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                                                              US Army Corps                                                                                                                                             Property of CSO Library
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
                                                              of Engineers
                                                              Now Orleans District
                                                              Amite  River and Tributaries, Louisiana
                                                              East Baton Rouge Parish Watershed
                                                              Flood Control Projects


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        U.S. Department of commerce NOAA
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        COASTAL SERVICES CENTER
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2234 SOUTH HOBSON AVENUE
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       CHARLESTON SC  29405-2113







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                                                              Feasibility Study
                       TC                                               olume I of 4
                       424                                              lain Report                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     REVISED
                       .L8
                       A45
                       1995                                             nvironmental impact Statement                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             DRAFT
                       V. 1                                             ebruary 1995
 





















































           If you have any questions or require additional information,

           please contact Mr. Frank Vicidomina, Study Manager, U.S. Army

           Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District, P.O. Box 60267

           New Orleans, LA 70160, telephone number (504) 862-1597.









                                     VOLUMEI


               MAIN REPORT AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT



                                     VOLUME2


               APPENDIX A FEASIBILITY COST-SHARING AGREEMENT


               APPENDIXB EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH DRAINAGE
                           PROJECTS


               APPENDIXC ENGINEERING INVESTIGATIONS



                                     VOLUME3


               APPENDIX D HAZARDOUS, TOXIC AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE
                           SURVEY


               APPENDIXE   SUPPORTING ENVIRONMENTAL DATA


               APPENDIX F  DRAFT FISH AND WILDLIFE COORDINATION ACT
                           REPORT


               APPENDIX G  CULTURAL RESOURCES CORRESPONDENCE



                                     VOLUME4


               APPENDIX H  ECONOMICS


               APPENDIXI   REAL ESTATE PLAN


               APPENDIXJ   LAND USE ANALYSIS


               APPENDIX K  EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH FLOOD DAMAGE
                           PREVENTION ORDINANCE












                                             SYLLABUS


                     The purpose of the overall Amite River and Tributaries
                 study is to investigate the feasibility of providing flood
                 protection for the residents in the Amite River Basin. This
                 report documents the results of the feasibility phase studies
                 for the East Baton Rouge Parish watershed. The goal of the
                 study was to develop solutions to reduce flood damages along
                 the tributary streams of the Amite and Comite Rivers in East
                 Baton Rouge Parish. The study area encompasses about 560
                 square miles in southeastern Louisiana and contains the cities
                 of Baton Rouge, Baker, and Zachary. Urban and built-up land
                 comprise 40 percent of the existing land use. In 1991, the
                 study area population was 384,000. East Baton Rouge Parish
                 continues to grow with an expected 40% population increase by
                 the year 2040. Numerous floods have occurred in the basin
                 between 1973 and 1993. Flooding within the basin originates
                 from excessive rainfall resulting in headwater and backwater
                 overflow of the Amite River and tributary streams. The maximum
                 flood of record occurred in 1983 and caused approximately
                 $172 million in damages in the Amite River Basin. In the East
                 Baton Rouge watershed, flood damages were estimated at
                 $65 million.


                     Numerous structural and non-structural measures were
                 considered to reduce flood damages in the East Baton Rouge
                 Parish watershed. The tentatively selected plan calls for
                 channel modifications to five watersheds within the parish of
                 East Baton Rouge. These watersheds are Blackwater Bayou and
                 its main tributary, Beaver Bayou, Jones Creek and tributaries,
                 Ward Creek and tributaries, and Bayou Fountain. The plan
                 consists of modifying approximately 66 total miles of channel.
                 Of this total, approximately 25 miles minimal channel clearing
                 and snagging, 24 miles of earthen channel enlargement, and
                 17 miles of channel concrete lining are proposed. Included in
                 the proposed construction are 60 miles of stream bank aesthetic
                 tree planting. Fish and wildlife mitigation features consist
                 of the reforestation of 397 acres of cleared land to compensate
                 for an estimated 280 acres of bottomland hardwoods that would
                 be lost to project construction. Recreation features include
                 an 11-mile bicycle path. The total first cost of the plan, in
                 second quarter 1994 dollars, is estimated at $109,100,000 which
                 translates into an average annual cost of $10,921,000 based on
                 an interest rate of 8 percent, amortized over 50 years. This
                 cost includes interest lost during construction and expected
                 operation, maintenance, repair, and rehabilitation. The total
                 average annual benefits attributed to the plan are estimated at
                 $24,358,000. The benefit/cost ratio of the total plan is 2.23
                 to 1.









                              EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                          FEASIBILITY STUDY


                                            TABLE OF C01=NTS


                   TITLE                                                            PAGE


                   STUDY  AUTHORITY                                                     1


                   STUDY  PURPOSE AND SCOPE                                             1


                   PRIOR  STUDIES, -REPORTS, AND EXISTING WATER PROJECTS                5

                   PLAN FORMULATION                                                   13


                       ASSESSMENT OF WATER AND RELATED LAND RESOURCES                 13
                          PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES


                             EXISTING CONDITIONS                                      14


                                  Physiography and Geology                            14.

                                  Economy                                             15


                                        Human Resources                               16


                                  Transportation                                      17

                                  Climate                                             17


                                  Temperature                                         17

                                  Precipitation                                       18


                                  Wind                                                21


                                  Existing Land  Use                                  24

                                  Biological Resources                                27


                                  Cultural Resources                                  28


                                  Recreation Resources                                29


                                  Aesthetics                                          30


                                  Surface Water                                       30










                   EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                               FEASIBILITY STUDY


                          TAWA OF CONTENTS (Continued)


        TITLE                                                             PAGE


                       Groundwater                                         31


                       Water Supply                                        31

                       Water Quality                                       33

                             Comite River                                  33


                             Amite River                                   35


                       Streamflow Data                                     37


                       Description of Flood Problems                       39

                             Major Floods                                  39

                                  1953 Flood                               39


                                  1962 Flood                               39


                                  1973  Flood                              39


                                  1977  Flood                              41


                                  1979  Flood                              41


                                  1983  Floods                             41


                                  1989  Flood                              41


                                  1990  Flood                              41


                                  1993  Flood                              42


                       Flood Damage                                        42

                       Flood Damage Potential                              43


                       Streambank Erosion                                  44


                  FUTURE CONDITIONS (IF NO FEDERAL ACTION IS TAKEN)        52






                                          ii










                             EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                        FEASIBILITY STUDY


                                   TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


                  TITLE                                                         PAGE


                                 Economy and Human Resources                     52

                                 Future Land Use                                 52


                                 Biological Resources                            61


                                 Water Resources                                 61


                                 Cultural Resources                              61


                           PROBLEMS, NEEDS, AND OPPORTUNITIES                    63

                                 Flood Control                                   63


                                 Streambank Erosion Problems                     64


                                 Water Quality                                   64

                                 Biological Resources                            64

                                 Recreation Resources                            65


                      PLANNING CONSTRAINTS                                       65


                      PLANNING OBJECTIVES                                        66


                      DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE PLANS                           67


                           MANAGEMENT MEASURES                                   67


                           PLAN FORMULATION RATIONALE                            67


                           BLACKWATER BAYOU                                      69


                                 POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD                69
                                   DAMAGES


                                           Structural Measures                   69










                  EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                             FEASIBILITY STUDY


                         TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


       TITLE                                                          PAGE


                                      Detention/Retention              69
                                        Storage


                                      Channel Modifications            71


                                Nonstructural Measures                 72


                                Screening of Initial Alternative       77
                                   Plans


                                Analysis of Final Alternative          79
                                   Plans


                                      National Economic                79
                                        Development (NED)

                                      Environmental Quality            83

                                      Regional Economic                83
                                        Development


                                      Social Effects                   84


                                      Trade-Off Analyses and Plan      84
                                        Selection


                                      Comparison to                    86
                                        Nonstructural Measures


                 BEAVER BAYOU                                          93


                      POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD                 93
                        DAMAGES


                           Structural Measures                         93


                                Detention/Retention Storage            93

                                Channel Modifications                  95


                           Nonstructural Measures                      96


                      Screening of Initial Alternative Plans           100



                                        iv









                             EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                        FEASIBILITY STUDY


                                    TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


                  TITLE                                                         PAGE


                                 Analysis of Final Alternative Plans            101

                                      National Economic Development             103

                                      Environmental Quality                     103

                                      Regional Economic Development             110

                                      Social Effects                            ill


                                      Trade-Off Analyses and Plan               ill
                                        Selection


                                      Comparison to Nonstructural               112
                                        Measures


                           JONES CREEK                                          117


                                 POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD               120
                                   DAMAGES


                                      Structural Measures                       120


                                           Detention/Retention Storage          120

                                           Channel Modifications                120


                                      Nonstructural Measures                    121


                                 Screening of Initial Alternative-s             125

                                 Analysis of Final Alternatives                 126

                                      National Economic Development             127

                                      Environmental Quality                     127

                                      Regional Economic Development             128

                                      Social Effects                            128


                                      Trade-Off Analyses and Plan               129
  0                                     Selection

                                                  v










                  EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH TRIBUTARIES
                              rEAsIBILITY STMY


                         TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


       TITLE                                                          PAGE


                 CLAYCUT BAYOU                                        133


                      POSSIBLE  OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD               133
                        DAMAGES


                           Structural Measures                        133


                                 Detention/Retention Storage          133

                                 Channel Modifications                133


                                 Backwater Gate - Barrier             134
                                   Levee - Pumping Station

                           Nonstructural Measures                     135


                 WARD CREEK                                           136


                      POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD                140
                        DAMAGES


                           Structural Measures                        140


                                 Detention/Retention Storage          140

                                 Channel Modifications                140


                           Nonstructural Measures                     141


                      Screening of Initial Alternatives               147

                      Reformulation and Analyses of                   148
                        Alternative Plans


                      Analysis of Final Alternatives                  157

                           National Economic Development              158

                           Environmental Quality                      158

                           Regional Economic Development              159






                                       vi









                             EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                        FEASIBILITY STWY


                                    TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


                  TITLE                                                         PAGE


                                      Social Effects                             159


                                      Trade-Off Analyses and Plan                159
                                        Selection


                           BAYOU FOUNTAIN                                        163


                                 POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD                166
                                   DAMAGES


                                      Structural Measures                        166


                                           Detention/Retention Storage           166

                                           Channel Modifications                 166


                                           Pumping Stations                      167

                                                Pumping Station at the           167
                                                  Mouth of Bayou Fountain

                                                Pumping Station on Elbow         168
                                                  Bayou

                                                Pumping Station Located          168
                                                  on Upper Bayou Fountain

                                           Floodgate                             170


                                           Combination of Structural             170
                                              Plans


                                      Nonstructural Measures                     171


                                 Screening of Initial Alternatives               181


                                 Evaluation of Intermediate Alternative          185
                                   Plans


                                 Analysis of Final Alternatives                  185

                                      National Economic Development              186




                                                 vii










                  EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                             FEASIBILITY STUDY


                         TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


       TITLE                                                         PAGE


                                Environmental Quality                 187

                                Regional Economic Development         188

                                Social Effects                        188


                                Trade-Off Analyses and Plan           188
                                  Selection


                 BAYOU MANCHAC                                        193


                      POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD                193
                        DAMAGES


                           Structural Measures                        193


                                Detention/Retention Storage           193

                                Channel Modifications                 193


                                Pumping Station/Diversion             194


                           Nonstructural Measures                     195


           TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN                                  196


                 GENERAL                                              196


                 BLACKWATER BAYOU                                     197


                      Description                                     197

                           Plan Effectiveness                         197


                      Design and Construction                         201


                      Relocations                                     202


                      Real Estate                                     202










                                      viii









                            EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                       FEASIBILITY STUDY


                                   TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


                  TITLE                                                        PAGE


                                Mitigation                                     203

                                Recreation                                     203


                                Aesthetics                                     203


                                Cultural Resources                             204


                                Stream Gaging                                  204

                                Operation and Maintenance                      204

                                Environmental and Social Effects               204


                                Economic Benefits                              205


                                Final Costs, Net Benefits                      205

                                Cost-Sharing                                   206

                                Risk and Uncertainty                           212

                                     Stage Frequency Values                    212

                                     Structure Elevations                      213


                                     Structure Valuation                       213


                                     Construction Costs                        213


                                     Erosion Control Measures                  213


                           BEAVER BAYOU                                        215


                                Description                                    215


                                Plan Effectiveness                             215













                                                 ix-










                  EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                              FEASIBILITY STUDY


                         TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


        TITLE                                                         PAGE


                      Design and Construction                         218

                      Relocations and Removals                        219


                      Real Estate                                     220


                      Mitigation                                      220


                      Recreation                                      221


                      Aesthetics                                      221


                      Cultural Resources                              221


                      Stream Gaging                                   221

                      Operation and Maintenance                       222

                      Environmental and Social Effects                222


                      Economic Benefits                               223


                      Final Costs, Net Benefits                       223

                      Cost-Sharing                                    224

                      Risk and Uncertainty                            229

                            Stage Frequency Values                    229


                            Structure Elevations                      230


                            Structure Valuations                      230


                            Construction Costs                        230


                            Erosion Control Measures                  231












                                        x









                              EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                         FEASIBILITY STUDY


                                     TABLE OF CONTEWS (Continued)


                   TITLE                                                           PAGE


                            JONES CREEK                                            233


                                  Description                                      233

                                  Plan Effectiveness                               233


                                  Design and Construction                          238

                                  Relocations and Removals                         239


                                  Real Estate                                      239


                                  'Mitigation                                      239


                                  Recreation                                       239


                                  Aesthetics                                       240


                                  Cultural Resources                               240


                                  Stream Gaging                                    241

                                  Operation and Maintenance                        241

                                  Environmental  and Social Effects                241


                                  Economic Benefits                                242


                                       Final Costs,  Net Benefits                  243

                                  Cost-Sharing                                     243

                                  Risk and Uncertainty                             249

                                       Stage Frequency  Values                     249


                                       Structure Elevations                        249


                                       Structure Valuations                        250










                                                   xi










                  EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH TRIBUTARIES
                             FEASIBILITY STUDY


                         TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


       TITLE                                                         PAGE


                           Construction Costs                         250


                           Erosion Abatement Benefits                 250


                           Property Utility Values                    251

                 WARD CREEK                                           253


                      Description                                     253

                      Plan Effectiveness                              254


                      Design and Construction                         257

                      Relocations and Removals                        262


                      Real Estate                                     262


                      Mitigation                                      262

                      Recreation                                      263


                      Aesthetics                                      263


                      Cultural Resources                              263


                      Stream Gaging                                   263

                      Operation and Maintenance                       263

                      Environmental and Social Effects                264


                      Economic Benefits                               265


                      Final Costs, Net Benefits                       266

                      Cost-Sharing                                    266

                      Risk and Uncertainty                            271







                                       xii









                            EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                       FEASIBILITY STWY


                                   TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


                  TITLE                                                        PAGE


                                     Stage Frequency Values                    271

                                     Structure Elevations                      272


                                     Structure Valuations                      272


                                     Construction Costs                        272


                                     Erosion Abatement Benefits                273


                                     Property Utility Values                   273

                           BAYOU FOUNTAIN                                      275


                                Description                                    275


                                Plan Effectiveness                             276


                                Design and Construction                        278

                                Relocations and Removals                       279


                                Real Estate                                    279


                                Mitigation                                     280

                                Recreation                                     280


                                Aesthetics                                     280


                                Cultural Resources                             281


                                Stream Gaging                                  281

                                Operation and Maintenance                      281

                                Environmental and Social Effects               281


                                Economic Benefits                              282










                                                xiii










                  EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                             FEASIBILITY STUDY


                         TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

       TITLE                                                         PAGE,

                      Final Costs, Net Benefits                      282

                      Cost-Sharing                                   283

                      Floodplain Management                          283

                      Risk and Uncertainty                           290

                           Stage Frequency Values                    290

                           Structure Elevations                      291


                           Structure Valuations                      291


                           Construction Costs                        291


                MITIGATION PLAN                                      293


                HAZARDOUS, TOXIC, AND RADIOACTIVE                    294
                  WASTE (HTRW)


           PLAN IMPLEMENTATION                                       294


                GENERAL                                              294


                SUMMARY                                              295


                      DIVISION OF PLAN RESPONSIBILITIES              298


                           FEDERAL RESPONSIBILITIES                  298


                           NON-FEDERAL RESPONSIBILITIES              298


                                Construction Cost-Sharing            300

                                Construction Schedule                301


                                Construction Funding                 304
                                  Requirements








                                      xiv










                            EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                       FEASIBILITY STUDY


                                   TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)


                  TITLE                                                        PAGE


                                          Operation and Maintenance             304
                                            Funding Requirements

                                     Preliminary Capability Statement           311

                                SUMMARY OF COORDINATION, PUBLIC VIEWS,          312
                                  AND COMMENTS


                                ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT


                                TENTATIVE RECOMMENDATION




















































                                                 xv










                  EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                             FEASIBILITY STWY


                                LIST OF TABLES


       NUMBER                        TITLE                           PAGE


       1         WATERSHEDS OF EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH UNDER            4
                 STUDY


       2         HISTORICAL POPULATION TRENDS IN EAST BATON           16
                 ROUGE PARISH


       3         MAXIMUM, MINIMUM, AND MEAN MONTHLY                   18
                 TEMPERATURES (OF) 30 YEAR NORMALS
                 (1951-1980)


       4         PRECIPITATION STATIONS                               19


       5         BATON ROUGE AIRPORT MONTHLY AND ANNUAL               20
                 PRECIPITATION (INCHES) (1951-1980)


       6         AVERAGE PRECIPITATION (INCHES) (1980-1991)           20


       7         AVERAGE MONTHLY AND ANNUAL WIND SPEEDS               22
                 1973-1989 (MPH) BATON ROUGE AT RYAN AIRPORT


       8         RESULTANT DIRECTION 1973-1989                        23
                 BATON ROUGE AT RYAN AIRPORT


       9         EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH HISTORICAL LAND              24
                 USE (ACRES)


       10        HISTORICAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT TRENDS WITHIN           26
                 AND OUTSIDE 100-YEAR FLOODPLAIN (ACRES)


       11        INCREASE IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT WITHIN AND             27
                 OUTSIDE THE 100-YEAR FLOODPLAIN FOR
                 SELECTED PARISHES


       12        EXISTING URBAN LAND USE BY WATERSHED                 28


       13        HISTORICAL AND EXISTING WATER USE IN                 32
                 EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH


       14        STREAMFLOW DATA                                      38


       15        FLOOD OCCURRENCE WITHIN SPECIFIC WATERSHEDS          40







                                      xvi









                             EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                        FEASIBILITY STWY


                                     LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED)


                  NUMBER                        TITLE                           PAGE


                  16        NUMBER OF STRUCTURES IN THE VARIOUS                   45
                            FLOODPLAINS OF EAST BATON ROUGE


                  17        PROJECTED POPULATION FOR EAST BATON  ROUGE            53


                  18        POPULATION, PERSONAL INCOME, AND EARNINGS             54
                            1969-1983, AND PROJECTED, 1990-2035 FOR
                            BATON ROUGE, LA (MSA)

                  19        EMPLOYMENT, 1969-1983, AND PROJECTED,                 55
                            1990-2035 FOR BATON ROUGE, LA (MSA)

                  20        FUTURE LAND USE BY GROWTH REGIONS, 1978-2047          57


                  21        EXISTING AND PROJECTED LAND USE                       60


                  22        FUTURE WATER USE IN THE LOUISIANA PORTION             62
                            OF AMITE RIVER BASIN


                  23        BLACKWATER BAYOU - DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES         70
                            WITHIN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS


                  24        BLACKWATER BAYOU - CALCULATED WITHOUT PROJECT         70
                            EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DAMAGES


                  25        BLACKWATER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLAN           73
                            SUMMARY


                  26        BLACKWATER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS          74


                  27        BLACKWATER BAYOU - ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF               78
                            INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS


                  28        BLACKWATER BAYOU FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY           83
                            OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS


                  29        BLACKWATER BAYOU - ESTIMATED NUMBER.OF                89
                            STRUCTURES, TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION AND RAISING
                            REQUIREMENTS FOR THE 10-YEAR FLOODPLAIN


                  30        BLACKWATER BAYOU - ESTIMATED NUMBER OF                90
                            STRUCTURES, TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION AND RAISING
                            REQUIREMENTS FOR THE 25-YEAR FLOODPLAIN





                                                 xvii










                   EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                              FEASIBILITY STMY


                           LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED)


        NUMBER                        TITLE                            PAGE



        31       ESTIMATED COST PER SQUARE FOOT TO ELEVATE              91
                 RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES


        32       ESTIMATED UNIT COST FOR EARTHEN RING LEVEES            92


        33       BEAVER BAYOU - DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES              94
                 WITHIN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS


        34       BEAVER BAYOU - CALCULATED WITHOUT PROJECT              94
                 EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DAMAGES


        35       BEAVER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLAN                97
                 SUMMARY


        36       BEAVER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS               98


        37       BEAVER BAYOU - ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INITIAL           102
                 ALTERNATIVE PLANS


        38       BEAVER BAYOU - FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF          104
                 COMPARATIVE ITEMS


        39       BEAVER BAYOU - ESTIMATED NUMBER OF STRUCTURES,        115
                 TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION AND RAISING REQUIREMENTS
                 FOR THE 10-YEAR FLOODPLAIN


        40       BEAVER BAYOU - ESTIMATED NUMBER OF STRUCTURES,        116
                 TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION AND RAISING REQUIREMENTS
                 FOR THE 25-YEAR FLOODPLAIN


        41       JONES CREEK - DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES              118
                 WITHIN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS


        42       JONES CREEK - CALCULATED WITHOUT PROJECT              119
                 EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DAMAGES


        43       JONES CREEK - INITIAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY            123


        44'      JONES CREEK - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS               124









                                      xviii










                             EAST EATON ROUGE PARISH TRIBUTARIES
                                        FEASIBILITY STMY


                                     LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED)


                  NUMBER                        TITLE                           PAGE


                  45       JONES CREEK - ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INITIAL           126
                           ALTERNATIVE PLANS


                  46       JONES CREEK - FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY             130
                           OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS


                  47       CLAYCUT BAYOU - DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES           135
                           WITHIN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS


                  48       WARD CREEK - DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES              137
                           WITHIN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS


                  49       WARD CREEK - CALCULATED WITHOUT PROJECT              139
                           EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DAMAGES


                  50       WARD CREEK  - SUMMARY OF INITIAL ALTERNATIVE         143
                           PLANS


                  51       WARD CREEK  - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS              144


                  52       WARD CREEK  - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS              149
                           CALCULATED  BENEFITS AND COSTS


                  53       WARD CREEK  AND TRIBUTARIES - CHANNEL                150
                           MODIFICATION ALTERNATIVES: WCC-P4A AND
                           WCC-P4B


                  54       WARD CREEK - ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PLANS              152
                           P4A AND P4B


                  55       WARD CREEK ALTERNATIVE PLANS WCC-P4Al                153
                           WCC-P4A4


                  56       WARD CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS WCC-P4A5              156
                           WCC-P4A6


                  57       WARD CREEK - ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PLANS              156
                           P4A5 AND P4A6


                  58       WARD CREEK - FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY              160
                           OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS







                                                 xix










                  EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                             FEASIBILITY STUDY


                          LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED)


        NUMBER                       TITLE                           PAGE


        59       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES         164
                 WITHIN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS


        60       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - CALCULATED WITHOUT PROJECT         165
                 EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DAMAGES


        61       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS          174
                 SUMMARY


        62       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS          176


        63       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS          183
                 CALCULATED BENEFITS AND COSTS


        64       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INTERMEDIATE ALTERNATIVE           184
                 PLANS


        65       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PLANS         186
                 BF10A, BF10B, BF25A, AND BF25B


        66       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY         190
                 OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS


        67       BAYOU MANCHAC - DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES          194
                 WITHIN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS


        68       BLACKWATER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN        198
                 PROPOSED CHANNEL WIDTHS AND RELOCATIONS


        69       BLACKWATER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY SELECTED-PLAN        199
                 EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE REDUCTIONS (FT)


        70       BLACKWATER BAYOU - NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED     200
                 IN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS WITH AND WITHOUT
                 THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


        71       BLACKWATER BAYOU - PROJECT COSTS AND BENEFITS       207
                 FOR THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


        72       BLACKWATER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN        208
                 CHART OF ACCOUNTS








                                       xx









                             EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH TRIBUTARIES
                                        FEASIBILITY STWY


                                     LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED)


                  NUMBER                        TITLE                          PAGE


                  73       BEAVER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN             216
                           PROPOSED CHANNEL WIDTHS AND RELOCATIONS


                  74       BEAVER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN             217
                           EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE REDUCTIONS (FT)


                  75       BEAVER BAYOU - NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED          218
                           IN THE VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS WITH AND WITHOUT
                           THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                  76       BEAVER BAYOU - PROJECT COSTS AND BENEFITS FOR        224
                           THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                  77       BEAVER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN             225
                           CHART OF ACCOUNTS


                  78       JONES CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN              234


                  79       JONES CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN              235
                           EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE REDUCTIONS (FT)


                  80       JONES CREEK - NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED           236
                           IN THE VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS WITH AND WITHOUT
                           THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                  81       JONES CREEK - PROJECT COSTS AND BENEFITS             244
                           FOR THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                  82       JONES CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN              245
                           CHART OF ACCOUNTS


                  83       WARD CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN               254


                  84       WARD CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN               256
                           EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE REDUCTIONS (FT)

                  85       WARD CREEK - NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED            258
                           IN THE VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS WITH AND WITHOUT
                           THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN










                                                 xxi-










                  EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                             FEASIBILITY STUDY


                          LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED)


        NUMBER                       TITLE                           PAGE


        86       STAGE FREQUENCY EFFECTS OF PROJECTED                 261
                 URBANIZATION FOR THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED
                 PLAN FOR WARD CREEK


        87       PROPOSED STREAM GAGING PROGRAM ADDITIONS             264
                 FOR WARD CREEK


        88       WARD CREEK - PROJECT COSTS AND BENEFITS FOR          267
                 THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


        89       WARD CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN               268
                 CHART OF ACCOUNTS


        90       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN           275
                 PROPOSED CHANNEL MODIFICATIONS


        91       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN           277
                 EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE REDUCTIONS (FT)


        92       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED        278
                 IN THE VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS WITH AND WITHOUT
                 THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


        93       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - PROJECTS COSTS AND BENEFITS         285
                 FOR THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


        94       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN           286
                 CHART OF ACCOUNTS


        95       TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN SUMMARY                    296

        96       TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - INCREMENTAL FEDERAL      302
                 AND NON-FEDERAL COSTS - BAYOU FOUNTAIN


        97       TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - PROPOSED                 303
                 CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULES


        98       MITIGATION SITE ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT          305
                 SCHEDULE


        99       TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - COST SCHEDULE            306
                 (INCREMENTAL)





                                      xxii










                             EAST BATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                        FEASIBILITY STIMY


                                     LIST OF TABLES (CONTINUED)


                  NUMBER                        TITLE                            PAGE


                  100       TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - COST SCHEDULE            308
                            (FULLY-FUNDED)


                  101       TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - FULLY-FUNDED AND         310
                            NON-FEDERAL COSTS


                  102       REQUIRE PROJECT ANNUAL OPERATION, MAINTENANCE,       311
                            AND EQUIVALENT ANNUAL REPLACEMENT COSTS


                  103       TOTAL SYSTEM OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE COST         311
                            INCREASE FOR PROPOSED PROJECT

















































                                                xxiii










                  EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                             FEASIBILITY STWY


                                LIST OF PLATES


       NUMBER                        TITLE


       1              AMITE RIVER BASIN


       2              WATERSHED LOCATIONS


       3              COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL


       4              SUBBASIN LOCATIONS


       5              BLACKWATER BAYOU, BEAVER BAYOU AND TRIBUTARIES

       6              JONES CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES


       7              CLAY CUT BAYOU AND TRIBUTARIES


       8              WARD CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES


       9              BAYOU FOUNTAIN AND TRIBUTARIES


       10             BAYOU MANCHAC


       11             BLACKWATER BAYOU AND BEAVER BAYOU - ALTERNATIVE
                      PLANS BW-Pl, BW-P2; BBN-Pl, BBN-P4


       12             BLACKWATER BAYOU AND BEAVER BAYOU - ALTERNATIVE
                      PLANS BW-P3, BW-P4; BBN-P2, BBN-P5


       13             BLACKWATER BAYOU AND BEAVER BAYOU - ALTERNATIVE
                      PLANS BW-P5, BW-P6; BBN-P7, BBN-P8


       14             BLACKWATER BAYOU AND BEAVER BAYOU    ALTERNATIVE
                      PLANS BBN-P3 AND BBN-P6


       15             BLACKWATER BAYOU AND BEAVER BAYOU    ALTERNATIVE
                      PLANS BW-P7; BBN-P9


       16             JONES CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS JCCL-Pl AND
                      JCCL-P3


       17             JONES CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS JCCL-P2 AND
                      JCCL-P4


       18             WARD CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS WCC-Pl AND WCC-P4






                                     xxiv









                            EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                       MLSIBILITY STMY


                                     LIST OF PL&TES (CONTINUED)


                  NUMBER                       TITLE


                  19            WARD CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS WCC-P2 AND WCC-P5


                  20            WARD CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS WCC-P3 AND WCC-P6


                  21            WARD CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS WCC-P4A AND
                                WCC-P4B


                  22            WARD CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS WCC-P4Al AND
                                WCC-P4A2


                  23            WARD CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS WCC-P4A3 AND
                                WCC-P4A4


                  24            WARD CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS WCC-P4A5 AND
                                WCC-P4A6


                  25            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE PLAN BF10


                  26            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE PLAN BF25


                  27            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE  PLAN BF50


                  28            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE  PLAN BF25C


                  29            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE  PLAN BF50C


                  30            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE  PLANS BFPS300,
                                BFPS600, AND BFPS900

                  31            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE  PLAN BFGATE


                  32            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE  PLANS UBF350A AND
                                UBF35,OB

                  33            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE  PLANS MEADBRL AND
                                HIGHPRL


                  34            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE  PLAN-BF10-BFGATE


                  35            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE  PLAN BFPS300-C/S

                  36            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - ALTERNATIVE  PLAN BFP300-BF10





                                                xxv










                   EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH TRIBUTARIES
                               FFASIBILITY STUDY


                            LIST OF PL&TES (CONTINUED)


        NUMBER                          TITLE


        37              BAYOU FOUNTAIN  - ALTERNATIVE PLAN  BFPS600 - BF10


        38              BAYOU FOUNTAIN  - ALTERNATIVE PLAN  BFPS600 - BF25


        39              BAYOU FOUNTAIN  - ALTERNATIVE PLAN  BFPS900 -
                        BF25C


        40              BAYOU FOUNTAIN  - ALTERNATIVE PLANS BF10A AND
                        BF10B


        41              BAYOU FOUNTAIN  - ALTERNATIVE PLANS BF25A AND
                        BF25B


        42              BLACKWATER. AND BEAVER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY
                        SELECTED PLAN


        43              BLACKWATER. AND BEAVER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY
                        SELECTED PLAN - RELOCATIONS


        44              JONES CREEK   TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


        45              WARD CREEK   TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


        46              BAYOU FOUNTAIN - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


        47              TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - TYPICAL CROSS
                        SECTIONS (1 OF 3)


        48              TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - TYPICAL CROSS
                        SECTIONS (2 OF 3)


        49              TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - TYPICAL CROSS
                        SECTIONS (3 OF 3)


        50              TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - SPOIL DISPOSAL AREA
                        (WARD CREEK AND BAYOU FOUNTAIN)


        51              TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - SPOIL DISPOSAL AREA
                        (BLACKWATER, BEAVER, AND JONES CREEK)









                                        xxvi









                            EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                       FEASIBILITY STUDY


                                    LIST OF PLATES (CONTINUED)


                 NUMBER                        TITLE


                 52             TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - MITIGATION AND REAL
                                ESTATE PURCHASE AREAS (1 OF 3)


                 53             TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - MITIGATION AND REAL
                                ESTATE PURCHASE AREAS (2 OF 3)


                 54             TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - MITIGATION AND REAL
                                ESTATE PURCHASE AREAS (3 OF 3)


                 55             TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - EXPECTED STAGE
                                LOWERINGS - BLACKWATER BAYOU


                 56             TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - EXPECTED STAGE
                                LOWERINGS - BEAVER BAYOU


                 57             TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - EXPECTED STAGE
                                LOWERINGS - JONES CREEK


                 58             TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - EXPECTED STAGE
                                LOWERINGS - WARD CREEK


                 59             TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - EXPECTED STAGE
                                LOWERINGS - BAYOU FOUNTAIN


































                                               xxvii










                  EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                             FEASIBILITY STWY



                                LIST OF FIGURES


       FIGURE                        TITLE


       1              JONES CREEK AND NORTH BRANCH WARD CREEK
                      STREAMBANK EROSION


       2              BLACKWATER B9YOU PROJECT COST PROBABILITY
                      DISTRIBUTION


       3              BLACKWATER BAYOU PROJECT BENEFITS PROBABILITY
                      DISTRIBUTION


       4              BLACKWATER BAYOU NET BENEFITS PROBABILITY
                      DISTRIBUTION


       5              BLACKWATER BAYOU BENEFIT TO COST RATIO
                      PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION


       6              BEAVER BAYOU


       7              BEAVER BAYOU PROJECT BENEFITS PROBABILITY
                      DISTRIBUTION


       8              BEAVER BAYOU NET BENEFITS PROBABILITY
                      DISTRIBUTION


       9              BEAVER BAYOU BENEFIT TO COST RATIO PROBABILITY
                      DISTRIBUTION


       10             JONES CREEK


       11             JONES CREEK PROJECT BENEFITS PROBABILITY
                      DISTRIBUTION


       12             JONES CREEK NET BENEFITS PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION


       13             JONES CREEK BENEFIT TO COST RATIO PROBABILITY
                      DISTRIBUTION


       14             WARD CREEK


       15             WARD CREEK PROJECT BENEFITS PROBABILITY
                      DISTRIBUTION


       16             WARD CREEK NET BENEFITS PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION




                                    xxviii









                            EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                       FEMMILITY STMY


                                         LIST OF FIGURES


                 FIGURE                       TITLE


                 17            WARD CREEK BENEFIT TO COST RATIO PROBABILITY
                               DISTRIBUTION


                 18            BAYOU FOUNTAIN


                 19            BAYOU FOUNTAIN PROJECT BENEFITS PROBABILITY
                               DISTRIBUTION


                 20            BAYOU FOUNTAIN NET BENEFITS PROBABILITY
                               DISTRIBUTION


                 21            BAYOU FOUNTAIN BENEFIT TO COST RATIO PROBABILITY
                               DISTRIBUTION


                 22            BAYOU FOUNTAIN PROJECT BENEFITS PROBABILITY
                               DISTRIBUTION


                 23            BAYOU FOUNTAIN NET BENEFITS PROBABILITY
                               DISTRIBUTION


                 24            BAYOU FOUNTAIN BENEFIT TO COST RATIO PROBABILITY
                               DISTRIBUTION


































                                               xxix












                            EAST EATON ROUGE PARISE TRIBUTARIES
                                       FEASIBILITY STUDY





                                         STUDY AUTHORITY


                     The Amite River and Tributaries Study is being conducted in
                 response to a resolution of the committee on Public Works of
                 the United States Senate. The resolution, sponsored by the late
                 Senator Allen J. Ellender and Senator Russell B. Long of
                 Louisianaj was adopted on April 14, 1967, and reads as follows:


                         "RESOLVED BY THE COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC WORKS OF THE
                     UNITED STATES SENATE, That the Board of Engineers for
                     Rivers and Harbors, created under Section 3 of the
                     River and Harbor Act approved June 13, 1902, be, and is
                     hereby requested to review the report of the chief of
                     Engineers on Amite River and Tributaries, Louisiana,
                     published as House Document Numbered 419, Eighty-fourth
                     Congress, and other pertinent reports, with a view to
                     determining whether the existing proDect should be
                     modified in any way at this time with particular
                     reference to additional improvements for flood control
                     and related purposes on Amite River, Bayou Manchac, and
                     Comite River and their tributaries."




                                     STUDY PURPOSE AND SCOPE


                     The purpose of the study is to investigate the feasibility
                 of providing flood protection for the resident@s in the Amite
                 River Basin. This study is being conducted in two phases: a
                 reconnaissance phase and a feasibility phase. The
                 reconnaissance phase was initiated in September 1983 and
                 completed in February 1985 with the signing of a feasibility
                 cost-sharing agreement (FCSA). The cost-sharing partner is the
                 Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Office
                 of Public Works (DOTD). The feasibility phase was initiated in
                 April 1985. In January 1986, notification was received from the
                 Secretary of the Army Office that cost-sharing on Corps
                 feasibility studies would be implemented on January 15, 1986.
                 Specific terms of the Amite River and Tributaries study cost-












       sharing agreement stipulates that cost would be shared 50-50,
       commencing 60 days after the decision to proceed with cost-
       sharing. Therefore, all costs incurred after March 15, 1986,
       were cost-shared on this study. In February 1990, this cost-
       sharing agreement was modified to include the investigation of
       the Darlington Dam and Reservoir. The feasibility cost-sharing
       agreement is contained in Appendix A.


           The Amite River Basin is shown on Plate 1. The basin
       encompasses about 2,200 square miles in southeastern Louisiana
       and southwestern Mississippi that is drained by the Amite River
       and tributaries. It includes portions of East Baton Rouge,
       Ascension, Livingston, East Feliciana, St. Helena, Iberville,
       St. James, and St. John the Baptist parishes in Louisiana and
       Wilkinson, Lincoln, Franklin and Amite counties in Mississippi.
       The 170-mile-long Amite River and its right bank tributary, the
       Comite River, rise in southwestern Mississippi and flow
       generally southward to their confluence east of Baton Rouge in
       the vicinity of Denham Springs. From that point, the Amite
       River continues in a southerly direction to a juncture with
       Bayou Manchac at about mile 36 and then southeasterly and
       easterly to Lake Maurepas. Bayou Manchac, a right bank
       tributary of the Amite River and a former distributary of the
       Mississippi River at Mile 215 above the Head of Passes (AHP),
       extends about 17 miles eastward between the Mississippi River
       and Amite River at Mile 36. Major urban centers in the basin
       include Baton Rouge, Baker, Zachary, Gonzales, Sorrento, and
       Denham Springs, Louisiana.


           Due to the complex nature of the flood problem, feasibility
       phase studies were divided along hydrological and political
       boundaries to advance-the study process. Studies have been
       completed for the following areas:


               Comite River Basin (complete)
               Darlington Resevoir (complete)
               Ascension Parish (study terminated;
                 local program implemented)


           Studies are being conducted for the following-_areas:


               East Baton Rouge Parish (this report)
               Livingston Parish


                                      2










                      This report is written to describe study efforts in East
                  Baton Rouge Parish. It is an interim response to the study
                  authorizing resolution. The goal of the study was to develop
                  solutions to reduce flood damages associated with headwater and
                  backwater flooding from major drainage streams in East Baton
                  Rouge Parish. These streams and their tributaries include
                  Beaver Bayou, Blackwater Bayou, Jones Creek, Claycut Bayou,
                  Ward Creek, Bayou Fountain, and Bayou Manchac. See Plate 2.

                      Seven watersheds in East Baton Rouge Parish were studied
                  (see Plate 2). It was determined that the hydrology of 4 of
                  the 7 watersheds is, for all practical purposes, independent
                  and improvements proposed for one watershed in most cases would
                  not have a major impact on the other. Consequently, the
                  analysis of alternative plans was conducted on a watershed by
                  watershed basis. Pertinent data on the 7 watersheds are shown
                  in Table 1.


                      There are several streams that drain East Baton Rouge
                  Parish but were not considered in this study because they are
                  in the rural portion where flood damages are minimal or where
                  flood protection has been recommended by the Corps of Engineers
                  as part of the Comite River Diversion Plan. They include Bayou
                  Baton Rouge, Cypress Bayou, White Bayou, Lily Bayou, Comite
                  River, and Hurricane Creek.


                      Flooding problems in the Monte Sano Bayou watershed were
                  initially evaluated in the reconnaissance phase of the study.
                  It was determined that modifications to privately owned
                  structures would significantly improve drainage in the basin.
                  Such modifications have been implemented by the owners.
                  Further study of this watershed was therefore not continued.


                      This report addresses the causes and impacts of flooding
                  along streams in East Baton Rouge Parish and evaluates measures
                  to alleviate flood damages. This report documents the results
                  of field investigations; hydrologic and hydraulic studies;
                  economic and environmental analyses; Federal, state, and local
                  coordination; and public involvement activities. Studies were
                  made in the detail necessary for the comparison-of alternative
                  plans, the identification of the NED plan, and the development
                  of recommendations for implementation of a recommended plan.
                  The study also addresses the protection of fish and wildlife


                                                 3










        habitat and the provision of regional recreational
        opportunities.



                                      TABLE 1
               WATERSHEDS OF EASTMATON ROUGE PARISE UNDER STUDY





        Watershed                       Basin Number               Total

        Acres


        1. Beaver Bayou                 14                           7,927


        2. Blackwater Bayou             13                           9,341


        3.  Jones Cregk                 22                         10,730
             Lively Bayou Tributary     23                           1,150
             Lively Bayou               24                           3,105
             Weiper Creek               28                           1,829
            Total Jones Creek                                      16,814


        4. Ward Creek
             Bayou Duplainter           25                           4  771
             Upper Druson Creek         26                           2,905
             North Branch               27                           4,344
              of Ward Creek
             Lower Dawson Creek         30                           2,207
             Lower Ward Creek           32                           7,077
             Upper Ward Creek           21                           6,474
            Total Ward Creek                                       28,278


        5. Bayou Fountain               29                         25,808


        6. Claycut Bayou                31                           9,634


        7. Bayou Manchac                60                           7,548




        Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District




                                          4













                        PRIOR STUDIES, REPORTS, AND EXISTING WATER PROJECTS


                      The pertinent studies and reports  on water resources
                  development in or near the study area by the U. S. Army Corps
                  of Engineers and other Federal, state, and local agencies are
                  described in the following paragraphs.


                      A preliminary evaluation report was prepared by the Corps
                  of Engineers in May 1972. The evaluation was conducted under
                  the authorizing resolution for this study. Four reservoir
                  plans, two plans to divert flood waters from the Amite River
                  Basin to the Mississippi River, and four channel modification
                  plans were investigated. All 10 plans were determined to be
                  economically infeasible. This study was placed on the inactive
                  status in February 1974.


                      A second reconnaissance study of the Amite River and
                  Tributaries was initiated and subsequently completed by the
                  Corps of Engineers in December 1984. In this initial
                  evaluation report, a number of alternative solutions were
                  developed to mitigate flood damages in the basin. A number of
                  economically justified and environmentally acceptable plans
                  were identified. The findings of this report provided the
                  basis for the authorization of this feasibility study.

                      Section 206 of the 1960 Flood Control Act (PL 86-646), as
                  amended by the 1960 and 1970 Flood Control acts, the Water
                  Resources Development Act of 1974 and Executive Order 11296,
                  August 10, 1966, authorizes the Corps of Engineers to establish
                  and carry out a Floodplain Management Service Program. The
                  objective of the program is comprehensive flood damage
                  prevention planning that encourages wise use-o-f the floodplain
                  at all levels of government. Under the program, the Corps
                  prepared five floodplain information reports for East Baton
                  Rouge Parish. They are:


                  NAME OF STREAM                                DATE PREPARED


                  Bayou Fountain                                June 1971
                  Ward Creek and Tributaries                    October 1972
                  Clay Cut Bayou, Jones Creek and               September 1974
                    Tributaries


                                                  5











       Hurricane Creek, Monte Sano                   November 1976
         Bayou and Tributaries
       Cypress Bayou and Tributaries                 November 1976

           The Corps of Engineers prepares flood insurance studies to
       map eligible communities by risk zones and to determine
       insurance rates. The studies are made under the provisions of
       the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 and the Flood Disaster
       Protection Act of 1973. The program is administered by the
       Federal Insurance Administration of the Federal Emergency
       Management Agency. The flood insurance studies prepared for
       East Baton Rouge Parish are:


           City of Baker; May 15, 1985
           City of Zachary; August 3, 1982
           East Baton Rouge Parish; May 17, 1993

           The Department of Transportation and Development contracted
       with Brown and Butler Inc., to investigate the feasibility of a
       reservoir near Darlington, Louisiana. The proposed reservoir
       would have a maximum water surface area of about 19,500 acres
       and a normal water surface area or recreation pool of about
       15,000 acres. the study, completed in March 1984, determined
       that the reservoir was economically feasible and recommended
       that the Amite River Basin Drainage and Conservation Commission
       investigate methods to fund the project.


           The Department of Transportation and Development contracted
       with Brown and Butler, Inc. in May 1985 to investigate the
       hydraulic and hydrologic parameters in more detail than was in
       the previous study completed in March 1984. In the study,
       topographic surveys were taken of the Amite River valley from
       Interstate Highway 12,    hydraulic model, were-developed, and
       several reservoir designs were analyzed. The study was
       completed in August 1986. It concluded that the hydrologic and
       hydraulic analyses conducted as part of this study confirms the
       related findings of the previous study completed in March.


           The Department of Transportation and Development (DOTD)
       applied to the U.S. Corps of Engineers for a Section 404 permit
       in April 1985 to construct the Darlington Reservoir. DOTD
       contracted with Espey Houston and Associates, Inc., in December
       1987 to develop the necessary engineering and environmental


                                       6











                  information for the Corps of Engineers to prepare an
                  environmental impact statement. The study was completed in
                  January 1990. In early 1990, however, the State officially
                  withdrew this permit application and requested Federal
                  participation in this project.

                      The Corps of Engineers completed a feasibility study of
                  flood control measures in the Comite River Basin in September
                  1990. Numerous structural and nonstructural measures were
                  considered to reduce flood damages along the Comite River and
                  lower tributary streams and to a lesser extent along the Amite
                  River. The recommended plan consists of a 12-mile diversion
                  channel from the Comite River to the Mississippi River. Major
                  features of the plan include a Diversion Structure, a Comite
                  River Stage Control Structure and a levee, a Channel Stage
                  Control Structure, and an 8-mile levee along the southern bank
                  of the diversion channel and recreation facilities. See Plate
                  3. Detailed design of the project is currently in progress and,
                  is expected to be completed in 1995. This project will be
                  cost-shared with the State of Louisiana.


                      The Louisiana state legislature, in their 1982 regular
                  session, created the Statewide Flood Control Program by Act
                  351. The purpose of the program is to provide assistance to the
                  parish and local governments in reducing flood problems.
                  Guidelines and procedures for participating in the program were
                  completed and distributed by the flood control project
                  evaluation committee in March 1983. Through 1988, one drainage
                  project has been funded in the Amite River Basin. East Baton
                  Rouge parish proposed to enlarge Beaver Bayou. Land
                  acquisition for the project has been completed. Construction
                  began in August 1988 and was expected to be completed in 200
                  working days. However, 1989 was a relatively-wet year that
                  slowed construction. Construction was completed in September
                  1990. The work is estimated to cost about $700,000. About 70
                  percent of the cost would be paid by the State-Wide Flood
                  Control Program. East Baton Rouge Parish provided 30 percent
                  of the cost including lands, easements, and rights-of-way.








                                                  7











           In July 199 0, Wilbur Smith Associates, Evans-Graves
       Engineers, and Chenevert-Soderberg Associates prepared a
       Comprehensive Land Use and Development Plan (known as the
       Horizon Plan) for the City of Baton Rot ,116"@and East Baton Rouge
       Parish. This study addresses current and future-drainage and
       flood prevention needs of East Baton Rouge Parish and
       recommends parish-wide and specific watershed solutions to
       flooding problems. Recommendations include the following:

           -    implement a parish-wide drainage maintenance program
           -    implement local drainage improvements and support major
                drainage projects
           -    evaluate the potential of flood detention facilities
                within the Amite River Basin
           -    develop, maintain, and enforce a Master Drainage Plan
                and Drainage Criteria
           -    develop hydrologic and hydraulic modeling capabilities
                to predict drainage impacts of new development
           -    implement a public awareness program
           -    develop a long range plan for implementation and
                funding of a program to include other local agencies,
                the State, and Federal governments
           -    utilize subdivision requirements to secure drainage
                rights-of-way
           -    implement a parish-wide program to install and maintain
                survey benchmarks on a single datum.


           The  Metropolitan Council of the Parish of East Baton Rouge
       and the  City of Baton Rouge officially approved the Horizon
       Plan, effective April 1992.   Financing and implementation of
       various components of the plan are currently being developed.


           on October 1, 1990, the Governor's Interagency Task Force
       on Flood Prevention and Mitigation completed an investigation
       to control and mitigate floods in the Amite River Basin. Flood
       control measures examined included floodplain management,
       stormwater retention, structural elevation and relocation,
       voluntary privately-owned retention ponds, zoning restrictions,
       habitat and ground cover preservation, and effective drainage
       improvements. Numerous short- and long-term recommendations
       were made including the following:




                                       8










                         implementation of floodplain regulatory standards
                         implementation of a state-wide flood disclosure law
                         a program for voluntary structure floodproofing,
                         elevation relocation, or removal
                         institution of a regional outreach awareness program
                         improve existing flood forecasting and information
                         implementation of a regional channel maintenance
                         program
                         assist the Federal Emergency Management Agency with
                         their efforts
                         assist local parishes and townships with the
                         implementation of flood control projects
                         assist with the implementation of the proposed Comite
                         Diversion Canal
                         pursue implementation of a full-size dry reservoir on
                         the upper Amite River
                         develop new, logical, cost-effective, and
                         environmentally acceptable alternatives.


                     Under a cost-sharing agreement with the State of Louisiana,
                 the Corps of Engineers completed feasibility studies for the
                 Darlington Reservoir in September 1992. Findings indicated
                 that construction of a reservoir, with,or without a permanent
                 recreation lake, was not economically feasible under Federal
                 criteria. Federal participation in construction was therefore
                 not recommended. The State is currently reviewing this report.


                     Under Section 22 of the Water Resources Development Act of
                 1974, as amended, the Corps of Engineers is currently
                 conducting an initial evaluation investigation (reconnaissance
                 study) of non-structural flood control measures for the Amite
                 River Basin. Initial findings indicate that selected non-
                 structural measures may be feasible in some lo-cations.

                     Other Section 22 studies recently completed or in progress
                     are:


                     -   Development of a 2-foot contour map database of the
                         Amite River Basin,


                     -   Development of a digitized floodplain mapping of the
                         Amite River Basin,



                                                 9











               Development of a digitized floodplain mapping of East
               Baton Rouge Parish,


               Study of erosion problems (solutions for the Baker
               Canal and Tributaries, East Baton Rouge Parish),


               Development of a drainage maintenance and construction
               program for East Baton Rouge Parish.

           The existing Federal projects in or near the study area and
       their authorized features are:


           The Amite River and Bayou Manchac navigation project,
       authorized 1927 and completed in 1928, provides for a 7- by 60-
       foot channel in the Amite River from its mouth at Lake Maurepas
       to mile 31 at Port Vincent (about 5 miles downstream of Bayou
       Manchac) and the clearing and snagging of the Amite River and
       Bayou Manchac from Port Vincent to the Kansas City Southern
       Railroad crossing at about mile 8.5 of Bayou Manchac.

           The Amite River and Tributaries flood control project,
       authorized in 1955 and completed in 1964, provides for
       enlargement of the Comite River from Cypress Bayou (mile 10) to
       the mouth, clearing and snagging the Amite River from the
       Comite River (mile 54) to Bayou Manchac (mile 35.7), and
       enlarging and realigning the Amite River from Bayou Manchac to
       mile 25.3, a riprapped control weir on the south side of the
       Amite River at mile 25.3 and a diversion channel from the weir
       to Blind River at mile 4.8, snagging and clearing Blind River
       from mile 4.8 to Lake Maurepas, and snagging and clearing Bayou
       Manchac from the Amite River to Ward Creek (mile 8.4). A small
       navigation channel was provided around the weir between the
       Amite River and the diversion channel. Snagging and clearing
       Blind River from mile 4.8 to Lake Maurepas, although
       authorized, was found to be unnecessary after initial
       investigations. The Louisiana Department of Public Works
       enlarged the Comite River to dimensions considerably in excess
       of those to be provided under the project and extended the
       enlargement about 2 miles farther upstream.


           The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is currently
       in the process of instituting a floodway zone along Bayou
       Fountain. Once established, strict development requirements


                                      10










                  will be in place. Such requirements will include prohibiting
                  soil fill and mitigation of lost floodplain volume. Such
                  restrictions will highly discourage development within the
                  floodway zone.


                     Improvements by others in or near the study area and their
                  features are:


                     The Louisiana Department of Public Works elected to
                  construct the Federal enlargement of the Comite River as
                  "equivalent work" in lieu of a cash contribution toward the
                  Federal modification of the Amite and Comite Rivers. That
                  agency elected to excavate a much larger channel than provided
                  in the Federal plan. The bottom width was increased from 60 to
                  90 feet the depth was increased about 4 feet in the lower river
                  and about 10 feet between miles 8 and 10, and the enlargement
                  was extended about 1.1 miles upstream of Cypress Bayou, the
                  head of the Federal project.


                     The Louisiana Department of Public Works in 1967, under the
                  State-Parish Drainage Plan, enlarged White Bayou for a distance
                  of about 8 miles upstream of Louisiana Highway 64. The lower
                  4.5 miles was enlarged to a 30-foot bottom width at a depth of
                  about 14 feet. A smaller channel was provided in the upstream

                  area.


                     The Louisiana Department of Public Works in about 1956,
                  under the State-Parish Drainage Plan, enlarged White Bayou from
                  Louisiana State Highway 64 about 2.4 miles southward and
                  excavated channel (Baker Canal) generally southwestward through
                  the town of Baker to Bayou Baton Rouge, a tributary of the
                  Mississippi River.


                     Bayou Fountain was enlarged from its mouth to Louisiana
                  State Highway 42 by the City of Baton Rouge, Department of
                  Public Works. This enlargement was completed in 1955 and
                  lowered stages due to headwater flooding.


                     Lively Bayou tributary was enlarged from the Illinois
                  Central Railroad to Florida Boulevard in 1966. -Prior to then
                  the Lively Bayou tributary was improved from its mouth to the
                  Illinois Central Railroad.




                                                11











           Jones Creek was improved from its mouth to its headwater a
       distance of 12.6 miles, and Lively Bayou was improved from its
       mouth to the-Illinois Central Railroad, a distance of 3.5
       miles. More than 3.2 miles of Weiner Creek was improved,
       including a diversion adjacent to the Lake Sherwood Acres
       subdivision.


           In 1982, the City of Baton Rouge and the Parish of East
       Baton Rouge, Department of Public Works proposed a three phase
       channel modification plan for Beaver Bayou. Phase I extends
       from the mouth of Beaver Bayou to Greenwell Springs Road.
       Phase II and III extend from Greenwell Springs Road to Wax Road
       and from Wax Road to Hooper Road, respectively. Phase I
       consists of channel modifications deepening, and straightening.
       Phase I was later broken into two parts, Phase IA and IB.
      ,Phase IA extends from the mouth of Beaver Bayou to Frenchtown
       Road, a distance of 2.3 miles. Phase IB extends from
       Frenchtown Road to Greenwell Springs Road.


           Phase IA originally called for deepening the channel by
       2.5 feet at the mouth of Beaver Bayou (elevation 15.5 ft NGVD)
       to 4.0 feet at Frenchtown Road (elevation 20.0 ft NGVD). The
       channel would have been enlarged to a trapezoidal channel with
       a 60 foot bottom width and 2.5 on I side slopes. The channel
       length would have been reduced 500 feet by straightening a
       portion of the stream. However, during construction of Phase
       IA, a large degree of bank sloughing and backwater siltation
       from the Comite River occurred. As a result, Phase IA was
       modified. The existing channel invert at the mouth (18.0 ft
       NGVD) was retained. The channel was then excavated to
       18.0 feet NGVD from the mouth to the point upstream where it
       intersected the original proposed channel invert. The bottom
       width and side slopes remained unchanged. This-modified Phase
       IA was completed in 1990.


           Channel improvements on the lower portion of the Ward Creek
       watershed were made by the State of Louisiana, Department of
       Public Works between September 1953 and May 1957. Improvements
       included realignments of some parts of the Ward Creek and
       excavation of the channel into a trapezoidal cross -section.
       The realignment portion of Ward Creek is approximately
       3.5 miles long. All following references to this reach of Ward
       Creek pertain to the diversion canal. In addition, North


                                      12










                  Branch Ward Creek was improved from its mouth to Florida Blvd,
                  Dawson Creek was improved from it mouth to College Drive (a
                  distance of 5.8 miles), and Bayou Duplantier was improved from
                  its mouth upstream a distance of 1.2 miles. Ward Creek was
                  concrete-lined in 1966-67 from Clay Cut Road to Government
                  Street. Later, the concrete lining was extended beginning at
                  the corporate limits near College Drive to the Choctaw Village
                  Shopping Center at its head waters. Also, from 1966 to 1967,
                  North Branch Ward Creek had some additional channel
                  modification and some channel realignment from its mouth to
                  Jefferson Highway. In the early 19601s, Bayou Duplantier was
                  deepened for Mile 1.2 to Standford Avenue.

                      Since January 1957, the State of Louisiana, Department of
                  Public Works, the City of Baton Rouge, and the East Baton Rouge
                  Parish Department of Public Works have made channel
                  modifications on Clay Cut Bayou and Jacks Bayou. On Clay Cut
                  Bayou, the modification channel extends from its mouth at the
                  Amite River to Floynell Drive at about Mile 10. The Jacks
                  Bayou channel modification extends from its mouth to Sherwood
                  Forest Blvd, a distance of about 2 miles.


                      The drainage work that East Baton Rouge Parish Public Work
                  department has completed since 1980 is shown in Appendix B.






                                         PLAN FORMULATION




                  ASSESSMENT OF WATER AND RELATED LAND RESOURCES PROBLEMS AND
                  OPPORTUNITIES


                      The planning process for the East Baton Rouge Parish Flood
                  study was conducted in an organized and systematic manner to
                  ensure that all reasonable alternative plans were considered.
                  The process was conducted in accordance with U. S. Water
                  Resources Council "Economic and Environmental Principles and
                  Guidelines for Water and Related Land Resources.  Implementation
                  Studies" Plan Formulation for this study was an iterating and
                  dynamic process. Plan formulation is directed at achieving the
                  National Economic Development (NED) objective consistent with


                                                 13










       protecting the nation's environment in accord with national
       environmental statutes, applicable executive orders, and other
       Federal planning requirements, as well as being responsive to
       state and local concerns. The NED objective was achieved by
       increasing the value of the national output of goods and
       services and reasonably maximizing net economic benefits.
       Benefits were maximized while giving due consideration to
       environmental quality, regional development, and social

       concerns.


           During the process, historical trends and existing
       conditions were used as a base for forecasting future
       conditions. In an assessment of the nature and extent of
       changing conditions, problems and needs were identified and
       specific planning objectives defined. Opportunities in the
       form of management measures that address the objectives were
       evaluated. The most feasible measures were incorporated into
       an array of plans. The plans were then assessed and evaluated
       in terms of their engineering feasibility and performance and
       their adverse and beneficial effects on the NED objective. The
       effects on environmental quality were also evaluated. Finally,
       the plans were compared and a trade-off analysis performed to
       select the plan that best addresses the NED objective and to
       provide the rationale for the tentatively selected plan.


       EXISTING CONTITIONS


       Physiography and Geology


           The parish is in the Southern Pine Hills of the Eastern
       Gulf Coastal Plain. Topography in the northern portion of the
       parish is dominated by-,plateaus and ridgetops underlain by the
       Citronelle Formation. The southern portion is dominated by
       gently sloping Pleistocene terrace surfaces.

           The maximum elevation within the parish is approximately
       500 feet MSL. Elevations are between 35 feet and 40 feet MSL
       near the junction of the Comite River and Amite River near
       Denham Springs. Minimum elevations are between 5 and 10 feet
       MSL in the lower part of the basin near Lake Maurepas.


           Although older sediments are found at depth in the parish
       only the Plio-Pleistocene, and Holocene sediments exposed at


                                       14












                  the surface and found near the surface are discussed. Four
                  distinct geologic units are found within the parish: the
                  Citronelle Formation, the Pleistocene terraces, the loess
                  deposits and Holocene alluvium. The Citronelle Formation which
                  varies in age from late Pliocene to Pleistocene, generally
                  consists of a gradational sequence of fluvial gravels, cross
                  bedded sands, silts and clays with the coarser grained material
                  occurring at the base of this sequence. South of the outcrop
                  of the Citronelle Formation are found the relatively flat
                  Pleistocene terraces of less variable lithology than that of
                  the Citronelle Formation. Generally, these terraces are
                  comprised of sediments consisting of silt and sandy clay which
                  grade downward into fine to coarse grained sand with some
                  gravel. a thin veneer of loess deposits blankets much of the
                  Comite River Basin. These loess deposits consist of silt with
                  some clay and very fine sand which are irregular in occurrence
                  and seldom exceed three feet in thickness. Holocene alluvium
                  found along the Comite River and its tributaries consists of a
                  sequence of fine sands and silts grading downward into coarse
                  sands and gravels. The parish is located in a stable area of
                  low seismicity. Earthquake activity is relatively rare and is
                  usually less severe than average. Resulting damage to
                  structures and levees (dikes) in the parish would be expected
                  to be minor.


                  Economy


                     The economy of the parish is founded on a base of natural
                  resources and government services. One of the largest oil
                  refineries in the United States is located in Baton Rouge,
                  Louisiana. The Port of Baton Rouge is the fifth largest in the
                  United States and oil products and grains are the major
                  products moved through the port. The city of -Baton Rouge is
                  the seat of the state capital and a large portion of the jobs
                  are related to state government. Timber production in East
                  Baton Rouge in 1992 accounted for less than one percent of the
                  total stumpage value severed in Louisiana. The 1982 Census of
                  Manufactures reported that eight percent of the state's
                  manufacturing jobs in East Baton Rouge Parish. The capital
                  city of Baton Rouge is the center of economic activity. of the
                  198,000 people employed in the parish, nine percent were
                  employed in public adminis@tration. Thirty-seven percent were
                  employed in the service sector with another seventeen percent











        employed in the retail trade. Manufacturing and construction
        accounted for eight and eleven percent, respectively. The
        remaining eighteen percent were spread throughout other sectors
        of the economy including agriculture! mining, wholesale trade,
        finances, and transportation.


        Human Resources


            The Parish population in 1991 was 383,983 an increase about
        1.4 percent annually since 1970. Table 2 delineates the
        historic and existing population of the Parish and the Amite
        River Basin. The 1991 population of the city of Baton Rouge
        was 221,000 and represents over fifty-seven percent of the
        population in the Parish. Of the 380,000 inhabitants residing
        in the Parish in 1990, some were identified as being below
        established national poverty level. This represents twenty
        percent of the populace. In June 1993 the total workforce was
        208,000 with 13,000 unemployed, unemployment rate of 6.4
        percent.




                                       TABLE 2


                  HISTORICAL POPULATION TRENDS IN EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH




                               1940 1950  1960  1970 1980  1990  1991
                   East
                   Baton Rouge 88,415 158,236 230,058 285,167 366,191 380,105 383,983



                   SOURCES:   U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District Louisiana Tech University, College of
                              Administration and Business, Research Division (1991 estimate)




             In 1990, in East Baton Rouge Parish, there were some
        161,700 identifiable households. The median income was
        $27,200.


             The 1990 census reported that there were 157,.-   000 year-
        round housing units in the Parish with 83,000 of the housing
        units owner occupied. The medial value of the owner occupied
        unit was $69,000.


                                         16












                 Transportation


                      The parish is served by a fairly extensive transportation
                 system. Deep-draft navigation access is provided to the Port
                 of Baton Rouge by the Mississippi River. Shallow draft access
                 is limited to the lower reach of the Amite River and Bayou
                 Manchac. The shallow draft waterway is primarily used to
                 transport dredged shell. An extensive network of highways
                 serve the area. Interstate 12 and U.S. Highway 190 traverse
                 the area east and west. Interstate 10 and U.S. Highway 61 run
                 northeast and southeast. Several state and parish roads serve
                 as transportation arteries between cities. They include 42,
                 30, 427, 37, 468, 64, 409, and 964. North-south rail
                 transportation is provided primarily by the Louisiana-Arkansas
                 Railway and the Illinois Gulf Central Railroad. The Illinois
                 Gulf Central Railroad provides east-west transportation.
                 Within the city of Baton Rouge and south along the Mississippi
                 River, numerous local railway spurs serve the industries and
                 manufacturers. Air transportation is provided at Ryan
                 International Airport in Baton Rouge.


                 Climate


                      The climate of the area is humid subtropical, but is
                 subject to significant polar influences during winter, as cold
                 air masses periodically move southward over the area displacing
                 warm moist air. Prevailing southerly winds create a strong
                 maritime character. This movement from the Gulf of Mexico
                 helps to decrease the range between hot and cold temperatures
                 and provides a source of abundant moisture and rainfall.


                 Temperature


                      Records of temperatures are available from "Climatological
                 Data" for Louisiana, published by the National Climatic Center.
                 The study area can be described by using the normal temperature
                 data observed at Baton Rouge. This station is shown in Table 3
                 with the monthly and annual minimum, maximum, and mean normals
                 which are based on the period 1951-1980. The annual mean
                 normal temperature is 67.50F, with monthly mean_temperature
                 normal varying from 82.10F in July to 50.80F in January.




                                                17












                       A maximum extreme temperature of 110 F was recorded at
              Baton Rouge during August 1909 and a minimum extreme of 8 F was
              recorded during December 1989.




                                                                   TABLE 3


                                           MAXIMUM, MINIMUM, AND MEAN MONTHLY TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                         30 Year NORMALS (1951-1980)



                            Jan    FEB      MAR     APR    MAY     JUN     JUL    AUG     SEPT    OCT    Now     DEC    am



              MAXIMUM        61.1   64.5    71.6   79.2   85.2   90.6    91.4   90.8   87.4   80.1   70.1    63.8   78.00

              MINIMUM       40.5   42.7    49.4   51.5   64.3   70.0    72.8   72.0   68.3   56.3   47.2    42.3   57.00


              mug           50.8   53.6    60.5   68.4   74.8   80.3    82.2   81.4   77.9   68.2   58.7    53.1   67.50



              SO==: National clIMATIC CENTER




              Precipitation


                       Records of precipitation are also available in
              publications by the National Climatic Center. Eight stations
              were used to show the rainfall data for the study area (these
              stations are shown on Plate C-3 in Appendix C). Table 4 gives
              a list of stations with their period of record, and available
              extremes. Baton Rouge Airport is the only station with
              precipitation normals. The annual normal rainfall for Baton
              Rouge is 55.8 inches based over the period 1951-1980. Table 5
              lists the monthly and annual normals. The wettest month is
              July with an average monthly normal of 7.07 inches. October is
              the driest month averaging 2.63 inches. The average annual
              rainfall since 1980 is 64.85. This average accounts for all
              eight stations. This ten year average is shown in Table 6 with
              the monthly and annual averages of each station.-













                                                                      18
 













                                                                                               TABLE 4
                                                                                     PRECIPITILTICK S7A!TICNS



                                                    blap No.    Period Of                                          nimum                 Greatest
                                   Station          Plate       Record                   Monthly Date             Month I y  Date        1-Day       Date
                                                    C-3         (to 1989)                (in.)                    (in.)                  (in.)


                                   Baker            1           1960-Date                16.08       4/80         1.20       11/81       6.2         12/4/82


                                   Baton   Rouge    2           2869-Date                15.94a      12/82        T          10/78       11.9        4/14/67
                                   Airport

                                   Baton Rouge      3           1980-Date                19.29       8/83         1.00       11/85       13.5        8/2/83
                                   central


                                   Baton Rouge      4           1979-Date                21.67       8/83         0.44       11/85       14.43       8/2/83
                                   Sherwood


                                   Denham           5           1978-Date                19.24       8/83         T          10/78       13.8        8/2/83
                                   springs


                                   Greenvell        6           1967-Date                17.05       4/80         0.11       6/79        11.42       8/2/83
                                   Springs

                                   LSU Ban          7           1963-Date                16.22       2/66         0.0        10/78       8.13        10/4/64
                                   Bur


                                   Zachary          8           1975-Date                18.25       10/84        T          10/78       6.58        4/6/83


                                   a From     1951
                                   b And otlier     dates
                                   T Trace


                                   Source: National Cli-atic Center













































                                                                                                   19










                                                                                                             Table 5
                                                                                                      BATON ROUGE AIRPORT
                                                                                        MONTHLY AND ANNUAL PRECIPITATION (inches)
                                                                                                           (1951-1980)



                          JAN             FEB         MAR         APR         24AY        JUN         JUL         AUG         SEP         OCT         NOV         DEC         ANN


                          4.58            4.96        4.59        5.59        4.82        3.11        7.07        5.05        4.42        2.63        3.95        4.99        55.77


                          SOURCE: National Climatic Center







                                                                                                              Table 6
                                                                                                Average Precipitation (inches)
                                                                                                            (1980-1991)



                          STATION         JAN         FEB         MAR         APR         MAY         JUN         JUL         AUG         SEP         OCT         Nov         DEC         ANN


                          Baker           5.65        6.29        4.85        5.12        5.70        6.63        4.23        5.13        5.14        5.17        4.43        6.28        64.02


                          Baton Rouge
                          Aix-port        5.04        6.30        4.58        5.16        5.90        6.88        5.78        6.75        4.61        4.52        4.27        5.99        65.78

                          Baton Rouge
                          Central         5.51        6.31        5.29        5.83        6.06        5.99        5.15        7.30        4.05        4.46        4.98        6.01        66.89


                          Baton Rouge
                          Sherwood        5.04        6.33        5.49        4.99        5.77        6.43        4.80        7.90        4.37        4.70        4.19        5.24        65.25


                          Denham
                          springs         4.85        6.19        5.63        5.14        5.68        6.64        5.73        7.49        3.51        4.69        3.88        5.04        64.90

                          Greenwell
                          Springs         5.46        6.55        5.67        5.78        6.08        7.00        4.61        6.75        4.41        4.85        4.70        5.90        67.84

                          LBO
                          son Hur         4.89        6.25        4.79    1   4.44        4.57        7.65        4.64        5.84        4.26        3.99        4.21        5.34        61.68

                          2achary         5.02        6.43        5.08        5.32        6.28        6.59        4.62        5.99        4.34        5.34        3.95        6.10        66.93



                          AVERAGE         5.18        6.33        5.17        5.22        5.76        6.73        4.95        6.64        4.34        4.72        4.34        5.74        65.51


                          SOURCE: National Climatic Center













                 Wind


                    The average velocity of winds in the study area is 7.3 mph.
                 This is based on 19 years of record (1973-1991) taken at Baton
                 Rouge at Ryan Airport. Prevailing wind flow is from a
                 southerly direction during much of the year. The maximum wind
                 speed observed at this station since 1963 was 58 mph during
                 September 1965 and was caused by Hurricane Betsy. Tables 7 and
                 8, respectively, give the monthly and annual wind speeds for
                 Baton Rouge along with the resultant directions.








































                                               21









                                                          TABLE 7
                                         AVERAGE MONTHLY AND ANNUAL WIND SPEEDS
                                                      1973-1989 (MPH)
                                               BATON ROUGE AT RYAN AIRPORT



                        JAN    FEB   MAR    APR   MAY    JUN    JUL   AUG    SEP    OCT   NOV    DEC    ANN


              1973      9.3    9.0   10.2   9.9   9.6    6.1    6.7   5.9    7.5    5.9   8.5    9.8    8.2
              1974      8.6   10.0   9.0    10.1  8.8    8.3    6.4   6.3    9.1    7.4   8.8    8.3    8.4
              1975      8.4    9.7   11.7   10.2  7.6    6.9    5.3   5.0    6.1    6.5   7.8    7.6    7.-7
              1976      9.3    9.0   9.7    7.4   7.7    6.2    5.5   5.8    5.7    7.5   7.6    8.2    7.5
              1977      9.2    9.3   9.6    7.9   7.2    6.5    4.6   5.8    6.3    6.8   7.9    9.2    7.5
              1978      9.9    9.4   8.5    8.4   7.7    6.0    6.1   5.5    5.8    5.0   4.,8   7.3    7.0
              1979      8.4    8.0   8.8    7.8   6.7    5.9    6.6   3.9    6.4    5.9   6.5    6.0    6.7
              1980      7.7    8.4   9.6    7.6   6.1    6.2    4.3   4.4    5.0    5.5   5.3    5.4    6.3
              1981      5.6    7.1   7.7    5.8   6.5    5.8    4.7   3.9    5.5    6.9   6.8    7.9    6.2
              1982      10.0   8.9   9.1    9.3   6.7    6.8    5.4   5.2    6.4    6.7   7.5    9.2    7.6
              1983      7.5    9.2   8.5    9.8   8.2    6.3    5.2   5.3    5.5    5.5   7.6    9.1    7.3
              1984      7.4    8.1   8.1    9.4   7.9    6.0    5.3   5.3    7.5    6.5   7.9    8.0    7.3
              1985      7.9    8.9   8.7    7.8   6.8    6.5    5.8   6.2    7.0    8.1   7.4    7.1    7.4
              1986      7.4    8.7   6.9    7.4   6.9    5.1    5.5   5.3    5.8    5.6   8.1    5.9    6.6
              1986      7.6    8.5   7.8    7.3   5,9    6.1    5.4   4.8    5.6    6.9   8.9    8.6    7.0
              1988      8.9    8.3   9.1    8.3   7.8    7.0    6.1   5.9    7.1    6.6   8.5    7.3    7.6
              1989      8.1    9.7   9.9,   8.4   8.2    8.0    7.0   5.7    7.6    7.4   8.1    9.6    N/A
              AVG       8.3    8.8   9.0    8.4   7.5    6.4    5.6   5.3    6.4    6.5   7.5    7.9    7.2

              Source:   U.S. Army   Corps  of Engineers, New Orleans  District
















                                                           TABLE 8
                                                    RESULTANT DIRECTION
                                                         1973-1989
                                                EATON ROUGE AT RYAN AIRPORT


                        JAN    FEB   MAR    APR   MAY    JUN   JUL    AUG    SEP   OCT   NOV    DEC    ANN


              1973      05     01    16     17    19     15     26    07     11    08     15    21     13
              1974      11     21    17     14    15     15     25    12     07    09     11    18     13
              1975      13     16    14     12    13     15     26    12     03    05     10    05     11
              1976      06     20    15     15    23     09     27    01     04    01     01    03     05
              1977      01     20    14     15    12     22     23    12     14    05     11    15     13
              1978      01     36    30     15    13     09     22    08     07    03     07    11     06
              1979      01     06    16     12    14     12     14    18     03    13     02    04     08
              1980      05     03    11     04    14     21     24    11     09    02     02    03     07
              1981      01     36    03     15    13     17     23    10     05    07     08    05     09
              1982      12     02    14     11    14     22     22    20     06    06     09    09     10
              1983      02     03    27     17    15     07     07    05     05    05     11    34     05
              1984      36     16    16     17    12     15     18    12     03    11     04    10     10
              1985      32     03    14     11    22     21     25    08     07    07     11    02     07
              1986      01     21    17     16    14     15     22    09     13    11     08    05     14
              1987      29     08    03     28    12     11     13    26     01    04     06    11     06
              1988      04     01    13     25    17     07     20    05     06    03     15    06     06
              1989      08     36    18     13    15     14     22    02     02    05     07    34     N/A


              *Wind Direction - Numerals    indicate tens of degrees clockwise from true north. 00
              indicates calm, 09 east, 18 south, 27 west, 36 north. Resultant direction is the vector
              sum of wind directions divided by number of observations.


              SOURCE: National Climatic Center


              Existing Land Use












             Existing Land Use


                     Historical land use for East Baton Rouge Parish in 1954,
             1972, 1978, and 1985, are shown in Table 9. A geographic
             information system (GIS) was used to map historical land use
             changes. The methodology used is described in detail in
             Appendix J. Land use in East baton Rouge Parish is largely
             Urban and built up land, agricultural, and forest lands. In
             1985, these land uses made up 95 percent of the land use.
             Urban and built-up land make up 35 percent of the total land
             use. Forest and agricultural lands have declined since 1954
             from about 94 percent of the total land use to about 60 percent
             in 1985. This decline is primarily due to the conversion of
             forest and/or agricultural lands to urban lands. Some forest
             lands have been converted to agricultural lands. Urban and
             built-up land have increased from less than 1 percent in 1954
             to 35 percent in 1985. The Baton Rouge metropolitan area make
             up most of the urban land and built-up land.





                                                             TABLE9
                                                  EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH
                                                HISTORICAL LAND USE (ACRES)



                          URBAN OR
             YEAR         BUILT-UP            AGRICULTURAL
                          LAND         LAND              FOREST LAND        WATER WETLANDS                 BARREN




             1954         16,183      NA                 114,092              NA       NA                  139,445-


             1972         53,195     126,317             82,702             1,100-    5,360                 1,046


             1978         79,298      92,514             83,343              809      7,013                 6,743


             1985         92,784      86,580             76,870             1,079     6,473                 5,934



               Includes all categories where data was not available.


             SOURCE: U.S. Army Corps ot Engineers, New Orleans District




                                                                24











                      Waters, wetlands and barren land have been relatively
                 constant making up about 5 percent of the land use. Parish
                 land use maps are shown in Appendix J. The photo
                 interpretation upon which land use in the Parish are based
                 identifies Cypress tupelo swamps, shrubs, swamps, and other
                 similar types as wetlands. Historical urban development trends
                 within and outside the 100-year floodplain in East Baton Rouge
                 Parish are shown in Tables 10 and 11. Existing urban land use
                 in each watershed under study is listed in Table 12. The
                 greatest increase in urban development within the 100-year
                 floodplain occurred between 1972 and 1978. Growth declined
                 during the 1978-1985 period. This decline in growth can
                 probably be attributable to the general decrease in overall
                 economic growth. Since 1985, economic growth has resumed in
                 the metropolitan area and urbanization is again increasing. In
                 addition, recent floods in the parish have placed more emphasis
                 on the judicious use of the floodplain. The parish in
                 April 1990 passed new ordnances to curtail development in the
                 floodplain. The Ordnances are contained in Appendix K.






























                                                25













                                                     TABLE 10
                                   HISTORICAL URBAN DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
                                  WITHIN AND OUTSIDE 100-YEAR FLOODPLAIN
                                                     (ACRES)


           (1972)
           PARISH                               WITHIN 100-YEAR               OUTSIDE 100-YEAR
                                                FLOODPLAIN                    FLOODPLAIN



           East Baton Rouge                     8,307                         44,888
           % Percent                              16                            84


           (1978)
           PARISH                               WITHIN 100-YEAR               OUTSIDE 100-YEAR
                                                FLOODPLAIN                    FLOODPLAIN


           East Baton Rouge                     18,239                        61,059
           % Percent                               23                           77


           (1985)
           PARISH                               WITHIN 100-YEAR               OUTSIDE 100-YEAR
                                                FLOODPLAIN                    FLOODPLAIN


           East Baton Rouge                     22,268                        70,516
           % Percent                               24                           76



           SOURCE: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District










                                                        26

















                                               TABLE 11

                                     INCREASE IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT WITHIN AND OUTSIDE
                                      THE 100-YEAR FLOODPLAIN FOR SELECTED PARISHES




                            19?2-1973         197&1985          1972-1965


                         WITHIN OUTSIDE    WITHIN   OUTSIDE  WITHIN OUTSIDE
                         1WYEAR IWYEAR     IMYEAR   100-YEAR IWYEAR 10YEAR
                 PARISH  FLOODPLAIN FLOODPLAIN FLOODPLAIN FLOODPLAIN FLOODPLAIN FLOODPLAIN


                 EAST
                 BATON
                 ROME     22    Im          122      1.16     z     1.57



                 Source: U.S. Army Corps d Enghmrs, Nn Orlearts Diw@



                 Biological Resources


                      The habitats of any of the basins of the area that would
                 be impacted by any flood control measure are open lands and
                 bottomland hardwood forests. The open lands along the channels
                 are not considered to be as significant as are wooded lands in
                 the area. Wooded lands along the channels provide habitat for
                 several species of songbirds, as well as owls, squirrels,
                 rabbits, mink, and others. These wooded lands provide values
                 other than biological for which residents of the urban area
                 indicate a need. Indicators of this include the development of
                 wooded parks in the area, preservation of trees both on
                 residential and commercial areas, preservation of areas of
                 trees and shrubs as property boundaries, etc. The channels
                 themselves also provide habitat in some areas for kingfishers
                 and wading birds. Urban runoff constitutes a very poor source
                 of waters for fish. The channels of the area almost
                 exclusively provide very poor habitat for fish, except for
                 those species that can survive in waters of very low dissolved
                 oxygen. The upper reaches of Blackwater Bayou, and to a lesser
                 extent Beaver Bayou, arise from agricultural and forested areas
                 instead of urban areas and do provide a limited amount of
                 better habitat in some of that area. However, with the receipt
                 of runoff from the lower parts of those streams, aquatic
                 habitat quality becomes very poor again. The inflated
                 heelsplitter is a threatened species that occurs in the Amite
                 River. The endangered bald eagle has nested in an area, not
                 within but adjacent to, the Bayou Fountain area.


                                                27














                                      TABLE 12


                       EXISTING URBAN LAND USE BY WATERSHED




                                    Urban                 Urbanization
                                    Land Use              As Percent
                                    1985                  of Total
        WATERSHED                   (in acres)            Land Use


        Blackwater Bayou             2882                 31%
        Beaver Bayou                 2798                 35%
        Ward Creek                  20208                 71%
        Jones Creek                 12963                 77%
        Bayou Fountain               6420                 25%
        Claycut Bayou                4932                 51%
        Bayou Manchac                2625                 35%


        Source: U.S.    Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District



        Cultural Resources


              There are 51 properties currently listed on the National
        Register of Historic Places in East Baton Rouge Parish.
        Numerous archeological sites and historic structures also have
        been recorded throughout East Baton Rouge Parish (see Cultural
        Resources Correspondence Appendix G).


              The culture history of the study area has been influenced
        by its geographic features, principally Pleistocene terraces,
        and proximity to the Mississippi River. Evidence of past human
        occupation and utilization of the study area is expected from
        Paleo-Indian times to the present. Adaptive strategies
        employed by the prehistoric inhabitants who occupied the area
        have resulted in a variety of site types which are identified
        within the study area; examples of these sites include
        campsites, extraction sites or procurement stations, ceremonial
        or village sites, and agricultural sites. Historic settlement
        initially occurred slowly in the study area. This trend
        continued into the American Period when the area became
        increasingly more settled and individual farmsteads were

                                          28










                  replaced by small communities. Economic and industrial
                  developments which occurred in the study area have resulted in
                  an increased range of historic site types located within the
                  study area.



                  Recreation Resources


                       East Baton Rouge Parish has an aggressive recreation
                  program providing recreational sites and programs for urban and
                  rural areas alike. Existing recreational areas in East Baton
                  Rouge Parish include numerous local parks, neighborhood
                  playgrounds, country clubs, a zoo, state commemorative areas,
                  etc. The Recreation and Parks Commission for the Parish of
                  East Baton Rouge (BREC) in their most recent reporting year
                  (1992), r(@ports 136 BREC facilities on a total of 3,840 acres.
                  Attendance at these sites is estimated at 8,309,801 annually.
                  Many programs were expanded and new programs were added by
                  BREC. Improvements include an Art Gallery at City Park, 15 new
                  centers, 26 new day camps, the Velodrome bike facility, a horse
                  activity center, the fairgrounds, Highland Road tennis center,
                  and many others. Golf courses within the BREC System
                  registered 200,000 rounds of golf played in 1992. The Greater
                  Baton Rouge zoo experienced a total of 345,193 visitors as it
                  observed its 20th anniversary. All of the 132 tennis courts
                  were highly utilized with annual tournaments being held at most
                  of the tennis centers. Other popular activities offered at
                  BREC facilities include women's co-ed sports, basketball,
                  baseball, football, and fun runs. BREC parks are generally
                  located in neighborhoods within walking or biking distance from
                  most of the potential users. These parks are equidistant from
                  each other providing the opportunity for high neighborhood
                  utilization. Few formal bicycle riding trails-exist within the
                  parish. Approximately 4.5 miles of Class I bikeways and
                  5.2 miles, Class II, bikeways are present in East Baton Rouge
                  Parish. Class I bikeways are bikeways which have a separate
                  path for the exclusive use of bicycles. Class II bikeways
                  generally consist of a shoulder of a roadway designated for the
                  preferential or exclusive use of bicycles.






                                                 29













        Aesthetics


            Within East Baton Rouge Parish, vegetation existing along
        the various drainage corridors provides a variety of aesthetic
        and ecological benefits. Erosion control, wildlife benefits,
        improvement of air quality, and providing a scenic buffer zone
        are positive attributes attributable to these vegetative linear
        green spaces. Vegetation existing along the stream banks also
        contributes to erosion control. The natural vegetative growth
        of horizontal root systems limits bank erosion and contributes
        to stable banks. The existing stream bank vegetation provides
        wildlife and bird habitats. In a world of concrete, gas fumes,
        industrial corridors, and shopping centers, the concept of
        encountering groups of wildlife and flocks of birds is quite
        unique for a city. These green stream bank corridors provide
        an opportunity to harbor wildlife and provide tree nesting
        areas for native fauna. These stream corridors increase the
        abundance and diversity of wildlife in the city contributing to
        an overall aesthetic neighborhood experience.


            Another advantage of greenway corridors in the city is the
        reduction in pollution, creation of shade, and stimulating air
        movements. In summer vegetative stream bank areas can be as
        much as ten degrees cooler under tree cover. Air currents
        moving through the city over these forested areas would result
        in cooler air and lower humidity. By preserving these natural
        areas where trees and native shrubs are allowed to flourish,
        adjacent aesthetic conditions are maintained. These greenways
        along stream banks provide a buffer zone decreasing the
        nuisance of lights, noise, visual iinsightliness, etc., from the
        view of adjacent residents. Throughout the city, the greenway
        screens non-compatible use from aesthetic degradation by
        providing a spacial separation between different-use areas
        within the city and strengthens neighborhood identities.


        Surface Water


             The major rivers in the study area are the Amite River and
        the Comite River. The Amite River is used for recreation,
        propagation of fish and wildlife, and to a lesser-extent, for
        water supply, navigation, and waste disposal. The Amite River
        has a drainage area of about 2,200 square miles and an average
        flow of about 2,000 cubic feet per second (cfs) at Denham


                                      30











                  Springs. The Comite River has a drainage area of 334 square
                  miles and an average flow of 457 cfs near Comite, Louisiana.


                  Groundwater


                      Fresh groundwater in the study area is obtained from the
                  Pliocene, Miocene, and Quaternary Age deposits as well as
                  undifferentiated aquifers that occur in alluvial coastal and
                  upland deposits. Deposits of Pliocene age consist of medium to
                  very fine grained sand beds alternating with silt and clay
                  beds. These sediments thicken and dip steeply toward the Gulf
                  of Mexico, reaching a thickness of about 2,200 feet near the
                  southern limit of freshwater availability. Miocene age
                  deposits consist mostly of lenticular deposits of fine- to
                  medium-grained sand and beds of silt and clay. In some areas,
                  very coarse sand and gravel are present. Individual sands may
                  be as thick as 150 feet. These deposits are wedge-shaped and
                  thicken greatly as they extend toward the Gulf of Mexico.


                      Quaternary deposits cover Miocene and Pliocene aquifers in
                  nearly all of the study area. The Quaternary deposits range in
                  thickness from less than 50 feet in the north to more than
                  3,500 feet near the coast. The maximum depth at which these
                  deposits contain freshwater is about 1,000 feet.


                  Water Supply


                      Historical and existing water use in East Baton Rouge
                  Parish and the entire Amite River Basin are shown in Table 13.
                  Public water is entirely supplied by groundwater sources.
                  Industrial water use is significantly higher than public use.
                  In 1960, industrial water was mainly supplied from surface
                  sources, i.e., the Mississippi River. Until very recently,
                  there has been an increased use of groundwater usage by
                  industry in the parish. This contributed to significant
                  drawdowns in some of the parish's main supply aquifers.
                  Through several groundwater management programs, this trend has
                  been reversed with several large users converting to surface
                  supply. The above mentioned aquifer drawdowns have also
                  recovered and are closely monitored.






                                                31
















                                                                                                                                                      TABLE 13


                                                                                                                HISTORICAL AND EXISTING WATER USE IN EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH
                                                                                                                                              (ffdllon gdons per day)




                                   PUBLIC SUPPLY               INDUSTRIAL                 POWER                       RURAL             LIVESTOCK                   RICE                       OTHER IRRIG.                AQUACULTURE                 TOTAL
                                                                                          GENERATION                  DOM.


                         YEAR      GROUND SURFACE              GROUND SURFACE             GROUND SURFACE              GROUND            GROUND SURFACE              GROUND SURFACE             GROUND SURFACE              GROUND SURFACE              GROUND SURFACE               TOTAL




                         1960      19.20        0.00           67.73        366.62        7.52           7.56         1.45              0.02           OAS          0.00           0.00        0.00           0.00         0.00           0.00         95.92           374.66      470.68
                         1965      26.93        0.00           59.99        339.96        7.32           5.76         0.94              0.13           029          0.00           0.00        0.00           0.00         0.00           0.00         95.31           346.01      441.32
                         1970      32AO         0.00           99.59        361M          7.48           7.63         0.36              0.20           OM           0.00           0.00        035            0.05         0.00           0.00         140.45          369.52      51OA4
                         1975      39.90        0.00           84.70        114.00        7.14           5.29         0.31              0.14           0.14         0.00           0.00        0.19           0.11         0.00           0.00         132.38          119.54      25142
                         1980      53.90        0.00           86.50        69.00         7.07           4.03         1.73              0.14           0.02         0.00           0.00        0.14           0.00         0.06           0.00         149.54          73.05       222.59





                         Source-. Loulsiana Department of Transportation and Development













                  Water Ouality


                       Water quality data on the stream segments in East Baton
                  Rouge Parish under investigation for this study were either
                  out-dated or non-existent. Therefore, water and sediment
                  samples were collected by the New Orleans District U.S. Army
                  Corps of Engineers on October 26, 1989. Thus, these samples
                  are indicative of moderate air temperatures, dry weather, and
                  low-flow conditions. See Appendix C for further details.
                  Data for the Coifiite and Amite Rivers were compiled from the
                  Environmental Protection Agency's computerized Storage and
                  Retrieval Database (STORET) files.


                  Comite River


                       The Comite River, from Louisiana Highway 10 to White
                  Bayou, has been designated a Louisiana Natural and Scenic
                  stream by the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality
                  (LDEQ). The Comite River is categorized as an effluent limited
                  stream; which is, by definition, any stream segment in which
                  the best practicable treatment levels for point source
                  discharges are required to maintain the stream's standards.


                       Of the parameters analyzed for the Comite River only pH
                  values violated the state standards. The state standards
                  indicate that pH should generallyfall within the range of 6.0
                  to 8.5. Low pH values were observed in the Comite River near
                  Olive Branch, Louisiana, and Comite, Louisiana. Near Olive
                  Branch, Louisiana, only one pH value (6% of the total pH
                  values) was below the minimum 6.0 (standard units) SU state
                  standard. Two pH values or about 5% of the total pH
                  observations near Comite, Louisiana, were below the state
                  standard.


                       Though no DO concentrations are available at these three
                  sampling locations on the Comite River, the Louisiana
                  Department of Wildlife and Fisheries (LDWF) collected water
                  quality samples on the lower Comite River in October 1973 and
                  again in may 1980. The LDWF collected a total of six samples
                  and reported that the DO levels were consistently between 7 and
                  9 mg/l. These values are well above the minimum 5.0 mg/l state
                  standard. It should be noted that the above samples were
                  collected at times of low flow conditions. Generally, lower DO


                                                 33











          values along a       stream segment are found during low flow and
          warm weather conditions. Samples taken on Comite River
          tributaries on the same dates yield mean DO levels between 1.7
          and 9.3 mg/1 with 0.0 mg/1 reported for one measurement on
          North Branch of Hurricane Creek. The EPA standa:rd of 100 mg/1
          was violated for both of the two observation of total
          phosphorus along the Comite River.


                 Though no fecal coliform data was collected at the three
          stations on the Comite River, the LDWF collected water quality
          samples on the lower Comite River in October 1973 and May 1980.
          The LDWF collected a total of 6 samples and reported averages
          of 330 fecal coliform colonies/100 ml. This is in excess of
          the maximum 200/100 ml state standard. These violations are
          the result of the numerous package treatment plants that treat
          municipal waste from subdivisions along the Comite River and
          tributary streams. Samples taken on the same dates on Comite
          River tributaries yielded average fecal coliform counts of
          7,000; 6,000; 22,000; 170,000; 500; and 8,000 colonies/100 ml.


                 The water conditions described in the above paragraphs are
          based on low flow conditions. The characterization is based
          upon limited data. At low flow conditions, water quality is
          likely low in dissolved oxygen (DO) and high on coliform.
          bacteria. Recent water quality data collected for input into a
          water quality model is summarized below:



         Date       Stream         Dissolved        Coliform           Total       PH
                                    Oxygen       (Colonies/100ml) Phosphorus
                                     (Mg/1)                            (mg/1)

         9/10/90  Comite River        6.1               680            0.02        6.6
         9/10/90  White Bayou         2.5               320            0.1         6.7
         10/9/90  Comite River        6.2               106            0.16        6.1
         10/9/90  White Bayou         3.7                 96           0.12        6.5
          4/1/91  Comite River        9.4                 54           0.11        5.9
          4/1/91  White Bayou         '7.2              118            0.26        6.1
          5/8/91  Comite River        5.2               2960           0.45        5.5
          5/8/91  White Bayou         4.2               3160           0.34        5.5










                                                       34











                       In general, the water quality of the Comite River and
                  Tributaries streams in the area during average flow conditions
                  can be characterized as generally good.


                  Amite River


                       The Amite River, from the Louisiana-Mississippi state line
                  to LA Highway 37 is designated a Louisiana Natural and Scenic
                  stream. The Amite River is also an effluent limited stream
                  segment. Standards for pH and total dissolved solids (TDS)
                  were exceeded at all five sampling locations.


                       The station near Darlington, Louisiana, at Highway 10 had
                  the greatest percentage of violations with respect to pH
                  values, with 19% of the values below the pH standard of 6.0 SU.
                  The minimum pH value recorded at this site was 5.2 SU. The
                  station located near Magnolia had the lowest pH value which was
                  4.9 SU. However, only 6% of the total pH values measured at
                  the Magnolia location were in violation of the state standard.
                  Low pH values are of concern since many pollutants are known to
                  become more toxic as pH becomes lower. It is interesting that,
                  like the Comite River, the pH levels in the Amite River
                  increase at the downstream locations. Since the northern
                  portions of the river basins are mostly forested and
                  agricultural lands, perhaps these lower ph values are the
                  result of agricultural and silviocultural practices.


                       Although the state standard for total dissolved solids
                  (TDS) was violated at all five locations, the maximum percent
                  exceedance was 7% at the farthest downstream location near the
                  Highway 42 Bridge. Except for this location, the mean TDS
                  concentrations for the other sampling location-s is about
                  54 mg/l; well below the maximum 150 mg/1 state standard.


                       For the three station locations on the upper Amite River,
                  there were no DO violations. The mean DO concentrations at
                  these stations were about 8.3 mg/l. The station at the 4H Camp
                  near Denham Springs had one DO violation in 131 observations.
                  However, about 22% of the DO concentration observed at the
                  Highway 42 bridge violated the minimum 5.0 mg/l state standard.
                  The mean violation was about 4.1 mg/1 with the violations
                  equally distributed throughout the months of May through


                                                35











       October. Severe oxygen depletion has been reported in the
       Amite River below the Amite River Diversion Canal.


            The mean chloride and sulfate concentrations are well
       within the state standards. The percent exceedance values are
       generally rare and much less than 5%. The furthest downstream
       location is the exception with a percent exceedance value of
       6%. The exceedances at this downstream location are probably
       due to the influence of brackish water from Lakes Pontchartrain
       and Maurepas.


            The LDEQ has set guidelines for maximum turbidity levels
       in the Amite River at 50 nephelometric turbidity unites (NTU).
       For the reach of the Amite River designated as scenic, the
       guideline is 25 NTU. Although, the mean turbidity levels
       measured at all of the stations are within these guidelines,
       there is about a 20 - 25% exceedance value at each of the
       stations. These high turbidity levels are the result of early
       storm runoff and sand and gravel mining operations in the Amite
       River. In the Amite River, 73% of the total phosphorus values
       exceeded th 50 mg/l EPA standard.

            Generally, the quality of water, with regard to fecal
       coliforms, decreases as one progresses downstream. The log
       means range from 153 colonies/100 ml at the Grangeville Bridge
       location to 884 colonies/100ml at the Highway 42 Bridge
       location. The 90th percentile values for all five locations
       are well above the 400 colonies/100 ml state standard. These
       fecal coliform violations can be attributed to stormwater
       runoff and domestic wastewater discharges from Baton Rouge that
       enter the Amite River directly or via other tributaries.


            There are consistent exceedances of the acute criteria for
       cadmium, copper, and lead. The acute criteria for mercury is
       exceeded only at the downstream location at the Highway 42
       bridge. Mercury is of concern because of bioaccumulated
       effects. Zinc and nickel data were collected only at the 4H
       Camp location near Denham Springs, Louisiana, which has an
       exceedance ration of 69 percent for zinc and no exceedances for
       nickel.


            As expected, the chronic exceedances at the five locations
       equalled or exceeded the acute criteria exceedances. Of


                                      36










                  particular significance are the much higher exceedance ratios
                  for the trace metal mercury.


                  Streamflow Data


                       Streamflow data is available from major gaging stations in
                  the study area. Many of these stations are maintained through
                  cooperative agreement between the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
                  and the U.S. Geological Survey. Maximum records were set at 7
                  of the 12 stations in the study area from the April 1983 flood.
                  The stations with their maximum and minimum stages and
                  discharges are shown in Table 14.








































                                                37















                                                                                                         TABLE 14
                                                                                                   STAFAMFLOW DATA




                                                       PERIOD                                      MAXIMUM                                                             MINIMUM
                        MAP STATION                    OF                        STAGE                               DISCHARGE                       STAGE                             DISCHARGE
                        NO.                            RECORD                    Fr                DATE              CFS            DATE             Fr                DATE            CFS
                                                                                 (NGVD)                                                              (NGVD)


                        1     AMITE RIVER
                              PORT VINCENT             1954-69                   1439              4)83              69500          in               -im               1254            as
                                                       19"90


                        2     AMITE RIVER
                              NEAR DENHAM
                              SPRINGS                  193"9                     41.50             03                112000         4/83             &43               1146            271


                        3     COMITE RIVER
                              NEAR COM11TE
                              DATUM 23.85 Fr           1944-90                   54.49             553               37000          03                                                 28


                        4     COMITE RIVER
                              GREENWELL SPRINGS 1962-90                          49.42             4183


                        5     COMiTE RIVER
                              NEAR BAKER               1965-89                   73.34             6rQ7


                        6     WHITE BAYOU
                              SE ZACHARY
                              DATUM 6&0 Fr             1965-90                   SU4               4183              4730           4183             2A                ilm               0


                        7     WHITE BAYOU
                              NEAR BATON ROUGE
                              DATUM Q0 FT              1965-90                   81.08             4M                1660           03               3A                11/82             0


                        a     ALLIGATOR BAYOU
                              SPANISH LAKE
                              FLOODGATE UPPER          1955-73                   10.66             41W                                               -0.40             7164
                                                       1974-89


                        9     ALLIGATOR BAYOU
                              SPANISH LAKE
                              FLOODGATE LOWER i9s549                             4&71              4M3                                               -2.Q              4=


                        10    BAYOU MANCHAC
                              HOPE VILLA               194s-88
                                                       1960-89                   15.60             4M3                                               Am                1254


                        I I   BAYOU MANCHAC
                              NEAR PORT VINCENT        1972-88                   18.85             03


                        12    MISSISSIPPI RIVER
                              BATON ROUGE              187248
                                                       192145
                                                       1947-56                   47.28             M7                1473000                         -0.07             11)94           73700


                        ,Soum: U.,& Army Uoqx of Lngineem, New LMem DistnM



                                                                                                            38













                 Description of Flood Problems


                 Major Floods


                       Most streams in the Parish are subjected to backwater
                 flooding along the lower reaches in the vicinity of the streams
                 confluences with Comite River, Bayou Manchac, and Amite River.
                 The upper reaches of these streams are subjected to headwater
                 flooding. Headwater flooding is caused by high-intensity
                 usually short duration rainfall that produces high flood
                 elevations with very little warning. Flood occurrence within
                 specific watersheds are shown in Table 15.

