocheco and Oyster rivers, similar to storm
             samples, and the tidal site in the Oyster River. For all three indicators, levels at the
             tidal sites on the Salmon Falls, Cocheco and Lamprey rivers were all relatively low,
             whereas these sites had high levels of indicators following storm events. This
             suggest that these sites may be most affected by runoff- associ a ted contamination.
                    A more accurate way of determining the effects of rainfall events is to
             compare results for samples collected according to the criteria upon which storm
             sampling was based. For this, rainfall data from the Durham station were used to
             determine if rainfall on the day of sampling and the previous day combined was
             >0.25 inches, in which case the sample date could be considered a storm, or 'wet'
             sampling date, and all other dates (<0.25 inches) are considered 'dry' dates. Storm
             and random data were reorganized to meet these criteria, and the geometric means
             f;@i---the--differ-er@t---'sites are summarized in Table 13. Comparisons of dry vs. wet
             concefttra'tions for the three indicators are illustrated in Figures 41-43. For all three
             indicators at all sites, levels for all geometric means for wet samples were greater
             than the means for dry samples, although to varying extents. This analysis did not
             show higher dry-date levels for the two tidal sites in the Oyster and Bellamy rivers,
             as did the storm vs. random data analysis. The sites with the four highest means for
             wet samples are the freshwater sites in the Cocheco, Exeter, and Oyster rivers and
             the tidal site in the Lamprey River for all three indicators (Figures 41-43). The
             difference between wet and dry levels at these four sites was most striking for all
             three indicators, illustrating the apparent large influence of runoff on contaminant
             levels. Again, these sites are all directly influenced by densely populated urban
             areas, while the other tributaries, including the Bellamy, Salmon Falls, and
             (freshwater) Lamprey rivers are impacted by less densely-populated upstream areas.
                    Concentrations of the three bacterial indicators on individual dates were
             plotted chronologically to see if there were any apparent seasonal or other temporal
             trends. The data set is not extensive, with no sampling in July or January through
             March. For each graph (Figures 44-55), data for a single indicator at freshwater and
             tidal sites for two tributaries are plotted together. As expected, the highest levels
             were apparent during wet sampling dates for fecal coliforms (Figures 44-47). The


                                                         8








             highest levels (>1000 FC/100 ml) were observed on wet dates during autumn (9/7,
             9 / 27, 11 / 18) and late spring (6 / 13) for the freshwater sites in the Cocheco, Exeter and
             Oyster rivers (Figures 44 and 46) and the tidal sites in the Salmon Falls (Figure 44),
             Bellamy (Figure 45) and Piscataqua (Figure 47) rivers. These four dates had four of
             the five rainiest periods prior to sampling of the nine wet dates, suggesting that
             amount of rainfall may have some direct relationship to level of contamination.
             Using modified data, fecal coliforms >1000/100 ml were also observed at the
             freshwater Cocheco River site on 8/24/93, a dry date. E. coli levels followed similar
             trends as observed for fecal coliforms (Figures 48-51). Generally, levels were highest
             on wet dates, with highest levels observed on three of the autumn dates and 6/13/94
             at the same sites as for fecal coliforms. The trends for enterococci were not as
             distinctly related to wet/dry conditions (Figures 52-55). The highest levels (>250/100
             ml) were observed at a number of sites on 9/27, 11/18 and 12/6, the top three rainiest
             dates, and 11 /2, another wet sample date. The levels were consistently low for all
             sites on 12/20, 4/19 and 5/3, all dry dates sampled by the State (Figures 52-55).




             DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION


             Nu-trien-ts


                    The data gathered for this project provide a broad scope assessment of the
             spatial distribution of potential sources of nutrients in the Great Bay watershed.
             Both the random and storm sampling data indicate that certain tributaries are
             contributing greater amounts of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus than
             others. The problem areas for ammonium are the fresh and tidal portions of the
             Cocheco and Salmon Falls rivers (particularly the freshwater Salmon Falls site), the
             tidal portion of the Squamscott River, and both fresh and tidal portions of the Oyster
             River. The freshwater portions of the Cocheco and Salmon Falls rivers by far had
             the highest nitrate concentrations, with the tidal portions of these rivers and the
             freshwater Oyster and tidal Squamscott rivers also showing elevated levels. Elevated
             phosphate levels were observed in the freshwater and tidal Cocheco samples, and
             the tidal Lamprey, Oyster and Squamscott samples. Suspended solids were the
             highest in the tidal Squamscott River samples, and very low in the freshwater
             samples. The other tidal sites were all higher than their freshwater counterparts,
             indicating either that there are sources of suspended sediments to the tidal areas or
             that resuspension is occurring.
                    Comparison of storm sampling data with random data and the "wet" vs "dry"
             data, indicates that some sites had elevated ammonium concentrations following

                                                        9








           storm events. The sites with lower concentrations, however, did not appear to
           increase following rain events. Very little difference in mean nitrate concentration
           was observed between storm and non-storm samples and differences in P04 levels
           were inconsistent. The observed inconsistencies in the storm/non-storm. nutrient
           comparisons may be the result of the different analytical methods used by the two
           laboratories, particularly in the case of ammonium. This problem with detection
           limits may be solved in the next phase of the project as one laboratory will be
           conducting all the nutrient analyses. Salinity and pH measurements taken during
           the storm sampling indicate that the greatest freshwater influence in the estuarine
           system is from the Cocheco, Salmon Falls, Lamprey and Squamscott rivers, which
           are the same rivers in which high nutrient concentrations were measured. This
           suggests that nutrients may be entering the estuary from freshwater sources,
           although not necessarily in association with rainfall events.


           Bacterial Indicators


                  The results of this study allow for an assessment of relative bacterial
              contamination entering the waters of the Great Bay Estuary from its major
              tributaries based on synoptic sampling during wet and dry periods. The
              tributary sites with the highest levels of contaminants were in the freshwater
                       of the Cocheco, Oyster and Exeter rivers and the tidal portion of the
              Lam p" re' y' lUer. All of these sites are surrounded by and are dominated
              upstream by densely populated urban areas, in contrast to the less-densely
              populated areas surrounding the other tributaries (Bellamy, Salmon Falls,
              upstream Lamprey rivers). This suggests that either runoff, direct sources, or
              high densities of either on-site private sewage disposal sites or leaky
              municipal system pipes are contaminating these tributaries and eventually
              the estuary. The tidal site in the Lamprey River has been under investigation
              to locate contamination sources. Results from another study consistently
              show that the contaminants have a major impact on the water quality of
              Great Bay at the mouth of the river.
                  The effect of rainfall and associated runoff appears to intensify the
              nonpoint source contamination problem. In fact, except for the tidal portion
              of the Cocheco River, levels of bacterial indicators were relatively low at tidal
              sites for the other tributaries during dry periods compared to wet periods.
              The strong response to rainfall events, especially at the more urban areas,
              suggests that the downstream quality of estuarine water is most susceptible to
              degradation by these events. This was especially true during autumn when
              the heaviest rainfall events were sampled. Rainstorms recorded at the


                                                    10








                 Durham station are typically heaviest and most frequent during the autumn
                 season (data not shown). A better understanding of sources and the influence
                 of rainfall/runoff events is needed, and should become more clearly defined
                 with a continuation of this study.
                     One of the most critical issues that is affected by nonpoint source microbial
                 contamination is the harvesting of shellfish. There are abundant oyster
                 resources throughout the Great Bay Estuary, although only some areas in
                 Great and Little bays are currently classified as approved in New Hampshire.
                 However, the Maine side of the Piscataqua River is classified as restricted, and
                 it is an active site for commercial shellfishing; the harvested oysters are
                 purified before marketing, as required by law from restricted areas. The
                 continued contamination of these areas by nonpoint source pollution is an
                 issue that needs attention, as increased economic pressures bring greater
                 attention to New Hampshire's untapped shellfish resources. Based on the
                 results of this study, it appears that storm events and urban areas have a large
                 influence on contamination in the tributaries, with only the tidal site in the
                 Squarnscott River and the mouth of Hampton Harbor meeting NSSP criteria
                 (geometric mean = <14 FC/100 ml) for dry periods, with no sites meeting
                 these criteria for wet periods (Table 13; modified data).
                     The splitting of a tidal and freshwater sample each month for analysis by
              I.-C-_:both involved labs proved to be a useful and necessary exercise to undertake
                 -for- this- study. It is especially important for deciding how to interpret the
                 results. For fecal coliforms, it appeared that the different analytical methods
                 used by the State compared to E. coli analysis caused reported levels to be
                 lower than expected. The exercise of modifying the data to increase some
                 fecal coliform data to becoming equal to E. coli data was based on the fact that
                 E. coli can only constitute a portion or potentially equal concentration
                 relative to fecal coliforms. Because both labs used mTEC medium forE. coli
                 analysis, use of mTEC E. coli data for fecal coliform data allowed for a
                 consistency within data sets including data from both labs, giving a more
                 accurate interpretation of results. The lack of consistent agreement between
                 enterococci data from the two labs is not well understood at this time.


                 Overall Study

                     A number of points pertain to the overall study independent of either
                 category of contaminants studied. First, the splitting of analysis between two
                 labs presented problems in interpreting data for all parameters. This is
                 probably the result of different analytical methods being conducted by the two


                                                           11







               labs, although efforts may still be needed to standardize common methods.
               This would include sample processing and holding procedures, as it is
               obvious that more time before analysis is necessary for the State labs because
               of the distance between sampling sites and the State labs. The method of
               splitting samples should also ensure that no inter-sample variability is
               introduced at that time.
                  Another issue is storm sampling. By taking a single sample on the day
               following a storm event, it is always possible that sampling could miss the
               major contamination pulse. However, the consistent trend of higher
               bacterial levels after wet compared to dry periods suggest that at least part of a
               contaminant pulse was caught by the sampling that occurred. Other factors
               that can affect the contamination response following a rainfall event include
               seasonal influences (temperature, presence of snow, evapotranspiration, etc.),
               intensity and duration of storms, and conditions prior to events (dry vs. wet).
               It appeared that for bacterial contaminants, the heavier rainfall events caused
               relatively greater amounts of contamination to occur at some sites. In
               addition, the present approach to rainstorm sampling could be improved if
               more immediate knowledge of the amount of rainfall that has occurred could
               be made available. At present, JEL personnel prepare for sampling upon
               hearing of predicted events, then confirm that the sampled event met the
               -preset criteria only at the beginning of the next month when data for the
               15ixr-h-am station are.published. This worked quite well, despite several false
               starts, although two of eight 'events' did not meet the criteria. Despite these
               concerns, it appears that some useful trends were apparent from this first year
               of study on the tributaries to Great Bay Estuary.


















                                                     12








                      Table 1. Regression of NH4 concentration for split samples.



                       DES @trn NH4       JEL Wn NH4
                                   6.30              1.84                   Regression Statistics
                                   6.30              1.14
                                   6.30              4.82                   Multiple R               0.881701893
                                  16.80             18.72                   R Square                 0.777398228
                                   6.30             10.82                   Adjusted R Square        0.758848081
                                  14.00             15.90                   Standard Error           1.970582441
                                   7.00             11.97                   Observations                         14

                                   6.30              5.94

                                   6.30              3.53

                                  14.00             16.23

                                   6.30              0.38
                                  14.70             21-30
                                   6.30              6.25
                                   7.00             .5-60







                                                             DES vs. JEL @Lm NH4


                                          25


                                          20


                                          15
                                       LU
                                          1 0


                                             5


                                             0
                                              0            5            10           15           2 0

                                                                       DES







                       Table 2. Regression of N03 concentration for split samples.



                       DES gm N03           JEL gm N03
                                      8.4               5.13                    Regression Statistics
                                     1.26               3.63
                                     13.3               6.27                    Multiple R                  0.954599147
                                     25.2             35.12                     R Square                    0.911259531
                                      4.2               8.02                    Adjusted R Square           0.903864492
                                      4.2               5.99                    Standard Error              6.108090128
                                      9.8               4.42                    Observations                            14
                                     60.9             65.51
                                     39.9             39.27
                                     54.6             43.61
                                     11.9               6.38
                                      9.1               5.82
                                     11.2                  13
                                     39.2               50.31






                                                               DES vs. JEL @tm N03


                                         80


                                         60


                                         40


                                         20

                                                    .Jam
                                           0

                                             0              20            40             60               80

                                                                          DES








                            Table I Regression of P04 concentration for split samples.



