[From the U.S. Government Printing Office, www.gpo.gov]





































































                                       I

                                       I






















           TC
           224
           .v8
           T52
           1992




                                                                                                   FY '91                      Task 64

                                                                                                        Final Product
                                                                                                      VA Coastal Resources Mgt. Program

                                                                                                               12/31/92











                                           Tidal Shoreline Erosion in Northern Virginia


                                                          Prepared by the

                                          Northern Virginia Planning District Commission




                                                         September, 1992















                             Preparation of this document was funded by the Virginia Council on the Environment, through a grant
                              provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended and administered by the National
                                          Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. CRMP Grant# NA170Z0359-01.












                      Tidal Shoreline Erosion in Northern Virginia


                                       Prepared by the

                      Northern Virginia Planning District Commission




                                      September, 1992






                                     Property of CSC Library
				







                                                U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE NOAA
                                                COASTAL SERVICES CENTER
                                                2234 SOUTH HOBSON AVENUE
                                                CHARLESTON, SC 29405-2413





    






                                                                             NVPDC September, 1992






                                              ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS



                  The Northern Virginia Planning District Commission wishes to acknowledge the
                  following individuals for their contributions to this project: Michael Kakuska,
                  project manager; Susan Frank, contractual shoreline erosion specialist; Lawrence
                  Frank, student intern; Bill Vaughan, geographic information systems specialist;
                  and Betty Morris, administrative secretary.

                  NVPDC also wishes to extend special thanks to Lee Hill and Ned Burger of the
                  Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Soil and Water
                  Conservation, Shoreline Erosion Advisory Service (SEAS) for their valuable
                  assistance and guidance; as well as representatives of the other state and local
                  permitting agencies and research institutions who assisted in this effort.

                  This report is an NVPDC staff product to the Virginia Council on the
                  Environment in partial fulfillment of a grant received from the 1992 Coastal Zone
                  Management Act, as administrated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
                  Administration. Any assessments and conclusions contained in this report
                  represent the results of the staff's technical investigation, and do not represent
                  policy positions of the Northern Virginia Planning District Commission unless so
                  stated in an adopted resolution of said Commission.








                                           TIDAL SHORELINE EROSION IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA


                                                                            Table of Contents


                       I.        EXECUTIVE SUMMARY                      ....................................................................................................1
                       111.      INTRODUCTION               .................................................................................................................4
                                        Study Area         ....................................................................................................................4
                                        Tidal Shorelines        ............................................................................................................6
                       III. SHORELINE EROSION                         .......................................................................................................7
                                        Waves       ............................................................................................................................8
                                        Currents       .........................................................................................................................8
                                        Tides     ...........................................................................................................*....................8
                                        Sea Level      ........................................................................................................................9
                                        Land Characteristics            ....................................................................................................9
                                        Human Activities            ........................................................................................................ 10
                       IV. ARTIFICIAL SHORELINE STABILIZATION                                       ................................................................ 12
                       V.        METHODOLOGY                .....................................................................................: ......................... 14
                                        Reference Maps          .......................................................................................................... 14
                                        Shoreline Changes Maps                ........................................................................................... 19
                                        Artificial Shoreline Stabilization Maps                    .................................................................. 20
                                        Map Text       ..................................................................................................................... 20
                       VI.       SUM[NIARY          .......................................................................................................................... 2.2
                       V11. REFERENCES                 ...................................................................................................................... 26


                                                                                  FIGURES


                       Figure 1:          Water Bodies Located Along The Study Area                           .......................................................5
                       Figure 2:          Northern Virginia's Tidal Shoreline and Associated
                                          USGS 7.5 minute Topographic Quadrangles                           ....................................................... 16
                       Figure 3:          Northern Virginia's Tidal Shoreline Segment Maps                            ........................................... 17
                       Figure 4:          Northern Virginia's Tidal Shoreline Segments                        ..................................................... 18


                                                                                   TABLES


                       Table 1:                        Summary of Tidal Shoreline and Artificial Stabilization
                                                       for Fairfax, Prince William and Arlington Counties,
                                                       and the City of Alexandria             ........................................................................ 23
                               Table 1 (a):            Tidal Shoreline and Artificial Stabilization for
                                                       Prince William County            ............................................................................... 23
                               Table l(b):             Tidal Shoreline and Artificial Stabilization for
                                                       Fairfax County        ............................................................................................. 24
                              Table 1(c).-             Tidal Shoreline and Artificial Stabilization for
                                                       Arlington County and the City of Alexandria                        ....................................... 2-5

                                                                                         i









                                                                               APPENDICES


                        Appendix 1: Northern Virginia Shoreline Segments                             ................................................................  27
                                            Map 1:       Prince William County Line to Shipping Point                          ............................ 27-30
                                            Map 2:       Shipping Point to Possum Point                   ...................................................... 31-34
                                            Map 3-       Possum Point to Cockpit Point                    ........................................................ 35-38
                                            Map 4:       Cockpit Point to Freestone Point                 ..................................................... 39-42
                                            Map 5:       Freestone Point to Mouth of Neabsco Creek                        ................................. 43-46
                                            Map 6:       Mouth of Neabsco Creek to Deephole Point                         ................................. 47-50
                                            Map 7:       Deephole Point to Occoquan River Dam                         ....................................... 51-54
                                            Map 8:       Occoquan River Dam to Route 1 Bridge                        ........................................ 55-58
                                            Map 9:       Route 1 Bridge to Kanes Creek                    ........................................................ 59-62
                                            Map 10:      Kanes Creek to Sandy Point                 ............................................................. 63-66
                                            Map 11:      Sandy Point to Sycamore Point                    ....................................................... 67-71
                                            Map 12:      Sycamore Point to Hallowing Point                     ............................................... 71-74
                                            Map 13:      Hallowing Point to Pohick Bay                    ........................................................ 75-78
                                            Map 14:      Pohick Bay to Whitestone Point                   ...................................................... 79-82
                                            Map 15:      Whitestone Point to Ferry Point                  ...................................................... 83-86
                                            Map 16:      Ferry Point to Little Hunting Creek                  ................................................ 87-90
                                            Map 17:      Little Hunting Creek to Hog Island                   ................................................ 91-94
                                            Map 18:      Hog Island to Hunting Creek                  ........................................................... 95-98
                                            Map 19:      Hunting Creek to Four Mile Run                   ..................................................  99-102
                                            Map 20:      Four Mile Run to Theodore Roosevelt Bridge                         ...........................  103-106
                                            Map 21:      Theodore Roosevelt Bridge to Little Falls                    ..................................  107-110


                        Appendix 2:         Shoreline Situation Review               ................................................................................. 111
                                            Attachment 2A-1:            Physiographic Data for Northern Virginia                        ..................... 118
                                            Attachment 2A-2:            Summary Physiographic Data for Northern Virginia                              ... 119
                                            Attachment 2B:              Northern Virginia Alternate Shore Uses                      ......................... 120
                                            Attachment 20               Northern Virginia Flood Hazard, Water Quality,
                                                                        and Beach Quality            .............................................................. 122
                                            Attachment 213:             Northern Virginia Shoreline Erosion Situation                         .............. 123


                        Appendix 3: Northern Virginia Shoreline Erosion Mailing List                                 ........................................... 126


                        Appendix 4: Summary of New and Potential Shoreline Erosion
                                            Information Sources in Northern Virginia                      ........................................................ 129



                                                                                         ii






                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                              Tidal Shoreline Erosion in Northern Virginia



                1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

                The Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation's Shoreline Erosion
                Advisory Service (SEAS) provides technical advice, site specific planning, and
                partial financial assistance for installation of erosion control measures to property
                owners of tidal shoreline properties in Virginia, who request this service. The
                program is intended to reduce the amount of sediment entering tidal waters from
                uncontrolled shoreline erosion from surface runoff, wave or tidal action.
                Intended to provide assistance to all tidal shoreline property owners in Virginia,
                SEAS does not have the personnel, nor the financial resources at this time to
                prepare a complete data base of applicable property owners for purposes of
                program outreach and technical support.

                To assist SEAS, and also provide valuable information to local jurisdictions, the
                Virginia Marine Resources Commission, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers;
                a grant was provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as
                administered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, through
                the Virginia Council on the Environment to the Northern Virginia Planning
                District Commission (NVPDC), to pursue this investigation and update the
                erosion findings contained in the original 1976 and 1979 Shoreline Situation
                Reports, produced by the Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences (VIMS) for
                Arlington, Fairfax and Prince William counties, and the City of Alexandria. This
                report update identifies more recent "priority" locations of actual and potential
                shoreline erosion concern, as well as locations of shoreline currently protected.
                The ultimate objective of this effort being: targeting and eliminating tidal
                shoreline erosion, thereby leading to improved water quality in the Potomac
                River and its tidal tributaries.

                Within this report, the Northern Virginia tidal shoreline is divided for purposes
                of analysis into twenty-one separate shoreline segments. Appendix 1 contains
                descriptions of each segment in terms of the erosion situation and artificial
                shoreline stabilization. Also described are approximate erosion rates for
                significant erosion areas that have been identified through this investigation.
                Maps showing the locations of "priority" erosion concern and locations of already
                protected shoreline areas have also been included. This update is intended to
                serve as a valuable resource document for state and local officials to assist them
                in planning for shoreline and erosion control throughout Northern Virginia.

                In order to ensure useful and valuable final products, the following project tasks
                were performed:

                   NVPDC met with the Shoreline Erosion Advisory Service (SEAS)
                   representative at the outset to coordinate the project, obtain important






                                                                                 NVPDC September, 1992


                     information and discuss the shoreline surveys. This initial meeting was
                     tremendously informative and helped ensure the project was conducted in
                     the proper manner from the beginning.

                     The Shoreline Situation Reports (SSR), produced by the Virginia Institute of
                     Marine Sciences for Prince William Coun!y (Roberts, et. al. 1976) and for the
                     Counties of Fairfax and Arlington, and the Ci!y of Alexandria (Owen, et. al.
                     1979), were reviewed. A summary of the information contained in the SSR,
                     including original sources of information, is detailed in Appendix 2.

                     The reader should note, however, that the techniques used to measure and
                     define shoreline lengths, length of artificial stabilization structures and overall
                     study area, although comparable, differ slightly between this investigation
                     and previous SSRs. Care must therefore be exercised when comparing results
                     between the two fame periods, that any conclusions that are drawn take into
                     consideration these minor differences.
                 ï¿½   A set of basemaps was prepared and used as working drafts in the* field, to
                     assist in identifying the shoreline subsegments used in the SSR, and also used
                     to mark areas identified as eroding or artificially stabilized in the SSR. These
                     maps have since been revised and incorporated into the final maps as part of
                     this report.

                 ï¿½   Agencies were identified that would be interested in tidal shoreline erosion in
                     Northern Virginia. A mailing list of those agencies is included in Appendix 3.

                 ï¿½   A meeting was subsequently held with the various agencies interested in tidal
                     shoreline erosion to further guide the project and receive necessary feedback.

                 ï¿½   Research was conducted to ascertain what information other agencies use to
                     delineate the inland extent of tidal influence in Northern Virginia. The
                     working basemaps were subsequently revised to include the inland extent of
                     tidal influence, and incorporated into the final maps found in this report.

                 ï¿½   A review of the literature, maps, and charts was similarily conducted and
                     new sources of information identified that was not used in the original SSRs,
                     including other ongoing research activities that involve the shorelines in the
                     study area. A summary report on new and potential sources of information
                     on shoreline erosion in Northern Virginia is included in Appendix 4.

                 ï¿½   An aerial survey was conducted of the study area and a set of oblique
                     photographic slides taken 500 feet above the water, along the entire Potomac
                     River from National Airport south to Quantico, Virginia - later used for
                     interpretation and analysis. The study area in controlled airspace north of
                     National was surveyed by boat. Structures were subsequently noted along
                     the entire Northern Virginia Potomac'River shoreline and each of the
                     embayments.



                                                            2






                                                                                 NVPDC September, 1992


                     Finally, a workshop was coordinated with the interested agencies to view the
                     slides and get their input and comments. The photographs and boat survey
                     results were subsequently used to identify and map shore protection
                     structures along the entire length of the Northern Virginia Potomac River
                     shoreline, and later compared with property tax maps and shoreline changes
                     maps (described below), to target specific property owners in high priority
                     areas for future SEAS outreach and technical support.

                  In summary, this report highlights areas of erosion, erosion rates and locations of
                  erosion control structures along the entire Northern Virginia tidal Potomac
                  shoreline. In addition, this report augments a DBase IV computer data file, also
                  created by NVPDC, that contains the names, mailing addresses, and tax parcel
                  numbers of tidal Potomac shoreline property owners, that have been distributed
                  to SEAS and Northern Virginia local governments. Combined with the set of
                  approximately 360 low altitude aerial photographs, these work products shall
                  serve as an excellent historical record for current planning efforts, and also future
                  research.









































                                                            3






                                                                            NVPDC September, 1992



                II. INTRODUCTION

                In the interest of protecting and preserving private property, recreational areas,
                cultural and historic resources, wetland habitat, and water quality; information
                on the shoreline erosion situation of Northern Virginia's tidal shorelines is
                needed. The main purpose of this report is to identify particular areas of
                Northern Virginia's tidal shoreline that need priority shoreline erosion planning
                and implementation action. In order to accomplish this objective, included in
                this report are a series of maps of the tidal shorelines of Northern Virginia,
                delineating shoreline changes as well as locations of shoreline stabilization
                structures. These maps and their associated textual descriptions can serve as an
                information base from which planners and scientists can identify problem areas
                requiring further investigation and target remedial action.



                Study Area

                Prince William, Fairfax, and Arlington Counties and the City of Alexandria all
                have tidal shorelines along the Potomac River and its associated embayments
                and tributaries. The southern boundary of this study is the jurisdictional
                boundary between Prince William and Stafford counties, occurring just south of
                Quantico at Chopawamsic Creek. The northern boundary of the study area is the
                head of tide of the Potomac River, near Little Falls, in the vicinity of Chain
                Bridge.

                The Potomac River is the largest tributary to the ancient Susquehanna River,
                whose lower valley basin was flooded during the retreat of the last great ice age,
                becoming what is now known as the Chesapeake Bay. The Potomac River's tidal
                portion extends about 98 nautical miles from Little Falls to the confluence with
                the Bay. As shown in Figure 1, this report covers the approximate upper 33
                nautical miles of the Potomac River, draining approximately 355,360 acres of land
                from the City of Alexandria, and Arlington, Fairfax, and Prince William Counties
                (LIPPSON, et al., 1979).

                In addition to the Potomac River shoreline of Northern Virginia, the shorelines of
                the tidal portions of the following areas have also been included in this study:
                Quantico Creek, Powells Creek, Neabsco Creek, Occoquan Bay, Farm Creek,
                Marumsco Creek, Belmont Bay, the Occoquan River, Massey Creek, Kanes Creek,
                Gunston Cove, Pohick Bay, Accotink Bay, Dogue Creek, Little Hunting Creek,
                Hunting Creek, Fourmile Run, Roaches Run, and the Boundary Lagoon.







                                                       4






                                                                                                                                                                                               NVPDC September 1992



                                                               CHAIN                                                                                                 Boundary L
                                                               BRIDGE
                                                                              DC
                                                 FAIR
                                                 COUFAV                                                                                                                          Raache5 Rui?
                                                     MTV


                                                                  WOODROW.               PRINI-F
                                      VIRGINIA                    WILSO,                 G                                                                                        Four Kle
                                                                                         EORGES
                                                                  ORIOGi                 cotjfs@

                                                           C-
                                         PRINCE           141-
                                         %%1LUAM            Nwk               I
                                         COVNrV

                                                                                         MARYLAND
                                                                                                                                                                          Mlitin                     -ee
                                                                            CHARLES
                                                                             COUKTV

                                                                                   P-
                                                                                   T.-
                                                                                   R-,
                                                          ow-ft
                                                         F@                  . *,  P@
                                      STAFFORD
                                      COUNTY                           RIM
                                                                       0
                                                                            30?
                                                                        UTE
                                                                         "'IDGE            I-


                                                                     C-

                                                      KING GEORGE
                                                         C_,                                0A,                                                                    Little lj&17tjn-# 01M

                                                                                                 C311k
                                                                                                                                                         A7qije OwAr


                                                                               Occoqual) Ri ver                                                                                       Bay
                                                                                                                                                               .ck      awy
                                                                                                                                      Cree*                       V,75 It, 017 r, 0 V, e

                                                                      lVarLIM75CO OwAr



                                                                  M67,05CV Cree*
                                                                                                                     Occoquan Bay


                                                                                                                                 Cree*                                         Potomac
                                                                                                                                                                                    River



                                                                                               9mantica Creek




                                                                                   Figure 1: Water Bodies Located Along The Study Area.


                                                                                                                                                5






                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                 Tidal Shorelines

                 Delineation of the tidal shorelines of Northern Virginia requires the identification
                 of the inland extent of tidal influence along tributaries of the Potomac River. A
                 natural barrier in the river can limit the tidal penetration; for example, the tidal
                 waters of the Potomac River are blocked from upstream passage at the Fall Line,
                 a natural line of demarcation, which occurs around Little Falls. A man-made
                 barricade can also limit tidal influence, for example, along the Occoquan River
                 tidal influence only extends to the Lower Occoquan Dam. Without natural or
                 man-made barricades, the inland extent of tidal influence is not a permanent
                 boundary; rather, it changes seasonally with land use changes, withwind
                 direction and storms.

                 The best method of identifying the limit of tidal penetration along the tributaries
                 is through observation. For this report, the observations made on tidal influence
                 at road crossings, in the publication: Use of Virginia's Tributaries of the Potomac
                 River by Anadromous Fishes (ODOM, et al., 1988), were used to. assist in
                 establishing the inland penetration of the tidal head in tributaries of the Potomac
                 River.








































                                                          6






                                                                                NVPDC September, 1992



                 III. SHORELINE EROSION

                 The shoreline is the boundary between the land and the water. Both the water
                 and the land are dynamic through time, resulting in receding shorelines (erosion)
                 or advancing shorelines (accretion). Over long periods of time sea level rise,
                 drought cycles, and land use influences water levels and therefore the position of
                 the shoreline. Changes in land use, such as deforestation and development, will
                 change the patterns of runoff, as well as the level of the water table and baseflow.
                 Seasonal changes in precipitation and runoff, and human controlled additions
                 and withdrawal of water from the Potomac River, and its tributaries also affect
                 water levels. Over shorter periods of time, the water level is affected by daily
                 tides and atmospheric conditions.

                 Shoreline erosion occurs when natural forces remove more material from the
                 boundary than is deposited, resulting in an advance of the water towards the
                 land, or recession of the boundary. Shoreline accretion occurs when more
                 material is deposited than is removed, so that the boundary between the water
                 and the land moves towards the water. If the amount of material removed is
                 equivalent to the amount of material accumulated, the shoreline is said to be in
                 dynamic equilibrium. Shoreline changes are time dependent. Although some
                 shorelines appear to continuously erode or accrete, the most significant shoreline
                 changes are usually episodic and are associated with storm events. For example,
                 a shoreline that has been accreting for a period of time can erode during a single
                 storm. Relative shoreline changes must therefore be associated with a specific
                 time frame.

                 It is important to identify locations of shoreline erosion because of the potential
                 loss of private property, recreational areas, cultural and historic resources,
                 waterfront access, wetlands and wildlife habitat. Additionally, eroded sediment
                 and nutrients can affect the water quality and ecological resources of adjacent
                 bodies of water. Tidal shoreline erosion in Northern Virginia contributes to the
                 non-point source pollution in the Potomac River and also the Chesapeake Bay.
                 Unlike point-source pollution, which is traceable to a well defined source, non-
                 point source pollution occurs over large areas. Identification of eroding areas
                 will assist in the evaluation of the sources of sediments and associated nutrients.
                 Areas of rapid accretion are also important to identify because they may be
                 indicative of extreme sediment runoff from inland, or from downdrift shorelme
                 erosion.

                 Wind-induced waves, littoral currents, tidal currents, sea-level rise, boat wake,
                 and also storm runoff are the main assailing forces that result in shoreline erosion
                 of the tidal Potomac River and its tributaries. The impact of these forces are
                 influenced by the physical characteristics of the shorezone such as topography,
                 type of shoreline, and resistance or cohesiveness of coastal materials.




                                                           7






                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                 Waves

                 Wave energy is a function of the wind velocity, duration, and the fetch length or
                 distance of open water across which the wind blows. Along the Potomac River,
                 winds from the north and northwest are dominant from October to April, and
                 south and southwest winds are dominant between May and September. (MILLER,
                 A. J., 1987). The north and northwest winds are generally stronger, but the
                 south and southeast winds are more likely to cause substantial rise in water
                 levels by driving water up the Potomac River. Less frequent but severe storms
                 with strong northeast winds generate waves that can do significant damage in
                 relatively short periods of time.



                 Currents

                 Waves and tidal activity produce currents. Waves approaching the shoreline
                 refract as they enter shallow water, to break approximately shore parallel; but the
                 refraction process is not complete, and a current is generated along the shore in
                 the direction of refraction. The strength of the longshore current and its
                 transportation capacity is a function of the wave energy and amount of
                 refraction, as well as the interactions of other currents. Although the direction of
                 longshore transport changes with changing wave conditions, the net effect over
                 time can produce "downdrift" accumulation of eroded sediments. For example,
                 the longshore current may transport sediment downdrift of an eroding cliff to
                 form a beach. If the cliff erosion is reduced or eliminated by artificial
                 stabilization of the shoreline, the downdrift beach may become sediment-starved
                 and subsequently erode.

                 The flood (upstream) and ebb (downstream) of the tide also produce tidal
                 currents in the Potomac River. Peak velocities generally occur only for short
                 periods of time during the rising or falling tide. Ebb currents generally have a
                 higher velocity than flood currents, and often follow different paths, thereby
                 having different affects on sediment transportation. The astronomical tidal
                 cycles also influence the strengths of the currents. The strongest tidal currents in
                 the study area occur around Hallowing Point where the ebb current has a peak
                 velocity of about 1.8 ft/sec (LIPPSON, et al., 1979).



                 Tides

                 The tidal range and coastal topography determine the width of the shore zone
                 over which waves and currents impact the coast. On a steep coast, the width of
                 the zone over which the hydraulic forces are spread is less wide than for a gently
                 sloping coast with the same tidal range. In two coastal areas with similar
                 topography, the shore zone is wider for the area with the larger tidal range. The


                                                         8






                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                 waves strike the coast at a higher elevation at high tide than at low tide and
                 therefore, the position of the tide during a storm event is significant.

                 Tidal fluctuations exhibit daily, monthly, and annual patterns due to the
                 astronomical relationships between the earth, the sun, and the moon. Each day
                 there are two high and two low tides along the Potomac River. These
                 semidiurnal tides have a period of 12 hours and 25 minutes so that the high tides
                 occur 50 minutes later on a subsequent day. The amplitude of the tide varies
                 such that there is a higher-high tide, and lower-high tide each day. Bimonthly,
                 when the sun and moon are in line with the earth, spring tides of greater
                 amplitude occur. Approximately two weeks later, when the sun and moon are at
                 right angles, neap tides of the least amplitude occur. When the earth is closest to
                 the sun in the winter, larger spring tides occur than during summer months.

