[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]




          SOUTHEAST AND SOUTH FLORIDA DISTRICT
                   WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT
                 1994 305 (b) TECHNICAL APPENDIX









                        FT.MYERS





          WATER QUALITY
             GOOD
             THREATENED
             FAIR
             POOR
             UNKNOWN








                                                                          MIAMI














     JOE HAND, JANA COL, AND ERIC GRIMISON
     BUREAU OF SURFACE WATER MANAGEMENT
     FLORIDA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION     .4
     NOVEMBER, 1994                          %    40000'a









                                                  INDEX TO RIVER BASINS




                                                                          TAYLOR CREEK
                                                                             PAGE 64,.,,,Ll




                                                                        FISHEATING
                                                                          CREEK
                                                                          PAGE 32        LAKE
                                                                                     OKFECHOBEE
                                                                          -/-          PAGE 43


                                                            CALOOSAHATCHE R.
                                                                 PAGE W





                                                                                           SOUTHEAST COAST
                                                                                                PAGE 50




                                                                 EVERGLADES
                                                              SOUTHWEST COAST
                                                                   PAGE 24






















                                                                                  K@S
                                                                                PAI E
                                                  CCALOC,F

                                                              SO,
















                         1994 WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT
                                      FOR THE
                                 STATE OF FLORIDA





                               TECHNICAL APPENDIX



                             Submitted in accordance with the
                                Federal Clean Water Act
                                     Section 305(b)







                                    November, 1994





                            Standards and Monitoring Section
                          Bureau of Surface Water Management
                               Division Of Water Facilities














                                                           PREFACE


               This report is produced to inform Floridians and the EPA about surface water quality conditions
               and trends in Florida. Originally produced in 1978, this report has been updated every two years
               since, and has gone through many changes. The items listed below identify the major format
               changes which distinguish this report from its predecessor.

               *   Rezional Reports - The large size of the statewide report (550 pages) necessitated its
                   subdivision into 5 regional reports which correspond roughly with Department of
                   Environmental Protection District Office boundaries (South and Southeast District Office
                   reports are under one cover).
               *   Watersheds versus Reaches - In 1992 the State's rivers, lakes and estuaries were subdivided
                   into 1600 'reaches' and the assessment was based on this reach structure, however much of
                   the State's waters were not contained within the reaches. For 1994, the assessed area has been
                   enlarged to cover the entire State by dividing the State into 4400 watersheds. The original ,
                   1600 reaches remain pretty much intact within the new watersheds, and the terminology now
                   includes watershed and waterbody rather than reach.
               9   ARCANFO Water Ouality Color Maps GIS techniques were used to produce color maps
                   depicting water quality (designated use support) in each river basin. Watersheds were color
                   coded based on good, threatened, fair or poor water quality designations.
               0   New Nonuoint Source Oualitative Survey - A nonpoint source qualitative survey was
                   performed in 1988 and has been updated and included in this report for 1994. The survey used
                   the same watersheds which were used to assess the water quality data and the qualitative
                   results were integrated into this report to both supplement the quantitative information and to
                   provide information when no quantitative information was available.
               0   Current versus Historic Data - Water quality data were examined for two time periods:
                   current data from 1989-1993 and historic data from 1970-1988. astoric data were used to
                   assess waterbodies only when there was no current data available.















                                           TABLE OF CONTENTS





            Index to River Basins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      i


            Preface  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     iii


            Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      iv


            List of Abbreviations   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      v


            Executive Summary/Overview  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     vi



            Introduction and Methods  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      1
                 Watershed as the Assessment Unit    . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     2
                 Inventory of STORET Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      2
                 Florida Stream Water Quality Index Procedure    . . . . . . . . .     5
                 Trophic State Index Procedure  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      8
                 Screening Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     11
                 Trend Analysis   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     11
                 Toxic Pollutant Assessment   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     13
                 Nonpoint Source Assessment   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     13
                 Making Use Support Determinations   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    15


            Caloosahatchee River  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     17
            Everglades West Coast   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     24
            Fisheating Creek  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     32
            Florida Keys  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     38
            Lake Okeechobee   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     43
             outheastern Florida  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     50
            Taylor Creek  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     64
            S













                                                 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS


               We would like to express our gratitude to all of the professionals that supplied us with water
               quality data and reports, responded to surveys, and answered telephone inquiries concerning the
               status of waterbodies in their area. The quality of this report has been greatly enhanced by their
               efforts.


               Many individuals in the District Offices reviewed the report on their sections of the State. These
               individuals include Rick Bradburn, Glenn Butts, Donald Ray, and Tone Touart-Rohlke in the
               Northwest District; Cathy Krestalude, Ernie Frey, Lee Banks, Angela Halfacre, and Jim Wright of
               the Northeast District ; Eric Pluchino and Dave Herbster of the Central District; Paul Wierzbicki,
               Herb Zebuth, and John Moulton of the Southeast District; Gordon Romeis of the South District,
               and Pat Fricano of the Southwest District. Sid Flannery of the Southwest Florida Water
               Management District also reviewed the report for his area.

               The Nonpoint Source Stormwater Section put in a tremendous amount of work on the 1994
               Nonpoint Source Assessment Survey. This team included Kent Cain, Ellen McCarron, and Mike
               Scheinkman. Don Foose, recently retired from the USGS .spent four years delineating and
               digitizing the new watersheds. Bernadette Howe, formerly with the St. Johns River Water
               Management District, provided much of the foundation work on GIS techniques for handling
               watersheds and water quality data and mapping the information.

               Several of the DEP Tallahassee staff are to be thanked for their support and review of the final
               document including Don Axelrad, Vivian Garfein, Mark Latch and Richard Harvey, and Machelle
               Jarmon, who produced numerous draft copies of this text.




















                                                                                                            iv














                                           List of Abbreviations





            AWT     advanced wastewater treatment
            BAS     DEP basin water quality study
            BMPs    best management practices
            BOD     biochemical oxygen demand
            cfs     cubic feet per second
            DEP     Department of Environmental Protection
            DO      dissolved oxygen
            EAA     Everglades Agricultural Area
            EPA     Environmental Protection Agency
            FGFWFC Florida Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission
            MGD     millions of gallons per day
            NPDES     National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
            NPS       nonpoint source
            NWFWMD    Northwest Florida Water Management District
            OFW       Outstanding Florida Waters
            REACH     an EPA-designated waterbody or portion of a waterbody
            SFWMD     South Florida Water Management District
            SJRWMD    St. Johns River Water Management District
            SRWMD     Suwannee River Water Management District
            STORET    EPA's water quality data STOrage and RETrieval system
            SWFWMD    Southwest Florida Water Management District
            swim      Surface Water Improvement and Management
            TKN       total Kjeldahl nitrogen (organic nitrogen and ammonia)
            TSI       trophic state index
            WIA       wasteload allocation
            WMD       Water Management District
            WQI       water quality index
            WWTP      wastewater treatment plant











                                          EXECUTIVE SUMMARY/OVERVIEW


              The 305(b) Technical Report provides useful surface water quality related information in a format
              that is helpful to managers, planners, permit staff, and laymen, as well as water quality experts.
              For each of the 52 basins, a narrative summary, a map, and data tables identify the quality and
              trends of Florida's waterbodies, the causes of water quality problems, and the present regulatory
              activities conducted by DEP and EPA to improve the problem areas. It is the most widely
              circulated water quality assessment in the State, and also serves as the support document for the
              Surface Water Section of the 1994 305(b) Water Quality Assessment Main Report submitted to
              EPA.


              The assessment required analysis of the available STORET water quality data for the 1970-1993
              time period (STORET is EPA!s computerized water quality database). Data from approximately
              4,000 stations are assessed in this report, necessitating the extensive use of computerized
              assessment techniques. Water quality assessment techniques used to identify problem areas
              included: water quality indices, screening level exceedances, statistical trend analysis, information
              from special studies, and interviewing local experts. The 305(b) assessment also includes
              information from the 1994 DEP Nonpoint Source Assessment Survey (which is based on the
              responses of 50 Florida agencies).

                                          Statewide Results From the Main Report

              In the 1992 305(b) assessment report, Florida was subdivided into 1600 reaches which were
              based on EPA's RF2 (river reach file #2). A reach was defined as a 5 mile long section of river, or
              5 square mile section of lake or estuary. Only major waterbodies were assessed in the 1992 report
              due to the resolution limitations imposed by the RF2 file. For 199  4, Florida has been subdivided
              into 4400 watersheds based on EPA's RF3 and USGS watershed delineations. Many more miles
              of Florida waterbodies were assessed (50% more river miles, 30% more lake miles, and 20%
              more estuary miles) due to the increased number of watersheds available for assessment and due
              to efforts to collect more ambient data and store the data into STORET. Table I and Figure I
              show the mileages of Florida waters which were assessed in this year's report. A striking feature
              shown in Figure I is that 77% of river miles have unknown quality. This large percentage is due
              to the fact that EPA classified Florida's many ditches and canals as rivers, which were not
              assessed in this report.

              A quantitative summary of the State's water quality was accomplished by determining the degree
              of designated use support for the different waterbody types. The vast majority of assessed Florida
              waterbodies meet or partially meet their designated use (92% of the river miles, 8 1 % of the lake
              miles, and 96% of the estuary miles). Figure 2 shows that the river and estuary results are fairly
              similar, however the lake results show generally worse overall quality than the rivers and estuaries
              with fewer miles in the "meets use" category and more miles in the "does not meet use" category.
              Interestingly enough, this year's lake assessment brought in many more small lakes with good


                                                                                                                    Vi









                overall quality, however, Florida's largest I     akes (Lake Okeechobee and Lake George) still
                overwhelm the State average with their large mileages of fair to poor quality.


                It is very important to address both the sources of pollution and trends in water quality. In the
                past, the majority of identified water quality problems in the State were caused by point sources,
                including both domestic and industrial sources. Recently, however, nonpoint sources accounted
                for the majority of Florida's water quality problems. This is due to the fact that point source
                treatment processes have improved while there has been an increase in acreage of agricultural and
                urban developed land and their associated runoff.


                Water quality trend analysis was performed on waterbodies which had sufficient data for analysis
                (467 out of 4400 waterbodies). The majority (70%) of these waterbodies (as seen in Figure 3)
                exhibited no significant trends. Five times as many waterbodies (24%) have improving water
                quality trends as have degrading trends. The improved water quality trends were generally the
                result of wastewater treatment plant upgrades or the additions of new regional WWTPs and
                nonpoint source controls in Tampa, Orlando and several other cities (as seen in Figure 4). Five
                percent of the waterbodies assessed for trends showed degrading trends; however, there are no
                regional patterns for degrading trends similar to the improving trends. The causes of degrading
                trends included point sources and nonpoint sources. Statewide trend detection is limited for the
                following reasons:

                         I .   Only one-tenth of the waterbodies are assessed for trends.
                         2.    The primary focus of our monitoring network is not trend assessment; most of our
                               stations are frequently moved, and there are very few sites with long-term, monthly
                               data.
                         3.    Our trend assessment technique is tailored to the problem identified in #2, thus, it
                               only identified relatively drastic changes in water quality. Subtle water quality
                               changes due to population growth or nonpoint source treatment improvements are
                               not picked up by this analysis.



                Table 1. Mileages of Florida Waters Assessed


                                       Monitored 1.                   Evaluated 2.    Unknown 3.      Total
                River (miles)          7,025                          4,855           39,9782.        51,858
                Lake (sq. miles)       1,541                           400              124           2,064
                Estuary (sq. miks)     2,417                          1,290             347           4,054
                1. Monitored data includes 1989-1993 STORET data.
                2. Qualitative information or older STORET data (1970-1988)
                3. This number includes 25,909 miles of ditches and canals which have not been assessed.




                                                                                                                                vii










                 Table 2. Overall Designated Use Support Summary

                  NVERS                                              (All size units in Miles)
                  Degree of use support                       Evaluated      Monitored        Total

                  Fully Supporting                            1116           4378             5495
                  Supporting but Threatened                   2259             0              2259
                  Partially Supporting                        1139           2093             3232
                  Not Supporting                              342            554              895

                  Total Size Assessed                         4856           7025             11881





                 LAKES                                            (All size units in Square Miles)
                 Degree of use support                        Evaluated      Monitored        Total

                 Fully Supporting                             213            494              707
                 Supporting but Threatened                    100             0               100
                 Partially Supporting                         53             714              766
                 Not Supporting                               34             332              366


                 Total Size Assessed                          400            1541             1940





                 ESTUARIES                                        (All size units in Square Miles)
                 Degree of use support                        Evaluated      Monitored        Total

                 Fully Supporting                             501            1427             1928
                 Supporting but Threatened                    402             0               402
                 Partially Supporting                         358            851              1209
                 Not Supporting                               28             139              167


                 Total Size Assessed                          1290           2417             3707




                 Evaluated means qualitative information or older STORET data (1970-1988).
                 Monitored means recent STORET data (1989-1993).












                                                                                                                                        viii











                                          FIGURE 1. MILES MONITORED, EVALUATED AND UNKNOWN



                                                            77

                                     80
                                                                                                            60
                                                            ..... .....

                                                          ......... ..
                                                                                47
                                     60
                                                          ......... ..                                                                      8MONITORED
                                                          ........ .....
                               0                                                             41
                          LL Lu      50                   .........
                                                          .... ... . . . ..
                          0 -1                                                                                                              13EVALUATED
                                     40Z
                                                          ........ .....               . .......
                          z                                                                                                                 E3 UNKNOWN
                          Lu 4C      30
                                     20
                                                                                                                           8
                          uj
                                     lo@                  ......
                                                                                         ....... ....
                          CL
                                     0                    ......                         .......
                                                 RIVERS                        LAKES                     ESTUARIES




                                     FIGURE 2. DESIGNATED USE SUPPORT IN FLORIDA WATERBODIES


                                               65
                               70-                                                                                   63

                               60.
                               50.                                                  42
                          0
                          I.-                                                                                                                           13YES
                          u.   40V
                          0                                                                                                                             0 PARTIAL
                          z    30.                                                                                                                      ONO
                               20,Z
                          Lu
                                                                                             ...............
                                                                                             .......... .......
                          9L
                               10V                              . .....

                                  0-
                                                 RIVERS                             LAKES                         ESTUARIES



                               FIGURE 3. TEN YEAR WATER QUALITY TREND ANALYSIS FOR FLORIDA
                                                                   WATERBODIES (1984-1993)

                                     80-                                          7?      72       68
                               ca    70-1Z
                                                                                             Agar'..
                               Ui
                                                                                               ..... .... .
                                                                                             .......... ..
                               0
                                     r'oV
                                                                                             ..........

                                     50-
                                                                                             ................
                                                                                                                                                      BRIVER
                                                                                             ..........
                                     40-z
                                                                                               ... .......                                            0 LAKE
                                                                                             ..........
                               0                                                                                                                      OESTUARY
                                     30-z          24 23
                                                                                             ..........
                                                                                             ......... ......
                               z
                                                                   ......                    .........
                                                            ...... . . . .
                               w                                                             .......
                                                                                             ............
                                     20-Z
                                                            .......... .
                                                                                                                                 6
                               Lu      z
                               IL    10-                                                                           4
                                                                                               .....                        .....

                                     0                                                                                     .........
                                                  BETTER                       NO CHANGE                         WORSE

                                                                      WATER QUALITY TREND








                                                                                                                                                                                       ix






                   Ten Year Florida Water Quality Trends
                                          (1984-1993)





                                        V8













                       10 year water quality trend
                            Better
                            No change
                            Worse










              Florida's surface water quality is displayed on the map on the cover of the main report. Two
              important conclusions can be drawn from this figure: first, the majority of Florida's surface water
              has good quality; and second, the majority of problems are found in Central and South Florida.

              The sparsely populated northwest and west-central sections of the State have relatively better
              water quality than other areas. Water quality problem areas in the State are evident around the
              densely populated, major urban areas including: Jacksonville, Orlando, Tampa, Pensacola, the
              Cape Kennedy area and the southeastern Florida coast. Other areas of poor water quality, not
              associated with population, are found in basins with intense agricultural usage.

              Pollution sources and problems in Florida are varied. The State does not have extensive
              industrialization, but rather localized concentrations of heavy industry centered mostly in urban
              areas. Many of the problems found in surface waters in urban areas can be attributed to industrial
              discharges. Silviculture, agriculture and various types of animal husbandry are a large part of
              Florida's current and historical economy. Furthermore, Florida has undergone rapid population
              growth over the past two decades and this continues. This has resulted in more pollution sources
              associated with residential development.

              Florida's major surface water quality problems can be summarized into five general categories

                     1.   Urban Stormwater. Stormwater carries a wide variety of pollutants from nutrients to
              toxicants. Siltation and turbidity associated with construction activities can also be a major
              problem. Problem areas are concentrated around urban centers and miffor, quite well, the
              population map of the State. Current stormwater rules and growth management laws address this
              problem for new sources, but are difficult to monitor and enforce.

                     2.   Agricultural Runoff. The major pollutants involved include nutrients, turbidity,
              BOD, bacteria and herbicides/pesticides. These pollutants generally do their worst damage in
              lakes and slow moving rivers and canals, and sometimes, the receiving estuary. Problems are
              concentrated in the central and southern portions of the State, and in several of the rivers entering
              the State from the north. Traditionally, agricultural operations have had far more lenient
              regulation than point sources; however, there is increasing recognition of the need for improved
              treatment of runoff water.


                     3.-Domestic Wastewater. This is an area that has shown significant improvement in the
              last decade. Most of the waterbodies with improving water quality trends can be traced to
              wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) upgrades. Further advancements are being encouraged with
              design innovations such as wastewater discharge to wetlands, water reIuse and advanced
              treatment. Still, a problem exists in the rural areas of the State where financial and technological
              resources are limited. Consequently, several of these poorly operating facilities are polluting
              some of Florida's relatively pristine natural waterbodies. Also, septic tank leachate contributes to
              the degradation of many of Florida's waterbodies.



                                                                                                             Xi








                      4. Industrial Wastewater. Most notable among these are the pulp and paper mills.
              Because of the volume and nature of their discharge, all of the pulp and paper mills operating in
              the State seriously degrade their receiving waters. The phosphate and fertilizer industries are
              major pollution sources (both point and nonpoint) in several of Florida's surface water basins. In
              addition, the mining of phosphate causes surface water hydrological modifications and major land
              use disturbances.


                      5.   Hydrological Modifications. This can take the form of damming running waters,
              channelizing slow moving waters, or dredging, draining and filling wetlands. Such modifications
              are not strictly pollution sources. However, in most cases where the natural hydrological regime
              was modified (mostly for water quantity purposes) water quality problems have ensued. Rating
              the effect of hydrologic modification is difficult. Dredge and fill activities result in a loss of
              habitat. Disruption of wetlands with a resultant net loss of area reduces the buffering and filtering
              capacities and biological potential of wetlands. This is a particularly important problem in
              estuaries. The loss of seagrasses and other marine habitats can seriously affect the maintenance of
              a viable fishery.


              The assessment of public health and aquatic life impacts uncovered several areas of concern,
              Many of these problems are associated with estuaries and are of a persistent nature. Fish with
              Ulcerative Disease Syndrome are still present in the lower St. Johns River. This problem was first
              identified in the early to mid-80s. Second, major fish kills (as many as I million fish) occurred in
              the Pensacola Bay system over the past two years. The more massive of these kills occurred in
              Bayou Chico. Bacterial contamination in the water and contaminated sediments of the Miami
              River threaten Biscayne Bay. Many urban estuaries throughout the State have elevated levels of
              metals and organic contaminants in their sediments. Examples are Tampa Bay, St. Johns River
              Estuary and Pensacola Bay. The continued loss of fishery habitat from dredge and fill and
              construction activities is a threat to the maintenance of a viable fishery. The extensive die off of
              mangroves and seagrasses and algal blooms in Florida Bay are an important State concern. The
              probable cause is the extensive channelization and hydrological modification of the bay's
              watershed exacerbated in recent years by a lack of flushing from hurricanes, high water
              temperature and high salinity.

              On the positive side, seagrasses have increased in area in Tampa Bay and there has been an
              improvement in water quality in Hillsborough Day.

              Three other problems exist which are also of a persistent nature, but largely impact fresh water
              systems. First, fish consumption advisories for largemouth bass continue to be issued because of
              elevated mercury concentrations in their tissue. Second, a no fish consumption advisory has been
              issued for the Fenholloway River. Elevated levels of dioxin were found in fish from this stream.
              This waterbody receives effluent from a pulp mill. The third problem is the coliform bacteria
              contamination of the Miami River. Sources of this contamination are illegal sewer connections to

                                                                                                                   Xii









              the stormwater pipe system, leaking or broken sewer lines, and direct discharges of raw sewage
              when pump stations have exceeded their capacity. During acute contamination events (direct
              discharge of sewage) coliform bacteria counts in the Miami River and adjoining waters of
              Biscayne Bay are hundreds of times higher than State criteria. Efforts are being made by the City
              of Miami and Dade County to correct these problems.




                              South Florida Region Basin-by-Basin Evaluation of Water Quality

              The quality of Florida waters is graphically depicted on basin maps which follow each basin
              description. Areas of good, fair, and poor quality are readily discernible on these maps. The
              following is a summary of the status of the quality of waters in south Florida:

              This part of the State has had extensive surface hydrologic modification. Large areas, that were
              once low-lying swamps, are now man-made canals designed for flood control and reclamation of
              land. Much of the once-inundated lands are used for intensive agriculture or urban development.
              Other significant portions of the marsh land are used for water storage and recharge or are
              preserved in State and federal holdings.

              The Caloosahatchee River has mostly been channelized from Lake Okeechobee to the Gulf of
              Mexico. It receives agricultural runoff. Biological diversities are lower in the river than in its
              tributaries. The estuarine portion receives urban runoff and some wastewater discharge and
              exhibits water quality problems. The City of Cape Coral recently connected its first home to a
              dual use water system. That system allows treated effluent and canal water to be used for
              irrigation.



              Several streams drain into Lake Okeechobee. The Fisheating Creek basin has no major pollution
              problems, although rangeland and agricultural runoff have resulted in some depressed DO
              concentrations. The five small streams that compose the Taylor Creek Basin (north of Lake
              Okeechobee) have some of the poorest water quality in the State. They are severely impacted by
              dairy-farm runoff.


              Lake Okeechobee exhibits fair overall quality. The northern section of the lake receives excessive
              nutrient loads from Kissimmee River and from the streams in the Taylor Creek basin. The
              southern section of the lake receives nutrient loading from historic backpumping of agricultural
              lands (which still occasionally occurs). These lands are primarily planted in sugar cane and
              vegetables and are sprayed with various pesticides and/or fertilizers. Backpumping, which is now
              much reduced, occurs only during drought periods. There is a concerted effort by DEP and the


                                                                                                               Xiii








             South Florida Water Management District to reverse the trend of worsening water quality in Lake
             Okeechobee. Lake Okeechobee serves as the hub of a flood control system that involves five
             major cA nals that run east and southeast of the lake through water conservation areas and the
             Everglades to the Atlantic Ocean. These major canals are greatly subdivided and dammed for
             flood control purpoges. The canals, along with the residential finger-canal systems which are
             located along the Intracoastal Waterway and the Biscayne Bay area, make up most of the water
             systems of the Southeast Coast basin. The canals are characterized by high nutrient levels, low
             DO concentrations and poor flushing. Vish kills occur periodically 'as a result of the low DO.
             Water quality in the western teaches of these canals near the lake is poor due to agricultural
             runoff. The Water quality of the canals in the eastern section of the basin depends on the degree
             of urbanization surrounding thdffi And domestic point sources. Areas of relatively good water
             quality in the Southeast Coast basin are the Savannas near Ft. Pierce, portions of the St. Lucie
             and Ukahatehee Rivas and their estuaries, portions of Lake Worth, and the more open areas of
             Biscayne Ba:y. The marshes constituting t   .he water conservation areas and most of the Everglades
             National Park are also included in this basin and have good water quality but are threatened by
             nutrient loading from agricultural areas. Largemout   Ih bass in the &vannas Marsh, Everglades,
             and Conservation Areas 2and 3 had high enoughfissue concentrationsof mercury to warrant no
             consumption advisories.

             A t.hree year lawsuit against DEP and the SVWMD filed by the U. S. Department of Justice for
             water quality violations in the Everglades -and Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge has been
             settled. Nutrient enrichment hag causedor contributed to four violations of Florida's Class III
             water quality criteria. These include imbalances of flora or fauna, dominance of nuisance species,
             biological integrity, and dissolved' oxygen.

             Waterb6dies in portiont,of southern -Florida that areheavily urbanized @have a different set of
             problems than those in agricultural areas. Urbanrunoff.and'higtoric wastewater discharges have
             created serious problems forthese water-bodies. Of particular concern are the New River in
             Br6ward County and the Miami River"in Dade County. TheNewRlver@receives discharges from
             improperly functioning septic tanks, vessels, industrial activities, and rundff. Metals enrichment of
             sediments has been found at -niarina'sites.


             The Miami River has serious problems with high coliform counts and contaminated sediments.
             Overload @of the sewer system during -periods,of:high inflow of,stormwater or groundwater results
             in discharges of sewage. A more chronic,problem of high @colifbrm counts exists because of illegal
             connections of sewer lines to the stormwater system, leaking -,pipes -and joints, and broken pipes.
             Sediments are contaminated with heavy metals, pesticides, and oTganic -pollutants; sources of
             these,pollutants,includes-stormwater -runoff, domestic and industrial waste -discharges, and
             biocides used @on vessels.



                                                                                                                 Xiv









             The Florida Keys have good water quality except for problems in some of the manmade canals, in
             the marina areas, and in the port at Key West. There are also localized problems around some of
             the wastewater discharges. Biological problems have become evident with the die-off of
             seagrasses and mangroves. High temperature, high salinity and lack of flushing from hurricanes
             have been implicated as causes of the seagrass die-off.










































                                                                                                            XV










                                   INTRODUCTION AND METHODS


                   This section describes the water quality assessment procedures used by the Bureau of
                   Surface Water Management to prepare the 1994 Florida Water Quality Inventory
                   [305(b)].  The procedures are:



                           1.      Divide State into Assessment Watersheds.
                           2.      Inventory STORET data.
                           3.      Calculate Stream Water Quality Index (WQI).
                           4.      Calculate Lake/Estuary Trophic State Index (TSI).
                           5.      Apply Screening Levels.
                           6.      Conduct Trend Analysis.
                           7.      Conduct Toxic Pollutant Assessment.
                           8.      Conduct Nonpoint Source Assessment.

                   Florida's 52 major river basins were subdivided into 4400 watersheds of approximately
                   five square miles each. The predominate waterbody within each watershed was identified
                   and classified as a lake, stream, or estuary. Each watershed and its waterbody formed an
                   assessment unit and all water quality stations within the watershed were aggregated as if
                   they were from the same site (the stations were screened for unwanted sites, such as, point
                   source discharge sites). A water quality inventory was performed on EPA!s STORET
                   database. The inventory included the years 1970 through 1993 and was classified as
                   recent (1989-1993) or historic (1970-1988). Tables of water quality data were prepared
                   for each of Florida's 52 basins. Three procedures were then used to assess the water
                   quality data. A Water Quality Index was calculated to determine the overall quality of
                   Florida streams and rivers. The Water Quality Index summarizes information from six
                   categories including water clarity (turbidity and total suspended solids), dissolved oxygen,
                   oxygen demanding substances (biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand,
                   and total organic carbon), nutrients (total nitrogen and total phosphorus), bacteria (total
                   coliform and fecal coliform), and macroinvertebrate diversity index (based on natural
                   substrate samples, artificial substrate samples and Beck's Biotic Index). The water quality
                   of lakes and estuaries is described by the Trophic State Index which is a measure of the
                   potential for algal or aquatic weed growth. The components which make up the Trophic
                   State Index include total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll and Secchi depth.
                   Screening levels for 19 water quality parameters were also used to determine the quality
                   of Florida lakes, estuaries and streams.

                   The water quality indices and screening levels have all been tailored to FloriUs water
                   quality by using the actual distribution of Florida data to determine the water quality
                   criteria used by the procedures. Specific information on each of the procedures is
                   described in the following sections.











                                              Watershed as the Assessment Unit

                  In the 1992 305(b) assessment report, Florida  was subdivided into 1600 reaches which
                  were based on EPA's RF2 (river reach file #2). A reach was defined as a 5 mile long
                  section of river, or 5 square mile section of lake or estuary. Only major waterbodies were
                  assessed in the 1992 report due to the resolution limitations imposed by the RF2 file. For
                  1994, Florida has been subdivided into 4400 watersheds based on EPA's RF3 and USGS
                  watershed delineations. The original 1600 reach delineations have been kept intact,
                  however, many additional watersheds have been added due to the increased resolution of
                  RF3 and the USGS watersheds which cover the entire State. USGS was contracted to
                  develop useable, small watersheds (approximately 5 square miles) using watershed
                  boundaries identified on USGS topological maps and ARC/INFO GIS techniques. USGS
                  completed 75% of the State, but unfortunately they did not delineate watersheds in south
                  Florida (USGS subregion 0309). Watersheds for South Florida were adapted from a
                  much coarser delineation developed by the South Florida Water Management District. The
                  resulting watersheds in this area are about 50 square miles each, ten times larger than
                  those for the rest of the State.


                  The major waterbody within each watershed was identified and named. Usually each
                  watershed encompassed one major or one minor named waterbody (similar to the 1992
                  reach structure). The length of each stream waterbody and the area of lake and estuary
                  waterbodies is essential information. The length of stream waterbodies was determined by
                  GIS measurements of the RF3 trace ( or assigned a length of 5 miles if no RF3 trace was
                  available). The area of lake and estuary waterbodies was determined with crude GIS aerial
                  measurement techniques (if estuary waterbodies had no RF3 traces, their area was set to
                  5 square miles and unknown lake waterbodies were assigned an area of I square mile).
                  The water quality within each waterbody is assumed to be homogenous (if data prove this
                  assumption to be wrong, then the waterbody was subdivided). GIS techniques were used
                  to assign STORET sites to their respective watersheds and the location of each site was
                  visually inspected on a GIS map. If more than one named waterbody showed up in a
                  watershed (based on the STORET data within a watershed), then the watershed was
                  subdivided.
                                                     Inventory of STORET Data

                  An inventory of data was retrieved from STORET for the 1970-1993 time period. If data
                  within a watershed were available for the current time period (defined as 1989-1993), then
                  historical data was not examined, except for trend analysis. If no current data were found,
                  then historic data (defined as 1970-1988) were used for the assessment. Fifty STORET
                  parameter codes representing 21 different water quality parameters were inventoried
                  (Table 3). There are about 8000 Florida stations in STORET which were sampled in
                  1970-1993. These stations are located in 1500 of the 4400 watersheds. Annual average
                  (median) water quality was calculated for each of these stations and the data were stored
                  on a local IBM Personal computer. In order for an annual average to be calculated for a
                  station, the station had to be sampled at least twice within each year. STORET remark















             Table 3.    Storet Water Quality Assessment Parameters.