                       Major floods events that have affected most of the
                 watershed in the East Baton Rouge Parish are described in
                 subsequent paragraphs.


                       1953 Flood. The flood of May 1953 was caused by unusually
                 heavy rains beginning on 27 April. During the period
                 22 April-9 May 1953 heavy rainfall produced generally high
                 stages on most streams in the area and created favorable
                 conditions for additional flooding following a second storm
                 period between 10-21 May 1953.    During the second storm period
                 rainfall in the area ranged from 17.5 inches at New Roads to
                 7.0 inches at Baton Rouge. The average rainfall for the total
                 storm period 22 April-21 May over the area was about 18 inches.
                 Amite River near Denham Springs had a maximum stage of 36.37
                 ft. NGVD for this flood.


                       1962 Flood. The flood of April 1962 was caused by
                 unusually heavy rains during the period 27-28 April 1962.
                 Rainfall ranged from 4.0 inches at New Roads to 7.0 inches at
                 Baton Rouge. The flood overflowed an area in excess of 114,000
                 acres along several streams in the basin.


                       1973 Flood. Headwater flooding occurred throughout the
                 study area during the spring of 1973. During the period 23-25
                 March 1973, 7.3 and 7.7 inches of rainfall were recorded at
                 Baton Rouge, and Greenwell Springs, respectively. Many
                 streams overflowed their banks flooding adjoining areas.




                                                39

















                                                        TABLE 15
                                    FLOOD OCCURIRENCE WITHIN SPECIFIC    =LMRSHEDS



           Watershed                              Flood Events

           Bayou Fountain
             TributarlAw                  April 1942                     March 1973
                                          November 1947                  April 1977
                                          May 1953                       April 1979
                                          April  1962                    April 1983
                                          March  1964                    August 198-1
                                          April  1967                    June 1989
                                          April  1969                    February 1992
                                                                         January 1993

           Monte Sanc, Bayou              1962                           April 1979
                                          March  1973                    April 1980
                                          April  1975

           Claycut Bayou                  April  1967                    April 1977
                                          April  1969                    May 1978
                                          March  1970                    April 1979
                                          October 1970                   April 1980
                                          December 1972                  April 1983
                                          March 1973                     August 1987
                                          April. 1975                    June 1989
                                                                         January 1990
                                                                         January 1993

           Jones Creek A
             Tributaries                  March 1947                     April 1975
                                          September 1957                 May 1976
                                          April 1962                     Sept     r 1977
                                          October 1964                   April 1977
                                          September 1965                 April 1979
                                          February 1966                  April 1983
                                          April 1967                     August 1983
                                          March 1970                     August 1987                                              0
                                          May 1972                       June 1989
                                          March 1973                     January 1990
                                                                         January 1993

           Ward Creek
             Tributaries                  March 1947                     March 1973
                                          Way 19S3                       May 1976
                                          May 1954                       April 1977
                                          April 1955                     May 1978
                                          September 1957                 April 1979
                                          January 1958                   April 1983
                                          April 1962                     October 1991
                                          October 1964                   June 1992
                                          April  1967                    June 1989
                                          April  1969                    January 1993


           Bayou Manchac                  April  1967                    April 1979
                                          March  1973                    April 1983
                                          April  197S                    January 1990
                                          April  1977

           Blackwater Bayou               April  1962                    April 1975
             Tributaries                  October 1964                   April 1977
                                          April 1967                     April 1983
                                          March 1973

           Beaver Bayou                   April 1967                     April 1980
             Tributaries                  September 1973                 April 1983
                                          April 1977                     January 1990


           Source: U.S.    Army Corps of Engineers, New   Orleans District


                                                           40











                       1977 Flood. Record flooding occurred in the Amite River
                 Basin during the period 20-26 April. Rainfall amounts over
                 this period ranged up to 15 inches with many reports of
                 6-13 inches. From 4-8 feet of flooding occurred along the
                 Comite River with the maximum stage of 51.37 feet NGVD at
                 Comite gage exceeding the 1973 record by 5.94 feet. Up to
                 12 feet of flooding occurred along the Amite River where the
                 41.08 feet NGVD, maximum stage at Denham Springs exceeded
                 1973's record by 4.6 feet. A new record occurred upstream at
                 Darlington on the Amite River where the gage height peaked at
                 21.76.


                       1979 Flood. The 1979 flood was caused by headwater
                 flooding on the Amite River and Tributaries and inadequate
                 drainage facilities in the study area. High stages occurring
                 along the Amite and New Rivers produced substantial flooding in
                 and around Baker, Baton Rouge, Denham Springs, French
                 Settlement, Gonzales, Port Vincent, Sorrento and Zachary.
                 Maximum stage at Denham Springs was 36.36 feet NGVD.

                       1983 Floods. Heavy rains produced floods in April and
                 August of 1983. During 5-8 April, severe thunder storms
                 produced more than 10 inches of rain over the study area.
                 Amite received nearly 9 inches on 6 April. Maximum stage
                 records were exceeded at 9 gages.    The record at Denham
                 Springs was 41.5 feet NGVD which exceeded the 1977 flood record
                 of 41.08 feet NGVD. Flash flooding occurred on 2 August in
                 portions of the Baton Rouge and Vicinity when a weak tropical
                 wave moved slowly over the area producing 24-hour rainfall
                 amounts of 12-15 inches. Baton Rouge Sherwood (Woodlawn) and
                 Denham Springs received 14.43 inches and 13.8 inches,
                 respectively.


                       1989 Flood. Heavy rain from Tropical Storm Allison
                 accounted for this flood. Seven to ten inches of rain fell in
                 a twelve hour period over east-central Louisiana during 27-28
                 June. Baton Rouge recorded a 24-hour rainfall total of 9.7
                 inches. Stages of Bayou Fountain were nearly two feet higher
                 than those set in the 1983 flood.


                       1990 Flood. A cold front passage on 24-25 January, and
                 the squall line ahead of the front, generated heavy rains and


                                                41










       localized flooding over the study area. The most extensive
       flooding occurred to the east of Baton Rouge. Flooding was
       reported on the Amite and Comite Rivers. The two-day storm
       rainfall ranged from 4-6 inches. Antecedent conditions, with
       saturated soils and elevated water tables, intensified flooding
       problems.    Stages approached those of the 1983 flood.

            1993 Flood. Similar to the 1990 flood, a heavy squall
       line ahead of a slow moving cold front on 22-23 January
       produced heavy, prolonged rains ranging from 7-8 inches in the
       south and east to 13-14 inches in the northwest part of the
       parish. Significant flooding occurred in the Comite River and
       its tributaries in and around Baker. Some moderate flooding
       occurred along the Amite River. Significant headwater and some
       backwater flooding occurred in the Bayou Fountain watershed,
       particularly, in the Siegen to Gardere Lane developments.


       Flood Damage


            Flood problems in northern and northeastern portion of the
       parish are due to headwater overflows from the Comite River,
       Cypress Bayou, White Bayou, Sandy Creek, Beaver Bayou, South
       Canal, Baker Canal, Monte Sano, Bayou, and tributaries of these
       streams. Overflow from backwater flooding creates problems
       along Hurricane Creek, lower Comite River, and lower reaches of
       its tributaries streams. Flood problems in the southern and
       southeastern portion of the parish are caused by headwater
       overflow from Ward Creek and Tributaries, the Amite River, Clay
       Cut Bayou, Jones Creek and tributaries, and Bayou Fountain and
       tributaries. Backwater flooding occurs along lower Ward Creek
       from Bayou Manchac and the Amite River. The area along lower
       Clay Cut Bayou, Honey Cut Bayou, and Jones Creek from the Amite
       River. Backwater flooding occurs in the lower reaches of Bayou
       Fountain from Bayou Manchac and the Amite River. Comprehensive
       damage data are not available for most of the past flood
       events. Each flood event, along with all available damage
       data, are described below.


            During the April 1977 flood, about 25,000 acres of land
       were inundated in the Baton Rouge area. A total of 1,500 urban
       residences and some of the business establishments were
       flooded. Inundated structures were flooded in depth over the
       floor from a few inches to about eight feet. Inundated


                                       42











                 stru ctures were flooded from a few hours to several days.
                 Damages to structures and contents were estimated at about
                 $20.7 million. Total damages in the parish were $24.0 million.
                 Limited flooding occurred in April 1979, causing an estimated
                 $1.4 million in damages to the Baton Rouge area.


                      East Baton Rouge Parish was severely flooded in 1983 along
                 the Amite and Comite Rivers, Clay Cut Bayou, Cypress Bayou,
                 Beaver Bayou, Sandy Creek and White Bayou. Amount 55,000 acres
                 of land was flooded, and a total of 1558 urban residences, 20
                 rural residences, and 37 urban business establishments were
                 damaged. Flood damages were estimated at $65.2 million. About
                 75 percent of the damages occurred along the Comite River and
                 tributary streams. Flooding up to eight feet above the first
                 floor was reported with inundation of structures lasting from a
                 few hours to several days. Some streets and yards were
                 reported flooded for a longer period of time. Agricultural
                 flooding occurred; however, much of the land was fallow at the
                 time of the flood. About 10,000 acres of improved pasture
                 flooded. The pasture was damaged, but the water did not stay
                 long enough to kill the grass. Approximately 30 tons of hay
                 were reported lost.


                 Flood Damage Potential


                      East Baton Rouge Parish was subdivided into 7 hydrologic
                 subbasins. Subbasin locations are shown on Plate 4. Plates 5-
                 10 illustrate each subbasin and its 10- or 25-year frequency
                 floodplain. The hydrologic and hydraulic analysis, land use,
                 and the economic analysis were conducted on a subbasin level.
                 This allowed damage centers to be more clearly identified as
                 well as the cause of flooding. The flood damage potential was
                 evaluated for each subbasin. This potential--shows an
                 indication of the level of flood protection that can be
                 economically justified. Table 16 shows the number of
                 structures located in various floodplains by subbasin. The
                 existing average annual damage by subbasin is also shown.









                                                43













       Streambank Erosion


            In several watersheds in the parish, streambank erosion is
       a significant problem. The problem is severe in several
       locations where residential and commercial improvements border
       the streambank. Fences, backyards, and in some instances,
       structures have been or are currently being affected by the on-
       going bank sloughing (See photos, Figure 1). Significant
       property losses caused by erosion problems are widespread
       throughout most of the Jones Creek watershed and on the North
       Branch Tributary of Ward Creek.










































                                     44

















                                                                               TABLE 16


                                                                NUMBER OF STRUCTURES IN THE VARIOUS
                                                                   FLOODPLAINS Or FAST BATON ROUGE




             BASIN    STRUCTURE        0-10         10-25        25-50        50-100       100-500       ABOVE 500        ALL FLOOD
             NO.      CATEGORY         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR          YEAR             ZONES


                      BLACKWATER BAYOU WATERSHED - TOTAL EQUIVALENT     ANNUAL FLOOD  DAMAGES - $5,581,000
                      BASIN NAME: BLACKWATER BAYOU


             13       1-STORY          198           72          332          182            62          110                956
                      2-STORY           24            3             9           7             2             5                 50
                      MOBILE HOME         4           5            21           9            21          101                161
                      COMMERCIAL        10            5            18           10            4             9                 56
                      TOTAL            236           85          380          208            89          225              1,223



                      BEAVER BAYOU WATERSHED - TOTAL EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DAMAGES         $10,407,000
                      BASIN NAME: BEAVER   BAYOU


             14       I-STORY          315           72            39         112            69          640              1,247
                      2-STORY           14            2             1           4             4            28                 53
                      MOBILE HOME         9          19             8           9            12          195                252
                      COMMERCIAL        95            8             2           7             2          133                247
                      TOTAL            433           101           50         132            87          996              1,799






                                                  i











                                                                       TAB= 16 (Continued)


                                                               NUMBER OF STRUCTURES IN THE VARIOUS
                                                                 FLOODPLAINS OF EAST BATON ROUGE



            BASIN    STRUCTURE        0-10         10-25        25-50        50-100       100-500      ABOVE 500         ALL FLOOD
            NO.      CATEGORY         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR              ZONES


                     WARD CREEK WATERSHED   - TOTAL EQUIVALENT  ANNUAL FLOOD DAMAGES     $4,074,000
                     BASIN NAME: WARD CREEK


            21       1-STORY           14           59           56          182          456          1,275             2,042
                     2-STORY             1           0            5            2            3             25                 38
                     MOBILE HOME         0           0            0            0            1               0                 1
                     COMMERCIAL          3          13           17            48           91            220               392
                     TOTAL             18           72           78          232          551          1,520             2,471



                     BASIN NAME: BAYOU DUPLANTIER


            25       1-STORY             3          13            1            22           9             65                113
                     2-STORY             2           6            6            6            6             15                 41
                     MOBILE HOME         0           0            0            0            0               0                 0
                     COMMERCIAL        12            2            2            4            13            13                 46
                     TOTAL             17           21            9            32           28            93                200














                                                                        TABLE 16 (Continued)


                                                                NUMBER OF STRUCTURES IN THE VARIOUS
                                                                  rLOODPLAINS Or EAST BATON ROUGE



             BASIN    STRUCTURE         0-10        10-25        25-50        50-100       100-500      ABOVE 500        ALL FLOOD
             NO.      CATEGORY          YEAR        YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR          YEAR             ZONES


                      WARD CREEK WATERSHED   (CONTINUED)
                      BASIN NAME: DAWSON   CREEK


             26       1-STORY           51           50           20           14           24              72             231
                      2-STORY           10             5           3            1            1              9                29
                      MOBILE HOME         0            0           0            0            0              0                 0
                      COMMERCIAL        52           50           11           17           15              64             209
                      TOTAL             113         105           34           32           40            145              469



                      BASIN NAME: NORTH BRANCH -    WARD CREEK


             27       1-STORY           17           84           41          161          167            366              836
                      2-STORY             3          18            1           21           61              45             149
                      MOBILE HOME         0            0           0            0            0              0                 0
                      COMMERCIAL        23           16           14            9           19            233              314
                      TOTAL             43          118           56          191          247            644             1,299










                                                                        TABLE 16 (Continued)


                                                                NUMBER OF STRUCTURES IN THE VARIOUS
                                                                  FLOODPLAINS OF EAST BATON ROUGE



             BASIN   STRUCTURE          0-10        10-25        25-50        50-100       100-500     ABOVE 500         ALL FLOOD
             NO.     CATEGORY           YEAR        YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR              ZONES


                     WARD CREEK WATERSHED   (CONTINUED)
                     BASIN NAME: DAWSON    CREEK


             30      1-STORY            20           69           17            8          119             54              287
                     2-STORY             0            2            2           10           18             19               51
                     MOBILE ROME         0            0            0            0            0               0                0
                     COMMERCIAL         19           20            3            5           12             82              141
                     TOTAL              39           91           22           23          149             155             479




                     BASIN NAME: WARD CREEK


             32      1-STORY            17            5           49           29           82             155             337
                     2-STORY             3            2            3            2            2             15               27
                     MOBILE HOME         4            0            0            0            1             71               76
                     COMMERCIAL         25            4           19           15            2             13               78
                     TOTAL              49           11           71           46           87             254             518














                                                                        TABLE 16 (Continued)


                                                                NUMBER OF STRUCTURES IN THE VARIOUS
                                                                  FLOODPLAINS OF EAST EATON ROUGE



             BASIN    STRUCTURE        0-10         10-25        25-50        50-100       100-500      ABOVE 500        ALL FLOOD
             NO.      CATEGORY         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR             ZONES


                      JONES CREEK WATERSHED - TOTAL EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DAMAGES        $8,049,000
                      BASIN NAME: JONES CREEK


             22       1-STORY            57          28          123           92          141          1,062            1,503
                      2-STORY            7            6            24          16           36             212             301
                      MOBILE HOME        1            1            2            0            1              4                  9
                      COMMERCIAL         50          29            51          30           35             185             380
                      TOTAL            115           64          200           138         213          1,463            2,193



                      BASIN NAME: LIVELY   BAYOU TRIBUTARY


             23       1-STORY          505          126          114           44           60              69             918
                      2-STORY            20          10            4            3            5              13               55
                      MOBILE HOME        0            0            0            0            0              0                  0
                      COMMERCIAL         2            1            0            0            0              0                  3
                      TOTAL            527          137          118           47           65              82             976







                                                                       TABLE 16 (Continued)   I

                                                               NUMBER OF STRUCTURES IN THE VARIOUS
                                                                 PLOODPLAINS OF EAST BATON ROUGE



            BASIN    STRUCTURE         0-10         10-25       25-50        50-100       100-500      ABOVE 500        ALL FLOOD
            NO.      CATEGORY          YEAR        YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR               ZONES


                     JONES CREEK WATERSHED (CONTINUED)
                     BASIN NAME: LIVELY    BAYOU


            24       1-STORY           116            55         64            24          38            101               438
                     2-STORY             10           58           5           0            8             18                99
                     MOBILE HOME         0            0            1           0           11             25                37
                     COMMERCIAL          31           10         19            2            9               3               74
                     TOTAL             157           123         89            26          106           147               648




                     BASIN NAME: WEINER    CREEK


            28       1-STORY             8            0          13            0           45            229               295
                     2-STORY             0            0            0           2            4             36                42
                     MOBILE HOME         0            0            0           0            0                1                1
                     COMMERCIAL          0            0            1           0            0             21                22
                     TOTAL               8            0          14            2           49            287               360
















                                                                         TABLE 16 (Continued)


                                                                NUMBER OF STRUCTURES IN THE VARIOUS
                                                                   FLOODPLAINS OP EAST EATON ROUGE




             BASIN    STRUCTURE        0-10          10-25        25-50        50-100       100-500      ABOVE 500        ALL FLOOD
             NO.      CATEGORY         YEAR          YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR         YEAR             ZONES


                      BAYOU FOUNTAIN WATERSHED - TOTAL EQUIVALENT     ANNUAL DAMAGES    $1,655,000
                      BASIN NAME: BAYOU FOUNTAIN


             29       I-STORY            41          130            26          33          531             432           1,193
                      2-STORY              7           50         113             5         196             133               504
                      MOBILE HOME          0            0            0            0            0              6                 6
                      APT.BLDGS.         39          125          101           10            54             39               368
                      COMMERCIAL           8          22            11          45          112              82               280
                      TOTAL              95          327          251           93          893             692           2,351





             SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTICT






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              FUTURE CONDITIONS (IF NO FEDERAL ACTION IS TAKEN)


                   The most probable future condition if no Federal action is
              taken are determined by projection. Conditions that will
              prevail in the area over the planning-period 2000-2050. The
              conditions described are based on available information. This
              scenario serves as the base conditions to which all alternative
              plans were composed to assess the effect of each plan. For
              resources not described in this section, future conditions are
              not expected to be-significantly different from existing
              conditions.


              Economy and Human Resources


                   Population and economic growth in the area is expected to
              continue in the future. The exact locations of this growth
              would be influenced by many factors, including the availability
              of land throughout the area, construction costs, flood
              protection, environmental concerns, differences in lifestyles,
              and the proximity of housing to the work place and commercial
              centers. The economic potential of the area appears favorable
              in spite of recent declines in petrochemical industries. The
              area's mild climate, natural resources, port activities, and
              state government operations are major factors that would
              encourage growth. The population of East Baton Rouge Parish is
              expected to increase by about 170,000 people or 45 percent by
              the year 2047.


                   The growth rate between 1986 and 2047 is expected to
              average 0.6 percent annually. Table 17 shows the projected
              population for the parish. Tables 18 and 19 display pertinent
              data on anticipated population, earnings, and employment for
              the Baton Rouge Standard Metropolitan Area (SMSA@. Statistical
              Area (SMSA). The Baton Rouge SMSA includes the parishes of
              East Baton Rouge, Ascension, Livingston, and West Baton Rouge.


              Future Land Use


                   The projection of future land use was based upon three
              principles: knowledge of planned activities in the study area,
              awareness of constraints upon development,.and the extension of




                                             52













                                                           TABLE 17


                                     PROJECTED POPULATION FOR EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH




               1970     1980      1990     2000     2W5      2015     2035     2040     2047


               285,167  366,191  380,105 442,000 453,600 489,700 530,000       541,000  557,000



               SOURCE:  U.S. Amri Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District







































                                                              .53



















                                                                                         TABLE 18
                                                                       POPULATION, PERSONAL INCOME, AND EARNINGS,
                                                                            1969-1983, AND PROJECTED, 2990-2035
                                                                                 FOR BAT-ON-ROUGE, LA 04SA)
                                                                          1969      1973      1978      1983      1990      2995      2000      1005      2015      2035


                       Population as of   July 1 (thousands)             371.0     407.4     466.8     531.1     572.3     599.5     622.0     643.2     693.2     751.0


                                                                                 Millions of 1972 dollars


                       Total personal income                          1,350.8 1,601.4 2,337.4       2,798.1 3,573.4     4,065.0 4,532.4 4,996.3 5,B49.0 7,549.9
                       (place of residence)


                          By place of work
                       Total earnings                                  1,106.2    1,282.1  1,859.9  2,005.9    2,662.9  3,049.7    3,430.0   3,795.0   4,389.9   5,444.7
                          Farm                                            11.7      17.5       8.7        9.5     22.0      22.3      11.0      10.9      21.2      12.2
                         Nonfarm                                       1,094.5    1,264.6  1,851.3  1,996.3    2,650.9  3,038.3    3,419.0   3,784.2   4,378.9   5,432.5
                           Private                                       885.1     995.5   1,517.0  1,599.7    2,161.8  2,489.7    2,807.5   3,107.2   3,597.3   4,471.3
                              Agricultural services, forestry,
                                fisheries, and other                       (D)       (D)       (D)        3.9       5.7       6.7       7.5       8.5       9.8     12.1
                              Mining                                       (D)       (D)       (D)      11.1      13.7      14.8      15.1      16.7      17.8      20.0
                              Construction                                 (D)     159.1       (D)     238.8     288.6     296.5     309.6     324.2     344.8     390.1
                              Manufacturing                              262.0     282.8     378.1     377.0     509.9     581.3     646.3     705.9     816.3   1,016.6
                                Nondurable goods                         227.5     244.1     325.8     333.1     434.7     487.0     534.7     578.2     661.9     815.1
                                Durable goods                             34.5      38.6      S2.3      43.9      75.2      94.2     111.6     127.7     154.3     201.5
                              Transportation and   public utilities       64.1      82.0     116.9     133.5     182.0     210.6     241.4     272.1     322.4     409.1
                              wholesale trade                              (D)       (D)       (D)     122.4.    169.4     195.3     221.4     248.5     290.3     359.1
                              Retail trade                               117.5     138.5     194.4     213.5     267.0     305.5     344.4     370.9     430.7     538.0
                              Finance, insurance, and real estate         52.2      68.3      97.6     118.2     169.4     200.3     229.1     255.4     295.5     363.6
                              Service                                      (D)       (D)       (D)     381.3     556.1     678.7     792.1     896.9   1,069.6   1,362.7
                           Government and government enterprises         209.3     269.1     334.3     396.7     489.1     548.7     611.5     677.0     781.6     961.2
                              Federal, civilian                           15.8      19.3      20.9      23.7      27.4      30.0      32.9      36.2      41.5      51.6
                              Federal, military                            2.8       3.9       4.2        6.0       6.6       7.0       7.3       7.7       8.5     10.4
                              State and local                            190.7     245.9     309.2     367.0     -455.1    511.7     572.3     633.1     731.6     899.2
                              SOURCE:   1985 OBEPS BEA REGIONAL PROJECTIONS, Volume       2j U.S. Department of Commerce# Bureau     of Economic Analysis

















                                                                                                TABLE 19
                                                                                               EMPLOYMENT
                                                                                  1969-1983, AND PROJECTED, 1990-2035

                                                                                       FOR BATON ROUGE$    LA (HSA)



                                                                               1969       2973      2978       1983        2990      1995      2000       2005       2015      2035


                         Total employment                                      145.1      161.0     211.1     229.5       274.4     300.2      322.6      340.7     358.5     367.2
                             Farm                                                3.8       3.5        2.9       2.5        2.5        2.5       2.5        2.5        2.4        2.3

                            Nonfarm                                            141.3      157.6     208.4     227.0      271.9      297.6      320.1      338.3     356.1     364.9

                              Private                                          107.8      117.9     260.8     173.7       213.8     236.8      256.9      272.9     289.6     299.4
                                Agricultural services, forestry,                                                                                                I
                                   fisheries, and other                          (D)       (D)        (D)          .8      2.1        1.3       1.4        1.5        1.5        1.5
                                Mining                                           (D)       (D)        (D)       1.0          .9         .9         .9        .9         .8         .7
                                Construction                                     (D)      16.5        (D)      22.4        25.2      25.3      25.7       26.2       26.2      25.1
                                Manufacturing                                  21.7       21.5      24.7       22.4        26.0'     27.6      28.8       29.7       30.6      30.9
                                   Nondurable goods                            17.8       17.6      19.8       18.5        20.4      21.2      21.9       22.3       22.8      22.8
                                   Durable goods                                 3.9       4.0        4.9       4.0        5.6        6 .3      6.9        7.3        7.7        8.0
                                Transportation and     public utilities          7.3       8.0      10.0       10.6        12.3      13.2      14.2       25.0       15.9      16.2
                                Wholesale trade                                  (D)       (D)        (D)      11.4        14.4      16.0      17.3       18.6       19.9      20.8
                                Retail trade                                   21.9       25.1      35.0       40.9        50.6      56.9      92.6       67.2       72.0      75.5

                                Finance, insurance, and real estate              6.1       8.4      11.4       13.6        17.3      19.4      22.2       22.6       23.9      24.4
                                Service                                          (D)       (D)        (D)      50.1        66.0      76.3      84.8       91.3       96.8     104.3
                              Government and government enterprises            33.5       39.6      47.6       53.7        58.1      60.8      63.2       65.3       66.5      65.5
                                Federal, civilian                                1.5       1.6        1.6       1.9        2.0        2.0       2.1        2.2        2.2        2.3
                                Federal, military                                1.9       2.0        2.1       2.4        2.4        2.4       2.4        2.4        2.4        2.4
                                State and local                                30.0       36.0      43.9       49.5        53.8      56.4      58.7       60.8       61.9      60.9


                         SOURCE! 1985 OBERS BEA REGIONAL PROJECTIONS,            Volume 2. U.S. Department     of Commerce, Bureau of      Economic   Analysis











              historical trends. The methodology used to project future land
              use is contained in Appendix B. The land use projections were
              made for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers by the Louisiana
              State Planning Office.

                    Substantial urban growth is expected to occur in East
              Baton Rouge Parish. The future land use projections indicate a
              strong growth trend for the Baton Rouge urbanized area toward
              the east southeast. The transportation facility provided by
              Interstate 10 and Airline Highway is undoubtedly a major
              factor in directionality of this growth. A second area of
              growth toward the east along Interstate 12 is also highly
              significant. Growth to the north and northeast is weak, though
              the Zachary-Baker area appears to have the strongest history of
              development in the sector. Future growth patterns described
              above are supported by the East Baton Rouge City Parish
              Planning Commission.


                   East Baton Rouge Parish has plenty of available land for
              expansion in all directions of the city of Baton Rouge except
              the west. Factors such as highway improvements, changes in
              attitudes toward certain areas, and the location of major
              employers could influence variances from the patterns predicted
              by the historical trends used for the projections in the study
              area.


                   For the purpose of projecting future land use, the area
              was grouped into eight regions. East Baton Rouge Parish is
              located in portion on all of 6 of the 8 regions. Regions
              followed subbasin boundaries as shown in Plate 4. Table 20
              summarizes future land use in the region. The northwest region
              is an area of-generally slow growth. In the time period
              preceding the period of record for this study,-the area
              experienced a more rapid expansion due to the "urban retreat"
              of many of the blue collar workers from the industrial
              facilities of north Baton Rouge. These facilities have
              decreased employment in recent years and the growth of the area
              has correspondingly declined. Within the study period most of
              the growth recorded occurred in the area around Zachary,
              Louisiana. This is probably due, in part, to the-influx of
              workers for the construction of the River Bend Nuclear
              Generator several miles to the north. Subbasin 1, located to



                                             56













                                                                                        TABLE 20
                                                                      FUTURE LAND USE BY GROWTH REGIONS, 1978-2047
                                                                                          (Acres)


                                                                                     BATOR ROUGE URBAN REGION                    WATERWET
                                            YEAR      RESIDENTIAL COMNERCIAL INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE        FOREST    TRANSMON LANDS, QUARRY      TOTAL
                                            1978        26809         9941        7451         4563        10316         961         1173        61214
                                            1985        30431         10783       7576         3258        7608          297         1261        61214
                                            1990        31369         11459       7665         2531        6880          46                      61211
                                            1995        32073         11930       7755         2034        6137          23          1261        61212
                                            1996        32213         12024       7772         1935        5988          16          1261        61212
                                            1997        32354         12118       7790         1835        sa3g          '14         1261        61212
                                            2000        32776         12401       7844         1537        5393          0           1261        61212
                                            2007        33211         12684       7969         1193        4896          a           1261        61214
                                            2010        33397         12605       6023         1046        4683          a           1261        61215
                                            2017        33769         13047       6148         631         4158          a           1261        61214
                                            2020        33929         13150       8202         739         3933          0           1261        61214
                                            2027        34108         13266       8327         656         3596          0           1261        61215
                                            2030        34185         13316       8381         621         3451          0           1261        61215
                                            2037        34356         13428       8506         437         3178          0           1261        61216
                                            2040        34424'        13476       8560         430         3061          0           1261        61217
                                            2047        34600         13588       8685         296         2788          0           1261        61L 8-j










               the west of Zachary is the most rapidly growing area. In
               projected to be a rapid growth area in the future. About 7.8%
               of the total growth in the study area is slated for this area
               which makes up over 13% of the total acreage in the study area.


                    The northeast is an area of very slow growth.
               Transportation routes to the area are not well developed and
               the area is quite a distance from major employers. Much of the
               land in subbasins 55, 56, 57, and 58 is within the actual
               valley of the Amite River and is ill-suited for development.
               The remaining subbasin, 53, is projected for slow growth which
               might increase upon the modification of transportation to the
               area. This area is not likely to contribute greatly to the
               problems associated with development within the foreseeable
               future. The entire area is slated for only about 1.5% of the
               growth for the study area while it covers about 12% of the
               total area.


                    This central region, located to the northeast of urbanized
               Baton Rouge, is likely to experience moderate growth in the
               future. Though transportation routes are inadequate, the area
               is near enough to the urbanized area to be highly likely to
               receive continued development. Portions of the region are
               within the valleys of the Amite and Comite and not suitable for
               development, which fact has and will continue to limit the
               growth in the area. Improvements to the transportation
               facilities in the area would likely increase the growth
               potential. The central region, while away from the growth
               focus for the study area, is likely to experience development
               at a nearly average rate for the study area. This area,
               representing roughly 4% of the study area, is projected to
               receive 3.5% of the area growth.

                   The Baton Rouge urban region is already heavily urbanized.
               Several of the subbasins are virtually completely developed at
               the present time (11, 15, 20, 23, 26, 27). Areas in the
               southern and eastern parts of this area are projected to become
               fully developed early in the projection period. The only
               subbasins not projected to be fully developed by 2040 are 16
               (to the north), 24, and 48. While subbasin 16 is not likely to
               grow rapidly, subbasins 24 and 48 will likely become fully
               urbanized in the near future. The model apparently mispredicted
               for these two subbasins in part due to their small size.


                                             58










          Subbasin 21 is not projected for full urbanization until 2030.
          This subbasin contains two large parcels of land, the Burden
          tract and the Whitter tract, which may not develop in the
          foreseeable future. The Burden tract is administered by the
          Louisiana State University College of Agriculture as a park
          area and a research farm. The Whitter tract is owned by an
          individual who wishes the area remain in farmland and forest.
          Most of the remainder of the subbasin is fully developed at the
          present time. This region is projected to experience 14.9% of
          all growth in the study area despite its present high degree of
          urbanization and small areal extent of less than 8% of the
          total study area.

               This rapidly developing southern region located to the
          south and southeast of the urbanized area contains the major
          traffic arteries, I-10 and Airline Highway. Major industrial
          sites are located along the Mississippi River portion of this
          region. The area serves as the place of residence for workers
          in both Baton Rouge and the river industries. Commercial growth
          is strong in the northern portion of the area, as well.
          Subbasins 43 and 60 will probably never become densely
          developed because much of the land is divided into parcels of
          one to five acres with single family residences located upon
          them. Subbasin 29 has a very great potential for growth as it
          is located quite near the center city of Baton Rouge and to
          the Louisiana State University major employer. It also borders
          on the Mississippi River which provides opportunities for
          industrial expansion. The five subbasins in this region,
          comprising only 7% of the study area, are projected to,receive
          29.7% of all growth in the study area. This region will show
          the greatest transformation of land uses by far.


               Future urbanization will directly affect-streamflow rates
          and flooding potential in the parish. This is therefore an
          important factor in determining future flood control needs.
          Increases in urban development were projected for each
          watershed under study. Projected urban land use, along with
          its increase over existing conditions, is shown in Table 21.







                                         59
















                                                                                   TABLE 21


                                                                   EXISTING AND PROJECTED LAND USE



                                              EXISTING          URBANIZATION                  PROJECTED          URBANIZATION
                                              URBAN             AS PERCENT                    URBAN              AS PERCENT
                                              LAND USE          OF TOTAL                      LAND USE           OF TOTAL
                                              FOR 1985          LAND USE                      FOR 2040           LAND USE
                    WATERSHED                 (in acres)                                      (in acres)


                    Blackwater Bayou          2882               31%                             3742             40%
                    Beaver Bayou              2798               35%                             3932             50%
                    Ward Creek                20208              71%                             24702            97%

                    Jones Creek               12963              77%                              15926           95%
                    Bayou Fountain            6420               Z%                               14863           65%
                    Claycut Bayou             4932               51%                             9048             90%
                    Bayou Manchac             2625               35%                             7099             94%




                    Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District












          Biological Resources


              Problems to biological resources consist primarily of the
          loss of wooded lands and its associated wildlife habitat and
          habitat quality caused by residential and commercial
          development. All upstream development contributes to aquatic
          habitat problems because of the resulting amount of runoff from
          urban areas and the deterioration of water quality-
          Development of the wooded zone adjacent to the streams is a
          problem of major concern.


          Water Resources


              Future water use for the Louisiana portion of the Amite
          River Basin is shown on Table 22. Water use is expected to
          significantly increase between 1980 and 2040. Water supply
          sources have been determined to be capable of meeting the
          projected requirements in East Baton Rouge Parish.


              There is no indication that water quality in the Comite
          River, Amite River, or Lake Maurepas would worsen in the
          future. In fact, it seems that the water quality of the
          aforementioned water bodies would improve as a result of the
          implementation of the waste management practices set forth in
          the Louisiana water quality management plan. The East Baton
          Rouge Parish's plan is to divert a large portion of the
          municipal waste that is currently being discharged to
          tributaries of the Amite River to the Mississippi River. This
          should improve water quality in the future.


          Cultural Resources


              Six trends affect preservation of cultural-resources in the
          study area. The first is urbanization encroaching on the
          central basin from its western and southern edges. The
          region's annual flooding pattern has limited twentieth century
          settlement choices. As a consequence, construction has been
          roughly contained within corridors along major highways,
          inadvertently protecting riverine oriented prehistoric sites
          and early homesteads from rezoning and large scale clearing
          usually associated with construction of tract housing or light
          industry. This trend is slowly changing as developmental



                                         61
















                                                                                                                                      TABLE 22


                                                                                                 FUTURE WATER USE IN THE LOUISIANA PORTION OF AMITE RIVER BASIN
                                                                                                                              (irdlion gallons per day)




                                   PUBLIC SUPPLY              INDUSTRIAL                POWER                     RURAL             LIVESTOCK                 RICE                       OTHER IRRIG.               AQUACULTURE                TOTAL
                                                                                        GENERATION                DOM.


                         YEAR      GROUND SURFACE             GROUND SURFACE            GROUND SURFACE            GROUND            GROUND SURFACE            GROUND SURFACE             GROUND SURFACE             GROUND SURFACE             GROUND SURFACE            TOTAL




       EAST              1990      56110       0.00           9334        128.34        6.00          3.87        2.43              0.19          0.03        0.00           0.00        0.15           0.00        0.15          9.00         162.06         132.74     294.60
       BATON             "00       67.38       0.00           107.03      172.70        6.73          3.76        3.00              023           0.03        0.00           0.00        0.15           0.00        1.05          0.00         165.57         176.49     362.06
       ROUGE             2010      85.21       0.00           120.52      21636         6.67          3.65        3J7               027           0.03        0.00           0.00        0.14           0.00        1.10          0.00         217.48         220.24     437.72
                         2020      102.50      0.00           ISM         26OA2         6.60          3.54        4.15              0.31          0.03        0.00           0.00        0.14           0.00        1.16          0.00         248.67         263.99     512.06





       Source: Louisiana Deperbwt of Transportation and Development











          corridors widen. Clearing removes sites which are close to the
          surface, then exposes remaining deposits to lateral erosion
          from increased localized run-off. Riverine sites are directly
          impacted by development of recreational camps along the Amite
          River. Camp building, a second trend, localizes construction
          impact without areal clearing. Campsite selection echoes
          prehistoric and eighteenth century site selection, disturbing
          and adding a modern component to sites on the natural levee.
          Vandalism, a third trend, has been identified by the State
          Archeologist as prevalent near urban areas where obvious sites,
          such as mounds or those exposed by construction, are at
          jeopardy because of their accessibility. A fourth trend, also
          associated with development and land use change, is insensitive
          alteration or modification of historic structures which
          otherwise might be eligible to the National Register of
          Historic Places. Fifth is agricultural cropping north and east
          of Baton Rouge which disturbs subsurface deposits during
          clearing, plowing, and deep tilling of the soil. The final
          trend is prolonged flooding, followed either by alluviation or
          scouring of sites adjacent to channels. Scouring, which
          destroys site integrity, is a factor of elevational slope and
          natural channel migration. By contrast, alluvial and c.olluvial
          deposition buffers sites from shallow surface disturbance and
          may be interpreted as having some positive preservation
          benefit. All six of these trends are active in the study area,
          and can be expected to continue at present rates.



          PROBLEMS, NEEDS, AND OPPORTUNITIES


          Flood Control


              Flooding is a reoccurring problem in East-Baton Rouge
          Parish as indicated by data in Table 15. These floods have
          caused millions of dollars in damages.

               There is a need to reduce or alleviate flood problems in
          East Baton Rouge Parish. Partial or full flood protection
          would reduce the financial risk involved to home owners and
          businesses. These opportunities could be realized by
          constructing storm water retention basins, channel
          modification, diversions levees, floodgates, pumping stations,
          floodplain management and nonstructural measures.


                                        63












                Streambank Erosion Problems


                     Soil conditions vary throughout the parish. In the southy
                streambanks generally consist of silts and clays and have only
                a moderate amount of erosion problems. In the central part of
                the parish combinations of clay, silt, loess, and sand occur
                along the streambanks. Where loess layers are significant,
                erosion rates are high, and in some locations extreme. In many
                locations, residential and commercial developments border these
                highly erodible streambanks and significant property losses
                have, and continue to occur. The northern part of-the parish
                has far less loess on the streambanks, but numerous locations
                having loose sands exist. Erosion rates vary depending on the
                occurrence of these loose sands. Development in the north is
                less dense than the central part of the parish and few
                structures encroach on the streambanks. The opportunity exists
                to reduce streambank erosion problems where flood reduction
                measures are implemented.


                Water Ouality


                    Water quality in the basin has deteriorated in the lower
                basin due to municipal and industrial discharges, urban
                stormwater runoff, and to a lesser extent, agricultural runoff.
                The implementation of the state water quality management plan
                and East Baton Rouge Parish's plan to discharge most of
                municipal waste to the Mississippi River should improve water
                quality. The need to improve water quality of the Amite River
                and Tributaries extends beyond the expected benefits from the
                above and all opportunities to do so should be considered in
                plan development.


                Biological Resources


                     There is a need to slow the trend of habitat and habitat
                quality reduction for both terrestrial and aquatic species.
                Mitigation opportunities for both terrestrial and aquatic
                species should be considered an essential part of any Federal
                action plan developed.







                                              64












          Recreation Resources


               Population expansion in Baton Rouge would, in time,
          overload existing recreation facilities requiring additional
          park development to satisfy the greater demand. The Horizon
          Plan, a comprehensive land use plan developed by the East Baton
          Rouge City Planning Commission, and long range plans of BREC
          identify substantial recreational improvements, including bike
          trails, parks, and other features for future development.



          PLANNING CONSTRAINTS


               Legislative and executive authorities specify constraints
          and criteria that must be applied when evaluating alternative
          plans and the range of impacts to be assessed. In developing
          plans, tangible and intangible benefits and costs are
          considered as well as effects on the ecological, social, and
          economic well-being of the region. Federal participation in
          development requires that any plan be complete within itself,
          efficient and safe, economically feasible in terms of current
          prices, environmentally acceptable, and consistent with local,
          regional, and state plans.

               The plan formulation goal for this study is to develop
          alternative plans to reduce flood damages caused by headwater
          and backwater flooding along major tributary streams in East
          Baton Rouge Parish. These tributary streams includes Jones
          Creed and tributaries, Ward Creek and Tributaries, Beaver Bayou
          and Tributaries, Blackwater Bayou and Tributaries, and Monte
          Sano Bayou. Flooding along with the Comite and Amite Rivers
          and lower tributary streams are being addressed in other
          studies.


               Where possible, proposed improvements will be limited to
          the existing right-of-way owned by the parish adjacent to major
          drainage channels to minimize relocations of residents and
          businesses. Rights-of-way required for proposed channel
          modification could be extended, if necessary, beyond existing
          rights-of-way.





                                        65
















                PLANNING OBJECTIVES


                    Planning objectives stem from national, state, and local
                water and related land resources management needs specific to
                the study area. These objectives have been developed through
                problem analysis and an intense public involvement program.
                They have provided the basis for plan formulation. The
                planning objectives are as follows:


                    a. Reduce flood damages associated with headwater and
                backwater flooding tributary streams in East Baton Rouge
                Parish.


                    b. Minimize adverse environmental and aesthetic impacts
                associated with the implementation of flood control measures.


                    c. Reduce streambank erosion in areas where channel
                modifications may be required.

                    d. Minimize to the extent possible the destruction of
                archaeological and historical resources.

                    e. Minimize particularly the loss of bottomland hardwood
                forest or if not possible, mitigate those losses "in kind" to
                the extent practicable.


                    f. Mitigate for all unavoidable impacts to significant
                fish, wildlife and wetland resources.


                    g. Locate mitigation sites inside the study area if
                practicable.


                    h. Incorporate to the extent possible recreation
                facilities in flood control plans to increase recreation
                opportunities.





  is                                          66













         DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE PLANS




         MANAGEMENT MEASURES


               Structural measures considered for reducing flood damages
         includes the following:


               Stormwater Retention Basins
               Channel modification
               Levees
               Channel Diversion
               Pump Station(s)


               These measures would also address other planning
         objectives. Nonstructural measures considered included:


               Floodplain Management
               Raise Structures in Place
               Build Small Earthen Levees or Floodwalls
               Ring Levees around Selected Subdivisions
               Flood Forecasting and Warning
               Removal of Structures from Floodplain



         PLAN FORMULATION RATIONALE


               The Water Resources Council Principles and Guidelines
         require various alternative plans be formulated in a systematic
         manner to ensure that all reasonable alternatives are
         evaluated. Each alternative is to be formulated in
         consideration of four criteria: completeness, effectiveness,
         efficiency, and acceptability. Completeness i-s the extent to
         which a given alternative plan provides for all necessary
         investments or other actions to ensure the realization of the
         planned effects. Effectiveness is the extent to which an
         alternative plan alleviates the specified problems and achieves
         the specified opportunities. Efficiency is the extent to which
         an alternative plan is the most cost-effective means of
         alleviating the specified problems and realizing the specified
         opportunities, consistent with protecting the Nation's
         environment. Acceptability is the workability and viability of
         the alternative plan with respect for acceptance by state and


                                        67










                local entities and the public, and compatibility with existing
                laws, regulations, and public policies. In addition,
                mitigation of adverse effects is to be an integral part of each
                plan. In general, when formulating alternative plans, an
                effort is made to include only increments that increase the
                net NED benefits on a first- and last-added basis.


                     Plan formulation for the East Baton Rouge Parish study was
                an iterating and dynamic process. Initial plans formulated
                were based on the results obtained in the Initial Evaluation
                Report published in November 1984, previous Corps and state
                studies, and the East Baton Rouge Parish Department of Public
                Works Drainage Plan contain in the capital outlay budget and
                the Horizon Plan. Alternative plans were formulated watershed
                by watershed because the hydrology, for all practical purposes,
                is independent and would not be influenced from watershed to
                another. The Plan Formulation process is described in
                subsequent paragraphs watershed by watershed.


                     The Comite River Diversion Plan was not considered in the
                evaluation of initial alternatives. The Diversion Plan's
                effect was considered in the final analysis of the Tentatively
                Selected Plan. From this analysis, it was determined that this
                project does not significantly affect the plan formulation in
                any watershed. Stage lowerings will be realized in each
                watershed's lower most reaches from the Diversion. This only
                affects backwater flooding which, for all practical purposes,
                does not affect the anticipated performance of the Tentatively
                Selected Plan.
























                                               68













          BLACKWATER BAYOU


               The Blackwater Bayou Watershed is located north of the
          City of Baton Rouge. See Plate 2. Blackwater Bayou is a
          tributary of the Comite River. Major tributaries of Blackwater
          Bayou include Blackwater Bayou Tributaries #1 and #2. This
          watershed encompasses about 15 square miles.


               Land use in the watershed is mostly agricultural and
          forest with urban lands making up 31 percent of the watershed.
          Land use maps for 1972 and 1985 are shown on Plates 2 and 3 of
          Appendix J. There are approximately 1,223 residential and
          commercial structures located within all flood zones in the
          watershed. The distribution of structures within the various
          floodplains is shown in Table 23. The approximate 10-year
          floodplain boundary is shown on Plate 5. Calculated without
          project equivalent annual flood damages for all subbasins in
          tKi's watershed are listed in Table 24. Methodology used in
          calculating these values can be found in the Economics
          Appendix H.


               Flooding in this watershed is primarily headwater in
          nature. Some backwater problems occur, but only in close
          proximity to the bayou's confluence with the Comite River.
          Backwater flooding is not a significant factor in this
          watershed. Interbasin flow from the Comite River occurs for
          flooding events above the 25-year events. Flood events above
          the 25-year event are predominantly Comite River flows and were
          addressed by the Comite River Diversion project.



          POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD DAMAGES


          Structural Measures


          Detention/Retention Storage

               Due to the lack of topographical relief in this watershed,
          detention/retention storage basins were determined to be
          impractical. Required basin containment structures, primarily
          earthen levees, in conjunction with land requirements would be
          excessive in order to achieve significant flow retention.



                                        69












                                                                                       TABLE 23


                                                  BLACKVULTER BAYOU - DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES
                                                                     WITHIN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS




                                BASIN       STRUCTURE          0-10        10-25      25-50       50-100       100-SW     ABOVE 500         ALL FLOOD
                                NO.         CATEGORY           YEAR        YEAR       YEAR        YEAR         YEAR       YEAR              ZONES


                                            BASIN NANE: BLACKWATER BAYOU
                                            WTMOUT PROJECT


                                13          I-STORY            198         72          332        182          62         110                 956
                                            2-STORY            24          3            9           7          2            5                 so
                                            MOBILE HOME        4           5           21           9          21         101                 161
                                            COMMERCIAL         10          5            18          10         4            9                 56
                                            TOTAL              236         as          380        208          89         225               1=


                                Source: U.S. Army Corps of En&uwrs, New Orleans District




                                                                                       TABLE 24


                                                                               BLACKMATER BAYOU
                                     CALCULATED WITHOUT PROJECT EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DAMAGES


                                BASIN                                   REACH                         EQUIVALENT ANNUAL DAMAGES
                                                                                                      WITHOUT PROJECT*


                                13                                      A                                        $    294,000
                                                                        B                                        $    284,000
                                                                        C                                        $    168,000
                                                                        D                                        $    301,000
                                                                        E                                        $       23,000
                                                                        F                                        $3,4921000
                                                                        G                                        $ 478,000
                                                                        H                                        $       13,000
                                                                        I                                        $    523,000
                                                                        TOTAL                                    $5,581,000


                                     2nd QUARTER 1994 PRICE                        LEVELS



                                Source: U.S. Army Corps                           of Engineers, New Orleans District



                                                                                             70













          Channel Modifications


               Channel improvements to the main stem and the large
          tributary of Blackwater Bayou were determined to be practical
          options and were investigated.


               Hydrologic models indicate that inter-basin flow from the
          Comite River occurs for floods in excess of the 25-year event.
          It was therefore determined that channel modifications for
          Blackwater Bayou for larger flood events would be either
          ineffective and/or cost-prohibitive. Analysis was therefore
          limited to 25-year and 10-year channel designs, as well as a
          minimum scheme consisting of clearing and snagging the   entire
          channel and tributaries. Alternative combinations that include
          or exclude both tributaries were considered for this analysis.


               Hydraulic modelling and channel designs were performed to
          determine required channel modifications. Relocation of major
          channel obstructions (bridges and culverts) were also
          identified.


               Although the presence of sands in some locations may
          necessitate some degree of erosion protection, general
          conditions in this watershed allow earthen channel design. The
          benefits of a concrete-lined channel were also considered and
          evaluated in these alternative plans.


               A summary of initial structural alternative plans for
          Blackwater Bayou are shown in Table 25. Detailed alternative
          plan descriptions are listed in Table 26. Alternative plans
          are shown on Plates 11 through 15.


               It was determined that the environmental-impacts of
          channel modification alternative plans would generally be
          limited to the destruction of some bottomland hardwood
          forestation that occurs along the channel banks. These impacts
          can be readily mitigated by equivalent reforestation of
          existing cleared lands or by protecting equivalent areas of
          existing forested lands.

               Existing disposal areas were investigated to avoid the
          adverse environmental impact. The East Baton Rouge Parish of
          Public Works identified the parish landfill as the place to


                                         71










               haul excavated material. Therefore, the initial cost estimates
               were developed assuming that excavated material would be hauled
               to this location. See Plate 51.




               Nonstructural Measures


                    Nonstructural solutions for the Blackwater Bayou area
               include elevating or floodproofing structures, ring levees
               around selected subdivisionsf buy-out and relocation of
               structures subject to repetitive flooding. The majority (est.
               75 percent) of existing residential and commercial structures
               in the area are constructed on slab foundation. Subdivisions
               in this watershed are not densely congested and are spaciously
               developed. Ring levees around selected subdivisions could be
               economically favorable. Buy-out and relocation were evaluated
               in conjunction with other floodproofing techniques.
               Preliminary cost data indicated the cost per (flooded)
               structure for nonstructural alternatives were significantly
               higher than the cost per structure for channel modification
               plans. No nonstructural alternatives were, therefore,
               identified for analysis in the initial alternatives for the
               watershed.


































                                              72














                                         TABLE 25


                BLACKW&TER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLAN SUMMARY


          ALTERNATIVE PLAN               DESCRIPTION


          BW-Pl                10-Year Earthen Channel
                               Without Tributaries


          BW-P2                10-Year Earthen Channel
                               With Tributary #1


          BW-P3                25-Year Earthen Channel
                               Without Tributaries


          BW-P4                25-Year Earthen Channel
                               With Tributary #1


          BW-P5                10-Year Concrete-Lined Channel
                               Without Tributaries


          BW-P6                10-Year Concrete-Lined Channel
                               With Tributary #1

          BW-P7                Minimum Clearing and Snagging
                               of Main Channel and Tributary #1


                               No Action


          Source: U.S. Army   Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District
















                                         73













                                                     TABLE 26


                                          R BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS


                   PLAN CHANNEL             BOTTOM WIDTH       LOCATION



                   BW-P1 Blackwater Bayou                      Improvements from Mouth to
                                                               Greenwell Springs Road. 10-year
                                                               earthen channel design.
                                            varies             Mouth to Hooper Road
                                            351BW              Hooper Road to Old Settlement
                                                               Road
                                            improve bridge     Blackwater Road (lengthen 50 ft)
                                            remove bridge      Abandoned bridge at Crumholt Road
                                                               (remove)
                                            improve  bridge    Crumholt Road (lengthen 112 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Carey Road (lengthen 50 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Dyer Road (lengthen 35 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Blackwater Road (lengthen 45 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    McCullough Road (lengthen 35 ft)
                                            151BW              Old Settlement Road to Greenwell
                                                               Springs Road
                                            improve culvert    Greenwell Springs Road (clean
                                                               existing culvert)
                          Tributary #1                         No Work
                          Tributary #2                         No Work

                   BW-P2  Blackwater Bayou                     Improvements from Mouth to
                                                               Greenwell Springs Road. 10-year
                                                               earthen channel design
                                            varies             Mouth to Hooper Road
                                            351BW              Hooper Road to Old Settlement
                                                               Road
                                            improve bridge     Blackwater Road (lengthen 50 ft)
                                            remove bridge      Abandoned bridge at Crumholt Road
                                                               (remove)
                                            improve  bridge    Crumholt Road (lengthen 112 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Carey Road (lengthen 50 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Dyer Road (lengthen 35 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Blackwater Road (lengthen 45 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    McCullough Road (lengthen 35 ft)
                                            151BW              Old Settlement Road to Greenwell
                                                               Springs Road
                                            improve  culvert   Greenwell Springs Road (clean
                                                               existing culvert)
                          Tributary #1      5r BW              Mouth to McCullough Road
                                            improve bridge     Core Lane (lengthen 16 ft)
                          Tributary #2                         No Work




                                                         74














                                         TABLE 26 (CONTINUED)


                            SLAC3=TER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS


            PLAN CHANNEL             BOTTOM WIDTH       LOCATION



            BW-P3 Blackwater Bayou                      Improvements from Mouth to
                                                        Greenwell Springs Road. 25-year
                                                        earthen channel design
                                     701BW              Mouth to Hooper Road
                                     501BW              Hooper Road to Dyer Road
                                     improve bridge     Blackwater Road (lengthen 65 ft)
                                     remove bridge      Abandoned bridge at Crumholt Road
                                                        (remove)
                                     improve bridge     Crumholt Road (lengthen 127 ft)
                                     improve bridge     Carey Road (lengthen 65 ft)
                                     improve bridge     Dyer Road (lengthen 35 ft)
                                     351BW              Dyer Road to Old Settlement Road
                                     improve bridge     Blackwater Road (lengthen 45 ft)
                                     improve bridge     McCullough Road (lengthen 35 ft)
                                     151BW              Old Settlement Road to Greenwell
                                                        Springs Road
                                     improve culvert    Greenwell Springs Road (clean
                                                        existing culvert)
                  Tributary #1                          No Work
                  Tributary #2                          No Work

            BW-P4 Blackwater Bayou                      Improvements from Mouth to
                                                        Greenwell Springs Road. 25-year
                                                        earthen channel design
                                     701BW              Mouth to Hooper Road
                                     501BW              Hooper Road to Dyer Road
                                     improve bridge     Blackwater Road (lengthen 65 ft)
                                     remove bridge      Abandoned bridge at Crumholt Road
                                                        (remove)
                                     improve bridge     Crumholt Road (lengthen 127 ft)
                                     improve bridge     Carey Road (lengthen 65 ft)
                                     improve bridge     Dyer Road aengthen 35 ft)
                                     351BW              Dyer Road to Old Settlement Road
                                     improve bridge     Blackwater Road (lengthen 45 ft)
                                     improve bridge     McCullough Road (lengthen 35 ft)
                                     151BW              Old Settlement Road to Greenwell
                                                        Springs Road
                                     improve culvert    Greenwell Springs Road (clean
                                                        existing culvert)
                  Tributary #1       51BW               Mouth to McCullough Road
                                     improve bridge     Core Lane (lengthen 16 ft)
                  Tributary #2                          Mo Work




                                                  75













                                                TABLE 26 (CONTZNM)


                                   1BLACKNATER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS


                   PLAN CHANNEL             BOTTOM WIDTH       LOCATION



                   BW-P5 Blackwater Bayou                      Improvements from Mouth to
                                                               Greenwell Springs Road. 10-year
                                                               channel design (concrete lined)
                                            varies             Mouth to Hooper Road (earthen
                                                               channel) 3.5:1 ss
                                            varies             Hooper Road to Old Settlement
                                                               Road
                                            improve bridge     Blackwater Road (lengthen 15 ft)
                                            remove bridge      Abandoned bridge at Crumholt Road
                                                               (remove)
                                            improve  bridge    Crumholt Road (lengthen 68 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Carey Road (lengthen 10 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Dyer Road (lengthen 10 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Blackwater Road (lengthen 10 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    McCullough Road (lengthen 10-ft)
                                            51BW               Old Settlement Road to Greenwell
                                                               Springs Road
                                            improve culvert    Greenwell Springs Road (clean
                                                               existing culvert)
                          Tributary #1                         No Work
                          Tributary #2                         No Work


                   BW-P6  Blackwater Bayou                     Improvements from Mouth to
                                                               Greenwell Springs Road. 10-year
                                                               channel design (concrete lined)
                                            varies             Mouth to Hooper Road (earthen
                                                               channel) 3.5:1 ss
                                            varies             Hooper Road to Old Settlement
                                                               Road
                                            improve bridge     Blackwater Road (lengthen 15 ft)
                                            remove bridge      Abandoned bridge-at Crumholt Road
                                                               (remove)
                                            improve  bridge    Crumholt Road (lengthen 68 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Carey Road (lengthen 10 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Dyer Road (lengthen 10 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    Blackwater Road (lengthen 10 ft)
                                            improve  bridge    McCullough Road (lengthen 10 ft)
                                            51BW               Old Settlement Road to Greenwell
                                                               Springs Road
                                            improve  culvert   Greenwell Springs-Road (clean
                                                               existing culvert)
                          Tributary #1      51BW               Mouth to McCullough Road
                                            improve bridge     Core Lane (lengthen 16 ft)
                          Tributary #2                         No Work

                                                         76












                                          TABLE 26 (CONTINUED)


                             BLACXKATER BAYOU     INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS


            PLAN CHANNEL              BOTT014 WIDTH      LOCATION



                                      improve culvert    Private Road (replace 41 circular
                                                         culvert with three 101 x 6')


            BW-P7                     N/A                Minimal channel modification
                   Blackwater Bayou                      Mouth to Greenwell Springs Road
                                                         Clear and snag
                   Tributary #1                          Mouth to McCullough Road - Clear
                                                         and snag
                   Tributary #2                          No Work




            NOTE: All earthen channel design embankment slopes 3.5 H : 1.0 V; All
                   concrete design-zlopes 3.0 H : 1.0 V



            Source: U.S. Amy Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District


            Screening of Initial Alternative Plans


                   Project costs, benefits, and potential adverse
            environmental impacts were used as the screening mechanisms. In
            this iteration, only major cost items - construction,
            relocations, real estate, and annual operations and maintenance
            were developed. Benefits calculated in this part of the
            analyses were "direct" property inundation flood damage
            reductions plus an estimated percentage (20%) of "indirect"
            flood damage reduction benefits. "Indirect" items include
            such items as public agency emergency costs,.,f-lood insurance
            reductions, and lower construction costs within the floodplain.

                   Cost-benefit calculations for each alternative plan are
            shown in Table 27. A period of 50 years and an annual interest
            rate of 8.00% were used to calculate equivalent annual values.
            Costs and benefits shown are all relative to the base condition
            or "No Action" Plan. No mitigation cost was considered in the
            initial screening. However, methods to avoid adverse
            environmental impacts and mitigation measures were considered
            in plan formulation. It should be noted that costs and


                                                    77










                       benefits-@were not calculated for Plan BW-P7, minimal clearing
                       and snagging of the main channel and tributaries. Initial
                       hydraulic analysis indicated that only minimal stage lowerings
                       could be achieved and that flood reduction benefits would be
                       minimal. No further analysis was done on this plan since it
                       was determined that it would not be a comprehensive solution to
                       flood damage in this watershed.



                                                                 TABIR 27


                                                             BLACKBOLTER BAYOU
                                            ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INITIAL ALTZF4WIVE PIJWS



                       PLAN         FIRST              ANNUAL           INUNDATION         NET             B/C
                                     COST             COSTS             REDUCTION           BENEFITS       RATIO
                                                                        BENEFITS



                       BW_Pl      $7,141,000         $637,000             $683,000            $46,000      1.07


                       BW-P2      $9,130,000         $821,000          $3,306,000         $2,485,000       4.03

                       BW-P3    $10,336,000          $908,000             $828,000          ($80,000)      0.91

                       BW-P4    $12,195,000       $1,081,000           $3,465,000         $2,384,000       3.21

                       BW-P5    $19,405,000       $1,714,000              $694,000       ($1,020,000)      0.40

                       BW-P6    $30,750,000       $2,732,000           $3,986,000         $1,254,000       1.46

                       BW-P7    N/A               N/A                   N/A             N/A                N/A


                       Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District



                               The cost-benefit calculations revealed that four of the
                       six plans have higher benefits relative to their costs. Both
                       the 10-year and 25-year channel modification plans, that
                       include Tributary, No. 1 have net benefits that are
                       significantly higher than all other alternative plans. In
                       addition to these two plans, only Plan BW-P6, concrete lined
                       channel and Tributary, No. 1 had significant net benefits
                       relative to base conditions. Net benefits for this plan were
                       determined to be significantly less than the two earthen
                       channel options. Since this concrete lined channel plan is
                       significantly more costly, it was not considered further.




                                                                      78











          Analysis of Final Alternative Plans


              Plans selected for final analyses are: BW-P2, 10-year
          earthen channel modification with Tributary No.1; BW-P4, 25-
          year earthen channel modification with Tributary No.1; and No
          Action. Since no alteration was made to either plan, details
          shown in the Initial Alternative Plans are the same. Final
          alternative plans were evaluated relative to National Economic
          Development, Environmental Quality, Regional Economic
          Development, and Social-Effects. A summary of this analyses is
          shown in Table 28.


          National Economic Development (NED)

               In the final analyses, environmental mitigation costs were
          included in each alternative plants cost. It should be noted
          that the mitigation plan combines all mitigation requirements
          from all watersheds. Consolidating mitigation sites was
          determined to be far more practical than establishing
          individual mitigation sites for each watershed in the study
          area. Costs were prorated to each watershed based on  the
          amount of the alternative plan woodland habitat losses. A
          complete description of the mitigation plan and analysis can be
          found in Appendix E, Section 1.

              Alternative plan benefits and costs are listed in
          Table 28. As in the initial screening, a period of 50 years
          and 8.00% annual interest were used. Alternative Plan BW-P2,
          the 10-year earthen channel, has the highest estimated net
          annual benefits of $2,419,000. This is just slightly higher
          than the $2,270,000 per year net benefits estimated for Plan
          BW-P4, the 25-year earthen channel. Both plans obviously have
          significant net economic benefits relative to No Action.
          Relative to each other, the estimated difference is very small
          and probably well within uncertainty and error margins, Plan
          BW-P2 does, however, have a significantly lower total first
          cost of $9,838fOOO relative to the $13,409,000 for Plan BW-P4.
          This difference makes the 10-year earthen channel plan
          preferable relative to NED criteria.







                                        79























                                                                                        TABLE 28
                                                          BLACKWATER BAYOU FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS



                       ITEM                                    BW-P2                                   BW-P4                                   NO ACTION
                                                               (TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN)



                       PLAN DESCRIPTION                        10-YEAR EARTHEN CHANNEL                 25-YEAR EARTHEN CHANNEL
                                                               WITH TRIBUTARY #1                       WITH TRIBUTARY #1
                                                                                                       #1 AND #2


                       NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT


                       A.  PROJECT FIRST COST                            $9,838,000                    $13,409,000                             $0

                       B.  O&M COST                                         $51,000                         $56,000                            $0

                       C.  TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS                      $887,000                    $ 1,195,000                             $0

                       D.  TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS                 $3,306,000                    $ 3,465,000                             $0

                       E.  NET ANNUAL BENEFITS                           $2,419,000                    $ 2,270,000                             $0

                       F.  BENEFIT-COST RATIO                            3.70                            2.90                                  N/A


                       ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY                                                                                                      I

                       A. AGRICULTURAL LANDS                   127 ACRES DIRECTLY IMPACTED             217 ACRES DIRECTLY IMPACTED             SOME ADVERSE
                                                               BY FOREST REPLANTING                    BY FOREST REPLANTING                    IMPACT DUE TO
                                                                                                                                               RECURRING FLOODING


                       B. FORESTLANDS                          77 ACRES AFFECTED BY PROJECT;           141 ACRES AFFECTED BY PROJECT;          MINISCULE REDUCTION
                                                               127 ACRES WOULD BE CREATED              217 ACRES WOULD BE CREATED
                                                               VIA MITIGATION                          VIA MITIGATION


                       C. THREATENED AND ENDANGERED            NONE AFFECTED                           NONE AFFECTED                           NONE AFFECTED
                           SPECIES


                       D. AQUATIC RESOURCES AND WATER          SHORT-TERM ADVERSE IMPACT               (SAME AS BW-P2)                         NO IMPACT
                           QUALITY                             DURING CONSTRUCTION;
                                                               LONG-TERM EFFECTS MINOR
















                                                                                TABLE 28 (CONTINUED)
                                                        BLFLCKWATER 33AYOU FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEM



                     ITEM                                            BW-P2 (TSP)                            BW-P4                   NO ACTION



                     E. SEDIMENTATION                                PROJECT WILL REDUCE STREAMBANK         (SAME AS BW-P2;         NO IMPACT
                                                                     EROSION; LARGER CHANNEL WILL           SLIGHTLY WORSE)
                                                                     INCREASE DEPOSITION


                     F. AIR QUALITY                                  MINOR SHORT-TERM IMPACTS               (SAME AS BW-P2)         NO IMPACT
                                                                     DURING CONSTRUCTION


                     G. NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES         NO IMPACT                              NO IMPACT               NO IMPACT

                     H. CULTURAL PROPERTIES                          THREE SITES ARE KNOWN TO OR            (SAME AS BW-P2)         NO IMPACT
                                                                     PROBABLY EXIST IN PROJECT AREA.
                                                                     MODERATE CHANCE OF UNCOVERING
                                                                     UNKNOWN SITES. EFFORT TO IDENTIFY
                                                                     SITES WILL BE MADE AND WORK CAN BE
                                                                     DESIGNED TO AVOID ANY SIGNIFICANT
                                                                     SITES.


             IV.     REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

                     A. REGIONAL INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT               IMPROVED VALUE WILL LIKELY             (SAME AS BW-P20'-       INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE
                                                                     FACILITATE URBAN GROWTH                SLIGHTLY BETTER)        REDUCED DUE TO RECURRING
                                                                                                                                    FLOODING


                     B. REGIONAL GROWTH AND BUSINESS ACTIVITY        INCREASED EMPLOYMENT FOR               (SAME AS BW-P2;         INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE
                                                                     CONSTRUCTION; BETTER ECONOMIC          SLIGHTLY BETTER)        REDUCED DUE TO RECURRING
                                                                     CLIMATE DUE TO REDUCTION IN                                    FLOODING
                                                                     FLOOD THREAT
                     C. TAX @EVENUE                                  IMPROVED FLOOD PROTECTION WILL         (SAME AS BW-P2;         INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE
                                                                     STABILIZE TAX BASE                     SLIGHTLY BETTER)        REDUCED DUE TO RECURRING
                                                                                                                                    FLOODING


                     D. PROPERTY VALUE                               IMPROVED FLOOD PROTECTION WILL         (SAME AS BW-P2;         PROPERTY VALUES MAY
                                                                     LIKELY STABILIZE OR RAISE              SLIGHTLY BETTER)        DECLINE DUE TO RECURRING
                                                                     PROPERTY VALUES                                                FLOODING






                                                                                         81





















                                                                                        TABLE 28 (CONTINUED)
                                                               BLACKWATER BAYOU FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARRTIVE ITEMS

                        ITEM                                        BW-P2 (TSP)                                BW-P4                              NO ACTION



               V.       SOCIAL EFFECTS


                        A. URBAN AND COMMUNITY IMPACTS              POSITIVE IMPACTS DUE TO IMPROVED           (SAME AS BW-P2;                    ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                    FLOOD PROTECTION                           SLIGHTLY  BETTER)                  FLOOD THREAT

                        B. LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY                 THREAT TO LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY         (SAME AS  BW-P2;                   RECURRING FLOODS THREATEN
                                                                    REDUCED                                    SLIGHTLY  BETTER)                  LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY

                        C.   DISPLACEMENT                           SOME TAKING OF UNIMPROVED                  (SAME AS  BW-P2)                   NO IMPACT
                                                                    PRIVATE PROPERTY (260 acres)

                        D.   LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY                 POSITIVE IMPACT DUE TO REDUCED             (SAME AS  BW-P2;                   ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                    FLOOD THREAT                               SLIGHTLY  BETTER)                  FLOOD THREAT


                        E.   LEISURE                                NO IMPACT                                  NO IMPACT                          NO IMPACT


                        F.   AESTHETIC                              SOME ADVERSE IMPACT BY REMOVING            (SAME AS  BW-P2)                   NO IMPACT
                                                                    TREES FROM CHANNELS; MITIGATED
                                                                    WITH REPLANTED TREE LINE


                        G.   COMMUNITY  COHESION                    PRESERVED DUE TO REDUCED FLOOD             (SAME AS  BW-P2;                   ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                    THREAT                                     SLIGHTLY  BETTER)                  FLOOD THREAT

                        H.   COMMUNITY  GROWTH                      POSITIVE IMPACT DUE TO REDUCED             (SAME AS  BW-P2;                   ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                    FLOOD THREAT                               SLIGHTLY  BETTER)                  FLOOD THREAT

                        1.   TRANSPORTATION                         MINOR DISRUPTION DURING                    (SAME AS  BW-P2;                   SOME ADVERSE IMPACTS
                                                                    CONSTRUCTION; IMPROVED SITUATION           SLIGHTLY  BETTER)                  DURING FLOOD EVENTS
                                                                    BY REDUCING FLOODING


                        J.   NOISE.                                 MINOR INCREASE IN NOISE DURING             (SAME AS  BW-P2)                   NO IMPACT
                                                                    CONSTRUCTION


                        K.   QUALITY OF LIFE                        REDUCED FLOODING WILL                      (SAME AS  BW-P2;                   ADVERSE IMPACTS FOR THOSE
                                                                    SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVE THE                  SLIGHTLY  BETTER)                  AFFECTED BY FLOODING
                                                                    QUALITY OF LIFE FOR THOSE    AFFECTED



               SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT











          Environmental Quality


               Impacts on the following environmental factors were
          evaluated for each final alternative plan:


               -  Agricultural Lands
               -  Forestlands
               -  Threatened and Endangered Species
               -  Aquatic Resources and Water Quality
               -  Sedimentation
                  Air Quality
               -  Historic Places
               -  Cultural Properties

          Detailed analyses of these factors can be found in the
          Environmental Impact Statement and in Appendix E. Impacts are
          listed in summary in Table 28.


               The only significant and long-lasting environmental
          impacts produced by the final alternative plans affect
          agricultural lands, forestlands, and floodplains. Both
          Alternative Plans BW-P2 and BW-P4 directly impact forestlands,
          77 acres and 141 acres, respectively. This in turn indirectly
          impacts less significant agricultural lands as they are
          proposed to be converted to forestlands as mitigation for same.
          Plan BW-P2 will require 129 acres and Plan BW-P4 217 acres for
          reforestation mitigation. The loss of these agricultural land
          acres is not considered to be significant for this area. Flood
          stage lowerings associated with Plans BW-P2 and BW-P4 reduce
          the size of the 100-year floodplain.


               Relative to each other, Alternative Plans BW-P2, the 10-
          year earthen channel, impacts significantly le-ss agricultural
          and floodplain acres than does Plan BW-P4, the 25-year earthen
          channel. Therefore, next to No Action, Alternative Plan BW-P2
          is the preferable alternative from an environmental quality
          standpoint.


          Regional Economic Development

               Reducing flood damage frequency and cost will improve
          economic growth, employment, property valuation, and tax
          revenue in the region. Conversely, allowing flooding to


                                        83










                continue to occur could likely result in decreasing same.
                Direct economic benefits to existing property is included in.
                the NED estimates above. Induced economic benefits are
                speculative to a large degree and are not calculated directly
                into the benefit-cost analysis. These items are addressed in
                the Economics Appendix H and are listed in summary in Table 28.

                     Both Plans BW-P2 and BW-P4 will significantly reduce
                flooding frequency and cost and therefore are far preferable to
                No Action given economic development considerations. Relative
                to each other, construction of the 25-year earthen channel
                alternative plan, BW-P4, will result in less frequent flooding
                and lower flood damages versus BW-P2, the 10-year plan.


                Social Effects


                     Social effects considered in evaluating each alternative
                plan are listed in Table 28. Health, safety, and the quality
                of community life will obviously be significantly improved by
                both channel modification plans. Homes and businesses would be
                flooded less frequently. While no homes or businesses will be
                displaced, construction of either channel modification plan
                will, however, require the permanent taking of some private
                property. It was estimated that 260 acres of land are required
                for proposed channel enlargements for both BW-P2 and BW-P4.
                Almost all of the property required to be taken is either
                agricultural, pasture, rural, or vacant. This property loss
                will be a significant impact to the specific owners.
                Additionally, some minor traffic disruptions will occur in both
                plans in association with required bridge relocations.

                     Relative to No Action, the beneficial social impacts of
                both channel modification plans appear to far outweigh their
                adverse effects. The higher level of flood reduction
                associated with Plan BW-P4 appears to outweigh its higher real
                estate requirements relative to BW-P2. Therefore, the 25-year
                earthen channel, BW-P4, is preferable in this category.


                Trade-Off Analyses and Plan Selection


                     The economic and social benefits of both channel
                modification alternative plans are far more significant than
                the slight environmental quality advantage of No Action.


                                               84










          Relative to each other, Alternative Plan BW-P2, 10-year earthen
          channel modifications, has an advantage in NED and
          environmental quality categories while Plan BW-P4 has some
          relative advantages concerning regional economic development
          and, to a lesser extent, social effects.


               There is no question that both channel modification plans
          would significantly reduce flooding in the watershed and will
          have significant positive net benefits. There is therefore no
          apparent risk of non-performance of either plan. There are,
          however, uncertainties associated with project costs and flood
         .reduction damage estimates. Calculated flood stage-
          frequencies, structure and content valuation, and project
          construction costs are sensitive to a wide range of variables
          considered in this evaluation. While these uncertainties were
          not quantified, it is obvious that the relative advantage in
          net economic benefits is smaller than the range of uncertainty.
          The uncertainty range will, for the most part, affect each
          alternative plan in a similar way. That is to say, that any
          significant change in variables that results in changing net
          values in one plan will almost certainly affect the other in
          the same fashion, but perhaps with a slightly greater or lesser
          magnitude.


               Within the range of uncertainty and in consideration of
          all factors, there is very little net difference between Plans
          BW-P2 and BW-P4. Independent of uncertainties is the
          significant relative first cost advantage of Alternative Plan
          BW-P2. Based on the above, the 10-year earthen channel
          modification plan, Alternative Plan BW-P2, is the preferred
          structural alternative for this watershed.


               Due to the presence of sandy soils in the-area, the
          possibility exists that some erosion control measures will be
          needed on portions of any proposed channel enlargement. A
          system of geosynthetic fabric and rock would be proposed for
        .these reaches. It is estimated that such a system would be
          rather costly at approximately $800,000 per mile of channel.

               Should erosion control measures be required, up to
          $10 million of cost could be added to any of the above
          considered channel modification plans. Relative to each other,
          there would be no net difference and plan BW-P2 would still be


                                        85







                      4W


                the preferred plan. with erosion control measures on its
                entire length, this plan would still generate net benefits of
                approximately $1,500,000 per year and have a benefit to cost
                ratio of 1.4 to 1. Added costs of this magnitude would,
                however, make the economics of selected nonstructural measures
                comparable to this plan.


                Comparison to Selected Nonstructural Measures


                     With the inclusion of proposed erosion control measures
                for the entire channel length, the preferred channel
                modification plan for this watershed exhibits a relatively high
                cost per structure in the affected floodplains. For this
                reason, selected nonstructural alternatives were revisited and
                evaluated-in further detail.


                     Elevating residential structures in combination with
                constructing earthen ring levees around individual commercial
                structures was determined to be both the most practical and
                comprehensive nonstructural options for this watershed. While
                it may not be possible to elevate all residential structures,
                or ring levee every commercial structure, for the purposes of
                this analysis it was assumed that this could be accomplished
                for all affected structures.


                     Two options, elevating residential structures and
                installing ring levees around commercial structures in the 10-
                year and 25-year floodplains were evaluated. In both cases,
                structures would be elevated or protected up to the 100-year
                flood elevation plus one foot. (This elevation is consistent
                with the parish's ordinance on new construction).


                     Structures in the 10 and 25-year floodplains were
                identified and the required height of elevation or levee
                protection for eachwas calculated. Structures were grouped by
                this requirement and, for residential, by construction type
                (pier or slab). Table 29 and 30 list these structure groupings
                for the 10- and 25-year floodplains. Costs for these
                alternatives were determined from generalized estimates of
                elevating an average size house (1,750 square feet), given the
                height of raising and the type of construction. Ring levee
                costs were also based on a generalized approach of considering
                a 400-foot long levee around each commercial structure.


                                              86










          Tables 31 and 32, respectively, illustrate these costs for
          residential structure raising and ring levee construction.

               The cost of elevating/protecting all residential and
          commercial structures in the 10-year floodplain is estimated at
          $11,500,000. This cost includes added contract administration
          (10%) and contingencies (20%). Implementation of
          elevating/protecting over 200 structures would take a
          relatively long period of time, an estimated 4 years. Thus,
          the estimated total gross investment cost of this plan
          (includes interest lost during construction) is $13,463,000.
          The estimated first and gross investment costs for
          elevating/protecting approximately 240 structures in the 25-
          year floodplain are $13,750,00 and $16,097,000, respectively.


               Flood damage reduction benefits were calculated for both
          the 10-year and 25-year floodplain structure
          elevation/protection plans. In both cases, flood damage
          reductions would be quite extensive. For the 10-year plan
          approximately 77%, or $3,373,000 per year, of all flood damages
          would be eliminated in the entire watershed. This value
          increases to 83%, or $3,616,000 per year, for the 25-year
          nonstructural plan.

               At 8 percent interest rate over a 50-year period, the net
          economic benefits for the 10-year plan are estimated at
          $2,272,000 per year with a benefit-to-cost ration of 3.1 to 1.
          Estimates net economic benefits for the 25-year plan are
          estimated at $2,300,000 per year with a benefit to cost ratio
          of 2.7 to 1. Based on this analysis, elevating/protecting all
          structures in either the 10 or 25-year floodplain yield
          virtually the same net benefits.


               In comparison to the preferred channel modification plan,
          including maximum erosion control costs, either nonstructural
          plan has higher calculated net economic benefits. Several
          important factors, however, do not make thess plans preferable
          to the channel modification plan. First, the maximum cost of
          the channel modification plan includes erosion control measures
          for the proposed entire 13-mile length of project. While it
          will not be determined until extensive soil borings are taken
          during preconstruction design, it is expected that these
          measures will not be needed for a large portion of the project


                                        87










                area. If only 50 percent of the erosion control items are
                needed, the first cost of this plan will be reduced by
                approximately 5 million dollars. This expected first cost
                reduction, if realized, increases this plan's net economic
                benefits to a level comparable to the nonstructural plan. The
                net economic benefits are probably higher for the channel
                modification plan because an idealized situation was assumed
                for the nonstructural plan. It was assumed that all structures
                in the floodplain could be elevated or ring levee provided. If
                a structure by structure analysis would be conducted, some
                structures would not be suitable for nonstructural measures.
                Many structures may not withstand raising nor may have the
                physical space for a ring levee or floodwall.


                     Based on the above, there appears to be an overall
                relative advantage to the 10-year channel modification plan
                versus nonstructural measures. This plan was, therefore,
                chosen as the tentatively selected plan for this watershed.































                                               88













                                       TABIZ 2 9


                 BLACICHATER BAYOU - ESTIMATED NUMBER OF STRUCTURES,
                   TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION AND PAISING REQUIREMENTS
                             FOR THE 10-YEAR FLOODPLAIN




          RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES


          HEIGHT TO BE NUMBER OF ESTIMATED NUMBER OF ESTIMATED NUMBER
          RAISED (FT)* STRUCTURES SLAB STRUCTURES        OF PIER STRUCTURES


          2.5 - 3.5          110             83                   27
          3.5 - 4.5          60              45                   15
          4.5 - 5.5          13              10                   3
          5.5 - 6.5          11               8                   3


             >6.5              2              1                   1


          TOTAL              196            147                   49




          COMMERCIAL STRUCTURES


              REQUIRED RING LEVEE         NUMBER OF
                 HEIGHT (FT)*             STRUCTURES


                   2.5 - 3.5                   1
                   3.5 - 4.5                   2
                   4.5 - 5.5                   1
                   5.5 - 6.5                   1


                      >6.5                     5


                     TOTAL                    10


            REQUIRED TO PROTECT STRUCTURE UP TO THE 100-YEAR FLOOD PLUS
            ONE FOOT.










                                          89












                                             TABLE 30


                       BLACKKATER, BAYOU - ESTIMATED NUMBER OF STRUCTU S,
                          TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION AND RAISING REQUIREMENTS
                                    FOR THE 25-YFJLR FLOODPLAIN




                RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES


                HEIGHT TO BE NUMBER OF ESTIMATED NUMBER OF ESTIMATED NUMBER
                RAISED (FT)* STRUCTURES SLAB STRUCTURES         OF PIER STRUCTURES


                2.5 - 3.5           60             45                    15
                3.5 - 4.5          127             95                    32
                4.5 - 5.5           16             12                     4
                5.5 - 6.5           13             10                     3


                    >6.5            13             10                     3


                TOTAL              229             172                   57




                COMMERCIAL STRUCTURES


                    REQUIRED RING LEVEE          NUMBER OF
                        HEIGHT (FT)*             STRUCTURES


                          2.5 - 3.5                  2
                          3.5 - 4.5                  3
                          4.5 - 5.5                  0
                          5.5 - 6.5                  4


                             >6.5                    5


                            TOTAL                    14




                   REQUIRED TO PROTECT STRUCTURE UP TO THE 100-YEAR FLOOD PLUS
                   ONE FOOT









                                                 90













                                     TABLE 31


                          ESTIMILTED COST PER SQUARE FOOT
                         TO ELEVATE RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES




                                              HEIGHT


          TYPE OF          3 FT          4 FT       5 FT        6FT
          CONSTRUCTION


          SLAB          $27.00/S.F. $29.00/S.F. $31.00/S.F. $33.00/S.F.


          PIER          $15.00/S.F. $16.00/S.F. $17.00/S.F. $18.00/S.F.






































                                         91












                                              TABLE 32


                           ESTIMATED UNIT COST FOR EARTHEN RING LEVEES





                       Height
                   Above Ground                CY/LF                    $/LF


                      1 FT                     0.22                   $ 10.00
                      2 FT                     0.74                   $ 20.00
                      3 FT                     1.56                   $ 35.00
                      4 FT                     2.67                   $ 55.00
                      5 FT                     4.07                   $ 75.00
                      6 FT                     5.78                   $100.00


                 NOTE:  The costs for the ring levees represents the following:


                        a) a levee cross-section with 1 on 4 side slopes
                        b) yardage per foot is in-place measurement
                        c) fill material is truck-hauled @ $75 per truckload
                        d) compaction effort by dozers
                        e) levee surface is sodded



                        The costs exclude the following:


                        a) contingencies
                        b) repairs to concrete drives/sidewalks
                        c) interior drainage and modifications to utilities

















                                                  92













          BEAVER BAYOU


               The Beaver Bayou Watershed is located northeast of the
          City of Baton Rouge (see Plate 2). Beaver Bayou is a tributary
          of the Comite River. major tributaries of Beaver Bayou include
          Beaver Bayou Lateral Tributary and Tributary #2. This
          watershed encompasses about 12 square miles. This watershed
          shares many of the same characteristics as the Blackwater Bayou
          watershed.


               Land use in the watershed is mostly agricultural and
          forest with urban lands making up 36 percent of the watershed.
          Land use maps for 1972 and 1985 are shown on Plates 4 and 5 of
          Appendix J. There are approximately 1,800 residential and
          commercial structures located within all flood zones in the
          watershed. The distribution of structures within the various
          floodplains is shown in Table 33. The approximate 10-year
          floodplain boundary is shown on Plate 5. Calculated without
          project equivalent annual flood damages for all subbasins in
          this watershed are listed in Table 34. Methodology used in
          calculating these values can be found in the Economics
          Appendix H.

               Flooding in this watershed is primarily headwater in
          nature. Some backwater problems occur, but only in close
          proximity to the bayou's confluence with the Comite River.
          Backwater flooding is not a significant factor in this
          watershed.




          POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD DAMAGES


          Structural Measures


          Detention/Retention Storage

               Due to the lack of topographical relief in this area,
          detention/retention storage basins were determined to be
          impractical. Required basin containment structures, primarily
          earthen levees, in conjunction with land requirements would be
          excessive in order to achieve significant flow retention.




                                        93












                                                                      TABLE 33
                                                                   MMVER BAYOU
                                 DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES WITHIN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS




                          BASIN    STRUCTURE 0-10            10-25   25-50     so-lw     100-SW    ABOVIE 500    ALL FLOOD
                          NO.      CATEGORY       YEAR       YEAR    YEAR      YEAR      YEAR      YEAR          ZONES



                                   BASIN NAME- BEAVER BAYOU
                                   WITHOUT PROJECT


                          14       I-STORY        315        72       39       112        69       640           U47
                                   2-STORY        14         2        V          4        4        28               53
                                   MOBELE HONM 9             19       9          9        12       195             252
                                   COMWERCIAL     95         8        2          7        2        133             247
                                   TOTAL          433        101      so       132        87       "6            1,799


                          SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISMCT



                                                                      TABLE 34
                                                                   BEAVER BAYOU
                              CALCULATED WITHOUT PROJECT EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DAMAGES


                          BASIN                            REACH                   EQUIVALENT ANNUAL DAMAGES
                                                                                   WITHOUT      PROJECT*


                          14                               A                               $                0
                                                           B                               $       31f000
                                                           C                               $       23fOOO
                                                           D                               $       29,000
                                                           E                               $     518,000
                                                           F                               $     373,000
                                                           G                               $   2,690,000
                                                           H                               $   4,117,Q00
                                                           I                               $   1,586,000
                                                           i                               $       44,000
                                                           K                               $     354,000
                                                           L                               $     642,000


                                                           TOTAL                           $10,407,,000


                              2ND QUARTER 1994 PRICE               LEVELS


                          SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS                 OF ENGINEERS



                                                                           94













          Channel Modifications


               Channel modification of the main stem of Beaver Bayou was
          determined to be practical and was investigated. Modifications
          to the tributaries were not considered since flow rates are too
          low to qualify for federal flood control participation.


               Because the backwater effects of the Comite River extend
          from the mouth of Beaver Bayou to a point approximately
          2,500 feet downstream of Greenwell Springs Road, channel
          modification in this reach was limited to clearing and
          snagging. In general, the channel modification upstream of
          Greenwell Springs Road was designed to contain headwater flows
          to within banks for the design frequencies. Four levels of
          designs were initially developed for this watershed: the 10-
          year, 25-year, 50-year, and 100-year. Early hydrologic
          investigation indicated that it would not be practical to
          contain the 100-year event within banks. Even with extensive
          channel modifications, the 100-year event would be out of banks
          for the entire stream length and was therefore eliminated from
          further study. In addition, since the 10-year design required
          some channel enlargement, a minimum channel design alternative
          that required only clearing and snagging was analyzed. Right-
          of-way restrictions on Beaver Bayou Lateral from Hooper Road to
          just upstream of Devall Road prevented any earthen channel
          enlargement. As such, this reach was concrete-lined for the
          10-year, 25-year, and 50-year designs.


               Alternative combinations that include or exclude both
          tributaries were established for this analysis.

               Hydraulic modelling and channel designs were performed to
          determine required channel modifications. Rel-ocation of major
          channel obstructions (bridges and culverts) were also
          identified.


               Although the presence of sands in some locations may
          necessitate some degree of erosion protection, general
          conditions in this watershed allow earthen channel design. The
          benefits of a concrete-lined channel were also. considered and
          evaluated in these alternative plans. No initial screening was
          conducted for nonstructural measure. Nonstructural measures




                                        95










               were evaluated against the preferred structural plan (see
               discussion below.


                     A summary of initial study alternative plans for
               Blackwater Bayou are shown in Table 35. Detailed alternative
               plan descriptions are listed in Table 36. Alternative plans
               are shown on Plates 11 through 15.


                     It was determined that the environmental impacts of
               channel modification alternative plans would generally be
               limited to the destruction of some bottomland hardwood
               forestation that occurs along the channel banks. These impacts
               can be readily mitigated by equivalent reforestation of
               existing cleared lands or by protecting equivalent areas of
               existing forested lands.

                     Existing disposal areas were investigated to avoid
               adverse environmental impacts. The East Baton Rouge Parish of
               Public Works identified the parish landfill as the place to
               haul excavated material. Therefore, the initial cost estimates
               were developed assuming that excavated material would be hauled
               to this location. See Plate 51.


               Nonstructural Measures


                     Nonstructural solutions for the Beaver Bayou area include
               elevating or floodproofing structures, ring levees around
               selected subdivisions, buy-out and relocation of structures
               subject to repetitive flooding. The majority (est. 67 percent)
               of existing residential and commercial structures in the area
               are constructed on slab foundation. Subdivisions in this
               watershed are not densely congested and are spaciously
               developed. Ring levees around selected subdivision could be
               economically favorable buy-out relocation were evaluated in
               conjunction with other flood proofing techniques. Preliminary
               cost data indicated the cost per (flooded) structure for
               nonstructural measures were significantly higher than the cost
               per structure associated with channel modification
               alternatives. No nonstructural alternatives were, therefore,
               included in the analysis of initial plans.





                                              96














                                      TABLE 35


                  BEAVER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLAN SUM4ARY


          ALTERNATIVE PLAN          DESCRIPTION


          BBN-Pl              10-Year Earthen Channel Without Tributaries


          BBN-P2              25-Ydar Earthen Channel Without Tributaries


          BBN-P3              50-Year Earthen Channel Without Tributaries


          BBC-P4              10-Year Concrete-Lined Channel Without
                              Tributaries


          BBN-P5              Minimum Clearing and Snagging of the Main
                              Channel


                              No Action



          Source: U.S. Army   Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District

























                                          97













                                                       TABLE 36


                                      BEAVER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS




                    PLAN CRANNEL             BOTTOM WIDTH       LDCATION


                     BBN-P1


                          Beaver Bayou       varies             Improvements from Frenchtown Road
                                                                to Hubbs Road. 10-year earthen
                                                                channel design.
                                             201BW              Frenchtown Road to Greenwell
                                                                Springs Road.
                                             501BW              Greenwell Springs to Wax Road.
                                             improve bridge     Wax Road (lengthen 96 feet).
                                             301BW              Wax Road to Hooper Road.
                                             201BW              Hooper Road to Denham Road.
                                               51BW             Denham Road to Hubbs Road.
                          Lateral Trib.                         No Work.
                          Tributary #2                          No Work.



                     BBN-P2


                          Beaver Bayou                          Improvements from Frenchtown Road
                                                                to Hubbs Road. 25-year earthen
                                                                channel design.
                                             201BW              Frenchtown Road to 23001 d/s
                                                                Greenwell Springs Road.
                                             501BW              23001 d/s Greenwell Springs Road
                                                                to Greenwell Springs Road.
                                             improve bridge     Greenwell Springs Road (lengthen
                                                                90 feet).
                                             501BW              Greenwell Springs to Wax Road.
                                             improve bridge     Wax Road (lengthen 115 feet).
                                             50rBW              Wax Road to Hooper Road.
                                             301BW              Hooper Road to Denham Road.
                                               51BW             Denham Road to Hubbs Road.
                          Lateral Trib.                         No Work.
                          Tributary #2                          No Work.














                                                          98












                                         TABLE 36 (CONTINUED)


                               BEAVER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS




            PLAN CMANNEL             BOTTOM WIDTH       LOCATION


             BBK-P3


                  Beaver Bayou       varies             Improvements from Frenchtown Road
                                                        to Hubbs Road. 50-year earthen
                                                        channel design.
                                     201BW              Frenchtown Road to 23001 d/s
                                                        Greenwell Springs Road.
                                     501BW              23001 d/s Greenwell Springs Road
                                                        to Greenwell Springs Road.
                                     improve bridge     Greenwell Springs Road (leng-then
                                                        90 feet).
                                     501BW              Greenwell Springs to Wax Road.
                                     improve bridge     Wax Road (lengthen 115 feet).
                                     501BW              Wax Road to Hooper Road.
                                     improve bridge     Hooper Road (lengthen 94 feet).
                                     401BW              Hooper Road to Denham Road.
                                       51BW             Denham Road to Hubbs Road.
                  Lateral Trib.                         No Work.
                  Tributary #2                          No Work.



             BBC-P4


                  Beaver Bayou       varies             Improvements from Frenchtown Road
                                                        to Hubbs Road. minimum concrete-
                                                        lined channel design.
                                     201BW              (earthen channel) Frenchtown Road
                                                        to 23001 d/s Greenwell Springs
                                                        Road.
                                     101BW              23001 d/s Greenwell Springs Road
                                                        to Greenwell Springs Road.
                                     101BW              Greenwell Springs Road to Wax
                                                        Road.
                                     101BW              Wax Road to Hooper Road.
                                       51BW             Hooper Road to Denham Road.
                                       51BW             Denham Road to Hubbs Road.
                  Lateral Trib.                         No Work.
                  Tributary #2                          No Work.










                                                  99












                                               TABLE 36 (CONTINUED)


                                     BEAVER BAYOU - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS


                   PLAN CHANNEL            BOTTOM WIDTH      LOCATION


                   BBN_P5


                         Beaver Bayou      N/A               Frenchtown to Hubbs Road-
                                                             clearing and snagging.
                         Lateral Trib                        No Work


                         Tributary #2                        No Work

                   NOTE: All earthen channel design embankment slopes 3.5 H : 1.0 V; All
                         concrete design slopes 3.0 H : 1.0 V


                   Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District



                   Screening of Initial Alternative Plans


                         In this iteration, only major cost items - construction,
                   relocations, real estate, and annual operations and maintenance
                   were developed. Benefits calculated in this part of the
                   analyses were "direct" property inundation flood damage
                   reductions plus an estimated percentage (20%) of "indirect"
                   flood damage reduction benefits. "Indirect" items include such
                   items as public agency emergency costs, flood insurance
                   reductions, and lower construction costs within the floodplain.


                         Cost-benefit calculations for each alternative plan are
                   shown in Table 37. A period of 50 years and an annual interest
                   rate of 8.00% were'used to calculate equivalent annual values.
                   Costs and benefits shown are all relative to the base condition
                   or "No Action" Plan. No mitigation cost was considered in the
                   'initial screening. However, methods to avoid adverse
                   environmental impacts and mitigation measures were considered
                   in plan formulation. It should be noted that costs and
                   benefits were not calculated for Plan BBN-P5, clearing and
                   snagging of the main channel. Initial hydraulic analysis
                   indicated that only minimal stage lowerings could be achieved
                   and that flood reduction benefits would be minimal. No further
                   analysis was done on this plan since it was determined that it
                   would not be a comprehensive solution to flood damage in this
                   watershed.



                                                        100












               The cost-benefit calculations revealed tha t all earthen
          and concrete-lined channel modification alternatives have
          significantly higher net benefits relative to base conditions.
          Relative to the concrete-lined channel alternative, all earthen
          channel plans were determined to have both significantly higher
          net benefits and lower first costs. The concrete-lined channel
          alternative was therefore eliminated. The minimum clearing and
          snagging plan was determined to have limited net benefits and
          was also eliminated at this point of the analyses. Earthen
          channel alternatives were determined to have net benefits
          within 25 percent and were all selected for futher evaluation.


          Analysis of Final Alternative Plans


               Plans selected for final analyses are:


          BBN-P1       10-Year Earthen Channel


          BBN-P2       25-Year Earthen Channel


          BBN-P3       50-Year Earthen Channel


          NO ACTION


               Since no alteration was made to either plan, details shown
          in the Initial Alternative Plans are the same. Final
          alternative plans were evaluated relative to National Economic
          Development, Environmental Quality, Regional Economic
          Development, and Social Effects. A summary of this analyses is
          shown in Table 38.





















                                        101
















                                                             TABIA 3 7



                                                           BEAVER BAYOU
                                          ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INITIAL ALMlKATIVE PLANS



                      PLAN       FIRST            ANNUAL        INUNDATION        NET          B/C
                                 COST              COST         REDUCTION        BENEFITS     RATIO
                                                                BENEFITS



                      BBN-Pl  $12,060,000      $1,049,000      $6,081,000     $5,032,000      5.8


                      BBN-P2  $14,893,000      $1,290,000      $7,154,000     $5,864,000      5.5

                      BBN-P3  $16,317,000      $1,411,000      $7,209,000     $5,798,000      5.1

                      BBC-P4  $25,379,000      $2,252,000      $6,979,000     $4,727,000      3.01


                      BBN-P5  N/A              N/A             N/A            N/A             W/A



                      SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS,    NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT










































                                                                102











          National Economic Development (NED)

               In the final analyses, environmental mitigation costs were
          were included in each alternative plan's cost. It should be
          noted that the mitigation plan combines all mitigation
          requirements from all watersheds. Consolidating mitigation
          sites was determined to be far more practical than establishing
          individual mitigation sites for each watershed in the study
          area. Costs were prorated to each watershed based on
          alternative plan wooded habitat losses.


               Alternative plan benefits and costs are listed in
          Table 38. As in the initial screening, a period of 50 years
          and 8.00% annual interest were used. Of the three earthen
          channel modification alternatives BBN-P2, the 25-year channel
          design plan, has the highest net economic benefits at
          $5,800,000 per year. This is about 20 percent higher than
          Alternative BBN-Pl,--the 10-year plan at $4,966,000 per year.
          There is apparently only a marginal difference in net economic
          benefits between BBN-P2 and BBN-P3, the 50-year channel design
          plan. This difference is well within relative uncertainty
          margins. The lower first cost of Alternative BBN-P2 does,
          however, give it a relative advantage to BBN-P3 in this
          category.


          Environmental Quality


               Impacts on the following enviro nmental factors were
          evaluated for each final alternative plan:

               -  Agricultural Lands
               -  Forestlands
               -  Threatened and Endangered Species
               -  Aquatic Resources and Water Quality
               -  Sedimentation
               -  Air Quality
               -  Historic Places
               -  Cultural Properties

          Detailed analyses of these factors can be found-in the
          Environmental Appendix (E) and the Environmental Impact
          Statement. Impacts are listed in summary in Table 38.