                 The tidal range varies spatially with the primary determinant being the shape of
                 the coast. Tidal amplitudes can actually increase as a progressive tidal wave
                 attenuates upstream in a funnel shaped tributary. As the cross section of a
                 tributary gets smaller, the bore of tidal water has a greater effect. For example,
                 along the Potomac Estuary, the river decreases in width upstream from nearly 10
                 miles at its confluence with the Chesapeake Bay to just over 200 ft at Chain
                 Bridge. Therefore, the tidal range is significantly greater at Chain Bridge
                 (approximately 2.9 ft.) than at mouth of the Potomac River (approximately 1.2 ft.)
                 (LIPMN, et al., 1979).



                 Sea Level

                 The Potomac River Valley was flooded as sea level rose when glaciers started
                 melting between 15,000 and 20,000 years ago to attain its approximate shape as
                 we know it today (KOMAR et al., 1991). Sea level continues to rise at
                 approximately 0.01 ft/year in the vicinity of Washington D.C. (HICKS and
                 HICKMAN, 1988). The distance of inland inundation associated with sea level rise
                 depends on the coastal slope and relief. A relatively flat slope permits a small
                 rise in sea level to cause a large distance of shoreline recession. Rosen (1978)
                 estimated that all of the long term shoreline retreat that has been observed along
                 the shorelines of the Chesapeake Bay can be accounted for by local rates of sea
                 level rise. Although other processes contribute to shoreline erosion, sea level rise
                 is the single most consistent factor causing shoreline recession over long periods
                 of time.




                 Land Characteristics

                 The underlying geology and topographic conditions determine the type of
                 shoreline. Low bluffs, high bluffs, flat sloping plains, beaches, and wetlands are



                                                           9






                                                                                  NVPDC September, 1992


                 the common types of tidal shorelines in Northern Virginia. Unconsolidated
                 sedimentary deposits forming beaches and wetlands can accrete and erode by
                 sediment transportation along shore, or in an onshore/offshore direction.
                 Accretion on a bluff shoreline can only occur from an accumulation of material at
                 the base of the bluff as a talus deposit or a beach. The bluffs themselves can only
                 erode.

                 Variations in the composition and cohesiveness of the exposed materials at the
                 shoreline are the key factors in the resistance of the coast to erosion. For
                 example, a bluff section composed of sand will erode faster than an adjoining
                 bluff section composed of rock when exposed to similar conditions, resulting in a
                 faster rate of shoreline retreat along the less resistive section. Similarly, in a bluff
                 composed of layers of various sedimentary materials, the layers can erode at
                 different rates. For example, a bluff with a layer of gravel behind a layer of sand
                 and exposed at the coastline may erode fairly rapidly until the sandy layer is
                 completely gone; at which time the layer of gravel becomes exposed and the
                 erosion rate decreases. If a layer of sand is at the toe of a Cliff overlain by a layer
                 of gravel, the underlying layer will erode more rapidly, thereby undermining the
                 stability of the bank and resulting in periodic mass movement of debris from the
                 head to the toe of the cliff. The toe is then temporarily protected by the talus,
                 which eventually erodes away - once again exposing the base of the cliff to
                 erosive forces. Similar slope processes occur due to spatial variations in exposure
                 to erosive processes; for example, in a bluff of homogeneous composition the toe
                 is exposed to the direct impact of waves and currents which will result in the
                 undermining process described above.



                 Human Activities

                 Land use, dredging river channels and harbors, building artificial shoreline
                 stabilization structures, and boat wake can all influence coastal erosion. During
                 the early settling of the Northern Virginia area, forests were cleared and tobacco
                 was planted. Increased soil runoff to the coast, sedimentation in tributary areas,
                 and changes in storm runoff patterns caused shoreline changes and pollution of
                 the Potomac River with sediment and nutrients. The history of land use has
                 influenced the observed shoreline changes. A good example of human
                 influenced shoreline changes is occurring in Dike Marsh, located along the
                 George Washington Memorial Highway. For years, the area was a dumping
                 ground for dirt and gravel removed from other sites. A raised road was built so
                 that dump trucks could drive their loads out into the marsh. The dumped
                 sediments would at first choke the marsh vegetation, but then would settle and
                 provide new areas for marsh expansion. Eventually the dumping was outlawed
                 and the existing marsh began to erode due to the lack of new sediments.

                 Intentional human modifications of the shoreline, including channel dredging
                 and artificial shoreline stabilization, often affect shorelines that have not been


                                                            10






                                                                              NVPDC September, 1992


                 directly modified. Other indirect affects from human activities, such as aeating
                 boat wake, may impact areas sensitive to erosion, and the influence humans have
                 on climatological changes is not well understood, but will also modify the natural
                 driving forces of coastal erosion.






                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992



                IV. ARTTFICIAL SHORELINE STABILIZATION

                To combat the loss of shoreland property and to prevent damage to buildings,
                roads, and other landward resources, some individual property owners along
                Northern Virginia's tidal shoreline have used structural and nonstructural
                erosion control measures. Structural shoreline protection uses "hard" structures
                such as bulkheads, revetments, and breakwaters to armor the shoreline.
                Nonstructural alternatives use "soft" erosion control techniques such as slope
                gradation, tree setback, and vegetation planting. The two most common types of
                artificial shoreline stabilization structures used along Northern Virginia's tidal
                shoreline are wooden bulkheads and riprap revetments. There are several
                breakwaters and groins in the region also. Several properties have soft
                techniques employed in conjunction with hardened shorelines.

                Bulkheads, seawalls, and revetments are structures built approximately shore
                parallel to separate the land from the water. Bulkheads are designed primarily to
                retain soil and prevent sliding of the land immediately behind them. ihey can
                provide support at the toe of a high bluff, or retention for the full height of a low
                bluff. Bulkheads are primarily retaining walls, however, a secondary function is
                they protect the shoreline against direct attack by waves and currents. The term
                seawall is often used interchangeably with bulkhead; however, the primary
                function of a seawall is to protect the shoreline against severe wave action, while
                their secondary function is that of a retaining wall. Revetments armor erodable
                bluffs or embankments, and primarily serve to absorb the energy of incoming
                waves.


                Bulkheads and seawalls usually have a smooth surface and are constructed with
                treated timber, steel, or concrete. Revetments are usually composed of large
                quarry stones, rubble, or gabions. Gabions are rectangular baskets of steel wire
                mesh filled with large stones. The lack of a smooth surface of a revetment makes
                it more flexible to settlement and better able to absorb energy. The vertical
                surface of bulkheads and seawalls may reflect wave energy causing scour in front
                of the structure. Bulkheads., seawalls, and revetments protect only the land
                immediately behind them and may even exacerbate erosion of adjacent
                shorelines. Reflection of waves may increase erosion on either side of the
                structures. Downdrift shorelines may experience increased erosion if the
                bulkhead protects a former sediment source.

                Breakwaters are often shore parallel structures; however, they are built offshore
                and are designed to protect the shore from wave attack, by creating a protected
                water area behind them. Breakwaters are often used at marinas and boat ramps
                to create an area of calm water, while simultaneously protecting the shore. There
                is often an accumulation of sediment shoreward of a breakwater. However, the
                reflection of waves and alteration of littoral transport may have detrimental
                effects beyond the immediate shoreline area.



                                                         12






                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                 Groins are built perpendicular to the shoreline, and are designed to trap littoral
                 drift in order to build a beach or to retard shoreline erosion    Often, a series of
                 groins, called a groin field, are built to affect larger areas. Groins only trap
                 sediment on their updrift sides, and usually cause erosion of downdrift
                 shorelines. A series of properly spaced groins are usually more effective than a
                 single groin.

                 Soft control methods include slope stabilization techniques. Surface runoff can
                 be a significant cause of erosion along the bluffed shorelines. Drainage control of
                 surface runoff is almost always beneficial with high bluffs, and is sometimes
                 effective with low bluffs. Slope regradation is usually effective with low bluffs,
                 but is rarely feasible with high bluffs. Planting ground cover can help stabilize
                 slopes, especially after regradation. Although vegetation may stabilize slopes on
                 the shoreline, large trees very close to the land's edge may actually increase
                 erosion. Trees often provide too much shade for slope-stabilizing vegetative
                 ground cover to prosper. Additionally, when large trees at the head of bluffs
                 fall, from undermining by erosion or other natural causes, they often remove a
                 large volume of sediment with them. Creating a tree set-back line can help to
                 stabilize bluffs. For a more detailed description of the various alternatives for
                 shoreline protection, the reader may wish to refer to the Chesal2eake Bay
                 Shoreline Erosion Study (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 1990).



























                                                          13






                                                                             NVPDC September, 1992



                IV. METHODOLOGY

                The tidal shorelines from Quantico to Little Falls were divided into twenty-one
                shoreline segments, based on jurisdictional boundaries and physiographic
                features. In addition, the shoreline segments were chosen to fit in a T' x 10"
                rectangle, at a scale of 1:24,000. It was determined that an 8.5" x 11" format was
                the best size to work with, and so the maps were designed to fit in 7" x 10"
                rectangles to allow for borders and binding.

                For each of the twenty-one segments; a reference map, a shoreline changes map,
                and an artificial shoreline stabilization map accompany the textual description.



                Reference Maps

                Twenty-one reference maps were made from the most recent set of United States
                Geological Survey 7.5 minute topographic quadrangles (USGS, topo quads), that
                cover Northern Virginia. The seven maps used were: Alexandria (1983), Fort
                Belvoir (1983), Indian Head (1982), Mount Vernon (1983), Occoquan (1984),
                Quantico (1983), and Washington West (1983) (see Figure 2). Although these
                maps are all dated from the early 1980s, they are the most recent USGS topo
                quads available.

                The twenty-one maps and shoreline segments are as follows, and as illustrated in
                Figures 3 and 4; they have also been included in Appendix 1 to accompany each
                of the twenty-one shoreline segments:

                Map 1     County Line to Shipping Point
                Map 2     Shipping Point to Possum'Point
                Map 3     Possum Point to Cockpit Point
                Map 4     Cockpit Point to Freestone Point
                Map 5     Freestone Point to Mouth of Neabsco Creek
                Map 6     Mouth of Neabsco, Creek to Deephole Point
                Map 7     Deephole Point to Occoquan River Dam
                Map 8     Occoquan River Dam to Route 1 Bridge
                Map 9     Route 1 Bridge to Kanes Creek
                Map 10    Kanes Creek to Sandy Point
                Map 11    Sandy Point to Sycamore Point
                Map 12    Sycamore Point to Hallowing Point
                Map 13    Hallowing Point to Pohick Bay
                Map 14    Pohick Bay to Whitestone Point
                Map 15    Whitestone Point to Ferry Point
                Map 16    Ferry Point to little Hunting Creek
                Map 17    Little Hunting Creek to Hog Island
                Map 18    Hog Island to Hunting Creek


                                                         14






                                                                      NVPDC September, 1992


               Map 19 Hunting Creek to Four Mile Run
               Map 20 Fourn-dle Run to Theodore Roosevelt Bridge
               Map 21 Theodore Roosevelt Bridge to Little Falls










































                                                    15

















         Figure 2: Northem Virginia's Tidal Shoreline and
   Associated USGS 1:24,000 7.5 minute Topographic Quadrangles









                                           FOPt ge.IYOIP
                        OCCIOWC717                             #04yl7t yervan



                                           1/701idn A880,











                                                    16














                                                                  A(W Pi
                                                                              AW M




             Figure 3: Northern Virginia's Tidal Shoreline Segment Maps,   AW
                                    1:200,000



                                                                          A
                                                                          AQp
                                                                          &P






                                                                               17


                                                                 A (Up f5
                                                   Afr3p




                                      Map
                                        ,vap




                                 A f3p 5






                                           4p
                           wIp-
                                                                          Qp V-I.

                                                                               17
                                                                        AOp VfS
                                        t07 KA@

                                   -"-TAf3




                        AW f


                                                 17






                                                        Little F811s



                                                            Roosevelt
    Figure 4.- Northern Virginia's Tidal Shoreline Segments,  grjo,
                                                                 qe
                      1:200,000





                                    F0111wile RIM




                             111inting Cme*




                               Little AWting CPeek               Island


                 Iffafles rpee*

         R011te J grij,
                      qe                                    Feppy Pojflt

      Occoquan Rivep BaIll                        h1A7 testone Paint
                                                 P017jck gay
                                                         11811olvin
                                                                 _q Point
                                                  sycalmore Pojnt
                                            Point
                                            Point - Nedbsco Cpeek
                           .4    -Fpeestooe Pojflt


                                   Cockpit Point

                               Possuff/ Pojnt
                              Slljppjflq Point

                           prince *I
                                    j,71-jap Cauflty Line

                                        18






                                                                                 NVPDC September, 1992



                  Shoreline Changes Maps

                  The USGS topo quads have five different types of lines that represent the
                  shoreline: (1) A solid blue line represents the high water fine; (2) a light blue line
                  represents the assumed high water line; (3) a dotted blue line represents the low
                  water line, (4) a black line represents an artificial structure along the shoreline;
                  and (5) a purple line represents a photo revision of an earlier shoreline.

                  For each of the twenty-one shoreline segments (Appendix 1), a shoreline changes
                  map was also made by digitizing the high water line from two sets of mylar
                  (stable material) USGS topo quads. The seven topo quad editions mentioned
                  above were used as the most recent set of maps available from the USGS. The
                  second set of maps used were the following editions: Alexandria (1971), Fort
                  Belvoir (1965), Indian Head (1966), Mount Vernon (1966), Occoquan (1966),
                  Quantico (1966), and Washington West (1971). The two digitized shorelines were
                  plotted for each segment; and the areas where the shoreline eroded were shaded
                  red, and areas where the shoreline accreted were shaded blue.

                  The user should be aware of the potential errors associated with the shoreline
                  changes maps. Mylar USGS topo quads were used for digitizing, to minimize
                  distortions associated with paper prints, and a visual comparison of the digitized
                  shoreline plots with the mylar USGS topo quads was used, to minimize operator
                  errors associated with the digitizing process. According to the USGS, the 1:24,000
                  topo, maps meet National Map Accuracy Standards of +/- 40 feet, however, the
                  positions of the shorelines on the maps were subject to interpretation. The maps
                  were made from field survey data and aerial photo analyses. One important
                  consideration must be emphasized: the high water line along marshes is highly
                  variable depending on the time of year, the tide, recent storm activity, and
                  vegetation changes. The shoreline change maps, therefore, show very high rates
                  of change for many marsh areas that may be associated with the spatial and
                  temporal dynamics of marshes, rather than with high rates of sediment
                  movement.

                  Also, in areas with high bluffs, the shoreline change maps provide only a two-
                  dimensional picture of erosion; the volume of sediment displaced from a cliff is
                  not adequately represented by the horizontal shoreline change. In addition,
                  erosion at the head of a cliff can be masked in a two dimensional analysis by the
                  accumulation of debris at the toe of the cliff. Therefore, small changes along
                  bluffs may be more significant than large changes in marsh areas.

                  The shoreline changes maps should be used in conjunction with the topographic
                  reference maps. Asterisks have been placed on the maps adjacent to the areas of
                  significant shoreline change. The text accompanying each map also includes
                  estimates of the recession rates in the areas of significant erosion. The categories
                  used are moderate (< 3 ft/yr), severe (> 3 ft/yr), and extreme (> 15 ft/yr).
                  Because the shoreline changes were interpreted at a scale of 1" = 2000' and from


                                                            19






                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                sets of maps ranging from 13 to 19 years apart, the shoreline change maps should
                not be used to indicate areas of slight or no change (< 1 ft/yr), slight changes may
                not be captured by these maps.

                Due to the scale of the maps, the potential errors associated with them, and the
                high spatial and temporal variability of erosion rates, this information should not
                be used for site-specific planning purposes. On the other hand, these maps are
                very useful for targeting shoreline erosion priority areas for additional
                investigation, as well as for identifying areas requiring remedial action.



                Artiftcial Shoreline Stabilization Maps

                Artificial shoreline stabilization maps were produced for each of the shoreline
                segments (Appendix 1) . The locations and lengths of the stabilized areas are
                rough estimates made from examinations of aerial slides, videos and boat survey.
                Stabilized shoreline lengths and percentages may differ slightly from previous
                Shoreline Situation ReRorts, primarily as a result of variations in interpreting
                marshland along shorelines. Also, the scale of these maps is not conducive to
                pinpointing precise locations of artificial stabilization; however, they do provide
                an overview of the approximate locations and lengths of shorelines that have
                been stabilized.

                The type of structure is indicated on the maps as follows: B = bulkhead, R
                riprap, G = groin, BW = breakwater, and C = channel gabion. A rough estimate
                of the percent of each of the types of structures is included in the text
                accompanying each map.

                For more detailed information on more precise locations of artificial shoreline
                stabilization in Northern Virginia, the user may also wish to refer to the
                individual parcel and property owner data base, and the aerial slides and videos
                that were produced in conjunction with this report. This additional information
                is principally available through the Northern Virginia Planning District
                Commission in Annandale, Virginia among various other sources.



                Map Text

                The textual descriptions that accompany the maps for each of the shoreline
                segments found in Appendix 1 contain the following information:

                ï¿½ Map Number

                ï¿½ Shoreline segment: the names of the starting and ending locations of the
                   shoreline covered in this segment.



                                                         20






                                                                           NVPDC September, 1992


                ï¿½  USGS Quadrangle(s): the name of the United States Geological Survey 7.5
                   minute topographic quadrangle map that covers the area. The USGS
                   quadrangles are based on an even 7.5 minute grid system independent of
                   physiographic features. In several cases, quadrangle boundaries cross the
                   shoreline segment, and therefore more than one quadrangle is listed.

                ï¿½  County or City: the name of the jurisdiction that the shoreline segment is
                   part.

                ï¿½  Property Maps: the page numbers of the real estate tax assessment maps that
                   cover the shoreline segment. Each jurisdiction has a separate mapping
                   program, and therefore the numbering systems differ.

                ï¿½  Water Body or Bodies: the name of the body or bodies of water that the
                   shoreline is adjacent to.

                ï¿½  Shoreline Description: an approximate shoreline length, and a brief
                   description of the distinguishing features of the segment. The shoreline
                   length measurements were made from the shorelines digitized from the
                   recent set of USGS topo quads.

                ï¿½  Erosion Situation: the areas of cartographically identified shoreline erosion
                   are described.

                ï¿½  Artificial Stabilization: the approximate length and percent (%) of shoreline
                   that has been artificially stabilized, and a brief description of the type of
                   stabilization.





























                                                       21






                                                                                NVPDC September, 1992


                 V. SUMMARY

                 There are a total of 156.6 miles of tidal shoreline included in this study for Prince
                 William, Fairfax, and Arlington Counties and the City of Alexandria (see Table
                 1); 45.3 miles of the tidal shoreline lies directly on the Potomac River, and the
                 remainder along tributaries, including the Occoquan River and several large
                 creeks and bays. Overall, 20 % of the shoreline has been artificially stabilized
                 with 32.0 miles of hard structures: Prince William County is 47.6 miles in length
                 and has 8.7 miles of artificial shoreline stabilization structures. Fairfax has the
                 most tidal shoreline in Northern Virginia (86.9 miles), and the most artificial
                 stabilization (13.3 miles), but the smallest percent of shoreline stabilized (15%).
                 The City of Alexandria has the shortest shoreline length (8.8 miles), with the
                 largest percent stabilized (58%, or 5.1 miles). Arlington County has 13.3 miles of
                 tidal shoreline, with 4.9 miles of hardened shoreline (37%).

                 The shoreline rate of change maps present the differences in shorelines on USGS
                 topo quads, between the mid 1960s and the 1980s. These maps should be used in
                 conjunction with the topographic reference maps to assist in interpretation.
                 Large areas of shoreline change at the head of creeks are probably due to
                 vegetation changes and meandering channels, rather than large sediment fluxes.
                 In addition, there are several areas where the shoreline has changed due to
                 human intervention, such as the channelization of Four Mile Run. The areas that
                 should be periodically monitored are the steadily eroding bluffs. While the two
                 dimensional changes may appear smaller for these areas than for low-lying
                 coasts, the total volume of sediment input into the adjacent water body from the
                 eroding cliffs is often significant.

                 The shoreline changes maps from Appendix I show that there are two areas
                 along the Potomac River that have undergone extreme rates of erosion (> 15
                 ft/yr); these are the airfield at Quantico, and Dyke Marsh to the south of Little
                 Hunting Creek. There are other areas that have apparently undergone significant
                 shoreline changes at the heads of the large tidal creeks and in other marsh areas;
                 however, these shifting shorelines are probably not due to large sediment fluxes.
                 According to the shoreline change maps many areas throughout the Northern
                 Virginia study area have had severe (> 3 ft/yr) and moderate (< 3 ft/yr) erosion.
                 The artificial shoreline stabilization maps from Appendix I show approximate
                 locations of hardened shoreline. As indicated in the maps and throughout the
                 text, 59% of the stabilized shoreline is armored with riprap, and 36% with
                 bulkhead. The remaining 5% of the shoreline has breakwaters, groins, and
                 channel gabion. In the 1976 and 1979 Shoreline Situation ftgrts (ROGERS, et al.,
                 1976, and OWEN et al., 1979),13% of the 144.5 miles of tidal shoreline studied in
                 Northern Virginia were armored; or 19.5 miles. Although the techniques used to
                 measure the shoreline length and length of artificial shoreline stabilization
                 structures were different for this study, and the study area differed slightly, it is




                                                           22






                                                                                                                  NVPDC September, 1992



                     County or City                  Shoreline Length                  Artificial Stabilization                             %
                                                              (Miles)                              (miles)

                 Fairfax                                        86.9                                 13.3                               15%
                 Prince William                                 47.6                                   8.7                              18%
                 Arlington                                      13.3                                   4.9                              37%
                 City of Alexandria                               8.8                                  5.1                              58%

                                        Total                 156.6                                  32.0                               20%


                 Potomac River                                  45.3


                          TABLE 1: Summary of Tidal Shoreline and Artificial Stabilizationfor Fairfax,
                          Prince William and Arlington Counties, and the City of Alexandria (as detailed
                          below).




                 Map                     Segment                       County             Water Body               Shoreline        Artificial        %
                                                                          or                                         Length        Stabilization
                                                                          city                                       (miles)          (miles)
                 1        County Line to Shipping Point                   PW       Potomac River                             3.71       1.7           47%
                 2        Shipping Point to Possum Point                  PW       Potomac River                       0.9
                                                                                   Quantico Creek                      9.3
                                                                                                           total          10.2          0.4            4%

                 3        Possum Point to Cockpit Point                   PW       Potomac River                             2.5        IA            55%
                 4        Cockpit Point to Freestone Point                PW       Potomac River                       2.9
                                                                                   Powells Creek                       3.7
                                                                                                           total             6.6      -0.6            10%
                 5        Freestone Point to Neabsco Creek                               mac River                     1.0
                                                                                   Neabsco Creek                       6.0
                                                                          PW       Poto                    total             7.0        0.3           5
                 6        Neabsco Creek to Deephole Point                 PW       Occoquan Bay                        4.1
                                                                                   Farm Creek                          32
                                                                                   Marumsco Creek                      3A
                                                                                   unnamed tributaries                 0.9
                                                                                                           total          11.6          1.8           15%
                 7        Deephole Point to Occoquan River                PW       Belmont Bay                         1.6
                          Dam                                                      Occoquan River                      4A
                                                                                                           total             6.0,       2A          140%,
                                   r City
                                  ,@a
                                    m



                                    an@ia










































                          TABLE 1(a): Tidal Shoreline and Artificial Stabilization for Prince William
                          County.