                            DES lim P04 JEL pm P04
                                        1.271                 1.6                   Regression Statistics
                                        1.736               2.22
                                        2.046               2.14                    Multiple R                   0.75891422
                                        1.054               1.41                    R Square                    0.575950794
                                        2.139               1.29                    Adjusted R Square            0.54061336
                                        0.217               0.43                    Standard Error              0.468213726
                                          0.93              0.94                    Observations                          14

                                        0.558               0.78

                                        0.031               0.45

                                        1.395               2.24

                                        1.891               1.06

                                        0.372               0.52

                                        0.558               0.92
                                        1.209               1.43









                                                                        DES vs. JEL @tm P04


                                                  2.5


                                                     2


                                                  1.5
                                             LU
                                                     1


                                                  0.5


                                                     0
                                                      0          0.5          1          1.5           2          2.5

                                                                                   DES






              TABLE 4. ALL DATA COMBINED



              -6/14/94          7.00        7.00        9.80      25.90      21.70         7.00        9.80                  39.20       32.20        4.20        7.00       5.60        9. 10
              -6/22/94          0.06        1.11        2.36      15.91        9.70        0.70,   1   3.54       4.60       39.54       53.92        3.57        4.91       3.20        14.22

              MEAN              5.07        5.24        6.18      14.31      11.40         5.66                   4,35       32.68       39.79        6.10        5.10       5.33        11.34

              P04 CONCENTRATION @tM
              DATE        GB 2 um GB 13 urn       GB 15 urn   GB 21 urn  GB 22 urn   GB 50 urn   GQ80urn    HH IA urn 7 CCH urn      5SFRum     5 BLM urn   5LMPum     9 EXT urn   5 OYS urn
              -8/24/93          1.18        0.68        1.83       1.27        1.40        1.71        T.27       0.84        0.56        0.22        0.16        0.12       0.12        0.25
                 9/7/93         1.02        0.71        2.11       0.93        1.05        1.52        1.74       0.96        0.03        0.53        0.03        0.03       0.03        0.03
                 9/9/93         1.39        1.04        2.92       2.97        1.42        2.58        2.03       0.96        0.38        0.97        0.33        0.17       0.24,       0.29
              -9/27/93          1.09        0.94        0.89       0.79        0.90        1.70        1.54       1.11        1.30        0.75        0.37        0.21       0.31        0.20
              -10/5/93          0.65        0.90        2.33       0.74        0.68        1.36        2.05       0.65        1.40        0.96        0.12        0.06       0.03        0.06
                 11/2/93        0.71        0.81        0.62       0.68        0.71        0.99        1.05       1.12        1.02        0.59        0.06        0.28       0.22        0.09
              11/18/93          0.72        0.94        0.92       0.97        1.04        1.47        1.51       0.83        1.80        1.42        0.62        0.20       0.35        0.46
              -12/6/93          0.53        0.86        0.70       1.39        0.55        1.01        1.00       0.68        1.22        0.42        0.77        0.66-      0.59        0.60
              12/20/93          2.51        1.27        0.78       1.12        1.12        1.61        2.14                   1.89        0.81        1.30        0.78       0.99        1.05
              -4/19/94          0.06        0.56        0.12       0.25        0.31        0.22                               0.90        0.37        0.03        0.19       0.03        0.06
                 5/3/94         0.23        0.31        0.22       0.50        0.39        0.47        0.90       0.54        0.72        0.23        0.24        0.17       0.32        0.28
              -5/17/94          0.34        0.37        0.22       0.43        0.40        0.68                               0.56        0.22        0.03        0.03       0.12        0.03
                 5/26/94        0.55        0.59        0.62       0.63        0.62        0.83        1.30       0.58        1.02        0.58        0.39        0.38       0.45        0.45
              -6/13/94          0.66        0.79        1.14       1.04        0.95        1.07        0.97       0.59        1.47        1.18        0.32        0.37       0.41        0.27
              -6/14/94          0.71        0.65        0.84       0.62        0.81        0.99        0.93                   1.21        0.74        0.31        0.28       0.12        0.19
              -6/22/94          0.78        0.77        1.04       0.93        0.96        1.22        1.07       0.72        1.38        1.11        0.72        0.48       0.63        0.54


              Mean              0.82        0.76        1.08       0.95        0.83        1.21        1.39       0.80        1.05        0.69        0.36        0.28       0.31        0.30


              TSS mg/liter

              DATE         GB2        GB 13       GB 15       -dB -21 GB 22          GB 50      GB 80       H H.-I A    7 CCH       5 SFR       5 BLM      5 LMP       9 EXT       5 OYS
              -8/24/93          8.00        6.00      24.50       20.50      19.00 - 4 0.00 - 41.50             11.00         7.00        9.00        1.50        0,09       1.50        2.50
                 9/7/93        25.00        5.00        6.00      11.00      13.50         8.00        8.50     11.00         7.00        1.00        5.50        3.00       4.00        1.00
                 9/9/93         3.80        0.40        3.20      12.80        1.60        2.20        7.80       2.80        7.20        0.60        3.40        0.20       0.80        1.20
              -9/27/93          1.60        1.40      18.60        1.60        2.40        3.40      30.60        3.00        5.00        3.00        2.60        1.20       3.40        2.40
              -10/5/93         51.00       55.00      37.00       30.00      36.00        52.00      57.00      57.00         3.00        3.00        5.00        5.00       3.00        6.00
                 11/2/93       14.00        3.00      43.00       19.00      87.00        70.00      36.00      56.00         1.00        3.00        1.00        0.90       2.00        0.09
              11/18/93          6.00        3.20      10.00        5.80        4.00        5.40      31.00        9.80        4.60        0.80        7.80        1.00       3.00        9.00
              -12/6/93          3.40       13.20      24.60        8.40        4.80        5.00      28.20        6.80        7.60        1.20        4.00        7.80       5.00        9.20






              TABLE 4. ALL DATA COMBINED


              -4119/94         3.00       1.00      12.00        3.00       1.00        4 00                              2.00        0.90       1.00        0.90       1.00        1.00
                 5/3/94        6.20       12.20        2.00      7.40       6.20        10.80     37.00       13.60       4.40        3.20       2.00        0.60       1.80        5.40
              -5/17/94         5.50       2.50      12.50        6.00       7.00        5.90                              4.00        4.00       2.00        1.00       2.00        4.50
              -5/26/94         6.80       4.80      18.40        6.80       7.80        6.60                  11.40       2.20        2.00       2.00        0.80       1.00        3.40
              -6/13/94         5.40       3.80         9.60,     7.00       7.60        5.80-     40.00         2.60      3.00        4.40       2.20        3.40       2.00        8.80
              -6/14/94         5.50       2.00--7.00             5.50       3.50        4.50      35.00                   2.00        3.00       2.00        3.001      2.00        9.00
              -6/22/94         6.20       6.40      32.20        5.80       5.80        6.40      19.80        3.601      3.20        3.60       2.80        1.20       1.20        4.20
              12/20/94         5.00       6.50      19.00        5.00       6.00        5.00    1 17.00                   4.80        4.40       3.20        4.00       4.50        4.00

              Mean             9.781      7.901     17.48,       9.73,      13.33,      14.66,    '35.43      15.72       4.25,       2.94,      3.00        2.13       2.39@       4.48






             TABLE 5. STORM SAMPLING DATA
                     NH 4 CONCENTRATION [tm


                     DATE        GB2      GB 13 GB 15 GB 21           GB22 GB50f!        GB 80     HH IA
                                                                                                            7 CCH 5 SFR        5BLM 5LMP          9 EXT     5 OYS


                        9/9/93      8.25      2.20    17.23     0.63      2.09     fl ;'8 6' 12.69    4.60      7.12    23.49      1.60     3.02      3.11      2.59
                       9/27/93      4.02      3.03     3.59     4.07      4.27      '.6.53  12.41     5.45      5.84    12.69      5.26     2.52      3.14      3.68
                     11/18/93       1.79      1.49     4.07    33.04     26.97     12.10     3.96     1.23     16.33    29.41      0.91     0.34      1.34      0.58
                       12/6/93      0.06      3.49,    3.17    23.36      9.90,     8.116    7.66     1.20     19.67,   11.72      2.42     2.06,     1.20    73.55
                        5/3/94      12.85     1.98     2.12     8.09      7.10      1'a5     6.20     1.81     13.58    13.30      2.47     2.04      1.79      2.39
                       5/26/94      5.11      3.08     4.41     8.69      7.91      5.99    11.09     2.79     14.20    36.86      4.81     4.89      5.13    10.66
                       6/13/94      4.52      6.78    11.78     9.26     20.02      4.95    11.18     4.51      7.56    30.37      3.44     6.30      2.34      5.10
                       6/22/94      2.69     19.04     3.35    7.822     8.405     15.81     9.26     3.71      8.45    32.35      5.39     4.96      4.62    10.68


                     MEAN           4.91      5.14     6.21    11.87     10.83      8.34     9.31     3.16     11.59    23.77      3.29     3.27      2.83    13.65



                     Splits NH4
                       8/24/93                                                               5,94               1.84
                        9/7/93                                                               3.53               1.14
                       10/5/93                                                              16.23               4.82
                       11/2/93                                                               0.38
                     12/20/93                                                               21.30              18.72
                       4/20/94                                                                                          10.82
                       5/18/94                         6.25                                                    15.90
                       6/15/94,                                                                                11.97
                     N03 CONCENTRATION gm


                     DATE        GB2      GB13     GB15      GB 21    GB 22     GB50     GB 80    HHlA 7CCH          5SFR      5 BLM    5LMP      9 EXT     5 OYS


                        9/9/93      1.45      0.38     4.09     0.81      2.19      1.64     8.05     1.22     32.38    76.69      0.37     1.74      7.08      3.94
                       9/27/93      2.07      1.31     6.32     6.99      5.27      2.37     3.91     1.46     73.07    91.31      0.66     0.97      6.10      4 n4
                     11/18/93       4.97      9.10    10.17    21.91     12.16      7.06    27.96     7.53     27.41    21.62      9.72     4.79      10.30   25.37
                       12/6/93      10.05     0.88    15.96    15.42     21.23      8.16    11.67     5.53     16.47    22.71      14.67    7.12      4.92      7.03
                        5/3/94      5.76      6.81     2.16     3.32      8.62      8.41    10.30     5.31     13.29    11.80      1.39     3.94      1.73    13.95
                       5/26/94      4.08      1.88     5.43     9.62      5.61      3.85     8.00     0.65     23.38    15.26      5.38     3.43      7.03    16.53
                       6/13/94      3.91      1.02     4.19    42.43     13.39      3.45     6.07     1.58     44.60    35.30      4.36     4.56      4.54    12.69
                       6/22/94      0.06      1.11     2.36    15.91      9.70      0.70     3.54     4.60     39.54    53.92      3.57     4.91      3.20    14.22


                     ,MEAN          4.04,     2.81,    6.33    14.55,     9.77,     4.46,    9.94     3.48,    33.77,   41.08,     5.02,    3.93,     5.61,   12.22,






            TABLE 5. STORM SAMPLING DATA



                     splits N03
                       8/24/93                                                                  5.13              65.51
                                                                                                   63
                        9/7/93                                                                  3.                39.27
                       10/5/93                                                                  6.27              43.61
                       11/2/93                                                                 35.12
                     12/20/93                                                                   8.02               6.38
                       4120/94                                                                                               5.82
                       5/18/94                          5.99                                                      13.00
                       6/15/94                                                                  4.42              50.03