             Category               Storet Parameter       Name              Storet Parameter Code


             Coliform               Fecal Coli            MPN-FCBR/100m.1           31616
             Coliform.              Fecal Coli            MPNECMED/100ml            31615
             Coliform,              Total Coli            MGIMENDO/100ml.           31501
             Coliform.              Total Coli            MPN CONG/100ml            31505
             Conductivity           Conductivity          at 25c micromho              95
             Conductivity           Conductivity          Field micromho               94
             Dissolved   Oxygen     Dissolved Oxygen      % saturation                301
             Dissolved   Oxygen     Dissolved Oxygen      mg/1                        300
             Dissolved   Oxygen     Dissolved Oxygen      Probe mg/1                  299
             Diversity   Index      Biotic Index          BI                        82256
             Diversity   Index      Diversity Index       Artificial   substrate    82251
             Diversity   Index      Diversity Index       Natural substrate         82246
             Flow                   Stream Flow           cfs                          60
             Flow                   Stream Flow           inst.-cfs                      61
             Oxygen Demand          BOD 5 day             mg/1                        310
             Oxygen Demand          COD Hi Level          mg/1                        340
             Oxygen Demand          Tot Organic Carbon C mg/1                         680
             pH-Alkalinity          PH SU                                             400
             pH-Alkalinity          PH SU                 lab                         403
             pH-Alkalinity          Total  Alkalinity     CaC03 mg/1                  410
             Temperature            Temperature  Water    cent                         10
             Trophic   Status       Chlorophyll  A        mg/1                      32230
             Trophic   Status       Chlorophyll  A        mg/1                      32217
             Trophic   Status       Chlorophyll  A        mg/1                      32210
             Trophic   Status       Chlorophyll  A        mg/1   corrected          32211
             Trophic   Status       Chlorophyll  Total    mg/1                      32234
             Trophic   Status       Chlorophyll           total ug/1                32216
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  ammonia     Diss-N02 mg/1             71846
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  NH3+NH4-    N Diss mg/1                 608
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  NH3-NH4-    N total mg/l                610
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  Nitrate     Diss-N03 mg/1             71851
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  Nitrate     Tot-N03 mg/1              71850
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  N02&NO3.    N-Diss mg/1                 631
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  N02&NO3     N-Total mg/1                630
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  N03-N       Diss mg/1                   618
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  N03-N       Total mg/1                  620
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  Org N       N mg/1                      605
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  Tot Kjel    N mg/1                      625
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  Total N     As N03   mg/1             71887
             Trophic   Status       Nitrogen  Total N     N mg/1                      600
             Trophic   Status       Phosphorus            OrthoPO4 mg/1               660
             Trophic   Status       Phosphorus Total      As P04 mg/1               71886











               Table 3. Storet Water Quality Assessment Parameters (continued).


               Category                   Storet Para'meter           Name                  Storet Parameter Code


               Tr6phic     Status         Phosj@horus total          -,tr@/ 1 P                         665
               Trophic     Status         Trahsparehcy               Secchi    inches                   77
               Tro@hic'.   Status         Transparency               8ecchi    -Meter@s                 78
               Water    Clarit   y        Color                      PT-CO Units                        80
               Water    Clakit@           col6r@kp                   Pt-to 'Units                       81
               Water    Clarity           ROsidue t6t f4kI;T         mg/.1                              530
               Water    Clarity           tu-kbidity                 jr-KIN -JTU                        70
               Water    Clarity           Turbidity                  'TR13IDMT-R 14ACH FTU              16









                   codes also present a problem in data analysis when a data value is recorded as "less than"
                   the actual value reported. In these cases the reported value was multiplied by 0.5 to adjust
                   for the "less than" condition. Data with STORET remark codes indicating that the
                   reported value was "greater than" the actual value were dropped from further analysis. A
                   Water Quality Index value was calculated for each streaffdriver annual median and a
                   Trophic State Index value was calculated for each lake/estuary annual median.

                                              Florida Stream Water Quality Index Procedure

                   To assess Florida stream water quality, a Florida stream Water Quality Index (WQI) was
                   developed and first used in the 1988 305(b) report. The WQI is based on the quality of
                   water as measured by six water quality categories (water clarity, dissolved oxygen, oxygen
                   demanding substances, bacteria, nutrients and biological diversity). Each category may
                   have more than one parameter as shown in Table 4. Raw (annual average) data are
                   converted into index values which range from 0 to 99 for the six categories. Index values
                   correspond to the percentile distribution of stream water quality data in Florida (Table 4).
                   [The percentile distribution of STORET water quality data were determined in 1987 for
                   2,000 ambient, stream STORET locations in Florida.] For example, Table 4 shows the
                   BOD concentrations ranged from 0.8 mg/l (10 percentile) to 5.1 mg/ (90 percentile) with
                   a median value of 1.5 mg/1 (50 percentile). A BOD concentration of 0 to less than 0.8
                   mg/l is assigned an index value of 0 to 9, etc.

                   The overall WQI is the arithmetic average of the six water quality index categories. The
                   index for each category is determined by averaging its component parameter index values.
                   Mssing water quality parameters and missing water quality categories are ignored in the
                   final calculation. Therefore, the final WQI is based on an average of anywhere from 1 to 6
                   water quality index categories. Table 5 shows an example calculation of the WQ1. The
                   WQI can be calculated from just one index category; however, it becomes more reliable as
                   more categories are used in its calculation.

                   In order to determine the range of values of the WQI which correspond to good, fair and
                   poor quality, the WQI was correlated with the EPA National Profiles Water Quality
                   Index for Florida data. (The EPA WQI was used in the 1986 305(b)). Based on this
                   correlation, the cutoff values for the WQI were determined as follows: 0 to less than 45
                   represents good quality, 45 to less than 60 represents fair quality, and 60 to 99 represents
                   poor quality.

                   The Florida stream Water Quality Index has several advantages over indices used
                   previously. First, the index is tailored to Florida water quality data, since it is based on the
                   percentile distribution of Florida stream data. Second, it uses the water quality categories
                   which are felt to be the most important measures of water quality in Florida: water clarity,
                   dissolved oxygen, oxygen demanding substances, nutrients, bacteria and biological
                   diversity. Third, it is simple to understand and calculate and does not require a mainframe
                   computer or any complex data transformations or averaging schemes. Finally, the index













           Table 4.     Florida Stream Water Quality Index Criteria.
                        Percentile Distribution of STORET Data.



           ?a:,a:ne':er                                  Best Quality                                 Median Value                                   Worst Quality

                                              Unit            10%    20%         30%        40%           50%           60%      10%               80%           90%
           - --=::egory: Water Clarity
           7. " @:.,:y                                      1.50     3.00        4.00       4.50          5.20         8.80        12.20        16.50          21.00
                                              JTU
           Tc--a-- Suspended Soldis           mg/l          2.00     3.00        4.00       5.50          6.50         9.50        12.50        18.00          26.50

           -- Ca--egory: Dissolved    Oxygen
           Dissz-ved Oxygen                   mg/1          8.00     7.30        6.70       6.30          5.80         5.30         4.80         4.00          3.10

           - Ca--egory: Oxygen Demand
           Bi@c--emical Oxygen Demand         mg/1          0.80     1.00        1.10       1.30            1.50       1.90         2.30         3.30          5.10
           C@em'cal Oxygen Demand             mg/l          16.00   24.00       32.00      38.00          46.00       58.00        72.00       102.00        146.00
                                                                                 9.50      12.00          14.00       11.50        21.00        21.50          37.00
           .c--aL --rqanic Carbon             mg/1          5.00     7.00


           - I
               -=-egory: Nutrients
           -c--a' Nitrogen                    mg/1  as N    0.55     0.75        0.90       1.00            1.20       1.40         1.60         2.00          2.70
           7--:al ?,osphorus                  mg/1  as P    0.02     0.03        0.05       0.07            0.09       0.16         0.24         0.46          0.89

              Ca:egory: Bacteria
                  Coliform                    #/100  ml   100.00    150.00     250.00     425.00          600.00     1100.00     1600..00     3700.00       7600.00
           -eca' Coliform                     #/100  ml     10.00    20.00      35.00      55.00          75.00       135.00      190.00       470.00         960.00

               C-=@egory: Biological Diversity
           lfver-z"Lty Index Nat. Substrate Index           3.50       3.10      2.80       2.60            2.40         2.15       1.95         1.50          1.20
           -ve:-'ty Index Art. Substrate Index              3.55       3.35      3.20       3.05            2.90         2.65       2.40         1.95          1.35
           Beck's Biotic Index                   Index      32.00    28.00      23.00      18.50          14.00        11.00        8.00         5.50          3.50











            Table 5. An Example Calculation of the Florida stream water Quality Index (WQI).



                                                                                     Parameter
            Water Quality Category'         Water Quality Paramete  r2   Value3      Index Value4      Index Average 5


            Water Clarity                     Turbidity                  3.9 mg/1        29                  40
            Water Clarity                     Total Suspended Solids     7.0 mg/1        52

            Dissolved oxygen                  Dissolved Oxygen           5.4 mg/l        58                  58

            Oxygen Demanding  Substances      BOD                        2.8 mg/1        75
            Oxygen Demanding  Substances      COD                       31.0 mg/l        29                  52
            Oxygen Demanding  Substances      TOC

            Nutrients                         Total Nitrogen             1.87 mg/1       77                  79
            Nutrients                         Total Phosphorus           0.56 mg/1       82

            Bacteria                          Total Coliform        1800 MPN/100 ml      71                  70
            Bacteria                          Fecal Coliform         1900 MPN/100 MI.    70


            Macroinvertebrate Diversity       Natural Substrate          1.7             76
            Macroinvertebrate Diversity       Artificial Substrate       2.3             72                  69
            Macroinvertebrate  Diversity      Beck's Biotic Index        11.0            60

                                                                                                        WQI = 61'

            1 - These are the  6 water quality categories.
            2 _ These are the  13 water quality parameters which make up the 6 categories.
            3 _ These are the  actual data values (1.1 indicates no measurement was taken for this parameter).
            4 - The index value is based on the percentile distribution values shown in Table 4.
            5 _ The category average is based on an average of each of the water quality parameter values.
            6 - The WQI is an average of the category index values, i.e., WQI = (40+58+52+79+70+69)/6=61.








                  works; it nicely identifies areas of good, fair, and poor water quality that correspond to
                  professional and public opinion.

                  A toxic pollutants category would be a valuable addition to the index; however, toxic
                  pollutants were not included in the index since there is relatively little data in Florida
                  (compared to the amount of data for conventional pollutants ). Toxic pollutants were
                  assessed separately as discussed later in this section of the report.

                                                    Trophic State Index Procedure

                  The Trophic State Index procedure provides an effective method of classifying lakes
                  based on the lake's chlorophyll, Secchi depth, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations.
                  The index was developed in 1982 in response to the EPA Clean Lakes Program and is
                  documented in the Classification of Florida Lakes Report by the University of Florida,
                  Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences. This index remains unchanged from
                  the 1988 305(b) report.

                  The index is based on a trophic classification scheme developed in 1977 by R.E. Carlson.
                  It relies on three trophic indicators to describe the trophic status of a lake. The goal was
                  to have each indicator relate to algal biomass such that a 10 unit change in- the index
                  would represent a doubling or halving of algal biomass. Carlson developed indices based
                  on Secchi disc transparency, chlorophyll concentration and total phosphorus
                  concentration. The Florida Trophic State Index (TSI) is based on the same rationale, but
                  also includes total nitrogen concentration as a fourth index. Criteria were developed for
                  Florida lakes from a regression analysis of data on 313 Florida lakes. The desirable upper
                  limit for the index is set at 20 ug/l chlorophyll which corresponds to an index of 60.
                  Doubling the chlorophyll concentration to 40 ug/l results in an index increase to 70 which
                  is the cutoff for undesirable (or poor) lake quality. Index values from 60 to 69 represent
                  'fair' water quality. The criteria for chlorophyll, Secchi depth, total phosphorus and total
                  nitrogen concentrations are shown in Table 6.

                  A nutrient index is also calculated based on phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations and
                  the limiting nutrient concept. The limiting nutrient concept identifies a lake as phosphorus
                  limited if the nitrogen to phosphorus concentration ratio is greater than 30, as nitrogen
                  limited if the ratio is less than 10, and balanced (depending on both nitrogen and
                  phosphorus) if the ratio is 10-30. Thus, the nutrient TSI is based solely on phosphorus if
                  the ratio is greater than 30, solely on nitrogen if less than 10, or based on both nitrogen
                  and phosphorus if the ratio is between 10 and 3 0. An overall index (TSI) is calculated
                  based on the average of the chlorophyll TSI, the Secchi depth TSI and the nutrient TSI.
                  For this index to be calculated, both nitrogen and phosphorus measurements are required
                  for the sample. The lake trophic state index was also applied to Florida estuaries to
                  describe estuarine water quality. The criteria for the estuary quality ratings is 10 less than
                  the lake ratings (i.e., good estuarine water quality is a TSI value of 0-49, fair quality is 50-
                  59, and poor quality is a value of 60-100). Table 7 shows an example TSI calculation.


                                                                                                                   8











             Table 6. Trophic State Index (TSI) for Lakes and Estuaries.




                  For Lakes:        0-59 is good, 60-69 is fair, 70-100 is poor
                  For Estuaries: 0-49 is good, 50-59 is fair, 60-100 is poor

             Trophic State Chlorophyll Secchi Depth Total Phosphorus Total Nitrogen
                   Index        CHIA          SD                TP                 TN
                     TSI        (ug/1)        W             (mgP/l)              (mgN/1)



                       0           0.3        7.4           0.003                  0.06
                     10            0.6        5.3           0.005                  0.10
                     20            1.3        3.8           0.009                  0.16
                     30            2.5        2.7           0.01                   0.27
                     40            5.0        2.0           0.02                   0.45
                     50           10.0        1.4           0.04                   0.70
                     60           20.0        1.0           0.07                   1.2
                     70           40          0.7           0.12                   2.0
                     80           80          0.5           0.20                   3.4
                     90         160           0.4           0.34                   5.6
                     100        320           0.3           0.58                   9.3





             TSI equations which generate the above criteria:

             CHLAT,j = 16.8 + [14.4 x IN (CHLA)]         (use Natural Log)


             SDTSI   = 60- [30 x IN (SD)j


             TNTSI   = 56 + [19.8 x IN (TN)]


             TPTSI   = [18.6 x LN (TP x 1000)] -18.4


             TSI       = (CHLATs, + SDTsj + NUTRTsr.) /3



                Limiting Nutrient considerations for Calculating NUTRTsj:


             If TN/TP > 30 then NUTRTs, = TPTSI

             If TN/TP < 10 then NUTRTs, = TNTSI

             If 10 < TN/TP <30 then NUTRTs,        (TPTsj + TNTSI) /2









                                                                                                          9










            Table 7. An Example Calculation of the Trophic State Index (TSIY
                         (See Table 6 for Formulas).




                               Annual Average     TSI Calculation        Average TSI


            Chlorophyll        6.0'ug/l                  42.61.             42.1

            Secchi Depth       1.8 meters                42.3"              42.3

            Phosphorus*        0.04 mg P/1               50.2"

            Nitrogen*          0.67 mg N11               48.1  4.           49.2 5.

                                                                            45. 0





            1. CHLA = 16.8 + [14.4 x LN (6.0)]      42.1 (use Natural Log)


            2.  SD = 60 - [30 x LN (1.9)] = 42.3


            3.  TP = [18.6 x IN (0.04 x 1000)] - 18.4 = 50.2


            4.  TN = 56 + [19.8 x IN (0.67)] = 48.1


            5.  TN/TP Ratio = 0.67/0.04 = 16.7 therefore, TSI NUTR = an average of TSI
            Phosphorus and TSI Nitrogen  = (50.2 + 48.1)/2 = 49.2

            6.  (42.6 + 42.3 + 49.2)/3 = 45



             Note:    If either phosphorus or nitrogen sampling information
                      are missing, then the index is not calculated.
                      Chlorophyll and/or Secchi Depth may be missing and the
                      index will be calculated.
























                                                                                                 10









                                                          Screening Levels

                  Screening levels were used to deternuine water quality problems caused by each of
                  nineteen water quality parameters (Table 8). Screening levels were based on either Florida
                  criteria or on criteria established by professional judgment when quantitative Florida
                  criteria are absent. Different screening levels were developed for streams, lakes and
                  estuaries to take into account the natural differences among these waterbodies. The
                  criteria which were established by professional judgment were based on the percentile
                  distribution of Florida data.
                  The eightieth percentile was chosen as the cutoff between acceptable and unacceptable
                  water quality. This means that 80% of Florida's water quality data will have acceptable
                  levels. Table 8 identifies the screening levels used, the typical values measured and the
                  Florida criteria for streams, lakes and estuaries. Screening level exceedances are noted in
                  the data tables for each watershed in each basin.


                                                           Trend Analysis

                  Water quality trend analysis was performed on 12 water quality parameters (plus the
                  overall stream water quality index and the trophic state index) for 460 watersheds. The
                  time frame for the analysis is from 1984-1993. The analysis was quite simple; a non-
                  parametric correlation analysis (Spearman's Ranked Correlation) was used to analyze the
                  ten-year trend of the annual STORET station medians for each watershed. There may
                  have been only one station analyzed within a watershed resulting in a maximum of ten
                  years of data, or there may have been many stations sampled within the watershed
                  resulting in the analysis of many more yearly station medians and a more meaningful trend
                  analysis.

                  A separate trend assessment technique was used to analyze stream, lake, and estuary
                  waterbodies. Stream trend analysis utilized the trend information from eight water quality
                  parameters (bacteria, turbidity, total suspended solids, BOD, dissolved oxygen, Secchi
                  depth, nitrogen and phosphorus) plus the overall water quality index. Lake and estuary
                  trend analysis focused on four trophic state parameters (chlorophyll, Secchi depth,
                  nitrogen and phosphorus) plus the trophic state index.

                  The overall trend of each waterbody was determined by comparing the number of
                  improved water quality parameters to the number of degraded water quality parameters.
                  Some waterbodies showed quite strong trends. If a waterbody showed no trends, or just
                  one parameter showed a trend (or the number of improved trends minus the number of
                  degraded trends is zero or one), then the trend is classified as "no change". This trend
                  analysis must be considered preliminary due to the simplicity of the technique.












              Table B. Water Quality Assessment Parameters For Florida Streams, Lakes and
                           Estuaries, Screening Levels-Typical Values-Florida Criteria.



              Parameter                            Units            Screening      Typical Values          Florida Criteria (17-302)
                                                                        Level      10%   (Median) 90%      Class III



                 Water Body Type: Stream
              Alkalinity                         CaC03 Mg/l                        13     (75)     150     20.0 mg/l min.
              Beck's Biotic Index                Index                  <5.5       4      (14)     32
              BOD 5 Day                          mg/l                   >3.3       0.8    (1.5)    5.1     Not cause DO<5 mg/l
              Chlorophyll                        ug/l                              1      (6)      30
              COD                                mg/l                   >102       16     (46)     146
              Coliform-Fecal                     #/100 ml               >470       10     (75)     960     200/100 ml
              Coliform-total                     #/100 ml               >3700      100    (600)    7600    1000/100 ml
              Color                              Platinum-Color Units              21     (71)     235     No nuisance    conditions
              Conductivity                       micromho               >1275      100    (335)    1300    1275 or 50%    a.bv background
              Dissolved Oxygen                   mg/l                   <4.0       3.1    (5.8)    8.0     5.0 mg/l
              Diversity Artificial Sub           index                  <1.95      1.4    (2.9)    3.6     min. 75% of    DI
              Diversity Natural Substr           index                  <1.50      1.2    (2.4)    3.5     min. 75%    of DI (marine)
              DO % Saturation                    %                                 36     (68)     90
              Fecal Strep                        #/100 ml                          20     (15)     1700
              Fluoride                           mg/l                              0.1    (0.2)    0.8     10.0 mg/l
              Nitrogen-total                     mg/l as N              >2.0       0.5    (1.2)    2.7     Not cause imbalance
              pH                                 standard units                    6.1    (7.1)    7.9     <6.0 >8.5
              Phosphorus-total                   mg/l as P              >0.46      0.02   (0.09)   0.89    Not cause imbalance
              Secchi Disc Depth                  meters                            0.4    (0.8)    1.7     min. 90% background
              Temperature                        centigrade                        19     (23)     28      No nuisance conditions
              Total Organic Carbon               mg/l                   >21.5      5      (14)     37
              Total Suspended Solids             mg/l                   >18.0      2      (7)      26
              Turbidity                          JTU FTU                >16.5      1.5    (5)      21      29 NTUs above background

                 Waterbody Type: Lake
              Alkalinity                         CaC03 Mg/l             >20.       2      (28)     116     20.0 mg/l min.
              Chlorophyll                        ug/l                   >40.       1      (12)     70
              Nitrogen-total                     mg/l as N              >2.0       0.4    (1.1)    2.5     Not cause imbalance
              Phosphorus-total                   mg/l as P              >0.12      0.01   (0.05)   0.29    Not  cause imbalance
              Secchi Disc Depth                  meters                 <0.7       0.4    (0.9)    2.7     Min.  90% background


              ** Waterbody Type: Estuary
              Chlorophyll                        ug/l                   >40        1      (9)      36
              Nitrogen-total                     mg/ 1as N              >2.0       0.3    (0.8)    1.6     Not cause imbalance
              Phosphorus-total                   mg/l as P              >0.12      0.01   (0.07)   0.20    Not cause imbalance
              Secchi Disc Depth                  meters                 <0.7       0.6    (1.1)    3.0     Min. 90% background






















                                                                                                                                                  12












                                                       Toxic Pollutant Assessment


                   The assessment of toxic pollutants in Florida's waters was accomplished by an inventory
                   of 9 STORET toxic metal parameters for 1991-93 (Table 9). The Florida surface water
                   quality standards (Chapter 17-302, Florida Administrative Code) were used to assess
                   whether the toxic pollutant was found at an elevated level. Several standards are based on
                   hardness levels, however, since hardness levels were not available in all cases, a hardness
                   value of 100 mg/I as calcium carbonate was assumed'. An elevated level was defined as
                   any exceedance of the standard for any of the nine metals. Generally, each waterbody was
                   sampled two or three times for several of the metals during the last three years.

                                                      Nonpoint Source Assessment

                   An extensive assessment of nonpoint source impacts on Florida's waters was conducted in
                   1988 through the use of a questionnaire sent to all major State agencies (Water
                   Management Districts, Division of Forestry, Game and Fresh Water Fish Commission),
                   city and county offices, U.S. Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Forestry Service, Regional
                   Planning Councils, local Soil and Water Conservation Districts, citizen environmental
                   groups (Sierra Clubs, Audubon Society and others) and professional outdoor guides. The
                   respondents (approximately 150 agencies and 350-400 participants) to the questionnaire
                   identified nonpoint sources of pollution, environmental pollution symptoms (fish kills,
                   algal blooms, etc.) pollutants and miscellaneous comments. The assessment has been
                   updated in 1994. The 1994 nonpoint source assessment was performed more efficiently
                   than the 1988 version due largely to the use of GIS technology for compiling and
                   displaying the data, and also advancements in the questionnaire methodology. Scannable
                   forms were used eliminating the need to key punch data and integration with the 305b
                   report was much improved.

                   Florida's 1994 nonpoint source assessment was performed using a qualitative, best
                   professional judgment approach. Unlike point source pollution analysis and its readily
                   available STORET ambient data, there is rarely any convenient database of water quality
                   monitoring data that has been designed for analyzing impacts of nonpoint source pollution
                   on surface waters. Therefore, the assessment procedure was designed to make use of the
                   knowledge of experienced field personnel who had information about individual
                   waterbodies. The 1994 survey was sent to essentially the same group of professionals as
                   the 1988 report and approximately fifty respondents identified nonpoint sources of
                   pollution, environmental symptoms of pollution (fish kills, algal blooms, etc.), degree of
                   impairment (rating) of a waterbody and miscellaneous comments. A total of 1720
                   watersheds or about 40 % of the total watersheds were qualitatively assessed by the
                   respondents. Data tables summarizing the 1994 NPS survey are presented for each basin
                   in this report. The remainder of this section describes the information presented in these
                   tables.



                                                                                                                     13











                   Table 9. Toxic Metals in the Water Column.





                                     Storet      Number of
                                     Parameter   Waterbodies Florida           % of Waterbodies
                   Metal             Number      Sampled      Criteria (ppb)   With Exceedances



                   Arsenic           1002              162         50                 0%


                   Cadmium           1027              211         1.1                17%


                   Chromium          1034              155         207*               0%


                   Copper            1042              330         12*                10%


                   Iron              1045              378         1000               22%


                   Lead              1051              240         3.2*               30%


                   Mercury           71900             129         0.012              470/6


                   Nickel            1067              130         158*               0%


                   Zinc              1092              253         106                10%



                   * actual criteria is dependent on water hardness which was assumed to be 100 mg/l as calcium carbonate
                   since hardness was not available in all wateebodies


























                                                                                                                                 14








                   The impairment rating of a waterbody was defined as status of waters within a watershed
                   as determined by support or nonsupport of designated use. The status of a watershed was
                   dependent on making a determination of designated use support that applied to all surface
                   waters within the aerial extent of that watershed. Designated use refers to the
                   classification or standards and criteria applied to all Florida waters.

                   Impairment rating categories used were as follows:

                           1 .     Good (meets designated use). All surface waters in the Watershed are
                                   supporting their use classification with no evidence of nonpoint source
                                   problems.
                           2.      Threatened (meets designated use). All surface waters in the watershed are
                                   attaining their use classification, but in the absence of any future
                                   management activities, it is suspected that within five years at least some of
                                   the surface waters in the watershed will not support their designated use.
                           3.      Fair (partially meets designated use). Some, but not all, surface waters in
                                   the watershed are not supporting their designated use.
                           4.      Poor (does not meet.use). All surface waters in the watershed are not
                                   supporting their designated use.

                   Nonpoint source pollution is generally associated with land use activities which do not
                   have a well-defined point of discharge, such as discharge from a pipe or smoke stack.
                   Nonpoint contaminants are carried to waterbodies by direct runoff or percolation through
                   the soil to groundwater. There are many different potential source areas. Some of the
                   common activities and sources which were considered in the nonpoint source assessment
                   include:


                           I .     Construction site runoff. This type of source can provide sediment,
                                   chemicals and debris to- surface waters.
                           2.      Urban stormwater. Runoff from buildings, streets and parking lots carries
                                   with it oil, grease, metals, fertilizers and other pollutants.
                           3.      Land disposal. Leachate from septic tanks and landfills may pollute
                                   groundwater or local surface waters. Contamination of surface waters can
                                   be by either by direct runoff or discharge from groundwater.
                           4.      Agricultural runoff. Runoff from fields and pastures carries with it
                                   sediments, pesticides and animal wastes ( which can be a source of bacteria
                                   and viruses and nutrients).
                           5.      Silvaculture operations. Logging activities which erode forest soils add
                                   turbidity and suspended solids to local surface waters.
                           6.      Mining. This type of activity can cause siltation in nearby waterbodies,
                                   release of radioactive materials to groundwater, discharge of acid mine
                                   drainage and depletion of water supplies in aquifers.









                         7.      Hydrologic modification. Dams, canals, channelization and other
                                 alternations to the flow of a waterbody result in habitat destruction and in
                                 general water quality deterioration.

                  Abbreviations were used for the nonpoint source categories in the NPS data tables which
                  are found in each basin write-up on the following pages. Those abbreviations correspond
                  to the sources as described below:


                         AG             Agricultural runoff
                         RE             Resource extraction or mining
                         SL             Silvaculture or for operations
                         LD             Land disposal
                         UR             Urban runoff
                         CN             Construction site runoff
                         HM,            Hydrologic Modification
                         OT             Other nonpoint source
                         IND            Industrial site runoff
                         STP            Sewage treatment plant


                  Data for the last two point source categories were -not obtained from the 1994 NPS
                  assessment survey, but rather they come from the 1992 305(b) Report.

                  Respondents were provided with 15 choices;of pollutants and 9,choices of symptoms for
                  use in characterizing the status of a watershed. -Pollutant choices or,categories and their
                  descriptions'are provided below:

                         I .     Nutrients. An imbalance of nitrogen and, or phosphorus which resulted in
                                 algal blooms or nuisance aquatic,plant growth. Standards for Class III
                                 waterbodies are based on,thiscriteria.
                         2.      'Bacteria. This-refers to the presence bfhigh lev0s.-df coliform, strep and
                                 enteric fecal organisms whichzaflse'the@closure,.of waters to swimming and
                                 shellfishing.
                         3.      Sediments. Soil erosion which results in high levels of turbidity.
                         4.      Oil and Grease. Hydrocarbon pollution resulting from highway runoff,
                                 marina, and industrial areas. Their presence is evidenced as a sheen oa the
                                 water surface.
                         5.      Pesticides. These class of chemicals;can be found in runofffrom
                                 agricultural lands and -some urban -areas.
                         6.      OtherChemicals. General -category for -other chemicals besides pesticides
                                 and oil and grease, typically associated withiandfills, industrial land uses
                                 and hazardous waste sites.









                           7.     Debris. This category includes trash ranging from Styrofbam plates and
                                  cups to yard clippings and dead animals.
                           8.     Oxygen Depletion. Low levels of dissolved oxygen in the water column
                                  resulting in odor problems (anoxic waters) and fish His.
                           9.     Salinity. Changes in salinity caused by too much or too little freshwater
                                  inflows. Typical results are declines in the fishery and changes in species
                                  composition.
                           10.    pH. Change in the acidity of surface waters with resultant declines in
                                  fisheries and other changes to flora and fauna, such as reductions in
                                  diversity or abundance.
                           11.    Metals. Anthropogenically enriched levels of trace metals commonly
                                  associated with urbanized watersheds and marinas.
                           12.    Habitat Alteration. Landuse activities which adversely affect the resident
                                  flora and fauna. Included with habitat alteration is habitat loss.
                           13.    Flow Alteration. Landuse activities which influence the flow
                                  characteristics of a watershed resulting in adverse affects upon flora and
                                  fauna.
                           14.    Thermal Pollution. Activity which changes local temperature of receiving
                                  water relative to ambient temperature.
                           15.    Other Pollutants. General category used to describe activities and impacts
                                  not described in the other 14 categories.

