Land use plan 1980 / Final draft / City of Southport, N. C prepared for City of Southport

[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]

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INFORMATION CEN",TER

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City of Southport
North Carolinbl

LAND USE PLAN UPDATE 1980
-woMm" Draft

Brunswick County Planning Department

COASTAL ZONE
MFORMATION CENTER

CITY OF SOUTHPORT

North Carolina
CLAND USE PLAN 1980
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Final Draft
CZIC COLLECmImION

Prepared by
The Brunswick County
Planniw.j 1)epartwc-nt.

June 1980

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introducti on
Acknowledgements
List of Figures
List of Tables

PART 1: COMMUNITY PROFILE
1. Population Report
2. Housing Report
3. Economic Report

PART 2: MAJOR ISSUES, PROBLEMS, AND POLICIES
1. Assessment of Past Land Use Plan
2. Public Participation Process
3. Summary of Major Issues and Problems
4. Goals and Objectives
5. New Policy Statements
6. Implementation Strategies
7. Capital Improvements Program

PART 3: LAND USE SURVEY AND ANALYSIS
1. Existing Land Use
2. Development Trends
3. Existing and Proposed Services and Facilities

PART 4: LAND CLASSIFICATION DEVELOPMENT
1. Constraints on Development
2. Principals and Standards for Future Development
3. Population Projections
4. Holding Capacity
5. Land Classification Plan

INTRODUCTION

The Coastal Area Management Act

"In recent years the coastal area has been subjected to increasing pressures
which are the result of the often conflicting needs of a society expanding in
industrial development, in population, and in the recreational aspirations of its
citizens. Unless these pressures are controlled by coordinated management, the
very features of the coast'which make it economically, esthetically, and ecologi-
cally, rich will be destroyed."

In 1974, the North Carolina General Assembly passed the Coastal Area
Management Act (CAMA) in an effort to effectively manage the development of twenty
coastal counties. The Act notes that, "among North Carolina's most valuable
resources are its coastal lands and waters. The coastal area, and in particular
the estuaries, are among the most biologically productive regions of the state and
of the nation. Coastal and estuarine waters and marshlands provide almost 90 per-
cent of the most productive sport fisheries on the east coast of the " U'nited States.
North Carolina's coastal area has an extremely high recreational and esthetic
value which should be preserved and enhanced."

Adoption of the CAMA empowered local governments in the twenty North Carolina
coastal counties to exercise control over their future. The Act designs a state-
local cooperative program in which local government shall have the initiative
for planning by preparing a blueprint for their future growth and development and
the State government shall establish Areas of Environmental Concern where lands
are environmentally sensitive to the prospect of development. W.ith regard to
planning, State government shall have an advisory role, setting guidelines and
standards, and a reviewer's role, evaluating the local land use plans. In addition,
the State makes grants to finance local planning and work jointly with local govern-
nients to enforce the adopted plans.

The CAMA permit process began March 1, 1978 throughout the entire coastal area
of North Carolina. After this date, any development in an Area of Environmental
Concern requires a permit. The permitting process is divided intO 2 classes; major
permits for large scale developments, and minor permits for houses and other small
structures. The major permitting process is administered by the North Carolina
Department of Natural Resources and Community Development. The minor permitting
process process is administered locally by the Southport Building Inspector.

The entire C41A planning process ha's been oriented towards citizen participa-
tion and has continually provided mechanisms for citizen input into the preparation
of the land use plan. The primary input has taken the form of future growth poli-
ciesand identification of existing problems and issues and desired future services.
Duri.ng the local planning process, efforts must be made to secure this public
participation

The land use plans which are prepared by local govenments in the coastal
area are distributed widely and have many uses. Among the users of the plans are
local governments, regional councils of government, state and federal permitting
agencies and public and private funding and development groups.

Local Government Uses - Counties and municipalities may use the
local land use plans in their day to day business and in plann-
ing for the future. Often times, the land use plan provides guid-
ance in local policy decisions relating to overall community
development. The plans also provide the basis for development
regulations and capital facility planning and budgeting. By deli-
neating how the community wishes to grow, the land use plans help
to assure the best use of tax dollars as public utilities can be
extended to the best areas for growth.

Regional Uses., The regional councils of government or planning and
development commissions use the local land use plans as the basis
for their regional plans and in their function as regional clearing-
house for state and federal funding programs. The local plans can
indicate to these regional decision makers what types of development
the local community feels are important and where the development
should take place.

State and Federal Government Uses - The local land use plans are
used as a major component in the granting or denial of permits for
various developments within the coastal area. The State and federal
agencies must be sure that their decisions consider the policies
which are set out by the local governments in their plans. This is
also true for decisions relating to the use of federal or state funds
within the coastal counties. If a local plan sets out policies
relating to various types and locations of development, the funding
and permit decisions must be consistent with the local policies Pro-
jects being undertaken by State and Federal agencies themselves must
also be consistent with the local plans.

1980 Southport Land Use Plan

The scope of the 1980 Southport Land Use Plan includes a community profile,
land use update, land use survey and analysis, and a land classification map.
Specifically, a summary of data collected and its analysis, maps of existing land
use and desired land use, Areas of Environmental Concern, assessments of past and
current problems, and new policy statements are presented. The 1980 Plan is an
update of the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan. Much of the data presented in this
document is based on previous information. For example, because the 1980 United
States Census has not yet been published, population figures for 1980-on are
projections based on information in the 1976 Land Use Plan. Therefore, some of
the data presented needs to be updated with the publication of the Census , and it
is possible that the data presented is deceptive, but is not totally unrealistic.

In preparation of the Southport Land Use Plan, several techniques were used
to elicit input from the public in the planning process. These include local
meetings@ with citizens and planners, a citizen survey, local weekly newspaper
coverage, and a "dial-a-planner" service. The citizens have also been encouraged
to comment on preliminary land use and land classification proposals. Significant
commenfs have been incorporated in the final land classification map appearing in
thi's plan, The public participation process for the city of Southport is explained
in further detail in the following text.

PART 1: COMMUNITY PROFILE

I
'A

COMMUNITY PROFILE

1. Population Report

Current Population Estimates
Population Change
Household Composition
Population Characteristics
Migration Rates
Seasonal Population

2. Housing Report

Dwelling Units
Substandard Housing
Low Income Housing

3. Economic Report

Industry
Commerce
Finance and Real Estate

1. Population Report

In 1970 Brunswick'County's most populated municipality was Southport.
In 1975, it still claimed the number one position, and currently in 1980,
Southport continues to rank in the top spot. Its population represents
approximately 8.24 percent of the County population. This represents a
decrease of .92 percent since 1970.

Current Population Estimates

The population of Southport, as well as that Of Brunswick County has
experienced a period of extreme growth since 1970. The establishment of
two large industrial plants near the city has been accompanied by a major
influx of workers which has added significantly to the total population.
The 1970 United States Census (the last official enumeration) placed the
total count of persons in Southport at 2220, and that of Brunswick County
at 24,223. These figures represent increases from the 1960 Census of 9.1%
and 19.4% respectively. With due regard to the 1970 statistics, however,
it is a generally recognized fact that a great deal of change has occurred
within the last ten years which would probably render 1970 data particu-
larly deceptive. However, because the 1980 United States Census data is
not yet available, current population estimates must be based on the 1970
figures. The Southport population for 1980 was projected to be approxi-
mately 3136 in the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan, while the Brunswick County
population for 1980 was projected to be 38,100 by the North Carolina Depart-
ment of Administration. These figures represent increases of approximately
41.3 percent and 57.3 percent, respectively, since 1970. The vast majority
of this upsurge is most likely an outgrowth of industrial expansion, particu-
larly the Carolina Power and Light Company Nuclear Power Generating Station
located just outside of town. This industry employed a large quantity of
construction workers during the early part of the seventies, and has contin-
ued to provide jobs for a large number of workers on a permanent basis.

Population Cha

Although County data is helpful in describing the population townsh'
data may create a more accurate description. Southport is locat@d i.n Smllk-
ville Township, which has approximately 18 percent of the,total county popu-
lation. During the 1960-1970 decade, the Township where the CP&L plant'is,
located registered a gain of 29.5 percent (about 1000 persons), Thi iS i,ndi.cated
that some people were taking up residence near the plant, but outsi.de the cilty
limits of Southport. From 1970 to 1980 itis estimated that Smi,thville Town-
ship experienced a gain of 67.4 percent (about 2980 persons), indicating that
the trend has continued.

POPULATION CHANGE 1930-1980

Brunswick SMthville Twp. Southport

1930 15,818 2912 1760
1940 17,125 (+8.3%) 2936 '(+0.8%) 1760 (0.0%)
1950 19,238 (+12.3%) 2873 (-2.2%) 1748 (0.7%)
1960 20,278 (+5.4%) 3355 (+16.8%) 2034 (16.4%)
1970 24,223 (+19.5) 4346 (+29.5%) 2220 (+9.1%)
1980 38,100 (+57. Fl.) 7274 (+67.4%) 3136 (+41.3%)

SOURCE: U.S. Census 1970, for years 1930-1970
N.C. Department of Administration, Brunswick County
1980 projection.
Brunswick County Planning Department, Smithville Twp.
1980 projection.
Southport Land Use Plan, 1976

While the total population of Brunswick County increased by 18,862 from
1950 to 1980, the-non-white population increased by only 4,465. Between 1950
and 1980, the percentage Of non-white population dropped from 36.7% to 30.18%
in 1980.

Of the 4,465 non-white increase, 2,073 were males and 2,392 females.
Percentage wise, the non-white males in relationship to the total males dropped
from 35.7% in 1950 to 29% in 1980, and the non-white females declined from 37.5%
to 31.2%. It would seem that slightly more males than females migrated from the
County but no natural increase statistics by sex is available to confirm this.

Township statistics are available only for 1960 and 1970. Estimates for
1980 were made by the Brunswick County Planning Department 1980

Non-White Population Change by Township 1960 1970

1960 1970
Total Non- % Non- Total Non- % Non- 1960-1970
Pop white white Pop white White Change

Brunswick Co. 20,278 7,175 35.4 24,223 7,443 30.7 268
Smithville Twp. 3,355 1,144 34.1 4,346 1,193 24.4 49

Non-white Population Change by Tovn
Total Non- % Non- 197--1980
Population White White Change
@
Brunswick Co. 38,100 9,335 24.5 1,921
Smithville Twp. 7,274 1,617 23.2 445

Household Composition

Household composition was also estimated for Brunswick County and Sm'ithville
Township. Analysis shows an approximate average household size of 3,47 for the
whole county. The Township white household size is higher than that average for
the county, and the Township non-white household size was smaller than that aver-
age for the county.

Township Household Composition 1980
Brunswick Smithville
County Township

Total Households 10,980 2,096
Household Population 38,100 7,274
Population per Household 3.47 3.47

White Households 8,359 1,596
Household Population 28,765 5,657
Population Per Household 3.44 3.52

Non-white Households 2,621 500
Household Population 9,335 1,617
Population per Household 3.56 3.32

Population Characteristics

The median age of a population, that is, the point at which half of the
people are older and half are younger, gives a description of the age composi-
tion of a given population. The forces which normally act on the median age
are births, deaths, and migration, and the complex interplay of these forces
can drIve the age either up or down. There is presently a nationwide trend
toward lower birth rates, and this has caused the median age to rise slightly,
since young people became a lesser proportion of the total. From 1960 to 1970,
each segment under study (male, female, black, white) grew older. The median
age for all groups in Brunswick County was 26.4 in 1970 as opposed to 23.9 in
1960. Southport in 1970 stood at 32.2 and Smithville Township registered 32.4,
while the North Carolina figure was 26.5. The reason for this difference appears
to be that Southport contains a relatively large population of elderly people
(those over 65) within its boundaries. North Carolina, for example, listed 34.6%
of its people less than age 18 and Southport compared closely with 32.2%. In the
over 65 category, however, Southport contrasted significantly with 12.9% versus
the state average of 8.1% . . . nearly one and one half times as many. The
elderly of Southport represent 12.1% of the Brunswick County population. This
situation could have possibly changed since the last Census, but from these figures,
it would appear that Southport is a favorable environment for the elderly, perhaps
the retiree, and should take this into account when formulating policies and pro-
grams in the future.

POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS: 1970
Total Male Female White Black Under18 Over 65 Med.Age

Brunswick 24,223 50% 50% 69% 30% 37.4% 8.4% 26.4%
Smithville Twp 4,346 49% 51% 72% 26% 32.4% 12.1% 32.4%
Southport 2,220 47% 53% 62%* 35% 32.7% 12.9% 32.4%
North
Carolina 5,082,059 49% 51% 77% 22% 34.6% 8.1% 26.5%

SOURCE: U,S, Census, 1970

Estimates of population distribution by race, sex, and age groups were
also made for Brunswick County and Smithville Township for 1980 by the Brunswick
County Planning Department.i

1980 Population Distribution by
Race, Sex, and Age Group

Brunswick Smithville
County Township

Total
Population 38,100 7,274

Male 18,959 3,548
Female 19,141 3,726

White 28,765 5,657
I Non-white 9,335 1,617

Median Age 28.4 N/A
Number Under 18 13,335 2,357
L_@_Number over 65 4,191 880

Migration Rates

Recent migration rates, population characteristics, and median age figures
are not yet available for Southport or the County. To create a general descrip-
tion of the population, 1970 Census figures are presented below as well as some
analysis from the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan. It is expected that this
general description will change with the analysis of 1980 Census data.

Migration rates which were calculated for Brunswick County from 1960 to 1970
reflect the assumption that more and more of the County's people are staying in
the County rather than moving out. A study done in 1969, for example, compared
specific age groups in 1950 with the same groups a decade later in order to measure
the percentage of persons who had remained within the County during that period (R.g.
ages 25-34 in 1950 compared with ages 35-44 in 1960). In every case Brunswick had
shown a loss of residents, that is, less than 100% remained ten years later. From
1960 to 1970, the situation was altered significantly. Most age groups exhi.bi.ted
net gains (over 100%) during this span, and in each instance, the percentage of
persons continuing to reside in the County was larger than during the previous
enumeration. Although age breakdowns since 1970 have been unavailable, the
reported substantial additions to the total population would lend support to the
notion that currently, an even higher proportion of each age group is being retained..
These statistics tend to indicate that Brunswick County is becoming an increasingly
attractive area in which to live and work.

MIGRATION RATES: BRUNSWICK CO. 1950-60, 1960-70

0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-34 35-44 45-54

Age Groups in 1960 2441 2469 2417 1928 1125 2298 2509 2155
Same Group in 1970 2653 2320 1840 1542 1326 2634 2677 2320
Percent Remaining 109% 94 76 80 118 115 107 .108
Percent Remai,ning
1950-1960 96% 81 54 -61 81 94 92 88

SOURCE: Southport Population & Economy Study 1969 and Calculated from U,S Census 1970

Seasonal Population

The seasonal population in Southport is for below that of the nei.ghboring
beach communities. However, it is i,mportant to consider visiltors. because of thei.r
demand for city services and their effect on the economy, The following tables
of seasonal population and visitation averages and projections were done in
preparation of the Southeastern Brunswick County 201 Facilities Plan, The Pro-
jections indicate that not much increase in the seasonal popula,ti.on is expected to
the year 20-00.

Peak Weakly Population

Southport 1980 1990 2000

Permanent 3,477 4,562 5,665
Seasonal 214 235 259
Total 3,691 4,797 5,924

Visitation for Southport

Average Week Peak Week Peak Day Season-Total

Spring 78 160 274 785
Summer 168 214 1,036
Fall 104 160 1,246
Winter 77

2. Housing Report

Dwelling Units

The current residential dwelling count for the Southport planning area
is-1069. In the following table this figure is broken down for units within
th e city limits and those in the extraterritorial jurisdiction.

Number of Dwelling Units

Type Dwelling Dwelling Units

Within City Limits

Permanent Single Family 850
Permanent Multi-Family 42
Mobile Homes 18
Total 910

Within Extraterritorial Jurisdiction

Permanent S ingle Family 112
Permanent Multi-Family 0
Mobile Homes 47
Total 159

Area Total 1,069

Substandard Housing

The City of Southport contains a high number of substandard houses. Of
the total 910 dwelling units, approximately 15.99% are in substandard condi-
t1on. Although this figure is rather high, this housing is primarily located
in the area of the Northwest quadrant in Southport, bounded by Howe, Burring-
ton, Ninth, and Brown Streets. Here deteriorated and substandard housing is
.overwhelming. of the total 89 dwelling units in this area, 70 units or'78.65
percent are in failing condition. Available vacant standard housing is non-
existent in the area. There are eight vacant units which are all dilapidated
beyond repair. These structures occupy unattended lots, they harbor rodents
and the like, and contribute to the blight and health hazards of the community.

Because many of these units are beyond repair, and in order to prevent
endangering the safety and wellfare of the citizens of Southport, they need to
be demolished. The City of Southport has provided funds to be used for demo-
lition of deteriorated houses and in actively pursuing this program by assess-
ing the home owners. The City has also applied for a Community Development
Block Grant for rehabilitation of 62 units and demolition of 8 vacant units.i.n
the neighborhood described above.

Low Income Housing

The low income residents of Southport are also provided ho us.ing assistance
through the Brunswick County Public Housing DepartmenVs Section 8 existing
housing program. Presently, there are 25 households in Southport receiving
this rent subsidy.

Other current housing characteristics and statistics are not yet avail-
able. When the 1980 Census data is published, a more detailed housing report
can be completed

3. Economic Report

The economy of an area is constantly undergoing long te m change.
These changes affect the population in total numbers, in density and, therefore,
the level of services required, as well as the economic well being of each person.

The destiny of an urban center is controlled by the extent and character of
its productive and income - producing activity and its general vitality. That is,
the urban, economy conditions the amount of land development that occurs.

For these reasons, an investigation of the economy is an important part of
the planning process. If the economic change is to industry, the population will
normally increase with the concentration being near the major industrial area.

However, with todays means of transportation, workers commute greater dis-
tances than in past years. Too, industry normally increases the income of the
area providing a higher standard of living.

The type of economy an area has also affects the tax base. Again, industrial
development normally means costly plants and equipment that make a major contri-
bution to the Ad Valorem Taxes, thus relieving the individual of some of his tax
responsibility.

With so many areas being influenced by the economy the elements of the
economy must be considered as to its foundation, strength, stability and future.
While thit total economy of an area contributes to the total picture, certain
activities are considered to be more important. These are the primary basic
economic activities. The stability and growth of any area depends directly
upon the stability and growth of these economic activities.

The future growth of an area can be somewhat guided through guidance of
economic development. Through planned development, especially of industry,
growth can be guided to areas best suited to sustain such growth.

These factors mentioned serve only as a brief and limited explanation
of the i'@portance of the economy of an area to its past, present and future
and the necessity of considering the economic aspects in the planning process.

An accurate appraisal of the economy in Southport is difficult to gauge at
the time of this report. The 1980 Cens,us data'has not yet been published and
much has happened to influence the economy since 1970. It may be helpful to
consider the Brunswick County Economic Report as a setting for Southport in
creating a Picture of the City's economy, as well as some very general char-
acteristics that can be determined in the City.

Industry

As Brunswick County has shifted from an agricultural/commercial fishing
economic base to a more industrial base, during the past decade the economic
well being of the County's residents has improved. There are many indicators
of this other than the census reports. One such indicator is per capita
personal--income. In 1973 the per capita Personal Income for Brunswick County
was only $2,911. By 1978 it had risen to $5,071. Industrial development in
Brunswick and New Hanover Counties has contributed to this increase in per
capita income.

In 1979, manufacturing was the leading employer and economic contributer
to the County's economy. Commercial fisheries ranked second, and transportation
and tourism ranked about third as employers. Agricultural activity was the
second leading economic contributer, while tourism was the third.

Southport lost its major employer in 1978 when the Brunswick County offices
moved from Moore Street to near Bolivia. The County Board of Education, however,
is still located there, but has future plans of moving to the complex site also.

Manufacturing

For its size, Southport has a good number of manufacturing establishments,
which emfj.@oy County residents as well as Southport residents. Below is a list
of firms located in the Southport area. This list was compiled by the Brunswick
County Resources Development Office.

Employment Year
Firm Range Products Established

Blake Builders Supplies 20-49 Building Supplies, 1950
Supplies.,, Inc. hardware, concrete

Carolina -Power and
Light Company 250-499 Electrical power 1975

Caroons Crab 20-49 fresh and frozen seafood 1965
Company, Inc.

East Coast Ice 20-49 Manufacture ice 1975
and Fisheries

Pfizer, Inc. 100-249 Citric acid 1975

Sea-Way Press 1-4 Commercial printing 1967

Standard Products
of North *rolina, Inc. 20-49 Fish meal, fish oil,
and fish solubles 1922

State Port Pilot 1-4 Weekly newspaper 1928

Woodcraft Cabinet 1-4 Custom- made cabinets, 1974
Shop misc. woodwork

it Is important to note that no new industries or firms have located in the
Southport area since 1975, when Carolina Power and Light and Pfizer companies
located there. Both are major employers in the Southport area as well as the
County.

Fishing

Fsihing is a major industry in the Southport area. Southport is the commercial
.and sport fishing center of the county, with largest amount of registered/licensed
fishing boats. This is significant since Brunswick County is one of the leading
seafood producers in the State.

Southport has a state owned boat harbor which was recently leased to a private
operate! ' It is reported that the harbor is now doing much better and producing more
revenue since the leasing. There is an adjoining harbor, the Old Boat Harbor, which
is run down and dilapidated. It is being considered for rehabiliation and historic
preservation, but could also contribute more to the fishing industry providing better
access an.d facilities. In the present state, it is definitely not producing or pro-
moting as much revenue as it could be if it was in better condition.

Agriculture

Agriculture activity in the Southport area is almost non-existent. In the
1976 Land Use Plan, it was reported that Smithville Township had so little
agricultural activity, that all acres in agricultural use would be included in
the Towncreek Township reports.

Tourism

Although tourism is the third largest contributor to the economy of Brunswick
County, its contribution to Southport's economy is relatively low. Besides tourists
filtering over from Oak Island, or passing through in route to Bald Head Island
or the Southport-Fort Fisher Ferry, most visitors are attracted primarily by
charter and commercial fishing. Although a few Southport businesses may benefit
from chance shopping and patronage at eating establishment, most tourist money
is spent elsewhere.

Southport's geographical location may adversely affect its tourist business.
It is in a rather out-of-the-way spot, and though this may be a charming asset
to many residents, it could cause some prospective visitors to search for a more
accessible place to vacation. This situation is compounded by the rising cost
of gasoline which is already causing a decline in tourism throughout the entire
county.

To combat this, Southport must continue to be more aggressive in attracting
tourism, that being the general attitude of the public. Many Southport residents
and businessmen feel that tourism should be encouraged, but in a positive way.
Since there is an overall desire to maintain the "fishing village" atmosphere,
the City should take advantage of those assets, possibly by rehabilitation of
historic *sites, cleaning up the downtown and waterfront area, and publicizing
these hi@toric assets t6 draw tourists to the City.

Commerce-

The fo urth largest occupation of Brunswick County residents is that of.trade
which includes all persons engaged in the sales of merchandise. Gross retail
sales has risen steadily since 1973 for the County, with the greatest growth
occurring since 1978. The annual increase, from 1978 to 1979 was as large as
the total increase,for the three-year period from 1973 to 1976.

Although recent retail figures for Southport are not available, it is
probable that Southport merchants have not received their proportional share
of the County increases due most probably to their failure to compete with
other districts within the Southport market area.

Central Business District

In the past decade, the economic viability of the downtown and waterfront
areas of Southport has been jeopardized. To arrest any negative trends in the
commercial areas, city officials adopted a Downtown and Waterfront Revitalization
Plan in September 1979. Studies done in preparation of this plan by the Brunswick
County Planning Department indicated an extreme problem of vacant buildings, due
largely to the move of Brunswick County Government offices, and vacant lots, due
to lack of demand for floor space in the Central Business District (CBD).
In addition, a large number of buildings in the area housed professional offices,
primarily attorney. It was also found that large portions of the land in the
CBD and-along the waterfront was owned by a few people, rather than a large
number of individuals. A market analysis for the plan concluded that the CBD
has been negatively affected also by the competition of shopping centers in
the area. Southport has experienced reduced sales margins, vacancies and
lack of capital for improvements. It has obvious from the analysis of goods
and services offered in the CBD that business volume has decreased. (For a more
detailed analysis, see, City of Southport Downtown and Waterfront Revitalization
Plan, 1979.)

The significance of the trends mentioned above is that the Southport central
commercial areas are showing definite sign of decline. Jhe movement of the
County offices to Bolivia has not only caused vacant buildings, it has also
caused a decrease of pedestrian traffic. The professional offi,ces draw some
people into the CBD, but not enough to make a real difference. The nearby
shopping centers draw people away who would have otherwise shopped in the
CBD. It seems obvious that the Southport CBD must become an active competitor,
in the market area in order to draw people back to the central commercial areas.
To do this, changes in its physical appearance are being planned according to
the revitalization plan. This will not be enough, however. Changes must
be made in the ownership patterns and marketing techniques of establishments.
to make revitalization a success. Having a small number of people owning most
of the commercial property stifles competition within the commercial areas.
Competition between business establishments is a very important factor in the
viability of a commercial area. Obsolete marketing techniques should be re-
placed by more contemporary techniques, taking the lead from the successful
shopping center.

Steps to limit commercial development in outlying areas could also be
taken in an effort to encourage new business to locate in the downtown areas.
Currently, the Zoning Ordinance sanctions strip commercial development along
North Howe Street, NC 133 and 211. This is a major threat to economic stability
and revitalization of the CBD.

In the past five years various retail establishments have located in the CBD,
however, most have not survived longer than six months. Offers to buy certain
downtown_properties have been made, but outrageous and prohibitive price tags
have been attached to the deteriorating properties. Toursim, so far, has had
little effect on the economy of Southport. Most tourists are headed for the
surrounding beaches, just driving through, shopping by chance, or patronizing
the eating establishments wi-thin Southport, and spending most of their money
elsewhere.