                                                                                     23






                                                                                                                         NVPDC September, 1992



               map                        Segment                         County              Water Body                  Shoreline         Artificial          %
                                                                              or                                           Length        Stabilization
                                                                              City                                         (miles)           (miles)
               8        Occoquan River Dam to Route 1                                                River                         2.11          0.2            8%1
                        Bridge                                                FX       Occoquan
               9        Route 1 Bridge to Kanes Creek                         FX       Occoquan River                         12
                                                                                       Massey Creek                           2.6
                                                                                       Belmont Bay                            2.1
                                                                                       unnamed tributary                      0.9
                                                                                                                  total            6.8           1.7            25%
               10       Kanes Creek to Sandy Point                            FX       Kanes Creek                            5.0
                                                                                       Belmont Bay                            1.7
                                                                                                                  total            -6.6          0.0            0%

               11       Sandy Point tc) Sycamore Point                        FX       Occoquan Bay                           1.7
                                                                                       Potomac River                          2.0
                                                                                                                  total            3.7           0.6            16%

               12       Sycamore Point to Hallowing Point                     FX       Potomac River                          2.8
                                                                                       unnamed tributaries                    5.2
                                                                                                                  total            8.0           1.2            15%

               13       Hallowing Point to Pohick Bay                         FX       Potomac River                          2.1
                                                                                       Gunston Cove                           2.1
                                                                                       unnamed tributaries                    0.5
                                                                                                                  total            4.7           0.5            12%

               14       Pohick. Bay to Whitestone Point                       FX       Pohick Bay                             4A
                                                                                       Pohick Creek                           1.8
                                                                                       Accotink Bay                           2.1
                                                                                       Accotink Creek                         6A
                                                                                       Gunston Cove                           1.8
                                                                                                                  total            16.6          0.6            4%

               15       Whitestone Point to Ferry Point                       FX       Potomac Bay                            1.9
                                                                                       Dogue, Creek                           4.9
                                                                                       Whitestone Point Basin                 0.6
                                                                                       Mount Vernon Yacht                     0.7
                                                                                       Basin
                                                                                                                  total            8.1           3.3            41%

               16       Ferry Point to Little Hunting Creek                   FX       Potomac River                          1.8
                                                                                       Little Hunting Creek                   92
                                                                                                                  total            11            1.7            15%
                                                                                                                                                 ---------------
               17       Little Hunting Creek to Hog Island                    FX       Potomac River                               4.4           2.0            46%
               18       Hog Island to,Hunting Creek                           FX       Potomac River                          4A
                                                                                       Hunting Creek                          0.9
                                                                                       unnamed tributaries                    9.6
                                                                                                                  total 1          14.91         1.4            9%

                        TABLE lNe Tidal Shoreline and Artificial Stabilization for Fairfax County.


                                                                                       24






                                                                                                   NVPDC September, 1992



            Map                   Segment                    County           Water Body           Shoreline       Artificial      %
                                                                 or                                  Length       Stabilization
                                                               Citv   I                              (miles)        (miles)

            19      Hunting Creek to Four Mile Run              AL      Hooff Run                      0.7
                                                                        Hunting Creek                  1.2
                                                                        Potomac River                  6.6
                                                                        Four Mile Run        total     0.3 8.8        5.1         58%

            20      Four Mile Run to Theodore                   AR      Four Mile Run                  0.5
                    Roosevelt Bridge                                    Potomac River                  3.9
                                                                        Roaches Run                    2.2
                                                                        Boundary Lagoon                1.6
                                                                        Little River         total     0.1 83         3.9         47%
            21      Theodore Roosevelt Bridge to Little         AR      Little River                   0.6
                    River                                               Potomac River                  4.4
                                                                                             total 1        5.01       1.0      121%1


                     TABLE 1(c): Tidal Shoreline and Artificial Stabilization for
                     Arlington County and the City of Alexandria.




                     nonetheless apparent that more of Northern Virginia's tidal shoreline is armored
                     in 1992: 20% of 156.6 miles, or 32.1 miles (approximately 12.6 more n-dles than in
                     the late 1970s).

                     Due to the scale of the maps, the potential errors associated with them, and the
                     high spatial and temporal variability of erosion rates this information should not
                     be used for site-specific planning purposes. However, these maps are useful for
                     targeting shoreline erosion priority areas for additional investigation. Future
                     work should include a three-dimensional analysis of sediment transport from
                     bluffs, as well as a photogrammetric two-dimensional analysis of rates of
                     shoreline change. A more detailed study of the effectiveness of artificial
                     stabilization structures should also be done. Finally, critical areas should be
                     identified that consider the effect of land use, the proximity of buildings and
                     roads to the shoreline, the physiographic and topographic features of the coast,
                     and the relative rate of shoreline change.








                                                                         25






                                                                             NVPDC September, 1992


                                                 REFERENCES


                1. HICKS, S. D, AND L. E. HICKMAN, JR, 1988. United States Sea Level
                    Variations Through 1986. Shore and Beach, July, 1988, pp. 3 - 7.

                2.  KOMAR, P, ET AL., 1991. The response of beaches to sea level changes: a
                    review of predictive models. Journal of Coastal Research, 1(1), 1-9.

                3.  LiPPSON, A. J., ET AL., 1979. Environmental Atlas of the Potomac Estuary.
                    Environmental Center, Martin Marietta Corporation.

                4.  MILLER , A. J., 1987. Shore Erosion as a Sediment Source to the Tidal
                    Potomac River, Maryland and Virginia United States Geological Survey
                    Water-Supply Paper 2234-E. United States Government Printing Office:
                    Washington, D.C.

                5.  ODOM, M. C., R. J. NEvES, AND J. J. NEY, 1988. Use of Virginia's Tributaries
                    of the Potomac River by Anadromous Fishes. Final Report for Phase Four of
                    an Analysis of the Impediments to Spawning Migrations of Anadromous Fish
                    in Virginia Rivers. Sponsored by the Virginia Department of Transportation.

                6.  OWEN, D. W., L. MORGAN, AND NANCY M. STURM, 1979. Shoreline
                    Situation Rp
                                port: Counties of Fairfax and Arlington, Cijy of Alexandria.
                    SRAMSOE #166 of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science.

                7.  ROGERS, L. M., D. W. OWEN, AND M. H. PEOPLES, 1976. Shoreline Situation
                    Report: Prince William County, Virginia. SRAMSOE #119 of the Virginia
                    Institute of Marine Science.

                8.  ROSEN, P.S., 1978. A Regional Test of the Bruun Rule on Shoreline Erosion.
                    Marine Geology. 26:M7-M16.

                9.  U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, 1990. ChesaRgake Bay Shoreline Erosion
                    StLdy- Feasibility Report, October 1990. Department of the Army, Baltimore
                    and Norfolk Districts, Corps of Engineers.













                                                        26








                                                                              NVPDC September, 1992


                                                      MAP 1

                 Shoreline Segment: Prince William County Line to Shipping Point

                 USGS Quadrangle: Quantico,

                 Count3r.              Prince William

                 Property Maps:        1S, 1N, 2S

                 Water Body:           Potomac River


                 Shoreline Description:
                 There are approximately 3.7 miles of shoreline on the Potomac River from the
                 Prince William County line to Shipping Point, including the shoreline of
                 Chopawamsic Island which is roughly 0.8 mile in circumference.

                 The southern boundary of this shoreline segment is the county line between
                 Prince William and Stafford counties. The mouth of Chopawarnsic Creek was at
                 the county line prior to the 1930s construction of the U.S. Marine Corps
                 (Quantico) airfield using artificial fill. The county line now runs across the
                 airfield and the mouth of Chopawamsic Creek has been diverted to the south.

                 The entire shoreline in this segment is along the U.S. Marine Corps Development
                 and Education Command Center (Quantico). The town of Quantico is located
                 behind the large boat dock. There are two large piers and numerous boat slips at
                 the boat dock, and there are two smaller docks on Chopawarnsic Island.

                 Erosion Situation:
                 The shoreline changes map shows that extreme (> 15 ft/yr) erosion has occurred
                 in this segment along the Quantico airfield shoreline. The map also shows that
                 moderate (< 3 ft/yr) erosion occurred on Chopawamsic Island and south of
                 Shipping Point. According to the Rogers et al., 1976, the house at the northern
                 end of Chopawarnsic Island is endangered by bluff erosion.

                 Artificial Stabilization:
                 Overall, 47% of the shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized with
                 1.7 miles of riprap (65%) and bulkhead (35%). There is some riprap along the
                 airfield and along the waterfront adjacent to the Quantico, Boat Dock, where there
                 is bulkheading. There is also some bulkheading on Chopawarnsic Island, which
                 Rogers et al., 1976, indicated is totally ineffective.






                                                          27













                                                                                        7U---




















































                                                                                                         ............

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      0



                                                                                                  a@       dy                                                                                                                                                                                                             28









                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ine


1:24,000

MAP 1-B
Prince William County Line
to Shipping Point


1966 Shoreline
1983 Shoreline
SHORELINE EROSION
SHORELINE ACCRETION

(Shoreline change map from
digitized USGS quadrangles)


SIGNIFICATN EROSION *

	Moderate:	(<3ft./yr.)		M
	Severe: 	(>3ft./yr.)		S
	Extreme:	(>15ft./yr/)	X	

MAP 1-C
Prince William County Line
to Shipping Point
			   1:24,000

Artificial Shoreline
Stabilization

(Estimated from NVPDC
aerial survey 1992)

	R:  Riprap
	B:  Bulkhead
	G:  Groins
	K:  Breakwater
	C:  Channel Gabion

	






                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                                                       NUP 2

                  Shoreline Segment: Shipping Point to Possum Point

                  USGS Quadrangle:      Quantico

                  County:               Prince William

                  Property Maps:        2S, 2N, 5S, 6S, 11S, 6N, 5N

                  Water Body:           Potomac River
                                        Quantico Creek

                  Shoreline Descriptiow.
                  There are 10.2 miles of shoreline from Shipping Point to Possum Point. The
                  Richmond, Fredricksburg, and Potomac Railroad bridge crosses at the mouth of
                  the creek. The 0.9 mile of the shoreline is on the Potomac side of the railroad
                  bridge, and the remaining 9.3 miles of shoreline are on Quantico Creek

                  The 2.5 miles of shoreline to the northwest of Shipping Point is along the U.S.
                  Marine Corps Development and Education Command Center (Quantico). The
                  Town of Dumfries is located near the limit of tidal influence along Quantico
                  Creek. Graham Park Shores residential area is located on the south side of the
                  creek and a small residential area is located along Possum Point Road on the
                  north side of the creek. There are several private piers in the residential areas.
                  There are two sewage disposal areas behind marshes along Quantico Creek, one
                  in Graham Park Shores, and one near the Town of Dumfries. The VEPCO Power
                  Plant occupies the area around Possum Point. Two outlet pipes empty into
                  Quantico Creek from the power substation.

                  Erosion Situation:
                  The shoreline changes map shows erosion and accretion along the marshes in
                  Quantico Creek, however, the shifting marsh shorelines are probably due to
                  vegetation changes and meandering channels rather than large sediment fluxes.
                  Some moderate (<3 ft/yr) to severe W ft/yr) bluff erosion has occurred on the
                  north side of Quantico Creek and to the south of Possum Point.

                  Artificial Stabilization:
                  Only 4% of the total shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized with
                  .4 miles of bulkhead at Shipping Point and the residential area on the north side
                  of Quantico Creek. There are some gaps between protected properties in the
                  residential areas.








                                                           31








                                                        ?71A
                                         0


                                   ose4






                                                       U





                                          va       rA



                                                         pe,




                                  LAW



















                   ul                                                                                    IPO




                 Map 2-A    Shipping Point to Possum Point     1:24,000
                 PW         (Quantico) -Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-






















                                                      SIGNIFICANT EROSION

                                                           Moderate: ((3ft./yr.)       M
                                                           Severe:     Wft./yr.)       S
                                                           Extreme:    0 1 5ft./yr/)   X


                                                             (
                                                              Shoreline change map from
                                                              digitized USGS quadrangles I




                                                     M-S





                                                                     M


                                                                     Q
                                                                     U

                                                                     a

                                                                     n
                                                                     t
                                                                     i
                 NP 2-B                                              C   C
                 5b 1P ,    q Point                                  0
                      Z@J/@                                              r
                 to P ssu/// PO-iflt 11:24,000                           e
                                                                         e
                                                                         k
                 J966 S170P61jil7e
                 1-983 .517oreline                                             M
                 S/ /0/ ?f Z IM - f ROSION
                 SHO, qf Z IM - , 4 CC) W TION





































                                                           B
                                                              B


                                                                   B





                        2-C                                                          Q
                Sb        -717g PO-717t                                              U
                                                                                     a
                to                 POj17t 11:24,000                                  n
                                                                                     t
                                                                                     i

                                                                                     c
                AP t. i fiCid. I A Me- 1j) 7e                                        0    C
                Stg                                                                       r
                    ,#jj7jZgt.igfl               - - - - - - -                            e
                (
                 Estimated from NVPDc                                                     e
                 aerial survey 1992                                                       k


                      R:  Riprap
                      B : Bulkhead
                    IZ710
                     Ao@@ai









                      G: Groins
                      K: Breakwater                                                               B
                      C:  Channel Gabion






                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                                                      MAP 3

                 Shoreline Segmenb Possum Point to Cockpit Point

                 USGS Quadrangle: Quantico

                 County:                Prince William

                 Property Maps:         2N, 5S, 4S, 4N

                 Water Body:            Potomac River

                 Shoreline Description:
                 There are 2.5 miles of shoreline along the Potomac River from Possum Point to
                 Cockpit Point. The VEPCO Power Plant occupies the area around Possum Point.
                 There is a large pier at the plant. The remainder of the segment is along the
                 Cockpit Point Industrial Park, but is largely undeveloped. The Richmond,
                 Fredricksburg, and Potomac Railroad is close to the shore along this segment and
                 limits shorelands access.


                 Erosion Situation:
                 The shoreline changes map shows that some moderate (< 3 ft/yr) erosion has
                 occurred along several bluffs between Possum Point and Possum Nose.

                 Artificial Stabilization:
                 Overall, 55% of the shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized with
                 1.4 miles of bulkhead (15%) and riprap (85%). There is some bulkhead around
                 the pier at the substation site north of Possum Point and riprap, extending in both
                 directions. There is more riprap to the north near Possum Nose, much of which
                 is old and washed out.
























                                                          35











                                                                     Map 3-A Possum Point to Cockpit Point                                1:24,000
                                                                     PW              (Quantico) -Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-

                                                                            %=7-














                                                      _QW


             A-4



                                                                                                                                                    Liu










                                       LL91







                                               TW i                                                                                          Point


                 _3j                                                  U Urs,                                                       PoihL,-










                      NP 3-B
                      P0551JI11 POil7t tO
                                                     N
                      cockPit PO,717t                 1:24,000


                      jg66 Sbopejjl7e                    --
                      _f g83 5bopejjne
                      571017f Z INE 690,510N
                      SNORFLINE ACCRETrON
                      (
                        Shoreline change map from
                        digitized usGs quadrangles                                             Potomac

                        SIGNIFICANT EROSION

                               Moderate:   Wft./yr.)          M
                               Severe:     b3ft./yr.)         S
                               Extreme:    0 1 5ft./yr/)      X
                                                                                  *M


MAP 3-C
Possum Point to
Cockpit Point 	1:24,000


Artificial Shoreline
Stabilization

(Estimated from NYPDC
aerial survey 1992)


	R:  Riprap
	B:  Bulkhead
	G:  Groins
	K:  Breakwater
	C:  Channel Gabion






                                                                                     NVPDC September, 1992


                                                           MAP 4

                   Shoreline Segment: Cockpit Point to Freestone Point

                   USGS Quadrangles: Quantico
                                           Indian Head


                   County:                 Prince William

                   Property Maps:          4N, 9S, 9N, 14S, 15S, 13S

                   Water Bodies:           Potomac River
                                           Powells Creek

                   Shoreline Description:
                   There are 6.6 miles of shoreline from Cockpit Point to Freestone Point. The
                   Richmond, Fredricksburg, and Potomac Railroad bridge crosses approximately at
                   the mouth of Powells Creek. There are 2.9 miles of shoreline along the Potomac
                   River, and 3.7 miles of shoreline along Powells Creek.

                   The land around Cockpit Point is part of the Cockpit Point Industrial Park. There
                   is a small residential area at Cherry Hill, but most of the land between Cockpit
                   Point and the mouth of Powells Creek is undeveloped. The Richmond,
                   Fredricksburg, and Potomac Railroad is very close to the shoreline near Cherry
                   Hill. Most of the land around Powells Creek is wooded and undeveloped except
                   for a residential complex near the limit of tidal influence, Georgetown Village.
                   The shoreline along the Potomac to the north of Powells Creek is now part of the
                   newly developed Leesylvania State Park. There is a new boat ramp at the park.

                   Erosion Situation:
                   The shoreline changes map shows that moderate (< 3 ft/yr) erosion has occurred
                   to the north of Cockpit Point, along bluffs on the south side of the mouth of
                   Powells Creek, to the north of Powells Creek, and to the south of Freestone Point.
                   The map also shows that many shoreline changes have occurred along the marsh
                   shorelines of Powells Creek; however, the shifting marsh shorelines are probably
                   due to vegetation changes and meandering channels rather than large sediment
                   fluxes.


                   Artificial Stabilization:
                   Only 10% of the shoreline in this segment is artificially stabilized with .6 mile of
                   structures. There is a single groin (5%) in the Cherry Hill area that Rogers et al., 1976,
                   indicated is effective. There is some riprap around the north side of the railroad bridge
                   and to the south of Freestone Point. Nearly 20% of the shoreline armoring is with riprap
                   and 75% is with breakwaters. The recent renovations of Leesylvania State Park included
                   a new boat launching facility which has some bulkhead and is protected by breakwaters.
                   Additional breakwaters were built around the north side of the entrance to Powells creek.





                                                               39






                                                @'@ @Nv Ml@:




                                   S
                                              @j






                                                                                   <


                                 110



























                            'Will


                                                                                                            mmi
          Map 4-A    Cockpit Point to Freestone Point      1:24,000
          PW         (Quantico and Indian Head)
                     -Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-


MAP 4-B
Cockpit Point to
Freestone Point     1:24,000


1966 Shoreline
1982, 1983 Shoreline
SHORELINE EROSION
SHORELINE ACCRETION

(Shoreline change map from
digitized USGS quadrangles)


SIGNIFICANT EROSION *

	Moderate:  (<3ft./yr.)		M
	Severe:    (>3ft./yr.)		S
	Extreme:   (>15ft./yr/)		X



MAP 4-C
Cockpit Point to
Freestone Point	1:24,000
									R:  Riprap
									B:  Bulkhead
Artificial Shoreline						G:  Groins
Stabilization							K:  Breakwater
									C:  Channel Gabion
(Estimated from NVPDC
aerial survey 1992)






                                                                             NVPDC September, 1992


                                                     MAP 5


                                       Freestone Point to Mouth of Neabsco Creek
                 Shoreline Segment.

                 USGS Quadrangles: Quantico
                                       Indian Head


                 County:               Prince William

                 Property Maps:        13S, 14S, 14N, 20S

                 Water Body:           Potomac River
                                       Neabsco Creek

                 Shoreline Description:
                 There are 7.0 miles of shoreline from Freestone Point to the northern side of the
                 mouth of Neabsco Creek. The Richmond, Fredricksburg, and Potomac Railroad
                 bridge crosses approximately at the mouth of Neabsco Creek. Approximately 1.0
                 mile of this segment is along the Potomac River, and the remaining 6.0 miles of
                 shoreline are along Neabsco Creek.

                 The land around Freestone Point is all part of the newly developed Leesylvania
                 State Park. There is a large fishing pier at Freestone Point. There are several
                 commercial marinas with numerous piers and several boat ramps at Neabsco at
                 the southern side of the mouth of Neabsco Creek. There is a sewage disposal
                 area behind the marsh at the head of the creek.


                 Erosion Situation:
                 The shoreline changes map shows that shoreline changes have occurred along
                 the marsh shorelines of Neabsco Creek; however, the shifting marsh shorelines
                 are probably due to vegetation changes and meandering channels rather than
                 large sediment fluxes. The map also shows moderate (< 3 ft/yr) bluff erosion
                 around Neabsco to the south of the railroad bridge, and on the north side of
                 Freestone Point.


                 Artificial Stabilization:
                 Only 5% of the total shoreline is armored with .3 mile riprap (40%) and bulkhead
                 (60%). There is some riprap on either side of the railroad bridge, and bulkhead
                 in the marinas on the south side of Neabsco Creek. Rogers et al., 1976, indicated
                 that the bulkheading is mainly for cosmetic and commercial purposes.








                                                         43






























                      34V






                                                   PO


















                    X84
                                                                                                                     ea M









           Map    5-A Freestone Point to Mouth of Neabsco Creek                       1:24,000
        7
           Pw            (Quantico to Indian Head)
                         -Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-


















                                                                               SIGNIFICANT EROSION

                                                                                      Moderate: (<3ft./y
                                                                                      Severe:     03ft./y
                                                                                      Extreme:    0 1 5ft./
                                                                                     (
                                                                                      Shoreline change map
                                                                                      digitized USGS quadra





                                                                       Neabsco
                                           N                            Creek
                                           1 1:24,000
                       NP 5 -B
                       Fl-eeStO/70 POifit to                                               Potomac
                       Aoutb of Neo3bsco CPeek                                        M     River


                       -19466 sbore-lifle
                       1982,    f9835)50p6P,7j17e
                       5//0) 9FZ INE f )- 90SION
                       5110M Z M -,4Mqf 71-ON


MAP 5-C
Freestone Point to
Mouth of Neabsco Creek 	   1:24,000



Artificial Shoreline
Stabilization

		(Estimated from NVPDC
		 aerial survey 1992)




R:  Riprap
B:  Bulkhead
G:  Groins
K:  Breakwater
C:  Channel Gabion


						





                                                                                     NVPDC September, 1992


                                                           NUP 6

                   Shoreline Segment:      Mouth of Neabsco Creek to Deephole Point

                   USGS Quadrangles:       Quantico
                                           Indian Head
                                           Fort Belvoir
                                           Occoquan

                   County:                 Prince William

                   Property Maps:          14NI 20S, 19S, 19N, 20N, 29S, 28S, 28N

                   Water Body:             Occoquan Bay
                                           Farm Creek
                                           Marumsco Creek
                                           unnamed tributaries

                   Shoreline Description:
                   There are 11.6 miles of shoreline from the northern side of the mouth of Neabsco Creek
                   to Deephole Point. Approximately 4.1 miles of this segment Hes directly on the Potomac
                   River, 3.4 miles are along Marurnsco Creek, 3.2 miles of the shoreline is along Farm
                   Creek, and the remaining 0.9 mile is along smaller unnamed tributaries.

                   There are two residential areas, Featherstone Shores and Bayside Park located in this
                   segment between Farm Creek and Marumsco Creek. Marumsco National Wildlife
                   Refuge, Veterans Memorial Park, and the Marumsco Creek Community Center are
                   located along Marumsco Creek. The shoreline to the north of Marumsco Creek is part of
                   the Diamond Laboratories U.S. Military Reservation.