                                        103


~0




















                                                                                                                        TABLE 38
                                                                               BEAVER BAYOU FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS



                           ITEM                                                       BBN~-P~l                                     BBN-P2                                               B
                                                                                                                                 ~q(TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN)


                           PLAN DESCRIPTION                                           10-Y~qEAR ~qEARTH~q1~q3N CHANNEL                   25-Y~qEAR EARTHEN CHANNEL                              ~8q50~q-



                     11~.   NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT


                           A. PROJECT FIRST COST                                      $12,~q756,000                                $15~,577~,0~00                                          $17

                           B. ~qO&M COST                                                $ 31~,000                                   $ 31,000                                             $


                           C. TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS                              $1~,~q11~q5~,~q0~q0~q0                                 $1~,~q354~,0~q00                                           $ ~4q1

                           D. TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS                           $6~,081,000                                 $7,154,000                                           $7


                           ~qB. N~qE~qT ANNUAL BENEFITS                                     $4~,966~,000                                 $5,800~,000                                           $~4q5


                           ~qF. B~qEN~qEFIT~-COST RA~qT~q70                                        5.45                                       5.28                                                   4



                     ~qIIL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY


                           A. AGRICULTURAL LANDS                                      125 ACRES DIRECTLY IMPACTED                122 ACRES DIRECTLY IMPACTED
                                                                                      BY FOREST REPLANTING                       BY FOREST REPLANTING                                 BY


                           B. FOR~qEST~qLA~q1~q4DS                                            88 ACRES AFFECTED BY PROJECT~;              86 ACRES AFFECTED BY PRO~qJE~4qCr~-~,                       ~4q89
                                                                                      125 ACRES WOULD BE CREATED                 122 ACRES WOULD BE CREATED                           PR
                                                                                      BE CREATED VIA Ml~qII~qGA~4qn~qON                   BE CREATED VIA ~qN~4qM~qGAT~qI~qON                              ~00qW~0qc



                           C. THREATENED & ENDANGERED SPECIES                         NONE AFFECTED                              NONE AFFECTED


                           D. AQUATIC RESOURCES & WATER QUALITY                       SHORT-TERM ADVERSE IMPACT                  (SAME AS BBN~-P~l)                                     ~0q(~qS
                                                                                      DURING CONSTRU~4qC~8qn~qON;
                                                                                      LONG-TERM EFFECTS MINOR
 








                                                                                         TABLE 38 (CONTINUED)
                                                               BEAVER BAYOU FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS



                    ITEM                                            BBN-PI                                       BBN-P2 (ISP)                                 BBN-P3


                    B. SEDIMENTATION                                PROJECT WILL REDUCE STREAMBANK               (SAME AS BBN-PI;                             (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                    EROSION; LARGER CHANNEL WILL                 SLIGHTLY WORSE)                              SLIGHTLY WORSE)
                                                                    CAUSE SLIGHT INCREASE IN
                                                                    DEPOSITION


                    F. AIR QUALITY                                  MINOR SHORT-TERM IMPACTS                     (SAME AS BBN-PI)                             (SAME AS BBN-PI)
                                                                    DURING CONSTRUC'TION


                    0. NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES         NO IMPACT                                    NOIMPACT                                     NO BRACT


                    H. CULTURAL PROPERTIES                          VERY SLIGHT CHANCE OF                        (SAME AS BBN-PI)                             (SAME AS BBN-Pl)
                                                                    UNCOVERING UNKNOWN SITES
                                                                    DURING CONSTRUCTION


               IV. REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT


                    A. REGIONAL INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT               IMPROVED VALUE WILL LIKELY                   (SAME AS BBN-PI;                             (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                    FACILITATE URBAN GROWTH                      SLIGHTLY BETTER)                             SLIGHTLY BETTER)


                    B. REGIONAL GROWTH AND BUSINESS ACTIVITY        INCREASED EMPLOYMENT FOR                     (SAME AS BBN-PI;                             (SAME AS BBN-Pl;
                                                                    CONSTRUCTION, BETTER ECONOMIC                SLIGHTLY BETTER)                             SLIGHTLY BETTER)
                                                                    CLIMATE DUE TO REDUCTION IN
                                                                    FLOOD THREAT


                    C. TAX REVENUE                                  IMPROVED FLOOD PROTECTION WILL               (SAME AS BBN-PI;                             (SAME AS BBN-Pl;
                                                                    STABILIZE TAX BASE                           SLIGHTLY BETTER)                             SLIGHTLY BETTER)
                    D. PROPERTY @ALUR                               IMPROVED FLOOD PROTECTION WILL               (SAME AS BBN-PI;                             (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                    LIKELY STABILIZE OR RAISB                    SLIGHTLY BETTER)                             SLIGHTLY BETTER)
                                                                    PROPERTY VALUES

















                                                                                          TABLE 38 (CONTINUED)
                                                                BEAVER BAYOU FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS


                    ITEM                                             BBN-PI                                       BBN-P2 (TSP)                                BBN-P3


                V. OTHER SOCIAL EFFECTS


                    A. URBAN AND COMMUNnY IMPACTS                    POSITIVE IMPACTS DUE TO IMPROVED             (SAME AS BBN-PI;                            (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                     FLOOD PROTECTION                             SLIGHTLY BETTER)                            SLIGHTLY BETTER)

                    B. LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY                      THREAT TO LIFE. HEALTH, AND SAFETY           (SAME AS BBN-PI;                            (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                     REDUCED                                      SLIGHTLY BETTER)                            SLIGHTLY BETTER)

                    C. DISPLACEMENT                                  SOME TAKING OF UNIMPROVED                    (SAME AS BBN-PI;                            (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                     PRIVATE PROPERTY, 110 acres                  SLIGHTLY WORSE, 115 acres)                  SLIGHTLY WORSE. 120 acres)

                    D. LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY                        POSITIVE MACT DUE TO REDUCED                 (SAME AS BBN-PI;                            (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                     FLOOD THREAT                                 SLIGHTLY BETTER)                            SLIGHTLY BETTER)


                    E. LEISURE                                       NO IMPACI`                                   NO IMPACT                                   NO IMPACT


                    F. AESTHETIC                                     SOME ADVERSE IMPACT BY REMOVING              (SAME AS BBN-PI)                            (SAME AS BBN-Pl)
                                                                     TREES FROM CHANNELS; MITIGATED
                                                                     WITH REPLANT13D TREE LINE


                    G. COMMUNITY COHESION                            PRESERVED DUB TO REDUCED FLOOD               (SAME AS BBN-PI;                            (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                     THREAT                                       SLIGHTLY BETTER)                            SLIGHTLY BETTER)


                    H. COMMUNITY GROWTH                              POSITIVE IMPACT DUE TO REDUCED               (SAME AS BBN-PI;                            (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                     FLOOD THREAT                                 SLIGHTLY BEIM)                              SLIGHTLY BEIM)

                    L TRANSPORTATION                                 MINOR DISRUPTION DURING                      (SAME AS BBN-PI;                            (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                     CONSTRUCTION, IMPROVED SITUATION             SLIGHTLY BETTER)                            SLIGHTLY BETTER)
                                                                     BY REDUCING FLOODING


                    J. NOISE                                         MINOR INCREASE IN NOISE DURING               (SAME AS BBN-PI)                            (SAME AS BBN-PI)
                                                                     CONSTRUCTION


                    I- QUALITY OF LIFE                               REDUCED FLOODING WILL                        (SAME AS BBN-PI;                            (SAME AS BBN-PI;
                                                                     SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVE THE                    SLIGHTLY BETTER)                            SLIGHTLY BETTER)
                                                                     QUALITY OF LIFE FOR THOSB AFFECTED









                                                                                 TABLE 38 (CONTINUED)
                                                         BEAVER BAYOU FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS




                  ITEM                                                NO ACTION


              L   PLAN DESCRIPTION


              11. NATIONAL ECONONHC DEVELOPMENT


                  A. PROJECT FIRST COST                               $     0


                  B. O&M COST                                         $     0


                  C. TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS                       $     0


                  D. TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS                    $     0


                  E. NET ANNUAL BENEFITS                              $     0


                  F. BENERT-COST RATIO                                  N/A



             Elf. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY


                  A. AGRICULTURAL LANDS                               SOME ADVERSE IWACT
                                                                      DUE TO RECURRING FLOODING


                  B. FORESTLANDS                                      MENOR LOSS TO DEVELOPhIENT

                  C. THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPE&S                  NONE AFFECTED


                  D. AQUATIC RESOURCES AND WATER QUALrff              NO IWACT


                  E. SEDIMENTATION                                    NOIMPACT


                  F. AIR QUALITY                                      NOIMPACT


                  G. NATIONAL REGISTER OF IJISTORIC PLACES            NOIMPACT

















                                                                                 TABLE 38 (CONTINUED)
                                                         BEAVER BAYOU FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS





                  ITEM                                                NO ACTION


                  H. CULTURAL PROPERTIES                              NO WACT


              IV. REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT


                  A. REGIONAL INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT                   INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE REDUCED
                                                                      DUE TO RECURRING FLOODING


                  B. REGIONAL GROWTH AND BUSINESS ACTIVITY            INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE REDUCED
                                                                      DUE TO RECURRING FLOODING


                  C. TAX REV13NUE                                     INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE REDUCED
                                                                      DUE TO R13CURRING FLOODING


                  D. PROPERTY VALUE                                   PROPERTY VALUES MAY DECLINE DUE
                                                                      TO RECURRING FLOODING


              V.  OTH13R SOCIAL EFFECTS


                  A. URBAN AND COMMUNITY IWAM                         ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO FLOOD THREAT


                  B. LIFE. HEALTH, AND SAFETY                         RECURRING FLOODS THREATEN LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY


                  C. DISPLACEMENT                                     NO IMPACr


                  D. LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY                           ADVERSE IWACIS DUE TO FLOOD THREAT


                  E. LEISURE                                          NO IMPACT


                  F. AESTHETIC                                        NO IMPACT


                  G. COMMUNITY COHESION                               ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO FLOOD THREAT


                  H. COMMUNITY GROWTH                                 ADVERSE IWACIS DUB TO FLOOD THREAT









                                                                             TABLE 39 (CONTINUED)
                                                      BEAVER BAYOU FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS





                 ITEM                                             NO ACTION


                 1. TRANSPORTATION                                SOME ADVERSE IMPACTS DURING FLOOD EVENTS


                 L NOISE                                          NO IMPACT


                 K QUALITY OF LIFE                                ADVERSE IMPACTS FOR THOSE AFFECTED BY FLOODING



             SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT





 0                   The only and long-lasting environmental impacts produced
                by the final alternative plans affect agricultural lands and
                forestlands. All channel modification plans directly impact
                forestlands. This in turn indirectly impacts agricultural
                lands as they are proposed to be converted to forestlands as
                mitigation for same. The loss of these agricultural land acres
                is not considered to be significant for this area. Flood stage
                lowerings associated with all channel modification alternatives
                reduce the size of the 100-year floodplain.

                     There is very little difference in the quantity of
                affected agricultural and forest lands for each of the channel
                modification plans. Therefore, there is no relative advantage
                for any plan in this category.

                Regional Economic Development

                     Reducing flood damage frequency and cost will improve
                economic growth, employment, property valuation, and tax
                revenue in the region. Conversely, allowing flooding to
                continue to occur could likely result in decreasing same.
                Direct economic benefits to existing property is included in
                the NED estimates above. Induced economic benefits are
                speculative to a large degree and are not calculated directly
                into the benefit-cost analysis. These items are addressed in
                the Economic Appendix H and are listed in summary in Table 38.

                     All proposed channel improvement plans will significantly
                reduce flooding frequency and cost and therefore are far
                preferable to No Action given economic development
                considerations. Benefit calculations indicate that both the
                25-year and 50-year earthen channel plans have significantly
                higher economic benefits relative to the 10-year plan.
                Relative to one another, however, there is very little
                estimated economic benefit difference between the 25-year and
                50-year plans. Based on the above, both Alternatives BBN-P2,
                25-year earthen channel with tributaries, and, BBN-P3, 50-year
                earthen channel with tributaries have the highest rating in
                this category.





                                              110














          Social Effects


              Social effects considered in evaluating each alternative
          plan are listed in Table 38. Health, safetyf and the quality
          of community life will obviously be significantly improved by
          all channel modification plans. While no homes or businesses
          will be displaced, construction of any channel modification
          plan will, however, require the permanent taking of some
          private property. Almost all of the property required to be
          taken is either agricultural, pasture, rural, or vacant. This
          property loss will adversely impact the specific owners.
          Additionally, some minor traffic disruptions will occur in both
          plans in association with required bridge relocations.

              Relative to No Action, the beneficial social impacts of
          all channel modification plans appear to far outweigh their
          adverse effects. The higher level of flood reduction
          associated with all the channel modification plans appear to
          outweigh their real estate and bridge relocation disadvantages.


          Trade-Off Analyses and Plan Selection


              The economic and social benefits  of all channel
          improvement alternatives are far more significant than the
          slight environmental quality advantage of No Action. Both the
          25-year (BBN-P2) and 50-year (BBN-P3) earthen channel
          alternatives have significant economic benefits relative to the
          10-year (BBN-Pl) channel plan. Relative to each other, there
          are no significant net economic, environmental, or social
          impact differences between BBN-P2 and BBN-P3, but, BBN-P2 does
          have a significantly lower first cost. Alternative B5N-P21 the
          25-year earthen channel modification with tributaries, is
          therefore, the preferred structural alternative for this
          watershed.


              Uncertainty ranges in such items as flood stage-
          frequencies, structure and content values, and project
          construction costs were not quantified in this part of the
          analyses. These potential uncertainties were, however, taken
          into consideration relative to each final alternative. It was
          determined that, for the most part, uncertainty ranges would
          affect each alternative in a similar way with a slightly
                                        ill                                         0










                greater or lesser magnitude. Such effects would not likely
                change the relative advantages or disadvantages of each final
                alternative and, therefore, not affect the above plan
                selection.


                     Due to the presence of sandy soils in the area, the
                possibility exists that some erosion control measures will be
                needed on Portions of any proposed channel enlargement. A
                system of geosynthetic fabric and rock would be proposed for
                these reaches. It is estimated that such a system would be
                rather costly at approximately over $800,000 per mile of
                channel.


                     Should erosion control measures be required, up to
                $6 million of cost could be added to any of the above
                considered channel modification plans. Relative to each other,
                there would be no net difference and plan BBN-P2 would still be
                the preferred plan. With erosion control measures on its
                entire length, this plan would still generate net benefits of
                approximately $5,250,000 per year and have a benefit to cost
                ratio of 3.8 to 1. Added cost of this magnitude would,
                however, make the economics of selected nonstructural measures
                comparable to this plan.


                Comparison to Selected Nonstructural Measures


                     With the inclusion of proposed erosion control measures
                for the entire channel length, the preferred channel
                modification plan for this watershed exhibits a relatively high
                cost per structure in the affected floodplains. For this
                reason, selected nonstructural alternatives were revisited and
                evaluated in further detail.


                     Elevating residential structures in combination with
                constructing earthen ring levees around individual commercial
                structures was determined to be both the most practical and
                comprehensive nonstructural options for this watershed. While
                it may not be possible to elevate all residential structures,
                or ring levee every commercial structure, for the purposes of
                this analysis it was assumed that this could be accomplished
                for all affected structures.




                                              112











              Two options, elevating residential structures and
          installing ring levees around commercial structures in the 10-
          year and 25-year floodplains were evaluated. In both cases,
          structures would be elevated or protected up to the 100-year
          flood elevation plus one foot. (This elevation is consistent
          with the parish's ordinance on new construction).


              Structures in the 10 and 25-year floodplains were
          identified and the required height of elevation or levee
          protection for each was calculated. Structures were grouped by
          this requirement and, for residential, by construction type
          (pier or slab). Table 39 and 40 list these structure groupings
          for the 10- and 25-year floodplains. Costs for these
          alternatives were determined from generalized estimates of
          elevating an average size house (1,750 square feet), given the
          height of raising and the type of construction. Ring levee
          costs were also based on a generalized approach of considering
          a 400-foot long levee around each commercial structure.
          Tables 31 and 32, respectively, illustrate these costs for
          residential structure raising and ring levee construction.

              The cost of elevating/protecting all residential and
          commercial structures in the 10-year floodplain is estimated at
          $21,770,000. This cost includes added contract administration
          (10%) and contingencies (20%). Implementation of
          elevating/protecting over 400 structures would take a
          relatively long period of time, an estimated four years. Thus,
          the estimated total gross investment cost of this plan
          (includes interest lost during construction) is $25,487,000.
          The estimated first and gross investment costs for
          elevating/protecting approximately 530 structures in the 25-
          year floodplain are-'$26,000,00 and $30,439,000, respectively.


              Flood damage reduction benefits were calculated for both
          the 10-year and 25-year floodplain structure
          elevation/protection plans. In both cases, flood damage
          reductions would be quite extensive. For the 10-year plan
          approximately 85%, or $7,448,000 per year, of all flood damages
          would be eliminated in the entire watershed. This value
          increases to 94%, or $8,230,000 per year, for the 25-year
          nonstructural plan.



                                        113











                     At 8 percent interest rate over a 50-year period, the net
                economic benefits for the 10-year plan are estimated at
                $5,365,000 per year with a benefit-to-cost ratio of 3.6 to 1.
                Estimates net economic benefits for the 25-year plan are
                estimated at $5,742,000 per year with a benefit to cost ratio
                of 3.3 to 1. Based on this analysis, elevating/protecting all
                structures in the 25-year floodplain is the more feasible
                nonstructural alternative for this watershed.


                     In comparison to the preferred structural plan, with
                maximum erosion control measures, the 25-year nonstructural
                plan has slightly higher calculated net economic benefits.
                Several important factors, however, do not make this plan
                preferable to the channel modification plan. First, the
                maximum cost of the channel modification plan includes erosion
                control measures for the proposed entire 8-mile length of
                project. While it will not be determined until extensive soil
                borings are taken during preconstruction design, it is expected
                that these measures will not be needed for a large portion-of
                the project area. If only 50 percent of the erosion control
                items are needed, the first cost of this plan will be reduced
                by approximately 3 million dollars. This expected first cost
                reduction, if realized, increases this plan's net economic
                benefits to a much higher level than the nonstructural plan.

                     Therefore, the 25-year channel modification is preferable
                relative to nonstructural measures and is the tentatively
                selected plan for this watershed.




















                                              114














                                       TABLE 39


                    BEAVER BAYOU - ESTIMATED NUMBER OF STRUCTURES,
                    TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION AND RAISING REQUIREMENTS
                              FOR THE 10-YFJLR FLOODPLAIN




          RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES


          HEIGHT TO BE NUMBER OF ESTIMATED NUMBER OF ESTIMATED NUMBER
          RAISED (FT)* STRUCTURES SLAB STRUCTURES         OF PIER STRUCTURES


          2.5 - 3.5          95               64                   31
          3.5 - 4.5          203             136                   67
          4.5 - 5.5          36               24                   12
          5.5 - 6.5            0              0                    0


             >6.5              1              1                    0


          TOTAL              335             225                  110




          COMMERCIAL STRUCTURES


              REQUIRED RING LEVEE          NUMBER OF
                  HEIGHT (FT)*             STRUCTURES


                    2.5 - 3.5                   0
                    3.5 - 4.5                 42
                    4.5 - 5.5                 36
                    5.5 - 6.5                 17


                       >6.5                     0


                      TOTAL                   94


             REQUIRED TO PROTECT STRUCTURE UP TO THE 100-YEAR FLOOD PLUS
             ONE FOOT.









                                          115













                                              TABLE 40


                          BEAVER BAYOU - ESTIMATED NUMBER OF STRUCTURES,
                          TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION AND RAISING REQUIREMENTS
                                    FOR THE 25-YEAR FLOODPLAIN




                 RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURES


                 HEIGHT TO BE NUMBER OF ESTIMATED NUMBER OF ESTIMATED NUMBER
                 RAISED (FT)* STRUCTURES SLAB STRUCTURES         OF PIER STRUCTURES


                 2.5 - 3.5          249             167                   82
                 3.5 - 4.5          135             90                    45
                 4.5 - 5.5          41              27                    14
                 5.5 - 6.5            0              0                     0


                    >6.5              1              1                     0


                 TOTAL              426             285                  141




                 COMMERCIAL STRUCTURES


                     REQUIRED RING LEVEE          NUMBER OF
                        HEIGHT (FT)*              STRUCTURES


                          2.5 - 3.5                   0
                          3.5 - 4.5                  76
                          4.5 - 5.5                  15
                          5.5 - 6.5                  10


                              >6.5                    0


                            TOTAL                   101




                    REQUIRED TO PROTECT STRUCTURE   UP TO THE 100-YEAR FLOOD PLUS
                    ONE FOOT







                                                  116













          JONES CREEK


               The Jones Creek watershed is located in the eastern and
          southeastern portion of East Baton Rouge Parish. See Plate 2.
          Jones Creek is a tributary of the Amite River. Major
          tributaries of Jones Creek include Jones Creek Tributary,
          Lively Bayou, Lively Bayou Tributary, and Weiner Creek. Jones
          Creek and Tributaries drain about 26 square miles.

               The Weiner Creek Tributary discharges into Jones Creek at
          about Mile 4.5. The stream has a drainage area of 2.8 square
          miles. Lively Bayou is the largest tributary to Jones Creek,
          with a drainage area of 6.0 square miles. Lively Bayou
          discharges into Jones Creek at about Mile 6.4. Its main
          tributary of Lively Bayou Tributary has a drainage area of 1.4
          square miles which discharges into Lively Bayou about V2 mile
          above the mouth. Jones Creek Tributary enters Jones Creek at
          about Mile 9.8 and has a drainage area of 1.4 square miles.

               The watershed is about 80 percent urbanized, consisting of
          residential and commercial development with some light
          industries. Land use maps for 1972 and 1985 are shown on
          Plates 6 through 13 of Appendix J. There are approximately
          3,900 residential and commercial structures located within all
          flood zones in the watershed. The distribution of structures
          within the various floodplains is shown in Table 41. The
         ,approximate 10-year floodplain boundary is shown on Plate 6.
          Calculated without project equivalent annual flood damages for
          all subbasins in this watershed are listed in Table 42.
          Methods used in calculating these values can be found in
          Econimics Appendix H.

               Flooding in this watershed is primarily headwater in
          nature. Some backwater problems occur, but only in close
          proximity to the confluence with the Amite River. Backwater
          flooding is not a significant factor in this watershed.










                                        117















                                                                                          TABLE 41


                                                                                        JONES CREEK
                                                         DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES VMHN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS





                                BASIN        STRUCIURE          0-10        10-25       25-50         50-100    100-500    ABOVE 500         ALLFLOOD
                                NO.          CATEGORY           YEAR        YEAR        YEAR          YEAR      YEAR       YEAR              ZONES


                                             JONES CREEK WATERSHED
                                             BASIN NAME: JONES CREEK


                                22           I-STORY            57          28          123           92        141        1,062             1,933
                                             2-STORY            7           6           24            16        36            212               301
                                             MOBILE HObffi      1           1           2             0         1             4                 9
                                             COMMERCIAL         50          29          51            30        35            185               380
                                             TOTAL              115         64          200           138       213        1,463             2,193



                                             BASIN NAME: LIVMY BAYOU TRIBUTARY


                                23           1-STORY            sw          126         114           44        60            69                918
                                             2-STORY            20          10          4             3         5             13                55
                                             MOBILE HOME        0           0           0             0         0             0                 0
                                             COMMERCIAL 2                   1           0             0         0             0                 3
                                             TOTAL              527         137         118           47        65            82                976




                                             BASIN NAME: LIVELY BAYOU


                                24           1-STORY            116         55          64            24        78            101               438
                                             2-STORY            10          58          5             0         8             is                99
                                             MOBILE HOME        0           0           1             0         11            25                37
                                             COhQwEERCLAL       31          10          19            2         9             3                 74
                                             TOTAL              157         123         89            26        106           147               648




                                             BASIN NAME: WEINER CREEK


                                28           1-STORY            8           0           13            0         45            229               295
                                             2-STORY            0           0           0             2         4             36                42
                                             MOBILE HOW         0           0           0             0         0             1                 1
                                             COMMERCIAL         0           0           1             0         0             21                22
                                             TOTAL              8           0           14            2         49            287               360


                                SOURCE U.S, ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS










                                                                                              118












                                       TABLE 42


                                     JONES CREEK
             CALCULATED WITHOUT PROJECT EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DAMGES



          BASIN                REACH          EQUIVALENT ANNUAL DAMAGES
                                              WITHOUT PROJECT*


          22 - JONES CREEK     A                    $   33,000
                               B                    $   13,000
                               C                    $   882,000
                               D                    $   45,000
                                    SUBTOTAL        $   973,000


          23 - LIVELY BAYOU    0                    $2,440,000
               TRIBUTARY       p                    $2,225,000
                                    SUBTOTAL        $4,665,000


          24 - LIVELY BAYOU    L                    $ 333,000
               BASIN           14                   $ 172,000
                               N                    $1,681,000
                               N2                   $ 145,000
                                    SUBTOTAL        $2,331r000


          28 - WEINER CREEK    G                    $     3,000
                               H                    $         0
                               I                    $   77,000
                                    SUBTOTAL        $   80,000



                                    TOTAL           $8,049,000

             2ND QUARTER 1994 PRICE LEVELS



          SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERSf NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT










                                          119













                POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD DAMAGES


                Structural Measures


                Detention/Retention Storage


                     Detention storage was considered on Lively Bayou. The
                detention storage site was considered by the Baton Rouge
                Chamber of Commerce in a recent study. Hydraulic analysis
                indicates that detention storage would lower stages downstream
                for several miles. Additional channel modification would be
                required to provide lowering in the reaches where most of the
                structures are located. The lowerings provided by detention
                storage would be in reach of the bayou where about 200-300
                structures exist. The detention storage would be located in a
                wooded area and clearing of those lands would be required to
                achieve the storage projected. Consequently, detention storage
                was eliminated from consideration. Detention storage would,
                however, provide opportunities to develop recreational
                facilities in the area.


                     Reservoirs in other locations throughout the watershed
                were also determined to be impractical due to excessive real
                estate and containment structure costs.


                Channel Modifications


                     Channel modifications to the main stem and tributaries of
                Jones Creek weredetermined to be practical options and were
                investigated.


                     Several channel modification plans were developed for the
                Jones Creek and Tributaries watershed. Because the backwater
                effects of the Amite River extend from the mouth of Jones Creek
                to Jones Creek Road, channel modification in this reach was
                limited to clearing and snagging. In general, the plans were
                designed to contain headwater flows to within banks for the
                design frequencies. Initial designs considered widening the
                existing earthen channels to provide various levels of flood
                protection. Concrete lining in combination with less extensive
                channel widening was also considered. During the development
                of these alternatives, however, it became apparent that the
                combination of existing widespread highly erodible soils and


                                              120










          limited rights-of-way would limit the number of viable channel
          modification plans.


               Throughout the Jones Creek watershed, particularly above
          the Weiner-Jones Creek confluence, bank erosion is prevalent.
          Erosion rates are moderately high and are extreme in numerous
          stream reaches. A significant strata of loess soil is
          widespread and is the main factor in this process. See
          Engineering Appendix C. There has also been extensive urban
          development along the right-of-way boundary in most stream
          reaches. This combination has resulted in a major problem
          where progressive bank erosion has encroached and affected
          private property lands, and is some cases, structures.
          Photographs illustrating this problem on Jones Creek can be
          found in Figure 1.


               In consideration of the above, it was determined that
          channels could not be cleared or widened and maintained with
          just grass bank cover. Concrete-lined channels were,
          therefore, determined to be the only viable option for proposed
          channel modifications. Existing rights-of-way were also
          determined to be limited in numerous reaches. Since these
          lands are improved, extensive right-of-way buy out was not
          considered to be practical. Only minimal channel widening   was
          therefore considered further.


               Reshaping and concrete lining the existing channel, plus,
          slightly widening to within right-of-way limits and concrete
          lining were selected alternatives for further evaluation.
          Alternative combinations that include or exclude all
          tributaries were also considered. A 1110-year" and "25-year"
          design designation was given to the concrete-lined alternative
          plans corresponding to the earthen sized channels. Actual
          performance of the concrete-lined channels is substantially
          greater.


          Nonstructural Measures


               There appears to be no practical or economical
          nonstructural solutions for the Jones Creek watershed, which is
          highly urbanized. Almost all existing residential and
          commercial structures in the area are constructed on concrete
          slab foundations. It would not be practical or economically


                                        121










                feasible to elevate a large number of structures above flood
                levels. Flood proofing by means of levees or floodwalls could
                not be accomplished in this congested area. Studies have shown
                that, where substantial numbers of structures are involved, buy
                out and relocation are considerably more costly than structural
                improvements providing comparable levels of flood damage
                reduction. Floodproofing individual structures requires
                analysis on a case-by-case basis. Because of the number of
                structures in the watershed, floodproofing individual structues
                was eliminated from consideration in this study. No non-
                structural plans were, therefore, developed for this watershed.

                    A summary of initial alternatives for Jones Creek is shown
                in Table 43. Alternative details are listed in Table 44.
                Alternatives are shown on Plates 16 and 17.


                     It was determined that significant environmental impacts
                of channel modification alternative plans would generally be
                limited to the destruction of some bottomland hardwood forests
                that occur in a linear strip along the,channel banks. These
                impacts can be readily mitigated by reforestation of existing
                cleared lands or by protecting areas of existing forested
                lands.


                    Existing disposal areas were investigated to avoid
                adverse environmental impacts. The East Baton Rouge Parish of
                Public Works identified the parish landfill as the place to
                haul excavated material. Therefore, the initial cost estimates
                were developed assuming that excavated material would be hauled
                to this location. See Plate 51.






















                                              122
















                                      TABLE 43
                     JONES CREEK   INITIAL ALTERNAMMS SMMARY





          ALTERNATIVE                         DESCRIPTION


          JCCL-Pl                   10-Year Concrete-Lined Channel With
                                    Tributaries Lively Bayou, Lively Bayou
                                    Tributary, and Weiner Creek


          JCCL-P2                   25-Year Concrete-Lined Channel With
                                    Tributaries Lively Bayou, Lively Bayou
                                    Tributary, and Weiner Creek


          JCCL-P3                   10-Year Concrete-Lined Channel Without
                                    Tributaries


          JCCL-P4                   25-Year Concrete-Lined Channel Without
                                    Tributaries


                                    No Action


          NOTE:     "Year" design not based on actual alternative
                    performance; performance is significantly enhanced by
                    concrete lining.


          Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District
















                                         123













                                                        TABLE 44


                                    JONES CREEK - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS


                    PLM    CHANML                   BOTTOM WIDTH       -LOCKTION


                    JcCL-P1
                            Jones Creek             Clear & snag       Mouth  to Jones Creek Road.
                                                    51BW               Jones  Creek Road to Lobdell
                                                                       Blvd.
                            Weiner Creek            51BW               Mouth  to Cedar Crest Ave.
                            Lively Bayou            51BW               Mouth  to Illinois Central
                                                                       RR.
                            Lively Bayou   Trib     51BW               Mouth  to Tams Drive.
                            Jones Creek Trib                             No Work


                    JCCL-P2
                            Jones Creek             Clear & snag       Mouth to  Jones Creek Road.
                                                    101BW              Jones Creek Road to S.
                                                                       Harrells Ferry Road
                                                    151BW              S. Harrells Ferry Road to
                                                                       Sherwood Forest Blvd.
                                                    10fBW              Sherwood Forest Blvd. to
                                                                       Molly Lee Drive.
                                                    151BW              Molly Lee Drive to Sharp Rd.
                                                    201BW              Sharp Road to Cuyhanga Pkwy.
                                                    51BW               Cuyhanga Pkwy. to Lobdell
                                                                       Blvd.
                            Weiner Creek            51BW               Mouth to Sherwood Drive.
                                                    301BW              Sherwood Drive to Stanley
                                                                       Aubin Lane.
                                                    201BW              Stanley Aubin Lane to Cedar
                                                                       Crest Ave.
                            Lively Bayou            201BW              Mouth to Mile 2.3.
                                                    30,'BW             Mile 2.3 to Mile 3.2.
                                                    351BW              mile 3.2 to Ill. Central RR.
                            Lively Bayou  Trib      51BW               Mouth to Tams Drive.
                            Jones Creek Trib                           No Work




                    JCCL-P3
                            Jones Creek             Clear    snag      Mouth to Jones Creek Road.
                                                    51BW               Jones Creek Road to Lobdell,
                                                                       Blvd.
                            Weiner Creek                               No Work.
                            Lively Bayou                               No Work.
                            Lively Bayou  Trib                         No Work.
                            Jones Creek Trib                           No Work.






                                                            124












                                            TABLE 44 (CONTINUED)


                                  JONES CREEK - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS


             PLAN    CELAIWEL           BOTTOM WIDTH         LOCATION


             JCCL-P4
                    Jones Creek         Clear & snag         Mouth to Jones Creek Road.
                                        101BW                Jones Creek Road to S. Harrells
                                                             Ferry Road.
                                        l5fBW                S. Harrells Ferry Road to
                                                             Sherwood Forest Blvd.
                                        101BW                Sherwood Forest Blvd. to Molly
                                                             Lee Drive.
                                        151BW                Molly Lee Drive to Sharp Rd.
                                        201BW                Sharp Rd. to Cuyhanga Pkwy.
                                        51BW                 Cuyhanga  Pkwy. to Lobdell Blvd.
                    Weiner Creek                             No Work.
                    Lively Bayou                             No Work.
                    Lively Bayou   Trib                      No Work.
                    Jones Creek Trib                         No Work.


             NOTE: All concrete-lined embankment design slopes 3.OH : 1.OV


             Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District



             Screenincr of Initial Alternatives


                    In this iteration, only major cost items - construction,
             relocations, real estate, and annual operations and maintenance
             were developed. Benefits calculated in this part of the
             analyses were "direct" property inundation flood damage
             reductions plus an estimated percentage (20%) of "indirect"
             flood damage reduction benefits. "Indirect" items include such
             items as public agency emergency costs, flood insurance
             reductions, and lower construction costs within the floodplain.

                    Cost-benefit calculations for each alternative plan are
             shown in Table 45. A period of 50 years and an annual interest
             rate of 8.00% were used to calculate equivalent annual values.
             Costs and benefits shown are all relative to the base condition
             or "No Action" Plan. No mitigation cost was considered in the
             initial screening. However, methods to avoid adverse
             environmental impacts were investigated and the plan revised
             accordingly as previously indicated.



                                                      125















                                                            TAME 4 5


                                                          JONES CREEK
                                         ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS



                     PLAN        FIRST             ANNUAL         INUNDATION          NET             a/c
                                  COST            COST            REDUCTION                 ITS        RATIO
                                                                       ITS


                     JCCL-P1 $49,570,000      $4,3S9,000          $6,715,000       $2,326,000          1.5


                     JCcL-P2 $66,275,000      $5,865,000          $6,727,000       $ 862,000           1.1

                     JCCL-P3 $36,795,000      03,259,000          $4,877,000       $1,618,000          1.5

                     JCCL-P4 $38,208,000      $3,384,000          $4,877,000       $1,493,000          1.4


                     SOURCE: U.S. AMU CORPS OF ENGIN11ERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT





                            The cost-benefit calculations revealed that while all
                     channel modification plans yield significant net benefits,-
                     there is virtually no additional benefits in widening the
                     existing channels. This is true with and without the inclusion
                     of the tributaries. Therefore, only the 1110-year" plans, i.e.,
                     reshaping and concrete lining the existing channels without
                     widening, were considered further. (Again, note that
                     performance is significantly greater than "10-year").


                            At this point a cursory investigation of whether or not
                     modification of each tributary incrementally yields net
                     benefits was conducted. It was determined that the proposed
                     channel modifications produce flood damage reductions in a
                     widespread fashion throughout the watershed. Since channel
                     design sections change little in each reach, project costs were
                     determined to be relatively uniform per section- throughout the
                     watershed.       Therefore, there appears to be relatively uniform
                     incremental net benefits on all tributaries. Separate
                     alternative      analyses with all possible combinations of the four
                     tributaries      were therefore not initiated.


                     Analysis of      Final Alternatives


                            Plans   selected for final analyses were JCCL-Pl, JCCL-P3,
                     and No Action. Since no alteration was made to either plan,
                     details shown in the Initial Alternative Plans are the same.


                                                               126










          Final alternative plans were evaluated relative to National
          Economic Development, Environmental Quality, Regional Economic
          Development, and Social Effects. A summary of this analyses is
          shown in Table 46.


          National Economic Development (NED)

               In the final analyses, environmental mitigation costs were
          included in each alternative plan's cost. It should be noted
          that the mitigation plan combines all mitigation requirements
          from all watersheds. Consolidating mitigation sites was
          determined to be far more practical than establishing
          individual mitigation sites for each watershed in the study
          area. Costs were prorated to each watershed based on the
          amount of alternative plan habitat losses.

               Alternative plan benefits and costs are listed in
          Table 46. As in the initial screening, a period of 50 years
          and 8.00% annual interest were used. Alternative JCCL-Pl (with
          tributaries) was determined to have the highest estimated net
          annual benefits of $2,285,000. This is significantly higher
          than the $1,583,000 per year of Plan JCCL-P3 (without
          tributaries). Both plans obviously have significant net
          economic benefits relative to No Action.


          Environmental Quality


               Impacts on the following environmental factors were
          evaluated for each final alternative plan:

               -  Agricultural Lands
               -  Forestlands
               -  Threatened and Endangered Species
               -  Aquatic Resources and Water Quality
               -  Sedimentation
               -  Air Quality
               -  Historic Places
               -  Cultural Properties


          Detailed analyses of these factors can be found-in the
          Environmental Appendix E and the Environmental Impact
          Statement. Impacts are listed in summary in Table 46.



                                        127










                     The final alternative plans affect agricultural and
                forestlands. Both Alternative Plans JCCL-Pl and JCCL-P3
                directly impact forestlands. This in turn indirectly impacts
                agricultural lands as they are proposed to be converted to
                forestlands as mitigation for same. The loss of these
                agricultural land acres is not considered to be significant for
                this area. Flood stage lowerings associated with Plans JCCL-Pl
                and JCCL-P3 reduce the size of the 100-year floodplain.


                     Plan JCCL-P3 (excluding tributaries) results in less
                conversion of woodlands and the subsequent less significant
                resultant conversion of agricultural lands via the mitigation
                plan, than does Plan JCCL-PI (including tributaries).
                Therefore, from an environmental standpoint, Plan JCCL-P3 is
                the preferable action alternative.


                Regional Economic Development

                     Reducing flood damage frequency and cost will improve
                economic growth, employment, property valuation, and tax
                revenue in the region. Conversely, allowing flooding to
                continue to occur could likely result in decreasing same.
                Direct economic benefits to existing property is included in
                the NED estimates above. Induced economic benefits are
                speculative to a large degree and are not calculated directly
                into the benefit-cost analysis. These items are addressed in
                the Economic Appendix H and are listed in summary in Table 46.


                     Both Plans, JCCL-Pl and JCCL-P3, will significantly reduce
                flooding frequency and cost and therefore are far preferable to
                No Action given economic development considerations. Relative
                to each other, construction of the 10-year concrete-lined
                channel with tributaries alternative plan, JCCL.-P-1, will result
                in less frequent flooding and lower flood damages versus JCCL-
                P3, which does not include the tributaries.


                Social Effects


                     Social effects considered in evaluating each alternative
                plan are listed in Table 46. Health, safety, and.   the quality
                of community life will obviously be significantly improved by
                both channel modification plans. Relative to.No Action, the
                beneficial social impacts of both channel modification plans


                                               128











         appear to far outweigh their adverse effects. The higher level
         of flood reduction associated with Plan JCCL-P1 is most
         preferable in this category.

         Trade-Off Analyses and Plan Selection


             .The economic and social benefits of both channel
         modification alternative plans are far more significant than
         the slight environmental quality advantage of No Action.
         Relative to each other, Alternative Plan JCCL-Pl (with
         tributaries) has an advantage in NED, regional economic
         development and social effects. Plan JCCL-P3 (without
         tributaries) has a relative advantage with respect to
         environmental impacts.


              The net economic benefits of Alternative Plan JCCL-Pl are
         significantly higher than JCCL-P3 and No Action. It is
         apparent that inclusion of all tributaries in the channel
         modification plan will produce significant economic benefits.
         In consideration of the possible effects of uncertainty
         factors, it appears that Plan JCCL-Pl would still have
         significant relative economic benefits. Alternative Plan JCCL-
         Pl (with tributaries) was therefore chosen as the Tentatively
         Selected Plan for this watershed.






























                                       129























                                                                                                                                       TABLE 46
                                                                                                JONES CREEK FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE rrEMS



                                  ITEM                                                          JCCP-p                                           JCCIF3                                           NO ACTION
                                                                                                (TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN)


                      L           PLAN DESCRIPTION                                              10-YEAR CONCRETE-LINED CHANNEL                   10-YEAR CONCRETE-LINED CHANNEL
                                                                                                WITH TRIBUTARIES; LIVELY                         WITHOUT TRIBUTARIES
                                                                                                BAYOU, LIVELY BAYOU TRIBUTARY,
                                                                                                AND WEINER CREEK


                      IL          NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT


                                  A. PROJECT FIRST COST                                         $50,141,000                                      $37,164,000                                      $0

                                  B.  O&M COST                                                  s 15,000                                         $ 11,000                                         $0

                                  C.  TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS                                $4,430,000                                       $3,294,000                                       $0

                                  D.  TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFIT                              $6,715,000                                       $4,877,000                                       $0

                                  E.  NET ANNUAL BENEFITS                                       $2,285,000                                       $1,593,000                                       $0


                                  F.  BENEFIT-COST RATIO                                           1.52                                             1.48                                          N/A



                      M.          ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY


                                  A. AGRICULTURAL LANDS                                         99 ACRES INDIRECTLY IMPACTED                     66 ACRES INDIRECTLY IMPACTED                     NO IMPACTS
                                                                                                BY FOREST REPLANTING                             BY FOREST REPLANTING


                                  B. FORESTLANDS                                                78 ACRES AFFECTED BY PROJECT;                    52 ACRES AFFECTED BY PROJECT;                    SOME LOSS OF THESE
                                                                                                " ACRES WOULD BE CREATED                            ACRES WOULD BE CREATED                        RESOURCES
                                                                                                VIA MITIGATION                                               VIA MITIGATION


                                  C. THREAtkNED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES                          NONE AFFECTED                                    NONE AFFECTED                                    NONE AFFECTED

                                  D. AQUATIC RESOURCES AND WATER QUALITY                        SHORT-TERM ADVERSE IMPACT                        (SAME AS JCCL-Pl)                                NOIMPACT
                                                                                                DURING CONSTRUCTION; REDUCED
                                                                                                DIVERSITY; INCREASED TEMPERATURES












                                                                                                     TABLE 46 (CONTINUED)
                                                                            JONES CREEK FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COtIPARATIVE ITEMS


                           ITEM                                             JCCL-PI (rsp)                           JCCleP3                                NO ACTION


                           L SEDIMENTATION                                  PROJECT WILL REDUCE STREAMBANK          (SAME AS JCCL-Pl)                      NATIVE SOILS RESULT IN
                                                                            EROSION AND WILL SLIGHTLY                                                      HIGH AMOUNT OF EROSION
                                                                            IMPROVE SEDIMENTATION


                           F. AIR QUALITY                                   MINOR SHORT-TERM IMPACTS                (SAME AS JCCI-Pl)                      NOIMPACT
                                                                            DURING CONSTRUCTION


                           G. NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES          NOIMPACT                                NOIMPACT                               NOIMPACT


                           IL CULTURAL PROPERTIES                           VERY SLIGHT CHANCE OF                   (SAME AS JCCLPl)                       NOIMPACT
                                                                            UNCOVERING UNKNOWN SITES
                                                                            DURING CONSTRUCTION


                 IV.       REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT


                           A. REGIONAL INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT                IMPROVED VALUE WILL LIKELY              (SAME AS JCCI-Pl;                      INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE
                                                                            FACILITATE URBAN GROWTH                 SLIGHTLY WORSE)                        REDUCED DUE TO RECURRING
                                                                                                                                                           FLOODING


                           B. REGIONAL GROWTH AND BUSINESS ACTIVITY INCREASED EMPLOYMENT FOR                        (SAME AS JCCL-Pl;                      INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE
                                                                            CONSTRUCTION; BETTER ECONOMIC           SLIGHTLY WORSE)                        REDUCED DUE TO RECURRING
                                                                            CLIMATE DUE TO REDUCTION IN                                                    FLOODING
                                                                            FLOOD THREAT


                           C. TAX REVENUE                                   IMPROVED FLOOD PROTECTION WELL          (SAME AS JCCI-Pl-,                     INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE
                                                                            STABILME TAX BASE                       SLIGHTLY WORSE)                        REDUCED DUE TO RECURRING
                                                                                                                                                           FLOODING


                           D. PROPERTY VALUE                                IMPROVED FLOOD PROTEC77ON WELL          (SAME AS JCCIPl;                       PROPERTY VALUES MAY
                                                                            LIKELY STABILIZE OR RAISE               SLIGHTLY WORSE)                        DECLINE DUE TO RECURRING
                                                                            PROPERTY VALUES                                                                FLOODING



















                                                                                                      TABLE 46 (CONTINUED)
                                                                              JONES CREEK FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS


                            ITEM                                              JCCL-Pl (TSP)                          JCCL-P3                                NO ACTION


                  V.        OTHER SOCIAL EFFECTS


                            A. URBAN AND COMMUNITY IMPACTS                    POSI77VE IMPACTS DUE TO IMPROVED (SAME AS JCCL-Pl;                            ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                              FLOOD PROTECTION                       SLIGHTLY WORSE)                        FLOOD THREAT

                            B. LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY                       THREAT TO UWE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY           (SAME AS JCCIPl;                  RECURRING FLOODS THREATEN
                                                                              REDUCED                                SLIGHTLY WORSE)                        LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY


                            C. DISPLACEMENT                                   NONE EXPECTED                          NONE EXPECTED                          NOIMPACT


                            D. LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY                         POSITIVE IMPACT DUE TO REDUCED         (SAME AS JCCL-PI;                      ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                              FLOOD THREAT                           SLIGHTLY WORSE)                        FLOOD THREAT


                            E. LEISURE                                        POTENTIAL FOR BIKE PATH                (SAME AS JCCL-Pl;                      NOIMPACT
                                                                              RECREATION AS PART OF                  SLIGHTLY WORSE)
                                                                              FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT


                            F. AESTHETIC                                      SOME ADVERSE IMPACT BY REMOVING (SAME AS JCCL-PI)                             NOIMPACT
                                                                              TREES FROM CHANNELS; MITIGATED
                                                                              WITH REPLANTED TREE LINE


                            G. COMMUNITY COHESION                             PRESERVED DUE TO REDUCED FLOOD         (SAME AS JCCL-Pl;                      ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                              THREAT                                 SLIGHTLY WORSE)                        FLOOD THREAT

                            H. COMMUNITY GROWTH                               POSITIVE IMPACT DUE TO REDUCED         (SAME AS JCCL-PI;                      ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                              FLOOD THREAT                           SLIGHTLY WORSE)                        FLOOD THREAT

                            L TRANSPORTATION                                  MINOR DISRUPTION DURING                (SAME AS JCCL-PI)                      SOME ADVERSE IMPACTS
                                                                              CONSTRUCTION; IMPROVED                 DURING FLOOD EVENTS
                                                                              SITUATION BY REDUCING FLOODING


                            J. NOISE                                          MINOR INCREASE IN NOISE DURING         (SAME AS JCCI-Pl)                      NOIMPACT
                                                                              CONSTRUCTION


                            K. QUALITY OF LIFE                                REDUCED FLOODING WILL                  (SAME AS JCCL-Pl;                      ADVERSE IMPACTS FOR THOSE
                                                                              SU13STANTIALLY IMPROVE THE             SLIGHTLY WORSE)                        AFFECTED BY FLOODING
                                                                              QUALITY OF LIFE FOR THOSE AFFECTED

                 SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT













         CLAY CUT BAYOU


              The Clay Cut Bayou Watershed is located in the southern
         part of the parish and generally flows west to east. See
         Plate 2. Clay Cut Bayou is a tributary of the Amite River and
         has one tributary - Jacks Bayou. This stream drains an area of
         about 15 square miles.


              Land use in the watershed is about 50% urbanized. Land
         use maps for 1972 and 1985 are shown on Plates 14 and 15 of
         Appendix J. There are approximately 200 residential and
         commercial structures within the watershed. The distribution
         of structures within the various floodplains is shown in
         Table 47. The approximate 10-year floodplain boundary is shown
         on Plate 7. Calculated existing equivalent annual flood
         damages were estimated to be $1,015,000 per year in this
         watershed (Subbasin 31). Methodology used in calculating this
         figure can be found in the Economics Appendix H.

              Both headwater and backwater flooding occurs in this
         watershed with the former predominant. Backwater flooding
         occurs from the bayou's mouth Upstream to Elliot Road.



         POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD DAMAGES


         Structural Measures


         Detention/Retention Storage


              Due to the lack of topographical relief in this watershed,
         detention/retention storage basins were determined to be
         impractical. Required basin containment structures, primarily
         earthen levees, in conjunction with land requirements would be
         excessive in order to achieve significant flow retention.


         Channel Modifications


              As stated above, backwater effects of the Amite River
         extend upstream to Elliot Road. The existing channel utilizes
         all of the available right-of-way with a 25-foot servitude on
         each side of the channel. These limitations restricted the
         amount of channel modification that could be studied for this


                                       133










                  channel to concrete lining of the existing channel with a
                  minimum of shaping of the channel to a trapezoidal section.
                  This modification extends from Elliot Road to Jacks Bayou.
                  Recent modifications to Jack's Bayou have provided a 50-year
                  level of protection. Therefore, no further channel
                  modification was considered for Jacks Bayou. The benefit-to-
                  cost ratio for the plan was to be 0.40 to 1. This plan was
                  therefore not determined to be economically feasible.


                      As an alternative to concrete lining of the channel,
                  channel enlargement by making a vertical cut at the top of
                  banks was considered. This plan consisted of making a 3-foot
                  deep gabion supported vertical cut at the top of banks. In
                  addition, bank paving with gabions at a 1 on 3 sides slope
                  extending from the toe of the vertical cut to a gabion-lined
                  channel bottom was included in this plan. The gabions would be
                  covered with an asphalt mastic to achieve Manning's In' value
                  approximately equal to that of concrete. This option was
                  determined to be slightly more costly than the concrete slope
                  pavement and, therefore, was also determined to be infeasible.

                  Backwater Gate - Barrier Levee - Pumping Station


                       A culvert control structure and barrier levee located at
                  the bayou's mouth was considered to reduce backwater flood
                  damages. The first cost of this plan was determined to be in
                  excess of $12-.5 million. This cost, annualized, exceeds
                  existing flood damage estimates for all of the watershed.
                  Inclusion of a pumping station would substantially increase
                  this cost further and would also be infeasible.




















                                                134














                                                                  TABLE 47
                      CLAY CUT BAYOU         DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES WITHIN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS


                                                                                                                    ALL
                BASIN      STRUCI`URE          0-10       10-25      25-50     50-100    100-5W ABOVE 500           FLOOD
                NO.        CATEGGRY            YEAR YEAR             YEAR      YEAR      YEAR       YEAR            ZONES


                           SUBBASIN NAME: CLAYCUT BAYOU


                31         1-STORY             121         377       86        251         97        108            1040
                           2-STORY               19         21       13          16        17         21             107
                           MOBILE HOME            4         is       47          5         4          40              119
                           COMMERCIAL            31         5          2         19        20         28             105
                           TOTAL               175         418       148       291       138         197            1367


                SOURCE:    U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENCINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT





                Nonstructural Measures


                         Nonstructural solutions for the Clay Cut Bayou area
                include ring levees around selected subdivisions, buy-out and
                relocation of structures subject to repetitive flooding.
                Almost all existing residential and commercial structures in
                the area are constructed on concrete slab foundation. Although
                technically possible, it is not usually practical or
                economically feasible to elevate a large number of structures
                above flood levels. Ring levees around selected subdivision
                could be economically favorable but is not feasible to provide
                protection to a large number of subdivisions. Buy-out and
                relocation was also determined to be more costly than
                structural improvements providing comparable levels of flood
                damage reduction. Floodproofing individual                                   structures requires
                analysis on a case-by-case basis. Because of the number of
                structures in the watershed, floodproofing individual
                structures was eliminated from consideration in this study. No
                non-structural plans were, therefore, developed for this
                watershed.


                        No structural or nonstructural plan was determined to be
                economically feasible. Federal participation in a flood
                control project is therefore not recommended for this
                watershed.



                                                                     135













                  WARD CREEK


                       The Ward Creek watershed is located in the central and
                  southeastern portion of East Baton Rouge Parish. Ward Creek
                  begins in the north central portion of Baton Rouge,and flows in
                  a southeasterly direction into Bayou Manchac. Major
                  tributaries of Ward Creek include: Dawson Creek, Bayou
                  Duplantier, and North Branch of Ward Creek. Ward Creek and
                  Tributaries drain about 45 square miles.


                       Ward Creek, with a drainage area of about 45 square miles,
                  is a major tributary of Bayou Manchac. It originates in the
                  north-central portion of Baton Rouge and flows in a southerly
                  direction changing to a southeasterly direction as it
                  approaches the corporate limits. The floodplain is rather
                  narrow within the city, but broadens quickly downstream of the
                  corporate limits (see Plate 8). Ward Creek's major tributaries
                  include North Branch Ward Creek and Dawson Creek and its
                  tributary of Bayou Duplantier.

                       The North Branch Ward Creek Tributary has a drainage area
                  of 7.8 square miles and discharges into Ward Creek at about
                  Mile 7.8. It drains the eastern portion of the watershed.
                  Dawson-Creek is the largest tributary to Ward Creek with a
                  drainage area of about 16.0 square miles. It discharges into
                  Ward Creek at about Mile 5.8. Dawson Creek drains the western
                  portion of the watershed. Bayou Duplantier is the main
                  tributary to Dawson Creek with a drainage area of about 7.7
                  square miles. It discharges into Dawson Creek at about
                  Mile 4.0 and drains the western portion of the Dawson Creek
                  waters portion of the Dawson Creek watershed.


                       The watershed is about 75% urbanized, consisting of
                  residential and commercial development with some light
                  industries. Land use maps for 1972 and 1985 are shown on
                  Plates 16 through 27 of Appendix J. There are approximately
                  5,400 residential and commercial structures within various
                  floodplains in the watershed. The distribution of structures
                  within these floodplains@is shown in Table 48. The approximate
                  10-year floodplain boundary is shown on Plate 8. .-Calculated
                  without project,equivalent annual flood damages for all
                  subbasins in this watershed are listed in Table 49.




                                                 136











              Methodology used in calculat                  ing these values can be found in
              Economics Appendix H.

                       Flooding in this watershed is primarily headwater in
              nature. Some backwater problems occur, but only in close
              proximity tothe confluence with Bayou Manchac. Backwater
              flooding is not a significant factor in this watershed.



                                                             TABLE 48


                           WARD CREEK - D][STROXMON OF S7RUCTURES WITHIN VAMOUS FLOODPLAJNS





              BASIN     STRUCTURE 0-10           10-25      25-SO   50-100    100-SW   ABOVESW       ALL FLOOD
              NO.       CATEGORY        YEAR     YEAR       YEAR    YEAR      YEAR     YEAR          ZONES


                        BASIN NAME- WARD CREEK


              21        1-STORY         14       59         56      182       456      1,275         2A42
                        2-STORY         1        0          5       2         3          25            38
                        MOBHE Bohn      0        0          0       0         1          0             1
                        COMMEItCL41     3        13         17      48        91         220           392
                        TOTAL           is       72         78      232       551      1,520         2A71


                        BASIN NAME. BAYOU DUPLANTIER


              25        i-STORY         3        13         1       22        9          65            113
                        2-STORY         2        6          6       6         6          is            41
                        MOBILE HOME     0        0          0       0         0          0             0
                        COMMERCIAL      12       2          2       4         13         13            46
                        TOTAL           17       21         9       32        28         93            2W


                        BASIN NAME. DAWSON CREEK


              26        I-STORY         51       so         20      14        24         72            231
                        2-STORY         10       5          3       1         1          -9            29
                        MOBELE HOME 0            0          0       0         0          0             0
                        COMMERCIAL      S2       so         11      17        is         64            209
                        TOTAL           113      105        34      32        40         145           469




                        BASIN NAME. NORTH BRANCH - WARD CREEIK


              27        I-STORY         17       84         41      161       167        366           836
                        2-STORY         3        is         1       21        61         45            149
                        MOBILE HOME     0        0          0       0         0          0             0
                        COMIWIERCL41    23       16         14      9         19         2M            314
                        TOTAL           43       118        56      191       247        6"          X2"



                                                                137















                                                                   TABLE 48 (CONTINUED)


                                         WARD CREEK - DISTRIBUTION OF SMUCTURES WITIEEN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS






                            BASIN     STRUCTURE      0-10      10-25    25-M      so-iw    100-rM   ABOVESM       ALL FLOOD
                            NO.       CATEGORY       YEAR      YEAR     YEAR      YEAR     YEAR     YEAR          ZONES




                                      BASIN MAIL DAWSON CREEK


                            30        1-STORY        20        69       17        8        119        54            287
                                      2-STORY        0         2        2         10       18         19            51
                                      MOBILE HOME 0            0        0         0        0          0             0
                                      COMMERCIAL     19        20       3         5        12         82            141
                                      TOTAL          39        91       22        23       149        iss           479




                                      BASIN NAME. WARD CREEK


                            32        1-9rORY        17        5        49        29       82         m             337
                                      2-grORY        3         2        3         2        2          is            27-
                                      MOBILE HOME 4            0        0         0        1          71            76
                                      COMMERCIAL     25        4        19        is       2          13            78

                                      TOTAL          49        11       71                 87         254           Sig


                            SOURCE: US. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT


































                                                                             138













                                       TABLE 49


                                      WARD CREEK
            CALCULATED WITHOUT PROJECT EQUIVALENT ANNUAL    FLOOD DAMAGES



         BASIN                 REACH           EQUIVALENT ANNUAL DAMAGES
                                               WITHOUT PROJECT*


         21 - WARD CREEK       B                    $     70,000
                               C                    $  321,000
                               D                    $      1,000
                               E                    $      6,000
                               F                    $     92,000
                               G                    $    23,000
                                    SUBTOTAL        $  513,000

         25 - BAYOU            A                    $  227,000
                DUPLANTIER


         26 - DAWSON CREEK     A                    $  835,000


         27 - NORTH BRANCH     A                    $  446,000
               WARD CREEK      B                    $  126,000
                               C                    $  210,000
                                    SUBTOTAL        $  782,000


         30 - DAWSON CREEK     A                    $  929,000


         32 - WARD CREEK       A                    $  267,000
                               B                    s  521,000
                                    SUBTOTAL        $  788,000


         TOTAL WATERSHED                            $4,074,000


         * 2ND QUARTER 1994 PRICE LEVELS


         SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT








                                           139












                  POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD DAMAGES


                  Structural Measures


                  Detention/Retention Storage


                       Because the upper portion of Ward Creek is so highly
                  urbanized, the only opportunity for flood detention storage was
                  on Bayou Duplantier. Hydraulic analysis indicated that
                  providing detention storage on Bayou Duplantier would only
                  lower states 0.3 feet. Consequently, detention storage was
                  eliminated from consideration.


                  Channel Modifications


                       Channel modifications to the main stem and tributaries of
                  Ward Creek were determined to be practical options and were
                  investigated.


                       Several channel modification plans were developed for the
                  Ward Creek and Tributaries watershed. Because the backwater
                  effects of the Amite River extend from the mouth of Ward Creek
                  to about 4,000 feet upstream, channel modifications in this
                  reach were limited to clearing and snagging. In general, the
                  channel modifications were sized to contain headwater flows to
                  within banks for the design frequencies. Because Bayou
                  Duplantier acts as a sump area, channel modification would not
                  be effective. As such, no channel improvement designs were
                  considered for this stream. All the stage lowerings on Bayou
                  Duplantier are strictly dependent on downstream modification on
                  Dawson Creek and Ward Creek.


                       Initial designs considered widening the existing earthen
                  channels to provide various levels of flood protection.
                  Concrete lining in combination with less extensive channel
                  widening was also considered. During the development of these
                  alternatives, however, it became apparent that the existence of
                  widespread highly erodible soils would limit the number of
                  viable channel modification plans.


                       Throughout the Ward Creek watershed, particularly above
                  Siegen Lane, bank erosion is prevalent. Erosion rates are
                  moderately high and are extreme in some locations. A


                                                140










         significant strata of loess soil is widespread and is the main
         factor in this process. See Engineering Appendix C. There has
         also been extensive urban development along the right-of-way
         boundary in some of these areas. This combination has resulted
         in a major problem where progressive bank erosion has
         encroached and affected private property lands, and is some
         cases, structures. This problem is severe in the North Branch
         Tributary. Photographs illustrating this problem on Ward Creek
         can be found in Figure 1.


              In consideration of the above, it was determined that
         channels could not be widened and maintained with just grass
         bank cover. Concrete-lined channels were, therefore,
         determined to be the only viable option for proposed channel
         widenings.

              Concrete-lined channel designs to contain storm events of
         25, 50, and 100 years were determined to be possible for most
         of the watershed with the exception of the upper reaches of
         both the North Branch and Dawson Creek Tributaries where
         limited rights-of-way bordering developed areas exist. In
         these reaches, the existing right-of-way limit controlled the
         design. Alternative plan combinations that included or
         excluded all tributaries were also established.


         Nonstructural Measures


              Practical nonstructural solutions for the Ward-Creek
         watershed are limited to buy out and relocation of floodplain
         properties susceptible to flooding. Almost all existing
         residential and commercial structures in the area are
         constructed on concrete slab foundations. Although technically
         possible, it is not usually practical or economically feasible
         to elevate a large number of structures above flood levels.
         Most residential structures are built on small subdivision lots
         making it difficult to construct levees or floodwalls between
         and around individual structures. In addition, such measures
         require careful attention to details of aesthetic appeal to
         avoid devaluation of the property. Such measures are often
         perceived as benefitting individual property owners rather than
         the general public. Prior studies involving areas of similar
         development have shown that, where substantial numbers of
         structures are involved, buy out and relocation is considerably


                                       141










                  more costly than structural improvements providing comparable
                  levels of flood damage reduction. Floodproofing individual
                  structures requires analysis on a case-by-case basis. Because
                  of the number of structures in the watershed, floodproofing
                  individual structues was eliminated from consideration in this
                  study. No non-structural plans were, therefore, developed for
                  this watershed.


                       A summary of initial alternatives for Ward Creek is shown
                  in Table 50. Detailed alternative plan descriptions are listed
                  in Table 51. Alternative plans are shown on Plates 18 through
                  20.


                       It was determined that the significant environmental
                  impacts of channel modification alternative plans would
                  generally be limited to the destruction of some bottomland
                  hardwood forests that occur in a linear strip along the channel
                  banks. These impacts can be readily mitigated by reforestation
                  of existing cleared lands or by protecting areas of existing
                  forested lands.


                       Existing disposal areas were investigated to avoid the
                  adverse environmental impact. The East Baton Rouge Parish of
                  Public Works identified the parish landfill as the place to
                  haul excavated material. Therefore, the initial cost estimates
                  were developed assuming that excavated material would be hauled
                  to this location. See Plate 51.


























                                                142














                                      TABLE 50


                WARD CREEK    SMMARY OF INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS


         A.LTERNATIVE                         DESCRIPTION




         WCC_P1                     25-Year Concrete-Lined Channel Without
                                    Tributaries


         WCC-P2                     50-Year Concrete-Lined Channel Without
                                    Tributaries


         WCC-P3                     100-Year Concrete-Lined Channel
                                    Without Tributaries


         WC-C-P4                    25-Year Concrete-Lined Channel With
                                    Tributaries; North Branch and Dawson
                                    Creek


         WCC-P5                     50-Year Concrete-Lined Channel With
                                    Tributaries; North Branch and Dawson
                                    Creek


         WCC-P6                     100-Year Concrete-Lined Channel With
                                    Tributaries; North Branch and Dawson
                                    Creek


                                    No Action


         Source: U.S. Army Corps    of Engineers, New Orleans District














                                         143














                                                           TABLE 51


                                           VMM CMM - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS




                       PLAN CHANNEL                   BOTTOM WIDTH       LOCATION


                       NCC-P1
                              Ward Creek              varies             40001 upstream of mouth to
                                                                         the corporate limits. Based
                                                                         on the 25-year concrete-
                                                                         lined channel design.
                                                      601BW              40001 u/s to Highland Road.
                                                      501BW              Highland to Barringer
                                                                         Foreman Rd.
                                                      improve bridge     Barringer Foreman Road.
                                                      801BW              Barringer Foreman to 10001
                                                                         U/s I-10.
                                                      601BW              10001 u/s I-10 to Pecue
                                                                         Lane.
                                                      301BW              Pecue to 33001 d/s
                                                                         Bluebonnet.
                                                      401BW              33001 d/s Bluebonnet-to
                                                                         Bluebonnet.
                                                      301BW              Bluebonnet, to 30001 u/s of
                                                                         Bluebonnet.
                                                      51BW               30001 u/s Bluebonnet to u/s
                                                                         Burden.
                                                      301BW              u/s Burden to u/s I-10.
                                                      151BW              u/s I-10 to corporate
                                                                         limits.
                              Dawson Creek                               No work.
                              North Branch                               No work.


                       WM-P2
                              Ward Creek              varies             40001 upstream to mouth to
                                                                         the corporate limits. Based
                                                                         on the 50-year concrete-
                                                                         lined channel design.
                                                      801BW              40001 u/s to Barringer
                                                                         Foreman.
                                                      improve bridge     Barringer Foreman Road.
                                                      801BW              Barringer Foreman to 10001
                                                                         U/s I-10.
                                                      601BW              10001 u/s I-10 to 30001 u/s
                                                                         of Bluebonnet.
                                                      101BW              30001 u/s Bluebonnet to u/s
                                                                         Burden.
                                                      301BW              u/s Burden to u/s I-10.
                                                      151BW              u/s I-10 to corporate
                                                                         limits.



                                                             144













                                        TABLE 51 (Continued)
                               WARD CREEK - INITIAL ALMNATIVE PLANS



           PLAN    01ANNEL               BOTTOM WIDTH        LOCATION


           WW-P2   (Continued)
                   Dawson Creek                              No work.
                   North Branch                              No work.


           NCC-P3
                   Ward Creek            varies              4000f upstream of mouth to
                                                             the corporate limits. Based
                                                             on the 100-year concrete-
                                                             lined channel design.
                                         90"BW               40001 u/s to Barringer
                                                             Foreman.
                                         improve bridge      Highland Road.
                                         improve bridge      Barringer Foreman Road.
                                         801BW               Barringer Foreman to 1000f
                                                             U/s I-10.
                                         701BW               1000, u/s 1-10 to 30001 u/s
                                                             of Bluebonnet.
                                         401BW               30001 u/s Bluebonnet to u/s
                                                             Burden.
                                         30fBW               u/s Burden to u/s 1-10.
                                         15fBW               u/s I-10 to corporate
                                                             limits.
                   Dawson Creek                              No Work.
                   North Branch                              No Work.


           WCC-P4
                   Ward Creek            varies              40001 upstream of mouth to
                                                             the corporate limits. Based
                                                             on the 25-year concrete-
                                                             lined channel design.
                                         60115W              40001 u/s to Highland Road.
                                         50"BW               Highland to Barringer
                                                             Foreman Road.
                                         improve bridge      Barringer Foreman Road.
                                         80"BW               Barringer Foreman to 1000f
                                                             U/s I-10.
                                         601BW               10001 u/s I-10 to Pecue
                                                             Lane.
                                         301BW               Pecue to 33001 u/s
                                                             Bluebonnet.
                                         40"BW               3300f d/s Bluebonnet to
                                                             Bluebonnet.
                                         301BW               Bluebonnet to 30001 d/s of
                                                             Bluebonnet.





                                                 145












                                                       TABLE 51 (Continued)
                                             WARD CREEK - INITIAL ALTERNAT11VE PLANS




                        PLAN    CELANNEL                BOTTOM WIDTH         LOCATION


                        WCC-P4 (Continued)
                                                        5'BW                 30001 d/s Bluebonnet to u/s
                                                                             Burden.
                                                        301BW                u/s Burden to u/s I-10.
                                                        151BW                u/s 1-10 to corporate
                                                                             limits.
                                Dawson Creek            20"BW                Mouth to College Drive.
                                                        5fBW                 College Drive to Hundred
                                                                             Oaks Drive.
                                North Branch            201BW                Mouth to Florida Blvd.


                        VCC-P5
                                Ward Creek              varies               40001 upstream of mouth to
                                                                             the corporate limits. Based
                                                                             on the 50-year concrete-
                                                                             lined channel design.
                                                        801BW                40001 u/s to Barringer
                                                                             Foreman.
                                                        improve bridge       Barringer Foreman Road.
                                                        801BW                Barringer Foreman to 1000f
                                                                             U/S I-10.
                                                        601BW                10001 u/s I-10 to 30001 u/s
                                                                             of Bluebonnet.
                                                        101BW                30001 u/s Bluebonnet to u/s
                                                                             Burden.
                                                        301BW                u/s Burden to u/s I-10.
                                                        151BW                u/s 1-10 to corporate
                                                                             limits.
                                Dawson Creek            201BW                Mouth to College Drive.
                                                        51BW                 College Drive to Hundred
                                                                             Oaks Drive.
                                North Branch            201BW                Mouth to Florida Blvd.


                        WCC-P6
                                Ward Creek              varies               4000f upstream of mouth to
                                                                             the corporate limits. Based
                                                                             on the 100-year concrete-
                                                                             lined channel design.
                                                                             Modify Barringer Foreman and
                                                                             Highland Road bridges.
                                                        901BW                40001 u/s to Barringer
                                                                             Foreman Rd. -
                                                        improve bridge       Highland Road.
                                                        improve bridge       Barringer Foreman Road.




                                                                146












                                       TABLE 51 (Continued)
                              WARD CREEK - INITIAL ALTERNATnT PLANS


           PLAN   CRANNEL               3BOTT014 WIDTH    LOCATION


           WCC-P6 (Continued)
                                        80'BW             Barringer Foreman to 1000f
                                                          u/S I-10.
                                        701BW             10001 u/s 1-10 to 30001 u/s
                                                          of Bluebonnet.
                                        401BW             30001 u/s Bluebonnet to u/s
                                                          Burden.
                                        301BW             u/s Burden to u/s I-10.
                                        15rBW             u/s I-10 to corporate
                                                          limits.
                  Dawson Creek          201BW             Mouth to College Drive.
                                        51BW              College Drive to Hundred
                                                          Oaks Drive.
                  North Branch          201BW             mouth to Florida Blvd.


           Note: All concrete-lined embankment design slopes 3.OH : 1.0V


           Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District



           Screenincr of --- Initial Alternatives


                 Project costs, benefits, and potential adverse
           environmental impacts were used as the screening mechanisms. In
           this iteration, only major cost items - construction,
           relocations, real estate, and annual operations and maintenance
           were developed. Benefits calculated in this part of the
           analyses were "direct" property inundation flood damage
           reductions plus an estimated percentage (20%) of "indirect"
           flood damage reduction benefits. "Indirect" items include
           such items as public agency emergency costs, flood insurance
           reductions, and lower construction costs within the floodplain.


                 Cost-benefit calculations for each initial alternative
           plan are shown in Table 52. A period of 50 years and an annual
           interest rate of 8.00% were used to calculate equivalent annual
           values. Costs and benefits shown are all relative to the base
           condition or "No Action" Plan. No mitigation cost was
           considered in the initial screening. However, inethods to avoid
           adverse environmental impacts and mitigation were considered in
           the plan formulation.



                                                147











                       The cost-benefit calculations revealed that all six
                  channel modification plans have costs that significantly exceed
                  calculated benefits. Relative to each other, it was determined
                  that there is no significant increase in benefits produced by
                  the 50- or 100-year plans, both with and without inclusion of
                  the tributaries.


                  Reformulation and Analyses of Alternative Plans


                       Reformulation of alternative plans was subsequently
                  considered and two plans were developed. Each of these plans
                  consists of concrete-lined 25-year designed channel for all
                  tributaries and the main stem of Ward Creek only above Siegen
                  Lane. One plan (WCC-P4A) includes minimal clearing and
                  snagging downstream of Siegen Lane, while the other (WCC-P4B)
                  includes the addition of replacing the Barringer Forman Road
                  bridge with some channel widening immediately upstream and
                  downstream of this crossing. In reformulating these plans, the
                  replacement of the Siegen Lane bridge and downstream channel
                  widening to 1200 feet above Pecue Lane were considered. These
                  modifications have been recently constructed and were not
                  considered in the screening of initial alternative plans. It
                  was determined that these modifications have some significant
                  effect on lowering flood stages in the lower Ward and lower
                  Dawson Creeks' reaches. These effects were, therefore,
                  incorporated into the without project conditions at this point
                  of the analyses. Reformulated alternative plans are described
                  in Table 53 and are shown on Plate 21.

























                                                148














                                                   TABLE 52


                                  NAM CREEK - INITIAL ALTERNAT11M PLANS


                                       CALCULATM BENEFITS AND COSTS



                                          EQUIVALENT
                                          ANNUAL COST     INUNDATION
                         FIRST            (INCLUDING      REDUCTION        NET               B/C
             PLAN        COST             O&M)            BENEFITS         BENEFITS          RATIO

             WCC_P1      $45,371,000      $4,350,000      $3,012,000       ($1,338,000)       0.69
             WCC-P2      $52,553,000      $5,037,000      $3,026,000       ($2,011,000)       0.60
             WCC-P3      $58,767,000      $5,632,000      $3,101,000       ($2,531,000)       0.55
             WCC-P4      $84,999,000      $8,144,000      $4,826,000       ($3,318,000)       0.59
             WCC-P5      $92,142,000      $8,828,000      $4,845,000       ($3, 983, 00 0)    0.55
             WCC-P6      $98,271,000      $9,414,000      $4,860,000       ($4,554,000)       0.52

             SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS      OF ENGINEERS,   NEW ORLEANS  DISTRICT



                   Cost-benefit calculations for the reformulated plans are
             shown in Table 54. As with the initial alternative plans, the
             two reformulation plans were also determined to have higher
             costs relative to their benefits produced.

                   At this point of the analysis, plans were further
             reformulated scaling down project size. Examination of flood
             reduction benefits and estimated costs for incremental reaches
             in Plans WCC-P4A and WCC-P4B indicated the following:


             0     Paving the main stem of Ward Creek would not be cost-
                   effective; clearing and snagging the main stem of Ward
                   Creek may be cost-effective.


             0     Relocation of the Barringer Foreman Road bridge would
                   likely produce only marginal net benefits.


             0     Paving the lower reach of the North Branch Tributary below
                   1-12 would likely be cost-effective; paving above 1-12
                   would not likely be cost-effective.

             0     Paving the lower one-half of Dawson Creek up to Kenilworth
                   Parkway may be cost-effective; paving above this point
                   would not likely be cost-effective.





                                                       149













                                                         TABLE 53


                                               NAM CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES
                                CHANNEL MODIFICATION ALTERNATIVES: WCC-P" AND NCC-P4B



                      Stream             Reach                               Type of Improvement


                      PLAN WCC-P4A       Earthen and Concrete Improvements


                      Ward Creek         Mouth to 4000 ft. upstream          No Work.
                                         4000 ft upstream to 1200 ft         Minimal Clearing and
                                           upstream Pecue Lane                  Snagging.
                                         1200 ft. upstream Pecue Lane        No Work: 1501 BW by
                                           to Siegen Lane                       Developer made,
                                                                                Siegen Br replaced.
                                         Siegen Ln. to 3300 ft down-         Concrete-Line:
                                           stream of Bluebonnet Rd.             301BW, IV on 3H SS
                                         3300 ft. downstream Bluebonnet      Concrete-Line:
                                           Rd. to Bluebonnet Rd.                401BW, IV on 3H SS
                                         Bluebonnet Rd. to I-10              Concrete-Line:
                                                                                301BW, IV on 3H SS
                                         1-10 to corporate limits            Concrete-Line:
                                                                                151BW, IV on 3H SS
                                         Corporate limits to                 Clear Existing
                                           Choctaw Drive                        Concrete Channels


                      North Branch       Mouth to Florida Blvd               Concrete-Line:
                      Ward Creek                                                201BW, IV on 3H SS


                      Dawson Creek       Mouth to College (Lee) Dr           Concrete-Line:
                                                                                201BW, IV on 3H SS
                                         College Dr to Hundred Oaks          Concrete-Line:
                                           Drive                                51BW, IV on 3H SS
























                                                           150












                                           TABLE 53 (Continued)


                                       WARD CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES
                       CHANNEL MODIFICATION ALTERX&TnMS: WCC-P4A AIM MCC-P4B





            Channel             Reach                                   TVpe of Improvement


            PLAN WCC-P4B        Earthen and Concrete Improvements


            Ward Creek          Mouth to 4000 ft upstream               No Work
                                4000 ft upstream to                     Minimal Clearing and
                                  Barringer Foreman Rd                    Snagging
                                Barringer Foreman Road                  Replace Bridge;
                                  Bridge                                  Improve Channel
                                                                          Immediately u/s
                                                                          and d/s of Bridge
                                Barringer Foreman Rd to                 minimal Clearing and
                                  1200 ft u/s Pecue Ln                    Snagging
                                1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane to               No Work: 1501 BW
                                  Siegen Lane                             by Developer made,
                                                                          Siegen Br replaced
                                Siegen Ln to 3300 ft d/s                Concrete-Line:
                                  of Bluebonnet Rd                        301BW, IV on   3H SS
                                3300 ft d/s Bluebonnet                  Concrete-Line:
                                  Rd to Bluebonnet Rd                     401BW, IV on   3H SS
                                Bluebonnet Rd to I-10                   Concrete-Line:
                                                                          30FBW, IV on   3H SS
                                I-10 to corporate limits                Concrete-Line:
                                                                          151BW, IV on   3H SS
                                Corporate limits to                     Clear Existing
                                  Choctaw Drive                           Concrete Channels


            North Branch        Mouth to Florida Blvd                   Concrete-Line:
                                                                          201BW, IV on 3H SS

            Dawson Creek        Mouth to College (Lee) Blvd             Concrete-Line:
                                                                          201BW, IV on 3H SS
                                College Dr to Hundred                  --t-oncrete-Line:
                                  Oaks Drive                              51BW, IV on 3H SS


            Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District












                                                     151














                                                           TABLE 54


                                    WARD CREEK - ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PLANS P" MM P4B


                       PLAN       FIRST           ANNUAL         INUNDATION     NET             B/C
                                  COST            COST           REDUCTION      BENEFITS        RATIO
                                                                 BENEFITS


                       WCC-P4A    $66,100,000     $6,106,000     $2,294,000      ($3,812,000)   0.38
                       WCC-P4B    $68,000,000     $6,280,000     $2,472,000      ($3,808,000)   0.39


                       SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS    OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS  DISTRICT




                             In consideration of the above, Plan WCC-P4B was eliminated
                       and Plan WCC-P4A was further reformulated. Four plans
                       (WCC-P4Al - WCC-P4A4) incorporating the above were developed
                       and are listed in Table 55 and are shown on Plates 22 and 23.
                       These plans consist of paving the North Branch Tributary to
                       1-12 along with the four combinations of clearing and sn                'agging
                       the main stem of Ward Creek to its termination at Choctaw Drive
                       or partially up to the North Branch Tributary confluence, and,
                       paving or not paving, Dawson Creek from its mouth to Kenilworth
                       Parkway. At this point, plans for the North Branch Tributary
                       were changed to incorporate an existing 1,200-foot paved reach
                       between I-10 and 1-12. This section has a 32-foot wide bottom
                       width and the proposed section for North Branch was enlarged to
                       match this reach.


                             Clearing and snagging of the Dawson Creek and North Branch
                       Tributaries were not included. Unlike the main stem of Ward
                       Creek, existing rights-of-way on these tributaries are limited
                       with significant property development bordering the
                       streambanks. Clearing and snagging may accelerate existing
                       bank erosion in these tributaries and have significant adverse
                       effects on the bordering properties.











                                                               152














                                             TABLE 55
                                   WARD CREEK ALTERNAMT PLANS
                                       WCC-P4A1 - VCC-P4A4



           Stream            Reach                                TVpe of Improvement


           PLAN WCC-P4Al      Earthen and Concrete Improvements


           Ward Creek        Mouth to 4000 ft upstream            No Work
                             4000 ft upstream to                  Minimal Clearing and
                               1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane               Snagging
                             1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane to             No Work; 1501 BW
                               Siegen Lane                          by Developer made,
                                                                    Siegen Br replaced
                             Siegen Lane to Choctaw Drive         Minimal Clearing and
                                                                    Snagging


           North Branch      Mouth to 1-12                        Concrete-Line:
           Ward Creek                                               32" BW, IV on 3H SS
                             1-12-to Florida Blvd                 No Work


           Dawson Creek      Mouth to Kenilworth Blvd             Concrete-Line:
                                                                    201 BW, IV on 3H SS
                             Kenilworth Blvd to                   No Work
                               Hundred Oaks Drive


           Bayou             Mouth to Darymple Drive              No Work
           Duplantier


           PLAN WCC-P4A2    Earthen and Concrete ImProvements


           Ward Creek        Mouth to 4000 ft upstream            No Work
                             4000 ft upstream to                  Minimal Clearing and
                               1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane               Snagging
                             1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane to            No Work: 1501 BW
                               Siegen Lane                          by Developer made,
                                                                    Siegen Br replaced
                             Siegen Ln to Choctaw Dr              Minimal Clearing and
                                                                    Snagging


           North Branch      Mouth to 1-12                        Concrete-Line:
           Ward Creek                                               321 BW, IV on 3H SS
                             1-12 to Florida Blvd                 No Work


           Dawson Creek      Mouth to Kenilworth Blvd             No Work
                             Kenilworth Blvd to                   No Work
                               Hundred Oaks Drive


           Bayou             Mouth to Darymple Drive              No Work
           Duplantier



                                               153












                                                    TABLE 55 (Continued)
                                                VAM CF=X ALTERNATIVE PLANS
                                                    WCC-P4A3. - NCC-P4A4




                       Stream             Reach                                  Type of Improvement


                       PLAN WCC-P4A3     Earthen and Concrete Improvements-

                       Ward Creek         Mouth to 4000 ft upstream              No Work
                                          4000 ft upstream to                    Minimal Clearing and
                                            1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane                 Snagging
                                          1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane to              No Work: 1501 BW
                                            Siegen Lane                            by Developer made,
                                                                                   Siegen Br replaced
                                          Siegen Ln to Mouth of                  Minimal Clearing and
                                            North Br Ward Ck                       Snagging
                                          North Br Ward Ck to                    No Work
                                            Choctaw Dr


                       North Branch       Mouth to 1-12                          Concrete-Line:
                       Ward Creek                                                  32f BWf 1V on 3H SS
                                          1-12 to Florida Blvd                   No Work


                       Dawson Creek       Mouth to Kenilworth Blvd               Concrete-Line:
                                                                                   201 BW, 1V on 3H SS
                                          Kenilworth Blvd to                     No Work-
                                            Hundred Oaks Dr


                       Bayou              Mouth to Darymple Drive                No Work
                       Duplantier


                       PLAN WCC-P4A4       Earthen and Concrete Improvements


                       Ward Creek         mouth to 4000 ft upstream              No Work
                                          4000 ft upstream to                    Minimal Clearing and
                                            1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane                 Snagging
                                          1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane to              No Work: 150 BW
                                            Siegen Lane                            by Developer made,,
                                                                                   Siegen Br replaced
                                          Siegen Ln to  Mouth of                 Minimal Clearing and
                                            North Br Ward Ck                       Snagging
                                          North Br Ward Ck to                    No Work
                                            Choctaw Dr


                       North Branch       Mouth to 1-12                          Concrete-Line:
                       Ward Creek                                                  321 BWf 1V on 3H SS
                                          1-12 to Florida,Blvd                   No Work






                                                              154












                                       TABLE 55 (Continued)
                                   WARD CREEK ALTERNATIW PLANS
                                       _NCC-P4A1 - WCC-P"4



           Stream             Reach                                Type of Improvement


           PLAN WCC-P4A4       Earthen and Concrete Improvements (Continued)


           Dawson Creek       Mouth to Kenilworth Blvd             No Work
                              Kenilworth Blvd to                   No Work
                                Hundred Oaks Dr


           Bayou              Mouth to Darymple Drive              No Work
           Duplantier


           Source: U.S.-Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District



                 Flood reduction benefits were calculated for the above
           four plans. From these figures, it was clear from only a
           cursory estimate of incremental costs, that clearing and
           snagging all of the main stem of Ward Creek is cost-effective
           and that paving the lower one-half of Dawson Creek is not cost-
           effective.


                 In addition to these findings, consideration was given to
           the East Baton Rouge Parish Department of Public Works'
           interest in paving North Branch up to 1,800 feet above Old
           Hammond Highway where large interceptor channels flow into this
           tributary.

                 In consideration of the above, two plans were developed
           for further analysis. Each plan included minimal channel
           clearing and snagging of all of the main stem of Ward Creek.
           Plan WCC-P4A5 calls for paving the North Branch Tributary to
           1-12 only. Plan WCC-P4A6 includes paving North Branch to
           1,800 feet above Hammond Highway. Plan details are listed in
           Table 56 and are shown on Plate 24.












                                                155














                                                           TABLE 56


                                               WARD QMEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS


                                                    WCC-P4A5 AM WCC-P4A6


                       Stream             Reach                                  Type of Improvement


                       PLAN WCC-P4A5       Earthen and Concrete Improvements


                       Ward Creek         Mouth to 4000 ft upstream              No Work
                                          4000 ft upstream to                    Minimal Clearing and
                                            1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane                 Snagging
                                          1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane to              No Work; 1501 BW
                                            Siegen Lane                            by Developer made,
                                                                                   Siegen Br replaced
                                          Siegen Lane to Corporate Blvd          Minimal Clearing and
                                                                                   Snagging


                       North Branch       Mouth to 1-12                          Concrete-Line:
                       Ward Creek                                                  321 BWr 1V on 3H SS
                                          1-12 to Florida Blvd                   No Work


                       Dawson Creek       Mouth to Bayou Duplantier              Minimal Clearing and
                                                                                   Snagging
                                          Bayou Duplantier to                    No Work
                                            Hundred Oaks Drive


                       Bayou              Mouth to Darymple Drive                No Work
                       Duplantier


                       PLAN WCC-P4A6     Earthen and Concrete Improvements


                       Ward Creek         Mouth to 4000 ft upstream              No Work
                                          4000 ft upstream to                    Minimal Clearing and
                                            1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane                 Snagging
                                          1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane to              No Work: 1501 BW
                                            Siegen Lane                            by Developer made,.
                                                                                   Siegen Br replaced
                                          Siegen Ln to Corporate Blvd            Minimal Clearing and
                                                                                   Snagging


                       North Branch       Mouth to 1-12                          Concrete-Line:
                       Ward Creek                                                  321 BW, 1V on 3H SS
                                          1-12 to 1800 ft u/s of                 Concrete-Line:
                                            Old Hammond Hwy                        201 BWr 1V on 3H




  0                                                           156












                                          TABLE 56 (Continued)


                                     NAM CREEK - ALTERNATIVE PLANS


                                         VCC-P4A5 AND WOC-P4A6


            PLAN WCC-P4A6     Earthen and Concrete Improvements (Continued)


            Stream             Reach                                   TVpe of Improvement


            Dawson Creek       Mouth to Bayou Duplantier               minimal Clearing and
                                                                         Snagging
                               Bayou Duplantier to                     No Work
                                  Hundred Oaks Drive


            Bayou              Mouth to Darymple Drive                 No Work
            Duplantier


            Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District


                  A detailed cost and flood reduction benefit analysis was
            performed on these two plans. The results of which are shown
            in Table 51. It was determined that only Plan WCC-P4A5 has
            positive net benefits. Plan WCC-P4A6 was not considered
            further.


                                                 TABLE 57
                        NAM CREEK - ECONOKIC ANALYSIS OF PLANS P4A5 AND P4A6


            PLAN        FIRST          ANNUAL          INUNDATION      NET            B/C
                        COST           COST            REDUCTION       BENEFITS       RATIO
                                                       BENEFITS


            WCC-P4A5    $ 9,434,000    $   932,000     $1,032,000       $100,000      1.11
            WCC-P4A6    $17,785,000    $1,704,000      $1,214,000      ($490,000)     0.71


            SOURCE:   U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS,    NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT



            Analysis of Final Alternatives


                  Plans selected for final evaluation were: WCC-P4A5 (see
            description above) and No Action. Final alternative plans were
            evaluated relative to National Economic Development,
            Environmental Quality, Regional Economic Development, and
            Social Effects. A summary of this analyses is shown in
            Table 58.



                                                    157











                  National Economic Development (NED)

                       In the final analysis, environmental mitigation costs were
                  included in each alternative plan's cost. It should be noted
                  that the mitigation plan combines all mitigation requirements
                  from all watersheds. Consolidating mitigation sites was
                  determined to be far more practical than establishing
                  individual mitigation sites for each watershed in the study
                  area. Costs were prorated to each watershed based on
                  alternative plan habitat losses. A complete description of the
                  mitigation plan can be found in the Environmental Appendix (E).

                       Alternative plan benefits and costs are listed in Table
                  58. As in the initial screenings, a period of 50 years and
                  8.00% annual interest were used. Relative to No Action, the
                  single channel modification plan, WCC-P4A5 has significant net
                  economic development benefits relative to No Action.


                  Environmental Quality

                       Impacts on the following environmental factors were
                  evaluated for each final alternative plan:


                       -  Agricultural Lands
                       -  Forestlands
                       -  Threatened and Endangered Species
                       -  Aquatic Resources and Water Quality
                       -  Sedimentation
                       -  Air Quality
                       -  Historic Places
                       -  Cultural Properties

                  Detailed analyses of these factors can be found in the
                  Environmental Impact Statement and Appendix E. Impacts are
                  listed in summary in Table 58.

                       The only environmental impacts produced by the final
                  alternative plans affect agricultural lands and forestlands.
                  Alternative Plan WCC-P4A5 directly impacts a significant
                  quantity of forestlands. This in turn indirectly._impacts
                  agricultural lands as they are proposed to be converted to
                  forestlands as mitigation for same. The loss of these
                  agricultural land acres is not considered to be significant for
  0                                             158










         this area. Flood stage lowerings associated with Plan WCC-P4A5
         reduces the size of the 100-year floodplain.

              Plan WCC-P4A5 is the only action alternative included in
         the final array of alternatives. No other economically
         feasible action alternative was retained for comparison.


         Regional Economic Development


              Reducing, flood damage frequency and cost will improve
         economic growth, employment, property valuation, and tax
         revenue in the region. Conversely, allowing flooding to
         continue to occur could likely result in decreasing same.
         Direct economic benefits to existing property is included in
         the NED estimates above. Induced economic benefits are
         speculative to a large degree and are not calculated directly
         into the benefit-cost analysis. These items are addressed in
         the Economic Appendix H and are listed in summary in Table 58.

              Plan WCC-P4A5 will significantly reduce flooding frequency
         and cost and therefore is far preferable to No Action given
         economic development considerations.


         Social Effects


              Social effects considered in evaluating each alternative
         plan are listed in Table 58. Health, safety, and the quality
         of community life will obviously be significantly improved by
         the channel modification plan.


         Trade-Off Analyses and Plan Selection


              The economic and social benefits of the-c-hannel
         modification alternative plan are far more significant than the
         slight environmental quality advantage of No Action. In
         consideration of project uncertainties, Plan WCC-P4A5 appears
         to have a high probability of having economic benefits relative
         to No Action and was therefore chosen as the Tentatively
         Selected Plan for this watershed.








                                       159



















                                                                                                      TABLE 58
                                                                     WARD CREEK FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS




                          ITEM                                                    WCC-PA5                                                           NO ACTION
                                                                                  (TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN)


                          PLAN DESCRIPTION                                        CONCRETE LINED NORTH BRANCH
                                                                                  I-10 TO 1-12; MINIMAL CLEARING
                                                                                  AND SNAGGING MAIN CHANNEL AND
                                                                                  DAWSON CREEK TO BAYOU DUPLANTIER


                          NATIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT


                          A. PROJECT FIRST COST                                   $9,434,000                                                        $0


                          B.  O&M COST                                            s 51,000                                                          $0


                          C.  TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS                          $ 932,000                                                         $0


                          D.  TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS                       $1,032,000                                                        $0


                          E.  NET ANNUAL BENEFITS                                 s 100,000                                                         $0


                          F.  BENEFIT-COST RATIO                                     1.11                                                           N/A



                          ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY


                          A. AGRICULTURAL LANDS                                   28 ACRES DIRECTLY IMPACTED                                        SOME ADVERSE IMPACT DUE TO
                                                                                  BY FOREST REPLANTING                                              RECURRING FLOODING


                          B. FORESTLANDS                                          22 ACRES AFFECTED BY PROJECT;                                     NO IMPACT
                                                                                  28 ACRES WOULD BE CREATED
                                                                                  VIA MITIGATION


                          C. THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES                    NONE AFFECTED                                                     NONE AFFECTED


                          D. AQUATIC RESOURCES AND WATER QUALITY                  SHORT-TERM ADVERSE IMPACT;                                        NOIMPACT
                                                                                  REDUCED DIVERSITY; INCREASED
                                                                                  TEMPERATURES









                                                                               TABLE 58 (CONTINUED)
                                                         WARD CREEK FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS



                      ITEM                                           wcc-PAs (TSP)                                  NO AMON


                      E. SEDIMENTATION                               pRojECT WILL REDUCE STREAMBANK                 EROSION RATES ARE HIGH IN THE UPPER REACHES
                                                                     EROSION AND WILL SLIGHTLY
                                                                     IMPROVE SEDIMENTATION


                      F. AIR QUALITY                                 MINOR SHORT-TERM IMPACTS                       NOIMPACT
                                                                     DURING CONSTRUCTION


                      G. NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES        NO IMPACT                                      NOIMPACT


                      H. CULTURAL PROPERTIES                         VERY SLIGHT CHANCE OF                          NO IMPACT
                                                                     UNCOVERING UNKNOWN SITES
                                                                     DURING CONSTRUCTION


             IV.      REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT


                      A. REGIONAL INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT              IMPROVED VALUE WILL LIKELY                     INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE
                                                                     FACILITATE URBAN GROWTH                        REDUCED DUE TO RECURRING FLOODING


                      B. REGIONAL GROWTH AND BUSINESS ACTIVITY       INCREASED EMPLOYMENT FOR                       INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE
                                                                     CONSTRUCTION; BETTER ECONOMIC                  REDUCED DUE TO RECURRING FLOODING
                                                                     CLIMATE DUE TO REDUCTION IN
                                                                     FLOOD THREAT


                      C. TAX REVENUE                                 IMPROVED FLOOD PROTECTION WILL                 INCOME AND BUSINESS MAY BE
                                                                     STABILIZE TAX BASE                             REDUCED DUE TO RECURRING FLOODING


                      D. PROPE RTY VALUE                             IMPROVED FLOOD PROTECTION WILL                 PROPERTY VALUES MAY DECLINE
                                                                     LIKELY STABILIZE OR RAISE                      DUE TO RECURRING FLOODING
                                                                     PROPERTY VALUES















                                                                                TABLE S8 (CONTINUED)
                                                          WARD CREEK FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS



                      ITEM                                           WCC-PAS (TSP)                                  NO ACTION


              V.      OTHER SOCIAL EFFECTS


                      A. URBAN AND COMMUNITY IMPACTS                 POSITIVE IMPACTS DUE TO IMPROVED               ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                     FLOOD PROTECTION                               FLOOD THREAT


                      B. LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY                    THREAT TO LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY             RECURRING FLOODS THREATEN
                                                                     REDUCED                                        LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY


                      C. DISPLACEMENT                                NONE EXPECTED                                  NOIMPACT


                      D. LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY                      POSITIVE IMPACT DUE TO REDUCED                 ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                     FLOOD THREAT                                   FLOOD THREAT


                      E. LEISURE                                     NOIMPACT                                       NOIMPACT


                      F. AESTHETIC                                   SOME ADVERSE IMPACT BY REMOVING                NOIMPACT
                                                                     TREES FROM CHANNELS; MITIGATED
                                                                     WITH REPLANTED TREE LINE


                      G. COMMUNITY COHESION                          PRESERVED DUE TO REDUCED FLOOD                 ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                     THREAT                                         FLOOD THREAT


                      H. COMMUNITY GROWTH                            POSITIVE IMPACT DUE TO REDUCED                 ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                     FLOOD THREAT                                   FLOOD THREAT


                      1. TRANSPORTATION                              MINOR DISRUPTION DURING                        SOME ADVERSE IMPACTS
                                                                     CONSTRUCTION; IMPROVED SITUATION               DURING FLOOD EVENTS
                                                                     BY REDUCING FLOODING


                      J. NOISE                                       MINOR INCREASE IN NOISE DURING                 NO IMPACT
                                                                     CONSTRUCTION


                      K. QUALITY OF LEM                              REDUCED FLOODING WILL                          ADVERSE IMPACTS FOR THOSE
                                                                     SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVE THE                      AFFECTED BY FLOODING


              SOURCE: US. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT













         BAYOU FOUNTAIN



              The Bayou Fountain Watershed is located in the southern
         portion of East Baton Rouge Parish (see Plate 9). Bayou
         Fountain originates on the Louisiana State University Campus
         and generally flows in a southeasterly direction into Bayou
         Manchac. The major tributaries to Bayou Fountain are Elbow
         Bayou, Bayou Fountain North Branch, Bayou Fountain South
         Branch, and Selene Bayou. Bayou Fountain and tributaries drain
         about 40 square miles.


              The principal residential developments in the Bayou
         Fountain drainage area lie on the bluff adjacent to Louisiana
         State Highway 42 (Highland Road) and also in areas adjacent to
         Louisiana State Highway 30 (Nicholson Drive) just south of
         Louisiana State University. In recent years, developments have
         migrated to floodplain areas. Land use maps for 1972, 1978,
         and 1985 are shown on Plates 28, 29, and 30 of Appendix J.
         The watershed is largely agricultural and forestlands comprise
         about 72 percent of the watershed. The watershed is about
         26 percent urban. It is located near major traffic arteries
         and industrial sites along the river. The watershed serves as
         a place of residence for workers in Baton Rouge and along the
         river. Commercial growth is strong in the area. The watershed
         has a very great potential for future growth as it is located
         near the center of the city of Baton Rouge and to the
         university. It also borders the Mississippi River, which
         provides opportunities for industrial expansion.


              There are approximately 2,400 residential and commercial
         structures within various floodplains in the watershed. The
         distribution of structures within the various-floodplains is
         shown in Table 59. The approximate 10-year floodplain boundary
         is shown on Plate 9. Calculated existing equivalent annual
         flood damages for all subbasins in this watershed are listed in
         Table 60. Methodology used in calculating these values can be
         found in Economics Appendix H.

              Both headwater and backwater flooding occur in this basin.
         Most flood damage results from headwater conditions. Heavy
         rainfall inside the watershed itself often causes headwater
         flooding immediately above Siegen Lane where stage


                                       163










                                    differentials of several feet occur upstream to Gardere Lane.
                                    Significant headwater flooding also occurs in the upper basin
                                    on the Louisiana State University campus. Stages also rise to
                                    structure damaging levels when the Amite River rises to flood
                                    stage levels. Water from the Amite River backs into Bayou
                                    Manchac, which in turn backs into Bayou Fountain. Backwater
                                    flooding occurs from Bayou Fountain's mouth upstream to just
                                    above Siegen Lane. In January 1993, some residents close to
                                    Siegen Lane experienced a "two-phase" flood. Immediately
                                    following the r-ain event, headwaters passed through Bayou
                                    Fountain causing flooding, then subsiding. About 12 to 24
                                    hours later, the rise in the Amite River from the same rainfall
                                    event upstream caused a rise in Bayou Fountain, which again
                                    caused flooding of some of the same structures near Siegen
                                    Lane.






                                                                                               TABLE 59


                                                 BAYOU FOUNTAIN - DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES WrrkUN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS






                                    BASIN       S*IRUCTURE         0-10         10-25        25-50     50-100        100-500 ABOVE SM             ALL FLOOD
                                    NO.         CATEGORY           YEAR         YEAR         YEAR      YEAR          YEAR       YEAR              ZONES


                                    BASIN NAh1E: BAYOU FOUNTAIN


                                    29          1-STORY             41          130          26           33         531          432             1,193
                                                2-STORY             7           50           113          5          196          133                504
                                                MOBILE HOW          0            0           0            0          0              6                 6
                                                APT.BLDGS.          39          125          101          10         54            39                368
                                                CONDAERCLALL 8                  22           11           45         112           82                280
                                                TOTAL               95          327          251          93         893          692             2,351


                                    SOURCE U.S ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT



















                                                                                                  164












                                      TABLE 60


                                   BAYOU FOUNTAIN
            CALCULATED WITHOUT PROJECT- EQUIVALENT ANNUAL FLOOD DANAGES



         BASIN                 REACH          EQUIVALENT ANNUAL DAMAGES
                                              WITHOUT PROJECT


         29                    A                    $  194,000
                               B                    $         0
                               C                    $   16,000
                               D                    $  274,000
                               Dl                   $  117,000
                               D2                   $   74,000
                               E                    s   15fooo
                               G                    $  296,000
                               H                    $   21,000
                               I                    $   77,000
                               12                   $  221,000
                               K                    $     21000
                               L                    $   63,000
                               M                    $  285,000


                               TOTAL                $1,655,000


            2ND QUARTER 1994 PRICE  LEVELS


         SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT



















                                         165













                  POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD DAMAGES


                  Structural Measures


                  (See Plates 25-41)


                  Detention/Retention Storage


                      Due to the lack of topographical relief in this watershed,
                  detention/retention storage basins were determined to be
                  impractical. Required basin containment structures, primarily
                  earthen levees, in conjunction with land requirements would be
                  excessive in order to achieve significant flow retention.


                  Channel Modifications


                      Channel improvements to the main stem and both tributaries
                  of Bayou Fountain were determined to be practical options and
                  were investigated.