                  Responses of waterbodies to the above listed sources of pollutants were defined as
                   symptoms. The nine symptoms used for categorization are defined as follows:

                           I .    Fish lCills. Dead and dying fish caused by designated source of pollution.
                           2.     Algal Blooms. Excessive growth of algae resulting from nutrient
                                  enrichment.
                           3.     Aquatic Plants. Density of exotic and nuisance plants such that impairment
                                  of the waterbody occurs. Nutrient enrichment is usually the cause.
                           4.     Turbidity. High suspended sediment loads in water column resulting from
                                  soil erosion. Effects on the waterbody include smothering of benthos and
                                  reduced light penetration with resultant loss of plant and algal productivity.
                           5.     Odor. Unpleasant smells resulting from low dissolved oxygen conditions
                                  (anoxia) and or fish His.
                           6.     Declining Fisheries. Reduction in landings of or increases in catch per unit
                                  effort to catch game and commercial species indicating loss of productive
                                  fishery.
                           7.     No Swimming. Closure of recreational swimming areas due to public
                                  health risks, usually caused by high coliform bacteria counts.
                           8.     No Fishing. Closure of recreational or commercial fishing areas because of
                                  threats to human health from elevated bacteria counts or levels of
                                  contaminants.








                          9.      Other Symptoms. General category used for information that cannot be
                                  placed in any other category.






                                                  Making Use Support Determinations

                  EPA has revised its criteria for determining the status of waters as documented in
                  Appendix B of the Guidelines for the Preparation of the 1994 State Water Quality
                  Assessments (305(b) Report). Often, a variety of assessment techniques were available for
                  each watershed (e.g., chemical data, biological data and NPS survey results) and in this
                  case a use decision was made based on integrating all the information. If quantitative data
                  were available on the. water quality of a wat erbody (through the Trophic State Index or
                  Water Quality Index) then the designated use of the waterbody was determined from the
                  quantitative information, and if no quantitative data were available, then the qualitative
                  NPS survey results were used to estimate designated use of the waterbody. Current data
                  was available for assessment of about 1100 watersheds, historic data was used in 400
                  watersheds, and qualitative data was used in 1000 watersheds. The NPS survey provided
                  all the information on sources of pollution (e.g. urb'an or construction runoff) and part of
                  the information on causes and symptoms of pollution, Integrating the information from the
                  quantitative (STORET) analysis and the qualitative NPS survey was not easy, but many
                  additional watersheds were assessed based on the results of the integration. In the future,
                  the two techniques should blend together much better through increased coordination of
                  efforts.

































                                                                    IM   41











                                                                                                         Hicpoch"








                  yal







      CAL



















                CALOOSAHATCHEE RIVER BASIN                     WATER QUALITY
                           03090205                                  GOOD
                   AVERAGE WATER QUALITY                             THREATENED
                    1984-1993 STORET DATA                            FAIR
         WATERSHED ID NUMBERS LINK MAP TO TABLES                     POOR
              INDICATES QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT                       UNKNOWN
                                                                                            page 17










                                  CALOOSAHATCHEE RIVER BASIN




                   ---- - --------


                    Rasic F"

                     Drainage Area: 1,327 square miles
                     Major Land Uses: rangeland, agriculture, wetlands, urban development
                     Population Density: low, except high at mouth (Ft. Myers, Cape Coral)
                     Major Pollution Sources: hydrologic modification, agriculture, urban
                     Best Water Quality Areas: non-channelized tributaries
                     Worst Water Quality Areas: urban tributaries, parts of estuary,
                       agricultural areas
                     Water Quality Trends: stable quality at four sites
                     OFW Waterbodies: Caloosahatchee River State Recreation Area
                     SWIM Waterbodies: none
                     Reference Reports:
                       Caloosahatchee River BAS, DEP (Punta Gorda), 1988
                       Florida Nonpoint Source Assessment, DEP (Tallahassee), 1988
                     Basin Water Quality Experts:
                       Ford Walton, DEP (Punta Gorda), 813/639-4967
                       David Heil, DEP (Tallahassee), 904/488-5471
                       David Ceilley, Lee County Lab, 813/939-7908
                       Tom Fontaine, Ken Todd, Anthony Waterhouse, SFWMD, 407/686-8800
                    - - - - --- - --- - ---- - ------ - --- - ------- - ------+



                     - - -- - --- - ------------ - ---


                     In the News


                       The EPA has indicated it is considering suing the City of Cape Coral
                        because the city is dumping too much wastewater into the
                        Caloosahatchee River.



                    --------------- - ------------------


                 Ecological Characterization


                 The Caloosahatchee River is basically a channelized flood control waterway that runs from Lake
                 Okeechobee to the lower Charlotte Harbor Basin at San Carlos Bay. It travels approximately 45 miles
                 from the Moore Haven locks on western Lake Okeechobee to the Franklin Locks near the Town of Olga,
                 Florida. There is a third set of locks in between, near Ortona. The Caloosahatchee is the only flood
                 control outlet leading west from Lake Okeechobee. It is part of the Okeechobee Waterway that is the only
                 navigable passage between the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. From Olga to the Gulf,
                 approximately 30 miles, the river broadens into a tidally influenced estuarine system.


                 The river drains low, flat muck lands and is blackwater in nature. It also receives overflow brom the lake.
                 The river's flow is controlled by the lock system, but averages 1,300 cfs at Franklin Lock. Wen of these
                 locks, which act to prevent saltwater intrusion, the river progressively becomes wider, saltier, and tidally
                 influenced.




                                                                                                                                  18









                 Land use in the Caloosahatchee basin is dominated by rangeland and agriculture, particularly in the upper
                 portion. Tributaries are generally drainage canals. The lower river, below Ortona Locks, still has
                 portions of the old meanders and natural tributaries. Some of these tributaries receive flow from saline
                 artesian wells. There is more citrus and fern farming here, and some large residential developments.
                 Wetlands also constitute a major land use category in the basin. Large urban centers are not present in the
                 upper basin; however, the Cities of Fort Myers, North Fort Myers and Cape Coral are located along both
                 banks of the estuarine portion of the Caloosahatchee River. These cities are among the fastest growing
                 "boom" towns in the State.


                 The river has a long history of use by man and has some of southern Florida!s oldest settlements. It was
                 used as a trade route for the Indians before the Seminole Wars in the early 1800s. Later the river became
                 more important as a steamboat waterway, especially as it was dredged and channelized in the early to
                 mid-1900s.


                 Anthropogenic Impacts


                 The South District of DEP conducted an assessment of the river in 1988-1989. The upper portions near
                 Lake Okeechobee had frequent violations in dissolved oxygen and also high conductivity and nutrient
                 values. These problems are a result of low flows and drainage from agricultural fields (mostly sugar
                 cane). Nine Mile Canal drains agriculture fields and has very poor water quality. Biological samples
                 were dominated by pollution tolerant species. No algal blooms were seen during the sample period but
                 have been reported in the past.


                 Water quality improves down river near Alva. Land use is less intensive (mostly orchards) and the river
                 has more natural tributaries and old channels. Several of the tributaries have good water quality and
                 biological community measurements. The river's biological community measures are somewhat poorer
                 than the tributaries, probably because of the flow and habitat reduction in the channel. The City of Ft.
                 Myers uses the Caloosahatchee River above Franklin Locks as its potable water source.


                 Below Franklin Locks, the river widens and becomes estuarine. Fort Myers is on one bank and Cape
                 Coral on the other. The latter is a massive residential area developed largely before there was strict
                 regulation of dredging and filling. Miles of networked canals provide the fill and drainage for the roads
                 and homesites. The community has been sparsely populated, but is now growing rapidly. As the
                 population continues to grow and more lots are converted to lawn, there will be greater impact on the
                 water quality in the canals and on the limited underground- drinking water source. In March 1992, the
                 City of Cape Coral officially connected its first home to a dual-water system. That system allows the use
                 of treated effluent and canal water for irrigation. The two Ft. Myers WWT?s that discharge to the river
                 are required to meet advanced treatment. The City of Ft. Myers is giving consideration to implementing
                 its own dual-water system.


                 However, at present, the more serious impact to the estuary is the high nutrient waters from the river and
                 tributaries and the stormwater runoff from the cities. Nutrient and chlorophyll values arc high and small
                 algal blooms occur regularly.


                 The Orange River, a tributary that discharges below the Locks, is a favored wintering place for manatees.
                 A power plant that discharges warm water is located nearby. A fish kill and die-off of clams occurred in
                 1990 and have been determined to be the result of high temperature water discharge and low DO.










                                                                                                  USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT; 03090205 cALOOSAHATCHEE RIVER                                   INDEX       GOOD FAIR POOR
                                                                                                                                                                                     ----------- ----- ----- -----
          SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA FOR 1970-1993                                                                                                                                   KI-RIVER       0-44 45-59-60-90
             MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED                                                                                                                                        TSI-ESTUARY 0-49 50-59 60-100        -----
             CURRENT PERIOD OF RECORD (1989-1993) USED WHERE AVAILABLE                                                                                                               TSI-LAKE       0-59 60-69 70-100        1
             PERIOD PRIOR TO 1989 IS EVALUATED AS HISTORICAL INFORMATION                                                                                                                                                     I
                                                                                                                                                                                        BIOLOGICAL                        WATER
          WATERSHED                                  WATERSHED DATA RECORD                   WATER           DISSOLVED        OXYGEN          PH           TROPHIC                       SPECIES                          QUALITY
          ID      NAME                              ----------------------                   CLARITY            OXYGEN        DEMAND       ALKALINITY       STATUS       COLIFORM       DIVERSITY---- COND     FLOW - ---- INDICES----
                                                                                                                                                                                        ---------      ---- ----          -------
                                                                                                                                                           ------------- ---------- --                                          TSI
          ----- ---------------------------------   MAX    BEG END      DATA  ---------------------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --                   LA TOTAL FECL NAT ART BECK COND FLOW            K I
                                                    #OBS   YR  YR      PERIOD         TURB SD COLOR     TSS  Do DOSAT     BOD   COD   TOC  PH    ALK   NITRO PHOS     CH
          ï¿½  WATER BODY TYPE: ESTUARY                                                                                                                                      48     4                   29500                     53
             2    TIM CALOOSAHATCHEE                  36   89  93   Current           2.9  2.3    35     11  6.5      76  2.3    -         7.8     .   1.06 0.11      a
          ï¿½  WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM                                                                                                                                       55   35                    2060                46
             I    WHISKY CREEK                          8  73  75   Historical        5.0         66         5.9      68  1.3    41   16   7.6   186   1.34 0.33      .
             3    Manuel Branch                         3  92  92   Current           6.3         80     10  3.7      40  1.6              7.0         1.10 0.22      11       2195                   11900               68
             4    Billy Creek                           2  92  92   Current           5.0         90      5  7.5      90  3.0              e.0         1.31 0.19      57       1839                   6995                57
             7    orange River                          4  92  93   Current           3.0         63         6.0      67  1.6              7.0         0.82 0.02      2  270   127                     522                36
             9    Hickey Creek                        50   73  79   Historical        2.0  2.4    30         6.4      74  1.1           9  7.7   186   0.58 0.04      -                                748       7        28
          10      TIDAL CALOOSAMATCHEE                  4  91  91   Current           3.5         110        6.6      78  2.8              7.5     .   1.64 0.10      10        13                    6235                41
          11      Yellow Fever Cr.                      9  73  75   Historical        3.0         63         3.5      41  1.3    42   15   7.5   108   1.45 0.23                                      "25                 51
          13      Badman Creek                        81   73  88   Historical        2.0  1.8    50         6.7      77  0.9         10   7.6   201   0.86 0.01      1        124                     720      35        23
          14      TOWNSEND CANAL                      80   73  80   Historical        1.6  1.5    79         6.3      72  0.6         17   7.5   139   1.90 0.10                                       619                37
          is      TIDAL CALDOSAKATCHEE                65   89  93   Current           2.1  1.1    60      3  7.0      81  1.6              7.5   155   1.42 0.11      5    70   48                     750                39
          17      Goodno Canal                          2  92  92   Current           1.6         90      2  8.3      96  2.0              7.8   132   1.21 0.03      12   .   290                     460                38
          is      Long Hammock Creek                    2  92  92   Current           6.2         110     6  7.7      90  3.0              7.7   212   1.23 0.04      21 220    80                     620                44
          19      Ninemile Canal                        2  75  75   Historical        1.0         150        0.6      '1  2.3              6.8     .   1.80 0.05         170    10                     580                49
          20      Cypress Creek                       89   73  88   Historical        1.9  1.3    62         4.8      54  2.0    22     9  7.2   150   0.97 0.03      2        185                     694      11        37
          21      Daughtrey Creek                     11   73  73   Historical        2.0         130        4.3      51  1.7              7.5     51  1.96 0.50                                                          56
          22      WEST CALOOSAHATCHEE                   4  91  91   Current           1.5         80         7.1      85  1.2              7.1     .   1.92 0.14      8         14                     70*0               30
          23      Telegraph Creek                       3  93  93   Current           7.7         130     4  5.7      61  1.0              6.9   244   0.71 0.02         1100  204                     385                39
          24      Trout Creek                         17   73  88   Historical        2.5         52         3.5      54  1.6    79   14   7.5   122   0.93 0.09      1        265                    1465                55
          25      Jacks Branch                        90   73  80   Historical        0.9  1.0    55         5.3      60  1.1         16   7.1     98  1.17 0.02                                       593       2        38
          27      Bee Branch                          25   76  79   Historical        2.0  0.5    50         5.4      57              30   7.2     22  0.81 0.05                                       948       2        37
          28      EAST CALDOSAHATCHEE                 67   89  91   Current           3.6         82      4  6.4      76  2.6              7.6     .   1.69 0.14      25                               582                47















          LEGEND:                          BOD-BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L      DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN MG/L           MAX #OBS-MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SAMPLES SD-SECCNI DISC METERS                 TURB-TURBIDITY MG/L
          ALK-ALKALINITY mG/L              CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL UG/L                   DOSAT-DO % SATURATION              NAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY       TOC-TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON MG/L      WQI-WATER QUALITY INDEX
          ART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DI      COD-CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L         END YR-ENDING YEAR                 NITRO-TOTAL NITROGEN MG/L             TOTAL-TOTAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML
          BEG YR-BEGINNING SAMPLING YEAR COLOR-OOLOR PCU                           FECL-FECAL COLIFOAM MPN/100ML      PH-PH STANDARD UNITS                  TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX
          BECK-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX         COND-aNDUCTZVITY UMHOS                  FLOW-FLOW CFS                      PHOS-TOTAL PHOSPHORUS MG/L            TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS MG/L





                  Nj
                  0













             SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA SCREENING REPORT                         USGS HYDROLOGIC    UNIT: 03090205 CALOOSAHATCHEE      RIVER
             MEDIAN VAlUES FOR EACH WATERSHED SCREENED

                 W-EXCEEDS SCREENING CRITERIA                                                                                          SCREENING VARIABLES AND CRITERIA
                 '0'-WITHIN SCREENING CRITERIA
                 '.'-MISSING DATA
                                                I RANK DATA RECORDI
                                                                         IN    I STREAM  I LAKE     I    PH    I    ALK    I TURB &    I COND     I OXYGEN    I      Do  ICOLIFORM   I BIOL       I CHIA     I SECCHI
                                                ------------------             I    TP   I    TP    I                      I   TSS                I DEMAND    I          I BACTI     I   DIV                    DISC
                                                I WQI    CURRENT I             I         I          I                      I                      I           I          I
             WATERSHED                          I OR       OR       I TN>2.0   I TP>.46  I TP>.12   I PH>8.8   f ALK<20    (7URB>16.51COND>1275j    BOD>3.3   I  DO<4    ITOT>3700   IDIART<1.951  CHLA>40   I  SD<.7
             ID  NAME                           I TSI  HISTORICAL   I                               I PH<5.2   I           I TSS>18    I          I COD>102   I          IFECAL>4701DINAT<1.5     I
                                                                                                                                                  I TOC>27.51            I           IBECK<5.5    I

             ï¿½WATER BODY TYPE: ESTUARY
             2   TIDAL CALOOSAHATCHEE           IFAIR  Current      1    0     1         1    0     1     0    1                 0     1          1     0     1      D   1     0

             ï¿½WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
             1   WHISKY CREEK                   IFAIR  Historical   1    0     1     0   1          1          1      0    1     0     1     x    1     0     1      0   1     0
             3   Manuel Branch                  IPOOR  Current      1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1           1     0     1          1     0     1
             4   Billy Creek                    IFAIR  Current      1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1           1     0     1     x    1     0     1      0
             7   Orange River                   IGOOD  Current      1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1           1     a     I          1     0     1      0   1     0
             9   Hickey Creek                   IGOOD  Historical   1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0     1          1     0     1      0   1
             10  TIDAL CALIDOSAHATCHEE          IGOOD  Current      1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1           1     0     1          1     0     1      0   1     0
             11  Yellow Fever Cr.               IFAIR  Historical   1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0     1     x    1     0     1          1
             13  Bedman Creek                   IGOOD  Historical   1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0     1          1     0     1      0   1     0
             14  TUoINSEND CANAL                IGOOD  Historical   1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0                1     0     1      0   1
             15  TIDAL CALOOSAHATCHEE           IGOOD  Current      1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0                1     0     1      0   1     0
             17  Goodno Canal                   IGOOD  Current      1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0                1     0            0   1     0
             18  Long Hammock Creek             IGOOD  Current           0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0                1     0
             19  Ninemile Canal                                                                                                                               1      0   1     0     1            1    0
                                                )FAIR  Historical   j    0     1     0   1          1     0                1     0     1          1     0     1          1     0     1
             20  Cypress Creek                  IGOOD  Historical   1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0     1          1     0     1      0   1     0     1
             21  Daughtrey Creek                IFAIR  Historical   1    0     1     x                         1      0    1     0     1          1     0     1      0   1
             22  WEST CALIOOSAHATCHEE           IGOOD  Current      1    0     1     0                         1           1     0     1          1     0     1      0   1     0
             23  Telegraph Creek                IGOOD  Current      1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0     1          1     0-    1      0   1     0     1
             24  Trout Creek                    IFAIR  Historical   1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0     1     x    1     0                1     0     1
             25  Jacks Branch                   IGOOD  Historical   1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0                1     0            0
             27  Bee Branch                     IGOOD  Historical   1    0     1     0   1          1     0    1      0    1     0                1     x            0
             28  EMT CALOOSAHATCHEE             IFAIR  Current           0     1     0   1                0                                       1     0     1      0   1     0


















             LEGEND:                         COND-CONDUCTIVITY                           FECAL-FECAL COLIFORM BACTERIA       TP-PHOSPMORUS                    WQI OR TSI-WATER QUALITY INDEX RATING
             ALK-ALKALINITY                  DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN                         HISTORICAL-1970 TO 1988             TOT-TOTAL COLIFORM BACTERIA             WHICH INDEX USED, WQI OR TSI, IS
             BECK-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX        CURRENT-1989 TO 1993                        OXYGEN DEKAND-BOD,COD,Toc           TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS              BASED ON WATERBODY TYPE
             BIOL DIV-BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY DIART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY          PH-PH                               TURB-TURBIDITY
             CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL                DINAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY           TN-NITROGEN                         SD-SECCHI DISC METERS











               SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT REPORT                                                        - USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090205 CALOOSAHATCHEE RIVER
                      TRENDS-SOURCES-CLEANUP

                      'x'-DEGRADING TREND                                                            1984 - 1993 TRENDS
                      '0'-STABLE TREND                                          -----------------------------------------------------
                      "'-IMPROVING TREND                                               1W        TI  T T C S1     P Al   T T1   B TI      D D1 T F1   T F   j<--- PLEASE READ THESE COLUMNS VERTICALLY
                      '.'-MISSING DATA                      IQUALITY RANK       1OVER-1Q or S1       N P H DI     H Ll   U S1   0 01      001  C C1   E L   I
                                                            -------------       I ALL I I        if       L   I     KI   R S1   D C1      S1   0 01   M 0   1
                                                                        WVI ITRENDI              I        A   I      I   B   I      I     A I  L L I  P W   I
               WATERSHED                                    I MEETS     OR I           I         I            I      I       I      I     T1   1 11         1
               ID      NAME                                 IUSE 1      TSI     I      I         I            I      I                            I         I DEGRADATION SOURCES, PRESENT CONDITIONS AND CLEANUP EFFORTS
               -----    ------------------------            I-------------                                                                                  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                 WATER BODY TYPE: ESTUARY
                 2    TIDAL CALoosARATCHES                  1PARTIAL    FAIRI      0   1     0   1   0 0  0   +1  x .1   0 .1      .1     001  x 01   0     1

                 WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
                 I    WHISKY CREEK                          1PARTIAL    FAIRI          I                                           I      I      1          1
                 3    Manuel Branch                         IND         POORI          1                                           .1     .1
                 4    Billy Crook                           1PARTIAL    FAIRI          I                                           - 1    .1
                 7    Orange River                          IYES        GOOD I         I         I   . . . .  I
                 9    Hickey Crook                          [YES        GOODI          I         I            I
               10     TIDAL CALOOSAHATCHEE                  IYES        GOOD I         I         I   . .      I   . .1   - .1      .1     .1   . .1   .     I
               11     Yellow Fever Cr.                      1PARTIAL    FAIRI          I         I            I     I      I       I      I      1          1
               13     Bedman Crook                          IYES        GOOD I         I         1                         .1      .1     .1   . .1         1
               14     TuWNSEND CANAL                        [YES        GOODI          I         I                         I       I      I      1          1
               15     TIDAL CALOOSARATCHEE                  IYES        GOOD 1     0   1     0   1   0 0  +   01  0 01   0 .1   0  01     001  + 01   0     1
               17     Goodno Canal                          IYES        GOOD I         1                                                  .1
               18     Long Hammock Crook                    IYES        GOOD I
               19     Ninemile Canal                        IPARTIAL    FAIR[                                                             I      1          1
               20     Cypress Crook                         IYES        GOODI          I         I   . . . .  1                           .1   - .1   .  -  1
               21     Daughtray Crook                       IPARTIAL    PAIRI          I                                                  I      1          1
               22     WEST CALOOSAHATCHEE                   IYES        GOODI          1                                                  .1     .1
               23     Telegraph Crook                       IYES        GOODI          1                                                  .1     .1
               24     Trout Crook                           1PARTIAL    FAIRI          1                                                  .1     .1
               25     Jacks Branch                          IYES        GOOD I         I                                                  I      I
               27     Bee Branch                            IYES        GOODI          I                                                  I      I
               28     EAST CALOOSARATCHEE                   I PART I AL FAIRI      0   1     0   1   0 0      01  0 .1   0 01      .1     001    01   x

















             LEGEND:                                 DOSAT-DO SATURATION                             TCOLI-TOTAL COLIFORM                   TURB-TURBIDITY
                                                     FCOLI-PEChL COLIFORM                            TEMP-TEMPERATURE                       TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX FOR LAKES AND ESTUARIES
             )LLK-ALKALrNITY                         FLOW-FLOW                                       TN-NITROGEH                            WQI-WATER QULAITY INDEX FOR STREAMS AND SPRINGS
             BOD-BIOCHEM. OXYGEN DEMAND              MEETS USE-MEETS DESIGNATED USE                  TOC-T.ORGANIC CARBON
             CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL                        PH-PH                                           TP-PHOSPHORUS
             DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN                     SO-SECCHI DISC METERS                           TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS










                      t1j
                      r_j










                                                                                                       NPS QUALITATIVE SURVEY RESULTS
                                                                                           AN "X" INDICATES A PROBLEM WITH POLLUTANT OR SOURCE
                                                                               THE * ON MAPID INDICATES NO STORET INFOP14ATION AVAILABLE FOR THIS WATERSHED
                                                                                                  -SEE PAGE 11 FOR LEGEND FOR THIS TABLE-

          --------------------------------------------------------------------------------        CATNAME-CALOOSAHATCHEE RIVER HUC-03090205   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                                                 N  B    S        P   0            S                         0   F            T        F            0
                                                                                 U A E E T A H T T I U I T
                                                                                 T C D            S H D 0 L A H H S                                           R        S N N H
                A               B                          W          W          R  T    I        T   8  E    X    I        M   B       E    E   H    A       B        H   0   0    E
                       W        A                          0          0          1  E    M        I   R  B    Y    N        E   I   F   R    R   K    L  W    1    0   D   S   F    R
                       B        S                          3          N          E  R    E  0     C   C  R    G    I        T   T   L   M    P   I    G  E    D    D   E   W   I    S   I   S
                       I        1                          0          P          N I N I I H I E T P A A 0 A 0 L A E 1 0 C I S Y N T A R S L U C H 0
                                                                                    A D                                                          L L D T R L M H M D P G E L D R N M T
                       D        N                          5          S          T       T  L         E  S    N    Y  H     L   T   W   L    L

                                                                                                                                                                                    x x x x x                x x x x x
                       3240H    WHISKY CREEK               FAIR       FAIR       x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x
                   2   3240A    TIDAL CALIDOSAHATCHEE      FAIR       FAIR       x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x   x   x    x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   3   32401    Manuel Branch              POOR       FAIR       x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   4   3240J    Billy Creek                FAIR       FAIR       x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   5.  3235L    Townsend Canal                        THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   6-  3240D    Hancock Creek                         FAIR       x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   7   3240K    Orange River               GOOD       FAIR       x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   8-  3235J    Dog Canal                             THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   9   3235H    Hickey Creek               GOOD       THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   10  3240B    TIDAL CALOOSAHATCHEE       GOOD       FAIR       x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   11  3240E    Yellow Favor Cr.           FAIR       FAIR       x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x   x   x    x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   i2- 3235N    Roberts Canal                         THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                                                                                                                                                                                                 x x         x x x x x
                   13  32351    Bodman Creek               GOOD       THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x
                   '4                                                                                                                                                                                x       x    x   x   x    x
                       3235K    TOWNSEND CANAL             GOOD       THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x
                   :5  3240C    TIDAL CALOOSAHATCHEE       GOOD       FAIR       x  x    x  K     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   16. 3235A    WEST CALOOSAHATCHEE                   THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   17  3235M    Goodno Canal               GOOD       THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   is  3237B    Long Hammock Creek         GOOD       THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x            x   x        x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x   x                 x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   i9  3237D    Ninemile Canal             FAIR       THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x            x   x        x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x   x                 x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   20  3235C    Cypress Creek              GOOD       THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   21  324OF    Daughtray Creek            FAIR       FAIR       x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   2,  3235B    WEST CALOOSAHATCHEE        GOOD       THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   23  3236A    Telegraph Creek            GOOD       THREAT     x  x    x        x   x                         x                                                                x           x    x   x   x    x
                   24                                                                                                                                                                                        x    x   x   x    x
                       324 OG   Trout Creek                FAIR       FAIR       x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   K   x    x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x
                   25  3235D    Jacks Branch               GOOD       THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   26- 3237C    Lake Hicpochee                        THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x            x   x        x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x   x                 x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   27  323SE    Bee Branch                 GOOD       THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   18                                                            x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x                                                                             x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                       3237A    EAST CALOOSARATCHEE        FAIR       THREAT                                                    x   x        x   x    x  x    x    x   x   x   x
                   2@- 3235G    Cypress Branch                        THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   K   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   30- 3235F    Pollywog Creek                        THREAT     x  x    x  x     x   x  x    x    x        x   x   x   x        x    x  x    x    x   x   x        x            x   x       x    x   x   x    x
                   31. 3236     TELEGRAPH SWAMP                       THREAT     x  x    x        x   x                         x                                                                x           x    x   x   x    x














             Hen


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          ESTERO SAY
                              "Wo















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                                             Forg6isdn


                                               Oyster Bai


                                                 Cheveller Bay






















                EVERGLADES-WEST COAST BASIN                     WATER QUALITY
                           03090204                                  GOOD
                   AVERAGE WATER QUALITY                             THREATENED
                    1984-1993 STORET DATA                            FAIR
         WATERSHED ID NUMBERS LINK MAP TO TABLES                     POOR
              INDICATES QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT                       UNKNOWN             lpoagae24











                                  EVERGLADES WEST COAST BASIN




                   --- - --- - ------



                   Basic


                     Drainage Area: 2,657 square miles
                     MaJor Land Uses: wed" agriculture, rangeland, urban development
                     Population Density: low, except coastal population centers (Naples,
                       Marco Island)
                     Major Pollution Sources: hydrologic modification, agriculture
                     Best Water Quality Areas: Gulf waters adjacent to Everglades
                     Worst Water Quality Areas: Gordon River, Cocohatchee River
                     Water Quality Trends: stable quality at 6 sites, declining trend at
                       Henderson Creek Canal
                     OFW Waterbodies:
                       Everglades National Park
                       Fakahatchee Strand State Preserve
                       Cape Romano State Aquatic Preserve
                       Rookery Bay State Aquatic Preserve and National Estuarine Research
                       Reserve
                       Big Cypress National Preserve
                     SWIM Waterbodies: Everglades National Parkffllorida Bay
                     Reference Reports:
                       West Coast Basin Assessment, DEP (Puzita Gorda), 1990
                       Florida Nonpoint Source Assessment, DEP (Tallahassee), 1988
                     Basin Water Quality Experts;
                       Sid Flannery, SWFWMD, 904n96-7211
                       Ford Walton, DEP (Punta Gorda), 813/6394967
                       Tom Fontaine, Ken Todd, Anthony Waterhouse, SFWMD, 407/686-8800

                                  7 ---- - ---------- - ----------  -----+


                   ------ - -----------


                    In the New


                       See Southeastern Basin
                       This area has been undergoing a severe drought in recent years, with
                       water use restrictions and wildlife impacts.
                       The coastal area around Naples is among the fastest growing areas in
                       the nation.
                       Interstate Highway 75 is being constructed across this basin. There
                       many drainage culverts and wildlife corridors (underpasses) built
                       into the design of the highway.
                       Health advisories recommending no consumption and limited consumption
                       of largemouth bass have been issued for portions of Everglades
                       National Park due to high mercury content.