Other Commercial Areas

Commercial development outside the downtown area along North Howe Street,
NC 133 and 211 may act to mitigate the effect of the declining downtown.
Southport intends to continue to develop these outlying areas. Many of
establishments there benefit from the tourist traffic along these roads.

Four major restaurants and four motels are supported in Southport.
These establsihments do not depend solely on tourist traffic since they
are open year round.

The,.marinas' are also commercial enterprices which do well in Southport,
althouqft, marina - type activities do not employ a large amount of people.

Finance and Real Estate

Activities of financial institutions, banks, and savings and loan associations
ha ve increased significantly in the past decade.in the County.

Southport, at present, contains three banks, the largest of which has two
branches. A savings and loan is also located there.

Real estate activities has also shown significant increases in the County,
and Southport has a good share of real state establishments.

Fiscal Year 1981 Revenue

Each of the foregoing economic activities contributes to the general wealth
and health of the City of Southport. Recently, the fiscal year 1981 operating
budget was approved by Southport officials. An itemized list of revenues and
revenue sources may help to create a more detailed picture of the economic health
of the City. Below is a summary of the expected revenues in the approved budget.
A copy of the FY 81 approved budget revenues and expenditures can be found in
the appendix to this text. Note that the largest sources of revenue are received
in electricity sales and general funds. Of the general fund revenues, property
taxes and sales taxes comprise the major portion. ABC revenues,contribute a
substantial portion also to this general fund.

City of Southport
FY 81 Budget - Revenues

TOTAL REVENUE

General Gov't $515,847
Powell-Bill 40,000
Electr4c 1,270,151
Water & Sewer 190,510
Revenue Sharing - 7,250

Total 2,023,758

GENERAL FUND REVENUE

Tax Current Year 193,804
Tax Prior Year 7,000
Penalities & Interest 2,000
Motor Ven. Lic. 700
Priviledge Lic. 1,400
Dog Tags 200
Beer L.ic. 300
Build-Permits 1,000
Franch.ise Tax 30,000
intangible Tax 3,500
Beer and Wine 10,700
Local Options Sales 25,000
Refund of Tax (sales) 6,500
Refund of Tax (gas) 1,500
Cable TV 5,000
Cemetery Lot Sales 3,000
Traffic Fines 50
ABC Police Fund 1,200
ABC Distribution 13,000
Interest Income 300
Miscellaneous 12,500
Sale of Misc. & Junk 2,500
Boat Slip Rent 4,500
From Powell Bill 31,000
From Electric Bill ..--159,193

Total $ 515,847

Powell Bill Revenue

Est. FY 80 Est. FY 81
State@of North Carolina $43,000 --P-0-1000

Electric Revenue

Sale of Electricity $ 1,268,551
Service Charge 1,600

Total $ 1,270,151

Water and Sewer Revenue

Water.& Sewer Collection $ 180,010
Water & Sewer TAP FEE 8,000
MISC. Ont. Etc.) 1,500

TOTAL $ 190,510

Revenue Sharing Revenue

FY 80 FY 81
Federal Grant $29,000 $ 7,250

PART 2: 'MAJOR ISSUES, PROBLEMS, AND POLICIES

V, -

`Vl @ -

MAJOR ISSUES, PROBLEMS, AND POLICIES

1. Assessment of Past Land Use Plan
City Administration
Natural Resources
Growth and Development
Housing
Transportation
Character Preservation

2. Public Participation Process
Citizen Questionnaire Report

3. Summary of Major Issues and Problems

4. Goals and Objectives

5. New Policy Statements
Resource Protection
Resource Production Management
Economic and Community Development
Continuing Public Participation Process

6. -Implementation Strategies
Zoning
Subdivision Regulation
Flood Plain Protection and Management
Land Classification Plan
Health Department Regulations
Ruilding Code
Capital Improvements Program
CANA Regulations
Principles and Standards for Future Development
Maintaining a Low Tax Rate
Recruiting Industry and/or Business
Other Possible Strategies

7. Capital Improvement Program
Public Improvement Projects for Fiscal 1979-1984.
Fiscal Year 1981 Budget Expenditures

MAJOR ISSUES, PROBLEMS, ANb POLICIES

The identification of major issues and problems in a community
is an important part of the land use planning process. It involves
listing problems/issues; identifying associated conditions, and
specifying likely causes of these conditions. From such analysis,
goals and objectives can be stated which address the specific problems/
issues. And, from stated goals and objectives, land use policies
and plans for achieving the goals and objectives can be established.
Implementation of the policies and plans will depend on the means
which the community possesses. The means include a zoning ordinance,
subdivision regulations, and a capital improvements budget.

In doing an update of a previous land use plan, it is necessary
to assess and analyse past problems/issues, goals, objectives, and
policies. In such analysis, problems/issues which no longer exist
can be identified and eliminated from the updated plan. Achievement
of goals and objectives is noted and the update is modified. Any
items which have not been eliminated or achieved can be assessed for
any progress or reasons why the problems/issues still exist or the
goals have not been achieved. An assessment and analysis of past
problems/issues and the Land Use Plan for Southport is included in
the following text.

Identification of new problerqs/issues which have developed since
the previous plan was written was done with the help of the community's
citizens. The entire CA1.1A planning process have been oriented towards
public participation. The primary citizen input has taken the form
of identification of existing problems and issues and the establish-
ment of future growth policies. The public participation process is
also described in the following text.

An analysis of the relationship between problems/issues and
policies helps to develop new policy statements for the updated land
use plan which apply to current problems. New policy statements have
been established for the City of Southport and are included in the
following text, as well as the existing implementation tools in the
community.

l.' Assessment of Past Land Use Plan

In 1976, the Board of Aldermen of the City Of SOUthDort adopted
a land use plan to quide the growth and development of tke city in
the years to come. A major objective of this update plan is the assess-
i,.lent of that previous plan's effectiveness and implementation.

The following is a list of major issues for which goal and
objective statemen't's were made in the Plan. In the text which follows
each issue is discussed in terms of its existing conditions, changes
since 1976 and future outlook.

1. City Administration
A. Full time management
B. Recreation Director
C. Dog Ordinance

II. Natural Resources
A. CAMA Enforcement
B. A. E. C.'s
C. Flood Insurance

III. Growth and Development
A. Condensed Growth
B. Recreation
C. Services and Facilities
1. Boat Access
2. Dosher Hospital
3. Capital Improvement Plan
4. Programs for the Elderly
5. Fire Protection
D. Industrial Development

IV. Housing
A. Rehabilitation
B. Assisted Housing
C. '@`,.obile Home Zoning

V. Transportation
A. Thoroughfare Plan
B. Residential Development Plans

VI. Character?reservation
A. Appearance Commission
B. Information Center - Museum
r. - Brunswick Count Historic District Commission
U Southport y
D.' Harbor Preservation

CITY ADMINITSTRATION

A. Full Time Management

An objective of the 1976 Land Use Plan was to "employ full-time
qualified personnel in order to improve the city's management
capability". This objective has been fulfilled by the employment
of a city manager since 1976.

B. Recreation..Director

In the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan, one administration objec-
tive was to employ a full-time recreational director. A full-time
director was appointed in 1976. The full-time status of a
recreational director has been of great benefit to @outhport's
recreational program. Since that time there has been significant
progress in Southport's recreational facilities and programs.

C. Dog Ordinances

Southport has experienced over the oast years some problems
with dogs. Untethered dogs are a problem to the City of Southport.
They provide a means for the transmission of rabies and other
canine transferable diseases.

In 1977, in recognition of this problem, the Southport Board
of Aldermen passed a dog ordinance. It requires that all dogs be
licensed and that no dog be permitted to run loose @,iithin the city.

Unfortunately, this ordinance has done little to correct the
situation for two reasons. First, Southport has no programs to
enforce this ordinance. Due to lack of money the city has relied
on the countY dog control program to capture loose animals. The
County program has very little personnel or equipment and cannot
provide adequate service for the entire county. The second reason
for the ordinance's failure is the Southport residents' attitude
towards dog treatment. Apparently most residents feel it is
improper and unkind to tether their dogs.

NATURAL RESOURCES

A. Coastal Area Management Act Enforcement

The CA.MA permit process began March 1, 1978, throughout the
entire coastal area of North Carolina. After this date, any
development in an area of environmental concern requires a permit.
The permitting process is divided into two classes; major permits
for large-scale developments, and minor permits for houses and
other small structures. The major permitting process is adminis-
tered by the North Carolina Department of Natural Resources and
Community Development. The minor permitting process is admins-
tered locally by the Southport Building Inspector.

B. Areas of Environmental Concern

The Coastal Resources Commission established fragile areas
along the North Carolina Coast called Areas of Environmental
Concern. It is in the AEC's that CAMA permits are necessary
in order to construct or build. Areas of Environmental Concern
in Southport include coastal wetlands, estaurine and river
erodible areas, and areas subject to public rights.

C. Federal Flood Insurance Program

Southport adopted a Flood Plain Protection and Management
Ordinance in 1976 as part of the requirements for residents to
qualify for federally subsidized Flood Insurance. Southport is
covered under the regular program as opposed to the emergency
program which has higher policy rates.

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

A. Condensed Growth

Another objective of the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan was to
encourage development within the existing corporate limits and
avoid "urban sprawl".

This objective was addressed by the 1973 Southport Zoning
Ordinance with the establishment and positioning of the RA-20,
R-1, and R-2 zones. RA-20 is defined as a low-density residential
and agricultural district. The R-1 District is defined as single-
family and two-family residential. The R-2 District permits the
development of multi-family dwellings.

It was hoped that a percentage of the new growth would occur
in the developed land class (where water and sewer service is,
and the density is already 4.5 persons per acre). In 1975
undeveloped land within the city limits accounted for 120 acres.
It was suggested that fifty percent of this land should be used
for new growth.

The Southport Zoning Ordinance designated these areas within
the city limits as R-1 and R-2 Districts. Zoning the land within
the city at these higher densities promotes the development of
land within the city limits first.

The RA-20 District, the Transition land class was allocated
to the 109 acres beyond the city limits near areas already devel-
oped, principally along N. Howe Street where a two-inch water
line was placed in the early 70's. The regulation of this district
is intended (1) to insure that residential developments not having
access to public water supplies and dependent upon septic tanks
for sewage disposal will occur at sufficiently low densities to
insure a healthful environment and (2) to protect agricultural and
residential areas from an influx of incompatible uses which would
render such areas undesirable for farms and future development.
The minimum required lot areas for this district are 20,000 sq. ft.
(without public water and sewer) or 15,000 sq. ft. (with either
public water or public sewer).

The Southport Land Use Plan Update is another tool which will
guide the growth patterns of the city. Included in the Update is
a detailed Land Classification System. it will designate industrial,
commercial, residential, and recreational areas in an effort to
guide development patterns.

B. Recreation

Since 1976, Southport has added a Qreat deal to its recreation
facilities. Since that time a little league field, a multi-use
basketball court, a mini-park, and two tennis courts have been
developed.

An objective of the past plan was to acquire property for a
waterfront park. This has been done and a grant for the park's
development has been secured from the North Carolina Department
of Community Development and Natural Resources.

C. Services and Facilities

1. Boat Access

Boat access has been a major issue in the Southport
area for a number of years.

The new harbor facility constructed by the State contains
two boat ramps which have been an issue of concern because of
the fee charged for their use. These are the only boat ramps
presently in Southport. Since the harbor facilities were
built with State tax money, the fee for use of the ramps has
been vigorously protested.

Dosher Hospital

In 1975, many citizens of Southport were concerned about
the possible loss of Dosher Hospital. In was feared that
the development of a County hospital in Supply would force
the closing of Dosher Hospital.

in 1977, County funds were withdrawn from Dosher to
support the new County hos'Dital. Dosher Hospital remained
operating only throuqh a special assessment in Smithville
Township of an extra 4 cents per $100 valuation. This
revenue also allowed the new addition to be constructed.
This new addition will not increase the capacity of Dosher
but merely provide more modern facilities.

Because of the support of the people of Southport and
surrounding Smithville Township, Dosher will remain an
integral part of the Southport economy.

3. Capital Improvements

Another objective of the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan was
to implement the recommendations of Community Facilities Plan,
Public Improvement Program, and Capital Improvement Budget,
Southport, NC 1974.

The following is a list of those Capital Improvements
proposed and those actually implemented during the fiscal
year 1978-79.

Table II

BRUNSWI-CK' COUNTY
NEEDS ASSESSMENT: Age 60 and Over, December 15, 1975

I SEX R AC E AGE GROUPS
N E E D TOTAL
M F White Non-Whi te 60-64 65-69 70-74 75 & Over

1. Information & Referral 45 46 45 53 39 40 43 33 50
2. Transportation & Escort Ser. 52 54 48 56 43 33 52 56 75
3. Counseling 11 13 10 16 13 14 ll 0
4. Legal Services 19 19 18 1 3 21 20 29 22 0
5. In-Home Services 44 31 58 50 39 33 43 33 25

26 15 18
6. Recreation Services 31 20 33 24 11 1 0
17. Continuing Adult Educatio 13 117 1 10 6 16 27 10 22 25
L8. Employment Services 6 10 0 3 7 27 0 0 0
19. Outreach Services 20 13 30 25 18 27 14 0 25
110. Housing Assistance 24 23 25 6 34 20 33 78 25
11. Health Services 27 27 28 38 21 7 19 11 25
12. Nutrition Services is 25 13 -16 18 20 19 22 1 5.0
All numbers are percentages based upon the frequency the need was identified as one of the three greatest
individual needs.

Proposed Implemented.
Fire Department
10 Horse Power Fire Siren 10 Horse Power Fire Siren
1,000 ft. Double-Jacket 2,500 ft. Double-Jacket
2 112" Fire Hose 2 1/2" Fire Hose
Rescue Equipment Rescue Equipment
Utility Truck Utility Truck

Police Department
7 New Automobiles 1 State Automobile
(Normal Replacement) and 1 Other Automobile

City Administration
City Hall Remodeling Some Rernodelina
(moved to New Building)

Water System
Water Line Extension Water Line Extension
to All Areas

4. Programs for the Elderly

The 1976 Southport Land Use Plan addressed the issue of
progranis for the elderly. In the over-65 population category,
Southport averaged 12.9% versus the State average of 8.1%.
The predominant factor for the higher percentage in Southport
is the attractiveness of Southport as a retirement community.
For this reason, it was felt that future policies and programs
should increasingly take the elderly into aCCOUnt.

There is a Senior Citizens Center in Southport which is
located in the old marineology building. It offers a common
meeting place for socializing as well as free meals, movies,
various table games, and table tennis. A bowling team has
also been organized for Southport's senior citizens and is
just now getting started.

A second Senior Citizens Center which is available to
the elderly of Southport is the center recently opened in
Shallotte. It offers free meals as well, a wide variety of
recreational opportunities and transportation services to
the center. It is hoped that the center will eventually
provide information and guidance services as well.

The elderly of Southport represents 12.1% of the Brunswick
County population. Using this percentage, the following is a
list of estimated needs assessment for the elderly of SouthDort
based upon a needs assessment of Brunswick County elderly,
December 1975, The study was done for the State 201 Facilities
Plan,1975.

The elderly of Southport are also included in an in-home
services program, because the County finds an increasing
need for human-related services. These needs are not always
being provided through institutional type care. In an effort
to meet these needs, the County, State, and local service
organizations have in the past iMD]emented in-home services.
An inventory report for fiscal year 1979-80 documented the
need for continuing these services and projected the in-home
services to be provided and the number of pe6ple to be served
during fiscal years '81, '82, and '83. The in-home services
to be provided are included in the following list. The
number of peogle over 60 years of age t-:;io @@!ill be in need
throughout the next three Nears is projected to be 386 in
1981, 403 in 1982, and 420 in 1983).

In-Home Services
Adult day care, transportation
Chore services
Homemaker, adjustment training service
Housing and home improvements
Casework, counseling
Provide basic appliance
Labor or material
Preparation and delivery of rqeals
Home delivery - congregate
Home health - nursing, aide
Physical therapy
Speech therapy
Occupational therapy
Medical
Social '14ork
Nutrition

3. Fire Protection

Another objective of the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan was
to improve fire protection service by acquiring a Class 7
rating, which would require the employment of a full-time
fireman.

To date, Southport has not acquired a Class 7 rating.,
This is mainly because they still have a completely volunteer
fire department. At present Southport has a Class 8 rating.

Interest still continues in the Class 7 rating because of
the improvement in fire protection services necessary to obtain
the rating and because of the reduction in fire insurance rates
it brings.

The rating system is not entirely based on specific re-
quirements, but rather on subjective scales of improvement

within the city's fire protection services. It would seerq
that Southoort would need to outlay significant capital funds
for improvement in their fire protection services according
to local priorities, standards, and requirements for a Class 7
rating.

D. Industrial Development

The jobs and tax base provided by business and industry are
essential for-,the viability of any city. Southport has benefited
in the last several years from the location of Pfizer and CP&L near
the city. Unfortunately neither pay taxes to Southport because
they are outside the city lim'its. Southport lost its major employer
in 1978 when the Brunswick County offices moved from Moore Street
to the Brunswick County Government Center near Bolivia.

Southport could benefit from additional small industrial and
commercial development. The city needs a larger tax base in order
to keep the tax rate low and provide essential services to its
citizens. Jobs are also needed to retain and attract the younger
generations, so that Southport's young do not have to leave South-
port to find work.

One major Possibility for Southport is the development of a
seafood industrial nark. The R'orth Carolina Department of Natural
Resources and Community Developnent has conducted a study to
determine the feasibility of a seafood industrial park in Brunswick
County. Three locations within the County have been evaluated for
this industrial park. The best location was determined to be the
area near the State Boat Harbor. In addition to ample land there
are existing water and sewer services. The study determined that
presently not enough fish are landed within the County to make the
seafood industrial park profitable, but within 5 to 8 years there
could be. Also the studv did not calculate the amount of fish
that miaht be brouqht to the industrial park from outside Brunswick
County. The establishment of a large scale stable purchaser of
seafood within the County would attract more fishermen to the area
and thereby increase the catches.

The County or City could develop and operate the industrial
park and subsidize its operation for the early years. Building
space Would be rented or leased to seafood processing companies.
Once the seafood industrial park had operated for several years it
should become self-sufficient.

The seafood industrial park would benefit the City and County in
several ways. First, it would expand the commercial fishing industry
in Brunswick County with its main base in Southport. Secondly, it
would provide jobs, especially for low-skilled persons which make
up the vase majority of the County's unemployed. The seafood
industrial park would also be a revitalization force in Southport.

The 1975 Southport Land Use Plan suggested that the area just
northeast of the City limits would provide an excellent develop-
ment site for future industrial activity. A portion of this area
has been proposed for the site of the Southeast Regional sewer
plant. The location of wastewater treatment facilities is governed
by many facturs, but those considered most important in the South-
port situation are proximity to wastewater source, size and nature
of pbtential receiving stream, and availability of a suitable site.
Industry and business are likely to be attracted to the area once
sewage treatment capacity is available via a new,wastewater treat-
ment facility.

IV. HOUSING

A. Rehabilitation

Southport contains a high number of substandard houses. Of
the 907 dwelling units in Southport, approximately 145 or 15.99%
are in substandard condition. Many of these units are beyond
repair, and in order to prevent endangering the safety and wel-
fare of the ci'tizens of Southport, need to be demolished. The
city of Southport has provided funds to be used for demolition
of deteriorated houses and is actively pursuing this program by
assessing the home owners. The City is also applying for a Com-
munity Development Block Grant for rehabilitation of 62 units and
demolition of 8 additional units.

B. Assisted Housing

The low income residents of Southport are also provided
housing assistance through the Brunswick County Public Housing
Department's Section 8 exisiting housing program. Presently,
there are 25 households in Southport receivina this rent subsijv.

C. Lot Zoning for Mobile Homes

New mobile homes in Southport are presently allowed only to
be located in Mobile Home Parks in the RA-20 zone. The PA-20
onlv occurs within the extraterritorial jurisdiction outside the
cit@ limits.

There are existing mobile hoi,,ies scattered within the city
limits which are non-conforming uses. According to a 1978 amend-
ment to the zoning ordinance, owners of these mobile homes are
permitted to replace these with new mobile homes so long as they
are no larger in size.

The objective of establishing a zone where mobile homes are
permitted on an individual lot has not been fulfilled. Newly
located mobiles are permitted only in parks of 3 acres or more.
This has the effect of limiting mobile home development and
insuring that when it occurs it is done in a well-planned manner.
Article VII Mobile Home Park Regulations of the Southport Zoning
Ordinance requires that mobile home parks be provided with off
street parking, 200 square feet of recreation space per mobile
home, interior drivers and a buffer zone.

These amenities increase the livability and acceptance of
mobile homes near established neighborhoods. Allowing mobile
homes to be sited on individual lots will eliminate the require-
ments for these amenities.

V. TRANSPORTATION

A. Thoroughfare Plan

A goal of the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan was to promote
accessibility and safety in area transportation. One objective
under this goal was to mutually adopt a detailed thoroughfare
plan with the NC Department of Transportation, Division of High-
ways.

Such a plan was adopted by the County in 1978. Major roads
of Southport and the Southport vicinity were included in the
Thorouohfare Plan. The overall major goal of this plan was to
assure that the road system was adequately developed to serve
future transportation needs. The objectives under this goal
were:

1. Develop short range, high priority rights-of-way
2. Develop priorities for County road improvements
3. Develop priorities for new road construction
4. Develop association between adopted land use plan
. and transit priorities

The improvements presented in the Thoroughfare Plan became a
part of the State's Highway Inprovement Program for Brunswick County,
1978-19V,. Actual construction of these pro 'posals is contingent upon
the availability of funding on the State and Federal levels.

The proposed improvements in the plan in the Southport Planning
area are:

SHORT RANGE--Upgrade North Carolina 211 from Southport to S.R 1500
to desion capacity of 3,000 vehicles per day, widen existing two-lane
road, increase shoulders, and resurface.

LONG RANGE--Construct a major East-West link along Brunswick
County's barrier island beaches. This proposal is parallel to the
State's 1990 functional plan. The East-West link will begin at
North Carolina 133 at Yaupon Beach, upgrade Oak Island Drive to a
major collector to the end of Oak Island, and construct a bridge
linking Long Beach with SR 1119 across Lockwoods Folly Inlet.
From there continue the major collector to NC 130, follow NC 130
to SR 1139, to SR 1137, to SR 1138. At this point, construct a
bridge from the end of SR 1138 to Little Beach across the Shallotte
Inlet. From there continue the major collector on SR 1155 to SR 1156,
to NC 904 in Gause Landing. Then follow NC 904 to SR 1163 and on to
the SC state line. (See maps on following pages.)

GOAL

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GOAL 7

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PROPOSED ROUTE

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B. Residential Developnent Plans

Brunswick County and Southport have two effective tools they
can use to succesfully implement the Thoroughfare Plan.

The first tool is subdivision regulations. The Planning Board
has the opportunity to insure that proposed street plans conform
with the Thoroughfare Plan so that construction of Subdivision
Streets meets.the State's standards.

The second tool is zoning regulations. Zoning regulations, along
with the adopted Land Use Plan can be used to insure appropriate
development along roads and highways. The zoning ordinance can
ii,.iprove highway safety by requiring sufficient setbacks for build-
ings, to provide adequate sight distances, and to provide for off-
street parking.

A. Appearance Commission

Another objective of the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan was to
.establish an Appearance Commission to preserve the community's
aesthetic quality with authority to review architectural plans in
accordance with GS 160A-451.

Since 1976, the Community Appearance Commission was given the
power to review architectural plans. Their review, power is not
legally founded, however, they are recognized comnunitv-wide as
having a great deal of influence. There have been a few instances
of objections voiced by the Appearance Commission. in each instance
the advice of the Commission was followed.

The Commission appears to have been a great influence in main-
taining community aesthetics. It is hoped that they shall continue
to be a great influence in future projects. There are also several
sites within the community that should be rehabilitated or removed.
It would be beneficial if the Appearance Commission would act to
advise on this issue also.

B. -Information Center

Another objective of the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan was to
promote the history and heritage of the community by organizing and
sponsoring an information center.

In Southport there are two centers which have served as Community
Information Centers. One is the Southport Library, the other is the
Southport Chamber of Commerce.

The Southport Library serves as a meeting place for many clubs
and offers a variety of children's programs. In addition, they also
have several display cases for local exhibits and a large section of
North Carolina information.

The Southport Chamber of Commerce offers information on local
businesses, institutions, recreational facilities, and specific
local points of interest.

Both centers have met this objective of the So'uthport 1976 Land
Use Plan. It is.hoped that these centers will continue to expand
their programs to meet Southport's growing needs.

C. Southport-Brunswick County Historic District Commission

One objective of the Southport 1976 Land Use Plan was to cooperate
with the County in the establishment of a Southport-Brunswick County
Historic District Commission,

Such a Commission was established in 1976. The purpose of this
Commission was to designate historic sites and to protect existing
historic sites. Servina on the Commission were three members from
Southport and three fron, the County. Unfortunately, the Commission
only met once and there was very little interest in attandance or
purpose.

Obviously, this objective has not been met satisfactorily. This
objective needs to be reviewed for current validity.

Recently published is a book entitled "The History of Brunswick
County, North Carolina". The book was the project of the Brunswick
County American Revolution Bicentennial Committee, of which Jack'
Fairley of Southport was chairman. Dr. Lawrence Lee, history pro-
fessor at the Citadel, was the author of the book.

There is also a historic inventory of Southport currently underway
for the nomination of a National Register Historic District. The
establishment of Southport as a National Register Historic District
would be an important commercial asset for the city. A list of
locally recognized historic sites is provided in the Plan text under
Fragile Areas.