                      Various channel modification plans were developed for the
                  Bayou Fountain watershed. The plan generally consists of about
                  11 miles of channel modification along Bayou Fountain. Because
                  backwater from Bayou Manchac extends from the mouth of Bayou
                  Fountain to just upstream of the Siegen Lane bridge, the plans
                  were designed to provide various levels of protection in the
                  headwater reaches. In general, the channel modifications were
                  sized to contain headwater flows within banks for the design
                  frequencies. However, for the 100-year design, high backwater
                  stages make it impractical to design a channel enlargement
                  to put the flood stages within banks. In addition, because the
                  10-year design required upstream channel enlargement, a minimum
                  channel design (clearing and snagging only) was-also developed
                  for this stream. Soil conditions along the channels will
                  likely allow channel widening without special erosion
                  protection. In addition, plans were developed where the
                  earthen channel designs were concrete lined and the levels of
                  protection were determined.




  0                                             166











         Pumping Stations


         (Pumping Station at the Mouth of Bayou Fountain)

              This pumping station scheme consists of a containment
         levee at the mouth of Bayou Fountain, gravity outlets for
         normal daily discharges, and a pumping station for flood
         events. The containment levee prevents Bayou Manchac's
         backwater flows from filling the large sump area on Bayou
         Fountain below the SiegerfLane bridge. The sump area is used
         to store Bayou Fountain discharges and, therefore, minimizes
         the required pumping station capacities.


              The containment levee is located approximately 1,500 feet
         upstream of the mouth and runs generally in a northeast to
         southwest direction where it meets the natural ridge
         paralleling Bayou Manchac. It follows the ridge maintaining a
         crest elevation of 18.0 feet NGVD until it meets higher ground.
         The crest elevation was set at the 100-year flood elevation
         plus 2 feet of freeboard.


              Pumping station capacities of 300, 600, and 900 cfs were
         considered for this alternative. Each design consisted of
         three pumps. The average daily stage of the sump area is
         2.3 feet NGVD based on 35 years of daily stage recordings at
         the Spanish Lake floodgate on Alligator Bayou. For each of
         these alternatives, it was assumed that the first pump would be
         turned on when sump pool stages exceeded 3.5 feet NGVD.


              Gravity outlets, three concrete box culverts, were
         designed to pass interior flows up to the 25-year discharges,
         minus the pumping station capacity, with a minimum of 3 feet of
         head. They were located in the containment levee with an
         invert elevation of 0.0 feet NGVD.


              Hydraulic analyses indicate that this pumping station
         scheme produces stage lowerings of 0-5 feet in the sump area,
         however, the impact on upstream reaches becomes minimal. At
         Ben Hur Road, only 0.1 - 0.2 feet of lowering can be achieved.






                                       167











                  (Pumping Station on Elbow Bayou)


                       Elbow Bayou, a tributary of Bayou Fountain, has a total
                  drainage are of approximately 15 square miles. As such, an
                  alternative was considered that would remove the majority of
                  Elbow Bayou flows from Bayou Fountain. Openings along Highway
                  30 for Elbow Bayou drainage to Bayou Fountain would be closed
                  and existing channels would be enlarged to convey Elbow Bayou
                  drainage towards the Mississippi River levee, where a pumping
                  station would pass the flows over the levee into the river.

                       The pumping station would be located at the Mississippi
                  River levee near River Mile 220. This location would allow
                  Elbow Bayou flows to be stored in the low area near this
                  station. The pumping station would consist of five 250 cfs
                  pumps. The pump capacity was sized such that interior stages
                  would not exceed existing conditions on Elbow Bayou. The first
                  pump would be turned on when interior stages in the sump
                  exceeded 16.0 feet NGVD. The pumps would be required to lift
                  discharges over the Mississippi River levee which has a design
                  grade, at this location, of 47.5 feet NGVD. In addition,
                  approximately 3.5 miles of channel enlargement and development
                  would be required to convey the flows to the sump area and to
                  the pumping station.


                       The results of this alternative indicate that peak stages
                  on Bayou Fountain are not significantly reduced (0.2 feet) by
                  removing the Elbow Bayou basin west of Highway 30. This occurs
                  because the Elbow Bayou hydrograph is attenuated and its peak
                  is reduced'when routed through the natural sump area between
                  Highway 30 and Burbank Drive. Because of the small impact on
                  Bayou Fountaints flood stages, this alternative was eliminated
                  from further consideration.


                  (Pumping Station Located on Upper Bayou Fountain)


                       Flood damages currently occur in a concentrated area on
                  the Louisiana State University campus at the very upstream
                  portion of the basin. An alternative plan to reduce these
                  damages was developed. This plan consists of placing a pumping
                  station on the South Branch Tributary and pumping either to the
                  Mississippi River, or, in-line to South Branch Tributary. In
                  both cases, upstream stages would be reduced. In diverting


                                                168











         flow to the riverf additional flood damage reduction occurs
         downstream.


              Three pumping station capacities of 700, 525, and 350 cfs
         were analyzed. It was determined that existing upstream
         channel capacity limits the effectiveness of the proposed
         pumping stations. Upstream channel widening was therefore
         included in the pumping station plan. With or without the
         upstream channel modification, it was determined that the 350
         cfs station has virtually the same effectiveness as the larger
         capacities. Designs and costs were therefore only developed
         for the 350 cfs station.


              Diverting flood flow to the Mississippi River, or,
         blocking the main channel and pumping in-line back to the
         channel were considered. In diverting flow to the river, some
         downstream benefits are realized. Pumping in-line to the bayou
         can be accomplished without increasing downstream stages. The
         advantage of such a plan is a net lower cost associated with
         constructing a floodwall and levee across the bayou in lieu of
         effluent pipelines and outfall to the river. While some
         special operational procedures would be required under some
         flood scenarios, in-line pumping can be done without raising
         downstream stages. This is due to the fact that existing flow
         rates can be maintained while water levels immediately upstream
         of the station are lowered by the pumps. This plan would
         likely have, however, a public acceptance problem. Downstream
         residents would likely perceive that this station would
         increase flooding in their area and therefore not support the
         plan.


              A significant uncertainty exists with these plans
         regarding seepage flows from the Mississippi--R-iver. Medium to
         high river levels currently cause moderate to severe seepage
         flows in the South Branch Tributary. This flow rate is not
         known, but may influence the effectiveness of the proposed
         pumping station. Channel maintenance is also a concern given
         artificial drawdowns induced by the proposed pumping station
         under high river conditions.







                                       169











                  Floodgate

                       An alternative plan using a floodgatestructure in the
                  containment levee in place of a pumping station was considered.
                  Like the pumping station alternatives, this alternative would
                  prevent flows due to backwater from Bayou Manchac from entering
                  the Bayou Fountain sump area. Historically, stages in Bayou
                  Fountain will usually peak before the Bayou Manchac backwater,
                  thereby allowing flood flows from Bayou Fountain to pass
                  through the proposed floodgates. As stages rose on Bayou
                  Manchac, the floodgates would close and Bayou Fountain flows
                  would be stored in the sump area. The floodgate structure was
                  sized to pass the 25-year flow with a head of 3 feet. Interior
                  stages above the sump area would not exceed existing conditions
                  stages. The floodgate would consist of two 81 x 81 concrete
                  box culverts with flapgates placed in the containment levee
                  with an invert elevation of 0.0 feet NGVD.


                       This plan, like the pumping station plan, provides
                  additional storage capacity by preventing backwater from
                  filling the sump area. However, upstream of the sump area,
                  flood stages were only reduced by 0 to 0.5 feet.


                  Combination of Structural Plans


                       Additional alternatives were studied in which the pump
                  station and floodgate plans located at the bayou's mouth were
                  combined with selected earthen, concrete-lined, and minimum
                  channel improvements. The addition of the pumping station or
                  the floodgate provided additional stage lowerings over those
                  provided by the channel improvements alone of about 1.0 to
                  5.0 feet in the sump area near the mouth of Bayou Fountain and
                  of about 0.5 feet to 1.5 feet near the upper limit of the
                  backwater effects near Siegen Lane. However, in the headwater
                  reaches above Siegen Lane, where most flood damages occur, the
                  additional stage lowerings are generally less than 0.2 feet.
                  As a result, the addition of pump stations or floodgates to the
                  channel modification plans provides minimal additional flood
                  control benefits.


                       The pumping station alternative proposed for Upper Bayou
                  Fountain was determined to produce some downstream benefits
                  only if flow from the upper basin is diverted to the


                                                170











         Mississippi River. These benefits were determined to only
         occur independent of downstream channel modifications. With
         proposed downstream channel modifications in place, low
         frequency flood events remain within streambank and the
         beneficial effects of the diverted flow from the proposed
         upstream pumping station become negligible. The combination of
         the proposed Upper Bayou Fountain pumping station plan with
         other structural measures was, therefore, not considered
         further.


         Nonstructural Measures


              Nonstructural flood damage reduction measures are those
         which reduce or avoid flood damages without significantly
         altering either the nature or extent of flooding. Such
         measures reduce flood losses by either changing the use of the
         floodplain or by retaining existing floodplain use with
         modifications made to the structures or facilities susceptible
         to flood damages. Nonstructural measures for existing
         developed areas could include permanent evacuation and
         relocation of properties from the floodplain or flood proofing
         of structures by means of levees, floodwalls, barriers, or by
         elevating structures above flood levels. Such measures for
         future development could include floodplain zoning, fill of
         flood plain areas, or regulations to control future runoff from
         rainfall.


            . Practical nonstructural solutions for Bayou Fountain are
         limited primarily to floodplain buy out of properties
         susceptible to flooding in the 0 - 25-year floodplain. Almost
         all residential, commercial, and industrial structures in the
         study area are constructed on concrete slab foundations. It is
         technically possible, but impractical and not-economical to
         elevate a large number structures above floodprone areas.













                                       171










                         The number and types of structures in the 0 - 25-year
                   floodplain are shown below:


                                              Floodplain



                                     0-10                 10-25


                   Residential         87                   305
                   Commercial           8                    22
                   Total               85                   327



                         Ring levee plans were considered for two subdivisions
                   along Bayou Fountain, Highland Park and Meadow Bend. On
                   June 27-28, 1989, Tropical Storm Allison provided about
                   10 inches of rain in a 24-hour period on the Bayou Fountain
                   watershed causing the two subdivisions to experience severe
                   flooding. The ring levee crests were set at the 100-year flood
                   elevation plus 2 feet of freeboard (19.8 feet NGVD for both
                   subdivisions). The levee section has 1V on 4H side slopes with
                   a 10-foot wide crown. The pumping stations and gravity outlets
                   were designed to evacuate the 10-year, 24-hour rainfall within
                   48 hours. The pumping stations were sized to prevent interior
                   stages from exceeding the damage elevation of 17.0 feet NGVD
                   for the conditions stages for the range of frequencies studied.
                   The gravity outlet culverts were sized to pass the 10-year flow
                   with I foot of head.


                         Land use projections indicate that the watershed will be
                   65 percent urbanized by the year 2040. This significant
                   increase in urbanization with the resulting increase in flood
                   stages will substantially reduce the effectiveness of any
                   proposed structural plan. In order not to reduce the level of
                   flood protection provided by a structural plan, floodplain
                   management is necessary. East Baton Rouge Parish will be
                   required to implement a stormwater retention ordinance stating
                   that additional runoff caused by changed soil or surface
                   conditions after the new development must be retained on site
                   so that runoff leaving the development site is maintained at or
                   below predevelopment rates. Similar ordinances have been
                   implemented in Shreveport and New Iberia, Louisiana.



                                                    172










              In addition to the above, the Federal Emergency Management
         Agency is in the process of establishing a "floodway" along
         Bayou Fountain. Once implemented, this floodway zone will
         curtail development adjacent to the bayou.

              It was determined that the environmental impacts of
         channel modification alternative plans would generally be
         limited to the destruction of some bottomland hardwood
         forestation that occurs along the channel banks. These impacts
         can be readily mitigated by equivalent reforestation of
         existing cleared lands or by protecting equivalent areas of
         existing forested lands.


              Existing disposal areas were investigated to avoid the
         adverse environmental impact. The East Baton Rouge Parish of
         Public Works identified the parish landfill as the place to
         haul excavated material. Therefore, the initial cost estimates
         were developed assuming that excavated material would be hauled
         to this location. See Plate 51.


              Initial alternatives for this watershed are listed in
         Table 61 and are detailed in Table 62.

































                                       173












                                               TABLE 61


                          BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS SUMMARY


                  ALTERNATIVE     DESCRIPTION


                  BF10            10-Year Earthen Channel


                  BF25            25-Year Earthen Channel


                  BF50            50-Year Earthen Channel


                  BF25C           25-Year Concrete-Lined Channel


                  BF50C           50-Year Concrete-Lined Channel


                  BFPS300         300 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth

                  BFPS600         600 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth


                  BFPS900         900 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth


                  BFGATE          Backwater Flapgate Located at Bayou's Mouth


                  UBF350A         350 cfs Pumping Station Located on Upper Bayou
                                  Fountain with Diversion to the Mississippi River


                  UBF350B         350 cfs Pumping Station Located on Upper Bayou
                                  Fountain with In-Line Discharge

                  MEADRL          Ring Levee around Meadowland Subdivision


                  HLPKRL          Ring Levee around Highland Park--Subdivision

                  BUYOUT10        Buyout of Properties Located in the 10-Year
                                  Floodplain

                  BUYOUT25        Buyout of Properties Located in the 25-Year
                                  Floodplain






                                                  174











                               TABLE 61 (Continued)


                BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS SUb2&'LRY


          ALTERNATIVE   DESCRIPTION


          (COMBINATION PLANS)


          BF10-BFGATE   10-Year Earthen Channel with Backwater Flapgate
                        Located at Bayou's Mouth

          BFPS300-C/S   300 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth
                        with Upstream Channel Clearing and Snagging

          BFPS300-BF10  300 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth
                        with 10-Year Earthen Channel


          BFPS600-BF10  600 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth
                        with 10-Year Earthen Channel


          BFPS600-BF25C 600 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth
                        with 25-Year Concrete-Lined Channel


          BFPS900-BF25C 900 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth
                        with 25-year Concrete-Lined Channel



          Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District


















                                        175














                                                          TABLE 62
                                        BAYOU FOMITAIN - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS




                      PLAN         REACH                                 TYPE OF 331PROVEMENT


                      BF10   10-Year Earthen Channel


                                   Mouth to Siegen Lane                  Clearing and snagging

                                   Siegen to Gardere Lane                501 BW, 1V on 3H SS

                                   Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road          Clearing and snagging



                      BF25   25-Year Earthen Channel


                                   Mouth to Siegen Lane                  Clearing and snagging

                                   Siegen to Gardere Lane                501 BW, 1V on 3H SS

                                   Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road          201 BW, 1V on 3H SS



                      BF50   50-Year Earthen Channel


                                   Mouth to Siegen Lane                  Clearing and snagging

                                   Siegen to Gardere Lane                501 BW, 1V on 3H SS

                                   Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road          401 BW, lv on 3H SS



                      BF25C   25-Year Concrete-Lined Channel


                                   Mouth to Siegen Lane                  Clearing and snagging

                                   Siegen to Gardere Lane                Concrete line existing
                                                                         channel


                                   Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road          Concrete line existing
                                                                         channel


                      BF50C    50-Year Concrete-Lined Channel


                                   Mouth to Siegen Lane                  Clearing and snagging

                                   Siegen to Gardere Lane                501 BW, 1V on 3H SS
                                                                         concrete-lined channel
                                   Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road          Concrete line existing
                                                                         channel




                                                             176













                                       TABLE 62 (CONTINUED)
                            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INITIAL ALTERNATnM PLANS




           PLAN        RVAM                                 TYPE OF IDWROVEMENT


           BFPS300   300 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth
                                         i

                       Mouth to Siegen Lane                 300 cfs pumping station and
                                                            barrier levee


                       Siegen to Gardere lane               No work

                       Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road         No work



           BFPS600   600 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth


                       Mouth to Siegen Lane                 600 cfs pumping station and
                                                            barrier levee


                       Siegen to Gardere Lane               No work


                       Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road         No work



           BFPS900   900 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth


                       Mouth to Siegen Lane                 900 efs pumping station and
                                                            barrier levee


                       Siegen to Gardere Lane               No work


                       Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road         No work



           BFGATE - Backwater Flapgate Located at Bayou's Mouth


                       Mouth to Siegen Lane                 Flapgate and barrier levee


                       Siegen to Gardere Lane               No work


                       Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road         No work












                                                177












                                                   TABLE 62 (CONTINUED)


                                       BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS




                      PLAN        REACH                                TYPE OF IMPROVEMENT


                      UBF350A   350 cfs Pumping Station on Upper Bayou Fountain
                        with Discharge to the Mississippi River


                                  Bayou Fountain/South Branch          New 0.8 mile diversion
                                    Confluence                         channel; 1V on 3H SS;
                                                                       earthen channel; 350 cfs
                                                                       pumping station with 2
                                                                       66-inch discharge lines to
                                                                       the Mississippi River


                                  South Branch (all)                   Widen to 201 BW, 1V on 3H
                                                                       SS earthen channel


                                                                       Replace 3 bridges


                      UBF350B - 350 cfs Pumping Station on Upper BaVou. Fountain
                        with Discharge into Bayou Fountain


                                  Bayou Fountain/ South Branch         350 cfs pumping station and
                                    Confluence                         barrier wall/levee


                                  South Branch (all)                   Widen to 201 BW, 1V on 3H
                                                                       SS earthen channel


                                                                       Replace 3 bridges


                      MEADRL - Ring Levee around Meadow Bend Subdivision


                                  N/A                                  Construct ring levee around
                                                                       elevation 19.81 NGVD


                                                                       Install '120 cfs pumping
                                                                       station and 3 42-inch
                                                                       gravity culverts



                      HLPKRL   Ring Levee around Highland Park Subdivision

                                  N/A                                  Construct ring levee around
                                                                       elevation 19.81 NGVD


                                                                       Install 30 cfs pumping
                                                                       station and 3 42-inch
                                                                       gravity culverts


                                                           178












                                       TABLE 62 (CONTINUED)


                            BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INITIAL ALTERNATI11E PIJkNS




           PLAN        REACH                               Typz OF nipRovEmENT


           BUYOUT10 - Buyout of Properties Located in 10-Year Floodplain


                       N/A                                 Purchase 41 residential and
                                                           46 commercial properties



           BUYOUT25 - Buyout of Properties Located in 25-Year Floodplain


                       N/A                                 Purchase 202 residential
                                                           and 47 commercial
                                                           properties



           BFIO-EFGATE - 10-Year Earthen Channel with Backwater Flapcrate Located at
             Bayou's Mouth


                       Mouth to Siegen Lane                Flapgate and barrier levee;
                                                           channel clearing and
                                                           snagging


                       Siegen to Gardere Lane              501 BW, 1V on 3H SS


                       Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road        Clearing and snagging



           BFPS300-C/S - 300 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth with
             Channel Clearing and SnaqqinGL

                       Mouth to Siegen Lane                300 cfs pumping station and
                                                           barrier levee; channel
                                                           clearing and snagging

                       Siegen to Gardere Lane              Clearing and snagging

                       Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road        Clearing and snagging



           BFPS300-BFIO - 300 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayouts Mouth with
             10-Year Earthen Channel


                       Mouth to Siegen Lane                350 cfs pumping station and
                                                           barrier levee; channel
                                                           clearing and snagging




                                               179












                                                   TABLE 62 (CONTINUED)
                                        R&YOU FOUNTAIN - INITIAL ALTERN&TIVE PLANS




                      PLAN         REACH                                TYPE OF IMPROVEbMT


                      BFPS300-BFIO - 300 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth with
                        10-Year Earthen Channel (Continued)


                                   Siegen to Gardere Lane               50f BW, IV on 3H SS

                                   Gardere Lane,to E. Boyd Road         Clearing and snagging

                      BFPS600-BF10 - 600 cfs Pumping Station Located at Bayou's Mouth with
                        10-Year Earthen Channel


                                   Mouth to Siegen Lane                 600 cfs pumping station and
                                                                        barrier levee; channel
                                                                        clearing and snagging

                                   Siegen to Gardere Lane               501 BW, IV on 3H SS

                                   Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road         Clearing and snagging


                      BFPS600-BF25C - 600 cfs Pumping Station Located   at BaVou's Mouth with
                        25-Year Concrete-Lined Channel


                                   Mouth to Siegen Lane                 600 cfs pumping stationand
                                                                        barrier levee; channel
                                                                        clearing and snagging

                                   Siegen to Gardere Lane               Concrete line existing
                                                                        channel


                                   Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road         Concrete line existing
                                                                        channel


                      BFPS900-BF25C - 900 cfs Pumping Station Located   at Bayou's Mouth with
                        25-Year CoA-crete-Lined Channel


                                   Mouth to Siegen Lane                 900 cfs pumping station and
                                                                        barrier levee; channel
                                                                        clearing and snagging

                                   Siegen to Gardere Lane               Concrete line existing
                                                                        channel


                                   Gardere Lane to E. Boyd Road         Concrete line existing
                                                                        channel


                      Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District



                                                           180












         Screening of Initial Alternatives


              In this iteration,- only major cost items - construction,
         relocations, real estate, and annual operations and maintenance
         were considered. Benefits included in this part of the
         analyses were calculated as "direct" property inundation flood
         damage reductions plus an estimated percentage (20%) of
         "indirect" flood damage reduction benefits. "Indirect" items
         include such things as public agency emergency costs, flood
         insurance reductions, and lower construction costs within the
         floodplain.


              Cost-benefit calculations for each initial alternative are
         shown in Table 63. A period of 50 years and an annual interest
         rate of 8.00% were used to calculate equivalent annual values.
         Costs and benefits shown are all relative to the base condition
         or "No Action" Plan.


              The initial benefit-cost calculations revealed that only
         four plans have a benefit-to-cost ratio greater than, or close
         to greater than 1.0. They are: BF10r BF25, and BF50 - the 10,
         25, and 50-year earthen channels, and, BFGATE-C/S flapgate
         barrier levee at the bayou's mouth along with channel clearing
         and snagging. All pumping station plans, upstream and at the
         bayou's mouth, and in combination with channel modifications
         were not determined to be cost-effective and were eliminated
         from further consideration at this point. Also, the non-
         structural plans of property buy-outs and subdivision ring
         levees were not determined to be cost-effective and were also
         eliminated from further consideration.


              At this point further "qualitative" screening was
         performed for each plan relative to each other.. The channel
         modification plans have a relatively high degree of both
         performance and project cost certainty. These plan will
         significantly improve headwater flooding in the area where this
         problem frequently occurs. The backwater flapgate will have
         very little impact on headwater flooding, only providing some
         headwater benefit when a secondary rainfall occurs after the
         Amite River has risen. while backwater flooding is
         significant, it is not as frequent as the headwater events.
         Also, some relatively higher degree of cost uncertainty with



                                        181










                  the proposed structure is a factor. With the Comite River
                  Diversion Canal plan in place, backwater lowerings of up to
                  0.5 feet will occur in the Bayou Fountain backwater area. This
                  in turn reduces the calculated flood control benefits of the
                  flapgate plan. Also, given relatively equal economics, East
                  Baton Rouge's engineering staff expressed a strong preference
                  for the channel improvement plan relative to the backwater
                  flapgate. In consideration of the above, the backwater
                  flapgate plan was eliminated from further evaluation.


                       It was also determined from stage-frequency calculations
                  that proposed channel modifications of the upstream reaches of
                  Bayou Fountain to East Boyd Road are only minimally effective.
                  Thus, the remaining channel modification plans were scaled back
                  and reformulated eliminating upstream modifications from Ben
                  Hur Road up to East Boyd Road. Four intermediate plans were
                  developed and evaluated. Two plans consist of a 10-year
                  earthen channel modification with upstream limits at either
                  mile 54.3 or Ben Hur Road (BF10A and BF10B). The other two
                  plans consist of a 25-year earthen channel modification with
                  two upstream limits identical to the 10-year plans (BF25A and
                  BF25B). These plans were refined further by including a
                  modification of a 60-inch sewerline crossing just upstream of
                  Gardere Lane. Table 64 lists details of the four intermediate
                  plans and they are also shown on Plates 40 and 41.
























                                                182















                                                                        TABIX 63


                                              BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INITIAL ALTERNATIVE PLANS


                                                       CALCULATED BENEFITS AND COSTS
                                                                           ($1,000)



                                                          EQUIVALENT
                                                          ANNUAL COST            INUNDATION
                                         FIRST            (INCLUDING             REDUCTION               NET              B/C
                 PLAN                    COST             O&Ao                   BENEFITS                BENEFITS         RATIO


                 BF-10                   $2,457           $ 284                  $  298                  $14              1.05
                 BF25                    $5,358           $ 527                  $  541                  $14              1.03
                 BF50                    $6,632           $ 645                  $  634                  ($11)            0.98
                 BF25C                   $26,448          $2,440                 $  693              ($1,747)             0.28
                 BF50C                   $31,456          $2,989                 $  700              ($2,289)             0.23
                 BFPS 300                $9,694           $ 920                  $  214               ($706)              0.23
                 HFPS 600                $1  7,431        $1,657                 $  214              ($1,443)             0.13
                 BFPS 900                $29,052          $2,751                 $  214              ($2,537)             0.08
                 BF GATE                 $3,766           $ 381                  $  210               ($171)              0.55
                 UBF 350A                $10,700          $1,034                 $  799               ($235)              0.77
                 UBF 350B                $10,100          $ 978                  $  487               ($491)              0.50
                 MEAD RL                 $ 875            $ 118                  $ 31                   ($87)             026
                 HLPK RL                 $ 496            $ 67                   $ 48                    ($19)            0.72
                 BUYOUT10                $11,900          $1,094                 $  967               ($127)              0.88
                 BUYOUT25                $12,325          $1,133                 $1,030               ($103)              0.91
                 BF 10-BF GATE           $7,100           $ 750                  $  508               ($242)              0.68
                 BFPS 300-C/S            $10,255          $1,006                 $  439               ($567)              0.44
                 BFPS, 300-BFIO          $12,141        -,$1,204                 $  576               ($628)              0.48
                 BFPS 600-BFIO           $19,888          $1,941                 $  625              M1,S16)              0.32
                 BFPS 600-BMC            $26,577          $2,506                 $  849              ($1,657)             0.34
                 BFPS 900-BF25C          $31,456          $2,989                 $  847              ($2,142)             0.28
                 BFGATE-C/S              $4,297           $ 430                  $  439                  ($9)             1.02



                 SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICr







                                                                             183














                                                           TABLE 6 4


                                      BAyou rouNTAiN - nammDriaz ALTzRNATrw Fims


                                                                          TYPE OF
                       PLAN               REACH                           IMPROVEIVZNT


                       BF10A - 10-Year Earthen  Channel
                                          Mouth to Siegen Lane            Clear and snag

                                          Siegen Lane to Gardere          501 BW, 1V on 3H SS
                                            Lane                          earthen channel


                                          Gardere Lane to 44008,          Clear and snag
                                            upstream (Mile 54.3)


                                          At Exist. Sewer Line            Conc. U-Channel, 501 BW,
                                            Crossing Upstream of            Inv. Elev. 4.0
                                            of Gardere Lane


                       BF10B   10-Year Earthen Channel
                                          Mouth to Siegen Lane            Clear and snag

                                          Siegen Lane to Gardere          501 BW, 1V on 3H SS
                                            Lane                            earthen channel


                                          Gardere Lane to 4400"           Clear and snag
                                            upstream (Mile 54.3)

                                          At Exist. Sewer Line            Conc. U-Channel, 501 BW;
                                            Crossing Upstream of            Inv. Elev. 4.0
                                            of Gardere Lane


                                          Mile 54.3 to Ben Hur            Clear and snag
                                            Road Bridge


                       BF25A   25-Year Channel
                                          Mouth to Siegen Lane            Clear and snag


                                          Siegen Lane to Gardere,         501 BW, 1V on 3H SS
                                            Lane                            earthen channel


                                          Gardere, Lane to 4400,          51 BW, 1V on 3H SS
                                            upstream (Mile 54.3)            concrete lined

                                          At Exist. Sewer Line            Conc. U-Channel, 601 BW;
                                            crossing upstream of            Inv. Elev. 3.0
                                            of Gardere Lane








                                                              184













                                       TABLE 64 (CONTINUED)


                         BAYOU FOUNTAIN - INTERMEDIATE ALTERNATIVE PLANS


                                                            TYPE OF
           PLAN              REACH                          IMPROVEMENT


           BF25B   25-Year Channel
                             Mouth to Siegen Lane           Clear and snag

                             Siegen Lane to Gardere         501 BW, IV on 3H SS
                               .Lane                          earthen channel


                             Gardere Lane to 4400f          51 BW, IV on 3H SS
                               upstream (Mile 54.3)           concrete lined

                             At Exist. Sewer Line           Conc. U-Channel, 60f BW,
                               crossing upstream              Inv. Elev. 3.0
                               of Gardere Lane


                             mile 54.3 to Ben Hur           201 BW, IV on 3H SS
                               Road Bridge                    earthen channel

           Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District




           Evaluation of Intermediate Alternative Plans


                 Calculated benefits and costs for the four intermediate
           plans are shown in Table 65. Only the 10-year earthen channel
           modification plans have benefits greater than estimated project
           costs. Both 25-year earthen channel modification plans were
           eliminated from consideration. Plan BF10B, 10-year channel
           modification to Ben Hur Road, was determined to have slightly
           higher net economic benefits relative to Plan BF10A which has
           project limits downstream at mile 54.3.


           Analysis of Final Alternatives


                 Three plans were selected for final evaluation: BF10A,
           10-year earthen channel modifications to mile 54.3; BF10B,
           10-year earthen channel modifications to Ben Hur Road; and No
           Action. Since no alteration was made with the exception of
           above, details shown in the Initial Alternatives are the same.
           Final alternatives-were evaluated relative to National Economic
           Development, Environmental Quality, Regional Economic


                                                 185










                     Development, and Social Effects. A summary of this evaluation
                     is shown in Table 66.


                                           -         TABLE 65


                                                  BAYOU FOUNTAIN
                        ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PLANS BF10A, BF10B, BF25A, AND EF25B

                     PLAN   FIRST         ANNUAL        ANNUAL        ANNUAL         B/C
                            COST          COST          INUNDATION    NET            RATIO
                                                        REDUCTION     BENEFITS
                                                        BENEFITS

                     BF10A  $3,836,000    $356,000      $416,000         $60..000    1.17
                     BF10B  $3,912,000    $362,000       .$434,000       $72,000     1.20
                     BF25A  $7,371,000    $708,000      $479,000       ($229,000)    0.68
                     BF25B  $8,796,000    $839,000      $492,000       ($347,000)    0.59

                     SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS,         NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT



                     National Economic Development (NED)

                          In the final analyses, environmental mitigation costs were
                     included in each alternative plan's cost. It should be noted
                     that the mitigation plan combines all mitigation requirements
                     from all watersheds. Consolidating mitigation sites was
                     determined to be far more practical than establishing
                     individual mitigation sites for each watershed in the study
                     area. Costs were prorated to each watershed based on
                     alternative plan habitat losses. A complete description of the
                     mitigation plan can be found in Appendix E, Section 1.


                          Alternative plan benefits and costs are listed in
                     Table 60. As in the initial screening, a period-of 50 years
                     and 8.00% annual interest were used. Alternative Plan BF10B,
                     channel modifications to Ben Hur Road, has the highest
                     estimated net annual benefits of $61,000. This is just
                     slightly higher than the $51,000 per year net benefits
                     estimated for Plan BF10A. Both plans have marginal net
                     economic benefits relative to No Action. Relative to each
                     other, the estimated difference is small, but it is clearly
                     apparent that there exists net economic benefits in extending
                     the upstream proposed channel clearing and snagging limits from
                     Mile 54.3 up to Ben Hur Road.


                                                        186











         Environmental Quality


              Impacts on the following environmental factors were
         evaluated for each final alternative plan:


              -  Agricultural Lands
              -  Forestlands
              -  Threatened and Endangered Species
              -  Aquatic Resources and Water Quality
              -  Sedimentation
              -  Air Quality
              -  Historic Places
              -  Cultural Properties


         Detailed analyses of these factors can be found in the
         Environmental Impact Statement and Appendix E. Impacts are
         listed in summary in Table 66.

              The only long-lasting environmental impacts produced by
         the final alternative plans affect agricultural lands and
         forestlands. Both Alternative Plans BF10A and BF10B directly
         impact some forestlands. This in turn indirectly impacts
         agricultural lands as they are proposed to be converted to
         forestlands as mitigation for same. The loss of these
         agricultural land acres is not considered to be significant for
         this area. Flood stage lowerings associated with Plans BF10A
         and BF10B reduce the size of the 100-year floodplain. Again,
         this "loss" is not considered to be significant since no
         wetlands are impacted.

              Plan BF-10A results in slightly less conversion of
         woodlands and the subsequent less significant resultant
         conversion of agricultural lands via the mit-igation plan, than
         does Plan BF-10B. Therefore, from an environmental standpoint,
         Plan BF-10A is the preferable action alternative.












                                       187










                  Regional Economic Development

                       Reducing flood damage frequency and cost will improve
                  economic growth, employment, property valuation, and tax
                  revenue in the region. Conversely, allowing flooding to
                  continue to occur could likely result in decreasing same.
                  Direct economic benefits to existing property is included in
                  the NED estimates above. Induced economic benefits are
                  speculative to a large degree and are not calculated directly
                  into the benef:i7t-cost analysis. These items are addressed in
                  the Economic Appendix H and are listed in summary in Table 60.

                       Both Plans BF10A and BF10B will significantly reduce
                  flooding frequency and cost and therefore are far preferable to
                  No Action given economic development considerations. Relative
                  to each other, Alternative BF10B will reduce flood damages in a
                  slightly larger area than BF10A. This in turn will induce a
                  slightly higher level of future economic development in the
                  watershed, the extent of which is difficult to quantify.-


                  Social Effects


                       Social effects considered in evaluating each alternative
                  plan are listed in Table 60. Health, safety, and the quality
                  of community life will be significantly improved by both
                  channel modification plans. Relative to other areas in the
                  parish, there is a very high frequency of flooding in this
                  watershed. Numerous flooding occurrences, along with the
                  constant threat of same, is a major social problem. Both
                  channel modification plans will significantly reduce flooding
                  frequency in this watershed and, therefore, are far preferable
                  to No Action. It is required that 122 acres of private
                  property be permanently taken for the channel widening proposed
                  in Plans BF10A and BF10B. This land is limited to the adjacent
                  streambank and no structures would be affected. Relative to
                  each other, Plan BF10B will reduce flood damages in a slightly
                  larger area and is preferable to Plan BF10A in this category.


                  Trade-Off Analyses and Plan Selection


                       While there exists no direct net economic benefits with
                  both channel modification plans relative to No Action, their
                  advantages relative to improving the social effects of flooding


                                                188











         in the area make both plans far preferable to No Action.
         Construction of either plan will also have minimal adverse
         environmental impacts relative to No Action. These relative
         advantages to No Action are well within the range of
         uncertainty regarding costs and plan effectiveness of either
         channel modification plan.

              Relative to each other, Alternative BF10B, channel
         modifications to Ben Hur Road, has slight advantages in
         regional economic development and social effects categories
         versus Plan BF10A, channel modifications to Mile 54.3. There
         is only a very slight environmental impact advantage for Plan
         BFIOA relative to BF10B.


              In consideration of all factors above, Alternative BF10B,
         10-year earthen channel modifications to Ben Hur Road, was
         chosen as the Tentatively Selected Plan.
































                                       189





















                                                                                                                                     TABLE 66
                                                                                            BAYOU FOUNTAIN FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS



                                  rrEM                                                                    BF10A                                           BF1011                                          NO ACTION
                                                                                                                                                          (TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN)


                     L            PLAN DESCRIPTION                                                        CHANNEL MODIFICATION AND                        CHANNEL MODIFICATION AND
                                                                                                          CLEARING AND SNAGGING TO                        CLEARING AND SNAGGING TO
                                                                                                          MILE 54.3                                       DEN HUR ROAD


                     U.           NA77ONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT


                                  A. PROJECT FIRST COST                                                   $3,937,000                                      $4,031,000                                      $0

                                  B. O&M COST                                                             $    31,000                                     $    31,000                                     $0

                                  C. TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS                                           $ 365,000                                       $ 373,000                                       $0

                                  D. TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS                                        $   416,000                                     $   434,000                                     $0

                                  E. NET ANNUAL BENEFITS                                                  $    51,000                                     $    61,000                                     $0


                                  F. BENEFIT-COST RATIO                                                      1.14                                            1.16                                         N/A



                     In.          ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY


                                  A. AGRICULTURAL LANDS                                                   19 ACRES INDIRECTLY IMPACTED                    22 ACRES INDIRECTLY IMPACTED                    SOME ADVERSE
                                                                                                          BY FOREST REPLANTING                            BY FOREST REPLANTING                            IMPACT DUE TO
                                                                                                                                                                                                          RECURRING FLOODING


                                  B. FORESTLANDS                                                          15 ACRES AFFECTED BY PROJECT;                   17 ACRES AFFECTED BY PROJECT;                   SOME REDUCTION
                                                                                                          22 ACRES WOULD BE CREATED                       22 ACRES WOULD BE CREATED
                                                                                                          VIA MITIGATION                                  VIA MITIGATION

                                  C. THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES                                    NONE AFFECTED;                                  NONE AFFECTED;                                  NONE AFFECTED
                                                                                                          COORDINATION REQUIRED                           (SAME AS BF10A)

                                  D. AQUATIC RESOURCES AND WATER QUAUTY                                   LOSS OF DIVERSITY;                              (SAME AS BF10A)                                 NOIMPACT
                                                                                                          REDUCED SHADING


~0










                                                                                                     TABLE 66 ~q(CONTINUED)
                                                                          BAYOU FOUNTAIN FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS



                           ITEM                                                       B~FIOA                                   B~F~I~O~B (TS~P~q)                            NO A


                           ~I~- SEDIMENTATION                                           PROJECT WILL REDUCE STREAM~BANK (SAME AS B~F10A)                                 NO IM
                                                                                      EROSION AND WILL SLIGHTLY
                                                                                      IMPROVE SEDIMENTATION


                           F. AIR QUALITY                                             MINOR SHORT-TERM IMPACTS                (SAME AS ~BF1~0A~q)                        NO IM
                                                                                      DUPING CONSTRUCTION


                           G. NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES                    NOIMPACT                                NO IMPACT                              NO IM


                           H. CULTURAL PROPERTIES                                     FOUR POTEN~7~7A~LLY SIGNIFICANT            (SAME AS ~BF~I~OA~q)                        NO ~qIM
                                                                                      SITES A~RE LIKELY TO OCCUR IN
                                                                                      PROJECT AREA. MODERATE CHANCE
                                                                                      OF UNCOVERING OTHER SITES. CHANNEL
                                                                                      DESIGN CAN AVOID SITES IF NECESSARY.


                IV.        REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT


                           A. REGIONAL INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT                          IMPROVED VALUE WILL LIKELY              (SAME AS ~B~F~1~0~A~;                        ~I~NCO~qN
                                                                                      FACILITATE URBAN GROWTH                 SLIGHTLY BETTER)                       R~EDU~q(
                                                                                                                                                                     ~F~LOO


                           ~B. REGIONAL GROWTH AND BUSINESS ACTIVITY                   INCREASED EMPLOYMENT FOR                (SAME AS BFIOA;                        INCO~qN
                                                                                      CONSTRUCTION; BETTER ECONOMIC           SLIGHTLY BETTER)                       RE~qDUC
                                                                                      CLIMATE DUE TO REDUCTION IN                                                    ~FLOO
                                                                                      FLOOD THREAT


                           C. TAX REVENUE                                             IMPROVED FLOOD PROTECTION WILL          (SAME AS ~BF~I~OA~;                        INCON.
                                                                                      STABILIZE TAX BASE                      SLIGHTLY BETTER)                       RE~qDU~q(
                                                                                                                                                                     FLO


                           D~. PROPERTY VALUE                                          IMPROVED FLOOD PROTECTION WELL          (SAME AS ~B~F~10A~-,                       PROP~qE
                                                                                      LIKELY ~STAR1~7~1 E OR RAISE               SLIGHTLY BETTER)                       DEC~qL~qI
                                                                                      PROPERTY VALUES                                                                ~FLOO
 


















                                                                                                    TABLE 66 (CONTINUED)
                                                                          BAYOU FOUNTAIN FINAL ALTERNATIVES SUMMARY OF COMPARATIVE ITEMS


                           ITEM                                                      BF10A                                            BF10B (TSP)                           NO ACTION


                 V.        OTHER SOCIAL EFFECTS


                           A. URBAN AND COMMUNITY IMPACTS                            POSITIVE IMPACTS DUE TO IMPROVED                 (SAME AS BF10A;                       ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                                     FLOOD PROTECTION                                 SLIGHTLY BETTER)                      FLOOD THREAT


                           B. LIFE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY                               THREAT TO UWE, HEALTH, AND SAFETY                (SAME AS BF10A;                       RECURRING FLOODS THREATEN
                                                                                     REDUCED                                          SLIGHTLY BETTER)                      LIFE$ HEALTH, AND SAFETY


                           C. DISPLACEMENT                                           SOME TAKING OF UNIMPROVED                        (SAME AS BFIOA-,                      NO IMPACT
                                                                                     PRIVATE PROPERTY                                 SLIGHTLY WORSE)


                           D. LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY                                 POSITIVE IMPACT DUE TO REDUCED                   (SAME AS BFIOA;                       ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                                     FLOOD THREAT                                     SLIGHTLY BETTER)                      FLOOD THREAT


                           L LEISURE                                                 NO IMPACT                                        NOIMPACT                              NOIMPACT


                           F. AESTHETIC                                              SOME ADVERSE IMPACT BY REMOVING                  (SAME AS BFIOA)                       NO IMPACT
                                                                                     TREES FROM CHANNELS; MITIGATED
                                                                                     WITH REPLANTED TREE LINE


                           G. COMMUNITY COHESION                                     PRESERVED DUE TO REDUCED FLOOD                   (SAME AS BF10A;                       ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                                     THREAT                                           SLIGHTLY BETTER)                      FLOOD THREAT

                           H. COMMUNITY GROWTH                                       POSITIVE IMPACT DUE TO REDUCED                   (SAME AS BFIOA;                       ADVERSE IMPACTS DUE TO
                                                                                     FLOOD THREAT                                     SLIGHTLY BETTER)                      FLOOD THREAT


                           L TRANSPORTATION                                          MINOR DISRUP77ON DURING                          (SAME AS BF10A)                       SOME ADVERSE IMPACTS
                                                                                     CONSTRUCTION; IMPROVED SITUATION                                                       DURING FLOOD EVENTS
                                                                                     BY REDUCING FLOODING


                           J. NOISE                                                  MINOR INCREASE IN NOISE DURING                   (SAME AS BFIOA)                       NO IMPACT
                                                                                     CONSTRUCTION


                           K. QUALITY OF LIFE                                        REDUCED FLOODING WILL                            (SAME AS BFIOA;                       ADVERSE IMPACTS FOR THOSE
                                                                                     SUBSTANTIALLY IMPROVE THE                        SLIGHTLY BETTER)                      AFFECTED BY FLOODING
                                                                                     QUALITY OF LIFE FOR THOSE AFFECTED


                 SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT













         BAYOU MANCHAC


              The Bayou Manchac Watershed is located in the southeastern
         corner of the parish and is a tributary of the Amite River.
         See Plate 2. This watershed encompasses about 12 square miles.

              The watershed is mostly undeveloped with urban lands
         making up less than 25 percent of the watershed. Land use maps
         for 1972 and 1985 are shown on Plates 31 and 32 of Appendix J.
         There are approximately 150 residential and commercial
         structures within the watershed. The distribution of
         structures within the various floodplains is shown in Table 67.
         The approximate 10-year floodplain boundary is shown on
         Plate 10. Calculated existing project equivalent annual flood
         damages were estimated to be $337,000 per year in this
         watershed (Subbasin 64).


              Flooding in this watershed is mostly backwater in nature.
         Some headwater flooding occurs, but is usually in conjunction
         with backwater problems resulting from high water levels in the
         Amite River.




         POSSIBLE OPTIONS TO REDUCE FLOOD DAMAGES


         Structural Measures


         Detention/Retention Storage

              Due to the lack of topographical relief in this watershed,
         detention/retention storage basins were determined to be
         impractical. Required basin containment structures, primarily
         earthen levees, in conjunction with land requirements would be
         excessive in order to achieve significant flow retention.


         Channel Modifications


              Due to the significant backwater effects of the Amite
         River, simple channel enlargement would not be effective in
         reducing flood stages in this watershed.





                                       193
















                                                                                              TABLE67


                                                 BAYOU bLANCHAC - DISTRIBUTION OF STRUCTURES WITIHN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS




                                                                                                                                                  ALL
                                    BASIN       STRUCTURE          0-10         10-25       25-50       50-100      100-500   ABOVE SW            FLk)OD
                                    NO.         CATEGORY           YEAR         YEAR        YEAR        YEAR        YEAR      YEAR                ZONES


                                                BAYOU MANCHAC


                                    64          1-STORY            38           40          42          10          30           107              267
                                                2-STORY            11           3           4           4           5            is               42
                                                MOBILE HOME        23           14          49          11          26           31               154
                                                AFr.BLDCS.         39           125         101         10          54           39               363
                                                CONOWERCIAL 8                   22          11          45          112          82               280
                                                TOTAL              95           327         251         93          893          692              2351



                                    SOURCE.    US ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS NEW ORLEANS DISTRICr






                                    Pumping Station/Diversion


                                              Two pumping station options were investigated: one,,
                                    blocking backwater flows by means of a levee and pumping
                                    through a barrier levee into Bayou Manchac; and two, diverting
                                    Bayou Manchac flows by pumping to the Mississippi River.


                                              In the first option, the lack of topographic rise in this
                                    basin would require that the barrier levee be exceptionally
                                    long. That would make this plan very expensive and
                                    economically infeasible. The second plan, which would allow
                                    backwater into the basin and pump it to the Mississippi River,
                                    would require a very high capacity pumping station. This
                                    station would essentially have to pump down stages of the Amite
                                    River to be effective. A station of such capacity would also
                                    be cost prohibitive.


                                              In addition to the above, a gravity flow diversion to the
                                    Mississippi River was considered. This plan would not be
                                    dependable since the Mississippi River water level is usually
                                    higher than the Amite River water level at Bayou Manchac even
                                    during Amite River flood events.




                                                                                                  194













         Nonstructural Measures


              Nonstructural solutions for the Bayou Manchac area include
         ring levees around selected subdivisions, buy-out and
         relocation of structures subject to repetitive flooding.
         Almost all existing residential and commercial structures in
         the area are constructed on concrete slab foundation. Ring
         levees around selected subdivision could be economically
         favorable. Buy-out and relocation was also determined to be
         more costly than structural improvements providing comparable
         levels of flood damage reduction. While some nonstructural
         measures may be cost effective on an individual structure
         basis, a basis-wide plan was not developed for this watershed
         under the scope of this study.


              No structural or nonstructural plans were developed for
         this watershed.










































                                       195













                  TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                  GENERAL


                       The effects of the proposed Comite River Diversion Canal,
                  see page 7, were considered and are incorporated below. Since
                  most of this watershed's flooding occurs under headwater
                  conditions, calculated flood reduction benefits are not
                  significantly changed with the Comite project in place. A
                  cursory examination of the previous plan formulation, screening
                  and selection process, incorporating the canal's effects, was
                  performed. This investigation revealed that the proposed canal
                  has no significant impact on the plan selection analysis and
                  conclusion for this watershed. Comparative stage frequency
                  data and flood reduction benefits for this watershed's
                  Tentatively Selected Plan are shown in the Engineering and
                  Economics appendices.
































                                                196













         BLACKWATER BAYOU


         Description


              The tentatively selected plan for the Blackwater Bayou
         watershed consists of widening approximately 13 miles of the
         existing earthen channel of the main stem of Blackwater Bayou
         and its main tributary. Also included are proposed
         improvements to several bridges and culverts. Proposed
         modifications are designed to convey a 10-year storm event
         within streambank and reduce out-of-bank stages of larger flood
         events.


              New channel slopes are designed 1 V on 3.5 H. Design
         bottom widths vary per stream reach. No significant changes
         are proposed to existing channel bottom elevation or slope.
         Proposed channel bottom width designs for each stream reach
         along with bridge and culvert modifications are listed in
         Table 68. Plates 42 and 43, respectively, show proposed
         channel modifications and relocations. Typical cross-sections
         for the plan are shown on Plate 47.


         Plan Effectiveness


              The tentatively selected plan is designed to convey and
         contain a 10-year storm event within the streambank. Flood
         stages of greater storm events will also be reduced. Expected
         stage lowerings for various storm events at selected locations
         in the watershed are shown in Table 69 and Plate 55. Overflow
         maps, illustrating existing and with project floodplains are
         shown in the Engineering Appendix C. The expected reduction in
         floodstages will result in a substantial lowering in the number
         of structures located in a 0-50 year floodplai-n (see Table 70).

              By the year 2040, urbanization in this watershed is
         projected to increase from 31 to 40 percent. Estimates from
         hydrologic modelling indicate that the 10-year with project
         average stage will be about 0.3 feet higher and that there will
         be no appreciable difference in average 100-year flood stages.
         Implementation of a floodplain management program, that would
         not allow future development to significantly increase flood
         stages, would likely reduce these projected stage increases.
         The continued implementation and enforcement of East Baton


                                        197










                      Rouge Parish's current floodplain ordinance (see Appendix K)
                      will be satisfactory in this watershed.





                                                         TABLE 6 8


                                       BLACKMTER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                         PROPOSED CaAMML WIDTHS AND RELOCATIONS




                                         PROPOSED
                      CHANNEL            BOTTOM WIDTH             LOCATION


                      Blackwater Bayou                      Improvements from Mouth to Greenwell
                                                            Springs Road. 10 year earthen channel
                                                            design

                                         varies             Mouth to Hooper Road (Minimal Work)
                                         35rBW              Hooper Road to Old Settlement Road
                                         improve bridge     Blackwater Road (lengthen 50 ft)
                                         remove bridge      Abandoned bridge at Crumholt Road
                                                            (remove)
                                         improve bridge     Crumholt Road (lengthen 112 ft)
                                         improve bridge     Carey Road (lengthen 50 ft)
                                         improve bridge     Dyer Road (lengthen 35 ft)
                                         improve bridge     Blackwater Road (lengthen 45 ft)
                                         improve bridge     McCullough Road (lengthen 35 ft)
                                         151BW              Old Settlement Road to Greenwell
                                                            Springs Road
                                         improve culvert    Greenwell Springs Road (clean existing
                                                            culvert)
                      Tributary #1       51 BW              Mouth to McCullough Road
                                         improve bridge     Core Lane (lengthen 16 ft)
                      Tributary #2       No Work



                      Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District
















                                                            198














                                               TABLE 6 9


                              BLACMMTER BAYOU - TENTATINFELY SELECTED PLAN
                                EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE REDUCTIONS (FT)
                              (WITH COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PI-A



           BLACKWATER BAYOU
                         Hooper      Crumholt       Carey      Blackwater     Old
           Event         Road        Road           Road       Road           Settlement


              1-YR       2.3         3.3            4.8        2.9            2.3
              2-YR       2.3         3.6            4.1        2.3            2.0
              5-YR       2.3         3.2            3.5        1.9            1.6
            10-YR        2.2         2.7            3.3        1.4            1.4
            25-YR        2.7         2.5            3.2        1.1            0.6
            50-YR        1.7         1.2            1.2        1.1            0.3
           100-YR        1.5         1.4            1.0        1.0            0.3
           200-YR        1.4         1.4            1.0        0.9            0.3
           500-YR        1.2         1.3            1.0        0.6            0.3





           TRIBUTARIES #1 AND #2
                                     Triburary #1                         Tributary #2
                         2400 ft         Gurney     core                          LA
           Private
           Event         UIS  Mouth      Road       Lane         UIS Mouth      HwV 410


              1-YR            1.5        2.3        1.2              1.0          0.0
              2-YR            1.7        1.9        1.5              0.8          0.0
              5-YR            2.0        1.6        2.0              0.6          0.0
            10-YR             2.5        1.4        2.2              0.6          0.0
            25-YR             2.2        1.2        1.9              0.6          0.0
            50-YR             2.0        1.2        1.0              0.6          0.0
           100-YR             1*8        1.2        0.6              0.6          0.0
           200-YR             1.7        1.2        0.6              0.6          0.0
           500-YR             1.5.       1.2        0.5              0.5          0.0


          .SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF    ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT
















                                                 199
















                                                                                TABLE 70


                                 BLACKWATER BAYOU - NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED IN VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS
                                                   WITH AND WITHOUT THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                      (WITH COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PLACE)



                   BASIN STRUCTURE                 0-10         10-25        25-50         50-100       100-500       ABOVE 500         ALL FLOOD
                   NO.      CATEGORY               YEAR         YEAR         YEAR          YEAR         YEAR          YEAR              ZONES


                            WITHOUT PROTECT
                   13       1-STORY                172           27          296           209          137           115                956
                            2-STORY                20             2           12             9             2           5                  50
                            MOBILE HOME             4             4           20            10            15          108                161
                            COMMERCIAL             10             4           16             8             7           11                 56
                            TOTAL                  206           37          344           236          161           239               1,223



                            WITH TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                            1-STORY                66            12          191           182          273           232                956
                            2-STORY                 8             0           17            10             8           7                  50
                            MOBILE HOME             1             0           13            11            12          124                161
                            COMMERCIAL              1             1           15            10            10           19                 56
                            TOTAL                  76            13          236           213          303           382               1,223


                   SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT












         Design and Construction


              Existing soils data from available sources were used in
         determining channel design slopes and possible erosion
         protection. A channel slope design of 1 V on 3.5 H was
         determined to be necessary to reasonably ensure bank stability.
         This design slope was determined to be applicable throughout
         the watershed.


              Soils data reveal that some sands occur in scattered
         locations, and in varying layer thickness, throughout the
         watershed. From field investigations it was determined that
         where these sands occur, significant bank erosion is taking
         place. Proposed excavation in these locations would aggravate
         this condition without the addition of erosion protection. A
         preliminary erosion control system was designed and consists of
         a geosynthetic bank cover with toe-anchor rock (See detail on
         Plate 47). The extent of which this system is needed will not
         be known until site-specific soil borings are taken and
         analyzed. Changes to this design may also be warranted pending
         soil investigations. While erosion control may not be required
         for much of the channel, it is included in the design for the
         entire channel length as a "worst case" possibility.

              Construction will basically consist of channel clearing
         and the excavation of approximately 518,000 cubic yards of
         material. This material will be disposed in the parish
         landfill located in the northwest corner of the parish about
         9 miles, on average, from this watershed (see Plate 51). In
         some locations, the installation of the above described
         geosynthetic mat and rock will also be required.


              The proposed work will likely be performed from the top of
         the bank and inside the channel by shovel and dragline heavy
         equipment. Once the purchase of required project right-of-way
         is complete, total accessibility along the top of the bank will
         be available. Overall, project constructability appears to be
         only moderately difficult.


              It is estimated that project construction -for this
         watershed will take about two years.




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                  Relocations and Removals


                       Roadway and utility relocations required to implement the
                  tentatively selected plan were determined as follows:


                       Item                           Number of Relocations


                       Railroads                             0
                       Roads and Bridges                     8
                       Pipelines                             5
                       Power and  Communication Lines        0
                       Other                                 0


                       There  are no new lands, easements, and/or rights-of-way
                  required for relocation of affected utilities and/or facilities
                  since the relocation can be accomplished in existing facility
                  or utility rights-of-way, proposed project lands, or by
                  elevating the pipelines.


                  Real Estate


                       The tentatively selected plan will require the purchase of
                  222 acres for channel construction, plus 127 acres for
                  mitigation. No real estate purchase is necessary for disposal
                  since the parish landfill will be used. No structures or other
                  improvements, with the exception of some private culverts and
                  bridge crossings, will be taken for this project. Land
                  purchased for channel modifications will be perpetual drainage
                  easements and mitigation areas will be bought outright in fee,
                  not including mineral rights.

                       Several reaches of the main stem of Blackwater Bayou and
                  its tributary cross private property tracts. In-several
                  locations, there exists some form of private access structure
                  and few improvements on the tracts located across the stream.
                  Land use is primarily pasture, agricultural, or vacant. Access
                  structures connect to dirt roads and appear to be used mostly
                  for tractor or on-foot crossings.


                       The proposed channel widening will, to some degree, sever
                  or limit existing access to ten private property tracts that
                  currently have bridge structures that cross the stream. As a
                  means to cure this severance, either damage payments or


                                                 202











         installation of a replacement bridge will occur. For each
         severed tract, a comparison of severance damage payment
         requirements and bridge replacement cost was made. In only two
         cases, it was determined that a replacement bridge is the
         cheaper option. For the remaining eight tracts, property
         damage payments were determined to be the least expensive cost
         to cure severance.


         Mitigation


              The mitigation feature of the tentatively selected plan
         consists of reforestation of 127 acres of existing cleared
         land. It was determined to be practicable to combine
         mitigation sites for the tentatively selected plan for all
         watersheds. Two sites will be utilized for mitigation. See
         Plates 52 and 53. The required 127 acres for this watershed's
         tentatively selected plan will be included as a portion of the
         entire habitat mitigation package for all five watersheds.


         Recreation


              The Blackwater watershed does not lend itself to much
         recreational development in association with the tentatively
         selected plan. While a bike path is a possibility along the
         widened channels, the fact that many of the channels go through
         individual private property tracts precludes this form of
         development. In addition there is no point of destination,
         such as a park or scenic development to attract bikers.


         Aesthetics


              For aesthetic purposes, a top-of-bank tree planting plan
         is proposed and consists of 13.5 miles of tree-planting along
         both sides of Blackwater Bayou for a total of 27 miles. These
         plantings occur in areas of-high impact relative to channel
         improvement involving clearing of top-of-bank vegetation.
         Replacing trees and shrubs lost during construction will return
         aesthetic conditions to the pre-project condition. Table 3
         within Appendix E identifies tree and shrub requirements and
         costs.








                                       203













                   Cultural Resources


                        Preliminary investigations have revealed that there exists
                   one significant site (thought to be modified), one potentially
                   significant recorded site, and one anticipated site located in
                   the project area. There appears to be a moderate chance of
                   uncovering other unknown sites. A more intensive investigation
                   will be conducted prior to construction. Any sites found could
                   likely be avoided by offsetting the proposed channel alignment.
                   These efforts will be coordinated with the State Historic
                   Preservation Office (SHPO).


                   Stream Gaging


                        The U.S. Geological Survey has an existing parish-wide
                   stream gaging program that includes installations in this
                   watershed. Improvements are proposed for gages at Hooper Road
                   and Dyer Road. Data from these gages will be used in both the
                   final project design and in monitoring the effectiveness of the
                   project. Gages will be upgraded as part of this project
                   construction and then will be maintained by the U.S. Geological
                   Survey as part of their existing parish program.


                   Operation, Maintenance Re-pair, Repla cement, and Rehab (O&M)


                        Required O&M for the channels consist of continuous
                   inspection and debris removal, annual herbicide application,
                   and clearing and snagging every 5 to 10 years, where necessary.
                   Herbicide spraying would be conducted in accordance with the
                   Environmental Protection Agency's guidelines. Maintenance of
                   combined project mitigation areas is also necessary and such
                   costs have-been prorated to the overall O&M of this watershed's
                   tentatively selected plan. Operation and maintenance of the
                   above listed stream gages is also required as part of this
                   plan.


                   Environmental  and Social Effects


                        The only  significant long term environmental impact of the
                   tentatively selected plan'is the destruction of 90 acres of
                   bottomland hardwood forests. This loss will be mitigated with
                   the planting and maintenance of 127 acres of existing cleared
                   land. There will be minimal short term effects on stream water


                                                   204










         quality during construction only. Aquatic habitat will receive
         adverse impacts from loss of diversity and increased in-stream
         temperature.  The loss of screening vegetation along the
         channel banks would result in a significant aeshthtic loss.
         However, this loss would be mitigated by plantings of trees on
         both sides of 13.5 miles of channel.


              The most significant beneficial social impacts of this
         plan would be the relief from flooding to those affected.
         Adverse social impacts include the taking of some unimproved
         private property. Temporary traffic rerouting for bridge
         relocations is also necessary during construction of the plan.


         Economic Benefits


              The tentatively selected plan would generate significant
         economic benefits from flood damage reduction to existing, and,
         to some extent, projected future development. Benefits were
         only quantified, however, for existing development. It is
         estimated that annual average damages in this watershed would
         be reduced by about 70 percent. A breakdown of these
         anticipated benefits are shown in Table 71.


         Final Costs, Net Benefits


              Costs and benefits for the tentatively selected plan were
         further developed and updated to include all features and items
         not included in the screening and selection process. In this
         estimate, a significant higher level of detail was given to
         construction considerationsr real estate requirements, and
         indirect items such as project designs and management costs.
         The inclusion of potential erosion control measures and real
         estate severance and acquisition costs signifi-cantly increased
         the estimated project cost as compared to that used in the
         screening and selection process. Some reconsideration was
         given to the plan selection process and it was determined that
       -this cost increase would be relatively the same for all other
         plans considered. It was therefore determined that no change
         in the plan selection was warranted by the increased final
         costs.


              Final costs and benefits for the tentatively selected plan
         are shown in Table 71. Complete itemized costs by account code


                                        205












                  feature are shown in Table 72. The total first cost of the
                  tentatively selected plan, including all items, is estimated to
                  be $21,640,000. Total tentatively selected plan annual
                  operation and maintenance costs, including all features, is
                  estimated at $64,000 per year. Project first costs were
                  converted to equivalent annual dollars using an interest rate
                  of 8.00 percent over a 50-year period. It has been determined
                  that the most likely estimate of equivalent annual costs and
                  benefits indicates that the tentatively selected plan will
                  generate $1,888,000 per year net benefits. The benefit-cost
                  ratio is 1.88 to 1.


                       Construction of each watershed's tentatively selected plan
                  will be phased. Construction of the tentatively selected plan
                  for Blackwater Bayou is scheduled to start in 2001. Fully-
                  funded cost estimates in accordance with this construction
                  schedule are shown in Plan Implementation.


                  Cost-Sharing


                       A breakdown of incremental and fully-funded cost-sharing
                  requirements for the tentatively selected plan is shown in Plan
                  Implementation. The local sponsor will be responsible in
                  providing and/or bearing the full costs of all required lands,
                  easements, rights-of-way, relocations, and disposal areas for
                  this project. The local sponsor will also bear 100 percent of
                  annual operation and maintenance, rehabilitation, and all
                  replacement costs.





















                                                206













                                       TABLE 71
                                  BLACKKATER BAYOU
           PROJECT COSTS AND BENEFITS FOR THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                   (1994 DOLLARS, 8.00% INTEREST, 50-YEAR PERIOD)



         FIRST COSTS
               CONSTRUCTION FEATURE                 $21,690,000
               GROSS INVESTMENT                     $25,503,320
               (includes interest lost
                during construction)


         AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS
               INTEREST/AMORTIZATION                $ 2,085FOOO
               OPERATION/MAINTENANCE                $     64,000


               TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS           $  2,149,000


         AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS*
               INUNDATION REDUCTION                 $  3,964,200
               FIA COSTS SAVED                      $       8f350
               REDUCED EMERGENCY COSTS              $     34,200
               FILL REDUCTION                       $     30,680
               RECREATION                           $          0
               EROSION CONTROL                      $          0
               BENEFITS DURING  CONSTRUCTION        $          0


               TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS        $  4,037,430


         BENEFIT/COST RATIO                                1.88


            CALCULATED WITH  PROPOSED COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN
            PLACE


         SOURCE: U.S. ARMY    CORPS OF ENGINEERSf NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT











                                         207
















                                                                                  TABLE 72
                                                             BLACKWATER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                                             CHART OF ACCOUNTS



                             Account                                                             Unit
                              Code                   Item                Quantity       Unit      Price      Amount     Contingencies Project Cost


                            01 ---      LANDS AND DAMAGES


                                        Construction
                            OlB--       Acquisitions
                            OlBl-       By Government                                                            7,580           1,900          9,480
                            OlB2-       By LocaL Sporksor(LS)                                                 103,820           25,960        129,780
                            0184-       Review Of LS                                                             6,120           1,530          7,650

                            OlC--       Condemnations
                            OlC2        By LS                                                                   13,140           3,290          16,430
                            OlC4-       Review of LS                                                             3,480              870         4,350

                            O1E--       Appraisats
                            OlE3-       By LS                                                                 103,000           25,710        128,710
                            OlE5-       Review of LS                                                            20,600           5,150         25,750

                            01G--       Temporary Permits
                            OlGl-       By Government                                                            2,310              580         2,890
                            OIG2-       By LS                                                                    8,360           2,070          10,430
                            OlG4-       Review of LS                                                              660               170           830

                            O1R--       ReaL Estate Payments
                            OlRl-       Land Payments
                            OIR18       By LS                                                                 898,000          225,000      1,123,000

                            OlT--       LERRD Credits
                            OlTl-       Land Payments                                                            6,490           1,620          8,110
                            OlT2-       Administrative Costs                                                     5,870           1,470          7,340
                            OIT4-       ALL Other                                                                3,400              850         4,250

                            01  ---     Subtotat: Lands And Damages (Construction)                                                          1,182,830
                                        Contingencies                                                                                         296,170
                            01  ---     SubtotaL: Lands And Damages (Construction)                                                          1,479,000

                                        Mitigation
                            OlBl-       By Goverment.                                                            1,090              280         1,370
                            0162-       By LocaL Sponsor(LS)                                                     1,710              430         2,140
                            0184-       Review Of LS                                                              320               go            400

                            OlC--       Condemnations
                            OlC2        By LS                                                                     340               90            430
                            OlC4-       Review of LS                                                              150               40            190

                            O1E--       AppraisaLs
                            OlE3-       By LS                                                                    1,700              430         2,130
                            OlE5-       Review of LS                                                             -430               110           540

                            01F--       PL 91-646 Assistance                                                      150               40            190
                            OlFl-       By Government                                                               50              10              60
                            OlF4-       Review Of LS

                            OlG--       Temporary Permits
                            OlGl-       By Government                                                             480               120           600
                            OIG2-       By LS                                                                     680               170           850
                            OIG4-       Review of LS                                                              140               40            180

                            OlR--       ReaL Estate Payments
                            OlRl-       Land Payments
                            01RIB       By LS                                                                 283,250           71,320        354,570

                            01T--       LERRD Credits
                            OlTl-       Land Payments                                                             770               190           960
                            OlT3-       PL 91-646 Assistance                                                      760               190           950

















             Account                                                             Unit
             Code                  I tern                Quantity       Unit      Price      Amount     Contingencies Project Cost

           O1T2-      Administrative Costs                                                          960             240          1,200
           01T4-      Other                                                                         190              50            240

           01 ---    Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Mitigation)                                                                 293,1n
                     Contingencies                                                                                             73,830
           01 ---    Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Mitigation)                                                                 367,000

           01 ---    TOTAL: LANDS AND DAMAGES                                                                               1,846,000


           02 ------ RELOCATIONS

           0201 ---- Roads, Construction Activities
           0201 ---- McCullough Road Bridge BW-2
                     2-Lane, Class-6 Road (Light Duty)
                     Permanent Relocation                           1    LS   154,960.00      154,960           38,717        193,677
           0201 ---- Stackwater Road Bridge BW-3
                     (Ned Duty)
                     Permanent Relocation                           I    LS   201,760.00      201,760           50,410        252,1n
           0201 ---- Dyer Road Bridge BW-4
                     2-Lane, CLass-4 Road (Ned Duty)
                     Permanent Relocation                           I    LS   215,200.00      215,200           53,767        268,967
           0201 ---- Carey Road Bridge BW-5
                     2-Lane, Ctass-4 Road (Light Duty)
                     Permanent Relocation                           1    LS   167,840.00      167,840           41,934        209,774
           0201 ---- BLackwater Road Bridge BW-6
                     2-Lane, CLass-4 Road (Ned Duty)
                     Permanent Relocation                           1    Ls   269,040.00      269,040           67,220        336,260
           0201 ---- CrumhoLt Road Bridge    BW-10
                     2-Lane, CLass-6 Road    (Light Duty)
                     Permanent Relocation                           1    LS   176,480.00      176,480           44,094        220,574
           0201 ---- Core Lane Bridge BW1-3
                     2-Lane, CLass-6 Road (Light Duty)
                     Permanent Relocation                           I    LS   138,880.00      138,880           34,698        173,578

           0201 ---- SUBTOTAL: Roads                                                                                        1,324,160
                     Contingencies                                                                                            330,840
           0201 ---- SUBTOTAL: Roads                                                                                        1,655,000

           0203 ---- Cemeteries, Utilities And Structures

           020318--  Utilities
           02031815  121, Petroleum Products Pipeline BW-8
                     Permanent Relocation                           I    LS     60,240.00       60,240          15,162         75,402
           02031815  1811 Petroleum Products  Pipeline BW-8A
                     Permanent Relocation                           1    LS   100,320.00      100,320           25,251        125,571
           02031815  1611 Petroleum Products  Pipeline BW-9
                     Permanent Relocation                           I    LS     88,480.00       88,480          22,270        110,750
           02031815  161, Petroleum Products  Pipeline BW1-6
                     Permanent Relocation                           I    LS   102,480.00      102,480           25,797        128,277

           0203 ---- SUBTOTAL: Cemeteries,    Utilities And Structures                                                        351,520
                     Contingencies                                                                                             88,480
           0203 ---- SUBTOTAL: Cemeteries,    Utilities And Structures                                                        "0' 000

           02 ------ TOTAL: RELOCATIONS                                                                                     2,095,000


           D6 ------ FISH AND WILDLIFE FACILITIES



           0603 ---- Wildlife Facilities And Sanctuaries

           060301-- Mob And Demob

           060371-- Fences
           06037102 Fencing                                     6,203    LF           5.45      33,806            8,5"         42,350
















                               Account                                                              Uni t
                               Code                   Item                  Quantity      Unit      Price         Amount   Contingencies Project Cost

                             060373--   Habitat Arid Feeding Facilities
                             06037302 Planting                                      107     AC        150.00      16,050            3,600          19,650

                             06 ------  subtotal: Fish And Wildlife Facilities                                                                     49,856
                                        Contingencies                                                                                              12,1"
                             06 ------  TOTAL: FISH AND WILDLIFE FACILITIES                                                                        62,000


                             09 ------  CHANNELS AND CANALS


                             0901 ----  Channels
                             090101--   Mob & Demob                        Lump Sum         LS    150,000.00      150,000          29,777          179,777
                             09011502   Clearing For Channel Dredging               164     AC      5,900.00      967,600         192,146      1,159,746
                             09011502   Excavation                              517,600     CY         5.10     2,639,760         524,201      3,163,961
                             09013002   GeotextiLe Hat
                                         Turf reinforcement                     887,000     SY         6.00     5,322,000       1,060,000      6,382,000
                                         R-90 Stone                             137,800     TN         19.50    2,687,100         533,5T7      3,220,677
                                         HydromuLch                             551,500     SY         0.25       137,875          27,379          165,254
                                         Excavation   For Stone                 141,400     CY         5.10       721,140         143,196          864,336
                             09013002   FusepLug dams                      Lump Sum         LS    102,000.00      102,000          20,249          122,249
                             09019906   Aesthetic Plantings
                                         Aesthetic Tree Planting                  5,700     EA         15.00      85,500           21,500          107,000

                             09 ------  SUBTOTAL: Channels And Canals                                                                          12,812,975
                                        Contingencies                                                                                          2,552,025
                             09 ------  TOTAL: CHANNELS AND CANALS                                                                             15,365,000


                             29 ---     PROJECT COOPERATION AGREEMENTS

                             29A--      Draft PCA
                             29A1-      Real Estate Activities                                                       600              100            700
                             29A9-      ALL Other                                                                    800              200          1,000

                             298--      Final PCA and Financial  Plan
                             2981-      Real Estate Activities                                                       600              100            700
                             2989-      ALL Other                                                                    800              200          1,000

                             29c--      PCA Negotiations
                             29CI-      Real Estate Activities                                                       500              100            600
                             29C1-      ALL Other                                                                    800              200          1,000

                             29 ---     Subtotal: Project Cooperation Agreements                                                                   4,100
                                        Contingecies.                                                                                                900
                             29 ---     TOTAL: PROJECT COOPERATION AGREEMENTS                                                                      5,000


                             30 ---     ENGINEERING AND DESIGN

                             30c--      Design Memorandum                                                         660,000         132,000          792,000
                             30CD-      HTRW Studies                                                              55,000            5,000          60,000
                             30CF-      Cost Estimates                                                            -18,000           4,000          22,000
                             30CN-      VE Studies                                                                30,000            6,000          36,000

                             30DA-      P&S                                                                       171,000          34,000          205,000
                             30DF-      Cost Estimates                                                            14,000            3,000          17,000
                             30DN-      VE Studies                                                                  5,000           1,000          6,000

                             30DA-      P&S - Mitigation                                                          23,000            5,000          28,000

                             300--      Construction And Supply Contract Award Activities                         10,000            2,000          12,000

                             30DV-      Engineering During Construction                                           28,000            6,000          34,000
                             30E--      Engineering And Design Phase Project Management                           86,000           17,000          103,000

















           Account                                                             Unit
            Code                  Item                 Quantity      Unit      Price      Amount      Contingencies  Project Cost


          30Z--     Misc. Activities
                     Monitoring
                      Install Gages                                                          12,000           2,000         14,000
                      Preconstruction ON For Gages                                           43,000           9,000         52,000
                     PMO                                                                     58,000          12,000         70,000
                     LMVD                                                                    13,000           3,000         16,000

          30---     SUBTOTAL: Engineering And Design                                                                     1,226,000
                    Contingencies                                                                                         241,000
          30---     TOTAL: ENGINEERING AND DESIGN                                                                        1,467,000


          31---     CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT


          316--     Contract Administration
          3163-      Review And Approval of Contract Payments                                24,000           5,000         29,000
          31B4-      Contract Modifications                                                  76,000          15,000         91,000
          3185-      Progress And Completion Reports                                         32,000           7,000         39,000
          31B9-      ALL Other                                                              107,000          21,000       128,000
          31D--     Review of Shop Drawings
          31DO-      Review of Shop Drawings                                                 19,000           4,000         23,DO0
          31E--     Inspection & QuaL. Assur.
          31E1-      Schedule Compliance                                                     18,000           4,000         22,000
          31E2-      Compliance Sampling And Testing                                         15,000           3,000         18,000
          31E3-      Quality Surveys                                                         47,000           9,000         56,000
          31E4-      Title 11 Services                                                       43,000           9,000         52,000
          31E9-      ALI Other                                                              281,000          56,000       337,000

          31T--     Construction Phase  Project Management                                   46,000           9,000         55,000

          31  ---   SUBTOTAL: Construction Management                                                                     708,000
                    Contingencies                                                                                         142,000
          31  ---   TOTAL: CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT                                                                        850,000

                    TOTAL: BLACKWATER BAYOU                                                                             21,690,000












                  Risk and Uncertainty


                       A modified risk and uncertainty analysis was performed on
                  calculated benefits and costs of the Tentatively Selected Plan.
                  In general, statistical ranges used in this analysis were broad
                  and were established primarily for the purposes of identifying
                  the direction of change that may be expected due to known
                  uncertainties. The single value estimates calculated above
                  were, therefore, used as the basis for determining the utlimate
                  cost-effectiveness of the plan.


                       Five items were identified as having potential major
                  variance on the overall project's feasibility. These items and
                  their estimated variance ranges are discussed below.
                  Additional detail of the analysis can be found in Economics
                  Appendix H.


                           -Stage Frequency Values.


                            Without project (existing) and with project
                            floodstage frequency values directly affect existing
                            and with project calculated damage dollar values.
                            Variances on both existing and with project stages
                            were determined to be practicably within plus or
                            minus 1.0 feet for all storm frequency eventst for
                            without project conditions and plus or minus 0.5 feet
                            for with project conditions. See Engineering
                            Appendix C. Damage values were recalculated
                            incorporating this range. Applying the results, it
                            is estimated that without project flood damages vary
                            from minus $2,773,000 to plus $4,409,000 per year
                            from the estimate. With project flood damages are
                            estimated to vary from minus $530,00a to plus
                            $479,000 per year from the single value estimate.
                            Note that it was determined that there is likely to
                            be some correlation between existing and with project
                            stage frequency variance. A correlation factor of
                            0.5 was applied to this item in the "risk analysis"
                            calculations described below.








                                                 212













             Structure Elevations.


             variances in structure elevations directly affect
             both existing and with project calculated damage
             dollar values. 'Within practical limits, structure
             elevation variance was determined to be minus 0.5 to
             plus 0.5 feet. The calculated dollar value variance
             is minus $589,000 to plus $2,271,000 for existing
             annual damages, and, minus $530,000 to plus $479,000
             for with project annual damages. Note that there is
             a direct correlation between existing and with
             project variances. A correlation factor of 1.0 was,
             therefore, applied to this item in the "risk
             analysis" calculations described below.


             Structure Valuation.


             Variances in the estimate of structure values also
             affects both existing and with project calculated
             damage dollar value. Structure value variance range
             is estimated at plus or minus 10 percent from the
             single value estimate. Applying these results, it is
             estimated that existing flood damages vary from minus
             $496,000 to plus $431,000 per year. With project
             flood damages range from minus $142,000 to plus
             $125,000. A correlation factor of 1.0 was applied to
             with and without project vaiances.


             Construction Costs.


             Estimated variances in calculated quantities, unit
             prices, constructability, and other factors were
             considered in calculating the channel construction
             cost estimate. The calculated cost range is from
             minus $6,500,000 to plus $2,220,000 relative to the
             single value estimate used for this item. Converting,
             this range to equivalent annual dollars yields minus
             $650,000 to plus $222,000 per year.


             Erosion Control Measures.


             As stated above, the extent that erosion control
             measures (geosynthetic,mat and rock) is needed


                                 213










                               throughout the watershed is uncertain. For the
                               purposes of this study, a worst case condition, i.e.,
                               the need for erosion control for the entire channel,
                               was considered and used as the basis for the single
                               value cost estimate for this item. Through field
                               investigation it has been determined, however, that
                               the need for erosion control may be significantly
                               less extensive. The total channel length that may
                               require erosion control measures could be less than
                               25 percent of the total. Since this item is
                               discounted to a degree in the variance estimate of
                               construction cost, it was determined that the
                               variance for this specific feature should be minus
                               50 percent to plus 5 percent from the single value
                               cost estimate. In first cost this range is from
                               minus $5,000,000 to plus $500,000. Conversion to
                               equivalent annual dollars yields a range of minus
                               $500,000 to plus $50,000 per year.

                         The above uncertainty spreads were integrated with the
                    single most likely value estimates'for existing annual damages,
                    with project damages and project costs. With the aid of "At
                    Risk" computer software, probability ranges were calculated.
                    The calculated probability distributions for project cost,
                    benefits! net benefits, and benefit-to-cost ratio are
                    illustrated in Figures 2 through 5.


                         The calculated expected values generated as compared to
                    the single value estimates were determined as follows:


                                                    SINGLE VALUE     CALCULATED
                    (EQUIVALENT ANNUAL)             ESTIMATE         EXPECTED VALUE

                    PROJECT BENEFITS                $4,037,000       $5,153,000
                    PROJECT COSTS                   $2,149,000       $1,856,000
                    NET BENEFITS                    $1,888,000       $3,297,000
                    BENEFIT/COST RATIO                      1.88            2.78

                    PROBABILITY OF PROJECT                   N/A             99%
                      NET POSITIVE BENEFITS

                    These results show an expected increase in project net
                    benefits. This increase was due primarily to an expected
                    reduction in project costs, specifically, costs for erosion
                    control and private bridges.


                                                    214
















                                                         Figure 2
                                                    Blockwater Bayou
                                               Probability Distribution

                                                       -------------  -------------------------------
                  14%   --------------------------
                                                Expected Result: = 1,856


                          -------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  11.27,                                                                            X


                  8.4%  ----------------------------------                      ---------------------




                                                                                       ---------------
                  5.6%  ----------------------------



                  2.8%  ------------------- *------                                      -------------



                    0% -
                       1000 1187.5 1375 1562.5 1750 1937.5 2125                         2312.5 2500
                                             Project Costs (Annual $1,000)





















                                                                          7,   e 3
                                                                              t
                                                                     Blackgwuarer Bayou
                                                                Probability Distribution

                                             ---------------------------------        ----------------------------------
                                      14%                                      J
                                                                             E@pectecl Result = 5,153

                                             -----------------------------      --------------------------------------  z



                                      8.4%                                             ...............I ----------------




                                                    -----------





                                      2.8%  ------------                                                 ---------------



                                        0%
                                           1500 2487.5 3475 4462.5 5450 6437.5 7425 8412.5 9400
                                                              Project Benefits (Annual $1,000)
















                                                      Figure 4
                                                  Blackwater Bayou
                                              Probability DisVibution
                 14%   ------------------   ---------------- * -------------------------------------
                                                Expected: Result = 3,297


                                                              ------------------------------------
                        -------------------------------





                                                              ---- -------------------------------
                 3.4%      ------------------




                                    ------                                ---------------------------




                 2.8%  -----------                                                   -----------------



                    0%
                      -600 475           1550 2625 3700 4775 5850 6925 8000
                                            Net Benefits (Annual $1.000)
















                                                                        Fig ure 5
                                                                     Blackwater Bayou
                                                                Probability Distribution
                                                                                 I
                                             ---------------------------------    --------------------------------------
                                      15%
                                                                 Expected Re@ult         2.8

                                            -----------------------------            -----------------------------------
                                      12%



                                      9.007, ---- ----------                         ------------------------------------




                                                                                                -------------------------
                                      6%



                                      3%    --------I                                                 -------------------



                                        0%
                                            0        .75      1.5      2.25       3       3.75      4.5      5.25        6
                                                                    Benefit to Cost- Ratio
                                              ---------------------













         BEAVER BAYOU


         Description


              The tentatively selected plan for the Beaver Bayou
         watershed consists of widening approximately 8 miles of the
         existing earthen channel of the main stem of the Bayou. Also
         included are proposed improvements to several bridges and
         culverts. Proposed modifications are designed to convey a 25-
         year storm event within streambank and reduce out-of-bank
         stages of larger flood events.


              New channel slopes are designed 1 V on 3.5 H. Design
         bottom widths vary per stream reach. No significant changes
         are proposed to existing channel bottom elevation or slope.
         Proposed channel bottom width designs for each stream reach
         along with bridge and culvert modifications are listed in
         Table 73. Plates 42 and 43, respectively, show proposed
         channel modifications and relocations.


         Plan Effectiveness


              The tentatively selected plan is designed to convey and
         contain a 25-year storm event within the streambank. Flood
         stages of greater storm events will also be reduced. Expected
         stage lowerings for various storm events at selected locations
         in the watershed are shown in Table 74 and Plate 56. Overflow
         maps, illustrating existing and with project floodplains are
         shown in the Engineering Appendix C. The expected reduction in
         floodstages will result in a substantial lowering in the number
         of structures located in 0-50 year floodplains (see Table 75).
              By the year 204@, urbanization in this-watershed is
         projected to increase from 36 to 50 percent. Estimates from
         hydrologic modelling indicate that the 10-year with project
         average stage will be about 0.2 feet higher and that there will
         be about 0.1 feet added difference in average 100-year flood
         stages. Implementation of a floodplain management program,
         that would not allow future development to significantly
         increase flood stages, would likely reduce thes e projected
         stage increases. The continued implementation and enforcement
         of East Baton Rouge Parish's floodplain ordinance (see
         Appendix K) will be satisfactory for this watershed.


                                       215













                                                        TABLE 73


                                        BEAVER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                        PROPOSED CHANNEL WIDTHS AM RELOCATIONS





                                        PROPOSED
                      CHANNEL           BOTTOM WIDTH             LOCATION


                      Beaver Bayou                               Improvements from Frenchtown Road
                                                                 to Hubbs Road. 25-year earthen
                                                                 channel design.
                                        201BW                    Frenchtown Road to 23001 d/s
                                                                 Greenwell Springs Road.
                                        501BW                    23001 d/s Greenwell Springs Road
                                                                 to Greenwell Springs Road.
                                        improve bridge           Greenwell Springs Road (lengthen
                                                                 90 feet).
                                        501BW                    Greenwell Springs to Wax Road.
                                        improve bridge           Wax Road (lengthen 115 feet).
                                        501BW                    Wax Road to Hooper Road.
                                        301BW                    Hooper Road to Denham Road.
                                          51BW                   Denham Road to Hubbs Road.
                      Lateral Trib.     No Work


                      Tributary #2      No Work


                      Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District.


























                                                           216















                                                      TABLX 74


                                   BEAVER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY RPT-12CTED PLAN
                                    EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE ]REDUCTIONS (M)
                                  (WITH CO1ffTE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PLACE)



            Beaver Bayou    Main Stem


                       Frenchtown       Greenwell        Wax      Hooper      Denham       Hubbs
            Event      Road             Springs Rd.      Road     Road        Road         Road


              1-YR     0.0              3.1              3.2      4.5         4.2          1.4
              2-YR     0.0              3.1              3.0      4.1         3.8          1.4
              5-YR     0.0              3.2              2.7      3.7         3.4          1.2
             10-YR     0.0              3.0              2.7      3.2         3.1          1.1
             25-YR     0.0              3.2              2.6      3.0         2.8          1.0
             50-YR     0.0              3.0              2.6      2.6         2.5          0.8
            100-YR     0.0              2.7              2.6      1.8         2.2          0.8
            200-YR     0.0              2.6              2.3      1.3         2.1          0.8
            500-YR     0.0              2.6              1.8      1.3         2.0          0.7







            Beaver Bayou Lateral and Tributary #2
                       Beaver Bayou Lateral                           Tributary #2


                                Devall  Near                              Devall       Near
            Event      Mouth    Road    Puckett              Mouth        Road         Core Ln


              1-YR     3.0      0.7     0.0                  3.7          0.0          0.0
              2-YR     2.6      0.7     0.0                  3.1          0.0          0.0
              5-YR     2.5      0.6     0.0                  2.7          0.0          0.0
             10-YR     2.4      0.4     0.0                  2.6          0.0          0.0
             25-YR     2.3      0.3     0.0                  1.2          0.0          0.0
             50-YR     2.1      0.3     0.0                  1.0          0.0          0.0
            100-YR     1.8      0.3     0.0                  0.9          0.0          0.0
            200-YR     1.8      0.2     0.0                  0.8          0.0          0.0
            500-YR     1.5      0.1     0.0                  0.8          0.0          0.0


            Source: U.S.   Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans   District


















                                                      217















                                                                                                 TABLE 75


                                                                                                BEAVER BAYOU
                                                             NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED IN THE VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS
                                                                      VWTM AND MMOUT THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                                        (WITH COMrIE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PLACE)




                                     BASIN       STRUCTURE            0-10        10-25         25-50        50-100    100-500    ABOVE 5W           ALLFLOOD
                                     NO.         CATEGORY             YEAR        YEAR          YEAR         YEAR      YEAR       YEAR               ZONES


                                                 WMiOUT PROJECT


                                     14          1-STORY              312         72            16           100       71           676              1,247
                                                 2-STIORY             14          2             1            1         7            28                 .53
                                                 MOBILE HOME          9           17            6            9         14           197                252
                                                 COMNIERCIAL          94          7             2            4         5            135                247
                                                 TOTAL                429         98            25           114       97         1,036              1,799





                                                 WITH TENTATTVELY SELECTED PLAN


                                                 1-ST'ORY             133         22            71           49        151          821              1,247
                                                 2-SIORY              7           0             2            2         3            39                 53
                                                 MOBILE HOME          5           0             2            2         8            233                252
                                                 COMNEERCIAL          18          2             3            7         6            211                247
                                                 TOTAL                163         26            78           60        168        1,304              1,799


                                     SOURCE.     U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEM, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT




                                     Desicrn and Construction


                                                 Existing soils data from available sources were used in
                                     determining channel design slopes and possible erosion
                                     protection. A channel slope design of 1 V on 3.5 H was
                                     determined to be necessary to reasonably ensure )ank stability.
                                     This design slope was determined to be applicable throughout
                                     the watershed. I


                                                 Soils data reveal that some sands occur in scattered
                                     locations, and in varying layer thickness, throughout the
                                     watershed. From field investigations it was determined that
                                     where these sands occur, significant bank erosion-is taking
                                     place. Proposed excavation in these locations would aggravate
                                     this condition without the addition of erosion protection. A


                                                                                                    218










         preliminary erosion control system was designed and consists of
         a geosynthetic bank cover with toe-anchor rock (see detail on
         Plate 47). The extent of which this system is needed will not
         be known until site-specific soil borings are taken and
         analyzed. Changes to this design may also be warranted pending
         soil investigations. While erosion control may not be required
         for much of the channel, it is included in the design for the
         entire channel length as a "worst case" possibility.

              Construction will basically consist of channel clearing
         and the excavation of approximately 695,000 cubic yards of
         material. This material will be disposed in the parish
         landfill located in the northwest corner of the parish about
         14 miles, on average, from this watershed. In some locations,
         the installation of the above described geosynthetic mat and
         rock will also be required.


              The proposed work will likely be performed from the top of
         the bank and inside the channel by shovel and dragline heavy
         equipment. Once the purchase of required project right-of-way
         is complete, total accessibility along the top of the bank will
         be available. overall, project constructability appears to be
         only moderately difficult.

              It is estimated that project construction for this
         watershed will take about two years.


         Relocations and Removals


              Roadway and utility relocations required to implement the
         tentatively selected plan were determined as follows:


              Item                          Number of-Relocations


              Railroads                             0
              Roads and Bridges                     2
              Pipelines                             12
              Power and Communication Lines         0
              Other                                 0


              There are no new lands, easements, and/or rights-of-way
         required for relocation of affected utilities and/or facilities
         since the relocation can be accomplished in existing facility


                                       219










                  or utility rights-of-way, proposed project lands, or by
                  elevating the pipelines.


                  Real Estate


                       The tentatively selected plan will require the purchase of
                  134 acres for channel construction, plus 122 acres for
                  mitigation. No real estate purchase is necessary for disposal
                  since the parish landfill will be used. No structures or other
                  improvements, with the exception of some private culverts,
                  bridge crossings, and one bulkhead, will be taken for this
                  project. Land purchased for channel modifications will be
                  perpetual drainage easements and mitigation areas will be
                  bought outright in fee, excluding mineral rights.

                       Much of the main stem of Beaver Bayou segment private
                  property tracts. In several locations, there exists some form
                  of private access structure and few improvements on the tracts
                  located across the stream. Land use is primarily pasture,
                  agricultural, or vacant. Access structures connect to dirt
                  roads and appear to be used for tractor or on-foot crossings.


                       The proposed channel widening will, to some degree, sever
                  or limit existing access to nine private property tracts that
                  currently have bridge structures that cross the stream. As a
                  means to cure this severance, either damage payments or
                  installation of a replacement bridge will occur. For each
                  severed tract, a comparison of severance damage payment
                  requirements and bridge replacement cost was made. In four
                  cases, it was determined that a replacement bridge is the
                  cheaper option. For the remaining five tracts, property damage
                  payments were determined to be the least expensive cost to cure
                  severance.


                  Mitigation


                       The mitigation feature of the tentatively selected plan
                  consists of reforestation of 122 acres of existing cleared
                  land. It was determined to be practicable to combine
                  mitigation sites for the tentatively selected plan for all
                  watersheds. Two sites will be utilized for mitigation.     See
                  Plates 52 and 53. The required 122 acres for this watershed's



                                                220










         tentatively selected plan will be included as a portion of the
         entire mitigation package for all five watersheds.


         Recreation


              The Beaver Bayou watershed does not lend itself to much
         recreational development in association with the tentatively
         selected plan. While a bike path is a possibility along the
         widened channels, the fact that many of the channels go through
         individual private property tracts precludes this form of
         development. In addition there is no point of destination,
         such as a park or scenic development to attract bikers.


         Aesthetics


              For aesthetic purposes, a top-of-bank tree replanting plan
         is proposed and consists of 7.8 miles of tree and shrub line
         planting along both sides of Beaver Bayou for a total of
         15.6 miles. These plantings occur in areas of impact relative
         to channel improvement involving clearing of top-of-bank
         vegetation. Replacing trees and shrubs lost during
         construction will return aesthetic conditions to the pre-
         project condition. See Table 3 of the Environmental Appendix
         which identifies tree and shrub requirements and cost per
         watershed.


         Cultural Resources


              Previous channel work on Beaver Bayou impacted two sites.
         Preliminary investigations indicate that no other significant
         cultural resources will likely be impacted by the tentatively
         selected plan and that the project area is considered to have a
         low probability for containing such sites. A-more intensive
         investigation prior to construction is required however. Any
         sites found could likely be avoided by offsetting the proposed
         channel alignment. These efforts will be coordinated with the
         State Historic Preservation officer (SHPO).


         Stream Gaging


              The U.S. Geological Survey has an existing parish-wide
         stream gaging program that includes installations in this
         watershed. Improvements are proposed for gages located at


                                       221










                  Hooper, Wax, and Frenchtown Roads. Data from these gages will
                  be used in both the final project design and in monitoring the
                  effectiveness-of the project. Gages will be upgraded as part
                  of this projects's construction and then will be maintained by
                  the U.S. Geological Survey as part of their existing parish
                  program.


                  Operation, Maintenance Repair, Replacement, and Rehab (O&M)


                       Required O&M for the channels consist of continuous
                  inspection and debris removal, annual herbicide application,
                  and clearing and snagging every 5 to 10 years, where necessary.
                  Herbicide spraying would be conducted in accordance with the
                  Environmental Protection Agency's guidelines. Maintenance of
                  combined project mitigation areas is also necessary and such
                  costs have been prorated to the overall O&M of this watershed's
                  tentatively selected plan. Operation and maintenance of the
                  above listed stream gages is also required as part of this
                  plan.


                  Environmental and Social Effects


                       The only significant long term environmental impact of the
                  tentatively selected plan is the destruction of 86 acres of
                  bottomland hardwood forestation. This loss will be mitigated
                  with the planting and maintenance of 122 acres of existing
                  cleared land, which in turn, are permanently lost. There will
                  be minimal short term effects on stream water quality during-
                  construction only. Aquatic habitat will receive adverse
                  impacts from reduced diversity and increased in-stream
                  temperatures. The loss of screening vegetation along the
                  channel banks would result in a significant aesthetic loss.
                  However, this loss would be mitigated by plantings of trees on
                  both sides of 7.6 miles of channel.


                       The most significant beneficial social impacts of this
                  plan would be the relief from flooding to those affected.
                  Adverse social impacts include the taking of some unimproved
                  private property. Temporary traffic rerouting for bridge
                  relocations is also necessary during construction.-of the plan.




                                                 222










        Economic Benefits,

             The tentatively selected plan would generate significant
        economic benefits from flood damage reduction to existing, and,
        to some extent, projected future development. Benefits were
        only quantified, however, for existing development. It is
        estimated that annual average damages in this watershed would
        be reduced by about 85 percent. A breakdown of these
        anticipated benefits are shown in Table 76.


        Final Costs, Net Benefits


             Costs and benefits for the tentatively selected plan were
        further developed and updated to include all features and items
        not included in the screening and selection process. In this
        estimate, a significant higher level of detail was given to
        construction considerations, real estate requirements, and
        indirect items such as project designs and management costs.
        The inclusion of potential erosion control measures and real
        estate severance and acquisition costs significantly increased
        the estimated project cost as compared to that used in the
        screening and selection process. Some reconsideration was
        given to the plan selection process and it was determined that
        this cost increase would be relatively the same for all other
        plans considered. It was therefore determined that no change
        in the plan selection was warranted by the increased final
        costs.


             Final costs and benefits for the tentatively selected plan
        are shown in Table 76. Complete itemized costs by account code
        feature are shown in Table 77. The total first cost of the
        tentatively selected plan, including all items, is estimated to
        be $20,590,000 Total tentatively selected plan annual
        operation and maintenance costs, including all features, is
        estimated at $2,034,000 per year. Project first costs were
        converted to equivalent annual dollars using an interest rate
        of 8.00 percent over a 50-year period. It has been determined
        that the estimated annual costs and benefits indicates that the
        tentatively selected plan will generate $6,745,000 per year net
        benefits. The benefit-cost ratio is 4.32 to 1.,


             Construction of each watershed's tentatively selected plan
        will be phased. Construction of the tentatively selected plan


                                       223






  0                    for Beaver Bayou is scheduled to start in 2000. Fully-funded
                       cost estimates in accordance with this construction schedule
                       are shown in Plan Implementation.


                       Cost-Sharing


                             A breakdown of incremental and fully-funded cost-sharing
                       requirements for the tentatively selected plan is shown in Plan
                       Implementation. The local sponsor will be responsible in
                       providing and/or bearing the full costs of all required lands,
                       easements, rights-of-way, relocations, and disposal areas for
                       this project. The local sponsor will also bear 100 percent of
                       annual operation and maintenance, and, all replacement costs.