                   Erosion Situation:
                   The shoreline changes map shows that erosion and accretion have occurred along the
                   Farm Creek and Marumsco Creek marsh shorelines; however, the shifting marsh
                   shorelines are probably due to vegetation changes and meandering channels rather than
                   large sedirnent fluxes. The residential areas of Featherstone Shores and Bayside Park
                   have experienced moderately (<3 ftlyr) eroding shorelines. The shoreline changes shown
                   for the small area of open water between Featherstone Shores and Bayside Park indicate
                   that this area was established between the late 60s and early 80s; therefore the "erosion"
                   of this basin is not a continuous trend.


                   Artificial Stabilization:
                   Only 15% of the shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized with 1.8 miles
                   of riprap (50%), bulkhead (45%), and several groins (5%). Most of the riprap is just
                   south of Deephole Point along the military reservation. There is also some riprap on
                   either side of the basin between Featherstone Shores and Bayside Park with bulkheading
                   inside the basin. Bulkhead extends along Featherstone Shores and Bayside Park with
                   some gaps, and a small groin field. Rogers et al., 1976, indicated that the bulkheading at
                   the marina is mainly used for commercial purposes.




                                                               47






                           off"i




                                                                                                                                          on


                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ICKSS
                                                                                                                      -F T

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         TERANS M
                                                                                                                                                             ..........

                                                                                                                                                                         0   so
                                                                                                                                                                         "   C+
                           CD C:



                                                                                                                                                                                                           W9

                           El
                           A)

                              cr
                           ti
                           0
                           t:jj0
                           Cb


                           Ln
                           C)


                           0
                             0
                           0tic
                           10


                           CL
                             0-
                           A3
                           00 t3
                           @i'               :)
                                                                     IVA
                                     @e                    Y-vad


Occoquan
Bay

MAP 6-B
Mouth of Neabsco Creek
to Deephole Point			1:24,000


1965, 1966 Shoreline
1982, 1983 Shoreline
SHORELINE EROSION
SHORELINE ACCRETION

(Shoreline change map from
digitized USGS quadrangles)

SIGNIFICANT EROSION *

	Moderate:  	(<3ft./yr.)		M
	Severe:	(>3ft./yr.)		S
	Extreme:	(>15ft./yr/)	X


MAP 6-C
Mouth of Neabsco Creek
to Deephole Point		  1:24,000



Artificial Shoreline
Stabilization

(Estimated from NVPDC
aerial survey 1992)

	R:  Riprap
	B:  Bulkhead
	G:  Groins
	K:  Breakwater
	C:  Channel Gabion


Occoquan 

Bay







                                                                             NVPDC September, 1992


                                                     MAP 7

                  Shoreline Segment: Deephole Point to Occoquan River Dam

                  USGS Quadrangles: Fort Belvoir
                                       Occoquan

                  County:              Prince William

                  Property Maps:       28N, 42S, 42N, 56S, 57S, 57N

                  Water Bodies:        Belmont Bay
                                       Occoquan River

                  Shoreline Description:
                  There are 6.0 miles of shoreline from Deephole Point to the Occoquan River Dam.
                  Approximately 1.6 miles of shoreline are along Belmont Bay; the remaining 4.4
                  miles are along the Occoquan River. The shoreline around Deephole Point is part
                  of the Diamond Laboratories U.S. Mlitary Reservation site. There is a good deal
                  of development along the Occoquan River. Both Woodbridge and the Town of
                  Occoquan have residential areas along the shoreline. There are also several
                  commercial and industrial areas. There are numerous piers and several marinas
                  along this segment. There is a sewage disposal station to the south of Occoquan,
                  and several large water tanks and a pumping station to the north of Occoquan.
                  There are several bridges across the Occoquan River for the Richmond,
                  Fredricksburg, and Potomac Railroad, Route 1, Interstate 95, and Route 123.

                  Erosion Situation:
                  The shoreline ch'anges map shows that some of the shoreline along the Occoquan
                  River has experienced moderate (<3 ft/yr) to severe (>3 ft/yr) erosion. The
                  shorelines of some of the low lying areas have changed due to shifting marsh and
                  beach shoreline.


                  Artificial Stabilization:
                  Approximately 40% of the total shoreline is hardened with 2.4 miles of bulkhead
                  (60%) and riprap (40%). There are also two attached marsh islands along the
                  Occoquan River that are old overgrown breakwaters. There is bulkheading
                  along the commercial and industrial areas, and along most of Occoquan. The
                  riprap is mainly along the military reservation.









                                                         51


















                                                                                                                                                                     0














                                                                                       0







                                                                                                                x86
                                                                                                                  @,4









                                                                                                                                                                40-



                                                                                                                                                 X34                I -Nil



                                                                                         A                       X's16

                                                                                                            0




                                                                                                                                e -ont                      r
                                                                                                                    Es



                                                            y


                                                                                                 ii s10 a 1 68




                                                                                          T -                                  D LAAPB-OP,*T

                                                                                          E





                                                                                                                              ITA         S VAT
                                                                                             in

                                                                                                 E
                       Pf"', Map 7-A Deephole Point to Occoquan River Dam                                           1:24,000
                             PW                (Fort Belvoir and Occoquan)
                                                                                                                                                                    P
                                               -Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-                                                     _Q1
                                                                                        11 (636I&L., -- @,@ x             I












                                                         *M                      Occoquan River
                                                                                    (South Shore)




                                                                          S






                                                                             S




                                                                                    M


                            MP 7-B
                            AOeephO-161 POil7t tO                     N
                            0
                                         17
                                                j 1/, P '0
                                                               7        1:24,000


                            _fg65
                                     - f966
                            f 993,   J984 5b0PeJj178                                                        S
                            MORE IM - 590510N                           0
                            51101Y ZINE 4CMETION
                             (
                              Shoreune change map from
                              digitized USGS quadrangies


                              SIGNIFICANT EROSION

                                     Moderate:     ((3ft./yr.)          M
                                     severe:       03ft-/Yr.)           s
                                     Extreme:      0 1 5ft./yr/)        X





									Occoquan River
									 (South Shore)




MAP 7-C
Deephole Point to
Occoquan River Dam  	1:24,000



Artificial Shoreline
Stabilization

(Estimated from NVPDC
aerial survey 1992)

		R:  Riprap
		B:  Bulkhead
		G:  Groins
		K:  Breakwater
		C:  Channel Gabion







                                                                    NVPDC September, 1992


                                               NIAP 8

                Shoreline Segment: Occoquan River Dam to Route 1 Bridge

                USGS Quadrangles: Fort Belvoir
                                   Occoquan

                County:            Fairfax

                Property Maps:     112-2,112-4,113-3

                Water Body:        Occoquan River

                Shoreline Description:
                There are 2.1 miles of shoreline from the Occoquan River Dam to the Route 1
                Bridge. This segment is entirely on the Occoquan River.

                The District of Columbia Department of Corrections (Lorton Reformatory)
                occupies part of this segment. There is a large quarry close to the shore and a
                sewage disposal area. There are several bridges across the Occoquan River for
                Route 123, Interstate 95, Route 1, and the Richmond, Fredricksburg, and Potomac
                Railroad. The shoreline runs along the Occoquan Regional Park between Route
                123 to near Interstate 95.


                Erosion Situation:
                The shoreline changes map shows that there was a change in the open water area
                at the mouth of an unnamed creek to the north of the Interstate 95 bridge; this
                change happened in the late 60s or 70s and does not necessarily represent a
                significant trend. There map also shows moderate (< 3 ft/yr) bluff erosion to the
                south of the Interstate 95 bridge.

                Artificial Stabilization:
                Only 8% of the shoreline is stabilized with .2 mile of artificial structures, 60% of
                which is bulkhead and 40% riprap. Owen et al., 1979, indicated that the
                structures were mainly erected for cosmetic and commercial purposes.












                                                  55





















                                                                    VP







                                                                                                                                                                 611




                                      77SJ



                                                                                                                                                    Al





                                                                                                                    X 8






                                                                                                                                            X34



                                                                                                                                                     Q)

                                                                                                            X,56













                                                                                           N s          68




                                                                                                                          D       ED)

                                                                                      E
                                                                                                                           d i
                                                                                                                        7dwgd-r
                                                                                      I.


                                                                                      >            t,                  ILIT          s     AT

                                                                                              E
                                                                                              z


                            Map 8-A         Occoquan River Dam to Route                     I  Bridge          1:24,000
                           FX               (Fort Belvoir and Occoquan)
                                            -Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-

                                                                                      (6ml"


Occoquan River
 (North Shore)




MAP 8-B
Occoquan River Dam
to Route 1 Bridge		1:24,000


1965, 1966 Shoreline
1983, 1984 Shoreline
SHORELINE EROSION
SHORELINE ACCRETION

(Shoreline change map from
digitized USGS quadrangles)


SIGNIFICANT EROSION *

	Moderate:  	(<3ft./yr.)		M
	Severe:	(>3ft./yr.)		S
	Extreme:	(>15ft./yr/)	X



Occoquan River
 (North Shore)





MAP 8-C
Occoquan River Dam
to Route 1 Bridge		1:24,000



Artificial Shoreline
Stabilization

(Estimated from NVPDC
aerial survey 1992)

		R:  Riprap
		B:  Bulkhead
		G:  Groins
		K:  Breakwater
		C:  Channel Gabion








                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                                                       MAP 9

                  Shoreline Segment: Route 1 Bridge to Kanes Creek

                  USGS Quadrangle: Fort Belvoir

                  County.               Fairfax

                  Property Maps:        113-3,117-1,117-2,113-4,118-1,118-3

                  Water Bodies:         Occoquan River
                                        Massey Creek
                                        Belmont Bay
                                        unnamed tributary

                  Shoreline Description:
                  There are 6.8 miles of shoreline from Route 1 Bridge to Kanes Creek.
                  Approximately 1.2 miles of the shoreline are along the Occoquan River, 2.6 miles
                  are along Massey Creek, 2.1 miles are along Belmont Bay, and the remaining 0.9
                  mile of shoreline is along a marshy tributary to the northwest of Kanes Creek.

                  There are several piers and boat ramps in this segment. To the southeast of the
                  Route 1 Bridge, is the Colchester residential area and the Fairfax Yacht Club. The
                  shoreline on the west side of Massey Creek is now almost entirely developed.
                  There are a few houses at the southeast mouth of Massey Creek, around
                  Frenchmans Point. There are several more houses between Frenchmans Point
                  and the tributary just northwest of Kanes Creek. The boundary for Mason Neck
                  State Park lies between the tributary and Kanes Creek.


                  Erosion Situation:
                  The shoreline changes map shows that there have been shifting marsh shorelines
                  along Massey Creek, in the marsh area just to the north of the creek, and along
                  the unnamed tributary at the mouth of Kanes Creek, however, the shifting marsh
                  shorelines are probably due to vegetation changes and meandering channels
                  rather than large sediment fluxes. There has also been some moderate (< 3 ft/yr)
                  erosion along several bluffs on Belmont Bay.

                  Artificial Stabilization:
                  Only 25% of the shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized with 1.7
                  miles of bulkhead (65%), riprap (30%), and groins (5%). The structures are
                  spread throughout the segment. Most of the residences along Massey Creek are
                  armored with only a few gaps.





                                                          59





















                                                                                                                               M 14



                                                                                                                            n






                                                                                                                                                         @2
                                                                                                                                                                42




                                                     40



                                     X34






                                                                             10







             X 34


                      ont



                                                                                                                                                            -e6



                                                                     Q:)


                                                                  S\

                                          /0
                                                                                               B -CM 0 N                             Y
                                                              L

                                                                                        N
                 Map 9-A Route               I Bridge to Kanes Creek                    1 1:24,000
                 FX               (Fort Belvoir)-Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-
                                               I   +                                                          @.y     I


MAP 9-B
Route 1 Bridge
to Kanes Creek		1:24,000

1965 Shoreline
1983 Shoreline
SHORELINE EROSION
SHORELINE ACCRETION

(Shoreline change map from
digitized USGS quadrangles)

SIGNIFICANT EROSION *

	Moderate: 	(<3ft./yr.)		M
	Severe:	(>3ft./yr.)		S
	Extreme:	(>15ft./yr/)	X



Belmont
Bay


MAP 9-C
Route 1 Bridge
to Kanes Creek	1:24,000


Artificial Shoreline
Stabilization

(Estimated from NVPDC
aerial survey 1992)
				R:  Riprap
				B:  Bulkhead
				G:  Groins
				K:  Breakwater
				G:  Channel Gabion



Belmont
Bay






                                                                              NVPDC September, 1992


                                                     M" 10

                  Shoreline Segment: Kanes Creek to Sandy Point

                  USGS Quadrangle: Fort Belvoir

                  County:               Fairfax

                  Property Maps:        118-3,118-4,121-1,120-2

                  Water Bodies:         Kanes Creek
                                        Belmont Bay

                  Shoreline Description:
                  There are 6.6 miles of shoreline from Kanes Creek to Sandy Point.
                  Approximately 5 miles are along the convoluted shoreline of Kanes Creek, and
                  the remaining 1.7 miles are along the relatively smooth shoreline of Belmont Bay.

                  The entire shoreline borders Mason Neck State Park. The park's Visitors Center
                  is along the Belmont Bay shoreline.

                  Erosion Situation:
                  The shoreline changes map shows that the Kanes Creek shoreline has changed
                  significantly. Some marsh areas along the Belmont Bay shoreline have also
                  changed; however, the shifting marsh shorelines are probably due to vegetation
                  changes and meandering channels rather than large sediment fluxes.

                  Artificial Stabilization:
                  None of the shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized.



















                                                          63









                                                                                                                                                                                                            g M

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       err,-
















                                                                                                                                                                                               U I r,11lKj            t




                                     ...........










                                            B MONT                                            Y




                                                                                                                                 0




                                                                                                                                         E



                                                                                                                                       M30





                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                -tp,7
                                                                                                                                         40           Map I O-A Kanes Creek to Sandy Point
                                                                                                                                                     FX                            (Fort Belvoir)-Reference map from
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      i @em                    n.


MAP 10-B						SIGNIFICANT EROSION *
Kanes Creek to
Sand Point			1:24,000			Moderate:	(<3ft./yr.)		M
								Severe:	(>3ft./yr.)		S
								Extreme:	(>15ft./yr/)	X

1965 Shoreline						(Shoreline change map from
1983 Shoreline						digitized USGS quadrangles)
SHORELINE EROSION
SHORELINE ACCRETION




Belmont 
Bay


















                                                                                                  R:  Riprap
                MAP io-c                                                                          B:  Bulkhead
                                                                                                  G:  Groins
                Kanes Creek to                                        1:24,000                    K:  Breakwater
                Sandy Point                                                                       C:  Channel Gabion
                                                                                                  EstImated from NVPDC
                Artificial Shoreline                                                            (aerlal survey 1992
                Stabilization






                                                       Kanes
                                                        Creek




                      Belmont
                         Bay






                                                                                NVPDC Septeinber, 1992


                                                       MAP 11

                  Shoreline Segment-. Sandy Point to Sycamore Point

                  USGS Quadrangles: Indian Head
                                         Fort Belvoir

                  County:                Fairfax

                  Property Maps:         120-2,121-1,121-3

                  Water Bodies:          Occoquan Bay
                                         Potomac River


                  Shoreline Description:
                  There are 3.7 miles of shoreline from Sandy Point to Sycamore Point.
                  Approximately 1.7 miles of shoreline from Sandy Point to 11igh Point are on the
                  Occoquan Bay, and the remaining 2.0 miles are on the Potomac River.

                  This segment contains shoreline along Mason Neck State Park, Potomac
                  Shoreline Regional Park, and Mason Neck Wildlife Sanctuary. There are also a
                  few houses along the shore.

                  Erosion Situation:
                  The shoreline changes map shows that moderate (< 3 ft/yr) erosion has occurred
                  on the Belmont Bay shoreline and severe (> 3 ft/yr) erosion has occurred around
                  High Point. Owen et al., 1979, indicated that most of the shoreline in this segment
                  has experienced moderate bluff erosion (1 to 3 ft/yr). Miller, 1987, did a detailed
                  field study of High Point from February 1980 to July 1981; his results indicated
                  that there was a mean recession rate of 1.3 to 1.6 ft/yr. He also did cartographic
                  and photogrammetric analyses that gave rates of 0.7 ft/yr and 2.0 ft/yr for this
                  part of Mason Neck.

                  Artificial Stabilization:
                  Only 16% of the shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized with .6
                  mile of riprap (80%) and bulkheads (20%). The area to the south of Sandy Point
                  has two sections of riprap and a small section of bulkhead. Some more riprap
                  was used along the levee in Potomac Shoreline Regional Park. Another small
                  section of bulkhead is along the shoreline of a private residence to the East of
                  Mgh Point.








                                                           67



















             s
                                                                                                                                                                            20
                                          B            ON                     Y
                                                    4j

                                                                                                 s            E



                                                                                                            M 30                                      z
                                  ndy


                                                                                     30


                                                                                                              "0



                                                                                                                                                     0



                                                                                                                                                          A



                                                                                          E N                                                           RK



                                                                                                                                                        0




                                                                                           tv
                                                 Light


                                                                                                           X36
                                                                                 >36

                                                                                      G               A   K
                                                                                                          4


                                                                                                                                   Map I 1-A             Sandy Point to S
            r BA Y
                                                                    P0   t                                                         FX                    (Indian Head and
                                                                                                                                                         -Reference map fro


MAP 11-B
Sandy Point to
Sycamore Point		1:24,000


1965, 1966 Shoreline
1982, 1983 Shoreline
SHORELINE EROSION
SHORELINE ACCRETION

(Shoreline change map from
digitized USGS quadrangles)

SIGNIFICANT EROSION *

	Moderate: 	(<3ft./yr.)		M
	Severe:	(>3ft./yr.)		S
	Extreme:	(>15ft./yr/)	X



Belmont 
Bay



Potomac 
River


MAP 11-C
Sandy Point to
Sycamore Point     1:24,000



Artificial Shoreline
Stabilization

(Estimated from NVPDC
aerial survey 1992)

		R:  Riprap
		B:  Bulkhead
		G:  Groins
		K:  Breakwater
		C:  Channel Gabion



Belmont 
Bay



Potomac 
River






                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                                                      MAP 12

                 Shoreline Segment: Sycamore Point to Hallowing Point

                 USGS Quadrangle: Fort Belvoir

                 County:                Fairfax

                 Property Maps:         121-3,121-4,122-1,122-2

                 Water Body:            Potomac River
                                        unnamed tributaries


                 Shoreline Description:
                 There are 8.0 miles of shoreline from Sycamore Point to Hallowing Point.
                 Approximately 2.8 miles of the shoreline lies directly on the Potomac River, and
                 the remaining 5.2 miles are along tributaries in the marsh. The 1.4 miles of
                 shoreline from the eastern edge of the marsh to Hallowing Point are heavily
                 developed as part of Hallowing Point Estates; many of these homes have docks.
                 The shoreline from Sycamore Point to the residential area is part of Mason Neck
                 National Wildlife Refuge.

                 Erosion Situation:
                 The shoreline changes map shows that there have been significant changes in the
                 marsh area to the northeast of Sycamore Point; however, the shifting marsh
                 shorelines are probably due to vegetation changes and meandering channels
                 rather than large sediment fluxes.

                 Artificial Stabilization:
                 Only 15% of the shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized with 1.2
                 mile of bulkheads (65%), riprap (30%), and a few groins (5%). All of these
                 structures are along the shoreline of Hallowing Point Estates and were generally
                 constructed on a property to property basis with some gaps in front of individual
                 residences. Owens et al., 1979, indicate that the gaps between the structures
                 reduce their overall effectiveness.

















                                                          71
























                                                                                                           B
                                                                                                           4








                                                              10







                                                                                     20

                                                                                                                                                               768

                                                                                                                  A ON                                  38         unsto
                                                                                                                                                                  man




                                                                                                                                                         600
                                                                                                                                                   30

                                  41

                                                                      T


                                                                                                                                                  Ilowl
                      M30
                                                                                            AV -1                              X7









                                                                                                                   f


                                                                     A


                                                                     K                                             Map 12-A             Sycamore Point to Hallowin
                                                                                                                   FX                    (Fort Belvoir)-Reference map
                                                                  0


                                                                                               Y


MAP 12-B	
Sycamore Point						SIGNIFICANT EROSION *
to Hallowing Point		1:24,000	
									Moderate:	(<3ft./yr.)		M
									Severe:	(>3ft./yr.)		S
									Extreme:	(>15ft./yr/)	X
1965 Shoreline							
1983 Shoreline							(Shoreline change map from	
SHORELINE EROSION							digitized USGS quadrangles)
SHORELINE ACCRETION




Potomac River



MAP 12-C
Sycamore Point
to Hallowing Point     1:24,000



Artificial Shoreline
Stabilization

(Estimated from NVPDC
aerial survey 1992)

  R:  Riprap
  B:  Bulkhead
  G:  Groins
  K:  Breakwater
  C:  Channel Gabion




Potomac River







                                                                                 NVPDC September, 1992


                                                      MAP 13

                 Shoreline Segment: Hallowing Point to Pohick Bay

                 USGS Quadrangle:       Fort Belvoir

                 County:                Fairfax

                 Property Maps:         122-2,119-4,119-1,115-3,114-4

                 Water Bodies:          Potomac River
                                        Gunston Cove
                                        unnamed tributary

                 Shoreline Description:
                 There are 4.7 miles of shoreline from Hallowing Point to Pohick Bay.
                 Approximately 2.1 miles of this is on the Potomac River, and 2.1 miles are along
                 Gunston Cove. The remaining 0.5 mile of shoreline is along a small tributary.

                 There are two residential areas to the north of Hallowing Point, Hallowing Point
                 Estates' and Gunston Manor. The shoreline of this segment continues along past
                 Gunston Hall Plantation, to approximately the mouth of Pohick Bay at the head
                 of Gunston Cove. The northern portion of this segment is part of the Pohick Bay
                 Regional Park where there is a large boat ramp. There are also several docks in
                 this segment.


                 Erosion Situation:
                 The shoreline changes map shows that moderate (<3 ft/yr) bluff erosion has
                 occurred in several places along this segment. The bluff erosion in the Gunston
                 Manor residential area could threaten the houses that are close to the shoreline.
                 Owen et al., 1979, indicated that this segment is undergoing moderate
                 (1 to 3 ft/yr) erosion from Hallowing Point to the inside of Gunston Cove, and
                 that one house at the mouth of Gunston Cove is endangered by the erosion
                 situation.


                 Artificial Stabilization:
                 Only 12% of this segment has been artificially stabilized with .5 mile of bulkhead
                 (55%), riprap (40%), and several groins (5%). Most of the structures are along
                 individual properties of Hallowing Point Estates and Gunston Manor with some
                 gaps between structures. There is also some riprap near the Pohick boat ramp.