D. Waterfront Preservation

The waterfront adds much to the character and appeal of Southport.
The townspeople recognized this fact and in the 1976 Land Use Plan
stated as one of their goals the preservation of the existing charac-
ter of a "small fishing village". Besides preserving the waterfront,
clean-up and development is needed to keep the area attractive and
productive. The development of business is the key to preservation
and redevelopment of the waterfront. It will product jobs and
strengthen the economy of the Southport area.

Over the past several years, Southport has begun the tasks
necessary to preserve and redevelop the waterfront. In September,
1979, the Board of Aldermen adopted the Southport Downtown and
Waterfront Revitalization Plan. This plan suggested basic steps
that might improve the visual appearance of the waterfront. 'What is
needed now are means to carry out the improvements, such as public
funding, regulation, and private investment.

The City is also in the process of improving the City pier in
the Old Boat Harbor. This will attract additional seasonal visitors,
thus strengthening the economy. The !,Iaterfront Park is another step
Southport is taking to implement the qoal of Waterfront preservation
and improvement.

2. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCESS

Several techiniques were used to involve residents in the
land use planning process for Southport. Local meetings with
county planners, City officials, and community residents were
held. These meetings fostered public participation in the
identification of-community problems and issues and in the
review of preliminary land use plans and the Policy Statement
for Southport. Efforts to inform residents of local planning
activities were made also in the local weekly newspaper.
All planning decisions, concerns, and meetings were reported
on. Also, as a convenience to the community residents having
questions, concerns, and ideas about land use planning for
Southport, a "dial-a-planner" service was in operation and
publicized from February 1, 1980 to June 15, 1980. The service
allowed those people unable to attend local meetings to talk
directly with a county planner. Finally, a survey was con-
ducted by the Brunswick County Planning Department. The survey,
a questionnaire to be completed by residents, sought opinions
and attitudes that Southport residents hold on issues regarding
local land use and development, service provision, and capital
improvements.

Citizen Questionnaire Report

Initially, the questionnaire was put in the local weekly paper,
The State Port Pilot, with a full-page layout. It was requested
that residents answer the questions and either send the page to the
Brunswick County Planning Department or take it to the Town Hall,
where it would be picked up by the Planning Department. To encourage
greater participation the questionnaires were also put in local grocery
stores and banks and the Town Hall. A special effort to bring to
attention the importance of the survey was made in regular notices in
The-State Port Pilot, and the Southport telephone number of a planner
was PuB-licized in order that people could call in their responses.
Regardless of these efforts, after a two month period, the response
was sparse. Thirty one responses were received by the Planning
Department in total. The following represents analysis of the
opinions and concerns of 31 people who responded. It is signif-
icant to note that about 68 percent of those who responded were
61 years of age or over (21 responses). This is not representative
of the community, since the median age of Southport's population
in 1970 was 32 years of age.

Resident Type

All of the respondents classified themselves as permanent
residents of Southport. There are one to five people per house,
with a figure of two people per house having the highest response
rate (17 responses). The average household size then indicated
by the survey is 2.5, which is somewhat lower than the more
accurate average of 2.9.

The age and sex distribution in the residences of the
respondents is as follows.

Population
(Age in Years) Male Female

0-25 9 7
26-40 6 5
41-60 2 7
61+ 9 12

Work Place

The responses indicated that about 58 percent of the residents
are employed in the immediate area of Southport, while about 32 per-
cent are employed outside the immediate area. The remaining 10 per-
cent are either retired or did not answer the question.

Major Problems Facing Southport

R esidents were asked to list the problems they felt were
facing Southport currently. Their answers varied widely.
Answers with the highest response rate (4 responses each) included
litter, government integrity, and poor public facilities. These
comprise 52 percent of the total 23 answers to the question.
Answers with a lower response rate (2 responses each) included
over taxation, erosion, poor business, and population increase.
Problems of streets, zoning, and utilities costs were also
noted (1 response each).

Characteristics of Southport - Desirable and Undesirable

When asked what characteristics made the City of Southport a
desirable place to live, residents indicated its friendly people,
climate, small quiet nature, and lack of crime. The beach location,
beautiful scenery, and churches were also mentioned frequently.
Other comments included "uncongested, good retirement place, public
services, fishing and boating."

As for undesirable conditions in Southport, a wide range of items
were listed. Poor public facilities, over taxation, and litter seem
to be the most undesirable characteristics. Other items listed in-
cluded the light ship, erosion, vacant lots, and expensive utilities.
Items noted by one respondent each include mistrust of officials,
smell from the fish factory, nbn-aggressive business, lack of night
life for teens, and crime.

Public Facilities and Services

Residents were also asked to respond to several questions
evaluating facilities and services in the community and financing
mechanisms for future facilities and services. Specifically, they
were asked to rate ten service/facility related items on a scale
of one to five. One was the lowest or worst rating while five was
the highest or best. In general, town management,.building inspection,
zoning administration, planning, and streets were all rated low to
moderate. Water service and recreation were rated near moderate.
Only the refuse service, fire and police protection were rated higher.
Below is a tabulated summary of the responses.

Rating
Item 1 2 3 4 5

Town Management 8 6 6 5 1
Water Service - price 3 4 8 5 1
-quality 1 2 0 2 3
Refuse service 3 3 3 6 12
Recreation 6 2 10 6 2
Building Inspection 6 5 11 0 2
Zoning Administration 7 7 9 2 0
Planning 5 10 6 0 1
Fire Protection 1 1 2 6 17
Police Protection 2 4 8 4 8
Streets 5 4 15 3 0

Asked about additional or improved servi-ces they would like
to see, a few residents responded with senior citizen activities,
better roads, improved library, garbage clean up, and bus service.

In a separate question regarding how new public facilities
(to accommodate -future population increases) should be financed,
approximately 20 percent chose assessment of property owners, 37
percent chose taxes, and 53 percent chose user charges/bond financing.

Future Development

Southport residents were asked what types of development should
be discouraged or encouraged in their city. Permanent residential,
single family dwellings came out on top of the types to be encouraged,
followed closely by commercial and tourist-related business development.
Mutli-family dwellings were primarily to be discouraged. Responses as
to encourage or discourage development were less divided for seasonal
residential, duplex, and industrial development. The following is
a list of the different development types with the percentage of
responses for encouragement or discouragement. Any percentages
-not accounted for in the table are due to "no response."

Type Encourage Discourage

Permanent Residential 97% 0%
Seasonal Residential 32 36
Single Family Dwellings 81 0
Duplexes 39 23
Multi-Family 19 45
Commercial 61 13
Industrial 23 32
Touri st-Related
ousi.ness 81 10

Polluted Shellfish Areas

In reference to shellfish areas adjacent to Southport which
were closed to harvesting because of pollution, the residents were
asked what methods, if any, they would support to clean up these
areas and permit harvesting. A total of 37 responses were given.
Of these responses, "construction of sewage treatment facilities"
received 41 percent, "prevention of building near wetlands (within
75 feet)" received 41 percent, and "increase lot size requirements
for building homes" received 18 percent.

Downtown Revitalization

The downtown area of Southport has declined in recent years.
Regarding this decline, the questionnaire asked residents what
means they would support to revitalize the area. Twenty six
percent of the respondents chose restricting commercial develop-
ment outside the downtown area, 26 percent chose creating a special
taxing district downtown to finance improvements, 19 percent chose
recruiting a major employer to locate in the city, and 16 percent
had various other suggestions. About 13 percent chose not to answer
the question.

Fisheries Industry

Residents were asked what means they would support for preserving
and expanding the fisheries industry which has played an important role
throughout the history of Southport. The question received 29 responses.
These responses were distributed as follows: 26 percent for a seafood
processing plant proposed by the State of North Carolina, 66 percent
for waterfront clean up and redevelopment, and eight percent for other
(various) suggestions.

Substandard Housing

Regarding a current problem of 130 substandard houses in
Southport, the questionnaire asked residents what means they would
support to eliminate the problem. Southport citizens agreed for
the most part that enforcement of a strict building code was a
primary solut.ion. There were 28 responses to the question, and
these were distributed as follows: 65 percent support enforcement
of a strict building code, 21 percent support construction of public
housing, and 14 percent had other (various) suggestions.

This issue was discussed with town officials and they felt that the
problem was already being addressed through their building code.

CP&L Canal

Residents were asked what should be done about the negative
appearance of the canal used by the CP&L Nuclear Plant, since the
cooling water canal may be discontinued in favor of cooling towers
in the near future. Answers to the question indicated that residents
would like to see the canals landscaped at road intersections to
make them more attractive. They would also like to see continued
use of the canals as they are rather than the construction of cooling
towers.

Oil Refinery

An oil refinery has been proposed to locate on the Cape Fear
River. It was recognized that there are dangers of oil spills and
severe erosion of the shoreline in Southport; however, the refinery
will help the economy of Brunswick County. Southport Citizens were
asked what they favored in regard to the refinery. Responses were
approximately divided equally on whether or not the refinery should
be allowed to locate in Brunswick County. There was agreement, however,
that any damages as a result of oil spoils and/or erosion should be
paid for by the refinery company.

Annexation

When a-sked about lands presently in the one-mile extraterritorial
jurisdiction of Southport, 71 percent of the respondents favored
annexation of these lands, while 23 percent did not. Six percent
chose not to answer the question.

Abandoned Vehicle Ordinance

When asked whether or not they would favor the adoption of an
ordinance that limits abandoned unregistered vehicles which are
allowed to remain on public streets and in-front years, Southport
residents overwhelmingly favored such an ordinance.

Emergency Preparedness

Citizens who answered this last question felt, for the most
part, that Southport was not well-enough pre-pared for hurricane
and flood evacuation (55 percent). About 26 percent felt the
city was well-enough prepared, and the remainder did not know
or did not respond.

3. SUMMARY OF MAJOR ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

The following list is a summary of current issues and problems
facing Southport as indicated in the Citizen Questionnaire report
and by City officials.

Issues
Downtown and Waterfront Revitalization
CP&L Canal
Proposed Oi.1 Refinery
Muti-family -Residential Development

Problems
SubstaFdard Housing
Sewage Facilities
Litter
Poor Business
Abandoned Unregistered Vehicles
Erosion
Deteriorating Downtown and Waterfront
Commercial Strip Development

Areas Where Improvement is Needed
T-own management
Planning
Zoning Administration
Emergency Preparedness
Senior Citizen Activities
Streets

4. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
Once problems and issues have been identified it is important
to establish what ends are to be sought in dealing with problems and
needs. This leads to the specification of goals and objectives.
Goals are ends toward which actions should be directed; and, objec-
tives are intermediate ends instrumental to achievement of a goal,
they are target statements achievable in the scope of the Land Use
Plan.
The overall appearance of Southport shows signs of change and
will no doubt continue to do so. The amount of change tolerated
depends upon the citizens of the community. From all available
information (surveys,, interviews, public meetings) , people in the
Southport planning area-want a viable community, yet they do not
want to lose the assets which the community presently enjoys.
Thus, it is imperative that the City's elected and appointed
officials and citizens vigorously support the goals and objectives
enumerated herein. Only when these goals and objectives are
adopted and adhered to as the City's policies for land development
and future growth, will the community retain the pleasant charact-
teristics it has today.

In the broadest sense, the goal of Southport planning area is to
improve the social, economic, and physical environment of the community
as economically as possible. Within this broadly stated goal, several
specific goals and objectives relating to the physical development of
the area can be stated.

I. Goal: Provide a management system capable of preserving and managing
the natural resources in the Southport planning area.

Objectives:

Support the findings of fact and recommendations of appointed
boards, commissions and professional staff.
Continue to prohibit development in any Area of EnvironmenItal
Concern which would have a detrimental affect on public trus-t waters
to the extent that such waters would be closed to shellfish
harvesting under standards set by the Commission for Health
Services pursuant to G.S. 130-169. 01 or violate any rules,
regulations, or laws of the State of North Carolina or the
City of Southport and its extraterritorial jurisdiction in
which development takes place.

II. Goal: Provide safe, decent, and a variety of housing for all
citizens.

Objectives:

� Aid property owners in the demolition of dwelling units unfit
for human habitation.
� Seek, encourage and support the development of publicly assisted
housing projects available from Federal agencies such as the
Farmer's Home Administration 502 Program and Community Development
Act 1974.
� Promote rehabilitation of substandard houses with grants received
through the Community Development Act 1974.

III. Goal: Promote accessibility and safety in area transportation.

Objectives:
* Emphasize safety and a continuous street improvement and
construction program.
* Review new residential development plans and insure that
they comply with Subdivision Regulations.
IV. Goal: Preserve the existing character of a "small fishing village."

Objectives:
* Promote the re-enactment of The Southport - Brunswick County Historic
District Commission.
. Develop and promote a Harbor Preservation Program utilizing recom-
mendations from The Southport Revitalization Plan, 1979.
. Develop strategy for obtaining public funding and private investment,
and develop regulations for the implementation of aWaterfront
Preservation Program.
0Promote the redevelopment of the downtown area throu gh.the recom-
mendations in the Southport Downtown and Waterfront Revitalization
Plan.

V. Goal:

Develop adequate and efficient public utilities, community
facilities, services, and programs

Objectives:
.Encourage development within the existing corporate limits and
avoid "urban sprawl" and commercial strip development.
.Provide service and facilities to all areas within the corporate
limits before annexing new areas.
.Implement the recommendations of the Public Improvements Program
1979-1984.
.Improve fire protection service by acquiring a class 7 rating.
.Continue to promote and expand programs, facilities, and services
for the elderly.
.Expand the Cityls wastewater treatment facilities to meet future
projected demands.
.Extend the City's water and sewer lines within the city limits
to meet future projected needs. '
.Develop a program for the enforcement of Southport's Dog Ordinance.
.Improve collection and storage of municipal records and information
to improve efficiency in providing and planning for facilities,
services, and programs.
.Adoption of an ordinance that limits abandoned unregistered
vehicles which are allowed to remain on public streets and
in front yards.
.Strictly enforce City litter regulations to combat the increasing
litter problems.

5. POLICY STATEMENTS

The Southport Board of Aldermen have adopted the following
policies for dealing with land use planning issues which will
affect the community within the next ten years. These policies
establish a systematic basis by which proposed developments are
to be judged. If a proposed project or development would violate
the intent of these policies, action to prevent it's construction
would be taken by local, state and federal government agencies.

These policies are to be used by local officials in their
decision making process to increase the consistency and quality
of their decisions.

Southport policy statements

I Resource Protection
1. Southport will support and enforce through its CAMA
Minor Permitting capacity the State policies and permitted
uses in the Areas of Environmental Concern. The State policy
statements for AECs offer protection for Southport fragile
and significant environmental resources through the CAMA
permitting procedures. In addition to those policies set
forth in Subchapter 7H of the State CAMA regulations,
Southport adopts the following policies concerning (AECs):

A. Coastal Wetlands. Activities in, coastal
be restricted to those
which do not sionificantly effect the unique
and delicate baiance of this reso"urce.
Construction in the coastal wetland will be
permitted only as is n-cessary to provide
access, easements for those types of develop-
ment activities that are water dependent.
Such uses as docking facilities, fisiiijig
piers and utility easements will be per-
mitted so leng as they fulfill the require-
ments of other applicable laws. Substantial
@?ffort must be provided by the developer to
disturb as little coastal wetland areas as
possible in the design construction and
operation of any facility placed in a
coastal wetland AEC.

B. Estuarine Waters. Southport, in recognition
of the importance of estuarine water for the
fisheries industries, shall promote the con-
servation and quality of this resource.
Suitable uses of this land/water area are
those which do not permanently or significantly
effect the functi-on, cleanliness, salinity, and
circulation of estuarine waters. Permitted use
in estuarine waters shall include access and
navigation channels. Southport will also
support-projects in estuarine water areas
which aim to increase the productivity of
these waters. Such projects include oyster
reseeding programs, and inlet channeling and
dredging operations for the purpose of increasiny
the flushing action of tidal movement.

C. Public Trust areas. Southport supports
e N.C. State policies concerning public
trust areas as it is set forth in Sub-
chapter 7H .0207.

D. Estuarine Shoreline. (75 ft. landward of
Estuarine Waters). Southport realizes the
dynamic nature of estuarine system and con-
tinual interaction of estuarine waters and
estuarine shoreline. The natural process
of erosion transforms shoreline areas into
public trust areas. It shall be the policy
of Southport to allow this natural process
to occur if life or structures are not in
jeopardy. On-shore development also has a
profound effect on adjacent estuarine waters.
Effluent from poorly placed or poorly func-
tioning septic systems can pollute shellfish
areas which represent much greater economic
benefits to the County's citizens than do the
residential use of estuarine shoreline areas.
In recognition of this fact, Southport dis-
courages the use of estuarine shoreline
areas for residential purposes where there
is a substantial chance of pollution occuring.
E. Ocean Hazard Areas. Southport supports the
state policies for ocean hazard areas as
outlined in Subchapter 7H .0304. However,
Southport has no dune or beach area under
its jurisdiction.

2. Physical Constraints to Development. Southport adopts
the following policies relative to physical constraints
to development

A. Growth and development will be discouraged in areas
where septic tanks will not function and sewer
services are not available.

Most areas within the city limits of Southport
have sewage services. Further development
is encouraged where these services are already
provided.

B. Growth and development will be discouraged
in areas where soils will not support
buildinqs.

Where suitable alternative locations exist for a
particular development project, Southport will discourage
its location in an area where soils will not adequately
support buildings. If no alternative sites exists, the
project may be constructed if corrective measures to
stabilizing the building foundation are incorporated
into the project design.

II. Resource Production Management

Southports natural resources play a vital -role in fts
economy. 5outhport's extraterritorial land is heavily
utilized for forestry. Its waters are important not only
for the fisheries industry, but for recreation as well.
Protection of these resources is a prime concern of
Brunswick County. To deal with issues that involve
resource production and management, Southport adopts
the following policies:

A. Productive Forest Lands
Growth and development will be discour-
aged in productive forest lands when such
growth is not in accordance with the Com-
pact and Corridor Growth Policies.

Land which is presently in productive
forestry use will be encouraged to con-
tinue in that use. Development other
than low density residential will be
encouraged to locate in non-resource
productive areas. Only if no other
suitable location exists for a partic-
ular development project either because
of locatioral, resource, or transportation
needs should it he placed on productive
agricultural or forest lands.
Development projects which require state
or federal permits, licensus or funds
must meet this policy criteria.

B. Commercial and Recreational Fisheries
Southport will encourage preservation
and expansion of its fisheries industry,
both sports and commercial. Protection
of coastal and estuarine waters is a
prime prerequisite of this policy objec-
tive. Habitats for shellfish and finfish
in all portions of their life cycle must
be preserved in order to maintain fishing
as a viable economic and recreational
activity.

Therefore, any development which will
profoundly adversely affect coastal and
estuarine water will be discouraged.
Only those developments which are water
dependent, such as docking facilities,
treatment plants, and marinas shall be
allowed to be placed near and to effect
coastal and estuarine water habitats.
In the design, construction and operation
of water dependent developments, every
effort must be made to mitigate negative
effec-ts on water quality and fish habitat.
These efforts will be at the owners or
operators own expense.

In order to expand Southport's sport and
commercial fisheries industry, Southport
will support private and public projects
which will positively affect those industries.
Southport supports channel and inlet dredging
and stabilization projects which will increase
the water access for fishing boats.

It-is recognized that in dredging and stabi-
lization operations, some fish habitat damage
may occur. Only those projects which have a
reasonable likelihood.of providing greater
benefit than damage to the fisheries industry
will be supported. All dredging and stabiliz-
ation operations must be performed so as to
minimize any unavoidable damage to fish habitat.

Southport supports projects which increase
the productivity of coastal and estuarine
waters. Projects such as oyster reseeding
programs and artifical reef construction
have proved successful in the past and,
therefore, will be supported in the future.

Southport recognizes the importance of
boat building, ship maintainance and
repair, docking and harbor facilities,
and seafood processing industries as
supportive and necessary for the fish-
eries industry. These industries will
be supported and allowed to locate on
and near coastal and estuarine waters
if they do not prove to injure fish
habitat more than they Support and
provide services for the fisheries
industry. All developments which
require State or Federal permits,
license or funds must meet this
policy criteria.

Southport, in recognition that the
fisheries industry has played an
important role in the City of Southport
since its beginning, supports waterfront
redevelopment to preserve and expand this
industry.

C. E isting and Potential Mineral Production Areas
Southport contains v@`rylittle known mineral
deposits, none of which are being mined or
have the likelihood of being mined in the
next ten years. Therefore, no policy state-
ment concerning this issue will be made.

Economic and Community Development

T
.. The citizens of Southport believe that there is a
place for selected types of development in Southport
provided that proper and adequate measures are incor-
porated into the desi.gn, construction and operation of
the development to eliminate substantial negative
_;mpacts of the development on neighboring uses of
iand and the environment. Existing development and
industry must be conserved and protected.
Selected types of development as rated above will
be encouraged and provided with the necessary public
services. In order to bring about this policy objec-
tive, Southport adopts the following policies'in
regard to economic and community development.

A. Industry

1. Southport will continue to encourage
desirable industrial development and
maintain a favorable climate for exist-
ing and new industry. Suitable industries
are defined as those which do not have
the potential of destroying the small
village atmosphere of Southport.

2. Southport encourages measures to be
taken to stop air pollution from
existing industries.

to redluce
il@@alth hazards ir,*Ju@try 11-1hrough
r(..@quired improvements and emiergency
P ans

4. Southport All discourage the location
of any industry within their planning
jurisdiction which may pose substantial
environmental or health hazards.

If an industry which is potentially environmentally
or, health hazardous can prove corrective measures
have been incorporated into the design, construction,
and operation of the facility to eliminate the sub-
stantial hazards, then it may be permitted to locate
within Southport. The specific site of the'proposed
facility must be one which will not cause undue inter-
ference with or reduce the quality of existing neighbor-
ing land uses. In assessing whether or not an industry
should be permitted to locate within Southport, con-
sideration will be given to the economic impacts of
the proposed facility. Should a proposed industry
prove to damage the viability of an existing
more than it would increase the economic base of
SOUtinport, it will not be permitted to locate within
Soathport.

B. Southport, recognizing that their downtown area
has declined in recent years, would support any of the
following efforts to revitalize the area:,

1. Commercial development in Southport will be
encouraged to locate downtown and existing
commercial zoned areas. This could be done
through a revised zoning ordinance.

2. Help recruit a major employer such as a seafood
processing plant to locate in the city here or
around the new boat harbor.

C. Airports

No land within Southport is used or will be
used as an airport. However, Southport is
near the County Airport Approach Zones.
Airport approach zones should be kept well
away from residential development and "runner"
areas because of:

A. Noise
B. Crash hazards
C. Likelihood of industrial growth hear the airport.

Heliports are excluded froin the above since all
three are likely to exert a detrimental effect
on residences, the Federal Housing Administration
will not insure home mortgages within defined
areas around airports where these factors are
present.

D. Southport supports the continuation of the
cooling canal use by CP&A Nuclear Plant
and discourages the construction of cooling
towers.

E. Provision of Services to Development

1. Southport presently provides sources of water
for most of its residential, commercial and in-
dustrial users.

Water is necessary for all forms of development.
It is Southport's responsibility to secure the
sources of water for the public water supply.
The cost of securing this supply, whether it
be ground or surface water will be borne by
the users.

Southport uses some county water, so therefore,
Southport supports the development of the County's
Phase II Water System.

2. Southport will promote public water systems
where needed. Public water systems provide
safer water and in some circumstances more
cost efficient water than do individual wells.
Public water systems are not feasible for very
low density areas. Where the population den-
sity has reached the point where the instal-
lation of water lines is not an unreasonable
cost in relation to number of people served,
public water systems will be encouraged where
health problems or salt water intrusion is
occuring in private wells.

Southport commits itself to providing major
trunk lines throughout Southport where public
water is feasible and needed. Individual con-
nections will be done at the user or property
owners expense. Developers of new subdivisions
will be encouraged to install water lines if
the subdivision is located near existing or
future main trunk lines.

3. Southport supports cleansing of polluted
waters through the expansion of sewage treat-
ment facilities.

Poorly functioning septic tanks threaten to
pollute estuarine and coastal waters. This
in turn renders shellfish areas unfit for
harvest. To avoid future pollution problems,
'Southport will work to expand sewage treat-
ment facilities as they are currently near-
ing peak flow capacity.

Southport intends to finance these facilities
through grants, taxation, And bond. referendums.
Any future development that w-!'1i substantially
harm or pollute estuarine or coastal waters
using septic systems will not be Permitted.
Lf: the developer will provide a sewage coliection
and treatment system the developmen-1, :.-,ay be per-
mi tted.

4. Southport will provide solid waste disposal
for its citizens by the County landfill
system.
Southport recognizes its role as the provider
of solid waste disposal service for Southport's
residences and businesses. In order to carry
Out this role, adequate means of final disposition
must always be available. This may take the form
.of land application, incineration, resource recovery,
or, landfills. Since Southport is presently using
a County landfill as its means of solid waste
disposal and will do so in the foreseeable future,
adequate landfill sites need to be retained for
Southport by the County at all times.

Southport supports the participation of the
County in regional landfill projects so long
as the County always retains, inaintail-Is, and
guarantees suitable landfill sites for Southport.

G. G.rowth Patterns

1. Southport will follow a "Compact
Growth Policy." This policy will allow
existing areas under development to devel@:)p
fully before expansion into new areas.
New development will occur as an expansion
of existing fully developed areas.

2. Southport will also follow, wher,@, ap-
plicable, a policy of "Compact GroWl-h within
existing service corriduirs." This policy
t@iill allow existing area5 under development
and arc-as in existing service corridors to
fully develop before expanding into new areas
and new development will occur as an expails';on
fro,fi these fully dev@!Ioppd arc-as.

3. Urban grovith ind developmeot be
programmed to occur wherc adequate services
are available or planred.

-hDort's policy will be to dscourage
4. Sout
a large amount of growth and development or
large increase in population.