                     P04 CONCENTRATION @tm

                     DATE        GB2      GB 13     GB 15     GB 21     GB 22     GB 50     GB 80    HHlA 7CCH           5 SFR     5 BLM     5 LMP     9 EXT     5 OYS


                        9/9/93      1.39      1.04      2.92      2.97      1.42      2.58      2.03     0.96      0.38      0.97      0.33      0.17      0.24      0.29
                       9/27/93      1.09      0.94,     0.89      0.79      0.90,     1.70      1.54     1.11      1.30      0.75      0.37,     0.21      0.31      0.20
                     11/18/93       0.72      0.94      0.92      0.97      1.04      1.47      1.51     0.83      1.80      1.42      0.62      0.20      0.35      0.46
                       12/6/93      0.53      0.86      0.70      1.39      0.55      1.01      1.00     0.68      1.22      0.42      0.77      0.66      0.59      0.60
                        5/3/94      0.23      0.31      0.22      0.50      0.39      0.47      0.90     0.54      0.72      0.23      0.24      0.17      0.32      0.28
                       5/26/94      0.55      0.59      0.62      0.63      0.62      0.83      1.30     0.58      1.02      0.58      0.39      0.38      0.45      0.45
                       6/13/94      0.66      0.79      1.14      1.04      0.95      1.07      0.97     0.59-     1.47      1.18      0.32      0.37      0.41      0.27
                       6/22/94      0.78      0.77      1.04      0.93      0.96      1.22      1.07     0.72      1.38      1.11      0.72      0.48      0.63      0.54

                     MEAN           0.74      0.78      1.06      1.15      0.815     1.29      1.29     0.75      1.16      0.83      0.47      0.33      0.41      0.39





                     splits P04
                       8/24/93                                                                  1.60               0.78
                        9/7/93                                                                  2.22               0.45
                       10/5/93                                                                  2.14               2.24
                       11/2/93                                                                  1.41
                     12/20/93                                                                   1.29               1.06
                                                                       V
                                                                              04
                                                                              55
                                                                               9
                                                                            0-@
                                                                            0. 3
                                                                            0. 62




















                       4/20/94                                                                                               0.52
                       5/18/94                          0.43                                                       0.92
                       6/1 5-/9-4r                                                              0.94               1.431






             TABLE 5. STORM SAMPLING DATA


                       TSS Mg/l

                       DATE        GB2        GB 13     GB 15 GB 21          GB 22      GB$0 -'i,GB80 HHlA 7CCH 5SFR                        5 BLM 5 LMP 9 EXT               5 OYS

                          9/9/93        3.80      0.40       3.20     12.80       1.60      2.20       7.80      2.80      7.20       0.60      3.40       0.20       0.80      1.20
                         9/27/93        1.60      1.40     18.60       1.60       2.40      3.40     30.60       3.00      5.00       3.00      2.60       1.20       3.40      2.40
                       11/18/93         6.00      3.20     10.00   --  5.80       4.00      5-4.0    3 1. 0 0    9.80.     4.60       -0.80     7.80       1.00----   3.00-     9.00
                         12/6/93        3.40     13.20     24.60       8.40       4.80      5.00     28.20       6.80      7.60       1.20      4.00       7.80       5.00      9.20
                          5/3/94        6.20     12.20       2.00      7.40       6.20     10.80     37.00     13.60       4.40       3.20      2.00       0.60       1.80      5.40
                         5/26/94        6.80      4.80     18.40       6.80       7.80      6.60    106.67     11.40       2.20       2.00      2.00       0.80       1.00      3.40
                         6/13/94        5.40      3.80       9.60      7.00       7.60      5.80     40.00       2.60      3.00       4.40      2.20       3.40       2.00      8.80
                         6/22/94        6.20      6.40     32.20       5.80       5.80      6.40     19.80       3.60      3.20       3.60      2.80       1.20       1.20      4.20


                       MEAN             4.93      5.68    -14.83       6.95       5.03      5.70     37.63       6.70      4.65       2.35      3.35       2.03       2.28      5.45








                       % ORGANIC


                       DATE        GB2        GB 13- GB 15 GB 21             GB 22 GB 50          GB 80 HH 1 A 7 CCH 5 SFR - 5 BLM 5 LMP                         9 EXT      5 OYS
                                                        I                                                                         -
                          9/9/93      21.05      50.001    37.50      41.25     52.50      18.18     30.77     21.43      52.78     55.00      58.82      57.00     57.00      62.00
                         9/27/93      51.00      24.301      9.68     33.33     50.00      23.53     16.99     40.00      64.00     66.67      92.31      66.67     62.35      63.33
                       11/18/93       26.67      37.501    22.00      34.48     45.00      25.93     16.13     24.49      47.83     50.00      30.77      80.00     60.00      31.11
                         12/6/93      41.18      21.211    16.26      30.95     37.50      24.00     17.02     32.35      26.32     83.33      60.00      28.21     40.00      26.09
                          5/3/94      12.90      13.111    50.00      24.32     19.35      20.37     14.41     19.12      36.36     43.75      30.00      66.67     55.56      33.33
                         5/26/94      26.47      25.00     15.22      29.41     25.64      12.12     15.00     15.79      63.64     60.00      50.00     100.00     80.00      47.06
                         6/13/94      22.22      15.79     22.92      28.57     23.68      17.24     12.00     38.46      40.00     72.73      63.64      23.53     80.00      45.45
                         6/22/94      25.81      25.00     13.04      31.03     34.48      18.75     14.14     44.44      56.25     77.78      64.29      83.33     100.00     52.38


                       MEAN           28.41      26.49     23.33      31.67     36.02      20.02     17.06     29.51      48.40     63.66      56.23      63.18     66.86      45.09






                                                                                                                          ---I              I






           TABLE 5. STORM SAMPLING DATA





                   SALINITY ppt

                   DATE      GB2      GB 13    GB 15 GB 21      GB 22    GB 50   GB 80    HHlA 7CCH 5SFR            5 BLM 5 LMP 9 EXT          5 OYS

                                                                 -            . 1
                     9/9/93     32.00   31.00    24.00    24.00   23.00    3 0.'0 0 22.90    31.00    0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00    0.00
                    9/27/93     29.50   31.00    22.00    23.50   22.50    29.50    24.00    31.00    0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00    0.00
                   11/18/93     26.00   29.50     6.00     7.80   13.00    25.20     9.00    25.00    0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00    0.00
                    12/6/93     24.00   25.00     3.00     0.00    0.00    23.@O     2.50      0.00   0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00    0.00
                     5/3/94     19.00   24.00     0.00     5.00    4.50    20.00     0.00    25.00                               0.00
                    5/26/94     17.50   23.00     5.50     5.50    5.20    16.50     2.00    24.00    0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00    0.00
                    6/13/94     22.00   26.00    16.00     5.00    6.00    21.00    14.00    28.00
                    6/22/94     24.00            -19.00   15.80   15.50    23.50    17.00

                                                                      1                    -
                   MEAN         24.25   27.07    11.94    10.83   11. 1    23.65    11.43    23.43    0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00    0.00



                   TEMPE@ATUA

                   DATE      GB2      GB 13    GB 15   GB 21    GB 22    GB 50   GB 80    HHlA 7CCH         5 SFR   5 BLM    5 LMP    9 EXT 15 OYS


                     9/9/93     20.00   16.00    21.10    21.00   21.00    19.60    22.20    16.50
                    9/27/93     14.50   13.00    15.50    15.00   15.00    14.50    15.50    13.00
                   11/18/93       7.20    7.00    4.80     6.00    7.20      7.20    4.90      8.00   6.00     5.90     7.00     7.00     7.50    6.50
                    12/6/93       5.50    5.50    4.80     3.00    4.00      5.20    4.00      6.00   4.50     4.00     3.50     3.50     6.80    4.00
                     5/3/94     12.00   10.00    13.00    13.00   13.00    11.80    13.00    10.00   11.40    11.20    11.00    13.00   12.50    11.50
                    5/26/94     14.00            16.80    16.00   15.80    14.50    17.20            17.20    16.50    15.50    17.50   17.50    16.50
                    6/13/94     18.50            19.80    22.00   20.90    18.80    21.00                     22.30    23.70                     22.10
                    6/22/94     21.50            22.20    23.00   23.00    22.00    23.50            28.30    24.10    28.80    25.90   27.10    28.20


                   MEAN         14.15   10.30    14.75    14.88   14.99    14.20'   15.16    10.70   13.48    14.00    14.92    13.38   14.28    14.80






             TABLE 5. STORM SAMPLING DATA
                       PH

                       DATE        GB2      GB 13    GB 15     GB 21     GB 22     GB,5.0   GB 80     HH 1A 7CCH          5 SFR     5 BLM    5 LMP     9 EXT     5 OYS    -

                          9/9/93       7.90     7.97      7.77     8.01      8.05               7.66      8.05      7.45      7.16     7.12      7.23      7.15      7.45
                        9/27/93        7.98     8.11      7.45     8.03      8.01      .7.99    7.96      7.94      7.55      7.46     7.43      7.30      7.21      7.24
                       11/18/93        7.90     8.04      7.73     7.52      7.57      7.95     7.57      7.85      7.12      6.86     6.90      6.89      6.77-     7.27
                        12/6/93        7.69     7.77,     7.22     7.23      6.92      744,     6.90      7.61      6.99      7.45,    6.86      7.28      7.54      6.93
                          5/3/94
                        5/26/94
                        6/13/94
                        6/22/94


                       MEAN            7.87     7.97      7.54     7.70      7.64      7.81     7.52      7.86      7.28      7.23     7.08      7.18      7.17      7.22











                       D.O. mg/l

                       DATE       GB 2      GB 13 GB 15 GB 21            GB22 GB50 GB80 HHIA 7CCH 5SFR                              5 BLM 5 LMP        9 EXT     5 OYS


                          9/9/93       7.40     8.20      7.30     6.20      6.20      7.60     5.90      7.60
                        9/27/93        8.20     8.40      7.00     6.00      6.20      8.20     7.20      8.00
                       11/18/93        9.60                        11.40     9.80      9.50                         12.20     10.60    11.40     12.20     12.20     12.40
                        12/6/93       10.20              14.50                        10.50     12.70
                          5/3/94      10.50                        10.40     9.90     10.45
                        5/26/94        7.70               9.00     8.00      7.70      7.80     6.80
                        6/13/94        7.20               7.10                         7.60     5.90
                        6/22/94        6.00               5.00     7.10      7.20      6.20     5.90


                       MEAN            8.35,    8.30,     8.32,    8.18,     7.83,     8.48,    7.40,     7.80      12.20     10.60   11.40,     12.20    12.20, 12.40,







            TABLE 6. DATA FROM RANDOM SAMPLING BY STATE PERSONNEL


            NH 4 CONCENTRATION @Lm

            DATE          GB2um GB13um          GB15um GB21um GB22um              GB50 ur@    qWPO um    HHlA um     XCH um     5 SFR um 5 BLM um       5 LMP urr 9 EXT um     50ysum
            -8/24/94           6.30        6.30       6.301       6.30       6.30       6.3b        6.30       6.30       6.30        6.30        6.30       6.301       6.30       6.30
            - 9/7/94           6.30        6.30       6.30        6.30.      6.30       6.30.       6.30       6.30       6.30        6.30        6.30       6.301       6.30       6.30
            -10/5/94           6.30        6.30       6.30        6.30       7.00       6.30      14.00        6.30       6.30       28.00        6.30       6.301       6.30       6.30
                11/2/94        6.30        6.30       6.30        7.00       7.70       7.00        6.30       6.30       7.70        9.10        6.30       6.30        6.30       6.30
            -12/20/94          6.30        6.30       6.30      13.30        9.10       6.30      14.70        6.30      16.80        7.70        6.30       6.30        6.30       6.30
            -4/19/94           6.30        6.30       6.30                   6.30       6.30                   6.30       6.30        6.30        6.30       6.30        6.30       6.30
                5/17/94        6.30        7.00       6.30        7.00       6.30       6.30                             14.00       14.00        6.30       6.30        6.30       6.30
            -6/14/94           6.30        6.30       6.30        6.30      14.00       6.30        7.00                  7.00       21.00        6.30       6.30        6.30       6,30