                   ------------- ------------------


                Ecological Characterization




                                                                                                                               25










                 This basin consists of 2657 square miles of land south and east of the City of Ft. Myers. In can be
                 characterized as land with very little topographic relief with primarily wedand in the southeastern portion
                 of the basin and mixed dry and wedand areas in the northwestern portion of the area. Much of this 11dryll
                 area is periodically wet, and it is commonly drained by a network of ditches. The predominant vegetation
                 in the wetlands is sawgrass with patches of cypress or hardwoods. Inches of difference of elevations
                 account for vast differences in vegetation.


                 The southern coast is a thick forest of mangroves extending inland five or more miles. This coastal area
                 below Naples, known as the Land of Ten Thousand Islands, is a rich estuary where the freshwater sloughs
                 and rivers mix with the bays and tidal creeks of the Gulf of Mexico. Most of the basin east of the Barron
                 River Canal is part of the Big Cypress Swamp or Everglades National Park, which, with Ten Thousand
                 Islands Aquatic Preserve, contains most of the coastal wetlands.


                 In the northwestern portion of the basin, a considerable amount of farming, including cattle ranching and
                 vegetable growing, is done in the quadrangle formed by the Cities of Naples, Sunniland, Immokalee and
                 Ft. Myers. There is pressure from the citrus and ranching industries to extend this area southward. There
                 is already some ranching in the privately owned areas in the southwest, especially near the major drainage
                 canals. A large area about 175 square miles east of Naples was "developed" into lots in the 1960s. This
                 involved extensive ditching and draining through a network of 183 miles of canals and an associated 813
                 miles of roads. Although the project, Golden Gate Estates, was somewhat of a "boondoggle" a@d few of
                 the lots were ever inhabited, the canals and roads remain, and the site has never recovered. Part of the
                 southern area of Golden Gate Estates is being acquired by DER Further west, along the coast,
                 urbanization is occurring very rapidly as a series of cities and communities from Ft. Myers to Naples.
                 This development is also associated with canal and road building. The canals join with natural drainage
                 channels which lead in a west to southwesterly direction to the Gulf of Mexico. Also, Marco Island, south
                 of Naples, is almost completely developed. It is a winter resort.


                 Water flows very sluggishly in this area because of the small difference between land and sea elevations.
                 The waters in these manmade canals and natural streams are typically low in dissolved oxygen and are
                 often below State criteria. Although these low values are considered a natural condition in many southern
                 Florida waters, care must be taken to prevent further lowering of dissolved oxygen through nonpoint
                 source or point source discharges.


                 AnthroiDogenic Impa


                 Because it is so large and remote, this basin has very limited STORET water quality data. It is also
                 somewhat difficult to assess water quality due to the naturally low DO conditions and the fact that most of
                 the "streams" are actually manmade canals. However, given these background conditions, it is possible to
                 note and compare some impacts to the canals. The Nonpoint Assessment notes that most of the canals run
                 through agricultural lands. The western half of the Tamiami Canal is threatened or moderately impaired
                 due to nutrients, algal and weed growth and pesticides. Canals draining urban areas are also affected by
                 urban runoff and septic tank leachate. The receiving bay waters are threatened or moderately impaired
                 (Naples Bay and parts of Estero Bay). Lake Trafford, near Immokalee, is rated as severely impaired due
                 to agriculture, urbanization and septic tank runoff. It experiences algal blooms, weed growth, and
                 occasional fish kills.


                 Probably the most disturbing and ecologically destructive problem in the area is the severe alteration of
                 fresh water flow by the drainage canals. Excess fresh water drains into the estuaries in the wet season
                 while saltwater intrusion is greater in the dry season. The drainage comes from canals which have                       26










                  inadequate control structures or none at all. Furthermore, there are proposals to expand the existing
                  canals and/or create new ones to alleviate flooding in developed and developing areas. The unnatural
                  oscillations of salinity arc suspected of damaging seagrasses and lowering the productivity and fish yields
                  in the cstuary. Those bays at the mouth of the main canals are the most threatened.


                  Finally, the drought conditions in the last few years has caused severe strew to the flora and fauna of the
                  region. The potential for widespread, disastrous fires is great. Additionally, water use restrictions have
                  been implemented throughout much of the basin.


















































                                                                                                                                      27















                                                                                                   USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090204 EVERGLADES-WEST COAST
                                                                                                                                                                                          INDEX         GOOD FAIR POOR
           SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA FOR 1970-1993                                                                                                                                     ----------- ----- ----- -----
           MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED                                                                                                                                             WQI-RIVER       0-44 45-59-60-90
            CURRENT PERIOD OF RECORD (1989-1993) USED WHERE AVAILABLE                                                                                                                   TSI-ESTUARY 0-49 50-59 60-100        -----
            PERIOD PRIOR TO 1989 IS EVALUATED AS HISTORICAL INFORMATION                                                                                                                 TSI-LAKE        0-59 60-69 70-100       1

                                                                                                                                                                                          BIOLOGICAL                         WATER
           WATERSHED                                     WATERSHED DATA RECORD                WATER           DISSOLVED        OXYGEN           PH           TROPHIC                        SPECIES                          QUALITY
           ID   NAME                                ----------------------                    CLARITY            OXYGEN        DEMAND        ALKALINITY        STATUS       COLIFORM      DIVERSITY       COND FLOW          INDICES
           ----- ---------------------------------  MAX    BEG  END      DATA ---------------------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ---------              --------------- ----- ----- ---------------
                                                    #OBS   YR   YR      PERIOD         TURB SD COLOR     TSS  DO   DOSAT   BOO  COD    TOC   PH    ALK   NITRO PHOS CHLA    TOTAL FECL NAT ART BECK       COND FLOW        WQI      TSI

           ï¿½ WATER BODY TYPE: ESTUARY
           16   Naples Bay                               19 89  89  Current            4.j  1.0    50         5.4    64    1.5               7.4        0.98   0.07     9          56                   20300                       52
           20   Gordon River                             7 89   89  Current            2.0         80         1.6    20    1.6               7.1        1.06   0.10     5        329                      1610                      51
           24   Cocohatchee River                        10 89  92  Current            .3.0        68      2  5.1    58    1.8               7.2        1.13   0.64     9   230  136                      8963                      50

           ï¿½ WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
           13   Tamiami Canal                            3 91   91  Current            2.0         126        3.4    40    2.2               7.0        1.42   0.57     9          74                   31500                56
           15   Henderson Creek Canal                    10 89  91  Current            0.8         20         8.4    103   1.2               7.7        0.55   0.09     2            6                    753                17
           17   Henderson Creek Canal                    5 89   89  Current            4.8  0:7    70         3.5    44    2.8               7.7        0.93   0.03    40            3                    2678               46
           is   Barron River Canal                       8 89   91  Current            2.4    .    58         4.3    52    2.0               7.1        0.89   0.05     8          18                   13033                39
           19   Gordon River                             8 89   91  Current            3.3  1.1    80         6.1    78    2.0               7.4        0.95   0.03    L3          45                     725                38
           23   Cocohatches River Cana,                  161 71 88  Historical         4.2  0.3    69      2  6.5    123               14    7.5   238  1.08   0.03                                       575      4         29
           25   Oak Creek                                12 75  75  Historical         2.0    .    50      .  4.8    56    1.6               7.6        0.89   0.09              331                    13648                48
           26   Imperial River                           14 89  93  Current            2.7  1.7    60      9  5.6    67    2.0               7.2        0.86   0.05    12     40 ill                    23250                46
           27   Estero River                             18 92  93  Current            2.0    .    46      5  5.1    58    1.2               7.2        0.78   0.04     2   108  230                    15355                42
           29   Hendry Creek                             10 92  93  Current            5.4  0.8    7@     17  5.0    59    1.65              7.4        0.94   0.12     7     36   41                   20875                48






















           LEGEND:                          BOD-BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L       DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN MG/L          MAX 0OBS-MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SAMPLES SD-SECCHI DISC METERS                   TURB-TURBIDITY MG/L
           ALK-ALKALINITY MG/L              CHIA-CHLDROPHYLL UG/L                    DOSAT-DO, I SATURAT10N            NAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY         TOC-tOTAL ORGANIC CARBON MG/L      WQI-WATER QUALITY INDEX
           ART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DI      COD-CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L          END YR-ENDING YEAR                NITRO-TOTAL NITROGEN MGIL               TOTAL-TOTAL COLIFORM MPN/10OML
           BEG YR-BEGINNING SAMPLING YEAR COLOR-CODOR PCU                            FECL-FECAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML     PH-PH STANDARD UNITS                    TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX
           BEC%-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX         COND-CONDUCTIVITY UNHOS                  PLOW-FLOW CPS                     PHOS-TOTAL PHOSPHORUS XG/L              TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS MG/L



      = M M = M M = M = M M = = = M M M M =





             SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA SCREENING REPORT                         USGS HYDROLOGIC    UNIT: 03090204 EVERGLADES-WEST COAST
             MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED SCREENED

                'X'-EXCEEDS SCREENING CRITERIA                                                                                         SCREE14ING VARIABLES   AND CRITERIA
                101-WITHIN SCREENING CRITERIA
                '.'-MISSING DATA                                                                                                       I
                                               I RANK DATA RECORDI        TN   I STREAM   I LAKE    I    PH     I  ALK     I TURB &    I COND     I OXYGEN    I    DO    ICOLIFORM   I BIOL      I CHLA      I SECCHI
                                               I------------------   I         I    TP    I   TP    I           I          I   TSS     I          I DEMAND    I             BACTI    I   DIV     I           I  Disc
                                               I 1WQ1     CURRENT I            I          I         I           1                      1          $                             I    I           t
             WATERSHED                         I OR         OR       ITN>2.0   I TP>.46   ITP>.12   I PH>8.8    IALK<20    ITURB>16.SICOND>12751    BOD>3.3   I  DO,<4   ITOT>3700   IDIART<1.951  CHLA>40   I   SD<
             ID  NAME                          I TSI   HISTORICAL    I                    I         I PH<5.2    I          I TSS>18    I          I COD>102   I          IFECAL>4701DINAT<1.5    I           I
             -----  --------------------------------------------                                                                                  I TOC>27.51                        IBECK<5.5   I           I

             WATER BODY TYPE: ESTUARY
             16 Naples Bay                     IFAIR   Current       1    0    1          1   0     1     0                1     0     1     x    1     0           0          0                        0    1     0
             20 Gordon River                   IFAIR   Current       1    0    1          1   0     1     0     1          1     0     1     x    1     0     1     x    1     0     1                  0    1
             24 Cocohatchee River              IFAIR   Current       1    0    1          1   x     1     0     1          1     0     1     x    1     0     1     0    1     a     I           1      0    1

             WATER BODY TYPE. STREAM
             13 Tamiami Canal                  IFAIR   Current       1    0    1     x    I         1     0                      0     1     x    1     0     1     x    1     0     1           1      0    1
             15 Henderson Creek Canal          IGOOD   Current       1    0    1     0    1         1     0     1                0     1          1     0     1     0    1     0     1           1      0    1
             17 Henderson Creek Canal          IFAIR   Current       1    0    1     0    1         1     0     1          1     0     1     x    1     0     1     x    1     0     1           1      0    1     0
             18 Barron River Canal             IGOOD   Current       1    0    1     0    1         1     0                1     0     1     x    1     0     1     0    1     0                 1      0    1
             19 Gordon River                   IGOOD   Current       1    0    1     0    1         1     0                1     0     1          1     0     1     0    1     0                 1      0    1     0
             23 Cocohatchee River Cana         IGOOD   Historical    1    0          0    1         1     0     1    0     1     0     1          1     0     1     0    1           1                       1     x
             25 Oak Creek                      IFAIR   Historical    1    0          0    1         1     0     1          1     0     1     x    1     0     1     0    1     0     1                       1
             26 Imperial River                 IFAIR   Current       1    0    1     0    1         1     0     1          1     0     1     x    1     0     1     0    1     0     1           1      0    1     0
             27 Estero River                   IGOOD   Current       1    0    1     0    1         1     0     1          1     0     1     x    1     0     1     0    1     0     1           1      0    1
             29 Hendry Creek                   IFAIR   Current       1    0    1     0    1         1     0     1          1     0     1     x    1     0     1     0    1     0     1           1      0    1     0




















             LEGEND:                        C0ND-CCNDUCTIVITY                             FECAL-FECAL OOLIFORM BACTERIA TP-PHOSPHORUS                         W0I OR TSI-WATER QUALITY INDEX RATING
             ALK-ALKKLINITY                 DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN                           HISTORICAL-1970 To 1988            TOT-TOTAL COLIFORM BACTERIA            WHICH INDEX USED, WQI OR TSI, IS
             BECK-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX       CURRENT-1989 TO 1993                          OXYGEN DEMAND-B0D,COD,TOC          TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS             BASED ON VATERBODY TYPE
             BIOL DIV-BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY DIART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY           PH-PH                              TURB-TURBIDITY
             CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL               DINAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY             TK-NITROGEN                        SD-SECCHI DISC METERS











           SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT REPORT                                                  USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090204 EVERGLADES-WEST COAST
                  TRENDS-SOURCES-CLEANUP

                  Im'-DEGRADING TREND                                1                  1984 - 1593 TRENDS                               I
                  10'-STABLE TREND                                   I-----------------------------------------------------
                  1+1-IMPROVING TREND                                I      1w      TJ  T T C S1    P Al T T1  B T)    D   DIT  F1  T F  Oc--- PLEASE AM THESE COLUMNS VERTICALLY
                  '.'-MISSING DATA                 IQUALITY RANK     IOVER-10 or    S1  N P  H D)   H Ll U  S1 001     001   C  C1  B L  I
                                                   I-------------    I ALL 11       11       L   (    Kj R  S1 D   C)      S1 0 01  M 0  1
                                                   1          WQI I TREND I          I       A   I      Ia I        (      A(L  Ll  P W  I
           WATERSHED                               I NESTS    OR I          I        I                  I     I     I      T1I  rl
           ID     NAME                             IUSE ?     TSI    I      I        I           I      I     I     t      i     I       I DEGRADATION SOURCES, PRESENT CONDITIONS AND CLEM? EFFORTS
           ----- ------------------------          I-------------                                                                        -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

           ï¿½ wATERBODY TYPE: ESTUARY
           16 Naples Day                           IPARTIAL   FAIRF         I        I  . . . .
           20     Gordon River                     1PARTIAL   FAIRI         I        I  . . . .
           24     Cocohatchee River                IPARTIAL   FAIRI     0   1    +   1  0 0  - .1   0 .1 0  01     .1  +   .1   .1       1

           ï¿½ WATER B013Y TYPE. STREAM
           13     Tamiami Canal                    )PARTIAL   FAIRi         I        I  . . . .
           15     Henderson Crook Canal            (YES       GO=           I        I  . . . .
           17     Henderson Crook Canal            IPARTIAL   Fk1R1         (        $  . .
           18     Barron. River Canal              IYES       C400DI    0   1    0   1  0 0      t  0 .1 0  0@     .1  0   .1    f       1
           19     Gordon River                     IYES       GOOD 1    0   1    0   1  0 0    .1   0 .1 0  +1      1  a   1    .1       1
           23     Cocohatchae River Cana,          IYES       GOOD 1    0   1    a   1  0 0    .1   . .1 0  01     .1  -   1    .1       1
           25     Oak Creek                        IPARTIAL   PAIRI         I        I         I      I     I      I       I    1        1
           26     Imperial River                   [PARTIAL   PAIRI     0   1    0   1  0 0    .1   0 .1    .1     .1  0   01   .1  0    1
           27     Estero River                     IYES       GOODI         I        I  . . . .  I
           29     Hendry Creek,                    IPARTIAL   FAIRI         I        I  . . . .  I























           LEGEND:                            DOSAT-DO SATURATION                       TCDLI-TOTAL COLIFORM               TURB-TURBIDITY
                                              FCOLI-FECAL COLIFORM                      TMP-TEMERATURB                     TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX FOR LAKES AND ESTUARIES
           AIX-ALXALINITY                     FLCW-FLOW                                 TN-NITROGEN                        WQI-WATER OULAITY INDEX FOR STREAMS AND SPRINGS
           BOD-SIOCHEM. OXYGEN DEMAND         MEETS USE-MEETS DESIGNATED USE            TOC-T.ORGANIC CARBON
           CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL                   PH-PH                                     TP-PHOSPHORUS
           DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN                $D-SECCHI DISC METERS                     TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS



                                                       @m M Man" M." M M MM



                                                                                                        NPS guALITATIVE SURVEY RESULTS
                                                                                           AN "X" INDICATES A PROBLEM WITH POLLUTANT OR SOURCE
                                                                              THE - ON M&PID INDICATES No STORET INFORMATION AVAILABLE FOR THIS WATERSHED
                                                                                                  -SEE PAGE 11 FOR LEGEND FOR THIS TABLE-

         --------------------------------------------------------------------------------         CATNAME-EVERGLADES-WEST  COAST   Huc-03090204

                                                                                N    B   S        P   0             S                        0    F            T       F             0
                                                                                U A E E T A H T T I U I T
                M                                                               T C D             S H D 0 L                      A H H S                       R       S N N H
                A               B                          W          W         R    T   I        T   E    E  x     I      M     B      E    E    H  A         B       H   0   0     E
                P      W        A                          0          0         1    E   M        I   R    3  Y     N      E     I  F   R    R    K  L    W    1  0    D   S   F     R
                       B        S                          3          N         E R E 0 C C R G I                          T T L M P I G E D D E W I S I S
                y                                                                                                      P A A 0 A 0 L A E 1 0 C I S Y N T A R S L U C H 0
                       I        1                          0          P         N    I   N    I   I   H    I  E     T                                                                                          D   R   N    M   T
                D      D        N                          5          S         T A T L D E S N Y H L T W L L L L D T R L M H M D p G E L

                   1-  3289     EVERGLADES NATIONAL PA                THREAT    x        x    x   x        x               x     x                   x    x    x
                   2*  3289F    Charley Creek                         THREAT    x        x    x   x        x               x     x                   x    x    x
                   3*  3289G    Cannon Bay                            THREAT    x        x    x   x        x               x     x                   x    x    x
                   4-  3289D    Chevalier Bay                         THREAT    x        x    x   x        x               x     x                   x    x    x
                   5*  3289B    Huston River                          THREAT    x        x    x   x        x               x     x                   x    x
                   6*  3289E    Chevalier Bay                         THREAT    x        x    x   x        x               x     x                   x    x    x
                   7*  3289C    Last Huston Bay                       THREAT    x        x    x   x        x               x     x                   x    x    x
                   8*  3289A    Oyster Bay                            THREAT    x        x    x   x        x               x     x                   x    x
                   9*  3259S    Runoff to (julf                       THREAT    X    X   X    x   x   X    X  X     X      X     X  X   X    X    X  X    X
                                                                                                                                                                                                 x x x x x X X X
                10*    3259P    Ferguson River                        THREAT    X    X   X    x   x   x    X  X     X      X     X  X   X    X    X  X    X    X                                               X   X   x    x   x
                ll*    3259R    Runoff td gulf                        THREAT    X    X   X    x   x   x    X  X     X      x     x  x   x    x    x  x    x                                                    x   x   x    x   X
                12-    32591    WEST COLLIER                          THREAT    x    x   x    x   x   X    x  x     x      X     X  X   X    X    X  x    X                                                    x   x   x    x   X
                13     3261B    Tamiami Canal              FAIR       FAIR      x    x   x    x   x        x  x     x      x     x  x             x  X    X    X
                                                                                                                           X X X x x x x x x x X X X                                             x x x x x x x x
                14*    3259J    Rookery Bay                           THREAT    x    x   x    x   x   x    X  X     X                                                                                          x   x   X    X   X
                15     3259K    Henderson Cree,k Canal     GOOD       THREAT    x    x   x    x   x   x    X  X     X      x     x  x   x    x    x  x    x    x  x
                                                                                                                                                                                                 x x x x x x x x
                16     3259G    Naples Bay                 FAIR       THREAT    x    x   x    x   x   x    x  x     x      x     x  x   x    x    x  x    x                                                    x   x   x    x   X
                17     3259H    Henderson Creek Canal      FAIR       THREAT    x    x   x    x   x   X    x  x     x      X     X  X   x    x    x  X    X    X
                                                                                                                                                                                                 x x x x x x x x
                is     3261A    Barron River Canal         GOOD       FAIR      x    x   x    x   x        x  x     x      x     x  x             x  x    x    x                                               x   x   X    X   X
                19     3259D    Gordon River               GOOD       THREAT    x    x   x    x   x   x    X  X     X      X     X  X   x    x    x  X    X
                20     3259C    Gordon River               FAIR       THREAT    x    x   x    x   x   x    X  X     X      x     x  x   x    x    x  x    x
                                                                                                                                                                                                 x x x x x x x X
                21*    3259B    Henderson Creek Canal                 THREAT    x    x   x    x   x   X    x  x     x      X     X  X   x    x    x  X    X    X                                               x   x   x    x   x
                22*    3259F    Golden Gate Canal                     THREAT    X    X   X    x   x   X    X  X     X      X     X  X   x    x    x  x    x    x
                                                                                                                                                                                                 x x x x x X X X
                23     3259B    Cocohatchee River Cana     GOOD       THREAT    X    X   X    x   x   X    X  X     X      x     x  x   x    x    x  x    x    x  x                                            X   X   x    x   x
                24     3259A    Cocohatchee River          FAIR       THREAT    x    x   x    x   x   x    x  x     x      x     x  x   x    x    x  X    X    x  x
                                                                                                                                                                                                 x x x x x x x x
                25     3258F    Oak Creek                  FAIR       FAIR      x    x   x    x   x   x    X  X     X      x     x  x        x    x  x    x    x                                                                x
                26     3258B    Imperial River             FAIR       FAIR      x    x   x    x   x   X    X  X     x      x     x  x        x    x  x    x    x
                27     3258D    Estero River               GOOD       FAIR      X    X   X    x   x   X    X  X     X      x     x  x        x    x  x    x    x
                28*    3250A    ESTERO RAY                            FAIR      x    x   x    x   x   x    x  x     x      x     x  x        x    x  x    x    x  X
                29     3258B    Hendry Creek               FAIR       FAIR      x    x   x    x   x   x    x  x     x      x     x  x        x    x  x    x    x
                30*    3258C    ESTERO RAY                            FAIR      X    X   X    x   x   X    X  X     X      x     x  x        X    X  x    x    x



































                                                '2'


                                                     ...........

                                                                 L
                                                                   7,














                             FISH 0 TMG-CR E
                                 EA    .-.F-



                                                                                   KEECHOBEE
                                                                             LAKE 0
















                 FISHEATING CREEK BASIN                    WATER QUALITY
                         03090103                               GOOD
                 AVERAGE WATER QUALITY                          THREATENED
                  1984-1993 STORET DATA                         FAIR
        WATERSHED ID NUMBERS LINK MAP TO TABLES                 POOR
            INDICATES QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT                    UNKNOWN
                                                                                      page 32














                                       FISHEATING CREEK BASIN




                    --------------- -- - ------------


                     Basic


                       Drainage Area: 918 square miles
                       Major Land Uses: rangeland, agriculture
                       Population Density: low, no population centers
                       Major Pollution Sources: agricultural runoff
                       Best Water Quality Areas: Fisheating Creek
                       Worst Water Quality Areas: Indian Prairie Canal, Hamey Pond Canal
                       Water Quality Trends: stable quality at 2 sites
                       OFW Waterbodies: none
                       SWIM Waterbodies: none
                       Reference Reports:
                         Lake Okeechobee Drainage Basin Assessment, DEP (Punta Gorda), 1987
                         Florida Rivers Assessment, DEP/FREAC/NPS, 1989
                         Florida Nonpoint Source Assessment, DEP (Tallahassee), 1988
                       Basin Water Quality Experts:
                         Sid Flannery, SWFWMD, 904n96-7211
                         Homer Royals, FGFWFC, 904/357-6631
                         Ford Walton, DEP (Punta Gorda) 813/6394967
                         Tom Fontaine, Ken Todd, Anthony Waterhouse, SFWMD, 407/686-8800


                     - - -------- - - - ---------- - -------- - -------- ---+



                              - -------      ------ - - - ---- - -


                      In the New


                         Lykes Brothers, Inc., illegally dug 22 miles of ditches and canals and
                         subsequently has restored these areas. The monitoring reports which
                         have been submitted indicate a very high success rate for the restored
                         wetlands.



                     ------ - ------------ - ---- - ---- - --------- - - -


                  Ecological Characterization

                  The Fisheating Creek basin forms part of the northwest drainage basin of Lake Okeechobee. The creek
                  itself is a meandering blackwater stream that flows through rangeland in Highlands and Glades Counties,
                  eventually emptying into Gator Slough, which then flows into Lake Okeechobee. it is mostly lined by
                  cypress swamps. The river has the reputation of being an excellent place to observe wildlife. in drier
                  years, many of Lake Okeechobee's wading birds seek refuge in the swamp and sloughs surrounding the
                  creek.


                  The basin drains 918 square miles and is primarily improved rangeland with some agriculture. Fisheating
                  Creek is unique in that the entire river corridor is (except the river itself) in private ownership by Lykes


                                                                                                                                          33










                 Brothers Company. It has an average flow of 260 cfs 16 miles above its mouth at Lake Okeechobee.
                 Other waterways in the basin include several major canals connected to a network of smaller canals
                 designed to drain land for more intensive grazing and some agricultural areas. The basin is very sparsely
                 populated and has no major urban areas. The Brighton Indian Reservation is in this. basin.


                 Anthro               ts
                   ____Mgenic LMpgc_


                 Fisheating Creek and Gator Slough have generally good water quality with several remote segments used
                 for recreational canoeing and swunming. The canals, however, are impaired from rangeland and
                 agricultural runoff Habitat and flow alteration and nutrient enrichment have lead to low biotic indices
                 and declining,fisheries. The canals also experience odor problems and weed growth. Stream areas which
                 have low flow velocities, such as the upper part of Fisheating Creek and the canals, usually have low
                 dissolved oxygen levels. This basin is one of the many sources of nutrient loading to Lake Okeechobee.











































                                                                                                                                  34



                                                                                           m m M M M M M mm M M am





                                                                                                USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090103 FISHEATING CREEK                                     INDEX       GOOD FAIR ?OO.A
                                                                                                                                                                                  ----------- ----- ----- -----
            SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA FOR 1970-1993                                                                                                                              UVI-RIVER     0-44 45-59-60-90
            14EDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED
            CURRENT PERIOD OF RECORD (1989-1993) USED WHERE AVAILABLE                                                                                                             TSI-ESTUARY   0-49 50-59 60-100
                                                                                                                                                                                  TSI-LAKE      0-59 60-69 70-ioo
            PERIOD PRIOR TO 1989 IS EVALUATED AS HISTORICAL INFORMATION

                                                                                                                                                                                    BIOLOGICAL                        WATER
         WATERSHED                                  WATERSHED DATA RECORD                  WATER            DISSOLVED      OXYGEN           PH           TROPHIC                     SPECIES                          QUALITY
         ID      NAME                              ----------------------                  CLARITY            OXYGEN       DEMAND        ALKALINITY      STATUS       COLIFORM      DIVERSITY       COND F:,W         INDICES
         ----- ---------------------------------   MAX    BEG END     DATA  ---------------------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ----- ----- ---------------
                                                   $OBS   YR  YR      PERIOD       TURB SD COLOR TSS        Do DOSAT BOD COD       TOC   PH   AIX   NITRO PHOS CHIA   TOTAL FECL NAT ART BECK       COND FLOW     TAV 1    TSI

            WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
            I    FISHEATING CREEK                    66   89  92  Current           2.0         218     2   4.7   56   1.0               6.6   26 1.43 0.14           400 289                       188    5:         45
            2    HARNEY POND CANAL                   65   89  91  Current           2.3         116     2   5.5   64                     6.6        1.54 0.14                                       303               45
            3    INDIAN PRAIRIE CANAL                84   89  92  Current           2.3         115     2   5.3   61   1.6               6.9        1.46 0.11             26*94                     334               46































         LEGEND:                          BOD-BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND M/L      DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN M/L          MAX #OBS-MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SAMPLES SD-SECCHI DISC METERS                  TURB-TURBIDITY M)G/L
         ALK-ALKALINITY MG/L              CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL UG/L                  DOSAT-DO i SATURATION            NAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY        TOC-TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON M/L      WQI-WATER QUALITY INDEX
         ART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DI      COD-CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND m/L         END YR-ENDING YEAR               NITRO-TOTAL NITROGEN MOIL              TOTAL-TOTAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML
         BEG YR-BEGINNING SAMPLING YEAR   COLOR-OOLOR PCU                        FECL-FECAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML    PH-PH STANDARD UNITS                   TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX
         BECK-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX         00ND-CONDUCTIVITY UMHOS                FLOW-FLOW CFS                    PHOS-TOTAL PHOSPHORUS MG/L             TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS W.11,






                w













          SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA SCR:-:---,:I;r, REPORT                      USGS HYDROLOGIC    UNIT: 0309D103 FISHEATING CREEK
           MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERS'H_F,- SCREENED

               lxl-EXCEEDS SCREENING CRT----,:.k                                                                                       SCREENING VARIABLES    AND CRITERIA
               '0*-WITHIN SCREENING CR,:--R:.k
               '.'-MISSING DATA
                                                 RANK DATA RECORDI       TN    I STREAM   I LAKE    I    PH     I   ALK    I TURB &    I COND      I OXYGEN   I     DO    ICOLIFORM  I BIOL       I CHIA      ISECCHI   I
                                                ------------------  I          I    TP    I   TP    I           I          I   TSS     I           I DEMAND   I           I BACTI    I   DIV      I           I DISC    I
                                                 vi      CURRENT I             I          I         I           I          I           I           I          I           I          I            I           I         I
          WATERSHED                              OR         OR      I TN>2.0   I TP>.46   ITP>.12   I PH>8.8    IALK<20    ITURB>16.SICOND>12751     BOD>3.3  I  DO<4     ITOT>3700  IDIART<1.951   CHLA>40   I  SD<.7  I
          ID     NAME                            7SI    HISTORICAL  I                               I PH<5.2    I          I TSS>18    I           I COD>102  I           IFECAL>4701DINAT<1.5 I              I         I
          -----  -- -----------------------------------------                                       I           I          I           I           I TOC>27.51            I          I BECK<5.5   I

             WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
             I  FISHEATING CREEK                 7AIR Current       1    0     1     0    1         1     0     1    0     1     0     1           1     0    1     0     1    0     1
             2  HARNEY POND CANAL                -AIR Current       1    0     1     0    1         1     0     1          1     0     1                      1     0     1
                INDIAN PRAIRIE CANAL             --AIR Current      1    0     1     0    1         1     0     1          1     0     1                 0    1     0     1    x





































          LEGEND:                            COND-CONDUCTIVITY                            FECAL-FECAL COLIFORM BACTERIA      TP-PHOSPHORUS                    WQI OR TSI-WATER QUALITY INDEX RATING
          ALX-ALKALINITY                     DO-'D'SSOLVED OXYGEN                         HISTORICAL-1970 TO 1988            tOT-TOTAL COLIFOP14 BACTERIA           WHICH INDEX USED, SMI OR TSI, IS
          BECK-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX           ='.;G_:NT-1989 TO 1993                       OXYGEN DEMAND-BOD,OOD,TOC          TSE-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS             BASED ON WATERBODY TYPE
          BIOL DIV-BIOLOGICAL DiVERSITY      -_-A_-kT-APLTIPICIAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY     PH-PH                              TURb-TURBIDITY
          CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL                   D:S'AT -NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY          TN-NITROGEN                        SD-SECCHI DISC METERS







                 cl



      m = m m m = tm no so M im, M we



           SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT REPORT                                        - USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090103 FISHEATING CREEK
                  TRENDS-SOURCES-CLEANUP

                  'x'-DEGRADING TREND                            1                1984 - 1993 TRENDS
                  '0'-STABLE TREND                               -----------------------------------------------------
                  '+'-IKPROVING TREND                                 1W      Tj T T C Sl   P Al   T Tj B Tj   DD1   TF1   T F  l<--- PLEASE READ THESE COLUMNS VERTICALLY
                  '.'-MISSING DATA              lQUALITY RANK    IOVER-10 or  Sl N P  H  DI H Ll   U Sl 0 01   001   CCl   E L  I
                                                I-------------   I ALL II     il      L   I    KI  R Sl D Cl    Sl   001   M 0  1
                                                1         ViQI ITRENDI         I      A   I     I  B  I     I   Al   LLl   P W  I
          WATERSHED                             I MEETS   OR I        I        I          I     I     I     I   TI   111        1
         ID       NAME                          IUSE ?    TSI    I    I        I                                                I DEGRADATION SOURCES, PRESENT CONDITIONS AND CLEANUP EFFORTS
         -----    ------------------------      I-------------                                                                  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
            1     FISHRATING CREEK              IPARTIAL  FAIRI    +  1     0  1 + + . .1   + 01   0 01   .1   0 01   .1   0 0  1
            2     HARNEY POND CANAL             IPARTIAL  FAIRI .     I     .  I . . . . I  . .1   . .1   .1   . .1   .1   . .  1
            3     INDIAN PRAIRIE CANAL          IPARTIAL  FAIRI    0  1     0  1 a 0 . .1   0 .1   0 01   .1   0 01   .1   + .  I






































         LEGEND:                          DOSAT-DO SATURATION                    TCOLI-TOTAL COLIFORM              TURB-TURBIDITY
                                          PCOLI-FECAL COLIFORM                   TEMP-TEMPERATURE                  TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX FOR LAKES AND ESTUARIES
         ALK-ALKPLLINITY                  FLOW-FLOW                              TN-NITROGEN                       WQI-WATER OULAITY INDEX FOR STRRAMS AND SPRINGS
         BOD-BIOCHEM. OXYGEN DEMAND       MEETS USE-MEETS DESIGNATED USE         TOC-T.ORGANIC CARBON
         CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL                 PH-PH                                  TP-PHOSPHORUS
         DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN              SD-SECCHI DISC METERS                  TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS











                  -4








                                                           Florida Keys Basin

                                                                      03090203
















                                                                                                                                 --Z

                                                                                                                                                     ...........





