Pipelines and natural resources of the Texas coast

[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]

I
PIPELINES
AND
'NATURAL RCES
ON THE
R mho S 0 'u"

-TEXAS COAST.

r6@e

PIPELINES AND NATURAL RESOURCES

OF THE TEXAS COAST

John Batterton, Project"' nag
Rebecca Green, Cartogra'p'her

Environmental Management Program

Mike Hightower, Program Manager

General Land Office

Bob Armstrong, Commissioner

29 February 1980
Property of CSC Library

Funded by a grant from the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
cm
through the Coastal Energy Impact Program

J-^ UJ
V2

CY, U - S . DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOAA
COASTAL SERVICES CENTER
2234 SOUTH HOBSON AVENUE
CHARLESTON , SC 29405-2413

ADVISORY COMMITTEE

Allen Cluck Houston Oil and Minerals
Corporation

Julius Collins Texas Shrimp Association

Charles Crabbe Golden Triangle Sierra Club

Dr. Lynne Drawe Welder Wildlife Foundation

Leland Roberts Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department

0. J. Shirley Shell Oil Company
Dr. L. 0. Sorensen Pan American University
Marine Science Laboratory
Rick Tinnin Citizens for Estuarine Planning
Willard T. Young Eastern Transmission Corporation

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to express our appreciation to the members of the

advisory committee for their technical advice and continued encouragement

throughout this project.

We are also indebted to many General Land Office staff members for

their assistance in collecting data and preparing this report for publi-

cation, particularly: Dr. William 1. Longley, for critical review and

valuable suggestions; Muriel Wright, for editorial assistance; Ted

Mecklin, for helping to compile and map data; Dr. Jerry McAtee, for

information on sand dunes; Judy Hamner, Meg Wilson and Pat Haar, for

supportive research; and Delores Seaton, Steve Stubbs, and Steve Miller,

for administrative support. We are especially grateful to Judy Lewis,

who typed the final copy, and to Yvonne Rios, Rosemary Rodriguez,

Margarita Alvarez, Corrine Gorrell, Joan Berry, and Dianna Hartford, who

typed the draft copy.

Special thanks are due Claude Lard, of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife

Service; Barto Arnold, of the Texas Antiquities Committee; Dr. John

Hamilton, of the Texas Natural Areas Survey; Dr. Robert A. Morton, of the

Bureau of Economic Geology at The 'University of Texas; Dr. Calvin

McMillan and Lee Sherrod, of the University of Texas Department of

Botany; and Dr. L. 0. Sorensen, of the Pan American University Marine

Science Laboratory.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Advisory Committee ......................................... ii

Acknowledgements .......................................... iii

Introduction .............................................. 1

Map Themes ................................................ 7

BLM Maps ................................................. 17

BLM Map Descriptions ...................................... 25

USGS Maps ................................................. 63

USGS Map Descriptions ...................................... 85

Conclusion ................................................. 235

References ................................................ 237

Appendices

A. Smith Point - Tract 247 Pipelines ................. 243

B. Smith Point - Tract 225 Pipelines ................. 245

C. Smith Point - Tract 246 Pipelines ................. 246

D. Port Bolivar - Tract 342 Pipelines ................ 247

E. Bayside - Tract 117 Pipelines .................... 249

F. Port Ingleside - Tract 8 Pipelines ................ 251

G. Portland Tract 62 Pipelines .................... 252

H. Oso Creek Tract 9-20 Pipelines ................. 253

I. Legend for Biologic Assemblage Maps ............... 257

J. Surface Sediment Distribution Key ................. 263

K. Standards for Pipelines Requiring a
Right-of-way Across Public Lands ................. 265

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Page

Figures

1. Index to BLM Maps ................................. 21

2. Sample USGS Maps ................................. 71

Indices to USGS Maps .............................. in pocket

Tables

1. Themes on BLM Maps .............................. 23

2. Themes on USGS Maps .............................. 80

INTRODUCTION

This study, initiated in March of 1979, was funded by a grant under
the Coastal Energy Impact Program (CEIP). Established by amendment of
the federal Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, the CEIP makes federal

grants, loans, and guarantees available to coastal states and local

governments to help them meet needs arising from outer continental shelf
(OCS) oil and gas development. A principal objective of the program is
the prevention or mitigation of damage to any environmental resource by
activities associated with coastal energy development.
One such activity is the routing and installation of pipelines.
Pipelines from the OCS must traverse state-owned submerged lands to reach

onshore processing and distribution facilities. As custodian of state-
owned lands in Texas, including 4.25 million acres of submerged lands,
the General Land Office obtained CEIP funding to compile information that
could be used in pipeline planning to reduce or prevent adverse impacts

on sensitive natural resource areas.

Applicants for easements across public lands for pipeline rights-
of-way, as well as other industrial interests, will find this information

of interest because it specifies environmental concerns of the General
Land Office and the School Land Board. The information in this report
complements existing rules published in the Texas Register concerning

management of activities on state-owned lands. These include School Land
Board Rules 135.16.03.001-016., 135.18.01.001-.008, and 135.18.02.001-
.004, and General Land Office Rules 126.18.02.001-.006. Standards issued

by the General Land Office for pipelines requiring a right-of-way across
state lands are contained in Appendix X. The land of f ice has also pro-
mulgated rules that apply to the routing of pipelines through critical
dune areas (General Land Office Rule 126.30.004(b)).

While the information presented here does not have official status,
it is a substantial portion of the information base used by the General
Land Office and School Land Board in assessing applications for leases

and easements.

The value of this study is in its usefulness as a single source of

current information relevant to the routing of pipelines on coastal
public land. Some of the information, such as the location of existing
pipelines, is incomplete. Because of incomplete records, some old pipe-
lines are not included, nor are recently installed pipelines.
All of this information will become dated with time; therefore, the
format of this report has been designed to allow future corrections and
additions of new data. This updating effort will be dependent upon

budget and staff constraints of the General Land Office.

Report Format
The state and federal regulations and guidelines that protect many
sensitive natural resource areas often describe these areas only by type;
they do not specify their locations. For this reason, the General Land
Office selected mapping as the most useful means for identifying areas of

concern in pipeline planning.

The maps depict two types of themes: sensitive natural resource

areas, and other features that may facilitate planning efforts. The

resource areas identified as being particularly vulnerable to possible

damage from pipeline installation activities are, for the most part,
highly productive biological areas such as oyster reefs, wetland environ-

ments, and rookeries. State land tracts containing features of archeo-
logical interest are also included as areas that pipeline routes should

avoid.

Other themes of interest to pipeline planners include the locations
of existing pipelines, the boundaries of state and federal land tracts,
surface sediment distribution, channels, and areas subject to natural

hazards.

Areas of the Gulf of Mexico to the gulf shoreline (including both
federal and state tracts) are depicted on Bureau of Land Management (BLM)

maps at a scale of 1:48,000. The shoreline and bay areas (state tracts
only) are depicted on U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7k-minute quadrangle
topographic maps at a scale of 1:24,000. The areas covered by the BLM
and USGS maps overlap along the gulf shoreline; thus, a pipeline route
may be followed from federal tracts on the OCS to the 3-league line, then

across state tracts to a mainland landfall.

Themes mapped for the Gulf of Mexico on the BLM maps are either part
of the original base maps or plotted directly on them. These themes are:

Pipelines

State and Federal Tracts

Fault Zones

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms

State Tracts of Archeological Interest

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas

Themes mapped for the gulf shoreline and bay areas on the USGS maps

are either part of the base maps or plotted on transparent mylar overlays

that can be used with the base maps to produce composite blueline maps.

These themes are:

Pipelines

State Tracts

Beach Erosion/Accretion

Channels

Dunes

Surface Sediments

Wetlands

Biologic Assemblages

Oyster Reefs

Rookeries

Mangroves

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas

State Tracts of Archeological Interest

This report consists primarily of two sets of map descriptions, one

for BLM maps and one for USGS maps, which list the information available

for each mapped area. Each set of descriptions is prefixed by an expla-

nation of the symbols used to depict the themes.

The information contained on the maps and in the descriptions has

been compiled from several sources, chiefly: the Bureau of Economic

Geology at The University of Texas at Austin, Texas; the U. S. Bureau of

Land Management; the U. S. Geological Survey; the Texas Parks and

Wildlife Department; the Texas Antiquities Committee; the Texas Colonial

Waterbird Census Committee; and the General Land Office.

Copies of this report may be obtained f rom the General Land Of f ice.

At the present time, copies of the BLM maps are not available; however,
the original maps are on open file in the General Land Office and may be

viewed during agency working hours.

Blueline copies of themes on the USGS maps may be ordered from the
General Land Office on a prepaid basis. Those requesting maps should be
aware that not all USGS themes can be combined on a single composite map,

as information will be too crowded to be useful. If numerous themes are

requested, two or more composite bluelines will be made. A separate map
can be made for each overlay, or several composites can be made depicting

compatible themes.

Inquiries regarding availability and prices of blueline reproduc-

tions should be directed to:

Environmental Management Program
General Land Office
1700 North Congress Avenue
Austin, Texas 78701

Telephone: (512) 475-5596

0 6

MAP THEMES

Sensitive Resource Themes

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms (plotted on BLM base maps)

Reefs, banks, and hard bottoms are areas where fish congregate and

which may contain unusual biological communities such as coral reefs.

These areas could be adversely impacted by sedimentation resulting from

pipeline installation and, because they are topographically higher than

the surrounding bottom, could present an obstacle to pipeline routing.

One such area, the Flower Garden Banks, located about 125 miles

southeast of Galveston, has been nominated as a marine sanctuary.

Dunes (overlay for USGS base maps)

The fore-island dunes are important as reservoirs of sand for beach

nourishment and serve as natural seawalls for storm protection. Where

stabilizing dune vegetation is disturbed or removed, blowouts (gaps in

the fore-island dune ridge) can develop. If the elevation of a blowout

area is reduced to near sea level, high tides or storm surges can form

washover channels. Therefore, the preservation of vegetated areas on

barrier islands is important.

The state's concern for the protection of dunes is reflected in the

Dune Protection Act, which directs the Commissioner of the General Land

Office to designate dune areas that are critical to the protection of

state-owned lands, shores, and submerged land (TEX. NAT. RES. CODE See.

63-121).

Wetlands (part of USGS base maps, overlay for USGS base maps)

Wetlands are areas saturated or inundated by groundwater or surface

water that support highly productive plant communities specially adapted

to saturated soils. They are areas of great natural productivity, hydro-

logical utility, and environmental diversity. They provide natural flood

control, improved water quality, flow stabilization of streams and

rivers, habitat for fishery and wildlife resources, and vital materials

for adjacent aquatic ecoysystems. Wetlands contribute to the production

of agricultural products and are also recreational, scientific, and

aesthetic resources.

The unwise use and development of wetlands will destroy many of

their special qualities and important natural functions. Therefore, the

need to conserve wetlands has been recognized by: executive order of the

President of the United States (Executive Order 11990); policies and
regulations of federal agencies through the Federal Water Pollution

Control Act Amendments of 1972 (P.L. 92-500); the Coastal Wetland
Acquisition Act (Art. 5415e-3, V.A.C.S.), enacted by the 65th Texas

Legislature, and rules promulgated by the General Land Office for
implementation of the act (General Land Office Rules 126.30.04.001-.004);

and specific state agency policies such as Texas Parks and Wildlife

Commission Policy No. 3000-9, concerning dredge spoil.

Wetland areas should be avoided unless alternative locations are not

practicable. If wetland sites are the only feasible locations for some

activities, state and federal agencies will likely require strict

management of these activities to ensure minimum alteration of wetlands

and restoration of disturbed areas.

The USGS base maps and wetlands overlay show only the locations of

wetlands, without specifying wetland types. Wetlands are identified by

type (e.g., freshwater, brackish, or saltwater marsh) on the biologic

assemblage overlays. Generally, the humid upper coast contains large

wetland areas, and the arid lower coast contains smaller wetland areas

including extensive wind-tidal flats and subaqueous grassflats.

Oyster Reefs (USGS map overlays for Galveston and San Antonio Bays)

Oyster reefs are highly productive and commercially valuable natural

areas. They are vulnerable not only to direct damage by dredging, but to

suffocation by the increased sedimentation that can result from dredging.

The major areas of oyster production in Texas are Galveston and San

Antonio Bays. The general location of other oyster reefs coastwide may

be found under the headings "Biological Description" and "Surface

Sediments" in the map descriptions.

Rookeries (overlay for USGS base maps)

Rookeries along the Texas coast support a great variety of fish-

eating birds, including herons, cranes, pelicans, ibises, storks, egrets,

and cormorants. Most coastal rookeries are on spoil islands at the

margins of shallow bays and lagoons and along the Gulf Intracoastal

Waterway and other channels.

These rookeries are protected by state and federal regulations for

two reasons: they are important habitats for large numbers of birds, and

they are used by several threatened and endangered species, such as the

brown pelican, the whooping crane, the reddish egret, and the lesser

tern.

The birds that inhabit the rookeries are vulnerable not only to

direct destruction or alteration of their nesting and roosting grounds,

but to indirect disturbances such as human activity or loud noise in the

vicinity of these areas. For this reason, regulations prohibit certain

types of activities in and near rookeries during the nesting season,

which for most species runs approximately from February through

September.

Mangroves (overlay for USGS base maps)

Black mangrove areas are an unusual type of wetland on the Texas

coast, appearing principally in two locations: in the vicinity of Port

Aransas (especially Harbor Island) and Port Isabel. Small communities

may occur near Port O'Connor, Galveston, and Texas Point, but these have

not been recently confirmed (Roberts, McMillan and Sherrod, personal

communications).

Mangroves are woody shrubs whose aerial roots trap waterborne

sediment, thus building up the soil. Dense stands of mangroves are

highly productive and function as a major source of detrital material

that enters the estuarine food web. Mangroves also afford protection and

shelter to many bay organisms and are often rookery sites.

Biologic Assemblages (overlay for USGS base maps)

The biologic assemblage overlays depict major natural environments

on state lands, both sensitive and nonsensitive. The highly productive

and fragile areas shown on these overlays include submerged grasses,

which are important as fish and shellfish nursery areas; oyster reefs;
0 and marshes, particularly saltwater marshes and brackish marshes in the
vicinity of bays and lagoons, and freshwater marshes further inland.

Algal mats, a feature of some Texas estuaries, are not shown on the

maps for lack of information about their exact locations; however, they
often occur in areas described as "sand flats," especially along the
lower coast. Mangrove areas, shown on a separate overlay, are not

depicted on the biologic assemblage overlays.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest (plotted on ELM base maps)

Archeological sites, though not natural areas, are still classified

as sensitive. Such sites within state lands are protected by provisions
of the Texas Natural Resources Code and rules of the Texas Antiquities

Committee.

The sites mapped as being of interest in pipeline routing are ship-
wreck sites, most of which are at depths of 30 feet or less near passes.
The shipwrecks are designated as either historical (before 1900) or
twentieth-century. The maps do not show the exact locations of ship-

wrecks, but indicate which state tracts contain them. Omission of either
of the above designations from a state tract does not necessarily mean

that no shipwreck is present.

Additional Themes

Pipelines (plotted on BLM base maps, overlay for USGS base maps)

The maps show all pipelines installed before this study was

initiated (March 1979) for which lease data is available. Some older

pipelines are not mapped because lease records are incomplete.

This theme shows the position of existing pipelines relative to the
identified sensitive areas and to other types of areas where pipeline

installation is restricted by state or federal law.

State and Federal Tracts (part of BLM base maps, overlay for USGS base

maps)

Land tracts are the basic management unit for state and federal

leases and easements. In this report, they also serve as a reference aid

for locating features on the maps.

State tracts are within the 3-league line (10.35 miles offshore),
which is the boundary between state and federal lands. In general, state
tracts closest to the shoreline are 1 square mile in area, and those
further out are 9 square miles in area. Tracts may be of irregular size
and shape in bays and lakes, adjacent to the gulf shoreline, at the

3-league line, and at the boundary with Louisiana.
Federal tracts are generally 9 square miles in area but may be
smaller and irregularly shaped along the 3-league line and adjacent to an

artificial boundary in federal waters that is an extension of the

boundary line between the waters of Texas and Louisiana.

Some 9-square-mile tracts in the Gulf of Mexico straddle the 3-

league line. In these cases, the portion seaward of the line is under

federal jurisdiction and the landward portion is state-owned.

Safety Fairways and Anchorage Areas (part of BLM base maps)

Activities in safety fairways (shipping lanes) and anchorage areas

are subject to federal regulations. The hazards that ship traffic and

anchoring pose to pipelines are obvious.

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers requires that pipelines crossing a

navigation fairway be buried at least 10 feet. Pipelines may not cross

an anchorage area, though they may originate in such an area. These

pipelines must be buried at a minimum depth of 16 feet.

Fault Zones (plotted on BLM base maps)

Both inactive and potentially active faults are shown. Inactive

faults are those that do not intersect the seafloor, that are commonly

overlain by sediments that appear to be unfaulted, and for which no

movement in the recent geologic past is indicated. Potentially active

faults intersect or are near the seafloor. Movement of these faults has

occurred in the recent geologic past and reactivation is possible. In

both cases, the approximate displacement has been measured at depths of

400 to 600 feet.

The maps show only the locations of faulting areas. It is im-

possible to predict the likelihood of fault movement during the life of a

pipeline from the information given on the maps.

Beach Erosion/Accretion (overlay for USGS base maps)

The locations of areas of erosion and accretion on the gulf shore-

line are mapped to aid planners in selecting pipeline landfall sites.

Surface Sediments (overlay for USGS base maps)

Knowledge of the distribution of surface sediments will be useful in

the planning of any dredging activities associated with pipeline instal-

lation.

Generally, the sediments of the bays, estuaries, and lagoons are

coarsest at river mouths, along some bay margins, near tidal inlets, and

adjacent to barrier islands and peninsulas. Sediments are finest in the

deeper bay centers. The relative proportion of mud to sand is greatest
in the bays of the upper Texas coast and lowest in the bays and lagoons
of the lower coast. The offshore extent of sand sediments is greater

along the lower coast and limited along the upper coast.

Biologic Assemblages (overlay for USGS base maps)

As explained in the description of sensitive resource themes above,
the biologic assemblage overlays describe all major natural environments

along the coast. Units other than sensitive resource areas are useful as

indicators of ranges of salinity, temperature, water depth, tidal

influence, and the presence of flora and fauna.

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas (part of USGS base maps, on state tract

overlay for USGS base maps)

This theme includes both state and federal wildlife management

areas, refuges, sanctuaries, and parks. If the maps are updated, the

0 locations of county, municipal, and private parks and sanctuaries will be
added.

It may prove expedient to avoid these protected areas whenever

possible because of potential difficulties in obtaining new pipeline

rights-of-way.

0 15

0 16

BLM MAPS

Maps produced by the Bureau of Land Management were used as base

maps for the depiction of features important to the selection of pipe-

line routes from the Gulf of Mexico to the shoreline. These maps, at a

scale of 1:48,000, overlap the area covered by the USGS maps, showing

federal as well as state land tracts; thus, they show the origins of

federal pipelines on the outer continental shelf.

The manner in which each BLM theme is depicted on the maps is

described below.

Pipelines (plotted on base map)

The locations of existing pipelines, mapped as solid lines, are

based primarily on lease data of the Bureau of Land Management and the

General Land Office. Some single lines on the maps represent two or more

parallel pipelines. Appendices A through H list state tracts that

contain dense concentrations of pipelines too numerous to be mapped.

The identification number on each mapped pipeline indicates the

product transported, the General Land Office easement file number, and

the diameter of the pipeline. The prefix 0 designates an oil pipeline,

the prefix G designates a gas pipeline, and the prefix O/G designates an

oil and gas pipeline. The number G-3226-10 3/4", for example, indicates

that the pipeline carries natural gas, is 10 3/4 inches in diameter, and

is described in General Land Office miscellaneous easement file no. 3226.

The notation ME@ which stands for "miscellaneous easement, ti

sometimes appears as a prefix to pipeline identification numbers on the

BLM maps. This is the classification for coastal pipeline easements in

the General Land Office files. The ME code must be given along with the

easement file number to obtain any coastal easement file from the General

Land Office Records Division.

Some identification numbers contain the notation W, which indicates

the transport of water. The word "brine" is printed next to some identi-

fication numbers to indicate the transport of this material.

To determine whether an easement is expired, renewed, or trans-

ferred, one must refer to the current General Land Office easement file.

Corporate name changes are not given in the easement files; thus both old

and new names will be seen. For example, old files for Exxon Corp. use

the name Humble Oil and Refining Co. Most of the lessees of the pipeline

rights-of-way depicted on the maps are identified in the map descrip-

tions.

State and Federal Tracts (part of base map)

State and federal land tracts are represented on the maps as a grid.