                               6.30        6.39       6.30        7.50       7.88       6.39        9.10       6.30       8.84       12.34        6.30       6.30        6.30       6.30
            SM DEV             0.00.       0.25.      0.00        2.58       2.67       0.25        4.08       0.00       4.15        8.15        0.00       0.00        0.00       0.00



            N03 CONCENTRATION @Lm
                          I                                                                               -                          -      -
            DATE          GB2 um GB       13 urr GB1 5 um   GB 21 um   GB22 um     GB50 um    GB80um     HH 1A um 7 CCH um      5 SFR um    5BLM um     5LMPum     9 EXT um 5 OYS um

            -8/24/94           1.26        1.26       3.50        8.40       4.20       2.80        8.40       1.26      60.90       44.10        1.26       1.26        5.46       1.26
                  9/7/94       1.26        1.26       1.26        1.26       1.26       1.40        1.26       7.70      39.90       84.00        1.26       1.26        1.261      1.26
                10/5/94        4.20        6.30       9.10      28.00       29.40       4.90      13.30        6.30      54.60       94.50       25.20       18.20       2.10      12.60
                11/2/94        5.60       11.20       7.00      18.20       18.20       4.90      25.20        9.10      25.20       21.70        8.40       4.90        4.20      23.10
            -12/20/94          14.70      21.70       7.70      11.20       11.20       16.80       4.20                 11.90       11.90        8.40       7.00       12.60      16.10
                4/19/94        9.80        8.40       5.60      10.50        9.80       8.40                              9.80        9.10        3.15       6.30        5.60      11.20
            - 5/17/94          4.90        4.20       4.20        9.10       8.40       9.10                             11.20       10.50        5.60       4.20        3.50- 9.10
            - 6/14/94          7,00        7.00       9.80      25.90      .21.70       7.00        9.80-                39.20       32.20        4.20       7.00        5.60       9.10

            MEAN               6.09        7.67       6.02      14.07       13.02       6.91      10.36        6.09      31.59       38.50        7.18       6.27        5.04      10.47
            STD DEV            4.48        6.62       2.93        9.20       9.42       4.78        8.41       3.42      20.12       33.63        7.80       5.34        3.46       7.27



            P04 CONCENTRATION @tm
                                                                                  P
                                                                                        6
                                                                                      ---7-
                                                                                        6

                                                                                        6

                                                                                        6











            IDATE___LGB 2 um IGB_13 um JGB 15 um GB 21 um]GB 22 um JGB 50 um GB 80 um HH 1A umJ7 CCH um 15 SFR um 5 BLM um 5 LMP um 19 EXT um 5 OYS um






            TABLE 6. DATA FROM RANDOM SAMPLING BY STATE PERSONNEL




               8/24/94        1.18        0.68       1.83      1.27       1.40       1.71           7      0.84       0.56       0.22       0.16       0.12       0.12       0.25
                 9/7/94       1.02        0.71       2.11      0.93       1.05       1.5Z       1.74       0.96       0.03       0.53       0.03       0.03       0.03       0.03
               10/5/94        0.65        0.90       2.33      0.74       0.68       1.3&       Z.U        0.65       1.40       0.96       0.12       0.06       0.03       0.06
               11/2/94        0.71        0.81       0.62      0.68       0.71     -0.99        1.05       1.12,      1.02       0.59       0.06       0.28       0.22       0.09
            -12/20/94         2.51        1.27       0.78      1.121      1.12       1. 6 1'    2.14                  1.89       0.81       1.30       0.78       0.99       1.05
            -4/19/94          0.06        0.56       0.12      0.25       0.31       0.22                             0.90       0.37       0.03       0.19       0.03       0.06
               5/17/94        0.34        0.37       0.22      0.43       0.40       0.68                             0.56       0.22       0.03       0.03       0.12       0.03
               6/14/94        0.71        0.65       0.84      0.62       0.81       0.99       0.93                  1.21       0.74       0.31       0.28       0.12       0.19
                                                                                                                                                            1
            MEAN              0.90        0.74       1.10      0.76       0.81       1.14       1.53       0.89       0.95       0.55       0.25       0.22       0.21       0.22
            STD DEV         361.37        0.27       0.86      0.34       0.37       0.51       0.52       0.20       0.57       0.27       0.43       0.25       0.32       0.35




            TSS mg/liter

            DATE          GB2       GB 13     GB 15      GB 21      GB 22      GB 50      GB 80      HH 1A      7 CCH      5 SFR      5 BLM      5 LMP      9 EXT      -5 OYS


               8/24/94        8.00        6.00     24.50      20.50     19.00      40.00      41.50       11.00       7.00       9.00       1.50       0.09       1.50       2.50
                 9/7/94      25.00        5.00       6.00     11.00     13.50        8.00       8.50      11.00       7.00       1.00       5.50       3.00       4.00       1.00
               10/5/94       51.00      55.00      37.00      30.00     36.00      52.00      57.00       57.00       3.00       3.00       5.00       5.00       3.00       6.00
               11/2/94       -14.00       3.00     43.00      19.00     87.00      70.00      36.00       56.00       1.00       3.00       1.00       0.90       2.00       0.09
            -12/20/94         5.00        6.50     19.00       5.00       6.00       5.00     17.00                   4.80       4.40       3.20       4.00       4.50       4.00
               4/19/94        3.00        1.00     12.00       3.00       1.00       4.00                             2.00       0.90       1.00       0.90       1.00       1.00
               5/17/94        5.50        2.50     12.50       6.00       7.00       5.50                             4.00       4.00       2.00       1.00       2.00       4.50
               6/14/94        5.50        2.00       7.00      5.50       3.50       4.50     35.00                   2.00       3.00       2.00       3.00       2.00       9.00


            MEAN             14.63      10.13      20.13      12.50     21.63      23.63      32.50       33.75       3.85       3.54       2.65       2.24       2.50-      3.51
            STD DEV          16.34      18.24      13.75       9.65     28.70      26.44      17.41       26.27       2.28       2.54       1.75       1.76       1.22       3.00



            % ORGANIC


            DATE          GB2       GB 13      GB 15      GB 21     GB 22      GB 50      GB 80      HH 1       7 CCH      5 SFR      5 BLM      5 LMP      9 EXT      5 OYS


               8/24/93       31.25      16.67      24.49      36.59     34.21      30.00      27.71       27.27






              TABLE 6. DATA FROM RANDOM SAMPLING BY STATE PERSONNEL




                  8/24/94         1.18        0.68       1.83        1.27        1.40      -1.,71-    1., 1.27      0.84        0.56       0.22        0.16        0.12        0.12        0.25
                    9/7/94        1.02        0.71       2.11        0.93        1.05        1.5a       1.74        0.96        0.03       0.53        0.03        0.03        0.03        0.03
                  10/5/94         0.65        0.90       2.33        0.74        0.6B        i      !@@i,'1'2.05    0.65        1.40       0.96        0.12        0.06        0.03        0.06
                  11/2/94         0.71        0.81       0.62        0.68        0.71                   1.05        1.12        1.02       0.59        0.06        0.28        0.22        0.09
                 12/20/94         2.51        1.27       0.78        1.12        1.12        1.151      2.14                    1.89       O.Bl        1.30        0.78.       0.99        1.05
                  4/19/94         0.06        0.56       0.12        0.25        0.31        0.22                               0.90       0.37        0.03        0.191       0.03        0.06
                  5/17/94         0.34        0.37       0.22        0.43        0.40        0.68,                              0.56       0.22        0.03        0.031       0.12    -0.03
                  6/14/94         0.71        0.65       0.84        0.62        0.81      -0.99        0.93                    1.21       0.74        0.31        0.281       0.12        0.19

              MEAN                0.90        0.74       1.10        0.76        0.81        1.14       1.53        O.B9        0.95       0.55        0.25        0.22        0.21        0.22
              STD DEV          361.37         0.27       0.86        0.34        0.37        0.51       0.52        0.20        0.57       0.27        0.43        0.25        0.32,       0.35



              TSS mg/liter

              DATE           GB2       GB 13       GB 15       GB 21      GB 22       GB 50       GB 80       HH 1A      7 CCH       5 SFR       5 BLM       5 LMP      9 EXT       5 OYS

                  8/24/94         8.00        6.00     24.50       20.50       19.00       40.00      41.50 -11.00              7.00       9.00        1.50        0.09        1.50-       2.50
                    9/7/94      25.00         5.00       6.00      11.00       13.50         8.00       8.50      11.00         7.00       1.00        5.50        3.00        4.00        1.00
                  10/5/94       51.00       55.00      37.00       30.00       36.00       52.00      57.00       57.00         3.00       3.00        5.00        5.00        3.00        6.00
                  1 1/2/94      14.00         3.00     43.00       19,00       87.00       70.00      36.00       56.00         1.00       3.00        1.00        0.90        2.00        0.09
              -12/20/94           5.00        6.50     19.00         5.00-       6.00        -5. 0 0 - 17. 0 0                  4.80       4.40        3.20        4.00        4.50        4.00
              -   4/19/94         3.00        1.00     12.00         3.00        1.09        4.00---                            2.00       0.90        1.00        0.90.       1.00        1.00
              - 5/17/94           5.50        2.50     12.50         6.00        7.00        5.50-                              4.00       4.00        2.00        1.00        2.00        4.50
                  6/14/94         5.50        2.00       7.00        5.50-       3.50        4.50     35.00                     2.00       3.00        2,00        3.00        2.00        9.00

              MEAN              14.63       10.13      20.13       12.50       21.63       23.63      32.50       33.75         3.85       3.54        2.65        2.24        2.50        3.51
              STD DEV           16.34       18.24      13.75         9.65      28.70       26.44      17.41       26.27         2.28       2.54        1.75        1.76        1.22        3.00



              % ORGANIC


              DATE           GB2       GB 13       GB 15       GB 21      GB 22       GB 50       GB 80      HH 1A       7 CCH       5 SFR       5 BLM       5 LMP      9 EXT       5 OYS
                                       1    10*1  3
                                            178124

                  8/24/93       31.251      16.67      24.49       36.59       34.21       30.00      27.71       27.27






             TABLE 6. DATA FROM RANDOM SAMPLING BY STATE PERSONNEL


                  9/7/93      32.00     20.00      33.33      54.55      51.85     2 5 0 0 0 4. 17.65
                10/5/93       23.53        1.82    35.14      26.67      16.67     17.31      21.05     21.05
                11/2/93         7.14               18.60      21.05      18.39     25.71      16.67     19.64
                12/20/93      20.00     15.38      13.16                 25.00         ;      117.65
                4/19/94       33.00     100.00       8.33     33.00     100.00     25.00
                5/17194
                6/14/94


             MEM              24.49     30.77      22.18      34.37,     41.02     24.60      20.15     22.65, #DIV/O!     #DIV/O!    #DIV/O!    #DIV/O! #DIV/01      #DIV/01
             STD DEV            9.97    39.31      10.80      12.75      31.64       4.58       4.54      4.06 #DIV/O!     #DIV/O!    #DIV/01    #DIV/01 #DIV/01 #DIV/O!