5. Spatial separation of conflicting land
uses will be encouraged.

6. Southport will work to provide low income
persons with safe, decent and sanitary housing
b
y taking advantage of all federal subsidy pro-
grams and County instigated programs.

7. Southport will encourage a variety of housin g
types including single family, duplex, and low
profile apartments. Apartments will be restricted
to appropriate zoning districts. Apartments will
be permitted only where the full range of urban
services are provided or will be made available.

8. Southport will work to provide neighborhood
recreation areas.

9. Southport acknowledges that there are approx-
imately 130 substandard houses in Southport.
The City will continue strict enforcement of the
existing building code.

IV. Continuing Public_Participation

A. Southport WIll encourage ITs citizens to become
involved in the land use planning process.

Southport realizes an important part of any
planning program is citizen involvement. In
order to provide for this public participation,
Southport adopts the following public involvement
policy.

(1) All land use plan and updates will be done
with public participation.

Citizen participation in the land use planning
process will be accomplished by utilizing the
following plan:

Time Use of One Year Planning Period

1/3 1. Education
A. NewspAper
1 . News releases
2. LetterS tO, editors
B. PAMPHLETS
C PUBLIC MEETINGS

1/3 11. INPUT

A. Public meetings
B. Surveys
1. MaiL
2. Door to door,
3. Telephone
C. Review and COMMENTS
1. Newspaper spread of plan
summary.
2. Public review meeting

1/3 111. Support

A. Use of education and input
properly
B. Public hearing (foRMAL)

6. IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES

In order to carry out the policies and goals which have been@
adopted by the City of Southport, implementation strategies are needed.
Strategies are specific tools such as systems of taxation, public
expenditures, regulations and ordinances. These tools can be used to
promote the policies of the City as well as bring it closer to its
desired end state.

These strategies must be realistic in terms of the context in
which they operate..-To be appropriate, they must be politically viable
and enforceable.

In Southport there are two local units of government which provide
services to the City and have authority to levy taxes. These two units
are: the City of Southport and the County of Brunswick. Historically,
counties have been responsible for software services (i. e., health,
education and welfare) while municipalities were responsible for
hardware services (i. e., water, sewer, streets and sanitation).
However,with a changing demographic picture, both cities and counties
have initiated services of both types. Coordination of services
between Southport and Brunswick County are very few. However,
agreements in several areas should be explored. Possible areas for
joint services include recreation, waste water treatment, historic
district commission, water service, and housing rehabilitation.
The degree to which any of these service agreements can be achieved
will be determined by the cost involved. The cost in turn can be
held to a minimum by land use control. Only Southport has authority
to regulate the use of land outside AECs and within its jurisdiction.

Southport has several implementation tools, which include a Zoning
Ordinance, Subdivision Regulations, County Health Department Regulations,
Building Codes, Land Classification Plan, and Capital Improvements
Program. Other tools such as grant offerings and business recruiting
could be employed also. The following is a list of existing and
possible strategies for Southport. There is a brief description of
each strategy and an explanation of how the strategy will operate to
implement policies and goals.

I. ZONING
. Zoning is the enactment of a law by public authority that controls
and regulates private property. Zoning consists of dividing the
community into districts or zones and regulating within such districts
the use of land and the use, height and area of buildings for the pur-
pose of conserving and promoting the health, safety, morals, convenience,
and general welfare of the people of the community. A county or town
can be divided into any number of districts. Each district will have
its own permitted uses, yard size, lot size and height requirements.
All pieces of property within one district must be treated and regulated
equally.

A zoning ordinance consists of two things: (1) The Text which
contains definitions, descriptions of the districts in terms of permit-
ted uses, lot size, yard requirements, etc. A'lso the text contains
information about procedures to get a building permit, a variance or
special exception to amend the zoning ordinance. (2) The Zoning Map
which shows how the community is divided into districts.

Special Use or Special Exception

Within one district, certain uses may be permitted with special
requirements attach'ed. For example, within a residential zone, houses
are permitted and must only meet the standard requirements of that
residential zone. They must have a minimum lot size, yard dimensions
and building requirements. A convenience store may be permitted in that
residential district only if certain other requirements are met
-as well. This special use might require that the convenience store
provide landscape buffer strips, a parking lot, a larger lot, etc.

Using the special use approach, certain possibly conflicting uses
may be permitted within districts so that their negative impacts are
reduced.

Variance

A variance is a permit which allows a property owner to use
property in a way that the zoning ordinance restricts. A variance
is a provision to insure that persons are not seriously injured:by
the use of the Zoning Ordinance. It is a recognition that no law is
perfect and thereby provides a means to reduce ir@ustice. The Board
of adjustment can grant a variance if three findings can be made:

1. There is a practical difficulty in complying with the
ordinance or that strict adherence to the ordinance would
cause undue hardship. Five things must be proved by the
applicant to show practical difficulty.

A. If the property owner does comply with the ordinance,
he can make no reasonable return on his property.

B. The hardship results from the ordinance-itself.

C. The hardship must be suffered by the lot and not the
owner.

D. The hardship cannot result from the property owners
own action. For example if he had subdivided his lots
to small to comply with the Zoning Ordinance.

E. The hardship must be perculiar to the individual property.

2. The variance must be in harmony with the general intent of
the Ordinance. If the vari *ance would cause a significant
change in the character of neighborhood, the variance
should by denied.

3. The public safety and welfare must be assured. If the
granting of the variance would cause a dangerous situation,
such as high traffic volume on a neighborhood street, the
variance should be denied.

Enforcement of the Zoning Ordinance

The enforcement of the Zoning Ordinance is the responsibility
of the zoning administrator or building inspector. His duties are to
issue building permits and inspect property for violations.

When a person applies to the building inspector for a permit, the
inspector determines if the porposed use and site layout is in
-compliance with the Zoning Ordinance. If it is not, the permit is
denied. The inspector also checks his jurisdiction for violations.
If he finds a building is being erected without a permit, a stop-work
order will be issued. A fine may then be imposed.

Importance of the Zoning Ordinance

The importance of a zoning ordinance for the City of Southport is
evident. As the population of the Southport area increases, conflicts
in land use begin to emerge. Factories may locate too close to
neighborhoods. Mobile homes may invade a previously all single family-
home neighborhood. A strip of commercial development along a major
highway may cause traffic congestion and accidents. A zoning ordinance
can prevent these events. It can alleviate sprawl problems by zoning
areas within and immediately adjacent to developed areas at a higher
density than outlying areas. The greater use to which land can be put
will encourage development there. Zoning can be used to protect .
natural and recreational resources. The coastal and estuarine waters
,are a major source of recreational activity. Dense development near
these areas can pollute the waters from runoff. Near these areas,
zoning can prohibit high densities and industrial development which
may harm the fragile environment.

II. SUBDIVISION REGULATIONS

Subdivision regulation fosters planned and orderly development
of the land in the Southport planning area. It determines efficient
methods for the integration of proposed subdivision streets with
existing and planned streets. Provisions for the dedication of street
right-of-way and utility easements and for the planned arrangement
of streets and structures that will enable the City to avoid overcrowding
and congestion are included in the regulation. Such an ordinance has
the general purpose of regulating land within the city limits and the
extraterritorial jurisdiction in order to preserve the public health,
safety, and welfare.

Variance

A variance to the ordinance may be granted if strict adherence
to the regulations would cause unnecessary hardships or where
topographical or other conditions peculiar to the site and a departure
from these regulations will not destroy their intent.

Enforcement of Subdivision Regulations

The enforcement of the Regulations is the responsibility of all
permit-issuing administrative agents or departments of the City of
Southport. Their duty, aside from issuing development permits, is to
determine if the proposed subdivision plan is in compliance with the
Subdivision Regulations Ordinance. If it is not, the permit is denied.

Enforcement is also a responsibility of the Brunswick County
Register of Deeds who shall not file or record a plat of subdivision
located within the territorial jurisdiction of the Cith of Southport
without approval of the legislative body as required in the Ordinance.
That body is to determine if the proposed subdivision plan is in com-
pliance with the Regulations.

Importance of Subdivision Regulations

The regulations establi-sh general requirements and design standards
for development regarding suitability of the land, different types of
developments , public facility/service areas, existing and planned
streets-'and community.amenities. Standards for street design, lot
size, buffer strips, and easements are also established.

The regulations are designed to insure an adequately planned
street system and to avoid sharp curves, hazardous intersections; to
avoid overcrowding of the land ahd extreme concentrations of the
population; to secure safety from fire, panic, and other dangers; to
provide for adequate.water and sewage systems, schools, recreational
facilities, to facilitate an orderly system for the use of land; to
insure the proper legal description and monumenting of subdivided land;
and to provide for the resubdivision of large land parcels.

III. FLOOD PLAIN PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT

Southport adopted a Flood Plain Protection and Management
,Ordinance in 1976 as part of the requirements for residents to
qualify for federally subsidized flood insurance. Land uses in flood
plains must comply with development standards of the Federal Insurance
Administration.

Enforcement

The building inspector has the responsibility for enforcing the
Ordinance.

IV. LAND CLASSIFICATION PLAN

The general land classification system was developed by the State
of North Carolina to help counties and municipalities in the implemen-
tation oftheir goals, objectives,and policies. The use of the land
classification system and map is strategy which will promote the orderly
use of land within the city. By delineating land classes on a map,
the local government can specify those areas where certain policies will
apply. Identification will be made of the future use of all land in
the Southport area. The designation of land classes allows the local
government to identify the use and density of each area, and hereby
plan for public services to service those areas. The land classification
system and map will be used as a base to formulate more formal and
regulatory tools such as zoning.

The State and the Federal Government utilize the local land
classification syatem and map to determine whether projects and
development which requires government license, permits or funds will
be permitted to locate in the Southport area. If the proposed
project is inconsistent with the land classification at its proposed
.location, the permit, license or funds will be denied.

One of the objectives the State of North Carolina has set for
local government in the land use plan update process is the further
examination and refinement of the land classification system. In
keeping with-that objective, a land classification plan has been developed
for Southport.

V. HEALTH DEPARTMENT REGULATIONS

The Brunswick County Health Department, under the authority of a
resolution passed by the Brunswick County Board Health, has the
responsibility of administering the rules governing the protection of
private water supplies, the rules governing public water supplies, and
the laws and rules for ground absorption sewage desposal systems of
3000 gallons or less design capacity, of which were enacted'by the
authority of the North Carolina General Statues.

VI. BUILDING CODE

A building code is a law which requires that minimum, standards,
provisions, and requirements are met for safe and stable design,
methods of construction and uses of materials in buildings and/or
structures erected, constructed, enlarged, altered, repaved, moved,
converted to other uses or demolished and to regulate the equipment,
maintainance, use and occupancy of all buildings and for structures.

The general purpose of a building code is to promote the public
health, safety, and welfare, The State of North Carolina provides a
'standardized building code which is very comprehensive and insures
that all buildings are adequate and safe. All local governments in
North Carolina will be required to adopt this code by 1983 and enforce
it with a building inspections department. The local government code
may deviate fromthe State Building Code only if a compelling need can
be proved.

Southport can use the North Carolina Building Code to improve
the quality of construction within the planning area. Many buildings
and homes are substandard and do not provide adequate shelters for
dwellings, businesses, or other uses.

.VII. Capital Improvements Program

A capital improvement program (CIP) is a list of capital projects
that a locality expects to undertake in the future, It is designed to
be an organized guide to structure the budget properly for the next
five or six years. With a fiscal year dated for each project, priori-
ties are set in a listing of projects that range from critically needed
to desirable.Using a CIP is a continuous process that must be reviewed
and updated every year to be an effective tool.

As a tool for implementing goals and policies the program can
include projects which will meet existing needs and trends. Examples
of such budgeted projects include grants for the rehabilitation or
demolition of substandard homes, new fire fighting equipment in an
effort to upgrade the department for a Class 7 rating, or clean up of
the old waterfront area. In this way, the CIP can be used to achieve
goals and objectives stated by the Southport citizens in their current
Land Use Plan.

A CIP can also be used to guide growth into desirable areas as
indicated by the future land use map or land classificaiton map of
the Plan. An example of such use is providing water and sewer extensions
to areas not yet developed, but that are the most desired areas for
-future development. In this way the CIP is intended to guide the
need for services, not just meet them. It is an effort to shape the
conditions conducive to a desirable land use pattern.

Enforcement

The enforcement of a capital improvements program is the direct
responsibility of the officials of the City of Southport. It is their
duty to budget money for the projects listed in the program. In the
order of the set priorities, the projects should be included in each
fiscal year budget throughout the CIP period of five to six years.
It is also the duty of City officials to review the CIP and to make
sure that the projects are still needed and that the priorities have
not changed.

A CIP can be the most effective wa to meet certain goals and
y
objectives as stated in the Land Use Plan.

7. CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAM

In 1974, the City of Southport adopted a ten-year public improvements
program. It includes only the public improvements for Which the City is
directly responsible and which must be provided for in the City's Capital
Imporvement Budget. The program was divided into two schedules, phase I fo,r
1974 to 1978 and phase II for 1979 to 1984. Phase II is currently in effect.
Items included in this phase and their justification are summarized below.

P
IC T
UBL IMPROVEMENTS PROJECTS FOR FISCAL 1979-1984

Improvement Items Justification

1. Acquire sufficient land at the 1. This site would protect a
end of Willis Drive to develop small portion of the river-
a riverside park. front area and provide
recreational facilities
to the residents of Southpor
and to the many tourists tha
visit the area.

2. Purchase new patrol vehicles 2. This is done to insure de-
at a two year interval. pendable, safe and low main-
tenance transportation.
Additionally, this would
be a predictable and easily
planned for expense.

3. Purchase new street, water and 3. This heavy equipment should
sewer department equipment on be replaced on a regular
a staggered basis at five year basis to insure low main-
intf--rvals, tenance and high performance

4. Pa-ve the parking area of the town 4. This is needed for the over-
,garage and provide sufficient buffers all protection of the stored
to shield the adjoining areas. vehicles and to shield the
adjacent property from the
activities and storage
facilities of the area.
5. Pave the existing parking facili- 5. This would provide an adequa-
ties adjacent to City Hall and mark parking area and would prevei
off spaces. haphazard parking arrange-
ments.
6. Construct a new fire station 6. The present fire station
with room for expansion and has no room for expansion
proper maintenance of equip- or for additional equipment
ment. and the present facilities
are inadequate for mainten-
ance of equipment and
training.

7. Purchase foam equpiment 7. This would provide better
for the Fire Department. fire protection to the
City and expand their
present service.

Furthermore, while it is not considered a capital improvement item,
the City will have to consider the employment of a full time fireman due
to projected growth. This will also permit the City to gain a lower class
fire rating which will bring about a reduction in fire insurance rates.

Fiscal Year 1981 Budget Expenditures

Recently the operating budget for fiscal year 1981 was approved by officials
or the City of Southport. Requested expenditures 'or capital outlays (improvements)
were approved primarily for the fire department, h@alth and sanitation department,
and electric department. Substantial general expenditures were approved for the
City library and recreation facilities and programs. The following is a summary
of the approved budget expenditures. A summary of the expected revenues for FY 81
can be found in the Economic Profile of this Plan.

City of Southport
FY 81 Budget - Expenditures

Total Expenditures

Administration 90,971
Police 150,767
Fi re &Rescue 30,915
Health & Sanitation 99,355
Street 85,539
General Gov't 58,300

Total 515,847

-An itemization of each department's approved expenditures can be found
in the appendix to this text; however, significant expenditures for capital
improvement projects are highlighted here.

The fire department will receive $1,000 for maintenance and repairs in
FY 81. This represents a 42 percent increase over the past allocation for
this category. A capit3l outlay of $1,200 was also approved, which should
contribute to efforts for obtaining a class 7 rating.

Health and Sanitation expenditures for capital outlays of $39,632 was approved.
This represents about 40 percent of the total allocation for health and sanitation.

Under General Government significant budget allocations were made for the
library ($13,110), recreation ($16,500), and the waterfront park ($11,700).
An additional $ 1,500 from revenue sharing funds has been allo@ated for recreation.
Each of these items were mentioned by respondents to the Citizen Questionnaire
as needing improvement or development.

Regarding the current problem of dilapidated structures in Southport, only
$200 of the General Government expenditures has been allocated to building removal.
It is possible that additional financing for,building removal is included under
Health and Sanitation; however, it was not included in the itemization.

A.capital outlay of $36,000 was approved for the electric department, but
it is not clear for what it shall be used.

It is significant to note that, although several respondents to the Citizen
Questionnaire indicated some repair of streets was needed, no budget allocations
were made for such repair under street expenditures. This includes resurfacing,
new paving, and sidewalks. However, small allocations for paving ($3,000) and
patching ($6,000) were made under the Powell Bill expenditure of State funds.

PART 3: LAND USE SURVEY AND ANALYSIS

r" -
I

LAND USE SURVEY AND ANALYSIS

1 Existing Land Use

Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Office
Recreati onal
Transportation, Communication, and Utilities
Publ,ic Institution
Private Institution
Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries
Undeveloped

2. Development Trends

Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Office
Recreation
Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries
Transportation, Communication, and Utilities; Public Institution;
Private Institution

3. Existing and Proposed Services and Facilities

Water Facilities
Sewerage Facilities
Transportation Facilities
Educational Facilities
Other Services and Facilities

LAND USE SURVEY AND ANALYSIS

In accordance with the State guidelines for Local Planning in the Coastal
Area under the Coastal Area Management Act of 1974, an update of the 1976 Land
Use Survey was completed in 1980.

The 1980 Land Use Survey serves four major functions: First, an accurate
dwelling unit count is made available. Second, existing acreages for each land
use category are determined. Thirdly, the designation of each parcel of land
is given. From this proces's land use compatability relationships are determined.
Fourth, and most important, the Land Use Survey serves as the basis for an in-
depth land use analysis. It will reveal, for example, the amount of unused but
usable land available within Southport. This is an important consideration in
shaping policies in matters of industrial, commercial and residential develop-
ment, subdivision control, of facilities provision and needs assessment and in
the future, the establishment of zoning districts. It will also reveal those
land use changes from 1975, which in turn outline the city's development trends.
The following analysis will deal primarily with the use of the land and the
relationships of the various types of land uses.

1. EXISTING LAND USE

The general land use of Southport is indicated on the Existing Land
Use Map and the accompanying table. The acreage figures presented were
calculated from data gathered from tax records, a windshield survey, and
planimeter measurements of related maps. They are broken down for acreage
within the corporate limits and acreages within extra terrirorial Jurisdic-
tion. The following discussion briefly describes the various uses and their
changing acreages since the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan.

Residential

Residential use accounts for approximately 30.5 percent of the total
land use in the Southport corporate limits, which is about the same percentage
as that in 1976. Residential structures are almost exclusively single family
dwelling units; however, since 1976, there have been some increases in the
acreages for multi family dwellings and mobile homes, 63.5 percent and 18.5
percent respectively. 'Single family residential land use in acres has increased
only 4.2 percent since 1976.

The-areas of extraterritorial jurisdiction experienced a decrease in
acreages of residential land use, approximately 45.1 percent. This is due to
large purchases of land for industrial purposes by local industries. There
are no mult'i-family dwelling units in the jurisdiction, but mobile home develop-
ments-have increased. In acres for mobile homes, there was an increase of
approximately 109% land use since 1976.

Commercial
Approximately 6.2 percent of the total land use in the Southport planning
area is devoted to commercial uses. Within the corporate limits there has been
an increase of acres in commercial use of 23.3 percent, while the e@traterri-
torial jurisdiction has experienced an increase of 447.8 percent. This extreme
difference or increase, in relation to figures from the privious land use plan,
reflects the fact that large tracts of land are owned, but are yet undeveloped,
by commercial entities.

Areas of commercial concentration include the downtown, the community
shopping center at the intersection of North Howe Street and N.C. 87, and the
areas adjacent to the small boat harbor marina and the Old Yacht Basin.
Industry
since the 1976 Land Use Plan, the percentage of total land use in acres
fQr the Southport Planning Area has increased tremendously (.1267 percent). This
large increase is due to substantial purchases of land throughout the extra-
territorial jurisdiction (over 600 acres) by both CP&L and Pfizer companies.
Within the corporate limits of Southport, the land use acreage has increased by
approximately 19 acres. It should be noted that all land classified industrial
is not developed and may not be for many years to come. It is also true that
CP&L is classified a utility, but its land in the Southport area has been classi-
fied industrial.

Office

Lands occupied by office uses comprise about .43 percent of the land in the
total planning area - approximately .61 percent within the corporate limits and
.34 in the 'extraterritorial jurisdiction. This 1980 classification cannot be

compared with that of the 1976 Land Use Plan because it was previously not
as well defined. However, it must be noted that Southport did lose a large
number of offices in 1978 when the Brunswick County Offi@es moved from down-
town Southport to the Brunswick County Government Center near Bolivia.

Recreation

Since 1976, Southport has greatly increased its amount of land in recrea-
tional uses. A total--increase for the planning area, for acres of recreational
land use, was about 150 percent. A little league field of three acres, a .
multi-use basketball court of 1-2 acre, a mini park of 1-2 acre,and two tennis courts
of !@ acre have been developed. A waterfront park of one acre is being planned
also, and property has currently been aquired for the project. Other recrea-
tional areas in Southport include historic sites, fishing pier, boat harbor
marina, school athletic fields, neighborhood parks, and a community meeting cen-
ter for local civic groups. The Frying Pan Lightship on the waterfront is also
open to the public. Even with the 150 percent improvement, recreational land
use comprises the smallest percentage of the total land use in the corporate
limits of Southport.

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities

Transportation, Communication, and Utilities represent the third largest
)and use within the corporate limits with approximately 15.2 percent of the
total land. The bulk of this consists of street rights-of-ways, which are in
many instances 99 feet in width. Other uses within this categroy include the
sewage treatment plant on West Street and water pumping stations on Howe
Leonard, and Moore Streets.

Outside Southport in the extraterritorial planning areas,close to 14
percent of the total land use is in this category. Included in the classifica-
tion are street rights-of-way, water stations, and the CP&L nuclear power plant.

Public Institution

Lands occupied by public institutions in Southport comprise about 1.6
percent of all land in the corporate limits. In the outside planning area
they comprise about .21 percent. The category of public institutions includes
entities su,ch as the police and fire station, town hall buildings,public schools,
city garage, and the library. A comparison of the acres of land in this use
between 1975 and 1980 figures cannot be made because the category in the previ-
ous plan was not well defined. This is true for the following category also.

Private Institution Land Use

Private institution use of land includes such entities as the Dosher
Memorial Hospital, Moose Club building, Masonic Lodge, churches, and the conva-
lescent home. Approximately .74 percent of the total land use in the Southport
corporate limits is devoted to this type. There is no private institution land
use in the extraterritorial jurisdiction area.

Agriculture, Forestry andFisheries

Use of land for agriculture, forestry, and fisheries has declined in acreage
since 1976. The total decline was about 9.1 percent within the Southport corpo-
rate limits and 54.4 percent in the extraterritorial jurisdiction. For the whole
planning area, this land use type comprises the largest percent(29.4) of all land
use. The decrease in acreages are due to urban land use development,

Undeveloped

Undeveloped land is vacant, unimproved land without agriculture or forest
use. For the Southport Land Use Plan, wetlands have been included in the acreage
data. This category occupies approximately 29.8 percent of the total land use
within the corporate limits and 14 percent within the area of extraterritorial
jurisdiction. Of the total land use in the Southport Planning Area, undeveloped
land comprises approximately 19.3 percent.

SOUTHPORT EXISTING LAND USE
Within Corporate Limits Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Total Acreage
Approximate Approximate
Average Averade . Average
Number Acreage Total Number Acreage Total Number Acreage Total
Land Use of Units Per Unit Acreage Percentage.of UnitsPer Unit Acreage Percentage of Units Per Units Acreage Percentag
Permanent
Single Family
Residential 850 .43 365.71 29.44 112 .65 72.54 3.02 962 .46 438.25 12.04

Permanent Multi
Family
Residential 42 .20 8.34 .69 0 0 0 0 42 .20 8.34 .23
Mobile Homes 18 .26 4.62 .37 47 .21 10.03 .42 65 .23 14.65 .40
Commercial 76 .36 27.62 2.22 9 10.53 94.76 3.95 85 1.44 122.38 3.36
Industry 1 20.09 20-09 1.62 1 685.38 685.38 28.58 2 352,74 705.47 19.38
Office 22 .35 7.60 .61 3 2.71 8.12 .34 25 .63 15.72- .43
Recreation 6 1.15 6.88 .55 1 1.02 1.02 .04 7 1.13 7.90 .22

Trans.,Commun.
& Utilities 8 23.58 188.61 15.18 4 82.38 329.51 13.74 12 43.18 518.12 14.23
Public Institution28 ..70 19.50 1.57 1 5.14 5.14 .21 29 .85 24.64 .68
Private Institu. 4 2.31 9.22 .74 0 0 0 0 4 2.31 9.22 .25

Agric. Forestry,
Fisheries 6 35.70 214.17 17.24 1 857.44 857.44 35.75 7 153.09 1071.61 29.43
SUBTOTAL 1061 .82 872.36 70.25% 178 11.60 2063.94 86.05% 1240 2.37 2936.30 80 .65
Undeveloped- NA NA 369.84 29,75% NA NA 334.46 13.95% NA NA 704.30 19.35'
TOTAL 1061 1.17 1242.20 100.00% 178 13.47 2398.40- 100.00% 1240 2.94 3640.60 100.00,

IN-,1-,-.'Transpor tat ion, Communication, Utilities

Agriculture , Forestry, Fisheries

Single Family Residential
..........

Multi- Family Residential

Private I n s t i t u t'
ion
............ ............

................
.............
................
..........
Public Institution ........
..........
............
............ :: .... :,:: .... ............
..............
.....................