                                                                                                                                           K    rgo





                                                                                                                              906.:
                                                                                                                   X,




                                             423
                                                    022      il@6
                                                                                         4
                                                                               R::                  .......
                             929                                 9 6

                                             92                                                    ............
                                                              918 . .....
                                                                 :.:.: .............. .               . .....
          Key Wes!                                                    ........
                                                                                ...                ... .. .
                                                              . ..........

                                     ... .... ....
              93                                                  ...... ....
                                                              .............


                                                     ....... ....
                                                              ............. .
                                                      ... ...   .....













                       Average Overall Water Quality
                          1982  1991 STORET Data

                     Rivers / Streams       Lakes/ Estuaries
                       EPA Water            Florida Tropl*ic                                                                    Study Area
                      Ouality Index           State Index
                                    Good    F-7-77.7-71

                                     Fair

                                    Poor

                        ........   Unknown


                  USGS B asinBoundary    Cities   Facilities
                                          (D











                                     FLORIDA KEYS BASIN





                     Basic Facts


                     Drainage Area: 918 square miles
                     Major Land Uses: urban development, recreation, sportfishing
                     Population Density: moderately high (Key West, Marathon, Key Largo)
                     Major Pollution Sources: construction, septic tanks, marinas, live
                     aboards, stormwater runoff
                     Best Water Quality Areas: open ocean and bay waters
                     Worst Water Quality Areas: urban canals and marinas
                     Water Quality Trends: stable trend at one site, very limited trend
                       sampling
                     OFW Waterbodies:
                       Florida Keys
                       Great White Heron National Wildlife Refuge
                       Key West National Wildlife Refuge
                       Crocodile Lake National Wildlife Refuge
                       Key Largo Coral Reel National Marine Sanctuary
                       John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park
                       Looe Key National Marine Sanctuary Aquatic preserve
                     SWIM Waterbodies: none
                     Reference Reports:
                       Fate and Pathways of Injection Well Effluent in the Florida
                       Keys (draft) USGS 1994
                       Florida Keys Monitoring Study, DEp (Marathon), 1987
                       Florida Nonpoint Source Assessment, DEP (Tallahassee), 1988
                       Interim Report: Ambient Water Quality Assessment in the Middle and
                       Lower Florida Keys During 1989, Lapoint and Clark, 199o, Florida
                       Keys Land and Sea Trust
                       Boot Key Harbor Study (Draft), DEP (marathon), 1990
                       Florida Keys as Outstanding Florida Waters, 1985
                       Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Assessment Reports, 1991-1992
                     Basin Water Quality Experts:
                       Gus Rios, DEP (Marathon), 305n43-5955


                     ----------- - --------------- - - -- - -------- -

                     -------- - ----- -------------- - ------ - ------ - -


                     In lba Sm

                       Key West WWTP increased the treatment level of their discharge and wen
                       on-line in 1989. A new DEP permit issued in November 1991 requires
                       monitoring of the effluent for nutrients, DO, conductivity, pK
                       salinity and biological monitoring of the sediment in the vicinity
                       of the outfall.
                     * In order to better protect the fragile Key reefs and the Everglades, the
                       State has launched a unified effort to block offshore oil drilling
                       and to move shipping channels further offshore.
                     * Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and Protection Act was signed
                       into law on November 16, 1990. A Management Plan is now being
                       developed.

                                                                                                                                39










                        An issue of heated debate is whether treated sewage pumped into the
                        ground via deepwell injection may be reemerging through an ocean
                        sinkhole to provide nutrients to fuel algal blooms.
                        The Monroe County Commission has proposed a moratorium on new
                        hotel/motcl construction and the restriction of home building permits
                        to 250 per year.
                        A recent USGS Report (DRAFT, 1994, prepared for the DEP and EPA) that
                        monitored the onshore and offshore ground water to study the fate of
                        injection-well effluent, determined that the source of nutrients observed
                        at some offshore reef locations could not be directly linked to onshore
                        injection wells. The final report is expected later this year.



                  Ecolo,gical Characterization


                  The Florida Keys located south of Miami consist of a 100 mile string of islands which extend in a
                  west-southwesterly direction. To the north and west, the Keys are open to Florida Bay and the Gulf of
                  Mexico; to the south and cast is the Atlantic Ocean. The islands form many lagoons, predominantly on
                  the Gulf side. Due to the rapid flushing of the lagoons, water chemistry is generally similar to open sea
                  water. The islands sit on the edge of an elevated shelf so the waters, particularly on the Gulf side, are
                  shallow and support lush growths of seagrasses. Along the cast coast, as the shelf drops off into deeper
                  water, there is the only stretch of living coral reef in the continental United States. There are no reaches
                  of freshwater on the islands. The three main urban areas, Key Largo, Marathon and Key West are
                  connected by one highway, U.S. 1, and a chain of small municipalities.


                  Anthropogenic IMpacts


                  The island waters open to the Atlantic Ocean or Gulf of Mexico have good water quality and are
                  designated as Outstanding Florida Waters, and as such are afforded legal protection against any
                  significant change in water quality. On November 16, 1990, the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary
                  and Protection Act was signed into law. This act is an expansion of the National Marine Sanctuary
                  Program already in place in Key Largo and Looe Key. The act prohibits oil and gas development and
                  hard mineral mining; and restrict commercial vessel traffic (750m length) within designated "area to be
                  avoided". The Comprehensive Management Plan is due out this fall. The Water Quality Protection
                  Program is in place and the research and monitoring program is in the first phase of implementation.

                  Many of the maninade canals and marinas exhibit some water quality problems which are exacerbated by
                  decreased flushing. A 1986 2056) study in the Keys indicated that the major sources of pollution were: 1.
                  WWTPs and "package plants" discharging to poorly fl u'shed manmade waterways; 2. thousands of septic
                  tanks and cesspools; 3. marinas with no pump out facilities; 4. fish processors; and 5. stormwater runoff,
                  especially into the canals. A more recent study by the Florida Keys Land and.Sea Trust confirmed this
                  report emphasizing eutrophication of canals by septic tank leachate. They found several violations of
                  dissolved oxygen standards in the canals.


                  Both of these reports confirmed the importance of superior   water quality to the coral reefs and other
                  resources of the Keys, and warned against treating pollution with dilution. Even minute changes in
                  nutrient, turbidity or toxics concentrations can have a severe impact on the highly fragile coral reef
                  communities. The 2056) report questioned the validity of using only water quality standards and criteria
                  to assess the need for treatment facilities in this special area.



                                                                                                                                          40









                  Additionally, the 2050) report suggested that the need for wastewater treatment facilities and collection
                  systems be based on population density, and that the facilities should discharge to the unconsolidated,
                  non-potable aquifer that underlies the Keys. Most of the existing WWTPs have already shifted from
                  surface water discharge to underground injection. However, there is potential for seepage of underground
                  wastes into nearby surface waters. A study by the DEP Marathon office is being conducted on the Blue
                  Water RV Park package plant to determine the extent of seepage problems. Baseline data was collected in
                  late 1989, prior to discharge. Monitoring of surface waters and groundwater at this site is in progress.
                  Another major pollution source is associated with sewage disposal in the urbanized areas, particularly Key
                  Largo and Key West. For years, the City of Key West discharged raw sewage directly to the ocean. The
                  DEP and EPA issued a Consent Order to the City requiring that a treatment facility be built. It finally
                  went on-line early in 1989 and appears to be operating well. T'here are also localized problems (high fecal
                  coliforin counts, sediment contamination with metals, oils, etc.) in some of the marinas and the port at
                  Key West. A manna related study was completed on Boot Key Harbor near Marathon in 1990. That
                  study indicated that live aboard vessels were contributing to the degradation of surface waters.

                  Recently, there has been a mass die-off of the seagrasses in Florida Bay (particularly Barnes Bay) and
                  consequent declining fisheries. Disruptions in the quantity and quality of freshwater inflow into the bay
                  due to charmelization on the mainland is suspected as one cause of the die-off. A study was conducted by
                  the DEP district staff on the effect of discharge water from the C-1 11 canal. The SFWMD has taken over
                  that project. Other suspected causes are the lack of hurricanes to flush sediments out of the bay and very
                  warm water temperatures.


                  The coral reefs on the ocean side have suffered from careless divers, boat anchors, and several commercial
                  ship grindings and/or spills. In 1989 there were two groundings of large ships that caused severe damage
                  to the reef.






































                                                                                                                                       41










                                 FLORIDA KEYS                       USGS HYDROLOGIC CODE # 03090203                                                                                                                           INDEX           GOOD     FAIR   POOR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              -----           ----- ----- -----
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              WQI-RIVpR         0-44   45-59  60-90     -----
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              TSI-ESTLYARY 0-49        50-59  60-100         1
                  WATER QUALITY DATA FOR 1982-1991                                                                                                                                                                            TSI-LAKE          0-59   60-69  70-100         1
                   (MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH REACH)                                                                                                                                                                                                                            I
                                                                                         SAMPLE RECORD                     WATER                                                                                                          BIOLOGICAL                         WATER
              REACH REACH NAME                                                                                                               DISSOLVED          OXYGEN               PH              TROPHIC                              SPECIES                            QUALITY
                                                                                         -------------                  CLARITY                 OXYGEN          DEMAND           ALYALINITY          STATUS           COLIFORK            DIVERSITY       COND FLOW          INDICES
              ----- --------------------------------------------------                   MAX      BEG  END     --------------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ----- ----- ----------
              - WATER BODY TYPE: COASTAL                                                 #OBS     YR   YR      TURB    SD COLOR TSS          DO   DOSAT BOO COD           TOC    PH    ALK     NITRO PHOS     CHLA   TOTAL    FECL NAT ART BECK           COND FLOW WQI           TSI
              905     XEY LARGO ab FLORIDA BAY                                                 78 85   85              2.1                   6.8    73                           7.8          0.53   0.02                       1                      54300                 17   35
              906     PLANTATION KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                                            3  85   85              0.9                   9.3    98                           8.0          0.45   0.02                       1                      55000                 6    50
              907     WINDLEY KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                                               3  85   85              1.5                   8.0    74                           7.8                                                                   57500                 10   .
              908     UPPER HATECUMBE KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                                       6  85   85              1.6                   8.1    75                           7.8          o.io   O.o'I                                             58450                 8    38
              909     SHELL XEY ab FLORIDA BAY                                                 0    0    0
              910     LIGNUMVITAE KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                                           0    0    0
              911     LOWER MATECUMBE KEY ab FLORIDA             KEY                           4  85   85              1*2                                                       7:9          O.i$   0.62                                              51560                 7    is
              912     LONG KEY ab FLOORIDA BAY                                                 3  85   85              2.7                                                       7.7          0.40   0.02                                              47500                 8    33
              913     DUCK KEY ab FLORIDA SAY                                                  0    0    0
              914     GRASSY KEY/MhRATHON SHORES ab FLORIDA BAY                             372   84   85              2:0              5    6:2    i2     0:9                   7:7          O.i8   0.63        3      5     13                       552i5                 i2   ig
              915     MARATHON KEY/VACA KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                                     13 85   95              3.0                   6.9    75                           7.8          0.29   0.01                       2                      54000                 17   27
              916     PACEr KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                                                 0    0    0
              917     OHIO KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                                                  0    0    0
              918     BAHIA HONDA KEY ab FL40RIDA BAY                                          31 82   88              6:3                   r.:l   i4                      2    7:6          O.iO   0.63                            4:0               557jO                 iO   i2
              919     SPANISH HARBOR KEYS ab FLORIDA BAY                                       0    0    0
              920     LITTLE PINE KEY ab GULF OF MEXICO                                        0    0    0
              921     NONAME KEY ab GULF OF MEXICO                                             0    0    0
              922     BIG PINE KEY ab GULF OF MEXICO                                           10 85   85              2*0                   7:5    i7                           7:7          0.j7   0.0*2                                             565*0                 2    j7
              923                                             ab GULF OF MEXICO             127   82
                      TORCH KEYS(BIG,MIDDLE,LITTLE)                                                    9D       2:0    2:0      2       4    6.3    72                      3    7.9          0.59   0.02        0     76       1    5.5               547000                21   38
              924     SUMMERIAND KEY COVE ab GULF OF MEXICO                                    0    0    0
              925     SUMMERLAM KEY ab GULF OF MEXICO                                          3  as   85              1:6                   7:3    i9                           7:9          O.il   0.60                                              57160                 11   j7
              926     KNOCKEKDOWN KEYS ab GULF OF MEXICO                                       0    0    0
              927     CUDJOE KEY ab GULF OF MEXICO                                             6  85   85              2*0                   7.2    75                           7:9          O.i7   0.61                                              570iO                 i4   i3
              928     SUGARLOAF KEY ab GULF OF MEXICO                                          a  85   85              1.3                   8.0    87                           7.8          0.33   0.01                                              59450                 10   43
          .0. 929     SADDLESUNCH KEY ab GULF OF MEXICO                                        0    0    0
              930     BOCA CHICA KEY ab GULF OF MEXICO                                         0    0    0
              931     KEY WEST b GULF OF MEXICO                                                30 93   85              3.1                   6.7    75                           7'1          O.i4   0.61                     ;8     5*2               53760                 i7   iO





















              LEGEND:                                  BOO-BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L              DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN MG/L                 MAX OOBS-MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SAMPLES SD-SECCHI DISC METERS                                  TURB-TURBIDITY MG/L
              ALK-ALKALINITY MG/L                      CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL UGIL                           DOSAT-Do % SATURATION                    NAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY               TOC-TCTAL ORGANIC CARBON MG/L               WQI-WATER QUALM INDEX
              ART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DI              COD-CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L                 END YR-ENDING YEAR                       NITRO-ToTAL NITROGEN MG/L                     TOTAL-TOTAL COLIFORM MPN/10OML
              BEG YR-BEGINNING SAMPLING YEAR COLIOR-COLOR PCU                                          FECL-FECAL COLIFORM MPN/IOGML            PH-PH STANDARD UNITS                          TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX
              BECK-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX                 -OND-CONDUCTIVITY U14HOS                        FLOW-FLOW CFS                            PHOS-TOTAL PHOSPHORUS MG/L                    TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS MG/L



                              @ M an m m m a" m m





                            WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT REPORT                                                      " USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090203 FLORIDA KEYS
                     SCREENING LEVEL PROBLEMS -TRENDS -SOURCES -CLEANUP                                  ISCREENING PROSLFMI                      1982-1991 TRENDS                   I   I SOURCES            I
                          "'=PROBLEM OR DEGRADING TREND                                                  ------------------           I                                                  I
                          :0'=NO PROBLEM OR STABLE TREND                                                 ITPSCIBDBBICSTTlM0I                IOITFrTIBDDTIC97TIWTITFIPAI                  IISIASCUIMDHSI
                          .:=IMPROVltP3 TREND                                        WQI RANK            INNIO)OC)AIlliDNPIERI              VICCUSIOO0OIHDNPIQSlELIHLI                   INTIGIORIIUYEI            --- PLEASE READ THESE COLUMNS VERTICALLY
                                                                                   ----------            IT LNID COIL             ITGJ      IEJOORSID SCIL             IIJIMOI KI        IDPIRLNBINMOPI
                              =NO DATA                                             1992 1990             IP TDI TLIA              IAAI      IRILLB I A IA              I   jpwI      I   I     JIVSAIIPRTI
                                                                        IMEETS     WQI        WQI                        ol       @LN:      :A@ll          T                                    I TRN   NG OCI     PRESENT CONDITIONS AND CLEANUP EFFORTS                                                                        --------
                 REACH REACH NAME                                       IUSE ?     TSI        TSI                        G        si        L                                                                                                                                                                          ------
                            -------------------------                   t-----     -----------           I       I       Yl       I Cl      ILI
                     WATER BODY TYPE: COASTAL                                                                                                                                                                    LARGE MARINA AND CANAL SYSTEM.
                     05   KEY LARGO ab FLORIDA BAY                      IYES         GOOD     GOOD       loo..1.00.1.0001..,                I.,   ....  I
                 906      PLANTATION KEY ab FLORID                      IYES         FAIR     FAIR       loo.-I.00.1.0001_1                 I-(   ....  I
                 907      wrNDLEY KEY ab FLORIDA B                      )YES         UNKN     UNKN       I.0.*I.o..I.o..I..j                I.,   ....  I                                                        ASSESSMENT BASED ON NPS DATA AM PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT.
                 908      UPPER KATECUMBE KEY ab F                      IYES         GOOD     GOOD       100.-I.O..1.0001..l                1.1   ....  I....    I....
                 909      SHFLL KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                      [UNKNOWN     UNKN     UNKN                                                                                                            I  ASSESSMENT BASED ON PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT.
                 910      LIGNUMVITAE KEY ab FLORI                      IYES         UNKN     UNKN       I....   I....   I ....   1..1      1.1   ....  I....    I....                   [..I  ....     I.... I  ASSESSMENT BASED ON PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT.
                 911      LOWER MATECUMBE KEY ab F                      IYES         GOOD     GOOD       loo.*l   ....   ;.0001..l          1.1   ....  I....    I....                   I..I  ....     I.... 1
                 912      LONG KEY ab FLDRIDA BAY                       IYES         GOOD     GOOD       100.*l   ....   1.0001..l          1.1   ....  I....    I....                   I..I  ....     1.*..l   L.ANDFILL VERY CLOSE TO WATER.
                 913      DUCK KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                       IUNKNOWN     UNKN     UNKN       I .... I ....   I .... 1..1        1.1   ....  I....    I....                   I..j  ....     I.... I  ASSESSMENT BASED            ON PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT.
                 914      GRASSY KEY/MARATHON SHORE                     IYES         GOOD     GOOD       1000*1000.100001.11                1.1   ....  I....    I....                   I.-I  ....     I.... 1
                 915      MARATHON KEY/VACA KEY ab                      IYES         GOOD     GOOD       100.*1.00.1.0001..l                1.1   ....  I....    I....                                       *1  MULTIPLE SOURCES            DISCHARGING INTO CANAL SYSTEMS.
                 916      FACET KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                      1UNKNOWN     UNKN     UNKN       I....   I....   I .... I-.I        1.11_1      ....     I....                                        I  ASSESSMENT BASED            ON PROFESSIONAL           JUDGEMENT.
                 917      OHIO KEY ab FLORIDA BAY                       JUNKNOWN     UNKN     UNKN       I....   I....                      1.1   ....  I....    I....                                        I  ASSESSMENT 13ASED           ON PROFESSIONAL           JUDGEMENT.
                 918      BAHIA HONDA KEY ab FLORI                      IYES         GOOD     GOOD       loo.*100.01.0001..(                1.1   ....  I....    I....
                 919      SPANISH HARBOR KEYS ab F                      I UNKNOWN    uNKN     UNKN       I....   I....   I ....   1..1      1.1   ....  I....    I....                                        I  ASSESSMENT BASED            ON PROFESSIONAL           JUDGEMENT.
                 920      LITTLE PINE KEY ab GULF                       I UNKNOWN    UNKN     UNKN       I....   I....   I ....   1..1      1.1   ....  I....    I....                                        I  ASSESSMENT BASED            ON PROFESSIONAL           JUDGEMENT.
                 921      NONAME KEY ab GULF OF ME                      JUNKNOWN     UNKN     UNKN       I....   I....   I ....   I..j      I'll...1    ....     I....                                        I  ASSESSMENT BASED            ON PROFESSIONAL           JUDGEMENT.
                 922      BIG PINE KEY ab GULF OF                       IYES         GOOD     GOOD       Ioo.*I.o..I.000I..I                1.1   ....  I....    I....                   I..I  ....     I.... 1
                 923      TORCH KEYS (BIG, MIDDLE, LIT                  IYES         GOOD     GOOD       1000*10000100001-.1                                                             1..1  ....     I.... I  STABLE 10 YEAR TREND.
                 924      SUNHERLAND KEY COVE ab G                      JUNKNOWN     UNKN     UNM                                                                                                             I  ASSESSMENT BASED ON PROFESSIONAL                      JUDGEMENT.
                 925      SUMMERLAND KEY ab GULF 0                      IYES         GOOD     GOOD       I00.*I.o..I.000I-.I                1.1   ....  I....    I....                   I..I  ....     I.... 1
                 926      KNOCKEMDOWN KEYS ab GULF                      I UNKNOWN    LMW      UNKN       I .... I .... 1.1                        ....  I....    I....                                  I.... I  ASSESSMENT BASED            ON PROFESSIONAL           JUDGEMENT.
                 927      CUDJOE KEY ab GULF OF ME                      IYES         GOOD     GOOD       I00.*I.o..I.000I..I                1.1   ....  I....    I....
             W   928      SUGARLOAF KEY ab GULF OF                      IYES         GOOD     GOOD                                          1.1   ....  I....    I....                                  I.... 1
                 929      SADDLESUNCH KEY ab GULF                       1UNKNOWN     UNKN     UNKN       I....                    1..1      1.1   ....  I....    I....                   I..I  ....     I.... I  ASSESSMENT BASED            ON PROFESSIONAL           JUDGEMENT.
                 930      BOCA CHICA KEY ab GULF 0                      IYES         UNKN     UNKN       I....   I .... I  ....   1..1      1.1   ....  I....    I....                   I..I  ....     I.... I  ASSESSMENT BASED            ON HISTORICAL DATA.
                 931      KEY WEST ab GULF OF MEXI                      IYES         GOOD     C-000      loo.*1.0001.0001..l                1.1   ....  I....    I....                   I..I  ...      *1.**Il  VERY URBANIIZED. POLLUTION FROM LIVEABOARD BOATS IN LARGE BOAT BASIN.






















                 LEGEND.                                     CHLh-CHLOROPHYLL                 FCOLI-FECAL COLIFORM                                MINING-MINING                                         SEPTIC-SEPTIC TANKS             TN-NITROGEN                                 TURB-TURBIDITY
                 AGRI-AGRICULTURE                            COND-CONDUCTIVITY                FLOW-FLOW                                           NPS SMVEY-1989 NONPOINT SOURCE                        SILT-SILThTION                  TNTP-NUTRIENTS                              URBAN-URBAN
                 ALK-ALKALINITY                              CONSTR-CONSTRUCTION              HYDRO-HYDROLOGIC MODIFICATION                       ORGANIC-ORGANIC TOXICS                                SILVI-SILVICULTURE              TOC-T.ORGANrC CARBON                        WQI-WATFR QUIAITY :NDEX
                 BACT-BACTERIA                               DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN              IND-INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCE                         OVERALL-OVERALL TREND                                 STP-WASTEWATER PLANT            TP-PHOSPHORUS                               WQI OR TSI-INDEX QUALITY OF
                                                             DOSAT-DO SATURATION              MEETS USE-MEETS DESIGNATED USE                      PH-PH
                 BIOLOGY-DIVERSITY                                                                                                                                                                      TCOLI-TOTAL COLIFORM            TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX                            WATER DEPENDS oN WATERBODY
                 BOD-BIOCHEM. OXYGEN DEMAND                  DUMP-LANDFILL                    METALS-TOXIC METALS                                 SD-SECCHI DISC                                        TEMP-TEMPERATURE                TSS-TCITAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS                        TYPE










                                                             TAYLOR CREEK-
                                                             INFLOW



                                        KISSIMMEE RIV
                                        INFLOW







                                                                          7777777777.@',















                                                                     ..........
                                           'KE  k5t H-OOE-E-.*:@'@':,'@'-.':.-',".:.'-'.'.I
                                                  -,-C


                                                                      @@777-777:






                                                                               4






















                  LAKE OKEECHOBEE BASIN
                         03090201                          WATER QUALITY
                                                                GOOD
                 AVERAGE WATER QUALITY                          THREATENED
                  1984-1993 STORET DATA                         FAIR
        WATERSHED ID NUMBERS LINK MAP TO TABLES                 POOR
             INDICATES QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT                   UNKNOWN
                                                                                      page 43














                                   LAKE OKEECHOBEE BASIN






                    Basic Facts


                    Drainage Area: 700 square miles surface area for lake, 4600
                      square miles for entire basin
                    Major Land Uses: agriculture, wetlands, improved pastime
                    Population Density: low (Moore Haven, Clewiston, Pahokee, Okeechobee,
                      Belle Glade and South Bay)
                    Major Pollution Sources: dairies, agriculture
                    Best Water Quality Areas: west near wetlands and Fisheating Creek inflow
                    Worst Water Quality Areas: south by agricultural area, northeast by
                      Taylor Creek/Nubbin Slough, St. Lucie Canal
                    Water Quality Trends: stable quality at 3 sites, slight phosphorus
                      reduction in south Lake Okeechobee
                    OFW Waterbodies: none
                    SWIM Waterbodies: Lake OkeechobeetKissimmee River
                    Reference Reports:
                      Macroinvertebrate Study; FL Game and Fish - Gary Warren, 1993
                      Lake Okeechobee Ecosystem - SFWMD and Unv. of FL. - (Nick Auman
                      404-687-6716)
                      SWIM Plan Document, SFWMD, 1989
                      DEP Macroinvertebrate Study, DEP, 1990
                    Basin Water Quality Experts:
                      Homer Royals, FGFWFC, 904/357-6631
                      Greg Graves, Terry Davis, DEP (Port St. Lucie), 407/871-7662
                      Harvey Rudolph, Palm Beach County, 407/3554011
                      Tom Fontaine, Ken Todd, Anthony Waterhouse, SFWMD, 407/686-8800


                    --------------------------------------- - ----- - -- -- -------



                    ------ - ------- ----- - -- -------


                    In the News


                    ï¿½ Lake Okeechobee has been associated with several important developments
                      in the Kissimmee-Okeechobee-Everglades drainage area (covered in the
                      Southeast Florida Basin) and the Kissimmee Restoration (in Kissimmee
                      River Basin).
                    * As part of the SWIM plan, some dairies have been removed from the lake's
                      drainage basins.
                    ï¿½ The Florida Steel Superfund Site is located 2 miles northwest on Indian-
                      town in Martin County and consists of a 150 acre former steel mill that
                      operated from 1970 to 1982, when it closed for economic reasons.
                      Approximately 75,000 cubic yards of emission control dust were deposited
                      on the southern portion of the site in waste piles. EPA has identified
                      heavy metals including arsenic, cadmium and lead in the EC dust and ground
                      water. In addition polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) were found at various


                                                                                                                               44









                       locations on the site. Approximately 4,800 people live within a two mile
                       radius of the site. The Indiantown public water supply comes from a group
                       of shallow wells located within three miles of the site. Wetlands located adjacent
                       to the site are threatened by contamination migrating
                       from the site. The site is being addressed in two stages: immediate actions
                       and a long-term remedial phase focusing on cleanup of the entire site.
                     *Adjacent to Caulkins Indiantown Citrus is the Indiantown cogeneration plant,
                       currently under construction by Bechtel. The plant will be coal fired and will
                       consist of coal storage, water and wastewater basins.