             SALINITY

             DATE         GB2       GB 13      GB 15      GB 21     GB 22      GB 50      GB 80 t -HH 1A       7 CCH      5 SFR      5 BLM      5 LMP     9 EXT      5 OYS

                8/24/93       26.00     26.00      23.50      21.00      23.50     27.00      22.00                  0.00      0.00        0.00      0.00     26.00        0.00
                   9/7/93     30.00     30.50      27.00      20.00      21.00     30.00      28.00                  0.00      0.00        0.00      0.001    30.50        0.00
                10/5/93       26.00     29.00      14.00      10.001     12.00     26.00      18.00     29.00        0.00      0.00        0.00      0.00     29.00        0.00
                11/2/93       22.00     26.00        8.00      2.00       3.00     22.00        8.00    28.00        0.00      0.00        0.00      0.00     26.00        0.00
                12/20/93      14.00     24.00        0.00      0.00       0.00     13.00        0.00    29.00        0.00      0.00        0.00      0.00     24.00        0.00
                4/19/94       10.00     25.00        0.00      2.00       6.00     12.00                             0.00      0.00        0.00      0.00     25.00        0.00
                5/17/94       14.00     23.00                  2.00       1.00     12.00                             0.00      -0.00       0.00      0.00                  0.00
                6/14/94                                                                                              0.00      0.00        0.00      0.00                  0.00



             MEAN             20.29     26.21      12.08       8.14       9.50     20.29      15.20     28.67        0.00      0.00        0.00      0.00-    26.75        0.00
             STD DEV           7.61,      2.67,    11.53       9.03       9.59       7.80     11.19        0.58      0.00      0.00        0.00      0.00        2.48      0.00









               Table 6A. Rainfall conditions relative to sampling dates and classification based on
               the following criteria:
                   Wet=>0.25" prior to sampling on sample date and previous day; Dry=<0.25".



                                                                          Inches of rain
                                                      Sampling            on sample date     Condition
                                   DATE               Agency              & previous day     classification
                                         24-Aug-93 DES                    0/0                Dry
                                               7-Sep DES                  0/0                Dry
                                               9-Sep JEL                  0.5/0.66           Wet
                                               27-Sep JEL                 1.19/2.16          Wet
                                               5-Oct DES                  0.0510.05          Dry
                                               2-Nov DES                  trace/0.6          Wet
                                               18-Nov JEL                 0.83/1.15          Wet
                                               6-Dec JEL                  0/1.55             Wet
                                               20-Dec DES                 trace/0.05         Dry
                                          19-Apr-94 DES                   0.05/0.05          Dry
                                               3-May JEL                  0/0.06             Dry
                                               17-May DES                 0.25/0.6           Wet
                                               26-May JEL                 trace/0.42         Wet
                                               13-Jun JEL                 0.45/0.8           Wet
                                               14-Jun DES                 0.03/0.48          Wet
                                               22-Jun JEL                 0/0.19             Dry









             Table 7. Split sample analysis of bacterial indicators by State and JEL labs.


             Fecal coliforms
                                        JEL            STATE                  JEL             STATE
             DATE                       Freshwater Sites                         Tidal Sites
                        24-Aug          1260               220                9.5                7
                        7-Sep           293                133                9                  5
                        5-Oct           TNTC               166                25                 6
                        2-Nov           ND                 48                 76                 67
                        20-Dec          84                 22                 83                 46
                        19-Apr          48                 29                 36                 20
                        17-May          150                112                82                 55         Overall data
                        14-Jun          5                  200                5                  23              JEL       State
             Geometric mean             101.9              86.5               25.8               18.9               46.5 36.3
             Standard deviatioi         6.4                2.7                3.1                2.8                  4.9     3.5


                 E. cot!
                                        JEL            STATE                  JEL             STATE
             DATE                       Freshwater Sites                         Tidal Sites
                        24-Aug          1250               1390               9.5                6
                        7-Sep           193                240                9                  6
                        5-Oct           TNTC               330                12.5               13
                        2-.Nov          -ND                80                 38                 90
                        20-Dec          -76                25                 76                 51
                        19-Apr          26                 21                 27                 34
                        17-May          138                90                 78                 61         Overall data
                        14-Junj         4                  189                0.8                16              JEL       State
             Geometric mean             80.1               120.0              16.4               22.7               32.3 46.4
             Standard deviatioi         7.0                4.8                4.4                2.8                  6.2     4.5


               Enterococci
                                        JEL            STATE                  JEL             STATE
             DATE                       Freshwater Sites                         Tidal Sites
                        24-Aug          48                 70                 1.5                9
                        7-Sep           25                 50                 3                  9
                        5-Oct           72                 80                 6                  10
                        2-Nov           ND                 60                 111                60
                        20-Dec          12                 20                 51                 40
                        19-Apr          0                  9                  6                  6
                        17-May          20                 20                 7                  7          Overall data
                        14-Jun,         29                 130                10                 10              JEL       State
             Geometric mean             14.8               31.7               10.8               17.9               12.4 22.9
             Standard deviatioi         5.9                2.4                4.4                3.2                  4.7    2.8









             Table 8. Regression analysis of fecal coliform concentrations for paired split samples.



             Fecal coliform   NTN              per 100 ml
             JEL              DES: raw         DES: modified               Regression Statistics:       raw data
                    1260             220              1390                       R Square                     0.45
                    293              133              240                        Standard Error             55.14
                    84               22               25                         Observations                   14

                    48               29               29
                    150              112              112                  Regression Statistics:  modified data
                    5                200              200                        R Square                     0.97
                    9.5              7                7                          Standard Error             61.20
                    9                5                6                          Observations                   14

                    25               6                13
                    76               67               90
                    83               46               51
                    36               20               34
                    82               55               61
                    5                23               23       1







                                             JEL fecal coliform levels compared to
                                                  paired DES (modified) levels.


                                     1500


                                     1000

                                     500

                                        0
                                         0               500             1000             1500

                                                                DES








           Table 9. Regression analysis of E. coli concentrations for paired split samples.



           E. COU           NTN per 100 ml
           JEL              DES                                         Regression Statistics:
                  1250              1390                                       R Square                    0.97
                  193               240                                        Standard Error            61.86
                  76                25                                         Observations                  14

                  26                21
                  138               90
                  4                 189
                  9.5               6
                  9                 6
                  12.5              13
                  38                90
                  76                51
                  27                34
                  78                61
                  0.8               16








                                         JEL E. coli levels compared to paired DES
                                                               levels.


                                    1400
                                    1200
                                    1000
                               04   800
                                    600-
                                    400 t
                                    2007
                                        _
                                       0 a-                                         ---------------4
                                        0     200    400     600    800    1000 1200      1400
                                                               DES








            Table 10. Regression analysis of enterococci concentrations for paired split samples.



            Enterococci    NTN per 100 ml
            JEL            DES                                    Regression Statistics:
                   48             70                                    R Square                 0.36
                   25             50                                    Standard Error          30.27
                   72             80                                    Observations               15

                   12             20
                   0.5            9
                   20             20
                   29             130
                   1.5            9
                   3              9
                   6              10
                   ill            60
                   51             40
                   6              6
                   7              7
                   10             10







                                       JEL enterococci levels compared to paired
                                                       DES levels.


                                  140
                                  120
                                  100
                                  80
                                  60
                                  40
                                  20 t   N 0
                                    0
                                     0      20      40      60      80     100     120

                                                          DES







                       Ij



             Table 11. Bacterial indicator concentrations at all study sites sampled by JEL following rain storms.






             FECAL COLIFORMS
             DATE                5-SFR 7-CCH 5-BLM 5-OYS 5-LMP 9-EXT                 GB22    GB21    GB2     GB50    GB15    GB80 GB13 HH1A
                       9-Sep     10       3110    103      660       40      1240    258     1180    10.5    4.5     160     17.5       35   464
                       27-Sep    14       2800    36       1160      30      820     100     140     19.5    2.5     3040    280        190  40
                       18-Nov    132      3600    180      1520      50      460     405     645     210     54.5    200     160        165  84
                       6-Dec     120      360     90       420       328     260     110     540     75      58      360                15
                       3-May     73       59      53       100       19      77      27      86      14      2.25    27      86         56   49
                       26-May    143      102     85       210       16      115     111     295     47      55      165     60         6.25  61.25
                       13-Jun    40       325     130      3200      70      210     5700    5500    35      52.5    355     22.5       5    40
                       22-Jun    217.5    72.5    220      75        15      32.5    55      100     6.25    11.25   100     70         5.5  2.75
             Geom. ave.          61       447     97       472       40      228     180     410     29      15      220     67         25   47




             E. COLI
             DATE                5-SFR    7-CCH 5-BLM 5-OYS 5-LMP 9-EXT GB22                 GB21    GB2     GB50    GB15    GB80 GB13 HHIA
                       9-Sep     4        1300    53       310       25      480     186     820     9       4.5     110     12         23   420
                       27-Sep    7        2200    18       880       20      640     100     120     19.5    2.5     2990    270        134  40
                       18-Nov    53       3200    172      1300      44      440     320     625     198     41      200     150        130  84
                       6-Dec     108      240     90       420       323     240     90      350     60      53      340                10
                    --3-May      47       -47     43       59        18      67
                                                                                     15      70      3.25    1.25    27      64         56   47
                                 98       9       83       130       15      112.5   43      200     16.5    54      142     20         6.25 55
                       13-Jun    35       305     115      3000      60      195     500     4200    33.75   52.5    425     17.5       3    40
                       22-Jun    127.5    37.5    220      75        14      27.5    45      100     6.25    8.75    100     62.5       5    1.25
             Geom. ave.          37       239     78       356       34      184     97      326     20      13      209     49         20   41




             ENTEROCOCCI
             DATE                5-SFR 7-CCH 5-BLM 5-OYS 5-LMP 9-EXT GB22 GB21                       GB2     GB50    GB15    GB80 GB13 HHIA
                       9-Sep     8.5      85      10       28        80      100     68.5    52.5    74      72      60      92         15   73
                       27-Sep    8        268     10       262       17.5    80      24      14      98      0.8     4180    30         118  60
                       18-Nov    13.5     120     700      1930      84      233     190     265     240     70      200     400        70   98
                       6-Dec     52       210     240      1020      403     505     265     345     260     196     350                75
                       3-May     3        5       12       50        9       4       14      6       0.5     10      10      14         8    14
                       26-May    30.5     37      43.5     102       3       16      16      124     17      59      112.5   135        10   55
                       13-Jun    46       90      22       75        155     7.5     60      257.5   19      10      60      5          3    32
                       22-Jun    3        39      14       50        11.5    20      3       0.8     9       3       10      0.8        1    3
             Geom. ave.          13       66      36       151       35      42      37      42      30      19      102     26         15   32









                Table 12. Bacterial indicator concentrations at all study sites sampled                    NH DES under random meteorological conditions.


                FECAL COLIFORMS
                DATE               5-SFR 7-CCH 11-CCH 22-CCH 5-BLM 5-OYS 8-OYS 5-U@V,@,9@P-XT 14-EXT GB2 GB13 GB15 GB21 GB22 GB50 GB80 HHIA
                            24-Aug   4       220                          3       6                4       6                5       0.8   60     54     11        1    7      10
                            7-Sep    2       133                          7       5                5       51               1       1     15     74     8         4    5      5
                            5-Oct    4       166                          6       13               2       1 8              8       1     50     91     41        0.8  6      26
                            2-Nov    220     48                           168     122              16      '105'            60      5     43     183    220       14   67     8
                            20-Dec   23      22                           2       9                6                        5       12    49     177    47        4    46
                            19-Apr   29      12                           7       8                4       26               2       20    20     29     30        0.8
                            17-May   98      112      125       75        71      183     145      46      220      220     20      11    55     146    36        31
                            14-Jun   200     200      112       92        133     158     200      24      57       18      28      2     70     330    106       22   23
                -Geom. ave.          23      78       118       83        15      24      170      8       33       63      8       3     41     106    38        4    16     10


                E. COLI
                DATE               5-SFR 7-CCH 11-CCH 22-CCH 5-BLM 5-OYS 8-OYS 5-LMP 9-EXT 14-EXT                         GB2   GB 13 GB 15    GB21   GB22 GB50 GB90 HHIA
                            24-Aug   6       1390                         4       21               3       12               4       0.8   115    63     6         4    6      11
                            7-Sep    1       240                          10      20               4       98               2       3     18     137    27        7    6      9
                            5-Oct    6       330                          3       41               3       10               15      3     131    108    88        2    13     25
                            2-Nov    280     80                           280     140              40      190              90      10    50     230    200       30   90     8
                            20-Dec   46      25                           6       23               15      19               4       11    61     140    44        11   51
                            19-Apr   21      21                           8       10               8       16               4       23    34     22     8         3
                            17-May   130     90       140       160       79      360     160      52      240      800     28      7     64     190    47        32
                            14-Jun   280     189      169       95        110     133     192      30      62    -21        4       5     105    220    97        14   16
                Geom. ave.           28      129      154       123       19      48      175      11      42       130     8       5     61     114    38        8    18     12


                ENTEROCOCCI
                DATE               5-SFR 7-CCH 11-CCH        22-CCH 5-BLM 5-OYS 8-OYS 5-LMP 9-EXT 14-EXT GB2 GB13 GB15                         GB21 GB22 GB50 GB80 HH1A
                            24-Aug   10      70                           10      9                10      9                9       9     9      10     9         9    9      40
                            7-Sep    10      50                           60      10               20      20               10      9     9      9      9         9    9      9
                            5-Oct    9       80                           9       20               9       9                10      9     50     40     20        9    10     30
                            2-Nov    110     60                           270     390              70      250              40      20    60     100    90        20   60     20
                            20-Dec   10      20                           9       io               50      9                10      10    40     50     30        9    40
                            19-Apr   9       9                            10      9                20      10               9       9     9      10     10        9
                            17-May   20      20       300       30        70      170     30       9       80       170     30      10    60     90     20        20
                            14-Jun   70      130      30        20        20      110     70       9       60       10      20      9     50     240    40        9    10
                Geom. ave.           18      41       95        24        26      32      46       18      25       41      14      10    27     37     21        11   16     22







                Table 13. Geometric average concentrations for bacteria] indicatprs at all sites common to JEL and DES.