                                                          TABLE 76
                                                        BEAVER BAYOU
                               PROJECT COSTS AND BENEFITS FOR THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                      (1993 DOLLARS, 8.00% INTEREST, 50-YEAR PERIOD)


                       FIRST COSTS
                             CONSTRUCTION FEATURE                  $20,590,000
                             GROSS INVESTMENT                      $24,104,180
                             (includes interest lost
                              during construction)


                       AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS
                             INTERESTAMORTIZATION                  $ 1,970,000
                             OPERATION/MAINTENANCE                 $     64,000

                             TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS            $ 2,034,000

                       AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS*
                             INUNDATION REDUCTION                  $ 8,521,900
                             FIA COSTS SAVED                       $     18,610
                             REDUCED EMERGENCY COSTS               $     58,600
                             FILL REDUCTION                        $    180,140
                             RECREATION                            $         0
                             EROSION CONTROL                       $         0
                             BENEFITS DURING  CONSTRUCTION         $         0

                             TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS         $ 8,779,250

                       BENEFIT/COST RATIO                                 4.32


                         CALCULATED WITH PROPOSED COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN
                         PLACE


                       SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT




                                                            224















                                                                 TABLE 77
                                               BEAVER BAYOU - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                             CHART OF ACCOUNTS


            Account                                                              Unit
             Code                   Item                Quantity       Unit      Price        Amount    Contingencies Project Cost


            01 ---    LANDS AND DANAGES

                      Construction
            018--     Acquisitions
            OlBl-     By Goverment                                                               7,580           1,900           9,480
            01B2-     By Locat Sponsor(LS)                                                     103,820           25,850       129,670
            0lB4-     Review Of LS                                                               6,180           1,550           7,730

            Olc--     Condemnations
            01C2      By LS                                                                     12,220           3,040          15,260
            01C4-     Review of LS                                                               3,610              900          4,510

            DIE--     Appraisats
            010-      By LS                                                                    103,000           25,750       128,750
            OlE5-     Review of LS                                                              20,600           5,130          25,730

            OIG--     Temporary Permits
            OlGl-     By Goverment                                                               2,310              580          2,890
            01G2-     By LS                                                                      8,360           2,090          10,450
            01G4-     -Review of LS                                                                 660             170            830

            01R--     Reat Estate Payments
            OlRl-     Land Payments
            DIRIB      By LS                                                                   898,000          225,000      1,123,000

            01T--     LERRD Credits
            OlTl-     Land Payments                                                              6,490           1,620           8,110
            OIT2-     Achinistrative Costs                                                       5,870           1,470           7,340
            OlT4-     Other                                                                      3,400              850          4,250

            01 ---    SubtotaL: Lands And Damages (Construction)                                                             1,182,100
                      Contingencies                                                                                           295,900
            01 ---    Subtotat: Lands And Damages (Construction)                                                             1,478,000

                      Nitigation
            0lBl-     By Goverment                                                               1,230              MO           1,540
            0182-     By Locat Sponsor(LS)                                                       1,930              480          2,410
            01B4-     Review Of LS                                                                  360              90            450

            Olc--     Condemnations
            01C2      By LS                                                                         380             100            480
            01C4-     Review of LS                                                                  170              40            210

            01E--     AppraisaLs
            OIE3-     By LS                                                                      1,920              480          2,400
            DlE5-     Review of LS                                                               - 480              120            600

            01F--     PL 91-646 Assistance
            OlFl-     By Government                                                                 170              40            210
            GlF4-     Review Of LS                                                                  70               20              90

            01G--     Temporary Permits
            OlGl-     By Goverment                                                                  540             140            680
            01G2-     By LS                                                                         770             190            960
            01G4-     Review of LS                                                                  150              40            190

            01R--     Reat Estate Payments
            OlRl-     Land Payments
            OlRlB      By LS                                                                   319,300           79,700       399,000

            01T--     LERRD Credits
            OlTl-     Land Payments                                                                 860             220          1,080
            01T3-     PL 91-646 Assistance                                                          860             220          1,080
















                                Account                                                               Unit
                                Code                   Item                   Quantity       Unit     Price       Amount      Contingencies Project Cost

                              01T2-      Administrative Costs                                                          1,080              270           1,350
                              01T4-      Other                                                                           220               50             270


                              01 ---    Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Mitigation)                                                                    330,490
                                        Contingencies                                                                                                62,510
                              01 ---    Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Mitigation)                                                                    413,000

                              01 ---    TOTAL: LANDS AND DAMAGES                                                                                  1,891,000


                              02 ------ RELOCATIONS

                              0201 ---- Roads, Construction Activities
                              0201 ---- La Hwy #408 (Hooper Road) BB-10
                                        2-Lane, CLass-4 Road (Ned Duty)
                                        Permanent Relocation                            1    LS    325,000.00      325,000           81,569         406,569
                              0201 ---- Wax Road Culverts     BB-14
                                        2-Lane, CLass-4 Road (Ned Duty)
                                        Permanent Relocation                            1    LS    315,000.00      315,000           79,059         394,059
                              0201 ---- La Hwy #37 Bridge BB-19
                                        2-Lane, CLass-4 Road (Ned Duty)
                                        Permanent Relocation                            1    LS    380,000.00      380,000           95,372         475,372

                              0201 ---- SUBTOTAL: Roads                                                                                           1,020,000
                                        Contingencies                                                                                               256,000
                              0201 ---- SUBTOTAL: Roads                                                                                           1,276,000

                              0203 ---- Cemeteries, Utilities And Structures

                              020318--  Utilities
                              02031815  311 Gas Pipeline BB-9
                                        Permanent Relocation                            I    LS     75,200.00        75,200          18,929          94,129
                              02031815  411 Gas Pipeline BB-12
                                        Permanent Relocation                            I    LS     84,000.00        84,000          21,144         105,1"
                              02031815  511 Water Line BB-13
                                        Permanent Relocation                            1    LS     67,200.00        67,200          16,916          84,116
                              02031815  411 Gas Pipeline BS-16
                                        Permanent Relocation                            I    LS     80,000.00        80,000          20,138         100,138
                              02031815  61, Gas Pipeline BB-17
                                        Permanent Relocation                            I    LS     80,800.00        80,800          20,339         101,139
                              02031815  811 Water Line 88-18
                                        Permanent Relocation                            I    LS     66,400.00        66,400          16,714          83,114
                              02031815  511 Water Line BS-21
                                        Permanent Relocation                            I    LS     96,640.00        96,640          24,326         120,966
                              02031815  411 Gas Pipeline BS-22
                                        Permanent Relocation                            1    LS    112,000.00      112,000           28,254         140,254

                              0203 ---- SUBTOTAL: Cemeteries, Utilities And Structures                                                              662,240
                                        Contingencies                                                                                               166,760
                              0203 ---- SUBTOTAL: Cemeteries, Utilities Arid Structures                                                             829,000

                              02 ------ TOTAL: RELOCATIONS                                                                                        2,105,000


                              06 ------ FISH AND WILDLIFE FACILITIES

                              0603 ---- WildLife Facilities And Sanctuaries

                              060301--  Mob And Demob

                              060371--  Fences
                              06037102 Fencing                                      7,121    LF           5.45       38,809            9,999         48,808

                              060373--  Habitat And Feeding Facilities
                              06037302 Planting                                       123    AC         150.00       18,450            4,742         23,192
















             Account                                                              Unit
             Code                  Item                   Quantity      Unit      Price       Amount     Contingencies Project Cost

           06 ------ Subtotal: Fish Arid Wildlife Facilities                                                                     57,259
                     Contingencies                                                                                               14,741
           06 ------ TOTAL: FISH AND WILDLIFE FACILITIES                                                                         72,000



           09 ------ CHANNELS AND CANALS


           0901 ---- Channels
           090101--  Mob & Demob                         Lump Sum        LS     220,000.00      220,000          43,444         263,"4
           09011502   Clearing For Chamet Dredging                220    AC       5,900.00   1,298,000          256,321      1,554,321
           09011502   Excavation                              695,000    CY          5.60    3,892,000          768,567      4,660,567
           09013002   Geotextite Mat
                       Turf Reinforcement                     545,100    SY          6.00    3,270,600          645,927      3,916,527
                       R-90 Stone                             130,200    TN          18.50   2,408,700          475,655      2,884,355
                       Hydramutch                             322,400    SY          0.25        80,600          15,916          96,516
                       Excavation  For Stone                  115,700    CY          5.60       647,920         127,947         775,867
           09013002   Fuseptug dams                      Lump Sum        LS      78,000.00       78,000          15,403          93,403
           09019906   Aesthetic Plantings
                       Tree Planting                             4,500   EA          15.00       67,500          16,500          84,000

           09 ------ SUBTOTAL: Channels And Canals                                                                           11,963,320
                     Contingencies                                                                                           2,365,680
           09 ------ TOTAL: CHANNELS AND CANALS                                                                              14,329,000


           29 ---    PROJECT COOPERATION AGREEMENTS


           29A--     Draft PCA
           29AI-      Real Estate Activities                                                        600              100            700
           29A9-      ALL Other                                                                     800              200            1000


           298--     Final PCA and Financial   Plan
           2981-      Real Estate Activities                                                        600              100            700
           29B9-      All Other                                                                     800              200          1,000

           29C--     PCA Negotiations

           29C1-      Real Estate Activities                                                        500              100            600
           29C9-      All Other                                                                     800              200          1,000

           29 ---    Subtotal: Project Cooperation Agreements                                                                     4,100
                     Contingecies                                                                                                   900
           29 ---    TOTAL: PROJECT COOPERATION AGREEMENTS                                                                        5,000


           30 ---    ENGINEERING AND DESIGN

           30c--     Design Memorandum                                                          571,000         114,000         685,000
           30CD-     HTRW Studies                                                               136,000          14,000         150,000
           30CF-     Cost Estimates                                                              18,000           4,000          22,000
           30GD-     VE Studies                                                                 --3a,000          6,000          36,000

           30DA-     P&S                                                                        174,000          35,000         209,000
           30DF-     Cost Estimates                                                              14,000           3,000          17,000
           30DN-     VE Studies                                                                    5,000          1,000           6,000

           30DA-     P&S - Mitigation                                                            29,000           6,000          35,000

           30DS-     Construction Contract Award Activities                                      10,000           2,000          12,000

           30DV-     Engineering During Construction                                             30,000           6,000          36,000

           30E--     Engineering And Design Phase Project Management                             87,000          17,000         104,000

           30z--     Misc. Activities
                      Monitoring
                       Install Gages                                                             15,000           3,000          18,000
                       Preconstruction O&M For Gages                                             63,000          13,000          76,000

















                              Account                                                            Unit
                              Code                  Item                Quantity       Unit      Price      Amount     Contingencies Project Cost

                                      PMO                                                                     58,000           12,000        70,000
                                      LMVD                                                                    10,000           2,000         12,060

                            30 ---   SUBTOTAL: Engineering And Design                                                                      1,250,000
                                     Contingencies                                                                                          238,000
                            30 ---   TOTAL: ENGINEERING AND DESIGN                                                                         1,488,000


                            31---    CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT

                            318--    Contract Administration
                            31B3-     Review And Approval of Contract Payments                                18,000           4,000         22,000
                            3184-     Contract Modifications                                                  62,000           12,000        74,000
                            31B5-     Progress Arid Completion Reports                                        27,000           5,000         32,000
                            31B9-     Att Other                                                               88,000           18,000       106,000
                            31D--    Review of Shop Drawings
                            31DO-     Review of Shop Drawings                                                 15,000           3,000         18,000
                            31E--    Inspection & Quat. Assur.
                            31E1-     Schedule Compliance                                                     14,000           3,000         17,000
                            31E2-     Compliance Sampting And Testing                                         12,000           2,000         14,000
                            31E3-     Quality Surveys                                                         36,000           7,000         43,000
                            31E4-     Title 11 Services                                                       38,000           8,000         46,000
                            31E9-     All Other                                                               219,000          44,000       263,000

                            31T--    Construction Phase  Project Management                                   54,000           11,000        65,000

                            31 ---   SUBTOTAL: Construction Management                                                                      583,000
                                     Contingencies                                                                                          117,000
                            31 ---   TOTAL: CONSTRUCTION 14ANAGEMENT                                                                        700,000


                                     TOTAL: BEAVER BAYOU                                                                                  20,590,000












        Risk and Uncertainty


             A modified risk and uncertainty analysis was performed on
        calculated benefits and costs of the Tentatively Selected Plan.
        In general, statistical ranges used in this analysis were broad
        and were established primarily for the purposes of identifying
        the direction of change that may be expected due to known
        uncertainties. The single value estimates calculated above
        were, therefore, used as the basis for determining the ultimate
        cost-effectiveness of the plan.

             Five items were identified as having potential major
        variance on the overall project's feasibility. These items and
        their estimated variance ranges are discussed below.
        Additional detail of the analysis can be found in the Economics
        Appendix H.


                   Stage Frequency Values.


                   Without project (existing) and with project
                   floodstage frequency values directly affect existing
                   and with project calculated damage dollar values.
                   Variances on both existing and with project stages
                   were determined to be practicably within plus or
                   minus 1.0 feet for all storm frequency events for
                   without project conditions, and, plus or minus
                   0.5 feet for with project conditions. See
                   Engineering Appendix C. Damage values were
                   recalculated incorporating this range. Applying the
                   results, it is estimated that without project flood
                   damages vary from minus $4,798,000 to plus $6,606,000
                   per year from the estimate. With project flood
                   damages are estimated to vary from-minus $535,000 to
                   plus $536,000 per year from the single value
                   estimate. Note that it was determined that there is
                   likely to be some correlation between existing and
                   with project stage frequency variance. A correlation
                   factor of 0.5 was applied to this item in the "risk
                   analysis" calculations described below.







                                       229












                            Structure Elevations.


                            Variances in structure elevations directly affect
                            both existing and with project calculated damage
                            dollar values. Within practical limits, structure
                            elevation variance was determined to be minus 0.5 to
                            plus 0.5 feet. The calculated dollar value variance
                            is minus $2,350,000 to plus $3,305,000 for existing
                            annual damages, and, minus $536,000 to plus $535,000
                            for with project annual damages. Note that there is
                            a direct correlation between existing and with
                            project variances. A correlation factor of 1.0 was,
                            therefore, applied to this item in the "risk
                            analysis" calculations described below.


                            Structure Valuations.


                            Variances in the estimate of structure values also
                            affect both existing and with project calculated
                            damage dollar value. Structure value variance range
                            is estimated at plus or minus 10 percent from the
                            single vaule estimate. Applying these results, it is
                            estimated that existing flood damages vary from minus
                            $881,000 to plus $876,000 per year. With project
                            flood damages range from minus $107,000 to plus
                                       A correlation factor of 1.0 is applicable
                            to this set of values.


                            Construction Costs.


                            Estimated variances in calculated quantities, unit
                            prices, constructability, and other factors were
                            considered in calculating the channel construction
                            cost estimate. The calculated cost range is from
                            minus $7,380,000 to plus $2,070,000 relative to the
                            single value estimate used for this item. Converting
                            this range to equivalent annual dollars yields minus
                            $738,000 to plus $207,000 per year.







                                                230













                     Erosion Control Measures.


                     As stated above, the extent that erosion control
                     measures (geosynthetic mat and rock) is needed
                     throughout the watershed is uncertain. For the
                     purposes of this study, a worst case condition, i.e.,
                     the need for erosion control for the entire channel,
                     was considered and used as the basis for the most
                     likely cost estimate for this item. Through field
                     investigation it has been determined, however, that
                     the need for erosion control may be significantly
                     less extensive. The total channel length that may
                     require erosion control measures could be less than
                     25 percent of the total. Since this item is
                     discounted to a degree in the variance estimate of
                     construction cost, it was determined that the
                     variance for this specific feature should be minus
                     50 percent to plus 5 percent from the single value
                     cost estimate. In first cost this range is from
                     minus $3,000,000 to plus $300,000. Conversion to
                     equivalent annual dollars yields a range of minus
                     $300,000 to plus $30,000 per year.


               The above uncertainty spreads were integrated with the
          single most likely value estimates for existing annual damagesf
          with project damages and project costs. with the aid of "At
          Risk" computer software, probability ranges were calculated.
          See Risk Analysis calculations in Economics Appendix H. The
          calculated probability distributions for project cost,
          benefits, net benefits, and benefit-to-cost ratio are
          illustrated in Figures 6 through 9.


               The calculated expected values generated-as compared to
          the single value estimates were determined as follows:


                                           SINGLE VALUE    CALCULATED
          (EQUIVALENT ANNUAL)              ESTIMATE        EXPECTED VALUE

          PROJECT BENEFITS                 $8,779,000      $9,719,000
          PROJECT COSTS                    $2,034,000      $1,767,000
          NET BENEFITS                     $6,745,000      $7,952,000
          BENEFIT/COST RATIO                      4.32            5.59
          PROBABILITY OF PROJECT                   N/A              99%
            NET POSITIVE BENEFITS



                                           231










                  These results show an expected increase in project net
                  benefits. This increase was due primarily to an expected
                  reduction in project costs, specifically, costs for erosion
                  control and private bridges.















































                                                232
















                                                              Figure 6
                                                            Beaver Bayou
                                                    Probability Distribution
                    11%          ------------   -------------------------------------------------------
                                                       Expected Res@ft          1767


                                                      ------------                     -----------------
                    8.8%-          ------------------



                    6.6%               ------------------                                  --------------



                    4.4%----*--*   -------------------                                        ...........



                    2.2%  ---------------------                                                  ........



                       07.1          1
                         1000 1162.5 1325 1487.5 1650 1812.5 1975 2137.5 2300
                                              Project Costs (Annual $1,000)

















                                                                             Figure 7
                                                                           Beaver Bayou
                                                                     Probability D.istribution
                                       16%    -------  ----------------------------  -------------------------------------
                                                                       @@pf@;@q@__@esult        9,719
                                       12.875  ----------------------                -------------------------------------   V



                                       9.6%  --------------------------------              --------------------------------



                                       6.4%  -----------  *-------------                        ----------------------------



                                       3.2%  ----------------------                                   --- -----------------



                                         0%
                                              0       2.5         5       7.5        10      12.5        15      17.5       20
                                                                Project    Benefits (Annual $1,000)















                                                          Figure 8
                                                         Beaver Bayou
                                                 Probability Distribution
                    15%           -------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                I
                                                   Expected Result = 7,952

                                         ---------------------- I
                    12%   -------------                         ---------------------------------------




                         CPX ------------ --------------
                    9.00/4                                            --------------- : ----------------




                                                                            ------------ I -------------
                    6%         ------ *-------



                    3%    --------------                                            --------------------



                      0%
                           0      2.125 4.25         6.375      8.5     10.625 12-75       14.875      17
                                                   Net Benefits ($1,000)
















                                                                         Figure 5*
                                                                       Beaver Bayou
                                                                Probability Distribution
                                      2
                                          07 -----------------------------------I --------------------------------------
                                         0"0
                                                                 Expected    Result = 5.6
                                      16%  ---------------------------------- 4----------------------------------------- 1@



                                      12%  --------------------------              ------------------- ---------------



                                           --------------*--------                     -------------------------------




                                      4%    -------------------                             ---- --------------------
                                        0%                                                  INN,
                                           0       1.5        3      .4.5       6        7.5       9     -10.5       12
                                                                  Benef it to  Cost Ratio














         JONES CREEK


         Description


              The tentatively selected plan for the Jones Creek
         watershed Consists of clearing,reshaping, and concrete lining
         approximately 19 miles of the main stem of Jones Creek and its
         main tributaries - Lively Bayou, Lively Bayou Tributary, and
         Weiner Creek. Clearing and snagging of lower Jones Creek,
         below Jones Creek Road to the channel's mouth is also included.
         Proposed modifications are designed to convey in excess of a
         50-year storm event within streambank and reduce out-of-bank
         stages of larger flood events.


              New channel slopes are designed 1V on 3.OH. Design
         channel bottom widths are 5 feet throughout the watershed above
         Jones Creek Road. No significant changes are proposed to
         ex,tsting channel bottom elevation or slope. The plan is
         summarized in Table 78 and illustrated on Plate 44.


         Plan Effectiveness


              The tentatively selected plan is designed to convey and
         contain a 25-year plus storm event within the streambank.
         Flood stages of greater storm events will also be reduced.
         Expected stage lowerings foi various storm events at selected
         locations in the watershed are shown in Table 79 and Plate 57.
         Overflow maps, illustrating existing and with project
         floodplains are shown in the Engineering Appendix C. The
         expected reduction in floodstages will result in a substantial
         lowering in the number of structures located in 0-100 year
         floodplains (see Table 80).


              By the year 2040, urbanization in the lower watershed is
         projected to increase from 77 to 97 percent. Estimates from
         hydrologic modelling indicate that both the 10-year and 100-'
         year with project average stage will be about 0.3 feet higher.

              Urbanization is projected to increase from 90 to
         99 percent at Weiner Creek. This is expected to produce a rise
         of 0.1 and 0.2 feet, respectively, in the with project 10-year
         and 100-year stages. Lively Bayou's urban development is
         projected to increase from 70 to 94 percent. This is expected


                                       233










                      to increase both the 10-year and 100-year with project stages
                      by 0.2 feet. The Lively Bayou Tributary area is virtually
                      completely urbanized and no difference in the future with
                      project stages is expected. Implementation of a floodplain
                      management program, that would not allow future development to
                      significantly increase flood stages, would likely reduce these
                      projected stage increases. The continued implementation and
                      enforcement of East Baton Rouge Parish's floodplain ordinance
                      (see Appendix K) will be satisfactory in this watershed.





                                                        TABLE 78


                                        JONES CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN




                                        PROPOSED
                      CZANNEL           BOTTOM WIDTH             LOCATION


                      Jones Creek       Clear   snag       Mouth to Jones Creek Road
                                        51BW               Jones Creek Road to Lobdell Blvd
                      Weiner Creek      51BW               Mouth to Cedar Crest Ave
                      Lively Bayou      51BW               mouth to Illinois Central RR
                      Lively Bayou
                         Tributary      51BW               Mouth to Tams Drive
                      Jones Creek
                         Tributary      51BW               Mouth to Darryl Drive


                      Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District























                                                           234












                                                  TAWS 7 9
                                 JONES CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                 EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE REDUCTIONS (FT)
                              (WITH COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PLA


            Jones Creek
                           Jones               S. Harrells                   Airway     Woodlake
            Event          Creak  Road         Ferry Road       us 190       Drive      Blvd.


              1-YR         4.0                 6.5              4.8          6.8        4.5
              2-YR         3.5                 6.7              5.0          6.9        4.0
              5-YR         2.9                 6.8              5.6          7.1        3.6
             10-YR         2.5                 6.6              5.8          7.2        2.7
             25-YR         2.2                 6.3              6.1          7.4        2.1
             50-YR         1.8                 6.0              6.0          6.9        1.6
            100-YR         1.9                 5.7              6.0          6.6        1.3
            200-YR         1.6                 4.9              5.7          6.1        1.1
            500-YR         1.6                 4.5              5.0          5.3        1.0


            Weiner  Creek  and Jones Creek Tributary


                                   Weiner Creek                              Jones Creek Trib


                           Stanley             Cedar                         W. Tams    Darryl
            Event          Aubin Ln            Crest  Ave                    Drive      Drive


              1-YR         3.9                 3.6                           5.5        3.5
              2-YR         4.1                 3.4                           5.8        4.3
              5-YR         4.2                 3.2                           6.2        5.2
             10-YR         4.2                 3.1                           6.8        5.9
             25-YR         4.2                 3.1                           6.9        6.2
             50-YR         4.3                 2.9                           6.9        6.4
            100-YR         4.3                 2.8                           6.7        6.1
            200-YR         4.4                 2.7                           6.4        5.8
            500-YR         4.5                 2.7                           5.7        4.9


            Lively  Bayou  and Tributary


                                   Lively Bayou                     Lively Bayou Tributary

                           Old Hammond      Plannery Road           Goodwcfod   Florida      Tams
            Event          Hicrhway         (near ILC RR)           Blvd        us 190       Dr


              I-YR         6.4              2.6                     4.0         4.3          3.1
              2-YR         6.8              3.0                     4.7         4.7          3.6
              5-YR         6.7              3.5                     5.2         5.2          4.5
             10-YR         6.4              3.8                     5.5         5.6          5.2
             25-YR         6.1              3.9                     5.4         5.9          5.3
             50-YR         5.4              3.8                     5.3         5.7          5.3
            100-YR         4.9              3.6                     5.0         5.3          5.3
            200-YR         4.2              3.3                     4.5         4.9          5.2
            500-YR         3.6              2.6                     3.8         3.9          5.0


            Source: U.S. Army Corps of      Engineers, New Orleans District


                                                     235
















                                                                                               TABLE 80


                                                                                               JONES CREEK
                                                            NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED IN THE VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS
                                                                     WITH AND WITHOUT THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                                       (WITH COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PLACE)





                                    BASIN        STRUCTURE           0-10        10-25         25-50       50-100    100-500    ABOVE 500         ALL FLOOD
                                    NO.          CATEGORY            YEAR        YEAR          YEAR        YEAR      YEAR       YEAR              ZONES


                                    JONES CREEK


                                                 WITHOUT PROJECT'


                                    22           1-STORY             57          28            91          113       148        1,066             1,503
                                                 2-STORY             7           6             19          is        38            216               301
                                                 MOBILE HOME         1           1             0           2         0             5                 9
                                                 CONDAERCLAL         50          29            51          28        36            186               380
                                                 TOTAL               115         64            161         158       222        1,473             2,193


                                                 WITH TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                                                 I-STORY,            1           1             1           1         21         1,478             1,5m
                                                 2-STORY             0           0             0           0         9             292               301
                                                 MOBILE HOME         0           0             0           1         1             7                 9
                                                 COMMERCIAL          5           0             2           0         22            351               380
                                                 TOTAL               6           1             3           2         53         Z128              2,193




                                    LWELY BAYOU TRIBUTARY


                                                 WMiOUT PROJECT'


                                    23           1-STORY             505         126           114         44        60            69                918
                                                 2-STIORY            20          10            4           3         5             13                55
                                                 MOBILE HOME         0           0             0           0         0             0                 0
                                                 CONBAERCLAL 2                   1             0           0         0             0                 3
                                                 TOTAL               527         137           118         47        65            82                976


                                                 WITH TENIATT)JELY SELECTED PLAN


                                                 1-STORY             0           0             0           7         172           739               918
                                                 2-STORY             0           0             0           1         16            38                55
                                                 MOBILE HOME         0           0             0           0         0             0                 0
                                                 CC*ANMCIAL          0           0             0           0         0             3                 3
                                                 TOTAL               0           0             0           8         188           780               976








                                                                                                   236














                                                                   TABLE 80 (CONTINUED)


                                                                          JONES CREEK
                                         NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED IN THE VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS
                                                 WITH AND WITHOUT THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                    (WITH COM[ITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PLACE)





                  BASIN       STRUCTURE          G-10        10-25     25-50         50-100      1M500     ABOVE 500         ALL FLOOD
                  NO.         CATEGORY           YEAR        YEAR      YEAR          YEAR        YEAR      YEAR              ZONES


                  LIVELY BAYOU


                              WITHOUT PROJECT


                  24          I-STORY            116         55           64         24          78             101               438
                              2-STORY            10          58           5          0           8              18                99
                              MOBILE HOME        0           0            1          0           11             25                37
                              CO&DAERCLkI,       31          10           19         2           9              3                 74
                              TOTAL              157         123          89         26          106            147               648


                              WITH TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                              I-STORY            0           0            17         2           102            317               438
                              2-STORY            0           0            0          0           11             88                99
                              MOBILE HOME        0           0            0          0           0              37                37
                              CCbgvMCIAL         0           0            0          0           38             36                74
                              TOTAL              0           0            17         2           151            478               648


                  VVEDiER CREEK


                              WnHOUT PROTECT


                  28          I-STORY            8           0            13         0           45             229               295
                              2-STORY            0           0            0          2           4              36                42
                              MOBILE HOME        0           0            0          0           0              1                 1
                              Col%@cLkl,         0           0            1          0           0              21                22
                              TOTAL              8           0            14         2           49             287               360


                              WITH TENTATIVELY SELECIED PLAN


                              1-STORY            0           0            0          0           0              295               295
                              2-STORY            0           0            0          0           0              42                42
                              MOBILE HOME        0           0            0          0           0              1                 1
                              CONMIERCIAL        0           0            0          0           0              22                22
                              TOTAL              8           0            0          0           0              360               360


                  SOURCE U.S ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT






                                                                               237












                 Design and Construction


                       Structural improvements to this watershed consist of
                 incorporating approximately 84,000 linear feet of reinforced
                 concrete-lined trapezoidal channel. An improved stable section
                 with a 5-foot bottom width and'lV on 3H side slopes will be
                 established through excavation and backfilling. Excavated
                 material will be disposed at the parish's Devil's Swamp
                 landfill located about 15 miles away. The channel bottom will
                 be paved with an 8-inch thick layer of reinforced concrete.
                 The channel side slope paving thickness will vary. Only 4
                 inches of reinforced concrete will be placed in the upper two-
                 thirds of the channel slope, with 6 inches placed in the lower
                 one-third. Reinforced concrete cutoff walls will be located at
                 the top-of-bank and at the bottom slope interface beneath the
                 paving to prevent undermining of the foundation materials. A
                 drainage system that would dissipate any excess hydrostatic
                 pressure will be required. The system will consist of weep
                 holes, filter fabric, and filter sand placed beneath both the
                 6-inch side slope and 8-inch bottom paving. A reinforced
                 concrete-lined drainage ditch will be constructed on each side
                 of the finished top of bank to intercept excess runoff. Also
                 included, as required by local ordinance, is a chain link fence
                 along both sides of the paved reaches. This fence will likely
                 be placed at the public right-of-way line. See Plate 48.
                 Additionally, 3 miles of channel clearing and snagging is
                 proposed from Jones Creek Road to the Amite River. Further
                 details can be found in the Engineering Appendix C.

                      The proposed work will be performed immediately adjacent
                 to developed residential properties. Narrow rights-of-way and
                 limited access points will affect construction. Much of the
                 work access will be from inside the channel itself. Temporary
                 fuseplug dams will also be required to dewater sections to
                 facilitate the placement of concrete. Overall, project
                 constructability appears to be fairly difficult.


                       It was determined that it would be practical to separate
                 construction of this watershed's project into four segments:
                 Lower Jones Creek, Upper Jones Creek and Tributary, Lively
                 Bayou and Tributary, and Weiner Creek. Construction would be
                 phased, first with Lower Jones Creek followed by the remaining



                                                238












         three sections. The total construction duration for the entire
         Jones Creek watershed project is estimated at six years.


         Relocations and Removals


              There are no roadway or utility relocations proposed for
         the Jones Creek project. The channel paving final design will
         accommodate existing facilities.


         Real Estate


              The tentatively selected plan will require the purchase of
         less than one acre for channel construction. No structures or
         improvements will be taken for this portion of the project. No
         land purchase is required for disposal since the parish
         landfill will be used. Construction access will be obtained
         from publicly-owned bridge crossing rights-of-way. Some
         additional access may be required in some locations and
         additional construction easements may be required. Mitigation
         needs will require the purchase of 99 acres of cleared land for
         reforestation. Land purchase for channel modifications and the
         proposed bike path (see below) will be fee title, excluding
         mineral rights. Mitigation purchases will be the same. To
         facilitate the proposed bike path (see below), 13 acres of
         existing perpetual servitude must be converted to fee title.


         Mitigation


              The mitigation feature of the tentatively selected plan
         consists of reforestation of 99 acres of existing cleared land.
         It was determined to be practicable to combine mitigation sites
         for the tentatively selected plan for all watersheds. Two
         sites will be utilized for mitigation. See Plates 52 and 53.
         The required 99 acres for this watershed's tentatively selected
         plan will be included as a portion of the entire habitat
         mitigation package for all five watersheds.


         Recreation


              A bike path is proposed as part of the pro-ject in this
         watershed. See Environmental Appendix E. The total length of
         the proposed bike path is about 11 miles alongside the
         channels, plus, 3 miles of connecting streets. The proposed


                                       239










                  path will utilize the top of bank drainage structure on one
                  side of the channel. See Plate 48. Where the path is located,
                  the proposed chain link fence is required as part of the
                  channel design, will be placed between the bike path and the
                  channel slope for safety. A wooden fence will be installed
                  outside the bike path, along the right-of-way line. This fence
                  is necessary to provide security and privacy to residents
                  living along the proposed bike path which will be open to
                  public access. Additionally, some aesthetic tree and shrub
                  plantings are proposed along the path. Two bridge structures
                  are also proposed in order to connect the path across the
                  stream. All bike path items necessary for the connecting
                  streets (signage and street marking) will be provided solely by
                  the parish and are not included in the Federal cost sharing of
                  this project.


                  Aesthetics


                      For aesthetic purposes, a top-of-bank tree replanting plan
                  is proposed and consists of 4.25 miles of tree and shrub line
                  planting along both sides of Jones Creek for a total of
                  8.5 miles. These plantings occur in areas of impact relative
                  to channel improvement involving clearing of top-of-bank
                  vegetation. Replacing trees and shrubs lost during
                  construction will return aesthetic conditions to the pre-
                  project condition. See Table 3 of the Environmental Appendix
                  which identifies tree and shrub requirements and cost per
                  watershed.


                  Cultural Resources


                      Three recorded sites have received previous impacts. one
                  of which has been evaluated as part of this project.
                  Preliminary investigations, which have been coordinated with
                  the State Historic Preservation Officer, indicate that no
                .significant cultural resources will likely be impacted by the
                  tentatively selected plan. The project area is considered to
                  have a very low probability for containing any sites. Final
                  preconstruction surveys may, however, be conducted. Such
                  efforts will be coordinated with the State Historic
                  Preservation Officer.





                                                240












         Stream Gaging


              The U.S.  Geological Survey has an existing parish-wide
         stream gaging  program that includes installations in this
         watershed. Improvements are proposed for five gages at the
         following locations: Jones Creek at Woodland Ridge Drive,
         Woodlake Drive and Goodwood Boulevard, Weiner Creek at Sherwood
         Forest Boulevard, and Lively Bayou at Old Hammond Highway.
         Data from these gages will be used in both the final project
         design and in monitoring the effectiveness of the project.
         Gages will be  upgraded as part of thisproject's construction
         and then will  be maintained by the U.S. Geological Survey as
         part of their  existing parish program.


         operation and  Maintenance, Repair, Replacement, and Rehab (O&M)


              Required  O&M for the channels consist of continuous
         inspection and debris removal, annual herbicide application,
         and pavement repair when necessary. Maintenance of combined
         project mitigation areas is also necessary and such costs have
         been prorated to the overall O&M of this watershed's
         tentatively selected plan.

              Herbicide spraying would be conducted in accordance with
         the Environmental Protection Agency's guidelines.


         Environmental and Social Effects


              The only significant long term environmental impact of the
         tentatively selected plan is the destruction of 78 acres of
         bottomland hardwood forestation. This loss will be mitigated
         with the planting and maintenance of 99 acres of existing
         cleared land. There will be short term turbid-ity effects on
         stream water quality during construction. Aquatic habitat will
         receive adverse impacts from reduced divesity and increased in-
         stream temperatures. The loss of screening vegetation along
         the channel banks would result in a significant aesthetic loss.
         However, this loss would be mitigated by the planting with both
         trees and shrubs on both sides of 4.25 miles of channel.


              The most significant beneficial social impact of this plan
         would be the relief from flooding to those affected. Also,



                                        241










                  major property erosion problems would be mitigated by this plan
                  (see discussion below).


                  Economic Benefits


                       The tentatively selected plan would generate significant
                  economic benefits from flood damage reduction to existing, and,
                  to some extent, projected future development. Benefits were
                  only quantified, however, for existing development. It is
                  estimated that -annual average damages in this watershed would
                  be reduced by about 95 percent. A breakdown of these
                  anticipated benefits are shown in Table 75.


                       In addition to the above direct and indirect flood damage
                  reduction benefits, the proposed paving of channels in this
                  watershed will have a significant beneficial impact on existing
                  property erosion problems. As stated above, streambank erosion
                  is widespread in this watershed. In some reaches, the problem
                  is severe where large sections of private property are .
                  sloughing down into the channel banks. There are several
                  instances where private structures, such as garages, patios,
                  and driveways, have been damaged. See photos, Figure 1. There
                  are numerous areas where the continuation of this process will
                  certainly damage private structures and severely devalue these
                  properties. There are several major litigations filed by
                  private owners against East Baton Rouge Parish claiming damage
                  relief.from this problem. Short-term efforts to mitigate the
                  erosion problem have been ineffective (see photos).


                       Several factors were considered in developing a
                  methodology to quantify the benefits associated with abating
                  the erosion problem. A conservative approach was developed
                  that consisted of estimating the erosion rate of.-each stream
                  reach and combining it with the average land square foot real
                  estate value of the area. See Engineering and Economic
                  Appendix. While the actual soils directly eroded are within
                  the existing channel right-of-way and have little value, there
                  is almost an immediate "translation" of the soils loss as the
                  top of bank section, well beyond the public right-of-way,
                  creeps and/or sloughs down the stream embankment.-

                       Applying estimated erosion rates in conjunction with
                  estimated property land values, equivalent annual damages were


                                                242










         calculated. The proposed paving of the channels will abate
         these damages and this value was therefore included as an
         economic benefit produced by this project.


         Final Costs, Net Benefits


              Final costs and benefits for the tentatively selected plan
         by feature are shown in Table 81. Complete itemized costs by
         account code feature breakdown are shown in Table 82. The
         total first cost of the tentatively selected plan, including
         all items, is estimated to be $52,590,000. Total tentatively
         selected plan annual operation and maintenance costs, including
         all features, is estimated at $67,000 per year. Project first
         costs were converted to equivalent annual dollars using an
         interest rate of 8.00 percent over a 50-year project life. It
         has been determined that the estimated equivalent annual costs
         and benefits will generate $4,565,000 per year net benefits.
         The benefit-cost ratio is 1.86 to 1. Removing the recreation
         feature from the plan results in the following adjustments:
         first cost $51,275,000, annual O&M $33,000, net annual benefits
         $3,988,000, and B/C ratio of 1.75 to 1.


              Construction of each watershed's tentatively selected plan
         will be phased. Construction of the tentatively selected plan
         for Jones Creek is scheduled to start in 1999. Fully-funded
         cost estimates in accordance with this construction schedule
         are shown in Plan Implementation.


         Cost-Sharing


              A breakdown of incremental and fully-funded cost-sharing
         requirements for the tentatively selected plan is shown in Plan
         Implementation. The local sponsor will be nesponsible in
         providing and/or bearing the full costs of all required lands,
         easements, rights-of-way, relocations, and disposal areas for
         this project. The local sponsor will also bear 100 percent of
         annual operation.and maintenance, and, all replacement costs.









                                       243












                                                TABLE 81
                                              JONES CREEK
                    PROJECT COSTS AND BENEFITS FOR THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                            (1994 DOLLARS, 8.00% INTEREST, 50-YEAR PERIOD)





                   FIRST COSTS
                        CONSTRUCTION FEATURE                 $52,590,000
                        GROSS INVESTMENT                     $64,433,880
                        (includes interest lost
                         during construction)


                   AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS
                        INTEREST/AMORTIZATION                $ 5,267,000
                        OPERATION/MAINTENANCE                $     67,000


                        TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS           $  5,334,000


                   AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS*
                        INUNDATION REDUCTION                 $  71931,400
                        FIA COSTS SAVED                      $   102,140
                        REDUCED EMERGENCY COSTS              $   140,600
                        FILL REDUCTION                       $     96,050
                        RECREATION                           $   577,000
                        EROSION CONTROL                      $   362,700
                        BENEFITS DURING  CONSTRUCTION        $   689,000


                        TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS        $  91898,890


                   BENEFIT/COST RATIO                              1.86


                     CALCULATED WITH  PROPOSED COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN
                      PLACE


                   SOURCE: U.S. ARMY   CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT











                                                  244
















                                                                TABLE 82
                                              JONES CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                            CHART OF ACCOUNTS



           Account                                                              Unit
             Code                  item                Quantity       Unit      Price       Amount     Contingencies Project Cost


          01---     LANDS AND DAMAGES


                    Construction
          OIB--     Acquisitions
          0181-      By Government                                                            18,460           4,710         23,170
          0182-      By Local Sponsor(LS)                                                     19,800           5,050         24,850
          O1B4-      Review Of LS                                                              5,270           1,340          6,610
                                                                                                                    0
          DIE--     Appraisals                                                                                      0
          OIE3-      By LS                                                                     1,000             250          1,250
          DIES-      Review of   LS                                                              800             200          1,000
                                                                                                                    0
          01G--     Temporary Permits                                                                               0
          OIG1-      By Government                                                             9,230           2,340         11,570
          O1G2-      By LS                                                                    13,840           3,530         17,370
          O1G5-      Other                                                                     2,640             670          3,310
                                                                                                                    0
          O1R--     Reat Estate Payments                                                                            0
          O1R1-      Land Payments                                                                                  0
          O1R1B       By LS                                                                    1,000           1,000          2,000
                                                                                                                    0
          OIT--     LERRD Credits                                                                                   0
          O1T1-      Land Payments                                                            11,120           2,820         13,940
          OlT2-      Administrative Costs                                                     13,290           3,380         16,670
          O1T4-      Other                                                                     3,400             860          4,260

          01  ---   Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Construction)                                                               99,850
                    Contingencies                                                                                            26,150
          01  ---   Subtotal: Lands Arid Damages (Construction)                                                              126,000

                    Mitioation
          01111-     By Government                                                             1,090             270          1,360
          01112-     By Local Sponsor(LS)                                                      1,710             440          2,150
          O1B4-      Review Of LS                                                                320              80            400

          OIC---    Condemnations
          OIC2       By LS                                                                       340              90            430
          O1C4-      Review of LS                                                                150              40            190

          DIE--     Appraisals
          O1E3-      By LS                                                                     1,700             430          2,130
          OIE5-      Review of LS                                                                430             110            540

          01F--     Pl. 91-646 Assistance
          OIFI-      By Government                                                               ISO              40            190
          0IF4-      Review of LS                                                                  50             10              60

          OIG--     Temporary Permits
          O1G1-      By Government                                                               480             120            600
          O1G2-      By LS                                                                       680             170            850
          OIG4-      Review of LS                                                                140              40            180

          OIR--     Real Estate Payments
          OIRI-      Land Payments
          01RIB       By LS                                                                   283,250          71,320        354,570
          01T--     LERRD Credits
          OIT1-      Land Payments                                                               T70             190            960
          OIT3-      PL 91-646 Assistance                                                        7150            190            950
          OIT2-      Administrative Costs                                                        960             240          1,200
          OIT4-      Other                                                                       190              50            240


















                              Account                                                              Unit
                              Code                   Item                 Quantity        Unit     Price       Amount     Contingencies Project Cost


                            01 ---     Subtotal: Lands Arid Damages (Mitigation)                                                                  293,170
                                       Contingencies                                                                                              73,830
                            01 ---     Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Mitigation)                                                                   367,000

                            01 ---     TOTAL: LANDS AND DAMAGES                                                                                   493,000


                            06 ------  FISH AND WILDLIFE FACILITIES

                            0603 ----  Wildlife Facilities And Sanctuaries

                            060301--   Mob And Demob

                            060371--   Fences
                            06037102 Fencing                                    6,432     LF           5.45      35,054            9,016          "'070

                            060373--   Habitat And Feeding Facitities
                            06037302 Planting                                      ill    AC        150.00       16,650            4,280          20,930

                            06 ------  Subtotal: Fish Arid Wildlife Facilities                                                                    51,704
                                       Contingencies                                                                                              13,296
                            06 ------  TOTAL: FISH AND WILDLIFE FACILITIES                                                                        65,000


                            09 ------  CHANNELS AND CANALS

                            0901 ----  Channels
                            090101--   Mob & Demob                        Lump Sum        LS     470,000.00     470,000          117,500          587,500
                            09011502   Clearing For Channel Dredging               272    AC       3,100.00     843,200          210,800      1,054,000
                            09011502   Degrading, Hauting, Shaping             162,000    CY         10.00    1,620,000          810,000      2,430,000
                                        (16 Mites)
                            09011502   Clearing and Snagging                          3   MI      19,000.00      57,000           14,250          71,250
                            09013002   Sand (811 Thick)                        84,000     CY         11.60      974,400          243,600      1,218,000
                            09013002   Filter Drain Fabric                     418,700    SY           7.50   3,140,250          785,062      3,925,312
                            09013002   FusepLug Dam                       Lump Sum        LS     108,000.00     108,000           27,000          135,000
                            09013003   Concrete Lining
                                        Cutoff Walt                             6,150     CY        150.00      922,500          230,625      1,153,125
                                        Channel Slope Pavement (411)           82,300     CY        130.00    10,699,000       2,670,000     13,369,000
                                        Channel Slope Pavement (611)           61,300     CY        150.00    9,195,000        2,300,000     11,495,000
                                        Channel Stab Pavement (811)            11,000     CY        150.00    1,650,000          412,500      2,062,500
                                        Drain Ditch                            33,100     CY        130.00    4,303,000        1,080,000      5,383,000
                            09019905   Fencing (chain Link)                    171,000    LF           8.25   1,410,750          352,563      1,763,313
                            09019906   Aesthetic Planting
                                        Aesthetic Tree Planting                 1,800     EA         15.00       27,000            6,500          33,500
                                        Aesthetic Shrub Planting                3,000     EA         11.00       33,000            8,500          41,500


                            09 ------  SUBTOTAL: Channels And Canals                                                                         35,453,100
                                       Contingencies                                                                                          9,268,900
                            09 ------  TOTAL: CHANNELS AND CANALS                                -                                           44,722,DOO


                            14 ------  RECREATION FACILITIES

                            14002202   Bridge - 101 X 501                 Lump Sum        LS      23,500.00      23,500            5,500          29,000
                            14002202   Bridge - 10, X 1501                Lump Sum        LS     106,000.00     106,000           26,500          132,500
                            14002202   Signs & Markers                              20    EA        160.00         3,200              800         4,000
                            14002202   Trees                                    4,431     EA         15.00       66,465           16,600          83,065
                            14002202   Fence (61 Wooden)                      55,"0.0     LF         12.8b      709,632          177,803          887,435
                            14 ------  SUBTOTAL: Recreation Facilities                                                                            908,797
                                       Contingencies                                                                                              227,203
                            14 ------  TOTAL: RECREATION FACILITIES                                                                           1,136,000


















             Account                                                            Unit
             Code                   Item                Quantity       Unit     Price       Amount     Contingencies Project Cost


           29---     PROJECT COOPERATION AGREEMENTS

           29A--     Draft PCA
           29A9-      At( Other                                                                  600              100           700

           298--     Finat PCA and Financiat PLan
           2989-      ALL Other                                                                  600              100           700

           29C--     PCA Negotiations
           29C9-      ALL Other                                                                  500              100           600

           29 ---    Subtotat: Project Cooperation Agreements                                                                 1,700
                     Contingecies                                                                                               300
           29 ---    TOTAL: PROJECT COOPERATION AGREEMENTS                                                                    2,000


           30 ---    ENGINEERING AND DESIGN

           30C--     Design Memorandum                                                        878,000         176,000      1,054,000
           30CD-     HTRW Studies                                                             125,000         12,000        137,000
           30CF-     Cost Estimates                                                           21,000           4,000         25,000
           30CN-     VE Studies                                                               30,000           6,000         36,000
           30DA-     P&S #1 -                                                                 200,000         40,000        240,000
           30DF-     Cost Estimates                                                           14,000           3,000         17,000
           30DN-     VE Studies                                                                5,000           1,000          6,000

           30DA-     P&S #2 -                                                                 205,000         41,000        246,000
           30DF-     Cost Estimates                                                           14,000           3,000         17,000
           30DN-     VE Studies                                                                5,000           1,000          6,000
           30DA-     P&S #3 -                                                                 162,000         32,000        194,000
           30DF-     Cost Estimates                                                           12,000           2,000         14,000
           30DN-     VE Studies                                                                5,000           1,000          6,000
           30DA-     P&S #4 -                                                                 110,000         22,000        132,000
           30DF-     Cost Estimates                                                           10,000           2,000         12,000
           30DN-     VE Studies                                                                5,000           1,000          6,000
           30DA-     P&S - Mitigation                                                         20,000           4,000         24,000
           30DS-     Construction Contract Award Activities                                   40,000           8,000         48,000

           30DV-     Engineering During Construction                                          115,000         23,000        138,000
           30E--     Engineering And Design Phase Project Management                          144,000         29,000        173,000

           30Z--     Misc. Activities
                      Monitoring                                                              -- -
                       InstaLl Gages                                                          35,000           7,000         42,000
                       Preconstruction O&M For Gages                                          158,000         32,000        190,000
                      PHO                                                                     179,000         36,000        215,000
                      LM)VD                                                                   12,000           2,000         14,000
           30---     SUBTOTAL: Engineering And Design                                                                      2,504,000
                     Contingencies                                                                                          488,000
           30 ---    TOTAL: ENGINEERING AND DESIGN                                                                         2,992,000


           31 ---    CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT

           31B--     Contract Administration
           31B3-      Review And ApprovaL of Contract Payments                                94,000          19,000        113,000
           3184-      Contract Modifications                                                  279,000         56,000        335,000
           3185-      Progress And CompLetion Reports                                         115,000         23,000        138,000
           3189-      ALL Other                                                               398,000         80,000        478,000


















                           Account                                                           unit
                            Code                 I tem                Quantity      Unit     Price       Amount     Contingencies  Project Cost


                          31D--     Review of Shop Drawings
                          31DO-      Review of Shop Drawings                                                75,000         15,000         90,000
                          31E--     Inspection & Quat. Assur.
                          3lEl-      ScheduLe Comptiance                                                    73,000         15,000         88,000
                          3IE2-      Compliance Sampling And Testing                                        79,000         16,000         95,000
                          3lE3-      Quatity Surveys                                                       180,000         36,000       216,000
                          31E4-      TitLe 11 Services                                                     151,000         30,000       181,000
                          31E9-      ALL Other                                                           1,063,000         213,000     1,276,000

                          31T--     Construction Phase Project Management                                  142,000         28,000       170,000

                          31 ---    SUBTOTAL: Construction Management                                                                  2,649,000
                                    Contingencies                                                                                       531,000
                          31 ---    TOTAL: CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT                                                                     3,180,000

                                    TOTAL: JONES CREEK                                                                                52,590,000











       Risk and Uncertainty


            A modified risk and uncertainty analysis was performed on
       calculated benefits and costs of the tentatively selected plan.
       In general, statistical ranges used in this analysis were broad
       and were established primarily for the purposes of identifying
       the direction of change that may be expected due to known
       uncertainties. The single value estimates calculated above
       were, therefore, used as the basis for determining the ultimate
       cost-effectiveness of the plan.

           . Six items were identified as having potential major
       variance on the overall project's feasibility. These items and
       their estimated variance ranges are discussed below.
       Additional detail of the analysis can be found in the Economics
       Appendix H.


            -    Stage Frequency Values.


                 Without project (existing) and with project
                 floodstage frequency values directly affect existing
                 and with project calculated damage dollar values.
                 Variances on stages were determined to be practicably
                 within plus or minus 1.0 feet for all storm frequency
                 events for without project conditions, and, plus or
                 minus 0.5 feet for with project conditions. See
                 EngineeringAppendix C. Damage values were
                 recalculated incorporating this range. Applying the
                 results, it is estimated that without project flood
                 damages vary from minus $4,721,000 to plus
                 $10,231,000 per year from the single value estimate.
                 With project flood damages are estimated to vary from
                 minus $42,000 to plus $45,000 peryear from the
                 single value estimate. Note that it was determined
                 that there is likely to be some correlation between
                 existing and with project stage frequency variance.
                 A correlation factor of 0.5 was applied to this item
                 in the "risk analysis" calculations described below.


            -    Structure Elevations.


                 Variances in structure elevations directly affect
                 both existing and with project calculated damage


                                      249










                            dollar values. Within practical limits, structure
                            elevation variance was determined to be minus 0.5 to
                            plus 0.5 feet. The calculated dollar value variance
                            is minus $3,772,000 to plus $1,901,000 for existing
                            annual damages, and, minus $42,000 to plus $45,000
                            for with project annual damages. Note that there is
                            a direct correlation between existing and with
                            project variances. A correlation factor of 1.0 was
                            therefore applied to this item in the "risk analysis"
                            calculations described below.


                            Structure Valuations.


                            Variances in the estimate of structure values also
                            affect both existing and with project calculated
                            damage dollar value. Structure value variance range
                            is estimated at plus or minus 10 percent from the
                            single vaule estimate. Damage values were
                            recalculated incorporating this range. Applying
                            these results, it is estimated that existing flood
                            damages vary from minus $758,000 to plus $784,000 per
                            year. With project flood damages range from minus
                            $9,000 to plus $9,000. A correlation factor of 1.0
                            is applicable to this set of values.


                            Construction Costs.


                            Estimated variances in calculated quantities, unit
                            prices, constructability, and other factors were
                            considered in calculating the channel construction
                            cost estimate. The calculated cost range is from
                            minus $20,805,000 to plus $2,660,000 relative to the
                            single value estimate used for this item. Converting
                            this range to equivalent annual dollars yields minus
                            $2,080,000 to plus $266,000 per year.


                            Erosion Abatement Benefits.


                            The estimated annual benefits calculated for erosion
                            abatement are quite speculative. A plus or minus
                            range of 50 percent should be considered for this
                            item. This adjustment range is minus $196,000 to
                            plus $196,000 per year.


                                                250











                   Property Utility Values


                   In addition to the loss of 111and" property, the
                   strong probability exists that significant or entire
                   property utility values will be lost over time if the
                   channels in this watershed are not paved. That is to
                   say, for example, that an existing home purchased at
                   $85,000 may not be able to be sold at any price if
                   the backyard has sloughed into the channel.
                   Furthermore, it is quite likely that unabated erosion
                   will result in direct damage to structures, given
                   time. Through field investigation, it is estimated
                   that up to 50 properties could lose their utility
                   values within five years given present conditions.
                   These properties consist of residential and a small
                   number of small commercial sites. It is therefore
                   estimated that a potential loss of $33,000 per each
                   property ($3.25 million) could possibly occur in five
                   years. Discounting over the five year period and
                   conversion to annual dollars yields $111,000 per
                   year. Since this item was not considered in the most
                   likely estimate of benefits for this plan, a range of
                   minus $0 to plus $111,000 per year was considered for
                   this additional item.


              The above uncertainty spreads were integrated with the
         single most likely value estimates for existing annual damages,
         with project damages and project costs. With the aid of "At
         Risk" computer software, probability ranges were calculated.
         See Risk Analysis calculations in Economic Appendix H. The
         calculated probability distributions for project cost,
         benefits, net benefits, and benefit-to-cost ratio are
         illustrated in Figures 10 through 13.













                                       251










                          The calculated expected values generated as compared to
                    the single value estimates were determined as follows:


                                                      SINGLE VALUE     CALCULATED
                     (EQUIVALENT ANNUAL)              ESTIMATE         EXPECTED VALUE

                    PROJECT BENEFITS                  $9,899,000       $11,160"000
                    PROJECT COSTS                     $5,334,000       $ 4,729,000
                    NET BENEFITS                      $4,565j,000      $ 61431,000
                    BENEFIT/COST RATIO                        1.86            2.39

                    PROBABILITY OF PROJECT                     N/A           99%
                      NET POSITIVE BENEFITS

                    These results show an expected increase in project net
                    benefits. This increase was due primarily to the sensitivity
                    of calculated existing damages given a flood stage frequency
                    variance of plus or minus 1.0 feet.



































                                                      252

















                                                         Figure 10
                                                       Jones Creek
                                                Probability Distribution
                                                                    A
                    11%  ------------------------------------------   ------------------------------

                                              Expected Result         4,729

                         ------------------------------------------  ---------       ---------------
                    3.8%



                    6.6%  -----------------------------------------                    -------------



                    4.4% ------------------------------                                 ------------



                    2.2% -------------------                                              ----------



                       0%          1
                         3000 3375        3750 4125 4500 4875 5250 5625 6000
                                                 Project Costs ($1,000)























                                                     Figure
                                                    Jones Creek.
                                               Probability Distribution
                           14%     --------------- ---------------------------------------------------
                                              Expected R6ult    11, 160

                                                         ---------------------------------------
                           11.2% -------------------------



                           8.4% ----------- -------          ----------------------------------




                                                                   --------------------------
                           5.6% ----------------



                           2.8% ------------                               ----------------
                             0%.Ep                 - I
                               2.7   5.113 7.525   9.938 12.35 14.763 17.175 19.588 22
                                             Project Benefits (Annual $1,000)


















                                                           Fig um 12
                                                          Jones Creek
                                                 Probability Distribution
                     14%    -------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                                 Expected Res@lt = $6,431
                                                                              ------------------------
                     11.2%  ------------------------------         ----------



                     8.4%  - --------------------------                 ------------------------------



                     5.6%  -------------------------                           -----------------------



                     2.8% -------------------                                       - --------------
                        0%          fm  .1                                             11 ILMML-
                          -5        2.25     .5      3.25       6       B.75     11.5 14.25          17
                                                  Net Genefits,($1,000)


















                                                                             Figure 13
                                                                            Jones Creek
                                                                    Probability Distribution
                                        14%          ----------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                      E;     tbd Result'= 2.39



                                                                                 ------------------------------------------
                                        11. 2   -------------------


                                        8.4%  ----------- I-------                      --------------  I--------------------



                                        5.6%   --------------                            -------------  ------  -------------



                                        2.8% -      --------                                       -------------------------
                                           0%          MMIN       I         it                                     i
                                               0       .75       1.5      2.25       3        3.75      4.5      5.25        6
                                                                       Benefit   to  Cost Ratio
                                                                         pec













         WARD CREEK


         Description


              The proposed plan for Ward Creek consists of clearing
         and/or concrete lining approximately 14 miles of channel.
         Minimal clearing and snagging of the main stem of Ward Creek is
         proposed from its mouth upstream to Corporate Boulevard, not
         including the newly enlarged and relocated section between
         Pecue and Siegen Lanes. Also included are proposed
         improvements to the bayou's two main tributaries. Proposed
         minimal clearing and snagging of Dawson Creek begins from its
         mouth upstream to its confluence with Bayou Duplantier just
         above Kenilworth Boulevard. Concrete lining of North Branch of
         Ward Creek is proposed from immediately downstream of I-10 to
         immediately downstream of 1-12 with a design channel section
         consisting of a 32-foot bottom and 3:1 side slopes. An
         existing paved section in this reach of approximately
         11250 feet with an established side slope of 2:1 shall remain
         which the proposed concrete section will be tied into with the
         3:1 side slope. Plan details are listed in Table 83. This
         plan is shown on Plate 45.




























                                       253













                                                          TABLE 83



                                            NAM CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                        Stream             Reach                               TVpe of Improvement


                                           .Earthen and Concrete Improvements


                        Ward Creek         Mouth to 4000 ft upstream           No Work
                                           4000 ft upstream to                 Minimal Clearing and
                                             1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane              Snagging
                                           1200 ft u/s Pecue Lane to           No Work: 1501 BW
                                             Seigen Lane                         by Developer made,
                                           Siegen Ln to Corporate Blvd         Minimal Clearing and
                                                                                 Snagging


                        North Branch       Mouth to 1-12                       Concrete-Line:
                        Ward Creek                                               321 BW, 1V on 3H SS
                                           1-12 to Florida Blvd                No Work


                        Dawson Creek       Mouth to Bayou Duplantier           Minimal Clearing and
                                                                                 Snagging
                                           Bayou Duplantier to                 No Work
                                            Hundred Oaks Dr


                        Bayou Duplantier Mouth to Darymple Dr                  No Work


                        Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,  New Orleans District



                        Plan Effectiveness


                             Expected stage lowering for various Storm events at
                        selected locations in the watershed are shown in Table 84 and
                        Plate 57. Overflow maps, illustrating existing and with
                        project f-loodplains are shown in the Engineering Appendix C.
                        The expected reduction in floodstages will result in a
                        substantial lowering in the number of structures located in the
                        0-10 year floodplain basinwide. In the North Branch Tributary
                        area, it is expected that the project will substantially reduce
                        the number of structures in the 0-50 year floodplain. See
                        Table 85.


                             Table 86 illustrates the effects of projected urbanization
                        on the Ward Creek watershed with the Tentatively Selected Plan
                        in place. Moderate stage increases are expected on the main

                                                            254











         stem of Ward Creek. Implementation of a floodplain management
         program, that would not allow future development to
         significantly increase flood stages, would likely reduce these
         projected stage increases. The continued implementation and
         enforcement of East Baton Rouge Parish's current floodplain
         ordinance (see Appendix K) will be satisfactory in this
         watershed.

























































                                       255














                                                              TABLE 84
                                             WARD CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                             EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE REDUCTIONS (FT)
                                          (WITH C014ITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PLh



                        Ward Creek


                                       Barringer       Siegen      N. Branch       Corporate   Government
                        Event          Foreman Rd      Lane        Ward Creek      Blvd.       Street


                          I-YR         0.0             040         0.6             0.9         0.0
                          2-YR         0.0             0.0         0.6             0.8         0.0
                          5-YR         0.0             0.0         0.6             0.7         0.0
                                       0.0             0.0         0.6             0.6         0.0
                         25-YR         0.0             0.0         0.4             0.5         0.0
                         50-YR         0.0             0.0         0.4             0.5         0.0
                        100-YR         0.0             0.0         0.3             0.4         0.0
                        200-YR         0.0             0.0         0.2             0.4         0.0
                        500-YR         0.0             0.0         0.2             0.3         0.0



                        North Branch   Ward Creek


                                                                       Old Hammond         Florida
                        Event          Mouth           1-12            Highway             Blvd


                          1-YR         0.6             5.8             5.6                 0.0
                          2-YR         0.6             5.4             6.0                 0.0
                          5-YR         0.6             4.9             6.5                 0.0
                         10-YR         0.6             4.7             6.9                 0.0
                         25-YR         0.4             4.6             7.3                 0.0
                         50-YR         0.4             4.5             7.5                 0.0
                        100-YR         0.3             4.5             7.3                 0.0
                        200-YR         0.2             4.4             7.1                 0.0
                        500-YR         0.2             4.2             6.6                 0.0


                        Dawson Creek


                                                           Bluebonnet      Moss Side
                        Event              Mouth           Street          Lane


                          I-YR             0.5             0.2             0.2
                          2-YR             0.5             0.2             0.2
                          5-YR             0.4             0.2             0.1
                         10-YR             0.3             0.2             0.1
                         25-YR             0.3             0.2             0.0
                         50-YR             0.3             0.2             0.0
                        100-YR             0.2             0.2             0.0
                        200-YR             0.2             0.2             0.0
                        500-YR             0.2             0.2             0.0








                                                                256












                                        TABLE 84 (CONTINUED)
                               NAM CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAY
                               EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE REDUCTIONS (FT)
                            (WITH COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PLI



           Bayou Duplantier


                                            College            Stanford
           Event             Mouth          (Lee) Drive        Avenue


              1-YR           0.4            0.4                0.4
              2-YR           0.4            0.4                0.4
              5-YR           0.4            0.4                0.4
             10-YR           0.3            0.3                0.3
             25-YR           0.3            0.3                0.3
             50-YR           0.3            0.3                0.3
           100-YR            0.2            0.2                0.2
           200-YR            0.2            0.2                0.2
           500-YR            0.2            0.2                0.2


           Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District


           Desicrn and Construction


                 Minimal clearing and snagging work will be performed
           within the low top of bank contour. It is anticipated that the
           work will be accomplished using chain saws and transloaders.
           Approximately 300,000 cubic yards of excavation spoil will be
           disposed of by truck hauling to borrow pits on the Mississippi
           River batture about 6 miles, on average, from the watershed.
           See Plate 50.        This disposal location is located closer to the
           project area versus the parish landfill and, therefore, was
           changed from the initial plan to reduce construction cost.
           Non-vegetative 11trash"      removed from the channels will, however,
           be hauled to Devil's Swamp. Structural improvements to this
           watershed consist of incorporating approximately 5600 linear
           feet of reinforced concrete-lined trapezoidal channel. An
           improved stable section with a 32-foot bottom width and 1V on
           3H side slopes will be established through excavating and
           backfilling.








                                                 257
















                                                                                               TABLE 95


                                                                                             WARD CREEK
                                                            NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED IN TBE VARIOUS FL.OODPLAINS
                                                                    WITII AND WITHOUT TIRE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                                      (WITH COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PLACE)





                                    BASIN        STRUCTURE          0-10         10-25       25-50         50-100    100-SM     ABOVE 500         ALL FLOOD
                                    NO.          CATEGORY           YEAR         YEAR        YEAR          YEAR      YEAR       YEAR              ZONES


                                    WARD CREEK


                                                 WITHOUT PROJECT


                                    21           1-STORY            14           59          56            182       456        i;m               2,042
                                                 2-STURY            1            0           5             2         3             25                36
                                                 MOBILE HOME        0            0           0             0         1             0                 1
                                                 COMMERCIAL         3            13          17            48        91           220                392
                                                 TOTAL              18           72          78            232       551        1,520             2,471



                                                 VVITTI TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                                                 1-STORY            1            16          61            205       481        I'm               2,042
                                                 2-STORY            1            0           2             5         3             25                36
                                                 MOBILE HOME        0            0           0             0         1             0                 1
                                                 CONIMCIAL          2            5           is            34        116          217                392
                                                 TO`rAL             4            21          81            244       601        1,520             2,A71





                                    BAYOU DUPLANTIER


                                                 WITI-IOUT PROJECT


                                    25           1-STORY            3            13          1             22        9             65                113
                                                 2-STORY            2            6           6             6         6             is                41
                                                 MOBILE HOME        0            0           0             0         0             0                 0
                                                 COMMERCIAL         12           2           2             4         13            13                46
                                                 TOTAL              17           21          9             32        28            93                200


                                                 VVMi TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                                                 1-61'ORY           2            14          1             13        18            65                113
                                                 2-STORY            1            6           7             2         10            15                41
                                                 MOBILE HOME        0            0           0             0         0             0                 0
                                                 COMMERCIAL         12           2           2             2         14            14                46
                                                 TOTAL              is           22          10            17        42            94                200





                                                                                                   258














                                                                        TABLE 95 (CONTINUED)


                                                                                 WARD CREEK
                                            NUMBER OF STRUCrURES LOCATED IN THE VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS
                                                     WITFI AND WITHOUT THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                        (WrIll CON[ITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN PLACE)





                   BASIN        STRUCTURE            0-10         lGas       25-50           50-100       IOG-500  ABOVE 500           ALLFLOOD
                   NO.          CATEGORY             YEAR         YEAR       YEAR            YEAR         YEAR      YEAR               ZCWES


                   DAWSON CREEK


                                WrMOUT PROJECT


                   26           1-STORY              51           30             20          14           24              72             231
                                2-STORY              10           5              3           1            1               9              29
                                MOBILE Hohm          0            0              0           0            0               0                  0
                                COhflAERCIAL         52           so             11          17           is              64             209
                                TOTAL                113          105            34          32           40              145            469


                                WITH TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                                I-STORY              51           50             20          14           24              72             231
                                2-STORY              10           5              3           1            1               9              29
                                MOBILE HOME          0            0              0           0            0               0                  0
                                CON14ERCIAL          52           50             11          17           15              64             209
                                TOTAL                113          105            34          32           40              145            469




                   NORTH BRANCH - WARD CREEK


                                WITHOUT PROJECT


                   27           1-STORY              17           84             41          161          167             366            836
                                2-STORY              3            is             1           21           61              45             149
                                MOBILE HOME          0            0              0           0            0               0                  0
                                CObAlAERCLAL         23           16             14          9            19              233            314
                                TOTAL                43           118            56          191          247             .644         11299


                                WITH TENTATIVELY SELEMED PLAN


                                1-STORY              2            20             10          4            36              764            836
                                2-STORY              1            10             1           10           9               118            149
                                MOBILE HOI@ffi       0            0              0           0            0               0                  0
                                COM301ERCIAL         18           6              14          3            11              262            314
                                TOTAL                21           36             25          17           56         1,144             1,299








                                                                                     259














                                                                                    TABLE 85 (CONTINUED)


                                                                                          WARD CREEK
                                                          NUMBER OF STRUCrURES LOCATED IN THE VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS
                                                                   WITH AND WITHOUT THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                                     (WITH COMM RIVER DIVERSION -CANAL IN PLACE)





                                   BASIN       STRUCTURE           0-10        10-25      25-50       50-100        100-500 ABOVE 5W          ALL FLOOD
                                   NO.         CATEGORY            YEAR        YEAR       YEAR        YEAR          YEAR    YEAR              ZONES



                                   DAWSON CREEK


                                               WITHOUT PROJECT


                                   30          1-STORY             20          69         17          8             119        54                2V
                                               2-STORY             0           2          2           10            18         19                51
                                               MOBILE HOME         0           0          0           0             0          0                 0
                                               CONIMERCIAL         19          20         3           5             12         82                141
                                               TOTAL               39          91         22          23            149        155               479


                                               WITH TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                                               I-STORY             20          69         3           21            108        66                287
                                               2-STIORY            0           2          0           9             20         20                51
                                               MOBILE HOME         0           0          0           0             0          0                 0
                                               CON04ERCIAL         17          22         2           5             13         82                141
                                               TOTAL               37          93         5           35            141        168               479




                                   WARD CREEK


                                               WITHOUT PROJECr


                                   32          1-STORY             17          5          49          29            82         iss               337
                                               2-STORY             3           2          3           2             2          15                27
                                               MOBILE HOME         4           0          0           0             1          71                76
                                               COMMERCIAL          23          6          19          is            2          13                78
                                               TOTAL               47          13         71          46            87         254--             518


                                               WrIH TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                                               1-STORY             17          5          49          29            82         155               337
                                               2-STORY             3           2          3           2             2          15                27
                                               MOBILE HOME         4           0          0           0             1          71                76
                                               CC)MMERCIAL         23          6          19          3             14         13                78
                                               TOTAL               47          13         71          34            99         254               518


                                   SOURCE. U.S ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DIST[CR




                                                                                                260














                                               TAWA 8 6


                         STAGE FREQUENCY EFFECTS OF PROJECTED UREMIZATION
                         FOR THE  TMqTATIVELY SELECTED PLhN FOR X= CREEK


                                  Existing           Projected          Projected
                                  (1985)             (2040)             Increase-in
                                  Percent            Percent            Stage (Ft.)
           Reach                  Urbanization       Urbanization       10-yr  100-yr


           Ward Creek (Lower)     40                 100                0.6    0.3
           Upper Ward Creek       75                  98                0.4    0.3
           North Br. Ward Creek   97                 100                0.1    0.1
           Dawson Creek (Lower)   72                  96                0.3    0.3
           Upper Dawson Creek     92                  96                0.1    0.1
           Bayou Duplantier       82                  91                0.1    0.1


           Source: U.S. Army Corps   of Engineers, New  Orleans District


           The channel bottom will be paved with an 8-inch thick layer of
           reinforced concrete. The channel side slope paving thickness
           will vary. Only 4 inches of reinforced concrete will be placed
           in the upper two-thirds of the channel slope, with 6 inches
           placed in the lower one-third. Reinforced concrete cutoff
           walls will be located at the top-of-bank and at the bottom
           slope interface beneath the paving to prevent undermining of
           the foundation materials. A drainage system that would
           dissipate any excess hydrostatic pressure will be required.
           The system will consist of weep holes, filter fabric, and
           filter sand placed beneath both the six-inch side slope and 8-
           inch bottom paving. A reinforced concrete-lined drainage ditch
           will be constructed on each side of the finished top of bank to
           intercept excess runoff (see Plate 48).


                 The clearing and snagging work will bepexformed well
           within existing public rights-of-way. It is anticipated that
           access to this work may be somewhat limited in some locations.
           The proposed widening and paving of the North Branch Tributary
           will be done immediately adjacent to developed residential and
           commercial properties. While an existing right-of-way on this
           reach is adequate to accommodate the proposed project, the
           adjacent property boundaries will limit accessibility. Much of
           the work access will be from inside the tributary itself.
           Temporary fuseplug dams will also be required to dewater
           section to facilitate the placement of concrete. Overall,


                                                  261










                  project constructability appears to be moderately-to-fairly
                  difficult.


                       The total construction duration of the Tentatively
                  Selected Plan for Ward Creek is 1-1/2 years.


                  Relocations and Removals


                       There are no roadway or utility relocations proposed for
                  the Ward Creek-project. The channel paving final design for
                  the North Branch Tributary will accommodate existing
                  facilities.


                  Real Estate


                       All proposed channel work will be within existing rights-
                  of-way suitable for construction of the project. Construction
                  access will be obtained from publicly owned bridge crossing
                  rights-of-way. The possibility exists that some additional
                  access may be required in a few locations and additional
                  temporary construction easements may be required. Mitigation
                  needs will require the purchase of 28 acres of cleared land for
                  reforestation. Mitigation lands will be purchased in fee,
                  excluding mineral rights. Approximately 7 acres of existing
                  open borrow pits are needed for spoil disposal. East Baton
                  Rouge Parish will obtain a disposal easement from the
                  landowners in order to use these pits. This area is also
                  controlled by the Pontchartrain Levee District. The parish
                  will obtain a permit (Letter of No Objection) from the Levee
                  District once they have obtained the easement from the
                  landowners.


                  Mitigation


                       The mitigation feature of the tentatively selected plan
                  consists of reforestation of 28 acres of existing cleared land.
                  It was determined to be practicable to combine mitigation sites
                  for the tentatively selected plan for all watersheds. Two
                  sites will be utilized. See Plates 52 and 53. The required
                  28 acres for this watershed's tentatively selected plan will be
                  included as a portion of the entire habitat mitigation package
                  for all five watersheds.





                                                262













         Recreation


              No recreational features were determined to be suitable
         for inclusion on this watershed of the project.


         Aesthetics


              For aesthetic purposes, a top-of-bank tree replanting plan
         is proposed and consists of 1.5 miles of tree and shrub line
         planting along both sides of Ward Creek for a total of 3 miles.
         These plantings occur in areas of impact relative to channel
         improvement involving clearing of top-of-bank vegetation.
         Replacing trees and shrubs lost during construction will return
         aesthetic conditions to the pre-project condition. See Table 3
         of the Environmental Appendix which identifies tree and shrub
         requirements and cost per watershed.


         Cultural Resources -


              Preliminary investigations indicate that no significant
         cultural resources will be impacted by the tentatively selected
         plan and that the project area is considered to have a very low
         probability for containing such sites.


         Stream Gaging


              The U.S. Geological Survey has an existing parish-wide
         stream gaging program that includes installations in this
         watershed. Improvements are proposed for 7 gages as listed in
         Table 87. Data from these gages will be used in both the final
         project design and in monitoring the effectiveness of the
         project. Gages will be upgraded as part of this project's
         construction and then will be maintained by-the U.S. Geological
         Survey as part of their existing parish program.


         Operation and Maintenance (O&M)


              Required O&M for the channels consist of continuous
         inspection and debris removal, annual herbicide application,
         and pavement repair when necessary. Clearing and snagging of
         the earthen channels will be performed every 5 to 10 years as




                                       263










                     needed. Maintenance of combined project mitigation areas is
                     also necessary and such costs have been prorated to the overall
                     O&M of this watershed's tentatively selected plan. Herbicide
                     spraying would be conducted in accordance with the
                     Environmental Protection Agency's guidelines. Operation and
                     maintenance of the above listed stream gages is also required
                     as part of this plan.


                                                       TABLE 87


                               PROPOSED STREAM GAGING PROGRAM ADDITIONS FOR NAM CREEK


                     Location                            Description


                     Ward Creek at Siegen Lane           Add peak discharge & rain gage
                     Ward Creek at Burden Drive          Stage recorder & peak discharge
                     Ward Creek at Bluebonnet Road       Crest-stage gage
                     N. Br. Ward Creek at Jefferson Hwy  Stage recorder & peak discharge
                     Dawson Creek at Quail Drive         Crest-stage gage
                     Dawson Creek at Staring Lane        Crest-stage gage
                     Bayou Duplantier at Lee Drive       Add peak discharge


                     Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District



                     Environmental and Social Effects


                           The only significant long term environmental impact of the
                     tentatively selected plan is the destruction of 22 acres of
                     bottomland hardwood forests. This loss will be mitigated with
                     the planting and maintenance of 28 acres of existing cleared
                     land. There will be short term effects on stream water quality
                     during construction. Aquatic habitat will receive adverse
                     impacts from reduced diversity and increased in-stream
                     temperatures. The loss of screening vegetation along the
                     channel banks would result in a significant aesthetic loss.
                     However, this loss would be mitigated by the planting with both
                     trees and shrubs on both sides of 1.5 miles of channel.


                           The most significant beneficial social impact of this plan
                     would be the relief from flooding to those affected. Also,
                     some major property erosion problems would be mitigated by this
                     plan (see discussion below).





                                                         264













         Economic Benefits


              The tentatively selected plan would generate significant
         economic benefits from flood damage reduction to existing, and,
         to some extent, projected future development. Benefits were
         only quantified, however, for existing development. It is
         estimated that average annual damages would be reduced by about
         60 percent in the North Branch Tributary basin. Damage
         reduction of about 15 percent is anticipated throughout the
         remaining watershed. A breakdown of these anticipated benefits
         are shown in Table 88.


              In addition to the above direct and indirect flood damage
         reduction benefits, the proposed paving of channels in this
         watershed will have a significant beneficial impact on existing
         property erosion problems on the North Branch Tributary. As
         stated above, streambank erosion is severe on the North Branch
         Tributary. In some locations, large sections of private
         property are sloughing down into the channel banks. See
         photos, Figure 1. Continuation of this process will certainly
         damage private structures and severely devalue these
         properties. There are several major litigations filed by
         private owners against East Baton Rouge Parish claiming damage
         relief from this problem. Short-term efforts to mitigate the
         erosion problem have been ineffective (see photos, Figure 1).


              As discussed above for Jones Creek, several factors were
         considered in developing a methodology to quantify the benefits
         associated with abating the erosion problem. A conservative
         approach was developed that consisted of estimating the erosion
         rate of each stream reach and combining it with-the average
         land square foot real estate value of the area. See
         Engineering and Economic'Appendix. While the actual soils
         directly eroded are within the existing channel right-of-way
         and have little value, there is almost an immediate
         "translation" of the soils loss as the top of bank section,
         well beyond the public right-of-way, creeps and/or sloughs down
         the stream embankment.


              Applying estimated erosion rates in conjunction with
         estimated property land values, equivalent annual damages were
         calculated. The proposed paving of North Branch will abate



                                       265











                  these damages and this value was therefore included as an
                  economic benefit produced by this project.


                  Final Costs, Net Benefits


                       Final costs and benefits for the tentatively selected plan
                  by feature are shown in Table 88. Complete itemized costs by
                  account code feature are shown in Table 89. The total first
                  cost of the tentatively selected plan, including all items, is
                  estimated to be $9,470,000. Total tentatively selected plan
                  annual operation and maintenance costs, including all features,
                  is estimated at $76,000 per year. Project first costs were
                  converted to equivalent annual dollars using an interest rate
                  of 8.00 percent over a 50-year period. It has been determined
                  that estimated equivalent annual costs and benefits will
                  generate $161,000 per year net benefits. The benefit-cost
                  ratio is 1.17 to 1.


                       Construction of each watershed's tentatively selected plan
                  will be phased. Construction of the tentatively selected plan
                  for Ward Creek is scheduled to start in 1999. Fully-funded
                  cost estimates in accordance with this construction schedule
                  are shown in Plan Implementation.


                  Cost-Sharing


                       A breakdown of incremental and fully-funded cost-sharing
                  requirements for the tentatively selected plan is shown in Plan
                  Implementation. The local sponsor will be responsible in
                  providing and/or bearing the full costs of all required lands,
                  easements, rights-of-way, relocations,and disposal areas for
                  this projec-t. The local sponsor will also bear 100 percent of
                  annual operation and maintenance, and, all replacement costs.













                                                266













                                      TABLE 88
                                     WARD CREEK
           PROJECT COSTS AND BENEFITS FOR THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                  (1994 DOLLARS, 8.00% INTEREST, 50-YEAR PERIOD)



         FIRST COSTS
               CONSTRUCTION FEATURE                $ 9,470,000
               GROSS INVESTMENT                    $10r371,000
               (includes interest lost
               during construction)


         AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS
               INTEREST/AMORTIZATION               $    848,000
               OPERATION/MAINTENANCE               $     76,000


               TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS          $     924,000


         AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS*
               INUNDATION REDUCTION                $     881,000
               FIA COSTS SAVED                     $     18,000
               REDUCED EMERGENCY COSTS             $     32,000
               FILL REDUCTION                      $       2,000
               RECREATION                          $           0
               EROSION CONTROL                     $     88,000
               BENEFITS DURING CONSTRUCTION        $     64,000


               TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS       $   1,085,000


         BENEFIT/COST RATIO                               1.17


            CALCULATED WITH  PROPOSED COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN
            PLACE


         SOURCE: U.S. ARMY   CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT












                                         267
















                                                                                  TABLE 89
                                                                 WARD CREEK - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                                              CHART OF ACCOUNTS



                              Account                                                             Unit
                               Code                  Item                  Quantity      Unit     Price        Amount    Contingencies Project Cost


                             01---     LANDS AND DAMAGES


                                       Construction
                                       Acquisitions
                             01B1-      By Government                                                            5,060           1,330           6,390
                             0162-      By Local Sponsor(LS)                                                     1,940              510          2,450
                             0184-      Review Of LS                                                             2,260              590          2,850

                             01G--     Temporary Permits
                             01G1-      By Government                                                            2,310              610          2,920
                             01G2-      By LS                                                                    3,460              910          4,370
                             01G4-      Review of LS                                                                490             130            620

                             01R--     Real Estate Payments
                             OiRl-      Land Payments
                             01R18       By LS                                                                   1,330           1,330           2,660

                             01T--     LERRD Credits
                             01T1-      Land Payments                                                            11,120          2,920          14,040
                             01T2-      Administrative Costs                                                     5,870           1,540           7,410
                             01T4-      other                                                                    3,400              890          4,290

                             01 ---    Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Construction)                                                               37,240
                                       Contingencies                                                                                            10,760
                             01 ---    Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Construction)                                                               48,000

                                       Mitigatio
                             0181-      By Government                                                               320              80            400
                             01B2-   ' By Local Sponsor(LS)                                                         500             130            630
                             0184-      Review Of LS                                                                 90              20            110

                             01C--     Condemnations
                             01C2       By LS                                                                       100              30            130
                             O1C4-      Review of LS                                                                 50              10             60

                             01E--     Appraisals
                             01E3-      By LS                                                                       490             130            620
                             01E5-      Review of LS                                                                120              30            150

                             01F--     PL 91-646 Assistance
                             01FI-      By Government                                                                50              10             60
                             01F4-      Review Of LS                                                                 20              10             30

                             01G--     Temporary Permits
                             01G1-      By Goverment                                                                140              40            180
                             01G2-      By LS                                                                  - -200                so            250
                             01G4-      Review of LS                                                                 40              10             50

                             01R--     Real Estate Payments
                             01RI-      Land Payments
                             01RIB       By LS                                                                   82,400          20,940        103,340
                             017--     LERRD Credits
                             0171-      Land Payments                                                               220              60            280
                             0173-      PL 91-646 Assistance                                                        220              60            280
                             01T2-      Administrative Costs                                                        280              70            350


                             01T4-      Other                                                                        60              20             80

                             01 ---    Subtotal: Lands And   Damages (Mitigation)                                                               85,300
                                       Contingencies                                                                                            21,700
                             01 ---    Subtotal: Lands And   Damages (Mitigation)                                                              107,000

                             01 ---    TOTAL: LANDS AND DA14AGES                                                                               155,000


















             Account                                                              Unit
             Code                   Item                  Quantity       Unit      Price       Amount     Contingencies Project Cost


           06 ------  FISH AND WILDLIFE FACILITIES

           0603 ----  Wildlife Facilities And Sanctuaries

           060301--   Mob Arid Demob

           060371--   Fences
           06037102 Fencing                                     1,838     LF          5.45       10,017            2,828         12,845

           060373--   Habitat And Feeding Facilities
           06037302 Planting                                        32    AC        150.00         4,800           1,355          6,155

           06 ------  Subtotal: Fish And Wildlife Facilities                                                                     14,817
                      Contingencies                                                                                               4,183
           06 ------  TOTAL: FISH AND WILDLIFE FACILITIES                                                                        19,000


           09 ------  CHANNELS AND CANALS

           0901 ----  Channels
           090101--   Mob & Demob,                       Lump Sun         LS    150,000.00      150,000          36,806         186,806
           09011502   Clearing For Channel Dredging                 20    AC      5,900.00      118,000          28,954         146,954
           09011502   Excavation                               143,000    CY          6.75      965,250         236,850       1,202,100
           09011502   Clearing and Snagging                         13    MI     19,000.00      247,000          60,608         307,608
           09013002   Sand (811 Thick)                         13,200     CY         10.50      138,600          34,009         172,609
           09013002   Fitter Drain Fabric                      59,300     SY          7.50      444,750         109,131         553,881
           09013002   FusepLug Dams                       Lump Sum        LS     40,000.00       40,000            9,815         49,815
           09013003   Concrete Lining
                       Cutoff Wall                                400     CY        150.00       60,000          14,723          74,723
                       Channel Slope Pavement (411)             8,800     CY        130.00     1,1",000         284,810       1,428,810
                       Channel. Slope Pavement (611)            6,600     CY        150.00      990,000         246,510       1,236,510
                       Channel Stab Pavement (811)              4,500     CY        150.00      675,000         165,629         840,629
                       Drain Ditch                              2,200     cy        130.00      286,000          70,178         356,178
           09019902   construction Access
                       Excavation                               6,500     CY          7.25       47,125          11,563          58,688
                       Fitter Fabric                           19,400     SY          3.50       67,900          16,661          84,561
                       Crushed Stone                            9,000     TN         24.00      216,000          53,001         269,001
                       Obstruction Removal                      5,600     LF         10.00       56,000          13,741          69,741
           09019905   Fencing (chain Link)                     11,200     LF          8.25       92,400          22,673         115,073
           09019906   Aesthetic Plantings
                       Tree Planting                              650     EA         15.00         9,750           2,438         12,188
                       Shrub Planting                           1,100     EA         11.00       12,100            3,025         15,125

           09 ------  SUBTOTAL: Channels And Canals                                                                           5,759,875
                      Contingencies                                                                                           1,421,125
           09 ------  TOTAL: CHANNELS AND CANALS                                                                              7,181,000


           29 ---     PROJECT COOPERATION AGREEMENTS

           29A--      Draft PCA
           29A9-      ALL Other                                                                      800              200         1,000

           298--      Final PCA and Financial Plan
           2989-      ALL Other                                                                      800              200         1,000

           29C--      PCA Negotiations
           29C9-      All Other                                                                      800              200         1,000

           29 ---     Subtotal: Project Cooperation Agreements                                       -                            2,400
                      Contingecies                                                                                                   600
           29 ---     TOTAL: PROJECT COOPERATION AGREEMENTS                                                                       3,000



















                               Account                                                           Unit
                               Code                  Item                Quantity      Unit      Price      Amount      Contingencies  Project Cost


                             30---     ENGINEERING AND DESIGN

                             30C--     Design Memorandum                                                     595,000           118,000       713,000
                             30CD-     HTRW Studies                                                          123,000           12,000        135,000
                             30CF-     Cost Estimates                                                         18,000           4,000         22,000
                             30CN-     VE Studies                                                             30,000           6,000         36,000

                             30DA-     P&S                                                                   187,000           37,000        224,000
                             30DF-     Cost Estimates                                                         14,000           3,000         17,000
                             30DN-     VE Studies                                                               5,000          1,000           6,000
                             30DA-     P&S - Mitigation                                                         7,000          2,000           9,000

                             30DS-     Construction Contract Award Activities                                 10,000           2,000         12,000

                             30DV-     Engineering During Construction                                        28,000           6,000         34,000

                             30E--     Engineering And Design Phase Project Management                        81,000           16,000        97,000

                             30Z--     Misc. Activities
                                       Monitoring
                                        Install Gages                                                         22,000           4,000         26,000
                                        Preconstruction O&M For Gages                                        120,000           24,000        1",000
                                       PHO                                                                    50,000           10,000        60,000
                                       LMVD                                                                   13,000           3,000         16,000

                             30 ---    SU8TOTAL: Engineering Arid Design                                                                   1,303,000
                                       Contingencies                                                                                         248,000
                             30 ---    TOTAL: ENGINEERING AND DESIGN                                                                       1,551,000


                             31 ---    CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT

                             318--     Contract Administration
                             3183-     Review And Approval of  Contract Payments                              19,000           4,000         23,000
                             31B4-     Contract Modifications                                                 45,000           9,000         54,000
                             3185-     Progress And Completion Reports                                        15,000           3,000         18,000
                             31119-    ALI Other                                                              65,000           13,000        78,000
                             31D--     Review of Shop Drawings
                             31DO-     Review of Shop Drawings                                                15,000           3,000         18,000
                             31E--     Inspection & Quat. Assur.
                             31E1-     Schedule Compliance                                                    15,000           3,000         18,000
                             31E2-     Compliance Sampling And Testing                                        14,000           3,000         17,000
                             31E3-     Quality Surveys                                                        30,000           6,000         36,000
                             31E4-     Title 11 Services                                                      17,000           3,000         20,000
                             31E9-     ALL Other                                                             199,000           40,000        239,000
                             31T--     Construction Phase Project Management                                  33,000           7,000         40,000
                             31 ---    SUBTOTAL: Construction Management                                                                     467,000
                                       Contingencies                                                                                         94,000
                             31 ---    TOTAL: CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT                                                                        561,000

                                       TOTAL: WARD CREEK                                                                                  9,470,000











         Risk and Uncertainty


              A modified risk-and uncertainty analysis was performed on
         calculated benefits and costs of the Tentatively Selected Plan.
         In general, statistical ranges used in this analysis were broad
         and were established primarily for the purposes of identifying
         the direction of change that may be expected due to known
         uncertainties. The single value estimates calculated above
         were, therefore, used as the basis for determining the ultimate
         cost-effectiveness of the plan.

              Six items were identified as having potential major
         variance on the overall project's feasibility. These items and
         their estimated variance ranges are discussed below.
         Additional detail of the analysis can be found in Economics
         Appendix H.


                   Stage Frequency Values.


                   Without project (existing) and with project
                   floodstage frequency values directly affect existing
                   and with project calculated damage dollar values.
                   Variances on both existing and with project stages
                   were determined to be practicably within plus or
                   minus 1.0 feet for all storm frequency events, and,
                   for both without and with project conditions. See
                   Engineering Appendix C. Damage values were
                   recalculated incorporating this range. Applying the
                   results, it is estimated that without project flood
                   damages vary from minus $1,953,000 to plus $4,950',000
                   per year from the most likely estimate. With project
                   flood damages are estimated to vary from minus
                   $1,462,000 to plus $3,469,000 per-year from the most
                   likely estimate. Note that it was determined that
                   there is likely to be a very high correlation between
                   existing and with project stage frequency variance.
                   This is due to the fact that the majority of the
                   project calls for clearing and snagging only, which
                   will not significantly alter channel configuration.
                   A correlation factor of 0.95 was appl ied to this item
                   in the "risk analysis" calculations described below.




                                       271












                            Structure Elevations.


                            Variances in structure elevations directly affect
                            both existing and with project calculated damage
                            dollar values. Within practical limits, structure
                            elevation variance was determined to be minus 0.5 to
                            plus 0.5 feet. The calculated dollar value variance
                            is minus $975,000 to plus $2,480,000 for existing
                            annual damages, and, minus $730,000 to plus
                            $1,740,000 for with project annual damages. Note
                            that there is a direct correlation between existing
                            and with project variances. A correlation factor of
                            1.0 was therefore applied to this item in the "risk
                            analysis" calculations described below.


                            Structure Valuations.


                            Variances in the estimate of structure values also
                            affect both existing and with project calculated
                            damage dollar value. Structure value variance range
                            is estimated at minus 10 percent to plus 10 percent
                            from the single value estimate. Damage values were
                            recalculated incorporating this range. Applying
                            these results, it is estimated that existing flood
                            damages vary from minus $277,000 to plus $260,000 per
                            year. With project flood damages range from minus
                            $203,000 to plus $191,000. As in the case of
                            structure elevation variance, there is a one-to-one
                            correlation between existing and with project
                            probability ranges.


                            Construction Costs.


                            Estimated variances in calculated quantities, unit
                            prices, constructability, and other factors were
                            considered in calculating the channel construction
                            cost estimate. The calculated cost range is from
                            minus $3,600,000 to plus $430,000 per year relative
                            to the single value estimate used for this item.
                            Converting this range to equivalent annual dollars
                            yields minus $360,000 to plus $43,000 per year.




                                                272












                   Erosion Abatement Benefits.


                   The estimated annual benefits calculated for erosion
                   abatement are quite speculative. A plus or minus
                   range of 50 percent should be considered for this
                   item. This adjustment range is minus $45,000 to plus
                   $45,000 per year.


                   Property Utility Values


                   In addition to the loss of "land" property, the
                   strong probability exists that significant or entire
                   property utility values will be lost over time if the
                   channels in this watershed are not paved. That is to
                   say, for example, that an existing home purchased at
                   $75,000 may not be able to be sold at any price if
                   the backyard has sloughed into the channel.
                   Furthermore, it is quite likely that unabated erosion
                   will result in direct damage to structures, given
                   time. Through field investigation, it is estimated
                   that up to ten residential and one 3-story office
                   building properties could lose their utility values
                   within five years given present conditions. It was
                   estimated that a potential loss of $33,000 per each
                   residential property ($330,000), plus a $2,000,000
                   loss for the office building could occur in five
                   years. Discounting over the five year period and
                   conversion to annual dollars yields $158,000 per
                   year. Since this item was not considered in the most
                   likely estimate of benefits for this plan, a range of
                   minus $0 to plus $158,000 per year was considered for
                   this additional item.


              The above uncertainty spreads were integrated with the
         single most likely value estimates for existing annual damages,
         with project damages and project costs. With the aid of "At
         Risk" computer software, probability ranges were calculated.
         See Risk Analysis calculations in Economics Appendix H. The
         calculated probability distributions for project cost,
         benefits, net benefits, and benefit-to-cost ratio are
         illustrated in Figures 14 through 17.




                                       273










                         The calculated expected values generated as compared to
                    the single value estimates were determined as follows:


                                                     SINGLE VALUE    CALCULATED
                    (EQUIVALENT ANNUAL)              ESTIMATE        EXPECTED VALUE

                    PROJECT BENEFITS                 $1,085,000      $1,631,000
                    PROJECT COSTS                    $ 924,000       $ 818,000
                    NET BENEFITS                     $ 161,000       $ 813,000
                    BENEFIT/COST RATIO                       1.17             2.0

                    PROBABILITY OF PROJECT                    N/A             97%
                      NET POSITIVE BENEFITS




                         These results show an expected substantial increase in
                    project benefits. This increase was due primarily to the high
                    sensitivity of both calculated existing and with project
                    damages, given a flood stage frequency or.structure elevation
                    variance of plus or minus 1.0 foot. This effect is somewhat
                    compounded given the fact that a relatively high percentage of
                    flood damages remains in the watershed with the tentatively
                    selected plan in place.


                         While there appears to be some heavier flooding on the
                    North Branch Tributary than that calculated, there is no
                    substantial evidence that flooding in the remaining watershed
                    is grossly underestimated as the sensitivity analysis indicates
                    as probable. It is, therefore, believed that the large
                    increase in the expected value of property benefits is not
                    truly indicative of the actual situation. These results do,
                    however, indicate that the expected net benefits for this
                    watershed's tentatively selected plan is likely to be
                    significantly higher than the calculated singleyalue estimate.













                                                     274


















                                                               Figure 14
                                                              Ward Creek
                                                     Probability Distribution
                       11% ---- ------               -----------------------------------------------------

                                                        Expected Result =:818

                            or -----------  -------------------------- -----------
                                                                                 -------           ----------





                       6.6%  -------------------------------------     -------                       --------



                       4.4%  ----------- *----------- *-------                                       --------



                       2.2%  ----------------------
                         0% 1           i                             1                            1                                 0
                            500      155062.5   625     637.5      750      812.5      875 9,37.5          1000
                                                 Project Costs (Annual $1,000)

















                                                               Figure 15
                                                               Word Creek
                                                           Probability Result
                                                               --------------------------------------------
                               15%         ------ --------------

                                                         Expected Result = 1,631

                                                                      -------------------------------------
                               12%   --------------------------




                                                                           -------------------------------
                               9.0074



                               5%    --------------------                    ..........  .................
                               3%    -------I---------                            -------m  -------------
                                 0%
                                     0     437-5 875 1312.5 1750 2187.5 2625 3062.5 3500
                                                            Project Benefits
















                                                  Figure 16
                                                  Ward Creek
                                           Prob9bility Distribution
                  15%   ------- -----------------
                                           Expeited Result = 811


                  12%   ----------------------   --------------------------------------------




                                                        ..? -----------------------------------
                  9.0074



                  6%    ------------                      ----------------------------------




                                                                 ---------------------------
                    0%                                          IIR--            i
                      -450 -31.25 387.5 806.25 1225 1643.8 206A"'-.5 2481.3 2900
                                            Net Benefits ($1,000)

















                                                                               Figure 17
                                                                               Word Creek
                                                                      Probabi@lity Distribution
                                         15%   --------------------------  * ---------------------------------------   --------
                                                                      Expectdcl Result = 2.0


                                                       ----------------              ---------------------------------------
                                         12%   --------



                                         9. 0 0 'p. -----------------                    ----------------  -------------------



                                         6%    --------------                               ---------------------------------



                                         3%    ---------------                                       -- ---------------------
                                                                                                 Im     m
                                           0%                                                              1
                                               0       .625      1.25 1.875          2.5      3.125 3.75 4.375                5
                                                                        Benefit to Cost Ratio













         BAYOU FOUNTAIN


         Description


              The tentatively selected plan for Bayou Fountain consists
         of clearing and/or widening approximately 11 miles of channel.
         Proposed modifications are designed to convey a 10-year storm
         event within streambank and reduce out-of-bank stages of larger
         flood events. Improvements are proposed from the bayou's mouth
         at Bayou Manchac upstream to Ben Hur Road.

              Clearing and snagging is proposed from the bayou's mouth
         upstream to Siegen Lane and again from Gardere Lane upstream to
         Ben Hur Road. Between Siegen and Gardere Lanes, channel         I
         widening is proposed and consists of a 50-foot wide bottom with
         3:1 bank slopes. Proposed channel modifications are listed in
         summary in Table 90 and are shown on Plate 46.




                                     TABLE 90


                    BAYOU FOUNTAIN - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                          PROPOSED CHANNEL MODIFICATIONS


         Reach                          Proposed Modifications


         Mouth to Siegen Lane           Channel clearing and snagging

         Siegen Lane to                 Channel widening - (earthen) 50-
                                        ft


         Gardere Lane                   bottom width with 3:1 bank slopes


         Gardere Lane to                Channel clearing and snagging
           Ben Hur Road
                                        Construct concrete "U'l-channel at
                                        60-inch sewer line; 50-ft bottom
                                        width


         Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District




                                        275












                  Plan Effectiveness


                       The tentatively selected plan is designed to convey and
                  contain a 10-year storm event within the streambank. Flood
                  stages of greater storm events will also be reduced. Expected
                  stage lowerings for various storm events at selected locations
                  in the watershed are shown in Table 91 and Plate 59. Overflow
                  maps, illustrating existing and with project floodplains are
                  shown in the Engineering Appendix C. The expected reduction in
                  floodstages will result in a substantial lowering in the number
                  of structures located in the 0-25-year floodplain (see
                  Table 92).

                       Development in this watershed is occurring at a rapid
                  pace. By the year 2040, urbanization in this watershed is
                  projected to increase from 26 to 65 percent. Estimates from
                  hydrologic modelling indicate that the 10-year with project
                  average stage will be about 1.1 feet higher and the average
                  100-year flood stages about 0.3 feet higher. This increase in
                  urbanization will seriously impact the effectiveness of the
                  proposed channel modifications and also significantly increase
                  existing flooding conditions without the proposed project.

                       To ensure the effectiveness of the tentatively selected
                  plan for this watershed, it will therefore be required that the
                  parish implement a comprehensive floodplain management plan in
                  conjunction with the proposed channel modifications. Specifics
                  of this floodplain management plan are discussed below at the
                  end of this section.






















                                                276












                                     TABLE 91


                    BAYOU FOUNTAIN - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                      EXPECTED PROJECT STAGE REDUCTIONS (FT)



         Event           Siegen Lane    Gardere Lane    Ben Hur Road


            1-YR         0.7            2.4             1.0
            2-YR         0.3            2.3             1.0
            5-YR         0.0            1.9             0.7
           10-YR         0.0            1.7             0.7
           25-YR         0.0            1.6             0.6
           50-YR         0.0            1.4             0.5
         100-YR          0.0            1.1             0.5
         200-YR          0.0            1.1             0.3
         500-YR          0.0            0.9             0.0


         Source: U.S. Army  Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District





























                                        277
















                                                                                            TABLE 92



                                                                                       BAYOU FOUNTAIN
                                                          NUMBER OF STRUCTURES LOCATED IN THE VARIOUS FLOODPLAINS
                                                                  WM AND WrMOUT THE TENTATIVELY SEI CTED PLAN
                                                                    (WITH CONM RIM DIVERSION CANAL IN PLACE)





                                   BASIN       snucTURE           o-lo       10-25        25-50        50-100    100-500    ABOVE SW          ALLFLOOD
                                   NO.         CATEGORY           YEAR       YEAR         YEAR         YEAR      YEAR       YEAR              ZONES


                                   BAYOU FOUNTAIN                                                                     -


                                               WITHOUT PROJECT


                                   29          1-STORY            41         121          34           34        531          432             1,193
                                               2-STORY            7          so           112          6         196          133              504
                                               MOBILE HOME        0            0          0            0          0              6               6
                                               APT.BLDGS.         39         125          101          10        54           39               368
                                               COWAMCIAL 8                   21           12           45        112          82               280
                                               TOTAL              95         317          259          95        893          692             2X1


                                               VaM TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN


                                               1-STORY            25         40           26           136       490          476             1,193
                                               2-STORY            1          14           0            156       115          218              504
                                               MOBILE HOME        0            0          0            0          0              6               6
                                               APT.BLDGS.         37         127          76           33        56           39               368
                                               CONDoJERCIAL 7                18           11           46        99           99               280
                                               TOTAL              70         199          113          371       760          838             2,351


                                   SOURCE. U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEw ORLEANS DISTRICT




                                   Design and Construction


                                             Existing soils data from available Sources were used in
                                   determining channel design slopes and possible erosion
                                   protection (see Engineering Appendix C). A channel slope
                                   design of 1V on 3.OH was determined to be necessary to
                                   reasonably ensure bank stability in the Siegen Lane to Gardere
                                   Lane reach. All new streambanks will remain earthen with grass
                                   cover.


                                             It is proposed that improvements be made to one major
                                   obstruction, a 60-inch sewer main crossing located at
                                   Mile 53.8. The proposed design calls for the construction of a

                                                                                                278












          concrete IT-channel" with a 50-foot bottom width. Construction
          of the channel will be performed by mechanical dredge (bucket)
          with approximately 283,000 cubic yards of material to be
          excavated. The excavated material will be disposed of by truck
          hauling to abandoned borrow pits on the Mississippi River
          batture close to this watershed (about 4 miles on,average).
          This disposal location is located closer to the project area
          versus the parish landfill and, therefore, was changed from the
          initial plans to significantly reduce construction cost. See
          Plate 50. Non-vegetative "trash" removed from the channels
          will, however, still be hauled to the parish landfill.
          Clearing and snagging work will be performed within the low top
          of bank contour. It is anticipated that the work will be
          accomplished using chain saws and transloaders. Debris removed
          will be disposed of by truck to the above noted river batture
          site. Structural improvements will be required at an existing
          60-inch sewer main crossing. A soil founded reinforced
          concrete U-shaped monolith, used in conjunction with reinforced
          concrete wing walls, will be utilized.


               All proposed work will likely be performed from the top of
          the bank and inside the channel. Once the purchase of required
          project right-of-way is complete, total accessibility along the
          top of the bank will be available. Overall, project
          constructability appears to be only moderately difficult.

               It is estimated that project construction for this
          watershed will take about two years.


          Relocations and Removals


               There is one 4-inch petroleum products pipeline relocation
          required to implement the tentatively selected plan.