                    Ecological Characterization

                    Lake Okeechobee covers 700 square miles, depending on lake level, making it the largest lake in Florida
                    and second largest lake within the boarders of the United States. The Kissimmee River is the largest
                    basin draining into the lake followed by Fisheating Creek, the Indian Prairie Canal and Taylor
                    Creek/Nubbin Slough. Land use in the surrounding basins is predominantly dairy farming (Kissimmee
                    and Taylor Creek), improved posture, rangeland and wetlands (Fisheating Creek). The natural drainage
                    from the lake, basically a spillage into the extensive wetland system south of the lake, has been diked and
                    dredged into six major exiting canals: the westward flowing Caloosahatchee and the eastward St. Lucie,
                    West Palm Beach, Hillsboro, North New River, and Miami Canals. These modifications and numerous
                    other drainage canals allowed the claiming of hundreds of square miles of non-flooded land for
                    agricultural usage. This area covering about 1200 square miles, known as the Everglades Agricultural
                    Area (EAA), is planted mostly in sugar cane, but also has significant amounts of row crop and sod
                    farming.

                    Lake Okeechobee is part of the larger system known as the Kissimmee, Okeechobee, Everglades drainage
                    that is unique in the world. Historically, the sluggish, meandering river system emptied into a high,
                    shallow lake that slowly released water to a 50 mile wide, 125 mile long "River of Grass" to a mangrove
                    swamp and the Florida Bay estuary.

                    The hydrology of the Kissimmee Basin and the Evergl     ades/Southeast Florida Basins has been greatly
                    modified for flood control and to produce farmland. Lake Okeechobee still serves as a reservoir for the
                    system, but both inflow to and outflow from the lake is, to a great extent, managed by man through a
                    system of canals, pumps and control structures. All inflows and outflows to the lake (except Fisheating
                    Creek) are controlled. The price of managing water quantity so heavily has been a marked lowering of
                    water quality.

                    AatLopggenic Lmm-ts

                    Major sources of pollution to the lake include runoff from ranch and dairy operations in the northern
                    drainage and from historic back-pumping of runoff from row crops and sugar cane in the southern
                    drainage. Water quality problems in the north end of the lake include elevated phosphorus and coliforin
                    concentrations and a continuous algal bloom. In the south part of the lake, problems of nutrient and
                    pesticide loadings are caused by back-pumping. The back-pumping practice has mostly ceased, but still
                    occurs when water levels in the EAA primary canal reach an elevations of 13 feet NGVD (flood control).
                    Consequently, at different locations and different seasons of rainfall or drought, the lake receives varying
                    amounts of nutrient, BOD, bacteria and toxic materials. Other pollutants entering the lake include high
                    levels of total dissolved solids, unionized ammonia, chlorides, color and dissolved organics (TW
                    precursors), water low in dissolved oxygen and high in specific conductance. The total phosphorus levels
                    in the lake have doubled in the last decade. Considering the lake's volume, this increase represents a
                    tremendous loading.



                                                                                                                                         45









                      A basin assessment of the lake in 1985 revealed variable conditions in the lake from highly eutrophic
                      (high pH and,chlorophyll values) to relatively good values. Nutrient values were mostly high. Biological
                      sampling also indicated variability in the lake, but is generally indicative of eutrophic conditions. In
                      recent years there have been several wide-spread algal blooms (one covered about 100 square miles) and
                      at least one major fish kill. These widely publicize'd events launched the environmental community and
                      governmental agencies into a period of intense investigation and analysis. The Lake Okeechobee
                      Technical Advisory Committee (LOTAQ was formed to assess the situation and make recommendations.
                      LOTAC determined that phosphorus loading from dairy and agricultural sources was a major cause of
                      water quality conditions conducive to noxious algal blooms and that phosphorus loading should be
                      reduced by 40% (as stated in a 1981 SFWMD Technical publication TP81-2). A few others contend that
                      the secondary cause of increased phosphorus levels are the hundreds of acres of perimeter wetlands which
                      have become flooded after a late 1970s, decision by the Water Management District to raise the water
                      level in the lake. Also, the higher lake levels reduced valuable fish spawning grounds and waterfowl
                      feeding and nesting areas.

                      The South Florida Water Management District has initiated several biological, chemical and ecological
                      research projects. The lake is a priority SWIM waterbody and plans are being submitted to attenuate
                      pollution flowing to the lake. DEP has adopted a "dairy rule" requiring certain BMPs for dairy operation.
                      That rule required BMP plan development and permit acquisition from DEP by June, 1989, and
                      implementation by April, 1991 for all 52 dairies in the Lake Okeechobee drainage basin. Dairies are
                      offered the option of selling and removing the cattle (through water management district and state
                      funding) or coming into compliance with the rule. Additionally, DEP is regulating back pumping
                      operations. The Dairy Rule does not seem to be uniformly accomplishing the desired result stated in the
                      SWIM Plan of a dairy off-site phosphorus discharge concentration of no more than 2.1 mg/l.

                      Concerning the recent federal lawsuit on the Everglades, Lake Okeechobee was not included in the
                      lawsuit. Unlike the Loxahatchee Wildlife Refuge (WCA-1) and Everglades National Park, no direct affect
                      on federal interests could be shown for Lake Okeechobee (or WCA-2 or WCA-3). As part of the
                      preliminary mediated settlement agreement and included in the Everglades Forever Act, some EAA
                      agricultural drainage was diverted away from the lake and south to the regional storm water treatment
                      areas (STAs). A primary reason for the diversion was to provide make-up water to the Everglades for the
                      water that would be lost to evapotranspiration in the STAs. Lake Okeechobee also received a major
                      benefit through the annual diversion of about 20 tons of phosphorus, 500 tons of nitrogen and a number of
                      other pollutants.

                      Phosphorus loading limits established for the lake by the legislature in Ch. 373, ITS and effective July
                      1992 have still not been met.


                      Results of recently completed research sponsored by the SFWMD indicate that because of internal
                      recycling of lake phosphorus and the vast reservoir of phosphorus stored in the drainage basin in ground
                      water and wedand and canal sediments, the lake water phosphorus concentration may not be lowered to
                      acceptable levels for many decades or even a century. To shorten this time, new actions to reduce
                      phosphorus at the points its tributaries enter the lake will be necessary.

                      Adoption of a new regulation schedule (the current experimental schedule, Run 25) for Lake Okeechobee
                      is being proposed by the Corps of Engineers. It doesn't meet the need for a lower fluctuating water level
                      in the lake's extensive marsh or adequately protect the St. Lucie and Caloosahatchee Estuaries from
                      excessive fresh water discharges. It does provide for a greater agricultural water supply than the lower,
                      environmentally friendly alternative (Run 22AZE).






                                                                                                                                          46















                                                                                                   USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT* 03090201 LAKE OKEECHOBEE
                                                                                                                                                                                          INDEX        GOOD FAIR POOR
            SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA FOR 1970-1993                                                                                                                                    ----------- ----- ----- -----
            MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED                                                                                                                                            WQI-RIVER      0-44 45-59-60-90
            CURRENT PERIOD OF RECORD (1@89-1993) USED WHERE AVAILABLE                                                                                                                   TSI-SSTUARY 0-49 50-59 60-100        -----
            PERIOD PRIOR TO 1989 IS EVALUATED AS HISTORICAL INFORMATION                                                                                                                 TSI-LAKE       0-59 60-69 70-100        1

                                                                                                                                                                                          BIOLOGICAL                         WATER
            WATERSHED                                  WATERSHED DATA RECORD                  WATER           DISSOLVED        OXYGEN           PH           TROPHIC                       SPECIES                           QUALITY
            ID  NA14E                               ----------------------                    CLARITY             OXYGEN       DEMAND        ALKALINITY       STATUS        COLIFORM      DIVERSITY       COND FLOW          INDICES
            ----- --------------------------------- MAX    BEG  END      DATA ---------------------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ----- ----- ---------------
                                                    OOBS   YR   YR      PERIOD       TURB   SD COLOR     TSS  DO DOSAT BOD COD         TOC   PH    ALK   NITRO PHOS   CHLh  TOTAL FECL NAT ART BECK       COND FLOW        WQI      TSI

            ï¿½WATER BODY TYPE: LAKE
            1   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE                       151 89   92  Current            8.8  0.6    35      9  8.6    95                      8.1         1.34 0.05    16                                  60:                       60
            2   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE                       161 89   92  Current            7.3  0.7    39      7  8.6    84                      8.1         1.48 0.05    10    460   17                      62                        63
            3   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE                       272 89   93  Current          11.0   0.6    31     11  8.3    96                      8.1         1.33 0.05    22                                  604                       66
            4   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE                       70  90   90  Current          14.7   0.8    33      .  7.7    97                      8.7         1.56 0.05    .     210   15                      707                       61
            5   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE                       31  89   93  Current            1.6  1.1    60      1  4.5    35                      6.9         1.31' 0.03   23                                  541                       49
            6   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE                       32  89   91  Current            5.7  0.5    85      5  8.9    99                      8.2         1.42 0.07    99                                  454                       71
            7   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE                       52  90   91  Current          20.0   0.6    30      .  7.2    89                      8.7         1.54 0.10                                        721                       68
            8   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE                       228 89   93  Current            5.4  0.6    55      7  8.3    94                      8.0         1.27 0.07    25                                  420                       66
            9   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE                       64  89   93  Current          16.2   0.6    80         8.5    97                      8.3   104   1.51 0.09    44    172   19                      523                       71

            ï¿½ WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
            10  S-135                                  57  89   93  Current            4.8         52      6  6.8    75                      7.6         1.40 0.07                                        753                38
            11  Lettuce Crook                          128 89   93  Current            2.6  0.9 150           4.1    43                      6.7         1.57 0.29                110                     377                58
            12  S-135                                  60  92   93  Current                                   3.0    33                      6.9         1.60 0.97                                        536                82




























            LEGEND:                        BOD-BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L       DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN MG/L           MAX #OBS-MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SAMPLES SD-SECCHI DISC METERS                   TURB-TURBIDITY MG/L
            ALK-ALKALINITY MG/L            CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL UG/L                    DOSAT-DO I SATURATION              NAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY        TOC-TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON MG/L       WQI-WATER QUALITY INDEX
            ART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DI    rOD-CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L          END YR-ENDING YEAR                 NITRO-TOTAL NITROGEN MG/L              TOTAL-TOTAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML
            BEG YR-BEGINNING SAMPLING YEAR COLOR-COLOR ECU                          FECL-FECAL COLIFORM: MPN/100ML     PH-PH STANDARD UNITS                   TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX
            BECK-BECK'$ BIOTIC INDEX       COND-CONDUCTIVITY UMHOS                  FIOW-FLOW CPS                      PHOS-TOTAL PHOSPHORUS MG/L             TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS MGIL



     m m m m m "-w m was mm mm mm






          SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA SCREENING REPORT                         USGS HYDROLOGIC    UNIT: 03090201 LAKE    OKEECHOBEE
          MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED SCREENED

                'X'-EXCEEDS SCREENING CRITERIA                                                                                     SCREENING VARIABLES   AND CRITERIA
                101-WITHIN SCREENING CRITERIA
                '.'-MISSING DATA
                                              I RANK DATA RECORDI      TN    ISTREAM   I LAKE    I    PH     I  ALK     I 7URB &   i COND     I OXYGEN   I    DO     ICOLIFORM  I BIOL      I CHLA     ISECCHI   I
                                              I------------------  I         I    TP   I    TP   I           I          I   TSS    I          I DEMAND   t           I BACTI    I  DIV      I             DISC   I
                                              I WQl     CURRENT I            I         I         I                      I                                I           I          I           I                    I
          WATERSHED                           I OR        OR       ITN>2.0   ITP>.46   I TP>.12  I PH>8.8    IALK<20    ITURB>16.51COND>12751   BOD>3.3  I  DO<4     ITOT>3700  IDIART<1.951  CHLA>40  I  SD<.7  I
          ID      NAME                        I TSI   HISTORICAL   I         I         I         I PH<5.2    I          ITSS>18    I          I COD>102  I           IFECAL>4701DINAT<1.5   I          I         I
          -----   --------------------------------------------                                                                                I TOC>27.51            I          IBECK<5.5   I          I         I

          ï¿½ WATER BODY TYPE: LAKE
            1   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE              IFAIR   Current      1   0     1         1    0    1     0     1          1     0    1                     1     0     1                            0    1     x   1
            2   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE              IFAIR   Current      1   0     1         1    0    1     0     1          1     0    1     0               1     0     1    0     1                 0    1     x   1
            3   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE              IFAIR   Current      1   0     1         1    0    1     0     1          1     0    1                     1     0     1          1                 0    1     x   1
            4   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE              IFAIR   Current      1   0     1         1    0    1     0     1          1     0    1     0    1          1     0     1    0     1                      1     0   1
            5   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE              IGOOD   Current      t   a     I         1    0    k     0     1          t     0    t                     1     0     1                      1     0    1     0   1
            6   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE              IFAIR   Current      1   0     1         1    0    1     0     1          1     0    1                     1     0     1                            x    I     x
            7   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE              IFAIR   Current      1   0     1         1    0    1     0     1          1     x    I                     1     0     1                                 1     x
            8   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE              IFAIR   Current      1   0     1         1    0    1     0     1          1     0    1          1          1     0     1                      1     0    1     x   1
            9   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE              IPOOR   Current      1   0     1         1    0    1     0     1    0     1     0    1                           0     1    0     1                 x    I     x

          ï¿½ WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
          10    S-135                         IGOOD   Current      1   0     1     a   I         1     0     1          1     0    1          1          1     0     1                                 1
          11    Lettuce Creek                 IFAIR   Current      1   0     1     0   1         1     0     1          1     0    1                           0     1    0                                  0   1
          12    S-135                         IPOOR   Current      1   0     1     x   I         1     0     1                                                 m



























          LEGEND:                          OOND-OONDUCTIVITY                           FECAL-FECAL COLIFORM BACTERIA TP-PHOSPHORUS                       WQI OR TSI-WATER QUALITY INDEX RATING
          ALK-ALKALINITY                   DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN                         HISTORICAL-1970 TO 1988           TOT-TOTAL COLIFORM BACTERIA           WHICH INDEX USED, WQI OR TSI, IS
          BECK-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX         CURRENT-1989 TO 1993                        OXYGEN DEMAND-BOD, COD, TOC       TSS-TOTAL SUSPE14DED SOLIDS           BASED ON WATERBODY TYPE
          BIOL DIV-BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY DIART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY           PH-PH                             TURB-TURBIDITY
          CHIA-CHLIOROPHYLL                DINAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY           TN-NITROGEN                       SD-SECCHI DISC METERS






                41.
                00










            SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT REPORT                                       - USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090201 LAKE OKEECHOBEE
                TRENDS -SOURCES -CLZK'rjP

                Ix'-DEGRADING TREND                                               1964 - 1993 TRENDS
                '0'-STABLE TREND                               -----------------------------------------------------
                ,,'-IMPROVING TREND                            I      1W      T1  T T  C  Sl P Al T TI B TI    DDI  T Fl  T F  i<--- PLEASE READ THESE COLUMNS VERTICALLY
                '.'-MISSING DATA               lQUALITY RANK   IOVER-10 or    Sl  N P  H  DIH   LlU Sl 0 01    001  C Cl  9  L I
                                               I-------------  I ALL 11       11       L  I     KIR Sl D  Cl    Si  0 01  M 0  1
                                               1         WVI ITRENDI           I       A  I     I B   I     I   Al  L Ll  P  W I
            WATERSHED                          I MEETS   OR I         I        I          I     I     I     I   Tj  1 11       1
            ID    NAME                         IUSE ?    TSI   I      I        I          I     I     I     I           I      I DEGRADATION SOURCES, PRESENT CONDITIONS AND CLEANUP EFFORTS
            -----  ------------------------    I-------------                                                                  ------------------------- - -- - -------------- - --------------- - ------------ - - - --------------

            ï¿½WA75R BODY TYPE: LAKE
            1   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE               IPARTIAL  FAIRI     0  1     0  1  0 0  0  010   1 0 xi    .1   001    .1  0    1
            2   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE               IPARTIAL  FAIRI     0  1     0  1  0 0  0  X10   1 0 KI    .1   0Of    .1  0    1
            3   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE               IPARTIAL  FAIRI     0  1     0  1  0 0  0  01+   1 0 01    .1   001    .1  0    1
            A   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE               IPARTIAL  FAIRI     .  I     .  I . . . . I  .   .1. .1    .1   ..1    .1  -    I
            5   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE               IYES      GOOD 1    0  1     0  1  + 0  0  01x   .10 .1    .1   0.1    .1       1
            6   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE               INO       FAIRI     x  I     x  1  0 x  .  010   .10 .1    .1   0.1    .1       1
            7   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE               IPARTIAL  FAIRI     .  I     .  I  . . . . I .   .1. .1    .1   ..1    .1       1
            8   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE               IPARTIAL  FAIRI     +  1     0  1  . . .   X10   .10 +1    .1   001    .1  0    1
            9   LAKE  OKEECHOBEE               INO       POORI     0  1     0  1  0 0  0  010   010 .1    .1   001  x xl  0    1

            ï¿½ WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
            10  S-135                          IYES      GOODI     x  I     x  I  + 0     .1x   .1x 01    .1   X.1    .1       1
            11  Lettuce Creek                  IPARTIAL  FAIRI     0  1     0  1  0 0     .10   .1  .1    .1   001      1 0    1
            12  S-135                          INO       POORI        I        I . . .



























            LEGEND:                       DOSAT-DO SATURATION                     TCOLI-TOTAL COLIFORM              TURB-TURBIDITY
                                          FCOLI-FECAL COLIFORM                    TEMP-TEMPERNTURE                  TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX FOR LAKES AND ESTUARIES
            ALK-ALKALINITY                FLOW-FL40W                              TN-NITROGEN                       WQI-WATER OULKITY INDEX FOR STREAMS AND SPRINGS
            BOD-BIOCHEK. OXYGEN DLICAND   MEETS USE-MEETS DESIGNATED USE          TOC-T.ORGANIC CAREON
            CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL              PH-PH                                   TP-PHOSPHORUS
            DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN           SD-SECCHI DISC METERS                   TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS










                                                                                       M            no              an         as,          as           I":           as           On                         m




























                                            LAKE
                                            OKEECHOBEE





                                                          ,As..






















                                               C-0






















                                                               tr- 0@1




                   SOUTHEAST FLORIDA BASIN                      WATER QUALITY
                           03090202                                  GOOD
                   AVERAGE WATER QUALITY                             THREATENED
                     1984-1993 STORET DATA                           FAIR
          WATERSHED ID NUMBERS LINK MAP TO TABLES                    POOR
              INDICATES QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT                       UNKNOWN
                                                                                             page 50











                                  SOUTHEASTERN FLORIDA BASIN


                   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------


                   Basic Facts


                     Drainage Area: 8,000 square miles
                     Major Land Uses: wetlands, agriculture, urban development
                     Population Density: high in coastal areas (Miami, Ft. Lauderdale,
                      West Palm Beach, Stuart, Homestead)
                     Major Pollution Sources: urban runoff, agriculture, boat dischargers,
                      sewage overflows
                     Best Water Quality Areas: Biscayne Bay, Card Sound
                     Worst Water Quality Areas: canals from Everglades Agricultural Area,
                      N. Fork Middle River, New River, Miami River
                     Water Quality Trends: stable quality at 23 sites, improvements at
                      fifteen coastal canals, degradation in the Savannas
                     OFW Waterbodies:
                      Everglades National Park
                      Biscayne National Park
                      Big Cypress National Preserve
                      Biscayne Bay State Aquatic Preserve
                      Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge
                      Loxahatchee River State Aquatic Preserve
                      Rotenberger Tract (CARL Project)
                      Savannas State Reserve
                      Northwest Fork of the Loxahatchee River
                     SWIM Waterbodies:
                      Lake Okeechobee
                      Everglades National Park/Florida Bay
                      Everglades Water Conservation Areas
                      Biscayne Bay
                      Savannas State Reserve
                     Reference Reports:
                      Bessey Creek and the Greater St. Lucie River, Estuary, DEP
                        (PSL), 1993
                      Broward County Annual Report, Broward County, 1986
                      Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Lake Worth, Deis, Walesky, and
                        Rudolph, 1983
                      Manatee Pocket and Willoughby Creek Survey, DEP (Port St. Lucie),
                        1988
                      Savannas BAS, DEP (Southeast), 1985
                      An Assessment of Water Quality and Sources of Pollution in the New
                        River Basin, Broward County, 1991, 1992
                      A Macroinvertebrate and Water Quality Study of the Freshwater Portion
                        of the Northwest Fork of the Loxahatchee River in Palm Beach and
                        Martin Counties, DEP (Port St. Lucie), 1990
                     Macroinvertebrates Associated with Macrophytes in Lake Okeechobee,
                      Florida, Biological Basin Assessment Survey, DEP (Port St. Lucie),
                      1990
                     Savannas Study, Biological Sampling Results, DFP (Port St. Lucie), 1989
                     North Fork of the St. Lucie River Macroinvertebrate Survey in February
                      and August 1986, with a Comparison to Previous Macroinvertebrate
                      Surveys, a Biological Basin Assessment Survey, DEP (Port St. Lucie),

                                                                                                                                51











                       1990
                    Basin Water Quality Experts:
                       Joe King, Broward County, 305n654900
                       Tom Fontaine, Ken Todd, Anthony Waterhouse, SFWMD, 407/686-8800
                       Greg Graves (PSL) 407-871-7662
                       Susan Markley, Dade DERM, 305/375-3376
                       Dorian Valdeo, Dade DERM, 305/372-6888


                    --- - - - - - ------- - --------------------------- - ---- - --------- - ---- - -




                   In the


                    ï¿½ A federal judge signed a settlement agreement on the cleanup of
                       Everglades pollution, signaling the end of a 3 1/2 year old lawsuit.
                       Requirements of a preliminary mediated settlement agreement included
                       in the Everglades Forever Act have replaced the federal settlement
                       agreement which ended the federal lawsuit. Algal blooms occurring in
                       Florida Bay and the continuing environmental deterioration of the bay
                       are major current concerns. The Everglades Forever Act requires the
                       SFWMD to develop and implement an emergency interim plan to deliver up
                       to 800 cfs of fresh water to Florida Bay.
                    ï¿½ A proposal by the EPA and Corps of Engineers which designates 24 square
                       miles of Broward County as unsuitable for development goes to public
                       hearing.
                    ï¿½ Health advisories recommending no consumption of largemouth bass due to
                       mercury content have been issued for Water Conservation Areas 2a, 3a
                       portions of Everglades National Park, and the Savannas and for
                       limited consumption in Water Conservation Area 1, and portions of
                       Everglades National Park.
                    ï¿½ An illegal dump containing tires, corroded batteries and diesel fuel
                       was uncovered near the Everglades Park boundary near interstate
                       Highway 75 and U.S. Highway 27. A construction company under contract
                       with DOT is being investigated and officials fear they may uncover
                       more illegal dump sites.
                    ï¿½ Studies by Broward County's Office of Natural Resource Protection found
                       unusually high levels of metals in muck and high bacteria counts in
                       waters from the New River.
                    ï¿½ Twenty EPA listed Superfund Sites are located within the area identified.
                       Approximately 50 more hazardous waste sites are subject to assessment and
                       remediation with the State of Florida as the lead agency. The sites
                       consist of heavy metal, solvent, pesticide/herbicide contamination. These
                       sites will mostly affect groundwater, however, all have the potential to
                       affect surface waters. In addition, approximately 5150 petroleum contaminated
                       sites are located in Dade, Broward, Palm Beach, Okeechobee and St. Lucie
                       Counties. Approximately 10,000 regulated petroleum facilities are located in
                       the counties identified.
                    ï¿½ In Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties, ten major public wellfields have shown
                       contamination in public/private drinking water supply wells, including the City
                       of Riviera Beach, the City of Delray Beach, the City of Hallandale, the Peele-
                       Dixie Wcllfield-City of Fort Lauderdale, the City of Dania, the City of Deerfield
                       Beach, the City of North Miami Beach, the Miami Springs/Preston Wcllficlds, and
                       the Fort Lauderdale Executive Airport Wellfield.
                    ï¿½ Major petroleum assessments/cleanups are in progress at Port Everglades, Miami                              52









                        International Airport and Homestead Air Force Base, among others.
                     ï¿½ Miami International Airport has been a recent focus for the Southeast District.
                        Contamination related to fuel handing (pipelines, storage tanks and stormwater),
                        aircraft maintenance and former Department of Defense facilities are all under
                        review. A Consent Order is in preparation. between DEP, the Metropolitan Dade County
                        Environmental Resources Management and the Dade County Aviation Department.
                      ï¿½ Several major Class I Solid Waste Disposal Facilities arc located along major canal
                        systems, including the North Dade Landfill, the South Dade Landfill, Lantana Landfill,
                        Resources Recovery of Dade, Munisport Landfill, Martin County Landfill, and Glades Road
                        Landfill. All have the potential to affect surface waters.


                      -- - --- - --- - ------------- - ------------ - ---- - - - ----- - --------------


                  Ecoloy-ical Characterization


                  This basin covers 8,000 square miles, an area twice as large as the next smaller basin, the Upper St. Johns
                  River basin. It includes the southeastern coast of Florida, from Ft. Pierce to south of Homestead, the Lake
                  Okeechobee drainage canals (those which drain to the Atlantic Ocean), water conservation areas, and a
                  portion of the Everglades including Cape Sable on the southwestern tip of Florida. This basin area is so
                  large because, in its natural state, the drainage was a vast continuous wedand with a slow sheet flow of
                  water from Lake Okeechobee south to Florida Bay. The net elevational change over the 130 miles north
                  to south is only about 15 feet, an average of about I inch per mile. Throughout this basin any small
                  changes in elevation can result in vast differences in vegetation and habitat. The native, predominantly
                  sawgrass plain is dotted with cypress domes and hardwood hammocks, depending on elevation.

                  The basin has been extensively modified from its natural state. Southeastern Florida is criss-crossed by
                  literally thousands of miles of canals and levees used to control and manage water resources, all of which
                  have been constructed in the last century. Controls are centered around Lake Okeechobee, often referred
                  to as the hub of this water management system. The remainder of the system includes five major canals
                  that radiate out korn Lake Okeechobee to the Atlantic, and one major waterway, the Caloosahatchee
                  River, to the Gulf. The southeastern canals are the Miami Canal, North New River Canal, lEllsboro
                  Canal, West Palm Beach Canal and St. Lucie Canal. A sixth major canal, the Tamiami Canal stretching
                  across the middle of the basin, serves as the primary drainage for the Everglades and the lower
                  southeastern coast. Control structures at all the majorjunctions of these canals allow water quantity
                  management throughout the system. Water quantity is managed for flood control and water supply for
                  agricultural activities, aquifer recharge, drinking water, and delivery to Everglades National Park.


                  Land use can be broken into four major categories. The eastern ridge ftom Ft. Pierce to Homestead is a
                  more or less solid band of urban development from 5 to 15 miles inland. This band is bordered on the
                  west by a thin band of agricultural and/or citrus operations (the northernmost coast is more citrus than
                  urban). This urban/citrus band covers about one-fourth of the basin. An area south and east of Lake
                  Okeechobee, about an eighth of the basin, is known as the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) where
                  intensive cultivation of mostly sugar cane and row crops occur. Another sizable row cropping operation
                  occurs near Homestead. Another area, roughly the size of the EAA in this basin is the Everglades
                  National Park, a vast sawgrass wetland. In between the EAA and the Park and making up most of the rest
                  of the basin (about 1/3-1/2) are the Water Conservation Areas. These sawgrass and cattail wetlands are
                  maintained as a water quantity buffer for all the various needs within the basin, and as a water quality
                  buffer for the Park.





                                                                                                                                        53









                 This basin has several waterbodies with special designations, including the only two recommended
                 Outstanding National Resource Waters: Everglades National Park and Biscayne National Park. These
                 are pending legislative ratification.


                 AnthroM,zenic Impacts


                 This basin is extremely difficult to analyze in the same manner as the other Florida basins for several
                 reasons. First is its size. Second, most of the reaches are manmade canals with controlled flow regimes.
                 Third, some of the reaches in this basin are too large (up to 60 miles), resulting in the loss of information
                 on local water quality problems. The result is that this basin assessment relies more heavily on the
                 professional judgment offered in reports and by DEP district and county agency personnel than on the
                 calculated water quality index values.


                 Before giving an area-by-area description of water quality, some basin-wide generalizations can be made.
                 The eastern coast area is heavily urbanized and the major pollution source in these urban areas is
                 stormwater. Most WWTPs either use deep well injection or ocean outfalls, but where they do discharge to
                 surface waters, there are usually water quality problems. The western portions of the basin, particularly
                 south of Lake Okeechobee, are affected by intensive agricultural development. In the southern portion of
                 the basin, between the agricultural areas and the urban areas, are vast diked wetlands which are Water
                 Conservation Areas for aquifer recharge. Although the Conservation Areas absorb some of the nutrient
                 load, the canals' water quality depends heavily on water quantity (inverse relationship).


                 The extensive channelization that has occurred has exacerbated water quality problems. A frequent
                 problem is low DO with resultant fish kills. There has been a great deal of controversy about the impact
                 of agricultural activities on the water quality in Lake Okeechobee, the canals, the Conservation Areas and
                 the Everglades National Park. The native sawgrass community in these wetlands of the conservation
                 areas and the park is beginning to be replaced by cattails. This shift in the predominant vegetation and its
                 threat to the Everglades National Park has caused real concern. A federal lawsuit was filed against state
                 and regional environmental agencies for allowing poor quality water to enter federally protected waters.
                 A settlement was reached in that lawsuit in February, 1992. To date, DEP has identified four major
                 violations of Class III criteria caused by nutrient enrichment. These include imbalances of aquatic flora
                 and fauna, dominance of nuisance species, biological integrity, and dissolved oxygen.


                 The water quality in the northeastern portion of the basin is relatively good. The major problems are near
                 Port St. Lucie. Fivemile and Tenmile Creeks, which receive runoff from citrus groves, exhibit poor water
                 quality with high levels of pesticides. These pesticides are suspected to adversely impact the North Fork
                 and St. Lucie estuary. DEP plans to conduct an investigative study. The North Fork of the St. Lucie
                 River improves downstream of the confluence of Fivemile and Terimile creeks, but is still affected along
                 with the main stem by runoff from construction sites and urban development along the river in Port St.
                 Lucie. Manatee Pocket, a small port area on the St. Lucie River estuary, has very poor water quality and a
                 severely depressed biological community in its southern reaches, but improves near the inlet where
                 circulation is better. The Savannas State Preserve, a 15 mile long area of fresh water marsh located
                 between Ft. Pierce and Stuart, has fairly good water quality, but has other environmental problems.
                 Concentrations of mercury in fish tissue were high enough to warrant a no consumption advisory for
                 largemouth bass. Also, uncontrolled stormwater runoff may be adversely affecting water quality, plant
                 communities and biota. A study is underway to assess the extent of the problem.