                                      15-SFR 7-CCH 5-BLM 5-OYS 5-LMP 9-EXT GB22                       GB21     GB2 GB50 GB15 GB80 GB13 HHIA
                FECAL COLIFORMS
                JEL                        61.4    447.2     96.8    472.0      39.8   228.2    179.5 410.3     28.7    15.0   220.3    67.5    25.1    47.1
                DES                        23.5     78.1     15.2     23.7       8.0    32.8     7.8    .3.5    40.5    106.4   37.9     4.2    15.7    10.1
                DES (modified)             31.5    133.9     20.7     48.7      12.1    44.9    11.0     5.7    60.9    127.3   50.2     8.9    19.7    12.0
                Combined                   38.0    186.8     38.3    105.7      17.9    86.5    37.4    37.7    34.1    40.0    91.4    15.4    20.5    26.9
                Combined (modified)        44.0    244.7     44.8    151.6      21.9   101.2    44.4    48.3    41.8    43.7   105.2    22.9    22.6    28.6
                Wet                        72.4    419.5     100.6   471.8      41.8   250.4    142.6 129.5     45.8    45.9   228.9    42.2    30.7    55.9
                Wet (modified)             79.7    444.0     107.7   516.5      48.1   272.6    154.9 154.9     49.5    48.5   235.7    46.6    31.9    55.9
                Dry                        16.5     66.1     11.1     15.5       6.0    22.1     6.7     7.7    23.4    33.5    28.1     4.8    12.0    11.2
                Dry (modified)             20.5    113.8     14.5     31.3       8.0    28.3    17.2    15.3    33.7    38.3    37.2    10.2    14.3    12.8


                E. COLI
                JEL                        36.7    238.9     77.7    355.8      33.6   184.0    96.9  325.7     19.8    12.9   209.0    49.0    19.5    40.6
                DES                        27.8    129.4     18.5     47.6      11.3    42.2     8.1     5.3    60.9    113.5   38.2     8.4    18.0    11.9
                Combined                   31.9    175.8     38.0    130.2      19.5    88.1    28.1    41.6    34.7    38.2    89.4    19.1    18.9    26.0
                Wet                        56.2    272.2     88.8    418.0      41.9   232.8    78.7  122.8     41.8    44.4   220.5    35.1    23.9    54.0
                Dry                        15.4    100.3     12.7     29.1       7.3    25.3     7.5    10.4    27.3    31.6    28.0     9.6    13.7    10.8


                ENTEROCOCCI
                JEL                        12.5     66.3     35.8    151.4      35.1    41.6    36.8    42.3    30.0    18.5   102.1    26.1    14.7    31.6
                DES                        18.3     40.9     25.6     32.3      17.8    25.4    14.5    10.2    26.8    37.5    20.8    11.0    16.4    21.6
                Combined                   15.1     52.1     30.3     69.9      25.0    32.5    23.1    20.8    28.3    26.4    46.1    16.5    15.4    27.5
                Wet                        27.9     87.4     56.7    210.3      36.8    80.1    49.9    53.9    66.8    46.5   126.9    35.8    25.3    49.7
                Dry                          6.9    26.8     13.5     17.0      15.2    10.2     8.6     6.1       9.4  12.7    12.5     6.8      8.0   13.5








              Table 14. Concentrations and geometric mean levels (per 100 ml) of bacterial indicators
              at routine freshwater sampling sites and sites upstream of routine sites.


              FECAL COLIFORMS
              DATE               7-CCH 11-CCH 22-CCH 5-OYS 8-OYS 9-EXT 14-EXT
                           24-Aug      220                     6               6
                           7-Sep       133                     5               51
                           5-Oct       166                     13              8
                           2-Nov       48                      122             105
                           20-Dec      22                      9               16
                           19-Apr      12                      8               26
                           17-May      112  125       75       183     145     220     220
                           14-Jun      200  112       92       158     200     57      18


              Geometric average        78   118       83       24      170     33      63


              E. COLI
              DATE               7-CCH 11-CCH 22-CCH 5-OYS 8-OYS 9-EXT 14-EXT
                           24-Aug      1390                    21              12
                           7-Sep       240                     20              98
                           5-Oct       330                     41              10
                           2-Nov       80                      140             190
                           20-Dec      25-                     23              19
                           'I-O-Apr    2-1.                    10              16
                           O:iby       90   140       160      360     160     240     800
                           14-Jun      189  169       95       133     192     62      21


              Geom. ave.        1      129  154       123      48      175     42      130


              ENTEROCOM
              DATE               7-CCH 11-CCH 22-CCH 5-OYS 8-OYS 9-EXT 14-EXT
                           24-Aug      70                      9               9
                           7-Sep       50                      10              20
                           5-Oct       80                      20              9
                           2-Nov       60                      390             250
                           20-Dec      20                      10              9
                           19-Apr      9                       9               10
                           17-May      20   300       30       170     30      80      170
                           14-Jun      130  30        20       110     70      60      10


              Geom. ave.               41   95        24       32      46      25      41














             DURHAM                                   MAINE





                                                                                        43  0 5'-

                             66k5
                            GREAT BAY



                                                   PORTSMOUTH


                                       NEW HAMPSHIRE




                  q-Ex.r



                                                         ATLANTIC OCEAN



                                                                                       4255-




                                                                      10 km



                    7055                                  70 45'


          Figure 1. Sampling sites for the tributary NPS study: 1993-94.

























                         FIGURE 1 A. MEAN NI-14 CONCENTRATION FOR ALL SAMPLE%c
                                                      COMBINED


                        18.00-/'

                        16.00"

                        14.00"

                        12.00-

                        10.00-
                    Z-@ --
                    Z. --8.00-'/

                    uj   6.00-"

                         4.00-/

                         2.00'

                         0.00-r/ ------ r- I I    I    i    I    I
                                                                             C)
                                x    c\j  cc:  N         N    EL   Lo                       ce)
                                          u-             co   :E   T-        co
                                     co                            m    w    m              m
                                          U)   co   m    0    _3                  0    ca
                                          Lo        Lo        to                  to




























                                               FIGURE 2. MEAN N03 CONCENTRATION FOR ALL SAMPLES COMBINEE


                                               40-"

                                               35--@


                                               3 0


                                               25'

                                       cn
                                       0
                                      ,@z      20-/

                                       -Lu

                                                 5 f                                       V-
                                                 0 1`1 @l                                    1
                                                                             cc        Cj                           0-        Lo        F-        C)       co         C)       co
                                                                   N         LL        c\j
                                                                                                                    2                   X         co                  L0
                                                                   co        U)       m         co                  -j        co        LL)       co                  co       co
                                                                             Lo                                                                                                0
                                                                                                Lr)                 0         QD        a)        c)        Lo        c)






























                    FIGURE 3. MEAN P04 CONCENTRATION FOR ALL SAMPLES COMBINEE


                    1.4"







                    0.8"



                 ui
                    0.4'


                    0.2-11


                     0                   &@p                        lep ep
                                    c\j    C\j a-          c@     c:> c.) <
                                LL  cq             Lo      00     Lo
                                U)              2
                            m   Lo  m           -i     ui  co 0   fn  co
                                       U.)      u')           U.)




























                                                     FIGURE 4. MEAN TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS FOR ALL SAMPLE%c
                                                                                                           COMBINED



                                              40-,"

                                              35--/

                                              3 0 -/

                                      cn 25--/
                                      in
                                      tn          0-/
                                      Z_ 2




                                              10-


                                                 5-


                                                 0-
                                                        Z:                             CA                  c\j                                      c)        co        0         co         <
                                                                             u-        C\j                                                          co        >-        U-)
                                                                  m         U)         co        m                              m         w         co        0         co        fn
                                                                             Lo                  Lo                   V)                                      V)                             -r























                     FIGURE 5. MEAN NH4 CONCENTRATION (@t!Vl) FOR STORM
                                           SAMPLES


                      25-/


                      2 0-`


                      15-
                      10-1
                   Lu
                       5


                       0
                                    cr N      c%J a- u')    0      C) cf) <
                             C) clj u- N      m :E @        co     LO
                                    w co          _3           0
                                    m      Lo            m      m























                      FIGURE 6. MEAN N03 CONCENTRATION (@t]Vl) FOR STORM
                                               SAMPLES



                       4.5-/
                       40-/
                       35-
                       30-.
                    cl
                    o
                       25--
                      .25
                    Z
                       20-
                       15-
                    Lu
                       10
                          5-/                                            fa@:@        I
                         0
                                       CC C\l      C\l 0- LO      C)      CD m <
                                       LL "        m :E @         CO >- Ln @ ,
                                   rn          co (5 -1 co        co 0 m m
                               r-                                     to























                  FIGURE 7. MEAN P04 CONCENTRATION (@tM) FOR STORM
                                     SAMPLES








                ..z0.6'
                Lu 0.4'
                   0.2L          /L
                    0
                         2:    CC       N D- LO     0     CD co
                            N  LL          :E       co    LO
                            ED U) (13      _3 co w  m  0  ca CC -r
                               Lo 0  Lo    Lo 0        Lo (D (D























                         FIGURE 8. MEAN TSS (mg/1) FOR STORM SAMPLES


                      40-/

                      35-`

                      30-/
                   E  25-/
                   cn
                 ---cn 20-/

                      -15
                   Lu 10-/

                       5 -

                       0
                              m                   N   a-  m       o   U)  C=,  co
                                  N   Lj- C\J     fn  2           co  >-  Lo   -
                                  co  V)  m   co      _3  co  Lu  co  0   m    M
                                      U-)     Lo      Lo  0   m   0   Ln




























                     FIGURE 9. MEAN % ORGANIC CONTENT FOR STORM SAMPLES


                         7 0

                         6 0'

                    z    50-11

                      Z
                    cc uj 40f'
                      o  3 0
                   -Z
                    uj   20-"


                          0        Ld Ld   4 Ld 1,@i
                                                     N   0- Lo       a co C) cl
                                     cl, u-  cq                      00      LO
                                         w   m                       m 0
                                         L0      Lo      m               m



























                       FIGURE-10. MEAN STORM SAMPLING SALINITY AT TIDAL
                                                STATIONS



                   30.00-


                   25.00-


               CL 20.00-
               CL





                   10.00-

                   5.00-/

                                                                        Z-1
                   0.000                                        Z7
                          GB2     GB 13   GB 15   GB 21    GB 22 GB 50     GB80 HHlA























                      FIGURE 11. MEAN pH FOR STORM SAMPLES




                 7.8-"

                 7.6-"

                 7.4-"