                                                           75










                                                                                                                    ns




                              Pohick
                                  oat
                                    P                                                                       0

                                                       4-

                                                                                         U







                            e




















                                          4







                                                                                4C








                         20
                                                                                n768                             W&     N N
                                                                                      40
                        C)                     A ON                               Uunsto
                                                                                   Mano

                 U


                                                                       30


                                                                                                       30


                                            LU,            0
                                                                                                                    gh






                             ej


                                                                                                  rO






                                               Map   13-A      Hallowing Point to Pohick Bay            1:24,000
                                              FX               (Fort Belvoir)-Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-


Gunston 
Cove




Potomac
River





MAP 13-B
Hallowing Point
to Pohick Bay		1:24,000


1965 Shoreline
1983 Shoreline
SHORELINE EROSION
SHORELINE ACCRETION

(Shoreline change map from
digitized USGS quadrangles)

SIGNIFICANT EROSION *

	Moderate:	(<3ft./yr.)		M
	Severe:	(>3ft./yr.)		S
	Extreme:	(>15ft./yr/)	X



Gunston
Cove




Potomac
River





MAP 13-C
Hallowing Point
to Pohick Bay      1:24,000



Artificial Shoreline
Stabilization

(Estimated from NVPDC
aerial survey 1992)

		R:  Riprap
		B:  Bulkhead
		G:  Groins
		K:  Breakwater
		C:  Channel Gabion








                                                                              NVPDC September, 1992


                                                     MAP 14

                 Shoreline Segment: Pohick Bay to Whitestone Point

                 USGS Quadrangle: Fort Belvoir

                 County:               Fairfax

                 Property Maps:        114-4,114-2,115-1,115-3,115-4

                 Water Bodies:         Pohick Bay
                                       Pohick Creek
                                       Accotink Bay
                                       Accotink Creek
                                       Gunston Cove


                 Shoreline Description:
                 There are 16.6 miles of shoreline included from Pohick Bay to Whitestone Point.
                 The shoreline in this segment is highly convoluted and only about half of the
                 total shoreline is on Pohick Bay, Accotink Bay, and Gunston Cove. The limit of
                 tidewaters along Pohick and Accotink Creeks is further inland than the portions
                 included in this segment. Approximately 4.4 miles of shoreline are along Pohick
                 Bay, and 1.8 miles are included along Pohick Creek. Approximately 2.1 miles are
                 along Accotink Bay and 6.4 miles are along Accotink Creek, with 2.1 miles of that
                 being island shorelines. The remaining 1.8 miles of shoreline are along Gunston
                 Cove.

                 The first stretch of shoreline in this segment is along Pohick Bay regional park.
                 The remainder of the shoreline is along the U.S. Army Fort Belvoir Military
                 Reservation. There are a few residential buildings, and several buildings on the
                 military base along the shoreline, but most of the shoreline is undeveloped.
                 There are several docks and boat ramps in Gunston Cove.


                 Erosion Situation:
                 The shoreline changes map shows that there has been some moderate (< 3 ft/yr)
                 erosion at the mouth of Pohick Bay, and near the Fort Belvoir military boat
                 facility.

                 Artificial Stabilization:
                 Only 4% of this shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized with .6
                 mile of breakwater (50%), bulkhead (30%), and riprap (20%). There is a small
                 section of bulkhead and some riprap to the northwest of the Pohick boat ramp.
                 There is a large breakwater and some bulkheading at the Fort Belvoir military
                 boat facility. There is also a dock and a stretch of bulkhead along the shoreline
                 along Gunston Cove.



                                                          79



















                                                                                   UKI









                                          59'A




                                                                                                   IN









                        nll-







                                                                                    CK         B
                                                             . . . .........





                                                                                                                                    -AV

                   14


                                                                          lie ?Oil'Lt             Quadl
                                                            4LO V hitte St            13SGS 'fOPO
                                                                            'a frOVOL
                                              OjLj'Ct
                     IPF                    p                  'Reference
                                    4- P@-                                     .?,@ -L
                           14                (Fort l3elvoir


MAP 14-B
Pohick Bay to		1:24,000			SIGNIFICANT EROSION *
Whitestone Point			
								Moderate:	(<3ft./yr.)		M
								Severe:	(>3ft./yr.)		S
								Extreme:	(>15ft./yr/)	X

1965 Shoreline						    (Shoreline change map from					
1983 Shoreline						    digitized USGS quadrangles)
SHORELINE EROSION
SHORELINE ACCRETION		




MAP 14-C
Pohick Bay to
Whitestone Point     1:24,000					R:  Riprap
									B:  Bulkhead
									G:  Groins
									K:  Breakwater
Artificial Shoreline						C:  Channel Gabion
Stabilization

		(Estimated from NVPDC
		aerial survey 1992)








                                                                                     NVPDC September, 1992




                   Shoreline Segment: Whitestone Point to Ferry Point

                   USGS Quadrangles: Fort Belvoir
                                           Mount Vernon


                   County:                 Fairfax

                   Property Maps:          115-4,115-2,109-4,110-3

                   Water Bodies:           Potomac River
                                           Dogue Creek

                   Shoreline Description:
                   There are 8.1 miles of shoreline from Whitestone Point to Ferry Point. Around
                   1.9 miles lies directly on the Potomac and 4.9 n-dles; are on Dogue Creek. The
                   basin at Whitestone Point encompasses another 0.6 mile, and the basin at the
                   Mount Vernon Yacht Club includes another 0.7 mile.

                   The shoreline from Whitestone Point to the head of Dogue Creek is all adjacent to
                   the U.S. Army Fort Belvoir Military Reservation. There are only a few buildings
                   near the shore. There is a boat ramp and docking facility on the upper northeast
                   side of Dogue Creek on the military reservation. From the lower northeast side
                   of Dogue Creek to Ferry Point, there are numerous residential areas including
                   Mount Vernon Terrace, Mount Vernon on the Potomac, Yacht Haven Estates, and
                   Oxford. The Mount Vernon Yacht Club is in this section. There are numerous
                   piers and docks along this stretch.

                   Erosion Situation:
                   The shoreline changes map shows that there has been moderate (< 3 ft/yr) along
                   several bluffs on both sides of Dogue Creek. The shoreline has also changed in
                   several marsh areas; the shifting marsh shorelines are probably due to vegetation
                   changes and meandering channels rather than large sediment fluxes. There have
                   also been moderate (< 3 ft/yr) shoreline changes in both the basin at Whitestone
                   Point and the basin at the Mount Vernon Yacht Club. The slight to moderate
                   accretion to the north of VVI-dtestone Point has occurred along the base of eroding
                   bluffs. Owens et al., 1979, indicated that the bluffs to the north of Whitestone
                   Point are experiencing moderate (1 to 3 ft/yr).

                   Artificial Stabilization:
                   Overall, 41% of the shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized with 3.3
                   miles of bulkhead (60%) and riprap (40%). The Fort Belvoir Military Reservation has
                   hardened shorelines at the basin at VAfitestone Point, which has riprap on either side and
                   bulkhead inside; there is a stretch of bulkhead south of Dogue Creek; and also some
                   riprap on the north bank of the creek. The remaining shoreline on the north side of
                   Dogue Creek is almost entirely structured with alternating bulkheading and riprap.


                                                               83


















                                 Cn,
                                                                                                                                                                                        ar





                                                                           A                                                                                                            Ts J'


                                                                                                                 3



                                                                                                                                                                                 ha   me




                           M 14
                                                                                          Z7                                 Grist Mill   P
                                                                                                              t        h           0

                                                                                                                    NT



                                                                                                                                                     v






                                                                                                     M unt















                                                                                                                                                                                 S
                                        10
                                                                                                                                                                      6.

                                                                                                      wa
                                                           0                                              sa


                                                                                           5




                                                           M



                                                                                                                                                                                          C(


                                                                                                                                                                          all    all





                                                                            ns




                                                                                      Map 15-A                Whitestone Point to Perry Point                               1:24,000
                                                                                      FX                      (Fort Belvoir, and Mount Vernon)
                                                                                                              -Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-
                                     L                                                                                                                              \\J











                                                  MAP 15-B
                                                    Whitestone Point               1:24,000
                                                    to Ferry Point

                                                    1965, 1966 Shoreline
                                                    1983 Shoreline
                                                    SHORELINE EROSION
                                                    SHORELINE ACCRETION




                                                  M*
                                                     M*



                                                    M


          SIGNIFICANT EROSION                                 Dogue
                 Moderate:   3ft./yr.)          M             Creek
                 Severe:     3ft./Yr.)          
                 Extreme:    (15ft/yr)     
                 (
                  Shoreline change map from
                  digitized USGS quadrangles
 









                                              MAP 15-C
                                              Whitestone Point
                                               to Ferry Point               1:24,000


                                                Artificial Shoreline
                                                Stabilization

                                                (
                                                 Estimated from NVPDC
                                                 aerial survey 1992 




                                            B    R
                                                     B

                                                        R

                      R:  Riprap
                      B:  Bulkhead                          B
                      G:  Groins                                  R
                      K:  Breakwater                                    B
                      C   Channel Gabion                                        R      B


                                                                 Dogue
                                                                 Creek





















                            B
                                  R
 





                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                                                      MAP 16

                  Shoreline Degment: Ferry Point to Little Hunting Creek

                  USGS Quadrangle:      Mount Vernon

                  County:               Fairfax

                  Property Maps:        110-3,110-4,111-3,111-1,102-3

                  Water Bodies:         Potomac River
                                        Little Hunting Creek

                  Shoreline Description:
                  There are 11 miles of shoreline from Ferry Point to Little Hunting Creek.
                  Approximately 1.8 miles of shoreline are on the Potomac River and the
                  remaining 9.2 miles are along Little Hunting Creek.

                  Northeast of Ferry point are the Belle River and Riverwood residential areas and
                  the Mansion House Yacht Club. The stretch of shoreline beyond these residential
                  areas and around the western side of the mouth of Little Hunting Creek is along
                  the historic Mount Vernon estate. There are numerous residential areas along
                  Little Hunting Creek including Wessynton, Woodland Park, Waldon Woods
                  Riverside Estates, Sunnyview, Huntington at Mount Vernon, Stratford Landing,
                  Fort Hunt, and Stratford on the Potomac. There are also a sewage disposal area,
                  a U.S. Coast Guard Radio Station, the Martin Luther King Jr. Park, the
                  Williamsburg Manor Park and the Little Hunting Creek Park on Little Hunting
                  Creek. The George Washington Memorial Parkway and the Mount Vernon Bike
                  Trail cross Little Hunting Creek near the mouth. The shoreline at the end of this
                  segment is Riverside Park along the George Washington Memorial Parkway.

                  Erosion Situation:
                  The shoreline changes map shows that moderate (< 3 ft/yr) to severe W ft yr)
                  erosion has taken place along Stratford on the Potomac residential area at the
                  mouth of Little Hunting Creek. The map also shows other shoreline changes
                  near the mouth of, and along Little Hunting Creek, that are mainly associated
                  with marsh shorelines; and therefore, probably due to vegetation changes and
                  meandering channels, rather than large sediment fluxes.

                  Owens et al., 1979, indicated that the bluffs to the north of Ferry Point are
                  experiencing moderate (1 to 3 ft/yr) erosion.

                  Artificial Stabilization:
                  There are 1.7 miles of artificial shoreline stabilization in this segment along 15% of the
                  shoreline. Approximately 60% of the structures are bulkheading and 40 % are riprap.
                  There is riprap just to the north of Ferry Point and near Mount Vernon. Most of the
                  bulkheading is in Little Hunting Creek.


                                                           87







                     EAD&S.   PAR K

                                                                                                      ch
                                                                      Y

                                       R.    T
                                                             R
                                                                                              Be hern
                                     P, rk


                                       t Vern
                                       b


                                                                                 v


                                                                                      S




                                                    cly


                                6





                                                                                                                                        31

                                              Ne
                                              V00
                                 Mt ernon
                                                                                                                                              H.n




                                                                                                                               S<



                                                          fman
                                                          Ch


                                                                                                                                               er


                                                                                                                                                                   rt



                                                                                                                                     t
                                                       k
                                                                                                                                                         t



                                                     5



                                                                     23                                                                            629)


                                                                                     x















                                                                                                  \to


                                                         Map 16-A             Ferry Point to Little Hunting Creek                          1:24,000
                                                         FX                   (Mount Vern on)-Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-










                    MAP 16-B                                    1:24,000
                    Ferry Point to
                    Little Hunting Creek















             SIGNIFICANT EROSION *

                   Moderate: ((3ft./yr.)           M
                   Severe:      (>3ft./yr.)        S                     S
                   Extreme:     (> I 5ft./yr)     X
                     Shoreline change map from              Little
                    (digitized USGS quadrangles            Hunting
                                                            Creek                    Potomac River






                                                  1966 Shoreline
                                                  1983 Shoreline
                                                  SHORELINE EROSION
                                                  SHORELINE ACCRETION               
 































                                                   B










                          R:: Riprap                   B
                          B:  bulkhead
                          G:  Groins
                          K:  Breakwater
                          C:  Channel Gabion


                            Estimated from NVPDC
                            aerial survey 1992                      B


                                                          Little                   POtOMac River
                                                         Hunting
                                                          Creek




                                            R
                                           MAP 16C
                                           Ferry Point to
                                           Little Hunting Creek


                                           Artificial Shoreline
                                           Stabilization
 





                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                                                     NW 17

                 Shoreline Segmenb Little Hunting Creek to Hog Island

                 USGS Quadrangles: Alexandria
                                       Mount Vernon


                 County:               Fairfax

                 Property Maps:        111-1, 111-2,102-4,102-2

                 Water Body:           Potomac River

                 Shoreline Description:
                 There are 4.4 miles of shoreline from Little Hunting Creek to Hog Island. The
                 entire segment runs along a bend in the Potomac River.

                 The shoreline starts at Riverside park and continues along the George
                 Washington Memorial Parkway past Fort Hunt around Sheridian Point. The
                 National Park Service land continues around the bend in the Potomac River up to
                 the residential areas of Collingwood, Herbert Springs, Arcturus, and Wellington
                 Villa, which are adjacent to the shoreline at the end of the segment.

                 Erosion Situation:
                 The shoreline changes map shows that moderate (< 3 ft/yr) to severe (>3 ft/yr)
                 erosion has taken place to the north of Sheridan Point. There has also been some
                 moderate erosion (<3 ft/yr) along the shoreline to the north of Arcturus. The
                 erosion at the very north end of the segment is related to the marsh changes
                 around Hog Island.

                 Artificial Stabilization:
                 There are 2.0 miles of artificial shoreline stabilization along 46% of the shoreline
                 in this segment. 70% of the shoreline armoring is riprap and the remaining 30%
                 is bulkheading. There are some areas with riprap along the George Washington
                 Memorial Parkway. The residential areas have a n-dx of bulkheading and riprap,
                 but not all of the properties have shoreline armoring.












                                                          91




















                                                                                                                                   d







                                                                              \j


                                   Ch




                                  hem
                                                            PCbU
                                                                                                            1




                                      Iw                                                                                       u
                            a     u  r Kin  r.








                                                                        Vo..








                                                                        Hun
                                                                        hS
                                                       a dS@                                                y



                                                                        t





                                         4S                                       t





                                                                           629



                                                                                                              eri n



                                                                     Map 17-A           Little Hunting Creek to Hog Islan                      1:24.000
                                                                      FX                (Alexandria and Mount Vernon)
                                                                                        -Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-























                                                                                  M

                                                                                     M


                                                                                        M


                          MAP 17-B                                                               P
                          Little Hunting Creek                     1:24,000                      0
                          to Hog Island                                                          t
                                                                                                 0
                          1966 Shoreline                                                         M                                                                             a
                          1983 Shoreline
                          SHORELINE EROSION
                          SHORELINE ACCRETION
                           Shoreline change map from I 
                           digitized USGS quadrangles./
                            SIGNIFICANT EROSION                                                                                                                                                   e
                                  Moderate:    (3ft./yr.)         M                             
                                  Severe:      (3ft./Yr.)           S
                                  Extreme:     15ft./yr)       X







                                                                                     S
 


















                                                                               R

                                                                                  B


                                                                                     R








                                                                                          B

                    MAP 17-C
                    Little Hunting Creek                                                       0qp
                    to Hog Island                                 1:24,000                       B               0
                                                                                                           t
                                                                                            B              0

                                                                                                           M
                    Artificial Shoreline                                                                 a
                    Stabilization                                                                         c
                    (
                     Estimated from NVPDC
                     aerial survey 1992                                                                    R
                                                                                                                                                   R:  Riprap                                                         V
                                        B:  Bulkhead                                                       e
                                        G:  Groins
                                        K:  Breakwater                                                     r
                                        C:  Channel Gabion











                                            R
                                        
 





                                                                                      NVPDC September, 1992


                                                           M" 18

                   Shoreline Segment: Hog Island to Hunting Creek

                   USGS Quadrangle: Alexandria

                   Count3r.                Fairfax

                   Property Maps:          102-2,93-4,93-2,83-4,83-2,83-1

                   Water Bodies:           Potomac River
                                           Hunting Creek
                                           unnamed tributaries


                   Shoreline Description:
                   There are 14.9 miles of shoreline from Hog Island to Hunting Creek. This shoreline
                   segment ends at the jurisdictional boundary between the City of Alexandria and Fairfax
                   County which is approximately at Hooff Run, 1.2 miles above the mouth of Hunting
                   Creek. Hooff Run also marks the transition between Cameron Run to the west and
                   Hunting Creek to the east. Approximately 4.4 miles of this segment lie directly on the
                   Potomac River, 0.9 mile is on Hunting Creek, and 1.0 mile of the shoreline is along a
                   tributary of Hunting Creek. The remaining 8.6 miles of shoreline are along unnamed
                   channels in the large marsh area at the beginning of the segment.

                   The entire stretch of shoreline from Hog Island to the mouth of Hunting Creek is along
                   the George Washington Memorial Parkway. The Belle Haven boat ramp and marina is in
                   this reach, just north of the large marsh area. The George Washington Memorial
                   Parkway crosses Hunting Creek at its confluence with the Potomac. The tributary at the
                   mouth of the Creek runs along the western side of the Parkway. The western side of the
                   tributary and the first stretch of Hunting Creek border the Belle Haven Country Club.
                   The shoreline along Hunting Creek also runs along the Grosvenor Riverside commercial
                   areas where Route 1 crosses the creek. Tidal influence continues up Cameron Run to an
                   undefined point prior to where Interstate-95 crosses the run.

                   Erosion Situation:
                   The shoreline changes map shows extreme (> 15 ft /yr) erosion in the marsh area; while
                   some of the shifting marsh shorelines are probably due to vegetation changes and
                   meandering channels, there also has been a loss of sediment along this stretch of the
                   Potomac River. The marina to the north of the marsh has experienced severe erosion
                   (> 3 ft/yr). The shoreline near the mouth of Hunting Creek has also experienced
                   moderate (< 3 ft/yr) to severe (> 3 ft/yr) erosion. The strip of erosion just inside the
                   Creek is land that used to be marsh and is now open water. Some moderate (< 3 ft/yr)
                   erosion has also occurred along Hunting Creek.

                   Artificial Stabilization:
                   Only 9% of the total shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized. 60% of the
                   1.4 mile shoreline armoring is riprap and 40% is bulkhead. There is a single section of
                   bulkheading in Hunting Creek, and the remaining structures run from the marina above
                   the marsh to near the entrance to the creek.





                                                               95








                                            2040                                                                                                                                                      v


                                                                                          @XANDRIA N@ I L






                                                                          Park



                                                                                                                                                                                               0

                                                                                                                                                                                     6. . . . .
                                                                                                                                                                                        n

                                                                                                                                                                                  P11 k
                        @4




                                                            P)RIq


                                               r



                                                                                                                         avqnj,
                                                                                                                             U. 1)
                                                                                                                          Cj@





                                                                                                                                 Z

                                                                                                                                               C)



                           N                                                                                        A e        n        7


                                                                                                                                                                                  ;@[z
                                                                                                                                                                                  z

                                                                                                                  B I I      V



                                                                                                                                                 V
                                                                                                                      Saii I





                                                                                                                                                                   ...........














                                                                                                                                                                                 0




                                         71-




                               Map       18-A           Hog Island to Hunting Creek                                    1:24,000
                                                                                                                    I                                                  S1 nd
                               FX                        (Alexandria)-Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-
                                                                                                      Z2 :.-"A       6,26
                                                             4, @ @6@A













                                                                           *M       Hunting
                                                                                     Creek



                                                                                M-S




                                                                                                                    P
                                            1:24,000                                                                0
              MAP 18-B                                                                                               t
              Hog Island to Hunting Creek                                                                                                      0
                                                                                   M
                                                                                                                    a
              1971 Shoreline                                                        *S
              1983 Shoreline                                                                                         R
               SHORELINE EROSION                                             E                                                                                                                                
                Shoreline change map from                                                                           e
                digitized USGS quadrangles                                                                          r
                 SIGNIFICANT EROSION

                        Moderate:      (3ft/yr)           M
                        Severe:        (3ft./Yr.)             S
                        Extreme:         I 5ft./yr)         x                                       
 


















                                                                        Hunting
                                                                         Creek





                                    1:24,000
                MAP 18-C
                Hog Island to Hunting Creek                    R


                Artificial Shoreline                                                                    
                Stabilization                                                                               0
                                                                                               t
                Estimated from NVPDC                                                           0
                 aerial survey 1992
                                                                                               m
                           R: Riprap                                                           a
                           B. Bulkhead                                                         c
                           G: Groins
                           K: Breakwater
                           C. Channel Gabion                                                  R
                                                                                               i

                                                                                               V

                                                                                               e

                                                                                               r
 





                                                                                     NVPDC September, 1992


                                                           MAP 19

                   Shoreline Segment: Hunting Creek to Four Mile Run

                   USGS Quadrangle:        Alexandria

                   City:                   Alexandria

                   Property Maps:          82.00, 83-01, 83-03, 83.04, 83-02, 84-01, 84.03, 81.03,
                                           81-01, 75-03, 75-01, 65-03, 65.01, 55-03, 55.01, 36-00,
                                           26.00, 17.00, 25.00, 16-00, 08.00

                   Water Bodies:           Hooff Run
                                           Hunting Creek
                                           Potomac River
                                           Four Mile Run


                   Shoreline Description:
                   There are 8.8 miles of shoreline from Hunting Creek to Four Mile Run. The segment
                   begins at the jurisdictional boundary between the City of Alexandria and Fairfax County
                   which is approximately at Hooff Run, 1.2 miles above the mouth of Hunting Creek.
                   Approximately 0.7 mile of shoreline is included along Hooff Run. The shoreline extends
                   for 6.6 miles along the Potomac River, and another 0.3 mile along Four Mile Run. This
                   shoreline segment ends at the jurisdictional boundary between the City of Alexandria and
                   Arlington County, which occurs approximately at the Route I bridge.

                   The shoreline at Hooff Run is crossed by Interstate-95, and the shoreline along Hunting
                   Creek is crossed by Route 1 and the George Washington Memorial Parkway, which
                   becomes Washington Street on the Alexandria side of the creek. The shorelands along
                   this segment are industrial and residential. There are several large apartment buildings
                   near the shoreline at the mouth of Hunting Creek called Hunting Towers. The Potomac
                   shoreline begins at Jones Point near the Jones Point Lighthouse. This segment covers the
                   entire waterfront of the City of Alexandria, and continues past Dangerfield Island to the
                   mouth of Four Mile Run. There are many piers and docks, and several boat ramps in this
                   section. The waterfront is extensively developed with a combination of recreational,
                   industrial, and commercial uses. The Four Mile Run shoreline is mainly occupied by the
                   Route 1, multiple railroad, and George Washington Memorial Parkway bridges.

                   Erosion Situation:
                   The shoreline changes map shows that large shoreline changes have occurred along Four
                   Mile Run; this is due to the channelization done by the Army Corps of Engineers -as a
                   flood control measure and therefore does not represent an erosional trend. There are five
                   small areas where the shoreline has changed moderately (< 3 ftlyr) to severely (>3 ft/yr).