..............
Mobile Hoi,,,--.,, .............. . .... .
... . ......
......... .. ...........
................
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Undeveloped .... ...........
......... ... ..............

........... ........ ...............
Commercia' ...................... .............. ::::: -:: -: :
...................
.............
........... .............

.......... ...................
Industry ..............

..........................
l
@i;;l tice ... ........
0q", Of

..................
........... ... .. .
................

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . .

..............
ULM
. ....... ...

fat

Prepared by the Brunswick County Planninq Office, 1980 cpb

Development Trends

The population and economic trends from 1976 to 1980 appear to be much the
same as those from 1970 to 1975. The Southport area has experienced unpara-
lelled population and economic growth, bUt it is difficult to measure the long-
term impacts of the development which haveoccurred. Benefits have accrued,
includitg increased tax base to support governmental services., However, this
growth-can cause-unmanageable consequences in terms of increased school enroll-
ments, unmet health care needs, traffic congestion, spiraling demand for police
and fire protection, increased social services demand, unavailable recreation
facilities, and continued demand for water and sewer services.

The following briefly discusses development and trends in each land use sector
and some potential impacts of the trend&.

Residential

Population growth in the Southport area has increased community demand for
"low density sprawl." Low density sprawl is defined as the entire community
consisting of single family homes, 75 percent sited in a traditilonal' grid pattern
and the rest clustered. Neighborhoods are in a leap frog pattern wilth li.ttle
continuity. As indicated by the land use survey, Southport clearly exemplifies
the pattern. The pattern not only appears in the city,'but i 's also occurrIng
out in-the extraterritorial planning area with continued single family dwelling
development in random areas. When compared to other patterns such.as multi-
family*or mixed developments, sprawl has proven to be less effi,ci.ent.. The over-
all cost to the neighborhood or community is significantly more for operati.ng and
maintenance costs, water pollution generation, energy consumption, land utili.za-
tion, water consumption, and capital costs. The existing Southport sewage treat-
ment services will be particularly affected by continued growth and service
'demands since the plant is presently operating at near full capacity. It is
essential that Southport begin to make,decisions on how best to provide such ser-
vice for the projected population growth. It is also important for Southport to
guide-the growth and development into areas where services are already provided
or planned for reasons of efficiency and economy.

A factor in sprawl patterns, strip development is also cocurring along the
major thoroughfares, particularly in the extraterritorial area. This threatens
to "land lock" quantities of desirable land located behind the roads and
increases the possibility of future blight of houses presently being built along
these roads. Another consequence of strip development is the nece3sity of connec-
ting driveways along major thoroughfares. Numerous individual driveways decrease
the utility of the road and increase the danger to residents and motoring public.
In particular, along Jabbertown Road and Moore Street extension, residential
development has occurred as opposed to the development of available residentially
zoned land located within the city limits. The aging solution to this trend--
annexation--only perpetuates the problem.

New mobile homes in Southport are presently allowed only to locate in mobile
home parks outside the city limits within the extraterritorial jurisdiction. There
are existing mobile homes scattered within the city limits which are non-conforming

uses. These homes can be replaced so long as the new home is not larger in
size. Mobile home development has continued in the extraterritorial juris-
diction. The amount of land occupied by them has more than doubled since 1976.

The companies of CP&L and Pfizer have also increased their land holdings in
the Southport area. A loss of land classified residential since 1976 can be
attributed to this action, and it will be a significant factor in limiting fut-
ure residential development to certain areas throughout the planning jurisdiction.

Commercial

The commercial land use in the Southport planning area has doubled to about
6 percent since 1976. It is still a small percentage of the total land use--
primarily a result of the retail marketing influence of Wilmington, Nevertheless,
the expanding economic development in Smithville Township has helped to spur commer-
cial trade and service development.

Economic trends in the commercial community, however, indicate that growth
has not taken place in the Central Business District (CBD). A land use analysis
also shows this negative trend. An extreme problem of vacant buildings and
vacant lots exists due to lack of demand for floor space in the CBD.

Strip commercial development outside the CBD helps to stifle growth and rede-
velopment in the CBD. Currently, strip commercial development along North Howe
. N.C. 133 and 211 is permitted by the Zoning Ordinance. Commercial develop-
Street'.
ment h@s taken place along North Howe Street and N.C. 133.

Industrial

There has not been any additional industrial location since 1976 in the South-
port planning area. As noted earlier, however, the two largest companies, CP&L and
Pfizer, have aquired a great deal of additional land in the area, which has been
classified industrial.

Another important industry in the area is fishing. Southport remains the
commercial and sport fishing center of the county.

Office

There has been a trend in Southport to Office development since 1976. The
move of the County offices actually made a large amount of office space available;
however, most of those offices remain vacant today, indicating a lack of demand.

Recreation

As a result of public demand for increased recreation facilities and programs,
Southport has added significantly to its recreation facilities and programs. This
demand only exemplifies the national trends toward spending more leisure time in
various recreational activities, and the consequent demand for such.

There is also increasing concern for the preservation of historic and arche-
ological sites in the Southport area. Such preservation accompanied by national
recognition is believed to be an important commercial aspect for the city

Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries

The loss of land in this category to urban land use development is a predo-
minent trend throughout the country. Since extreme losses are concerns nation-
wide, Southport should monitor closely any changing land uses in its jurisdic-
tion.

Owing to recent economic development pressure and urban sprawl, this category
is likely to experience the greatest transformation in the future. Land that is
owned by individual property owners but not forest product companies is more succep-
tible to this pressure. Thus, it is important that agricultural and forestland
conversion to urban land be given careful review so that new uses will be compati-
ble. An example is best illustrated by the construction of the Pfizer plant which
was previously an area of agriculture and forestry. These "pressures" will be
exerted to develop lands between pfizer and Southport, thereby contributing to fur-
ther urban sprawl and inefficient utility service.

Transportation, Communication and Utilities; Public Institution;
Private Instituf-ion

The substantial population growth in the Southport area during the past
decade has increased demand for public and private facilities and services. More
demands are made of the government institutions, schools, organizations, churches
nursing and health care centers. As residential and commercial development contin-
ues, p-olice and fire protection must increase as well as water and sewage-facilities.
C6rrently, the most pressing problem Southport will face with population growth
is and overload for the existing sewage treatment facility. It is currently operat-
ing at near full capacity. The sewage system operating in Southport will have to be
improved upon with the prospect of increased demand.

Other facilities and services are discussed in the Assessment of Southport's
Past Land Use Plan.

3. EXISTING AND PROPOSED SERVICES AND FACILITIES

Water Facilities

Water System

The water supply for Southport consists of three wells which tap the
Tertiary System Aquifer. The wells are about 175 feet in total depth and collec-
tively yield 700 gallons per minute. On a 12-hour demand schedule, this system
could provide 504,000 gallons per day (pumping capacity). According to the
Southport Land Use Plan prepared in 1976, the water system was operating at 43 per-
cent capacity, using an average of approximately 218,206 gallons per day.

In preparation of the Southeastern Brunswick County 201 Facilities Plan, 1977
water use records for the City of Southport were reviewed. A summary of the water
consumption records for the city is presented in the following table. It shows
that residential and commercial customers were using an approximate average of
26@-,055 gallons per day, or 55 gallons per day per capita. The water system was
operating at 52.4 percent capacity.

Southport Water Use Records

1977 Water Use Gallons Rate (per day) Per Capitz

Residential and Commercial 96,380,125 264,055 55 gpd
Industrial 0 0 0

Totd] 96,380,125 264,055 55 gpd

Based on 1510 connections at 3.2 persons/connections

A revi.ew of the 1979 Southport water -consumption records indicates that
residential and commercial customers were using an approximate average of 291,550
gallons per day. The water system was operating at about 58 percent capacity in
1979,

Water Supply-Hydrogeology
An understanding of the hydrogeology of the area is the filrst step toward
evaluating the availability, occurrence, and chemical quality of the groundwater
supply in the planning area. The void spaces between the rock materi 'als that
underlie Southport constitute the reservoir in which the water is stored and the
conduits through which the water moves. While a thorough examination of the
geology
and groundwater has not been completed at this time, there are pertinent
facts that have been identified by the Regional Hydrologist with the North Caro-
lina Department of Natural and Economic Resources. Rick Shiverin a memorandum,
r.eported the following analysis (-September 1975).
"Although located in the Lower Cape Fear River Basin , Southport is not in
a designated public water supply watershed since surface waters do not supply the
city; class A2 surface waters are unavailable for use and hence groundwater resources
supply all water needs.

Hydrogeologica'tly,Southport is complex. A post-miocene aquifer exists
between land surface and approximately 40 feet below land surface; this
aquifer consists of sand and contains potable water under water table conditions.
Below the post-miocene is the tertiary system aquifer, the primary source of South-
port's water supply. Porus and permeable limestone provides the geologic frame-
work in which excellent quality groundwater is stored under artesian or near con-
ditions. The tertiary system aquifer is approximately 140 feet thick and extends
from 40 feet below land surface and 200 feet below land surface. Probably, the
post-miocene aquifer and tertiary system aquifer are hydraulically connected.

Between 200 feet below land surface and 1550 feet below land surface is the
upper, middle, and low cretaceous system aquifer. Brackish groundwater is con-
tained within unconsolidated sands under artesian and flowing artesian conditions.
Basement hard rock is encountered at 1150 feet below land surface.

Groundwater recharge to the post-miocene aquifer by direct infiltration of
rainfall is active in Southport. As the post-miocene aquifer is hydraulically
connected to the tertiary system aquifer, recharge to the post-miocene aquifer
results in effective recharge to the tertiary system aquifer.

Groundwater from the post-miocene aquifer is of potable quality and exists
in significant quantity. Groundwater from the tertiary system aquifer is of
excellent potable quality and is available in large quantities. However, it is
suspected that the quality and quantity of groundwater from both aquifers is in
jeopardy. It is suspected (but not yet substantiated) that Brunswick Steam Elec-
tric Plant CP&L canal, the inland waterway, and the dredge Cape Fear River are
man-made activities which have allowed brackish water to enter the post-miocene
aquifer and tertiary system aquifer.

Therefore, these suspected sources are responsible for initiating/ accen-
tuating a salt water encroachment problem. To preclude further quantity and
quality problems, man-made activities which would have detrimental effects on the
aquifers should be avoided.

Southport is served by three wells which tap the tertiary system aquifer.
The wells are nearly 175 feet in total depth and collectively yield 700 GPM. It
is suspected that these wells are now beginning to exhibit a quality problem
related to salt water encroachment; and, hence, deserve close quality monitoring,
To date, quantity of water is not a problem and with future reasonable use should
not present a problem.

In summary, the aquifers of significance are the post-miocene and tertiary
system aquifer. Past man-made activities are suspected to have resulted in quality
problems in both aquifers. It is vital that future activities avoid additional
quality impairment. Quantity of groundwater is not now a problem and future
quantity problems are not anticipated, assuming reasonable use. Southport's impend-
ing use of central supplies precludes a lengthy discussion on future water planning."

Sewage-Facilities
Southport is the only area served by a municipal wastewater collection and
treatment system within Southeastern Brunswick County. Constructed between 1965
and 1974, the existing system serves most of the presently developed area within
the city limits.

The collection system consists of approximately 96,000 feet of eight inch
gravity sewer of both concrete and clay construction with a total of about 275
manholes. A total of seven pumping facilities operate prior to final discharge
into the wastewater treatment plant located on West Street. An infiltration/in-
flow analysi,s, conducted as part of the preparation of the Southeastern Brunswick
County 201 Facilities Plan (1978), indicated a maximum infiltration rate of approxi-
mately 637 gallons per day, per inch-mile of pipe, and an inflow rate of 48,000 gpd/
mile. According to Environmental Protection Agency guidelines and professional
engineering standards, these infiltration/inflow rates are not considered excessive.
It was noted during this rate analysis that a standby source of power is needed at
several pumping stations, particularly at the facility on Bay Street which carries
flow from a large portion of the city to the treatment plant.

The existing wastewater treatment plant serving Southport was cons,tructed in
1965. It has a design capacity of 300,000 gallons per day, or 0.30 mgd, and employs
a contact stabilization process of biological treatment. The chlorinated effluent
is discharged to Cottage Creek, a tributary of the Intercoastal Waterway. Sludge
disposal is accomplished by aerobic digestion and on-site drying beds.

All waste treated at the plant is either residential or commercial. There are
no industrial discharges to the system. A population of 3,136 people is being served
According to a study in preparation for the Southeastern Brunswick County 210
Facilities Plan, the treatment plant achieves acceptable secondary treatment of a
flow of approximately 0.28 mgd. These figures indicate that the sewage system is
currently operating at 94 percent capacity.

Major industries in the area, including Pfizer and Standard Products, provide
their own wastewater treatment capable of meeting effluent criteria.

It should be noted that the ratio of the water supply pumping capacity (504,000
gallons per day) to the treatment facility capacity (3000,000 gallons per day) is
below the non-n. (The capacity figures were taken from the 1975 Southport Land use
Plan.) The ratio for Southport is about 0.6 or 60 percent, while the norm is about
85 percent in a range from 70 to 95 percent. This difference may be due to an extra-
ordinary loss of water that does not flow to the treatment plant.

The City of Southport is included in the planning area for the joint treatment
facility being designed for Southeastern Brunswick County. It is anticipated that
the Southport population will be served 100 percent (summer and winter season)
during both Phase I and II of the treatment and transmission facility construction
period.

Forecasts of wastewater flows were calculated for Southport in preparation
of the 201 Facilities Plan. The following tables show predicted flow levels for
1990 and 2000.

-- ---------------------

---Water Line

Sewer Line

Brunswick County Planning Department 1980 cpb

1990 Forecast of Flow
Population Flow Non-Excessive Non-commited
Total #Served 60 gpd Extraneous Flow Industrial flow Total
(gpd) (gpd) Flow Npd)

,Summer 4863 4863 291,780 130,000 42,178 463,958
lWinter 4562 4562 273,720 130,000 445,898

2000 Forecast of Flow
Population Flow Non-ExCessive Non-committed Total
Total #Served 60gpd Extraneous Flow Industrial Flow Flow(gpd)
(gpd) (gpd)

ISummer 5996 5996 389,740 149,900 53,964 593,604
Minter 5665 5665 368,225 149,900 572,089

Federal level budget problems and restraints, however, are holding up funding
for the- start of this construction, at the present time. This may prove to be a
problem for Southport, since its existing sewage treatment facility is operating
at 94 percent capacity. If the construction of the county project is delayed for
an additional two to three years, the City of Southport may consider the option
of with drawing from the Southeastern Brunswick County 201 Facilities Plan in order
to expand its own treatment facilities to accomodate growth.

At this time, it is not clear which option the City of Southport may choose.
Since any projection of expansion requirements amy depend on the option chosen, the
Brunswick County Planning Department has not been able to determine expansion pro-
jections for the present planning period.

Transportation Facilities

According to the Highway Capacity Manual the practical capacity for two
lanes plus parking for two way traffic is 5,700-8,200 vehicles per day. Capacity
is- defined as the maximum number of vehicles Which li@s a reasonable.expectation of
passing over a given section of a 'lane or a roadway in@both directions du@ing a
given time period u 'nder prevailing roadway and traffic conditions. Based on this!
-.standard, the only thoroug.hfare in the Southport Planning-area which warrants .
.improvement is North Howe Street at the city limits. This street is on.the State
,.Highway System (G.S. 136 - Article 3A) and in 1974 had an average d-aily.traffic
Icount of 8850'vehicles per day. However, there'are other factors (i.e., design,
.zost,,traffic generat6rs:;-.accident frequency, origin-dest'ination studies, etc.)
besides- capacity analysis which must be considerea before alterations are made.

Brunswick County adopted a detaile.d thoroughfare plan prepared by the N.C.
Department of Transportation, Division of Highways in 1978. Major roads of South-
port and the vicinity were included in the Thoroughfare Plan. For a summary of how
the plan affects Southport, see the Assessment of Past Land Use Plan previously in
this text,

Educational Facilities

There are three educational facilities administered by the Brunswick County
Board of Education which serve the Southport Planning area. The City of Southport
actually has little or no authority with regard to school policies. There are two
schools within the city limits of Southport: Southport Primary School located on
West George Street and SOLIthport Middle School located on 8th Street. South
Brunswick High School is located near Boiling Springs Lakes.

The three facilities-are:

Southport Primary K-4
Design Capacity: 600 pupils
1979-80 Enrollment: 336

Southport Middle School 5-8 -
Design Capacity: 500 pupils
1979-80 Enrollment: 762

South Brunswick High School 9-12
Design Capacity: 750 pupils
1979-80 Enrollment: 735

Note: Design capacities were taken from the 1976 Southport Land Use Plan.
Enrollment figures were reported by the Brunswick County Board of
Education.

At present, a new middle school is being constructed near the South Brunswick
High School location. No additional plans have been made for the existing Southport
Middle School facility when the new school is completed.

Other Services and Facilities

The City of Southport provides the following services and facilities to its
residents: City Hall, police and fire protection, public library, water and
sewer service, electric distribution service, recreation,, refuse collection and
disposal, streets, city garbage, cemeteries, street lighting and signs. Of those
services and facilities, the following were recommended for major improvement in
1976: fire protection improvement by obtaining a class 7 rating; water and sewer
service capacity and extension improvement; acquiring adequate and highly desirable
recreational areas.

To date, Southport has not acquired a class 7 rating. This. i.s mainly beca.use
they still have a completely volunteer fire department. At present, Southport has
a class 8 rating. Interest still continues in the class 7 rating because of the
improvement in fire protection.services necessary to obtain the rating and also
because of the reduction in fire-insurance rates it brings..

7
Since 1976, Southport has added a great deal to its recreation facilities. -
Since that time a little league field, a multi-use basketball,court, a mini park,
and two tennis courts have been developed. Property for a waterfront park has also
been acquired. A grant for development of the park was secured from the North Car'*oli
Department of Community Development and Natural Resources, and it is planned to be
completed by 1981.

Residents of Southport are served by two hospitals for health care. In
1978 the Brunswick County Hospital located in Supply was completed to serve all
county residents. During its construction, many Southport citizens were concerned
that its development would force the closing of Dosher Hospital located in the City.
The hospital, however, remained operating despite the loss of county funds in 1977.
Revenue for its operation is obtained through a special assessment in Smithville
Township of an extra 4 cents per $100 valuation. This revenue also allowed the new
addition to be constructed which will provide more modern facilities, rather than
increase capacity. Because of the support of the people of Southport and surroundin(
Smithville Township, Dosher Hosiital will remain an intrical part of the community.

Southport also has services and facilities to benefit the large portion of
elderly in it community. There is a senior citizens cente.r in Southport which is
located in the old marineology building. It offers a common meeting place for
socializing as well as free meals, movies, various table games, and table tennis.
A bowling team has also been organized for Southport's senior citizens and is just
now getting started.

A second senior citizens center which is available to the elderly of South-
port is the center which recently opened in Shallotte. This center is located in
the old health building in Shallotte. It offers free meals as well as a wide
variety of recreational opportunities and transportation services to the center.
It is hoped that the center will eventually provide information and guidance ser-
vices as well. Transportation services to the center are provided to-senior citizen@
in out-lying areas where there is a lack of facilities for the elderly.

The elderly of Southport are also eligible for in-home services provided by
the County.

PART 4: LAND CLASSIFICATION DEVELOPMENT

r, -

, SOUTHPORT

CONSTRAINTS ON DEVELOPMENT

Tr -.

.@W- -
!F--

A
-1

SOIL SUITABILITY ANALYSIS

Introduction

This is an analysis of the general suitability of Southport
soils for use as future sites for development. All of the Town's soils
are classified as having some degree of physical limitations for future
development@ This analysis uses a general site map of the City and locates
those soil associations with natural properties that are not well suited
for development. The analysis discusses each soil.and its interpretation.
This analysis is essenti.ally a guide and aid in the preparation of a land
classification map. The' maps and analysis (ire useful guides in planning
residential growth, engineering works, recreational facilities and commun-
ity projects. This is not a suitable analysis for planning and management
of a specifiec residence or lot, or for selecting exact locations for
I-)JIding roads, etc., because the soils in any one association ordinarily
differ in slope, drainage, depth and other characteristics that could
affect their management.

The Outer Banks S.C.S. Soil Survey was used to develop the soil
analysis sections for each association. The soil productive areas
were identified by following certain established criteria. Agricultural
lands were mapped according to capability class ratings from the S.C.S.
which is explained in the text. Productive forest lands were separated
according to the site index of the associations with only those of high
value'being mapped. Loblolly pine was used as the reference species.

Soil Conditions

This section of the report groups together various soils
associations having similarsoil properties and thus interj@retes
their natural soil condition as having either resource potential
0 T
or specific development limitattion. The soil ratirlis, are det r, 'ned
or this basis. Such interpretations encompass certain established
tests to each soils physical and chemical properties. They are
as follows:
1) Soil Horizons- depth in inches of the major soil strata
froai surface to subsurface soils. This is used to determine
relatimve depth to water table and tile soils cheinical proper-ties.
2)- Texture- based on the relative aniounts of sand, silt,
and clay in a soil, giving rise to testured classes,such as sand,
sandy loam, loam, clay loam, and clay.

3) Particlo Size- based on the single soil unit and relates
to shrink-swell potential, Plasticity, and bearing capacity.

4) Permeability- that QUality OF A Soil thaT pERMIts the
movement of waTer and air. ESTIMATes of the rANGEof permeability
is the rate of time it takes for downward movemenT of water
in the major soil layers when saturated, but allowed to drain
freely.

5) Soil Structure- the arrangement and compaction of indi-
vidual soil particles into the basic soil building blocks.

6) Available Water Capacity- the ability of soils to retain
water for plant use."

7) Soil Reaction or ph- the degree of acidity or alkalinity
of a soil.

Suitability Map Key

Southport

Sources: Soil Survey of the Outer Banks, North Carolina, Part I.

United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service
in cooperation with North Carolina Department of Natural and Econo-
mic Resources and North Carolina State University Soil Science
Department, June 1977.

Federal Insurance Administration, flood zone designation.

Tile soil types indicated on the soil map were rated for bearing capacity
and septic tank filter field capacity. Bearing capacity is a soil limitation
rating for dwellings based on soil properties that affect foundations. Conside-
rations are also made of slope, susceptibility to flooding, seasonal high water
table, and other hydrologic conditions in rating the soils. Septic tank filter
field capacity is a rating based on soil properties that limit the absorption or
1reatment of effluent. These properties include: slope, susceptibilit.Y to
flooding, presence of a seasonal high water table,'and permeability of the sub-
soil and underlying material. Past performance of existing filter fields is also
iiiiportant in determining the suitability of a site for the installation and design
of a ground absorption sewage disposal system.

EaEh rating has a different meaning. These are indicated below.

Slight: Soil properties are generally favorable for the stated use, or
limitations are minor and can be easily overcome.

Moderate: Some soil properties are unfavorable, but limitations resulting
from the properties can be overcome or modified by special planning,
good design and careful management.

Severe-. Soil properties are unfavorable and resulting limitations are too
difficult to correct or overcome. Soil will require major soil recla-
mation or special design for stated uses. This rating, however, does
not imply the land cannot be used.

Very Severe: This rating is a subdivision of the severe rating and has one
or more features so unfavorable for the stated use that the limi-
tation is very difficult and expensive to overcome. Reclamation
would be very difficult, requiring the soil material to be re-
moved, replaced, or completely modified. This rating is confined
to soils that require extreme alteration and, generally, are not
used for dwellings and septic tank fields.

Coastal Floodplain is defined as the land areas adjacent to coastal sounds,
Estuaries, or the ocean which are prone to flooding from storms, with an annual
probability of one percent or greater (100-yr. flood). Land uses must comply
with standards of the Federal Insurance Administration.

The flood zone designations used on the suitability maps are those

accepted by the Federal Insurance Administration. Flood zone A includes

areas between the limits of the 100-year flood and 500-year flood boun-

daries.

The CAMA Areas of Env,i.ronmental Concern for Southport include Estuarine

Waters, Estuarine and River Erodible Areas, and Coastal Marshland. Estuarine

Waters are formally defindd as,"all the water of the Atlantic Ocean within the

boundary of North Carolina and all waters of the bays, sounds, rivers, and

tributaries there to seaward." Estuarine and River Erodible Areas are areas

subject to excessive.erosion. They are defined as the areas above ordinary

high water where excessive erosion has a high probability of occurring. In

determining the landward extent of this area, a reasonable 25-year recession

line is established using the best available information. Appropriate uses

for this land include recreation, conservation, and easements for access.

Land Uses that are not appropriate include permanent or substantial residential,

commercial, institutional, or industrial structures. These uses should be dis-

couraged in future development.

The Coastal Marshland area in Southport is marshland which is not low tidal

marshland. Appropriate land uses for this area are those which will not alter

natural functions. Examples of acceptable land use may include utility easements,

fishing piers, and docks.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6A Very Severe ................... ............. ... .... ...
.. . ....................... .
...............
.................. .
............................
......................
.........
....... ...................................
Severe . ..... .
................
..........
............................
.................. ...... .........................
.. .........
.......... ....... ..........
.. . ...... U: ...................
..... ....

.. . ..................
I ..... ................ r
..............
Moderate .....
...... ......
ir
... .........
..........
. .............
..........
Slight

........ .....

........ ...... .
CAMA AEC . . . ........ .......... .... .

...... ... ..

........... ....

..............
..... ........

. . . ..........
.................... .............
........... ..................
... ....... ........

....... .....
.... ..........

............ .........

...............
.........................

,x
it
Fil

P.repared by the Brunswick County Planning Department 1 80 cp

\Nando Fine sand Carpers Silty Clay
Loom
El Madeland

Murville Fine Sand

Dare Muck

Johnston Series

4 i N
Echaw
AIA@

Seabrook

Mandarin

Hobonny rTI

Leon
Sand

Ar- f

..........
... .. ......

-MMO-
. . ......... .... .
j.,

........... .......
H.

.........