          Real Estate


               The tentatively selected plan will require the permanent
          purchase of 122 acres and 30 acres of temporary easement for
          channel construction, plus 21 acres, for mitigation. No
          structures or other improvements will be taken for this
          project. Land purchased for channel widening (122 acres) will
          be perpetual drainage easements.- Temporary construction
          easements (30 acres) will be acquired (purchased) for proposed


                                        279










                clearing and snagging reaches. Mitigation areas will be bought
                in fee, excluding mineral rights. Approximately 14 acres of
                existing open borrow pits are needed for spoil disposal. East
                Baton Rouge Parish will obtain a disposal easement from the
                landowner(s) in order to use these pits. This area is also
                controlled by the Pontchartrain Levee District. The parish
                will obtain a permit (Letter of No Objection) from the Levee
                District once they have obtained easements from the
                landowner(s).


                Mitigation


                     The mitigation feature of the tentatively selected plan
                consists of reforestation of 21 acres of existing cleared land.
                It was determined to be practicable to combine mitigation sites
                for the tentatively selected plan for all watersheds. Two
                sites will be utilized. See Plates 52 and 53. The required
                22 acres for this watershed's tentatively selected plan will be
                included as a portion of the entire habitat mitigation package
                for all five watersheds.


                Recreation


                     The Bayou Fountain watershed does not lend itself to
                recreational development in association with the tentatively
                selected plan.


                Aesthetics


                     For aesthetic purposes, a top-of-bank tree replanting plan
                is proposed and consists of 2.5 miles of tree and shrub line
                planting along both sides of Bayou Fountain for a total of
                5 miles. These plantings occur in areas of impact relative to
                channel improvement involving clearing of top-of-bank
                vegetation. Replacing trees and shrubs lost during
                construction will return aesthetic conditions to the pre-
                project condition. See Table 3 of the Environmental Appendix
                which identifies tree and shrub requirements and cost per
                watershed.








                                               280













          Cultural Resources


               Preliminary investigations indicate that four potentially
          significant sites are likely to occur in the project area and
          that there is some chance of uncovering unknown sites. Impacts
          from the proposed channel enlargement reach will likely be more
          significant than those occurring in the proposed clearing and
          snagging areas. A detailed survey will be conducted during the
          preconstruction design phase. If necessary, channel designs
          can likely be altered in order to not disturb any located
          sites. These efforts will be coordinated with the State
          Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO).


          Stream Gaging


               The U.S. Geological Survey has an existing parish-wide
          stream gaging program that includes installations in this
          watershed. Improvements are proposed for the gage at Gardere
          Lane. Data from these gages will be used in both the final
          project design and in monitoring the effectiveness of the
          project. Gages will be upgraded as part of this project's
          construction and then will be maintained by the U.S. Geological
          Survey as part of their existing parish program.


          Operation, Maintenance, Repair, and Rehab (O&M)


               Required O&M for the channels consist of continuous
          inspection and debris removal, annual herbicide application,
          and clearing and snagging every 5 to 10 years, where necessary.
          Herbicide spraying would be conducted in accordance with the
          Environmental Protection Agency's guidelines (see Appendix E).
          Maintenance of combined project mitigation areas is also
          necessary and such costs have been prorated-to-the overall O&M
          of this watershed's tentatively selected plan. Operation and
          maintenance of the above listed stream gages to also required
          as part of this plan.


          Environmental and Social Effects


               The only significant long term environmental impact of the
          tentatively selected plan is the destruction of 17 acres of
          bottomland hardwood forests. This loss will be mitigated with
          the planting and maintenance of 21 acres of existing cleared


                                        281










                land. There will be short term effects on stream water quality
                during construction. Aquatic habitat will receive adverse
                impacts from reduced diversity and increased in-stream
                temperatures. The lo7ss of screening v.egetation along the
                channel banks would result in a significant aesthetic loss.
                However, this loss would be mitigated by the planting with both
                trees and shrubs on both sides of 2.5 miles of channel.


                     The most significant beneficial social impacts of this
                plan would be the relief from flooding to those affected.
                Adverse social impacts include the taking of some unimproved
                private property. Temporary traffic rerouting for a bridge
                relocation is also necessary during construction of the plan.


                Economic Benefits


                     The tentatively selected plan would generate significant
                economic benefits from flood damage reduction to existing, and,
                to some extent, projected future development. Benefits were
                only quantified, however, for existing development. It is
                estimated that annual average damages in this watershed would
                be reduced by about 50 percent. A breakdown of these
                anticipated benefits are shown in Table 93.


                Final Costs, Net Benefits


                     Final costs and benefits for the tentatively selected plan
                by feature are shown in Table 93. Complete itemized costs by
                account code feature are shown in Table 94. The total first
                cost of the tentatively selected plan, including all items, is
                estimated to be $4-1760,000. Total tentatively selected plan
                annual operation and maintenance costs, including all features,
                is estimated at $37,000 per year. Project first-costs were
                converted to equivalent annual dollars using an interest rate
                of 8.00 percent over a 50-year period. It has been determined
                that estimated equivalent annual costs and benefits of the
                tentatively selected plan will generate $78,000 per year net
                benefits. The benefit-cost ratio is 1.16 to 1.


                     Construction of each watershed's tentatively_selected plan
                will be phased. Construction of the tentatively selected plan
                for Bayou Fountain is scheduled to start in 1997. Fully-funded



                                              282












           cost estimates in accordance with this construction schedule
           are shown in the Plan Implementation section below.


           Cost-Sharing


               A breakdown of incremental and fully-funded cost-sharing
           requirements for the tentatively selected plan is shown in Plan
           Implementation. The local sponsor will be responsible in
           providing and/or bearing the full costs of all required lands,
           easements, rights-of-way, relocations, and disposal areas for
           this project. The local sponsor will,also bear 100 percent of
           annual operation and maintenance, and, all replacement costs.


           Floodplain Management


               As stated above, the anticipated rapid urbanization of
           this watershed basin will significantly and adversely affect
           flooding conditions with or without the proposed project. It
           is therefore necessary that the parish implement a
           comprehensive plan that will control this process.

               Currently, East Baton Rouge has in place a parish-wide
           ordinance that includes the prohibiting of floodplain
           displacement (see Appendix K). This means that no fill
           material can be brought into the floodplain unless an equal
           amount of fill is removed, thus maintaining holding volume.
           Additionally, the Federal Emergency Management Agency will
           institute a "floodway" along Bayou Fountain. This will
           severely inhibit development within a zone immediately adjacent
           to the bayou.

               While both existing programs will help reduce additional
           future flooding, they do not address the impending effects of
           future land use conversion from forested land to urban (paved).
           This transaction will increase peak flow rates in Bayou
           Fountain as stormwater will travel faster to the stream given
           the anticipated substantial increase in deforested-paved areas.
           To limit this effect, the parish must institute a basin-wide
           (Bayou Fountain) ordinance that requires developers to
           "maintain the existing run-off status" of their-existing
           property tracts. This can readily be achieved by including
           some form of stormwater storage (detention ponds). This
           management plan is essential to the overall comprehensiveness


                                          283










                of the tentatively selected plan in the Bayou Fountain
                watershed. Ultimate approval of Federal participation for the
                Bayou Fountain portion of the tentatively selected plan is
                contingent on the parish's commitment to implementing the above
                floodplain management policy in this watershed.




















































                                              284













                                        TABLE 93
                                     BAYOU FOUNTAIN
            PROJECT COSTS AND BENEFITS FOR THE TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                    (1994 DOLLARS, 8.00% INTEREST, 50-YEAR PERIOD)



           FIRST COSTS
                CONSTRUCTION FEATURE                 $4,760,000
                GROSS INVESTMENT                     $5,420,000
                (includes interest lost
                 during construction)


           AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS
                INTEREST/AMORTIZATION                $ 443,000
                OPERATION/MAINTENANCE                $    37,000


                TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL COSTS           $   480,000


           AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS*
                INUNDATION REDUCTION                 $   506,000
                FIA COSTS SAVED                      $         0
                REDUCED EMERGENCY COSTS              $    41,000
                FILL REDUCTION                       $    10,000
                RECREATION                           $         0
                EROSION CONTROL                      $         0
                BENEFITS DURING  CONSTRUCTION        $         0


                TOTAL AVERAGE ANNUAL BENEFITS        $   557,000


           BENEFIT/COST RATIO                                1.16


             CALCULATED WITH  PROPOSED COMITE RIVER DIVERSION CANAL IN
              PLACE


           SOURCE: U.S. ARMY   CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT












                                           285
















                                                                                 TABLE 94
                                                               BAYOU FOUNTAIN - TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                                             CHART OF ACCOUNTS


                            Account                                                              Unit
                             Code                   Item                 Quantity      Unit      Price        Amount    Contingencies Project Cost


                            01 ---   LANDS AND DAMAGES


                                     Construction
                            016--    Acquisitions
                            0161-     By Government                                                             9,230            2,310         11,540
                            0162-     By Local Sponsor(LS)                                                     264,090           66,050       330,140
                            01114-    Review Of LS                                                              14,910           3,740         18,650

                            01C--    Condemnations
                            01C2      By LS                                                                     10,570           2,650         13,220
                            O1C4-     Review of LS                                                              8,200            2,060         10,260

                            DIE--    Appraisals
                            OIE3-     By LS                                                                    283,250           71,080       354,330
                            O1E5-     Review of LS                                                              51,500           12,930        64,430

                            01G--    Temporary Permits
                            01G1-     By Government                                                             2,970              740           3,710
                            O1G2-     By LS                                                                     21,590           5,420         27,010
                            O1G4-     Review of LS                                                                  660            170             830

                            O1R--    Real Estate Payments
                            O1R1-     Land Payments
                            OIRIB      By LS                                                                   263,670           66,670       330,340

                            OIT--    LERRD Credits
                            OIT1-     Land Payments                                                             12,050           3,020         15,070
                            OIT2-     Administrative Costs                                                      8,030            2,020         10,050
                            OIT4-     Other                                                                     4,330            1,090           5,420
                            01---    Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Construction)                                                               955,050
                                     Contingencies                                                                                            239,950
                            01---    SubtotaL: Lands Arid Damages (Construction)                                                             1,195,000


                                     mitigation
                            O1B--    Acquisitions
                            O1B1-     By Government                                                                 240             60             300
                            O1B2-     By Local Sponsor(LS)                                                          370            100             470
                            0164-     Review Of LS                                                                  70              20              90

                            01C--    Condemnations
                            01C2      By LS                                                                         70              20              90
                            O1C4-     Review of LS                                                                  30              10              40

                            O1E--    Appraisals
                            OIE3-     By LS                                                                         370            100             470
                            OIE5-     Review of   LS                                                                90              20             110

                            O1F--    PL 91-646 Assistance
                            O1F1-     By Government                                                                 30              10              40
                            OiF4-     Review Of LS                                                                  10                0             10

                            01G--    Temporary Permits
                            O1G1-     By Goverment                                                                  100             30             130
                            OlG2-     By LS                                                                         150             40             190
                            OIG4-     Review of LS                                                                  30              10              40
                            01R--    Real Estate Payments
                            01RI-     Land Payments
                            01R1B      By LS                                                                    61,800           15,490        T7,290















              Account                                                                    Unit
               Code                   Item                    Quantity        Unit      Price       Amount       Contingencies    Project Cost


              01T--      LERRD Credits
              01TI-      Land Payments                                                                     170               40              210
              01T3-      PL 91-646 Assistance                                                              170               40              210
              01T2-      Administrative Costs                                                              210               50              260
              01T4-      Other                                                                              40               10               50

              01 ---     Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Mitigation)                                                                         63,950
                         Contingencies                                                                                                    16,050
              01 ---     Subtotal: Lands And Damages (Mitigation)                                                                         80,000

              01 ---     TOTAL: LANDS AND DAMAGES                                                                                     1,275,000


              02 ------  RELOCATIONS

              0203 ----  Cemeteries, Utilities And Structures

              020318--   Utilities
              02031815   411 Petroleum Products Pipeline BF-2
                         Permanent Relocation                             1    LS       3,000.00        3,000             1,000           4,000

              0203 ----  SUBTOTAL: Cemeteries, Utilities And Structures                                                                   3,000
                         Cont i ngenc i es                                                                                                1,000
              0203 ----  SUBTOTAL: Cemeteries, Utilities And Structures                                                                   4,000

              02 ------  TOTAL: RELOCATIONS                                                                                               4,000


              06 ------  FISH AND WILDLIFE FACILITIES

              0603 ----  WitdLife Facilities And Sanctuaries

              060301--   Mob And Demob

              060371--   Fences
              06037102 Fencing                                       1,378     LF           5.45        7,510             1,954           9,464

              060373--   Habitat Arid Feeding Facilities
              06037302 Planting                                         24     AC        150.00         3,600                936          4,536
              06 ------  Subtotal:  Fish And WiLdLife Facilities                                                                          11,110
                         Contingencies                                                                                                    2,890
              06 ------  TOTAL: FISH AND WILDLIFE FACILITIES                                                                              14,000


              09 ------  CHANNELS AND CANALS


              0901 ----  Channels
              090101--   Mob & Demob                          Lump Sum         LS     100,000.00       100,000            19,570          119,570
              09011502   Clearing and Snagging                            a    M1      19,000.00       152,000            29,747          181,747
              09011502   Clearing For Channel Dredging                  47     AC       5,900.00       277,-300           54,268          331,568
              09011502   Excavation                                283,000     CY           3.90     1,103,700          215,941        1,319,641
              09013002   Filter Drain Fabric                         6,460     SY           7.50        48,450            9,482           57,932
              09013002   Sand (811 Thick)                              160     CY           7.50        1,200                235          1,435
              09013002   Riprap 1611 - Dry Placement                   890     TN          23.00        20,470            4,006           24,476
              09013003   Concrete U-ChanneL
                          I Ft. U-Frame Base Stab                       67     CY        180.00         12,060            2,360           14,420
                          1 Ft. U-Frame WaLL                           100     CY        300.00         30,000            5,871           35,871
                          Channel Slope Pavement (411)                  55     CY        130.00         7,150             1,399           8,549
                          Channel Slope Pavement (611)                  43     CY        150.00         6,450             1,262           7,712
                          Channel Slab Pavement (811)                   62     CY        150.00         9,300             1,820           11,120
              09019905 Fence (chain Link)                              300     LF           8.25        2,475                484          2,959
              09019906 Aesthetic Plantings                                                                  -
                          Tree Planting                              1,050     EA           15.00       15,750            3,250           19,000
                          Shrub Planting                             1,760     EA           11.00       19,360            3,640           23,000
















                             Account                                                            Unit
   0                         code                 Item                 Quantity       Unit      Price      Amount     Contingencies Project Cost

                           09 ------ SUBTOTAL: Channels And Canals                                                                        1,805,665
                                    Contingencies                                                                                          353,335
                           09 ------ TOTAL: CHANNELS AND CANALS                                                                           2,159,000


                           29 ---   PROJECT COOPERATION AGREEMENTS


                           29A--    Draft PCA
                           29A1-     Real Estate Activities                                                     600              100           700
                           29A9-     ALL Other                                                                  800              200         1,000

                           29B--    Final PCA and Financial   Plan
                           29B1-     Real Estate Activities                                                     600              100           700
                           29B9-     ALL Other                                                                  800              200         1,000

                           29C--    PCA Negotiations
                           29C1-     Real Estate Activities                                                     500              100           600
                           29C9-     All Other                                                                  800              200         1,000

                           29 ---   Subtotal: Project Cooperation Agreements                                                                 4,100
                                    Contingecies                                                                                               900
                           29 ---   TOTAL: PROJECT COOPERATION AGREEMENTS                                                                    5,000


                           30 ---   ENGINEERING AND DESIGN

                           30DA-    Design Report & P&S                                                      509,000          51,000       560,000
                           30DD-    HTRW Studies                                                             105,000          10,000       115,000
                           30DF-    Cost Estimates                                                           19,000           2,000         21,000
                           30DN-    VE Studies                                                                5,000           1,000          6,000
                           30DS-    Construction Contract Award Activities                                   10,000           1,000         11,000
                           30DV-    Engineering During Construction                                          22,000           2,000         24,000

                           30DA-    P&S - Mitigation                                                          4,000           1,000          5,000

                           30E--    Engineering And Design Phase Project Management                          87,000           9,000         96,000

                           30Z--    Misc. Activities
                                     Monitoring
                                      Install Gages                                                           5,000           1,000          6,000
                                      Preconstruction ON For Gages                                           25,000           3,000         28,000
                                     PRO                                                                     50,000           5,000         55,000
                                     LKVD                                                                    10,000           1,000         11,000

                           30 ---   SUBTOTAL: Engineering And Design                                                                       851,000
                                    Contingencies                                                                                           87,000
                           30 ---   TOTAL: ENGINEERING AND DESIGN                                                                          938,000


                           31 ---   CONSTRUCTION 14ANAGEMENT

                           318--    Contract Administration
                           3163-     Review And Approval of Contract Payments                                13,000           3,000         16,000
                           31B4-     Contract Modifications                                                  27,000           5,000         32,000
                           3165-     Progress And Completion Reports                                          9,000           2,000         11,000
                           31B9-     ALL Other                                                               40,000           8,000         48,000
                           31D--    Review of Shop Drawings
                           31DO-     Review of Shop Drawings                                                 10,000           2,000         12,000
                           31E--    Inspection & Quat. Assur.
                           31E1-     Schedule Compliance                                                     10,000           2,000         12,000
                           31E2-     Compliance Sampling And Testing                                          7,000           1,000          8,000
                           31E3-     Quality Surveys                                                         28,000           6,000         34,000
                           31E4-     Title II Services                                                        8,000           2,000         10,000
                           31E9-     ALL Other                                                               131,000          26,000       157,000
                           31T--    Construction Phase Project Management                                    21,000           4,000         25,000















             Account                                                            Unit
              Code                 Item                 Quantity       Unit     Price       Amount    contingencies Project Cost


             31 ---   SUBTOTAL: Construction Management                                                                      304,000
                      Contingencies                                                                                           61,000
             31 ---   TOTAL: CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT                                                                         365,000

                      TOTAL: BAYOU FOUNTAIN                                                                                4,760,000












                Risk and Uncertainty


                     A modified risk and uncertainty analysis was performed on
                calculated benefits and costs of the Tentatively Selected Plan.
                In general, statistical ranges used in this analysis were broad
                and were established primarily for the purposes of identifying
                the direction of change that may be expected due to known
                uncertainties. The single value estimates calculated above
                were, therefore, used as the basis for determining the ultimate
                cost-effectiveness of the plan.


                     Four items were identified as having potential major
                variance on the overall project's feasibility. These items and
                their estimated variance ranges are discussed below.
                Additional detail of the analysis can be found in the Economics
                Appendix H.


                          Stage Frequency Values.


                          Without project (existing) and with project
                          floodstage, frequency values directly affect existing
                          and with project calculated damage dollar values.
                          Variances on both existing and with project stages
                          were determined to be practicably within plus or
                          minus 0.5 feet for all storm frequency events, and,
                          for both without and with project conditions. See
                          Engineering Appendix C. Damage values were
                          recalculated incorporating this range. Applying the
                          results, it is estimated that without project flood
                          damages vary from minus $934,000 to plus $914,000
                          per year from the single value estimate. With
                          project flood damages are estimated to vary from
                          minus $627,000 to plus $883,000 per year from the
                          single value estimate. Note that it was determined
                          that there is likely to be a high correlation between
                          without and with project stage frequency variance.
                          This is due to the fact that the majority of the
                          project calls for only clearing and snagging which
                          will not significantly alter channel configuration.
                          A correlation factor of 0.75 was applied to this item
                          in the "risk analysis" calculations described below.




                                              290












                 Structure Elevations.


                 variances in structure elevations directly affect
                 both existing and with project calculated damage
                 dollar values. Within practical limits, structure
                 elevation variance was determined to be minus 0.5 to
                 plus 0.5 feet. The calculated dollar value variance
                 is minus $934,000 to plus $914,000 for existing
                 annual damages, and, minus $627,000 to plus $883,000
                 for with project annual damages. Note that there is
                 a direct correlation between existing and with
                 project variances. A correlation factor of 1.0 was
                 therefore applied to this item in the "risk analysis"
                 calculations described below.


                 Structure Valuations.


                 Variances in the estimate of structure values also
                 affect both existing and with project calculated
                 damage dollar value. Structure value variance range
                 is estimated at minus 10 percent to plus 10 percent
                 from the calculated single value. Damage values were
                 recalculated incorporating this range. Applying
                 these results, it is estimated that existing flood
                 damages vary from minus $226rOOO to plus $92,000 per
                 year. With project flood damages range from minus
                 $177,000 to plus $45,000.


                 Construction Costs.


                 Estimated variances in calculated quantities, unit
                 prices, constructability, and other factors were
                 considered in calculating the channe-1 construction
                 cost estimate. The calculated cost range is minus
                 $850,000 to plus $210,000 relative to the single
                 value estimate used for this item. Converting this
                 range to equivalent annual dollars yields minus
                 $85,000 to plus $21,000 per year.







                                      291










                        The above uncertainty spreads were integrated with the
                   single value estimates for existing annual damages, with
                   project damages and project costs. With the aid of "At Risk"
                   computer software, probability ranges were calculated. See
                   Risk Analysis calculations in Economics Appendix R. The
                   calculated probability distributions for project cost,
                   benefits, net benefits, and benefit-to-cost ratio are
                   illustrated in Figures 18 through 21.


                        The calculated expected values generated as compared to
                   the single value estimates were determined as follows:



                                              SINGLE VALUE         CALCULATED
                   (EQUIVALENT ANNUAL)        ESTIMATE             EXPECTED VALUE

                   PROJECT BENEFITS           $558,000             $376,000
                   PROJECT COSTS              $480,000             $464,000
                   NET BENEFITS               $ 78,000             ($88,000)
                   BENEFIT/COST RATIO            1.16                 0.81

                   PROBABILITY OF PRJECT          N/A                  29%
                     NET POSITIVE BENEFITS




                   These results show a substantial decrease in project benefits.
                   This decrease was due primarily to the high sensitivity of both
                   calculated existing and with project damages given a flood
                   stage frequency or structure elevation variance of plus or
                   minus 0.5 feet. This high sensitivity was not surprising given
                   the relatively flat floodplain area. These results do not,
                   however, appear indicative of the actual flooding situation in
                   this watershed. Survey verification of structure elevations
                   and actual flood damage data obtained in threerecent. floods
                   indicate that the single value estimate has a high degree of
                   confidence.















                                                    292


















                                         Figure 18
                                       Bayou Fountain
                                   Probability Distribution
                  ---------------------------------------------- --------------------------


                                       Expected Result: 4-64-

                  ---------------------------------------------- ----------





               6.6% --------------------------------------        ----------



               4.4% ------------------------------                ----------



              2.2%.--* -------------------                          ------



                 0%
                  375   392-5  410   427.5   445   462.5  480 497.5     515
                                Project Costs (Annual $1,000)

















                                                                          Figure 19
                                                                      Bayou Fountain
                                                                Probability Distribution
                                           ------------------------------ L -- -- - @.,  -----------------------------------
                                   15%                                    4
                                                                          I
                                                                  Expec@pd Result = 376

                                   12%   ------------------------         -----------------------------------------



                                   9.00%   ----------* --------                       ---------------------------------



                                   6%    -----------------                                -----------------------------



                                   3%    --------------                                      --------------------------
                                     0%                                                     IMMIM             i
                                         -50 81.25 212.5 343.75 475 606.25 737.5 868.75 1000
                                                                Project Benefits ($1,000)

















                                                         Figure 20
                                                       Bayou Fountain
                                                Probability, Distribution
                    15%      -----------------------------    ----------------------------------------
                                            Expected Re@ult.        -88
                    12%   -------------------  --------            --------------------------------



                    9.0074-1 -------- I------                     . ...............................



                    6%    -------------- I---*--                           ----------------------------



                    3%    -------                                                           ------------



                      0%
                         -550 -418.8-287.5-156.3 -25 106.25 237.5 36B.75 500
                                               Net Benefits (Annual $1,000)

















                                                                     Figure 21
                                                                  Bayou Fountain
                                                            Probability Distribution
                                 15%       -----------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                             Expected Result = .81

                                              -------------------     -------- ---------------------------------
                                 12%



                                 9.007, ------------------                       ---------------------------------



                                 6%   ---------------                                .............................



                                 3%   - -------                                                      --------------



                                   0%
                                     .0       .263      .525     .788      1.05 1.313 1.575 1.838               2.1
                                                              Benefit to Cost Ratio













         MITIGATION PLAN


              It was determined that combining the mitigation needs of
         the five tentatively selected-plans and developing an
         integrated mitigation plan was far more practical than
         developing a separate plan for each. Significant cost savings
         can be realized by acquiring and developing a minimum number of
         sites with their total combined acreage mitigating combined
         needs as opposed to acquiring and developing five sites with
         specific acreage in accordance with each tentatively selected
         plan.


              The mitigation plan recommended consists of acquisition
         and development of bottomland hardwood habitat upon 397 acres
         of land in East Baton Rouge Parish. This would be made up of
         the combined 282 acres of land located at a site in the
         northern part of the parish off Joor Road and 115 acres of land
         at a site in the southern part of the parish adjacent to a BREC
         park site in the Bayou Fountain area. See Plates 52 and 53.
         Locating mitigation sites in the metropolitan area and adjacent
         to these public parks will provide the opportunity for some
         public interaction and enjoyment of the areas. Such
         interaction can be accomplished by means of suitably designed
         nature trails.  Alternative sites may be used given the
         availability of the above sites and/or other site
         opportunities.  The estimated first cost of the combined
         mitigation plan is $2,072,000. Annual operation, maintenance,
         and replacement costs are estimated at $22,000 per year.


              An alternate mitigation plan was developed utilizing
         existing forested areas along Bayou Duplantier in the Ward
         Creek watershed. This plan calls for the preservation and
         maintenance, as well as reforesting of 115 acres of all
         available existing forest along Bayou Duplantier in combination
         with reforestation of 153 acres of existing open land along
         Joor Road. This plan requires a larger land purchase since
         more acres of "existing" forest are needed versus replanting
         open land to achieve mitigation needs. Also, land prices in
         the Bayou Duplantier area were determined to be significantly
         higher than the other proposed mitigation sites. . The
         combination of the above makes this plan approximately
         $2.5 million more expensive than the base plan above. This
         alternate plan, while suitable, was therefore not recommended.


                                       293










                Local interests have expressed a desire to preserve the Bayou
                Duplantier area as part of a nature park, of which this
                mitigation area can be an integral part. Should the local
                sponsor decide to use this area for project mitigation
                purposes, it will be acceptable. The local sponsor would,
                however, bear the full excess cost difference of $3 million.


                     Operation and maintenance would be the responsibility of
                the local sponsor. The Recreation and Parks Commission for the
                Parish of East Baton Rouge has indicated a definite interest in
                and willingness to assume responsibility of the day to day
                operation and maintenance of the areas. This organization
                would be a logical operator of the facilities. Maintenance
                includes continuous protection of the land and plantings.


                Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste (HTRW)


                     Through visual site survey, record review at various
                agencies, and discussions with knowledgeable personnel,
                significant sites were identified as possible or probable
                sources of HTRW contamination. Individual sampling plans will
                be developed, depending upon the suspected contaminant(s), to
                determine the nature and extent of contamination (see
                Appendix D for further detail). The local sponsor will bear
                the full cost and responsibility for remediation of any
                confirmed waste contaminated sites.


                Clean Water Act. A Section 404(b)(1) Evaluation has been
                prepared for the portions of each of the watersheds of the
                overall project for which materials would be deposited into
                waters of the United States. Project compliance with
                Section 404(r) requirements has been achieved, however, the
                District will pursue State of Louisiana Water Quality
                Certification, Section 401, instead. Application has been made
                to the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality for
                certification of the Tentatively Selected Plan for each of the
                watersheds.












                                               294













        PLAN IMPT   NTATION


        GENERAL


             The purpose of this section is to present pertinent
        information concerning the Federal and non-Federal
        responsibilities regarding cost apportionment and the diversion
        of responsibilities for construction and subsequent operation,
        maintenance, and rehabilitation of the project. Such cost
        apportionment is based on-Federal legislature and
        administrative policies. No institutional changes are
        necessary for plan implementation.


        SUMMARY


             A descriptive summary of each element of the Tentatively
        Selected Plan is shown in Table 95.










































                                      295

















                                                                                                   TABLE 95



                                                                                TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN SUMMARY
                                                                                                     (1"4$)



                                                                                                                  TOTAL EQUIVALENT
                                                                                                                  UNIFORM ANNUAL             CALCULATED TOTAL
                                                                                                  ANNUAL          (includes Interest lost    EQUIVALENT ANNUAL                BENEFTI` TO
                 ELEMENT DESCRIPTION                                              FIRST COST O&M COSTS            during construction)       BENEFITS                         COST RATIO


                 BLACKWATER BAYOU                                                 $21,690,000     $64,000         $2,149,000                 $4,037,000                       1.88


                 Earthen channel enlargement of the main stem of
                 Blackwater Bayou (above Frenchtown Road) and Its main
                 tributary; design to contain 10-year storm event
                 within bank; 13 miles total project length


                 BEAVER BAYOU                                                     $20,590,000     $64,000         $2,034,000                 $8,779,000                       4.32


                 Earthen channel enlargement of the main stem of
                 Beaver Bayou; design to contain 25-year storm event
                 within bank; 8 miles total project length


                 JONES CREEK                                                      $52,590,000     $67,000         $5,334,000                 $9,899,000                       1.86


                 Concrete lining of the main stem of Jones Creek (above
                 Jones Creek Road) and Its three main tributaries
                 Weiner Creek, and Lively Bayou; minimal channel clearing
                 and snagging of the main stem of Jones Creek below Jones
                 Creek Road; design to contain 50-year storm event within
                 bank; 19 miles total project length; Includes an 11-mile
                 bike path recreation feature







                                                                                                     TABLE 95 (CONTINUED)


                                                                                         TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN SUMMARY
                                                                                                                (1994$)



                                                                                                                                    TOTAL EQUIVALENT
                                                                                                                                    UNIFORM ANNUAL                CALCULATED TOTAL
                                                                                                                  ANNUAL            (includes Interest lost       EQUIVALENT ANNUAL BENEFTF TO
                  ELEMENT DESCRIPTION                                                           FIRST COST O&M COSTS                during construction)          BENEFTFS                       COST RATIO


                  WARD CREEK                                                                    $9,470,000        $76,000           $924,000                      $1,08s,000                     1.17


                  Minimal channel clearing and snagging of the main stem of Ward
                  Creek up to Corporate Blvd.; minimal clearing and snagging of
                  Dawson Creek up to Bayou Duplantler; concrete lining of North
                  Branch Tributary up to Interstate 12; 14 miles total project
                  total project length; designed to contain 10-year storm event
                  within bank (25-year event on North Branch Tributary)


                  BAYOU FOUNTAIN                                                                $4,760,000        $37,000           $480,000                      $ 558,000                      1.16


                  Earthen channel enlargement of Bayou Fountain between
                  Slegen Lane and Gardere Lane; minimal channel clearing and
                  snagging below Slegen Lane and above Gardere Lane up to
                  Ben Hur Rd.; designed to contain 10-year storm event within
                  bank; 11 miles total project length


                  COMBINED HABITAT MITIGATION                                                   ($2,072,000)      ($27,000)         N/A                           N/A                            N/A


                  Acquisition and development of bottomland hardwood habitat on                 (Mitigation costs
                  440 total acres of land on four sites In East Baton Rouge                     Included In the
                  Parish                                                                        above elements)


                  TOTAL PROJECT COSTS                                                           $109,100,000      $309,000          $10,921,000                   $24,358,000                    2.23


                  SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT













                DIVISION OF PLAN RESPONSIBILITIES


                FEDERAL RESPONSIBILITIES


                     The Federal government will be responsible for planning,
                engineering, design, and construction of the project in
                accordance with the applicable provisions of Public Law 99-662
                (WRDA of 1986).


                NON-FEDERAL RESPONSIBILITIES


                     a. Provide all lands, easements, rights-of-way, excavated
                material disposal areas, as may be determined by the Government
                to be necessary for construction, operation, and maintenance of
                all features of the project;


                     b. Accomplish at no cost to the Government all
                relocations and removal of (excluding railroad bridges and
                approaches thereto) including pipelines, cables, and other
                facilities including drainage facilities required by the
                construction of the project, and alterations of buildings
                determined by the Government to be necessary for construction
                of the project;

                     c. Provide during the period of construction a cash
                contribution equal to 5 percent of total flood control project
                cost;


                     d. Provide such additional amount necessary so that the
                total contribution of non-Federal interest for structural flood
                control features of the project is not less than 25 percent of
                the cost of the project assigned to structural flood control;

                     e. Provide during the period of construction a cash
                contribution equal to 50 percent of the total cost of the
                recreation features;


                     f. Hold and save the United States free from damages due
                to the construction, operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation
                of the project, except where such damages are due-to the fault
                or negligence of the United States or its contractors;




                                              298










              g. Assume responsibility for any legal liabilities
         resulting from transfer of water from one watershed to another;


              h. Assume responsibility for operating, maintaining,
         replacing, repairing, and rehabilitating the project or
         completed elements thereof including mitigation and recreation
         features without cost to the Government, in accordance with
         regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army;

              i. No less than once each year inform affected interests
         of the limitations of the protection afforded by the project;


              j. Participate in and comply with applicable Federal
         floodplain management and flood insurance programs;

              k. Publicize floodplain information in the area concerned
         and shall provide this information to zoning and other
         regulatory agencies for their guidance and leadership in
         preventing unwise future development in the floodplain and in
         adopting such regulations as may be necessary to prevent unwise
         future development and to ensure compatibility with protection
         levels provided by the project;

              1. Implement and enforce existing and required
         supplemental flood damage prevention ordinances in the Bayou
         Fountain watershed;


              m. Exact ordinances and promulgate regulations prior to
         initiation of construction to prevent construction and
         encroachment on the proposed project works that would reduce
         their flood-carrying capacity or hinder maintenance and
         operation, and control development in the project area to
         prevent an undue increase in the flood damage-potential;


              n.. Comply with the applicable provisions of the Uniform
         Relocations Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies
         Act of 1970, PL 91-646, approved January 2, 1971, in acquiring
         lands, easements, and rights-of-way for construction and
         subsequent operation and maintenance of the project, and inform
         all affected persons of applicable benefits, po@licies, and
         procedures in connection with said Act;





                                       299










                     o. Assume complete responsibility for the clean up of any
                hazardous material located on project lands and regulated under
                Federal, state, and/or local laws or ordinances including the
                Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
                Liability Act (CERCLA) and responsibility for operating,
                maintaining, replacing, repairing, and rehabilitating the
                project in a manner so that liability will not arise under
                CERCLA or other Federal, state, and/or local guidelines;


                     p. Comply with Section 601 of Title VI of the Civil
                Rights Act of 1964 (PL 88-352) that no person shall be excluded
                from participation in, denied the benefits of, or subjected to
                discrimination in connection with the project on the grounds of
                race, creed, or national origin;


                     q. Comply with Section 221 of PL 91-611, Flood Control
                Act of 1970, approved December 31, 1970, which provides that
                the construction of any water resource project by the Corps of
                Engineers shall not be started until the local sponsor has
                entered into a written agreement to furnish its required
                cooperation for the project;


                     r. Assure that construction and maintenance of any non-
                Federal flood control features do not diminish the flood
                protection provided by the authorized project plan.

                Construction Cost-Sharing Requirements

                     This project will be funded under terms of a single
                project Cooperation Agreement (PCA) with five separable
                elements, namely, the proposed projects for each of the five
                watersheds. Although the watersheds will be treated as
                separable elements, the overall plan is a comprehensive one for
                the study area. Cost-sharing will therefore be based on the
                overall plan; i.e., local sponsor credits in excess of the
                minimum on one watershed will be applied toward the minimum
                requirements of other watersheds. In accordance with Public
                Law 99-662 (Water Resources Development Act), November 1986,
                the local sponsor is responsible for providing 5 percent cash
                minimum plus all lands, rights-of-way, easements,._relocations,
                and disposal areas; all of which must total at least
                25 percent, but not more than 50 percent, of the total project



                                              300











         cost, less recreation features. Recreation features will be
         cost-shared independently on a 50-50 basis.

              Based on the above, local sponsor cost-sharing
         requirements were determined for the project. This cost
         breakdown, by feature and in 1994 dollars, is shown in Table 96
         (incremental estimate). Overall, the total project cost is
         estimated at $109,100,000 with a Federal share of 75% or
         $81,500,000 and a non-Federal share of 25% or $27,600,000.


         Construction Schedule


             Due to the overall project size, construction will be
         phased. watershed project schedule order was determined in
         consideration of the potential local sponsor's preference.
         Project construction schedules are shown in Table 97. In
         accordance with this schedule is the acquisition and
         development of mitigation sites which will be combined for all
         the projects. The proposed mitigation site acquisition and
         development schedule is shown in Table 98. Overall, the
         project construction will take 9 years and begin with land
         acquisition on Bayou Fountain in Fiscal Year 1997 and finish
         with completion of the fourth segment of the Jones Creek
         watershed in Fiscal Year 2005.































                                       301










                                                                  TABLE 96


                                                   TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                            Incremental Federal and Non-Federal Costs (X$1,000)



                                                                                                         Local
                                                                       Total            Federal       Sponsor
                                        Feature                        Cost             Cost             Cost


                        01 Lands and Damages                       $    5,660       $        93     $    5,567

                        02 Relocations                             $    4,204       $         0     $    4,204

                        06 Fish and Wildlife Facilities            $       232      $      232      $        0


                        09 Channels and Canals                     $    83,756      $   66,558      $    17,198 1/

                        14  Recreation Facilities                  $    1,136       $      568      $       568 2/

                        29  Project Cooperation Agreements         $         20     $        20     $        0

                        30  Planning, Engineering and Design       $    8,436       $    8,373      $        63 3/

                        31  Construction Management                $    5,656       $    5,656      $        0

                                                   Project Total   $-1-09,100       $@81,500        $--27-,600
                                                                                                         25,30%



                        Non-Federal Cash:
                          Recreation (50% of Total)                                                 $       568
                          Other (5% of Project W/O Recreation)                                      $    5,398
                          Additional Cash Required to Meet (Min) 25% Non-Fed Share                  $    11,863
                                       Total Non-Federal Cash.                                      $    17,829

                        Non-Federal LERRD's:
                          Lands, Easements, Rights-of-Way & Disposal Areas                          $    5,567
                          Relocations                                                               $    4,204
                                   Total Non-Federal LERRD's                                        $    9,771




                        1/ Non-Federal cash from 5% minimum cash, plus additional cash requirement, scheduled in 09 Feature
                        2/ Non-Federal 50% of Recreation Facilities must be cash
                        3/ First year (FY97) Non-Federal cash received after execution of PCA scheduled in 30 Feature.












                                            TABLE 97


                                 TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                              PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULES




           WATERSHED                                             FY          FY
           (CONTRACT-ITEM)                                       *START      COMPLETE


           BAYOU FOUNTAIN                                        1997        1999
             (ALL)


           WARD CREEK                                            1999        2002
             (ALL)


           JONES CREEK
             (I - LOWER JONES CREEK)                             1999        2002


             (2 - UPPER JONES CREEK)                             2002        2004


             (3 - LIVELY BAYOU AND TRIBUTARY)                    2003        2004


             (4 - WEINER CREEK)                                  2004        2005


           BEAVER BAYOU                                          2000        2003
             (ALL)


           BLACKWATER BAYOU                                      2001        2004
             (ALL)



              CONSTRUCTION PERIOD STARTS WITH LAND ACQUISITION


           SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT













                                               303










                  Construction Funding Requirements

                       In accordance with the above  construction cost-sharing and
                  phased schedule, project required  yearly construction costs, in
                  1993 dollars, are shown by year in Table 99 (incremental
                  estimate). Applying anticipated annual inflation rates to
                  these figures, inflated project construction costs are shown by
                  year in Table 100 (fully-funded estimate). This fully-funded
                  estimate is broken down by Federal and non-Federal cost share
                  in Table 101. -Overall, the total project cost, in inflated
                  dollars, is estimated at $143,000,000 with a Federal share of
                  75% or $107,000,000 and a non-Federal share of 25% or
                  $36,000,000.


                  Operation and Maintenance Funding Requirements

                       As stated above, the local sponsor must bear the entire
                  project annual operation and maintenance costs. Included is
                  all necessary repair, replacement, and rehabilitation of.all
                  project elements and features. In 1993, East Baton Rouge
                  Parish spent about $7,500,000 for operation and maintenance for
                  the drainage system parish-wide. Construction of proposed
                  channel modifications, recreation items, and mitigation site
                  developments will require additional operation and maintenance
                  funding. Table 102 lists required operation and maintenance
                  dollars for each watershed including recreational items, and,
                  the combined mitigation sites. The total additional system
                  annual operation and maintenance cost is estimated to be
                  $308,000 per year in 1994 dollars. This operation and
                  maintenance amount will not be fully needed until all projects
                  are completed. For all practical purposes, this additional
                  operation and maintenance would be uniformally phased in the
                  beginning from close to the end of the first--construction phase
                  to the end of the last. Table 103 illustrates this phase-in of
                  additional operation and maintenance costs and shows estimated
                  fully-funded (cost-inflated) values.











                                                  305














                                     TABLE 98


               MITIGATION SITE ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT SCHEDULE


                                                  ACQUISITION AND
         SITE LOCATION             ACRES          DEVELOPMENT START DATE




         Burbank Drive             115            2nd Half 2000
         Joor Road                 282            1st Half 2001


         Source: U.S.  Army Corps  of Engineers, New Orleans District




































                                        305
















                                                                                                             TABLE 99

                                                                     TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - COST SCHEDULE (INCREMENTAL)
                                                                                                                   Cost by Fiscal Year IX$1,000)
                                       FEATURE                   FY 95       FY 96      FY 97       FY 98      FY 99       FY 00      FY 01       FY 02       FY 03      FY 04       FY 05      TOTAL



                          01LANDS                                      0           0           557     638          126          48     1,478       2,813           0          0           0      5,860
                              NON-FEDERAL                              0           0           550     630           91          39     1,466       2,791           0          0           0      5,567
                              FEDERAL                                  0           0           7          8          35          9          12          22          0          0           .0         93


                          02 RELOCATIONS                               0           0           0          4            0         0      1,228       2,099        873           0           0      4,204


                          06 FISH & WILDLIFE FACILITIES                0           0           0          0            0         0           0           0       232           0           0         232


                          09 CHANNELS & CANALS                         0           0           0      1,060      1,099       1,339      8,147     12,636       22,920    26,872        9,683     83,756


                          14 RECREATION FACILITIES                     0           0           0          0            0         0           0       284         284          284        284      1,136


                          29 PROJ COOPERATION AGRIVINT                 0           0           0          5            0         2          13           0          0          0           0          20


                          30 PLAN, ENGR & DESIGN                     742         734           960     985       1,334       1,202      1,020        762         422          190          85     8,436

                          31 CONST MANAGEMENT                          0           0           0       180          185         150        698       897        1,423       1,425        698      5,656


                                   TOTAL PROJECT                     742         734       1,517      2,872      2,744       2,741      12,584    19,491       26,154    28,771       10,750    109,100




                                   TOTAL PROJECT
                                WITHOUT RECREATION                   742,        734       1,517      2,872      2,744       2,741      12,584    19,207 . 25,870 .      28,487       10,466    107,964
                           15% cash and 25% minimum Non-Federal cop utionarebasedon                 Project, xcluding creation. Recreation is cost-shared50%-50%.



                             CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
                                     (% BY YEAR)                                               3%@       2%@        3%@         3%@       10%@       15%@        25%@       29%@        111%@@    100%
                           ['Construction' for this purpose is everything but Non-Federal LERRD's and afl Recreation. Percent is % of Total and represents rate at which Non-Federal cash ispaid.
                            Non-Federal cash is not due until Project Cooperation. Agriamen,   is T ad.)









                                                                                                                                                                TABLE 99 (Continued)

                                                                                                    TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - COST SCHEDULE (INCREMENTAL)
                                                                                                                                                                        Cost by Fiscal Year lX$ 1,000)
                                                  Cost Breakdowns                              FY 95            FY 96            FY 97            FY 98            FY 99              FY 00         FY 01                         1 FY 03                 FY 04            FY 05          TOTAL


                                                  FEDERAL COSTS


                                    Construction                                                     742              734             769           2,114            2,098            2,055            9,345           13,529            20,358           21,351           7,837           80,932
                                        (Federal construction includes every ing but Non-Fed LERRDS, Non-Fed cash and all Recreation.)


                                    50% of Recreation                                                   0                  0               0                    0           0                0               0             142               142              142              142              568


                                                               Total Federal Cost                     742             734             769           2,114            2,098            21055            9,345           13,671            20,500           21,493           7,979           81,500



                                              NON-FEDERAL COSTS                              Adjustments to achieve rounded Non-Federal & Federal costs were made in the Non-FaderalAdditional Cash Requirements.
                                    LERRD*s                                                             0                  0          550               634 1             91 1             39 1        2,694           4,890 1               873                 0                   0       9,771
                                        (Non-Federal LERRD's are Lands,                      ements,            ts-of-We                                        .sal areas quired for roject con truction an mitigation.


                                    50% of Recreation                                                   0                  0               0                    0           0                0               0             142               142              142              142              568


                                    5% Minimum Cash Contribution                                        0                  0          135               124              146             151               545             788           1,371            11560                578           51398
                                        Non-Fed cash based on 5% of Tot                            ct, ex    luding Re        ation, and Daid at the rate of Construction Schedule [see                                t page of tablel.


                                    Additional Cash for 25% Min.
                                        25% X Cum. Proj. W/O Rec.                                                                     748           1,466            2,152            2,838            5,984           10,785            17,253           24,375           26,991
                                        Less Cumulative LERRD's                                                                       (550)         (1,184)          (1,275)          (1,314)          (4,008)         (8,898)           (9,771)          (9,771)          (9,771)
                                        Less Cumulative 5% Cash                                                                       (135)             (259)           (405)            (556)         (1,101)         (1,889)           (3,260)          (4,820)          (5,398)
                                        Less additional cash paid                                                                                       (63)              (63)           (472)            (968)            (968)            (968)         (4,236)          (9,812)

                                                                                                                                 ------------     ------------     ------------       -----------    ------------      ------------      ------------     ------------     ------------
                                                                               Subtotal                                                  63             (40)             409             496                (93)           (970)         3,254            5,548            2,010
                                                         Actual cash owed/paid                                                           63                     0        409             496                 0                 0         3,268 ,          5,576            2,051     11 11,863
                                                                                                                                              I                 I               I                I                                , (adjustments made for rounding)
                                        Non-Fed cash each year based on 25% of cumulative Total Project, excluding cumulative Recreation, /ass cumulative LERRD's, less cumulative 5% cash, endless y
                                        additional cash paid to date. It is paid at the rate to maintain a minimum Non-Federal cost-share of 25 % each year. Negative values                                                                  represent excess credit above the
                                        25 %minirnum, and negative sub to Isrepres tyearsin                                     ichLocal onsor will owe no additional cash.


                                    Total Non-Federal Cash                                              0                  0          198               124              555             647               545             930           4,781            7,278            2,771           17,829


                                                         Total Non-Federal Cost                         0                  0          748               758              646             686           3,239           5,820             5,654            7,278            2,771           27,600
                                                        Non-Federal 1AEY-ar                                                  1      25.0%1          25.7%            25.0%            25.0%            25.4%           27.4%             25.2%            25.2%1           25.3%.
                                                                                          J1                                                                                                                                                                                         J
















                                                                                                                 TABLE 100

                                                                       TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - COST SCHEDULE (FULLY-FUNDED)
                                                                                                                       Costs by Fiscal    ar (X$1,000)
                                        FEATURE                     FY 95      FY 96       FY 97 1 FY 98           FY          FY 00       FY 01       FY 02       FY 03       FY 04       FY 05       TOTAL



                          01LANDS                                         0           0         631         754        153          61       1,935       3,796           0           0           0       7,330
                              NON-FEDERAL                                 0           0         623         745        112          so       1,920       3,768           0           0           0       7,218
                              FEDERAL                                     0           0           a           9          41         11           15          28          0           0           0          112


                          02 RELOCATIONS                                  0           0           0           5            0           0     1,517       2,672        1,145          0           0       5,339


                          06 FISH & WILDLIFE FACILITIES                   0           0           0           0            0           0          0           0        304           0           0          304

                          09 CHANNELS & CANALS                            0           0           0      1,195       1,277       1,604     10,078      16,112      30,119      36,417      13,530      110,332
                                                                                                                                                         (these numbers contain projec    rounding)
                          14 RECREATION FACILITIES                        0           0           0           0            0           0          0         362        373         364          396      1,515

                          29 PROJ COOPERATION AGRMNT                      0           0           0           6            0           3         17           0          0           0           0           26

                          30 PLAN, ENGR & DESIGN                       774          797       1,088      1,164       1,642       1,527       1,336       1,029         587         272          126     10,342

                          31 CONST MANAGEMENT                             0           0           0         213        228          191         914      1,211        1,981       2,043       1,031      7,812

                                    TOTAL PROJECT                      774          797       1,719      3,337       3,300       3,388     15,797      25,182      34,509      39,116      15,083      143,000
                                    TOTAL PROJECT                      774   1      797       1,719  1   3,337  1    3,300  1    3,386  1  15,797      24,820   1  34,136   1  38,732   1  14,687   @ 141,485
                                 WITHOUT RECREATION
                            (5% cash and 25% minimum Non-Federal contribution are based on              Project, excluding Recreation. Recreation is cost-shared 50%-50%.


                              CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE                       I
                                      1% BY-YEAR)                         I 1           1        2%         2%1         3%1         3%1        10%1         14%1       26%1        30%1        11%11     100%
                            ("Construction' for this purpose is everything &             al LERRD's and aft Recreation, Percent is % of Total and represents rate at which Non-Federal cash is paid.
                             Non-Federal cash is not due until Project Cooperation A           t' -     d.)
                                                                                      n'&n Is To                                                                                        I       --JL---Jl








                                                                                                                                                                 TABLE 100 (Continued)

                                                                                                    TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN - OST SCHEDULE (FULLY-FUNDED)
                                                                                                                                                                          Cost by Fiecal"Year IX$ 1,0 0)
                                                  Cost Breakdowns                              FY 95             FY 96            FY 97            FY 98            FY 99            FY 00 1 Fy 01                        FY 02            FY 03            FY 04            FY 06          TOTAL


                                                   FEDERAL COSTS
                                        onstruction                                                   774              797             896           2,446            2,532 1 - 2,540-1 11,681                            17,368           27,051           29,116           11,041         106,242
                                        fFederal construction includes ever ing but                            -Fed LEARDS, Non-Fed cash and all Recreation.)


                                     50% of Recreation                                                   0                0                 0                 0               0                0               0             1811              187              192             198               758


                                                                Total Federal Cost                     774             797             896           2,446            2,532             2,540            11,681           17,549           27,238           29,308           11,239         107,000



                                               NON-FEDERAL COSTS                              Adjustments to achieve rounded Non-Federal & Federal costs were made in the Non-FederalAdditional Cash Requirements.
                                     LEFIRD's                                                            0                0            623 1             750              112 1              50          3,437 1          6,440 1          1,145 1                 01                0 11   12,557
                                        flVon-Faderal LERRD's are Lands, Ea ements,                             ts-of-Wa Relocations, and *                       sal areas quired for                   ct co truction an            mitigation. I


                                     50% of Recreation                                                   0                0                 0                 0               0                0               0             181              186               192             198               757


                                     5% Minimum Cash Contribution                                        0                0            149               141              177             184               679           1,012            1,804            21115               SOS            7,067
                                        Non-Fed cash based on 5% of To                             ct, ex ding Re              ation, and paid at the              te of Construction Schedule Isee                       t page o    table).


                                     Additional Cash for 25% Min.
                                        25% X Cum. Proj. W/O Rec.                                                                      823           1,657            2,482             3,328            7,278            13,483           22,017           31,700           35,371
                                        Less Cumulative LERRD's
                                                                                                                                       (623)         (1,373)          (1,485)          (1,535)           (4,972)          (11,412)         (12,557)         (12,557)         112,557)
                                        Less Cumulative 5% Cash                                                                        (149)             (290)           (467)            (651)          (1,330)          (2,342)          (4,146)          (6,261)          (7,067)
                                        Less additional cash paid                                                                                        (51)             (51)            (530)          (1,142)          (1,142)          (1,142)          (5,278)          (12,779)
                                                                                                                                  ------------     ------------      ------------    ------------        ------------     ------------     ------------     ------------     ------------
                                                                               Subtotal                                                   51             (57)             479             612              (166)          (1,413)          4,172            7,604            2,968
                                                         Actual cash owed/paid                                                            51                  0           479             612                  0                 0         4,136      1     7,501      1     2,840          15,619
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Icash reduced for rounding)
                                        Non-Fed cash each year based on 25% of cumulative Total Project, excluding cumulative Recreation, less cumulative LERRD's, less cumulative 5% cash, and less any
                                        additional cash paid to date. It is paid at the rate to maintain a minimum Non-Federal cost-share of 25 % each year. Negative values I ) represent excess credit above the
                                        25% minimum, and negative subto                          repress t years in              ich Local onsor will owe no additional cash.


                                     Total Non-Federal Cash                                              0                0            200               141              656             796               679           1,193            6,126            9,808            3,844          23,443


                                                         Total Non-Federal Cost                          0                0            823               891              768             846            4,116            7,633            7,271            9,808            3,844          36,000
                                                         Non-Federal % Sly,.Jrl                                      -1             25.0%1           25.9%1           25.0%1           25.0%1            25.6%1           27.8%1           25.2%1           25.1 %           25.2%
                                                                                                                                                                                                 prol










                                                           TABLE 101


                                              TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                       Fully-Funded Federal and Non-Federal Costs (X$1,000)



                                                                                                Local
                                                                Total           Federal      Sponsor
                                    Feature                      Cost           Cost            Cost


                      01 Lands and Damages                  $     7,330     $       112    $    7,218

                      02 Relocations                        $     5,339     $         0    $    5,339

                      06 Fish and Wildlife Facilities       $       304     $       304    $        0

                      09 Channels and Canals                $   110,332     $    87,697    $    22,635

                      14 Recreation Facilities              $     1,515     $       758    $      757

                      29 Project Cooperation Agreements     $        26     $        26    $        0

                      30 Planning, Engineering and Design   $    10,342     $    10,291    $        51

                      31 Construction Management            $     7,812     $     7,812    $        0

                                               Project Total$   143,000     $   107,000    $    36,000
                                                                                                25.17%



                      Non-Federal Cash:
                       Recreation (50% of Total)                                           $      757
                       Other (5% of Project W/O Recreation)                                $    7,067
                       Additional Cash Required to Meet (Min) 25% Non-Fed Share            $    15,619
                                   Total Non-Federal Cash                                  $    23,443

                      Non-Federal LERRD's:
                       Lands, Easements, Rights-of-Way & Disposal Areas                    $    7,218
                       Relocations                                                         $    5,339-
                                Total Non-Federal LERRD's                                  $    12,557




                      I/ Non-Federal cash from 5% minimum cash, plus additional cash requirement, scheduled in Featur
                      2/ Non-Federal 50% of Recreation Facilities must be cash
                      3/ First year (FY97) Non-Federal cash received after execution of PCA scheduled in 30 Feature.















                                                     TABLE 102


                        REQUISM PROJECT AmFa&L OPMWION, MAINTERANCE', AND EQUIVALENT
                                        AMMAL MCPIACM=T COSTS (1994



                                                 -MITIGATION          RECREATION
             WATERSHED            CHANNELS       SITES                ITEMS                 TOTAL


             BAYOU FOUNTAIN       $ 36,000       $ 1,000              $      0              $ 37,000
             WARD CREEK           $ 74,000       $ 2,000              $      0              $ 76,000
             JONES CREEK          $ 27,000       $ 6,000              $34,000               $ 67,000
             BEAVER BAYOU         $ 57,000       $ 7,000              $      0              $ 64,000
             BLACKWATER BAYOU     $ 58,000       $ 6,000              $                     $ 64,000


             TOTAL PROJECT        $252,000       $22,000              $34,000               $308,000



             .. PRORATED COSTS OF COMBINED MITIGATION    PLAN


             SOURCE: U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEER, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT




                                                    TABLE 103
                         TOTAL SYSTEM OPERATIONS AM MAINTENANCE* COST INCREASE
                                              FOR PROPOSED PROJECT



                                                     (1,000's)


             YEAR                 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006


             1994 $                 $35    $67 $102 $137 $170 $205 $239 $273 $308


             FULLY FUNDED $         $42    $84 $130 $180 $232 $288 $348 $411 $479
             (INFLATED)


             Includes all operation     and maintenance for channels, mitigation areas, bike
             paths, and new trees.      Operation and maintenance requireme       nts continue
             beyond 2006 at $308,000 11994 $).


                Includes all repair,     replacement, and rehabilitation of all project
                elements and features.


             Source: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District



             Preliminary Capability Statement

                    The City of Baton Rouge, Parish of East Baton Rouge, is
             the potential local sponsor for the recommended plan. The

                                                        311










                Department of Public Works will likely manage and maintain the
                channels and proposed bike path. The Recreation and Park
                Commission (BREC) will likely manage and maintain the proposed
                mitigation sites. See letters of intent, Exhibit 1. East
                Baton Rouge Parish proposes to finance their share of the
                project by means of either an ad valorem tax or sales tax, with
                or possibly without the sale of bonds. Their preferred plan is
                to utilize a sales tax without a bond issue. Their complete
                financing plan can be found in the Economics Appendix H.

                     This project does not qualify for a revision to the non-
                Federal cost-share for flood control based on estimated flood
                control benefits and costs and on application of guidelines
                published on flood control cost-sharing requirements under the
                Ability to Pay Provision; interim fund rule (Vol. 52, Federal
                Register Pages 35872-35692, 1989 to be codified at (33 CFR
                sections 241.1-.6)), implementing Section 103(m) of the Water
                Resources Development Act of 1986.



                SUMMARY OF COORDINATION, PUBLIC VIEWS, AND COMMENTS


                     The initial public meeting on the Amite River and
                Tributaries Study was held on October 30, 1984. At that
                meeting local interests expressed their views on alternative
                plans that were identified as being potentially feasible and
                should be studied in further detail.


                     Between 1984 and 1994, numerous meetings were held with
                representatives of Federal, state, and local agencies. The
                meetings provided forums to discuss the status and direction of
                the study. Very close coordination through telephone
                conversations and meetings was maintained with.-study locals and
                the potential project sponsor, East Baton Rouge Parish,
                Department of Public Works. Among the meetings that the Corps
                has participated in on this study include meetings with the
                Mayor of Baton Rouge, Metro Council Members of Baton Rouge,
                state legislators, City of Baton Rouge Chamber of Commerce,
                Amite River Basin Drainage and Conservation Commission, U.S.
                Fish and Wildlife Service, Louisiana Wildlife and.-Fisheries,
                East Baton Rouge Parish Department of Public Works, Recreation
                and Park Commission for the Parish of East Baton Rouge,
                Department of Natural Resources, Department of Environmental


                                               312











         Quality, Department of Transportation and Development, and
         Louisiana State University.

              Dates of recent major meetings are listed below.


         FEDERAL/STATE/LOCAL AGENCY/INTERESTED GROUP       DATE

         STATUS MEETING                               May 1992
         City of Baton Rouge Chamber of Commerce

         STATUS MEETING                               June 1992
         U.S. Senator J. Bennett Johnston
         Louisiana State Area Legislators
         Louisiana Department of Transportation
           and Development (DOTD)
         Amite River Basin Drainage
           and Conservation Commission (ARBDCC)

         MITIGATION AREA SELECTION MEETING            February 4, 1993
         East Baton Rouge Parish
           Department of Public Works (EBRDPW)
         Recreation and Park Commission
           of East Baton Rouge Parish
         Louisiana State University
         U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

         STATUS MEETING                               March 10, 1993
         Baton Rouge Metro Council

         COST-SHARING MEETING WITH POTENTIAL          March 12, 1993
           LOCAL SPONSOR
         Mayor of the City of Baton Rouge
         EBRDPW
         Louisiana DOTD

         STATUS MEETING                               March 30, 1993
         Citizens of Baton Rouge
         Council District 3

         STATUS MEETING                               June 10, 1993
         Citizens of Baton Rouge
         Council District 3












                                       313











                COST-SHARING MEETING WITH POTENTIAL          August 20, 1993
                  LOCAL SPONSOR
                Mayor of the City of Baton Rouge
                EBRDPW
                Louisiana DOTD

                COST-SHARING MEETING WITH LOCAL SPONSOR      August 14, 1993
                Mayor of the City of Baton Rouge
                EBRDPW


                COST-SHARING MEETING WITH LOCAL SPONSOR      September 1, 1993
                Mayor of the City of Baton Rouge
                Baton Rouge Metro Council
                EBRDPW


                STATUS MEETING                               September 7, 1993
                Citizens of Baton Rouge
                Council District 1

                STATUS MEETING                               September 14, 1993
                Citizens of Baton Rouge
                Council District 12

                FEASIBILITY REVIEW CONFERENCE                December 12, 1993
                EBRDPW                                       December 13, 1993
                Louisiana DOTD
                U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
  0             Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries
                Louisiana Department of Natural Resources

                STATUS MEETING                               April 12, 1994
                EBRDPW
                Mayor of the City of Baton Rouge
                Louisiana DOTD

                STATUS MEETING                               April 15, 1994
                EBRDPW
                Mayor of the City of Baton Rouge
                Louisiana State Area Legislators

                STATUS MEETING                               July 25, 1994
                EBRDPW
                Louisiana DOTD


                STATUS MEETING                               September 13, 1994
                EBRDPW
                Citizens of Baton Rouge
                Council District 3
                Louisiana State University



                                              314











         STATUS MEETING                                October 8, 1994
         EBRDPW
         Citizens of Baton Rouge
         Council District 3

         STATUS MEETING                                October 11, 1994
         EBRDPW
         Citizens of Baton Rouge
         Council District 12

         STATUS MEETING                                October 13, 1994
         EBRDPW
         Federation of Civic Associations


              The Amite River Basin Drainage and Conservation Commission
         was created by Act 896 of the 1981 Louisiana regular
         legislative session. The Commission is empowered by   the State
         of Louisiana to incur debt, issue bonds to secure funds, and
         expropriate lands to accommodate water resources projects. The
         Commission has had approximately 80 meetings since its creation
         in 1981. The Corps of Engineers has attended most every
         meeting and discussed study status and study results.


              The potential project local sponsor, East Baton Rouge
         Parish, Department of Public Works (EBRDPW), has been actively
         involved in the study. Numerous meetings, correspondence, and
         phone conversations have taken place with EBRDPW. They have
         contributed greatly in plan formulation and the development of
         accurate project cost estimates. EBRDPW has reviewed the
         preliminary draft cost-sharing agreement and has provided the
         Corps with a letter of intent indicating that the agency
         understands the responsibilities that are incumbent on the
         local sponsor and the agency intends to enter into a binding
         agreement with the Corps of Engineers at the  appropriate time.
         -Their letter of intent along with a resolution from the
         Metropolitan Council of the Parish of East Baton Rouge and the
         City of Baton Rouge, and, a letter of intent from the
         Recreation and Park Commission for the Parish of East Baton
         Rouge are contained in Exhibit 1.









                                       315






 0







 0                               EXHIBIT 1








                         Office of the Mayor-President

                         City of Baton Rouge
                         Parish of East Baton Rouge                             TOM ED McHUGH
                                                                                  Mayor-President
                         222 St. Louis Street
                         Post Office Box 1471
                         Baton Rouge, Louisiana
                         70821

                         504/389-3ioo


                                                            September 14, 1993




                        Colonel Michael Diffley
                        District Engineer
                        U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
                        Attention: CELMN-PD
                        P.O. Box 60267
                        New Orleans, Louisiana 70160-0267

                        Re:  Parisb of East Baton Rouge
                             Amite River and Tributaries
                             Flood Control Feasibility Study

                        Dear Colonel Diffley:

                             Historically the citizens of the City of Baton
                        Rouge and Parish of East Baton Rouge (City-Parish) have
                        experienced substantial flood damage whenever rainfall
                        runoff exceeded the capacity of the City-Parish's major
                        conveyance    channels.      The    City-Parisb      Government
                        appreciates this opportunity to assist the citizens
                        of East Baton Rouge Parish by participating in the above
                        captioned study.      By Metropolitan Council Resolution
                        No. 34360 dated September 8, 1993, a copy of which is
                        attached for your convenience, I have been authorized
                        to execute this letter indicating the City of Baton
                        Rouge and Parish of East Baton Rouge intends to be the
                        local sponsor for the East Baton Rouge Parish Flood
                        Control Program.

                             The Department of Public Works has reviewed the
                        tentatively selected plan included in the East Baton
                        Rouge Parish Flood Control Feasibility Study and the
                        Environmental Impact Study and based on these plans,
                        the City-Parish intends to be the local sponsor of said
                        plan.    The City-Parish of East Baton Rouge realizes
                        that if it becomes the sponsor it will be responsible
                        to make the necessary cash contributions; to acquire
                        the land, easements, rights-of-way; and- to operate,
                        maintain, and rehabilitate the project as needed after
                        completion of the initial project construction.             Both
                        the City   of Baton Rouge and the Parish of East Baton
                        Rouge are authorized by law to engage in cooperative
                        endeavors with the federal government, and the City-Parisb
                        intends to enter into a binding agreement with the federal
                        government at the appropriate time.









                    Colonel Michael Diffley
                    September 14, 1993
                    Page 2





                         On behalf of the members of the Metropolitan Council,
                    I wish to thank you and all members of your staff that
                    have worked on this project for reducing flooding in
                    East Baton Rouge Parish.

                                                    Sincerely,



                                                    Tom Ed McHugh
                                                    Mayor-President

                    TEM:gr
                    Attach.
                    CC: Honoroble Members of the Me"olitan Co
                                                               R;cil
                                                  IWA _TT,%_N -P




                                                                METROPOLITAN COUNCIL.

                                                                     SEP 8 1993



                 776                     RESOLUTION 34360              COUNCIL ADMINISTRATOR

                           AUTHORIZING THE MAYOR-PRESIDENT TO EXECUTE A
                           LETTER AGREEMENT OF INTENT TO BE THE LOCAL
                           SPONSOR FOR THE EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH FLOOD
                           CONTROL PROGRAM.




                           BE IT RESOLVED by the Metropolitan Council of the Parish

                 of East Batcn Rouge and City of Baton Rouge that the Mayor-

                 President, on behalf of the City of Baton Rouge and Parish of East

                 Baton Rouge, is hereby authorized to execute a letter agreement of

                 intent to be the local sponsor for the East Baton Rouge Parish

                 Flood Control Program, said letter being substantially in the form

                 as attached hereto and made a part hereof as though copied herein

                 in extenso.















              CERTIFIED
              A TRUE COPY

                  SEEP 13 1993


               COUNCE-gMINISTRATOR










                         Recreation and Park Commission
                         for the Parish of East Baton Rouge

                         3140 N. Sherwood Forest Drive
                         P. 0. Box 15887, Baton Rouge,    Louisiana, 70895                                                  EMWUTM No
                         Telephone (504) 272-9200
                         FAX (504) 273-64@
                           August 25, 1993






                           Colonel Michael Diffley
                           District Engineer, New Orleans District
                           U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
                           Fos! Office Box 60267
                           New Orleans, LA 70160-0267

                           RE:      East Baton Rouge Parish Flood Control Study
                                       Comite River Diversion Project

                           Dear Colonel Diffley:

                           'Me Recreation and Park Commission for the Parish of East Baton Rouge Parish (BREC) strongly
                           recommends that all mitigation areas for East Baton Rouge projects be located in this parish.

                           BREC has been working with the Corps and local officials on different issues, planning, recreation and land
                           areas, and operations. In the planning of the proposed flood control projects, land areas in the Parish have
                           been identified to the Corps (some adjacent to existing parks) for possible use as habitat mitigation areas.

                           Conservation of our natural resources for present and future generations is part of our System Master Plan.
                           This objective is most compatible with the required mitigation land development. '17herefore, the.BREC
                           Commission is very interested in expanding on discussion to the program and operation of this mitigation area.

                           The Commission recognizes the responsibilities of the local sponsor in operation and maintenance of atl
                           features, including mitigation, of the proposed project. The Commission is most interested in becoming the
                           agent of the local sponsor in carrying out the activities specifically for the mitigation features and fully intends
                           to carry out those activities at the appropriate time if so rcquested by the local sponsor.

                           Sincerely,



                           Eugene A. Young
                           Superintendent

                           WGP:agt

                           c:       Bill Wilson, Corps of Engineers
                                    Jerry Mier, DPW Engineer






                                   Winner of National Gold Medal Award for excellence in park and recreation administration






 *1W


















                          DRAFT
             ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT





















 0











                                                                      DRAFT
                                                 ENVIRONMENTAL EUPACT STATEMFNT
                                                     AN= RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES
                                                                   LOUISIANA
                                               EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH WATERSHED
                                                         FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT


                                                                FEBRUARY 1995


                           LEAD AGENCY: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District
                           COOPERATING AGENCY: Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development

                           ABSTRACT: A recommended solution has been developed for the flooding problems of
                           the East Baton Rouge Parish watershed, which is a sub-basin of the Amite River Basin
                           within southern Louisiana. The watershed consists essentially of the Baton Rouge urban
                           area. Major floods in recent years occurred in 1973, 1977, 1979, 1983, and 1990. The
                           1983 flood was the flood of record and caused damages of $65,000,000. Variations of
                           structural and non-structural alternatives were considered in early planning. Non-structural
                           alternatives considered in specific subdivisions consisted of buy-out or relocation of
                           structures subject to repetitive flooding, and raising structures. Late stage planning
                           consisted of the development of channel modification plans. Economically justifiable flood
                           control alternatives were developed for five basins within the parish. The basins are
                           Beaver and Blackwater east and north of the Comite River, and Jones, Ward, and Fountain
                           south of the Comite River. The Tentatively Selected Plan chosen for each basin was the
                           one that produced the greatest economic benefits over costs. A total of approximately 66
                           miles of channel would be modified. This consists of approximately 25 miles of minimal
                           clearing and snagging, 24 miles of earthen channel enlargement, and 17 miles of concrete
                           lining of channels. Recreation features consist of construction of 11 miles of bicycle paths
                           on the Jones basin which would also include plantings of trees. Aesthetic mitigation
                           features consist of plantings of trees or trees and shrubs along both sides of 29.4 miles of
                           waterways. Habitat mitigation is combined for the five basins and consists of acquisition
                           and reforesting of a total of 397 acres of open lands. The lands would be near existing
                           parks, as practical, within the parish and would be managed as wooded parks.
                           DATE:                                                  APR i 4
                           Please send your comments to the District Engineer by the date stamped above. If you
                           would like further information regarding this statement, please contact Mr. Bill Wilson,
                           U.S. Army Engineer District, New Orleans, P.O. Box 60267, New Orleans, Lo i iana.
                           70160-0267. Telephone: (504) 862-2527.

                           NOTE: Information, displays, maps, etc., discussed in the Feasibility Report are
                           incorporated by reference in the Environmental hnpact Statement.











                            1. SUNUMLARY


                            1. 1. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS AND FINDINGS


                            1.1.1. Purpose and Alternatives. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility
                            of reducing flood damages within the urban area of East Baton Rouge Parish.

                            1. 1.2. Rationale for Tentatively Selected Plan. The alternative selected as the Tentatively
                            Selected Plan within each basin is the plan with the greatest economic benefits over costs.

                            1.1.3. Environmental Losses. The most significant environmental losses would be the loss
                            of (1) the aesthetic appeal of wooded edges adjacent to streams traversing through the
                            otherwise brick and concrete of the city and (2) bottomland hardwood forest habitat
                            adjacent to the streams of the project area.

                            1. 1.4. Envi ronmental Features. Features are incorporated in the Tentatively Selected Plan
                            for each basin to mitigate the loss of bottomland hardwood forest habitat. Features to
                            mitigate aesthetic losses are also incorporated into each alternative.

                            1.1.5. Endangered Species. A request was sent to the U.S. Fish and WilMe Service
                            (USFWS) for informadon on endangered species regarding requirements for the project as
                            currently designed. The responding correspondence mentions the inflated heelsplitter and
                            the bald eagle, but indicates that the USFWS anticipates no adverse effect to the inflated
                            heelsplitter under current project design. The USFWS reports that the concern for the eagle
                            is for an inactive nest that has not been used since the 1990 mating season. Since inactive
                            nests are monitored for five years, they advise the District to contact their office prior to
                            contracting any work proposed within one mile of the existing nest to determine if the nest
                            is occupied. The draft Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act Report, Appendix F of this
                            document, dated June 1994, provides this same caution. A concern was voiced in 1990 by
                            the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Natural Heritage Program, for a
                            unique tract of old growth woodlands in the Ward Creek basin. -The design of the
                            Tentatively Selected Plan would not include construction in that area; therefore, the
                            identified tract would not be impacted.

                            1.1.6. Executive Order 11988. E.O. 11988, Floodplain Management, deals with
                              . . . .  9 or avoiding impacts associated with the base floodplain unless there is no
                            practicable alternative. Project implementation would result in the removal of
                            approximately 2,429 residencies from the 100-year floodplain. This removal would occur
                            essentially because of the reduction of stages within the basins that would be produced by
                            the 100-year storm. Stage reductions vary in different parts of the study area. No project
                            benefits were projected for the conversion of wooded lands to developed lands within the
                            100-year floodplain. Project benefits were confined to flood losses prevented to existing


                                                                         EIS-1










           residential and commercial development. They did not include any possible benefits that
           would occur to future developed areas with project implementation. Project impacts to
           those significant resources within the 100-year floodplain are discussed primarily within
           the sections on bottomland hardwood forests, aquatic resources, and socioeconomic
           resources. Public notice of possible Federal actions to be recommended within the
           floodplain was made at the public meeting of October 30, 1984, the Notice of Intent in the
           Federal Register on February 12, 1988, and the scoping announcement of March 4, 1988.


           1.1.7. Executive Order 11990. E.O. 11990, Protection of Wetlands, was considered in
           project planning. The decision to transport excavated material from Beaver Bayou,
           Blackwater Bayou, and Jones Creek watersheds to the city/parish landfill would
           significantly reduce adverse impacts to wetlands. Therefore, any plan included in the final
           array of alternatives, including the Tentatively Selected Plan, for those watersheds
           produces comparatively minimal effects on wetlands. Placing excavated material from
           Ward Creek and Bayou Fountain watersheds in Mississippi River levee borrow pits to just
           below the level of the surrounding batture would impact wetlands by changing an area of
           deep water area to a moist soil and shallow water forested wetland area.


           1.1.8. Clean Water Act/Section 404(b)(1) Evaluation. A 404(b)(1) Evaluation was
           completed for the applicable features of the Tentatively Selected Plan for each of the
           watersheds. Use of any selected disposal sites would not harm any endangered species or
           their critical habitat. Placement of the fill material (concrete, riprap, geotextile, or
           excavated material) for the Tentatively Selected Plan for any watershed would not be
           expected to result in significant violation of applicable Louisiana Water Quality Standards.
           The proposed discharge would not result in unacceptable adverse effects on human health
           and welfare, including municipal and private water supplies and aesthetics, recreational and
           commercial fishing, plankton, fish, shellfish, wildlife, and special aquatic sites. The life
           stages of aquatic life and other wildlife would not be adversely affected. Significant
           adverse effects on aquatic ecosystem diversity, productivity and stability, recreational,
           aesthetic, and economic values would not occur. On the basis of the guidelines, the
           proposed discharge sites for the Tentatively Selected Plan for each basin are specified as
           complying with the requirements of these guidelines, with the inclusion of appropriate and
           practical conditions to minimize pollution or adverse effects to the aquatic ecosystem.
           Application is currently under review by the Louisiana Department of Environmental
           Quality for State Water Quality Certification for the Tentatively Selected Plan of each
           watershed as described in this reporL


           1.2. HAZARDOUS, T03aC, AND RADIOACTIVE WASTES


           Hazardous, toxic, and radioactive wastes (HTRW) are of concern because of several
           statutes. One of the most, ff not the most, significant statutes from the standpoint of
           construction is the Comprehensive, Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability


                                                    EIS-2










                          Act (CERCLA). CERCLA addresses, among other things, the assignment of liability
                          regarding HTRW issues. Since liability for HTRW response is a cost that is to be born.
                          totally by the local sponsor, it is of obvious, concern to any potential sponsor. The HTRW
                          issue is discussed, not in the body of this statement but in Appendix D. The significance
                          of those materials, of course, is not from a positive, but from a negative value standpoint.
                          Appendix D contains records of occurrences within a large portion of East Baton Rouge
                          Parish of regulated and unregulated materials from several databases of different regulatory
                          agencies. Additionally, the appendix also presents observation records of a visual site
                          survey where construction is proposed on the different watercourses. The data collection
                          and surveys are to aid in establishing the requirements to implement the study objectives in
                          such a way as not to impact upon hazardous, toxic, and radioactive wastes. If such wastes
                          are found through future surveys of this nature, it is the intent to mitigate by avoidance or
                          to modify construction in sites where those wastes are considered to be potential problems.
                          Appendix D also includes a sensitivity analysis that identifies specific points of concern
                          regarding HTRW and potential impacts to plan formulation. The sensitivity analysis
                          includes a probability of HTRW occurrence within each watershed and the potential for
                          affect on project design. Additional HTRW investigations will be accomplished in later
                          preconstruction, engineering, and design studies.


                          1.3. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY AND UNRESOLVED ISSUES


                          There are no areas of controversy or unresolved isssues associated with the Tentatively
                          Selected Plan for any basin.


                          1.4. ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITW.NTS


                          A number of concerns have been raised during project planning that have resulted in
                          features being developed and included in the Tentatively Selected Plan. These concerns,
                          with the resulting commitments, are presented in Table. 1.




















                                                                    EIS-3














                                                                                 TABLE 1


                                                            ENVIRONNIENTAL COMMITMENTS
                                                     FOR THE TENTATIVELY SELEICTED PLAN
                                           EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH PROJECT, LOUISIANA



                       APPLICABLE          CONCERN                                      COMMITMENT                                        LOCATION
                       RESOURCE                                                                                                            IN EIS
                                                                                                                                          (Para. #)

                       Forestlands         Wildlife           For mitigation the sum of the losses of all watersheds,                     4.3.1.4.2
                                           habitat            approximately W acres of open land will be reforested
                                                              with several species of oaks (Nuttall, cherrybark, willow,                  and
                                                              and water), and pecan for mast production. Planting rdW
                                                              will be 300 seedlings per acre. Minimal numbers of                          Tables
                                                              boxelder and cottonwood will be planted for rapid growth                    4-6-1
                                                              and to provide individuals for injection for cavities for cavity            through
                                                              nesting species. Reforestation will be done on lands                        4-6-5
                                                              acoacent to local parks as possible for efficiency of
                                                              management Areas will be provided stewardshp to assure
                                                              the development of the habitat described. Approximately
                                                                   acres, or more it practical, would be planted a4acent
                                                              to BREC park facilities and the remainder would be planted
                                                              on an area near Joor Road.



                       Esthetics           Visual             Trees and shrubs would be planted along the respective                      4.3.1.3.1
                                           screen             waterways for the following miles: Jones - 4.25; Ward -
                                                              1.5; Fountain - 2.5; Beaver - 7.6; and Blackwater - 1 &5.


                       Cultural            cultural           Cultural resources studies w0l be completed in a             rdance         5.2.1.5.,
                       Resources           Resources          with the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as                     5.2.2.5 ...
                                                              amended, and in accordance with the schedule.                               5.2.5.5.


                       Recreation          Develop-           Bike path of approximately 11 rifles would be constructed                   4.2.1.3.
                       Resoumes            ment Plan          acWent to Jones Creek. Construction of path would
                                                              include the planting of hardwood trees approximately 25
                                                              feet apart on each stream bank.


                       Noise               Construct-         Construction will be accomplished only during daylight                      5.2.1.8.
                                           ion noise          hours.                                                                      5.2.2.8.
                                                                                                                                          5.2.3.8.
                                                                                                                                          5.2.4.8.
                                                                                                                                          5.2.5.8.


                       Commitment to be met by inclusion in the plans and specifications with subsequent transmittal to the field.










                                                                                        EIS-4











                                                                 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS


                              Title                                                                                            Page


                              1. SUMMARY          ................................................                             EIS-1
                                       1.1. Major Conclusions and Findings         ...........................                 EIS-1
                                       1.2. Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Wastes           ....................            EIS-2
                                       1.3. Area of Controversy and Unresolved Issues            ...................           EIS-3
                                       1.4. Environmental Commitments            .............................                 EIS-4


                              2. TABLE OF CONTENTS               .......................................                       EIS-5


                              3. NEED FOR AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY                        ........................              EIS-8
                                       3.1. Study Authority      .......................................                       EIS-8
                                       3.2. Public Concerns       ......................................                       EIS-8
                                       3.3. Planning Objectives      ....................................                      EIS-8


                              4. ALTERNATIVES            ...........................................                           EIS-10
                                       4.1. Plans Eliminated from Further Study          .......................               EIS-10
                                       4.2. Plans Considered in Detail       ..............................                    EIS-13
                                       4.3. Plan Implementation Responsibility        ........................                 EIS-19
                                       4.4. Future Conditions Without Project        .........................                 EIS-19
                                       4.5. Comparative Impacts of Alternatives          .......................               EIS-20


                              5. AFFECIED ENVIRONMENT \ ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS                                ..........        EIS-29
                                       5. 1. Environmental conditions       ...............................                    EIS-29
                                       5.2. Significant Resources     ..................................                       EIS-30


                                       5.2. 1. Jones Creek Basin     ...................................                       EIS-33
                                       5.2.1.1.  Agricultural Lands     ........     .........................                 EIS-33
                                       5.2.1.2.  Bottomland Hardwood Forest        .............................               EIS-34
                                       5.2.1.3.  Threatened and Endangered Species          .....................              EIS-39
                                       5.2.1.4.  Aquatic Resources      .................................                      EIS-41
                                       5.2.1.5.  Cultural Resources     .................................                      EIS-45
                                       5.2-1.6.  Recreation Resources       ...............................                    EIS-46
                                       5.2.1.7.  Aesthetic Resources      ................................                     EIS-47
                                       5.2.1.8.  Noise     ..........................................                          EIS-48
                                       5.2.1.9.  Vectors    ..........................................                         EIS-49
                                       5.2-1-10. Socioeconomic Resources         ............................                  EIS-50


                                       5.2.2. Ward Creek Basin       ...................................                       EIS-59
                                       5.2.2.1. Agricultural Lands      .................................                      EIS-59


                                                                               EIS-5










                                     2. TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)



         Title                                                                                           Page



                  5.2.2.2.  Bottomland Hardwood Forest         ..........................               EIS-59
                  5.2.2.3.  Threatened and Endangered Species          .....................            ElS-59
                  5.2.2.4.  Aquatic Resources       .................................                   EIS-60
                  5.2.2.5.  Cultural Resources      .................................                   EIS-61
                  5.2.2.6.  Recreation Resources       ................................                 EIS-61
                  5.2.2.7.  Aesthetic Resources     ................................                    EIS-61
                  5.2.2.8.  Noise    ..........................................                         EIS-62
                  5.2.2.9.  Vectors    .........................................                        EIS-62
                  5.2.2.10. Socioeconomic Resources         ............................                EIS-62


                  5.2.3. Bayou Fountain Basin       ................................                    EIS-66
                  5.2.3.1.  Agricultural Lands      .................................                   EIS-66
                  5.2.3.2.  Bottomland Hardwood Forest         ..........................               EIS-66
                  5.2.3.3.  Threatened and Endangered Species          .....................            EIS-67
                  5.2.3.4.  Aquatic Resources       .................................                   EIS-68
                  5.2.3.5.  Cultural Resources      .................................                   EIS-69
                  5.2.3.6.  Recreation Resources       ...............................                  EIS-70
                  5.2.3.7.  Aesthetic Resources     ................................                    EIS-70
                  5.2.3.8.  Noise    ..........................................                         EIS-71
                  5.2.3.9.  Vectors    .........................................                        EIS-71
                  5.2.3.10. Socioeconomic Resources         ............................                EIS-71


                  5.2.4. Beaver Bayou Basin         .................................                   EIS-76
                  5.2.4.1.  Agricultural Lands      .................................                   EIS-76
                  5.2.4.2.  Bottomland Hardwood Forest        ...................          ........     EIS-76
                  5.2.4.3.  Threatened and Endangered Species          .....................            EIS-77
                  5.2.4.4.  Aquatic Resources       .................................                   EIS-78
                  5.2.4.5.  Cultural Resources      ..................................                  EIS-79
                  5.2.4.6.  Recreation Resources       ................................                 EIS-80
                  5.2.4.7.  Aesthetic Resources     ................................                    EIS-80
                  5.2.4.8.  Noise    ..........................................                         EIS-81
                  5.2.4.9.  Vectors    .........................................                        EIS-81
                  5.2.4.10. Socioeconomic Resources         ............................                EIS-81







                                                          EIS-6










                                                         2. TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)



                              Title                                                                                          Page



                                      5.2.5. Blackwater Bayou Basin         ..............................                   EIS-87
                                      5.2.5.1.  Agricultural Lands      ..................................                   EIS-87
                                      5.2.5.2.  Bottomland Hardwood Forest         ..........................                EIS-87
                                      5.2.5.3.  Threatened and Endangered Species          .....................             EIS-87
                                      5.2.5.4.  Aquatic Resources       ..................................                   EIS-88
                                      5.2.5.5.  Cultural Resources      .................................                    EIS-89
                                      5.2.5.6.  Recreation Resources       ...............................                   EIS-89
                                      5.2.5.7.  Aesthetic Resources      ................................                    EIS-90
                                      5.2.5.8.  Noise     ..........................................                         EIS-90
                                      5.2.5.9.  Vectors    .........................................                         EIS-90
                                      5.2.5.10. Socioeconomic Resources         ............................                 EIS-91


                                      5.3. Cumulative Impacts        ...................................                     EIS-95


                              6. LIST OF PREPARERS             .......................................                       EIS-96


                              7. PUBLIC WVOLVEMENT                 ....................................                      EIS-97
                                      7.1. Public Involvement Program         .............................                  EIS-97
                                      7.2. Required Coordination / Compliance           .......................              EIS-97
                                      7.3. Draft Statement Recipients       ..............................                   EIS-99
                                      7.4. Public Views and Responses         .............................                  EIS-99
                                      7.5. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Recommendations            .............          EIS-101


                              8. LITERATURE CITED             ......................................                        EIS-104




















                                                                              EIS-7











          3. NEED FOR AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY


          3.1. STUDY AUTHORITY


          The study is part of the Amite River and Tributaries Study authorized by a resolution
          adopted April 14, 1967, by the Committee on Public Works of the United States Senate at
          the request of former Senator Russell B. Long and the late Senator Allen J. Ellender. Due
          to the complex nature of the flood problems, the feasibility phase studies were divided
          along hydrological and political boundaries to advance the study process. Seven
          watersheds were identifled as having the potential for Federal participation in flood control
          studies. This study focuses on the East Baton Rouge Parish basin and is an interim
          response to the authorizing resolution.


          3.2. PUBLIC CONCERNS


          The public is concerned about flooding within the urban portion of East Baton Rouge
          Parish. This flooding originates from excessive rainfall resulting in headwater and
          backwater overflow of the tributary streams of the Amite and Comite Rivers. From 1973
          to 1993, major floods occurred in the Amite basin. The maximum flood of record
          occurred in 1983 and caused an estimated $65,200,000 in damages in East Baton Rouge
          Parish. The loss of bottomland hardwood habitat and urban green spaces is also of

          concern.


          3.3. PLANNING OBJECTIVES


          The following planning objectives were developed by the interdisciplinary study team and
          guided the study process:

                 - Reduce flood damages associated with headwater and backwater flooding of
          tributary streams in East Baton Rouge Parish.

                 - Minimize streambank erosion in areas where channel modiflcations are required-

                 - Minimize significant adverse environmental impacts associated with the
          implementation of flood control measures.


                 - Minimize, to the greatest extent possible, the destruction of archeological and
          historical resources.


                   Minimize particularly the loss of bottomland hardwood forests, or if not possible,
          mitigate those losses "in-kind" to the extent possible.



                                                   EIS-8










                                   - Accomplish all mitigation activities within East Baton Rouge Parish.

                                   - Incorporate, to the greatest extent justifiable, recreation measures in flood control
                           plans.


                                   - Incorporate, to the greatest extent possible, aesthetic mitigation measures in
                           project design.














































                                                                       EIS-9












          4. ALTERNATIVES


          4.1. GENERAL. Seven watersheds within East Baton Rouge Parish were studiecL These
          include Beaver and Blackwater bayous north and east of the Comite River, Jones Creek,
          Clay Cut Bayou, Ward Creek, Bayou Fountain, and Bayou Manchac south of the Comite
          River and within the central and southern portion of the urban area. Numerous structural
          and non-structural alternatives were evaluated for each watershed. Economically justifiable
          alternatives were developed for Beaver and Blackwater Bayous, Jones Creek, Ward Creek,
          and Bayou Fountain. No economically justifiable plans were identified for Clay Cut
          Bayou or Bayou Manchac.


          4.2. PLANS ELEVIINATED FROM FURTBER STUDY


          4.2.1. Jones Creek basin


          4.2.1.1. Plan JCCL-P2. Concrete fined 25-Yr main stem plus tributaries. This alternative
          was not economically justified.

          4.2.1.3. Plan JCCL-P4. Concrete lined 25-Yr main stem only. Not economically
          justified.


          4.2.2. Ward Creek basin


          4.2.2.1. Plan WCC-Pl. Concrete lined 25-Yr main stem only. Not economically justified.

          4.2.2.2. Plan WCC-P2. Concrete lined 50-Yr main stem only. Not economically justified.

          4.2.2.3. Plan WCC-P3. Concrete lined 100-Yr main stem only. Not economically
          justified.

          4.2.2.4. Plan WCC-P4. Concrete lined 25-Yr main stem plus Dawson Creek and North
          Branch Ward Creek. Not economically justified.

          4.2.2.5. Plan WCC-P4A6. Concrete lined. Not economically justified.

          4.21.6. Plan WCC-P5. Concrete lined 25-Yr main stem plus tributaries. Not
          economically justified.

          4.2.2.7. Plan WCC-P6. Concrete lined 50-Yr main stem plus tributaries. Not
          economically justified.





                                                   EIS-10










                               4.2.3. Bayou Fountain basin

                               4.2.3.1.  Plan BF-25A. Earthen channel 25-Yr. Not economically justified.

                               4.2.3.2.  Plan BF-25B. Earthen channel 25-Yr. Not economically justified.

                               4.2.3.3.  Plan BF-25C. Concrete-lined channel 25-Yr. Not economically justified.

                               4.2.3.4.  Plan BF-50. -Earthen channel 50-Yr. Not economically justified.

                               4.2.3.5.  'Plan BF-50C. Concrete-lined channel 50-Yr. Not economically justified.

                               4.2.3.6.  Plans BFPS 300, 600, and 900. Pump station with 300, 600, and 900 cubic feet
                               per second (cfs) capacity and each including associated barrier levee. Not economically
                               justified.

                               4.2.3.7. Plans UBF350A and B. Pump station located on Upper Bayou Fountain with and
                               without flow diversion to the Mississippi River. Not economically justified.

                               4.2.3.8. MEADRL and BRURC. Ring levees around Meadow Bend and Highland Park
                               Subdivisions. Not economically justified.

                               4.2.3.9. BUYOUT 10 and 25. Buyout of properties in the 10 and 25 year floodphtins.
                               Not economically justified.

                               4.2.3. 10. Various combinations. Not economically justified.


                               4.2.4. Beaver Bayou basin

                               4.2.4. Plan Preliminary BBN-Pl.. Channel enlargement of 7.8 miles on Beaver Bayou and
                               3.7 miles on two tributaries (10-year design). Discharge of tributaries does not meet
                               requirements for Federal participation.

                               4.2.5. Plan Preliminary BBN-P2., Channel enlargement of 7.8 miles on Beaver Bayou and
                               3.7 miles on two tributaries (25-year design). Discharge of tributaries does not meet
                               requirements for Federal participation.

                               4.2.6. Plan Preliminary BBN-P3 Channel enlargement of 7.8 miles on Beaver Bayou and
                               3.7 miles on two tributaries (50-year design). Discharge of tributaries does not meet
                               requirements for Federal participation.





                                                                               EIS-11










          4.2.4. Plan BBC-P7. Minimal concrete lined main stem plus tributaries. Comparatively
          weak economic justification.

          4.2.4. Plan BBC-P8. Minimal concrete lined main stem only. Comparatively weak
          economic justification.

          4.2.5. Blackwater Bayou basin

          4.2.5.1. Plan BW-Pl. Earthen channel 10-Yr main stem only. Not economically justified.

          4.2.5.2. Plan BW-P3. Earthen channel 25-Yr main stem only. Not economically justified.

          4.2.5.3. Plan BW-P5. Concrete lined 10-Yr main stem only. Not economically justified.

          4.2.5.4. Plan BW-P6. Concrete lined 10-Yr main stem plus tributaries. Not economically
          justified.


          4.2.5.5. Plan Prehninary BW-P2. Channel enlargement of 8.8 miles on Blackwater Bayou
          and 6.7 miles on two tributaries (10-year design). Discharge on one of the tributaries does
          not meet requirements for Federal participation.

          4.2.5.6. Plan Preliminary BW-P4. Channel enlargement of 8.8 miles on Blackwater
          Bayou and 6.7 miles on two tributaries (25-year design). Discharge on one of the
          tributaries does not meet requirements for Federal participation.

          4.2.6. Clay Cut Bayou b

          4.2.6. 1. Plan A. 25 Year concrete-lined channel. Not economically justified.

          4.2.6.2. Plan B. Backwater control structure and barrier levee. Not economically
          justified.

          4.2.6-3. Plan C. Earthen channeL Not economically justified.

          4.2.7. Bayou Manchac basin. Pump station and barrier levee. Not economically
          justified.


          4.2.8. Non-Structural Alternatives


          Non-structural alternatives considered consisted of floodplain management, floodproofing
          of structures, raising structures in place, building smaU earthen levees of floodwalls,
          construction of small-scale ring levees around smaller areas or subdivisions, buy-out or


                                                   EIS-12










                            relocation of stracwres subject to repetitive flooding, and public acquisition of floodplain
                            land. Although non-structur-al alternatives address the planning objectives reflecting
                            concern for the environment, they did not address the flood damage reduction objective
                            sufficiently to retain them for late-stage planning.


                            4.3. PLANS CONSIDERED IN DETAIL


                            General. Table 4-1 displays a concise summary with pertinent information of the plans
                            considered in detail within the different watersheds.


                            4.3.1. Jones Creek basin


                            4.3. 1. 1. Plan JCCL-Pl. The proposed plan for Jones Creek consists of widening
                            approximately 18 miles of channel designed to convey in excess of a 25-year storm event
                            within stream banks. Improvements on the main stem of Jones Creek are proposed from
                            its mouth upstream to Lobdell Road. Also included are proposed improvements to the
                            creek's two main tributaries as well as one sub-tributary. Proposed improvements to
                            Weiner Creek begin at its confluence with Jones Creek and proceed upstream to Cedar
                            Crest Avenue. Proposed improvements to Lively Bayou begin at its Jones Creek
                            confluence and extend upstream to its crossing with the Illinois Central Railroad.
                            Proposed improvements to the Lively Bayou Tributary begin at its confluence with Lively
                            Bayou upstream and extend to Tanis Drive (see Plates 16 and 44).

                            The proposed channel design calls for a five foot bottom width with 3:1 sloped banks.
                            Both the channel bottom and banks are to be lined with concrete. This design remains
                            constant for all of the above-listed channel reaches with the exception of the most
                            downstream segment of Jones Creek. In this reach, from its mouth to Jones Creek Road,
                            only channel clearing and snagging is proposed. Excavated material for this and all other
                            alternatives within this watershed would be hauled to a city/parish landfill for disposal.
                            Required operation and maintenance (O&M) for the channels consists of continuous
                            inspection and debris removal, annual herbicide application on earthen channels, and
                            pavements repairs as necessary. Clearing and snagging will be performed where necessary
                            every 5 to 10 years maximizing the use of hand-held equipment. Herbicide application
                            would be conducted in accordance with guidelines of the Environmental Protection Agency
                            (see Appendix E, Section 7). Maintenance of the recommended combined project
                            mitigation areas for the tentatively selected plans would include protection of the land and
                            plantings to achieve the habitat value projected.

                            4.3.1.2. Plan JCCL-P3. This plan for Jones Creek consists of widening approximately
                            12 miles of channel designed to convey in excess of a 10-year storm event within stream
                            banks. Improvements on the main stem of Jones Creek are proposed from its mouth
                            upstream to Lobdell Road. No work is proposed for the tributaries. The proposed channel


                                                                        EIS-13










           design calls for a five foot bottom width with 3:1 sloped banks. Both the channel bottom
           and banks are to be lined with concrete. This design remains constant except for the most
           downstream segment of Jones Creek. In this reach, from its mouth to Jones Creek Road,
           only channel clearing and snagging is proposed. Required O&M would be similar to Plan
           JCCL-Pl.


           4.3.1.3. Recreation Development Plan. A recreational bike path would be a feature of any
           alternative considered within this watershed. The western fork of the Jones Creek bicycle
           path begins at Cuyhanga Parkway traversing the western stream bank in a southerly
           direction for approsimately 5 miles. At the convergence of Weiner Creek, the path would
           turn west along the northern bank of Weiner Creek for approximately one mile and end at
           South Sherwood Forest Boulevard near Lake Sherwood Avenue North. The northern
           segment of the center leg of the path would begin on the western bank of Lively Bayou
           Tributary at Tanis Avenue. This portion of the path would extend approximately two
           miles south and adjoin the Lively Bayou eastern leg near Woodcliff Street. The northern
           beginning of the Lively Bayou eastern leg would begin at the dead end of Wallis Street
           and extend south for approximately 2.5 miles. A steel and wooden bridge, 10 by 50 feet,
           would be installed on the western side of Lively Bayou facilitating the crossing of Lively
           Bayou Tributary at its terminus with Lively Bayou. At that point, the path would continue
           on the western bank of Lively Bayou. At Old Hammond Highway, the path would
           continue on the northern right-of-way of the highway. A steel and wooden bridge, 10 by
           150 feet, would be placed along this right-of-way crossing Jones Creek connecting the
           Lively Bayou path to the western side of the Jones Creek path. Tree planting would be
           included.           graphically illustrates the bike path route. Dots represent the project
           bike path and di@i@s delineate the proposed street connector routes that contribute to a
           "riding circuit". The total length of the outer perimeter is 14 miles. The plan would also
           include any necessary operation, maintenance, and replacements.

           4.3-1.4. Mitigation Measures to mitigate both aesthetic and habitat losses for Jones Creek
           basin and all other basins were developed. Planning and plans are described below.

           4.3.1.4.1. Aesthetic mitigation. Aesthetic mitigation has been developed for each of the
           alternatives for each of the basins. The loss of top-of-bank trees and shrubs will be
           mitigated on site by replacement with similar vegetation. The Jones Creek plan, as well as
           the plans for Ward Creek and Bayou Fountain basins, consists of replanting both hardwood
           trees and shrubs with a spacing of 25 and 15 feet, respectively, for a total of 402 and 704
           units per mile. Plantings would be done on both sides of the channels. However, the
           plans for the Beaver and Blackwater basins would consist of planting hardwood trees only.
           The Jones, Ward, and Fountain basins are in heavily populated urban environments,
           whereas Beaver and Blackwater basins are in rural areas. This rural versus urban project
           setting determines the extent of replacement vegetative plantings. The, rationale for this
           planting scheme is that the losses are more significant simply because of the nurn       of


                                                       EIS-14















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                                                                                                   JONES CREEK RECREATION PLAN


                                                                                                                    999610*0                              Project bike path, 11 miles
                                                                                                                                                          Street connector route (non-project)





                                                                                                                                                      Scale. 1.5"                    1.0 Me"
                                                                                                                                                                     Figure

                                                                                                                                                                      EIS-15










           visual observations lost in an urban setting when compared to a sparsely populated rural
           site. Since potential significant aesthetic losses are greater in urban areas, more intense
           and immediate mitigative planting is required in these areas. However, population density
           in rural areas is low; therefore, potential aesthetic losses are not as great and are less in
           intensity than in urbanized areas. Open farm lands and more expansive wooded tracts
           dominate the rural areas; therefore, only hardwood trees will be planted along these
           impacted stream banks. Linear miles of tree/shrub aesthetic mitigation for the individual
           Tentatively Selected Plans are 4.25, 1.5, 2.5, 7.6, and 13.5, for the Jones, Ward, Fountain,
           Beaver, and Blackwater basins, respectively. Appendix E, Section 2 explains the details of
           the aesthetic plan.