                   Artificial Stabilization:
                   Overall, 58% of the shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized. Of the 5.1
                   miles of shoreline armoring, 75% is riprap, 20% is bulkhead, and the remaining 5% is
                   channel gabion along Four Mile run. The bulkheading and riprap is spread out along
                   most of the Alexandria waterfront, with only a few gaps.




                                                               99








                                  ta
                                                                                                                                               No


                                                                                                                                                                                                       Pcii



                           iFs                                                                                                                                                                  DS








                                                                                                                                                                      r     I
                                                                                                                                                                            n






                                  196
                                                                                                           L                                                             th

                                                          St 1MA




                                                                                                                                                        sm 5.
                                                                                                                     L___j
                                                                                                              rA _VE


                                                                                E EFO



                                                                                                                                                                                                                         0


                                                                                                                                                      R


                                                                                                                                                                                                                    erds(
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    din








                                                                                                                                               S7'


                                                                                                                                                                n
                            e                                                                                                                                                                                       t@$Ian(
                                                                                                             SC





                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Disc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                       ..Sp@
                                                                                                                               ZJ                                                    or
                               04@

                            'I-      Map        19-A             Hunting Creek to Fourmile Run
                                                                                                                                        1:24,000                                                               tF
                                     AL                          (Alexandria)-Reference map from USGS Topo Quadranggless-                                                                             EN
                                                   11-J
                                                                                                       N\
                                                       Parl                                                                                                                                           Q-4
                                                                                                                                                                                                         111   Spoil Area

                                                                                                                                                        F
                                                                                                                                                                   ones Coint
                                                                                                                                                                                               1,    MEMORIAL BR/4(kr_;.
                                                                                                                                                                 o   ,,P k
                                                                                                                                                                       31



                                                                                                                                                                                     In
                                                                                                                                                                                                         10      / DSA
                                17                                                                                                                                  0










                                                                    *M


                                                                      M















                                                                             S
                    MAP 19-B                                                              P
                    Hunting Creek to                    1:24,000                        0
                    Fourmile Run                                                  t
                                                                                         0
                    1971 Shoreline                                                       M
                    1983 Shoreline                                                       a
                    SHORELINE EROSION                                                     C
                    SHORELINE ACCRETION
                    (
                     Shoreline change map from
                     digitized USGS quadrangles
                                                                                         V
                     SIGNIFICANT EROSION                                                 e
                            Moderate:   (3ft./Yr)         M                              r
                            Severe:     (3ft./yr)         S
                            Extreme:       (15ft./yr)     X









                                             S
                                                 Hunting            S
                                                  Creek
 





















                                                                              R







                                                                                               R









                                                                                       R
                         MAP 19-C                                                                           p
                         Hunting Creek to                                                 R           0
                                                                                                           t
                         Fourmile Run                         1:24,000                      R           0
                                                                                                           M

                         Artificial Shoreline
                         Stabilization                                                                                  a
                         
                            Estimated from NVPDC                                               R           i
                            aerial survey  1992                                                B          V
                                                                                               )R          e
                                           R:   Riprap                                         I
                                           B:   Bulkhead                                       It I R      r
                                           G:   GrOin                                         W
                                           K:   Breakwater                                     B
                                           C:   Channel Gabion
                                                                                               B






                                                                                               B
                                                                                               R




                                                                                               R

                                                         Hunting           B
                                                           Creek                          R
 





                                                                               NVPDC SeptembeT, 1992


                                                      NW 20

                 Shoreline Segment: Four Mile Run to Theodore Roosevelt Bridge

                 USGS Quadrangles: Washington West
                                        Alexandria


                 Count3r.               Arlington

                 Property Maps:         None (all Federal)

                 Water Bodies:          Four Mile Run
                                        Potomac River
                                        Roaches Run and Waterfowl Sanctuary
                                        Boundary Lagoon
                                        Little River


                 Shoreline Description:
                 There are 8.3 miles of shoreline from Four Mile Run to Theodore Roosevelt
                 Bridge. The first 0.5 mile runs along Four Mile Run under Route 1, multiple
                 railroad, and George Washington Memorial Parkway bridges. The Washington
                 National Airport is adjacent to 2.9 miles of shoreline along the Potomac, from the
                 mouth of Four Mile Run to Roaches Run. Roaches Run and the Waterfowl
                 Sanctuary have 2.2 miles of shoreline. The shoreline from the mouth of Roaches
                 Run to the mouth of Boundary Lagoon extends for 1.0 mile along the Potomac
                 River The remaining 1.6 miles of shoreline is mainly along Boundary Lagoon
                 behind Columbia Island, with the exception of 0.1 mile before Theodore
                 Roosevelt Bridge which is at the mouth of Little River.

                 All of the shoreline in this segment is controlled by the Federal Government.
                 There is a sewage Disposal area on Boundary Lagoon. Numerous bridges cross
                 the shoreline along this segment.

                 Erosion Situatiow.
                 The shoreline changes map shows that there are a few small areas of moderate
                 k 3 ft/yr) erosion in this segment. The map also shows severe (> 3 ft/yr) erosion
                 around the Theodore Roosevelt Bridge.

                 Artificial Stabilization:
                 Overall, 47% of the shoreline in this segment has been artificially stabilized with
                 3.9 miles of structures. Approximately 90% of the shoreline armoring is riprap at
                 several locations throughout the segment, and the remaining 10% of the
                 hardened shoreline is along the north side of Four Mile Run, which has been
                 channelized with gabion.




                                                         103












                                                                                            VIAU
                                    0
                                                                                                 9   ing              E     rr.7on
                         Al                                                                                              M OQugfe
                                     Ion


                                                                                                                 K


                                            M

                                                                                                           Tid   1 Basin
                                                                                                                                      k@AW

                                                                                                                            on



                                                                                                  JO
                                                                       0.                            K



                                                                                                                              EAS       MAC
                     th  er                                                                          a
              _n                                                                                                                     elf   Co












                                                                                          4y













                                                  5 T 1  1111

                                                                                                             W A      I rONG@   .1Z
                                                                                                                           G
                                                                                                                 N  ti   N _/h\

                                   Map 20-A          Four mile Run to Theodore Roosevelt Bridg                       1:24,000
                                   AR                (Washington West and Alexandria)
                                                     -Reference map from USGS Topo Quadrangles-







                                                                                                                                  POI



                                                                                                                                S
                                                               C aK
                                                               (,j -    ___   1-1 " ,                                                   @ @rQ:









                                     *S








                                                       *M                 Potomac River











                                                  1:24,000
           MAP 20-B                                                      M
           Fourmile Run to                                        M
            Theodore Roosevelt Bridge


           1971 Shoreline
           1983 Shoreline
           SHORELINE EROSION
           SHORELINE ACCRETION
              Shoreline change map from
              digitized USGS quadrangles

             SIGNIFICANT EROSION

                    Moderate:    (3ft./Yr.)          M
                    Severe:      (3ft./yr.)        S
                    Extreme:       I 5ft./yr)      X



                                                                                              
 











                                      R


                                       R









                                                R


                                                          N                   Potomac River


                                   R: Riprap                 R
                                   B: Bulkhead
                                   G: Groins
                                   K: Breakwater                                 R
                                   C: Channel Gabion


                                    Estimated from NVPDC
                                    aerial survey 1992





                                                                                    R



                     MAP 20-C                                 1:24,000                         R
                     Fourmile Run to 
                     Theodore Roosevelt Bridge

                                                                                               R

                     Artificial Shoreline
                     Stabilization


                                                                                               R






                                                                 C   N


                                                                                      R
 





                                                                             NVPDC September, 1992


                                                     NIAP 21

                 Shoreline Segment: Theodore Roosevelt Bridge to Little Falls

                 USGS Quadrangle:      Washington West

                 Count3r.              Arlmigton

                 Property Maps:        None (all Federal)

                 Water Body:           Little River
                                       Potomac River


                 Shoreline Description:
                 There are 5.0 miles of shoreline from Theodore Roosevelt Bridge to Little Falls.
                 The first 0.6 mile is along Little River behind Theodore Roosevelt Island, and the
                 remaining 4.4 miles of shoreline are along the Potomac River.

                 The shoreline is crossed by Theodore Roosevelt, Key and Chain Bridges. All of
                 the shorelands in this segment are governmental. The George Washington
                 Memorial Parkway runs along the entire shoreline to Chain Bridge.

                 Erosion Situation:
                 The shoreline changes map shows that the area near the Theodore Roosevelt
                 Bridge has experienced severe erosion (>3 ft/yr).

                 Artificial Stabilization:
                 There are 1.0 mile of riprap along 21% of the shoreline in this segment. The
                 riprap is along the south end of the segment.



















                                                        107













                                                                           C-:



























                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      rdon
































                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           kx               a
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            -ev
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               or


                                                                                                                                         tle Falls




















                                                        Little
                                                         Falls        MAP 21 -B
                                                                      Theodore Roosevelt Bridge
                                                                      to little Falls


                                                                      1971 Shoreline
                                                                      1983 Shoreline
                                                                      SHORELINE EROSION
                                                                      SHORELINE ACCRETION

                                              Potomac River









                       SIGNIFICANT EROSION

                                               
                                
                              Moderate: (<3ft./yr)             M                                  Little
                                                                        Little River
                              Severe:     (>3ft./yr.)       S                                  River
                              Extreme:    (> I 5ft./yr)    X
                             (
                              Shoreline change map rrom
                              digitized USGS quadrangles
                                                                                                 *S
 

0
















                                            Little
                                             Falls






                                                     ~4qMP 21~-C
                                                      ~ql~4qo~4qe~0qa~4qd~4qo~0qp~4qe ~qi~0qq~4qo~4qo~4qs~4qe~0qy~4qe~4ql~0qt
                                 Potomac River        to Little ~4qF~4qd~-~0q1~-~0q1~4q5
                                                                                1:24~q,0


                                                      A~0qf~0qt~0qi~4qf~4qi~6qC~0qJ~q0~q7~.~4q1~0q2~0qo~6qp~6qe~8qn~0qf~0ql~6qe
                                                      ~4qS~0qt~0qO~q7~,~0q#~4qj~.~0qj~4qj~6qZ~qO~q7t~0qj~6qg~6qf~6ql


                                                      R

                                                                     R

                                  R  Riprap                                ~q%R
                                  B  Bulkhead
                                  G  Groins
                                  K  Breakwater                               R
                                ~0qF~q@






































                                  C: Channel Gabion


                                                                                Litde
                                   Estimated from NVPDC                         River
                                   aerial survey 1992
 





                                                                               NVPDC September, 1992


                                                     ApRendix 2

                                        SHORELINE SITUATION REVIEW

                 The Shoreline Situation Rel2orts (SSR) produced by the Virginia Institute of
                 Marine Sciences (VIMS) for Prince William CounjY (Rogers, et. al., 1976), and for
                 the Counties of Fairfax and ArlingLon, Cily of Alexandria (Owen, et. al., 1979)
                 covered 155.4 miles of tidal shoreline. The shoreline descriptions given in the
                 report were for subsegment divisions which were based on changes in shoreline
                 configuration, physical properties, or locality boundaries. The subsegments were
                 identified in the SSR as follows:

                                             Prince William County (PW),
                                             Fairfax County (FX),
                                             the City of Alexandria (AL), and
                                             Arlington County (AR):

                               PW-5B:    Chopawarnsic Creek (2.7 mi.),
                               PW-5A:    County Line to Shipping Point (3.6 mi.),
                               PW-4:     Shipping Point to Possum Point (11.1 mi.),
                               PW-3B:    Possum Point to Cockpit Point (2.5 mi.),
                               PW-3A:    Cockpit Point to Freestone Point (6.8 mi.),
                               PW-2B:    Freestone Point to Mouth of Neabsco Creek (9.8 mi.),
                               PW-2-A:   Mouth of Neabsco Creek to Deephole Point (14.8 mi.),
                               PW-1B:    Deephole Point to 1-95 Bridge (3.8 mi.),
                               PW-1A:    1-95 Bridge to Occoquan River Dam (2.3 mi.),
                               FX-1:     Occoquan River Dam to Sandy Point (10.9 mi.),
                               FX-2:     Sandy Point to Hallowing Point (12.3 mi.),
                               FX-3A:    Hallowing Point to Pohick Creek (8.7 mi.),
                               FX-3B:    Pohick Creek to Whitestone Point (13.3 mi.),
                               FX-4A:    Whitestone Point to Ferry Point (8.1 mi.),
                               FX-4B:    Ferry Point to Sheridan Point (10.2 mi.),
                               FX-5:     Sheridan Point to Hunting Creek (13.6 mQ,
                               AL-6:     Hunting Creek to Fourmile Run (9.8 mi.), and
                               AR-7:     Fourmile Run to, Little Falls (11.1 mi.).

                 The shoreline characteristics which were described in the SSR include:

                       (1) Shorelands physiographic classification,
                       (2) Shorelands use classification,
                       (3) Shorelands ownership classification,
                       (4) Limitations to shore use and potential or alternative shore uses,
                       (5) Flood hazards level,
                       (6) Beach quality,
                       (7) Water quality, and
                       (8) Shore erosion situation.






                                                                              NVPDC September, 1992



                     The shorelands physiographic classification included descriptions of-

                         the fastlands: the zone landward of the shore,
                         the shore: the zone of beaches and marshes, and
                         the nearshore: the zone from the shore to MLW (the mean low water datum).

                     The shoreline was taken either as, the fastland/shore boundary, or the
                     shore/nearshore boundary. The measurements of shoreline length were
                     given for each subsegment along the shore/nearshore boundary.

                     The fastlands were described by the average slope within 400 feet of the
                     fastland/shore boundary. The classifications included:

                         low shore: 20 feet or less of relief,
                         moderately low shore: 20 - 40 feet of relief,
                         moderately high shore: 40 - 60 feet of relief, and
                         high shore: 60 feet or more of relief.

                     In  addition, the presence or absence of bluffs along the fastland/shore
                     boundary were noted.

                     The shore zone was defined as the buffer between the fastlands and the body
                     of water. The landward limit of the shore zone was delineated by the line
                     representing one and a half times the mean tide range above low water, and
                     the seaward limit of the shore zone was given as the break in slope between
                     the relatively steeper shoreface and the less steep nearshore zone. The SSR
                     used the inner fringe of the marsh symbols on United States Geological
                     Survey (USGS) topographic maps as the landward limit of the shore zone,
                     and the mean high water line on the USGS topographic maps as the
                     shoreline, or seaward limit of the shore zone.

                     The following categories were used to describe the shore zone:

                         beach,
                         fringe marsh,
                         extensive marsh,
                         embayed marsh, and
                         artificially stabilized.

                     The distinctions between the various types of marshes were related to their
                     size and potential functions. The SSR defined a ftinge marsh as one that
                     occurs in a band less than 400 feet in width and approximately parallel to
                     the shore, and- indicated that this type of marsh usually provides a buffer to
                     wave erosion of the fastland. An extensive marsh was defined as a marsh
                     that projects into the adjacent water body, and has extensive acreage. An


                                                        112






                                                                                NVPDC September, 1992


                       embayed marsh was defined as a marsh that occupies a re-entrant or
                       drowned creek valley. The SSR indicated that in general an extensive marsh
                       is likely to be a more efficient transporter of detritus and nutrients than an
                       embayed marsh due to its greater drainage density.

                       In the SSR, the nearshore zone includes tidal Rats, and extends from the
                       shoreline which was taken as the mean low water line (MLW) to the 12-foot
                       isobath. The nearshore zone was described as:

                       ï¿½ Narrow: 12-foot isobath is < 400 yards from shore,
                       ï¿½ Intermediate: 12-foot isobath is 400 - 1400 yards from shore, or
                       ï¿½ Wide: 12-foot isobath is > 1400 yards from shore.

                       The shorelands physiographic classifications were graphically represented
                       on the maps in the SSR, and were described in terms of the percent of the
                       shoreline covered by the categories defined for the fastland, shore, and
                       nearshore zones. The physiographic descriptions and data were derived
                       from United States Geological Survey topographic maps and National
                       Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration bathymetric charts. In addition,
                       the Tidal Marsh Inventory reports produced by VIMS for Prince William
                       County (1975), and Fairfax County (1976) were used. A summary
                       spreadsheet of the shorelands physiographic data included in the SSR for
                       Northern Virginia is included (Attachment 1A).

                       The physiographic descriptions of the fastlands and nearshore zones of the
                       subsegments in Northern Virginia will not have significantly changed since
                       the publication of the SSR. The shore zone designations will have changed,
                       especially the amount of artificial stabilization. In addition, the marsh areas
                       Will have changed slightly since the publication of the SSR.

                 (2)   The shorelands use classification was also separated into the primary uses
                       of the fastland, shore, and nearshore zones. The following uses were
                       included:


                          Fastlands Zone:
                          -   Residential
                          -   Commercial
                          -   Industrial
                          -   Governmental
                          -   Recreational and Public Open Spaces
                          -   Preserved
                          -   Agricultural
                          -   Unmanaged:
                              - Open, or
                              - Wooded.





                                                          113






                                                                            NVPDC Septanber, 1992


                     ï¿½  Shore Zone:
                        - Bathing
                        - Boat Launching
                        - Bird Watching
                        - Waterfowl Hunting

                     ï¿½  Nearshore Zone:
                        -   Pound Net Fishing
                        -   Shellfishing
                        -   Sport Fishing
                        -   Extraction of non-living Resources
                        -   Boating
                        -   Water Sports

                (3) The shorelands ownership dassffication used in the SSR was divided into
                     the following classes:

                        Private, or
                        Governmental:
                        - Federal
                        - State
                        - County or City

                     The attached spreadsheets contain a summary of the shorelands use and
                     ownership of the Northern Virginia segments as designated in the SSR
                     (Attachment 1A). It is likely that changes have occurred in fastland use,
                     especially regarding development, since the SSR were published in the
                     1970s.

                     The shore and nearshore uses, however, probably have not significantly
                     changed. The shorelands ownership classification may or may not have
                     undergone changes.

                (4)  The limitations to shore use and potential or alternative shore uses
                     category in the SSR described specific factors which impose limits on the
                     type or extent of shoreline development, as well as the potential for
                     recreational uses of the shore zone. Both physical and political limitations
                     were included; a subsegments topography, proximity to marshes,
                     vulnerability to erosion, flooding potential, local development policy and
                     zoning regulations, or current uses were defined as possible limits to
                     potential or alternative shore uses.

                     The alternative shore uses category is useful for identifying the areas that
                     may have undergone changes in use or ownership since the SSR were
                     published. In addition this category is extremely useful for identifying new
                     areas of potential beach access and public recreational activities.


                                                       114






                                                                                 NVPDC September, 1992


                       Attachment 1B lists the alternative shore uses as given in the SSR. Some
                       changes have occurred; this category should updated at some point because of its
                       inherent use to planners and shoreline managers in Northern Virginia.

                 (5)   The flood hazards level information in the Prince William County SSR were
                       derived from United States Army Corps of Engineers reports; the reports
                       indicated that the Intermediate Regional Flood (an average recurrence time
                       of 100 years) has an average water level of 8 feet above the mean water
                       level. Flood data for Fairfax and Arlington Counties were extracted from
                       the Federal Insurance Administration "Flood Hazard Boundary Maps." The
                       reports indicated that most of the flooding is due to heavy rains, extreme
                       runoff, and swelling of the river. The maps indicated that the 100-year flood
                       would range from 9.3 to 9.8 feet above MSL (mean sea level) in Fairfax
                       County, and up to 21 feet above MSL for some portions of Arlington
                       County. Flood data for Alexandria were extracted from the City of
                       Alexandria's "Flood Plain Map, 1977" (Ordinance No. 2182). The map
                       indicated that the 100-year flood would range from 12 to 15 feet above MSL.

                       The flood hazards section also indicated areas where structures are in
                       danger of flooding. This section could be updated at some future point with
                       revised flood level information and the reidentification of endangered
                       structures. The flood hazards assessments from the SSR are included in
                       Attachment 1C along with the beach quality and water quality assessments.

                  (6)  The beach quality evaluation was based on the nature of the beach material,
                       length and width of the beach, and the general aesthetic appeal of the beach
                       setting. Most of the beaches were rated poor to fair because the beaches in
                       Northern Virginia are mainly thin and usually vegetated. This category
                       reflects a subjective judgment, and is unlikely to have significantly changed.

                  (7)  The water quality evaluation category was included in the SSR for Fairfax
                       and ArlingLon, Ci!y of Alexandria but was not included for Prince William
                       Counjy However, the text of the Prince William County report indicated
                       that several creeks were experiencing water quality problems (in 1976), and
                       that discharges into several creeks did not meet the State Water Control
                       Board's Embayment Standards. For example, the SSR indicated that
                       "Neabsco Creek is sterile due to a chlorine overdose several years ago."

                       The data for the water quality section were derived from the Virginia State
                       Water Control Board's publications Water Qualfty Standard (November,
                       1974), and Water Oualily InvenM (305 b) (April, 1976). According to the
                       1979 SSR, no area of the Upper Potomac River met the Virginia water
                       quality standard all of the time. The Metropolitan Washington Council of
                       Governments - March 1978, "208 Water Quality Plan" stated that "the
                       capacity of @;e estuary to absorb waste loads is limited and is heavily
                       dependent on Potomac flows to overcome tidal action which confines



                                                           115






                                                                            NVPDC September, 1992


                     wastes in the upper estuary." The data in this category are outdated and
                     should not be used; the water quality evaluations should be revised.

                (8)  The shore erosion situation category contained the following information:

                     * Erosion rate,
                     * Endangered Structures, and
                     9 Shore protective structures.

                     A review of the information contained in the SSR reveals that there was no
                     data on erosion rates for any of the subsegments. However, the maps
                     provided in the reports showed areas of moderate erosion (1 to 3 feet/year)
                     in subsegments: FX-1: Occoquan River Dam to Sandy Point, FX-2: Sandy
                     Point to Hallowing Point, FX-3A: Hallowing Point to Pohick. Creek, FX-4A:
                     Whitestone Point to Ferry Point, and FX-413: Ferry Point to Sheridan Point.
                     Additionally, the text described the erosion situation for each subsegment.
                     Attachment 1D presents a summary of the text descriptions of the erosion
                     situation for each of the segments as presented in the SSR.

                     The Summary of Shoreline Situation ReRorts for Virginia's Tidewater
                     Localities (C. Hobbs, D. Owen, and L. Morgan, 1979) indicated that there
                     were 27 separate SSR produced for the 34 counties and cities bordering
                     approximately 5000 miles of Virginia's tidal waters. The erosion rate
                     information in the SSR were, in part, obtained from a mid 1970s VIMS study
                     that was published in 1977 as Shoreline Erosion in Tidewater Virginia by
                     Robert Byrne and Gary Anderson. The study established long term erosion
                     rates by comparing the high water shoreline positions on maps from the
                     1850's and the 1940s. In addition, aerial photographs of the late 1930s and
                     mid 1970s were used to assess more recent trends. However, the
                     comparisons were not made for the Northern Virginia shorelines, and hence
                     the "no data" for erosion rates in these SSFL


                     The evaluations of the erosion situation that are in the SSR were made from
                     field investigations and interviews with local inhabitants. The reports
                     indicated that both wave attack and downhill rain runoff contribute to the
                     slight to moderate erosion occurring in some sections of the study area.
                     However, the reports concluded, "Generally, erosion is not considered to be
                     a significant problem for this area of the Potomac River. Populated
                     shoreline areas have been largely artificially stabilized." The reports
                     indicated that only one house on the northern end of Chopawarnsic Island,
                     and one house at the mouth of Gunston Cove were endangered by
                     continuing erosion.