............. ....
................

..............

...........

Brunswick County Planning Department 1980 cpb

Soils in the Slight Category:

Wando fine sand

The soils are sandy and excessively drained. Rapid permeability is
characteristic, as are drought conditions. Depth to high water table is
greater than six feet. There is no flooding of the soils. In a represen-
tative profile, the surface layer is dark brown loamy fine sand eight
inches thick. Slopes range from zero to six percent'and the soils are

found on the lower coastal plains.

Kureb fine

The soils are sandy and excessively drained. Permeability is rapid and

depth to high water table is over six feet. There is no flooding. A sample

profile shows a surface layer of dark gray sand, three inches thick. The soils

are found on broad undulating ridges and short side slopes of the tower coastal

plains.

Soils in the Moderate Category:

Johnston series

The soils are very poorly drained and consist of extremely fine sand

with excess organic materials. Typically, the surface layer is black mucky

loam, 30 inches thick. Permeability is moderate*to rapid. Depth to high

water table is about one-foot and flooding is frequent. The soils are found

on nearly level flood plains of the coastal plain with slopes ranging from

zero to two percent.

aw-

The soils are sandy throughout and permeability is rapid. Depth to high

water ranges from two and one half to five feet. There is no flooding and

the soils are droughty during dry periods. The surface layer is composed

of gray fine sand. Level to gently sloping, the soils are on low ridges and

island@s.

Blanton fine sand

The soils are sandy and moderately well drained. Permeability is rapid.
Depth to the high water table is greater than six feet. In a representative

profile, the surface layer is gray fine sand about nine inches thick. There

is no flooding. With slopes ranging from zero to twelve percent, the soils are
generally found in the coastal plain.

'Madeland( arteret complex)
See @IadEla_ad_ soil above for a general description. These soils are primarily
of the Carteret variety and are characterized by poorly drained sandy soi Is ,
very rapid permeability, and frequent flooding ( if located in tidal marshes).
The sand is typically gray in color.

Dn@@deLi I I
These soils are the result of dredging maintenance of the Intercoastal
Waterway. Most areas are composed of sand and shells. The soils are generally
droughty because of' the coarse texture.

Mandari n

The soils are sandy and somewhat poorly drained. Permeability is rapid and

depth to high water table is one and one half to three and one half feet.

Typically, these soils have gray fine sand surface layers with slopes from zero

to Lwo percent. The soils are found on areas slightly higher than the adjacent

flatwoods and do not experience flooding.

Seabrook

Thi soils are sandy and moderately well drained. Permeability is rapid
and depth to high water table ranges from two to four feet. The surface
layer is a dark grayish brown loamy fine sand about nine inches thick. There
is no flooding, and slopes are less than two percent. The soils can be found

on the lower coastal plain.

Soils in the Severe Catogory:

Madeland

These soils have been pumped up or dredged during construction of canals

and has been deposited between the canals for building site use. Essentially,

it has been deposited over marsh. Average soil thickness is from three to six

feet and water table fluctuates with changes in.the tide level. It is mainly

sandy with varying amounts of shell fragments.

Murville fine sand

The soils are sandy and very poorly drained. Permeability is rapid.

t4etness is characteristic of the soil and depth to high water table ranges from

zero to one foot. The surface layer is black fine sand about eight inches thick.

Flooding is rare since the soils are located on flats or in slight depressions

on coastal plain uplands. Slopes are generally less than two percent.

Leon sand

The soils are sandy and poorly drained. Permeability is rapid to moderate and

the depth to high water table rar-ios from ten to forty inches. The surface layer

is composed of partly decomposed organic materials and light gray sand. The soils

are ne.a-rly level to gently sloping and occur in the lower coastal plain.

Depressional areas are ponded.

Carpers Sil y
___Cla\L loam
The soils consist of very poorly drained soils having a dark brown silty
Clay Surface layer about 16 inches thick. Permeability is slow and depth
to high water table is near or at the surface. The soils contain decomposed
organic matter and characteristically.,-.Wet. Flooding is frequent. With slopes

of less than one percent, the soils are found in the tidal.marshes.

Soils in the Very Severe Catogory:

Carteret sandy loam

The soils are sandy and very poorly drained. Permeability is moderate to slow

and depth to high water table is one-to over three feet. Flooding is frequent.

In a typical profile, the surface layer is dark grayish-brown and dark gray

loamy'sand to a depth of ten inches. With slopes of zero to two percent the

soils are found in the ti'dal marshes.

Dare Muck

The soils consist of extremely acid organic soils and are characteris--@
tically wet. They contain black, dark reddish brown, and very dark brown highly
decomposed organic materials. Permeability is slow to moderate and flooding is
frequent. High water table is near the surface, generally. The swampy s'oils
are found in the lower coastal plain and have slopes less than one percent.

Bohick-et silty clay loam

The soils consist of very poorly drained soils with a surface layer of dark

gray silty clay loam. Permeability is slow and depth to high water table ranges
from zero to over three feet. The soils are characteristically wet and
experience frequent flooding by sea water, being located in the tidal marshes.

Hobonny

The soils consist of very fine sand and organic materials. They are poorly

drained and experience frequent flooding. Depth to high water table is near

or at the surface. Permeability is slow. In a representative profile, beneath
about two inches 'of silty clay loam material, it is dark reddish brown

organic materials that are highly decomposed to a depth of 90 inches.
Found on the lower coastal plain, the soils have slopes less than on percent.'

Scuthport Soil Suitability Acreage

Soil Total Acreage Total Acreage CO'mbined
@ating I n Town Percentage C,
@:xter ri tori a I Percentage Total Percentage
SI i ght 707.1 56.9 98.5 4.1. 805.6 22.1
SI ijit 127.7 10.3 170.3 7.1 298.0 8.2
flood Zone A
Slight 143.9 11.6 143.1 6.0 287.0 7.9
F1 ood Zone 9
Moderate 170.5 13.7 570.4 23.8 740.9 20.4
S@vere 40.2 3.2 741.7 30.9 781.9 21.5

19.9
T:)tdl 1242.2 100.0110' 2398.4 100.0% 3640.6 100.0%

Fragile Areas

In addition to items included on the Southport Soil and Suitability Maps,
items on the Southport Fragile Areas Map were considered in determining the
physical.suitability for development and land use. Included on the map are
environmentally fragile areas, public trust areas, cemeteries, and areas of
historic-@*and archeologic significance.

Environmentally fragile areas are known as Areas of Environmental Concern
(AECs). These areas need protection, and CAMA permits are required in order to
construct or build in the AEC. In Southport the AECs are classified as Coastal
Wetlands, Estuarine Waters, Estuarine and River Erodible Areas, Areas Subject to
Public Rights.

Coastal Wetlands

Coastal Wetlands are defined as "any salt marsh or other marsh subject to
regular or occasional flooding by tides, including wind tides (whether or not
the tide waters reach the marshland areas through natural or artificial water-
courses), provided this shall not include hurricane or tropical storm tides.
(Soil Conservation Service An Appraisal of Potentials for Outdoor Recreational
Development). Coastal Wetl-ands may be subdivided into two categories: low tidal
marshland and all other coastal marshland. Low tidal marshland is defined to
consist primarily of Spartina Alterniflora and to be subject to inundation by
the nornia'l rise and fall of lunar tides.

The marsh is the basis for the high yeild system of the estuary through
the production of organ detritus (partially decomposed plant material) which
is the prime input source for the food chain of the entire estuarine system.
In addition, the roots and rhizomes of the Spartina alterniflora serve as
waterfowl food and the stems as wildlife nesting material. Low tidal marsh
also serves as the first line of defense in retarding shoreline erosion.
Other coastal marshland contributes to the detritus supply and provides
quality-wildlife and waterfowl habitat depending on the biological and
physical conditions of the marsh. (Coastal Resources Commission, "State
Guidelines for Local Planning . . ." January 27, 1975 page 51.)

Appropriate land uses are those which do not significantly alter the natural
functions of the marsh. Inappropriate land use include, but are not limited to
the following examples: restaurants and businesses; residences, apartments, niotels,
hotels, and trailer parks; parking lots and offices; spoil and dump sites; waste-
water lagoons; public and private roads and highways; and factories. Examples
of acceptable land uses may include utility easements, fishing piers, docks,
certain agricultural uses except when excavation or filling affecting estuarine
or navigable waters is involved, and such other uses which do not significantly
alter the natural functions of the marsh.

The higher marsh types offer quality wildlife and waterfowl habitat
depending on the biological and physical conditions of the marsh. The vegeta-
tion diversity in the higher marshes usually supports a greater diversity
of wildlife types than the limited habitat of the low tidal marsh.
This marshland type also serves as an important deterrent to shoreline
erosion especially in those marshes containing heavily rooted species.
The dense system of rhizomes and roots of Juncus roemerianus are highly
resistant to erosion. In addition, the higher marshes are effective sediment
traps.

Appropriate land uses are those which function to preserve and manage the
marsh, so as to safeguard and perpetuate their biological, economic, and aesthetic
values. Highest priority shall be allocated to the conservation of existing marsh-
lands. Second priority for land uses allocation of this type shall be given to
development which requires water access and cannot function anywhere else, such as
prots, docks and marinas, provided that the actual location of such facilities
within the marsh considered coastal, physical and biological systems and further
provided-that feasible alternatives regarding location and design have been
adequate@y considered and need for such development can be demonstrated. Such
allocation may only be justified by the projected land use demands and by community
development objectives, but-in no case shall the allocation exceed the capacity of
the marshland system to sustain losses without harm to the estuarine ecosystem
unless the losses would be offset by a clear and substantial benefit to the public.

The marsh near Southport provides good clapper rail shooting but public hunting
opportunities for waterfowl in general are poor. Most waterfowl hunting is done on
private property along the Cape Fear River. Except for a few marsh areas along the
Cape Fear River and the coast and some swamp in the Waccamaw and Cape Fear River
basins, the development potential for waterfowl in the county is poor.

Estuari ne Waters

Estuarine waters are defined in G.S. 113-229 (n)(2) as, "all the waters
of the Atlantic Ocean within the boundary of North Carolina and all the waters
of the sounds, rivers, and tributaries thereto seaward of the dividing line
between---Coastal fishing waters and inland fishing waters, as set forth in an
agreement adopted by the Wildlife Resources Commission and the Department of
Conservation and Development filed with the Secretary of State entitled "Boundary
Lines, North Carolina Commercial Fishing - Inland Fishing Waters, revised
March 1, 1965."

Estuaries are among the most productive natural environments of North
Carolina. They not only support valuable commercial and sports fisheries,
but are also utilized for commercial navigation, recreation, and aesthetic
purpose-9-. Species dependent upon estuaries such as menhaden, shrimp, flounder,
oysters and crabs make up over 90% of the total value of North Carolina's
commercial catch. These species must spend all or some part of their life cycle
in the estuary. The high level of commercial and sport fisheries and the aesthetic
appeal of coastal North Carolina is dependent upon the protection and sustained
quality of our estaurine areas.

Appropriate uses are those which preserve and manage estuarine waters so
as to safeguard and perpetuate their biological, economic, and aethetic values.
Highest priority shall be allocated to the conservation of estuarine waters.
The development of navigational channels, the use of bulkheads to prevent erosion,
and the building of piers or wharfs where no other feasible alternative exists
are examples of land uses appropriate within estuarine waters, provided that such
land uses will not be detrimental' to the biological and physical estuarine functions
and public trust rights. Pro 'jects which would directly or indirectly block or
impair existing naviation channels, increase shoreline erosion, deposit spoils
below mean high tide, cause adverse water circulation patte-rns, violate water
quality standards or cause degradation of shellfish waters are generally con-
sidered incompatible with the management of estuarine waters.

Estuarine and River Erodible Areas

Estuarine and river erodible areas are natural hazard areas. They are
defined as the area above ordinary high water where excessive erosion has a
high probability of occurring. In delineating the landward extent of this
area, a @easonable 25-year recession line is determine using the best avail-
able information.

Appropriate land uses for this land include recreation, conservation, and
easements for access. Land uses that are not appropriate include permanent or
substantial residential, commercial, institutional, or industrial structures.
These uses should be discouraged in future development.

Areas Subject to P.ublic Rights

Areas subject to public rights are defined as areas such as waterways.and
lands uner or flowed by tidal waters or navigable waters, to which the public
may have rights of access or public trust rights and areas which the State of
North Carolina may be authorized to preserve, conserve, or portect under Article
XIV, Section 5, of the North Carolina Constitution. Appropriate land uses for
these areas are those which do not interfere with public rights of naviaation.
The development of navigational channels, drainage ditches, the use of bulkheads
to prevent erosion, and the building of piers or wharfs are examples of land uses
appropr-i,:ate within public trust waters provided that such land uses will not be
detrimen-tal to the biological and physical functions and public trust rights.
Projects which would directly or i!ndirectly block or impair existingnavigation
channels, increase shoreline erosion, deposit spoils below mean high tide, cause
adverse water circulation patterns, violate water quality standards, or cause
degradation of shellfish waters are generally considered incompatible with the
management of public trust waters.

Southport recognizes other environmentally fragile areas such as wooded
swanips-ftnd prime wildlife habitats particularly along Dutchman Creek and Price's
Creek. One notable scenic area is along the Cape Fear River west bank.

Development Standards Applicable to all AECs

No development should be allowed in any AEC which would result in a con-
travention or violation of any rules, regulations, or laws of the State of
North Carolina or of local government in which the development takes place.

No development should be allowed in any AEC which would have a substantial
likelihood of causing pollution of the waters of the State to the extent that
such waters would be closed to the taking of shellfish under standards set by
the Commission of Health Services pursuant to G.S. 130-169.01.

Archeological Sites

The Southport area also contains one know n archeological site, and it is
important to take note of its location in the planning process to insure it is
not adversely affected by new development.

Archeological resources are objects and/or areas made or modified by man and
the data-associated with these artifacts and features. These resources rest in or
on the ground. Any alteration of the land destroys the associated information and
endangers the artifacts themselves. Although most of the known archeological
sites in Brunswick County have not been evaluated for their significance, a
majority are suspected to have been temporary camp locations used by early Indians
for the purpose of shellfish harvesting. But until these sites can be properly
evaluated by a competent archeologist, care should be taken to preserve them.
However, archeological sites need not be a deterrent to development. The sig-
nificance of their location in the planning process is to encourage their evaluation
before any development is allowed to occur which might harm or destroy them. ,
The government requires all known archeological sites to be evaluated before con-
struction begins on any project financed in whole or part with State or Federal
money. Ideally, all sites should be evaluated before construction begins, regard-
less of the source of funding.

Historical sites

His-torical sites and areas are abundant in the Southport area. They too need
to be included in the planning process to avoid adverse effects of development which
may destroy the site or the significance of the site. Historical sites can be an
important asset in the community, especially for its tourist industry.

It is therefore recommended that the joint Southport - Brunswick County
Historic Preservation Commission renew their activity.to develop the means
necessary to protect these important historical resources.

Hi5-toric Sites are unique and non-renewable educational resources which
owe their importance to associations with American history, archeology, architecture
and culture of the past. These valuable resources constitute an integral part
of the human environment by showing-the integrity of past generations which in
turn develops a special character for Southport and Brunswick County.

The following list of historic places in the Southport area corresponds to
places designated on the Southport Fragile Areas map. The information was com-
piled from these sources: i"Jorth Carolina Division of Archives and History, County.
Historic Site Inventory; Brunswick County Historic Society; The Bald Head Island
Gazette, M.A. Pag@'@,Southport Scenic Driving Town," 1975; and Brunswick 7own
Historic Site Manager, 1972.

Southport Historic Sites

Fort Johnston - The Garrison
location - Bay Street
description - The Garrison housed his majesty's troops from
1745-1764; burned by Uhigs 1775, 'rebuilt in 1794-1809
present use residence of commanding officer of Sunny Point

St. Phillips_Episcopal Church

location - Courthouse Square
-description - first established in Brunswick Town in 1754; present
structure was erected in 1851; original furnishings are in evidence

Old Southport Cemetery

location - Moore Street
description - dates from 1760
present use - Southport landmark

Frying Pan Lightship

location - foot of Howe Street
description - ship guarded Fry Pan Shoals; built in 1929, replaced
in 1964 by light tower, given to Southport by United States Coast
Guard.
present use - Southport landmark

Brunswick County Courthouse

location - Courthouse Square on Moore Street
-description - third location but not the last, erected in 1842

Whittler's Bench

location - foot of Howe Street
description - orginally a Lombardy Poplar and two ancient gnarled
cedars formed popular shady spot for sailors and townspeople to
congregate.

Old Thompson House

location - Bay Street
description - example of widow's watch used to scan horizon for
returning ships or planning voyages; once owned by Captain Thomas
M. Thompson, who collected treasures from over the world; he was
also famous Civil War blockage runner
present use - private residence

Franklin_Square - "The Grove"

location - Howe Street
description - land bequeathed to town by Governor Benjamin Smith
for educational, fraternal, religious, and recreational purposes;
contains an old hand water p,ump

City Hall

description - stately colonial structure looks out upon Franklin
Square; built in 1904 by Masonic Lodge; it has functioned as a
school , American Legion Hut, community center and now seat of
Town Government

"Four Sisters"

description a rare arrangement of canopying giant live oaks
-hundreds of years old, directly behind City Hall

Pri,ces Creek Lighthouse

location - 2 miles north of Southport on Cape Fear River
description - brick runins largely intact built in 1849 as a
range light, taken over by South in 1861 used as telegraph
signal station; after Civil War abandoned; Pfizer, Inc. plans
to restore

Price-Davis Family Cemetery

location - West Street behind First Apostolic Church
description - secluded old burying ground

Indian Trial Tree - Keziah Park

location - corner of Moore and Lord Streets
-description - ancient and gnarled live oak is estimated to be
.,-'over 800 years old; Believed that Indians bent this tree marking
-route to fishing grounds reported in Ripley's Believe It or Not;
Named in honor of W. B. Keziah known as "Mr. Chamber of Commerce"

Old Southport Hospital

location - Atlantic Avenue and West Street
description - moved from North Bay Street sometime after Civil
War; used as first real hospital reported to be the oldest
remaining building in Southport prior to 1790's
present use - private residence

Bonnet's Creek

location - East Moore Street
description - Stede Bonnet, supposedly "Gentleman Private"
hid his vessel The Royal James, here; Bonnet's lady love lived
in Southport; she reportedly buried her diary here; this con-
troversial pirate was captured November 8, 1718 by Colonel
William Rhett, and died on the gallows with a handful of followers
in Charleston, South Carolina

Old Brunswick County Jail

location - S W corner Moore and Rheit streets
description - second oldest jail,in the state
built in 1865

Old Brunswick Inn (Arrington House)

location - Atlantic Avenue and Bay Street
-description - two story frameh6use, dating
from 1830 with Greek Revival exter ra-nd
.Anterior 6tails, considered hauntei@
__ pr-@ent use - private residence

Harper House

location - north corner of Bay and How streets
description - two story frame house, with square
pillars extending the full height of the first
and second floors

House - - - 111 Bay Street

location - Bay street
description - one story frame cottage with low hip
roof pierced with two interior chimneys

House - - - 115 Bay Street

location - West corner of Bay and Davis Streets
description - two story frame house with pedimented roof

Art Newton House (Bellamy Summer House)

location - west corner of Bay and Atlantic streets
description - two-and-one-half story frame house,
dating from about 1790, reportedly one of the oldest
houses in Southport.

Southport Baptist Church

location - corner of Howe and Nash streets
description - brick church built in 1871,
contains original furnishings

Annie May Woodside House

location - East Bay Street
description - two story frame house with Greek Revival interiors,
mid-nineteenth century.

Ruark House

location - corner of Nash and Lord streets
description - home of Robert Ruark author
of The Old Man and the Boy, a nostalgic
f_ OY
account o his own b hood in this house
of his paternal grandparents.

South2ort - Brunswick County Library

description - in early 1900's members of Southport woman's
club establsihed a reading room that was to become the nucleus
of the present day public library, completed in 1968.

Southport Boat Harbor

description - facility of State Ports Authority
present use - operates year-round to provide
marine services and supplies to the public

The Water front area of Southport is also known to contain'
structures of historic interest, which have not been specifically
identified.

PRINCIPLES AND STANDARDS
FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT

Depending on where a particular type of land use locates, it has economic,
environmental, safety, and convenience'a'-ffects on the surroundi.ng land and
society. For example, some locations are better for industrial uses than others.
In orde'r to provide for the most efficient and beneficial effect of a particular
development, principles and standards can be used to guide it's location.

A principle is a general idealized relationship between a land use and the
surrounding land and people. General principles relating to the location of
land uses customarily identify three major functional areas in the urban complex:
the work areas, the living areas, and the leisure time areas. Principles for
each of the above areas are outlined in the following pages.

Standards are specific measurement units used to quantify the terms appearing
in the statement of principles.

Standards are not absolute, but rather guides to be followed under average
circumstances. For each of the three principle categories (work, living, & leisure
time areas), standards are provided in several classes: environment; convenience;
security; and performance.

IR order to consistently and rationally review development proposals in and
around Southport, the Board of Aldermen will use the following principles and
standards. These principles and standards will form the basis of land use regula-
tions and suggested amendments to existing regulations will be judged in relation
with these statements.

In -the case that a proposed development or some aspect of a proposed develop-
ment is not covered by a law or ordinance, these principles and standards can be
used by city elected and appointed officials as a foundation for negotiation with
developers.

LIVING AREA - GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

Residences are normally the largest users of land in the urban community.
Most urban areas range from two-thirds to three-quarters developed for residential
purposes. In a few cases, the proportion may run to 90 percent or more.

In designating areas for residential development, it is desirable to think
in terms of whole neighborhoods and communities from the earliest stages of planning
as opposed to individual subdivisions and apartment developments. By so doing, we
can assure the proper relationship of residences to non-residential uses, and an
efficient street and utility network, minimizing the possibility of later disruption
of the residential environment for such things as major new roadways,or-unwarranted
changes, of land use.
Neighborhoods are primarily dev,oted to homes--single-family and multi--
family-- and residentially oriented uses such as churches, elementary schools,
neighborhood parks, and neighborhood shopping facilities. In their design, emphasis
should be placed on tying these elements together by a system of collector streets

and pedestrian ways. Neighborhoods should be bounded but not crossed by major
traffic arteries. Where possible, neighborhoods should be structured and
linked to each other by permanent open spaces - stream valley parks, sharp topo-
graphy, etc. The same general principles are true for the community: an inden-
tifiable system of neighborhoods linked to each other by the transportation
system and focused on the community center; bounded by major highways, landforms,
institutional uses. etc.

LIVING AREA PRINCIPLES

1. Residential communities should be located in areas that are not
extremely low, or poorly drained.

2. Where applicable, residential communities should locate in close
proximity to major thoroughfares and the transit system with
direct connections to work and leisure time areas. They should be
bounded but not penetrated by major streets and internally served
by a system of collector and service streets fitted to the terrain
with due consideration of drainage, sunlight, and scenic views.

3. Local shopping facilities should locate on sites adequate for shops,
accessory off-street parking and loading, and landscaping; convenient
to specific local tributary trade areas and accessible for receiving
goods.

A. Neighborhood-serving stores should locate within convenient
walking distance or driving distance (in low density areas),
with due consideration for pedestrian access and the amenity
of surrounding areas.

B. Community-serving shopping centers should locate on major
thoroughfares, at the intersection of a major crosstown
street, or toward the edge of tributary trade area, with
consideration for intergrated design of the center and
amenities of surrounding areas.

4. Schools should locate on reasonably level sites, adequate for buildings,
recreation facilities, and landscaping, and with due consideration of
the safety of children as well as the amenity of surroundings.

A. Upper-level schools should be within a convenient community
range.

B. Lower-level schools should be within walking distance of the
age groups served, except in low density areas where convenient
driving range rather than walking distance becomes-crucialL consi-
deratilon.
53r"----Churches should locate on reasonably level sites, adequate for parking
and landscaping, convenient to potential membership.

A. For neighborhood-serving churches, walking distance is important.
B For community -serving churches, accessibility to ri-iajor street
systems is important.

6. Playground and park areas should be located on reasonably level sites,
possibly in conjunction with schools, within easy walking distance of
age groups served (or within convenient driving range for low density
areas), and adequate for appropriate active recreation facilities and
for surrounding planted strips. Quiet parks should locate on steep,
level, or low sites and fingers of open space along water courses and
in low areas, intergrated with active and passive recreation areas and
the larger open space system of the city according to the opportunities
offered by the topography of the locale.

7. A range of choice in residential densities should exist, with high
densities in close proximity to permanent open space and nearest to the
thoroughfare and transit systems and community shopping centers.

8. Different housing types and densities should be located with considera-
tion of the potential for degredation of the environmentally sensitive
areas and areas of high natural value.

9. Low cost housing should be located throughout the city, with various
density levels available to low income persons in proximity to employ-
ment centers.

101.1 Residential development should be kept well away from airport approach
zones and "runup" areas because of:

A. Noise
B. Crash hazards
C. Likelihood of industrial growth near the airport.
Since all three of these are likely to exert a detrimental effect on
residences, the Federal Housing Administration will not insure home
mortgages within defined areas around airports where these factors are
present. Many conventional lending institutions now follow similar prac-
tices. Because locations near airports are extremely attractive to many
industries, there is no real problem in finding alternatives to residen-
tial use.

LIVING AREA STANDARDS

Definitions.
1. High Density Residential = 8 Dwelling units or above per acre.
2. Middle Density Residential = 2 to 7 Dwelling Units per acre.
3. Low Density Residential = 1 Dwelling Unit per acre or less.
4. Low-Low Density Residential = 1 Dwelling Unit per 2-5 acres.

Environmental Location Standards

1. Areas that are wooded and have interesting topography and views
should be utilized for residential purposes.

2. Low-Low Density Residential should be the only density development
in headwater areas of the water supply reservoirs.

3. All housing with a density greater than 1 dwelling per acre should
be served by a public sewerage system.

4. Low density housing utilizing on-site disposal methods for sewage
(septic systems) shall be located in areas with soils that have
a minimum perculation rat-P of 1" per hour and of general,ly we] I
established good permeability.