Each tract is numbered. In the map descriptions, small state tracts (1

square mile in area) are identified by a lowercase s at the end of the

tract number; for example, 14s. Large state tracts (9 square miles in
area) are identified by an uppercase L at the end of the tract number;

for example, 28L. Only gulf tracts are referenced in the descriptions.

Quadrants of large tracts are labelled 1Q (northwest quadrant), 2Q
(northeast quadrant), 3Q (southeast quadrant), and 4Q (southwest

quadrant). The quadrant number is written after a hyphen at the end of

the tract number. The notation 28L-1,2Q would refer to both the

northwest and northeast quadrants of the large tract numbered 28.

Safety Fairways and Anchorage Areas (part of base map)

Safety fairways and anchorage areas are delineated by broken lines.

Fault Zones (plotted on base map)

Fault zones are indicated by solid lines with perpendicular tic

marks. Information on fault zones was taken from McGowen and Morton

(1979).

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms (plotted on base map)

These areas are circled and identified by name on the maps. The

locations of areas included in this report were taken f rom BLM maps
(Bureau of Land Management, 1980). For complete descriptions of these

areas, see Bright and Pequegant (1974) and Bright and Rezak (1976, 1978a,

1978b).

State Tracts of Archeological Interest (plotted on base map)

State tracts containing historical (pre-twentieth century) or
twentieth century shipwrecks are designated by colored geometric symbols.
The mapped information is based on records of the Texas Antiquities

Committee (Arnold, personal communication).

Map Descriptions

Figure 1 is an index to the areas represented by the BLM maps. The

maps are identified by number. Table 1 shows which of the themes

discussed above apply to each map. Theme-by-theme descriptions of the

maps follow.

The notation "No data" under a theme heading in the description

indicates that information was either unavailable or insufficient for

mapping. This notation is also used when the name of a lessee is un-

known. The notation "Not applicable" appears when a theme does not apply

to a given map; for example, the theme State Tracts of Archeological

Interest would not be applicable to a map showing only federal tracts.

Figure 1.
Galveston
Bay

18 2732

Matagorda
Bay

1923 2833

39
5 _10 16 20124 29134 40
2125 r --1 30135

Corpus
Christi
Bay 11 17F@@
A 6 J_

INDEX TO BUREAU
OF LAND MANAGEMENT
2 7 12 OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF
NORTH GULF OF MEXICO MAPS

0 10 20 30 4P SO
STATUTE MILES

3 8 13

4 9 14

0 22

TABLE 1. TWXS ON BLM MAPS
STATE TRAcTs
SAFETY IA PE S, BANKS HEOLOGICAL
YS ITMEREST
ZEAS
rl@p No. PIPELINES AN E FAULT ZONES OR BOTTOMIS

x x x

2 x x

3 x x x

4 x x x

5 x x x

6 x

7 x

8 x

9 x

10 x x x

11 x x

15 x x x

16 x x

17 x x

18 x x x

19 x x x x x

20 x x

22 x x x x

23 x x

24 x

26 x x x

27 x x x x

28 x x

29 x x

30 x x

31 x x x x

32 x x

33 x x

31 --- - -- x

3@ x x

39 x x

0 24

BLM MAP NO. 1

Pipelines
G-2560 Reynolds Mining Corp.
G-4005-(G-1745)-2 3/8" & 4@" Texaco, Inc.
G-3533-6 5/8" McMoran Exploration Co.
O/G-3531-6 5/8" McMoran Exploration Co.
G-3946-8" United Gas Pipeline Co.
G-3875-(G-1630)-12" United Gas Pipeline Co.
G-4109-6" (2) Gulf Oil Corp.
G-1826-4" (2) Gulf Oil Corp.
G-2893-6 5/8" Occidental Petroleum, Inc.
G-3699-6 5/8" McMoran Exploration Co.
G-2882-6" Sun Oil Co.
G-3414-611 Energy Reserves Group

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
There are several inactive and potentially active fault zones in
this area.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
873s
885s
889S
893s
772L-3Q
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
847s
848s
849s
854s through 858s
915S
916s
917s
922s
923s

0 25

BLM MAP NO. 2

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
There are a few inactive fault zones, one within 2 miles of the
shoreline.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
985s
1000s
1008S
1021s
1030s
839L-1, 2Q
924L-3Q

BLM MAP NO. 3

Pipelines
2933-4V (3) Mobil Oil Corp.
3115-8 5/8" Mobil Oil Corp.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
There is one inactive fault in the vicinity of tracts 934L and 944L.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
1057s
1058s
1061s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
1100s
1104s
l1lls
1118S
1025L-1, 2Q
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
1085s
1124s
1127s

BLM MAP NO. 4

Pipelines
3115-8 5/8" Mobil Oil Corp.
O/G-2933-4k" (3) Mobil Oil Corp.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
Both inactive and potentially active fault zones exist in many
small tracts and in all large tracts except 1063L.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
1139s
1153s
1230s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
1149s
1162s
1189S
1192s
1196s
1197s
1207s
1214s
1216s
1217s
1218s
1070L-3Q
1129L-1Q
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
1211s
1219s
1220s
1223s through 1226s
1231s

BLM MAP NO. 5

Pipelines
G-3450-4k" McMoran Exploration Co.
G-3452-4k" McMoran Exploration Co.
G-3453-3" McMoran Exploration Co.
G-3454-6" McMoran Exploration Co.
O/G-4059-4kit McMoran Exploration Co.
G-4010-1011 Corpus Christi Oil and Gas Co.
G-3226-10 3/4" Corpus Christi Oil and Gas Co.
G-3286-10 3/4tf Corpus Christi Oil and Gas Co.
G-2926-10" Corpus Christi Oil and Gas Co.
O/G-4047-6 5/8" Corpus Christi Oil and Gas Co.
G-2927-8 5/8" Corpus Christi Oil and Gas Co.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
There are inactive faults in the vicinity of tracts 597L, 598L,
626L and 660L.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
700s
751s
775s
798s

BLM 14AP NO. 6

Pipelines
3450-4k" McMoran Exploration Co.
3452-4k" McMoran Exploration Co.
3414-6" Energy Reserves Group, Inc.
2893-6 5/811 Occidental Petroleum, Inc.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage.Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
No data

BLM MAP NO. 7

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
Dream Bank in tract A-41L
Southern Bank in tracts A-9L and A-16L

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 8

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
Blackfish Ridge in tracts A-72L and A-61L
Mysterious Bank in tracts A-84L and A-83L

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 9

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
Sebree Bank in tract 1071L

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 10

Pipelines
G-3673-12" Lo-Vaca Gathering Co.
G-3672-12" Lo-Vaca Gathering Co.
G-3170-6 5/8" & 3k" (2) Superior Oil Co.
G-3923-3k" (2) Superior Oil Co.
O/G-4046-6 5/8" & 10 3/4" Corpus Christi Oil and Gas Co.
G-3511-20" Houston Pipeline Co.
G-3512-10" Corpus Christi Oil and Gas Co.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
There are inactive faults in the vicinity of tracts 444L, 445L,
561L and 594L.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
592s
599s
600s
674s
679s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
601s
616s
592L-4Q
599L-4Q
622L-1Q
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
627s through 656s

0 34

BLM MAP NO. 11

Pipelines
G-3351-20" Transco

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
Small Dunn Bar in tracts A-6L and A-54L
Big Dunn Bar in tracts A-54L and A-55L
Baker Rock in tract A-62L
South Baker Rock in tract A-95L
Aransas Rock in tract A-117L
North Hospital Rock in tract A-117L
Hospital Rock in A-136L.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 12

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 13

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 14

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 15

Pipelines
0-2597-16" Monsanto Co.
G-2587-5 5/8" (2) North American Royalties, Inc.
G-2588-5 5/8" (2) North American Royalties, Inc.
G-3480-10 3/4" Lo-Vaca Gathering Co.
1211 Lo-Vaca Gathering Co.
G-3470-16" Lo-Vaca Gathering Co.
G-3482-8 5/8" (2) Lo-Vaca Gathering Co.
G-2114-30" Transcontinental Gas Pipeline Co.
G-3972-6" Transcontinental Gas Pipeline Co.
G-2857-8 5/8" Coastal States Gas

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
There are many overlapping inactive and potentially active fault
zones along the entire coastline.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
421s
514s
516s
409L-2Q
440L-3Q
442L-1, 2Q
443L-1, 2Q

BLM MAP NO. 16

Pipelines
G-1991-20" Transco
G-1991A-20" Transco
G-1991(2114)-30ft Transcontinental Gas Pipeline Corp.
G-3972-6" Transcontinental Gas Pipeline Corp.
G-3482-8 5/8" (2) Lo-Vaca Gathering Co.
G-3673-12" Lo-Vaca Gathering Co.
G-3518-3k" Monsanto Co.
0-2638-3" Monsanto Co.
0-2639-3" Monsanto Co.
G-3480-10 3/4", 12" Lo-Vaca Gathering Co.
0-2597-16" Monsanto Co.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
Aransas Pass Safety Fairway

Fault Zones
Not listed

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 17

Pipelines
G-3351-20" Transco
G-1991C-16" Transco

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
Gulf Safety Fairway

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 18

Pipelines
O/G-3000(1381)-20it Blue Dolphin Pipeline Co.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
There are inactive faults in the vicinity of tracts 303s, 308s,
309s, 315s and 247L.
There is a potentially active fault zone further south.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
300s
301s
310s
311s
344s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
299s
320s
330s

BLM MAP NO. 19

Pipelines
O/G-3483-4" King Resources Co.
G-3874 DOE
G-3249-3" & 8" Houston Pipeline Co.
0-2565-8 5/8" Mobil Oil Corp.
0-2605-8 5/8" Mobil Oil Corp.
G-3209-8" Houston Pipeline Co.
G-1381-20" Blue Dolphin Pipeline Co.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
Freeport Harbor Safety Fairway (with two adjacent anchorage areas.)
Aransas Pass Safety Fairway

Fault Zones
There are several overlapping potentially active fault zones south-
west of the Freeport Harbor Safety Fairway.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
An artificial fishing reef (liberty ship) is located within state
tract 336L-2Q.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
344s
376s
378s
411s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
320s
330s
337s
387s
394s
409s
275L-1Q
276L-4Q
278L-4Q
305L-3Q
309L-4Q
311L-4Q
334L-l$ 2Q
366L-4Q
367L-3Q
376L-1Q
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
312s
313s
314s
321s
406s

BLM MAP NO. 20

Pipelines
G-1991A-20" Transco
G-1991B-20" Transco

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
Aransas Pass Safety Fairway

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BIM MAP NO. 21

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 22

Pipelines
0-3089-6 5/811 Houston Oil and Minerals
3804-14" Amoco Oil Co.
G-3354-12" Transco
G-3252-6 5/811 Tejas Gas Corp.
G-3747(1501)-6" Black Marlin Pipeline Co.
3667-8 5/8" Seagull Pipeline Co.
O/G-3412-4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
O/G-3408-4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
O/G-3411-4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
O/G-3409-4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
O/G-3410-4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
G-3406-3kfl (4) Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
O/G-3538(3514)-3" (2) Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
O/G-3714-4" (2) Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
O/G-3413-2 7/8" & 8" Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
0-3559-3k" (4) & 4k" (2) Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
O/G-3407-3kff (8) Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.
G-3381-20" Seagull Pipeline Corp.
G-2470-8" Natural Gas Pipeline Co.
G-3715-3" (2) Mitchell Energy Offshore Corp.
0-2461-2 5/8" Mitchell Energy Offshore Corp.
0-2465-4" Mitchell Energy Offshore Corp.
3095-2 7/8" (2) Houston Oil and Mineral Corp.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
Aransas Pass Safety Fairway
Galveston Entrance Safety Fairway and adjacent anchorage areas.

Fault Zones
There are several inactive and potentially active faults along the
coast, particularly in the large tract areas.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
207s
215s
221s
229s
278s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
147s
157s
170s
186s
187s
194s through 197s

BLM MAP NO. 22 (cont.)
200s
201s
208s
209s
211s
218s
222s
225s
99L-4Q
10IL-3Q
102L
144L-2, 3Q
146L-3Q
148L-1, 3Q
149L-2Q
181L-3Q
182L-3Q
183L-2Q
187L-3Q
188L-4Q
190L-3, 4Q
191L-2Q
218L-3Q
219L-3Q
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
171s
184s
185s
188s through 193s
198s
199S
202s through 206s
210s
212s through 214s
216s
217s
219s
220s
223s
224s
226s
147L

0 47

BLM MAP NO. 23

Pipelines
3804-14" Amoco Oil Co.
G-1381-20" Blue Dolphin Pipeline Co.
G-1381A-611 Coastal States
G-3354-12" Transco

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
Aransas Pass Safety Fairway
Freeport Harbor Safety Fairway

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 24

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
Freeport Harbor Safety Fairway

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 25

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO, 26

Pipelines
G-3381-20" Seagull Pipeline Corp.
G-2005-4@1- King Resources Co.
O/G-445-411 No data
G-2018-12" Peanzoil Pipeline Co.
0-2421-4" Chevron Oil Co.
O/G-3551-8" Kilroy Co. of Texas
1572 Occidental Petroleum, Inc.
0-1816-811 Atlantic Richfield Co.
1827-16" United Gas Pipeline Co.
1852-12" United Gas Pipeline Co.
G-1909(1833)-16lt Transco
G-3461-24" Transco
G-1955 Transcontinental Gas Pipeline Co,

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
There are 3 potentially active faults in the vicinity of tracts
66s, 6L, and 7L. There is a ring-shaped inactive fault around
tract 85s.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
62s
64s
65s
101S
115s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
12s
122s
8L-3Q
23L-4Q

BLM MAP NO. 27

Pipelines
G-3354-12" Transco
G-4017-24" Transco
3667-8 5/8" Seagull Pipeline Co.
G-3381-20" Seagull Pipeline Co.
G-1468-6" Chevron
G-3747-6" Black Marlin Pipeline Co.
G-3461-24" Transco
G-3354-16" Transco
G-1909(1833)-16" Transco
2421 Chevron Oil Co.
3551-8" Kilroy Co. of Texas
2018-12" Pennzoil Pipeline Co.
3129-2 7/8" King Resources Co.
2005-4k" King Resources Co.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
Calcasieu Pass Fairway
Galveston Entrance Safety Fairway

Fault Zones
There are potentially active faults in the vicinity of tracts
141s, 142s, 31L, 33L, 53L, 63L, and 97L.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
132s
30L-1Q

0 52

BLM MAP NO. 28

Pipelines
O/G-3804-14" Amoco Oil Co.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
Galveston Entrance Safety Fairway

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 29

Pipelines
G-3302-30" Hi Island
G-3829 No data
G-3834 No data
G-4055 No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
There are 2 safety fairways in this area.

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 30

Pipelines
G-3302-3011 Hi Island

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
Applebaum Bank in tract A-590L

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 31

Pipelines
0-3651-3k" & 6 5/8ti C & K Petroleum, Inc.
G-1955-10" Transco
G-3461-24" Transco
G-4021-12" Tejas Gas Corp.
G-2184-16" United Gas Pipeline Co.
G-2391-16" Natural Gas Pipeline Co. of America

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
There are two safety fairways in this area.

Fault Zones
There are inactive and potentially active fault zones in the vicin-
ity of tracts 5L, 12L, and 21L.

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
ls
9s
22s
28s
32s
34s
35s
38s
11L-1Q
12L-3Q
13L-4Q

BLM MAP NO. 32

Pipelines
G-1856-411 (2) Tidal
G-1856-6" Tidal
G-1856-12" Tidal
G-1856-16" Tidal
G-1856A-12" Tidal
G-3446-12" Natural Gas Pipeline Co.
G-3302-42" Hi Island
G-3886-1612 United Gas
G-2391-16" Natural Gas Pipeline Co.

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
There is one safety fairway in this area.

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 33

Pipelines
G-3302-42" Hi Island

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
There is one safety fairway in this area.

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 34

Pipelines
G-3302-30" (3), 36" & 42" Hi Island
G-3422-3611 HIOS
G-3623 No data
G-3427-12" Texas Gas
G-4030 No data
G-3430-12" Natural Gas Pipeline Co.
G-3423-20" Natural Gas Pipeline Co.
G-4040 No data
G-3859 No data
G-4039 No data
G-3857 No data
G-4013 No data
G-4045 No data
G-3428-16" Texas Gas

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 35

Pipelines
G-3429-16" Texas Gas
G-3302-30" Hi Island

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
The East Flower Garden Bank coral reefs are in tracts A-374,
A-375, A-388, and A-389.
The West Flower Garden Bank coral reefs are in tracts A-383,
A-384, A-398 and A-399.
The Coffee Lump Bank is partly in tract A-359.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

BLM MAP NO. 39

Pipelines
G-3454-24" Stingray

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs) Banks, or Hard Bottoms
Within tract A-329-L is 29 Fathom Bank.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

13LM MAP NO. 40

Pipelines
No data

Safety Fairways, Anchorage Areas
No data

Fault Zones
No data

Reefs, Banks, or Hard Bottoms
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

USGS MAPS

USGS 7k-minute topographic quadrangles were used as base maps for
the depiction of features important to the selection of pipeline routes
across state-owned submerged lands. At a scale of 1:24,000, a larger
scale than that of the ELM maps, the USGS maps are particularly useful
for the examination of possible pipeline landfall areas.
The manner in which each of the USGS themes is represented on the
maps is described below. Following these explanations are four sample
maps illustrating the mapped themes (figure 2).

Map Themes

Pipelines (overlay)
The locations of existing pipelines, mapped as solid lines, are
based primarily on lease data of the General Land Office. Some single
lines on the overlays represent two or more parallel pipelines.
Appendices A through H list state stracts that contain dense concen-

trations of pipelines too numerous to be mapped.
The identification number on each mapped pipeline indicates the
product transported, the General Land Office easement file number, and
the diameter of the pipeline. The prefix 0 designates an oil pipeline,
the prefix G designates a gas pipeline, and the prefix O/G designates an
oil and gas pipeline. The number G-3226-10 3/4", for example, indicates
that the pipeline carries natural gas, is 10 3/4 inches in diameter, and
is described in General Land Office miscellaneous easement file no. 3226.

Some identification numbers contain in notation W, which indicates the

transport of water. The word "brine" is sometimes printed next to an

identification number to indicate the transport of this material.

To determine whether an easement is expired, renewed, or trans-

ferred, one must refer to the current General Land Office easement file.

Corporate name changes are not given in the easement files; thus, both
old and new names will be seen. For example, old files for Exxon Corp.

use the name Humble Oil and Refining Co. Most of the lessees of the

pipeline rights-of-way depicted on the maps are identified in the map

descriptions.

State Tracts (overlay)

State tracts are represented on the maps as a grid. Tracts are
numbered consecutively in the gulf, in bays, and in lakes. Because bays
and lakes are numbered independently, the same number may appear on a bay
or lake tract and a gulf tract, a bay tract and a lake tract, or tracts

in two different bays or two different lakes.

In the map descriptions, small state tracts (1 square mile in area)
are identified by a lowercase s at the end of the tract number; for

example, 14s. Large state tracts (9 square miles in area) are identi-
fied by an uppercase L at the end of the tract number; for example, 28L.
Only gulf tracts are referenced in the descriptions.

Quadrants of large tracts are labelled 1Q (northwest quadrant), 2Q
(northeast quadrant), 3Q (southeast quadrant), and 4Q (southwest
quadrant). The quadrant number is written after a hyphen at the end of

the tract number. The notation 28L-1,2Q would refer to both the north-

west and northeast quadrants of the large tract numbered 28.

Beach Erosion/Accretion (overlay)
Zones of beach erosion or accretion are depicted by arrows parallel
to the gulf shoreline. Rates of 0-10 ft/yr, 10-20 ft/yr, and over 20
ft/yr are printed in the middle of the zone.
The rates of erosion and accretion were calculated by averaging
recorded annual rates from 1937 to 1978 (Morton et al. , 1978). This
information was compiled by the General Land Office (1978).

Channels (part of base map)
Channels are indicated on the maps by dashed lines. Names of major
channels are printed within the lines.

Dunes (overlay)

Stable dune areas, blowouts, and washover channels are circum-
scribed on the maps. The notation SD indicates an area of stabilized
(vegetated) dunes. The notation B denotes a blowout area. Washover
areas are indicated by arrows perpendicular to the gulf beach.
This information is based upon aerial photography from the General
Land Office as well as information from the Bureau of Economic Geology
(Brown et al. , 1974). Detailed descriptions of dunes along the Texas
coast may be found in the Environmental Geologic Atlas of the Texas
Coastal Zone (Brown, project coordinator, in progress).