                 The Loxahatchcc basin was evaluated in a district basin assessment. Good to fair water quality was
                 generally found throughout the area. Problem areas included a small section of the North Fork of the                     54











                 Loxahatchee River which has low DO concentrations and waters in Jonathon Dickinson State Park which
                 had high coliform counts. The estuarine portion of the Loxahatchee River has had a dramatic decline in
                 scagrass beds in the last decade. Jupiter Sound has good water quality and a healthy biological
                 community.


                 The L-8, West Palm Beach, Hillsboro, North New River and Miami Canals from Lake Okeechobee to the
                 L4-L7 canals, which roughly delimit the EAA, exhibit poor water quality with extremely high nutrients
                 and low DO values. Pesticides, BOD, bacteria and suspended solids have also been identified as
                 problems. Agricultural runoff and the overflow or seepagefrom sugar mill retention ponds provide the
                 pollutant loading to these canals. In addition, between the L-8 and West Palm Beach Canals, sludge
                 spreading operations may further impact these waterways. The West Palm Beach canal periodically
                 exhibited a toxicity problem with fish kills occurring after heavy rains drain from the Chemair Spray
                 hazardous waste site. Canals bordering conservation areas generally have very low DO concentrations
                 typical of marsh waters. Nutrient levels at the perimeter of the marsh are somewhat elevated, probably
                 due to detritus breakdown as well as the agricultural drainage.


                 Further to the east the North New River Canal joins the South Fork of the New River near Ft. Lauderdale
                 and the Mian-d Canal joins the Miami River near Miami. Both rivers are located in heavily urbanized
                 areas and have been channelized and bulkheaded.


                 The New River receives discharges from improperly functioning septic tanks, vessels, industrial activities
                 and stormwater runoff. A prelin-dnary assessment by Broward County's Office of Natural Resource
                 Assessment identified two sections of the river that show nutrient enrichment and potentially high
                 coliform bacteria counts from septic tank discharges. Areas of the river which have vessel sewage
                 discharges have been linked to high fecal coliform. counts. Metal enrichment in sediment has been found
                 for tin, copper, zinc, and chromium at all marina sites.


                 The most serious problems confronting the Miami River are chronic and acute coliform bacteria
                 contamination and enrichment of sediments with heavy metals and organic pollutants. Median levels of
                 total coliform bacteria during the past five years exceeded 1500/100 ml at eight stations on the river.
                 Sampling of stormwater sewers during dry season frequently gave counts of over 100,000 coliform
                 bacteria/100 ml. Acute contan-dnation is the result of raw sewage discharge from either emergency
                 overflows or manholes when flow conditions exceed pump station capacity. This occurs as a consequence
                 of mechanical failure or inflow of large quantities of stormwater or ground water into the sewer system.
                 The chronic contamination that has been occurring is the result of illegal sewer connections to stormwater
                 pipes, leaking pipes and joints, and broken pipes.
                 The bacteria problems 'of the Miami River and its impact on Biscayne Bay have been a concern since the
                 1940's. One additional problem that has plagued the river has been a lack of coordinated authority. As
                 many as 30 agencies exercise some degree of authority over the river or activities that affect the quality of
                 the river. In response to this problem, in 1984 then-Governor Bob Graham established the Miami River
                 Management Committee. The mission of this committee was to develop a coordinated plan for improving
                 the river. Through the efforts of this committee and its successor, the Miami River Coordinating
                 Committee, local governments, and the Florida Legislature in 1986 provided funding specifically for the
                 restoration of the river. These funds were used by state agencies and Metro-Dade Department of
                 Environmental Resources Management (DEW for the following projects: stormwater outfall
                 improvement project, establishment of a state-local pollution control enforcement program, pollution
                 control enforcement and monitoring, and ranking of-drainage basins for retrofitting. DERM has recently
                 been involved in surface water monitoring, dyc studies, and televising selected stonn and sewer pipes to

                                                                                                                                   55



                                                                                                           . I                                     I


                 locate sources of bacterial contamination. An   additional problem that DERM faces is the heavy use of the
                 river by ship traffic. City and county ordinances prohibit discharge of untreated waste from vessels, but
                 enforcement is very difficult. The second problem facing the Miami River is heavy metal, pesticides, and
                 organic pollutant enrichment of sediments. Metals enrichment is among the highest in Florida. Sources
                 of contaminants are urban stormwater runoff, domestic and industrial waste discharges, and bioacid used
                 on vessels.


                 A controversial issue involving the Miami River is the proposed dredging of sediments by the U.S. Army
                 Corps of Engineers. The purpose for dredging would be to improve navigation. At the heart of the issue
                 is the location of a disposal site. Originally, spoil was to dumped at an ocean disposal site 3.6 miles
                 offshore. Recent data indicates the sediments are not suitable for ocean disposal. Between West Palm
                 Beach and Ft. Lauderdale, the four parallel north-south canals, E-1, E-2, E-3, and E4 are all of fair
                 quality except the westemmost which ispoor from agricultural runoff The other three are more directly
                 affected by urban stormwater. The Earman River (or C-17) has historically been degraded by WWTP
                 discharge; however, the discharge has been reduced and should be eliminated soon, and nitrogen levels in
                 the canal are improving. Lake Worth, which is really a coastal estuarine lagoon, has good water quality
                 near. the inlet and is mostly good north of the inlet; however, water quality degrades south of the inlet
                 especially where the West Palm Beach canal enters. Water quality improves again at the South Lake
                 Worth inlet and near Boca Raton inlet.


                 The Ft. Lauderdale area seems to be particularly plagued with water quality problems due to urban runoff
                 and from historical WWTP discharge. Frequently the westermnost stations on the canals have the worst
                 water quality, again from agricultural sources. Canals throughout the area are frequently choked with
                 weeds and require mechanical removal or herbicide treatment. A DEP study of major Dade County canals
                 in 1985 showed poor water quality conditions, low biological diversity and many exotic plants and
                 animals.


                 Biscayne Bay is affected by canal discharge and port activity but has fairly good water quality because of
                 flushing from the Atlantic Ocean, especially south of Key Biscayne. A potentially threatening problem is
                 increased turbidity caused by resuspension of spoil from the bay bottom. Much of the bay is blanketed
                 with seagrasses which are associated with high biological quality. Boat traffic and shoreline development
                 and pollutants from the Miami River threaten the bay.


                 Some areas in Florida Bay have experienced a massive seagrass and mangrove die-off. Researchers
                 estimate 9,880 acres of grass have died and another 66,690 acres have been impacted to a lesser extent.
                 Three years of investigation has all but ruled out direct anthropogenic impacts. The mostprobable
                 reasons are lack of flushing from hurricanes, high water temperature, and high water salinity. Diversion
                 of water into canals has reduced freshwater inflow. Salinity of bay water has been recorded as high as 70
                 ppt. Mercury contamination in scatrout collected from Florida Bay may indicate a need for concern.


                 Following the 1992 federal lawsuit settlement, agricultural interests filed legal challenges to the SWIM
                 Plan and State permits intended to implement the settlement. After failure of mediation attempts to
                 achieve a new settlement which included the agricultural interests, the Florida Legislature passed the
                 Everglades Forever Act which included the latest preliminary mediated plan. Very high nitrogen
                 concentrations have been measured in some of the canals which flow into Biscayne Bay from the
                 agricultural area of southeast Dade County.





                                                                                                                                         56















                                                                                                                                        USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090202 SOUTHEAST FLORIDA COAST
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               INDEX           GOOD FAIR POOR
                  SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA FOR 1970-1993                                                                                                                                                                                                  ----------- ----- ----- -----
                  MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED                                                                                                                                                                                                          WQI-RIVER           0-44 45-59-60-90
                  CURRENT PERIOD OF RECORD (1989-1993) USED WHERE AVAILABLE                                                                                                                                                                                 TSI-ESTUARY 0-49 50-59 60-100                     -----
                  PERIOD PRIOR TO 1989 IS EVALUATED AS HISTORICAL INFORMATION                                                                                                                                                                               TSI-IAKE            0-59 60-69 70-!00                 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              BIOLOGICAL                                      WATER
                  WATERSHED                                               WATERSHED DATA RECORD                                   WAN ER                 DISSOLVED            OXYGEN                  PH              TROPHIC                                    SPECIES                                      QUALITY
                  ID     NAME                                             ----------------------                                  CLARITY                   OXYGEN             DEMAND            ALKALINITY             STATUS             COLIFORM            DIVERSITY             COND FLOW                INDICES
                  ----- ---------------------------------                MAX         BEG END        DATA   ---------------------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ----- ----- ---------------
                                                                          #OBS       YR YR        PERIOD               TURB    SD COLOR         TSS      DO DOSAT        BOD    COD       TOC    PH       ALK     NITRO PHOS CHLA          TOTAL FECL NAT ART BECK                   COND FLOW            VfQI        Ts:

                  ï¿½ WATER BODY TYPE: ESTUARY
                  46     INTERCOASTAL                                         0      89 93     Current                 2.2     1.6      23         8     6.4        74   0.9                     7.6      118     0.55  0.04          2      20     13                           45525                                42
                  47     SOUTH INDIAN RIVER                                   0      ag 94     current                 1.2     1.6      43         2     4.6        52   O.S                     1.2      15'?    0.89  O.Ot          6    626      60                               606                              49
                  52     TIDAL ST.LUcIE                                       0      89 93     Current                 4.2     0.9      60         7     6.2        63   4.6                     7.4      143     1.03  0.14          4    780     100                             1220                               6 '
                  53     SOUTH COASTAL                                        0      89 92     Current                 4.2     7.4      21      31       5.9        68   6.0                     7.6              0.47  0.07          5                                          48150                                39

                  ï¿½WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
                  1      C-111                                                0      89 93     Current                 1.8     1.3      27         1     4.9        57                           7.1              0.96  0.01                                                         593                      33
                  2      BISCAYNE BAY                                         0      0      0  Current                                                                                                                                                                                                        24
                  3      FLORIDA CITY                                         0      89 92     Current                 2.3              63         2     1.1        @ (3                         1.0              1.46  0.02                                                         -154                     44
                  4      C-102                                                0      89 90     Current                 1.8     2.5         4             6.0        69                           7.0              3.61  0.00               255     101                               664                      33
                  5      C-1                                                  0      89 93     Current                 1.5     3.0                       5.3        62                           7.3      196     0.43  0.02          3                                              511                      24
                  6      C-100                                                0      89 93     Current                 2.0     3.0                       7.7        91                           7.3      195     0.42  0.02          3                                            1371                       12
                  7      TAMIAMI EAST                                         0      89 90     Current                 2.0     1.7      28               5.0        59                           7.4              0.94  0.02                       144                               582                      33
                  8      AREA B                                               0      89 90     Current                 2.0     1.5      53               2.8        33                           7.0              1.23  0.02                        33                               729                      39
                  9      CONSERVATION      AREA 3B                            0      89 93     Current                 2.0        .     65         2     3.2        39                           7.0              1.65  0.02                                                         747                      46
                  10     C-6                                                  0      99 90     Current                51.1     1.0      &1               J.B        22                           1.2              1.13  0.07                       143                               606                      61
                  11     C-7                                                  0      89 90     Current                 1.6     1.9      50               2.7        31                           7.1              1.57  0.04                       285                               673                      54
                  12     C-8                                                  0      89 90     Current                 1.1     2.0      so               6.1        70                           7.4              1.25  0.03                        90                               526                      34
                  13     C-9 WEST                                             0      89 92     Current                 1.6     2.1      63               1.8        21                           7.0              1.67  0.02               160      14                               792                      40
                  14     C-9 EAST                                             0      89 90     Current                 1.6     2.3      43               5.8        68                           7.3              1.33  0.02                       615                               630                      34
                  15     C-10                                                 0      89 89     Current                 3.0     1.5      30               4.0        51                           7.1              0.68  0.05                       190                           23600                        48
                  16     CONSERVATION AREA 3A                                 0      89 93     Current                 1.5        .     65         2     4.1        43                           7.0              1.44  0.02                                                         553                      43
                  17     C-11 WEST                                            0      B9 S9     Current                 3.3     1.5      60               4.0        49                           1.2              1.50  0.03                        60                               745                      so
                  20     NORTH NEW RIVER                                      0      89 90     Current                 3.2     1.2      51               4.5        54                           7.4              1.37  0.04               213      38                             8647                       40
                  21     C-12                                                 0      89 89     Current                 2.9     0.7      50               4.7        58                           7.1              1.23  0.09                        95                             2661                       46
                  22     L-28 GAP                                             0      89 92     Current                 2.2              80         3     5.6        54                           7.2              1.11  0.06                                                         575                      37
                  24     CONSERVATION AREA 2B                                 0      89 92     Current                 2.4     1.4      60         4     4.1        44                           7.2              1.65  0.03                        30                               870                      43
                  25     C-13 EAST                                            0      89 89     Current                 2.9     1.7      is               4.5        57                           7.4              0.45  0.06                        80                           39500                        42
                  26     C-13 WEST                                            0      89 89     Current                 3.7     1.1      50               4.0        50                           7.2              1.30  0.02                           5                             700                      36
                  27     P014PANO CANAL                                       a      89 89     Current                 4.1     1.2      SO               5.'s       63                           1. 6             1.02  0.21                       290                               650                      S5
                  28     C-14                                                 0      89 91     Current                 2.5     1.4      43         1     5.7        67                           7.2              1.30  0.03              3279      43                               633                      30
                  29     L-28 INTERCEPTOR                                     0      89 92     Current                 3.3              80         5     5.3        52                           7.2              1.43  0.06                                                         529                      46
                  30     CONSERVATION AREA 2A                                 0      89 92     Current                 2.2              106        5     3.3        38                           7.0              2.09  0.04               678      51                               840                      52
                  31     HILLSBORO CANAL                                      0      89 93     Current                 3.0     1.4      68               5.1        61   1.6                     7.3      199     1.44  0.09               300      40                               571                      40
                  32     S-7                                                  0      89 92     Current                 4.9              95               2.5        .                            6.7              2.40  0.03                                                       1077                       55
                  33     S-8                                                  0      89 92     Current                 2.3              100        2     5.8        65                           7.0              2.55  0.03                                                         604                      54
                  34     C-15                                                 0      89 92     Current                 2.6     1.1      '78     10       6.1        72   2.0                     7.2      192     1.37  0.10               555      66                               452                      43
                  35     CONSERVATION AREA 1                                  0      89 93     Current                 5.7     0.6      161        7     2.7        29                           6.8              3.58  0.15                                                       1025                       76
                  36     C-139                                                0      92 92     Current                 8.5     0.6      38      10       8.9     103                             8.3              1.28  0.07        30                                               495                      39
                  37     S-6                                                  0      89 93     Current                 4.8        .     118        4     4.0        36                           6.9              2.82  0.08                                                       1183                       69

                  LEGEND:                                   BOD-BIOCHEMICAL, OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L                     DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN MG/L                        MAX #OBS-MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SAMPLES                  SD-SECCHI       DISC METERS                       TURB-TURBIDITY MG/L
                  ALK-ALKALINITY MG/L                       CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL UG/L                                   DOSAT-DO I SATURATION                           NAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY                     TOC-TOTAL       ORGANIC CARBON MG/L               WQI-WATER QUALITY TNDEX
                  ART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DI               COD-CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L                         END YR-ENDING YEAR                              NITRO-TOTAL NITROGEN MG/L                           TOTAL-TOTAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML
                  BEG YR-BEGINNING, SAMPLING YEAR COLOR-COLOR PCU                                                   FECL-FECAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML PH-PH STANDARD UNITS                                                  TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX
                  BECK-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX                  COND-CONDUCTIVITY UMHOS                                 FLOW-FLOW CPS                                   PHOS-TOTAL PHOSPHORUS MG/L                          TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS MG/L






                         "A















                                                                                                   USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090202 SOUTHEAST FLORIDA COAST
                                                                                                                                                                                         INDEX       GOOD FAIR POOR
           SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA FOR 1970-1993                                                                                                                                    ----------- ----- ----- -----
           MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED                                                                                                                                            WQI-RIVER     0-44 45-59-60-90
             CURRENT PERIOD OF RECORD (1989-1993) USED WHERE AVAILABLE                                                                                                                 TSI-ESTUARY 0-49 50-59 60-100        -----
             PERIOD PRIOR TO 1989 IS EVALUATED AS HISTORICAL INFORMATION                                                                                                               TSI-LAKE      0-59 60-69 70-100         1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               1
                                                                                                                                                                                         BIOLOGICAL                         WATER
           WATERSHED                                 WATERSHED DATA RECORD                     WATER          DISSOLVED        OXYGEN          PH           TROPHIC                       SPECIES                           QUALITY
           ID    NAME                               ----------------------                    CLARITY            OXYGEN       DEMAND        ALKALINITY       STATUS        COLIFORM      DIVERSITY       COND FLOW          INDICES
           ----- ---------------------------------  MAX    BEG END      DATA ---------------------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ----- ----- ---------------
                                                    OOBS   YR  YR      PERIOD         TURB  SD COLOR    TSS   DO DOSAT    BOD   COD   TOC   PH    ALK   NITRO PHOS   CHLA  TOTAL FECL NAT ART BECK       COND FLOW       wol     TSI

           38    C-16                                   0  89  92   Current           3.6   1.1    74     3   6.8     82  2.1               7.2   142   1.52 0.14          585   65                      487                41
           39    S-2                                    0  89  92   Current           4.2   0.8   136         3.2     52                    6.9         3.22 0.13          176   13                     1238                67
           40    S-3                                    0  91  91   Current                                   2.9     .                     6.9           .  0.14                                       1010                75
           41    C-51                                   0  89  93   Current           3.7   1.2    95     4   5.3     67  1.8               7.2   135   1.73 0.06      3   560   105                     600                42
           42    S_5A                                   0  89  92   Current           13.5        295     .   3.1     54                    6.7    .    11.05 0.23           39  10                     1509                78
           43    C-17                                   0  89  92   Current           3.9          49     5   6.6     78  1.8               6.9   146   1.59 0.07          295   68                      449                41
           44    C-18                                   0  89  93   Current           1.6   1.6    54     2   5.6     59  1.2               7.2         0.63 0.03      7   330   60                      448                32
           45    L-8                                    0  91  91   Current                                   3.6     .                     7.0           .  0.16                                       1623                74
           49    JONATHAN DICKINSON                     0  89  94   Current           2.5   1.0   273     4   5.3     61  1.2               7.6    19   0.82 0.05            67  '75                    9190                35
           50    C-44                                   0  89  90   Current           4.6   0.9    49     4   6.3     74                    7.2         1.03 0.08                                        863                36
           51    BASIN 2                                0  92  92   Current           4.4   1.2    30   40    5.7     68  6.4               7.6         0.43 0.02      3                               51500                54
           54    BASIN 4                                0  92  92   Current           5.2   0.9   150     4   3.5     42  7.2               7.1         0.70 0.07      6         80                      530                58
           55    C-24                                   0  89  92   Current           3.3   0.9   100   29    2.7     33  8.4               7.0         1.20 0.17     23         43                     1709                63
           56    NORTH ST.LUCIE                         0  89  93   Current           4.3   1.1    69   24    6.0     68  7.0               7.0    58   1.00 0.14     12     99  44                     5981                47





























           LEGEND:                          SOD-BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L      DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN MG/L          MAX #OBS-MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SAMPLES SD-SECCHI DISC M13TERS                  TURB-TURBIDITY MG/L
           ALK-ALKALINITY MG/L              CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL UG/L                   DOSAT-DO I SATURATION             NAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY        TOC-TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON MG/L      WQI-WATER QUALITY INDEX
           ART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DI      COD-CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L         END YR-ENDING YEAR                NITRO-TOTAL NITROGEN MG/L              TOTAL-TOTAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML
           BEG YR-BEGINNING SAMPLING YEAR COLOR-COLOR PCU                           FECL-FECAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML     PH-PH STANDARD UNITS                   TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX
           BECK-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX         OOND-CONDUCTIVITY UNHOS                 FLOW-FLOW CPS                     PHOS-TOTAL PHOSPHORUS MG/L             TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS MG/L







                 00



     mm m mm'm m mmmm mm






          SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA SCREENING REPORT                        USGS HYDROLOGIC    UNIT: 03090202 SOUTHEAST FLORIDA COAST
          MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED SCREENED
                 :X'-EXCEEDS SCREENING CRITERIA                                                                                  SCREENING VARIABLES    AND CRITERIA
                 0'-wITHIN SCREENING CRITERIA
                 '.'=MISSING DATA
                                              I RANX DATA RECORDI      TN   I STREAM  I LAKE    I    PH    I   ALX    I  7URB &  I  COND     IOXYGEN    I   DO     lCOLIFORM  I BIOL      I CHLA     ISECCHI   I
                                              I------------------           I    TP   I    TP   I                     I   TSS    I           IDEMAND    I          I BACTI    I  DIV      I          I DISC    I
                                              t Mol    CURRENT              I                   I                     I          I                      I          I          i           I          i         I
          WATERSHED                           I OR         OR     I TN>2.0  I TP>.46  I TP>.12  I PH>8.8   I ALK<20   ITURB>16.51COND>12751   BOD>3.3   I DO<4     ITOT>3700  IDIART<1.951  CHLA>40  I  SD<.7  I
          ID     NAME                         I TSI  HISTORICAL   I         I         I         I PH<5.2   I          I TSS>18   I           ICOD>102   I          IFECAL>4701DINAT<1.5   I          I         t
          -----  --------------------------------------------     I         I         I         I          I          I          I           ITOC>27.51            I          IBECK<5.5   I          I         I

            WATER BODY TYPE: ESTUARY
          46     INTERCOASTAL                 IGOOD  Current      1    0    1         1    0    1     0    1     0    1     0    1     m     1    0     1     0    1     0    1           1     0    1     0   1
          4"l    SOUTH INDIM  RIVER           IGOOD  Current      1    0    1         1    0    1     0    1     0          0    1     0     1    0     1     0    1     0    1           1     0    1     0   1
          52     TIDAL ST.LUcIE               IPOOR  Current      1    0    1         1    x    1     0    1     0    1     0    1     0     1    x     1     0    1     0    1           1     0    1     0   1
          53     SOUTH COASTAL                IGOOD  Current      1    0    1         1    0    1     0    1                           x     I    K     1     0    1                      1     0    1     0   1

            WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
            1    C-111                        IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1    -    1     0    1          1     0    1                      1     0    1                                       0   1
            2    BISCAYNE BAY                 IGOOD  Current      1    0    1         1    -    I          1     0    1          1                      1          1                      1     0    1     0   1
            3    FLORIDA CITY                 IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1         1     0    1          1     0    1                      1     x    I                      I          I     .   1
            4    C-102                        IGOOD  Current      I    x    1     0   1         1     0    1          1     0    1                      1     0    1     0    1           1          1     0   1
            5    C-1                          IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1         1     0    1     0    1     0    1                      1     0    1          1           1     0    1     0   1
            6    C-100                        IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1         1     0    1     0    1     0          x                1     0    1          1           1     0    1     0   1
            7    TAMIAMI EAST                 IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1         1     0               1     0                           1     0    1     0    1                            0   1
            8    AREA B                       IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1         1     0               1     0    1                      1     x    1     0    1                            0   1
            9    CONSERVATION AREA 3B         IFAIR  Current      1    0    1     0   1         1     0               1     0    1                      1     x    I          I                            .   I
          10     C-6                          IPOOR  Current      1    0    1     0   1         1     0               1     x    I                      I     x    1     0    1                            0   1
          11     C-7                          IFAIR  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0               1     0    1                            x    1     0    1                            0   1
          12     C-8                          IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0               1     0    1                            0    1     0    1                            0   1
          13     C-9 WEST                     IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0               1     0    1                      1     x    1     0    1                            0   1
          14     C-9 EAST                     IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0               1     0    1                      1     0    1     x    1                            0   1
          is     C-10                         IFAIR  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0               1     0    1     x                1     0    1     0    1                            0   1
          16     CONSERVATION AREA 3A         IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     D   1               0               1     0    1                      1     0    1          1                            .   1
          17     C-11 WEST                    IFAIR  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0               1     0    1                      1     0    1     0    1                            0   1
          20     NORTH NEW RIVER              IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0               1     0    1     x                1     0    1     0    1           1                0   1
          21     C-12                         IFAIR  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0               1     0    1     x                1     0    1     0    1                            0   1
          22     L-28 GAP                     IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0               1     0    1                      1     0    1          1                            .   1
          24     CONSERVATION AREA 2B         IFAIR  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0                     0    1                      1     0    1     0    1                            0   1
          25     C-13 EAST                    IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0                     0    1     x                1     0    1     0    1                            0   1
          26     C-13 WEST                    IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0    1          1     0    1                      1     0    1     0    1                            0   1
          27     POMPANO CANAL                IFAIR  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0    1          1     0    1                      1     0    1     0    1                            0   1
          28     C-14                         IFAIR  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0    1          1     0    1                      1     0    1     0    1           1                0   1
          29     L-28 INTERCEPTOR             IFAIR  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0    1          1     0    1                      1     0    1          1           1                .   1
          30     CONSERVATION AREA 2A         IFAIR  Current      I    x    1     0   1               0    1          1     0    1     0     1          1     x    1     0    1                            .   1
          31     HILLSBORO CANAL              IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0          0    1     0    1     0     1    0     1     0    1     0    1                            0   1
          32     S-7                          IFAIR  Current      I    x    1     0   1               0                     0    1                      1     x    I          I                            .   1
          33     s-8                          IFAIR  Current      I    x    1     0   1               0                     0    1                      1     0    1          1                            .   1
          34     C-15                         IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0          0          0    1     0          0           0    1     0    1                            0   1
          35     CONSERVATION AREA 1          1POOR  Current      I    x    1     0   1               0                     0                                 x    I                                       x   1
          36     C-139                        IGOOD  Current      1    0    1     0   1               0                     0                           1     0    1                            0    1     x   1
          37     S-6                          IPOOR  Current      I    x    1     0   1               0                     0    1                            0    1                                 1     .   I

        LEGEND:                           COND-CONDUCTIVITY                           FECAL-FECAL COLIFORM BACTERIA     TP-PHOSPHORUS                   WQI OR TSI-WATER QUALITY INDEX RATING
        ALK-ALKALINITY                    DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN                         HISTORICAL-1970 TO 1988           TOT-TOTAL OOLIFORM BACTERIA           WHICH INDEX USED, WQI OR TSI, IS
        BM-BECKIS BIOTIC INDEX            CURRENT-1989 TO 1993                        OXYGEN DEMAND-BOD,OoD,TOC         TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS            BASED ON WATERBODY TYPE
        BIOL DIV-BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY     DIART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY PH-PH                                    TURB-TURBIDITY
        CHIA-CHLOROPHYLL                  DINAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY           TN-NITROGEN                       SD-SECCHI DISC METERS















           SURFACE WATER         lY DATA SCREENING REPORT                             USGS HYDROLOGIC      UNIT: 03090202 SOUTHEAST FLORIDA COAST
           MED:Po@ VA@UES FOR EACH WATERSHED SCREENED

                              SCREENING CRITERIA                                                                                                SCREENING VARIABLES      AND CRITERIA
                  'o'-W_7H:N SCREENING CRITERIA
                              'AT
                       SS:NGG     A
                                                  I RANK DATA RECORDI          TN    ISTREAM    I LAKE     I    PH     I   ALK      I TURB (i   I COND       IOXYGEN     I    DO     ICOLIFORM   1. BIOL       I CHLA      I SECCHI   I
                                                  I------------------    I           I    TP    I   TP     I           I            I   TSS     I            IDEMAND     I           I BACTI     I    DIV      I           I  DISC    I
                                                  I wi        CURRENT I              I          I          I           I            I           I            I           I           I           I             I           I          I
           WATEMHED                               I OR          OR       I TN>2.0    ITP>.46    ITP>.12    I PH>8.8    I ALK<20     ITURB>16.51COND>12751     BOD>3.3    I  DD<4     ITOT>3700   IDIART<1.951    CHLA>40   I  SD<.7   I
           ID     N)Qa                            I TSI    HISTORICAL    I           I          I          I PH<5.2    I            I TSS>18    I            ICOD>102    I           IFECAL>4701DINAT<1.5      I           I
                  --------------------------------------------           I           I          I          I           I            I                        ITOC>27.51              I           I BECK<5.5    I

           38     C- 6                            1 GOOD   Current       1     0     1     0    1          1     0     1      0     1     0     1      0     1     0     1     0     1      0    1             1           1      0
           39     5-2                             1 POOR   Current       I     x     1     0    1          1     0     1            1     0     1      0     1           1     x     1      0    1             1                  0
           40     S-3                             I POOR   Current       I     .     1     0    1          1     0     1            1           1            1           1     x     I           I             I                  .
           41     C-51                            1 GOOD   Current       1     0     1     0    1          1     0     1      0     1     0     1      0     1     0     1     0     1      0    1             1     0     1      0   1
           42     S-SA                            I POOR   Current       I     x     1     0    1          1     0     1            1     0     1      x     I           I     x     1      0    1
           43     C-17                            I GOOD   Current       1     0     1     0    1          1     0     1      0     1     0     1      0     1     0     1     0     1      0    1
           44     C-le                            I GOOD   Current       1     0     1     0    1          1     0     1            1     0     1      0     1     0     1     0     1      0    1             1     0     1      0   1
           45     '_-S                            I POOR   Current       I     .     1     0    1          1     0     1            1           1      x     I           I     x     I           I             I           I      .   1
           49     jONATIHAN :):C<-.;SON           I GOOD   Current       1     0     1     0    1          1     0     1      x     1     0     1      x     1     0     1     0     1      0    1                         1      0   1
           50     C-44                            I GOOD   Current       1     0     1     0    1          1     0     1            1     0     1            1           1     0     1           1                         1      0   1
           51     BAS TK 2                        1 FAIR   Current       1     0     1     0    1          1     0     1                  x     I      x     I     x     1     0     1           1             1     0     1      0   1
           54     BASD; 4                         1 FAIR   Current       1     0     1     0    1          1     0     1                  0     1.     .     I     x     I     x     1      0    1             1     D     1      0   1
           55     C-24                            1 POOR   Current       1     0     1     0    1          1     0     1                  x     I      x     I     x     I     x     1      0    1             1     0     1      0   1
           56     NOR711                          I FAIR   Current       1     0     1     0    1          1     0     1      0     1     x     I      x     I     x     1     0     1      0    1             1     0     1      0   1




