5. Construction,of new housing with density great enough to require
sewer line extensions shall be located in areas where the stormwater
run-off will not cause pollution of the water supply and the exten-
sion of line shall not cause an undue burden of public expenditures.
Environmental Performance Standards

1. Maximum percentage of lot covered by imprevious surface is to be
as follows:

a. Low-low Density Residential - 10%
b. Low Density Residential - 20%
c. Middle Density Residential -30%
d. High Density Residential - 30%

2. In construction of new housing, only those trees which are necessary
to remove for construction, should be removed.

Safety Standards

1. No housing should be located below a 100-year flood plain.
Housing which is located on a flood prone area shall be built
on stilts so that all habital space is above the, 100 year flood
elevation.

2. All housing should be located within four miles of a fire station.

3. Roads in middle density or greater residential areas longer than
800 feet should have at least two access points.

Convenience Standards

The table below indicates standards for the desirable time-distances from
residential areas to locations of various facilities.

Facility High Middle Low

Employment Centers 20 min. 30 mi'n. 45 min.
Central Business District 25 min. 40 min 60 min
11pal Shopping Center 10 min. 15 miln. 20 min
Elementary School 1-2 mile 11-, miles* 5 mil'es
Junior High School 1 mile 3 miles 10 miles
Senior High School 1 mile 4 mi ' les, 15 miles
Playgrounds and Local Parks 10 min 20 min.

SUPPORT STABILITY - POPULATION REQUIRED

The figures below represent the number of people required to support each
type of shopping facility for it to be viable in the community. These should
be taken into account when planning commercial development.

Local family shopping 1000-2500 people
Convenience Items 2500-3000 people
Neighborhood Shopping Center 7500-20,000 people
Community Shopping Ce'niter 20,000-100,000 people
Regional Shopping Center 100,000-250,000 people

STABILITY - LOCATION REINFORCEMENT

1. NEIGHBORHOOD SHOPPING CENTER OR STORE:

Stores or neighborhood shopping centers should locate in a non-competitive
position at least a 2 - mile distance from any competing tenter. Any condi-
tion promoting further commercial strip development should be eliminated.

2. COMMUNITY SHOPPING CENTER:
Community Shopping Centers should locate such that no competing center is
within 5 - 10 miles that draws on the same market population.

3. REGIONAL SHOPPING CENTER:

Regional Shopping Centers should locate such that no competing center is
within 10 - 25 miles that draws on same market population.

BASIC CONSIDERATIONS - REASONABLE SIZE

Local-Family Shopping 5 - 10,000 sq. ft. with 30-50% in storage

Neighborhood Shopping Center 5 acres for 7500 pop.; 20 acres for 20,000
POP-
Community Shopping Center 20 acres for 20,000 pop.
Regional Shopping Center 40 acres for 100,000 pop.
60 acres for 25,000 pop.

Definitions

Neighborhood Center 40,000 sq. ft. selling area
Community Center 100,000 to 300,000 sq. ft.
Regional Center One to Four major department stores.

REGIONAL SERVING BUSINESS AREA PRINCIPLES

1. In' eneral, regional serving business areas should locate near adjoining
traitit flows, central to their tributary trade areas.

2. The central business district should be located close to the peak flow of
vehicular and pedestrian traffic. Retail, professional, financial, and
related services should be conveniently accomodated and made easily accessible
to adequate parking, transit, and regional transportation services for clientel
and employee groups patronizing or working in the CBD.

Facility High Middle Low

Playfields and Recreation 10 min* ?0 min*
Centers
Public Park or Reservation 45 min. 45 min.
Regional Shopping Center 20 min. 30 min. 40 min.
Transit System Shop 5min. 20 min.
Major Thoroughfare 5min. 5 min. 20 min.

*It is assumed that because of the nature of the life style and private
amenities of low density housing-public parks, playgrounds, recreation
centers and public transits need not be provided by the government.

EDUCATION PLANNING STANDARDS

1. SIZE OFSCHOOL ENROLLMENT
Ultimate enrollment projected
77rooms needed average class size

Average class size = pupils/room for grades 1-6 (Set by N.C. Department of
Public Instruction):

Elementary 400-700
Ju6ior High School 500-1,200; optimum 700-1,000
Senior High School 500-1,800; optimum 700-1,500

2. Size of School Site

a. Elementary: (min) 20 acres and one additional acre/100 pupils
b. Junior High School (min) 20 acres and one additional acre/100 pupils
c. Senior High School: (minO 30 acres and one additional acre/100 pupils

3. Travel Distances - Service Radius

Vehicl (miles) Walking (miles)
Elementary -I, - 3/4 3/4
Junior High School 1 11-1 11-2
Senior High School 1-1, 2 2

4. Senior'High Schools are best placed near major thoroughfares because they
generate their own traffic and are accessible to the public for auditoriums,
stadiums, etc.

SOURCE: N.C. Department of Instruction

COMMERCIAL STANDARDS
TRANSPEWTATION-STANDARDS

1. Commercial areas should be located at the intersection of arterial streets,
with limited access, that is no less than 1300' from the intersection.
Additional lanes for access and egress traffic should be provided.

2. A 3/1 to 6/1 parking / sales area ratio should exist, with all parking within
400' maximum of magnet uses

3. Regional Business Centers:

A. Regional shopping centers should be located in two major arterials in
tributary trade area (50 - 100,000 families). The site should be
adequate to accomodate peak parking needs and a complete line of shop
and store types, eating and entertainment facilities, and branch business
and financial services sufficient fill several of a shopper's time (30
to 150 acres).

B. Satellite CBD centers (office parks, automobile sales and service centers,
Appliance centers,'*farmers market, service centers, etc.) should be
located on intersections or radial and circumferential arteries and on one
or more major transit routes with adequate parking and service areas.

C. Highway Service Centers should be located in outlying areas on major high-
way approaches to urban areas. Sites should be adequate for integrated
design of drive-in services and motel accomodations. Proper consideration
is given to highway safety, roadside beauty, and the general amenity of
adjoining uses.

4. The site must be physically suitable for development as one center internally
arranged or , where appropriate, in an integrated series of sub centers, with
consideration given to parks and other open spaces, approaches and general
amenity within the area and in adjoining use areas.
MANUFA@'TURING, WHOLESALE, AND RELATED USE AREA PRINCIPLES

1. In general, manufacturing, wholesale, and related use areas should be located.
on reasonably level land, preferrably with not more than 5 percent slope or
capable of being graded without undue expense. 1

2. A range of size and choice inclose - in fringe, and dispersed locations should
ex-ist.

A. Extensive manufacturing requires large open sites for modern one-story
buildings and accessory storage, loading and parking areas in fringe
and dispersed location. Usually, 5 acres is the minimum size. With
some sites 10, 25, 50, 100 or more acres, depending on the size of the
urban area and economic outlook for industrial development of extensive
lines of activity.

B. Intensice manufacturing requires a variety of sizes for modern one-
story buildings and accessory storage, loading, and parking areas in
close-in and fringe locations. Site size is usually under 5 acres.

3. Locations should have direct access to commercial transportation facilities.
Fringe and dispersed locations should have access to railroad, major trucking
routes, cargo and airports. A major portion of the sites should have access
to.koth railroad and trucking routes, while the rest at least have.access to
adjWning trucking throughfares.

4. Locations should be within easy commuting time of residential areas of labor
force and accessible to transit and major thoroughfare routes directly connected
with housing areas.

5. utilities at or near the site such as power, water, and' waste disposal
facilities should be available.

6. Proposed developments and locations in.the extra-terrirorial jurisdiction
should be compatible with surrounding uses, possibilities of protective
belts or open space, development of "industrial parks" and other factors
as amenity both with the manufacturing area and in relation to adjoining
lan*d uses.

INDUSTRIAL STANDARDS

Definitions of Den.sity Classes

Workers per Acre

Net Gross

Intensive 147 50
Intermediate 40 18
Extensive 18 6

ENVIRONMENTAL LOCATION STANDARDS

1. Location of industry, especially that which has a high possibility of pro-
r-. .
ducing non-point sources of pollution should not be near water courses or
the Cape Fear River unless control measures can be incorporated into the
design of the facility to limit runoff.

2. The location of polluting industries should be banned from airsheds of resi-
dential and central areas, space must be allocated for these industries where
they will do the least harm.

3. Buffer zones should be required between industry and neighboring residential
areas which effectively screen all negative effects such as noise, vibration,
etc.

TRANSPORTATION LOCATION STANDARDS

1. A site of 20 acres or more and employs over 800 persons per shift, needs
direct access onto arterial street. Under all other conditions, access should
be indirect via an industrial street.

2. Locations require short, fast and direct truck access via major or arterial
streets from service industries upon which the industry will depend.

3. Sites should be near sources of labor (residence areas) with specific emphasis
on-convenience for type employed. Maximize walk to work potential to reduce
pa@&Jng and travel demands.
T-
A. Industries which employ part time unskilled females or males primarily
should locate close to low-middle and low income housing areas, foster-
ing a walk-to-work pattern.

B. Industries which employ full time highly skilled technicians or
professionals should locate in convenient driving distance from middle
and upper-middle income residence areas.

GENERAL SITING CONSIDERATIONS

1. No'industrial sites should be less than 200 feet in depth.and 100 feet in width.
2. Railroads should be located at side or rear of Industrial property lines.
3. For industrial developments, off-street parking should be provided in accord
with the following schedule:

A. 1 space for each 1000 sq. ft. of warehouse floor area
B. 1 space for each 500 sq. ft. of manufacturing or research floor area
C. 1 space for each 400 sq. ft. of office floor area

GENERAL SITE DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS

Minimum Front Minimum side and Bilding
Industry Type Yard Setback Rear Yard Setback Coverage

Warehousing and
General Industry 25 feet 10 feet 700%
Ne@ghborhood Industry,
Prestige Industry 100 feet 100 feet 25%
Nuclear, Explosive or
Erosive Industry 2000 feet 2000 feet 10%

TRAFFIC GENERATION

Average trip generations have been established for different types of indus-
tries. These are presented in the Industrial Traffic Generation table on the
following page. When planning industrial locations and devleopment, such standards
should-be considered for estimating impacts the development may have on the trans-
portation system in the area as well as the safety of area citizens.

INDUSTRIAL TRAFFIC GENERATION
Density Range Typical Range Typical
Land Use (Employees/ Acre) (Number/Acr6,, (Number/1000 square feet floor)

Highly automated
industry ................ 5 2.8 4 0.2-1.0 0.6
low employee density
(refinery, warefiouse)

Light service industry ... 5-20 6-30 16 1.4-1.2 0.8
Single-lot industry
(lumber yard)

Industrial tract ......... 20-100 30-160 70 0.6-4.0 2.0
(5 acres)
(machinery factory)

Office campus .......... 100 150-2dO 170 3.8 4
research & development
(research industry)

Mixed central industry.. varies 10-200 1.4

Population Projections

IA order to better understand population trends. Past population and
current estimates are summarized below. Population change is the result of
birth, deaths and migration. Migration is the most difficult variable to
predict because it is subject to so many outside factors.

Under the past population count we see that the City of Southport percent
increase from 1930 to 1970 has been less than either Smithville Township or
Brunswick County. It should also be noted that Southport from 1930 to 1970
has represented an average 9.8 percent of the county's total population.
(See table of Historic Population).

Due to Southport's small size and lack of a data base, it is necessary
to discuss population changes at the County level.

The first Census of Brunswick County was taken in 1790, and listed a
population of 3,071., From 1790 through 1900, each ten year Census period
had a population increase of 140/10 or more with two exceptions, 1830 to 1840
and 1860 to 1870. Since 1910, the percentage growth has been 80% or less
except-:in the 1940-1950 and the 1960-1970 decades. The growth has been
47.1% from 1970 to 1975. The growth from 1975-1980 was 7.0%. Below is
the County's most recent population change data.

BRUNSWICK COUNTY POPULATION CHANGE
1960 1980
Year Population (From) Percentage Change
1960 29,278 1,040 (1050) 5.4
1970 24,223 3,945 19.5
1975 35,621 11,398 47.1

1980 38,100 2,479 7.0

Source: 1960, 1970, U.S. Census
1975, 1980, N.C. Department of Administration

Population projections for Southport and Brunswick County have been calculated
to the year 2000. These are based on data reported in the 1970 U.S. Census and
are taken from different sources. The projections are presented in the following
table.

SOUTHPORT POPULATION PROJECTIONS

Brunswick Southport
Year County Permanent

1970 24,223 (1) 2220 (3)
1974 32,200 (5) 2900 (3)
1980 38,100 (.1 ) 3136 (3)
1985 51,200 (1) 3641 (3)
1990 64,300 (1) 4145 (3)
2000 78,000 (2) 5341 (3)

Source:

1. N.C. Department of Administration, 1980
2. Cape Fear C. 0. G., 1980
3. The SOUTHPORT LAND USE PLAN, 1976
4. -Co-ns-oer, Townsend & Associates, SOUTHEASTERN BRUNSWICK
COUNTY FACILITIES PLAN, September, 1978
5. Offices of State Budget and Management, 1980.

Holding Capacity

T@e holding capacity of a planning district refers to the ability of the
.naturai and man-made systems of an area to support the demands of various land
uses. It refers to inherent limits in the systems beyond which change cannot
be absorbed without resulting in instability, degradation, or irreversible
damage.

Residentially speaking, theholdling capacity of a planning district is
the number of dwelling units the vacant and renewal land in the planning dis-
trict will accommodate to a prescribed pattern of residential densities.

The basic elements used in determining holding capacity are projected
population increases during the planning period, existing and proposed urban
water & sewerage facilities, future planned development, institutional and
organizational constraints, transportation systems, vunerable habitats,
acquifer recharge zones, air and water quality standards establsihed by the
EPA, engery supplies, man-made hazard areas and archeological and historical
sites.

1,16asurement techniques for holding capacity are necessarily dynamic
rather-than static. Measurement is based upon current existing and proposed
holding capacity elements. In the future these elements may change and thus
alter the holding capacity of the planning area. Changes in the elements may
be brought about by technogical advances, economic fluctuations, energy crises,
new life style attitudes, and institutional changes. However, major changes
are not brought about in very short time spans. The holding capacity analysis
is under review every five years and should therefore keep up with all element
changes that have occurred. Because of this, and because the following holding
capac+ty analysis is based upon all current element trends, the resultant land
use projections are thought to be rather accurate.

The result of a holding capacity analysis is aLand Use Design Map for
1990. Placement of proposed land uses, such as residential, are accurate
only in their adherence to suitability and policy-criteria. Regardless ' the
result is a farily accurate representation of future densities and land use
compatability relationships. The Land Use Design Map for Southport revealed
the need of the City of plan for expansion of facilities to meet projected
growth.

Following in this relationship, the Land Use Design Map is an instrumental
factor in the determination of the Land Classification Map for 1990.
The Land Classification Map is one of the most importanttOOls of federal,
state, and local level planning for land use related issues. Therefore, it
is obvious that the holding capacity analysis is a valuable element in the
development of The Southport Land Use Plan.

The following chart is the result of the holding capacity analysis process.
The actual process is presented in outline form in the appendix.

Southport Holding Capacity Summary

New 1990 New 1990 Acreage Total 1990
Land Use Units Requirement Total 1990 Units Acreage

Single family
Residential 355 161.36 1317 599.61

Mul ti -f ami ly
Residential 7 1.39 49 9.73

Mobile Homes 12 2.70 77 17.35

Commercial 27 39.00 112 161.38

Industry 0 0 2 705.47

Office 8 5.04 33 20.76

Recreation 2 2.26 9 10.16

Transportation,
communi cati on,
and utilities N/A N/A 12 518.12

Public Institution 9 7.65 38 32.29

Private Institution 1 2.31 5 11.53

Agriculture, Forestry,
and Fisheries -12.26 8 1059.35

Subtotal 422 222.45 1662 3158.75

Undeveloped N/A 0 N/A 481.85

Total 422 222.45 -T6-62- 3640.60

One forestry unit was decreased by 13 acres while one fishery unit of .74
acre was added.

SOUTHPORT

HOLDING CAPACITY APPENDIX

.rl -

i @Q

-@W-

Southport Holding Capacity

Part I: Residential Land Use

I. Residential Existing Land Use

A. Summary Existing Stock of Dwelling Units

On Southport there are approximately 962 permanent single
family dwelling units, 42 permanent multi-family, and 65
mobile home units.

B. Summary of Existing Acreages in Residential Use in Southport

In Southport there are approximately 438.25 acres in permanent
single family use, 8.34 acres in permanent multi-family use, and
14.65 acres in mobile home use.

C. Summary of Prevailing Net Densities

Residential Total Average Acreage
Category Number of Units Acreage Per Unit

Permanent
single family 9.62 438.25 .46

Permanent
multi-family 42 8.34 .20

Mobile Homes 65 14.65 .23

Total 1069 461.24 .43

--Density Calculation

Total Acreage Average Acreage
A-pproximate Number Per Unit
or units

Southport Population Data

Year Permanent

1980 3136
1990 4145

Average Household Size Calculation

Total 1980 Permanent Population Average Permanent Household
Total-Permanent Units* Size

3136 Permanent Residents 2.93 Average Permanent
1069 Permanent Units Household Size

All of Southports Residential are to be considered permanent.

2) RESIDENTIAL PERCENTAGE S

Acreage in Residential subcategory
Residential Subcategory acreage as a percentage
Total acres in Residential use of total developed acreage

438.25 acres in permanent
single family use .9501561
.461.24 total acres in residential use

The permanent single family land use is 95.02% of the total residential
acreage of Southport.

8.34 acres in permanent multi-family use
461.24 total acres in residential use .180816

The permanent multi family land use is 1.81% of the total residential
acreage of Southoort.

14.65 acres in mobile home use .0317622
461.24 total acreage iF-residen ial use

The mobile home land use is 3.18% of the total residential acreage of
Southport.

II. Estimate of Future Residential Needs

Assumptions:

-1. The average permanent and seasonal household sizes
- are assumed to remain constant through 1990.
Z. The average acreages per unit for all residential
subcategories are assumed to remain constant through 1990.

3. The relative residential percentages given in I.C. are
assumed to remain constant thorugh 1990.

A) Household Size Assumptions
By applying the present average household size to the present
population and the assumed future household size to the estimated future
population, the difference between these two results provides a crude
unadjusted estimate of the total new dwelling unit requirements.
Ct--culatibns:
(1) present permanent Existing number of permanent
Population - dwelling units
present permanent
average household size

3136 existing permanent residents
2.93 existina permanent residents 1069 existing permanent
@V per household residential units

estimated 1990 permanent projected number of permanent
population dwelling units for 1990
assumed permanent average
household size for 1990

4145 estimated permanent 1415 projected number of
residents for 1990 permanent dwelling units
2.93 assumed average for 1990
household size for 1990

Projected number of permanent Existing number of permanent
dwelling units for 1990 dwelling units

Unadjusted estimate of the total new
permanent dwelling units required for 1990

1415 projected permanent 1069 existing permanent
dwelling units needed for 1990 dwelling units

An unadjusted estimate of 346 total new
permanent dwelling unit for 1990

The total 1990 permanent dwelling unit requirement is 346.

B. Assumptions of Dwelling Unit Losses

There has been an annual average of 16 dwelling units lost by
fire during the past five year period in Southport. This figure
is 1.5% of the existing permanent dwelling units. This percentage
applied to the 1990 figure of 1415 D.U. results in 21 units lost by
fire. Therefore, the total permanent need for 1990 is increased by
this amount. The new figure, the adjusted estimate of permanent
dwelling unit need for 1990 is 367. The vacancy rate will further
adjust this figure in the following section C.

C. Vacancy Rate Assumptions

Estimates of dwelling unit replacements to cover the residential
loses by fire were tallied above in section B. The final cumulative
totals of permanent and seasonal estimated dwelling unit requirements
for 1990 are increased to make allowance for a normal vacancy rate.
An estimated vacancy rate of 2% is applied to the figures os 346 for
permanent dwelling unit need. The result of 7 units is then added
to the adjusted estimate of 367.

The 1970 Census of Population and housing

The residential percentages from I.C.) are then applied to the total
estimate of 374 for the breakdown of the permanent category. The re-
sult of this is:

Permanent single family .9502 X 374 = 355
Permanent multi-family .0181 X 374 = 7
Mobile Homes .0318 X 374 = 12
Total 1.00 X 374 = T74

A. Holding Capacity Analysis

1. The most developable vacant, platted areas of Southport will
be used for the Land Design Map of 1990. In these areas the streets
already exist, so no allowance shall be made for them in the pro-
jected acreage needs of 1990.

Residential Net Density Table

Total Net dwelling units
Land Use Number of Units Acreage Density (Per Acre)

Permanent
!@ingle family 962 438.25 2.20

Permanent
multi-family 42 8.34 5.04

Mobile homes 65 14.65
4.44
Total 1069 461.24 2.32

Total Residential Acreage Requirements
For 1990

Unit Projected 1990
Land Use Projected 1990 Need Net Density Acreage Need

Permanent
single family 355 2.20 161.36

Permanent
multi-family 7 5.04 1.39

Mobi-le homes 12 4.44 2.70
Vt a 1 374 2.26 165.45

4. When distributing new dwelling units, priority is given to these
areas with the following characteristics:

Existing platted areas
Existing accessibility to streets

� Within the existing pattern of development as determined
from the 1975-1980 building permit records
� Existing and proposed facilities available.
� Existing historical and/or archeological sites are
not present
� The soils are suitable for bearing capacity and a
septic tank if no sewerage facilities are presently
available.
� No conflict of-use with adjoining and nearby properties.
� The Zoning Ordinance, The Subdivision Ordinance, and the
Flood Prevention Ordinance and consistent with and favor-
able to the dwelling unit placement.

5. Refer to the Southport Land Use Deisgn Map for the resulting
proposed allocation of permanent single family, permanent
multi-family, and mobile home residential uses for 1990.

Part 11: Commercial Land Use
I. Existing Commercial Land Use

.A. Summary of Existing Stock of Commercial Units

In Southport there are 85 existing commercial units

B. Summary of Existing Acreage in Commercial Use.

In Southport there are approximately 122.38 acres
in commercial use.

C. Summary of Prevailing Net Densities

1. Total existing commercial acreage Existing average
Total existing commercial units commercial acreage
per unit

122.38 Existing commercial acres 1.44 existing average
85 Existing commercial units commercial acreage
per unit

2. Total existing commercial acreaqe Existing commercial
Total existing developed acreage acreage as a percentage
of total existing
developed acreage.

122.38 Existing commercial acres .0416783
2M6.30 Total existing developed acreage

The total existing commercial land use is 4.17% of the total
existing developed acreage.

3. Total existinT commercial units Existing commercial
To-tal existing population units per capita

85 Total existinq commercial units .027
3136 Total existing population

There are presently .027 commercial units per capita in Southport.

II. Estimate of Future Development

Assumptions:

1. The commercial units per capita are assumed to
remain constant through 1990.
2. The average commercial acreage per unit is assumed
to remain constant through 1990.

A. Applied per capita assumptions

By applying the present average per capita sizes to the present
population and the assumed future per capita size to the estimated
future population, the difference between these two results provides a
crude unadjusted estimate of the total new commercial unit requirements.

Calculations:

.T')- Existing population
X Existing number of commercial units
Existing commercial units
per permanent capita

3136 existing permanent population
X 85 existing commercial unit
.027 existing commercial units per capita

-2) projected 1990 permanent population
X = projected number of
existing commercial units per capits commercial units for 1990

4145 projected 1990 permanent population
X = 112 projected commercial
.027 existing commercial units per permanent units for 1990
capita

3) 112 projected commercial units for 1990 85 existing commercial
units.
27 total new commercial
units needed for 1990

Assu-mptions of Commercial Unit Losses

A fire loss percentage cannot be applied to the estimate of 1990
commercial unit need and because of the unavailability of information
on commercial fire loss and the trend of the information that is avail-
able to indicate a large majority of residential fire loss.

C. Vacancy.,.Rate Assumptions

A vacancy rate percentage cannot be applied to the estima-ke
of 1990 commercial unit need because the available information
applies to residential units only.

3. Fitting Space Needs to Land Supply

A. Holding Capacity Analysis

1. The most developable vacant, platted areas of Southport
will be used for the Land Design Map of 1990. In these
areas the streets already exist, so no allowance shall
be made for them in the projected acreage needs of 1990.

Commercial Net Density Table

Total Net (Units)
Land Use Number of Units Acreage Density (Per Acre)

Couji-ne rc i a 1 85 122.38 .69

3. Total Commercial Acreage Requirement For 1990

Projected 1990 Unit Projected 1990
Land (Ise Unit Need Net Density Acreage Need

Commercial 27 .69 39.00

4. Distribution Criteria

When dis'tributing new commercial units, priority is given to
those areas with the following,characteristics:

Existing platted areas
Existing accessibility to streets
Within the existing pattern of
development as determined from the
1975-1980 building permit records
Existing and proposed facilities available.
Existing historical and/or archeological
sites are not present
The soils are suitable for bearing capacity
and a septic tank if no sewerage facilities
are presently available.
No conflict of use with adjoining and
nearby properties.
The Zoning Ordinance, The Subdivision
Ordinance, and the Flood Prevention
Ordinance are consistent with and
fivorable to the unit placement.

5. Refer to the Southport Land Use Design Map for the resulting
proposed allocation of commercial use for 1990.

Part III: Industrial Land Use

I. Existing industrial land use

A. Summary of existing stock of commercial units.

In Southport there are 2 existing industrial units

B. Summary of existing acreage in industrial use

In Southport there are approximately 705.47 acres
in industrial use.