Surface Sediments (overlay)
The distribution of surface sediments is indicated by circumscribed
areas labelled with double capital letters denoting sediment composition;

for example, A B means sandy mud, BA means sand. The key to the surface
sediment overlays is contained in Appendix J.
The mapped information for surface sediments is based on 6,797
samples collected at one-mile intervals along the bays and outer
continental shelf by the Bureau of Economic Geology (McGowen and Morton,
1979), aided by funding from the General Land Office.

Wetlands (overlay and part of base map)

Wetland areas are outlined. On the overlays, a thick solid line
with perpendicular tic marks is used. Areas described as wetlands on the

overlays and in this report are described as marshes on the USGS base

maps.

Biologic Assemblages (overlay)

These overlays depict natural environments on the Texas Coast. Each

environment is circumscribed and contains a letter/number code that
denotes its type; for example, F 1 indicates an oyster reef. The legend
for the biologic assemblage overlays is contained in Appendix I.
The information on biologic assemblages is based on the Environments
and Biologic Assemblage maps of the Environmental Geologic Atlas of The
Texas Coastal Zone (Brown, project coordinator, in progress).

Oyster Reefs (overlay for San Antonio and Galveston Bays)

These overlays show the areal outlines of both viable and nonviable

oyster reefs in the two bay systems. The notation OR appears in the

outlined areas.

The information mapped for these two bay systems is based on data
obtained from the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (Roberts, personal

communication).

Rookeries (overlay)
Rookeries are represented as circumscribed areas containing a letter/

number code (for example, gP-3) which is a key to annual data on colony
location, species composition, and numbers of nesting pairs. The key to
the codes may be found in the Texas Colonial Waterbird Census, 1973-1976
(Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, 1978), which was the source for the

mapped rookery locations.

Mangroves (overlay)
The distribution of black mangroves is indicated on the maps by
outlined areas labelled MG. The mapped information is based upon inter-
pretation of General Land Office aerial photographs and individual
observations (Sorensen, McMillan and Sherrod, personal communications).

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas (part of base map, on state tract overlay)
State and federal wildlife management areas, refuges, sanctuaries,
and parks are identified by name and usually delineated by heavy or
dashed boundary lines.
Information regarding new management areas and the enlargement of
existing areas is available from the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Public lands leased by the
National Audubon Society for bird sanctuaries are described in the lease

data of the General Land Office.

0 68

Figure 2

SAMPLE USGS MAPS

The map section labelled Estes shows mangroves, channels, and an
Audubon Society sanctuary. The sample labelled Allyns Bight illustrates
the depiction of dunes. The Bacliff map section shows oyster reefs and
rookeries. Themes depicted on the Mud Lake sample are surface sediments,
biologic assemblages, state tracts, pipelines, and zones of erosion and

accretion.

0 70

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16 MILSj ESTES DATUM IS MEAN SEA LEVEL
DEPTH CURVES AND SOUNDINGS IN FEET-DATUM IS MEAN LOW WATER
SHORELINE SHOWN REPRESENTS APPROXIMATE LINE OF MEAN HIGH WATER
THE MEAN RANGE OF TIDE IS NEGLIGIBLE
NO 1971 MAGNETIC NORTH

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MUD LAKE

State Tracts of Archeological Interest

This theme is not depicted on the USGS maps, but the tracts con
taining shipwreck sites are listed in the map descriptions.

Map Descriptions

The two maps (in pocket), one showing the upper Texas coast and one
showing the lower Texas coast, are indices to the areas covered by the
USGS maps. Each quadrangle contains a number that corresponds to the
numbers on the map descriptions, which also give the names of the

quadrangles.

Table 2 shows which of the themes discussed above are depicted on
each map. The map descriptions list the information available for each

theme. The notation "No data" under a theme heading indicates that
information was either unavailable or insufficient for mapping. This
notation is also used when the name of a lessee is not known. The
notation "Not applicable" appears when a theme does not apply to a given
map; for example, the theme Dunes would not be applicable to a quadrangle

that does not show the coastline.

The sections headed Biological Description summarize the biologic
assemblage information for each map and list identified sensitive areas.

TABLE 2 THM (N LGGS MTS

OVERLAY AND PART
O@E 01ERLAY SEPARATE OVERLAYS OF RkSE MtP LISTED ONLY
A :,TPACTS
PARP C OG
t 9,S 1' T M F.@ PIPFI PV c Pot, D(ffS WriTRIES MW@ W I tWk&FE F6S JIAI

1. Pc,@T PRT@v-g tioRTH x x x x

WEST OF GREENS
2. Rv,@ i x x x x x x
PORT AprHLR
3. SpiN x x x X

@kST OF JCHNSONS
4. BAYpj x

5. STAR LAK! x x x x x x

6. CLAm LAKE x x x y I x y 1
7. ',@Agm5 PASS x x x x I y x x

8. TFyks Nita x x I x x x

9. COVE x y y y

10. AtwuAc x y y

Ll. LA PORTE x x x

12. lMogwi Po I NT x x x x x X

13. 0-PRELLA POINT x x x

14. OAK IsLx4p x x x

15. LFAGuE CITY x x

16. BACLIFF x x

17. S@m PoiNT x x x x x x x

18. LAKE STEPHEi4soN x x x x x x

19. FRom Poittr x x x y I y x x x x

20. HIGH IsLANn x x x x x I x x

21. f1p WE x x x x x x

SOLM4 OF
22. STAR LAKE x x x x

23. TExAs CITY x x x x y y

24. P()PT Pa IVAP x x x

25. FLAKE x x x x x

26, CAPLEN x x x x x

27. VIRGINIA POINT x y I y

28. GALvEsTori x x x x x x x x
@RLI
OF

29. THE JET71ES x x x x x x

30. LbSkltll; MrlflD x x x x

TABLE 2 TIM U I LISGS MPS (couT.

'MRLAY AND PART
)@E OVERLAY SEPARATE OVERLAYS OF BASE MAP LISTED ONLY

I SW rAP T I Ti F @ P I PFt I @'FS AH CN WfS ME Molai s WINS *TAM PrVa

31. @FA lstF x x x x x X* x

32. LAY,,E Ccpi) x x x x x X, x x x

33. OYSTER CREEK x x

34. CHRISTMAS POINT x x x x X x x x x

35. x x x x x x x

36, JONES CREEK x x x

37. FpEEPoRr x x x x x x x x

38. LAKE AuSTIN x x x

39. SARGENT x x x x

4C. CmAR LAYFs WsT x x x x x x

"' 1. CEDAR LAKES EAST _ x x x x x x x x

44'. KAwfY x x X, x

43. Pnitrr (ryFnPT x x x x x

W4. OLIVIA x x I x x

45. Tup.Tu BAY x x x

46. PAi Ar ins x x x x x

47. PAj A@ to,; W x x x

48. MATAGORDA x x x x x x x

49. r)ppe,,zmr. Pntp@ x x x x x X x

50. BguN Com Cur X x x x x

51. PcPT [AvAcA I-kqT x x

52. PORT LAvAcA EAST x x x x x

53. KELLER BAY x x x x x

94. MATAGOPnA BAY x x x

55. PALAcios POINT x x x x x

PALAcios SE I x x x x

57. MATAWDA SW x x x x x x

58. AusrwELL x x x x x
@Jll I @clel

59. SEADRIFT x x x x x

60. SEADRIFT x I- x X x I

TAsLE 2 TEDIES 94 USGS WS (coNT,)

OVERLAY W PART
ONE OVERLAY SEPARATE OVERLAYS OF BASE MP UsTED ONLY

E R W&IFE
USGS NAP TITLES PIPELINES AC OWN am AW6 0 RQUOIES MUMS SMS W"9)S PAREFEZFQ@E

61. PORT O'CONNOR x x x x x

62. DFcRos Pow x x x x x x x
SOUTH OF .
63. FALACIOS POINT I x x x x x x

64. x x X- x

65, x x x x x

66. ffisoum PotNT x y x x

67. 1 nrjr ku Atin x x x I x x x x 1

68. PASS CAVAILO SW x x x x x x x x

69. MISSION Y x x

70. LNw x x I x I x

71. ST. GvgLrs RAY x x x x x

72. I"IFSO(JITF RAY x y x x x x x y

73. PmmFR Pot.,4T x x x x x x
PANTHER
74. POINT tjE x x X I x x x

75, IkYS I DE x x -X

76. POC.-C-ORT x x x x
ST. CHARLES
77. DAY Sli x x x x I x x x x x
78. LT@ & 5 x x x x x x x x

79. GREGORY x x I x x

80. AmpisAs PASS x x x x x

81. S x x x x x X- X x x

82. ALLYNs BiGff x I x x x I x x

83. ArmyntF x I x x

84. CORPUS CHRISTI x x x x

85. PORTLNn) x x x

86. PORT INGLESIDE x x

87. Pop.T PPANsAs x x x x x x x

88. QSQ CRFFK T x x x x x

89. rpkli: IqlAtlos x x x x x x x x

x x I x I x I x

OVERLAY AND PART
ONE OVERLAY SEPARATE OVERLAYS OF BASE MP USTED OILY

STATE TRACTS
MIFE AR@MfCAL
LES @ TITLES PIPELINES kcRall mcs DOES WAR MKRIES WMES SrIPUNSVERMS-PRAW1

91. CRXJE ISLANDS SW x x x x x

92. RiviFRA BEAcm NW x x

93. Ruyam BEAcH NE x

x x I x x

95, SouTH BIRD ISLAND x x x x x y I x

06, RiviERA BEAcH x x x

97, KLEBERG PorNT x x

Ti. Pniwr n;: Prrvq x x
@oum DOD
901. ISLAM @r_ x x x x x y

LT. SARiTA 4 NE x y

I-i-i .URBOW" PASS X* x x x I x x

'!02. Po-rpFgo CORTAIr x x y x x x
MARIA ESTELLA
103. WELL

191- POTRERO I f)PF-,n NW x x x x x x x
,LpS AMIGOS
105. W! Npm I LL x x

lf;6. POTRERO Lomn %, X x x x x

107. POTRERO I nmr IF x x x x x
iTi. sazoh@ TRERO, x x x
109, UTH OF, POTRERO I
@@P,ppjn X x I x x x x x

110. PGM rXISF11:1 D x x x
SOWH OF POTRERO
W -LDPENO SE x x X x x x x x

112. UaLlamcL- X x x x

1.13. GREEN ISLN4D x Y x x
MDRTH OF PORT
114. [SABEL flW x x x x I x x

115. THREE lamps x x x x
NORTH OF PORT
116. ISABFI x x x x x x

117. Lfi, Cw x x x x

118. PQRT ]SABEL W x x x x x x x

119, UAGUIA VISTA I x x x

120. x x X x I x

121.1 x x x

0 84

1. PORT ARTMJR NORTH N2952.5-W9352.5/7-5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Neches River
Sabine Neches Canal
*GIWW

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Muddy sand and muddy shelly sand in this portion of Sabine Lake.
Mud in Neches River and GIWW. Spoil areas along GIWW.

Wetlands
Vicinity of Molasses Bayou, areas adjacent to Neches River.

Biological Description
Sabine Lake is an enclosed bay type of habitat with variable
.river influence. Some areas of freshwater marsh are located
along the Neches River. Most of the upland area is urbanized.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery Qo-1 is historical.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

*Gulf Intracoastal Waterway

2. WEST OF GREENS BAYOU N2952.5-W9345/7.5

Pipelines
G-3007-6 5/8" Coastal States Gas Prod.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Neches River
GIWW
Sabine River
Sabine Neches Canal

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Primarily mud, sandy mud to sand in Sabine Lake. Spoil areas
along channels.

Wetlands
Extensive areas along north side of Sabine Lake.

Biological Description
Sabine Lake is relatively shallow, with variable salinity and low
species diversity. Some saltwater marsh areas located alongshore.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery Qp-1 is located on Sidney Island

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Sydney Island, leased to the National Audubon Society, is
managed as a bird sanctuary.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

3. PORT ARTHUR SOUTH N2945-W9352.15/7.5

Pipelines
G-2035-16" United Gap Pipeline Co.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
GIWW
Sabine Neches Canal
Port Arthur Canal

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Mud to sandy mud; one area of shell and rock fragment
gravel and shell reef. Spoil areas along canals and GIWW.

Wetlands
Throughout the general area adjacent to and west of the Port
Arthur Canal.

Biological Description
Sabine Lake is relatively shallow, with variable salinity. Species
diversity increases toward gulf. Marsh areas vary from freshwater
inland to brackish and saltwater along lake. Some areas of made
land.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

4. WEST OF JOHNSONS BAYOU N2945-W9345/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Mud and sandy mud, muddy sand.

Wetlands
Extensive wetlands adjacent to Sabine Lake (in Louisiana).

Biological Description
Sabine Lake is shallow, with variable salinity. Saltwater marsh
areas alongshore (Louisiana); brackish to freshwater marshes
further inland.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Sabine National Wildlife Refuge (Louisiana)

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

5. STAR LAKE N2937.5-W9407.5/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion at 10-20 ft./yr.
A zone of accretion of 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
No data

Surface Sediments
Sand beach to mud and relict stiff muds offshore.

Wetlands
Large wetland areas along Salt Bayou and on either side of GIWW.

Biological Description
Gulf beach habitat followed by saltwater, brackish, and fresh-
water marshes. Some prairie grasslands, fluvial woodlands
further inland.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Sm-1 located near Willie Slough Gully
Sm-2 located near Salt Bayou
Sm-3 in the vicinity of Star Lake

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
62s

6. CLAM LAKE N2937.5-W9400/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Zones of erosion at 10 ft./yr. to greater than 20 ft./yr.
A zone of accretion at up to 10 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
Areas along 5 ft. contour stabilized by vegetation, but minimal,
if any, dune formation.

Surface Sediments
Sand beach to mud and stiff relict mud offshore.

Wetlands
Extensive wetland areas along GIWW from Keith Lake to Clam Lake.

Biological Description
Gulf beach, with salt, brackish, and freshwater marshes further
inland.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Sea Rim State Park

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
No data

7. SABINE PASS N2937.5-W9352.5/7-5

Pipelines
0-3651-6 5/8" (1) & A" (1) C & K Petroleum Inc. (Re of ME-1557)
G-2391-16" Natural Gas Pipeline Co.
G-1833-16" Transcontinental Gas Pipeline Corp.
G-1955-10" Transcontinental Gas Pipeline Corp.
G-3461-24" Transcontinental Gas Line Corp.
G-4021-12" Tejas Gas Corp.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Zones of erosion from 10-20 ft./yr. to over 20 ft.1yr.

Channels
Sabine Pass

Dunes
No data

Surface Sediments
Sand beach to mud offshore

Wetlands
Wetland areas are bounded by Sabine Pass, Keith Lake, and gulf
beach.

Biological Description
Gulf beach habitat changing to saltwater, brackish, and freshwater
marshes, interspersed with grass-covered ridges, landlocked ponds
and lakes, small urban areas.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Sea Rim State Park

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
9s
11s
22s
35s

0 91

8. TEXAS POINT N2937.5-W9345/7-5

Pipelines
G-2184-16" United Gas Pipeline Co.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion at over 20 ft./yr.
A zone of accretion at 10 ft./yr.

Channels
Sabine Pass anchorage basin and ship channel.

Dunes
No data

Surface Sediments
Mud and relict stiff muds offshore.

Wetlands
Wetland areas between gulf beach and Mud Lake.

Biological Description
Narrow beach habitat, changing to saltwater, brackish, and freshwater
marshes inland, interspersed with grass-covered ridges. Small urban
areas along Sabine Pass.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
No data

9. COVE N2945-W9445/7-5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accreti6n
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sand along bay edge, changing to muddy sand, sandy mud, and mud
toward bay center.

Wetlands
Wetland areas are adjacent to and north of Trinity Bay.

Biological Description
Trinity Bay has lower species diversity than Galveston Bay. Some
zones of submerged grasses in Trinity Bay. Extensive marshes of varying
salinity are located along edges of Trinity Bay, Cotton Lake, and
Old River Lake. Lost Lake has adjacent freshwater marshes.
Upland changes from grasslands to mixed pine and hardwood forest.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rh-1 located along Trinity River
Rh-2 and Rh-3 located north of Trinity River in wetland areas.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

10. ANAHUAC N2945-W9437.5/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Trinity River

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sand along bay shore changing to muddy sand, sandy mud and mud
toward bay center.

Wetlands
Wetland areas located between Trinity Bay, Lake Anahuac and along
Trinity River.

Biological Description
Trinity Bay is shallow, has low species diversity, and is adjacent
to fresh- to brackish-water marshes. Lake Anahuac is a landlocked
freshwater lake, also adjacent to fresh- to brackish-water marshes.
Urban areas around Lake Anahuac.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

0 94

11. LA PORTE N2937.5-W9500/7-5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
San Jacinto River-Houston Ship Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Galveston Bay has a sand shoreline changing to mud toward bay center.
San Jacinto River contains primarily mud with some areas of sand.

Wetlands
Small areas of wetlands along San Jacinto River.

Biological Description
Most of the area is urban; otherwise, small marshy margins of
channels and bays changing to grasslands and fluvial woodlands.
Much made land (spoil) along San Jacinto River.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

12. MORGAN POINT N2937.5-W9452.5/7.5

Pipelines
O/G 2225-12" & 14" Humble Oil
ME-684-10" No data
G-987-2" Pipeline removed
0-825-2" Pipeline removed
0-676-2" No data
G-884-2" Humble Oil
O/G-2345-2", V, & 8" Humble Oil
O/G-2977-6" Exxon
0-2761-6" Chevron (expired)
0-1907-4k" Getty Oil
G-3677-8 5/8" Tenagases Gas Gathering Co.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
San Jacinto River-Houston Ship Channel
Cedar Bayou Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Mud and muddy sand in bay. Some areas of sand near Sea Crest Park.

Wetlands
Wetlands in vicinity of Cedar Bayou

Biological Description
Open shallow bay and bay margin habitat. Saltwater marsh and
brackish-water marshes at Houston Point, Swan Marsh, and Cedar
Bayou. Spoil areas along channels, Atkinson Island, and in bay.
Upland mostly urban; some grasslands and wooded areas.

Oyster Reefs
Two large reefs in Trinity Bay; two smaller reefs in Galveston Bay.

Rookeries
Rookeries Sg-1 through Sg-4 are in vicinity of Atkinson Island,
Fisher Marsh, and Cedar Bayou spoil area.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

13. UMBRELLA POINT N2937.5-W9445/7.5

Pipelines
0-1907-4k" Getty Oil
G-3677-8 5/8" Tenngases Gas Gathering Co.
O/G-3372-411 Sun Oil Co.
G-1963-8" & 10" Pennzoil Pipeline Co.
0-3801-4k" Amerada Hess Corp.
O/G-2454-2 7/8" McMoran Exploration Co.
G-2193-6" Humble Oil
0-671-4" No data
O/G-1359-6" Expired
G-2741-4" Exxon
G-2197-8" Humble Oil
0-1124-611 Abandoned
G-673-8" No data
0-1992-4" Humble Oil
0-992-2" Cities Service
0-2864-3" Exxon
O/G-3661-2k" Exxon
0-1223-2k" Humble Oil
0-1224-2k" Humble Oil
O/G-2911-2k" Exxon
G-3550-2k" El Paso Natural Gas
0-5650-2k" & 2" No data
0-2016-2" Humble Oil
0-1216-21f Abandoned
O/G-3224-211 Exxon
0-2619-2k" Exxon
0-2071-2k" Humble Oil
0-1145-2" Humble (expired)
0-3026-2" Exxon
0-1206-2" Humble Oil
O/G-1144-2k" Humble Oil
0-2936-21' Exxon
G-799 Texaco
4114-2" Exxon
O/G-2198-611 Humble Oil
O/G-1868-2" Humble Oil
0-1729-2" Humble Oil
0-3399-2k" Exxon
0-3571-2" Exxon
0-2562-2k" & 2" Exxon
O/G-1869-2" Humble Oil (cancelled)
0-3091-2" South Texas Petroleum, Inc. (expired)
O/G-2430-2k" Humble Oil

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

13. UMBRELLA POINT (cont.)

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sand near bayshore changing to mud and sandy mud in bay.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Open bay habitat, shallow, river-influenced, high turbidity,
with low species diversity. Upland with prairie grassland,
fluvial woodland, and urban areas.

Oyster Reefs
Large area of oyster reefs on the west side of Trinity Bay.

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

14. OAK ISLAND N2937.5-W9437-5/7.5

Pipelines
O/G-840-6 5/8" Texaco (abandoned)
O/G-840-3" Texaco (abandoned)
G-799 Texaco, Inc.
0-1680-2k" Humble Oil
O/G-3417 Exxon
4114-2" Exxon
O/G-2198-6" Humble Oil
O/G-1868-2" Humble Oil
G-2197-8" Humble Oil
O/G-3469-8" Exxon

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Trinity River Channel
Anahuac Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sand nearshore changing to mud, sandy mud, and some areas of shelly
sand in bay.