           LEGEND:                              COND-CONDUCTIVITY                               FECAL-FECAL COLIFORM BACTERIA         TP-PHOSPHORUS                      WQI OR TSI-WATER QUALITY INDEX RATING
           ALK-ALKA.:.:N:7Y                     DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN                             HISTORICAL-1970 TO 1988               TOT-TOTAL COLIFORM BACTERIA              WHICH INDEX USED, WQI OR TSI, IS
           BECK-BE-,<'S B--^-:@' :NDEX          CURRENT-1989 TO 1993                            OXYGEN DEMAND-BOD,COD,TOC             TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS               BASED ON WATERBODY TYPE
           BIOL DIV-B:O!,OG:CA:. DIVERSITY DIART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY                 PH-PH                                 TURB-TURBIDITY
           CHLA-CF.LOROPIHY'_@                  DINAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY               TN-NITROGEN                           SD-SECCHI DISC METERS












              SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESS14ENT REPORT                                                 USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090202 SOUTHEAST FLORIDA COAST
                   ,TRENDS -SOURCES -CLEANUP

                   'X'-DEGRADING TREND                                                     1984 - 1993 TRENDS
                   '0'-STABLE TREND
                                                                        -----------------------------------------------------
                   '+'-IMPROVING TREND                                        1W      TI   T T C SI    P Al  T 71  B Tj    D   DlT   FI T F  I<--- PLEASE READ THESE COLUMNS VERTICALLY
                   '-'=MISSING DATA                   IQUALITY RANK     I MR-IQ or    SI   N P  H DI   HL)   U Sl  0  01   0   01C   Cl B  L I
                                                      -------------     I ALL 11      11        L  I    KI   R SI  D  Cl       SI0   01 M 0  1
                                                                WQI TREND@                      A            B                 A@L   L@ P W
              WATERSHED                               MEETS     OR i                                                           T I   I
              ID     NAME                             I USE ?   TSI     I                                                            I       I DEGRADATION SOURCES, PRESENT CONDITIONS AND CLEANUP EFFORTS
              -----  ------------------------         I-------------                                                                         ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

              ï¿½ WATER BODY TYPE: ESTUARY
              46   INTERCOASTAL                       IYES      GOODI     0   1     0  1   0 0    xI   0     a . I      1  0   010   01 x
              41   S013TH INDIAN   RIVER              IYES      GOOD 1    0   1     0  1   0 x    .1   0.1   + .1     .1   0   01    01 x    1
              52   TIDAL ST.LUCIE                     INO       POORI     +   I     +  I   + 0    01   x.1   0 01     .1   0   .1    .1
              53   SOUTH COASTAL                      IYES      GOODI

              ï¿½WATER BODY TYPE-. STREAM
              I    C-111                              IYES      GOODI     0   1     0  1   + 0         a.1   0 01     .1   0   .1
              2    BISCAYNE BAY                       IYES      GOOD I        1     0  1
              3    FLORIDA CITY                       IYES      GOODI
              4    C-ID2                              IYES      GOOD I
              5    C-1                                IYES      GOODI     0   1     0  1   0 0  0 +1   +01   0 .1     .1   0   01    .1 a
              6    C-100                              IYES      GOODI     0   1     0  1   0 a  a .1   001   0 .1     .1   a   01    .1 0
              7    TAMIAMI EAST                       IYES      GOODI
              8    AREA B                             IYES      GOODI
              9    CONSERVATION    AREA 3B            IPARTIAL  FAIRI     +   I     +  1   0 +    .1   0.1   + .1     .1   0   .1
              10   C-6                                INO       POORI
              11   C-7                                IPARTIAL  FAIRI
              12   c-8                                IYES      GOODI
              13   C-9   WEST                         IYES      GOODI
              14   C-9   EAST                         IYES      GOODI
              is   C-10                               IPARTIAL  FAIRI
              16   CONSERVATION AREA 3A               IYES      GOODI     0   1     0  1   0 +    .1   0.1   0 01     .1   0   .1
              17   C-11 WEST                          IPARTIAL  FAIRI                  I   - .    .1   ..1   . .1     .1   -   .1
              20   NORTH NEW RIVER                    IYES      GOOD I                 I   . . . . I
              21   C-12                               IPARTIAL  FAIRI
              22   L-28 GAP                           IYES      GOOD I
              24   CONSERVATION AREA 2B               IYES      FAIRI         I        I   . . . . I
              25   C-13 EAST                          IYES      GOODI         (        I   . .     I
              26   C-13 WEST                          IYES      GOODI         I        I   . . . . I
              27   POMPANO CANAL                      IPARTIAL  FAIRI         I        I   . . . . I
              28   C-14                               IYES      FAIRI         I        I   . . . . I
              29   L-28 INTERCEPTOR                   IPARTIAL  FAIRI         I        I   . . . . I
              30   CONSERVATION AREA 2A               IPARTIAL  FAIRI         I        I   - .  . .1
              31   HILLSBORO CANAL                    IYES      GOOD(     0         0  1   0 0    .1   x01   0   1      1  0   010   01 0
              32   S-7                                IPARTIAL  FAIRI
              33   S-8                                IPARTIAL  FAIRI
              34   C-15                               IYES      GOODI
              35   CONSERVATION AREA I                INO       POOR 1    0   1     0  1   0 a    .1   0.1   0 01     .1   x   .1    .1
              36   C-139                              IYES      GOOD I    .   I     .  I   . .     I   -  I  .   I      I      -I    -I

              LEGEND:                          DOSAT-DO SATURATION                         TCOLI-TOTAL COLIFORM                TURB-TURBIDITY
                                               FCOLI-FECAL COLIFORM                        TEMP-TEMPERATURE                    TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX FOR LAKES AND ESTUARIES
              ALK-ALYALINITY                   FL4W-FLOW                                   TN-NITROGEN                         WQI-WATER QULAITY INDEX FOR STR&aJ4S AND SPRINGS
              BOD-BIOCHEM. OXYGEN DEMA14D      MEETS USE-MEETS DESIGNATED USE              TOC-T.ORGANIC CARBON
              CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL                 PH-PH                                       TP-PHOSPHORUS
              DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN              SD-SEOCHI DISC METERS                       TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS












           SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT REPORT                                          USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090202 SOUTHEAST FLORIDA COAST
                  TRENDS-SOURCES-CLF-kN'Ll?

                  'K'-DEGRADING TREND                                            1984 - 1993 TRENDS
                  '0'-STABLE TREND                              -----------------------------------------------------
                  '+'-IMPROVING TREND                           I     lw      TI T T  C Sl  P Al  TTI   B TI   DDI  TFl  T  P j<--- ?LEASE READ THESE COLUMNS VERTICALLY
                  *.'-MISSING DATA             lQUALITY RANK    IOVER-IQ or   Sl N P  H DI  HLl   USl   001    001  CCl  2  L I
                                               -------------    I ALL 11      ri      L  I   KI   RSl   DCl    sl   001  m 0  1
                                               1          WQI MEND)           I       A  I     I  B  I     I   Al   LLl  P  W I
           WATERSHED                           I MEETS    OR I        I       I          I     I     I     I   TI   111       1
          ID      NAME                         IUSE ?     TSI   I     I       I          I     I     I     I     I     I      I DEGRADATION SOURCES, PRESENT CONDITIONS AND CLEANUP EFFORTS
                  ------------------------     I-------------   I     I       I          I     I     I     I     I     I      I-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

           37     S-6                          INO        POORI    0  1    0  1  0 0    .1  0.1   0.1    .1    0.1   .1       1
           38     C-16                         IYES       GOODI                          1         .1    .1    1.1   .1       1
           39     S-2                          iNO        MR)                            1         .1    .1    .1    .1       1
           40     S-3                          INO        POORI       I       I  . . . . 1         .1    .1    .1    .1       1
           41     C-51                         IYES       GOODI    0  1    0  1  0 0  0 .1  001   0.1    .1    001   .1       1
           42     S-5A                         INO        POORI       I       I  . . . . I
           43     C-17                         IYES       GOODI       I       I  . . . . I
           44     C-18                         IYES       GOODI    0  1       1  0 0    .1  0.1   0.1   0.1    001   01  0    1
           45     L-8                          INO        POORI    .  I       I  . .     I  ..1   ..1   ..1    ..1   .1       1
           49     JONATHAN DICKINSON           IYES       GOOD)    +  1    0  1  0 +    .1  0.1   +.1   0.1    001   01       1
           50     C-44                         IYES       GOOD I      I       I  . . . . I
           51     BASIN 2                      IPARTIAL   FAIRI       I       I  . . . . I
           54     BASIN 4                      IPARTIAL   FAIRI       I       I  . . . . I
           55     C-24                         INO        POORI       I       I  . . . . I
           56     NORTH ST.LUCIE               IPARTIAL   FAIR;       I       I  . . . . I



























          LEGEND:                         DOSAT-DO SATURATION                    TCOLI-TOTAL COLIFORM            TURB-TURBIDITY
                                          FCOLI-FECAL COLIFORM                   TEMP-TEMPERATURE                TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX FOR LAKES AND ESTUARIES
          ALK-ALKALINITY                  F LOW- F LOW                           TN-NITROGEN                     WQI-WATER QULAITY INDEX FOR STREAMS AND SPRINGS
          BOD-BIOCHEM. OXYGEN DEMAND      MEETS USE-MEETS DESIGNATED USE         TOC-T.ORGANIC CARBON
          CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL                PH-PH                                  TP-PHOSPHORUS
          DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN             SD-SECCHI DISC METERS                  TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS











                                                                                                            NPS QUALITATIVE SURVEY RESULTS
                                                                                                AN "X" INDICATES A PROBLEM WITH POLLUTANT OR SOURCE
                                                                                  THE * ON MAPID INDICATES NO STORET INFORMATION AVAILABLE FOR          THIS WATERSHED
                                                                                                       -SEE PAGE 11 FOR LEGEND FOR THIS TABLE-

          -------------------------------------------------------------------------------           CATNAME-SOUTHEAST FLORIDA COAST HUC=03090202        ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                                                    N   B    S         P  0             S                          0    F             T       F             0
                                                                                    U A E E T A H T T I U I T
                 M                                                                  T C D              S H D 0 L A H H S                                              R       S N N H
                 A               B                           W          W           R   T    I         T  E     E  X    I       M     B       E    E    H   A         B       H   0     0   E
                 P      W        A                           Q          Q           I   E    M         I  R     B  Y-   N       E     I  F    R    R    K   L   W     1  0    D   S     F   R
                        B        S                           3          N           E   R    E    0    C  C     R  G    I       T     T  L    M    P    I   G   E     D  D    E   W     I   S   I   S
                 y      I        1                           0          P           N I N I I H I E T P A A 0 A 0 L A E 1 0 C I S Y N T A R S I U C H 0
                 D      D        N                           5          S           T   A    T    L    D  E     S  N    Y   H   L     T  W    L    L    L   L   D     T  R    L   M     H   M   D   P    G   E    L   D    R   N    M   T

                 13     3284     C-9 WEST                    GOOD       FAIR        x                              x    x                                   x   x                                                     x    x
                 14     3283     C-9 EAST                    GOOD       FAIR        x                              x    x                                   x   x                                                     x    x
                 15     3282     C-10                        FAIR       FAIR        x                              x    x                                   x   x                                                     x    x
                 16     3268     CONSERVATION AREA 3A        GOOD       THREAT      x        x    x    x  x     x  x    x       x     x  x    x         x   x   x     x  x    x   x     x                x                 x
                 17     3279     C-11 WEST                   FAIR       THREAT      x   x    x         x           x    x             x                 x   x   x     x  x                               x            x    x
                 18*    3281     C-11 EAST                              FAIR        x   x    K         x           x    x             x                 X.  x   x     x  x                               x            x    x
                 19*    3280     NORTH NEW RIVER                        FAIR        x        x    x    x        x  x    x                               x   x   x     x       x   x     x                x
                 20     3277     NORTH NEW RIVER             GOOD       FAIR        x   x    x                  x  x    x                                   x   x     x       x   x     x   x            x            x    x   x    x   K.
                 21     3276     C-12                        FAIR       FAIR        x   x    x                  x  x    x                                   x   x     x       x   x     x                x            x    x   x        x
                 23*    3275     L-35A BORROW                           FAIR        x                              x    x                                   x   x                                                     x    x
                 24     3272     CONSERVATION AREA 2B        GOOD       POOR        x                  x           x    x                               x       x             x                          x
                 25     3274     C-13 EAST                   GOOD       FAIR        x   x    x                     x    x                                   x   x     x       x                                       x    x   x        x
                 26     3273     C-13 WEST                   GOOD       FAIR        x                              x    x                                   x   x                                                     x    x
                 27     3271     P014PANO CANAL              FAIR       FAIR        x                              x    x                                   x   x                                                     x    x
                 28     3270     C-14                        GOOD       POOR        x        x         x           x    x                                                                                x            x    x
                 30     3265     CONSERVATION AREA 2A        FAIR       THREAT      x        x    x    X. x     x  x    x       x     x  x    x         x   x   x     x  x    x   x     x                x                 x
                 31     3264     HILLSBORO CANAL             GOOD       THREAT      x   x    x    x    x        x  x    x   x         x  x    x         x   x   x     x  x    x   x     x                x            x    x   x    x
                 46     3226     INTERCOASTAL                GOOD       FAIR        x   x    x    x    x  x     x  x    x             x  x    x         x   x   x     x  x    x   x     x   x            x            x    x   x    x   X.
                 48*    3232     LOXAHATCHEE RIVER                      FAIR        x   x    x    x    x        x                                       x   x   x     x                                  x   x        x    x   x    x   x
                 49     3224     JONATHAN DICKINSON          GOOD       FAIR        x        x    x    x                              x                 x   x   x     x                                  x            x    x   x    x   x



























         Chandler











                                                                 s ui..









                                                                                        NUBBIN SLOUGH




                             ................







                                                         LAKE
                                                         OKEECHOBEE










                    TAYLOR-CREEK BASIN                     WATER QUALITY
                         03090102                          = GOOD
                 AVERAGE WATER QUALITY                           THREATENED
                   1984-1993 STORET DATA                         FAIR
         WATERSHED ID NUMBERS LINK MAP TO TABLES                 POOR
             INDICATES QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT                    UNKNOWN              page 64















                                      TAYLOR CREEK BASIN




                     -------------------------------------------------------------------------


                     BaSig Facts

                      Drainage Area: 282 square miles
                      Major Land Uses: agriculture, rangeland, improved pasture
                      Population Density: low (Okeechobee)
                      Major Pollution Sources: dairy operations and agriculture
                      Best Water Quality Areas: none
                      Worst Water Quality Areas: Lettuce Creek, Taylor Creek, Nubbin Slough,
                        Chandler Hammock Slough, Popash Slough
                      Water Quality Trends: stable quality at 2 sites, Mosquito Creek
                        improving
                      OFW Waterbodies: none
                      SWIM Waterbodies: none
                      Reference Reports:
                        Florida Rivers Assessment, DEP/FREAC/NPS, 1989
                        Florida Nonpoint Source Assessment, DEP (Tallahassee), 1988
                      Basin Water Quality Experts:
                        Greg Graves, DEP (Port St. Lucie), 407/878-3890
                        Tom Fontaine, Ken Todd, Anthony Waterhouse, SFWNID, 407/686-8800
                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------





                     In the New

                      * As part of the Lake Okeechobee SWIM plan, some dairies are being removed
                        from the basin.
                      * Other dairies are implementing Best Management Practices (BMP) to comply
                        with the DEP "Dairy Rule".
                      * A SWIM Plan phosphorus discharge concentration limit of 0. 18 mg/1 established
                        for the basin discharge at the S-191 Structure has not been met.


                     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------


                  Ecological Characterization


                  The Taylor Creek basin forms a portion of the northeast drainage basin of Lake Okeechobee. The basin is
                  relatively small, draining only 282 square miles. Taylor Creek, the largest stream, has an average flow of
                  100 cfs 9 miles above its mouth at Lake Okeechobee, Although sparsely populated, the basin is highly
                  developed with agriculture lands and rangelands. There are also many dairies in the basin, often located
                  directly adjacent to the streams and crecks.
                  Anthropogenic Impacts                                                                            65









                 All of the reaches in this basin have severe pollution problems. There are frequent violations of the DO
                 standard. Fifty percent of the Taylor Creek DO samples and about 80% of the Nubbin Slough DO
                 samples were less than 5.0 mg/l. In addition, the reaches have elevated bacteria and nutrient levels. The
                 majority of the problems are due to dairy farm runoff which contains high concentrations of BOD and
                 nutrients. Many of the creeks in the basin actually run through dairy operations. The State has recently
                 established a "Dairy Rule" regulating feedlot and dairy runoff and establishing time frames for
                 compliance. As part of the South Florida Water Management District's SWIM Plan for Lake Okeechobee,
                 dairies are being bought out on a "price per cow" basis. To date, thousands of cows have been purchased
                 and moved out of the drainage basin.


                 Phosphorus concentrations at off-site discharges of bought-out dairies have become lower. For farms that
                 have installed BMPs, phosphorus concentrations are lower, but not as much as the farms that have
                 discontinued operation. The dairy rule has not been as effective in reducing phosphorus discharges as had
                 been expected. Improved pastures are one of the major problems affecting the basin's water quality


                    In 1992 a $1.3 billion Cypress Energy Project was proposed for building two coal fired power plants at a
                    site located less than 5 miles from the Kissimmee River. The project did not get approved by the PSC and
                    the application was withdrawn. Another project is the Berman Road landfill operated by Chambers Waste
                    Systems. This 35 acre facility may be expanded to a 2000 acre solid waste disposal facility which has the
                    potential to affect surface and groundwater.





























                                                                                                                    66
















                                                                                               USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090102 TAYLOR CREEK
                                                                                                                                                                                 INDEX       GOOD FA.R POOR
          SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA FOR 1970-1993                                                                                                                             ----------- ----- ----- -----
            MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED                                                                                                                                   14OI-RIVER    0-44 45-59-60-90
            CURRENT PERIOD OF RECORD (1989-1993) USED WHERE AVAILABLE                                                                                                          TSI-ESTUARY 0-49 50-59 60-1@@      -----
            PERIOD PRIOR TO 1989 IS EVALUATED AS HISTORICAL INFORMATION                                                                                                        TSI-LAKE      0-59 60-69 '70-ioc

                                                                                                                                                                                 BIOLOGICAL                       _.A_T_R
         WATERSHED                                 WATERSHED DATA RECORD                  WATER           DISSOLVED      OXYGEN          PH          TROPHIC                      SPECIES                         -,;--A.. T Y
         ID     NAME                              ----------------------                  CLARITY           OXYGEN       DEMAND       ALKALINITY       STATUS       COLIFORM     DIVERSITY      COND FLhi         :11,D:Z-ES
         ----- ---------------------------------  MAX    BEG END      DATA ---------------------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ---------- --------------- ----- ----- ---------------
                                                  #OBS   YR  YR      PERIOD        TURB SD COLOR    TSS   DO  DOSAT BOD COD      TOC  PH    ALK   NITRO PROS  CHIA TOTAL FECL NAT ART BECK      CORD FLOW      W: -    Tsl

            WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
            1   Popash Slough                        14  89  89   Current          2.8  0.9    113        3.3    38                   7.2    .    2.34 0.85               13                    785               4:
            2   NUBBIN SLOUGH                       661  89  93   Current          2.3  0.8    169    3   4.4    58                   6.9    46   1.70 0.46         41    33                    $87               4;
            3   L63 CANAL                            58  89  93   Current          2.8  0.8    70     .   4.9    55                   7.1    .    1.60 0.57               10                    472               -
            4   Turkey Slough                         3  78  78   Historical       6.8    .    208   23   O.e    10              26   6.2    26   4.16 0.18               17                    125
            5   Mosquito Creek
                                                      9  89  89   Current          2.0  0.8    65         5.9    62                   7.2         1.42 0.32               660                   832
            7   TAYLOR CR                            68  89  93   Current          4.5  0.7    100        1.6    18                   6.5         1.78 0.42               80                    241               -6
































         LEGEND:                         BOD-BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L     DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN M/L          MAX #OBS-MAXIMUM NUMBER OF SAMPLES SD-SECCHI DISC METERS                TURB-TURBIDITY MG/L
         ALK-ALKALINITY W/L              CELA-CHL4DROPHYLL UG/L                 DOSAT-DO I SATURATION            NAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY       TOC-TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON MG/L    WQI-WATER QUALITY INDEX
         ART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DI     COD-CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND MG/L        END YR-ENDING YEAR               NITRO-TOTAL NITROGEN MG/L             TOTAL-TOTAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML
         BEG YR-BEGINNING SAMPLING YEAR  COLOR-OODDR PCU                        FECL-FECAL COLIFORM MPN/100ML    PH-PH STANDARD UNITS                  TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX
         BECK-BECK'S BIOTIC INDEX        COND-CONDUCTIVITY UMHOS                FLOW-FLOW CFS                    PHOS-TOTAL PHOSPHORUS MG/L            TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS MG/L















         SURFACE WATER QUALITY DATA SCREENING REPORT                             USGS HYDROLOGIC     UNIT: 03090102 TAYLOR CREEK
          MEDIAN VALUES FOR EACH WATERSHED SCREENED

                 Ix'-EXCEEDS SCREENING CRITERIA                                                                                         SCREENING VARIABLES     AND CRITERIA
                 10'-WITHIN SCREENING CRITERIA
                 '.'-MISSING DATA
                                               I RANK DATA RECORDI        TN    ISTREAM   I LAKE     I    PH     I   ALK    I  7URB 4   1 COND      I  OXYGEN   I    DO    1COLIFORM   I BIOL       I CHIA      ISECCHI
                                               I------------------   I          I    TP   I    TP    I           I          I   TSS     I           I  DEMAND   I          I BACTI     I   DIV      I           I  DISC
                                               I WQI      CURRENT I             I         I          I           I          I           I           I           I          I           I            I           I
          WATERSHED                            I OR         OR       I TN>2.0   ITP>.46   I TP>.12   I PH>8.8    IALK<20    ITURB>16.SICOND>12751      BOD>3.3  I  DO<4    ITOT>3700   IDIAILT<1.951  CHLA>40   I  SI)<. 71
         ID      NAME                          I TSI   HISTORICAL    I'         I         I          I PH<5.2    I          I TSS>18    I           I  COD>102  I          IFECAL>4701DINAT<1.5     I           I
         -----   --------------------------------------------                             I          I           I          I           I           I  TOC>27.51           I           I BECK<5.5   I           I

            WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
            I    Popa3h Slough                 IFAIR   Current            x           x   I          1     0     1                0     1                             x    1      0    1                        1     0   1
            2    NUBBIN SL40TJGH               IFAIR   Current       1    0     1     0   1          1     0     1     0    1     0     1                       t     0    1      0    1                        1     0   1
            3    L63 CANAL                     IPOOR   Current       1    0     1     x   I          1     0     1          1     0     1                       1     0    1      0    1                        f     0
            4    Turkey Slough                 IPOOR   Historical    I    x     1     0   1          1     0     1     0    1     x     I           1    0      1     x    1      0    1                        1     .
            5    Mosquito Crook                IFAIR   Current       1    0     1     0   1          1     0     1          1     0     1           1           1     0    1      x    I                        1     0   1
            7    TAYLOR CR                     IPOOR   Current       1    0     1     0   1                0     1          1     0     1                       1     x    1      0    1                        1     0   1




































         LEGENDi                             COND-CONDUCTIVITY                            FECAL-FECAL COLIFORM BACTERIA       TP-PHOSPHORUS                     WQI OR TSI-WATER QUALITY INDEX RATING
         ALK-ALKALINITY                      DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN                          HISTORICAL-1970 TO 1988             TOT-TOTAL COLIFORM BACTERIA             WHICH INDEX USED, WQI OR TSI, IS
         BECK-BECKIS BIOTIC INDEX            CURRENT-1989 TO 1993                         OXYGEN DEMAND-BOD,COD,TOC           TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS              BASED ON WATERBODY TYPE
         BIOL DIV-BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY DIART-ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY               PH-PH                               TURB-TURBIDITY
         CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL                    DINAT-NATURAL SUBSTRATE DIVERSITY            TN-NITROGEN                         SD-SECCHI DISC METERS






                 C,
                 00










             SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT REPORT                                      - USGS HYDROLOGIC UNIT: 03090102 TAYLOR CREEK
                 TRENDS-SOURCES-CLEANUP

                 'x'-DEGRADING TREND                                              1984 - 1993 TRENDS
                 '0'-STABLE TREND                                -----------------------------------------------------
                 '+'=IMPROVING TREND                             I     1W     I[ T I  C S1  P Al     T T1 B T1    DDIT  F1 T F  j<--- PLEASE READ THESE COLUMNS VERTICALLY
                 '.'=MISSING DATA                IQUALITY RANK   IOVER-10 or  S1 N P  H   DI H Ll    US1 0 01     001C  C1 E L  I
                                                 I-------------  I ALL II     Ii      L   I   KI     RS1 D Cl     S1 0  01 M 0  1
                                                          WQI @TREND@                 A              B            A@ L  L@ P W
             WATERSHED                           MEETS    OR                                                      T  I  I
           ID     NAME                           I USE ?  TSI    I     I       I          I     I     I     I     I     I       I DEGRADATION SOURCES, PRESENT CONDITIONS AND CLEANUP EFFORTS
           -----   ------------------------      I-------------                                                                 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

             WATER BODY TYPE: STREAM
             1   Popash Slough                   1PARTIAL FAIRI    .   I    .  I . . . . I
             2   NUBBIN SLOUGH                   IPARTIAL FAIRI    +   I    +  I + +      01+ .1     001   .1     0010  +1 0    1
             3   L63 CANAL                       INO      POORI    0   1    0  1 0 0      .10 .1     .1    .1     001   .1 0    1
             4   Turkey Slough                   INO      POOR]        I       I          I   I      I     I      I     I       I
             5   Mosquito Creek                  1PARTIAL FAIRI    .   I    .  I . . . . I  . .1     .1    .1     -.1   .1 -    I
             7   TAYLOR CR                       INO      POORI    0   1    0  1    0     .10 .1     .1    .1     001   .1 0    1

































         LEGEND:                           DOSAT-DO SATURATION                   TCOLI-TOTAL COLIFORM             TURB-TURBIDITY
                                           FCOLI-FECAL COLIFORM                  TEMP-TEMPERATURE                 TSI-TROPHIC STATE INDEX FOR LAKES AND ESTUARIES
         ALK-ALKALINITY                    FLOW-FLOW                             TN-NITROGEN                      WQI-WATER QULAITY INDEX FOR STREAMS AND SPRINGS
         BOD-BIOCHEM. OXYGEN DEMAND        MEETS USE-MEETS DESIGNATED USE        TOC-T.ORGANIC CARBON
         CHLA-CHLOROPHYLL                  PH-PH                                 TP-PHOSPHORUS
         DO-DISSOLVED OXYGEN               SD-SECCHI DISC METERS                 TSS-TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS











                                                                                                         NPS QUALITATIVE SURVEY RESULTS                                                                                        t-
                                                                                             AN "X" INDICATES A PROBLEM WITH POLLUTANT     OR SOURCE
                                                                                  THE * ON MAPID INDICATES NO STORET INFORMATION AVAILABLE FOR THIS WATERSHED
                                                                                                    -SEE PACE 11 FOR LEGEND FOR THIS TABLE-

          ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------          CATNAME-TAYLIDR CREEK HUC-03090102  -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------

                                                                                  N  B     S        p   0            S                        0     F            T      F            0
                                                                                  U A E E T A H T T I U I T
               M                                                                  T C D             S H D 0 L A                           K H S                  A      S N N H
               A                 B                          W          W          R T I             T E E X I M B                         E E H A                B      H 0 0 E
               P        W        A                          0          0          1  E     M        I   R   B   Y    N       E    I   F   R   R     K  L   W     1  0   D    S    F  R
                        B        S                          3          N          E  R     E  0     C   C   R   G    I       T    T   L   M   P     I  G   E     D  D   B   W     I  S     I   S
               y        I        1                          0          P          N I N I I H I E T P A A 0 A 0 L A E 1 0 C I S Y N T A R S L U C H 0
               D        D        N                          5          S          T  A     T  L     D   E   S  N     Y  H    L    T  W    L   L     L  L   D     T  R   L   M     H  M     D   P  G    E   L   D    R   N   M    T
                  1     3205C    Popash Slough              FAIR       THREAT     x  x     x                                                               x     x                                x            x    x
                  2     3203A    NUBBIN SLOUGH              FAIR       THREAT     x        x                                                               x     x                                             x        x
                  3     3203C    L63 CANAL                  POOR       THREAT     x        x                                                               x     x                         x   x               x        x
                  4     3199A    Turkey Slough              POOR       THREAT     x           x                                                        x   x     x                                x            x        x
                  5     3203B    Mosquito Crook             FAIR       THREAT     x        x                                                               x     x                                             x        x
                  6*    3199B    Chandler Ha=ock Sloug                 THREAT     x           x                                                        x   x     x                                x            x        x
                  7     3205     TAYLOR CR                  POOR       THREAT     x  x     x                                                               x     x                                x            x    x















           BEDMAN CREEK              17
           BEE BRANCH                17
           COCOHATCHEE RIVER CANA    24
           CYPRESS CREEK             17
           DAUGHTREY CREEK           17
           EAST CALOOSAHATCHEE       17
           ESTERO RIVER              24
           FISHEATING CREEK          32
           HARNEY POND CANAL         32
           HICKEY CREEK              17
           IMPERIAL RIVER            24
           INDIAN PRAIRIE  CANAL     32
           JACKS BRANCH              17
           L63 CANAL                 64
           LAKE OKEECHOBEE           43
           LETTUCE CREEK             43
           NAPLES BAY                24
           NUBBIN SLOUGH             64
           OAK CREEK                 24
           POPASH SLOUGH             64
           S-135                     43
           TAYLOR CR                 64
           TOWNSEND CANAL            17
           TROUT CREEK               17




                                                                                                                                                                  I

                                                                                                                       NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CTR LIBRARY
                                                                                                                                                  111             1
                                                                                                                       3 6668 1411166A 2
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  1
                                                                                                                                                                  -1
                                                                                                                                                                  I
                                                                                                                                                                  I