           4.3.1.4-2. Habitat mitigation Habitat mitigation needs for the Tentatively Selected Plan
           for the Jones Creek basin and all other basins were summed to produce the total need for
           all. The total plan, therefore, is made up of the mitigation needs of all basins and the plan
           for the Tentatively Selected Plan for any basin can be allocated according to the individual
           mitigation need. The plan consists of creating bottomland hardwood habitat on lands
           expected to remain, if the project were not to be implemented, in an open or unforested
           status. The combined mitigation plan is to acquire and reforest by planting approximately
           397 acres of open land. Lands adjacent to, or nearby, as practical, land owned and
           operated, by the Recreation and Park Commission for the Parish of East Baton Rouge
           (BREQ would be a priority for acquisition and management. Since all of the mitigation
           needs could not be compensated cost effectively in this manner, the residual needs would
           be compensated by the acquisition and reforesting by planting another open area(s) located
           off Joor Road and near Highway 64 (or as available). Approximately 115 acres would be
           acquired and reforested near BREC facilities and approximately 282 residual acres would
           be located at the other site(s) (see Figures 52 and 53). Fencing of the area would be
           required. Stewardship of the area would be required to see that the planted trees are
           protected and to achieve the habitat value projected. The plan would also include
           operation and maintenance as well as any necessary replacements. Perimeter fencing
           would require replacements. The lands required for the individual Tentatively Selected
           Plans are 99, 28, 21, 122, and 127 acres, for the Jones, Ward,. Fountain,-Beaver, and
           Blackwater basins, respectively. Acreages required for mitigation for any other plans are
           presented in Tables 4-5-1 through 4-5-5. Mitigation is a component of each alternative
           within the final array.


           4.3.2. Ward Creek basin


           4.3.2. 1. Plan JCCL-P4A5. The proposed alternative would provide approximately the
           10-year level of protection and includes minimal clearing and snagging of the main stem
           of Ward Creek from its mouth to its termination just above Corporate Boulevard not
           including the newly enlarged and relocated section between Pecue and Siegen Lanes (see
           Plate 45). Also included is minimal clearing and snagging of Dawson Creek from its


                                                        EIS-16









                           mouth to its confluence with Bayou Duplantier just above Kenilworth Blvd. Also included
                           is concrete fining of North Branch of Ward Creek between, and including, Interstate
                           Highway 10 (1-10) to Interstate Highway (1-12) with a design channel section consisting of
                           a 32-foot bottom width and 1V on 3H side slopes. Finally, an existing paved section in
                           this reach of approximately 1,250 feet shall remain. No work on this tributary above 1-12
                           is proposed. Although the work consists entirely of concrete fining or clearing and
                           snagging, there may be some excavated material. Any excavated earthen material, trees,
                           and stumps would be hauled to nearby borrow sites on the batture of the Mississippi River
                           that have been created by obtaining materials for levee upgradings in recent years. Any
                           other refuse would be hauled to the city/parish landfill. Required O&M. for the channels
                           consists of continuous inspection and debris removal, annual herbicide application, and
                           pavements repairs as necessary. Clearing and snagging will be performed where necessary
                           every 5 to 10 years maximizir@g the use of hand-held equipment. Herbicide application
                           would be conducted in accordance with guidelines of the Environmental Protection
                           Agency. Maintenance of the recommended combined project mitigation areas for the
                           tentatively selected plans would include protection of the land and plantings to achieve the
                           habitat value projected.

                           4.3.3. Bayou Fountain basin

                           4.3.3.1. Plan BF-10A. This plan for Bayou Fountain consists of clearing and or widening
                           approximately 11 miles of channel designed to convey a 10-year storm event within stream
                           banks. Improvements are proposed from the bayou's mouth upstream to Stoney Creek
                           Avenue. The proposed channel design calls for clearing and snagging only for the entire
                           reach with the exception of a section between Seigen and Gardere Lanes. In this reach,
                           channel widening is proposed and consists of a 50-foot bottom width with 3:1 sloped
                           banks. It is proposed that improvements be made to one major obstruction, a 60-inch
                           sewer main crossing located at Mile 53.8 (approximately 1,000 feet upstream of Gardere
                           Lane near Stoney Creek Avenue). The proposed design calls for the construction of a
                           concrete "U-channel" with a 50-foot bottom width. Any excavated earthen material, trees,
                           and stumps for this or any other alternative for this watershed -would be hauled to nearby
                           borrow sites on the batture of the Mississippi River that have been created by obtaining
                           materials for levee upgradings in recent years. Any other refuse would be hauled to the
                           city/parish landfill. Required O&M for the channels consists of continuous inspection and
                           debris removal, annual herbicide application, and clearing and snagging where necessary
                           every 5 to 10 years maximizing the use of hand-held equipmem Herbicide application
                           would be conducted in accordance with guidelines of the Environmental Protection
                           Agency. Maintenance of the recommended combined project mitigation areas for the
                           tentatively selected plans would include protection of the land and plantings to achieve the
                           habitat value projected.





                                                                      EIS-17









           4.3.3.2. Plan BF-10B. The proposed plan for Bayou Fountain consists of clearing and or
           widening approximately 11 miles of channel designed to convey a 10-year storm event
           within stream banks. Improvements are proposed from the bayou's mouth upstream to
           Ben Hur Road (see Plate 46). The proposed channel design calls for clearing and snagging
           only for the entire reach with the exception of a section between Seigen and Gardere
           Lanes. In this reach, channel widening is proposed and consists of a 50-foot bottom width
           with 3:1 sloped banks. It is proposed that improvements be made to one major
           obstruction, a 60-inch sewer main crossing located at Mile 53.8. The proposed design
           calls for the construction of a concrete 'U-channel" with a 50-foot bottom width.
           Excavated material disposal and required O&M would be similar to Plan BF-10A.

           4.3.4. Beaver Bayou basin

           4.3.4.1. Plan BBN-Pl. This plan for Beaver Bayou consists of widening approximately
           7.8 miles of channel designed to convey a 10-year storm event within stream banks.
           Modifications are proposed from Frenclitown Road, where recent improvements are in
           place from this point to the mouth of the bayou, upstream to Hubbs Road. The proposed
           channel design is earthen with 3.5:1 bank slopes. In order to control erosion, banks are
           proposed to be protected with a geosynthetic mat. R-90 stone would hold the mat in place.
           Design bottom widths vary for each reach. Required O&M for the channel consists of
           continuous inspection and debris removal, annual herbicide application, and clearing and
           snagging. Clearing and snagging would be performed where necessary every 5 to 10 years
           maximizing the use of hand-held equipment. Herbicide application would be conducted in
           accordance with guidelines of the Environmental Protection Agency. Maintenance of the
           recommended combined project mitigation areas for the tentatively selected plans would
           include protection of the land and plantings to achieve the habitat value projected.

           4.3.4.2. Plan BBN-P2. The proposed plan for Beaver Bayou consists of widening
           approximately 7.8 miles of channel designed to convey a 25-year storm event within
           stream banks. As with Plan BBN-P1, modifications are proposed from Frenchtown Road,
           upstream to Hubbs Road (see Plate 42). The proposed channel design is earthen with 3.5:1
           bank slopes. In order to control erosion, banks are proposed to be protected with a
           geosynthetic mat. Design bottom widths vary for each reach. Required O&M would be
           similar to Plan BBN-Pl.


           4.3-4.3. Plan BBN-P3. This alternative would be the same as Plan BBN-Pl, except it
           would be constructed to provide a 50-year level of protection.

           4.3.5. Blackwater Bayou basin

           4.3.5. 1. Plan BW-P2. Tle proposed plan for Blackwater Bayou consists of widening
           approximately 13.4 miles of channel designed to convey a 10-year storm event within


                                                     EIS-18










                          stream banks. Irnprovements on the main stem of Blackwater Bayou are proposed from
                          Hooper Road upstream to Highway 64 (Greenwell Springs Road). Minor actions may be
                          necessary on the segment from the mouth to Hooper Road. Also included are proposed
                          improvements to the bayou's main tributary. Proposed widening of Tributary 1 begins
                          from its confluence with Blackwater Bayou upstream to McCullough Road (see
                          Plate 42). The proposed channel design is earthen with 3.5:1 bank slopes. In order to
                          control erosion, banks are proposed to be protected with a geosynthetic mat. Design
                          bottom widths vary for each reach. Required O&M for the channels consists of continuous
                          inspection and debris removal, annual herbicide application, and clearing and snagging.
                          Clearing and snagging will be performed where necessary every 5 to 10 years maximizing
                          the use of hand-held equipment. Herbicide application would be conducted in accordance
                          with guidelines of the Environmental Protection Agency. Maintenance of the
                          recommended combined project mitigation areas for the tentatively selected plans would
                          include protection of the land and plantings to achieve the habitat value projected.

                          4.3.5.2. Plan BW-P4. This plan for Blackwater Bayou consists of widening approximately
                          13.4 miles of channel designed to convey a 25-year storm event within stream banks.
                          Improvements on the main stem of Blackwater Bayou are proposed from Hooper Road
                          upstream to Greenwell Springs Road. Minor actions may be necessary on the segment
                          from the mouth to Hooper Road. Also included are proposed improvements to the bayou's
                          main tributary. Proposed widening of the tributary is from its confluence with Blackwater
                          Bayou upstream to McCullough RoacL The proposed channel design is earthen with 3.5:1
                          bank slopes. In order to control erosion, banks are proposed to be protected with a
                          geosyndietic mat. Design bottom widths vary for each reach. Required O&M would be
                          similar to Plan BW-P2.


                          4.4. PLAN IMPLEMENTATION RESPONSIBELrIY


                          The Federal government would prepare detailed designs, plans, and specifications and
                          would bear 75 percent of the final costs of the plan that is recommended. Non-Federal
                          interests would bear 25 percent of the costs and would provide all lands, easemenm and
                          rights-of-way, accomplish all relocations; hold and save the U.S. free from damages; and
                          operate and maintain all features.


                          4.5. FUTURE CONDITIONS WITHOUT PROJECT / NO ACTION


                          With no Federal action to address the flooding problems of the study area, the flooding
                          problems experienced in recent years would reoccur and possibly result in more extensive
                          damages. The expansion of the city would continue with the majority of development
                          generally occurring in a south-easterly direction. That development would occur at the
                          expense of the minimal amount of farmed land and remaining wooded tracts in the area.
                          Water quality would be slightly improved due to the implementation of the Louisiana


                                                                    EIS-19










          Water (Nality Management Plan. However, the aquatic resources of the area would
          continue to remain of low quality due to urban runoff being such a large portion of the
          flows. Continued flooding and sedimentation would further obscure potentially significant
          cultural resources while future development would continue to threaten these resources.
          Continued development will continue to diminish those characteristics that give the
          waterways their aesthetic appeal. Socioeconomic factors resulting from the possibility of,
          and after-effects of, flooding would continue to be experienced by residents and
          landowners in the area.


          4.6. COMPARATIVE IMPACTS OF ALTERNATIVES


          Tables 4-&l through 4-6-5 present in comparative form the significance of resources and
          the effects of the no action and action alternatives considered on significant resources and
          plan economic characteristics. Detailed information about unpacts on significant resources
          described in these tables is included in Section 5, Affected Environment and
          Environmental Effects for each watershed.









































                                                    EIS-20












                                                                                                    TABLE 4-1
                                                           DETAILED OR FINAL ARRAY OF ACTION ALTERNATIVES




                                          ALTERNATIVE          SEGMENT               SIZE'     FROM                        TO                          MILES    TYPE WORK



                                          Jones Or.            Jones Or              10        Mouth                 Jones Or Rd                       3.4      CIr & Sng
                                          JCCL-PI              Jones Or              10        Jones Or Rd           Lobdell Blvd                      9.0      Concr Lined
                                          (TSp) 2              Weiner Or             10        Jones Or              Cedar Crest Ave                   2.0      Concr Lined
                                                               Lively B.             10        Mouth                 Ill. Central RR                   3.3      Conor Lined
                                                               Lively Trib           10        Mouth                 Tams Dr                           12.0     Conor Uned
                                                               TOTAL                                                                                   19.7



                                          Jones Or.            Jones Or              10        Mouth                 Jones Or Rd                       3.4      CAr & Sng
                                          JCCL-P3              Jones Or              10        Jones Or Rd           Lobdall Blvd                      9.0      Concr Lined
                                                               Weiner Or                                                                                        No Work
                                                               Lively B                                                                                         No Work
                                                               Lively Tdb            TOTAL                                                             U-4      No Work


                                          ALTERNATIVE          SEGMENT               SIZE'     FROM                            TO                      MILES    TYPE WORK


                                          Ward Or.             Ward Or               25        Mouth                 College Dr                        9.2      CIr & Snag
                                          WCC-P4A5             Dawson Or             25        Ward Or               B. Duplander                      3.7      Cir & Snag
                                          (TSP)                N.Branch              25        Ward Or               Just dwnstream
                                                                                                                     of 1-12                           1.3      Concr Lined
                                                               TOTAL                                                                                   572



                                          ALTERNATIVE          SEGMENT               SIZE      FROM                             TO                     MILES    TYPE WORK


                                          B. Fountain          B. Fountain           10        Mouth                 Siegen Ln                         4.4      Cir & Sng
                                          BF-10A                                               Siegen Ln             Gardere Ln                        2.9      ChanEnlafg
                                                                                               Gardere Ln            Stoney Or Ave                     0.8      Cir & Sng
                                                               TOTAL                                                                                   71-


                                          B. Fountain          B. Fountain           10        Mouth                 Siegen Ln                         4.4      Cir & Sng
                                          BF-1013                                              Siegen Ln             Gardere Ln                        2.9      ChanEnkug
                                          (TSP)                                                Gardere Ln            Stoney Or Ave                     0.8      Cir & Sng
                                                                                               Stoney Or Ave         Ben Hur Rd                        2.5      Cir & Sng
                                                               TOTAL                                                                                   TO-6



                                               SIZE       Size channel or year level of pTotection
                                           2 TSp = Tentatively Selected plan









                                                                                                         EIS-21










                                                            TABLE 4-1 (CONTINUED)
                                 DETAILED OR FINAL ARRAY OF ACTION ALTERNATIVES





               ALTERNA11VE          SEGMENT              SIZE' FROM                       TO                           MILES TYPE WORK



               Beaver B.            Beaver B.            10        Fmchtwn Rd           Hubbs Rd                         7.8      Chan Enlar
               BBN-P1               TOTAL                                                                                718



               Beaver B.            Beaver B.            25        Fmchtwn Rd           Hubbs Rd                         7.8      Chan Enlar
               BBN-P2 (TSP)         TOTAL                                                                                7.8


               Beaver B.            Beaver B.            so        Frrtchtwn Rd         Hubbs Rd                         7.8      Chan Enlar
               BBN-P3               TOTAL                                                                                718



               ALTERNATIVE          SEGMENT              SIZE      FROM                     TO                         MILES      TYPE WORK


               Blackwtr             Blackwater           10        Mouth                Hooper Rd                        0.0      Minimal Work
               BW-P2                Blackwater           10        Hooper Rd            La Hwy 64                        8.8      Chan Enlar
               (TSP)                Bwtr Trib 1          10        Mouth                McCullough Rd                    4.6      Chan Enlar
                                    TOTAL                                                                              1F-4


               Blackwtr             Blackwater           25        Mouth                Hooper Rd                        0.0      Minknal Work
               BW-P4                Blackwater           25        Hooper Rd            La Hwy 64                        8.8      Chan Enlar
                                    Bwtr Tr1b 1          25        Mouth                McCullough Rd                    4.6      Chan Enter
                                    TOTAL                                                                              13-4































                                                                           EIS-22











                                                                                                                                          TABLE 4-6-1
                                                                                                   COMPARATIVE IMPACTS OF ALTERNATIVES
                                                                                                                                JONES CPJMK BASIN



                                                                RESOURCE                        SIGNIFICANCE                      NO AC11ON                      PLAN JCCL-P1                     PLAN JCCL-P3
                                                                                                                                                                         (TSP)

                                                             AGRICULTURAL                    Food and fiber                   Small reduction in                 99 acres converted by          66 acres converted by
                                                             LANDS                                          income            acreage due to                     mitigation plan                mitigation plan
                                                                                             production                       development.

                                                             FORESTLANDS                     Wildlife hablt4 forest           Projected development              78 acres arid 44 HUVs          52 acres arid 29 HUVs
                                                                                             products, green areas.           rato fto open or urban             W; lost HUVs                   lost lost HUYs
                                                                                             shade. temperature               use) of -22990% par                compensated by gains           cormensated by
                                                                                             reduction property               yew would continue.                of mitigaticin plan.           mitillation plan.
                                                                                             buffeni. nose barner.
                                                                                             air quality.

                                                             THREATENED AND                  USFWS: no                  in    The inflated heelsplitter          Limited turbidity              Sarno as previous plam
                                                             ENDANGERED                      area streams; inflabod           would continue to exist            increase, during
                                                             SPECIES                         hoolsplitter in Amito            in ft Amite.                       coristruction and post
                                                                                             River; bald eagle                                                   project effects would
                                                                                             nested nearby, but                                                  not offect the
                                                                                             away from project area                                              heebpWer

                                                             AQUATIC                         Water qua* is poor               Wateir quality im;-ved             Concrete lining causes         Same as previous plan.
                                                             RESOURCES                       due to urban runoff,             with Parish plan to                          in system
                                                                                             liabitat is generally            increase wastewater                flushing and baching
                                                                                             good only for                    diversion to Miss. River;          from concrete. and
                                                                                             requiring low oxygen             any result in increase             reduction of
                                                                                             and wading birds                 of habitat qual1r,                 diversity. Clearing and
                                                                                                                              reduced low flows                  snagging causes
                                                                                                                              would result in reduced            red--ctio in habitat
                                                                                                                              habitat quality.                   diversity.
                                                                                                                              especially in summer

                                                             CULTURAL                        Three recorded sites             Condition of                       Potential for impacts to       Same as previous plan
                                                             RESOURCES                       have received pretrious          skes would Lkaly                   known siles will be
                                                                                             impects. Only one has            remain unchanged.                  niusie
                                                                                             been evaluated


                                                             RECREATION                      Population of 380=0+             Increased demand                   Recreation plan                Similar to provious,
                                                             RESOURCES                       produces high demand             would result in increase           I 1-mile bWA path.       Use   p1m bid shorter bko
                                                                                             for recreation areas in          in recrest6onal facilities         is Wc*W to be                  trail and plantings
                                                                                             die area                                                            100.000 annual user            because Owner flood
                                                                                                                                                                 days.                          control worL

                                                             AESTHETICS                      Plowing vistas result in         Continued demand for               Significant adverse            Similar, to previous
                                                                                             higher property values           scenic vistas, bid                 impacts; aesthetic             plan; h-. less
                                                                                             and corne, hi@ quality;          pressure to develop all            ilig - plantings an            impacts would require
                                                                                             results in increased             available                          both sides of 426 miles        less mitigation
                                                                                             tourism and higher tax                                              of diannel would
                                                                                             base for city                                                       replace lost tcl>-cf-bank
                                                                                                                                                                 ban and shrubs.


                                                             NOISE                           LOW noise levels is              Noise levels would                 Construction equipment         So- as previctis plan
                                                                                             dessable. Nose levels            remain essentially                 would cause Increasecl         for as much as 41
                                                                                             an channels we low               unchanged.                         none levels for as             13100d
                                                                                             except at mad                                                       much as 72 months.
                                                                                                 ------                                                          This would be spread
                                                                                                                                                                 overfourseginei and
                                                                                                                                                                 not aver the entire area
                                                                                                                                                                 tar the entire period.

                                                             VECTORS                         Common vectors                   Populations would be               Same as to action.             Same as no action.
                                                                                             include Ariqafielss,             kept in chedt with
                                                                                             Aeolise, and CV119K              abatement prograrn.










                                                                                                                                                          EIS-23











                                                                                    TABLE 4-6-2
                                                  CONTARATIVE IMPACTS OF ALTERNATWES
                                                                           WARD CREEK BASIN



                      RESOURCE                 SIGNIFICANCE                  NO ACTION                 PLAN WCC-4A5
                                                                                                              (TSP)

                  AGRICULTURAL                 Food and fiber             Small reduction in          28 acres converted by
                  LANDS                        production, income         acreap due to               mitigation plan
                                               production                 development

                  FORESTLANDS                  Wildlife habitat. forest   Projected development       22 acres and 12 HUVs
                                               pfoductr% green areas.     role (to open or urban      lost to project; habitat
                                               shade, temperature         Loa) of -2298% par          value lost is
                                               reduction. property        yew would continue.         compensated by gains
                                               buffers. no" bamer,                                    ct miltod- Plan.
                                               air quaft

                  THREATENED AND               USFVWS: no            in   The inflated heefsplitter   This altemative would
                  ENDANGERED                   area strearnw, inflated    would continue to exist     not affect the inflated
                  SPECIES                      heeleplitter in Amile      in the An*&                 heelsplitter.
                                               River bald eagle
                                               I M. nearby. but
                                               away from project area

                  AQUATIC                      Water quality is poor      WSW quality Improved        Concrete uning causes
                  RESOURCES                    due to urban runoff,       with Parish plan to         increases in system
                                               h     is generally         increase wastewater         flushing and Watching
                                               good only for species      diversion b Miss. River;    from concrete, aw
                                               requiring low oxygen       may result in increase      reduction of habitat
                                               and wading birds           of' I " I quality;          diversky. Clearing and
                                                                          reduced low flows           snagging causes
                                                                          would resuit in reduced     reduction in hahkA,
                                                                          habitat quality,            diversity.
                                                                          especially in summer

                  CULTURAL                     Low probability for        Condition of any sites      No charge is projected.
                  RESOURCES                    encountering significant   vaxAd remain                (Imestigations
                                               resources due to           unchanged.                  completed under
                                               pevrious channel                                       Feasibility Study.)
                                               rnairdenance

                  RECREATION                   pcp@ of IM000+             Increased demand            This plan would have
                  RESOURCES                    produces high demand       would result in Increase    no impact on existing or
                                               for recreation areas in    in recreational! facilities proposed recreation
                                               the area                                               develop-M

                  AESTHETICS                   PleasN vistas result in    Continued demand for        Some adverse impacts
                                               higher property values     scenic vistas, but          will occur. Aesthetic
                                               and come hither quality;   pressure to develop all     mitigation pwftp -
                                               results in increased       available spars.            both sides of 1.5 miles
                                               tourism and higher tax                                 of channel would
                                               be" for city                                           replace lost tq@-of-bank
                                                                                                      tress and shrubs.



                  NOISE                        Low noise krials is        Now levels would            Construction equipment
                                               desirable. Now levels      rarnain essentially         would cause in@:raased
                                               on channels are low        unchanged.                  noise levels for as
                                               excelA ad road                                         much as 18 months
                                               crossings

                  VECTORS                      Common vectors             Populations would be        Same as no action.
                                               include Anaphake,          kept M ChOCIL WFth
                                           I   Aedes and Culex         I  abatement program        I                           I











                                                                                           EIIS-24













                                                                                                                                    TABLE 4-6-3
                                                                                               COMPARATIVE IMPAC17S OF ALTERNATIVES
                                                                                                                    BAYOU FOUNTAIN BASIN



                                                              RESOURCE                      SIGNIFICANCE                    NO ACTION                     PLAN BF-10A                    PLAN BF-10B
                                                                                                                                                                                               (TSP)

                                                           AGRICULTURAL                  Food and fiber                  small roduclion in               18 acres converted by        21 acres converted by
                                                           LANDS                              .      .1nown              acreage due to                   mitigation plan              mitig@ plan
                                                                                         production                      development

                                                           FORESTLANDS                   Wildlife habitat, torest        Projected development            15 acres and 6 HUVS          17 so= and 9 HUVs
                                                                                         products. groan areas.          rate go open or urban            lost to proact;              lost to pmject; habitat
                                                                                         shade. tornporaturs             me) of -Z625% per                value lost is                lost is compensated by
                                                                                         reductim prop"                  yearwou continum                 compensated by gains         mitigation 0-
                                                                                         buffers, none bamer,                                             ol mitigation plan.
                                                                                         air quality,

                                                           THREATENED AM                 USFWS: no species In            The Inflated             kler    This alternative would       Same as provious plian.
                                                           ENDANGERED                    area strearns; inflated         would Continue to 6)d5t          not affect the inflated
                                                           SPECIES                       hosbpritteir in Amito           in the Amite.                    hoolsplitteir.
                                                                                         River; bald eagle
                                                                                         neated nearby,   but
                                                                                         away from pmiect area

                                                           AQUATIC                       Wow quality is poor             Water quality bproved            Channel enlargement          Same as previous plan.
                                                           RESOURCES                     due to urban runalf.            with Parish plan to              cause increased
                                                                                         habitat is gamely               increase wastewater              flushing ancl reduction
                                                                                         good only for species           divemion to Mass. River          of habitat divarsity.
                                                                                         requiring IMN ON-               my result in increase            Clisairing end snagging
                                                                                         and wading birds                of habitat qualily;,             causes reduction in
                                                                                                                         reduced low fbws                 habilitt diversity but not
                                                                                                                         would result in reduced          as much as channel
                                                                                                                         habitat quality.                 ordaigement.
                                                                                                                         especially in summer

                                                           CULTURAL                      Four potentially                Sites likely would               Channel widening             Channel wideriing
                                                           RESOURCES                     significimt sites likely to     remain undetected;               would result in greater      would result in greater
                                                                                         occur in project area.          bank and sheet arosion           chance of inpacts;           chance of Impacts;
                                                                                                                         Would 00rdfi`11J0 ID             design could avoid           design could avoid
                                                                                                                         impact unrecorded                Signxicand sites.            signrcard am
                                                                                                                         sites.

                                                           REC@TION                      poputation d 1506000+           Increased demand                 No Urped an existing         Similar to Previous
                                                           RESOURCES                     produces high dwroW             would result in inoreaso         of                           Plan.
                                                                                         for recreation areas in         in recreational facillies        development.
                                                                                             area


                                                           AESTHETICS                    Pleasing vistas result in       Continued demand fair            Some adverse impacts         Similar to previous
                                                                                         higher propoity vakies          scark vistax, but                will occur. Aesthetic        plan, but less impacts
                                                                                         and cam hither qiaft            pressure to develep all          mitigalm plardings an        and less mitigation.
                                                                                         results in increased            avaLadilo -pace                  both sides of 2.5 miles
                                                                                         tourism and higher twc                                           of channal would
                                                                                         bass Ifor city                                                   replace lost top-cf-bank -
                                                                                                                                                          bow and shrubs.


                                                           NOISE                         Low noise levels a              Noise levels would               Noise lovels, would be       Similar to prWious
                                                                                         desir" Nome lovels              remain essentially               increased by                 Plall.
                                                                                         an chaninals are low            undianged.                       construction equipment
                                                                                         except at road                                                   for Lip to 12 rrAriths.


                                                           VECTORS                       C"nmon vectors                  Populat      would be            Same as no aclicrL           Sarne as previous plarL
                                                                                         include Anopheles.              kept irk check with
                                                                                         Aedsa, and Cuiax                abatement prograrm



                                                        x








                                                                                                                                                  ELS-25












                                                                                                      TABLE 4-6-4
                                                              COMPARATTVE IMPAICTS OF ALTERNATTVES
                                                                                        BEAVER BAYOU BASIN



                           RESOURCE                        SIGNIRCANCE                        NO ACMON                        PLAN 88N-P1                      PLAN BBN-P2                       PLAN BBN-P3
                                                                                                                                                                      (TSP)

                        AGRICULTURAL                    Food and fiber                    Small reductim in                 125 acres converted by           122 sores convened by             127 acres converted
                        LANDS                                       I income              acreage due to                    mitigatiori plan                 "Iftigation plan                  by mitigation plan
                                                        production                        development

                        FORESTLANDS                     Wildlife habitat forest           Prqedod development               88 acres and 55 HUVs             88 sores and 54 HUVs              eg acres mid 66 HUVs
                                                        p-duch4 green areas,              rite (to operr-or urban           kist to projac4 hat"             lost to project; habitat          lost to project; hakiltat
                                                        shade. temperature                use) of -Q167% per                value lost is                    lost is compons            by     lost is corripensated by
                                                        reduction, property               yew would continue.               coriVensated by go!-             mitigation! Plan,                 mitigation Plan-
                                                        buffers, nomse barner.                                              of mitigation plan.
                                                        air quality,

                        THREATENED AND                  USFWS: no species in              The inflated healsoiltar          This alternative would           Same as previous plam             Same as previous
                        ENDANGERED                      area strearm; inflated            would contirsie to eidst          not aflect to Inflated                                             0-
                        SPECIES                         hoebpMer in Amite                 in the Amite.                     hoolsplifter,
                                                        River; bald male
                                                        nested nearby, but
                                                        away from project area

                        AQUA71C                         Water quality is poor             Water quality hp--d               Channel enlargement              Samis as previous plan.           Sam as previous
                        RESOURCES                       due to urban rundf,               with Parish plan to               causes  .                                                          pl-
                                                        hatitat is generally              incrom wastewater                 flushing and reduction
                                                        good only for species             diversion to Miss. Riven.         of habitat divinky.
                                                        requiring low oxygen              may result in increase            Gectech fabric would
                                                        and wading birds                  of habitat quality;               add some diversity to
                                                                                          reduced low flows                 channel slopse and
                                                                                          would result in reduced           reduce evected
                                                                                          ha@af quality.                    emiam
                                                                                          especially in summer

                        CULTURAL                        Two potentially                   Condition of two                  Recorded sites will be           Same as previous plan.            Sam as previous
                        RESOURCES                       significant an have               recorded sites would              evaluated; work design                                             0-
                                                        bow impacted by                   remain unchanged.                 could avoid significard
                                                        previouis channel work;                                             sites.
                                                        low probability for
                                                        oncountorkV Rom
                                                        SignificM sites.

                        RECREATION                      Population of 150,000+            Increased demand                  This plan would have             Sam as prevwus plan.              Sam as previous
                        RESOURCES                       produces high demand              would result in increase          no impact on existing or                                           Pla-
                                                        for reersalion areas in           in recreadwsal iacilities         proposed recreation
                                                        the area                                                            development.

                        AESTHETICS                      Piming vistas result in           Continued demand for              Some adverse impacts             So" as Previous plan.             Sarrie as previous
                                                        higher property values            sconic vislAs. but                would occur. Aesthetic                                             plan.
                                                        and come hi@ quality;             pressure to develop all           mitigation plantinp on
                                                        results in increased              wIsLedile space                   both sides of 7.8 miles
                                                        tourism and higher tax                                              of channel would
                                                        base for city                                                       replace lost top-d4mnlt
                                                                                                                            tress and shrubs.
                                                                                                                            Natural succes-io . in
                                                                                                                            time, would Mult in
                                                                                                                            vagetalkon al edges of
                                                                                                                            RO .

                        NOISE                           Low noise levels is               Noise levels would                Noise levels would be            Same as previous plan.            Sam as previous
                                                        desirable. Noise levels           remain essentiolly                increased by
                                                        an channeds we low                unchanged.                        constriction equipment
                                                        except of road                                                      for up to 24 months.
                                                        crossings

                        VECTORS                         Common vectors                    PqxdAm would be                   Same as no action.               Sarno as previous plan.           Sarno as Previous
                                                        include Awpheles.                 kept in check with                                                                                   Ph-
                                                        Aode% and Culax                   ab'd meal program              I                                I                                 I







                                                                                                                     ELS-26












                                                                                                                                   TABLE 4-6-5
                                                                                              COWARATIVE IMPACrS OF ALTERNATTVES
                                                                                                                   BLACKWATER BAYOU BASIN



                                                              RESOURCE                     SIGNIFICANCE                     NO ACTION                     PLAN BW-P2                     PLAN BW-P4
                                                                                                                                                                (TSP)

                                                          AGRICULTURAL                   Food and fber                  Small reduction in              127 acres converted by        217 acres converted by
                                                          LANDS                          producitim it="                acreage, due to                 aftation plan                 mitigabort plan
                                                                                         prod,                          developmert

                                                          FORESTLANDS                    Wiliffife halAst forest        Projected development           77 acres and 48 HUVs          141 acres and 89
                                                                                         poducts, green arwis,          rate (to open or urban          lod to pivoct; habitat        HUVs lost to prood;
                                                                                         stkade. torriperature          use) of -(1167% per             value lost is                 habitat lost is
                                                                                         reduction, property            yew would continue.             corMensated by go*-           comoonsated by
                                                                                         buffm, nme barrier,                                            cl mitigation plan.           mitigation plan,
                                                                                         air quality,

                                                          THREATENED AND                 USFWS: no                 in   The elided hoolsplaor           This alternative would        This alternative would
                                                          ENDANGERED                     am streams; inflated           would continue to exist         not affect to irMated         not affect do inflated
                                                          SPECIES                        heelsplitter in Amite          in the Amite River.             hoolsplitter.                 heebpftw.
                                                                                         River bald eagle
                                                                                         nested nearby. but
                                                                                         away from project am

                                                          AOUATIC                        Water quardy is poor           Water quardy knproved           Channel enlargement           Sarno as previous PLM
                                                          RESOURCES                      due to urban rundf.            with Parish plan to             causes Increased
                                                                                         habitat is generally           Increase u@                     flushirg and reduction
                                                                                         good only for                  diversion to Miss. Rhm;         of habdat diversity.
                                                                                         requiring low oxygen           may result in Increase          Gootech labric would
                                                                                         and wading birds               of habitat qualitf,             add some diversky to
                                                                                                                        reduced low flows               channel slopes and
                                                                                                                        would result in reduced         reduce
                                                                                                                        habitat "Ity,                   61,081011,
                                                                                                                        especialthr in summer

                                                          CULTURAL                       Medium probability for         Condition of one                Effort to identilly and       Sarno as previous plani.
                                                          RESOURCES                      encountering sites of          recorded site would             evaluate sites would be
                                                                                         signiiiicarce; am site         remain unchanged;               node; work design
                                                                                         thought to have been           other unchanged sites           could avoid signircard
                                                                                         modified - one                 would remain                    ekes.
                                                                                         Potentially significant        urKk"ct9d.
                                                                                         nroordscl site and one
                                                                                         anticipated site.

                                                          RECREATION                     Population d 16(X000+          In          demand              This plan would haw           Skrdv to praidious
                                                          RESOURCES                      produces high demand           would result in Increase        no impact on existing at      plan.
                                                                                         for recreation areas in        in recisabonal facilities       propos     recreation
                                                                                         the area                                                       d-4qxnerL

                                                          AESTHETICS                     Plowing view result in         Continued demand for            Some adverse - If,            Same as previous plain.
                                                                                         higher property values         scenic vista% but               would occur. Aesthetic
                                                                                 -       and come hither quality;       pressure to develop all         miligatikin plantings on
                                                                                         results in increased           available                       both sides of 115 now -       -
                                                                                         tourism and higher tax                                         of channel would
                                                                                         bass for city                                                  repla lost top-of-bank
                                                                                                                                                        Uses and slhn@
                                                                                                                                                        Native vegetation would
                                                                                                                                                        b-,- -estabishedvia
                                                                                                                                                        natural succession.

                                                          NOISE                          LOW Willis levels is           Noise levels would              Nome Weis would be            Similar to proviotis
                                                                                         desurablie. Noise levels       remain essentially              increased by
                                                                                         an channels we low             unchanged.                      constniction equipment
                                                                                         except at road                                                 for up to 24 months.
                                                                                         crossings

                                                          VECTORS                        Common vectors                 populations would be            Sarno as no action.           Same as previous plam
                                                                                         include Awpheilas.             kept in chocit with
                                                                                         Asdam and CuAw                 abaterrient prograrn.       I                               I

                                                       X





                                                                                                                                                  EIS-27












                                                          TABLE 4-6-6
                                   COMPARATIVE UYEPACTS OF ALTERNATWES
                                                          ALL BASINS



             13ASIN             ALTERNATIVE                                  ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS

                                                            Annual            Annual              Net         B/C
                                                           Benefits            Costs          Benefits       Ratio


             Jones              No Action                    N/A               N/A              N/A.            NIA

                                JCCL-pi (TSP)           $6,715,000       $4,430,000        $2,285,000           1.52

                                JCCL,P3                 $4,877,000       $3294,000         $1,583,000           IA8



             Ward               No Action                    N/A               N/A              N/A             N/A

                                WCC-P4A5 CrSP)          $1,032,000         $932,000           $100,000          1.11



             Fountain           No Action                    N/A               N/A                N/A         N/A

                                BF-10A                    $416,000         $365,000           $51,000           1.14

                                BF-10B (TSP)              $434,000         $373,000           $51,000           1.16



             Beaver             No Action                      N/A               N/A              N/A         N/A

                                BBN-P1                  $6,081,000       $1,115,000        $4,W,000             5A5

                                BBN-P2 (TSP)            $7,154,000       $1,354,000        $5,800,000           5.28

                                BBN-P3                  $7,209,000       $1,477,000        $5,732,000           4.88



             Blackwater         No Action                      N/A               N/A              N/A         N/A

                                BW-P2 (TSP)             $3,306,000         $887,000        $2,419,000           3.7

                                BW-P4                   $3,465,000       $1,195M                  1000          2.9
                                                                                           $2 '4i9
                                                                                         @$2,270



                                                              EIS-28











                        5. AFFECTED ENVIRONMENVENVIRONN[ENTAL EFFECTS


                        5.1. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS


                        The overall study area discussed in this document is the Amite River basin. The Amite
                        River basin encompasses an area of approximately 2,000 square miles and includes
                        portions of East Baton Rouge, Ascension, Livingston, East Feliciana, St. Helena, IberviUe,
                        St. James, and St. John the Baptist Parishes within Louisiana, and Amite County within
                        Mssissippi. The study area of this report is within this basin and consists of those
                        portions of East Baton Rouge Parish subject to flooding of Beaver and Blackwater Bayous,
                        Jones and Ward Creek, and Bayou Fountain. Action alternatives considered in this
                        document would result in socioeconomic impacts and benefits to this described study area.
                        Direct construction activities necessary for the.nplementation of any structural alternative
                        would affect only a portion of the study area. That area, the area of project-induced
                        flooding, and an area of Nfississippi River levee borrow pits in the vicinity of Gardere
                        Lane, jointly, for the remainder of this document is referred to as the affected area. Also
                        included are portions of receiving waters immediately downstream of the mouths of each
                        of these watercourses. This is but a small part of the overaU study area. Two separate
                        mitigation sites include an area near a facility of the Baton Rouge Recreation and Park
                        Commission (BREC) and another site in the northern portion of the parish east of Joor
                        Road and south of La. Hwy. 64. An alternative mitigation site that was evaluated was
                        land adjacent to Bayou Duplantier from Stanford Avenue to near the confluence of Bayou
                        Duplantier with Dawson Creek.


                        East Baton Rouge Parish is the westernmost of the Florida Parishes of Louisiana. The
                        term, Florida Parishes, is used quite commonly when referring to this area and describes
                        that portion of the state located east of the Mississippi River and north of Lakes Maurepas
                        and Pontchartrain. The area is part of the original land area known as West Florida during
                        colonial times.


                        The study area is of relatively low relief, with most portions being-on the Pleistocene
                        ten-ace land formation. Surrounding land elevations vary from highs of 120 feet National
                        Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) near the East Baton Rouge / St. Helena Parish line to
                        approximately 5 feet NGVD near the confluence of Bayou Fountain with Bayou Manchac.
                        Land elevations in the lower portion of the study area are approximately 30 feet NGVD at
                        the western edge of the Pleistocene terrace before the drop-off occurs to the M[ississippi
                        River alluvial floodplain. The M[ississippi River east bank levee within Louisiana begins at
                        Baton Rouge. The study area contain a portion of the city limits of Baton Rouge.
                        Commercial and residential development is essentiaRy adjacent to or near major tr-affic
                        arteries. The largest concentrations of undeveloped land are found in the northern portion
                        of the study area.




                                                                  EIS-29












            5.2. SIGNIFICANT RESOURCES


            A given resource is considered significant if it is identified in the laws, regulations,
            guidelines, or other institutional standards of national, regional, and local public agencies;
            if it is specifically identified as a concern by local public interests; or if it is judged by the
            responsible Federal agency to be of sufficient importance to be designated as significant
            (see Tables 5-1 and 5-2). This section discusses each significant resource occurring in the
            study area and listed previously in Tables 4-5-1 through 4-5-5, Comparative Impacts of
            Alternatives. The significance of the resource is first described. The effects of the no-
            action alternative and each of the action alternatives carried into the final array are also
            analyzed.











































                                                       EIS-30












                                                                                                   TABLE 5-1
                                                                       ATIR113UTF-S OF SIGNIECANT RESOURCES



                                             RESOURCE                     ECOLOGICAL                           CULTURAL                           AESTHETIC
                                                                           ATTRIBUTES                        ATTRIBUTES                          ATTRIBUTES

                                         AGRICULTURAL,            Minor wildlife value                Reflects both present and           Vistas of farmland provide
                                         LANDS                                                        past way of life for segment        relief from clutter and
                                                                                                      of population.                      technology of urban area.

                                         FORESTILANDS             Valuable habitat for wildlife       Supports traditional                Typical woodland
                                                                                                      extractive economy of area.         landscape provides refief
                                                                                                      Protects sites by avoiding          from clutter and technology
                                                                                                      disturbance.                        of urban areas.

                                         THREATENED               Rarity enhances significance        N/A                                 Individuals enjoy viewing of
                                         AND                      of these species.                                                       rare and endangered
                                         ENDANGERED                                                                                       species.
                                         SPECIES


                                         AQUATIC                  Water quality determines            Fishing is a significant part       Meandering watercourses
                                         RESOURCES                value for species. Several          of cultural heritage.               provide scenes of beauty.
                                                                  species of fishes and
                                                                  invertebrates use waters.

                                         CULTURAL                 N/A                                 Indicators of history and           Many cultural resources
                                         RESOURCES                                                    inhabitants                         have high aesthetic value.


                                         RECREATION               N/A                                 Association with outdoors is        Pa* settings are perceived
                                         RESOURCES                                                    part of culture of area.            as aesthetic to most
                                                                                                                                          individuals.

                                         ESTHETICS                None                                A pleasant visual perception        N/A
                                                                                                      is a component of the
                                                                                                      culture of an area

                                         VECTORS                  Carrier of diseases to              Generally considered to be a        N/A
                                                                  humans as well as other             negative component
                                                                  animals.


                                         SOC10-                   N/A                                 N/A                                 N/A
                                           CONOMIC
                                         RESOURCES





















                                                                                                       ELS-31












                                                                                TABLE 5-2
                                                  RECOGNMON OF SIGNIECANT RESOURCES



                        RESOURCE                     INSTITUTIONAL                         TECHNICAL                              PUBLIC
                                                     RECOGNITION                           RECOGNITION                       RECOGNITION

                     AGRICULTURAL             Farmland Protection Policy          Production of food and fiber         Public recognizes value of
                     LANDS                    Act Food Security Act of            for large component of               productive agricultural land.
                                              1985                                worlds population

                     FORESTLANDS              Water Resources                     Continued decline in Lower           Public recognizes value,
                                              Development Act of 1986,            Mississippi Valley; value for        scarcity, and continued
                                              Fish and Wildlife                   noise abatement increased            decline of this resource in
                                              Coordination Ac@ EO 11990,          residential real estate value,       urban areas
                                              EO 11988                            visual value, and air quality

                     THREATENED               Endangered Species Act,             USFWS, NMFS, LDWF, &                 Public supports the
                     AND                      Said Eagle Act                      USACE cooperate to protect           preservation of rare or
                     ENDANGERED                                                   these species, Audubon               declining species.
                     SPECIES                                                      Blue List recognizes rare
                                                                                  species.

                     AQUATIC                  Clean Water Act of 1977, La         USFWS, NMFS, LDWF, &                 Environmental groups and
                     RESOURCES                Water Control Act, Fish and         USACE recognize value of             general public support the
                                              Wildlife Coordination Act,          good water quality and               preservation of water
                                              Coastal Zone Mgt Act of             sustainable aquatic                  quality and fishery
                                              1972, La State & Local              productivity.                        resources.
                                              Coastal Resources Mgt Act
                                              of 1978

                     CULTURAL                 National Historic                   Sites are present in the             Preservation groups
                     RESOURCES                Preservation Act of 1966,           vicinity of the proposed             support protection and
                                              Archeological Resource              action.                              enhancement of historical
                                              Protection of 1979                                                       resources. There is strong
                                                                                                                       avocationaJ interest in
                                                                                                                       archeology.

                     RECREATION               Land and Water                      EBR Parish has highly                Public makes high
                     RESOURCES                Conservation Fund Act of            aggressive recreation                demands on recreation
                                              1965                                program. 130+ facilities in          areas and desires
                                                                                  parish                               expansion of base; EBR
                                                                                                                       Parish Horizon Land Use
                                                                                                                       Plan.

                     AESTHETICS               USACE ER 1105-2-100,                Greenlinks concept element           Residents put value upon
                                              National Environmental              of The Horizon Plan, the             appearing scenes as
                                              Policy Act                          Comprehensive Land Use               reflected by land prices,
                                                                                  and Development Plan for             trees on lots, and demand
                                                                                  East Baton Rouge Parish              for parks, etc,

                     VECTORS                  Mosquito abatement unit in          Several mosquitos are                Public supports active
                                              local government                    known carriers of disease.           control program for
                                                                                                                       offensive pests.

                     SOC10-                   River and Harbor Flood              N/A                                  Social concerns and items
                     ECONOMIC                 Control Act                                                              affecting area economy are
                                                                                                                                         and      ms
                                                                                                                                         onomy jare
                                                                                                                                            .t
                     RESOURCES                                                                                         of significant interest to
                                                                                                                       community.




                                                                                    EIS-32










                          5.2.1. Jones Creek Basin


                          5.2.1.1. AGRICULTURAL LANDS.


                          5.2.1.1.1. Significance. Approximately 158,500 acres are classified as farmland in
                          government jurisdiction (land capable of being farmed) in East Baton Rouge Parish. A
                          large portion of this is prime farmland. Prime, unique, and statewide or locally important
                          farmland is protected by the Farmland Protection Policy Act (FPPA). Approximately
                          129,500 or eighty-one percent of the acreage noted is defined as farmland by the FPPA-
                          Crops grown are soybean, corn, wheat, and past= for cattle. The use of cleared land for
                          agricultural purposes in the study area is continually declining as urbanization of Baton
                          Rouge and the surrounding communities proceeds. Value of these lands is based only in
                          part by their ability to produce a crop, but is most heavily based upon their potential for
                          development into economically higher uses. Agricultural land has value for some forms of
                          wildlife, but because of the regional abundance, that value is not considered significant in
                          this study area.

                          5.2.1.2.1. Effects of No Action. Acreage of open and agricultural lands including prime
                          and unique farmlands would decline as the development and zoning of the city continues.
                          The trend of rapid conversion of cleared agricultural lands for urban and industrial use as
                          occurred from the late 1950's through the early 1980's is not expected to continue, but Will
                          instead be replaced by a reduced rate of conversion. Projections of land use changes in the
                          Amite River Basin were made by the Louisiana State Planning Office (LSPO) and are
                          included in the report within Appendix B. 1he Jones Creek watershed is in the area
                          described in that report as the Urban portion of the basin. Agricultural land is projected to
                          decline due to development at a rate of approximately 3.48 percent per year in that area.
                          'Me only components of the mitigation area that are in land zoned as agricultural are
                          located in the Northeast portion of the parish. Agricultural land is projected to decline due
                          to development at the low rate of 0.0634 percent per year in the Northeast portion.
                          Although a decline in agricultural land is projected in the overall Jones watershed as well
                          as the others, the exact area of potential project impact of prime and unique farmland for
                          both construction and mitigation measures for project analysis purposes is projected to
                          remain the same with no Federal action as currently exists.

                          5.2.1.2.2. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. The construction of flood control features would
                          result in no losses to this resource. The implementation of the combined mitigation plan
                          (from all watersheds) would result in the conversion of approximately 282 acres of land
                          zoned as prime and unique farmland use to wooded lands protected from any future
                          agricultural crop production. An additional 115 acres of agricultural land would be
                          converted by the combined mitigation plan, but that tract is not zoned as prime or unique
                          farmland. Implementation of this alternative would consist of the conversion of prime and
                          unique farmlands equal to approximately 25 percent of the combined mitigation plan


                                                                      EIS-33










            conversion. A request was made to the local representative of the Soil Conservation
            Service (SCS) regarding the effects of the project (including this alternative) upon
            landowners relative to the swampbuster provisions of the Food Security Act of 1985. The
            response received was negative as to any effect (see Appendix E, Section 6 for the Soil
            Conservation Service letter). The socio-economic effects of producing a commodity crop
            on those lands, if any may exist, are described in Paragraph 5.2.1.10.8. The analysis of the
            effects of the project (including the percentage made up by this alternative) relative to the
            FPPA is also included in Appendix E, Section 6.


            5.2.1.2.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. This alternative would result in similar effects as the
            previous plan, except implementation of this alternative would consist of the conversion of
            prime and unique farmlands equal to approximately 17 percent of the combined mitigation
            plan conversion.


            5.2.1.2. BOTTONILAND HARDWOOD FORESTS.


            5.2.1.2.1. Siofficance. Forests of the overall study area (East Baton Rouge Parish) are
            made up of both natural forest communities and include some introduced ornamental
            plantings in the urban areas. Approximately 112,222 acres of the area were in forests in
            1985 (see Table 5.2.1.2.1.). The term mixed hardwood is the local descriptive term for
            these lowland forests. The term bottomland hardwood is ecologically and
            physiographically correct for these forests, however, and is applicable to streambottorn
            forests of the southeast that also contain associated loblolly and spruce pines (Whorton et
            al., 1982). Much of the forests in the study area are located on the Pleistocene terrace
            rather than on the alluvial floodplain. Within this natural forest is an area described by the
            Louisiana Natural Heritage Program as the Prairie Ten-ace Loess Forest community, which
            occurs on the terrace formation (see letter from the Louisiana Natural Heritage Program in
            Appendix E-4). However, this description does not remove this community from the
            overall bottomland hardwood category. Lowland forests intergrades into a beech-magnolia
            community on narrow ridges. Spruce pines are generally scattered to common on lowlands
            along the Comite River and are common to abundant along the Amite,;- Bottomland
            hardwoods of lower sites and including species that tolerate wetter conditions are common
            on the alluvial floodplain.

            Some overstory hardwood species of the riparian and beech-magnolia community includes
            black willow and river birch (immediately adjacent to or within the banks of streams), as
            well as sweetgum, blackgurn, water oak, cow oak, southern magnolia, American beech,
            white ash, yellow poplar, and red maple. Nfidstory and understory species include
            ironwood, eastern hopbornbeam, arrowwood, bigleaf snowbell, silverbell, sweetleaf, and
            sourwood. These plant communities commonly occur on Cascilla and Ochlockonee soil
            associations (Dance et al., 1968), which are silt loam and fine. sandy loam overflow soils
            that are naturally flooded once or twice each year, but are well-drained. There are


                                                     EIS-34










                          hardwood forests occurring in the affected area that tolerate more prolonged flooding.
                          These contain a much greater percentage of water oak, cow oak, and sweetgum in the
                          overstory, with poison ivy as a common understory species. This forest type is typically
                          found on Oliver-Calhoun-Loring soil associations and the Calhoun-Zachary-Frost
                          -associations. These soil associations are dominantly level, generally poorly drained to
                          moderately well drained and occur on broad flats and in slight depressions. These forests
                          clearly resemble the bottornland hardwood forests of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley.
                          Forests occurring on soils between these conditions contain species of both upper and
                          lower zones.


                          Forested lands within the overall region have value as timber resources. Even within the
                          parish of East Baton Rouge the average annual removal for all species of growing stock
                          for the period of 1974 through 1980 was 5.3 million cubic feet and for sawtimber was 25.0
                          million board feet Momas and Bylin, 1982). Processing markets are readily available for
                          forest products either within, or in the proximity of, the study area. However, foresdands
                          in the specific possible impact area (adjacent to the channels) have little value as timber
                          resources since they are in such an highly urbanized area.

                          Some forestlands of the area are considered to be wetlands. Factors that identify areas as
                          wetlands are hydrophytic vegetation, soil classification of hydric, and wetland hydrology.
                          Wetland hydrology is a term used to describe the presence of permanent or periodic soil
                          saturation for a significant period (normally a week or more) during the growing season.
                          Areas adjacent to the Comite and Amite Rivers frequently are inundated by flooding
                          during the growing season. However, the rise and fall of these rivers is a rapid process
                          with out-of-bank flows commonly returning back to the rivers after the second day. Soils
                          of the adjacent areas are typically coarse grained and are not known for their moisture
                          retention capabilities. There are depressional areas or flats in the basin, however, where
                          fine-grained soils are more prevalent. These soils are more likely to stay saturated for
                          longer periods after significant storms. Wooded wetlands such as the depressional areas
                          described above have functions of groundwater recharge, floodwater retention, habitat for
                          fisheries, recreation, and others. However, the function considered-most significant in
                          these areas is wildlife habitat value. The goal of "no net loss" of wetlands is applicable to
                          this portion of this resource category. The tables included in the land use resource
                          category of tins and other watersheds in this report include a category of wetlands.
                          Baldcypress and/or tupelogum swamps make up the wetlands in these tables.

                          The habitat provided by bottomland hardwood forests is considered to be most significant
                          of any habitat type of the area. Bottomland hardwood soils provide -high fertility, readily
                          available soil moisture, and associated high vegetative productivity. These forests are
                          highly productive in wildlife carrying capacity because of these factors. Bottomland
                          hardwood areas receiving winter inundation are utilized by migratory puddle ducks
                          generally because of the acorns available but also because of the invertebrate fauna that


                                                                      EIS-35










            occurs in abundance in leaf litter on the wet forest floor (Hubert and Krull, 1973).
            Fredrickson (1980) reports that natural wooded wetlands provide protein sources that have
            a diversity of ammo acids that are common to wood duck eggs. The value of bottomland
            forests to waterfowl species is affected by the amount of winter flooding. Increased
            flooding results in increased habitat value for waterfowl. Other wildlife species of -
            bottornland hardwood forests, for which there is significant concern as game animals,
            include white-tailed deer, gray squirrel, swamp rabbit, raccoon, and wild turkey. In
            addition to raccoon, other furbearers include mink, Virginia opossum, red fox, and gray
            fox. Numerous passerine birds are found in this habitat while raptors such as barred owls,
            screech owls, and red shouldered hawks are common.


            Lands adjacent to streams are described as riparian zones. The width of a riparian zone is
            very arbitrary in a forested area, but for the purpose of this study is considered to be 300
            feet. The 300-foot width is the width used as an evaluation parameter in the United States
            Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Habitat Suitability Index Model: North American
            Mink (Allen, 1986). Wooded riparian zones of the study area provide an especially
            valuable habitat to an abundance of animals because of the diversity of forest and shrub
            vegetation in the near proximity to flowing water. Most animals require access to water
            for survival even though they may spend most of their time elsewhere. The riparian zone
            provides protected access to water (Martin and Allen, 1988). Many small mammals,
            reptiles and amphibians are restricted to the riparian zone. Because of the abundance of
            insects, open areas for feeding and woody cover, forested riparian habitat provides vital
            nesting and feeding habitat for songbirds (Stauffer and Best, 1980). Population densities
            of birds breeding in riparian habitats are exceptionally high (Brinson et al., 1981).
            Migratory birds rely on riparian habitat to provide protection from predators and cover
            from the elements. Riparian ecosystems support a greater diversity of wildlife than
            non-water-related habitats (Brinson et al., 1981). Riparian vegetation provides the bulk of
            food, cover, and nesting habitat for much of the wildlife in the study area (Nunnally and
            Shields, 1985). Forested riparian zones are important in maintaining gene flow between
            wildlife populations because they are used as travel corridors for animals moving between
            forested tracts that otherwise would be separated by open areas. Wooded riparian areas
            also provide esthetically pleasing green areas in an otherwise agricultural and urban
            landscape.

            Forested riparian areas also have high value in the maintenance of warmwater stream
            productivity. Adjacent and overhanging trees provide shade so that lower water
            temperatures and higher dissolved oxygen levels are maintained during critical hot weather
            periods. Forested riparian areas provide leaf litter which is the principal source of organic
            input to the aquatic system. Fallen trees and branches provide practically the only source
            of instream cover that exists. Riparian vegetation also retards bank erosion, retains flood
            waters, and filters sheetflow, thereby minimizing turbidity and detrimental excess nutrient
            inflow. The significance of riparian zones has been documented in numerous publications


                                                        EIS-36










                          Creskey and Hinckley, 1977; Johnson and McCormick, 1978; Warner, 1979; Stauffer and
                          Best, 1980; Brinson et al., 1981; Johnson et al., 1985; USDA Forest Service, 1987). The
                          U.S. Congress recognized the value of riparian zones in the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act in
                          1968 which affords protection to rivers and their immediate environment. The Louisiana
                          Legislature passed the Natural and Scenic Streams Act in 1970 to provide a mechanism for
                          protecting rivers and adjacent riparian areas.

                          Forestlands of the study area also have high value from the visual perception of citizens of
                          the urbanarea. Wooded areas provide living relief from the noise, congestion, and
                          mechanization of the city. Wooded areas provide shade and relief to the citizenry from
                          intense summer heat Wooded arm provide the habitat including edge habitat for urban
                          wildlife, the sights of which is enjoyed by residents and visitors to the city alike. Urban
                          wildlife include species such as mockingbirds, brown thrashers, loggerhead shrikes,
                          bluebirds, cardinals, jays, different species of woodpeckers, gray squirrels, and cottontail
                          and swamp rabbits. Urban wooded areas serve as points of educational and scientific
                          interest, especially for students in elementary grades, but even for higher grades and
                          college-age students. Wooded strips serve as shields from objectionable views and also
                          effectively serve as boundaries between properties and neighborhoods. Residential
                          property values are often significantly enhanced when trees or wooded areas are present on
                          the site. The International Society of Arboriculture (1979) presents a methodology for
                          valuation of urban trees. This method produces values of individual urban trees at $18.00
                          per square inch of trunk caliper (diameter) resulting in values of $905, $1,413, and $2,036
                          for trees of eight, ten, and twelve inches, respectively, of trunk caliper.


                          5.2.1.2.2. Effects of No Action. The overall Jones Creek watershed is in an area of
                          relatively fast development and is in the area described as the Urban portion of the parish
                          (see land use analysis in Appendix J). The remaining watersheds discussed, Ward Creek,
                          Bayou Fountain, Beaver Bayou, and Blackwater Bayou are in the Urban, Southern,
                          Northeast, and Northwest portions, respectively. Table 5-2-1-2-1 presents past and
                          projected acreage in forest land in the portions and the total of the parish. Although there
                          is a trend of conversion of agricultural land to forested land throughout the region, this is
                          not true for the study area due to the urban nature. Forested lands are being developed or
                          converted to other uses at an annual rate of -2.2996 percent in this portion of the parish.
                          The effects of no action to the wildlife species occupying that entire potentially impacted
                          area are directly related to the changes in acres of that resource. The present and future
                          amount of flooding to woodlands would result in little change to the existing very limited
                          value to waterfowl in this urban area. Although a decline in forested land is projected in
                          this overall watershed as well as the others, the area of potential project impact would not
                          experience the same rate of conversion since it is contiguous to the existing channel. The
                          development rate of the exact area of potential project impact is projected to maintain, with
                          no Federal action, approximately 20 percent of the development rate of the remainder of
                          the area.



                                                                      EIS-37












                                               TABLE 5-2-1-2-1
                                 PAST AND PROJECTED FOREST ACREAGE
                          BY YEAR IN AREAS OF EAST BATON ROUGE PARISH'


            Year Urban           Northwest     Northeast'    Central       Southern       Total


            1978 10,316          28,603        53,579        11,703        14,105        118,306
            1985    7,608        28,896        53,157        11,550        11,011        112,222
            2040    3,061        27,739        52,596        10,548        2,711          96,655


             From Appendix J, Land Use Analysis



            5.2.1.2.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. Approximately 78 acres of wooded lands would be
            lost due to project construction measures. Habitat units lost due to preject construction
            utilizing the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Habitat Evaluation System (HES) would be 44
            annualized habitat value (HU-Vs). A complete analysis of the HES evaluation and
            recommended mitigation is included in Appendix E, Section 1. Lost habitat value is fully
            compensated with the offsite mitigation measures implemented according to the HES.
            There would be no net loss of habitat value. The habitat losses and the recommended
            mitigation utilizing the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Habitat Evaluation Procedures
            (HEP) for this and all other watersheds are displayed in Appendix F. The evaluation was
            done only for the Tentatively Selected Plan for each watershed in the HEP. A total of
            67.40 average annual habitat units (AAHU's) would be lost for all evaluation species as
            determined by the HEP for this alternative. Analysis of land use and stage frequency data
            for this and all other watersheds of the entire study area revealed that the impacts of stage
            reductions to the limited amount of wintering waterfowl habitat of this urban area were
            insignificant. The amount of forested wetlands upon which flooding would be reduced by
            this alternative, as well as any other action alternative of this or any other watershed,
            would be minimal in this urban area. The effects of visual losses of these resources are
            covered in the paragraphs on aesthetics. The location of the habitat -mitigation sites
            adjacent to existing public use parks within the parish as possible will allow the public to
            benefit from those areas for nature enjoyment, scientific study, and diversity of land use.
            Loss of the value of individual trees to residents can be minimized if construction is
            conducted with a concern for minimization of those losses. Increased urban growth with,
            some associated conversion of wooded lands may be an indirect effect of the proposed
            action.


            5.2.1.2.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. Implementation of this alternative would be very
            similar to Plan JCCL-Pl. However, approximately 52 acres would be impacted by
            construction measures with a corresponding habitat loss of 29 HU`Vs. The offshe habitat
            mitigation plan developed would fully offset those habitat losses.


                                                     EIS-38











                          5.2.1.3. THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES


                          5.2.1.3.1. Resource Significance. Letter requests were made early in project design to the
                          U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (TJSFWS) and the National Marine Fisheries Service
                          (NNES) to determine ff any listed threatened or endangered species or any species
                          proposed for such listing occur in the study area. A similar request was also made to the
                          Louisiana Natural Heritage Program (LNHP) for information on species of their concern.
                          All of the agencies responded. Pertinent correspondence is included in Appendix E,
                          Section 4. The NNFS replied initially with a list of species that may occur in the marine
                          environment 6ff coastal Louisiana. A responding letter sent by the District explained more
                          specifically the location of the proposed work in relation to the marine environment and
                          made the determination that the work would not effect the continued existence of any of
                          the species listed in their initial letter. A subsequent letter received from the NMFS agreed
                          with the determination that populations of endangered species under their purview would
                          not be adversely affected by the proposed action.

                          A request was made in later stage project design to the USFWS explaining in more detail
                          the kind and extent of proposed modifications. The USFWS did express a concern for the
                          inflated heelsplitter, a threatened species, in the Amite River, and the bald eagle.
                          However, due to the limited amount of work on the lower end of Jones Creek, they
                          acknowledged that they anticipate no adverse affect to the inflated heelsplitter as a result
                          of the proposed work. The USFWS mentions the concern for the bald eagle. A nest is in
                          the vicinity of Bayou Fountain but has not been used since the 1990 nesting season.
                          However, abandoned nests are monitored for five years after last known use. No mention
                          was made of eagles nesting in any other watershed.

                          The LNHP replied early in project design that a significant natural habitat occurs on one of
                          the watersheds, Ward Creek, on the Louisiana State University (LSU) Burden Research
                          Plantation. They stated that the area is a virgin or old-growth Prairie Terrace Loess Forest
                          that is currently registered with the Louisiana Natural Areas Re      try Program (see
                                                                                             gis
                          Appendix E, Section 4).

                          The inflated heelsplitter, Potamilus inflatus is a freshwater mussel, the existence of which
                          is reportedly threatened by gravel dredging, flood control, and navigation interests. Stem
                          (1976) reports the preferred habitat of the inflated heelsplitter is sok stable substrates in
                          slow to moderate currents. Hartfield (1988) reports it has been found in sand, mud, silt,
                          and sandy-gravel, but not in large gravel or armored gravel. It is usually found on the
                          protected side of bars and may occur in depths of over 20 feet. Limited amounts of
                          siltation may suffocate juveniles whereas adults could survive. Historically, the heelsplitter
                          occurred in the Tangipahoa River as well as the Amite River in Louisian& It has not been
                          reported from the Comite River. It also occurred in the Pearl River in Mississippi as well
                          as the Tombigbee, Black Warrior, Alabama, and Coosa Rivers in Alabama. Recent


                                                                       EIS-39









            surveys indicate the heelsplitter is no longer found in the Alabama River, nor in the Coosa
            River, although the origmal records within the Coosa have been doubted. Also, the
            beelsplitter is no longer found in the Tangipahoa and Pearl Rivers. Populations within the
            remaining rivers have been much reduced. Listed species are accorded protection under
            the Endangered Species Act and are subject to its provisions, including Section 7.

            The bald eagle, Haliaeetus leucoce-phalus, is a migratory raptor typically found in coastal
            areas or adjacent to lakes or rivers in Louisiana. Nesting in the South occurs from October
            1 through May 15. Nests are found in large, prominent trees with tops sufficiently large to
            support nests of sizes that may reach as much as twelve feet in height and eight feet in
            width. A nesting territory is made up of the nest tree and several perch trees that may be
            located as much as one-quarter mile away fiom the nest tree. Tolerance to disturbance is
            least during egg laying, incubation, and the first several weeks after hatching. Fish is a
            favored food of eagles but waterfowl, typically coots in Louisiana, make up a large portion
            of the diet also. It is noted that the nest that was found is not in the Jones Creek
            Watershed.


            5.2.1.3.2. Effects of No Action. Since the NUFS has indicated no species under their
            purview would be adversely effected by the proposed action, no further comments are
            appropriate regarding those species. However, the threatened status of the inflated
            heelsplitter indicates that activities in areas where these creatures exist may be causing a
            decline in populations. A definite statement, however, of whether this species would or
            would not be present for the next 50 years cannot be made with any degree of accuracy.
            The most limiting factor to the existence of the heelsplitter is the amount of activity of any
            action that abruptly cuts away or buries heelsplitter colonies in the Amite River. Naturally
            occurring transport of sediment caused by unrestricted flows including flood flows is
            evidently a necessary factor to the existence of the heelsplitter mussel. The current
            sediment transport capacity for the one-year event and the five-year event of 16,000 and
           1430,000 tons per day, respectively, on the Amite River near Bayou Manchac would be
            maintained. The remnant old-growth forest mentioned by the LNIHP would probably be
            left intact since it receives a considerable amount of protection by being on the property of
            the LSU Research Plantation. However, this forest is limited to the Ward Creek watershed
            only. The eagle nest may not be used again if the use in recent years can be used as an
            indicator of future use.


            5.2.1.3.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. The eagle nest, and thus the nesting bald eagles,
            would not be affected by any plan since the nest is not located in this watershed.
            Implementation of this or any other alternative would result in essentially the same effects.
            Overall, the proposed channel improvements would not result in a reduction of flood
            runoff volume. Also, the frequency of peak discharges would remain essentially
            unchanged. The proposed improvements would affect conveyance. Concrete lining would
            increase conveyance, but would greatly reduce the source of sediment to be transported.


                                                        EIS-40






  0                      Bank erosion would be significantly reduced throughout a large part of the Jones Creek
                         watershed, therefore, the amount of transported material would be minimi@ Some
                         erosion would still occur on the lower section of Jones Creek immediately below Jones
                         Creek Road, however, erosion is not nearly as pronounced in that segment as in upstream
                         segments of the watershed. The backwater effects of the Amite is a major factor
                         influencing stages, conveyance, and sediment deposition at this area. `Ihe actual
                         construction of the concrete lining or the actual clearing and snagging work, however,
                         would result in immediate increases in turbidity levels during construction on the
                         downstream segments that could be evident even in the Amite River at some times. Once
                         within the river, the flows of the Amite would rapidly move any remaining sediment
                         introduced by Jones Creek. In summary, it is anticipated that there would be little change
                         in the transport capacity of the lower segment of Jones Creek near the Amite River.
                         Furthermore, the wmsport capacity of the significantly larger Amite River is more than
                         adequate to move any introduced materials without any anticipated adverse effects such as
                         quick release of particles from suspension in the river and, thus, possible suffocation to the
                         heelsplitter.

                         5.2.1.3.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. The effects of this alternative would be very similar
                         to the effects of the previous alternative but less pronounced since no work would be
                         included on the tributaries.


                         5.2.1.4 AQUATIC RESOURCES

                         General. For the purpose of this document, aquatic resources of the study area are
                         separated into water quality and ecological features.

                         5.2.1.4.1. Water Quality Features

                         5.2.1.4. 1. 1. Significance. The project streams located in the study area are not specifically
                         listed in Louisiana's water quality standards. However, as they are all either tributaries,
                         distributaries or interconnected streams of the Comite and Amite Rivers they all have
                         primary contact recreation, secondary contact recreation and propagation of fish and
                         wildlife as their designated water uses. No segments of the project streams, the Comite
                         River or the Amite River in the study area are designated as outstanding natural resource
                         waters. In 1988 the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) assessed the
                         Comite River, from the entrance of White Bayou to the Amite River, as partially
                         supportive of its designated water uses. This assessment was based on information other
                         than current site-specific ambient water quality data, such as direct observations and
                         general knowledge of the waterbody, location of Pollution sources, citizen complaints, fish
                         kill investigations, fishing success, and short-term intensive surveys and fisheries surveys.
                         The LDEQ also assessed the Amite River, from La. Hwy. 37 to the Amite River Diversion
                         Canal, as partially supportive of its designated water uses. This assessment was based


                                                                   EIS-41










            solely on current site-specific ambient water quality data. Dissolved oxygen concentrations
            and fecal coliform. counts were the primary parameters of concern in this assessment.

            Lake Maurepas, the eventual receiver of all waters from the East Baton Rouge Parish area,
            also has primary contact recreation, secondary contact recreation and propagation of fish
            and wildlife as its designated water uses. Based on information other than cun-ent
            site-specific ambient water quality data, the LDEQ has assessed Lake Maurepas as fully
            supportive of its designated water uses.

            5.2.1.4.1.2. Effects of No Action. There is no indication that the water quality of the
            Comite River, Amite River, Lake Maurepas, or any of the East Baton Rouge Parish
            watersheds would worsen without the project. In fact, it seems that the water quality of the
            aforementioned waterbodies would improve as a result of the implementation of the best
            management practices as set forth in the Louisiana Water Quality Management Plan.
            Implementation of East Baton Rouge Parish's plan to divert a large portion of the
            municipal waste that is currently being discharged into tributaries of the Amite River into
            the Mississippi River would also improve the water quality in the aforementioned
            waterbodies.


            5.2.1.4.1.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. Both concrete lining and also clearing and snagging
            of channels are used to increase stream capacity for flood control. The impacts of concrete
            lining may be similar, but are much greater than those resulting from clearing and
            snagging. Stream bottoms and side slopes must be denuded of all vegetative materials to
            begin the work. Concrete surfaces leach out chemical substances. Mostly carbonates and
            hydroxides of calcium and magnesium come from cement mixing operations and from the
            cement itself. Although the greatest amount of leaching occurs during and immediately
            after construction, long-term leaching undoubtedly takes place.

            Construction activities such as site preparation, development of access routes, and actual
            excavation causing the suspension of bottom sediments would result in increased turbidity
            levels in the above streams. The removal of any shading stream bank-,cover would elevate
            the temperature of the streams. Depressed oxygen levels would likely occur as the result
            of disturbing unoxidized bottom sediments having high chemical and biological oxygen
            demands, although the extent of reduced oxygen levels would largely depend on the nature
            of the disturbed sediment. Elutriate analyses indicates that there would not be any
            significant adverse water quality impacts associated with the resuspension or redissolving
            of heavy metals in the stream bed materials. No significant differences in nutrient and
            contaminant fecal levels are expected because these levels are usually related to types of
            land use and their distribution within the drdinage basin. These impacts are temporary in
            nature and would diminish soon after the completion of the project. By and large,
            especially at times of moderate to high flows, channel improvements facilitate water flow
            and flushing. As a result of the increased assimilative capacity of the stream, the water


                                                       EIS-42










                        quality with respect to many parameters, and particularly dissolved oxygen content, may
                        increase after the channel improvements. Also, clearing and snagging may remove many
                        problem materials, thus speeding up the recovery time of a stream. This plan should not
                        have any significant long-term impacts on Lake Maurepas. Short-term turbidity increases
                        are expected in the Amite River. No adverse water quality impacts are anticipated as a
                        result of any tree plantings or bike path on Jones Creek. In fact, any tree plantings on the
                        streams would have positive water quality impacts, such as providing shade cover for the
                        streams, preventing soil erosion and contaminant leaching from surface runoff into the
                        streams, and precluding future development adjacent to the streams.

                        5.2.1.4.1.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. The effects of this plan am similar to, but less
                        adverse than Plan JCCL-1, since no construction would be conducted on any tributaries of
                        Jones Creek.


                        5.2.1.4.2. Ecological Features

                        5.2.1.4.2.1. Significance. The watercourses of the area have limited significance from an
                        ecological standpoint. Since their main function is conveyance for urban runoff, their
                        ecological significance is simply because of their contribution to downstream habitats and
                        not because of their high habitat value . Virtually all of the streams and channels in the
                        area have been altered by prior enlargement or clearing and snagging activities. Woody
                        vegetation has been removed from the side slopes in most portions within the heavily
                        urbanized areas. Benthos is made up of organisms that can exist in bottoms of very low
                        dissolved oxygen. Consequently, those habitats definitely do not support a significant
                        population of harvestable sized sport or commercial fishes. However, those areas do
                        support sufficient numbers of minnows, mosquitofish, and other forage species to provide
                        food for other fishes higher up the food chain and for wading birds. The lowermost portion
                        of Jones Creek (or any other sa-eam) where the backwater effects of the receiving stream
                        or river is most prominent, is the most valuable portion from a fisheries population
                        standpoint.

                        5.2.1.4.2.2. Effects of No Action. This stream and its tributaries provide rather poor
                        habitat. Since the entire input to the stream is urban runoff, and development is still
                        occurring, any change would likely be a decline in aquatic habitat value. The lowermost
                        portion in the proximity of the Amite River would continue to be heavily influenced by
                        backwaters conditions of that watercourse. Channel banks would continue to be
                        maintained by cutting of small trees with application of stump killers and by application of
                        herbicides to the side slopes. The establishment of a native bermudagrass slope lining is
                        the intended goal of the program. Expansion of the program is projected, therefore, native
                        bermudagrass as well as some other resistant grasses would continue to survive. Tolerant
                        minnows as well as other species inhabiting waters with low dissolved oxygen content
                        would continue to survive.


                                                                  EIS-43










            5.2.1.4.2.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. This plan consists of clearing and snagging of the
            lower 3.4 miles of Jones Creek and concrete lining of approx 16.3 miles of channels on
            Jones Creek and its tributaries. Concrete lining would initially provide an essentially
            barren substrate with nothing for burrowers to inhabit. However, after several rains
            sediments would accumulate and would then begin to provide a substrate sufficient for
            limited development of some benthic organisms. These organisms would not likely be of
            the type utilized by commercially important fish, but rather would be of the type tolerant
            to prolonged periods of low dissolved oxygen. The leaching of carbonates and hydroxides
            from calcium and magnesium from the concrete may restrict the development of organisms
            for some time but this would become more and more minimal with time. The forces of
            passing floodwaters readily removes easily erodible materials from concrete surfaces.
            Clearing and snagging would remove all accumulated obstructions including sediment
            accumulations at certain locations and would result in areas of denuded channel banks and
            channel bottoms. Trees would be cut and removed to the top of the bank line. The
            removal of the cover of grasses from channel slopes would allow unfiltered runoff and
            erosion from side slopes. However, post-construction grass plantings on those side slopes
            and top of bank would quickly minimize those impacts. The removal of snags where they
            occur would remove some diversity; however, very little exists in the area at present.
            Turbidity and instream temperatures would be increased as a result of clearing and
            snagging, but this would have little significant impacts on the fishery that is so degraded
            now. Aesthetic mitigation measures consisting of plantings of trees and shrubs in selected
            areas could eventually result in a band of adjacent trees along those portions of the channel
            where right-of-way is sufficiently wide to allow planting. From an ecological standpoint it
            would create shade, reduce water temperatures, and produce organic matter for input into
            the watercourse. This good type of organic matter rather than "poor input" (referring to
            runoff from lawns and industrial areas) would be a change to the source of productivity of
            the stream and the entire downstream system. Additionally, the off-site wildlife habitat
            mitigation measure for this alternative of reforestation of a designated acreage of open
            lands would provide a more desired source for runoff when considering the source of
            waters for this resource, than would lands in a cleared condition in the mitigation area. In
            sum, the imPlementation of this alternative would result in a negligible negative effect on
            aquatic productivity over the no action alternative when considering the entire length of the
            affected watercourse and the runoff from the mitigation area. Aquatic resources
            downstream of the construction area may receive higher water volumes and possibly higher
            stages over a reduced period during and immediately following very localized storms.
            When more widespread storms have resulted in higher stages in the receiving waters those
            effects would be less pronounced.

            4.2.1.4.2.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. This plan would consist of concrete lining and
            clearing and snagging, but would be confined to Jones Creek only. Approximately 3.4
            miles would be cleared and snagged (as with Plan JCCL-Pl) and 9.0 miles would be
            concrete lined. The overall effects of this alternative would be very similar but would be


                                                        EIS-44










                         less significant than the effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. The benefits of mitigation measures
                         would be similar to the previous plan.


                         5.2.1.5. CULTURAL RESOURCES


                         5.2.1.5.1. Significance. Channel maintenance or modification by non-federal entities has
                         been conducted along virtually all of Jones Creek as well as the tributaries, Lively Bayou
                         and Weiner Creek. The extent of these impacts was documented during a literature and
                         records research coupled with reconnaissance fieldwork by Goodwin et al. (1990). This
                         research was conducted as part of the current feasibility study. Louisiana State Site
                         Records indicate there are three sites which may be located within the project area. Two
                         of these (16EBR13, 16EBR26) have not been assessed in terms of their National Register
                         significance. The Addison site (16EBR27), was reported to have been destroyed during
                         the construction of Interstate 10 and is not significant (Goodwin et al. 1990).

                         5.2.1.5.2. Effects of No Action. Channelization, enlargement, and construction within the
                         project area is likely to continue as urbanization continues. It appears unli ly that
                         significant cultural resources will be encountered due to impacts already sustained to the
                         project area.

                         5.2.1.5.3. Effects of Plans JCCL-Pl and JCCL-P3. The proposed plan for the project area
                         consists of clearing and snagging the downstream segment of Jones Creek from its mouth
                         to Jones Creek Road and widening and lining the upstream segment of Jones Creek and its
                         tributaries. These tributaries consist of Weiner Creek, Lively Bayou and an unnamed
                         tributary.

                         Investigations conducted during the feasibility study indicate that channel maintenance or
                         modification has impacted virtually all of the project area (Goodwin et al. 1990). No
                         further survey is planned in the project area. The State Historic Preservation Officer
                         (SBPO) has been informed of the decision. Previous investigations have identified duve
                         archeological sites in the project area: 16EBR13, 16EBR26, and 16EBR27. Site 16EBR13
                         is located in the downstream portion of Jones Creek. Plans for clearing and snagging for
                         this segment will not impact the site. The Palmar site (16EBR26) is described as an
                         prehistoric midden, that may have been redeposited with other dredged material during
                         previous channel maintenance. The site could be impacted by channel widening which is
                         planned on Lively Bayou. Both 16EBR13 and 16EBR26 have not been assessed in terms
                         of their National Register significance. Previous channel improvements appear to have
                         impacted both sites and they are not expected to possess the quality of significance
                         necessary for inclusion on the National Register. 1he Addison Site (16EBR27), was
                         reported destroyed by highway construction by Goodwin et al. (1990). Therefore, no
                         further work is required at this site. The SHPO has been informed of these
                         recommendations (Appendix G).


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            5.2.1.6. RECREATION RESOURCES


            5.2.1.6.1. Sionificance. East Baton Rouge Parish has an aggressive recreation program
            providing recreational sites and programs for urban and rural areas alike. Existing
            recreational areas in East Baton Rouge Parish include numerous local parks, neighborhood
            playgrounds, country clubs, a zoo, state commemorative areas, etc. The Recreation and
            Parks Commission for the Parish of East Baton Rouge (BREC) in their most recent
            reporting year (1992), reports 136 BREC facilities on a total of 3,840 acres. Attendance at
            these sites is estimated at 8,309,801 annually. Many programs were expanded and new
            programs were added by BREC. Improvement include an Art Gallery at City Park, 15
            new centers, 26 new day camps, the Velodrome bike facility, a horse activity center, the
            fairgrounds, Highland Road tennis center, and many others. Golf courses witbin the BREC
            system registered 200,000 rounds of golf played in 1992. The Greater Baton Rouge Zoo
            experienced a total of 345,193 visitors as it observed its 20th anniversary. All of the 132
            tennis courts were highly utilized with annual tournaments being held at most of the tennis
            centers. Other popular activities offered at BREC facilities include women's co-ed sports,
            basketball, baseball, football, and fun runs. BREC parks are generally located in
            neighborhoods within walking or biking distance from most of the potential users. These
            parks are equidistant from each other providing the opportunity for high neighborhood
            utilization. Few formal bicycle riding tr-ails exist within the parish. Approximately
            4.5 miles of Class I bikeways and 5.2 miles of Class I[[ bikeways are present in East Baton
            Rouge Parish. Class I bikeways are bikeways which have a separate path for the exclusive
            use of bicycles. Class H bikeways generally consist of a shoulder of a roadway designated
            for preferential or exclusive use of bicycles.

            5.2.1.6.2. Effects of No Action. The no action alternative would not impact existing or
            future recreation planned within East Baton Rouge Parish. However, population expansion
            in Baton Rouge would, in time, overload existing recreation facilities requiring additional
            park development to satisfy the greater demand. The Horizon Plan, a comprehensive land
            use plan developed by the East Baton Rouge City Planning Commission, and long range
            plans of BREC identify substantial recreational improvements, including bike trails, parks,
            and other features for future development.

            5.2.1.6.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. Implementation of the recreation development plan
            associated with this alternative is projected to provide approximately 45,000 bicyclist user
            days annually.


            5.2.1.6.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. The effects of this alternative would be similar to the
            previous alternative. However, since no work would be done on the tributaries, total miles
            of paths constructed would be reduced, and user days would not be as numerous.





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                         5.2.1.7. AEST=C RESOURCES


                         5.2.1.7.1. Significance. Within East Baton Rouge Parish vegetation existing along the
                         various drainage corridors provides a variety of aesthetic and ecological benefits. Erosion
                         control, wildlife benefits, improvement of air quality and providing a scenic buffer zone,
                         are positive attributes attributable to these vegetative linear green spaces. Vegetation
                         existing along the stream banks also contributes to erosion control. The natural vegetative
                         growth of horizontal root systems limits bank erosion and contributes to stable banks. The
                         existing stream bank vegetation provides wildlife and bird habitats. In a world of concrete,
                         gas fumes, industrial corridors, and shopping centers, the sightings of native birds and
                         ground-dwelling wildlife is quite unique for a city. These green stream bank corridors
                         provide nesting and feeding areas for native fauna. These stream corridors increase the
                         abundance and diversity of wildlife in the city contributing to an overall aesthetic
                         neighborhood experience. Another advantage of greenway corridors in the city is the
                         reduction in pollution, creation of shade, and, thus, cooler spaces. In summer, shaded
                         vegetated stream bank areas can be as much as ten degrees cooler than non-shaded areas.
                         Air currents moving through the city over forested areas results in cooler air and lower
                         humidity. Preservation of natural areas where trees and native shrubs are allowed to
                         flourish assures that the associated aesthetic conditions are maintained. Greenways along
                         stream banks provide a buffer zone decreasing the nuisance of lights, noise, visual
                         unsightliness, etc., from the view of adjacent residents. Throughout the city, greenways
                         screen non-compatible use from aesthetic degradation by providing a spacial separation
                         between areas of different use within the city and by strengthening neighborhood identities.

                         5.2.1.7.2. Effects of No Action. Urbanization would continue to slowly diminish the
                         remaining green spaces including those along the watercourses within the city. The
                         demand for those areas would increase as the extent is diminished.


                         5.2.1.7.3. Effects of Plan JCCIPl. Approximately 78 acres of wooded stream banks
                         would be lost. Visual degradation would occur through the project loss of overstory
                         hardwood trees of the beech-magnolia type such as sweetgum, blackgum, water oak, cow
                         oak, southern magnolia, American beech, white ash, yellow poplar, and red maple.
                         h4idstory and understory species lost include ironwood, eastern hophornbeam, arrowwood,
                         bigleaf snowbell, silverbell, sweetleaf, and sourwood. Removal of these trees along the
                         upper stream bank corridor would delete the privacy and enclosure created by their
                         presence. Trees adjacent to the stream provide aesthetic benefits to adjacent landowners.
                         The removal of the stream bank riparian habitat and the associated wildlife would cause a
                         corresponding loss to the overall aesthetic appeal.

                         The aesthetic mitigation plan consists of the planting of approximately 4.25 miles of trees
                         and shrubs along the channel. The plan would return the lost green space, extensive screen
                         of trees and shrubs, and rural feeling to this urban area (see Appendix E, Section 2).


                                                                    EIS-47










            Additionally, those trees planted as part of the recreation development plan would also add
            aesthetic appeal and shade to the bike path (see Appendix E, Section 3).

            5.2.1.7.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. Implementation of this alternative would be very
            similar to Plan JCCL-Pl. However, aesthetic losses would be less since only 52 acres of
            stream bank vegetation would be losL Tberefore, less revegetation through new trees and
            shrubs would be needed.


            5.2.1.8. NOISE.


            5.2.1.8.1. Significance. Noise can be defined most simply as unwanted sound or sound in
            the wrong place at the wrong time. Noise can also be defined as any sound that is
            undesirable because it interferes with speech and hearing, is intense enough to damage
            hearing, or is otherwise annoying. Noise levels in the effected area are typically low in
            subdivisions and in outlying areas and are higher in the proximity of major streets and
            highways. The ambient dBA level in an urban residential community has been determined
            by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to be 60. The ambient noise along a
            major a-affic corridor would be higher, possibly to 70 dBA. East Baton Rouge Parish has
            established criteria or standards for environmental noise and has enacted them as a
            City/Parish ordinance. Maximum permissible noise levels measured in dBA (decibels) are
            listed in Sec. 12:102 of that ordinance for different zonings throughout the day. However,
            an exception to these prohibitions is allowed by Sec. 12:103 (b)(3) which states "Nothing
            in this chapter shall be construed to prohibit, restrict, penalize, enjoin or in any manner
            regulate any federal, state or local governmental agency or any employee or agent of the
            same in the hilfillmen of any official duty or activity sanctioned by or on behalf of the
            governmental agency."

            5.2.1.8.2. Effects of No Action. Noise levels in less developed areas would be expected
            to increase moderately with the projected increase in residential and commercial growth.

            5.2.1.8.3. Effects of Plan JCCIP I .. Noise levels would essentially be increased for all
            plans during construction due to the operation of equipment. Since the overall area is
            highly developed, it is acknowledged that project noises would be heard by a Large num
            of hearers both in commercial and residential areas. It is assumed that for this and each
            other alternative, the construction equipment would operate from 10 to 12 hours per day
            (depending upon the season), six days per week. Construction is projected to progress
            from the outlet end of the route to the inlet end. Noises associated with excavation and
            hauling of excavated material would progress gradually down the right-of-way. During
            certain phases of construction, noise impacts actually would be insignificant for certain
            periods of time. A decreasing circle of noise would be produced by the equipment as it
            moves along the construction route. The equipment (dozers, draglines, and hauling trucks)
            that would be working on the excavation would produce sound levels of approximately 102


                                                      EIS-48










                         dBA at 50 feet, 96 dBA at 100 feet, 90 dBA at 200 feet, and 84 dBA at 400 feet. Any
                         specific location would be exposed to these levels for varying amounts of time. The total
                         duration for project construction is projected to be approximately 72 months, 36 of which
                         is projected for construction on the tributaries of Jones Creek. Therefore, construction
                         noise could be heard at any time during daylight hours during that period. However, the
                         total duration of work includes all activities some of which would be much quieter than
                         the major construction activities. Also buildings and trees tend to restrict the effects of
                         sound-, therefore, construction noise may be muffled in some areas. EPA has a limit of 85
                         dBA for eight hours of continuous exposure to protect against permanent hearing loss.
                         The decibel levels associated with channel construction would be higher than this, but for a
                         relatively short duration; therefore, no hearing impairment should occur. Construction
                         workers would have protective hearing devices. Since construction would take place
                         during daylight hours, sleep interference should occur only for napping children and day
                         sleepers. Noise affects many bodily functions (heart rate, respiratory volume, digestive
                         secretions, hormonal secretions, etc.). If prolonged, the construction noise levels could
                         produce significant physiological damage. However, the relatively short duration of the
                         noise should prevent such problems. The noise would definitely be annoying to
                         inhabitants of all buildings within 400 feet of the actual work site. During the time the
                         noise is higher than 85 dBA, it would be difficult to hold a conversation within structures
                         with little insulation from noise.


                         5.2.1.8.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. The effects of this alternative would be very similar
                         to the previous alternative; however, the projected duration of construction is 41 months.


                         5.2.1.9. VECTORS


                         5.2.1.9.1. Significance. Vectors in the project area include a variety of mosquitoes, the
                         most common genera being Anolpheles Aedes and Culex. Some species inhabit various
                         habitats while others are more restricted. Some species, such as Aedes solicitans breed
                         only in temporary water while others, such as Culex. salinarius, require permanent water
                         for breeding. The most common vector-borne diseases are infectious equine
                         anaplasmosis, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis.

                         5.2.1.9.2. Effects of No Action. No change in the present populations or factors affecting
                         the populations of mosquitoes are projected in the project area. An active mosquito
                         control program is presently in existence and is projected to be continued.

                         5.2.1.9.3. Effects of All Plans. Implementation of any alternative would result in no
                         projected change in vector populations. Improved channels and adjacent top-of-bank areas
                         would be shaped to eliminate the occurrence of standing water. Depressions made by
                         equipment during construction would provide the potential for development of mosquito



                                                                    EIS49










            habitat. Current controls should be adequate to maintain populations at desired levels.
            Control would be necessary ff noticeable population increases occurred.


            5.2.1.10. SOCIOECONONUC RESOURCES


            The purpose of this section is to describe the more significant social and economic
            conditions of the area and to identify potential impacts of various project alternatives,
            including no Federal action.

            5.2.1.10.1. Land Use.


            5.2.1.10.2. Significance. Table 5-2-1-10-1 shows historical land usage in East Baton
            Rouge Parish for 1972, 1978, and 1985. Urban land has increased dramatically largely at
            the expense of agricultural and forest lands.

            The demand for urban land has onginated largely from the growth of petro-chemical
            processing industries, deep-water port facilities, the development of state government,
            increases in higher education, and the need for additional residential developments. The
            state capitol and the main campuses of Louisiana State University (LSU) and Southern
            University are located in Baton Rouge.

            5.2.1.10.1.2. Effects of No Action. The general effects of no action would include the
            contmued level of flood hazard in the Jones Creek Watershed. Several of the sub-basins in
            this watershed are virtually completely developed at the present time. Ile trend of
            increasing urban growth can be expected to continue in those areas not fully developed



                                                TABLE 5-2-1-10-1
                                      Land Use In East Baton Rouge Parish
                                                    (in acres)



                                           1972                 1978                  1985



            Urban                          53,195               79,176                93,054
            Agricultural                  126,317               92,407                86,660
            Forest                         82,702               83,088                76,754
            Water                          1,100                    867               1,130
            Wetlands                       5,357                 6,917                6,5  93
            Other                          1,049                 7,265                5,529

                Totals                    269,720              269,720              269,720






                                                      EIS-50










                         although probably not at tile rate experienced dunng the late 1970's and early 1980's.
                         Increases in urban land will occur through the continued conversion of agricultural and
                         forest lands, influenced in part by an area's level of flood protection. 1985 land use for
                         the Jones Creek Watershed is shown in Table 5-2-1-10-2. It is noted that the lack of
                         wetlands shown in the table should not be interpreted that there are absolutely no wetlands
                         in the watershed. It means that any wetlands in the watershed are so scattered and
                         fragmented that they could not be picked up in the survey.

                         5.2.1.10.1.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. The immediate effects of this plan on land use
                         would be a reduction in the current level of flood hazard that threatens developments in
                         the less protected areas of the watershed, primarily, residential developments. There would
                         be no direct changes in land use due to construction.



                                                             TABLE 5-2-1-10-2
                                                   Jones Creek Watershed 1985 Land Use



                         Basin          Urban    Agri   Forest   Water Wetlands Other Total


                           22           8,272     725     1,703       0        0         30    10,730
                           23           1,120        0       30       0        0           0     1,150
                           24           1,969     143       793       0        0        200      3,105
                           28           1,602     107        61      11        0         48      1,829



                           Total       12,963     975     2,587      11        0        278    16,814




                         5.2.1.10.1.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. Similar to Plan JCCL-P1 but with less flood
                         reduction as no improvements are planned for the tributaries.

                         5.2.1.10.2. Housing.

                         5.2.1.10.2.1. Significance. Much of the urban land and some of the rural portion of the
                         flood plain are used for residential development. The total number of housing units in
                         East Baton Rouge Parish has increased steadily from 88,959 in 1970 to 133,635 in 1980 to
                         156,767 in 1990. The 1990 density of 344 housing units per square mile, as expected, is
                         much higher than the state average of 39 per square mile.

                         5.2.1.10.2.2. Effects of No Action. The effect of no action, or the lack of any other flood
                         control program, would result in the continued periodic flooding of those houses within the
                         watershed that have inadequate flood protection. Recent survey of this watershed indicates


                                                                   EIS-51










             that approximately 1,532 residential structures have floor elevations at or below the current
             loo-year level of flood protection. Current insurance programs for homeowners encourage
             new construction to provide greater protection.

             5.2.1.10.2.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. Completion of this plan would substantially reduce
             the threat of flooding within the watershed. With the project in place, the number of
             residential structures with floor elevations at or below the 100-year level of protection
             would decline from 1,532 to 36.

             5.2.1.10.2.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-1@3. Similar to Plan JCCL-Pl but less of a reduction in
             the threat of flooding, since there is no improvements along the tributaries. This plan
             would leave approximately 465 residential structures at or below the 100-year level of
             protection.


             5.2.1.10.3. Property Value.

             5.2.1.10.3.1. Significance Property values in East Baton Rouge Parish are influenced by
             a wide variety of factors, including the level of flood protection. Other factors influencing
             property values include such things as economic development, urban amenities, access to
             transportation systems, and proximity to scenic landscapes and recreational opportunities.
             All other things being equal, the unit values of protected land tends to be higher than
             unprotected land. This is particularly significant in or around urban developments where a
             wide variety of interests, both private and public, must compete for a limited amount of
             land. The potential for expansion in the Baton Rouge urbanized area is restricted by the
             Nfississippi River to the west and south, and by wetlands to the south and east. These
             factors significantly influence existing and future property values. Table 5-2-1-10-3 shows
             the assessed valuation of property in East Baton Rouge Parish for the last 10 years.

             5.2.1.10.3.2. Effects of No Action. Under no Federal action, the value of property with
             adequate flood protection in the watershed would tend to increase as the general economy
             of the Baton Rouge area improves and as the demand for development increased. The
             value of property without adequate flood protection, however, is unlikely to increase as
             rapidly and could eventually decline, as developers seek opportunities for investment
             elsewhere.


             5.2.1.10.3.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. The drainage improvements offered by this plan
             would tend to raise the value of existing developments where the potential for flood
             damage is the greatest. The value of undeveloped areas would also tend to rise. Concrete
             lining of the channel will eliminate erosion problems which should also improve property
             values.





                                                        EIS-52













                                                    TABLE 5-2-1-10-3
                                              Assessed Valuation of Property
                                                in East Baton Rouge Parish


                                     Year                     value



                                     1979                       907.8
                                     1980                       975.9
                                     1981                    1,035.3
                                     1982                    1,295.0
                                     1983                    1,337.0
                                     1984                    1,404.8
                                     1985                    1,509.2
                                     1986                    1,549.2
                                     1987                    1,545.2
                                     1988                    1,500.3



                       Millions of Dollars.



                     5.2.1.10.3.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3 Impacts to property values would be similar to
                     Plan JCCL-P1.


                     5.2.1.10.4. Business and Industry.


                     5.2.1.10.4.1. Significance. Business and industry in the vicinity of Baton Rouge have
                     developed largely by the expansion of port activities, petro-chemical processing plants, and
                     related sales and services. Wholesale, retail, and service industries have been attracted by
                     these basic industries, as well as by the professional and technical needs of state
                     govermnent. Baton Rouge is also the location of the main campuses of Louisiana State
                     University and Southern University. Table 5-2-1-10-4 shows the growth of business and
                     industry in Easf-Baton Rouge Parish.

                     5.2.1.10.4.2. Effects of No Action. Recent trends and the existing infi-astructure suggest
                     an eventual recovery of port activities and potential for continued economic growth,
                     although at rates below those experienced during the rapid expansion of the Gulf Coast's
                     oil boom.


                     5.2.1.10.4.3. Effects of Plan JCM-Pl. Improved flood protection would reduce physical
                     damages to businesses and industries, as well as reduce possible disruption of normal
                     business activities, with an accompanying income loss.

                     5.2.1.10.4.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. Impacts would be similar to Plan JCCL-Pl.


                                                         EIS-53










            5.2.1.10.4.5. Employment.

            5.2.1.10.4.5.1. Significance. Table 5-2-1-10-5 shows employment and unemployment
            trends for East Baton Rouge Parish. Employment increased for every year shown except
            1983 which was due primarily to the decline in oil production and related petro-chemical
            industries. Unemployment increased dramatically during the 80's due to the
            aforementioned oil decline, fluctuations in port activities, and reductions in related services.
            In 1988, unemployment in East Baton Rouge Parish was about 8.3 percent while
            unemployment nationwide was reported to be 5.3 percent.

            5.2.1.10.5.2. Effects of No Action. Employment is expected to increase as economic
            conditions improve during the 1990's. The rate of increase should be slightly greater than
            the populations increase, as a greater number of women join the work force.



                                              TABLE 5-2-1-10-4
                                      Business and Manufacturing Trends
                                               East Baton Rouge


                                      1967          1977          1982          1987


            Manufacturers
              of establishments           194          291           306           323
              of employees            16,100        17,800       18,300        13,000

            Wholesale Trade
              of establishments           463          655           777           829
              of employees            5,414         8,539        11,101          9,308

            Retail Trade
            # of establishments       1,902         2,441         2,850          2,331
            # of employees            14,140        23,592       29,515        31,948

            Services
              of establishments       1,411         2,738         (N/A)        --3,099
              of employees            5,408         14,392       25,771        29,387




            5.2.1.10.5.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. Employment generated by construction of the
            project would tend to be temporary. In addition to employment generated by construction
            of the project, the improved flood protection would indirectly help control overall
            economic development costs and enhance employment opportunities.







                                                    EIS-54













                                                       TABLE 5-2-1-10-5
                                           Civilian Employment(Unemployment Trends
                                                    East Baton Rouge Parish


                                             Civilian                          Unemployment
                      Employment           Labor Force   Employed Unemployed       Percent


                         1960                  83,805      78,567      51,136        6.1
                         1970                107,422     102,577        4,845        4.5
                         1980                171,057     161,997        9,060        5.3
                         1983                174,600     160,000       14,600        8.4
                         1988                200,800     184,100       16,700        8.3




                      5.2.1.10.5.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. Impacts would be similar to those of Plan JCCL-
                      P1. The smaller project (no work on the tributaries) would reduce the effects of
                      employment created directly by the project.

                      5.2.1.10.6. Community and Regional Growth.

                      5.2.1.10.6. 1. Significance. Community and regional growth trends in the vicinity of Baton
                      Rouge have been influenced Largely by economic developments, including port and petro-
                      chemical activities, by the expansion of governmental services centered at the state capitol,
                      and the growth of LSU and Southem University. As a result of this growth and continued
                      population increase, this watershed and the parish have required additional flood
                      protection.

                      5.2.1.10.6.2. Effects of No Action. Historically, growth has occurred from the Mississippi
                      River to the east-southeast along Interstate Highway 10 and 12. Much of the land along
                      the Jones Creek tributaries are fully developed so future growth should occur along the
                      main stem located between the two interstate highways. Some g6wt@ would occur even
                      without additional flood protection.

                      5.2.1.10.6.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-P1. Improved drainage throughout the entire watershed
                      would facilitate continued growth from east to west.

                      5.2.1.10.6.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. Impacts would be similar to- Plan JCCL-P 1.