Wetlands
Some wetland areas located along Anahuac Channel and south of
Double Bayou.

Biological Description
River-influenced open bay and bay margin habitat with high turbidity
and low species diversity. Spoil areas along channels; prairie
grasslands upland.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

15. LEAGUE CITY N2930-W9500/7-5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Clear Lake Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Primarily mud in Clear Lake. Galveston Bay has sand beach
changing to mud, sandy mud, and sandy muddy shell in bay.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Areas near Kemah and Todville in west Galveston Bay contained submerged
grasses at one time, Spoil areas near Kemah. Brackish-water marsh areas
in vicinities of Clear Lake, Clear Creek, Mud Lake and Taylor Lake. Upland
with prairie grasslands and fluvial woodlands.

Oyster Reefs
Located east of Kemah near channel and east of Todville.

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

0 100

16. BACLIFF N2930-W9452.5/7.5

Pipelines
0-2238-10" Humble
G-1937-2" Sun Oil Co.
G-1995-2k" Sun Oil Co.
G-1935-2k" Sun Oil Co.
G-1936-2k" Sun Oil Co.
0-1963-8" & 10" Pennzoil Pipeline Co.
O/G-3850-4" Houston Oil & Mineral
O/G-3435-6", 811 & 1211 Houston Oil & Mineral
O/G-3583-4" Houston Oil & Mineral
O/G-3582-411 Houston Oil & Mineral
O/G-3581-3" Houston Oil & Mineral
4095-411 Houston Oil & Mineral
0-3800-8" Exxon (Re of ME-1644 & 2428)
O/G-2225-12" & 14" Humble Oil
G-987-2" Humble Oil (pipeline removed)
0-676-2" Not listed
0-825-2" Humble Oil (pipeline removed)
O/G-2345-2", 4" & 8" Humble Oil
O/G-2345-2" Y 2k" (2),
4" (2) j 8'f Humble Oil
0-2876-2" Exxon
0-1678-2" Humble
0-2875-2" Exxon
G-2922-2" Exxon (Re of ME-1123)
G-1000-2" Cities Service
0-3605-211 Exxon
G-1151-2" Humble Oil
0-2847-2" Amoco Pipeline Co.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Houston Ship Channel
Clear Creek Channel
Clifton Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sand nearshore, changing to mud, sandy mud, and muddy sand in
bay; shelly in vicinity of reefs.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Enclosed bay and bay margin habitats. Soft substrate, high
turbidity, extensive oyster reefs.

101

16. BACLIFF (cont.)

Oyster Reefs
Many scattered throughout Galveston Bay; largest areas near Red
Fish Island and Red Fish Bar.

Rookeries
Rookeries Tg-1 on Red Fish Island and Tg-2 on Bulkhead Reef.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

102

17. SMITH POINT N2930-W9445/7.5

Pipelines
(See appendices A, B and C for listings of shorter pipelines in
the Redfish Reef Oil Field.)

G-2908-611 Seagull Pipeline Co.
0-3580-6 5/8" (2) & 4V Houston Oil & Mineral
0-2612-12" Houston Oil & Mineral
O/G-3759-411 (2) Hannah Island Gathering System
O/G-1976-12" Pan American Gas Co.
O/G-1809-2411 Florida Gas Transmission Co.
0-2086-2" Humble Oil
0-3668-2k" Exxon (Re of ME-1575)
G-1864-411 Houston Lighting & Power
O/G-2937-611 Exxon (Re of ME-1139 & 1140)
G-1151-2" Humble Oil
0-2238-10" Humble Oil
0-2847-2k" Amoco Pipeline
0-2390-2k't Humble Oil
O/G-2345-2", 4" & 811 Humble Oil
0-3606-2" Exxon
G-3686-2" Pinto Pipeline Co.
0-3253-6" & 4" Exxon
O/G-2627-2" & 2@ff Exxon
0-1451-2k" Abandoned
O/G-1520-2k" Standard Oil Co. of Texas
O/G-3621-6 5/8" Pennzoil Pipeline Co.
G-2760-6 5/8" Chevron Oil Co.
O/G-3334-2k" Davis Oil Co.
G-1122-41' Sun Oil Co.
G-1908-4" Abandoned
OIG-3372-411 Sun Oil Co.
0-2761-61' Chevron Oil (expired)
G-1963-8" & 10" Pennzoil Pipeline Co.
G-3677-8 5/8" Tenngases Gas Gathering Co.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Trinity River Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Bay is mostly mud; many reef areas, especially west of Smith Point,
associated with mud and sandy shell.

0 103

17. SMITH POINT (cont.)

Wetlands
Wetlands in the general area bounded by Morgan Point, Trout Point,
Smith Point, and Frankland Point.

Biological Description
Enclosed shallow bay and bay margin habitats, high turbidity, away
from river influence, reduced species diversity. Saltwater marsh
along shore.

Oyster Reefs
Extensive oyster reefs at Red Fish Bar and Red Fish Reef; also
several scattered in Trinity Bay.

Rookeries
Rookeries Th-1 and Th-2 at Vingt-et-un Islands; Th-3 and Th-4
along Trinity River Channel.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
The Vingt-et-un Islands area, leased to the National Audubon
Society, is managed as a bird sanctuary.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

104

18. LAKE STEPHENSON N2930-W9437.5/7.5

Pipelines
G-4067-2 7/8" Total Petroleum
G-2908-6" Seagull Pipeline Co.
O/G-1945-2k" (2) Humble Oil
O/G-2768-4" Exxon
O/G-3589-3" & 4" Robert Mosbacher
O/G-3908-2" & 3" Robert Mosbacher

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Trinity River Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Mud, sandy mud, small area of sandy muddy shell in Trinity Bay.
East Bay with sand and muddy sand nearshore changing to mud and
shelly mud in bay.

Wetlands
Wetlands are north and south of State Highway 562.

Biological Description
Shallow, soft-bottomed bay habitat with oyster reefs. Alongshore
brackish to freshwater marshes; some recently inundated areas.

Oyster Reefs
Extensive oyster reefs in East Bay.

Rookeries
Rookeries Ti-l and Ti-2 near Trinity River Channel; Ti-3 near Lake
Surprise.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

105

19. FROZEN POINT N2930-W9430/7.5

Pipelines
G-2824-611 Allied Chemical Corp.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
Some dunes near Caplen, stablized by vegetation.

Surface Sediments
Mud, sandy mud, muddy sand, sand, and one area of muddy shell near
oyster reefs.

Wetlands
Large areas of wetlands at Willow Marsh and bayside of Bolivar
Peninsula.

Biological Description
Open bay, shallow, high turbidity, soft-bottomed; bay margins
include saltwater marshes, tidal creeks. Upland with brackish
to freshwater marshes and large areas of prairie grasslands.

Oyster Reefs
One large and a few smaller oyster reefs scattered west of Ghost
Bayou and Big Pasture Bayou.

Rookeries
Part of rookery Tk-1 located near Rollover Bay

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

106

20. HIGH ISLAND N2930-W9422.5/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr. but most of beach eroding at
10-20 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
Areas above 5 ft. contour stabilized by vegetation but little, if
any, dune structure. Four blowout and three washover areas close
to existing developments.

Surface Sediments
Sand beach changing to mud offshore; one area of relict stiff mud.

Wetlands
Large areas along Oyster Bayou to Mud Bayou and along East Bay
Bayou.

Biological Description
Gulf beach and enclosed bay, bay margin habitats; extensive areas
of brackish and freshwater marshes; some prairie grasslands upland.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery Tk-1 in Rollover Bay vicinity

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
115s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
137s

107

21. MUD LAKE N2930-W941517-5

Pipelines
G-3381-20" Seagull Pipeline Corp.
G-2005-4k" King Resources Co.
O/G/W-445-4" No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Erosion of beach at 10-20 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
Areas stabilized by vegetation above 5 ft. contour, but dune
structure is minimal.

Surface Sediments
Sand beach, usually mud or sandy mud offshore; some areas of shelly
mud, muddy shell and sandy shell. Many areas of relict stiff muds.

Wetlands
Wetland area along GIWW and to gulf beach.

Biological Description
Gulf beach habitat, extensive brackish to freshwater marshes inland.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
101s
115s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
122s
30L-1Q

108

22. SOUTH OF STAR LAKE N2930-W9407.5/7.5

Pipelines
G-1852-12" United Gas Pipeline Co.
OIG-3551-8" The Kilroy Company of Texas
G-2018-12" Pennzoil Pipeline Co.
G-3381-20" Seagull Pipeline Co.
0-2421-4k" Chevron Oil Co.
G-1572-3" Occidental Petroleum Corp. (expired)
O/G-1571-2k" & 4k't Occidental Petroleum Corp. (expired)
G-1827-16" United Gas Pipeline Co.
0-1816-8 5/811 Atlantic Richfield Co.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Zones of erosion at 10-20 ft./yr.

Channels
No data

Dunes
No data

Surface Sediments
Sand beach changing to mud, sandy mud, and shelly mud offshore;
many areas of relict stiff muds beyond 18 ft. deep. Inactive
and potentially active faults in tracts 7L, 79s-65s.

Wetlands
Wetlands are located inshore from beach.

Biological Description
Gulf beach habitat changing to brackish to freshwater marshes
inland.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
62s
64s
65s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
40 30L-1Q
109

23. TEXAS CITY N2922.5-W9452.5/7.5

Pipelines
W-2813-16" Gulf Coast Waste Disposal Authority
O/G-3274-6 5/8" Houston Oil & Mineral Corp.
O/G-3278-6 5/811 Texas Electric Service Co.
O/G-3287-12" Seagull Pipeline Co.
O/G-3272-6 5/8" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3273-6 5/8" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-1976-18" Pan American Gas Co.
O/G-1809-24" Florida Gas Transmission Co.
0-2238-10" Humble Oil Co.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Texas City ship channel and turning basin
Dickinson Bay Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Mud, sandy mud, muddy sand and sand near Texas City; shelly sand
near reefs off of Eagle Point.

Wetlands
Wetlands adjoining and around Moses Lake, Dollar Bay, Moses Bayou,
Dickinson Bayou, and Salt Bayou.

Biological Description
Enclosed shallow bay and bay margin habitats. Oyster reefs present.
Saltwater and some brackish-water marshes along shorelines. Much
of upland area is urban.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
Rookery Ug-1 in vicinity of Moses Lake.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Snake Island, leased to the Houston Audubon Society, is a bird
sanctuary.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable
0 110

24. PORT BOLIVAR N2922.5-W9445/7.5

Pipelines
(See Appendix D for listing of shorter pipelines near Port Bolivar.)

O/G-3273-6 5/8" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3278-6 5/8" Texas Electric Service Co.
O/G-3397-3k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3473-6 5/8" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3468-3k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3762-4" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
0-3693-3" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
0-3763-4" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3330-2k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3468-3" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3272-6 5/8ff Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3287-12" Seagull Pipeline Co.
O/G-3274-6 5/8" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3398-3k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3281-3k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3464-3k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
0-3579-611 The Dow Chemical Co.
O/G-3328-3k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3391-3k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3275-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3395-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3467-4k Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3515-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
P-3909 Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
0-3506-6" Ensearch Exploration, Inc.
O/G-3396-3k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-1976-18" Pan American Gas Co.
O/G-1809-24" Florida Gas Transmission Co.
O/G-3759-4" (2) Hannah Island Gathering System
0-2612-12" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-4102-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-4013-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3490-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
0-3716-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3681-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
G-3950-2 7/8" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
OIG-3585-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3678-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3692-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
G-2373-411 Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-4026-4@lt Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

24. PORT BOLIVAR (cont.)

Channels
Houston Ship Channel
GIWW
Texas City Ship Channel
Trinity River Channel

Note Restricted Area of Galveston Bay for seaplane use.

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Primarily mud and sandy mud, many reef structures associated with
sandy and muddy shell. Some areas of sand.

Wetlands
Small areas near Port Bolivar.

Biological Description
Open shallow bay, bay margin habitats, tidal and inlet influences,
extensive reef areas. Small saltwater marsh areas on Bolivar
Peninsula.

Oyster Reefs
Extensive oyster reefs at confluence of Galveston and East Bays;
other scattered reefs, e.g., Halfmoon Shoal.

Rookeries
Rookery Uh-1 in the area of Hanna Reef.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

112

25. FLAKE N2922.5-W9437.5/7-5

Pipelines
In Galveston Bay:
O/G-3606-2" Exxon
0-3580-6 5/8" (2)
& 4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3584-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.

In Gulf of Mexico:
G-3747-1611 Black Marlin Pipeline Corp.
0-3559-3k" (2), 4k-- (2) Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
0/0-3407-3k" (8) Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
G-3381-20" Seagull Pipeline Corp.
G-3667-8 5/8" Seagull Pipeline Corp.
O/G-3412-4kil Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3408-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3411-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3409-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3410-4k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3538-3" (2) Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept.
O/G-3714-4" (2) Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3406-3k" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
O/G-3413-8" & 2 7/8" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.
Zones of accretion at 0-10 ft./yr. increasing to 10-20 ft./yr.
at west end of Bolivar Peninsula.

Channels
GIWW
Note Seaplane Restricted Area in Galveston Bay.

Dunes
Areas along beach and State Highway 87 stabilized by vegetation
between developed areas, usually above the 5 ft, or 10 ft.
contour lines.

Surface Sediments
Galveston Bay with sand and muddy sand near bayshore changing to
mud, sandy mud and sandy shell in bay.
Gulf with sand beach changing to sandy mud and mud offshore.

Wetlands
Wetlands north and west of Crystal Beach, south and west of Flake.

113

25. FLAKE (cont.)

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habitat; much urban area. Shallow bay and
bay margin habitat with saltwater marshes along shore.

Oyster Reefs
Large number of oyster reefs in the general area of Hanna Reef)
Galveston Bay. Other oyster reefs north of Elmgrove Point and
Stingaree Point in East Bay.

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
170s
171s
184s through 194s
101L-3Q

114

26. CAPLEN N2922.5-W9430/7.5

Pipelines
G-3747-16" Black Marlin Pipeline Co.
G-3667-8 5/8" Seagull Pipeline Corp.
0-2461-2 5/8" Mitchell Energy Offshore Corp.
G-2470-8" Natural Gas Pipeline Co.
0-2465-4" Mitchell Energy Offshore Corp.
3095-2 7/8" (2) Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.
G-3381-20" Seagull Pipeline Corp.
G-3715-3" Mitchell Energy Offshore Corp.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr. extends along most of the beach.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
Areas stabilized with vegetation along 5 ft. and 10 ft. contours,
intermittent with developed areas.

Surface Sediments
Primarily mud, sandy mud and muddy sand in bay. Gulf with sand
extending from beach to 1 mile offshore, changing to mud, sandy
mud, and a large area of muddy sand, muddy shelly sand.

Wetlands
Remnants of wetlands located along GIWW and bayside of Bolivar
Peninsula.

Biological Description
Gulf and gulf beach habitat; somewhat lower species diversity
than open gulf. Saltwater marsh areas along GIWW. Shallow
bay habitat, reef west of Yates Cove.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
143s
147s
157s
0 99L-4Q

115

27. VIRGINIA POINT N2915-W9452-5/7.5

Pipelines
G-1220-2k" Pan American Petroleum Corp.
O/G-1210-2k" John W. Mecom
G-2040-4" Clinton Oil Co.
G-2199-8" & 1411 Southern Union Gas
G-2838-12" Houston Pipeline Co.
O/GW-3804-14 Amoco Oil Co.
G-3916-6" Houston Pipeline Co.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Primarily mud and sandy mud in bays with some shelly mud, muddy
and sandy shell. Reefs in West Bay near North Deer Island and
South Deer Island.

Wetlands
Wetlands are located near Gangs Bayou, the Deer Islands, Greene
Lake, Highland Bayou, Jones Bay and Swan Lake.

Biological Description
Shallow, turbid, soft-bottomed bay with moderate species diversity.
Wetlands mostly saltwater marsh areas; some brackish-water marshes
and tidal creeks, mixed with prairie grasslands, many urban areas.
Reefs in Galveston Bay.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
Rookeries Vg-1 in Swan Lake area, Vg-2 through Vg-9 on and between
Galveston Island and Wilson Point.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

116

28. GALVESTON N2915-W9445.5/7.5

Pipelines
Gulf of Mexico:
G-3252-6 5/8" Texas Gas Corp.
0-3089-6 5/8" Houston Oil & Minerals Corp.

Bays:
W-3590-30" Galveston County Water Authority
G-3916-6" Houston Pipeline Co.
G-2838-12" Houston Pipeline Co.
G-2199-8" & 1411 Southern Union Gas Co.
G-1301-12" Houston Pipeline Co.
O/G/W-3859 2" & 3" (3) Mitchell Energy Offshore Corp.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion along West Beach at 0-10 ft./yr.
Accretion zones along East Beach at 10 ft./yr. to over 20 ft./yr.

Channels
Inner Bar Channel
Houston Ship Channel
Texas City Ship Channel
Galveston Channel
GIWW
Anchorage area at Bolivar Roads
Dunes Most of beach is replaced by the Galveston seawall. A blowout
area exists along East Beach where there is no seawall.

Surface Sediments
Sandy gulf beaches changing to sandy mud and mud offshore. A potentially
active fault about 3 miles offshore.
Bay margins of sand; sandy mud, mud, and extensive reefs in bay.

Wetlands
Small areas of wetlands are located on Bolivar Pennisula, Pelican Island,
and near the edges of urban areas on Galveston Island.

Biological Description
Open gulf shelf and beach habitats. Tidal inlet to open shallow bays
with reef communities. Small areas of saltwater marshes on Pelican
Island and around Sydnor Bayou and Horseshoe Lake. Spoil areas near
ship channels. Large urban area on Galveston Island. Bolivar Roads
is a major exchange between bays and Gulf of Mexico.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
Rookeries Vh-1 through Vh-4 are in the vicinities of Pelican
Island, Bolivar Peninsula and the Texas City Dike.

117

28. GALVESTON (cont.)

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
215s
221s
229s
241s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
148L-1,3Q
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
220s
223s
224s

29. THE JETTIES N2915-W9437-5/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of accretion at East Beach over 20 ft./yr.

Channels
Galveston ship channel (inner and outer bars)
Anchorage area within jetties
Offshore spoil area

Dunes
Little dune structure although some stabilizing vegetation back
from beach. A blowout and washover area near south jetty.

Surface Sediments
Sand extending from beach to nearly 2 miles offshore, changing
to mud, sandy mud and muddy sand. Some areas of relict stiff
muds offshore. Small area of sandy shell, shell and rock
fragment gravel near Inner Bar Channel. Three potentially active
faults and one inactive fault offshore.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Gulf shelf, beach and inlet habitat; moderate species diversity; a
major inlet and migration route to bays and gulf. Dredged
material disposal site in gulf.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery Vi-1 located near south jetty.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Old Fort San Jacinto on Galveston Island.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
207s

119

29. THE JETTIES (cont.)

State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
194s through 197s
201s
208s
209s
211s
218s
225s
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
198s
199S
200s
202s through 206s
210s
212s
213s
214s
216s
217s
219s
226s

120

30. HOSKINS MOUND N2907.5-W9567.5/7.5

Pipelines
G-4020-4k" General Crude Oil Company
G-3294-2 7/8" General Crude Oil Company

Beach Erosioa/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
GIWW
Chocolate Bayou

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Surface Sediments are primarily mud, sandy mud and muddy sand.

Wetlands
Wetland areas are in Wharton Bayou, Chocolate Bayou, and New Bayou.

Biological Description
Bay and bay margin habitats with moderate species diversity. Submerged
grasses are located along bay margins in West Bay and Chocolate Bay.
Shorelines and some inshore areas are saltwater and brackish-water
marshes, interspersed with prairie grasslands, small areas of barren
land with tidal creeks. Freshwater marshes are further inland. Oysters
on spoil mounds along Chocolate Bayou Channel.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

121

31. SEA ISLE N2907.5-W9500/7.5

Pipelines
G-4020-4k General Crude Oil Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There are alternating zones of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr. and accretion
at 0-10 ft./yr. along West Beach.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
There are stabilized dunes and other vegetated areas above the 5 ft.
contour except for the urban areas of Sea Isle and Bay Harbor. One
washover area is near Bay Harbor.

Surface Sediments
Bays have sandy shorelines changing to sandy mud and mud with distance
from shore. Sandy muddy shell sediment is found in vicinity of reefs
at Carancahua Reef and Shell Island. Sand extends from gulf beach to
about k mile offshore, then sediment is primarily mud.

Wetlands
Wetland areas extend from Carancahua Lake to Chocolate Bay. Other areas
are Galveston Island bayside from Bird Island Cove to Snake Island Cove.

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habitat with high species diversity. Bays and
bay margins are shallow, with varying degrees of species diversity
and large areas of submerged grasses along bay shorelines to 1 mile
bayward. Saltwater, brackish, and freshwater marshes intermingled
with sand flats.