                     The SSR contained maps with areas of artificial stabilization and areas of
                     moderate erosion represented by symbols. However, the quality of the
                     graphics was poor, and not all of the areas described in the text as


                                                       116






                                                                              NVPDC September, 1992


                      experiencing slight erosion were depicted. The descriptions and extent of
                      artificial shoreline stabilization structures were derived from oblique aerial
                      photography. Attachment 1D contains a summary of the artificial shoreline
                      stabilization structures. This information should be updated.









































                                                         117









                                                                                                     Attachment 2A-1


                                                                   PHYSIOGRAPHIC DATA FOR NORTHERN VIRGINIA, 1976/1979
                                                                                                              (Miles)
                               Subsegments PW~-5B PW~-~q5A PW4                  PW~-3B PW~-3A PW~-2B PW~-2A PW~8qA~qB PW~-1A FX~-1 FX~-2                               FX~-~q3A FX~-~q3B       FX~12q4A
               Shore~qla~nds Physiography
                     FAST~qLANDS
             Artificial Fill                      nd           nd     nd        ~nd       nd        nd         nd       nd        nd       0       0       0        0        0
             ~L~w Shore                            ~qi~qs           0.6    ~q1         0.3      2         1.2        7.7      19        0       S~6qS       0.5     2.6      9.5      42
             Moderately Low Shore                 0.6          2.7    6.1       OA       1.7       12         02       0         1 A     8.9      8A      2.9      2A       2.1
             Mod. Low Shore with Bluffs           0            0.1    0~q3        0        0         0          0        0         0       0.5      3.1     1 A      0        0
             Moderately High Shore                0.8          0      1.3       0.7      1.3       1.6        0        0.8       OA      0.1      0       0.4      09       0.3
             Mod. High Shore with Bluffs          0            0      0         0        0         0          0        0         0        0       0       0        0        ~q0~q.~4q1
             H~ighShore                            0.8          0      0.8       0.7      1.2       1.2        0        02        0.6     1.6      0       ~q1        0.3      0.3
             ~F~ligh Shore with Bluffs              0            0      0.3       0.6      OA        0~6q3         0        0.2       0       0.5      0       ~q1        0        1.1
                        SHORE                                     I                  I
             Artificially Stabilized              0            1A     0.3       0.6      ~q0~.~q1       0~2q2         1.3      0.6       1.3     ~q0~6q2     ~q-0~.9      0~.~q5      0~q5       1A
             Beach                                0            1A     2.8       1.9      22        1.1        0.~q5      1.7       0.1     0.6      3.9     3.9      1A       2.8
             Fringe Marsh                         1.2          0      2.7       0        1~.9       2.3        1.1      0.3       ~q0~.~q9     6.3      0.6     2.9      9.8      2.5
             Embayed Marsh                        1~.~q5          OA     3.4       0.1      2.6       62         6A       02        0       3.8      7       1A       1.7      1~16q3
             Extensive Marsh                      0            OA     1.9       0        0.        0          ~q5~q5       ~q1         0        0       0       0        0        0
                     NEARSHORE
             Narrow                               nd*          ~q1      nd~*       2.5      1.3       0          0        nd~*       nd*      0       1.3     ~q1~q1       0        1.6
             Intermediate                         nd~*          1.6    nd*       0        0         0          0        nd*       nd~*      0       ~q0~.~q9     ~qi~qs       0        0
             Wide                                 nd*          0      nd*       0        1.1   1   1.1        4        nd~*       nd*   1  0       4.1     0        ~q0    ~q1   ~q0
                     Sho~re~qla~nd~s Use                                                                                                    I                                I
             Agricultural                         nd           nd     nd-       nd       nd        nd         nd       nd        nd      0.4      0       0.2      0        0
             Commercial                           0            0      0         0        0         0.6        0        0         0.5      0       0       0        0        0
             Govemmental                          3.6          2.8    2.8       0        0         0          ~q1~.~q8      1.2       0        0       0       0        13.2     5.9
             Industrial                           0            0      2.3       0.9      ~q1         0.2        OA       0         OA      1.8      0       0        0        0
             Perserved                            0            0      0         0        0         0          1~.~q5      ~q0    ~q1    0       8.7      1.1     1.1      0        0
             Recreational                         0            0      0         0        ~q0         0          ~q0~.~q5      0         0        0       8.7     3.8      0        0.3
             Residential                          0            0.5    1.1       0       ~-0~.~q5       0.2        1.2      0.6       1.1     1.8      1.8     2.2      0        is
             Unmanag~ed, Open                      0            0      0         0        0         0          0        0.2       0       ~q0~.~q1      0       0        0        0.3
             U~~~nanaged, Wooded                   0            0      3A        1.8      5.2       4A         2.5      1.1       0.3     4A       0.5     2        0        0.2
                       Oumer~ship
             Private                              0            ~qO~.~qS    6.9       2.7      6.7       4          4.1      1.9       2.3     7.1      2.3     5.6      0        22
             Federal                              3.6          2.8    2.8       0        0         0          3.3      12        0        0       0       0        132      5.9
             State                                nd           nd     nd        nd       nd        nd         nd       nd        nd      8.7      1.1     0        0        0
             County/City                          0            0      0         0        0         1 A        ~q0~.~q5      0         0       1.3      8.6     3.8      0        0


                       Total Mika
             Fastland                             3.6          3A     9.6       2.7      6.7       5.4                 3.1       2.3     17.1     12      93       ~q13~.2     8.1
             Shoreline                            2.7          3            ~q-2.5         6.8       9.8        14~-98    3.8       2.3     10.9     12.3    8.7      13.3     8.1
                                                                                                              7

             nd = no data; not included in original report
             nd~ = nd data (too shallow to measure)
 





                                                                                                             NVPDC September, 1992


                                                                      Attadunent 2A-2

                              SUMMARY PHYSIOGRAPHIC DATA FOR NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
                                                                           1976/1979



                                                               Prince Win.          Fairfax            city of         Arlington
                                                                 County             Countv          Alexandria           County
                           Shorelands Physiography                (miles)           (miles)            (miles)           (miles)         (Total)
                                  FASTLANDS
                        Artificial Fill                               *nd              1.7                13                02
                        Low Shore                                     162             29.6                7.1               4.8            57.7
                        Moderately Low Shore                          14.3            31.4                1A                2.0            49.1
                        Mod. Low Shore with Bluffs                    OA               5.0                  0                 0              5.4
                        Moderately High Shore                         6.9              3.5                  0               OA             10.8
                        Mod. High Shore with Bluffs                     0              0.3                  0                 0              0.3
                        Bgh Shore                                     5.5              4.2                  0               OA             10.1
                        High Shore with Bluffs                        1.8              3.1                  0               3.2              8.1_
                                     SHORE
                        Artificially Stabilized                       5.8              6.7                4.0               3.0            19.5
                        Beach                                         11.7            16.7                1.3               2.1            31.8
                        Fringe Marsh                                  10A             28.9                4A                5.9            49.6
                        Embayed Marsh                                 20.8            18.5                0.1                 0            39.4
                        Extensive Marsh                               8.8              6.3                                                 15.1
                                 NFARSHORE
                        Narrow                                        4.8              5.5                4.7               7-3            22.3
                        Intermediate                                  1.6             11.2                0.8               1.6            15.2
                        Wide                                          6.2              4.1                  0                 0            10.3
                              SHORELANDS USE
                        Agricultural                                  *nd              0.6                  0                 0              0.6
                        Commercial                                    1.1              0.2                OA                  0              1.7
                        Governmental                                  12.2            19.1                0.8               0.8            32.9
                        Indusirial                                    5.2              2.0                4.2               3.6            15.0
                        Perserved                                     1.5             12.5                  0                 0            14.0
                        Recreational                                  0.5             20.3                3.2               6.1            30.1
                        Residential                                   5.2             16.1                0.6               OA             22.3
                        Unmanaged, Open                               0.2              0.9                0.5                 0              1.6
                        Unmanaged, Wooded                             18.7             7.6                  0                 0            26.3
                                     Ownership
                        Private                                       29.1            28.9                2.2               0.9            61.1
                        Federal                                       13.7            26.4                6.9               8.0            55.0
                        State                                         *nd              9.8                  0               2.2            12.0
                        County/City                                   1.9             13.9                0.7                 0            16.5


                                     Total Miles
                        Fastland                                      44.7            78.9                9.8               11.1           144.5
                        Shoreline                                     57A       1     77.1        1       9.8       1       11.1           155.4
                        *no data






                                                                                 119






                                                                              NVPDC September, 1992


                                                  Attadunent 2B


                             NORTHERN VIRGINIA ALTERNATE SHORE USES,
                                                     1976/1979

                The limitations to shore use and potential or alternate shore uses listed in the
                SSR are as follows (verbatim) (note - the italicized rating refers to potential for
                alternative uses):

                PW-5B: Chopawamsic Creek. None. The present government ownership and
                use of this subsegment prohibits alternate development.

                PW-5A.- County Line to Shipping Point. Low. The present use and ownership
                of this subsegment precludes alternate development.

                PW-4: Shipping Point to Possum Point. Low. The area near the town of
                Dumfries could be developed as a low intensity recreational park. Other
                alternate uses for this segment are limited due to e)dsting use and ownership.

                PW-3B: Possum Point to Cockpit Point. Low. For 66% of the shore lands
                which are presently unused, development depends upon access across the
                railroad tracks.

                PW-3A: Cockpit Point to Freestone Point. Low. Two areas have development
                potential, although any construction should ensure against adding pollutants to
                the waters. A low intensity recreational park would be possible along the shore
                lands near Georgetown Village.

                PW-2B: Freestone Point to Mouth of Neabsco Creek. Low. Although 54% of
                the shoreline is presently unused, development here would be costly because of
                the lack of access to the area.


                PW-2A: Mouth of Neabsco Creek to Deephole Point. Low. This subsegment
                already has a county owned recreational park and a wildlife refuge along the
                shoreline. Little alternate use seems necessary for the unused, wooded lands
                located in this subsegment.

                PW-1B: Deephole Point to 1-95 Bridge. Moderate. The unmanaged, wooded
                area located in front of River Bend Estates has the possibility of becoming a low
                intensity recreational area.

                PW-IA: 1-95 Bridge to Occoquan River Dam. Low. The present use of the
                shoreline restricts alternate development.

                FX-1: Occoquan River Dam to Sandy Point. Moderate. The 41% of the shore
                lands which are private are being developed for residential purposes.


                                                        120







                                                                            NVPDC September, 1992



                FX-2: Sandy Point to Hallowing Point. Low. Given that 81 % of the shore lands
                are owned by the state and local governments, there are few private lands
                available for development.

                FX-3A: Hallowing Point to Pohick Creek. Low. The 40% of the shore lands
                which are privately owned are already largely developed. Some continued
                residential development is possible in some areas of the shoreline.

                FX-3B: Pohick Creek to Whitestone Point. Low. No private development is
                possible unless the government relinquishes control of the area.

                FX-4A.- Whitestone Point to Ferry Point. Moderate. The unused areas of the
                subsegment are located near residential sections. These areas win probably be
                developed for residences also.

                FX-4B: Ferry Point to Sheridan Point. Low. Most of the private lands have
                already been developed for residential purposes.

                FX-5: Sheridan Point to Hunting Creek. Low. Most of the segment is either
                preserved or is already consumed. There are few privately owned and unused
                lands.

                AL-6: Hunting Creek to Four Mile Run. High. The City of Alexandria plans
                to revitalize its waterfront for recreational open space, small businesses, and
                commercial shipping. However, any development of the Alexandria waterfront
                depends upon the outcome of the shore ownership dispute between the city and
                the federal government.

                AR-7. Four Mile Run to Little Falls. Low. All shore lands are being used. Any
                new use would be via redevelopment of existing areas.

















                                                       121







                                                                                   NVPDC September, 1992


                                                     Attachment 2C


                                                NORTHERN VIRGINIA
                         FLOOD HAZARD, WATER QUALITY, AND BEACH QUALITY,
                                                        1976,/1979


                     Subse~4qgment           Flood Hazard          Water Quality         Beach Quality
                       PW~-~8q5B           Low                       not listed           No Beaches
                       PW~-~2q5A           LOW                       not fisted           Poor
                       PW~-4            LOW                       not listed           Poor
                       PW~-3B           LOW                       not listed           Poor to Fair
                       PW~-~q3A           LOW                       not listed           Fair to Good
                       PW~-2B           LOW                       not listed           Poor to Good
                       PW~-2A           LOW to Moderate           not listed           Poor
                       PW~-IB           Low to Moderate           not listed           Fair to Poor
                       PW~-1A           LOW                       not listed           Poor
                       FX~-1            Moderate to ~8qM~6qLh           Good                 Poor
                       FX~-2            Moderate                  Good                 Fair
                       FX~-~q3A           Moderate                  Good                 Fair
                       FX~-3B           Moderate                  Good                 Fair
                       FX~-~q4A           Moderate                  Good                 Fair
                       FX~-~q4B           Moderate                  Good                 Fair
                       FX~-5            Moderate to Hi~0qLh          Poor to Fair         Fair
                       A~2qL~-6            High                      Poor to Fair         Poor
                       AR-7            Low to Moderate           Poor to Fair         Poor




























                                                            122
 





                                                                                NVPDC Septeff6er, 1992


                                                    Attachment 2D


                                              NORTHERN VIRGINIA
                                       SHORELINE EROSION SITUATION,
                                                       1976/1979

                 The Shoreline Situation Rep2rts produced by the Virginia Institute of Marine
                 Sciences (VIMS) for Prince William CgRM (1976), and for the Counties of Fairfax
                 and Arling!on, Ci1y of Alexandria (1979) indicated that the shoreline erosion
                 situation of the mid 1970s was as follows:

                 PW-5B: Chopawamsic Creek.
                 The shoreline does not appear to be eroding. There are no structures along the
                 shore.

                 PW-5A: Prince William county line to Shipping Point.
                 The majority of the shoreline is stable with the exception of 0.1 mile of bluffed
                 shoreline on Chopawamsic Island which is experiencing moderate erosion due
                 mainly to downhill rain runoff and wind and wave actions at the base of the cliff.
                 The house at the northern end of Chopawamsic Island is endangered by erosion.
                 There are approximately 7,600 feet of artificial stabilization, the majority of which
                 is at the Quantico boat dock. There are two large piers at the boat dock with
                 several boat slips. The stabilization at the southern end of Chopawamsic Island
                 is totally ineffective.

                 PW-4: Shipping Point to Possum Point.
                 Most of the area appears to be stable; however, there is some bluff erosion due to
                 downhill rain runoff. There are 1,800 feet of bulkhead in a residential area that
                 appears to be effective.

                 PW-3B: Possum Point to Cockpit Point.
                 The bluff areas north of the power plant are eroding due to rain runoff and
                 undercutting of the cliff base from wind and wave actions. There are
                 approximately 3,000 feet of effective riprap and bulkheads near Possum Point in
                 front of the substation, appears effective.

                 PW-3A: Cockpit Point to Freestone Point.
                 The area appears to be stable, with no endangered structures. There is 1 groin,
                 which appears to be effective. There are also a fishing pier and boat house on the
                 beach.


                 PW-2B: Freestone Point to the northern side of the mouth of Neabsco Creek
                 The bluffs at Freestone Point are experiencing minor erosion due to runoff and
                 undercutting by wind and wave action. There are approximately 1,200 feet of
                 mainly cosmetic artificial stabilization on the south bank of the creek at the



                                                           123






                                                                             NVPDC September, 1992


                marina facilities, in addition to several boat ramps and numerous piers. There
                are about 50 feet of effective riprap to the east of the railroad bridge.

                PW-2A: The northern side of the mouth of Neabsco Creek to Deephole Point.
                Although the shoreline appears to be stable, there are 7,300 feet of artificial
                stabilization. Approximately 3,600 feet of riprap from the mouth of Marumsco
                Creek to Deephole Point appear to effectively protect the road that is dose to the
                shore in that area. Bayside Park and Featherstone Shores have approximately
                3,400 feet of bulkhead and several groins along the shore, all of which appears to
                be effective. There are numerous piers along the shoreline and docking facilities
                and a boat ramp at the marina just north of Featherstone Shores, with about 300
                feet of bulkheading that is mainly used for commercial purposes.

                PW-IB: Deephole Point to the 1-95 Bridge.
                The area appears to be stable. Along the shoreline of the Military Reservation
                there are approximately 2,000 feet of riprap, which appears to be effective.
                Northwest of the Route 1 bridge there are around 800 feet of effective bulkhead
                which appears to be mainly cosmetic as erosion is not a significant problem here.

                PWM- The 1-95 Bridge to the Occoquan River.
                Although the shoreline appears stable, it has 6800' of effective bulkheading
                located at the commercial and industrial areas and along most of the shoreline
                near Occoquan.

                FX-1: The Occoquan River Dam to Sandy PoinL
                Downhill rain runoff causes some erosion along sections of the Belmont Bay
                shoreline. There are approximately 650 feet of bulkhead just east of the railroad
                bridge, 50 feet of bulkhead near the mouth of Massey Creek, and 100 feet of
                riprap in the residential section of Massey Creek. There are also several piers.
                The structures appear to be effective and were mainly erected for cosmetic and
                commercial purposes.

                FX-2: Sandy Point and Hallowing Point.
                This area is experiencing moderate bluff erosion (1 to 3 feet/year) from Sycamore
                Point to Sandy Point due from both rain runoff erosion and wave attack of the
                shore. There are several piers in this segment and approximately 4,500 feet of
                bulkhead along the Hallowing Point River Estates shoreline. Several areas south
                of Sandy Point have riprap along the shoreline, and there are three groins south
                of the riprapped areas The shoreline stabilization structures are for the most
                part, effective, however, there are gaps between structures in residential areas
                that reduce the overall effectiveness.


                FX-3A: Hallowing Point to Pohick Creek.
                This segment is undergoing moderate erosion (1 to 3 feet/year) from Hallowing
                Point to the inside of Gunston Cove, which is due mainly to downhill rain runoff
                rather than wave attack of the shoreline. One house at the mouth of Gunston



                                                       124






                                                                              NVPDC September, 1992


                 Cove is endangered by the erosion situation. There are 2,500 feet of artificial
                 stabilization which appears to be effective. There are several groins north of
                 Hallowing Point; the remaining structures are mainly bulkheads and some
                 riprap. There are also several piers and a boat ramp in this segment.

                 FX-3B: Pohick Creek to Whitestone PoinL
                 There is no significant erosion in this segment. The 2,500 feet of bulkhead and
                 riprap appear to be more for cosmetic purposes rather than for shoreline
                 stabilization. There are many docks and several boat ramps at the mouth of
                 Gunston Cove.


                 FX-4A.- Whitestone Point to Ferry Point.
                 The bluffs near Whitestone Point are experiencing moderate erosion (1 to 3
                 feet/year) due to downhill rain runoff and wave action undercutting the base of
                 the cliffs. The 7,600 feet of bulkhead and riprap appears to be effective elsewhere
                 in the segment. There are numerous piers and docks located from the Mount
                 Vernon Yacht Club to Ferry Point.

                 FX-4B: Ferry Point to Sheridan Point
                 The bluffs north of Ferry Point are experiencing moderate erosion (1 to 3
                 feet/year), and much of the remainder of the segment has been artificially
                 stabilized with approximately 9,200 feet of bulkhead and riprap. There is a pier
                 at Mount Vernon.


                 FX-5: Sheridan Point to Hunting Creek.
                 There is no significant erosion along this segment; however, there are
                 approximately 8,100 feet of apparently effective bulkhead and riprap.. There is
                 also a marina with several piers and docks.

                 AL-6: Hunting Creek to Four Mile Run.
                 This segment is experiencing little or no erosion. There are approximately 21,000
                 feet of artificially stabilized shoreline. Some of the bulkheading is old and is in
                 need of strengthening or replacement. The Alexandria Waterfront has numerous
                 piers and docks

                 AR-7: Four Mile Run to Little Falls.
                 There is little or no erosion in the Arlington segment. There are approximately
                 15,900 feet of artificially stabilized shoreline which is mainly effective riprap.
                 There are also several boat ramps and piers in this segment.









                                                         125






                                                                    NVPDC September, 1992


                                             U12endix 3

                                       NORTHERN VIRGINIA
                                SHORELINE EROSION MAILING LIST



               Arlington CQ=ty
               Environmental Services Division
               No. 1 Courthouse Plaza
               2100 Clarendon Boulevard
               Arlington, VA 22201

               City of Alexandria
               Transportation and Environmental Services
               P.O. Box 178
               City Hall
               Alexandria, VA 22313

               Commonwealth of Virginia Marine Resources Com
               2600 Washington Avenue
               P.O. Box 756
               Newport News, VA 23607-0756

               Council on the Environment
               Coastal and Oceans Program
               Environmental Program Analyst
               903 9th Street Office Building
               Richmond, VA 23219

               Fairfax CQunjy
               Fairfax County Wetlands Board
               c/o Office of Comprehensive Planning
               4050 Legato Road, Suite 800
               Fairfax, VA 22033

               Featherstgne & Mason Ngck National Wildlife Refuges
               Mason Neck NWR
               14416 Jefferson Davis Flighway, Suite 20A
               Woodbridge, VA 22191

               George Iyashington Memorial Parkway
               National Park Service
               c/o Turkey Run Park
               McLean, VA 22101





                                                  126






                                                                     NVPDC September, 1992


              Interstate ChesaReake Bay Commission (EPA)
              60 West Street, Suite 200
              Annapolis, MD 21401

              Interstate Commission on the Potomac River Basin
              6110 Executive Boulevard, Suite 300
              Rockville, MD 20852-3903

              Mason Neck State Park & Leejylvania State Park
              Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation
              Division of State Parks
              203 Gouvenor Street, Suite 306
              Richmond, VA 23219

              Militaa DeveloRment in the National Cal2ital Region
              PMNCR
              Building 257, Stop 388
              Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060-5388

              National AiMort
              Engineering Division, Environmental Section
              Metropolitan Washington Airport Society
              National Airport
              Washington, DC 20001

              Prince William County
              Wetlands Board of Prince William County
              c/o Department of Public Works, Watershed Management
              4361 Ridgewood Center Drive
              Prince William, VA 22191-5308

              Regional Parks
              Northern Virginia Regional Park Authority
              5400 Ox Road
              Fairfax Station, VA 22039

              State Water Control Board (SWCB)
              P.O. Box 11143
              Richmond, VA 22230

              U.S. Army CojRs of Engineers
              Northern Virginia Regional Office
              Plaza South, Suite 102
              138 Graham Park Road
              Dumfries, VA 22026




                                                  127






                                                                         NVPDC September, 1992


                U.S. Army. Ft. Belvoir
                Environmental and National Resources
                DEH-ENZ
                Building 1442
                Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060-5113

                U.S. Marine Cor2s. Quantko
                Public Works Branch, MCCDC, C042
                P.O. Box 1855
                Quantico, VA 22134-0855

                VjMinia Degartment of Conservation and Recreation
                Shoreline Erosion Advisory Service (SEAS)
                P.O. Box 1024
                Gloucester Point, VA 23062

                Viminia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries
                4010 West Broad Street
                Richmond, VA 23230

                ViMinia Institute of Marine SciencgA MMS)
                P.O. Box 1346
                Gloucester Point, VA 23062





























                                                     128






                                                                                NVPDC September, 1992


                                                     U12endix 4

                        SUMMARY OF NEW AND POTENTIAL SHORELINE EROSION
                             INFORMATION SOURCES IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA



                 The following report summarizes the information obtained and the literature
                 reviewed to date.