                                                            EIS-55










             5.2.1.10.7. Displacement of People.

             5.2.1.10.7.1. Significance. As discussed in the section of Housing, some 1,532 residential
             structures are located within the 100-year flood zone. Assuming that the size of an
             average household within this zone is about the same as an average household in East
             Baton Rouge Parish as reported in the 1990 census, or 2.65 persons, the total population
             living within this 100-year flood zone is about 4,060.

             5.2.1.10.7.2. Effects of No Action. The periodic flooding of some residences within the
             watershed could cause those living in the lower elevations to move, seeldng shelter in
             more protected areas.


             5.2.1.10.7.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. Assuming the average number of persons per
             household within the 100-year flood zone would be 2.65 (similar to the number of persons
             per household living in East Baton Rouge Parish in 1990), this plan would reduce the total
             num     of people i the 100-year floodplain from 4,000 to 100, a reduction of 3,900.
             Flooding which occurs with greater frequency, would also be reduced, reducing the
             possibility of displacement to people living in houses with less than 100-year flood
             protection. No relocation of residential structures will be required due to construction.

             5.2.1.10.7.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. The impacts would be similar to Plan JCCL-Pl.
             An estimated 2,770 people currently living in the 100-year flood zone would no longer be
             subject to floods of this frequency, and possible displacement.

             5.2.1.10.8. Displacement of Farms.

             5.2.1.10.8.l. Sixfficance. Agricultural land in East Baton Rouge Parish decreased by
             40,000 acres from 1972 to 1985. While this acreage is decreasing, it still accounts for
             32 percent of the total. Most of the remaining agriculture land is in the northern half of
             the parish and the extreme southern sub-basin of Bayou Fountain. As discussed
             previously, the pattern of urban expansion has resulted largely from- the conversion of
             agricultural and forest land to urban uses.

             5.2.1.10.8.2. Effects of No Action. Only 975 acres of agricultural land remain in this
             watershed. Under without-project conditions, a further decrease is expected as the
             population grows and changes in technology continue.

             5.2.1.10.8.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. Improved flood protection would probably have a
             minimal impact on farms in this watershed. The alternative, as well as any other flood
             control measure of this or any other watershed, would reduce the annual flooding on a
             mmimal amount of wetlands, including farmed wetlands. These lands may be subject to
             the wedand conversion provisions of the Food Security Act of 1985 (Public Law 99-198).


                                                        EIS-56










                         These provisions discourage conversions of farmed wetlands and abandoned farmed
                         wetlands for the production of an agricultural commodity. The means of discouraging
                         such activities include sharply reducing the participating landowner or operator's eligibility
                         in a num     of USDA programs including any type of price support, certain farm loans
                         including house loans, disaster payments, and crop insurance. Therefore, the financial
                         consequences to any individual unfamiliar with Public Law 99-198 who produces
                         agricultural commodities on farmed wetlands or even abandoned farmed wetlands that are
                         converted (by the flood reductions of this alternative), could be severe. However, the
                         District Conservationist of the USDA's Soil Conservation Service indicates (see
                         Appendix E, Section 6) that there is very little land that would be classified as farmed
                         wetland (that could be converted) within the area where flood reductions would be
                         produced (wetlands converted) by the project. Construction features of this plan would not
                         unpact any agricultural land, however, 70 acres zoned as farmland would be converted to
                         permanently forested land with implementation of the offsite mitigation feature.

                         5.2.1.10.8.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. Impacts would be similar to Plan JCCL-Pl, but
                         fewer acres (47) zoned as farmland would be converted to permanently forested land with
                         implementation of the ofEsite mitigation feature.


                         5.2.1.10.9. Public Facilities and Services.


                         5.2.1.10.9. 1. Significance. Public facilities and services in East Baton Rouge Parish
                         include roads, bridges, streets, utilities, schools, fare and police protection, waste disposal,
                         and other facilities and services normally available in a metropolitan area. Baton Rouge is
                         also the seat of state government and is the location of the main campuses of Louisiana
                         State University and Southern University. Adequate drainage and flood control are
                         necessary to sustain the continued maintenance and development of these public facilities
                         and services.


                         5.2.1.10.9.2. Effects of No Action. The expansion of public facilities and services would
                         probably follow previous patterns of population growth to the east-southeast along the
                         interstate highways.

                         5.2.1.10.9.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. With improved flood protection, economic
                         developments and residential expansion would also probably follow previous patterns; and
                         the demand for public facilities and services would follow as well. This plan would not
                         require relocations of any public and quasi-public facilities and services (e.g. roads,
                         bridges, pipelines, etc.).

                         5.2.1.10.9.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. Similar impacts to Plan JCCL-Pl.




                                                                    EIS-57












            5.2.1.10.10. Tax Revenues.


            5.2.1.10.10.1. Significance. Tax revenues directly related to changes in the level of flood
            protection do not represent a major source of local or state revenues. More significant
            sources of revenue come from the collection of sales and income tax, only indirectly
            influenced by an area's level of flood protection.

            5.2.1.10.10.2. Effects of No Action. Without additional flood protection in the marginally
            protected ports, economic development would be attracted to other areas where the
            potential for revenues would be greater.

            5.2.1.10.10.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-P1. Improved flood protection could attract
            development in areas where protection is currently marginal or inadequate. The increased
            development and improved protection would help to maintain the stability of the tax base.

            5.2.1.10.10.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. Impacts would be similar to Plan JCCL-P1.

            5.2.1.10.11. Community Cohesion.

            5.2.1.10.11.1. Significance. Community cohesion can best be defined as a "sense of
            community" among members of a neighborhood, subdivision, or small community. While
            the general consensus of community opinion within East Baton Rouge Parish seems to
            support the level of flood protection required for economic and residential growth along
            Uaditional trends, concerns over the potential for adverse environmental impacts appear to
            have increased in recent years, including the impacts to fish and wildlife resources and
            scenic streams, as well as other conditions affecting human health and the quality of fife.
            The environmental review process is designed to give the public an opportunity to
            comment on proposals influencing individual concerns and the concerns of the community
            at large. In general, the level of support expressed by local and state officials reflects the
            desires of the community.

            5.2.1.10.11.2. Effects of No Action. If no action is taken to improve flood protection in
            the watershed, residents who are experiencing frequent flooding may eventually choose to
            relocate.


            5.2.1.10.11.3. Effects of Plan JCCL-Pl. Minimal impact to community cohesion as flood
            protection is improved with very little environmental changes.

            5.2.1.10.11.4. Effects of Plan JCCL-P3. Similar impacts to Plan JCCL-Pl.






                                                      EIS-58











                         5.2.2 Ward Creek B M*


                         5.2.2.1. AGRICULTURAL LANDS


                         5.2.2.1.1. Si    cance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.2.1.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


                         5.2.2.1.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. This is essentially the same as for this category
                         under Jones Creek@ but implementation of mitigation for this alternative would consist of
                         the conversion of prime and unique farmlands equal to approximately 7 percent of the
                         combined mitigation plan conversion.


                         5.2.2.2. BOTTONILAND HARDWOOD FORESTS


                         5.2.2.2.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.2.2.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.2.2.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. This is essentially the same as for this category
                         under Jones Creek, but 22 acres and 12 HUVs, according to the HES, would be lost due to
                         construction of flood control features. These losses would be fully compensated with the
                         habitat mitigation plan. A total of 19.15 AAHU's would be lost for all evaluation species
                         as determined by the HEP for this alternative.


                         5.2.2.3. THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES


                         5.2.2.3.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek. It is
                         noted that the eagle nest mentioned is not in the Ward Creek area.

                         5.2.2.3.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.2.3.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. This is essentially the same as for this category
                         under Jones Creek. It is noted that flows from this watershed are deposited into Bayou
                         Manchac. There sediments are slowly released from suspension and some finer materials
                         would be transported to the Amite River. There would be no effects resulting from
                         implementation of this alternative to the special old-growth wooded area of concern
                         mentioned by the LNHP. Channel modification work would not extend upstream to that
                         area, but would stop just downstream of Interstate 12.






                                                                   EIS-59










            5.2.2.4. AQUA-11C RESOURCES

            5.2.2.4. 1. Water Quality Features

            5.2.2.4.1.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.2.4.1.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.2.4.1.3. Effects of Plan WC!C-P4A5. This is essentially the same as for this category
            under Jones Creek, but only 1.3 of the entire 14.2 miles to be modified would be concrete
            lined. The remainder would be cleared and snagged. Instream temperatures would be
            increased but the relatively short length of concrete lining would result in a comparatively
            small increase in temperatures throughout the remaining length. The temperature increases
            as a result of clearing and snagging would be much less pronouncecL

            5.2.2.4.2. Ecological Features

            5.2.2.4.2. 1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.
            However, the Mississippi River levee borrow pits do provide nursery habitat for several
            species and also make a significant contribution to overall primary productivity. When the
            river recedes, however, there is no connection to allow fish to move between the two
            bodies. Thus, because of hot summer temperatures in the pits, fish inhabiting them are
            fish that are able to withstand prolonged periods of low dissolved oxygen levels.

            5.2.2.4.2.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.2.4.2.3.,Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. This is essentially the same as for this category
            under Jones Creek. However, as as mentioned previously in paragraph 5.2.4.1.3., the
            limited amount of concrete lining would result in less bank modifications, which would
            result in a reduction in the amount of shading vegetation removed. The reduced amount of
            water temperature reduction would result in less impacts to any aquatic fauna that is
            sensitive to increased temperatures than would more extensive concrete lining. The
            deposition of excavated material into Nfississippi River borrow pits would result in a
            reduction of the amount of aquatic habitat. Assuming borrow pit depths of 15 feet and 1
            on 2 side slopes, approximately 7 acres would be filled with excavated material. This
            would be a change from habitat for fish to habitat for a variety of wedand creatures other
            than fish. Creatures using the areas would include mink, raccoon, crawfish, frogs, turtles,
            wading birds, and wintering waterfowl. Borrow pit habitat is rated as a-habitat of medium
            to low value according to the USFWS habitat rating system. These habitats often have
            potential value as candidate areas for mitigating losses of another habitat. High water
            periods and winds would provide a seed source as well as inundating waters and willows
            would rapidly become established following minimal drying.


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                          5.21.5. CULTURAL RESOURCES


                          5.21.5.1. Significance. Cultural resources investigations were completed for Ward Creek
                          and the North Branch of Ward Creek during 1990 as part of the current feasibility study.
                          T'he results of these investigations indicate that the pruject area has been extensively
                          modified by channel enlargement and channel diversions. No significant cultural resources
                          were encountered in the project area during these investigations and no significant cultural
                          resources are anticipated. A review of the State Site Records indicates that two sites,
                          16EBR31 and 16EBR34, below the confluence of Bayou Duplantier and Dawson Creek,
                          and one site, 16EBR77, adjacent to Ward Creek, are located in close proximity to the
                          project area.

                          5.2.2.5.2. Effects of No Action. Channelization, enlargement, and construction within the
                          project area are likely to continue as urbanization continues. Significant culan-al resources
                          are unlikely to be encountered due to impacts already sustained to the project area.

                          5.2.2.5.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. The project calls for clearing and snagging of
                          approximately 9.2 miles along Ward Creek, 3.7 miles of clearing and snagging along
                          Dawson Creek, and concrete lining along 1.3 to 2.6 miles of North Branch of Ward Creek.
                          Cultuml resources investigations have been completed for portions of the project located
                          along Ward Creek and North Branch of Ward Creek. Three archeological sites are
                          recorded in close proximity to the project area (16EBR31, 16EBR34, and 16EBR77).
                          Clearing and snagging in the vicinity of these sites should not impact the sites however,
                          further efforts to assess the potential for project impacts will be conducted during the
                          design phase of the project. The SHPO has been informed of these recommendations
                          (Appendix G).


                          5.2.2.6. RECREATION RESOURCES


                          5.2.2.6.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                          5.2.2.6.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                          5.2.2.6.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5     . No recreation development is proposed under this
                          plan since limited land is available in public ownership.


                          5.2.2.7. AESTHETICS


                          5.2.2.7.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                          5.2.2.7.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.



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             5.2.2.7.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5.. This is essentially the same for this category
             under Jones Creek. However, approximately 1.5 miles of stream bank vegetation would
             be lost on both sides along the upper bank of the north Branch tributary. This impacted
             area would require revegetation in order td return lost aesthetic quality. The 1.5 miles to
             be planted with the aesthetic mitigation plan would replace the lost aesthetic value.


             5.2.2.8. NOISE


             5.2.2.8.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.2.8.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creet

             5.2.2.8.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. This is essentially the same as for this category
             under Jones Creek. The total duration for project construction is projected to be
             approximately 18 months.


             5.2.2.9. VEC`rORS


             5.2.2.9.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.2.9.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.2.9.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. This is the same as for this category under Jones
             Creek.


             5.2.2.10. SOCIOECONONUC RESOURCES


             The purpose of this section is describe the more significant social and economic conditions
             of the area and to identify potential impacts of various project alternatives, including no
             Federal action.




             5.2.2.10.1. Land Use.


             5.2.2.10.1.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.2.10.1.2. Effects of No Action. The general effects of no action would include the
             continued level of flood hazard in the Ward Creek Watershed. As shown in
             Table 5-2-2-10-1, over 80 percent of the total land area is currently in urban use.
             Increased urban growth will continue through the continued conversion of agricul=ml and
             forest lands, influenced in part by the area's level of flood protection.



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                                                      TABLE 5-2-2-10-1
                                                Ward Creek Watershed 1985



                      Basin       Urban      Agri  Forest  Water Wetlands Other      Total


                        21        4,853       704     896      0       0        21   6,474
                        25        3,916        91     460    302       0         2   4,771
                        26        2,674       140       91     0       0         0   2,905
                        27        4,698        18     109      0       0        19   4,844
                        30        1,585       415     207      0       0         0   2,207



                        Total     17,726    1,368   1,763    302       0        42   21,201




                      5.2.2.10.1.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. The immediate effects of the above plan on
                      land use would be a reduction in the current level of flood hazard that threatens
                      developments in the less protected areas of the watershed, primarily residential
                      developmental. 17here are no drect changes in land use due to project construction.

                      5.2.2.10.2. Housing.

                      5.2.2.10.2.1. Sigofficance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                      5.2.2.10.2.2. Effects of No Action. The effect of no action, or the lack of any other flood
                      control program, would result in the continued periodic flooding of those houses within the
                      watershed that have inadequate flood protection. Recent studies of this watershed indicate
                      that approximately 1,123 residential structures have floor elevations at or below the
                      100-year level of flood protection. Current insurance programs for homeowners encourage
                      new construction to provide greater protection.

                      5.2.2.10.2.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. Completion of this plan would reduce the threat
                      of flooding within the watershed. With the project in place, the number of residential
                      structures with floor elevations at or below the 100-year level of protection would decline
                      from 1,123 to 787.


                      5.2.2.10.3. Property Value.

                      5.2.2.10.3.l. Significance This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                      5.2.2.10.3.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.





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            5.2.2.10.3.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. The drainage improvements offered by this plan
            would tend to raise the value of existing developments where the potential for flood
            damages is the greatest. The value of undeveloped area would also tend to rise.

            5.2.2.10.4. Business and Industry.


            5.2.2.10A.1. Significance. This in the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


            5.2.2.10A.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


            5.2.2.10A.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. Improved flood protection would reduce
            physical damages to business and industries, as well as reduce possible disruption of
            normal business activities, with an accompanying income loss.

            5.2.2.10.5. Employment.

            5.2.2.10.5.l. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


            5.2.2.10.5.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


            5.2.2.10.5.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. Employment generated by construction of the
            project would tend to be temporary. In addition to this employment, the improved flood
            protection would indirectly help control overall economic development costs and enhance
            employment opportunities.

            5.2.2.10.6.. Community and Regional Growth.

            5.21.10.6.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.2.10.6.2. Effects of No Action. This watershed is already one of the more urbanized
            in the parish. Growth should continue in this watershed along Interstate 10 even without
            additional flood protection.

            5.2.2.10.6.3. Effects of Plan WWC-P4A5. Improved drainage throughout the watershed
            would facilitate expected continued growth.

            5.2.2.10.7. Displacement of People.

            5.2.2.10.7.1. Significance. As discussed in the section on Housing, some 1,123 residential
            structures are located within the 100-year flood zone. Assuming that the size of an
            average household within this zone is about the same as an average household in East



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                         Baton Rouge Parish (2.65 persons - 1990 Census), the total population living within this
                         100-year flood zone is about 2,975.


                         5.2.2.10.7.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


                         5.2.2.10.7.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. Assuming the average number of persons per
                         household within the 100-year flood zone would also be 2.65, this plan would reduce the
                         total number of people in the 100-year floodplain from 2,975 to 2,085, a reduction of 890.

                         5.2.2.10.8. Displacement of Farms.

                         5.2.2.10.8.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones CYeek.


                         5.2.2.10.8.2. Effects of No Action. Agricultural lands in the watershed totaled nearly
                         1,400 acres in 1985. This num      is expected to decrease as urban encroachment
                         continues.


                         5.2.2.10.8.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. Minimal impacts to farmland in this watershed
                         as it is already highly urbanized. Construction features of this plan would not impact any
                         agricultural land, however, 20 acres zoned as farmland would be converted to permanently
                         forested land with implementation of offshe mitigation.


                         5.2.2.10.9. Public Facilities and Services.


                         5.2.2.10.9.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.2.10.9.2. Effects of No Action. The expansion of public facilities and services would
                         probably follow previous patterns of population growth to the east-southeast along
                         Interstate 10.

                         5.2.2.10.9.3 E&@cts of Plan WCC-P4A5. With improved flood- protection, the demand for
                         public facilities and services would follow residential expansions along previous patterns of
                         growth. This plan would not require any relocations of public and quasi-public facilities
                         and services.


                         5.2.2.10.10. Tax Revenues.


                         5.2.2.10.10.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.2.10.10.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.





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            5.2.2.10.10.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. Improved flood protection could attract
            development in areas where protection is currently marginal or inadequate. The increased
            development and improved protection would help to maintain the stability of the tax base.

            5.2.2.10.11. Community Cohesion.

            5.2.2.10.11.1. SiggjAcance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


            5.21.10.11.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


            5.2.2.10.11.3. Effects of Plan WCC-P4A5. Minimal impact to community cohesion as
            flood protection is unproved with very little environmental change.

            5.2.3. Bayou Fountain Basin


            5.2.3.1. AGRICULTURAL LANDS


            5.2.3.1.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.3.1.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.3.1.3. Effects of Plan BF10-A. This is essentially the same as for this category under
            Jones Creek, but implementation of mitigation for this alternative would consist of the
            conversion of prime and unique farmlands equal to approximately 5 percent of the
            combined mitigation plan conversion.

            5.2.3.1.3. Effects of Plan BF10-B. This is essentially the same as for Plan BF10-A.


            5.2.3.2. BOTTONR-AND HARDWOOD FORESTS


            5.2.3.2. 1. Si    ance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.
            However, there is a significant area of wooded wetlands just north of Bluebonnet Road and
            east of Highland Road. This area is a unique swamp area of cypress, red maple, green
            ash, and pumpkin ash in a sump within the terrace formation just before it descends into
            the alluvial floodplain at the edge of the Baton Rouge urban area. The area is a property
            of The Nature Conservancy (TNC). TNC acquires properties such as this that are under
            threat of destruction by development and that have some type of unique ecological
            characteristic. The plan is to preserve the area and to possibly develop the area into an
            educational park.

            5.2.3.2.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.
            However, there is concern for preserving the degree of wetness of the wooded wetland


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                          area just north of Bluebonnet Road and east of Highland Road. The degree of wetness
                          would be determined primarily by the factors determining low-flow conditions of the
                          watercourse that drains the area. The low-flow stages are determined by the depth of the
                          channel below the Bluebonnet Road bridge, the invert or sill of the culvert under Highland
                          Road, and the size of and restrictions within the channel between these bridges.


                          5.2.3.2.3. Effects of Plan BF10-A. This is essentially the same as for this category under
                          Jones Creek, but 15 acres and 8 HUVs, according to the HES, would be lost due to
                          construction of flood control features. These losses would be fully compensated with the
                          habitat mitigation plan. The wooded wedand area just north of Bluebonnet Road and east
                          of Highland Road would not be impacted by this alternative. This alternative would not
                          affect any of the factors that determine the low-flow stages in the watercourse that drains
                          the area.


                          5.2.3.2.3. Effects of Plan BF10-B. This is the same as for Plan BF-10A, but 17 acres and 9
                          HUVs would be lost due to flood control features. Neither would this alternative affect
                          any factor that determines low-flow stages in the watercourse that drains the Bluebonnet
                          swamp area. A total- of 25.94 AAHU's would be lost for all evaluation species as
                          determined by the HEP for this alternative.


                          5.2.3.3. THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES


                          5.2.3.3.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.
                          However, the eagle nest mentioned (that currently is not being used) is located near this
                          watershed.


                          5.2.3.3.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                          5.2.3.3.3. Effects of Plan BF10-A. This is essentially the same as for this category under
                          Jones Creek. The lower 4.4 miles of the channel modification would consist of clearing
                          and snagging. As is true for Ward Creek, it   is noted that flows -from this watershed are
                          also deposited into Bayou Manchac. There, as again true for Ward Creek, transported
                          materials would slowly be released from suspension and some finer materials would be
                          transported to the Amite River. The much larger volume and transport capacity of the
                          Amite River would dilute and move any particles that would be delivered to it. Therefore,
                          the inflated heelsplitter would not be affected by the unplementation of this alternative.
                          The clearing and snagging that is proposed near the area of the eagle nest would be
                          scheduled to be done in that area in non-nesting periods if nesting activity is resumed
                          again at that site or another site near the proposed work area. Therefore, if the eagles
                          return to the area they would not be affected by the implementation of this alternative.

                          5.2.3.3.4. Effects of Plan BF10-B. This is the same as for Plan BF10-A.


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            5.2.3.4. AQUATIC RESOURCES


            5.2.3.4.1. Water Quality Features

            5.2.3.4.1.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.3.4.1.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.3.4.1.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. This is similar for this category as that for Jones
            Creek, but only 2.9 of the total 8.1 miles to be modified would receive channel
            enlargement. The remainder would be cleared and snagged. The removal of any shading
            vegetation, whether by channel enlargement or by clearing and snagging would result in
            increases of water temperature. However, shading would occur more rapidly on cleared
            and snagged segments than on channel segments that are enlarged.

            5.2.3.4.1.3. Effects of Plan BF-10B. This is essentially the same as for this category under
            Plan BF-10A. The additional 2.5 miles of clearing and snagging would result in some
            increases in water temperatures when compared to Plan BF-10A.

            5.2.3.4.2. Ecological Features

            5.2.3.4.2. 1. Sianificance. This is the same as for this category under Ward Creek.

            5.2.3.4.2.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


            5.2.3.4.2.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. This is similar for this category as under Ward
            Creek. The majority, 5.2 miles, of the modifications consist of clearing and snagging
            while the remaining 2.9 miles consist of channel enlargement. Channel enlargement will
            remove all forms of diversity of habitats, while clearing and snagging will still leave some
            diversity such as tree roots and some accumulated sediments in the channels. Both
            methods will include removal of overhanging vegetation, but channel enlargement win
            include removal of an approximate 25-foot band of trees along the banks, as available, for
            equipment access also. Organisms with limited mobility may be destroyed as the
            equipment works in the channel but any fish species likely to be found in these streams is
            normally sufficiently mobile to escape draglines and other construction equipmenL
            Turbidity caused by the equipment would likely cause suffocation in the immediate area ff
            organisms could not escape from the area. The deposition of excavated material into
            Mssissippi River borrow pits would result in a reduction of the amount-of aquatic habitat
            with an increase in wooded and wetland habitats. Assuming borrow pit depths of 15 feet
            and I on 2 side slopes, approximately 14 acres would be filled with excavated material.
            This would be a change from habitat for fish to habitat for a variety of wetland creatures



                                                      EIS-68










                          other than fish. Creatures using the areas would include mink, raccoon, crawfish, frogs,
                          turtles, wading birds, and wintering waterfowl (see Ward Creek, Paragraph 5.2.2.4.2.3).


                          5.2.3.4.2.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Th  is is the same for this alternative as for Plan
                          BF-10A. However, because of the 2.5-mile increase in the amount of upstream clearing
                          and snagging, that amount of additional adverse impacts would occur.


                          5.2.3.5. CULTURAL RESOURCES


                          5.2.3.5.1. Significance. There are presently six properties currently listed on or pending
                          nomination to the National Register of Historic Places located in proximity to the project
                          area. Planter's Cabin was nominated to the Register in 1984, the Joseph Pettitpierre House
                          was nominated in 1986, Mount Hope Plantation was nominated in 1980, and the Lee Site
                          (16EBR51) was nominated in 1984. Nominations are pending for Live Oak Plantation and
                          the Ory House. In addition to the Lee Site (16EBR51), five archeological sites have been
                          recorded in close proximity to the project area; sites included are 16EBR01, 16EBR04,
                          16EBR05, 16EBR65, and 16EBR67. All of these properties are located on the Prairie
                          terrace surface which lies adjacent to the Bayou Fountain floodplain and the project area.

                          Literature and records research coupled with reconnaissance fieldwork was conducted
                          under this feasibility study (Goodwin et al. 1990). Although no sites were recorded in the
                          project area some evidence of disturbed remains of 20th century occupation exists. The
                          fieldwork indicated that modern alluvial deposits of considerable thickness are present
                          within the project area and any earlier cultural deposits are likely to be deeply buried. The
                          disposition of known archeological sites, the settlement history of the project area, and the
                          results of the fieldwork would indicate that the project area is assumed to contain a high
                          probability for encountering significant cultural resources.

                          Historic records indicate a series of contiguous land grants fronting Bayou Fountain were
                          made during the late eighteenth century. The area remained settled during much of the
                          subsequent historic period. Significant remains associated with the- late eighteenth through
                          20th century settlement of the area are anticipated to occur in deeply buried material
                          throughout the entire project area.

                          5.2.3.5.2. Effects of No Action. Potentially significant cultural remains are expected to
                          occur within deeply buried contexts adjacent to recorded archeological sites within on the
                          floodplain of Bayou Fountain. Continued flooding would result in additional sediment
                          infilling of the area further obscuring any unrecorded and potentially significant cultural
                          resources. Channel migration of Bayou Fountain could expose and eventually erode
                          potentially significant resources.





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            5.2.3.5.3. Effects of Plan BF10-A AND BF10-B. The project calls for improvements of
            approximately 11 miles of channel from the bayou's mouth to Ben Hur Road.
            Improvements will consists of clearing and snagging of the entire reach with the exception
            of a section between Siegen and Gardere Lanes. In this reach, the channel will be widened
            for construction of a concrete lined channel with a 50-foot bottom width. Prehistoric
            cultural remains are likely to occur adjacent to known archeological sites located on the
            adjacent Prairie ten-ace surface. Potentially significant cultural deposits associated with
            sites 16EBR1, 16EBR4, and 16EBR65 may occur within the reach where channel widening
            and lining are planned. Archeological deposits also are expected to occur within portions
            of the project adjacent to Site 16EBR5. This site is located on the Prairie terrace surface
            near the mouth of Bayou Fountain. Plans for clearing and snagging along this reach of the
            bayou should have no impact to significant cultural resources. Sites 16EBR51 and
            16EBR67 are located in a large erosional gully that cuts into the surrounding Prairie
            ten-ace surface on the north side of Bayou Fountain. Plans for clearing and snagging will
            not impact the sites. No significant cultural resources are expected to occur in the area.

            Up to four potentially significant archeological sites are expected to occur within deeply
            buried contexts in the project area. Clearing and snagging will not adversely impact any
            sites. Plans to widen and concrete line a portion of the channel from Siegen to Gardere
            Lanes has the potential for impacting potentially significant sites which may be located in
            this area. Intensive survey conducted during the design phase is recommended for the
            entire 11 mile project area. Any sites identified during these investigations will be
            evaluated in terms of their National Register significance and project impacts wM be
            assessed. The S1HP0 has been informed of these recommendations (Appendix G).


            5.2.3.6. RECREATION RESOURCES


            5.2.3.6. 1. Significance. , This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.3.6.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.3.6.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. This is the same as for this category under the Ward
            Creek WCC-P4A5.


            5.2.3.6.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. This is the same as for this category under the Plan
            WCC-P4A5.


            5.2.3.7. AESTBETICS


            5.2.3.7.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.3.7.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


                                                     EIS-70









                         5.2.3.7.3. 'Effects of Plan BF-10A. Impacts to existing aesthetics and proposed mitigation
                         techniques are essentially the same for this category as under Jones Cre& However,
                         approximately 2.5 miles of stream bank vegetation would be lost along both sides of the
                         upper bank of the Bayou Fountain within the impacted area of channel enlargement. This
                         area would require re-vegetation in order to return lost aesthetic quality. The planting of
                         trees and shrubs along both sides of 2.5 miles of stream would mitigate aesthetic losses.


                         5.2.3.7.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. This is the same as for BF-10A plan.


                         5.2.3.8. NOISE


                         5.2.3.8.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.3.8.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.3.8.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. This is essentially the same as for this category under
                         Jones Creek. The total duration for project construction is projected to be approximately
                         18 months.


                         5.2.3.8.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. This is the same as for BF-10A plan.


                         5.2.3.9. VECT   ORS


                         5.2.3.9.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.3.9.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.3.9.3. Effects of All Plans. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


                         5.2.3.10. SOCIOECONOWC RESOURCES


                         5.2.3.10.1. Significance. The purpose of this section is to describe the more significant
                         social and economic conditions of the area and to identify potential impacts of various
                         project alternatives, including no Federal action.


                         5.2.3.10.1. Land Use.


                         5.2.3.10.1.1. Significance. This the same as for this category under-Jones Creek.

                         5.2.3.10.1.2. Effects of No Action. The general effects of no action would include the
                         continued level of flood hazard in the Bayou Fountain Watershed. As shown in Table
                         5-2-3-10-1, this watershed is one of the more underdeveloped in the study area.


                                                                    EIS-71










            The trend of growth in urban land can be expected to continue through the conversion of
            agricultural and forest lands, influenced in part by the level of flood protection.

            5.2.3.10.1.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. The immediate effects of the above plan on land
            use would be a reduction in the current level of flood hazard that threatens developments
            in the less protected areas of the watershed. There are no direct changes in land use due
            to construction.


            5.2.3.10.1.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Similar impacts to Plan BF-10A. Slightly more of
            a reduction in the flood hazard as clearing and snagging is conducted over a longer portion
            of the bayou.




                                                TABLE 5-2-3-10-1
                                    Bayou Fountain Watershed 1985 Land Use


                                     Urban                            6,420 acres
                                     Agriculture                    11,195 acres
                                     Forest                          3,881 acres
                                     Water                               53 acres
                                     wetlands                        3,869 acres
                                     Other                              390 acres


                                         Totals                     25,808 acres





            5.2.3.10.2. Housing.

            5.2.3.10.2.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.3.10.2.2. Effects of No Action. The effect of no action, or the lack of any other flood
            control program, would result in the continued periodic flooding of those houses within the
            watershed that have inadequate flood protection. Recent surveys of this watershed indicate
            that approximately 405 residential structures have floor elevations at or below the current
            100-year level of flood protection. Current insurance programs for homeowners encourage
            new construction to provide greater protection.

            5.2.3.10.2.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. Completion of this plan would reduce the threat of
            flooding within the watershed. With the project in place, the number of residential
            structures with floor elevations at or below the 100-year level of protection would decline



                                                      EIS-72









                         from 405 to 398. Ile main impact, however, would be the reduction of flood risk of
                         many of these structures fi-om a storm with a frequency of 25 years or less.

                         5.2.3.10.2.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Similar impacts to Plan BF-10A.

                         5.2.3.10.3. Property Value.

                         5.2.3.10.3.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.3.10.3.2. Effects c@f No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


                         5.2.3.10.3.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. The drainage improvements offered by this plan
                         would tend to raise the value of existing developments where the potential for flood
                         damage is the greatest. The value of undeveloped areas would also tend to rise.

                         5.2.3.10.3.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Similar impacts to Plan BF-10A.

                         5.2.3.10.4. Business and Industry.

                         5.2.3.10.4. 1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


                         5.2.3.10.4.2. Effects of No Action Plan. This is the same as for No Action in Jones
                         Creek.


                         5.2.3.10A.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. Improved flood protection would reduce physical
                         damages to businesses and industries, as well as reduce possible disruption of normal
                         business activities, with an accompanying income loss.

                         5.2.3.10.4.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Similar impacts to Plan BF-10A.

                         5.2.3.10.5. Employment.

                         5.2.3.10.5.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


                         5.2.3.10.5.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


                         5.2.3.10.5.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. Employment generated by construction of the
                         project would tend to be temporary. in addition to this employment; the improved flood
                         protection would indirectly help control overall economic development costs and enhance
                         employment opportunities.

                         5.2.3.10.5.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Impacts would be similar to Plan BF-10A.


                                                                  EIS-73









             5.2.3.10.6. Community and Regional Growth.

             5.2.3.10.6.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.3.10.6.2. Effects of No Action. This is a rapidly developing watershed located to the
             south and southeast of the Baton Rouge urbanized area. Major industrial sites are located
             along the Mississippi River portion of this watershed. It serves as the place of residence
             for workers in both Baton Rouge and the river industries. Growth is expected to continue
             even without additional flood protection.

             5.2.3.10.6.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. Improved drainage throughout the watershed would
             facilitate the expected continued growth.

             5.2.3.10.6.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Similar impacts to Plan BF-10A.

             5.2.3.10.7. Displacement of People.

             5.2.3.10.7.l. Significance. As discussed i the section on Housing, some 405 residential
             structures are located within the 100-year flood zone. Assuming the size of an average
             household within this zone is about the same as an average household in East Baton Rouge
             Parish as reported in the 1990 Census, or 2.65 persons, the total population living within
             this 100-year flood zone is about 1,100.

             5.2.3.10.7.2. Effects of No Action. The periodic flooding of some residences within the
             watershed could cause those living in the lower elevations to move, seeking shelter in
             more protected areas.

             5.2.3.10.7.3*Effects of Plan BF-10A. Assuming the average number of persons per
             household would be 2.65 (similar to the 1990 Census number for East Baton Rouge
             Parish), this plan would reduce the total number of people in the 100-year floodplain from
             1,100 to 1,050.


             5.2.3.10.7.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Similar impacts to Plan BF-10A.

             5.2.3.10.8. Displacement of Farms.

             5.2.3.10.8.1. SiEftificance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek

             5.2.3.10.8.2. Effects of No Action. Over 43 percent of this watershed remains in
             agricultural lands. The 1985 total of 11,200 acres does, however, represents a decrease of
             1,200 acres since 1979. Even without any project, the potential for urban growth in this
             area is great, as it is located near the city of Baton Rouge and to Louisiana State


                                                      EIS-74









                         University, and it borders on the Nlississippi River which provides opportunities for
                         industrial development.

                         5.2.3.10.8.3. Effects of Plan BF- 10A. Improved flood protection would probably have
                         minimal impact on farms in this watershed. Construction features of this plan would not
                         impact any agricultural land, however, approximately 15 acres, zoned as farmland, would
                         be converted to permanently forested land with implementation of the offsite mitigation
                         feature.


                         5.2.3.10.8.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Impacts are similar to Plan BF-10A. Construction
                         features would not impact any agricultural land, however, approximately 13 acres of zoned
                         farmland would be set aside for offsite mitigation purposes.


                         5.2.3.10.9. Public Facilities and Services.


                         5.2.3.10.9.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.3.10.9.2. Effects of No Action. The expansion of public facilities and services would
                         probably follow previous patterns of population growth to the east-southeast along
                         Highland Road.

                         5.2.3.10.9.3. Effects of BF-10A Plan. With improved flood protection, economic
                         developments and residential expansion would also probably follow previous patterns; and
                         the demand for public facilities and services would follow as well. Relocation of one
                         culvert and one petroleum pipeline would be requurAL

                         5.2.3.10.9.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Similar impacts to Plan BF-10A.


                         5.2.3.10.10. Tax Revenues.


                         5.2.3.10.10.1. Significance This is the same -as for this category -under Jones CreelL

                         5.2.3.10.10.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones CreelL


                         5.2.3.10.10.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. Improved flood protection could attract
                         development in areas where protection is currently marginal or inadequate. 1he increased
                         development and unproved protection would help to maintain the stability of the tax base.

                         5.2.3.10.10.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Similar impacts to Plan BF-10A.






                                                                   EIS-75










            5.2.3.10-11. Community Cohesion.

            5.2.3.10.11.1. Significance This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


            5.2.3.10.11.2. Effects of No Action Plan. This is the same as for No Action under Jones
            Creek.


            5.2.3.10.11.3. Effects of Plan BF-10A. Minimal impact to community cohesion as flood
            protection is improved with very little environmental change.

            5.2.3.10.11.4. Effects of Plan BF-10B. Similar impacts to Plan BF-10A.

            5.2.4. Beaver Bayou Basin


            5.2.4.1. AGRICULTURAL LANDS


            5.2.4. 1. 1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.4.1.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.4.1.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. This is essentially the same as for this category under
            Jones Creek, but implementation of mitigation for this alternative would consist of the
            conversion of prime and unique farmlands equal to approximately 31 percent of the
            combined mitigation plan conversion.


            5.2.4.1.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. This is the same as for Plan BBN-Pl, but
            implementation of mitigation for this alternative would consist of the conversion of prime
            and unique farmlands equal to approximately 31 percent of the combined mitigation plan
            conversion.


            5.2.4.1.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. This is the same as for'Plan BBN-Pl, but
            implementation of mitigation for this alternative would consist of the conversion of prime
            and unique farmlands equal to approximately 32 percent of the combined mitigation plan
            conversion.


            5.2.4.2. BOTTONHAND HARDWOOD FORESTS


            5.2.4.2.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.4.2.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.




                                                       EIS-76










                          5.2.4.2.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. This is essentially the same as for this category under
                          Bayou Fountain except that all work would be by channel enlargement However, 88 acres
                          and 55 HUVs would be lost due to construction of flood control features. These losses
                          would be fully compensated with the habitat mitigation plan.

                          5.2.4.2.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. This is essentially the same as for this category under
                          Plan BBN-Pl, but 86 acres and 54 HUVs would be lost due to construction of flood
                          control features. These losses would be fully compensated with the habitat mitigation
                          plan. A total of 142.77 AAHU's would be lost for all evaluation species as determined by
                          the REP for this alternative.


                          5.2.4.2.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. This is essentially the same as for this category under
                          Plan BBN-Pl, but 89 acres and 56 HUVs would be lost due to construction of flood
                          control features. These losses would be fully compensated with the habitat mitigation
                          plan.


                          5.2.4.3. THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES


                          5.2.4.3.1. Sigmificance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                          5.2.4.3.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.
                          However, the eagle nest mentioned (that currently is not being used) is not located near
                          this watershed. The current sediment transport capacity for the one-year event and the
                          five-year event of 29,400 and 250,000 tons per day, respectively, on the Amite River
                          immediately downstream of the confluence of the Comite River would be maintained.
                          Any sediment material that may be introduced by flood flows into the Amite River would
                          become part of the system of sediments that is constantly being moved from the upstream
                          end to the downstream end of the point bars within the river.

                          5.2.4.3.3. Effects of Plan BBN-P1. This is similar for this category as for Jones Creek. It
                          is noted that within this basin 7.8 miles of channel above Frenchtown Road would receive
                          channel enlargement. Channel enlargement would contribute to increased bank erosion.
                          An estimated 110,000 cubic yards of sediments is projected to accumulate within and near
                          the mouth of the main channel over a ten-year period with no action to prevent it.
                          However, to minimize the expected erosion, a mat of geotextile material would be placed
                          on the channel slopes to hold vegetation and, thus, the surrounding soil. This would not
                          prevent, but would minimize the anticipated erosion. The transport capacity of the Comite
                          River is sufficient to distribute any sediments that would eventually be introduced into it
                          by the implementation of this alternative. Likewise, the transport capacity of the Amite
                          River is sufficient to move any sediments eventually introduced into it by the Comite
                          River. Any material that may be introduced would become part of the system of
                          sediments that is constantly being moved from the upstream end to the downstream end of


                                                                    EIS-77










             the point bars within the river. Therefore, the inflated heelsplitter would not be affected
             by the implementation of this alternative.


             5.2.4.3.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. This is the same as for Plan BBN-Pl.


             5.2.4.3.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. This is the same as for Plan BBN-Pl.


             5.2.4.4. AQUATIC RESOURCES

             5.2.4.4. 1. Wate r Quality Features

             5.2.4.4.1.1.'Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek;
             however, the source waters are not all from urban areas.


             5.2.4.4.1.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.,t-4.1.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. This is essentially the same as for this category
             under Jones Creek, but 7.8 miles of this watercourse and tributaries above Frenchtown
             Road would receive channel enlargement. Channel enlargement resultmg in removal of
             overhanging vegetation would result in increases of stream temperature and reduced
             dissolved oxygen content. Removal of restrictions would contribute to more effective
             flushing actions.

             5.2.4.4.1.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. This is essentially the same as for this category
             under Plan BBN-Pl. The difference in excavation would make minimal difference in
             effects to water quality.

             5.2A.4.1.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. This is essentially the same as for this category
             under Plan BBN-Pl. The difference in excavation would make minimal difference in
             effects to water quality.

             5.2.4.4.2. Ecological Features

             5.2A.4.2.l. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones CreelL
             However, a portion of this watercourse begins in an agricultural area rather than an urban
             area. Therefore, the source waters are somewhat higher in ecological value than the
             previous basins of the overall study area discussed.

             5.2.4.4.2.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.4.4.2.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. This is similar for this category as that for Jones
             Creek and for Bayou Fountain. However, all work would consist of channel enlargement.


                                                        EIS-78










                         The right-of-way necessary for the channel enlargement would most probably result in the
                         complete removal of all overhanging vegetation over the watercourses except the largest
                         trees. The accompanying increase of temperature may result in a change in species
                         diversity towards aquatic species requiring lowered dissolved oxygen. Excavation for
                         channel enlargement would result in complete destruction of the benthic community within
                         the channels. Complete recolonization should occur in approximately one year. The
                         geosynthetic mat on the channel slopes should help to provide microhabitats to which
                         smaller organisms on the food chain would adhere. Those organisms would then provide a
                         food source to higher organisms.

                         5.2.4.4.2.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. This is essentially the same as for this category
                         under Plan BBN-P1. The difference in required excavation for different levels of
                         protection would make negligible difference in affects upon aquatic resources as compared
                         to the other alternative.


                         5.2.4.4.2.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3 This is essentially the same as for this category
                         under Plan BBN-P1. The difference in required excavation for different levels of
                         protection would make negligible difference in affects upon ecological features of aquatic

                         resources.


                         5.2.4.5. CULTURAL RESOURCES


                         5.2.4.5.1. Significance. Beaver Bayou cuts Pleistocene ten-ace surfaces through less
                         highly developed country. An intensive pedestrian survey of the project area was
                         completed by Bryant (1985). Two potentially significant sites were recorded as a result of
                         the survey. The Biltmore Site (16EBR66), represents the remains of a prehistoric campsite
                         dating from the Paleo-Indian or Early Archaic period. Shanks Cemetery was reported to
                         contain approximately 30 grave markers with dates ranging from the 1870's to the 1930's.
                         Previous channel modifications and improvements may have impacted both of these sites.
                         Previous investigations provide infbrmation valuable for predicting the kinds and numbers
                         of cultural resources which may be expected to occur within the project area and in other
                         similar settings.


                         5.2A.5.2. -Effects of No Action. Channel maintenance or modification by non-federal
                         entities has been conducted along the lower reaches of Beaver Bayou. The continuation of
                         this program would presumably continue without federal involvement. Potentially
                         significant archeological sites located along Beaver Bayou could be affected by future
                         maintenance or modification projects. Without such a program, channel migration could
                         expose and eventually erode as yet unrecorded potentially significant cultural resources.

                         5.2.4.5.3. Effects of Plans BBN
                                                       z_P__1' P2. and P3. The proposed plan for Beaver Bayou
                         consists of widening approximately 7.8 miles of channel designed to convey a 10, 25, or


                                                                   EIS-79










             50-year storm event within stream banks for each respective plan. Plans to widen the
             existing channel could severely impact any cultural resources located within the project

             area.


             Cultural resources investigations have been completed for much of the project area.
             Investigations are required for the portion of Beaver Bayou from Hooper to Hubbs Roads.
             There are two sites recorded on Beaver Bayou downstream from Hooper Road. The
             National Register status of both the Biltmore site (16EBR66) and Shanks Cemetery is
             unknown. Only a portion of the cemetery is thought to be located within the project area
             however, right-of-way limits have not been established for this location.

             Previous investigations indicate that the project area has a low probability for containing
             significant cultural resources. Although no significant cultural resources are expected to
             occur within previously unsurveyed portions of the project area the survey is recommended
             due to the severity of anticipated project impacts from widening. Two previously recorded
             sites, 16EBR66 and Shanks Cemetery have not been evaluated in terms of their National
             Register significance. If these sites are found to be within the area of project impact,
             efforts will be made to determine their significance and assess any project impacts during
             the design phase of the project. The SBPO has been informed of these recommendations
             (Appendix G).


             5.2.4.6. RECREATION RESOURCES


             5.2.4.6.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2A.6.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.4.6.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. This is the same as for this category under Plan
             WCC-P4A5.

             5.2.4.6.4. Effects of Plan BB!4@--P2. This is the same as for this category under Plan
             BBN-P1.


             5.2.4.6.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. This is the same as for this category under Plan
             BBN-Pl.


             5.2.4.7. AESTHETICS


             5.2.4.7.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.4.7.3. Effects of Plan BBN-P1. Impacts to existing aesthetics and proposed mitigation
             techniques are similar to this category as under the Jones Creek plan, with the exception


                                                         EIS-80









                         that only trees are proposed. This creek is located in a mral setting where adjacent shrub,
                         vine, and ground cover vegetation flourishes. In time, understory vegetation would
                         encroach and voluntarily establish within the impacted corridor. Approximately 10.75 of
                         stream bank vegetation would be lost along both sides of the upper bank of Beaver Bayou
                         within the impacted area of channel enlargement. The hardwood tree plantings along that
                         affected area would mitigate the lost aesthetic quality. Appendix E, Section 2 fully
                         describes the details of the aesthetic mitigation planning.

                         5.2.4.7A. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Impacts to existing aesthetics and proposed mitigation
                         are similar to the Beaver Bayou BBN-P1 plan. However, stream bank channel
                         enlargement areas are different in magnitude than those above. Aesthetic mitigation
                         through tree plantings would be adjusted according to the degree of impacts.

                         5.2.4.7.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. This is the same as for this category under Plan
                         BBN-2 plan.


                         5.2.4.8. NOISE


                         5.2.4.8.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.4.8.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.4.8.3. Effects of Plans BBN-Pl, P2. and P3. This is essentially the same as for this
                         category under Jones Creek. The total duration for project construction is projected to be
                         approximately 24 months for each of the alternatives.


                         5.2.4.9. VECTORS


                         5.2.4.9.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2A.9.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.4.9.3. Effects of all Plans. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.4.10. SOCIOECONONUC RESOURCES


                         The purpose of this section is to describe the more significant social and economic
                         conditions of the area and to identify potential impacts of various project alternatives,
                         including no Federal action.






                                                                   EIS-81












           5.2.4.10.1. Land Use.


           5.2.4.10.1.1. Significance. This the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

           5.2.4.10.1.2. Effects of No Action. The general effects of no action would include the
           continued level of flood hazard in the Beaver Bayou Watershed. Table 5-2-4-10-1 shows
           1985 land use for this watershed. The trend of urban growth can be expected to continue
           through the continued conversion of agricultural and forest lands, influenced in part by the
           level of flood protection.




                                          TABLE 5-2-4-10-1
                                 Beaver Bayou Watershed 1985 Land Use


                                 Urban                       2,798 acres
                                 Agriculture                 3,629 acres
                                 Forest                      3,881 acres
                                 Water                           30 acres
                                 Wetlands                        28 acres
                                 Other                          107 acres


                                    Totals                   7,927 acres




           The trend of urban growth can be expected to continue through the continued conversion
           of agriculwal and forest lands, influenced in part by the level of flood protection.

           5.2.4.10.1.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. The immediate effects of the above plan on land
           use would be a reduction in the current level of flood hazard that threatens developments
           in the less protected areas of the watershed, primarily residential developments. There are
           no direct changes in land use due to project construction.

           5.2.4.10.1.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-Pl. An
           increase in channel size would reduce the flood hazard slightly more.


           5.2.4.10.1.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-Pl. An
           increase in channel size would reduce the flood hazard slightly more.

           5.2.4.10.2. Housing.

           5.2.4.10.2.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.



                                                EIS-82










                          5.2.4.10.2.2. Effects of No Action. The effect of no action, or the lack of any other flood
                          control program, would result in the continued periodic flooding of those houses within the
                          watershed that have inadequate flood protection. Recent surveys of this watershed indicate
                          that approximately 604 residential structures have floor elevations at or below the current
                          100-year level of flood protection. Current insurance programs for homeowners encourage
                          new construction to provide greater protection.

                          5.2.4.10.2.3. Effects of Plan BBN-P1. Completion of this plan would reduce the threat of
                          flooding within the watershed. With the project in place, the number of residential
                          structures with floor elevations at or below the 100-year level of protection would decline
                          from 604 to 353.


                          5.2.4.10.2.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-P1. With a
                          larger channel size, only 286 residential structures would have floor elevations at or below
                          the 100-year flood level.

                          5.2.4.10.2.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. Irnpacts would be similar to Plan BBN-P1. With a
                          larger channel size, only 275 residential structures would have flood elevations at or below
                          the 100-year flood level.

                          5.2.4.10.3. Property Value.

                          5.2.4.10.3.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


                          5.2.4.10.3.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


                          5.2.4.10.3.3. Effects of Plan BBN-P1. The drainage improvements offered by this plan
                          would tend to raise the value of existing developments where the potential for flood
                          damage is the greatest. The value of undeveloped areas would also tend to rise.

                          5.2.4.10.3.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-Pl.

                          5.2.4.10.3.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. Impacts would be simila to Plan BBN-Pl.

                          5.2.4.10.4. Business and Industry.

                          5.2.4.10.4.1. Significoce. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                          5.2.4.10.4.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.







                                                                     EIS-83










             5.2.4.10.4.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. Improved flood protection would reduce physical
             damages to businesses and industries, as well as reduce possible disruption of normal
             business activities, with an accompanying income loss.

             5.2.4.10.4.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-P1.

             5.2.4.10.4.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-Pl.

             5.2.4.10.5. Employment.

             5.2.4.10.5.l. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


             5.2.4.10.5.2. Effects of No Action. Tins is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


             5.2.4.10.5.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. Employment generated by construction of the
             project would tend to be temporary. In addition to this employment, the improved flood
             protection would indirectly help control economic development costs and enhance
             employment opportunities.

             5.2.4.10.5.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-Pl.


             5.2.4.10.5.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-Pl.


             5.2.4.10.6. Community and Regional Growth.

             5.2.4.10.6.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.4.10.6.2. Effects of No Action. This watershed, located to the northeast of urbanized
             Baton Rouge, is one of the more rural watersheds in the parish. It is not expected to grow
             as fast as the watersheds i the southern half of the parish that are located along the
             Interstate I-fighways. ion of this watershed. Its nearness to the urbanized areas should
             insure some growth.

             5.2.4.10.6.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. Improved drainage throughout the watershed would
             facilitate whatever growth might occur.

             5.2.4.10.6.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-Pl.

             5.2.4.10.6.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-P1.






                                                         EIS-84










                         5.2.4.10.7. Displacement of People.

                         5.2.4.10.7.l. Significance. As discussed in the section on Housing, some 604 residential
                         structures are located within the 100-year flood zone. Assuming the size of an average
                         household within this zone is about the same as an average household in East Baton Rouge
                         Parish as reported in the 1990 Census, or 2.65 persons, the total population living within
                         this 100-year flood zone is about 1,600.

                         5.2.4.10.7.2. Effects of No Action. The periodic flooding of some residences within this
                         watershed could cause those living in the lower elevations to move, seeking shelter in
                         more protected areas.

                         5.2.4.10.7.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. Assuming the average number of persons per
                         household within the 100-year flood zone would be 2.65 (simila to the 1990 Census
                         number for East Baton Rouge Parish), this plan would reduce the total number of people in
                         the 100-year floodplain from 1,600 to 935, a reduction of 665.

                         5.2.4.10.7.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. The impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-Pl.
                         An estimated 840 people currently living in the 100-year flood zone would no longer be
                         subject to floods of this frequency and possible displacement.

                         5.2.4.10.7.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. The impacts would be similm to Plan BBN-Pl-
                         An estimated 870 people currently living in the 100-year flood zone would no longer be
                         subject to floods of this frequency and possible displacement.

                         5.2.4.10.8. Displacement of Farms.

                         5.2.4.10.8.l. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                         5.2.4.10.8.2. Effects of No Action. This watershed is near the eastern edge of East Baton
                         Rouge Parish and, thus, it is more rural in character than those watersheds closer to
                         downtown Baton Rouge. The 1978 agricultural acreage of 3,725 has decreased only to
                         3,629 in 1985. Some decrease in this acreage is expected due to conversion to urban land
                         even without a project.

                         5.2.4.10.8.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. Improved flood protection would probably have a
                         minimal impact on farms in this watershed. Construction features of this plan would not
                         impact any agricultural land, however, 89 acres, zoned as farmland, would be converted to
                         permanently forested land with implementation of the offshe mitigation feature.

                         5.2.4.10.8.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Impacts would be similar to Plan BBN-P1 with 87
                         acres of zoned farmland required for offsite mitigation.


                                                                   EIS-85










            5.2A.10.8.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. Impacts would be similm to Plan BBN-P1 with
            90 acres of zoned farmland required for offsite mitigation.


            5.2.4.10.9. Public Facilities and Services.


            5.2.4.10.9. 1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Cree1L

            5.2.4.10.9.2. Effects of No Action. The expansion of public facilities and services would
            follow any future population growth. This growth is expected to be slow.

            5.2.4.10.9.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. Improved flood protection should facilitate the
            slow growth in this watershed along with an increase in demand for public facilities and
            services. The channel enlargement in this plan would require the relocation of 6 bridges, 4
            pipelines, 3 waterlines, and 5 culverts.

            5.2.4.10.9.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Similar impacts to Plan BBN-Pl.


            5.2.4.10.9.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. Similar impacts to Plan BBN-Pl.


            5.2.4.10.10. Tax Revenues.


            5.2.4.10.10.1. Siggiftcance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek-


            5.2.4.10.10.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


            5.2.4.10.10.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. Improved flood protection could attract
            development in areas where protection is currently marginal or inadequate. The increased
            development and improved protection would help to maintain the stability of the tax base.

            5.2.4.10.10.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Similar impacts to Plan BBN-Pl.

            5.2.4.10.10.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. Similar impacts to Plan BBN-Pl.

            5.2.4.10.11. Community Cohesion.

            5.2A.10.11.1. Siggiggance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


            5.2.4.10.11.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Actim in Jones Creek.


            5.2.4.10.11.3. Effects of Plan BBN-Pl. Minimal impact to community cohesion as flood
            protection is improved with very little environmental change.



                                                       EIS-86










                           5.2.4.10.11.4. Effects of Plan BBN-P2. Similar impacts to Plan BBN-Pl.

                           5.2.4.10.11.5. Effects of Plan BBN-P3. Similar impacts to Plan BBN-Pl.


                           5.2.5. Blackwater Bayou Basin


                           5.2.5.1. AGRICULTURAL LANDS


                           5.2.5.1.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                           5.2.5.1.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                           5.2.5.1.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. This is essentially the same as for this category under
                           Jones Creek, but implementation of mitigation for this alternative would consist of the
                           conversion of prune and unique farmlands equal to approximately 32 percent of the
                           combined mitigation plan conversion.

                           5.2.5.1.3. Effects of Plan BW-P4. This is essentially the same as for Plan BF10-A, but
                           implementation of mitigation for this alternative would consist of the conversion of prime
                           and unique farmlands equal to approximately 55 percent of the combined mitigation plan
                           conversion.


                           5.2.5.2. BOTTONH-AND HARDWOOD FORESTS


                           5.2.5.2.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                           5.2.5.2.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                           5.2.5.2.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. This is essentially the same as for this category under
                           Beaver Bayou Plan BBN-Pl, but 77 acres and 48 HUVs would be lost due to construction
                           of flood control features. These losses would be fully compensated with the habitat
                           mitigation plan. A total of 127.85 AAHU"s would be lost for all evaluation species as
                           determined by the HEP for this alternative.

                           5.2.5.2.3. Effects of Plan BW-P4. This is the same as for Plan BW-P2, but 141 acres and
                           88 HUVs would be lost by flood control features caused by additional construction
                           required for the higher level of protection.


                           5.2.5.3. TBREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES


                           5.2.5.3.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.



                                                                     EIS-87









            5.2.5.3.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Owk
            and Beaver Bayou.

            5.2.5.3.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. This is essentially the same as for this category under
            Beaver Bayou Plan BBN-P1. However, with no action to prevent it, a projected 145,000
            cubic yards of materials would accumulate within and near the mouth of the main channel
            and its tributary. Again, the geotextile mat mentioned for Beaver Bayou would also be
            utilized in this watershed to minimize this projected erosion. The transport capacity of the
            Comite River is sufficient to distribute any sediments that would eventually be introduced
            into it by the implementation of this afternative. Likewise, the transport capacity of the
            Amite River is sufficient to move any sediments eventually introduced into it by die
            Comite River. Therefore, the inflated heelsplitter would not be affected by the
            implementation of this alternative.


            5.2.5.3.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. This is the same as for Plan BBN-P2.


            5.2.5.4. AQUATIC RESOURCES


            5.2.5.4.1. Water Quality Features

            5.2.5.4.1.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.
            However, this watercourse begins in an agricultural and forested area rather than an urban
            area. Therefore, the quality of source waters is higher than the previous basins of the
            overall study area discussed.

            5.2.5.4.1.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.5.4.1.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. This is similar for this category as that for Beaver
            Bayou BBN-Pl. However, 13.4 miles of this watercourse and a tributary would receive
            channel enlargement.

            5.2.5.4.1.3. Effects of Plan BW-P4. This is the same as for this category under Plan BW-
            P2 other than for the Merent level of protection.

            5.2.5.4.2. Ecological Features

            5.2.5.4.2.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.
            However, because of higher water quality, the source waters are higher in ecological value
            than the previous basins of the overall study area discussed.

            5.2.5.4.2.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.



                                                       EIS-88










                           5.2.5.4.2.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. This is similar for this category as that for Beaver
                           Bayou Plan BBN-Pl. As with that alternative, all work would consist of channel
                           enlargement.

                           5.2.5.4.2.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. This is the same for this category as.for Blackwater
                           Bayou Plan BW-P2 other than for the different level of protection.


                           5.2.5.5. CULTURAL RESOURCES


                           5.2.5.5.1. Significance. The proposed plan for Blackwater Bayou and its main tributary
                           consists of widening approximately 13.4 miles of channel designed to convey a 10-year
                           storm event within stream bank. Plans to widen the channel could severely impact any
                           cultural resources located within the project area. Investigations conducted during the
                           feasibility study indicate that similarities exist in the number and kinds of cultural
                           resources found along both Blackwater and Beaver bayous (Goodwin et al. 1990). The
                           project area is considered to have a low probability for containing significant cultural
                           resources. The Blackwater Bayou Site (16EBR33) and 16EBR66 on Beaver Bayou, appear
                           similar in age and presumed function also. Both sites appear to represent campsites which
                           date from the Paleo-Indian or Early Archaic period. Impacts at 16EBR33 include both
                           residential construction and drainage unprovements. The National Register eligibility has
                           not been determined for this site.


                           5.2.5.5.2. Effects of No Action. Channel migration could expose and eventually erode
                           potentially significant cultural resources.

                           5.2.5.5.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2 and BW-P4. Similarities to Beaver Bayou indicate the
                           project area has a low probability for containing significant cultural resources. However,
                           intensive investigations should be undertaken prior to the next phase of work. The
                           proposed project has potential for adversely affecting one previously recorded potentially
                           significant archeological site (16EBR33). An attempt should be made to identify site
                           limits with relation to the project boundaries and make a final determination of eligibility
                           prior to construction of the project features. The SHPO has been informed of these
                           recommendations (Appendix G).


                           5.2-5.6. RECREATION RESOURCES


                           5.2.5.6.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                           5.2.5.6.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                           5.2.5.6.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. This is the same as for this category under Plan
                           WCC-P4A5.



                                                                      EIS-89










            5.2.5.6.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. This is the same as for this category under Plan
            BW-P2.


            5.2.5.7. AESTHETICS


            5.2.5.7.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.5.7.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.5.7.4. 'Effects of Plan BW-P2. Impacts to existing aesthetics and proposed mitigation
            are similar to Plan BBN-Pl. However, the extent of strearn bank channel enlargement
            areas is different. The 13.5 miles of tree plantings would mitigate the losses of these

            resources.


            5.2.5.7.5. Effects of Plan BW-P4. This is the same as for this category under Plan
            BW-P2 plan.


            5.2.5.8. NOISE


            5.2.5.8.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.5.8.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek-

            5.2.5.8.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. This is essentially the same as for this category under
            Jones Creek- The total duration for project construction is projected to be approximately
            18 months.


            5.2.5.8.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. This is the same as for this category as under Plan
            BW-P2.


            5.2.5.9. VECTORS


            5.2.5.9.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.5.9.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

            5.2.5.9.3. Effects of All Plans. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.








                                                      EIS-90











                          5.2.5.10. SOCIOECONOMIC RESOURCES


                          The purpose of this section is to describe the more significant social and economic
                          conditions of the area and to identify potential impacts of various project alternatives,
                          including no Federal action.


                          5.2.5.10.1. Land Use.


                          5.2.5.10.1.1. Significance. This the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                          5.2.5.10.1.2. Effects of No Action. The general effects of no action would include the
                          continued level of flood hazard in the Blackwater Bayou Watershed. Table 5-2-5-10-1
                          shows 1985 land use for this watershed. The trend of urban growth can be expected to
                          continue through the continued conversion of agricultural and forest lands, influenced in
                          part by the level of flood protection.

                          5.2.5.10.1.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. The immediate effects of the above plan on land use
                          would be a reduction -in the current level of flood hazard that threatens developments in
                          the less protected areas of the watershed, primarily residential developments. There are no
                          direct changes in land use due to project construction.



                                                             TABLE 5-2-5-10-1
                                                Blackwater Bayou Watershed 1985 Land Use


                                                   Urban                          2,882  acres
                                                   Agriculture                    3,716  acres
                                                   Forest                         2,743  acres
                                                   Water                               0 acres
                                                   Wetlands                            0 acres
                                                   Other                               0 acres


                                                      Totals                      9,341-Ad-res




                          .5.26.10.1.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. Impacts would be simflar to Plan BW-P2.

                          5.2.5.10.2. Housing.

                          5.2.5.10.2. 1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

                          5.2.5.10.2.2. Effects of No Action. The effect of no action, or the lock of any other flood
                          control program, would result in the continued periodic flooding of those houses within the


                                                                   EIS-91










             watershed that have inadequate flood protection. Recent studies of this watershed indicate
             that approximately 866 residential structures have floor elevations at or below the current
             100-year level of flood protection. Current insurance programs for homeowners encourage
             new construction to provide greater protection.

             5.2.5.10.2.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. Completion of this plan would substantially reduce
             the threat of flooding within the watershed. With the project in place, the number of
             residential structures with floor elevations at or below the 100-year level of protection
             would decline from 866 to 642.


             5.2.5.10.2.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. Impacts would be similar to Plan BW-P2 with a
             slightly greater reduction of the flood threat, since this channel would accommodate a
             larger flow. This plan would leave approximately 461 residential structures at or below
             the 100-year level of protection.

             5.2.5.10.3. Property Value.

             5.2.5.10.3.1. Significance This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


             5.2.5.10.3.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


             5.2.5.10.3.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. The drainage improvements offered by this plan
             would tend to raise the value of existing developments where the potential for flood
             damages is the greatest. The value of undeveloped areas would also tend to rise.

             5.2.5.10.3.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. Impacts would be sirriffiar to Plan BW-P2.

             5.2.5.10.4. Business and Industry.

             5.2.5.10.4.1. Sivrifficance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


             5.2.5.10.4.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones CYeek-


             5.2.5.10A.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. Improved flood protection would reduce physical
             damages to businesses and industries, as well as reduce possible disruption of normal
             business activities, with an accompanying income loss.

             5.2.5.10.4.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. Impacts would be similar to Plan@BW-Pl

             5.2.5.10.5. Employment.

             5.2.5.10.5.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


                                                       EIS-92











                         5.2.5.10.5.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


                         5.2.5.10.5.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2- Employment generated by construction of the
                         project would tend to be temporary. In addition to tins employment, the unproved flood
                         protection would indirectly help control overall economic development costs and enhance
                         employment opportunities.


                         5.2.5.10.5.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. Impacts would be simila to Plan BW-P2.

                         5.2.5.10.6. Community and Regional Growth.

                         5.2.5.10.6.1. Significance This is the same for this category as under Jones Creek.


                         5.2.5.10.6.2. Effects of No Action. As this watershed is one of the more rural in the
                         parish. not as much growth is expected as in those watersheds along the two interstate
                         highways. However, some growth would occur even without additional flood protection.

                         5.2.5.10.6.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. Improved drainage throughout the watershed would
                         facilitate whatever growth might occur.


                         5.2.5.10.6.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. Impacts would be similar to Plan BW-P2.

                         5.2.5.10.7. Displacement of People.

                         5.2.5.10.7.l. Significance. As discussed in the section on Housing, some 800 residential
                         structures are located within the 100-year flood zone. Assuming that the size of an
                         average household within this zone is about the same as an average household in East
                         Baton Rouge Parish as reported in the 1990 Census, or 2.65 persons, the total population
                         living within this 100-year flood zone is about 2,120.


                         5.2.5.10.7.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No- Action under Jones Creek.


                         5.2.5.10.7.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. Assum      the average number of persons per
                         household within the 100-year flood zone would be 2.65 (similar to the 1990 Census
                         num      for East Baton Rouge Parish), this plan would reduce the total number of people
                         in the 100-year floodplain from 2,300 to 1,675, a reduction of 625.

                         5.2.5.10.7.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. The impacts would be similar to Plan BW-P2. An
                         estimated 1,100 people currently livin g in the 100-year flood zone would no longer be
                         subject to floods of this frequency and possible displacement.




                                                                  EIS-93










             5.2.5.10.8. Displacement of Farms.

             5.2.5.10.8.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek-


             5.2.5.10.8.2. Effects of No Action. Over 3,700 acres of agricultural land remain in this
             watershed. Even under without-project conditions, a further decrease is expected as the
             population grows and changes in technology continue.

             5.2.5.10.8.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. Improved flood protection would probably have a
             minimal impact on farms in this watershed. Construction features of this plan would not
             unpact any agricultural land, however, 90 acres zoned as farmland would be converted to
             permanently forested land with implementation of the offshe mitigation feature.

             5.2.5.10.8.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. Irnpacts are similar to Plan BW-P2. Construction
             features would not impact any agricultural land, however, as this plan involves greater
             channel enlargement, more farmland acres (154) will be set aside for offshe mitigation
             purposes.


             5.2.5.10.9. Public Facilities and Services.


             5.2.5.10.9.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.5.10.9.2. Effects of No Action. The expansion of public facilities and services would
             follow any future population growth. This growth is expected to be very slow.

             5.2.5.10.9.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. Improved flood protection should facilitate the slow
             growth in this watershed along with an increase in demand for public facilities and
             services. The channel enlargement in this plan would require the relocation of 11 bridges,
             5 pipelines, and 2 power lines.

             5.2.5.10.9.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. Similar impacts to Plan BW-P2-


             5.2.5.10.10. Tax Revenues.


             5.2.5.10.10.1. Significance. This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.

             5.2.5.10.10.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


             5.2.5.10.10.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. Improved flood protection could attract
             development in areas where protection is currently marginal or inadequate. The increased
             development and improved protection would help to maintain the stability of the tax base.



                                                      EIS-94









                          5.2.5.10.10.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. Simila impacts to Plan BW-P2.

                          5.2.5.10.11. Community Cohesion.

                          5.2.5.10.11.1. Significance This is the same as for this category under Jones Creek.


                          5.2.5.10.11.2. Effects of No Action. This is the same as for No Action in Jones Creek.


                          5.2.5.10.11.3. Effects of Plan BW-P2. Nfinimal impact to community cohesion as flood
                          protection is improved with very little environmental change.

                          5.2.5.10.11.4. Effects of Plan BW-P4. Simila impacts to Plan BW-P2.


                          5.3. CMILTIATIVE IMPACTS.


                          Population growth of the parish has slowed in recent years as compared to the rapid
                          growth of the 1950's through early 1980's with the decline of the oil industry. A growth
                          rate of 0.6 percent is projected to occur between 1986 and 2047. Development involving
                          the clearing of wooded lands under the future without project condition will result in little
                          changes in the older parts of Baton Rouge simply because there is little left to develop.
                          Development of the northern area will likely continue to be slow, but development of the
                          southern portion, however, will result in the rapid conversion of wooded and agricultural
                          lands to residential and commercial use because the demand for land is so great. The past
                          and projected conversion of wooded land to urban uses within the total parish, and the
                          different portions, is reflected in Table 5-2-1-2-1. The city/parish has developed what is
                          called The Horizon Plan to assist in planned growth and development. The Horizon Plan
                          incorporates numerous concepts, one of which is drainage, and was adopted by the
                          city/parish council in 1992.

                          The total of 280 acres of wooded land converted to flood control channels by the sum of
                          the Tentatively Selected Plans for each of the watersheds described in this report would be
                          a part of the total, but would consist of a minimal portion of the total wooded land
                          converted in the parish during the time of construction. However, the conversion of
                          approximately 397 acres of cleared land to wooded land as proposed by the habitat
                          mitigation plan would actually result in a net increase, as a result of the proposed action,
                          in the total amount of wooded land in the parish. Various flood control activities planned
                          by the city/parish but awaiting funding would be additive to, but not part of, the proposed
                          action. These actions consist of replacements of culverts or bridges.- additional clearing
                          and snagging or enlargement of channels,, and simila activities. Some adverse impacts
                          would accrue to the aquatic and terrestrial resources including wedand functions as a result
                          of these actions in the process of achieving positive social and economic impacts.



                                                                   EIS-95












                 6. LIST OF PREPARERS


                 The following people were primarily responsible for preparing this statement.


                   NAME                           DISCIPLINE                 EXPERIENCE                  ROLE IN EIS
                                                  EXPERTISE

                   Mr. William Wilson             Wildlife Biology           6 Yrs, Wildlife BioL,       EIS Coordinatw,
                                                                             Georgia DNR4                Effects on Agn lands,
                                                                             15 Yrs, Biologis:4 NOD      BLH ftem,T&E
                                                                                                         species, Aquatic
                                                                                                         Resources (Ecol.),
                                                                                                         Noise, ectors

                       Francis Vicidornina        Civil Engineer             14 Yrs, Civil               Study Manager
                                                                             Engineering, NOD

                   Aft. Timothy Looldrigbill      Economics                  28 Yrs, Regional            Project Benefits,
                                                                             Economis@ NOD               Effects on
                                                                                                         Socioeconomics

                   A&. Stephen Finnegan           Aesthetics                 17 Yrs, Landscape           Effects on Aesthetics,
                                                  Recreation                 Architect, NOD              Recreation

                   Adr. James Wajtala             Archeology                 17 Yrs, Archeologist, 3     Effects on Cultirial
                                                                             Yrs NOD                     Resources

                   1*1r. Bill Hicics              Hydraulic                  5 Yrs Civil,                Effects on Aquatic
                                                  Environmental              2 Yrs Environmental         Resources (Water
                                                  Engineer                   Engineering, NOD            Quality),
                                                                                                         Water Quality Section
                                                                                                         of Engurng Appendix

                   Ms. Cheryl G. Peyton,          HydrMlic Engineer          4 Yrs Civil, 4 Yrs          HTRW Appendix
                   P.E.                                                      Environmental
                                                                             Engineer, 2 Yrs NOD

                   NU. Julie Z LeBlanc,           Hydraulic Engineer         3 Yrs Civil, Priv.          -404(b)(1) (Physic@
                   P.E.                                                      Indus; 2 Yrs Hyrdraulic     features); HTRW
                                                                             Engnr, NOD                  Appendix

                   Mr. Falcolm Hull               Civil Engineer             20 Yrs, Civil               Study Supervision
                                                                             Engineering; Study          Land Use Appendix
                                                                             Mngr, NOD

                   Mr. Nicholas Constan           Economist                  23 Yrs, Regional            Overall Economic
                                                                             Economist, NOD              Review

                   1Ar. David Carney              Wildlife Biology           1 Yr, Biologist,            Overall Environmental
                                                                             USFWS;                      Review
                                                                             15 Yrs, Biologist, NED
                                                                             & NOD


                                                                      EIS-96










                         7. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT, REVIEW, AND CONSULTATION


                         7. 1. PUBLIC INVOLVEM[ENT PROGRAM


                         The initial public meeting was held October 30, 1984, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to allow
                         the public to comment on the plans developed in the Initial Evaluation Report. Scoping
                         for this EIS was begun with the mailing of a scoping input request dated March 4, 1988 to
                         all on the mailing list for the project. Major concerns resulting from that mailing
                         including prompt implementation of flood control measures, alternatives, fish and wildlife
                         habitat protection, and non-structural alternatives. Letters received from the following
                         agencies or individuals were as follows: from Federal agencies - four, from local
                         government - two; from local business - one; from environmental groups - one; and from
                         private citizens - five. Between 1988 and 1993 meetings have been held with
                         environmental groups, Federal and state government, and with local City/Parish
                         government. Close coordination has. been maintained with the Amite River Basin Drainage
                         and Water Conservation District (ARBWCD). Corps of Engineers personnel have attended
                         their meetings. -Corps personnel have met with local mayors, state legislators, Baton
                         Rouge Chamber of Commerce, East Baton Rouge City/Parish Department of Public Works,
                         Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Louisiana Department of Environmental
                         Quality, Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, and Louisiana
                         Department of Agriculture and Forestry. For a more complete discussion of the public
                         involvement program, see the Section entitled Summary of Coordination, Public Views,
                         and Comments within the Feasibility Repom


                         7.2. REQUIRED COORDINATION / COMPLIANCE


                         7.2.1. General. As indicated in the previous paragraph, close coordination has been
                         maintained with several local, state, and Federal agencies. Major statutes for which
                         compliance has been achieved or will be achieved are included in the following
                         paragraphs.


                         7.2.2. National Envirorimental Policy Act. The following activities have been or are in
                         the process of being accomplished: filing of a notice of intent in the Federal Register on
                         February 12, 1988; scoping as indicated Paragraph 7.1 above; publishing this document
                         and incorporation of comments from public review including a public meeting into a Final
                         Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS); and, finally, preparation and signing of a Record
                         of Decision.


                         7.2.3. Clean Air Act. Review of this statement by the Environmental Protection Agency
                         achieves compliance.





                                                                  EIS-97










             7.2.4. Clean Water Act. A 404(b)(1) Evaluation is prepared for the portions of the overall
             project for which materials will be deposited into waters of the United States. Project
             compliance with 404(r) requirements has been achieved, however, the District will pursue
             State of Louisiana Water Quality Certification, instead. Application has been made to the
             Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality for certification of the Tentatively
             Selected Plan for each of the watersheds.


             7.2.5. Coastal Zone Management Act. Minimally applicable in this parish.

             7.2.6. National Historic Preservation Act. Preliminary cultural resources investigations
             have been coordinated with the State Historic Preservation Office (S]HPO). Plans to
             conduct additiorial investigations are being coordinated with the SBPO. All necessary
             cultural resources studies and coordination will be completed prior to construction.

             7.2.7. Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act. Regular communication has been maintained
             with the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) as well as the Louisiana Department of
             Wildlife and Fisheries. The report, of the Secretary of the Interior (from the USFWS) is
             included in this report. Recommendations and the District responses are included in
             paragraph 7.4.

             7.2.8. Endangagd Species Ac Correspondence was initiated with all agencies
             responsible for administering the Act. Copies of the correspondence and any pertinent
             follow-up correspondence is included in Section 4 of Appendix E. One specific section of
             this EIS addresses the concerns of this statute.


             7.2.9. Farmland Protection Policy Act. A request was made to the representative of the
             Soil Conservation Service regarding compliance with this statute. A copy of the rating
             form for the features of the project affecting land zoned as farmland is included in Section
             6 of Appendix E.


             7.2.10. Executive Order 11988, Floodylain Management. This orderdeals with
             minimizing or avoiding impacts associated with the base floodplain unless there is no
             practicable alternative. Public notice of possible Federal actions to be recommended
             within the floodplain was made at the public meeting of October 30, 1984, within the
             Notice of Intent to prepare an EIS, in the scoping packet mailed to interested individuals,
             and in this statement.


             7.2.11. Executive Order 11990, Protection of Wetlands. This order was considered in
             planning. The decision to haul the dredged material to a landfill in three of the watersheds
             was based, in part, upon this order.





                                                      EIS-98












                           7.3. DRAFT STATEMENT RECIPIENTS.


                           Copies of the draft EIS are being mailed to those listed in Section 8 of Appendix E.


                           7.4. PUBLIC VIEWS AND RESPONSES


                           Public Involvement., The views expressed during the scoping period were considered in
                           the planning process. Significant flood events of 1953, 1962, 1973, 1977, 1979, 1983,
                           1989, 1990, and 1993 resulted in significant public concern for corrective flood control
                           action to be taken. Meetings with enviromnental groups revealed their concern for
                           aesthetics and green areas within the urban area.


                           7.5. U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (USFWS) RECOMNMNDATIONS


                           The recommendations made by the USFWS; in their Draft Coordination Act Report are
                           listed below along with the Corps of Engineers responses.

                                  1. To the extent feasible, flood control measures in Blackwater and Beaver
                           Bayous, particularly in the lower reaches, should be limited to minimal clearing and
                           snagging activities.

                                  Response: The Tentatively Selected Plan proposed for Blackwater Bayou includes
                           minimal modification from the mouth of the bayou at the Comite River upstream to
                           Hooper Road. The Tentatively Selected Plan proposed for Beaver Bayou includes no
                           channel modification from the Comite River upstream to Frenchtown Road.

                                  2. Where sufficient space is available, channel rights-of-way impacted by channel
                           enlargement should be revegetated immediately after construction is completed.

                                  Response: The aesthetic mitigation plan will include, where space is available, the
                           planting of hardwood trees and shrubs on Jones Creek, Ward Creek, and Bayou Fountain,
                           and trees only on Beaver and Blackwater Bayous. This would be in addition to any
                           habitat mitigation. Channel slopes would be planted with grass seed to establish a turf
                           immediately after construction is completed.

                                  3. Project impacts to fish and wildlife resources should be mitigated by either a)
                           purchasing and implementing timber stand improvement measures on 319 acres of land
                           adjacent to Bayou Duplantier, from the Stanford Avenue crossing to its confluence with
                           Dawson Creek, or b) purchasing and reforesting 436 acres of open land, in one parcel or
                           scattered tracts, located adjacent to land(s) currently owned by the Baton Rouge Recreation
                           and Park Commission. These lands should be located within floodplain areas with
                           hydrology similar to that of the project channels.


                                                                     EIS-99










                   Response: Currently the recommended mitigation plan, which is the product of an
            attempt to develop consensus of the Corps and Service's evaluation and compensation
            output, would include acquisition of 397 acres of land, 115 of which would be adjacent to
            one of the BREC parks, with the 282-acre residual area currently to be off Joor Road in
            the northern portion of the parish. We should not restrict the local sponsor to these two
            specific tracts, however, if other suitable sites become available at less costs. We concur
            with the concept that mitigation may be more cost effective to riparian species on sites
            adjacent to streams; however, this is based upon the assumption that land would be
            available and would be relatively inexpensive when actually it may not be inexpensive
            because of high acquisition and severance costs when dealing with numerous property
            owners. We do not recommend the acquisition of the tract of land adjacent to Bayou
            Duplantier because of high real estate costs.

                   4. Maintenance work conducted on impacted streams should be limited to instream
            clearing and snagging with hand-held equipment.

                   Response: The future conditions without any Federal action includes maintenance
            work consisting of regular herbicide applications to control instream tree growth and to
            produce channel banks lined with bermudagrass. This is currently being done on some
            basins and is planned for all basins. It would continue with implementation of any
            alternative. With any alternative in place, operation and maintenance would involve
            as-needed removal of large obstructions. Periodic selective clearing and snagging, Le.,
                     .9 the use of hand-held equipment, would be utilized to maintain the channels.

                   5. Prior to initiating any construction activities, the Fish and Wildlife Service
            (Service) should be consulted regarding threatened and endangered species, particularly the
            bald eagle, as there is a currently inactive nest in the vicinity of the work area.

                   Response: Concur.


















                                                     EIS-100












                                                         LrrERATURE CrMD



                         Allen, A.W. 1986. Habitat suitability index models: mink, revised. U.S. Fish and
                                 Wildlffe Service Biological Report 82(10.127). 23 pp.

                         Brinson, M.M., B.L. Swift, R.C. Plantico, and J.S. Barclay. 1981. Riparian ecosystems:
                                their ecology and status. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-81/17.
                                154 pp.

                         Bryant, Douglas Donne. 1985. A Cultural Resources Survey of Beaver Bayou, East Baton
                                Rouge Parish, Louisiana. Prepared by Coastal Environments for Department
                                of Public Works, Baton Rouge.

                         Dance, R.E., B.J. Griffis, B.B. Nutt, A.G. White, S.A. Lytle, and J.E. Seaholin. 1968.
                                Soil survey of East Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. USDA Soil
                                Conservation Service. 80 pp.+

                         Fredrickson, LIL 1980. Management of lowland hardwood wetlands for wildlife:
                                problems and potential. Trans. N. Am. Wildl. Nat. Resource Conf. 45:
                                376-386.


                         Goodwin, R. Christopher, Stephen Hinks, William P. Athens, Lawrence L. Hewitt@ and
                                William A. Morgan. 1990. Literature Search and Research Design Amite
                                River and Tributaries Project: Ascension, East Baton Rouge, and Livingston
                                Parishes, Louisiana Prepared by R. Christopher Goodwin and Associates,
                                Inc. for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, New Orleans District

                         Hartfield, P. 1988. Status survey for the Alabama beelsplitter mussel, Potamilus inflatus
                                (Lea, 1831). A report to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 27 pp.+.

                         Hubert, W.A., and J.N. KruH. 1973. Seasonal fluctuations of aquatic macroinvertebrates
                                in Oakwood Bottoms greentree reservoir. Am. Md. Nat. 90: 177-185.

                         International Society of Arboriculture. 1989. Guide for establishing values of trees and
                                other plants. Prepared by Council. of Tree and Landscape Appraisers,
                                Revision IV, International Society of Arboriculture, Urbana, Illinois. In
                                Wenger, Karl F., ed., Forestry Handbook, Second Edition, John Wiley and
                                Sons, New York, pp 979 - 980.






                                                                 EIS-101










                                       LITERATURE CITED (Continued)

            May, D.M. and D.F. Bertelson. 1986. Forest statistics for Louisiana parishes. US Forest
                   Service. Southern Forest Experiment Station. Resource Bulletin SO-1 15.
                   59 pp.

            Nunnally, N.R. and F.D. Shields. 1985. Incorporation of environmental features in flood
                   control projects. U.S. Army Engineers Waterways Exp. Sta., Tech. Rpt.
                   E-85-3. 232 pp+.

            Stauffer, D.F. and L.B. Best. 1980. Habitat selection by birds of riparian communities:
                   evaluating effects of habitat alterations. J. Wildl. Manage. 44 (1): 1-15.

            Stem, E.M. 1976. The freshwater mussels (Unionidae) of the Lake
                   Maurepas-Pontchartrain-Borgne drainage system, Louisiana and Mississippi.
                   Ph.D. Dissertation, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA. 206 pp.

            Thomas, C.E., and C.V. Bylin. 1982. Louisiana Mid-Cycle Survey Shows Change in
                   Forest Resource Trends. Southern Forest Experiment Station. Resource
                   Bulletin SO-86. 33 pp.

            U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1990. Amite River and Tributaries, Louisiana: Comite
                   River Basin. Feasibility Study and Environmental Impact Statement.

            Wharton, C. H., W.M. Kitchens, E.C. Pendleton, and T.W. Sipe. 1982. The ecology of
                   bottornland hardwood swamps of the southeast: a community profile. U.S.
                   Fish and Wildlife Service. FWS/OBS-81-37. 133 pp.

            Weinstein, Richard Alan. 1985. Archeological investigations at the Lee Site, East Baton
                   Rouge Parish, Louisiana. Prepared by Coastal Environments Inc. for
                   Louisiana Division of Archeology, Department of Culture, Tourism, and
                   Recreation. Baton Rouge.















                                                    EIS-102






 0



















                  TENTATIVE RECOMMENDATION














                TENTATIVE


                     As the District Engineer, I find that the tentatively
                selected plan as developed in this report is based on a
                comprehensive analysis and evaluation of all practicable
                alternatives to reduce flood damages in East Baton Rouge
                Parish. The plan produces net excess benefits over cost and
                has a favorable benefit-to-cost ratio. I have considered the
                significant environmental, social, and economic effects, the
                engineering feasibility, and the input received from the public
                and have determined that the plan is in the public interest.

                     I recommend that the existing project "Amite River and
                Tributaries, Louisiana" authorized by the Flood Control Act of
                9 August 1955, be modified to provide additional flood
                protection by construction of channel modifications to five
                watersheds in East Baton Rouge Parish. These watersheds are
                Blackwater Bayou and its main Tributary, Beaver Bayou, Jones
                Creek and Tributaries, Ward Creek and Tributaries, and Bayou
                Fountain. The comprehensive plan consists of modifying
                approximately 66 total miles of channels. Modifications
                include approximately 25 miles of minimal clearing and
                snagging, 24 miles of earthen channel enlargement, and 17 miles
                of channel concrete lining. Included in the proposed
                construction are 60 miles of stream bank aesthetic tree
                plantings. Mitigation features consist of the reforestation of
                397 acres of cleared land to compensate for an estimated
                280 acres of bottomland hardwoods that would be lost to project
                construction. These acreages may be adjusted given the future
                availability of sites. Recreation features include an 11-mile
                bicycle path.


                     Further, I recommend construction to be subject to cost-
                sharing and financing arrangements with the responsible non-
                Federal agency, East Baton Rouge Parish, sponsoring the project
                that are satisfactory to the President and the Congress..


                     These recommendations are made with the provisions that
                prior to implementation, the non-Federal sponsor agrees to
                comply with the following requirements:

                     a. Provide all lands, easements, rights-of-way, excavated
                material disposal areas, as may be determined by the Government
                to be necessary for construction, operation, and maintenance of
                all features of the project;











               b. Accomplish at no cost to the Government all
          relocations and removals of (excluding railroad bridges and
          approaches thereto) including pipelines, cables, and other
          facilities including drainage facilities required by the
          construction of the project, and alterations of buildings
          determined by the Government to be necessary for construction
          of the project;


               c. Provide during the period of construction a cash
          contribution equal to 5 percent of total flood control project
          cost;


               d. Provide such additional amount necessary so that the
          total contribution of non-Federal interest for structural flood
          control features of the project is not less than 25 percent of
          the cost of the project assigned to structural flood control;


               e. Provide during the period of construction a cash
          contribution equal to 50 percent of the total cost of the
          recreation features;


               f. Hold and save the United States free from damages due
          to the construction, operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation
          of the project, except where such damages are due to the fault
          or negligence of the United States or its contractors;


               g. Assume responsibility for any legal liabilities
          resulting from transfer of water from one watershed to another;

               h. Assume responsibility for operating, maintaining,
          replacing, repairing, and rehabilitating the project or
          completed elements thereof including mitigation and recreation
          features without cost to the Government, in-accordance with
          regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army;

               i. No less than once each year inform affected interests
          of the limitations of the protection afforded by the project;

               j. Participate in and comply with applicable Federal
          floodplain management and flood insurance programs;

               k. Publicize floodplain information in the area concerned
          and shall provide this information to zoning and other
          regulatory agencies for their guidance and leadership in
          preventing unwise future development in the floodplain and in










                 adopting such regulations as may be necessary to prevent unwise
                 future development and to ensure compatibility with protection
                 levels provided by the project;

                      1. Implement and enforce existing and required
                 supplemental flood damage prevention ordinances in the Bayou
                 Fountain watershed;


                      M. Exact ordinances and promulgate regulations prior to
                 initiation of construction to prevent construction and
                 encroachment on the proposed project works that would reduce
                 their flood-carrying capacity or hinder maintenance and
                 operation, 'and control development in the project area to
                 prevent an undue increase in the flood damage potential;


                      n. Comply with the applicable provisions of the Uniform
                 Relocations Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies
                 Act of 1970, PL 91-646, approved January 2, 1971, in acquiring
                 lands, easements, and rights-of-way for construction and
                 subsequent operation and maintenance of the project, and inform
                 all affected persons of applicable benefits, policies, and
                 procedures in connection with said Act;


                      o. Assume complete responsibility for the clean up of any
                 hazardous material located on project lands and regulated under
                 Federal, state, and/or local laws or ordinances including the
                 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
                 Liability Act (CERCLA) and responsibility for operating,
                 maintaining, replacing, repairing, and rehabilitating the
                 project in a manner so that liability will not arise under
                 CERCLA or other Federal, state, and/or local guidelines;

                      p. Comply with Section 601 of Title VI of- the Civil
                 Rights Act of 1964 (PL 88-352) that no person shall be excluded
                 from participation in, denied the benefits of, or subjected to
                 discrimination in connection with the project on the grounds of
                 race, creed, or national origin;

                      q. Comply with Section 221 of PL 91-611, Flood Control
                 Act of 1970, approved December 31, 1970, which provides that
                 the construction of any water resource project by the Corps of
                 Engineers shall not be started until the local sponsor has
                 entered into a written agreement to furnish its required
                 cooperation for the project;











              r. Assure that construction and maintenance of any non-
         Federal flood control features do not diminish the flood
         protection provided by the authorized project plan.


              The recommendations contained herein reflect the
         information available at this time and current departmental
         policies governing formulation of individual projects. They do
         not reflect program and budgeting priorities inherent in the
         formulation of a national civil works construction program nor
         the prospect of higher review levels within the Executive
         Branch. Consequently, the recommendations may be modified
         before they are transmitted to the Congress as proposed for
         authorization and implementation funding.










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                                                                                                                                                                                                                         3-                                                                                   2
                                                  5                                                                                   4



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                                                                                                                                                                                   WEEP HOLES                                                           WEEP HOLES

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Ok
                                                                                                                                 FILTER DRAIN FABRIC                                                                                                                                            ILTER DtAIN FABRIC
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                213
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                EL.  VARIE
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                                                                                                                                                                                                            TYPICAL SECTION
                                                                                                                                                                                  WARD CREEK WATERSHED - NORTH BRANCH

                                                                                                                                                                                                                         N.T.S.

                     I" REINFORCED CONCRE                                           CHAIN LINK FENCE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CHAIN LINK FENCE                                                   CED
                       AVEMENT (BIKE PATH)                                                                                                                                                                                      C14ANNEL                                                                                                                                                             4" REINFDR           ENT
                                             TO                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               EL. VARIES
                                                     AA
                                                      IN                      EL.   VARIES


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4" REINFORCED
                                                                                            /P              4" REINFORCED
                                                                                                            CONCRETE PAVEMENT
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         CONCRETE PAVEMENT 0
                                                                               8"


                                                                                                                                                   6" REINFORCED                                                                                                                  6" REINIFORCED
                                                                                                                                                     ONC ETE     FAVEMENT                                                       8" REINFORCED CONCRETE                            CONCRETE PAVEMENT


                                                                                                                                                                                  WEEP HOLES                                                            WEEP   HOLES


                                                                                                                                 FILTER DRAIN FABRIC
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ILTER   DRAIN FABRIC
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                'Z/3
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            AMITE RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        EAST BATON ROUGE PARISK LA.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           FEASIBILITY STUDY
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          5'-0"                                                                                                                                        WARD CREEK AND JONES CREEK WATERSHEDS                                    A
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   BOTTOM WIDTH                                                                                                                                            TENTATIVELY SELECTED-PLAN
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       TYPICALC
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           ROSS SECTION (2 OF 3)
                                                                                                                                                                                                            TYPICAL SECTION                                                                                                                                                          U,    ARMY ENOPMR DMMCr, M ONA"S
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   COMM OF RNGRT=RS
                                                                                                                                                                                                   JONES CREEK WATERSHED                                                                                                                                               ON - m.                  NEW ORLEANS. LOMSIANA
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       DESIGNED BY,  TAN       PLOT                       CADD FILE, WAMOM
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         N.T.S.                                                                                                                                        DRAWN Bf.    COUVILLION                            FILE NO.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       CHECKED BYt  JOLISSAINT DATE, SEPTEMBiR ige-4      H-4-40273
                                                 5                                                                                   4                                                                                   3                                                                                   2                                                                                                               ,PLATE .48







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                                                      2.5'-                                                                    VARIES                                                                          2.5'



                                                              EL. VARIES                                                                                                                       EL. VARIES


                                                                 REINFORCED CONCRETE WINGWALL                                                                               REINFOR 0 CONCRETE WINGWALL


                           SAND FILL                                                                                                                                                                                                 SAND FILL
                                                                                                                                                                                            WEEP HOLES
                                                                 WEEP HOLES


                                                              EL. VARIES                                                                                                                       EL. VARIES





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                                                                       CUTOFF WALL                                                                                                  CUTOFF WALL
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                                                         EP HOLES                                                                                        WEEP HOLES
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       SCALE:      1'- 0"

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            10,
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    FEASIBILITY STUDY
                                                                                                                                                                         I   I'
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               BAYOU FOUNTAIN WATERSHED            A
                                                                                                                                            SAND FILL                             1A. z....                               TENTATIVELY SELECTED PLAN
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       TYPICAL CROSS SECTION (3 OF 3)
                                                                                 TYPICAL    REINFORCED      CONCRETE U-SHAPE                                                                                                    U.1 ARNT INGIMER UMCT, NEW ORUANS
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         COMM Off KNOMM
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      NEW ORLKAN& LOUML&NA
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                            11 C@NILLJ              IcAmFiLb mmumLoom-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        ORA       ON     32  1  N /A FILE NO
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                        UNITED STATES                                                                                                                                              FRED QUADRANGLE
                 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR                                                                                                                                             LOUISIANA
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                                             TABLE      C- 1-39                                                                                     TABLE     C- 1-39
                                        (BLACKWATER           BAYOU)                                                             (BLACKWATER          BAYOU      AND    TRIBUTARIES)
                                 HOOPER      CRUMHOLT       CAREY       BLACKWATER             OLD
                    EVEN
                                   ROAD        ROAD           ROAD          ROAD         SETTLEMENT                                      TRIBUTARY          #1                 TRIBUTARY

                      I-YR         2.3          3.3           4.8            2.9               2.3                                 2400  FT     GURNEY         CORE            LA
                                                                                                                     IEVENT     U/S MOUTH        ROAD          LANE         HWY   410
                      2-YR         2.3          3.6           4.1            2.3               2.0

                                                                                                                                                    2.3
                      5-YR         2.3          3.2           3.5            1.9               1.6                        -YR        1.5                         1.2           0.0
                     10-YR         2.2          2.7           3.3            1.4               1.4                       2-YR        1.7            1. 3         1.5           O'o
                     25-YR         2.7          2.5           3.2            1.1               0.6                      5            2.0            1.6          2.0           0.0
                                                                                                                          -YR
                     50-YR         1.7          1.2           1.2            1.1               0.3            1
                                                                                                                         10-YR       2.5            1.4          2.2           O.o
                        -Y
                     100 R         1.5          1.4           1.0            1.0               0.3      ;z-
                                                                                                                        25-YR        2.2            1.2          1.9           O.o
                    200-YR         1.4          1.4           10             0.9               0.3                      50-YR        2.0            1.2          1.0           O.o
                  I 500-YRI        1.2     1    1.3           1.0            0.6               0.3                                                                             0.0
                                                                                                                        100-YR       1.8            1.2          0.6
                                                                                                                     1200-YR         0              1.2          0.6           0.0
                                                                                                                      500-YR,        1.5            1.2          0.5
                                      .. ... .....-
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                                                                       TABLE     C- 1-33
                                                                                                                                                                       TABLE    C
                                               (BEAVER     BAYOU     LATERAL       AND    TRIBUTARY           2)                                       (BEAVER      BAYOU AN[
                            I",  il,"vi-
                                                                  DEYALL       NEAR             DEVALL       NEAR
                                              EVENT    MOUTH                           MOUTH                                                      FRENCHTOWN        GREENWELL     w
                                                                   ROAD      PUCKETT              ROAD     CORE  LN                        EVENT       ROAD       SPRINGS RD      R

                             ... .... .... .
                                                I-YR      3.0       0.7        0?0        3.7      0.0        0@. 0
                                                                                                                                           I-YR        0.0             3.1         3
                                                2-YR      2.6       0.7         0.0
                                                                                          3.1      0.0
                                                                                                                                           @-2-YR                      3.1         3
                           '7                                                                                                                          0.0
          v- T_
             P                                            2.5       0.6@
                                                5-YR
                                                                                0.0.      2.7      ao         d 0                          5-YR        0.0             3.2
                                               10-YR                                                  -
                                                                    0.4,.       0.0       2.6      0:0-
                                                          2.4
                                                                                                                                             -YR       0.0             3.0
                                                                                                                                           10
                    ".5,"IA
                                                                    0.3
                                                                                          1.2      0                                       25-YR       0.0             3.2
                            C  v - n           50-YR      2.1       0-3         0.0       1.0      0.0        0,0
                                               25-YR      2.3                   0.0                  .0       do
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                              J
                                                                                                                                           50          0.0             3.0
                                                                                   4.                                                        -YR
                                               100-YR     1.8
                                                                            - : 0
                                                                    0.3                   0.9      0.0        0.0                          100         0.0
                                                                                                                                                                       2.7
                                              200-YR      1.8       0.2      "-O-.o   1,  0.8      QO         0.0                          /UU-TR      0.0             2.6
                                              500-YR
                                                          1.5       0.1
                                                                                0.6
                                                                                          0.8      0.0                                     500-YR      0.0
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                                                 TABLE C- 1-29
                                                                                                                                                                                       o7@    N@
                   ,WEINER CREEK AND JONES CREEK TRIBUTARY)

                                                               'JONES CREEK TRIBUTARY
                        WEINER CREEK
                                                                                                                                                                                                      2 P
                           STANLEY               CEDA'R            W. TAMS                DARRYL
            EVENf
                          ALIBIN LN         CREST AVE                DRIVE                 DRIVE

               1-yp            3.9               3.6                 3.0                      1.2                                                                              5.

               2- R                              3.4                 3.6                      1.6--
                - Y R          4.2               3.2
               5                                                     4.2
              10-Y            4.2                   .1
                                                 3                   4.9                      2.1
                              4.2                3.1
              25-Y                                                                            2.1
             5 L-:Yy          4.3                2.9                 5.4                      2.0
             1
                 -y                                                                                                                                  . ....
             0D                .3                2.8                 5.4.                   -2.0
           -2DL---Y R-        4.4                2.7                 5-2
             500-YR           4.5                2.7                 4.7













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                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  TABLE C- 1-22
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  (WARD CREEK)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              BARRINGER                           SEIGEN                   N. BRANC
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            EVENT            FORMAN RD                            LANE                    WARD CRE
                                                                                                                           41                                                         Ru                                                                                                                                    I-YR                       0.0                             0.0                           0.6

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              IV
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            2-YR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       0.0                             0.0                           0.6

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       0.0                             0.0                           0.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            S@YR

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            IU-Yh                      U.u                             0.0                           0.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            25-YR                      0.0                             0.0                           0.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     0.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            50-YR                      0.0                             0.0
                                                                                                                                                                    qu                                                                                                                                                      100-YR                     0.0                             0.0                           0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       RI              0.0                             0.0                           0.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            500-YRI                    0.0                             0.0                           0.2


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            All"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  TABLE                C-1-22
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           (NORTH BRANCH                                         WARD

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       OLD HAMM
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            r_vr_NT              MOUTH                            1-12
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             HIGHWAY


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            I-YR                    0.6                           5.8
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     0.
                                                                                                                                                      43
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    0.6                           5.4                                0.0

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            5- R                    0.6                           4.9                                0.0

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            10-YR                   0.6                           4.7                                0.0
                                                                                                                                                                    k                                                                                                                                                       25-YR                   0.4                           4.6                                0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Ni
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            50-YR                                                 4.5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    0.4                                                              0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            100-YR                  0.3                           4.5                                0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                         J                                                                                                                                                        4.4                                0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 -YR                0.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            200
                                                                                             5L                                                                                                                                                                                                                             500-YR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    0.2                           4.2                                0.0




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