Oyster Reefs
See Surface Sediments.

Rookeries
Rookeries Wf-l and Wf-2 are located at Snake Island and near Bay Harbor,
respectively.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
No data

122

32. LAKE COMO N2907-5/W9452.5/7.5

Pipelines
O/G/W-3804-14" Amoco Oil Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr. along beach.

Channels
No data

Dunes
Many areas stabilized by vegetation interspersed among urban areas
and five blowout areas.

Surface Sediments
Sand along bay shorelines, changing to sandy mud, shelly mud towards
bay center. Reef structures are indicated at Carancahua Reef. Gulf
beach sand changes to sandy mud, muddy sand about k mile offshore;
mud and shelly mud further offshore.

Wetlands
Wetland areas are located along Galveston Island bayside.

Biological Description
Gulf shelf with high species diversity and gulf beach habitat. Shallow
bays and bay margins are soft-bottomed, with variable species diversity
and submerged grass areas near Galveston Island. Bayside saltwater
marshes, bayous; small sand flats near urban areas.

Oyster Reefs
See Surface Sediments.

Rookeries
Rookeries Wg-l through Wg-4 are located at Melager Cove, Mensell Bayou,
Starvation Cove, and Hoeckers Point, respectively.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Galveston Island State Park

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
278s

123

33. OYSTER CREEK N2900-W9515/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretioa
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
No data

Wetlands
Wetlands are in the vicinity of Salt Bayou, Bastrop Bayou, and Salt Lake.

Biological Description
Landlocked fresh to saline water bodies. Freshwater marsh along Salt
Bayou and Bastrop Bayou. Brackish to freshwater marshes around Salt Lake.
Upland prairie grasslands and a few small urban areas.

Oyster Reefs
Not applicable

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Brazoria National Wildlife Refuge

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

124

34. CHRISTMAS POINT N2900-W9507.5/7.5

Pipelines
Bastrop Bay
0-960-4" Gulf Oil Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Zones of erosion vary from 0-10 ft./yr., to 10-20 ft./yr., to over
20 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW
San Luis Pass

Dunes
Areas of beach stabilized by vegetation above 5 ft. contour with
exception of five washovers and one blowout.

Surface Sediments
Bays with sandy shorelines, changing to shelly mud, sandy mud and mud
toward bay center. Gulf with sand beach changing to muddy sand 1 to
2 miles offshore and to mud further offshore.

Wetlands
Most of the areas around Oyster Lake, Alligator Lake, Cox Lake, Salt
Lake, Drum Bay, Christmas Bay, Bastrop Bay and West Bay are wetlands.

Biological Description
Shallow bays, bay margin habitats with soft bottoms, submerged grasses;
some moderate species diversity. Adjacent wetlands are primarily salt-
water marshes, fresh- to brackish-water marshes further inland. Many spoil
areas. Gulf shelf and beach habitat, high species diversity offshore.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookeries Xe-1 on Bird Island, Xe-2 on San Luis Island, Yd-2 on Follets
Island.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Bird Island, under lease to the National Audubon Society, is managed
as a sanctuary.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
330s
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
320s
321s

125

35. SAN LUIS PASS N2900-W9500/7-5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion along West Beach at 0-10 ft./yr. increasing to
10-20 ft./yr. near San Luis Pass. A zone of erosion on San Luis
Island at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
San Luis Pass

Dunes
Large vegetated area above the 5 ft. contour from Bay Harbor to end of
Galveston Island. One washover along West Beach; two washovers near the
very end of Galveston Island,

Surface Sediments
Bay sediments are mostly sandy mud and sand. Gulf surface
sediments are sand from beach to over 1 mile offshore, changing to
areas of sandy mud, mud, and shelly sandy mud.

Wetlands
Small wetland areas located on bayside of Galveston Island.

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and shoreface habitats. An inlet area, some submerged grasses
near bay shoreline of Galveston Island. Upland vegetated with grasses.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery Xf-1 located near Motto.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
299s
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
300S
301s
310s through 314s
218L-3Q

A 126

78. ST. CHARLES BAY SE N2800-W9645/7.5

Pipelines
Gulf of Mexico
G-3453-3" M.cMoran Exploration Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
No data

Dunes
The dunes are well-developed and stabilized by vegetation, but discon-
tinuous with blowout and washover areas.

Surface Sediments
Gulf sediments are sand extending from beach up to 4 miles offshore
before changing to muddy sandy, sandy mud, then mud.
Cedar Bayou sediments are sand, sandy mud, and mud.
Mesquite Bay sediments change from sand near shore to muddy sand away
from shore.

Wetlands
Wetlands are located between Vinson Slough, Cedar Bayou, and around
Mesquite Bay.

Biological Description
There are large areas of grasslands, sand and mud flats, and saltwater
marshes between Vinson Slough and Cedar Bayou. Submerged grasses
occur in the shallow margins of Mesquite Bay.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery fR-1 is in the vicinity of Cedar Bayou.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
750s
751s
775s

180

79. GREGORY N2752.5-W9715/7.5

Pipelines
Corpus Christi Bay
G-3341-10 3/4" Reynolds Pipeline Company
G-3641-2 7/8" J. L. Hamon

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
La Quinta channel and turning basin

Dunes
No data

Surface Sediments
Bay sediments change from sand alongshore to muddy sand away from shore.

Wetlands
Small wetland areas are along bay margin.

Biological Description
Nueces Bay is shallow, soft bottomed, turbid, and has more freshwater
influence than Corpus Christi Bay. Shell ridges are scattered in
Nueces Bay. Corpus Christi Bay is similar but more saline, with some
areas of submerged grasses. Upland of grasses, wooded areas, urban areas
and much agricultural land.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
No data

181

80. ARANSAS PASS N2752.5-W9707.5/7.5

Pipelines
G-2440-6" Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company
G-3564-12" Houston Pipeline Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
No data

Channels
GIWW
Aransas Channel
Ransom Island Channel

Dunes
No data

Surface Sediments
Sediments of Port Bay are sandy mud and muddy sand.
Sediments of Redfish Bay are muddy shell, sandy shell, and sandy shelly
mud.

Wetlands
Wetlands are located in the vicinity of McCampbell Slough and around
Port Bay.

Biological Description
Redfish Bay is shallow, has large areas of submerged grasses and scattered
oysters: Mangroves do occur in this area. Much made land and urban
areas. Saltwater and brackish to freshwater marshes are around Port
Bay. Upland of prairie grasslands, scrub brush and wooded areas.

Oysters
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
Rookeries gP-3 and gP-4 are along the GIWW near Conn Brown Harbor.
Rookery hO-5 is on Ransom Island.

Mangroves
See Biological Description.

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

182

81. ESTES N2752.5-W9700/7.5

Pipelines
Corpus Christi Bay
G-2440-6" Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company
G-3564-12" Houston Pipeline Company
G-3882-2k" H. E. Hunt Estate
G-1449-2 7/8" Socony Oil Corporation
G-1563-12" Lo-Vaca Gathering Company
Redfish Bay
O/G-3676-3k" Tamarack Petroleum Company, Inc.
0-2519-2k" Culberson Well Service
South Bay
O/G-3611-3k' Tamarack Petroleum Company, Inc.
O/G-3787-3k" Tamarack Petroleum Company, Inc.
O/G-3848-3k" Tamarack Petroleum Company, Inc.
O/G-3620-3k" Tamarack Petroleum Company, Inc.
Aransas Bay
G-4045-4@" Florida Gas Transmission Company
G-1805-4" Florida Gas Transmission Company
G-2164-4" Lo-Vaca Gathering Company
G-1901-8" Lo-Vaca Gathering Company
G-1966-2 7/8" King Resources Company
G-1968-2 7/8" King Resources Company
G-4032-4" Davis Oil Company
G-1967-2 7/8" King Resources Company
G-3705-2k" Getty Oil Company
G-2024-2 7/8" Getty Oil Company
O/G-3486-8'1(2) Houston Oil & Minerals

Beach Erosion/Accretion
A zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
Aransas Channel
GIWW

Dunes
Dunes are active, with large blowout areas and smaller infrequent areas
of stabilizing vegetation. Some washover areas also exist.

Surface Sediments
Sediments are scattered areas of mud, sandy mud, shelly mud, sand,
muddy sand, shelly sand, and muddy shell, sandy shell near oyster reefs.

Wetlands
Wetlands are located along Harbor Island, Traylor Island, Mud Island,
and smaller areas of Hog Island and Lydia Ann Island.

Biological Description
Bays are shallow and have many large areas of submerged grasses.
Scattered oysters and oyster ridges also occur, particularly in the
vicinity of Harbor Island and Mud Island. Bay margins characterized

183

81. ESTES (cont.)

by saltwater marshes, sand and mud flats, and berms. Much made land)
upland prairie grassland, and some urban areas.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
Rookeries gP-1, gP-2, gP-3, gP-4, gP-5, and gP-7 are located throughout
the Redfish Bay and Harbor Island area. Rookery gP-6 is located on Lydia
Ann Island.

Mangroves
An extensive distribution of mangroves occurs in the Redfish Bay area,
particularly on and around Harbor Island.

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Lydia Ann Island, leased to the National Audubon Society, is managed
as a bird sanctuary.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
No data

184

82. ALLYNS BIGHT N2752.5-W9652.5/7.5

Pipelines
Gulf of Mexico
G-1566-12k" Lo-Vaca Gathering Company
0-4112-3k" & 10k" Corpus Christi Oil & Gas Company
Aransas Bay
G-4045-4k-I Florida Gas Transmission Company
G-1805-4" Florida Gas Transmission Company
G-4032-4" Davis Oil Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There is a zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
No data

Dunes
There is a well-developed, vegetated, continuous dune ridge from northern
limit of map to near Fairmont Ranch. From this point south the stabilized
dune areas are interspersed with blowout areas. Three blowout areas occur
near the bayside of St. Joseph Island.

Surface Sediments
Gulf sediments are sand to 4 miles offshore, then change to muddy
sand, sandy mud, and mud with increasing depth. A potentially active
fault runs parallel to the beach about 4 miles offshore. Inactive faults
are parallel and perpendicular to the beach from 2 to 5 miles offshore.
Bay sediments change from sandy shorelines to some muddy sand and mud
away from shore.

Wetlands
Wetland areas are located on Mud Island and are adjacent to Allyns Lake.

Biological Description
Gulf shelf, beach, and barrier island habitats. St. Josephs Island
has large areas of grasslands, sand flats, dunes, and berms near bay
shoreline.
Aransas Bay is open, shallow, with moderate salinity, soft sediment,
many submerged grasses. Bay margins have saltwater marshes and mud
flats.
Mangroves occur in this area.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
See Biological Description.

185

82. ALLYNS BIGHT (cont.)

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
798s
693L - 3Q
721L - 1Q

186

83. ANNAVILLE N2745-W9730/7.5

Pipelines
0-2955-8" Sun Pipeline Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Viola Channel
Nueces River

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sediments in Nueces Bay are muddy sand and muddy shelly sand.

Wetlands
Wetland areas are adjacent to Nueces Bay.

Biological Description
Saltwater and brackish to freshwater marshes border the Nueces River)
along with low fluvial areas. Uplands contain grasses, scrub woods, as
well as urban and agricultural areas.

Oysters Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

187

84. CORPUS CHRISTI N2745-W9722.5/7.5

Pipelines
0-1675-8"(2) Coastal States Crude Gathering Company
0-3870-8" Coastal States Crude Gathering Company
G-2791-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
G-3576-12 3/411 Florida Gas Trans. Company
O/G-3563-3k" Mobil Oil Corporation
O/G-3785-2 7/8" Teal Petroleum Company
4100-611 Permian Corporation
O/G-3547-6" Sun Pipeline Company
0-2522-8 5/8" Champlin Petroleum Company
G-731-2k" Texaco, Inc.
0-735-3" Texaco, Inc.
O/G-3388-8" Arco Pipeline Company
G-2877-14" Valley Pipelines, Inc.
0-2903-611 Coastal States Crude Gathering Company
W-1920-6 5/8" Atlantic Richfield Company
0-2949-2@-' Coastal States Crude Gathering Company
G-3156-8" Coastal States Crude Gathering Company
0-2159-3" & 6" Coastal States Crude Gathering Company
0-2763-8 5/8" Sun Pipeline Company
0-1906-12" Coastal States Crude Gathering Company
G-3037-12"(2) Atlantic Richfield Company
G-2324-4"(2) Atlantic Richfield Company
0-1513-2" Phillips Petroleum Company
0-1513-lk it Phillips Petroleum Company
G-2356-6" Phillips Petroleum Company
G-2554-1011 United Gas Pipeline Company
0-1121-2" Phillips Petroleum Company
0-3650-2" & 3" Phillips Petroleum Company
G-3449-30" Texas Eastern Trans. Corporation
O/G-3646-2" Phillips Petroleum Company
0-2308-8" Humble Pipeline Company
0-772-8" Humble Pipeline Company
0-1131-16" Humble Pipeline Company
G-748-2" Phillips Petroleum Company
0-615-2" Phillips Petroleum Company
G-1979-10 3/4" Nueces Industrial Gas Company
0-2955-8" Sun Pipeline Company
G-1121-2" Phillips Petroleum Company
0-1514-2" Phillips Petroleum Company
0-1121-2" & 3" Phillips Petroleum Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Corpus Christi Channel and turning basins

Dunes
Not applicable

188

84. CORPUS CHRISTI (cont.)

Surface Sediments
Nueces Bay contains mostly mud, sandy shell, muddy sand, and some sandy
shelly mud. Corpus Christi Bay contains mud, sand, and muddy sand.

Wetlands
Wetlands are along Nueces River, and Nueces Bay near Whites Point.

Biological Description
Nueces Bay is a river-influenced bay, shallow, turbid, with marsh areas
near the mouth of the Nueces River. Shell reefs occur in the bay. The
bay margin includes sand flats and marshes. Corpus Christi Bay is similar,
but with higher salinity, greater species diversity. Upland areas are
predominantly urban.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

0 189

85. PORTLAND N2745-W9715/7.5

Pipelines
Nueces Bay
0-3870-811 Coastal States Crude Gathering Company
0-3038-2" (2) Forest Oil Company
4035-4" Forest Oil Company
4f' & 2ktl
2"(4)
Nueces Bay and Corpus Christi Bay
G-2791-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
0-1522(3576)-12 3/4" Florida Gas Trans. Company
Corpus Christi Bay
(See Appendix G for a listing of shorter pipelines in Corpus Christi
Bay)
G-3886-611 Florida Gas Trans. Company
G-1962-4" & 10" Houston Pipeline Company
G-3385-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
G-3391-2k"(2) Houston Oil & Minerals Corporation
3967-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
G-1743-2k" Atlantic Richfield Company
G-3436-2 7/8" Anadarko Production Company
G-2168-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
0-2946-4k" McMoran Exploration Company
G-3046-4k" McMoran Exploration Company
G-2895-12 3/4" Houston Pipeline Company
O/G-3749-2k"(2) Cities Service Oil Company
G-1461-2k"(2) Atlantic Richfield Company
0-1495-2k"(2) Humble Oil & Refining Company
G-1460-2k"(2) Atlantic Richfield Company
G-1962-4" & 6" Houston Pipeline Company
G-3371-3" Tennessee Gas Pipeline
G-3293-2kil J. L. Hamon
G-3292-3" J. L. Hamon
0-4066-2k" C. B. Marino
0-3383-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
0-1438-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
G-1371-3k" Atlantic Refining Company
0-1498-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
G-3493-2 7/8" J. L. Hamon
0-3382-2k" Cities Service Oil Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Corpus Christi Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
No data

190

85. PORTLAND (cont.)

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Open bay habitat with moderate salinity (10-35 o/oo) fluctuating with rain-
fall; depth 4-15 ft. Sand beach, soft substrate, shell reefs. Urban
area upland.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
Rookery hN-1 is in the area along the causeway in Nueces Bay.
Rookery hO-6 is in the vicinity of Donnel Reef in Corpus Christi Bay.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

0 191

86. PORT INGLESIDE N2745-W9707.5/7.5

Pipelines
Corpus Christi Bay
O/G-241-2"(2) Humble Pipeline Company
0-3279-2 7/8" C. B. Marino
0-3883-311 Cities Service Company
G-1541-12" United Gas Pipeline Company
0-2735-2" Sun Oil Company
0-2724-2" Sun Oil Company
G-3704-2k"(3) & 3" Getty Oil Company
G-3897-6" United Gas Pipeline Company
G-2058-12" Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company
HC-3675-4k" Sun Oil Company
0-1200-6 5/8" Sun Oil Company
0-1200-2k" Sun Oil Company
O/G-3901-4k" Sun Oil Company
G-3876-12" United Gas Pipeline Company
G-2349-611 United Gas Pipeline Company
0-4172-2" Sun Gas Company
0-1820-2k" Sun Gas Company
0-3034-2k" Energy Reserve Group, Inc.
G-282-2k" Pasotex Pipeline Company
0-867-2k"(2) Sunray DX Oil Company
0-2770-3" Getty Oil Company
0-3036-2k" Energy Reserve Group, Inc.
0-1040-3" Pan American Petroleum Company
0-1039-2k" Pan American Petroleum Company
0-3035-6" Energy Reserve Group, Inc.
0-1003-6" Pan American Petroleum Company
G-2401-4" United Gas Pipeline Company
0-2488-2" Shell Oil Company
O/G-3805-6 5/8" McMoran Exploration Company
O/G-3250-2k" Shell Oil Company
G-1383-4@1- Shell Oil Company
0-2548-2 7/8"(2) McMoran Exploration Company
Redfish Bay
G-2563-6 5/8" McMoran Exploration Company
O/G-3534-3k" MeMoran Exploration Company
G-3596-3kft McMoran Exploration Company
O/G-3941-2 7/8" MeMoran Exploration Company
G-2347-3"(2) McMoran Exploration Company
G-2078-6" United Gas Pipeline Company
G-2280-8t' Channel Industries
0-1512-2" Phillips Petroleum Company
G-3564-12" Houston Pipeline Company
Ingleside Cove and Ingleside Point
G-1952-10" United Gas Pipeline Company
0-1835-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
0-1837-2k"(2) Cities Service Oil Company
G-3292-3" J. L. Hamon
G-3293-2k" J. L. Hamon

192

86. PORT INGLESIDE (cont.)

G-3371-1211 Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company
(See Appendix F for additional listing of pipelines in this area.)

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Corpus Christi Channel
GIWW
Ransom Island Channel
La Quinta Channel
Jewell Fulton Canal

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Bay sediments are primarily mud, sandy mud, and muddy sand with sandy
shorelines, spoil islands, and some small areas of sandy or muddy shell.

Wetlands
Wetlands are generally located at Redfish Bay and Shamrock Cove.

Biological Description
Bays are shallow to 15 ft. in depth, with moderate salinity (10-35 o/oo),
soft sediments, and scattered oysters and shell banks. Mangroves
occur in this area. Submerged grasses are in the areas around Live
Oak Ridge, Shamrock Island, and in Redfish Bay. Uplands with prairie
grasslands, scrub brush, wooded areas, oak mottes and groves, made
land, and urban areas.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
Rookery hO-1 is located at Ingleside Point.
Rookery hO-2 is located on two islands across the GIWW from Live Oak
Ridge.
Rookery hO-3 is at Pelican Island.
Rookery hO-4 is in the Shamrock Island area.
Rookery hO-5 is at Ransom Island.
Rookery hO-6 is along La Quinta Channel.

Mangroves
See Biological Description.

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

193

87. PORT ARANSAS N2745-W9700/7.5

Pipelines
G-1477-12k" Coastal States Gathering Company
G-1565-12" Lo-Vaca Gathering Company
G/0-4058-2 7/8"(2) Mobile Oil Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There is a zone of erosion on San Jose Island at 0-10 ft./yr.
There is a zone of accretion on San Jose Island at 0-10 ft./yr.
Mustang Island has a zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
Corpus Christi Channel
Aransas Channel
Lydia Ann Channel
Aransas Pass

Dunes
Dune structure on San Jose Island is not as well developed as on Mustang
Island. A large blowout area with scattered small areas of vegetation
characterizes the south end of San Jose Island. Most of the dune ridge
on the north end of Mustang Island is well developed and stabilized.
A blowout area exists near the south jetty, many blowout areas exist
5 to 7 miles further south.

Surface Sediments
Sand extends from gulf beach to over 2 miles offshore before changing
to muddy sand, sandy mud and mud. An inactive fault is parallel to
the beach 4 to 5 miles offshore. Bay sediments are predominantly sandy
mud and muddy sand, with some areas of sand or mud.

Wetlands
Wetlands are located at Harbor Island and in the East Shore area of
Corpus Christi Bay.