                  (1)  Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences (VIMS)

                       VIMS is developing The Coml2rehensive Coastal Inventory for the Virginia
                       coastline to support shoreline management programs. It is intended to be
                       mainly a collation effort with an aim of acquiring all existing data sets and
                       providing a common format for the data. It is intended to complement
                       ongoing data collection efforts such as the Tidal Rivers Inventory Project.

                       Base scale for The Coml2rehensive Coastal Invenigry is 1:24,000 with
                       "critical areas" at a scale of 1:5,000. The system is designed to include rates
                       of erosion and accretion, shoreline mobility, nearshore profiles and
                       bathymetry, sediment characteristics, sediment budget, wind and wave
                       characteristics, distribution and performance of engineering structures,
                       identification of non-living and living marine resources, land use, level of
                       development and valuation, and land ownership and claims.

                       The system was proposed in 1988 and is scheduled to be completed over a
                       five year period and then updated in five year cycles. At the current time
                       (3/92), the system is not complete, and contains no data for Northern
                       Virginia.

                       The Shoreline Situation ReRgrts are being used as the background material
                       for the Coml2rehensive Coastal Inventory they are updating them as they
                       enter the data. They have not done anything with the report on Prince
                       William Coun1y nor the Counties of Fairfax, ArlingLon, Cijy of Alexandria
                       report.

                       VM' Tidal Rivers InventM Prgject has completed mainly rural counties;
                       however, the completion for Northern Virginia is unlikely because of a lack
                       of funds. As far as priorities go, the Upper Potomac is low on the list
                       because there are very few "critical areas" in terms of erosion and species
                       habitat.

                       VIMS has flown aerial reconnaissance of Virginia's coast up to
                       Westmoreland County. They are using their vertical aerial photos, and
                       some Highway Department photos for digitizing new shoreline positions.



                                                           129






                                                                             NVPDC September, 1992


                     They are using oblique low altitude aerial video coverage for the delineation
                     of erosion control structures.

                     The Tidal Rivers Inventory Pro-ject is mainly concemed with the ecology of
                     the rivers. The oyster grounds have been mapped at 1:5,000, and everything
                     else at 1:24,000. They have mapped submerged aquatic vegetation through
                     the Northem Neck. They are currently transferring the hard copy Tidal
                     Marsh Inventories done in the 70's and 80's for each coastal county in
                     Virginia to a digital form.

                (2)  Council on the Envirorunent

                     The work being done at VIMS will be incorporated into the EcoMAPS
                     geographic information system at Council on the Environment. The
                     Council is also working with Fish and Wildlife on producing new National
                     Wetlands Inventory maps. The Northern Virginia area has not been done
                     yet.

                     EcoMAPS does not contain any high resolution shoreline boundary files for
                     the Potomac. It does include the 1:100,000 digital line graphs, but the
                     shoreline is very blocky. The Council is looking into getting a better
                     boundary file.

                (3)  United States Geological Survey (USGS), and National Oceanic and
                     Atmospheric Administration

                     (A) Shorelines on Maps and Charts

                     The most common sources for coastal geographic information are the USGS
                     1:24,000 topographic maps (quadrangles) and the NOAA 1:40,000
                     bathymetric charts. These maps and charts are easy to obtain and are
                     inexpensive. The following seven quadrangles cover the Northem Virginia
                     shoreline:


                          Alexandria (1983)
                          Fort Belvoir (1983)
                          Indian Head (1982)
                          Mount Vernon (1983)
                          Occoquan (1984)
                          Quantico (1983) and
                          Washington West (1983)

                     Two NOAA charts cover the area:
                          12288: Potomac River, Lower Cedar Point to Mattawoman Creek (16th
                          edition, June 30,1990), and




                                                       130






                                                                             NVPDC September, 1992


                          12289: Potomac River, Mattawoman Creek to Georgetown (44th
                          edition, January 27,1990).

                     USGS updates their maps about once a decade, and NOAA updates their
                     charts about every two years. The date on a map or chart, however, does
                     not reflect the date of the shoreline information. The USGS is mainly
                     concerned with topography and NOAA is mainly concerned with
                     bathymetry, and therefore the map and chart revisions do not contain
                     shoreline revisions unless the differences are blatantly obvious on aerial
                     photographs.

                     Prior to the 1960s the Army Corps of Engineers printed all shoreline
                     quadrangles. In the early 1960s, the responsibility was transferred to USGS.
                     In the mid 1970s, NOAA provided USGS with shoreline and bathymetric
                     data. The current series of quadrangles contain shorelines provided by
                     NOAA.

                     There are two methods for producing NOAA charts: Photogrammetric and
                     Hydrographic. The Photogrammetry division uses aerial photographs to
                     delineate the shoreline. The Hydrography division goes into the field and
                     produces Hydrographic surveys; they do soundings for bathymetry and use
                     traditional survey methods to map the shoreline. The Hydrography people
                     field check the charts produced by the Photogrammetric people, but their
                     major interest is bathymetry, not shoreline positions.

                     The best data on shorelines comes from the T-sheets, or topographic
                     surveys, that NOAA does in coastal areas. There are a set of T-sheets from
                     the mid to late 1800s, a set from the 1930s to 1950s, and a set from the early
                     1970s for the Potomac River. The survey data is collated and then registered
                     as the accepted shoreline. The shorelines on the USGS maps and on the
                     NOAA charts are all from the last "registered" shoreline. The shoreline
                     surveys were done at 1:10,000 from 1971 to 1974 and the shoreline was
                     registered in 1977. ALL UPPER POTOMAC SHORELINES CURRENTLY
                     BEING USED ON NOAA CHARTS AND USGS MAPS WERE DERIVED
                     FROM THE 1971 TO 1974 SURVEYS EVEN THOUGH THE DATES ON
                     TTIE MAPS OR CHARTS ARE 1980s AND 1990s.

                     In the late 1970s NOAA digitized the mean high water line of the Upper
                     Potomac. These digital files are available, but cost -$500 per chart, and
                     were done on the 26th datum (the 27th datum is the one currently in use).
                     The Chief of External Affairs is the person to talk to about obtaining the
                     shoreline files.

                     NOAA is currently working with Intergraph on producing a new set of
                     digital shorelines including both the mean high water and mean low water
                     lines. The NOAA project manager, Richard Hogan of Nautical Charting at


                                                        131






                                                                                 NVPDC September, 1992


                       (301) 443-8061, said that they will not be able to release these files for about
                       a year because the shorelines have not yet been verified.

                       (B) Historic Charts

                       The National Archives Cartographic Depository on Pickett Street in
                       Alexandria, Virginia, has many historic charts for the Potomac River.
                       NVPDC obtained copies of the following charts (note: #560 is now #12289,
                       and #559 is now #12288):

                       #560, Edition 10    September, 1910
                       #560, Edition 23    September, 1953; Revised May, 1957
                       #560, Edition 33    February, 1973
                       #559, Edition 1     July, 1907
                       #559, Edition 4     July, 1935; Revised February, 1956
                       #559, Edition 10    March, 1973

                       (C) Potomac Shoreline Study

                       The United States Geological Survey published a Water-Supply Paper in
                       1987 by Andrew Miller called Shore Erosion as a Sediment Source to the
                       Tidal Potomac River, MgUland and Virgigia; A Water-Qualily Study of the
                       Tidal Potomac River and EsLt@. The study area extends from Gunston
                       Cove to the mouth of the Potomac, and therefore includes Prince William
                       county and the southern portion of Fairfax County. The paper includes an
                       excellent write-up on the causes of erosion, the methods of measuring
                       erosion rates, and the accuracy of measurements of shoreline change.

                       The average erosion rate determined from cartographic and photographic
                       methods for the stretch of coast from Gunston Cove to Chopawamsic Creek
                       range from 0.1 to 0.5 m/yr. However, selected points along Mason Neck
                       were determined to have recession rates as high as 2.0 m/yr.
















                                                           132







                                                                                         August 10, 1992


                      Addresses of Owners Who NeCd to Be Contacted by SEAS



            Palcel Number(s)
            1.   FX102-2 1-20   The American Horticultural Society
                                Mt. Vernon, VA 22121
                                (lot address: 7931 E. Boulevard Drive, Alexandria, VA 22308)

            2.   110-3 13-16    Oxford Partnership
                                8808-H Pear Tree Court
                                Alexandria, VA 22309
                                (lot address: 9514 Lynnhall Place, Alexandria, VA 22309)

            3.   110-3 13-17    Taylor Burke
                                9515 Lynnhall Place
                                Alexandria, VA 22309

            4.   110-3 13-18A   Irene Kabler
                                9513 Lynnhall Place
                                Alexandria, VA 22309

            5.   110-4 6-11C    Mehrangiz Khanrzadeh
                                9521 Ferry Harbor Court
                                Alexandria, VA 22309


            6.   110-4 6-11D    Ronald Balazik
                                9517 Ferry Harbor Court
                                Alexandria, VA 22309

            7.   110-4 9-2-4    Melisende C. Bart
                                3100 Brandywine Street, NW
                                Washington, DC 20008
                                (lot address: 4007 Belle River Terrace, Alexandria, VA 22309)

            8.   111-1 21-29    Richard 0. Keys
                                3213 Woodland Lane
                                Alexandria, VA 22309
                                (lot address: 3209 Woodland Lane, Alexandria, VA 22309)

            9.   111-1 21-30    Richard 0. Keys
                                3213 Woodland Lane
                                Alexandria, VA 22309

            10. 111-1 21-28     Mary Elizabeth Brahm
                                3201 Woodland Lane
                                Alexandria, VA 22309
                                (lot address: 3205 Woodland Lane, Alexandria, VA 22309)






                                                                                       August 10, 1992


            11. 111-1 15-4A     James H. Baker
                                9006 Captain's Row
                                Alexandria, VA 22308

            12. 111-1 15-5A     Wilhelmus Verhoeren
                                19004 Captain's Row
                                Alexandria, VA 22308

            13. 111-1 15-6A     Courtney J. Suter, Jr.
                                9002 Captain's Row
                                Alexandria, VA 22308

            14. 111-1 15-7A     James Ray Cottrell
                                9000 Captain's Row
                                Alexandria, VA 22308

            15. 111-1 15-8A     Resident
                                1860 Ala Moana Boulevard, Apt. 1704
                                Honolulu, HW 96815

            16. 111-1 15-9A     Edward jedrziewski
                                8912 Captain's Row
                                Alexandria, VA 22308

            17. 111-1 15-10A    Robert Watts
                                8910 Captain's Row
                                Alexandria, VA 22308

            18. 1.11-1 6-17-7A  Robert J. Evans
                                8616 Thomas J. Stockton Parkway
                                Alexandria, VA 22308

            19. 111-1 6-17-8A   William F. Beyer
                                8613 Thomas J. Stockton Parkway
                                Alexandria, VA 22308

            20. 114-3 1-11      Woodrow Wilson Boy Scout Reservation

            21. 114-4 1-11      Lester Stribling
                                6590 Pohick Bay Drive
                                Lorton, VA 22079
                                (lot address: 6600 Pohick Bay Drive, Lorton, VA 22079)

            22. 114-4 1-14      Margaret Tomlinson
                                2836 Rangewood Terrace
                                Atlanta, GA 30345
                                (lot address: 10647 Gunston Road, Lorton, VA 22079)







                                                                                           August 10, 1992


             23. 114-4 1-15       Margaret Tomlinson
                                  2836 Rangewood Terrace
                                  Atlanta, GA 30345
                                  Oot address: 10649 Gunston Road, Lorton, VA 22079)

             24. 117-2 1-7        John H. Arial, Jr.
                                  10814 Belmont Blvd.
                                  Lorton, VA 22079

             25. 117-2 1-8        Samuel W. Rothberg
                                  8021 E. Boulevard Drive
                                  Alexandria, VA 22308
                                  Oot address: 10816 Belmont Blvd., Lorton, VA 22079)

             26. 117-2 1-14       Elias No-uhra
                                  10606 Belmont Blvd.
                                  Lorton, VA 22079

             27. 117-2 1-24       Belmont Bay Farms, Ltd.
                                  1707 Duke Street
                                  Alexandria, VA 22314

             28. 118-1 2-47       Robert L. Ware
                                  6 Meander
                                  Chatham, IL 62629
                                  (lot address: 7421 Belmont Landing Road, Lorton, VA 22079)

             29. 118-1 2-48       Marshall L. Ware
                                  1600 Westbrook Avenue
                                  Richmond, VA 23227
                                  (lot address: 7425 Belmont Land Road, Lorton, VA 22079)

             30. 118-1 2-A        James A. Foster
                                  7454 Belmont Landing Road
                                  Lorton, VA 22079

             31. 118-1 2-94       Anne W. Rinavdot
                                  4176 S. 36th Street
                                  Arlington, VA 22206
                                  (lot address: 7607 Bayview Drive, Lorton, VA 22079)

             32. 118-1 2-93       Roger M. Twist
                                  202 E. Iris Avenue
                                  Lantana, FL 33462
                                  (lot address: 7611 Bayview Drive, Lorton, VA 22079)

             33. 118-1 2-92       Anne W. Rinavdot
                                  4176 S. 36th Street
                                  Arlington, VA 22206
                                  (lot address: 7615 Bayview Drive, Lorton, VA 22079)






                                                                                        August 10, 1992


            34. 118-1 2-91      Anne W. Rinavdot
                                4176 S. 36th Street
                                Arlington, VA 22206
                                (lot address: 7619 Bayview Drive, Lorton, VA 22079)

            35. 118-1 1-5       First Fac Inc.
                                c/o Murray J. Belman, Suite 100
                                1120 Vermont Avenue, NW
                                Washington, DC 20005

            36. 118-1 1-4       Leonard Wixson
                                3304 Dauphine Drive
                                Falls Church, VA 22042
                                (lot address: 10806 Belmont Blvd., Lorton, VA 22079)

            37. 119-1 1-1       Commonwealth of Virginia
                                Gunston Hall
                                9th Street Office Building
                                Richmond, VA 23219
                                (lot address: 10709 Gunston Road, Lorton, VA 22079)

            38. 119-1 3-3-7A    Eugene Wills
                                6711 Lee Highway, Suite 4
                                Arlington, VA 22205
                                (lot address: 11189 Gunston Road, Lorton, VA 22079)

            39. 119-1 3-7-13    Eugene Wills
                                Suite 4, 6711 Lee Highway
                                Arlington, VA 22205
                                (lot address: 11191 Gunston Road, Lorton, VA 22079)
                                (11209 thru 11021 Gunston Road (12 parcels), Lorton, VA 22079)

            40. 119-4 1-1       Michael A. Willner
                                8519 Electric Avenue
                                Vienna, VA 22182
                                (lot address: 11521 Potomac Road, Lorton, VA 22079)

            41. 119-4 1-1B      John F. Murphy
                                5750 Hallowing Drive
                                Lorton, VA 22079

            42. 119-4 1-1A      Ted B. Kuemmerling
                                5700 Hallowing Drive
                                Lorton, VA 22079

            43. 119-4 2-13-1    Gunston Manor Property Owner's Association, Inc.
                                5973 Foxglove Trail
                                Lorton, VA 22079
                                (property along River* Potomac Road)







                                                                                           August 10, 1992


            44. 122-1 3-4        Arthur M. Reynolds
                                 6013 River Drive
                                 Lorton, VA 22079

            45. 122-1 3-5        Judson 0. Harrison
                                 6017 River DTive
                                 Lorton, VA 22079

            46. 122-1 3-6        Tazewell F. Rufty
                                 6021 River Drive
                                 Lorton, VA 22079

            47. 122-2 2-8        George E. Monroe
                                 11801 River Drive
                                 Lorton, VA 22079

            48. 122-2 2-9        Peter D. Jarvis
                                 11805 River DTive
                                 Lorton, VA 22079

            49. 122-2 2-38       Long Enterprises, Inc.
                                 8253 Backlick Road
                                 Lorton, VA 22079
                                 (lot address: 5945 River Drive, Lorton, VA 22079)

            50. 122-2 2-39       Hallowing Point Associates, Inc.
                                 P.O. Box 63
                                 Lorton, VA 22079
                                 (lot address: 5949 River Drive, Lorton, VA 22079)

            51. 122-2 3-2        Wallace R. Watson
                                 5201 Queensbury Avenue
                                 Springfield, VA 22151
                                 Oot address: 6005 River Drive, Lorton, VA 22079)

            52. 122-2 3-3        Richard F. Kennedy
                                 6009 River Drive
                                 Lorton, VA 22079

            53. PW57 1-41A       G. J. Manderfield
                                 1098 Swan Point Road
                                 Woodbridge, VA 22191

            54. PW57 10-5-1      John J. Williams
                                 1100 Swan Point Road
                                 Woodbridge, VA 22191







                                                                         August 10, 1992


         55. PW42 1-8     Belmont Bay Limited Partnership
                          3251 Old Lee FIighway, Suite 201
                          Fairfax, VA 22030
                          (lot address: 13901 Dawson Beach Road, Occoquan, VA 22125)

         56. PW20 1-21A   United States of America
                          P.O. Box 1830
                          Manassas, VA 22110
                          (lot address: 16001 Featherstone Road)

         57. PW14 1-26    Dept. of Conservation & Economic Development
                          1201 Washington Building
                          Capital Square
                          Richmond, VA 23219
                          (lot address: 16501 Neabsco Road, Woodbridge, VA 22191)

         58. PW9 1-39B    Cockpit Point limited Partnership
                          3000 K Street, NW, Suite 200
                          Washington, DC 20007
                          (lot address: 1500 Cherry Hill Road, Dumfries, VA 22026)

         59. PW9 1-1      VMS/Arden Southbridge Venture
                          P.O. Box 723427
                          Atlanta, GA 30339
                          (lot address: 17375 Apple Lane)






        Addresses of Owners Who Need to Be Conta@ted by SEAS                                     August 10, 1992

                                                           1 of 3






        American Horticultural Society          Ronald Balazik                          Courtney J. Suter, Jr.
        Mt. Vernon, VA 22121                    9517 Ferry Harbor Court                 9002 Captain's Row
                                                Alexandria, VA 22309                    Alexandria, VA 22308






        Oxford Partnership                      Melisende C. Bart                       James Ray Cottrell
        8808-H Pear Tree Court                  3100 Brandywine Street, NW              9000 Captain's Row
        Alexandria, VA 22309                    Washington, DC 20008                    Alexandria, VA 22308






        Taylor Burke                            Richard 0. Keys -                       Resident
        9515 Lynnhall Place                     3213 Woodland Lane                      1860 Ala Moana Blvd., #1704
        Alexandria, VA 22309                    Alexandria, VA 22309                    Honolulu, HW 96815






        Irene Kabler                            Mary Elizabeth Bralun                   Edward jedrziewski
        9513 Lynnhall Place                     3201 Woodland Lane                      8912 Captain's Row
        Alexandria, VA 22309                    Alexandria, VA 22309                    Alexandria, VA 22308






        Mehrangiz Khanrzadeh                    James H. Baker                          Robert Watts
        9521 Ferry Harbor Court                 9006 Captain's Row                      8910 Captain's Row
        Alexandria, VA 22309                    Alexandria, VA 22308                    Alexandria, VA 22308






                                                Wilhelmus Verhoeren                     Robert J. Evans
                                                9004 Captain's Row                      8616 Thomas J. Stockton Pkwy.
                                                Alexandria, VA 22308                    Alexandria, VA 22308






          Addresses of Owners Who Need to Be Contacted by SEAS                                              August 10, 1992
                                                                  2 of 3







          William F. Beyer
          8613 Thomas J. Stockton Pkwy.               Elias No-uhra                               Roger M. Twist
          Alexandria, VA 22308                        10606 Belmont Blvd.                         202 E. Iris Avenue
                                                      Lorton, VA 22079                            Lantana, FL 33462





                                                      Belmont Bay Farms, Ltd.
          Woodrow Wilson Boy Scout                    1707 Duke Street                            First Fac Inc.
          Reservation                                 Alexandria, VA 22314                        c/o Murray J. Belman, Suite 100
                                                                                                  1120 Vermont Avenue, NW
                                                                                                  Washington, DC 20005




          Lester Stribling                            Robert L Ware
          6590 Pohick Bay Drive                       6 Meander                                   Leonard Wixson
          Lorton, VA 22079                            Chatham, IL 62629                           3304 Dauphine Drive
                                                                                                  Falls Church, VA 22042




          Margaret Tomlinson                          Marshall L. Ware                            Commonwealth of Virginia
          2836 Rangewood Terrace                      1600 Westbrook Avenue                       Gunston Hall
          Atlanta, GA 30345                           Richmond, VA 23227                          9th Street Office Building
                                                                                                  Richmond, VA 23219




          John H. Arial, Jr.                          James A. Foster                             Eugene Wills
          10814 Belmont Blvd.                         7454 Belmont Landing Road                   6711 Lee Highway, Suite 4
          Lorton, VA 22079                            Lorton, VA 22079                            Arlington, VA 22205





          Samuel W. Rothberg                          Anne W. Rinavdot                            Michael A. Willner
          8021 E. Boulevard Drive                     4176 S. 36th Street                         8519 Electric Avenue
          Alexandria, VA 22308                        Arlington, VA 22206                         Vienna, VA 22182







           Addresses of Owners Who Need to Be ContacW by SEAS                                               August 10, 1992

                                                                 3 of 3






           John F. Murphy                              George E. Monroe                            G. J. Manderfield
           5750 Hallowing; Drive                       11801 River Drive                           1098 Swan Point Road
           Lorton, VA 22079                            Lorton, VA 22079                            Woodbridge, VA 22191





           Ted B. Kuemmerling                          Peter D. Jarvis                             John J. Williams
           5700 Hallowing Drive                        11805 River Drive                           1100 Swan Point Road
           Lorton, VA 22079                            Lorton, VA 22079                            Woodbridge, VA 22191





           Gunston Manor Property                      Long Enterprises, Inc.                      Belmont Bay Limited Partnership
           Owner's Association, Inc.                   8253 Backlick Road                          3251 Old Lee Highway, Suite 201
           5973 Foxglove Trail                         Lorton, VA 22079                            Fairfax, VA 22030
           Lorton, VA 22079




           Arthur M. Reynolds                          Hallowing Point Associates, Inc.            United States of America
           6013 River Drive                            P.O. Box 63                                 P.O. Box 1830
           Lorton, VA 22079                            Lorton, VA 22079                            Manassas, VA 22110





           Judson 0. Harrison                          Wallace R. Watson                           Dept. of Conservation &
           6017 River Drive                            5201 Queensbury Avenue                      Economic Development
           Lorton, VA 22079                            Springfield, VA 22151                       1201 Washington Building
                                                                                                   Capital Square
                                                                                                   Richmond, VA 23219



           Tazewell F. Rufty                           Richard F. Kennedy                          Cockpit Point Ltd. Partnership
           6021 River Drive                            6009 River Drive                            3000 K Street, NW, Suite 200
           Lorton, VA 22079                            Lorton, VA 22079                            Washington, DC 20007




                                                                                                   VMS/Arden Southbridge Venture
                                                                                                   P.O. Box 723427
                                                                                                   Atlanta, GA 30339
























                                                                                     DATE DUE















                                                                 GAYLORDiNo. 2333                                   PRINTED IN U S A.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                     10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      iow













                                                                       6668 14107 5400