C. Summary of Prevailing Net Densities

1. Total existing industrial acreage Existing average industrial
Total existing industrial units acreage per unit

- 705.47 existing industrial acres 352.74 existing average
2 existing commercial units industrial acreage per unit

2. Total existing industrial acreage Existing industrial acreage
Total existing developed acreage as a percentage of total
existing developed acreage

705.47 existing commercial acres .2402581
2936.30 total existing developed acreage

II. Estimate of Future Development

Within the past five years the industrial development of Southport
has claimed a significant amount of acreage. This has been due to the
development of the Pfizer Chemical Co. in Southport's extraterritorial
jurisdiction.

The estimate of future industrial development cannot be based
upon the units per capita ratio used for residential as well as
various other land uses. There are many variables which interact
to determine the estimate of future industrial development need.
Zoning, land use policy statements, existing facilities, environmental
impact, physical suitability permit acquisitions, and property
@.V---Ownership are several of these variables. 'The development of an
,industry is a difficult process which usually must begin several
years in advance.

Southport at this time has no industrial development planned.
It is also the opinion of the Brunswick County Planning Department
that Southport could not physically support another industry the
size of Pfizer due to their limited extraterritorial space, physical
tharacteristics of the land, and the existing facilities.

It is for this reason that no future industrial development is being
projected for 1990. However, to allow for an error in this many -
variabled projection, the Southport Land Classification Map shall
allow for possible industrial development through the use of the
Transitional Mixed Use Category. The purpose of this category is
to provide for those areas which are expected to be intensely de-
veloped within the next ten years and which have or will have public
facilities (minimum of water and sewer). The uses within this
category may be one of several types, i.e., residential, commercial,
office, recreational, industrial, etc. . The final determination
is made by the municipality via their Land Use regulations. Also
used will be the developed mixed use category.
I

Part IV: Office Land Use
1. Existing Office Land Use

A. Summary of existing stock of office units

In Southport there are 25 existing office units.

B. Summary of Existing Acreage in Office Use

In Southport there are approximately 15.72 acres in
15.72 acres in office use

C. Summary of Prevailing Net Densities

1. Total existing office acreage Existing average office
Total existing office units acreage per unit

15.72 Existing office acres .63 Existing average office
25 Existing office units acreage per unit

2. Total existing office acreaqe Existing office acreage
T-otal existing developed acreage as a percentage of total
existing developed acreage

15.72 existing commercial acres .0053536
2936.3 Total existing developed acreage

The total existing office land use is .54% of the total existing
developed acreage.

3. Total existing office units Existing office units
Total existilng population per capita

25'total existing office units .008
3136 total existing population

There are presently .008 office units per capita in Southport.

11. Estimate of Future Development

Assumptions:

(1) The office units per capita are assumed
to remain constant through 1990.
(2) The average office acreage per unit
is assumed to remain constant through 1990

A. Applied Per Capita Assumptions

By applying the present average per capita sizes to the
present population and the assumed future per capita size to
the estimated future population, the difference.between these
two results provides a crude unadjusted estimate of the total
new office unit requirements.

Calculations:

(1) Existing population Existing number of
X office units
Existing office units per capita

3136 existing permanent population
X 25 existing commercial units
.008 existing commercial units per
permanent capita

(2) projected 1990 population Projected number of
X office units for 1990
existing office units per capita

4145 projected 1990 population Total of 33 projected
X office units for 1990
.008 existing commercial units per
permanent capita
(3) 33 projected office units for 1990 25 existing office units

8 total new office units needed for 1990.

B. Assumptions of Office Unit losses

A fire loss percentage cannot be applied to the estimate of 1990

office unit need because this information is not cornple-+e and from

inspection of the information that is available, it would appear that

the vast majority of fire losses were residential.

C. Vacancy Rate Assumptions

A vacancy rate percentage cannot be applie d to the estimate of 1990

office need because this information is available only in residential

te rms.

3. Fitting Space needs to Land Supply

A. Holding Capacity Analysis

1. The most developable vacant platted areas of Southport, will be
used for the land design map of 1990. In these areas, the streets
already exist, so no allowance shall be made for them in the
projected acreage needs of 1990.

2. Office Net Density Table

Total Net (Unit per)
Land Use Number of Units Acreage Density acre

Office 25 15.72 1.59

-3. Total Office Acreage Requirement for 1990

Projected 1990 Net Projected 1990
Land Use Unit Need Density Acreage Need

Office 8 1.59 5.04

4. Distribution Criteria

When distributing new office units, priority is given to those

areas with the following characteristics:

Existing platted areas
Existing accessibility to streets
'within the
Existing pattern of development as determined from the
1975-1980 building permit records
Existing and proposed facilities available
Existing historical and/or archeological sites are not present

The soils are suitable for bearing capacity and a
septic tank if no sewerage facilities are presently
available *
No conflict of use with adjoining and nearby properties.
The Zoning Ordinance, the Subdivision Ordinance, and the
Flood Prevention Ordinance are consistent with and favor-
able to the unit placement.

5. Refer to the Southport Land Use Design Map for the resulting

proposed allocation of use for 1990 office.

Part V: Recreational Land Use

I. Existing Recreational Land Use

A. Summary of existing stock of Recreational units

In Southport there are seven existing recreational units.

B. Summary of existing acreage in recreational use

In Southport there are approximately 7.90 acres in recreational use.

C.T1 Summary of Prevailing net densities

1. Total existing Existing average
recreational acreage recreational
T a] existing acreage per
recreational units unit

7.90 existing 1,13 existing
recreational acres average recreational
7 existing acreage
recreational units per unit

2. Total existing Existing recreational
recreational acreage acreage as a percentage
Total existing of total existing
developed acreage developed acreage

7.90 Existing recreational acres .0026904
2936.30 Total existing developed acreage

The total existing recreational land use is .27% of the total
existing developed acreage.

-3. Total existing recreational units Existing units
Tot4l existing population per capita

7 total existing recreational units .0022
3136 total existing population

There are presently .0022 recreational units per capita in Southport.

Estimate of future development

Assumptions:

1. The recreational units per capita are assumed to remain constant
through 1990.

2. The average recreational acreage per unit is assumed to remain
. constant through 1990

A. Applied per capita assumptions

By applying the present average per capita sizes to the present

population and the assumed future per capita size to the estimated

future population, the difference between these two results provides

a crude unadjusted estimate of the total new recreational unit re-

quirements.

Cal cu 1 ati ons

1. Existing population Existing number
- X of
Existing recreational Recreational
units per capita units

3,136 existing population Existing
X Recreati onal
.0022 existing recreational Units
units per capita

2. Projected 1990 population projected number
X of
Existing recreational units recreational units
per capita for 1990

4145 projected 1990 population 9 projected
X recreati onal
.0022 existing recreational units for
units per capita 1990

3. 9 projected re creational 7 existing 72 total new
units for 1990 - recreational units recreational units
needed for 1990
B._ Assumptions of Recreational unit losses

Southport has not lost any recreational units by fire over the past

five years. Therefore, a fire loss percentage cannot be applied to the

estimate of 1990 recreational unit need.

C. Vacancy Rate_Assumptions

Southport has not had any recreational units vacated over

the past five years. Therefore, a vacancy rate percentage cannot

be applied to the estimate of 1990 recreational unit need.

3. Fitting Space needs to-Land Supply

A. Holding capacity Analysis

1. The most developable vacant, platted areas of Southport will be
used for the Land Design Map of 1990. In these areas, the
streets already exist, so no allowance shall be made for them
in the projected acreage needs of 1990.

2. Commercial Net Density Table

Total Net (unit)
Land Use Number of Units Acreag Densi (per )
(acre)
Recreational 7 7.90 .886

-3. Total Commercial Acreage Requirement for 1990

Projected 1990 Unit Projected 1990
Land Use Unit needed Net Density Acreage needed

Recreational 2 .886 2.26

4. Distribution Criteria

When distributing new Recreational units, priority is given to

those areas with the following characteristics:

Existing platted areas
Existing accessibility to streets
within the
Existing pattern of development as determined from the 1970-
1980 building permit records.
Existing and proposed facilities available
Existing historical and/or archeological sites are not present.
The soils are suitable for bearing capacity and a septic tank
if no sewerage facilities are presently available.
No conflict of use with adjoining and nearby properties.
The Zoning Ordinance, the Subdivision Ordinance, and the Flood
Prevention Ordinance are consistent with and favorable to the
unit placement.

5. Refer to the Southport Land Use Design Map for the resulting

proposed allocation of recreational use for 1990.

Part VI: Public Institutional Land Use (P.I.)

I. Existing P.I. Land use

A. A summary of existing stock of P.I. units.

In Southport, there are 29 existing P.I. Units.

B. 'Summary of existing acreage in P.I. Use

In Southport, there are approximately 24.64 acres in P.I. use.

C.1.Summary of prevailing Net Densities

Total existing P.I. Acreage Existing average P.I.
Total existing P.I. units Acreage per unit

24.64 existing P.I. acres .85 existing average P.I.
29 existing commercial unit-s Acreage per unit

2.Total existing P.I. acreage Existing P.I. acreage as a percen-
Total existing developed acreage tage of total existing developed
acreage.

2-4.64 existing P.I.acres .0084
2936.30 total existing developed acreage.

The total existing P.I. Land Use is .0084% of the total existing

developed acreage.

3.Total existing P.I. Units = Existing P.I. Units
Total existing population per capita

29 total existing P.I. Units .0092
3136 total existing population

There are presently .009 P.I. Units per capita in Southport.

II. Estimate of future development

Assumptions:

1. The P.I. Units per capita are assumed to remain constant through 1990.

2. The average P.I. acreage per unit is assumed to remain constant
through 1990.

A.*--Applied per capita Assumptions

By applying the present average per capita sizes to the present

population and the assumed future per capita size to the estimated

future population, the difference between these two results provides a

crude unadjusted estimate of the total new P.I. unit requirements.

Calculations:

1. Existing population Existing
X Number of
Existing units per capita P.I. Units

3136 Existing population
X 29 existing P.I. units
.0092 Existing P.I. units per capita

2. Projected 1990 population Projected
X number of
Existing P.I. units per capita units for 1990

4145 Projected 1990 population 38 Projected
X P.I. units
.0092 existing P.I. Units per capita for 1990

3. 38 projected 29 existing 9 Total new units
-P.I. units for 1990 P.I. units needed for 1990.

Net Density Table
Total Net
Land Use Number of Units Acreage Density (unit per acre)

Public Institutional 29 24.64 1.18

Total P.I. Acreage Requirement for 1990

ProJected 1990 Unit Projected 1990
Land Use Unit Needed Net Density Acreage Needed

Public
Institutional 9 1.18 7.65

4. Distribution Criteria

When distributing new P.I. units, priority is given to those

areas with the following characteristics:

Existing platted areas
Existing accessibility to streets
within the
Existing pattern of development as determined from
the 1975-1980 building permit records
Existing and proposed facilities available
Existing historical and/or archeological sites
are not present

The soils are suitable for bearing capacity and a
septic tankif no sewerage facilities are presently
available
No conflict of use with adjoining and nearby properties.
The Zoning Ordinance, The Suvdivision Ordinance, and the
Flood Prevention Ordinance are consistent with and
favorable to the unit placement.

5. Refer to the Southport Land @Use Design Map for the resulting

proposed allocation of P.I use for 1990.

B. Assumptions of P.I. Unit losses

Southport has not lost any unit by fire over the past five years.

Therefore, a fire loss percentage cannot be applied to the estimate of

1990 unit need.

C. Vacancy Rate Assumptions

Southport has not had any P.I. units vacated over the past five years,

Th6re-fore, a vacancy rate percentage cannot be applied to the estimate of

1990 P.I. unit need.

3. Fitting Space needs to Land Supply.

A. Holding Capacity analysis

1.The most developable vacant platted areas of Southport will be used
for the Land Design Map of 1990. In these areas the s ,treets already
exist, so no allowance shall be made for them in the projected acre-
age needs of 1990.

Part VII: Private Institutional Land Use (Pr. I.)

I. Existing Pr.I. Land Use

A. Summary of Pr. I. existing stock of units

In Southport, there are approximately 9.22 acres in Pr. I. use.

C. Summary of Prevailing net densities.

:V1. Total existing Pr. I. Acreage Existing average Pr. I.
Total existing Pr. 1. units Acreage Per Unit

9.22 existing Pr. I Acreage 2.31 existing average
4 existing Pr. I. units acreage per unit

2. Total existing Pr. I.acreage Existing Pr.. I. acreage as a
Total existing developed percentage of total existing developed
acreage acreage.

9.22 existing Pr. .I acres .00314
2936.3 Total existing
developed acreage

The total existing Pr. I. Land Use is .314% of the total existing
developed acreage.

3. Total existing Pr. I units = Existing Pr. I.
Total existing population units per capita

4 total existing.Pr. 1. units = .0013
3136 total existing population

There are presently .0013 Pr. I. units per capita in Southport.

II. Estimate of Future Development.

Assumptions

1. The Pr. I. units per capita are assumed to remain constant through
1990.

2. The average Pr. I. acreage per unit is assumed to remain constant
through 1990.

A.r"Applied per capita assumptions

By applying the present average per capita sizes to the present

population and the assumed future per capita size to the estimated

future population, -the difference between these two results provides

a crude unadjusted estimate of the total new unit requirements.

Calculations:

1. Existing population Existing
X Number
Existing Pr. Lunits of
per capita Pr. I. units

3136 existing permanent population 4 existing
X Pr. 1.
.0013 existing Pr. 1. Units units
per capita per capita'.

2. Projected 1990 population Projected
X number of
Assumed Pr. I. units per capita Pr. I. units for 1990

4145 projected 1990 permanent population 5 projected
X Pr. I. units
.0013 assumed Pr. 1. units per capita for 1990

3. 5-1projected 1 total new
Pr.J. units 4 existing Pr. I. units
for 1990 Pr. I. units needed for 1990

B. Assumptions of Pr. I. unit losses

Southport has not'lost any Pr. Lunits by fire over the

past five years. Therefore, a fire loss percentage cannot be

applied to the estimate of 1990 Pr. I unit need.

C. Vacancy Rate assumptions

Southport has not had any Pr. I units vacated over the

past five years. Therefore, a vacancy rate percentage cannot

be applied to the estimate of 1990 Pr. I. unit need.

3. Fitting Space Needs to Land Supply

.A. Holdina capacity analysis

1. The most developable vacant, platted areas of Southport,
W-11 be used for the LanJ Design Map of 1990. In these
areas the streets already exist, so no allowance shall
be made for them in the projected acreage needs of 1990.

2. Pr. 1. net density tabie
Total Net (Units Per)
Land Use No. of Units Acreage Density Acre

Pr. 1 4 9.22 .4338

3. Total Pr. Inst. acreage requirement for 1990

Projected 1990 Unit projected 199C
Land Use Unit Need Net Density Acreage need

Pr. I 1 .4338 2.31

4. Distribution Criteria

When distributing new Pr. I. units, priority is given to
those areas with the following characteristics:

. Existing platted areas
. Existing accessibility to streets
. Within the pattern of development as determined
from the 1975-1980 building permit records

Existing and proposed facilities available
Existing historical and/or archeological sets are not
present
The soils are suitable for bearing capacity and a septic
tank if no sewerage facilities are presently available.
No conflict of use with adjoining and nearby properties.
The Zoning Ordinance, The Subdivision Ordinance, and The
Flood Prevention Ordinance are consistent with and
favorable to the unit placement.

5. Refer to the Southport Land Use Design Map for the resulting

proposed allocation of commercial use for 1990.

Part VIII: Agricultural, forestry, and fisheries Land Use (A.F.F.)

I. Existing A.F.F. Land Use (51)

A. Summary of Existing Stock of A.F.F. units

In Southport, there are 7 existing A.F.F. units

B. Summary of existing acreage in A.F.F. use.

In Southport there are approximately 1071.61 acres in A.F.F. use.

C. Summary of prevailing net densities

1. Total existing A.F.F. acreage Existing average A.F.F.
Total existing A.F.F. units Acreage per unit

1071.61 existing A.F.F. acres 153.09 existing average
7 existing A.F.F. Units A.F.F. acreage per unit

2. Total existing acreage Existing A.F.F. acreage as
Total existing developed a percentage of total existing
acreage developed acreage acres

1071.61 existing A.F.F. acres .3649524
2936.30 Total existing developed
acreage

II. Estimate of Future Development

Within the past five years, the Agriculture and Forestry acreage of

Southport has decreased significantly due to the development of CP&L and
Pfi!-r Chemical Co. within Southports planning jurisdiction

The estimate of future agricultural, forestry, and fisheries needs

or losses cannot be based upon the units per capita ratio used for

residential as well as various other land uses. lhere.are many

variables which interact to determine the estimate of future need.

To apply a past decrease percentage to this category would be an

error. The future decrease of Southport's forested acreage will

depend heavily upon their pattern of industrial, commercial, and

residential development.

Southport presently has no further industrial development

planned, nor does it appear that their will be any additional ex-

panion of CP&L or Pfizer into Southport's forested acreage.

Therefore, no forestry acreage shall be allowed for this use in

the 1990 Land Design and Land Classification Maps.

In accordance with Southport's Growth Policy as derived from

their Land Use Policy Statements, all commercial and residential

development was projected into existing undeveloped acreage within

existing service corridors in compliance with their Zoning Ordinance.

The projected commercial acreage took away no acreage from the

forestry category. However, residential projection did claim 13

acres of forestry land based upon present growth rates and patterns

along existing service corridors. The appropriate unit number for

the category does not change, but acreage and thus the prevailing

net densities do change.

The other land use to be addressed in this category is fisheries.

At present there is one fishery unit proposed along the Cape Fear

River. The acreage of the proposed fishery site is .74 acres.

Therefore, this amount will be added to the estimate of future need

as well as an additional unit.

The resulting estimate of future agriculture, forestry, and fishery
land use is as fol lows:

1990 1990 acreage Percentage Total Total 1990
Land Use Unit Need Change Decrease 1990 units acreage

Agriculture, 1 12.26 1.14% 8 1059.35
Forestry, and
Fisheries

5. Southport Land Classification

The North Carolina Coastal Area Management Act Guidelines require that
each c@ty, town, and county located in the twenty county coastal area develop
a land classification map classifying all of the land within a given juris-
diction into one of five classes. The criteria for the allocation of land into
these categories are explicitly set forth in the State Guidelines, and the
final adopted land classification maps for the twenty county coastal region
will be combined into a coordinated, consistent expression of local policy at
the large regional scale.

A land classification system for Southport was developed as a means of
assisting in the implementation of goals, objectives, and policies.
By delineating land classes'on the map, the City officials and citizens can
specify those areas where certain policies (local, state and federal) will
apply. Although specific areas are outlined on the land classification map,
it must be remembered that land classification is merely d tool to help implement
policies and not a strict regulatory mechanism.

Tibe State and the Federal Government utilize the local land classification
system and map to determine whether projects and development which requires
government license, permits or funds will be permitted to locate in the Southport
area. If the proposed project is inconsistent with the land classification at
its proposed location, the permit, license or funds will be denied.
The land classification 'System provides a framework to be used by the local
government to identify the future use of all lands in the City. The designation
of land classes allows the illustration of the policy statements in regards to
where and to what density growth will occur, and where natural and cultural
resources will be preserved.

The land classification system includes five broad classes, some of which
have been further subdivided to better classify existing development in the City.
The five general land classes are developed, transition, community, rural, and
conservation.

The inclusion of a land area into a land classification category does not
dictate the type of land use that will be allowed in a particular location.
Several of the classes provide for and are designed to encourage a variety
of land uses.

Although, as indicated above, the specific requirements of the land classifi-
cation system are set forth at the State level, each jurisdiftion's land classifi-
cation map is developed locally and adopted by the local governing body prior to
submission to the Coastal Resources Commission. As a result of this process, the
land classification map represents a graphic statement of local government policy
with regard to where, when and to what densities future land development will be
encouraged.

The Land classifications and their subcategories which appear on the Southport
Land Classification Map are defined as follows:

1. Developed

The purpose the the Developed class is to provide for continued intensive
development and redevelopment of existing cities. To be classified Developed,
the area should have a minimum density of 500 dwellings per square mile or
1000 people per square mile provided with usual public services including
at least water, sewer, recreational facilities, police and fire protection.
The Developed class is divided into two types: Developed Mixed Use and
Developed Industrial.

A. Developed Residential areas are those where both water and sewer
services are provided, as well as all other municipal services.
Further residential development is first encouraged to occur in
what ever vacant land is -available in these areas.

B. Develop Mixed Use areas are those with a full range of municipal
services, yet are more suitable for a wide variety of development
ranging from residential to commercial and recreational.

C. Developed Industrial specifically includes the land owned by existing
industries currently operating in the County.

2. Transition

The purpose of the Transition class is to provide for future intensive
urban-development within the ensuing ten years on lands that are most suit-
able and that will be scheduled for provision of necessary public utilities
and services. The Transition lands also provide for additional growth when
additional lands in the developed class are not available or when they are
severely limited for development.

The Developed and Transition classes should be the only lands under active
consideration by the county or municipality for intensive urban development
requiring urban services. The area within these classes is where detailed
local land use and public investment planning must occur. State and federal
expenditures on projects associated with urban development (water, sewer,
urban street sytems, etc.) will be guided to these areas. The Transition
class is divided into two types of use: Transition Residential and Transition
Mixed Use.

A. Transition Residential includes the areas with partial municipal
facilities provided usually adjacent to developed residential
areas. Only residential use is encouraged in these areas.

B: Transition Mixed Use includes those areas provided with partial
municipal services, yet more suitable for a wide rang:e of activity
including commercial, recreational, office, and institutional uses,
often because of its location to main traffic arteries.

3. Rural

The purpose of the Rural class is to provide for agriculture, forest
management, mineral extraction and oth,.,r low intensity uses. Residences
may be located within "Rural" areas where urban services are not required
and where natural resources will not be permanently impaired. The Rural
class is divided into two types of uses: Rural Residential and Rural
Productive.

A. Rural Residential provides for low density residential development
where urban services are not provided or planned and where natural
resources will not be permanently impaired.

B_@ Rural Productive provides for the effective management of large
agriculture and forestry areas.

4. Conservation

The purpose of the Conservation class is to provide for effective long-
term management of significant limited or irreplaceable areas. This manage-
ment may be needed because of its natural, cultural, recreational, productive
or sc-enic values. These areas should not be identified as transition lands
in the future.

The Conservation class is applied to lands that contain: major wetlands;
essentially undeveloped shorelands that are unique, fragile, or hazardous for
development; necessary wildlife habitat or areas that have a high probability
for providing necessary habitat conditions; publicly owned water-supply, water-
sheds and aquifers: and forest lands that are undeveloped and will remain
undeveloped for commercial purposes.

The projected permanent and seasonal 'population for Southport in 1985
is the primary input used in the preparation of the land classification map.
The Developed and Transition class allocations are all directly related to
the expected population level in 1990. While the Rural class is not directly
a result of population projections, these are lands which are not expected to
be needed for higher density development and are essentially "left over" from
the above three allocations. The Conservation category is the only class which
is in no way related to population, but is allocated based on completely
independent criteria.

A. Conservation -Industrial Access - The purpose of this class is to pro-
vide ingress and egress to the Cape Fear River for industry. Lands in
this category v-ould be maintained in their natural state.

Most.of the land in the Southport City limits meets the criteria for allocation
to the developed class.

Lands allocated to the Transition class are those which are planned to
accommodate a minimum gross density of 2,000 persons per square mile in 1985.
They are also areas in which local government, city or county', plans to provide
both wAter and sewer service within the up-coming ten year period. It is
basica4ly those areas in which local government will encourage a change to
the, Devel oped category by 1990.

In accordance with the State Guidelines requirements, the first priority
lands for allocation to the Transition category were those areas which presently
exhibit a gross population density of 2,000 persons per square mile. The second
priority included those areas which have experienced septic tank problems and/or
face potential public health threats in terms of contamination of on-site wells
or pollution of estuarine waters to which much existing residential development
is adjacent. The third priority provides for inclusion of more areas where
future development is expected and can be clustered through the provision of
services. The forth priority includes lands located along existing or proposed
service corridors in which higher density development is to be encouraged.

The State Guidelines identify Conservation lands as areas that are
naturally fragile to intensive development, or areas which due to natural
or man.-made hazards offer some potential threat to development and the
public.'health, safety and welfare. Lands allocated to the Conservation
Class should be maintained in a natural state with only very limited non-
intensive use. Those lands in the Conservation class within the Southport
area are:

a) Lands included in Areas of Environmental Concern.
b) Fragile fresh water wetlands with exceptional scenic and
aesthetic qualities and potential for future passive and
active recreational uses.
,c) Natural and man made hazard areas
d) Cemetaries

All of the remaining area in the Southport area not included in the
about allocations is classified as either Rural-Residential or Rural-Productive.

Rural-Residential lands are areas where low density.residential growth
has occured, or is projected to occur in the coming years. Although they are
not provided with water or sewer facilities, connection to the existing county
or city water and sewer systems would be permitted if the cost was borne by
the developer.

Rural -Productive lands are large tracts of land in use as agriculture or
forestry producing areas.

Developed Residential

Developed Mixed Use
.................

. . . ............
Developed Industrial
......... ...

. ....... ...
..............
Transition Residential ...............
. . . .. . . . . .
............
. . . . . . . . . . .
Transition Mixed Use
....... ..... ....... ......
.... ..... ...... ...... ..........
.........................
Rural Residential

........ ..............
----------
.............

........ ...... . . . . . . . ...................... ........
v e
Rural Producti
. ........ ........
.. ..........................

..................
Conservatiorl

. ..........
....... ... . ..........

....... ..... ...
...........

..........
.. ..........

...........
........... ....
1101, M.- 15
I N
I ...........

..............
.............

.............
...............
..........

Prepared by the Brunswick County Planning Department, 1980 V--@ cpb

NOAA COASTAL SERVICES CTR UBRA

3 6668 14112966
IRIY