Biological Description
There are extensive areas of saltwater marsh, mangroves, oysters, and
submerged grasses in the vicinity of Harbor Island and the East Flats
of Mustang Island. An area of high productivity. Upland with large
expanses of grassland, some made land, and urban areas. Scattered mud
flats and sand flats are frequently inundated by wind-tidal action.

Oyster Reefs
See Biological Description.

Rookeries
Rookery hP-1 is in the Harbor Island area.
Rookery hP-2 is along the spoil area by the Corpus Christi Channel
near-East Flats.
Rookery hP-3 is along the East Shore of Corpus Christi Bay.
0 194

87. PORT ARANSAS (cont.)

Mangroves
A unique concentration of mangroves is established at Harbor Island
and at the East Shore area of Corpus Christi Bay. Scattered mangroves
occur along Corpus Christi Channel and the East Flats.

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Nueces County Park

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
847s
849s
854s
856s
857s
858s

195

88. OSO CREEK NE N2737.5-W9715/7-5

Pipelines
Laguna Madre
(See Appendix H for listing of additional pipelines in this part
of Laguna Madre.)
O/G-4105-3k"(2), 611 & 8" Exxon Corporation
G-3203-2k" Exxon Corporation
G-2860-2k" Exxon Corporation
G-2561-5.548" Reynolds Mining Corporation
0-2450-4k" McMoran Exploration Company
Corpus Christi Bay
G-2895-12 3/4" Houston Pipeline Company
0-2946-4@11, (G-3046-4k") McMoran Exploration Company
G-2168-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
G-3436-2 7/8" Anadarko Production Company
G-1743-2k" Atlantic Richfield Company
3967-2@" Cities Service Oil Company
G-3341-10 3/4" Reynolds Pipeline Company
G_ 3886-6" Florida Gas Trans. Company
Oso Bay
G-1658-6" Florida Gas Trans. Company
0-779-4" Humble Pipeline Company
0-2212-611 Humble Pipeline Company
G-1807-8" Florida Gas Trans. Company
G-1803-6" Florida Gas Trans. Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Humble channels in Laguna Madre

Dunes
No data

Surface Sediments
Both bays primarily have sandy shorelines and mud bottoms away from
shore. Laguna Madre sediments are sandy mud and muddy sand, with one
area of shell and rock fragment gravel.

Wetlands
A few small wetland areas border Oso Bay.

Biological Description
Oso Bay is enclosed, has a large spoil disposal area, is shallow, bordered
by sandflats, berms, and frequently flooded fluvial areas. Upland with
scrubwoods, urban and agricultural areas. Corpus Christi Bay is open,
shallow, turbid, with moderate salinity and an urban shoreline. Laguna
Madre is shallow with many areas of submerged grasses. Its shoreline
includes made land in urban areas and sand flats.

196

88. OSO CREEK NE (cont.)

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery iN-1 is a 1 x 2 mile area near the Laguna Madre shoreline south
of the causeway.
Rookery iN-2 is in Oso Bay between the causeway and Corpus Christi Bay.
Rookery iO-1 is a 3/4 x 1@ mile area near the Laguna Madre shoreline
north of the causeway.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

197

89. CRANE ISLANDS NW N2737.5-W9707.5/7.5

Pipelines
Gulf of Mexico
O/G-3531-6 5/8" McMoran Exploration Company
G-3533-6 5/8" McMoran Exploration Company
G-2560-6" Reynolds Mining Corporation
G-4005-2 3/8" & 4@" Texaco, Inc.
G-3946-8" United Gas Pipeline Company
G-1630-8" United Gas Pipeline Company
G-4109-6"(2) Gulf Oil Corporation
G-1836-4"(2) Shell Oil Company
G-2882-6" Sun Oil Company
G-3414-6" Energy Reserves Group, Inc.
G-3875-8" United Gas Pipeline Company
Corpus Christi Bay
G-2058-12" Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company
G-1541-12" United Gas Pipeline Company
0-3883-3" Cities Service Company
0-1068-2k" Gulf Oil Corporation
G-2909-4k" Houston Pipeline Corporation
0-2457-4" Shell Oil Company
0-1027-3"(2) Gulf Oil Company
0-2457-3" Shell Oil Company
0-4064-4" C. B. Marino
0-3279-2 7/8" C. B. Marino
0-4065-2k"(2) C. B. Marino
0-1594-2k" Cities Service Oil Company
G-2895-12 3/411 Houston Pipeline Company
0-2946-4k" McMoran Exploration Company
G-3046-4k" McMoran Exploration Company
0-2450-4k" McMoran Exploration Company
0-2439-2 7/8" Petrotex Chemical Corporation
G-2561-5.548" Reynolds Mining Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There is a zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
There is a discontinuous line of vegetated dunes, broken by blowouts
and washover areas.

Surface Sediments
Sand extends from gulf beach to 1 or 2 miles offshore, then sediment
changes to muddy sand.
Corpus Christi Bay sediments change from muddy sand near bay margin to
mud toward bay center.
Sediment of this part of the Laguna Madre is primarily sandy mud.

198

89. CRANE ISLANDS NW (cont.)

Wetlands
Wetlands are located in areas north and south of Fish Pass, around
Corpus Christi Pass and Newport Pass.

Biological Description
Corpus Christi Bay and Laguna Madre form an open shallow bay system
with moderate salinity, soft substrate, and access to the gulf via
Fish Pass. Margins include sand and mud flats, extensive submerged
grasses, and possibly some scattered mangroves.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
See Biological Description.

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Mustang Island State Park
Packery Channel Park

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
885s
889s
893s

199

90. PITA ISLAND N2730-W9715/7.5

Pipelines
G-1697-4" Texas Eastern Trans. Corporation
O/G-3148-4" McMoran Exploration Company
G-3545-12" Texas Eastern Trans. Corporation
G-902-3" Carre Oil
G-1965-3k" American Petrofina Company
G-2192-8" Trunkline Gas Company (abandoned)
G-2217-3" Humble Oil & Refining Company
G-1879-4k" Humble Oil & Refining Company
G-1879-6" Humble Oil & Refining Company
G-1806-6" Florida Gas Trans. Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There is a zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW
Pita Island Channel

Dunes
There is a large blowout area within which are smaller areas of dunes
stabilized by vegetation.

Surface Sediments
This portion of the Laguna Madre is predominantly sandy mud and muddy
sand with some scattered areas of mud, shelly mud, and sand along shore-
lines.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Laguna Madre is shallow, subject to temperature extremes, and often
hypersaline. There are extensive areas of submerged grasses. Lagoon
margins have emergent, submergent sand and mud flats, berms. Upland
has grasslands and active dune fields.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookeries jN-1 through jN-8 are on spoil islands in the Laguna Madre.
Rookery jN-9 is in the Laguna Larga area.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

200

91. CRANE ISLANDS SW N2730-W9707.5/7.5

Pipelines
G-1806-6" Florida Gas Trans. Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There is a zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
Stable dune areas are intermittent with blowout areas.
Washover areas exist near Packery Channel.

Surface Sediments
Sand extends from the gulf beach to 4 miles offshore, then sediment
changes to muddy sand, then mud. There are three long, overlapping,
inactive fault zones, running at angles to the shoreline. Sediments of
Laguna Madre are muddy sand, shelly mud, and sandy mud.

Wetlands
There is a limited area of wetlands along Parkroad 22 in the vicinity
of Packery Channel.

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habitat. Bays are shallow, soft-bottomed, with
submerged grasses, sand flats, and berms along margin. Much made land
and urban areas. Prairie grasslands upland.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
No data

201

92. RIVIERA BEACH NW N2722.5-W9737.5/7.5

Pipelines
G-991-6 5/8" Valley Gas Trans., Inc.

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sediment of Cayo del Grullo is sand and muddy shelly sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Occasional inundation of part of Cayo del Grullo sand flats; otherwise
a hypersaline water body. Berms along shoreline, upland brush and
grasses, oak mottes, and scattered small freshwater marshes.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

202

93. RIVERA BEACH NE N2722.5-W9730/7-5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
No data

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Bays contain sand and mud flats which are only occasionally inundated,
dependent upon meteorological conditions. Berms along shoreline;
upland with prairie grasslands, brushlands, some freshwater marshy
areas.
0 Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

0 203

94. SOUTH BIRD ISLAND NW N2722.5-W9722.5/7.5

Pipelines
G-2174-3k" R. E. Haas
G-1829-4" & 12" United Gas Pipeline Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sediments are sandy mud and muddy sand, with some muddy shelly sand.

Wetlands
Wetlands are along the bay and lagoon margins.

Biological Description
Laguna Madre is shallow, with soft sediments and sparse to moderate
areas of submerged grasses. Upland is brushland with grasses and some
dunes. Alazan Bay is hypersaline, with some sparse submerged grasses,
berms along margin. Laguna Larga and Parra Lake are landlocked. There
is occasional inundation of Cayo de Hinoso sand flats. Many small
freshwater marshes are scattered in the upland area.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

204

95. SOUTH BIRD ISLAND N2722.5-W97.15/7.5

Pipelines
Gulf of Mexico
G-2849-101- (G-3821) Chevron Oil Company
Laguna Madre
G-2174-3k" R. E. Haas
G-1829-4" & 12" United Gas Pipeline Company
G-2618-1011 Florida Gas Trans. Company
G-1346-411 Texaco, Inc.
G-3545-12" Texas Eastern Trans. Corporation
G-1697-4" Texas Eastern Trans. Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There is erosion at 0-10 ft./yr. from north to a point south of
Malaquite Beach. From here further south there is a zone of accretion
at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
A stable dune ridge is well developed, but with frequent blowout areas.

Surface Sediments
Sand extends from gulf beach to as far as 4 miles offshore before being
replaced by muddy sand. There is an inactive fault 1 to 2 miles offshore.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habitat. Padre Island has broad expanses of grass-
lands with small marshy areas. This part of the Laguna Madre is
characteristically shallow, with extensive areas of submerged grasses.
Lagoon margin includes sand flats, active dune fields. Upland of loess
prairie, grasslands, and sand flats.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookeries kN-1 through kN-6 are located in Laguna Madre along the GIWW.
Rookery kN-1 is South Bird Island.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
South Bird Island, leased to the National Audubon Society, is managed
as a bird sanctuary.
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
No data

205

96. RIVIERA BEACH N2715-W9737-5/7.5

Pipelines
Laguna de los Olmos
G-1824-1011 South Texas Natural Gas Gathering Company
Laguna Salada
G-3860-8" South Texas Natural Gas Gathering Company
G-3520-4" South Texas Natural Gas Gathering Company
Cayo del Grullo
G-991-6 5/8" Valley Gas Trans. Inc.
0-1067-3" Central Power & Light Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Bay sediments are primarily mud, with margins of sandy mud, reefs, muddy
shelly sand, shelly sand, and sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Hypersaline bays, restricted by serpulid reefs and interreef shoals
with sparse submerged grasses, little freshwater runoff, margins of
sand flats, and berms. Upland grasslands, with loose sand and brush-
land areas.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

206

97. KLE13ERG POINT N2715-W9730/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sediments are primarily mud, muddy shelly sand, reefs and sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Restricted hypersaline bays with sparse submerged grasses and several
areas of relict serpulid reefs. Margins have sand flats and berms.
Upland with grasses, scrub woods, eolian ridges, dunes, and scattered
freshwater marshy areas.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

207

98. POINT OF ROCKS N2715-W9722.5/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Alazan and Baffin Bays are primarily mud, with margins of muddy sand,
muddy shelly sand, and sand. Laguna Madre sediments are primarily mud,
sandy mud, muddy sand, and sand.

Wetlands
See Biological Description.

Biological Description
Open bay and lagoon with large areas of submerged grasses, serpulid reefs
and shoals along the mouth of Baffin Bay. Sand flats, algal mats, and
berms along margin. Inland are dunes, grasses, brushwood areas, and many
small freshwater marshes.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookeries 1M-1, 1M-3, and mM-6 are on spoil islands along the GIWW.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

208

99. SOUTH BIRD ISLAND SE N2715-W9715/7-5

Pipelines
G-2790-3k" & 1" King Resources Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
North of Big Ball Hill is a zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.
South of Big Ball Hill is a zone of accretion 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
No data

Dunes
North of Big Ball Hill there are small areas of stable dune ridge within
large blowout areas. South of Big Ball Hill the line of stabilized
dunes is nearly continuous except for one blowout area near Little Shell.

Surface Sediments
Sand from gulf beach to as far as 4 miles offshore, then muddy sand,
sandy mud, and mud. A potentially active fault is 4 to 5 miles offshore
from Little Shell Beach.
The Laguna Madre shoreline is primarily sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habitat. Grasslands and small marshes on Padre
Island. Laguna Madre is shallow, hypersaline, with submerged grasses,
and adjacent to sand flats on Padre Island.

Oyster Reef
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
985s

209

100. SARITA 4 NE N2707.5-W9730/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Baffin Bay sediments are mostly sand along shore changing to muddy sand
and mud with increasing distance from shore. Scattered serpulid reefs
also present.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Baffin Bay is hypersaline, restricted with scattered relict serpulid
reefs. A narrow band of submerged grasses are near shore. Berms '
shell, sand flats are along margin. Upland prairie with bunch grasses,
scattered oak mottes, brushland, and areas of shifting sand dunes.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

0 210

101. YARBOROUGH PASS N2707.5-W9721/7.5x9

Pipelines
Laguna Madre
G-2419-8 5/8" Florida Gas Trans. Company
G-1899-4k" Florida Gas Trans. Company
G-2835-6 5/8" Florida Gas Trans. Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There is a zone of accretion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
There are large stabilized dunes, but the well-developed dune ridge
is discontinuous with blowout areas and at least one washover area south
of Yarborough Pass.

Surface Sediments
Gulf beach sand extends up to 1@ miles offshore. Laguna Madre sediments
are mud, sandy mud, and muddy sand with areas of muddy shelly sand near
relict serpulid reefs.

Wetlands
See Biological Description.

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habit. Padre Island has prairie grasslands and
active dunes. Lagoon is occasionally hypersaline, has large expanses
of submerged grasses, margins with serpulid reefs, sand flats and berms.
Upland with grasses, eolian ridges, brushland, and freshwater marshy
areas.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
1000S
1008s,

211

102. POTRERO CORTADO N2700-W9722.5/7.5

Pipelines
G-2419-8 5/8" Florida Gas Trans. Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There is a zone of erosion of 0-10 ft./yr.
There is a zone of accretion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
GIWW
Oil exploration channels

Dunes
The dunes are vegetated and stable. The well developed stable dune
ridge is almost continuous except for two small blowout areas and one
washover area.

Surface Sediments
Lagoon sediments are mostly sandy mud and sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Lagoon is shallow with large areas of submerged grasses, bordered by
broad subqaueous and subaerial sand flats. Numerous spoil islands are
along the GIWW. Upland with eolian ridges, sand-clay dunes, loose sand.,
loess prairie, salt-tolerant grasses and oak mottes.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
No data

212

103. MARIA ESTELLA WELL N2652.5-W9730/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
No data

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
This western edge of Laguna Madre is principally sand and mud flats
which are occasionally inundated. Upland is loess prairie with bunch
grasses, scattered areas of brushland, shifting sand dunes, and oak mottes.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

0 213

104. POTRERO LOPENO NW N2652.5-W9722.5/7.5

Pipelines
Laguna Madre
G-3019-4" South Texas Petroleum, Inc.
G-865-3" McWood Corporation
0-2453-2 7/8"(2) McMoran Exploration Company
0-2454-2 7/8" McMoran Exploration Company
G-3429-2 5/8" Hughes and Hughes
0-2547-2 7/8" Hughes and Hughes
O/G-3565-2 3/4" Hughes and Hughes
0-2452-2 7/8" McMoran Exploration Company
0-2855-6 5/8" Kilroy Company of Texas
0-2693-2 5/8"(2) Kilroy Company of Texas
G-2419-8 5/8" Florida Gas Trans. Company

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There is a zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr.

Channels
Petroleum exploration channels

Dunes
The dunes are stabilized in infrequent areas along the ridge-line, among
many blowout and washover areas.

Surface Sediments
Sand extends from the gulf beach to about 1 mile offshore. The lagoon
sediment is primarily muddy sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Broad sand flats, algal mats, inundated at various times depending on
meteorological conditions. Upland with eolian ridges, salt-tolerant@
grasses, clay dunes, loose sand, and loess prairie.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks;
1057s
0 1058s

214

105. LOS AMIGOS WINDMILL N2645-W9730/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
The sediment in this portion of Laguna Madre is primarily mud.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Large areas of mud flats which are occasionally inundated, sparse
submerged grasses are in a small portion of the Laguna Madre margin.
Upland with salt-tolerant grasses, small unmapped clay dunes, sand
loess prairie, bunch grasses, scattered brushland, oak mottes, and
small areas of shifting sand dunes.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

0 215

106. POTRERO LOPENO SW N2645-W9722.5/7.5

Pipelines
G-660-4" McWood Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
GIWW
Petroleum exploration channels

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sediments are predominantly mud and sand, with some muddy shelly sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
The north and east portions of this part of the Laguna Madre are sub-
aqueous and subaerial sand flats; the extent of inundation is dependent
on meteorological conditions. The south portion of this area has deeper
water, is enclosed and hypersaline, with many areas of submerged grasses.
Uplands have small clay dunes, loose sand, loess prairie, and bunch
grasses.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookeries pM-1 and pM-2 are located on spoil islands near the GIWW.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

216

107. POTRERO LOPENO SE N2645-W9715/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There are three zones of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr. alternating with two
areas of no erosion.

Channels
No data

Dunes
Stabilized dune areas are interspersed within large blowout and washover
areas.

Surface Sediments
Sand extends from the gulf beach to as far as 3 miles offshore. Sediments
then change to sandy mud, muddy sand, muddy shelly sand, and mud.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habitat. The island has large areas of shifting
sand, smaller areas of grassland, and sand flats leading to the lagoon.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
1085s

0 217

108. SOUTH OF POTRERO LOPENO NW N2637.5-W9722.5/7-5

Pipelines
G-1964-311 Occidental Petroleum Corporation
G-660-4" McWood Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
GIWW
Petroleum exploration channels

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sand along shorelines and near shore, changing to muddy sand and muddy
shelly sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Lagoon center away from tidal or river influence, 4-12 ft. deep, hyper-
saline, with submerged grasses along margins. Shoreline with berms
clay dunes, bunch grasses, loose sand, and loess prairie. Upland of
prairie grasslands and wooded areas; some scattered active dunes.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

0 218

109. SOUTH OF POTRERO LOPENO NE N2637.5-W9715/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There are alternating zones of erosion 0-10 ft./yr. and 10-20 ft./yr.

Channels
No data

Dunes
The areas of dunes stabilized by vegetation are infrequent. Most of
the dunes are inactive blowout areas. There are eight washover areas.

Surface Sediments
Sand extends from the gulf beach to 2 to 5 miles offshore, then sediments
change to muddy sand and muddy shelly sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habitat. There are infrequent areas of grasslands
on Padre Island. Expansive areas of shifting sand and sand flats exist
on the western side. The lagoon near Padre Island is shallow with some
areas of submerged grasses and large tidal flats.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
1100S
1104s
1111s

219

110. PORT MANSFIELD N2630-W9722.5/7.5

Pipelines
O/G-3115-8 5/8" Mobile Oil Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
GIWW
Port Mansfield Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Mostly muddy sand to muddy shelly sand with some areas of mud, sandy
mud, and sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Lagoon center with some tidal influence; shallow, soft sediments, with
sand, oolites, and uninterrupted zones of submerged grasses along east
and west margins. Shorelines with berms, and clay-sand dunes. Upland
with sandflats, loess prairie, bunch grasses, scattered oak mottes, and
a small urban area.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookeries rM-1, rM-2, rM-3 and sM-1 are on spoil islands south of and
around the intersection of the Port Mansfield Channel and the GIWW.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

220

111. SOUTH OF POTRERO LOPENO, SE N2630-W9715/7.5

Pipelines
Gulf of Mexico and Laguna Madre
O/G-'3115-8 5/8'1 Mobil Oil Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There are alternating zones of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr. and 10-20 ft./yr.
There is a small zone of accretion just south of the south jetty.

Channels
Port Mansfield Channel

Dunes
There is a continuous blowout area north of the Port Mansfield cut.
There are only a few areas of stabilized dunes south of the Port
Mansfield cut. There are also eight washover areas.