                 7.2


                               - - - - - - -         - - - -



                            - - - - - - - - - - - -
                 6.6        L@l
                                     N  CL m    C)    CD co
                          Cq LL                 co    u')
                             0                  m 0
                             U-)  Lo    LC)        Lo



























                          FIGURE 12. COMPARISON OF MEAN NI-14 CONCENTRATIONS
                                FOR STORM SAMPLES AND RANDOM SAMPLES


               25.00
            =L                                                          Mean NH4 RANDOM
            a
            0
            =  20.00
            ca                                                       El Mean NH4 Storm

              1 5X 0




            z   5.00


            2    0.00
                           Z:                                01   cm   LO   0   C)    co  <
                                u-                      c\j  c\j  ca        co  LO
                                                                       co             M
                                U)   ca   -j   w   0    ca   ED
                                LO   W)   LO   0') u')  (5   0         0              0



























                            FIGURE 13. COMPARISON OF MEAN N03 CONCENTRATIONS
                                    FOR STORM SAMPLES AND RANDOM SAMPLES


                 45
              Z  40                                                                 Mean N03 RANDOM
              0
                 35
              cc 30                                                                 mean N03 storm
              z




                 1,5
              0
              z  10
              z
              <     5
              w
              2    0 t
                                                         c/)         N    N    LO C) C) CO <
                                    u-             @7<   >-    c\j c\l               CO LO
                                    U)                   0     co    M
                                    UD  u')   U'>        u')   (9    0
                                                                                    t@L


























                     FIGURE 14. COMPARISON OF MEAN P04 CONCENTRATION FOR
                              STORM SAMPLES AND RANDOM SAMPLES


               2
          z
          0  1.8
             1.6              Mean P04 RANDOM
          a: 1.4
          I--              El Mean P04 Storm


          0
             0.6
          0
          a. 0.4
          Z  0.2
          Lu   0
                                    a-                c\j c\j  LO  0    0   co
                           u-       2   @-<  :@  C-\j     co       co   LO
                                    _j  ui   0
                                             Lo
                           LO       u')          0    0























                             FIGURE 15. COMPARISON OF MEAN TSS (mg/1) FOR STORM
                                            SAMPLES AND RANDOM SAMPLES


               E  40
               z
                  35                       Mean TSS Random
                  30
               cc                          Mean TSS Storm
               1-- 25.,--
               z
               -6-2,0-
               Z
               0  15
               0
               cl) 10
               @2    5
               z                        NFI,Nr-@.
                     0
                              a: M 2                                 c\j   N    LO 0 0 co
                              0 LL -j                           c\j c\j    cn   - CO u') -
                                                                                ca    co   co    co
                                   U)     ca    I   Lu    0     M    M
                              I-    LO    LO   u')



























                          FIGURE 16. COMPARISON OF MEAN NI-14 CONCENTRATION IN
                                               DRY AND WET SAMPLES


                 25


                 20                                       MEAN NH4 DRY

                 15                                   EIMEAN NH4 WET

            z
            < - J.0-
            Lu

                  5


                  0
                     X:          Cc                      0-    Ln                cn    C)    cy)
                     C-)    N    LL                co          1--         00
                                                         2           x
                            m    U)          ino   0     -1    cn    w     co    0
                                 Lr)         Lr)         Lr)         0)          Lo    0     Q)
                                            UIL


























                   FIGURE 17. MEAN N03 CONCENTRATION FOR DRY AND WET
                                         SAMPLES


            45

            40

            35
            30                            mean no3 dry

          0
                                        El mean No3 wet
          Z-2 0

          w 15

            10

              5

              0
                                      cli     Lo                   cv) <
                     c\l u-  CIA                      co       Lo
                     co  U)  co                   x   M
                    (5   Lo  0                            0    co  co
                                 Lo       u')              u') 0   (D

























                             FIGURE 18. MEAN P04 CONCENTRATION FOR DRY AND WET
                                                              SAMPLES


                 1.6                         Mean P04 Dry
                 1.4
              2  1.2                         Mean P04 Wet
              =L




                 -0. 6-:-
              Lu
                 0.4--

                 0.2

                    0
                                      cc                        CL    Lo           C)     c/)   c)     co
                               cq     LL    c\j          co                 x      co     >-    u')
                               co     U)    m      m                        w      m      0     m      co
                               0      u')          Lo           u')                       uj


























                            FIGURE 19. COMPARISON OF MEAN TSS; CONCENTRATION
                                            FOR DRY AND WET SAMPLES


                 40

                 35                MEAN TSS DRY

                 30
              E  25                MEAN TSS WET
             cn





                 lo--

                   5

                   0
                                       C\l        (\I        Lo         C)         C)    cl)
                      C)    CIA   LL   C\l                              00         to
                            co         co                          x
                      C)                                           w          0    m     co
                                  u')       Lo          Lo         a)         Lo   0     0



























                   FIGURE 19. COMPARISON OF MEAN TSS CONCENTRATION
                               FOR DRY AND WET SAMPLES


        E 40
        z
           35          Mean TSS Dry

           30
        cc             Mean TSS Wet
           25


        0  15
        0
        co 10
        cf)
             5
        z
        <    0
        Lu                    a-              N N Lo     C) C) co
                   Q   u-         @7<     @clj c\j co    00  Lo
                          m       w
                                      0   m   m      w   co      m
                       Lo Lo  Lo      Lo

























                          Figure 20. NI-14 concentrations at FW and estuarine sites on the Cocheco
                          and Salmon Falls Rivers



                 40.00 -
                 35.00                                                     7CCH
                 30.00                                                     GB21

                 25.00                                                     5 SFR

                 2 0. &Q. -                                                GB22
              E  -   I -
              =L 15.00

                 10.00


                   5.00 --


                   0.00

                   7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/19/94              5/8/94    6/27/94
                                                                                        N


























                       Figure 21. NH4 concentration at FW and estuarine sites on the Bellamy and
                       Lamprey Rivers


                18.00                                        5 BLM
                16-00                                        G B2
                14.00 - -
                12.00 - -                                    5 LMP
             :r-:A
                -0 00
                                                             G B 15
             E- '8-00-
            =L
                6.00

                4.00

                2.00

                0.00
                 7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/19/94            5/8/94    6/27/94


























                        Figure 22. NH4 concentrations at FW and estuarine sites on the Exeter and
                        Oyster Rivers


                80.00


                70.00
                60.00                                                      9 EXT

                5 0. 0 0- -                                                GB 80

                4 0. GG                                                    5 OYS
             E - - ; -- "
             =L 30.00                                                      GB50
                20.00


                10.00
                                                                                El a
                  0.00

                   7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/19/94 5/8/94             6/27/94
























                      Figure 23. NH4 concentrations at the Piscataqua River and Hampton Harbor
                      sites



               7.00


               6.00


               5.00


               4--i 0 0                                   -E- GB13
           7Z@                                    M
            E
               -3.66                                                H H 1 A
               2.00 - -         M


               1.00 - -


               0.00
                7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/19/94               5/8/94   6/27/94
                                                                                     C


























                           Figure 24. N03 concentrations at FW and estuarine sites on the Cocheco
                           and Salmon Falls Rivers



                  100.00
                  90.00                                                XCH
                  80.00                                                GB21
                  70.00
              Cn  60-00                                                5 SFR
              0
                  5 0---GO                                             GB22
              E
              =L  40.00

                  30-00

                  20.00

                  10.00

                    0.00
                      8/6/93     9/30/93    11/24/93     1/18/94     3/14/94     5/8/94      7/2/94

























                        Figure 25. N03 concentrations at FW and estuarine sites on the Bellamy
                        and Lamprey Rivers

               30.00                                                    5 BILM
               25.00                                                    G132
            CI 20.00 -                                                  5 LMP

                                                                  0     GB15
               1.5.-OD
            E
            =L
               10.00


                 5.00


                 0.00
                 7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/19/94           5/8/94   6/27/94


























                        Figure 26. N03 concentrations at FW and estuarine sites on the Exeter and
                                                   Oyster Rivers

                30.00                                                  9 EXT

                25.00                                                  GB 80

                20.00                                                  5 OYS

            .0
             z-*   - , -                                         0     GB50
             E

                10.00


                  5.00


                  0.00
                   7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/19/94           5/8/94   6/27/94

























                      Figure 27. N03 concentrations at the Piscataqua River and Hampton Harbor
                                                      sites


               25.00

                                                                                  GB13
               20.00
                                                                                  H H 1 A

               15..Q-O - -


            E
            R, 10.00
                5.00                                                            EN %
                 0.00
                 7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/11         9/94   5/8/94   6/27/94
























                         Figure 28. P04 concentrations at FW and estuarine sites on the Cocheco
                                                and Salmon Falls Rivers


                 3.00                                                            7CCH

                 2.50                                                            GB21

                                                                                 5 SFR
                 2.00
                     -                                                           G822
                  -@5 0:- -
              E


                 1.00



                 0.50



                 0.00

                  7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/19/94               5/8/94   6/27/94
























                        Figure 29. P04 concentrations at FW and estuarine sites on the Bellamy
                       and Lamprey Rivers


               3.00


               2.50                                                              5 BLM

                                                                                 G B2
               2.00
                                                                                 5 LMP
            Q-..
               T.-@ -5 a-.
            E                                                                    G815
            =L

               1.00



               0.50



               0.00

                7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/19/94              5/8/94   6/27/94
























                        Figure 30. P04 concentrations at FW and estuarine sites on the Exeter and
                                                    Oyster Rivers


                3.00


                2.50                                                      9 EXT

                                                                          GB 80
                2.00
                                                                          5 OYS


             E                                                      0     GB50


                1.00



                0.50



                0.00
                  7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/19/94              5/8/94   6/27/94






















                      Figure 31. P04 concentrations at the Piscataqua River and Hampton Harbor
                      sites



               1.40


               1.20                                                              GB13

               1.00                                                              H H 1 A

               0.80---

            E
               0.6-0 - -


               0.40 -


               0.20 -


               0.00

                7/12/93 8/31/93 10/20/93 12/9/93 1/28/94 3/19/94              5/8/94   6/27/94










                             Figure 32. Geometric average fecal coliform concentrations for all data. Consecutive pAirs of sites
                                               are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                          200



                          180-



                          160-



                          140-



                          120-



                          100-


                      U
                           80-



                           60-



                           40-



                           20-
                                                                                          12:    L4
                            0                                                                      1
                               7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2 5-LNIP. @GB15 9-EXT                  GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HHIA











                             Figure 32A. Geometric average fecal coliform concentrations (modified State data) for all data.
                                Consecutive pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                         250






                         200-






                         150-





                     U
                         100-






                           50-


                                                                            Z@

                                   L4     14-1    L4 -1   14-            1/
                          0 1        1      1       1      1
                              7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2 5-LW GB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HH1A
                                                                               ,,Srr, E










                                Figure 33. Geometric average E. coli concentrations for all data. Consecutive pairs of sites are
                                                 freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                          180



                          160-



                          140-



                          120-



                          100-



                           80-



                           60-



                           40-



                           20-
                                            L4                                                                            za
                            0                 1       1       1
                               7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2. 5-LNW @GB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HH1A
                                                                                  ;,SITE










                      Figure 34. Geometric average enterococci concentrations for all data. Consecutive pairs of sites
                                  are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                   70




                   60-




                   50-




                   40-




                   30-
                P
                Q
                *J


                   20-




                   10-



                    0-                F-    11
                      7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22  5-BLM GB2 5-LNM  GB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HHIA
                                                            IT" E










                              Figure 35. Geometric average fecal coliform concentrations for JEL storm samples. Consecutive
                                        pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                          500



                          450-



                          400-



                          350-



                          300-



                          250-



                          200-



                          150-



                          100-



                           50

                            0                              IX-
                               7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2                5-LM?  @GB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HHIA
                                                                                   ,qT E











                             Figure 36. Geometric average E. coli concentrations for JEL storm samples. Consecutive pairs of
                                           sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                         400



                         350-




                         300-



                         250-




                         200-


                     W   150-


                         100-




                          50-

                           0-                                                                                                      -z7
                              7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM            GB2 5-LW      `.GB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HH1A
                                                                               SITE











                              Figure 37. Geometric average enterococci concentrations for JEL storm samples. Consecutive
                                       pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                         160




                         140-




                         120-




                         100-




                          80-
                      Q

                      P
                      (V  60-




                          40-




                          20-


                                                                 L4
                            0-                                     1
                              7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2 5-LNP 'GB15                  9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HHIA
                                                                                SITE











                                Figure 38. Geometric average fecal coliform concentrations for JEL storm compared to DES
                              random samples. Consecutive pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh;
                                                                           GB#=tidal).