Surface Sediments
Gulf sediments are primarily sand and muddy sand, with two spoil
disposal areas.
Lagoon sediments are sand, muddy sand, and shelly sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habitat. Padre Island has scattered patches of
grass, active dunes, and washover channels. Lagoon center is influenced
by tides via Port Mansfield cut. There are extensive areas of submerged
grasses in shallow water. Large sand and mud flats on west side of
Padre Island are subject to inundation.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery rN-1 is located among spoil islands along Port Mansfield Channel.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
1139s

State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
1118s

221

111. SOUTH OF POTRERO LOPENO SE (cont.)
40

State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
1124s
1127s

0 222

112. HAWK ISLAND N2622.5-W9722.5/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Sediments in Laguna Madre are mostly sandy mud, with some areas of mudl
sandy shelly mud, and muddy shelly sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Lagoon is shallow with margins of dense submerged grasses, large sand
flats and mud flats which are occasionally inundated. Upland of semi-
arid prairie grasslands, scrub brush, occasional poorly drained depres-
sions, and cultivated land.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery sM-1 is among the spoil islands along the GIWW.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
No data

223

113. GREEN ISLAND N2622.5-W9715/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
The dunes are not stabilized except for scattered small areas within a
large blowout area. There is at least one washover area.

Surface Sediments
Primarily sand and muddy sand, with many smaller areas of sandy mud,
muddy shelly sand, sandy shelly mud, and mud.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Laguna Madre has continuous areas of submerged grasses except for
shorelines and spoil areas. Sand and mud flats along shoreline, leading
to active dunes, eolian ridge and sand-clay dunes upland.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery sN-1 is among spoil islands of the GIWW.
Rookery sN-2 is on Green Island.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Padre Island National Seashore
Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge
Green Island, leased to the National Audubon Society, is managed as a
bird sanctuary.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

0 224

114. NORTH OF PORT ISABEL NW N2622.5-W9707.5/7.5

Pipelines
O/G-3115-8 5/8" Mobil Oil Corporation
0-2933-4k"(3) Mobil Oil Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Most of the beach is eroding at 0-10 ft./yr. One portion (south)
is eroding at 10-20 ft./yr.

Channels
No data

Dunes
The dunes are stabilized only in small scattered areas with a continuous
blowout with many washover areas.

Surface Sediments
Sand, sandy mud, and muddy sand. Small areas of mud, shelly mud, and
shell and rock fragment gravel. Occasional relict stiff muds. Four
inactive fault zones, 1 to 5 miles offshore, at angles to the beach.
One potentially active fault is parallel to the beach, 4 to 5 miles
offshore.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and sand beach habitat. Most of Padre Island is covered with
active dune fields from the gulf beach to the sand flats adjoining
Laguna Madre. There are scattered areas of vegetation behind the fore-
island dunes.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
1139s
153s

State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
1149s

225

115. THREE ISLANDS N2615-W9715/7-5

Pipelines
G-2725-3k" Padre Resources, Inc.
O/G-2646-4" Exxon Company USA
G-3288-3k" Seagull Pipeline Corporation
G-986-411 Humble Oil & Refining Company
G-3629-6 5/8t? Seagull Pipeline Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Arroyo Colorado Cutoff
GIWW
Petroleum exploration channels

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Mostly sand, muddy sand, sandy mud; smaller areas of sandy shelly
mud and mud.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Lagoon is shallow and has dense submerged grasses throughout except
for spoil areas and near shorelines. Uplands with sand flats, saline
grasslands, active dunes, and scrub woods.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookeries tN-1, tN-2, and uN-1 are located among the spoil islands along
the Arroyo Colorado and the GIWW.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge
The Three Island area, leased to the National Aududon Society, is managed
as a bird sanctuary.

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

226

116. NORTH OF PORT ISABEL SW N2615-W9707.5/7.5

Pipelines
Laguna Madre
G-2725-3k" Padre Resources
G-3629-6 5/8" Seagull Pipeline Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Zones of erosion range from 0-10 ft./yr. and 10-20 ft./yr. to over
20 ft./yr.

Channels
No data

Dunes
This section of coastline is characteristically a blowout area with many
washover areas. Only small isolated areas of stabilized dunes are present.

Surface Sediments
Beach and gulf sediments are largely sand, muddy sand, some sandy mud
and relict stiff muds. There are two long faults, portions of each both
inactive and potentially active, running at angles to and parallel to the
shoreline, 1-5 miles offshore.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habitat. The lagoon has a dense distribution of
submerged grasses. The lagoon side of Padre Island is characterized
by sand flats, active dunes, and washover channels leading to the beach.
There are a few grassland areas.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
1162s

0 227

117. LA COMA N2607.5-W9715/7-5

Pipelines
G-2406-2k" Gulf Oil Corporation
G-2406-6 5/8" Gulf Oil Corporation

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
No data

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Mostly sandy mud. Smaller areas of sand, mud, and sandy shelly mud.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
The Laguna Madre is an almost continuous area of submerged grasses on
both sides of the GIWW. The shoreline is marked by sand flats, eolian
ridges, and active sand-clay dunes. Saline grasslands are further inland.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery uN-1 is located along the GIWW on several spoil islands.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

228

118. PORT ISABEL NW N2607.5-W9707.5/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Zones of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr. and 10-20 ft./yr. exist.

Channels
GIWW

Dunes
There are scattered stabilized dunes in a predominantly blowout area
with many washovers.

Surface Sediments
Gulf sediments are sand from beach to 1 or 2 miles offshore, changing
to muddy sand and sandy mud.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Gulf shelf and beach habitat. Laguna Madre is open, with tidal influence
and lower salinity along the GIWW. Predominantly a submerged grasses
area in shallow water bordering the sand flats of Padre Island. Padre
Island has scattered areas of grasses and large areas of active sand
dunes and washover channels. Urban area extends south from Andy Bowie
State Park.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery vO-1 is located on spoil islands along the GIWW.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Andy Bowie State Park

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
1189s
1196s
1197s

State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
1211s

229

119. LAGUNA VISTA N2600-W9715/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
Not applicable

Channels
Brownsville Ship Channel

Dunes
Not applicable

Surface Sediments
Primarily sandy mud and muddy sand.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Shallow lagoon with tidal influence, and extensive areas of submerged
grasses along margins. Sand flats and berms are along shoreline.
Upland with salt-tolerant grasses, easily flooded fluvial areas, land-
locked bodies of water, poorly drained depressions, some made land,
and small urban areas.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
Rookery vN-1 is located in the general vicinity of Laguna Madre.

Mangroves
No data

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
No data

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
Not applicable

230

120. PORT ISABEL N2600-W9707.5/7-5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There is a zone of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr. north and south of Brazos
Santiago Pass.
There is a zone of accretion at 0-10 ft./yr. adjacent to the jetties.

Channels
GIWW
Brownsville Ship Channel

Dunes
There are areas of dunes stabilized by vegetation interspersed with blowout
areas on Padre Island. There are larger areas of stable dunes on Brazos
Island, but also blowout areas and many washover areas.

Surface Sediments
Gulf sediments are sand from the beach to 1 or 2 miles offshore,
then mud, muddy sand, and some shelly sand. There is a spoil disposal
area near Brazos Santiago Pass just beyond the jetties. A potentially
active fault angles from the beach about 1 mile offshore. Lagoon
and bay sediments are sandy mud, mud, and sandy shelly mud.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Lagoon with tidal influence, continuous large areas of dense submerged
grasses except for spoil areas. Submerged grasses are also in South
Bay. Well established mangrove communities occur here. Upland with
sand flats, berms, eolian ridges, grasses, scrub brush, much made land,
urban areas.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
Good concentrations of mangroves occur
1. around the edges of south Bay,
2. at the intersection of the Brownsville Ship Channel and the
Port Isabel Channel,
3. along the eastern shoreline of Long Island, and
4. along the western shoreline of Padre Island near the causeway
(particularly between the new and old causeways).
Large concentrations of mangroves also exist inland along state highway
1792 to Port Brownsville.

231

120. PORT ISABEL (cont.)

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Brazos Island State Park
Isla Blanca State Park

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with historical shipwrecks:
1230s
State tracts with twentieth century shipwrecks:
1211s
1214s
1217s
1218s
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
1219s
1220s
1223s
1224s
1225s
1226s
1231s

232

121. MOUTH OF THE RIO GRANDE N2552.5-W9707.5/7.5

Pipelines
No data

Beach Erosion/Accretion
There are zones of erosion at 0-10 ft./yr. and over 20 ft./yr.

Channels
No data

Dunes
The dunes are stabilized by vegetation in scattered areas just north of
the Rio Grande. Blowout and washover areas extend north along
Boca Chica Beach.

Surface Sediments
Gulf sediments are sand from the beach to about k mile offshore, then
sandy mud.

Wetlands
No data

Biological Description
Gulf beach, gulf shelf influenced by river delta. Extensive areas of
sand flats, saline grasslands, scrub brush and active dune fields inland.
Mangroves may occur in this area.

Oyster Reefs
No data

Rookeries
No data

Mangroves
See Biological Description.

Parks, Wildlife Refuge Areas
Brazos Island State Park

State Tracts of Archeological Interest
State tracts with both historical and twentieth century shipwrecks:
1241s
1240s

0 233

0 234

CONCLUSION

In this study, the General Land Office has described the natural

areas on the Texas coast that could be adversely affected by pipeline

installation, identified other features of interest to planners of pipe-
line routes, and consolidated this information on maps.

The goal of the study was to graphically illustrate the state

concerns expressed in regulations applicable to pipeline routing and

installation and to produce a collection of information that could serve

as a convenient tool for pipeline easement applicants. With advance

knowledge of the location and characteristics of sensitive areas,

industries can plan pipeline routes to minimize adverse environmental

effects. It is likely that easement applications prepared after

consideration of the state concerns identified in this report can, in

most cases, be rapidly processed.

In general, pipeline routes should avoid areas with sensitive

natural resources. Primarily, this means areas of high biological
productivity such as marshes, mangrove communities, submerged grass beds,
and oyster reefs. Special care should be taken in routing pipelines near

rookeries, critical dunes, and sites of archeological interest.

When routing conflicts are evident, or when alternative routes are

limited, the applicant should work with the staff of the General Land

Office (and any other concerned agencies) as early in the planning stages

as possible to select the route that would cause least disturbance to

sensitive areas.

If, for example, a proposed route were to traverse an area of

submerged grasses, the General Land Office staff might be able to help

235

the applicant locate a suitable path across a smaller segment of this

area than originally planned. If a proposed pipeline landfall were in a

well developed, vegetated dune area and no other site were feasible,

revegetation of the disturbed dune area might be recommended to mitigate

adverse impacts.

It is hoped that the products of this study will prove to be a

valuable aid not only to industries concerned with pipeline placement,

but to those engaged in other types of activities requiring the use of

state-owned lands in the coastal area.

By using this report as a reference, project planners may be able to

save time and money that would otherwise be spent in replanning a project

to conform with state policies, regulations, and guidelines. With both

applicants and state reviewers of applications using the information in

this report as a guide, conflicts can be minimized and the issuance of

coastal permits, leases, and easements expedited.

To be of continuing value, however, this information must be

periodically updated and supplemented. If funding becomes available for

this effort, an important task would be the filling of gaps in current
information. Subsequent revisions would be made to add new pipelines, to

map any additional sensitive areas that are identified, and to record

changes in other themes.

236

REFERENCES

Arnold, Barto. Texas Antiquities Committee. 1979. Personal commuaica-
tion.

Blacklock, G. W. et al. , compilers. 1978. Texas colonial waterbird
census 1973-1976. Austin: Texas Parks and Wildlife Dept. F. A.
Report Series No. 15.

Bright, T. J. and L. H. Pequegnat. 1974. Biota of the West Flower
Garden Bank. Houston: Gulf Publishing Company.

Bright, T. J. and R. Rezak. 1976. A biological and geological recon-
naissance of selected topographic features on the Texas continental
shelf. Final report to the BLM, Contract no. 08550-CT5-4. College
Station, Texas: Texas A&M Univ., Dept. of Oceanography.

1978a. Northwestern Gulf of Mexico topographic features
SE-dy. Final report to the BLM, Contract no. AA550-CT7-15. College
Station: Texas A&M Research Found. and Texas A&M Univ. , Dept. of
Oceanography.

1978b. South Texas topographical features study. Final
report to the BLM, Contract No. AA550-CT6-18. College Station:
Texas A&M Research Found. and Texas A&M Univ., Dept. of
Oceanography.

Brown, L. F., Jr., project coordinator. In progress. Environmental
geologic atlas of the Texas coastal zone. Austin: Univ. of Texas
at Austin, Bur. of Economic Geology.

Brown, L. F. , Jr., R. A. Morton, J. H. McGowen, C. W. Kreitler and W. L.
Fisher. 1974. Natural hazards of the Texas coastal zone. Austin:
Univ. of Texas at Austin, Bur. of Economic Geology.
De La Rosa, M. U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, Galveston, Texas. 1979
Personal communication.

General Land Office. 1978. Accessibility and protection of Texas shore-
front areas. Austin: General Land Office.

General Land Office Rules 126.18.02.001-.006; 126.30.03.004(b); and
126.30.04.001-004.

McGowen, J. H. and R. A. Morton. 1979. Sediment distribution, bathy-
metry, faults, and diapirs, submerged lands of Texas. Austin: Univ.
of Texas at Austin, Bur. of Economic Geology.
McMillan, C. and L. Sherrod. The Univ. of Texas at Austin, Dept. of
Botany. 1979. Personal communication.

237

Morton, R. A. 1974. Shoreline changes on Galveston Island (Bolivar
Roads to San Luis Pass): an analysis of historical changes of the
Texas gulf shoreline. Austin: Univ. of Texas at Austin, Bur. of
Economic Geology. Geol. Circ. 74-2.

. 1975. Shoreline changes between Sabine Pass and Bolivar Roads:
an analysis of historical changes of the Texas gulf shoreline.
Austin: Univ. of Texas at Austin, Bur. of Economic Geology. Geol.
Circ. 75-6.

Morton, R. A. and M. J. Pieper. 1975a. Shoreline changes in the vicin-
ity of the Brazos River delta (San Luis Pass to Brown Cedar Cut):
an analysis of historical changes of the Texas gulf shoreline.
Austin: Univ. of Texas at Austin, Bur. of Economic Geology. Geol.
Circ. 75-4.

1975b. Shoreline changes on Brazos Island and South Padre
Island (Mansfield Channel to mouth of the Rio Grande): an analysis
of historical changes of the Texas gulf shoreline. Austin: Univ. of
Texas at Austin, Bur. of Economic Geology. Geol. Circ. 75-2.

'. 1976. Shoreline changes on Matagorda Island and San Jose
Island (Pass Cavallo to Aransas Pass): an analysis of historical
changes of the Texas gulf shoreline. Austin: Univ. of Texas at
Austin, Bur. of Economic Geology. Geol. Circ. 76-4.

1977a. Shoreline changes on central Padre Island (Yarborough
Pass to Mansfield Channel): an analysis of historical changes of
the Texas gulf shoreline. Austin: Bur. of Economic Geology. Geol.
Circ. 77-2.

1977b. Shoreline changes on Mustang Island and north Padre
Island (Aransas Pass to Yarborough Pass): an analysis of historical
changes of the Texas gulf shoreline. Austin: Univ. of Texas at
Austin, Bur. of Economic Geology. Geol. Circ. 77-1.

Morton, R. A., M. J. Pieper and J. H. McGowen. 1976. Shoreline changes
on Matagorda Peninsula (Brown Cedar Cut to Pass Cavallo): an
analysis of historical changes of the Texas gulf shoreline. Austin:
Univ. of Texas at Austin, Bur. of Economic Geology. Geol. Circ.
76-6.

Odum, E. P. 1971. Fundamentals of ecology. Philadelphia: W. B.
Saunders Co.

Roberts, L. Texas Parks and Wildlife Dept. 1979. Personal communica-
tion.

School Land Board Rules 135.16.03.001-.016, 135.18.01.001-.008.

Sorensen, L. 0. Pan American Univ. , Marine Science Laboratory. 1979.
Personal communication.
0 238

Texas Natural Resources Code, Sec. 63.121.

U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management. 1979. Draft
environmental impact statement: proposed 1980 outer continental
shelf oil and gas lease sales A62 and 62. Washington, D. C.: U.S.
Gov. Printing Office.

239

0 240

APPENDICES

242

APPENDIX A

Smith Point - Tract 247 Pipelines

0 - 1661 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 1180 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2074 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2045 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2460 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

O/G - 3003 - 2" Exxon Co.

0 - 2043 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1870 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2075 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2423 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 3401 - 3" Exxon Co.

0 - 2415 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2067 - 2@" Explorer Pipeline Co.

0 - 1124 2" Texaco Inc.

G - 2084 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 3825 - 2" Exxon Co.

0 - 1507 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2036 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2917 - 2" Exxon Co.

G - 1201 - 2k" Sinclair Inc.

0 - 1135 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 1951 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2041 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

243

APPENDIX A (continued)

Smith Point - Tract 247 Pipelines

0 - 2171 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2037 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2181 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1579 - 2" Humble Pipeline

0 - 1626 - 2" Humble Oil and.Refining Co.

0 - 2042 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2085 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 3400 - 3" Exxon Co.

G - 2937 - 2" Exxon Co.

G 3174 Exxon Co.

244

APPENDIX B

Smith Point - Tract 225 Pipelines

0 - 3867 - 2" Exxon Co.

G - 1874 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 1871 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 1872 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

O/G - 3618 - 2k" Exxon Co.

G - 1140 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 2848 - 2" Exxon Co.

0 - 2984 - 411 Exxon Co.

O/G - 3254 - 3" Exxon Co.

G - 3977 Exxon Co.

0 - 2077 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 1136 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

O/Q - 2056 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1137 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2762 Exxon Co.

0 - 1729 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 3220 Cities Service Co.

G - 2937 - 2" Exxon Co.

0 - 1873 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 1139 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

245

APPENDIX C

Smith Point - Tract 246 Pipelines

G - 1140 No data

0 - 2365 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2044 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

O/G - 1099 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

O/G - 2191 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2038 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2054 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1662 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2046 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2073 - 2" & 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2917 - 2" Exxon Co.

O/G - 1574 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

O/G - 1946 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2053 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2076 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 1143 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1679 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1929 - 2"' Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 1412 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 1413 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2948 Exxon Co.

246

APPENDIX D

Port Bolivar - Tract 342 Pipelines

O/G - 4012 - 6" & 10ft Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 4011 - 3k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3989 - 3T' Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 4024 - 3k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 2369 - 2" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 2559 - 3k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3058 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 2370 - 211 (3) Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3516 - 2k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3599 - 2k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

01G - 3465 - 2k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 2371 - 61' Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3402 - 4" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3329 - 6 5/8" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

OIG - 3880 - 2k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 4014 - 4" (2) Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 4015 - 3k" (3) Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 4025 - 3k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3648 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3691 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

G - 4121 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

0 - 3703 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

247

APPENDIX D (continued)

Port Bolivar Tract 342 Pipelines

O/G - 3792 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3271 - 3k" (2) Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 2557 - 3k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3694 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3868 - 41' Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 2558 - 3k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3625 - 4@" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3519 - 2k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3758 - 4k11 Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3507 - 4@" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3587 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

OIG - 3478 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3069 - 4k" Seadrift Pipeline Inc.

O/G - 3560 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

01G - 3588 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3492 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3572 - 6 5/8" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3521 - 4@11 Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

O/G - 3816 - 4k" Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

OIG - 3682 - 6 5/811 Houston Oil and Minerals Co.

248

APPENDIX E

Bayside Tract 117 Pipelines

0 4019 2k" Cities Service Co.

G 1017 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 1022 2@" Cities Service Co.

0 1023 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 3158 - 2k" (2) Cities Service Co.

0 2582 - 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 - 3965 - 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 - 3964 - 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 - 3963 - 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 - 3953 - 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 - 3952 - 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 - 1106 - 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 - 1107 - 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 - 2647 - 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 - 3954 - 2k" Cities Service Co.

0 - 2610 - 2k" (2) Cities Service Co.

0 - 2609 - 2k" (2) Cities Service Co.

0 - 3504 - 2k" (2) Cities Service Co.

0 - 3583 - 2k" Houston Oil and Minerals Corp.

0 - 2983 - 2k" Arco Pipeline Co.

0 - 2986 - 3V-4k" Gulf Oil Corp.

0 - 3604 - 2k" (2) Cities Service Oil Co.

249

APPENDIX E (cont.)

Bayside Tract 117 Pipelines

0 - 1376 3" Royal Oil and Gas Corp.

0 - 3280 2" Alcoa

0 - 1313 3V William Herbert Hunt Trust Estate,

G - 1313 4" William Herbert Hunt Trust Estate

O/G - 2996 - 8 5/8" Alcoa

250

APPENDIX F

Port Ingleside - Tract 8 Pipelines

0 - 1839 2k" (2) Cities Service Oil Co.

G - 1843 2k" Cities Service Oil Co.

G - 740 2k" Cities Service Oil Co.

G - 739 2k" Cities Service Oil Co.

G - 1486 2V Shell Oil Co.

G - 2281 2V Cities Service Oil Co.

G - 1841 2V Cities Service Oil Co.

0 - 1845 2k" Cities Service Oil Co.

G - 2463 2" Cities Service Oil Co.

0 - 1838 2k" (2) Cities Service Oil Co.

G - 738 2k" (2) Cities Service Oil Co.

0 - 1844 - 2k" Cities Service Oil Co.

0 - 1499 - 2V Cities Service Oil Co.

0 - 1842 - 2k" Cities Service Oil Co.

0 251

APPENDIX G

Portland - Tract 62 Pipelines

G - 3529 - 2k" Gulf Oil Co.

0 - 3525 - 2k" (2) Gulf Oil Co.

G - 1962 - 4" & 10" Houston Pipeline Co.

0 - 3526 - 2k" (2) Gulf Oil Co.

0 - 3524 - 2k" (3) Gulf Oil Co.

0 - 3527 - 2k" (2) Gulf Oil Co.

0 - 3530 - 2k" (2) Gulf Oil Co.

0 - 3790 - 2k" (2) Gulf Oil Co.

0 - 3528 - 2k" (2) Gulf Oil Co.

0 - 3861 - 2k" Gulf Oil Co.

0 - 1437 - 2k" (3) Cities Service Oil Co.

0 - 4061 - 2k" (2) C. B. Marino

0 - 4062 - 2k" C. B. Marino

0 - 2190 - 2k" Gulf Oil Co.

0 - 1442 - 2k" Cities Service Oil Co.

0 - 4063 - 2ktt (2) C. B. Marino

G - 2188 - 2" Gulf Oil Co.

G - 2189 - 2" Gulf Oil Co.

G - 1522 - 12 3/41' Florida Gas Transmission Co.

G - 3886 - 6" Florida Gas Transmission Co.

252

APPENDIX H

Oso Creek NE - Tracts 9 20 Pipelines

0 - 1806 - 2k" Florida Gas Transmission Co.

0 - 1305 - 6 Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1304 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1133 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1302 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1113 - 2" & 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2284 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 3165 - 2k" Exxon Co.

0 - 1255 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1251 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 3152 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 3163 - 2" Exxon Co.

0 - 3164 - 2" Exxon Co.

G - 3623 - 2" (2) Exxon Co.

0 - 3162 - 2k" Exxon Co.

G - 3624 - 2" (2) Exxon Co.

0 - 1683 - 2" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 1683 - 41' Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1259 - 2k" & 4" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 3177 - 2' Exxon Co.

G - 2213 - 2k" (2) Humble Oil Co.

253

APPENDIX H (cont.)

Oso Creek NE - Tracts 9 20 Pipelines

0 - 3161 - 2k" Exxon Co.

0 - 3160 - 2k" Exxon Co.

G - 2858 - 2k" Exxon Co.

G - 2859 - 2V Exxon Co.

G - 2839 - 2V Exxon Co.

G - 2840 - 8" Exxon Co.

0 - 1265 - 2 7/8" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1268 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1271 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1270 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1269 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1267 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 2283 - 2" (2) Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 2775 - 2k" (2) Exxon Co.

0 - 3176 - 2k" Exxon Co.

0 - 3133 - 2" Shell Oil Co.

G - 3180 - 2k" Exxon Co.

0 - 1298 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

G - 3181 - 2" Exxon Co.

G - 3182 - 2k" Exxon Co.

G - 3184 - 2" Exxon Co.

254

APPENDIX H (cont.)

Oso Creek NE - Tracts 9 - 20 Pipelines

0 - 1295 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1299 - 2k" Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 1666 - 2" & 3k" (3) Humble Oil and Refining Co.

0 - 3178 - 2k" & 8" Exxon Co.

0 - 3179 - 2k" Exxon Co.

255

256

APPENDIX I

LEGEND FOR BIOLOGIC ASSEMBLAGE MAPS

Derived from Bureau of Economic Geo-
logy Coastal Atlas; Compiled by Texas
Coastal Management Program

A 1 Shelf, open marine; normal salinity (35 o/oo); mottled mud; diverse
organisms, principally mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms;
depth greater than 30 feet
A 2 Lower shoreface, open marine; near normal salinity (35 o/oo; salin-
ity varies with flood stage adjacent to Brazos and Colorado River
mouths); moderate wave action; sand, silt, and mud; infauna
dominant, mud shrimp, mollusks; depth 15 to 30 feet
A 3 Upper shoreface, strong wave action, surf zone, shifting sands; near
normal salinity (salinity varies with flood stage adjacent to
Brazos and Colorado River mouths); mollusks, sand dollars and
starfish, crustaceans; depth low tide to 15 feet
A 4 ShorefaceY undifferentiated, adjacent to ebb tidal delta, muddy,
open marine; normal salinity (35 o/oo); shell, sparse sand;
infauna such as mud shrimp, mollusks, some echinoderms; depth low
tide to 30 feet

A5 Upper shoreface (dominantly erosional); strong wave action, surf
zone, shifting sand, shell, and sandstone blocks over bare bay
and delta plain muds; near normal salinity (35 o/oo); mollusks
and crustaceans; depth low tide to 15 feet
B 1 Inlet and tidal delta, connects open Gulf and bays; sand, mud and
shell; diverse epifauna, mollusks, echinoderms, coral and bryo-
zoans, clionid sponges; depth less than 40 feet; small tidal
deltas in bays less than 10 feet; sand, mud and shell; fauna
variable

B 2 Delta front (Brazos and Colorado Rivers), open marine; near fresh-
water to normal salinity (35 o/oo); moderate to strong wave
action; rate of terrigenous sediment input about equalled by
intensity of marine processes; sand nearshore to sand and mud
offshore; rare mollusks and echinoids, some mud shrimp; depth low
tide to 30 feet

B 3 Prodelta (Brazos and Colorado Rivers), open marine and bay; near
freshwater to normal salinity (35 o/oo); moderate to strong wave
action; mud and silt; rare macroinvertebrates; depth in-Matagorda
Bay 1 to 3 feet, depth off the mouth of the Brazos River 6 to 40
feet

257

APPENDIX I
LEGEND FOR BIOLOGIC ASSEMBLAGE MAPS

C Bay and lagoon margin, shoal water bordering bay; shell with sand,
sand to mud, shifting sandbars; sparse marine grass; variable
salinity and temperature; mollusks and crustaceans; depth to 6
feet. In Laguna Madre, seasonally hypersaline shoal water bor-
dering mainland; sand, some shell, shifting sandbars; sparse
grass, algae; salinity 30-80 o/oo; temperature 12-431C; mollusks,
low diversity; depth less than 3 feet; unmapped saltwater marsh
along shore

D 1 Grassflats, shallow bay margin with dense marine grasses; salinity
25 to 35 o/oo; moderately diverse molluskan assemblage; depth
less than 5 feet

D 2 Grassflats, hypersaline, sparse to moderate grass; sand, shell, and
muddy sand; salinity 30-80 o/oo; temperature 12-43"C; abundant
mollusks, low diversity, algae; depth less than 4 feet
D 3 Restricted hypersaline bay and lagoon margin, away from tidal
influence, rare river input; local oolites, muddy sand; salinity
5-80 o/oo, normally greater than 30 o/oo; temperature 12-43C;
sparse grass; clams, low population and diversity, algae; depth
less than 6 feet; thin band of salt marsh along mainland shore

E I Open bay, lower end of bay with tidal influence; salinity 10 to 20
o/oo, fluctuating with rainfall and storms (Beaumont-Port Arthur
area), salinity 20 to 35 o/oo (remainder of coast); laminated to
mottled sand, silt and mud; high species diversity, infauna,
mollusks; depth 3 to 15 feet

E 2 Open bay with reefs, similar to open bay, with scattered clumps of
oyster reef; depth 2 to 10 feet
E 3 Enclosed bay, away from tidal or river influence; mottled mud,
similar to open bay but reduced species diversity; clams; depth a
few inches to 12 feet

E 4 Enclosed bay with reef, similar to enclosed bay, with scattered
clumps of oyster reef; depth I to 8 feet
E 5 River- influenced bay (or bay influenced by freshwater runoff from
adjacent freshwater marshes, lakes, and cuts through Intracoastal
Canal); low salinity (commonly less than 10 o/oo), near fresh-
water discharge; laminated mud and silt, mottled mud; low species
diversity with mollusks and crustaceans; depth a few inches to 7
feet

E 6 Enclosed hypersaline bay or lagoon center, away from tidal or river
influence; mud, mottled; salinity 30-80 o/oo; abundant mollusks,
low diversity; depth 4 to 12 feet

258

APPENDIX I
LEGEND FOR BIOLOGIC ASSEMBLAGE MAPS

E7 Restricted bay center, hypersaline, closed to tidal input, rare
river influence; bottom euxinic, laminated mud in deeper parts;
restricted from Laguna Madre by reef sill; salinity 5-80 o/oo,
commonly greater than 30 o/oo, barren or rare organisms; depth 6
to 12 feet

E8 Enclosed hypersaline bay or lagoon tenter with some tidal influence
via Port Mansfield channel

F1 Reef, dense oysters, distinct mounds or ridge-like; commonly aligned
normal to circulation; firm substrate; salinity variable
(commonly less than 35 o/oo); depth less than 8 feet; associated
mollusks, coral, bryozoans; arthropods and worms (Bay City-
Freeport area)
F2 Reef flank and margin, relatively level bottom between reefs; few
clumps of oysters; sand, mud, and broken shell; salinity variable
(commonly less than 35 o/oo); depth less than 12 feet
F3 Serpulid reefs (relict) and interreef shoals; shell, sand, reef
rock, beach rock near mouth of Baffin Bay; high wave energy,
ridge or mound bathymetry; salinity 5-80 o/oo; temperature
12-43*C; depth to 6 feet
G1 Subaqueous sand flat; hypersaline; barren to sparse grass; salinity
30-80 o/oo; temperature 12-43'C; locally abundant clams; "The
Hole" restricted by spoil sill, radical salinity and temperature
changes, depth to 3 feet
H1 Sand and oolite shoal, high wave and current energy; mounds; rare
clam infauna; grass absent; salinity 30-80 o/oo; temperature
12-43*C; depth 4 to 7 feet
11 Subaqueous spoil, shell, sand, and silt, normally poorly sorted;
assemblage depends on age and local setting; depth variable
12 Subaerial spoil, similar to subaqueous spoil, elevation variable
11 Fresh- to saline-water bodies, landlocked ponds and lakes, playas;
variable substrate; inland water bodies fresh, playas and coastal
water bodies temporarily brackish or saline
K1 Beach, low tide to 5 feet above sea level; swash zone, high energy
forebeach; marsh mud, sand, shell debris; mollusks and crustacean
infauna; back-beach seaoats and halophytes, dunes, ghost crabs
LI Unvegetated coastal mud flats, filled coastal lake, and filled
washover channel; frequently flooded; rare algae; some burrowing
arthropods

259

APPENDIX I
LEGEND FOR BIOLOGIC ASSEMBLAGE MAPS

M Vegetated barrier- strandplaift flat or shell ramp barrier flat;
fore-du-ne ridge; shell ramp (Bay City-Freeport area); beach ridge
and vegetated flat (upper coast), stabilized blowouts, sand,
shell (lower coast); relief 2 to 45 feet; salt-tolerant grasses;
mesquite, live oak, and salt-cedar (upper coast), vines, local
freshwater marsh (lower coast); ghost crabs, rodents, snakes,
fowl

M2 Grass and locally scrub oak-covered ridges; sand and shell, elongate
topographic ridges; well drained, permeable, surrounded by mud or
marsh; grasses similar to vegetated barrier-strandplain flat;
small rodents, snakes, fowl
N1 Washover channel, fan and wind-deflation trough and storm runnel;
sand, local mud, barren algal mats, local ponds and freshwater
marsh

01 Active dunes, coppice dunes, blowouts, back-island dunes, barren;
relief 3 to 40 feet; rodents, snakes
02 Eolian ridges and active clay-sand dunes; accretionary; intense
wind, salt-tolerant grasses; snakes
03 Berms along and near bay-lagoon margin, storm deposits, sand, shell,
local salt- and brackish-water marsh in swales and ponds, salt-
tolerant grasses, snakes, fowl; unmappable narrow,:band of salt-
water marsh along shore (lower coast)
04 Intense wiad-deflation and wind-tidal activity, erosion of sand
sheet; salt-tolerant grasses on small unmapped clay dunes; algal
mats

PI Sand flats; a few inches above mean sea level (MSL), undulatory sand
surface with blue-green algal mats, thin halite film, marsh
plants rare (upper coast); wind-tidal, local mud, algal mats,
emergent-submergent, -1 foot to +2 feet MSL, and barren lower-
stream courses, ephemeral, sand (lower coast)

Q1 Saltwater marsh, frequently inundated by tides; sand, muddy sand to
mud; cordgrass, glasswort, seepweed, sea-oxeye; mollusks, crus-
taceans, mammals, fowl

Q2 Brackish to freshwater marsh, sand, muddy sand, and mud, grades into
saltwater marsh; coastal sacahuista, marshy cordgrass, big cord-
grass, bullrush, cattail, rushes; mammals, snakes, fowl
Q3 Brackish-water marsh (closed), low and perennially wet, salt water
from storms, fresh water by rainfall and runoff; saltgrass,
rushes; mammals, fowl

260

APPENDIX I
LEGEND FOR BIOLOGIC ASSE14BLAGE MAPS

Q4 Inland freshwater marsh, sand and/or mud; rushes, bullrush, cattail,
slough-grass; mammals, snakes, fowl; small unmapped marshes in
sand and loess areas; some areas occupied by high-moisture,
non-marsh plants and ephemeral marsh (lower coast)
R 1 Barren land, abandoned tidal creeks, small bayside beaches, sand
flats, active point bars, margins of small coastal lakes
R 2 Made land, filled, graded, sand, mud, and shell; locally some
vegetation
S 1 Frequently flooded fluvial areas; water-tolerant plants, mud to
sand; freshwater reeds, rushes, and trees; mammals and fowl
S 2 Prairie grasslands, flat to gently rolling upland; prairie grasses,
mud and sand substrate, much of area cultivated, bluestem,
indiangrass, chaparral, mesquite, hackberry, huisache, cactus,
some oaks and brush; fowl and small mammals (upper coast); mud,
silt, sand, uncultivated, distinctive grasses, mesquite, cactus,
huisache, chaparral, fowl and mammals (lower coast)
S 2a Prairie grasslands, flat to gently rolling upland, sand substrate;
chaparral, grasses, mesquite, catclaw, cactus, hackberry,
slightly more brush growth, extensively cultivated
S 3 Swamp, poorly drained, sediment and water supplied by overbanking
fluvial systems; sand and mud; dwarf palmetto, cypress, elm, bay,
mulberry, water oak, gum,, grapevine, and yaupon; raccoon,
opossum, some mink and squirrels, fowl, snakes
S4 Fluvial woodland; water-tolerant hardwoods, pecan, hickory, live
oak, water oak, blackjack oak, elm, hackberry, Magnolia, sweet-
gum, red haw, ash, shortleaf pine, carpetgrass, bermuda grass,
greenbriar, yaupon, grape; mammals, fowl, snakes (upper coast);
short timber, sparse, discontinuous, some hardwood., mesquite,
huisache, mammals, fowl (lower coast)
S 4a Fluvial woodland, short timber, sparse, discontinuous, some hard-
wood, mesquite, huisache; mammals, fowl
S 4b Fluvial woodlands, silty clay, silt, and sand substrate; seasonally
flooded; diverse assemblages of trees, shrubs, and vines, local
areas of palm groves; inland stream courses predominantly heavy
brush; extensively cultivated
S 5 Mixed pine and hardwood forest, sand and clay, well drained;
loblolly pine, longleaf pine, shortleaf 'pine, gum, cypress, oak,
hickory; mammals, fowl, snakes

261

APPENDIX I
LEGEND FOR BIOLOGIC ASSEMBLAGE MAPS

S6 Loose sand and loess prairies, bunch grasses, commonly overgrazed,
scattered oak mottes, freshwater marsh in blowouts and depres-
sions in wet cycles; rodents, mammals, snakes, fowl
S7 Brushland, moderately stabilized dunes, inactive clay-sand dunes,
some loess deposits; mesquite, chaparral, other scrub, distinc-
tive grasses, cactus; game, fowl, climax vegetation
S8 Fluvial grassland; grasses and brushes) bluestem) sacabuista,
mesquite, catclaw, Acacia; mammals, fowl, snakes
S9 Oak mottes and groves, live oak and dwarfed live oak; permeable and
well drained; salt spray may kill leaves on windward side, grow
rapidly leeward producing sculptured oak mottes; rodents, snakes
S10 Poorly drained depressions, mud substrate, occasionally flooded or
pond water; locally seasonal hydrophytes, other high-moisture
plants and prairie grasses; extensively cultivated (Brownsville
area)

S10a Poorly drained depressions, mud substrate, occasionally pond water,
mesquite, granjeno, buisache, retamaY lovegrass; extensively
cultivated

S11 Fluvial brushland, sand and silt substrate, occasionally flooded;
dense mesquite, chaparral, ebony, brazil, guayacan, allthorn,
cactus, sparse grasses; extensively cultivated
S12 Saline grasslands, mud, coastal sacahuista, other salt-tolerant
grasses and alkali weeds; inland areas grade into brush-covered
bottomlands and fluvial brushlands; coastal areas grade into
saltwater marsh (unmapped where narrow belt) and wind-tidal flat
S13 Small prairies in forested uplands, coarse grass with scattered
pines and hardwoods; muds; mammals and fowl

0 262

APPENDIX J

SURFACE SEDIMENT DISTRIBUTION KEY

MUD FAULT

AA - Mud - Inactive faults that do not
intersect seafloor and area
AB - Sand mud commonly overlain by continuous
seismic reflectors. No move-
AC - Shelly mud ment in recent geologic past
indicated. Apparent displace-
AD - Sandy shelly mud ment measured at depths of 400
to 600 feet

SAND Potentially active faults that
intersect seafloor or are near
BA - Sand seafloor. Movement has occur-
red in recent geologic past and
BB - Muddy sand reactivation is likely.
Approximate displacement
BC - Shelly sand measured at depths of 400 to
600 feet.
BD - Muddy shelly sand

SHELL AND GRAVEL

CA - Shell and rock fragment gravel
CB - Muddy shell
CC - Sandy shell
CD - Sandy muddy shell and muddy sandy shell

REEF

DA - Reef, oyster and serpulid

OTHER

- Relict stiff mud

263

0 264

APPENDIX K

Standards for Pipelines
Requiring a Right-of-Way Across
Public Lands

All pipelines or utility lines crossing state-owned submerged lands
must be granted a right-of-way by the General Land Office.

Source Standard

GLO Rule An easement or lease for pipelines over
126.18.02.002(a) state public lands binds the grantee to
comply with all existing rules and orders
which the Commissioner determines to be
necessary and proper in order to provide for
the protection and conservation of the
natural resources of public lands and waters.

GLO Rule
126.18.02.002(b)(1) If an easement is obtained for pipeline
purposes, the applicant is bound to comply
with additional terms and conditions, except
those waived by the Commissioner; these
conditions are:
* to bury the pipeline below the bottom of
the gulf, bay, or inlet crossing at a depth
not less than 24 inches or placing the pipe-
line on a structure of sufficient height to
insure reasonable safety from sustaining
flood damage;
to water-pressure test all lines before
use to one and one-half times the anticipated
working pressure;
to construct a steel line from new or
reconditioned pipe in first class condition;
to electrically test or x-ray any steel
line field weld to insure reasonable safety
from leaks;
* to dope and treat any steel line before it
is submerged to offer reasonable resistance
to the corrosive effect of salt water;
* to bury a pipeline in such a manner so as
to backfill evenly the sand, gravel, soil, or
other material excavated during construction
onto the disturbed area to conform as much as
is reasonably possible with the bottom
profile of the adjacent natural submerged
land;
* to undertake erosion preventative measures
at shorelines by either terracing or exca-
vating cuts, fills, or other disturbed areas

265

APPENDIX K (continued)

so that they may naturally vegetate, seeding
cuts and fills as soon as possible to prevent
erosion, or placing gravel, stone, or rock in
cuts or on fills where site factors make it
unusually difficult to establish a protective
vegetative cover;
to select a right-of-way, when feasible
which avoids shell reefs, submerged grass
beds, and marshes.

GLO Rule
126.18.02.002(b)(3) In the event the easement is on State-owned
upland and is for a pipeline construction
purposes, the applicant must bury any pipe-
line at least 24 inches below the surface and
construct the pipeline so as not to interfere
with the use of the land f or grazing of
livestock or for farming in the usual manner;
limit clearing of natural vegetation to that
material which poses a hazard or a hindrance
to the construction of the pipeline; mini-
mize clearing so as to leave a screen of
natural vegetation where the right-of-way
crosses a highway.

266

TD
195
.P5
T49
1980
11111111 111011111
3 6668 14106 6326