                          500-



                          450-


                          400-                                                 JEL

                          350-                                                 DES


                          300-



                          250-

                       06
                      U
                          200-



                          150-



                          100-



                            50-



                                                                                                                EMW I WOW III
                            0
                               7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2 5-LMP                  'GB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HH1A
                                                                                   IT,@@ E
                                       4=











                               Figure 38A. Geometric average fecal coliform concentrations for JEL storm compared to DES
                               (modified data) random samples. Consecutive pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites
                                                                   (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                           500-/'


                           450-


                           400-                                                  JEL

                           350-                                                  DES


                           300-



                           250-


                       U
                           200-



                           150-


                           100-



                            50



                                7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2 5-LMP.@,GB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HHIA
                                                                                  Sff.,E











                               Figure 39. Geometric average E. coli concentrations for JEL storm compared to DES random
                                  samples. Consecutive pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh;
                                                                          GB#=tidal).


                          400-@



                          350-

                          300-                                             El jEL

                                                                              DES

                          250-



                          200-



                          150-



                          100-



                            50-



                             O-e
                               7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2 5-LUP                .,GB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HHIA
                                                                                 i,SITE










                            Figure 40. Geometric average enterococci concentrations for JEL storm compared to DES random
                                  samples. Consecutive pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh;
                                                                           GB#=tidal).


                          160-/



                          140-


                          120-                                                 JEL

                                                                               DES

                          100-



                           80-



                           60-



                           40-



                           20-



                            0
                               7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2 5-LNP.                 @GB15 9-EXT    GB80    5-OYS GB50 GB13 HHIA
                                                                                 ,;SrIrE











                            Figure 41. Geometric average fecal coliform concentrations following rainstorms or dry weather.
                                Consecutive pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                         500--@


                         450-


                         400-                                             El wet

                         350-                                                 Dry


                         300-

                      cz
                      T--4
                         250-

                      C6
                      U
                         200-



                         150-



                         100-



                           50-


                                                                                 WL
                           0
                              7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2 5-LNW GB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HHIA
                                                                                 SrYk










                               Figure 41A. Geometric average fecal coliform concentrations (modified State data) following
                               rainstorms or dry weather. Consecutive pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites
                                                                   name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                          600--/





                          500-

                                                                                            Wet

                          400-                                                              Dry



                          300-

                      CL
                      U


                          200-





                          100-





                            0                                                        -------
                               7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM             GB2 5-LNP. bB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HHIA











                               Figure 42. Geometric average E. coli concentrations following rainstorms or dry weather.
                               Consecutive pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                        450-,/



                        400-



                        350-                                               Wct

                        300-                                               Dry


                        250-


                     Lw

                        200-



                        150-



                        100-



                          50-



                          0
                             7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2              5-LMP GB15 9-EXT GB80 5-OYS GB50 GB13 HHIA
                                                                                                                                    j
                                                                              SITE










                              Figure 43. Geometric average enterococci concentrations following rainstorms or dry weather.
                                Consecutive pairs of sites are freshwater followed by tidal sites (#-name=fresh; GB#=tidal).


                         250-"




                         200-                                                 Wet

                                                                              Dry


                         150-






                         100-






                           50-






                           0
                              7-CCH GB21 5-SFR GB22 5-BLM GB2                5-LMP   GB15   9-EXT   GB80 5-OYS      GB50   GB13 HHIA
                                                                                 $ITE











                                  Figure 44. Fecal coliform concentrations at freshwater (closed symbols) and tidal (open symbols)
                                        water sites in the Cocheco (7-CCH & GB21) and Salmon Falls (5-SFR & GB22) rivers.



                    10000

                                                                                                         7-CCH


                                                                                                         GB21


                                                                                                         5-SFR
                     1000

                                                                                                         GB22






                       100


                U





                        10










                          24-     7-      9-     27-      5-      2-     18-     6-     20-     19-      3-     17-     26-     13-     14-    22-
                         Aug     Sep     Sep     Sep     Oct     Nov    Nov     Dec     Dec     Apr    May     May     May     Jun     Jun     Jun










                                   Figure 45. Fecal coliform concentrations at freshwater (closed symbols) and tidal (open symbols)
                                           water sites in the Bellamy (7-BLM & GB2) and Lamprey (5-LMP & GB15) rivers.


                                                                                                        5-BLM
                     10000
                                                                                                 D- GB2


                                                                                                        5-LMP


                                                                                                        GB15
                      1000








                       100








                        10








                                   L@j

                          24-      7-     9-      27-     5-      2-     18-      6-     20-     19-     3-     17-     26-     13-     14-    22-
                          Aug     Sep     Sep    Sep     Oct     Nov     Nov     Dec    Dec     Apr     May     May     May     Jun     Jun    Jun











                                  Figure 46. Fecal coliform concentrations at freshwater (closed symbols) and tidal (open symbols)
                                      water sites in the Exeter/Squamscott (7-EXT & GB80) and Oyster (5-OYS & GB50) rivers.


                                                                                                          9-EXT
                    10000
                                                                                                          GB80


                                                                                                          5-OYS


                      1000                                                                                GB50






                       100




                W

                U
                1064    10








                          24-      7-      9-     27-      5-      2-     18-      6-     20-     19-      3-      17-    26-      13-     14-    22-
                          Aig     Sep     Sep     Sep     Oct     Nov     Nov     Dec'I   Dec     Apr     May     May     May     Jun     Jun     Jun


                      0.1 1


                                                                                    DATE









                                    Figure 47. Fecal coliform concentrations at sites in the Piscataqua River (GB13) and Hampton
                                                                              Harbor (HHIA).



                     10000
                                                                                                         GB13


                                                                                                         HH I A


                      1000






                       100





                 C6
                U
                ;X4     10



                                                                                                                                                  El




                          24-      7-      9-     27-      5-     2-      18-     6-      20-     19-     3-     17-     26-     13-     14-     22-
                          Aug     Sep     Sep     Sep     Oct    Nov     Nov     Dec     Dec     Apr     May     May     May     Jun     Jun     Jun


                       0.1

                                                                                    DAA











                                   Figure 48. E. coli concentrations at freshwater (closed symbols) and tidal (open symbols) water
                                            sites in the Cocheco (7-CCH & GB21) and Salmon Falls (5-SFR & GB22) rivers.



                     10000                                                                            7-CCH


                                                                                                      GB21


                                                                                                      5-SFR


                      1000                                                                            GB22







                       100








                        10









                          24-     7-      9-      27-     5-      2-      18-     6-     20-     19-      3-     17-     26-     13-     14-     22-
                          Aug     Sep     Sep     Sep     Oct    Nov     Nov     Dec     Dec     Apr     May     May     May     Jun     Jun     Jun
                                                                                   6A@ TIE










                                Figure 49. E. coli concentrations at freshwater (closed symbols) and tidal (open symbols) water
                                          sites in the Bellamy (7-BLM & GB2) and Lamprey (5-LMP & GB15) rivers.


                                                                                               5-BLM
                   1000
                                                                                               GB2


                                                                                               5-LMP


                                                                                               GB15



                    100










                     10











                       24-     7-      9-    27-     5-      2-     18-    6-     20-    19-     3-     17-    26-     13-    14-    22-
                       Aug     Sep    Sep    Sep     Oct    Nov    Nov    Dec    @.@Dec  Apr    May    May     May     Jun    Jun    Jun
                                                                             1)4kT@











                                   Figure 50. E. coli concentrations at freshwater (closed symbols) and tidal (open symbols) water
                                         sites in the Exeter/Squamscott (7-EXT & GB80) and Oyster (5-OYS & GB50) rivers.



                    10000
                                                                                                        GB80


                                                                                                        5-OYS


                                                                                                 0      GB50
                     1000








                      100








                        10









                          24-     7-      9-      27-     5-      2-      18-     6-     20-     19-     3-      17-     26-     13-     14-     22-
                         Aug     Sep     Sep     Sep     Oct     Nov     Nov     Dec     Dec     Apr    May     May     May      Jun     Jun     Jun
                                                                                   I% - '; V
                                                                                   DATE











                                    Figure 51. E. coli concentrations at sites in the Piscataqua River (GB13) and Hampton Harbor
                                                                                   (HHIA).



                     10000

                                                                                                         GB13


                                                                                                         HH I A


                      1000






                       100






                        10









                          24-      7-      9-     27-      5-      2-     18-     6-      20-     19-     3-      17-    26-      13-    14-     22-
                          Aug     Sep     Sep     Sep     Oct     Nov     Nov    D e c    Dec    Apr     May     May     May     Jun     Jun     Jun


                        0.1

                                                                                    DATE











                                   Figure 52. Enterococci concentrations at freshwater (closed symbols) and tidal (open symbols)
                                        water sites in the Cocheco (7-CCH & GB21) and Salmon Falls (5-SFR & GB22) rivers.


                                                                                                         7-CCH
                    10000
                                                                                                         GB21


                                                                                                         5-SFR


                     1000                                                                                GB22





                      100






                        10
                Q








                          24-     7-      9-      27-     5-       2-     18-      6-     20-     19-      3-     17-     26-     13-     14-     22-
                         Aug      Sep     Sep     Sep     Oct     Nov     Nov     bec,    Dec     Apr    May      May    May      Jun     Jun     Jun


                       0.1
                                                                                    i)A:I'E










                                   Figure 53. Enterococci concentrations at freshwater (closed symbols) and tidal (open symbols)
                                         water sites in the Bellamy (7-BLM & GB2) and Lamprey (5-LMP & qB15) rivers.

                                                                                                       5-BLM
                    1000

                                                                                                       GB2


                                                                                                       5-LMP


                                                                                               0       GB15
                     100








                      10








                        24-      7-      9-     27-     5-      2-      18-     6-     20-     19-             17-     26-     13-     14L    22-
                        Aig     Sep     Sep     Sep     Oct    Nov     Nov     Dec'    Dec     Apr     May     May    May      Jun     Jun    Jun



                     0.1
                                                                                 ]jAT!k











                                   Figure 54. Enterococci concentrations at freshwater (closed symbols) and tidal (open symbols)
                                     water sites in the Exeter/Squamscott (7-EXT & GB80) and Oyster (5-OYS & GB50) rivers.


                                                                                                      9-EXT
                    10000
                                                                                                      GB80


                                                                                                      5-OYS


                     1000                                                                             GB50






                      100

                W





                       10
                                                                                                       0






                         24-      7-     9-     27-      5-     2-      18-     6-'    20-     19-     3-      17-    26-     13-     14-    22-
                         A ig    Sep     Sep    Sep     Oct     Nov    Nov     Dec',   Dec     Apr    May     May     May     Jun     Jun    Jun


                      0.1

                                                                                 D.ATE











                                                                                                                                                              00

                                                                                                                                                             eq


                                     Figure 55. Enterococci concentrations at sites in the Piscataqua River (GB13) and Hampton
                                                                              Harbor (HHlA).                                                                 00
                                                                                                                                                             (0
                                                                                                                                                             CD
                                                                                                                                                             CD
                     1000                                                                                GB 13

                                                                                                         HHIA




                      100








                       10


                 P

                                                                                                                                                  El





                         2, t-    7-      9-     27-      5-      2-     18-      6-     20-     19-      3-     17-     26-     13-     14-     22-
                         Aig     Sep     Sep     Sep     Oct     Nov     Nov     Dec     Dec     Apr     May     May     May     Jun     Jun     Jun



                      0.1


                                                                                   DATE